Bedrock is a design of bench planes developed by Stanley Works as an attempt to improve over the Bailey plane design. It was introduced in the early 20th century.

The main difference of the Bedrock design was in the frog, which holds the blade also known as an iron. A characteristic of the Bailey design is that the frog is secured to the upper side of the sole, and the iron extends unsupported through a slot machined in the sole of the plane. Some claim that this contributes to what is commonly referred to as "blade chatter", which is an uneven surface created in the wood. However, nobody to date has been able to replicate this phenomenon intentionally or show that this has anything to do with the way the frog is anchored to the main body of the plane. More likely, it is due to an inexperienced grip on the plane or the work piece not being secured enough, causing it to vibrate. The Bedrock design was made to more precise standards but both frog types can be anchored tight enough to avoid any movement. The Bedrock frog extends through a much larger slot milled in the sole of the plane, providing support to the iron almost to its cutting edge. This combined with a better mounting of the frog to the plane body provides a more solid bedding of the iron to the plane body, hence the name bedrock, yet this has not led to a discernible improvement in performance.

In addition to iron support, another element widely perceived as problematic with the Bailey design is that the frog mounting screws are under the cutting iron, so the cutting iron assembly must be removed if one wishes to adjust the position of the frog. This adjustment is made to vary the opening at the "mouth", which refers to the position of the cutting edge in relation to the front of the slot in the sole, and which is supposedly used to control the size of shaving taken by the plane. However, the fact that no vintage planes are ever found with a closed throat indicates that craftsmen of old made use of this feature in extremely rare occasions. The Bedrock design incorporated a new adjustment method in which the entire frog could be wound forward or back, if necessary, thus adjusting the mouth, without removing the blade.

However, a clear problem with the Bedrocks which nobody seems to address is that the surface between the frog and the sole is not parallel, like on Bailey planes, but at an incline. This means that any adjustment made to open or close the throat also alters the depth of cut, which must be reset before continuing any work.

A similarity between Bedrocks and Baileys is that they both featured thin irons, which are evidently easier to sharpen, since there is less steel to remove. Indeed, on most Stanley irons the functional surface is laminated with hard, wear resistant steel and mild steel in the remainder of the iron. Modern irons from other makers are much thicker, which means more material to remove, and are 100 percent tool steel, hardened to about Rockwell 62. Of course, these are priced at multiple times more than basic Bailey pattern planes which were the preferred option for most craftsmen until the crafts began to disappear.

Since the cheaper Baileys were kept in production along with the Bedrocks, to make the distinction easier, square designs were modelled in the body of the bedrock planes.

Long discontinued, Bedrocks are still sought after mainly by tool collectors but also hobby woodworkers. Although no benefits have been identified, some users prefer to retro-fit thicker irons, which are available to suit most plane types but may require modifications to support the greater thickness behind the cap iron.

No #601 was never produced by Stanley Works, but a "601" is indeed available from a custom plane maker. This "601" even has a lateral blade adjustment which the #1 never had.

References

Planes


Drexelbrook station is a SEPTA Route 101 trolley stop in Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania. It is officially located near Stanbridge Road and Woodland Avenue in the Drexelbrook area, however the actual grade crossing and platforms are on Wildell Road south of Woodland Avenue and north of Revere Road and Drexelbrook Drive.

Trolleys arriving at this station travel between 69th Street Terminal in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania and Orange Street in Media, Pennsylvania. The station has a shed with a roof where people can go inside when it is raining on one platform and a bench on the other.  No parking is available at this station.

Station layout

External links

SEPTA Media–Sharon Hill Line stations


MedicoLegal Investigations Ltd (MLI) was a United Kingdom private limited company which worked with pharmaceutical companies to investigate alleged fraud and misconduct in medical research. Based in Cambridge, England, it was established in July 1996 by Frank Wells, former Director of Medical Affairs for the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, and Peter Jay, retired detective chief inspector for Scotland Yard and former senior investigator for the General Medical Council Solicitors, and described itself as an "independent external whistleblower service". The company was dissolved in 2013.

MLI worked primarily with the pharmaceutical industry to detect fraud in industry-funded medical research. The company asserted that it had investigated over eighty research studies in conjunction with the Association of British Pharmaceutical Industries, leading to disciplinary proceedings against 27 doctors at the General Medical Council (GMC), all but one of whom were found guilty of serious professional misconduct. The Sunday Times, The Observer, and the Daily Express have published articles examining MLI's investigations of doctors and research studies.

References

External links
 MedicoLegal-Investigations.com - website

Companies established in 1996
Companies based in Cambridge
Law firms of the United Kingdom


The 1987 Scottish Cup Final was played between St Mirren and Dundee United at Hampden Park on 16 May 1987.

Underdogs St Mirren won the game 1–0, with a goal by Ian Ferguson. It was their third Scottish Cup win in their then 110-year history.

This was the last year, as of 2022, that the Scottish Cup has been won by a team fully composed of Scottish players.  Moreover, this was the last Scottish Cup final, as of 2022, where all players competing and both managers were Scottish.

Match

Summary
In his history of Scottish Cup finals, Forrest Robertson described the match as "one of the most disjointed, undistinguished Finals imaginable", while Jim Reynolds, writing in The Glasgow Herald stated it was "a feeble final, the day on which the Scottish Cup almost died of boredom" and a match where "men of many talents could not respond to the occasion". In their history of the Scottish Cup, David Potter and Phil H. Jones claim that "the first ninety minutes of the game was, in the opinion of most people, a dreadful game of football" and note that even the commentators on the television coverage of the match struggled "to keep their audience involved". The main action came in extra time. During this period Iain Ferguson seemed to have opened the scoring for Dundee United, but the goal was disallowed as the referee controversially ruled Kevin Gallacher to be in an offside position. Shortly after this, the similarly named Ian Ferguson scored what proved to be the only goal of the match to win the game for St Mirren, shooting with his left foot into the top left corner of the net from six yards out after running into the penalty area.

Details

Aftermath
The night of the match 5000 people congregating in the grounds of Paisley Abbey opposite the town hall to watch the St Mirren's return to their home town. The following day 10,000 supporters watched the team display the cup in an open-decked bus in Paisley. Norman Buchan, the then Member of parliament for Paisley South, welcomed the victory and said it was "extra special when a single  community carried off a cup".

Dundee United had to quickly regroup as the Scottish Cup Final had come in the middle of the two-legged UEFA Cup Final that they were contesting with IFK Gothenburg. 1-0 down from the first leg, United were due to play the second leg of the tie in Dundee just 5 days after their Hampden defeat. Ultimately that match finished 1-1, giving the Swedish side a 2-1 aggregate win and meaning that United had lost two cups in less than a week. Both Maurice Malpas and Jim McLean would later indicate that they felt that the disappointment of the defeat at Hampden contributed to United's failure to win the UEFA Cup.

References

1987
Cup Final
St Mirren F.C. matches
Dundee United F.C. matches
1980s in Glasgow
May 1987 sports events in the United Kingdom


The Palavir, an acronym for Plugat HaAvir (, Air Companies) was the air force for the Palmach, based in Tel Aviv. Little is known about the Palmach's flying platoon due to its short life and its secrecy during the British Mandate. Like the rest of the Palmach it was made up entirely of Jewish fighters.

History
In 1945, the Palavir was developed as Palmach's air division. The Palavir fell under the command of the unofficial Jewish defense force Haganah and operated prior to the establishment of the State of Israel. The Palmach's naval branch, Palyam, was also created in the same year. In 1943 the Palmach sent 3 of its fighters to be trained at the Jewish Agency-owned flying school, Aviron flying school, in kibbutz Afikim. Later, the Palavir sent six more fighters. However, in 1943 the British outlawed the Haganah and Palmach. In response, both organizations went underground. The Palavir disguised itself as an aeroclub called Palestine Flying Club and continued to train until 1947. The Palavir pilots also operated out of Ramla airport. In 1947, the Palavir and aeroclub were reorganized into the Sherut Avir which benefited from the return of Jewish soldiers who had been fighting in the Jewish Brigade of the British Army. In 1948 the Sherut Avir became the Heil HaAvir or Israeli Air Force. Also with the independence in 1948 the Palestine Flying Club was renamed the Israel Aero Club.

Contribution
The 'Palavir' acquired its first aircraft, the de Havilland D.H.82C Tiger Moth in 1936 when the Yishuv leader, David Ben-Gurion, managed to purchase one from Britain. The plane's purchase was difficult due to resistance by the British government which feared that an independent Jewish force might encourage a similar Arab force. It was flown in by a British flight instructor named Grey and registered under the marks G-ACYN, with serial number 3314. Later, in 1947, two Tiger Moths from Canada were acquired as donations to a Jewish aeroclub. The same year, Aviron flying school moved out of Afikim and Ramla to Lod Airport. For the remainder of Palavir'''s existence, it began to operate out of Haifa further north, enabling the Tiger Moths to photograph Syrian army camps in the Golan. The fact that the Palavir'' was created together with the Palmach and Palyam meant that it was born from the same soldiers and structure. Palmachniks would often interchange leadership positions between these branches. This culture continues in the IDF today, where the military's branches contrast the strict cultural divides that many militaries have developed (i.e. between the Navy and the Army). In Israel the IAF and the rest of the IDF are very much intertwined in history, culture, and operation.

Known pilots
Pinchas Ben-Porat

References

Israeli Air Force
Irregular military air services
Haganah units


Santa Rosa Jáuregui is one of seven boroughs of the municipality Santiago de Querétaro. It has 16,966 inhabitants, and is located at 1950 meters above sea level. The borough is the largest of the municipality of Querétaro in terms of surface, covering its northern half, though it is the smallest in terms of population. There are fifty three rural and urban settlements, besides the borough of Santa Rosa.

If Santa Rosa were a municipality, it would be ranked 4th in the state in terms of population (after Querétaro, San Juan del Río, and Corregidora) and 14th in terms of  area. It is considered the cradle of "carnitas" (deep fried pork meat).

Cityscape
Federal Highway 57 crosses the borough in a north - south direction, as well as the Federal Road 111, which leads to San Miguel de Allende. The southern third is the urban nucleus, where  Santa Rosa and the suburb of Juriquilla are located, as well as the towns of Montenegro and La Solana. 39% of the population dwell here. This area has seen one of the most rapid growth rates in the state.

This area is close to the rest of the city of Querétaro, and the limits with the boroughs of Felix Osores and Epigmenio Gonzalez. Other than the presence of the Highway 57, the area benefits from the newly built Libramiento Sur - Poniente and Anillo Vial Junípero Serra, which allows faster transportation to the rest of the city of Querétaro.

Despite having half the population of Santa Rosa, Juriquilla is equal in land area and will expand greatly in the future. The area is home many public amenities: a golf course and a five star hotel, one of the most renowned bullfighting arenas in the country, a beautiful reservoir (Presa del Cajón), and four universities (campuses of the UNAM, CINVESTAV - IPN, UAQ and UVM). This makes the area one of the science clusters in the State.

New developments are being planned, notably the Omnicentro, which will include buildings by I.M. Pei. Department stores and a supermarket will also be built, attracting the middle class.

North of Juriquilla is Santa Rosa, and separated by a small hill and the small reservoir Presa de Dolores which became the Parque Bicentenario. This new park makes both settlements a cohesive urban area. Santa Rosa retains much of its rural village character, though most of its inhabitants have become blue collar workers in the city's industry. Thus, large housing projects are being developed.

Following the Highway 57 northwards, the Presa de Santa Catarina is the largest reservoir in the municipality, adjacent to Road 111, where the village of Buenavista is located. There have been many industrial parks built along the highway, notably the Parque Industrial Querétaro, where companies such as Samsung are located. This area is projected to have an intensive industrial growth.

The western part of the borough is hilly terrain that forms the limits with the State of Guanajuato. Nature has been preserved in the area, mainly through conservation areas such as the park of Joya - La Barreta.

History
The area is a perfect place for agricultural activities, and thus is home to four ancient haciendas, namely Juriquilla, La Solana, San Isidro and Santa María del Retablo.

The village of Santa Rosa has its origins in the 17th century, when the first settlers paid rent for fifty years to the owner of the Hacienda of La Solana in order to occupy a small tract of land.

On October 8, 1820, the regidor of Santa Rosa, Captain Antonio Ramón de Güemes, called elections to choose the 17 electors of the members of the first "Ayuntamiento", according to the Constitution of Cadiz. They were held on October 22, 1820, when the village had a population between seven and eight thousand people. On December 24, 1821 the second Ayuntamiento is elected, and on May 5, 1822, the mayor recognizes the independence of Mexico. The Constitutions of 1825, 1869 and 1879 recognize the settlement as a municipality.

In June 1871, the Ayuntamiento asks Ignacio Timoteo Fernández de Jáuregui, owner of the Hacienda of Juriquilla, to sell some land to the municipality, but instead he decided to donate. This enabled the proper foundation of the village, and engineer Mariano Reyes drew the plans of the streets and squares of the new settlement. Hence, in September of that year, the surname of Jáuregui is added to the name of Santa Rosa.

On January 7, 1914, Governor Teodoro Elizondo decrees that Querétaro shall be divided in 18 municipalities, and Santa Rosa becomes a borough of Querétaro. This would be ratified on August 31, 1916, by Governor Federico Montes. However, Governor Ramón Anaya signed Law 51 on May 20, 1931, that gave the status of municipality back to Santa Rosa. This law would be derogated on January 7, 1932 by Governor Saturnino Osornio, and this is the first official document where the village is referred to as "de Jáuregui".

The church of Santa Rosa de Lima was concluded during the Porfiriato, and the village remained a calm place, up to the development of the Provincia Juriquilla project.

Settlements

Santa Rosa - Juriquilla Urban Nucleus

The southern end of the borough, 17 km north of the city of Querétaro, is considered its urban nucleus. Santa Rosa, and the smaller villages of Montenegro and La Solana on the east form the core of this area, together with the suburb of Juriquilla. This area will see rapid growth in the coming years.

 Acequia Blanca (463)
 Juriquilla (8,362)
 La Solana (3,500)
 Montenegro (3,602)
 Nuevo Juriquilla (541)
 Real de Juriquila (175)
 Santa Rosa Jáuregui (16,966)

Rural Communities

There are 53 settlements in the borough, some of which are:

|-valign="top"
|
 Buenavista (3,935)
 Casa Blanca (819)
 Cerro Colorado (400)
 Cerro de la Cruz (913)
 Charape de los Pelones (248)
 Charape de la Joya (101)
 Corea (792)
 El Herrero (76)
 El Madroño
 El Rincón
 El Saucito
 El Salto
 El Tajo
 Estancia de la Rochera (594)
 Jofre (685)
 Jofrito (1,635)
 La Barreta (1,102)
 La Cañada
 La Carbonera (529)
 La Estacada (1,762)
 La Estancia de Palo Dulce (131)
 La Gotera (3,196)
 La Huerta
 La Joya (191)
 La Luz (1,418)
|
 La Monja (981)
 La Palma (550)
 La Puerta de Santiaguillo (29)
 La Tinaja de la Estancia (570)
 La Versolilla (1,713)
 Las Piletas
 Llano de la Rochera (120)
 Loma del Chino (354)
 Ojo de Agua (632)
 Palo Alto (1,246)
 Pie de Gallo (3,581)
 Pintillo (868)
 Pinto (1,155)
 Presa de Becerra (381)
 Presita de San Antonio (41)
 Puerto de Aguirre (2,263)
 Rancho Largo (495)
 Rincón de Ojo de Agua
 San Isidro Buenavista (1,349)
 San Isidro el Viejo (211)
 San José Buenavista (1,262)
 San Miguelito (2,560)
 Santa Catarina (1,673)
 Tinajitas

References

Populated places in Querétaro


Waitoki is a locality in the Rodney District of New Zealand. Wainui is approximately 5.5 kilometres to the north-east, Kaukapakapa 6.5 km to the north-west, and Dairy Flat 10 km to the south-east. The Wainui Stream joins the Waitoki Stream just to the north-east of the locality. The stream flows west into the Kaukapakapa River.

Demographics
Waitoki statistical area covers  south and east of the settlement and had an estimated population of  as of  with a population density of  people per km2.

Waitoki had a population of 1,530 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 210 people (15.9%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 252 people (19.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 507 households, comprising 762 males and 768 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.99 males per female. The median age was 42.8 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 300 people (19.6%) aged under 15 years, 303 (19.8%) aged 15 to 29, 750 (49.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 177 (11.6%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 94.1% European/Pākehā, 7.5% Māori, 1.2% Pacific peoples, 3.1% Asian, and 1.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 23.7, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 59.2% had no religion, 30.2% were Christian, 0.2% were Hindu, 0.4% were Buddhist and 2.4% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 273 (22.2%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 153 (12.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $42,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 348 people (28.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 654 (53.2%) people were employed full-time, 252 (20.5%) were part-time, and 27 (2.2%) were unemployed.

Education
Waitoki School is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8) school with a roll of  students as of  The school opened in 1924 and celebrated its 75th anniversary in 1999.

Notes

Rodney Local Board Area
Populated places in the Auckland Region


Space vector modulation (SVM) is an algorithm for the control of pulse-width modulation (PWM). It is used for the creation of alternating current (AC) waveforms; most commonly to drive 3 phase AC powered motors at varying speeds from DC using multiple class-D amplifiers. There are variations of SVM that result in different quality and computational requirements. One active area of development is in the reduction of total harmonic distortion (THD) created by the rapid switching inherent to these algorithms.

Principle

A three-phase inverter as shown to the right converts a DC supply, via a series of switches, to three output legs which could be connected to a three-phase motor.

The switches must be controlled so that at no time are both switches in the same leg turned on or else the DC supply would be shorted. This requirement may be met by the complementary operation of the switches within a leg. i.e. if A+ is on then A− is off and vice versa. This leads to eight possible switching vectors for the inverter, V0 through V7 with six active switching vectors and two zero vectors.

Note that looking down the columns for the active switching vectors V1-6, the output voltages vary as a pulsed sinusoid, with each leg offset by 120 degrees of phase angle.

To implement space vector modulation, a reference signal Vref is sampled with a frequency fs (Ts = 1/fs). The reference signal may be generated from three separate phase references using the  transform. The reference vector is then synthesized using a combination of the two adjacent active switching vectors and one or both of the zero vectors. Various strategies of selecting the order of the vectors and which zero vector(s) to use exist. Strategy selection will affect the harmonic content and the .

More complicated SVM strategies for the unbalanced operation of four-leg three-phase inverters do exist. In these strategies the switching vectors define a 3D shape (a hexagonal prism in  coordinates or a dodecahedron in abc coordinates) rather than a 2D hexagon. General SVM techniques are also available for converters with any number of legs and levels.

See also
 αβγ transform
 Inverter (electrical)
 pulse-width modulation

References

Electrical engineering
Control theory


The Mokelumne Wilderness is a  federally designated wilderness area located  east of Sacramento, California.  It is within the boundaries of three national forests: Stanislaus, Eldorado and Toiyabe. First protected under the Wilderness Act of 1964, the Mokelumne's borders were expanded under the California Wilderness Act of 1984 with the addition of 55,000 acres. The wilderness takes its name from the Mokelumne River, which was named after a Mi-wok Indian village located on the  riverbank in California's Central Valley.

The wilderness encompasses an area of the Sierra Nevada mountain range between Ebbetts Pass and Carson Pass. There are two sections separated by the Blue Lakes Road and an Off-Road Vehicle corridor.

Elevations range from  to .  The highest point is Round Top (10,364 feet), a remnant volcano from which the wilderness area's volcanic soils are derived.

Landscape, flora and fauna
The west slopes have been eroded by glaciation and water down to the granite bedrock which has created a dramatic contrast between the volcanic and the granitic landscapes.

The wilderness protects habitat for a great variety of plants and animals especially on the slopes of Round Top, which is designated a special interest area.  Plants include Ponderosa pine, canyon live oak as well as alpine vegetation of Whitebark pine, subalpine fir, and western juniper, with western white pine, mountain hemlock, and lodgepole pine found in sheltered areas.
Waterways such as the North Fork of the Mokelumne River have riparian zones of white and mountain alder,  creek dogwood, western azalea and bitter cherry.
Wildlife include the black bear and mule deer, as well as martin, bald eagle and the California spotted owl.

Areas of special interest
The Round Top Botanical Area is at the junction of three botanical provinces and includes red fir forest, sagebrush scrub, subalpine and alpine environments. The combination of soil types, varying exposure and elevations produce diverse plant life, such as the phantom orchid (Cephalanthera austiniae), a rare parasitic plant. The plant's common name is due to its color being all or mostly white.

The Round Top Geologic Area has more than  within the wilderness and encompasses a variety of geological  areas, including exposed granodiorite, lava flows, dikes, glacial moraines and cirques. The landform known as Elephants Back is a rounded mass of solidified lava. Mineralization produced gold-bearing quartz veins, and relics of past gold mining activities are still present in the area.

Climate

Mountain Peaks
There are several mountains in the wilderness including these named peaks:
 Round Top (10,381 ft)
 The Sisters (10,153 ft and 10,045 ft)
 Raymond Peak (10,014 ft)
 Deadwood Peak (9,846 ft)
 Melissa Coray Peak (9,763 ft)
 Reynolds Peak (9,679 ft)
 Little Round Top (9,590 ft)
 Elephants Back (9,585 ft)
 Fourth of July Peak (9,537 ft)
 Markleeville Peak (9,415 ft)
 Mokelumne Peak (9,334 ft)
 Da-ek Dow Go-et Mountain (formerly Jeff Davis Peak) (9,065 ft)
 Black Butte (9,013 ft)
 Thornburg Peak (8,636 ft)

This is not a complete list and only includes non-numbered named peaks above 8,600 ft elevation in the wilderness.

Recreation

The Mokelumne Wilderness has a variety of recreational opportunities all year.  With landscapes ranging from deep canyons to alpine heights and more than two hundred ice-scoured lakes and tarns, fishing and hiking are popular activities as well as cross country skiing. Access is from roads surrounding the wilderness boundary with Carson Pass being the most used entry point.
The Pacific Crest Trail, the Tahoe–Yosemite Trail and the Emigrant Summit Trail all cross through the Mokelumne Wilderness. The Emigrant Summit Trail is a designated National Recreation and Historic Trail that follows the western boundary and then passes through the wilderness from Emigrant Valley to Caples Lake.

Wilderness permits are required year-round for overnight visits.

Footnotes

References
Eldorado National Forest Interpretive Association website.  accessed July 30, 2009

Adkinson, Ron Wild Northern California. The Globe Pequot Press, 2001

External links

  Eldorado National Forest: Mokelumne Wilderness webpage
 Stanislaus National Forest: Mokelumne Wilderness webpage
 Wilderness.net: Mokelumne Wilderness webpage

Wilderness areas of California
Protected areas of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Eldorado National Forest
Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest
Stanislaus National Forest
Protected areas of Alpine County, California
Protected areas of Amador County, California
Protected areas of Calaveras County, California
Protected areas established in 1964
1964 establishments in California
IUCN Category Ib


The 1993 Scottish Cup final was played between Rangers and Aberdeen at Celtic Park on 29 May 1993. Owing to ground reconstruction at Hampden Park, the fixture was played at another stadium for the first time since 1924.

Rangers won the match 2–1, thereby securing a domestic treble. Rangers' scorers were Mark Hateley, scoring in his second consecutive Scottish Cup final, and Neil Murray. Lee Richardson scored Aberdeen's goal.

Match details

References

See also
 Aberdeen F.C.–Rangers F.C. rivalry

1993
Cup Final
Scottish Cup Final 1993
Scottish Cup Final 1993
20th century in Glasgow


The 1988 Scottish Cup Final was played between Celtic and Dundee United at Hampden Park on 14 May 1988. Celtic had reached the final after coming from behind to defeat Hearts 2-1 in the semi-final, while Dundee United had defeated Aberdeen 1-0 in their semi-final after two replays.

Celtic won 2–1, with Frank McAvennie scoring both of their goals. They had been 1-0 down after Kevin Gallacher put Dundee United ahead, only for McAvennie to score a late equaliser and then a winner with a low right foot shot at the back post after a corner to complete the double for Celtic, who were already Premier Division champions.

The guest of honour was British prime minister Margaret Thatcher, who attended the match in an effort to improve her dismal popularity in Scotland. Expecting a negative reaction to the sight of players shaking the prime minister's hand, the traditional receiving line was moved to a snooker room in the halls of Hampden. Even still, several staffers and players from both teams (including Mick McCarthy, the son of Yorkshire miners) refused to meet or acknowledge Thatcher, and she was greeted by supporters of both teams by a wave of red cards. As she took her seat, thousands of supporters of both teams sang "you can stick your poll tax up your arse".

Match

Report
After a goalless first half, Kevin Gallacher opened the scoring for Dundee United a few minutes after halftime. Gallacher outpaced Celtic's Roy Aitken to a ball which had been headed forward by Eamonn Bannon and shot passed Celtic's goalkeeper Allen McKnight, who was in the team due to an injury to Celtic's regular goalie Packie Bonner. Shortly afterwards United failed to take the opportunity to increase their lead when Bannon missed two good opportunities. This proved costly when Frank McAvennie equalised for Celtic. McAvennie then scored the winner with 50 seconds of play remaining.

The defeat meant that United had now lost all five Scottish Cup finals that they had played in. The scoreline and pattern of the match was noted by reporter Jim Traynor for being similar to the 1985 final when Celtic had also defeated United. Traynor suggested that for Dundee United the 1988 final was like a 're-run of a bad movie'.

Details

References

1988
Cup Final
Scottish Cup Final 1988
Scottish Cup Final 1988
20th century in Glasgow


Julia Frances McHugh Morton (April 25, 1912 – September 10, 1996) was an American author and botanist.  She was research professor of biology, and director of the Morton Collectanea at the University of Miami. She was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London in 1974. Well known as a lecturer on toxic, edible and otherwise useful plants, she wrote 10 books and 94 scientific papers, and contributed to an additional 12 books and 27 papers.

Early life
Morton was born Julia Francis McHugh, on April 25, 1912 in Middlebury, Vermont, and grew up on a  farm in rural Vermont where she was interested in agriculture, the outdoors, and natural resources. At the age of 15, her mother and sister died, and she went to New York City to live with her brother. She worked as a commercial artist for several years and married Kendal Paul Morton (1897–1964), a Canadian. By 1933 they had begun work on collating information on food, medicinal, and other
useful plants. They assembled copies or clippings of existing material and filed it away in file cabinets. They housed this compilation in an office near the New York Public Library, and it soon became known as The Morton Collectanea in academia.

The war and the first publication

When World War II started, the Mortons returned to Canada, where Kendal planned to enter military service and edit a military camp newspaper.  However he failed his physical examination due to a heart murmur, and was exempted from service. Rather than remain in Canada or the US as civilians, the Mortons chose to move to the Bahamas. They placed most of the Collectanea in storage, but took entries on tropical fruits with them to Nassau, believing them likely to be useful.

By consulting and adding to the files they brought with them to Nassau and by their studies of the plant life there, the Mortons prepared the manuscript and illustrations for their first publication, Fifty Tropical Fruits of Nassau. Julia proved to be an excellent photographer and photographically illustrated nearly all of her subsequent publications. The book of 101 pages was published in 1946. A contemporary review in Plant Physiology characterized it as "well recommended by qualified botanists" and calling it "richly illustrated" and "quite complete"

Life in Florida and further work
After the war ended the Mortons were invited to work at the Subtropical Experimental Station in Homestead, Florida in association with George Ruehle and Dr. Bruce Ledin. Working with Ledin they produced the manuscript for the book 400 Plants of South Florida. Their work came to the attention of the president of the University of Miami, Bowman Foster Ashe, who offered them positions as professors at the Coral Gables campus.

Julia Morton along with her husband Kendal were among the founders of the original Rare Fruit Council, which was founded on March 11, 1955, in Miami. This "Tropical Fruit Study Group" was named Rare Fruit Council by Julia Morton after the group's initial meeting.

President Ashe approved setting up the Collectanea at the new campus, and with the aid of professor Taylor Alexander, the files were installed in a new, more spacious location, and students employed to select and organize new material. This allowed the Collectanea to be expanded, and visiting scholars had room to work and free access to the material. By 1996 the Collectanea had grown to 500 file drawers and included approximately 15,000 species, but remained a manually collated and indexed resource.

Although their initial work was on edible plants, their area of interest increased to cover poisonous plants as well as useful ones, both edible and ornamental. Additional books were published, and a suggestion that Julia's plant photographs were suitable for charts inspired the creation of two wall posters of "Plants Poisonous to People," one focusing on internally poisonous plants, and the other on skin and respirator irritants.

Kendal Morton died in 1964, according to her book 500 Plants of South Florida 1974, but Julia  continued their research and field work. Morton did research into use of plants in the treatment of cancer in the West Indies at the behest of the National Cancer Institute. She also did research into edible plants to aid in survival situations in the Philippines and Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War, and wrote survival instructions for troops. Morton also conducted surveys of cashew and other edible nut plantations in Venezuela, Colombia and Peru.

Morton became known as an expert on plant poisonings and was often consulted by local authorities. She offered advice and worked to educate the public. Lawrence Kaplan, an emeritus professor of botany at the University of Massachusetts Boston and editor of the journal of the Society for Economic Botany, which Mrs. Morton helped found, said "She was the poison plant center in South Florida". Starting in 1954 when she began consulting for them, the Poison Control Center referred most plant poison calls to her. Although she received an honorary doctorate from Florida State University in 1973, she never formally attended college.

Morton continued to write, lecture, and answer inquiries at the Collectanea even after retiring. She retired from teaching in 1993, after being a University of Miami professor for about four decades. She was critically injured in an automobile accident on August 28, 1996, and died on September 10, 1996.

Partial list of publications
This is a representative list rather than an exhaustive one:
 Fifty Tropical Fruits of Nassau (1946)
 400 Plants of South Florida (1949)
 Some Useful and Ornamental Plants of the Caribbean Gardens (Botanical gardens, 1955)
 The Mamey (Florida State Horticultural Society, 1962)
 Wild Plants for Survival in South Florida (Hurricane House, 1962)
 Plants Poisonous to People (Hurricane House, 1971)
 Exotic Plants (1973) translated into French as Plantes exotiques
 Folk Remedies of the Low Countries (1974)
 The Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America (C.C. Thomas, 1981).
 Fruits of Warm Climates (1987) (online)
 Herbs and spices. New York: Golden Press, 1976

Honors
 Research Professor of Biology and Director of the Morton Collectanea, University of Miami
 Florida State University honorary doctorate for her research and writings for the National Institutes of Health and the US Department of Defense, 1973.
 Elected Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, 1974.
 Named the first Distinguished Economic Botanist by the international Society for Economic Botany, 1978.
 Served as President of the Florida State Horticultural Society, 1979.

References

Economic botanists
1912 births
1996 deaths
20th-century American women writers
American women botanists
American botanists
Fellows of the Linnean Society of London
People from Middlebury, Vermont
20th-century American botanists
20th-century American women scientists
University of Miami faculty


First Impressions is a compilation album by Australian singer Olivia Newton-John, released in 1974 on the EMI label. The collection presents the main hits of the singer, recorded from 1971 to 1974 – songs from the first three studio albums and the compilation If You Love Me, Let Me Know.

In Japan, the album was released under the title Let Me Be There and the same cover as on the original album. In Australia and New Zealand, the album was released by Interfusion Records under the title Great Hits! First Impressions and with a modified tracklist (songs from the album Long Live Love were added).

Track listing

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links

1974 compilation albums
Olivia Newton-John compilation albums
Albums produced by John Farrar
EMI Records compilation albums


Gregory Mark Sainsbury (born 1956) is a New Zealand journalist and broadcaster. He hosted Close Up on TVNZ's TV ONE until the show was axed on 30 November 2012. Previously he was the political editor for ONE News. In February 2016, he replaced Sean Plunket as weekday morning host on Radio Live, until the station closed down and ceased operating in January 2019.

Sainsbury grew up in Upper Hutt. He lives in Wellington with his wife Ramona who has a law practice. They have adult children who are twins. After school, Sainsbury started studying towards a law degree but did not finish it.

He won the 2007 Best Presenter Qantas Media Award for fronting Close Up, and moderated the live leaders debate for the 2008 New Zealand general election.

The Sunday Star-Times has described his moustache as "arguably the most famous in the country".

See also
 List of New Zealand television personalities

References

External links
 Mark Sainsbury at TVNZ

1956 births
Living people
New Zealand television presenters
Radio Live


Pao Chouk Saw is the story of a girl who was once an angel and later became a human for a particular reason. In order to return to her sisters as an angel again, she has to live in the human world with regular human beings for 17 whole months. She then ends up falling in love with a regular guy. But soon he has to leave her behind for a war without knowing that she is actually an angel taking form of a human being and that she can change back to an angel any time soon after he leaves for the war. He leaves having no idea that once he return from war, she may be gone forever.

Cast
 Chjea Yuton
 Dy Saveth
 Mandoline

Soundtrack
The film soundtrack consists of two notable tracks by Sinn Sisamouth and Ros Sereysothea:
 "Kgeng Ttao Kgeng Ttao" by Ros Serey Sothea
 "Neavea Chjeevit" by Sinn Si Samouth

References

Cambodian drama films
Khmer-language films
1967 films


Got Friends is the second EP from indie rock band The Jealous Sound, digitally released on October 14, 2008. There has not yet been a physical release.

According to a blog post on The Village Voice's website, The Jealous Sound broke up in 2005, and the songs on the Got Friends EP are "the last shreds of material recorded before lead singer Blair Shehan went crazy and more or less disappeared."

Track listing
 "Got Friends" - 3:24
 "Turning Around" - 3:59
 "Broad Shoulders" - 5:01
 "Got Friends" (Figurine Remix) - 4:13
 "Got Friends" (J. McGinnis Remix) - 4:24

References

External links
Amazon.com: Got Friends

The Jealous Sound albums
2008 albums


Correlation attacks are a class of cryptographic known-plaintext attacks for breaking stream ciphers whose keystreams are generated by combining the output of several linear-feedback shift registers (LFSRs) using a Boolean function. Correlation attacks exploit a statistical weakness that arises from the specific Boolean function chosen for the keystream. While some Boolean functions are vulnerable to correlation attacks, stream ciphers generated using such functions are not inherently insecure.

Explanation

Correlation attacks become possible when a significant correlation exists between the output state of an individual LFSR in the keystream generator and the output of the Boolean function that combines the output states of all the LFSRs. These attacks are employed in combination with partial knowledge of the keystream, which is derived from partial knowledge of the plaintext. The two are then compared using an XOR logic gate. This vulnerability allows an attacker to brute-force the key for the individual LFSR and the rest of the system separately. For instance, in a keystream generator where four 8-bit LFSRs are combined to produce the keystream, and if one of the registers is correlated to the Boolean function output, it becomes possible to brute force it first, followed by the remaining three LFSRs. As a result, the total attack complexity becomes 28 + 224.

Compared to the cost of launching a brute-force attack on the entire system, with complexity 232, this represents an attack effort saving factor of just under 256. If a second register is correlated with the function, the process may be repeated and decrease the attack complexity down to 28 + 28 + 216 for an effort saving factor of just under 65028.

Example

Geffe generator

One example is the Geffe generator, which consists of three LFSRs: LFSR-1, LFSR-2, and LFSR-3. Let these registers be denoted as: , , and , respectively. Then, the Boolean function combining the three registers to provide the generator output is given by  (i.e. ( AND ) XOR (NOT  AND )). There are 23 = 8 possible values for the outputs of the three registers, and the value of this combining function for each of them is shown in the table below:

Consider the output of the third register, . The table above shows that of the 8 possible outputs of , 6 are equal to the corresponding value of the generator output, . In 75% of all possible cases, . Thus LFSR-3 is 'correlated' with the generator. This is a weakness that may be exploited as follows:

An interception can be made on the cipher text  of a plain text  which has been encrypted by a stream cipher using a Geffe generator as its keystream generator, i.e.  for , where  is the output of LFSR-1 at time , etc. It's also possible that part of the plain text, e.g. , the first 32 bits of the plaintext (corresponding to 4 ASCII characters of text). This is not entirely improbable considering plain text is a valid XML file, for instance, the first 4 ASCII characters must be "<xml". Similarly, many file formats or network protocols have very standard headers or footers. Given the intercepted  and our known/guessed , we may easily find  for  by XOR-ing the two together. This makes the 32 consecutive bits of the generator output easy to determine.

This enables a brute-force search of the space of possible keys (initial values) for LFSR-3 (assuming we know the tapped bits of LFSR-3, an assumption which is in line with Kerckhoffs' principle). For any given key in the key space, we may quickly generate the first 32 bits of LFSR-3's output and compare these to our recovered 32 bits of the entire generator's output. Because we have established earlier that there is a 75% correlation between the output of LFSR-3 and the generator, we know we have correctly guessed the key for LFSR-3 if approximately 24 of the first 32 bits of LFSR-3 output will match up with the corresponding bits of generator output. If we have guessed incorrectly, we should expect roughly half, or 16, of the first 32 bits of these two sequences to match. Thus we may recover the key for LFSR-3 independently of the keys of LFSR-1 and LFSR-2. At this stage we have reduced the problem of brute forcing a system of 3 LFSRs to the problem of brute forcing a single LFSR and then a system of 2 LFSRs. The amount of effort saved here depends on the length of the LFSRs. For realistic values, it is a very substantial saving and can make brute-force attacks very practical.

Observe in the table above that  also agrees with the generator output 6 times out of 8, again a correlation of 75% correlation between  and the generator output. We may begin a brute force attack against LFSR-2 independently of the keys of LFSR-1 and LFSR-3, leaving only LFSR-1 unbroken. Thus, we are able to break the Geffe generator with as much effort as required to brute force 3 entirely independent LFSRs. This means the Geffe generator is a very weak generator and should never be used to generate stream cipher keystreams.

Note from the table above that  agrees with the generator output 4 times out of 8—a 50% correlation. We cannot use this to brute force LFSR-1 independently of the others: the correct key will yield output that agrees with the generator output 50% of the time, but on average so will an incorrect key. This represents the ideal situation from a security perspective—the combining function  should be chosen so the correlation between each variable and the combining function's output is as close as possible to 50%. In practice, it may be difficult to find a function that achieves this without sacrificing other design criteria, e.g., period length, so a compromise may be necessary.

Clarifying the statistical nature of the attack

While the above example illustrates well the relatively simple concepts behind correlation attacks, it perhaps simplifies the explanation of precisely how the brute forcing of individual LFSRs proceeds. Incorrectly guessed keys will generate LFSR output that agrees with the generator output roughly 50% of the time because, given two random bit sequences of a given length, the probability of agreement between the sequences at any particular bit is 0.5. However, specific individual incorrect keys may well generate LFSR output that agrees with the generator output more or less often than exactly 50% of the time. This is particularly salient in the case of LFSRs whose correlation with the generator is not especially strong; for small enough correlations, it is certainly not outside the realm of possibility that an incorrectly guessed key will also lead to LFSR output that agrees with the desired number of bits of the generator output. Thus, it may not be possible to identify the unique key to that LFSR. It may be possible to identify a number of potential keys, however, which is still a significant breach of the cipher's security. Moreover, given a megabyte of known plain text, the situation would be substantially different. An incorrect key may generate LFSR output that agrees with more than 512 kilobytes of the generator output but is not likely to generate output that agrees with as much as 768 kilobytes of the generator output as a correctly guessed key would. As a rule, the weaker the correlation between an individual register and the generator output, the more known plain text is required to find that register's key with a high degree of confidence. Estimates of the length of known plain text required for a given correlation can be calculated using the binomial distribution.

Higher order correlations

Definition

The correlations which were exploited in the example attack on the Geoff generator are examples of what are called first order correlations: they are correlations between the value of the generator output and an individual LFSR. It is possible to define higher-order correlations in addition to these. For instance, it may be possible that while a given Boolean function has no strong correlations with any of the individual registers it combines, a significant correlation may exist between some Boolean function of two of the registers, e.g., . This would be an example of a second order correlation. Third order correlations and higher can be defined in this way.

Higher-order correlation attacks can be more powerful than single-order correlation attacks, however, this effect is subject to a "law of limiting returns". The table below shows a measure of the computational cost for various attacks on a keystream generator consisting of eight 8-bit LFSRs combined by a single Boolean function. Understanding the calculation of cost is relatively straightforward: the leftmost term of the sum represents the size of the key space for the correlated generators, and the rightmost term represents the size of the key space for the remaining generators.

While higher-order correlations lead to more powerful attacks, they are also more difficult to find, as the space of available Boolean functions to correlate against the generator output increases as the number of arguments to the function does.

Terminology

A Boolean function  of  variables is said to be "-th order correlation immune", or to have "th order correlation immunity" for some integer , if no significant correlation exists between the function's output and any Boolean function of  of its inputs. For example, a Boolean function that has no first-order or second-order correlations, but which does have a third-order correlation exhibits 2nd order correlation immunity. Obviously, higher correlation immunity makes a function more suitable for use in a keystream generator (although this is not the only thing that needs to be considered).

Siegenthaler showed that the correlation immunity  of a Boolean function of algebraic degree  of  variables satisfies ; for a given set of input variables, this means that a high algebraic degree will restrict the maximum possible correlation immunity. Furthermore, if the function is balanced then .

It follows that it is impossible for a function of  variables to be th order correlation immune. This also follows from the fact that any such function can be written using a Reed-Muller basis as a combination of XORs of the input functions.

Cipher design implications

Given the probable extreme severity of a correlation attack's impact on a stream cipher's security, it should be essential to test a candidate Boolean combination function for correlation immunity before deciding to use it in a stream cipher. However, it is important to note that high correlation immunity is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for a Boolean function to be appropriate for use in a keystream generator. There are other issues to consider, for example, whether or not the function is balanced - whether it outputs as many or roughly as many 1's as it does 0's when all possible inputs are considered.

Research has been conducted into methods for easily generating Boolean functions of a given size which are guaranteed to have at least some particular order of correlation immunity. This research has uncovered links between correlation immune Boolean functions and error correcting codes.

See also
 Topics in cryptography

References
 Bruce Schneier. Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms and Source Code in C, Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1996. . Page 382 of section 16.4: Stream Ciphers Using LFSRs.

External links
 The Online Database of Boolean Functions allows visitors to search a database of Boolean factors in several ways, including by correlation immunity.

Cryptographic attacks


Celebrity Juice was a British television comedy panel game broadcast on ITV2 between 24 September 2008 and 15 December 2022. The show was written and presented by Leigh Francis in the role of his alter ego Keith Lemon. The format for the series was first suggested in 2007, after the final series of Francis’s Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta!. ITV approached him to create a show featuring Lemon, and after the success of the five-part series Keith Lemon's Very Brilliant World Tour, the channel commissioned Celebrity Juice. The original premise of the show was to see which team knows most about the week's tabloid news stories, although later series focus more on the comedy factor of the participating celebrity guests and games involving them, rather than discussing the week's news.

Fearne Cotton and Holly Willoughby were the show's original team captains. In December 2018, Cotton announced that she would leave the series after ten years in order to pursue other projects. She was replaced by Paddy McGuinness, though he left after one series and was replaced by Mel B. On 4 May 2020, Willoughby revealed her decision to quit the series after 12 years on the show. She made her final appearance as team captain at the end of the 23rd series. Mel B also departed at the end of series 23. On 10 September 2020, it was announced that Laura Whitmore and Emily Atack had joined the show as team captains. On 29 March 2021, it was announced that Maya Jama had joined the show as a regular panellist. In December 2021, Celebrity Juice became one of three shows by Francis to get recommissioned for 2022, along with ITV2's Shopping with Keith Lemon and the E4/Channel 4 mockumentary series, The Holden Girls: Mandy & Myrtle.

On 29 June 2022, it was announced that Celebrity Juice had been cancelled by ITV; the series concluded with two specials which aired on 8 and 15 December 2022.

Production

Celebrity Juice was filmed at the Riverside Studios from 2008 until 2014. In August 2014 it was announced that the show, along with the BBC's Never Mind the Buzzcocks and Sweat the Small Stuff, would be hosted at Elstree Studios Stage 9 whilst redevelopment takes place at their former home. For its first seven series, the show was produced by Talkback Thames, and it has been produced by Talkback since series eight (Same production company, only re-branded). The show is produced by Dan Baldwin and Leon Wilson.

Transmissions

Merchandise
 A Celebrity Juice calendar was released by Danilo Promotions (22 September 2012), it features 68 pages of classic moments from the show.
 A Celebrity Juice book was released by Orion (26 September 2013). It features 160 pages and was published on a hardback format and kindle version.

Home media

DVD and Blu-ray releases

Online
 Celebrity Juice was previously released on Netflix, although only selected episodes from series seven were available
 On iTunes Series 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and aired episodes from Series 12 as well as Too Juicy for TV.

Reception

Critical reception
In 2009, 2010 and 2011, the show was voted "Worst British TV Panel Show" in the British Comedy Guide's annual awards. In 2011, the show won the Best Entertainment Show Award at the TV Choice Awards and in 2012, it won an National Television Award for Best Comedy Panel Show and a BAFTA Award for the Best YouTube Audience.

Awards

References

External links

 Celebrity Juice Videos

2008 British television series debuts
2022 British television series endings
2000s British comedy television series
2010s British comedy television series
2020s British comedy television series
2000s British game shows
2010s British game shows
2020s British game shows
ITV comedy
ITV panel games
Television series by Fremantle (company)
English-language television shows
Television series featuring gunge
Television shows shot at BBC Elstree Centre
Television shows shot at Elstree Film Studios


David Nikki Crouse (born 1971 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a short story writer and teacher. Crouse's work explores issues of identity and alienation, and their stories are populated with characters living on the fringes of American society. The Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction was awarded to them in 2005 for their first collection of short stories, Copy Cats. Published in 2008, their most recent collection of stories, The Man Back There, was awarded the Mary McCarthy Prize.

They have been published extensively in the literary journal circuit, with stories appearing in The Greensboro Review, Chelsea, Quarterly West, and The Beloit Fiction Journal. With a collection of three novellas entitled Continuity nearing completion, they have begun work on his first novel.

Having helped to establish a creative writing program at Chester College of New England, a renowned liberal arts college located in Chester, New Hampshire, Crouse returned to the University of Alaska Fairbanks, which awarded them their MFA in Creative Writing in 1996. They continue to teach creative writing at both the undergraduate and graduate level.

They have written in the comic book genre, with their work appearing in The Darkhorse Book of the Dead, (Darkhorse Comics).

Books by David Nikki Crouse

Copy Cats (2005)

The Man Back There (2008)

References

External links
 David Nikki Crouse official site
 University of Alaska Fairbanks English Department’s official site
 University of Washington English Department's official site

1971 births
Writers from Boston
American short story writers
University of Alaska Fairbanks alumni
Living people
People with non-binary gender identities
Transgender non-binary people
American non-binary people
Non-binary writers


Sir Walter Balfour Barttelot, 3rd Baronet, DSO (22 March 1880 – 23 October 1918) was of the Barttelot Baronetcy and grandson of Sir Walter Barttelot, 1st Baronet. The Barttelots resided at "At Ford", in the parish of Stopham Sussex.

Early life and military career
Barttelot was born at The Manor, Sidmouth on 22 March 1880.  He was educated at Fonthill, East Grinstead and Eton College.

He then attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion, Dorsetshire Regiment on 6 December 1899. The regiment was stationed in South Africa, so he was involved throughout the Second Boer War, part of the time he was an Aide de Camp to General Talbot Coke, and he also served as a staff officer to Colonel Williams, who commanded a Mounted Infantry Column. He succeeded to the title of 3rd Baronet Barttelot, on 23 July 1900, after his father, Sir Walter George Barttelot, 2nd Baronet, was killed in action during the Boer War. He transferred to the 1st Battalion, Coldstream Guards on 12 February 1901, returning to the United Kingdom with them in October 1902. The 3rd baronet received the Queen's South Africa Medal with six clasps and the King's South Africa Medal with two. He married Gladys St. Aubyn Angove, daughter of William Collier Angove, on 17 November 1903.

He was promoted to lieutenant on 9 November 1903, and to captain on 18 May 1910. He served in Egypt from 1906 to 1908, and from 27 June 1911 he was Aide de camp, and from 12 August 1913 to 14 October 1914, Military Secretary to Lord Denman the Governor-General of Australia.

First World War
With the outbreak of the First World War, Barttelot initially served in France with the 4th (Reserve) Battalion Coldstream Guards, from 12 August 1914, where he was wounded at the Battle of the Aisne and also awarded the French Croix de Guerre. He was then appointed a General Staff Officer, Grade III on 11 February 1915 and was concerned with coastal defence around Portland, and served in the ill-fated Gallipoli campaign from July 1915, where he was promoted major on 1 September 1915. He was appointed a brigade major on 11 January 1916, for the Mesopotamian campaign. He was appointed to the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) on 22 December 1916, and appointed GSO, Grade II from 11 September 1917. and was Military Attaché to Tehran from 17 March 1918 with temporary promotion to lieutenant-colonel whilst performing those duties. He was awarded a brevet promotion to lieutenant-colonel for his service in Mesopotamia on 3 June 1918, and was killed, (aged 38) on 23 October 1918 in Tehran, Persia and was buried in the Tehran War Cemetery. In addition to his DSO, he had also been Mentioned in Despatches four times.

He had come to know Gertrude Bell during his time in Tehran, and in a letter to her mother on 25 October 1918, she wrote:

Family
Barttelot was survived by his wife and two sons. The eldest son, Sir Walter de Stopham Barttelot, 4th Baronet, was killed in action as a brigadier on 16 August 1944, in Normandy during Operation Overlord during the Second World War. Barttelot was commemorated with memorial services in Stopham Parish Church on 9 November 1918, and at Holy Trinity Brompton on 11 November. His widow remarried, to Commander N. W. Diggle CMG, Naval Attaché in Rome, on 30 April 1920.

Barttelot's brother, Lieutenant-Commander Nigel Kenneth Walter Barttelot, had been killed in the early days of World War I, whilst commanding the destroyer HMS Liberty during the Battle of Heligoland Bight.

Legacy
Barttelot Road, in Horsham West Sussex, takes its name from the family.

References

1880 births
1918 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
People educated at Eton College
Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
Dorset Regiment officers
Coldstream Guards officers
British military personnel killed in World War I
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
People from Sidmouth
British Army personnel of World War I
Military personnel from Devon
Conservative Party (UK) parliamentary candidates


Tucker's Witch is a comedy-detective series that aired on CBS television from October 6 to November 10, 1982, and again sporadically from March 31 to June 9, 1983. It stars Tim Matheson and Catherine Hicks as a charming married couple, Rick and Amanda Tucker, who own and operate a private detective agency in Laurel Canyon in Los Angeles. Amanda is a witch who possesses psychic and other powers that help the agency solve cases.  However, as Amanda is often not in full control of her powers, her witchly exploits also often lead the couple into trouble.

Also in the cast were Bill Morey as the Tuckers' grumpy (but ultimately friendly) police contact Lt. Fisk; Alfre Woodard as the Tuckers' efficient administrative assistant Marcia; and Barbara Barrie as Amanda's cheerful widowed mother Ellen, a herbalist and healer who often visited the Tuckers.  Amanda inherited her powers not from Ellen, but from Ellen's deceased mother—witchly powers were said to skip a generation.

Amanda's beige-and-black blue-eyed cat (and familiar), seen prominently in the credits and most episodes, was named Dickens.

Pilot
The show's pilot was first filmed in early 1982 as The Good Witch of Laurel Canyon and starred Art Hindle and Kim Cattrall. In May 1982, CBS announced that the series had been picked up with that title and cast.

However, Cattrall's racy scene in the 1982 film Porky's reportedly caused CBS to demand her replacement. The show was retitled Tucker's Witch and the pilot was reshot with a new cast; Catherine Hicks replaced Cattrall and Tim Matheson was cast in Hindle's role (Hindle had also played a small role in Porky's). The original pilot never aired, but it is now available on the Amazon-owned IMDb TV streaming service along with the show's other episodes.

In a 1986 interview with the Toronto Star, Hindle spoke of his and Cattrall's departures from the series:

Broadcast history
Tucker's Witch aired at 10 p.m. Eastern on Wednesdays in its first run, and proved unable to compete with ABC's Dynasty and NBC's Quincy, M.E.. The show was placed on hiatus after six episodes had aired; months later, it was brought back to burn off the remaining episodes. The program was switched to Thursday for the second half of its run.

In later rebroadcasts on the USA Network, the program was retitled The Good Witch of Laurel Canyon, the series' original title.

The show was produced by Hill-Mandelker Films.

Cast
Tim Matheson as Rick Tucker
Catherine Hicks as Amanda Tucker
Bill Morey as Lt. Sean Fisk
Alfre Woodard as Marcia Fulbright
Barbara Barrie as Ellen Hobbes

Ratings

Episodes
The series pilot, in which Art Hindle and Kim Cattrall played Rick and Amanda, was never broadcast.

Ted Danson played an elevator killer in the premiere episode, which aired just one week after the premiere of Danson's Cheers. Others Tucker's Witch guest stars included Barry Corbin, Simon Oakland, Joe Penny and Noble Willingham.

Releases
The entire series, including the unaired first pilot, is available on the Amazon-owned IMDb TV streaming service.

References

External links

1980s American drama television series
1982 American television series debuts
1983 American television series endings
CBS original programming
Television shows set in Los Angeles
Laurel Canyon, Los Angeles
Television about magic
Witchcraft in television
Fictional occult and psychic detectives
Fictional paranormal investigators


The 1991 Scottish Cup Final was the 106th final of the Scottish Cup, Scottish football's most prestigious knockout association football competition. The match took place at Hampden Park on 18 May 1991 and was contested by Scottish Premier Division clubs Motherwell and Dundee United. It was both Motherwell's and Dundee United's 6th Scottish Cup Final and also the first time the clubs had met in a Scottish Cup Final. The match was dubbed the "family final", as the manager of both clubs were brothers, Tommy McLean and Jim McLean.

As Scottish Premier Division clubs, Motherwell and United both entered the competition in the third round. Neither club won all four of their ties at the first attempt, Dundee United requiring a replay to knock out Division Two club East Fife in the third round. United went on to defeat Division One clubs Airdrieonians and archrivals Dundee before eliminating Tayside derby rivals St Johnstone in the semi-finals. After winning against defending champions Aberdeen in the third round, Motherwell defeated Division One clubs Falkirk and Greenock Morton then the previous seasons runners-up, Celtic, in a replayed semi-final.

The match was both clubs' 6th appearance in the final. However, it was Motherwell's first appearance in 39 years whilst Dundee United had reached the final only three seasons beforehand. Motherwell had previously won only one final whilst Dundee United had lost on all previous final appearances.

Motherwell won the match 4–3 after extra time was played.  They took the lead when Iain Ferguson headed in just after 30 minutes had been played. In the second half, Dundee United equalized through Dave Bowman. Motherwell went back in front thanks to 18-year-old Phil O'Donnell and their lead was then extended to 3-1 by Ian Angus. However, two goals from United, one from John O'Neil and a last minute equaliser from Darren Jackson made the score 3–3, forcing the match into extra-time. Substitute Stevie Kirk scored a header in the first half of extra-time to conclude victory for Motherwell.

Route to the final

Motherwell
As a Scottish Premier Division club, Motherwell entered the competition in the third round. They were drawn against fellow Premier Division club Aberdeen who were also defending champions having won the 1990 Scottish Cup Final. The match was played at Aberdeen's home of Pittodrie Stadium with Motherwell winning 1–0. The fourth round draw paired the club with Division One club Falkirk resulting in a 4–2 win at Fir Park to progress to the quarter-finals. Another Division One club in the form of Greenock Morton was the club's opponent, with the two clubs playing out a 0–0 draw to force a replay at Cappielow. The replay ended in another draw at 1–1 and the game progressed to a penalty shootout with Motherwell winning 5–4. In the semi-finals Motherwell faced the previous season's runners-up, Celtic, at Hampden Park with the game ending in another 0–0 draw for the club. A week later in the replay, Motherwell triumphed in a 4–2 victory to progress to the Scottish Cup Final for the first time in 39 years since defeating Dundee in the 1952 Final.

Dundee United

Dundee United, also a Premier Division club entered the competition in the third round. They were drawn against Division Two club East Fife who had progressed from the first round. The clubs played out a 1–1 draw at Bayview Park to force a replay at Tannadice Park. In the replayed match United emerged victorious in a 2–1 win. The fourth round draw saw Airdrieonians visit Tannadice, with the club losing 2–0. In the quarter-finals, United were drawn against archrivals Dundee to set up a Dundee derby match at home. United won the tie 3–1 to progress to the semi-finals where they faced other rivals St Johnstone from nearby Perth in a Tayside derby. Dundee United won the match 2–1 and booked a place in the final for the fifth time in the past ten years following appearances in the 1981, 1985, 1987 and 1988 finals.

Match

Report
The match had been dubbed the "Family Final" by the media as the two opposing managers were brothers, Tommy McLean at Motherwell and Jim McLean at Dundee United.

Dundee United dominated the opening stages of the match, with Hamish French having the ball in the net after only two minutes but had his goal disallowed for off-side, whilst Freddy van der Hoorn on seven minutes hit the inside of the post from 25 yards out, only to see the ball roll out for a goal kick. Motherwell began to settle, however, before the game then went in to something of a lull. The opening goal came on 32 minutes when Motherwell's Iain Ferguson headed the ball into the top corner past Alan Main. Dundee United's Jim McInally came close to equalising with a shot near the end of the first half, but Motherwell held on to their lead for half-time.

Early in the second half, Motherwell goalkeeper Ally Maxwell was badly injured as a result of a challenge with United's John Clark. He was able to carry on after receiving treatment, but was in clear discomfort. Dundee United equalised on 55 minutes when Dave Bowman struck a 25-yard shot past the struggling Maxwell. Motherwell retook the lead a mere three minutes later when a Davie Cooper free-kick was flicked on by John Clark and headed past Alan Main by Phil O'Donnell. The Steelmen further extended their lead on 65 minutes when an Ian Angus shot from the edge of the penalty box flew into the top corner of the goal.

Despite now being 3–1 down, Dundee United rallied and quickly pulled a goal back; John O'Neil heading in a Dave Bowman cross from the right. It was O'Neil's first competitive goal for United. Dundee United laid siege to the Motherwell goal for the rest of the second half, but Motherwell looked like holding on until in the last minute Darren Jackson equalised. In the final moments of the second half, Maurice Malpas had a chance to win it for United, but his shot was off-target.

The final now went in to extra time. Four minutes in, Motherwell substitute Steve Kirk headed in at the back post to put Motherwell 4–3 ahead. Dundee United pushed on again in another effort to draw level, and near the end Maurice Malpas was denied a goal by a flying save from Maxwell. Shortly after that, John Clark shot past.

This time, however, Motherwell held on to full-time to win the cup, condemning Dundee United to their sixth Scottish Cup Final defeat in 17 years.

Details

References

External links
1991 final

1991
Cup Final
Motherwell F.C. matches
Dundee United F.C. matches
20th century in Glasgow
Scottish Cup Final
Nicknamed sporting events


.sgm may refer to the following file formats:

 Standard Generalized Markup Language
 Encoded Archival Description Document, an XML standard for encoding archival finding aids, maintained by the Library of Congress and the Society of American Archivists
 SoftQuad XMetaL File, for the SoftQuad Software XMetaL
 Visual Boy Advance Saved State File, VisualBoyAdvance


The Campbell snipe (Coenocorypha aucklandica perseverance), also known as the Campbell Island snipe, is a rare subspecies of the Subantarctic snipe, endemic to Campbell Island, a subantarctic island south of New Zealand in the Southern Ocean.  It was not formally described until January 2010.  The subspecific name alludes to the name of the sealing brig Perseverance, captained by Frederick Hasselborough, that discovered Campbell Island in 1810, and which probably inadvertently introduced rats to the island when it was wrecked there in 1828.

History
The existence of the Campbell snipe was unknown until 1997 when, during a search for the Campbell teal, there was the chance discovery of a small population on an almost inaccessible rock, Jacquemart Island. Thus there is not much information about it and it remains one of the least known birds in the world.

Austral snipe are extinct on the mainland of New Zealand but continue to survive on several subantarctic islands. A naturalist landed on Campbell island in 1840 and whilst there found no birds to be present: all endemic land birds had been destroyed by rats from shipwrecks in the area (in the mid-19th century). By 2001 the rats on Campbell Island had been eradicated (the largest eradication of rats as a conservation effort in the world) and it was hoped that the snipe would naturally return to their original home.

In 2006 BDG Synthesis funded a search effort on Campbell Island. Snipe expert Dr Colin Miskelly, and James Fraser with a snipe dog, surveyed the island for snipe to see if they had re-established on the main island. They also intended to acquire DNA for analysis and comparison with the extinct mainland species. The snipe had already re-established with a population of about 30 individuals. This news was greeted with relief as it was thought that the species would have to be re-introduced from Jacquemart Island through human intervention. However, no intervention has been necessary as the snipe are naturally repopulating the 11,000-hectare pest-free island.

References

Bibliography

External links
 Photo of Campbell Island snipe
 The only known video recording of the call of the Campbell Island snipe

Campbell snipe
Birds of the Campbell Islands
Campbell snipe
Endemic birds of New Zealand


The 1989 Scottish Cup final was played between Celtic and Rangers at Hampden Park on 20 May 1989.

Celtic won the match 1–0, denying Rangers a domestic treble. The only goal came when Joe Miller capitalised on a defensive error and slotted the ball past Rangers' goalkeeper.

This was the last Old Firm Scottish Cup final for 10 years until 1999.

While less than 50% of the all-time record crowds at Hampden, the attendance of just over 72,000 has become a landmark figure as no match in Scotland has come close to matching it since, owing to subsequent stadium modernisation which left no venue with a greater capacity.

Match details

References

1989
Cup Final
Scottish Cup Final 1989
Scottish Cup Final 1989
20th century in Glasgow
Old Firm matches


The following is a list of songs produced, co-produced and remixed by Swedish-Moroccan producer, songwriter and music executive RedOne.

Productions

1998–2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015–present

Additional production credits
 2006: "Move It (FIFA 2006 RedOne Mix)" (Sophie)
 2008: "Fashion" (Heidi Montag)
 2009: "Would If I Could" (recorded by Menudo)
 2009: "Obvious" (recorded by Menudo)
 2009: "She's Bad" (recorded by Menudo)
 2009: "Piece of Me" (recorded by Varsity Fanclub)
 2010: "007 on You" (co-written by Lady Gaga; recorded by Esmée Denters)
 2010: "Dance-O-Holic" (recorded by Quincy Jagher)
 2010: "Fanatik" (recorded by Quincy Jagher)
 2010: "Summer's Not Hot" (recorded by Selena Gomez & the Scene)
 2011: "Hypnotico" (recorded by Jennifer Lopez)
 2011: "Say Jambo" (recorded by Mohombi)
 2011: "Starships" (Mohombi)
 2013: "Live Our Life" (recorded by ZO)
 2013: "Take Me Away" (recorded by Ki Fitzgerald)
 2013: "Gypsy" (recorded by Lady Gaga)
 2013: "Merry Christmas, Happy Holidays" (recorded by Midnight Red; 'N Sync cover)
 2014: "It's My Life" (recorded by Ahmed Chawki)
 2014: "We Are One (Ole Ola)" (recorded by Pitbull, Jennifer Lopez and Claudia Leitte)
 2014: "Expertease (Ready Set Go)" (recorded by Jennifer Lopez)
 2015: Whitney (film score)
 2015: "Hold The Line" (recorded by Rod Stewart)
 2016: "Angel Down (Work Tape)" (recorded by Lady Gaga)

Remixes
2004: Kevin Lyttle - "Turn Me On (Dance-Pop Remix)" (co-produced with Nely)
2005: Darin - "Step Up (RedOne Remix)" [featuring Jay-Json]
2006: Christina Milian - "L.O.V.E." (RedOne Remix)
2006: Shakira - "Hips Don't Lie/Bamboo (2006 World Cup Mix)" [featuring Wyclef Jean]
2007: Christina Aguilera - "Candyman (RedOne Ultimix)"
2008: Robyn - "Handle Me (RedOne Remix)"
2008: New Kids on the Block - "Summertime (RedOne Remix)" [featuring Jadakiss]
2008: New Kids on the Block - "Dirty Dancing (RedOne Mix)"
2008: The Clique Girlz - "Smile (RedOne Remix)"
2008: Kat DeLuna - "Am I Dreaming" [w/o Akon]
2008: Kat DeLuna - "Run The Show" [No Rap]
2008: Lady Gaga - "Just Dance (Extended Version)"
2008: Lady Gaga - "Just Dance (RedOne Remix)" [featuring Kardinal Offishall]
2009: Enrique Iglesias - "Takin' Back My Love (Alternate Mix)" [featuring Sarah Connor]
2009: Kat DeLuna - "Put It On" [No Rap]
2009: Space Cowboy - "Falling Down (Extended Mix)" [featuring Chelsea from Paradiso Girls]
2009: Space Cowboy - "I Came 2 Party (Video Version)" [featuring Cinema Bizarre]
2009: Sugababes - "About A Girl (Radio Mix)"
2010: Livvi Franc - "Automatik (RedOne Extended Remix)"
2010: Alexandra Burke - "Broken Heels (Single Mix)"
2010: Alexandra Burke - "Start Without You (Single Mix) / (Extended Mix)" [featuring Laza Morgan]
2010: Alexandra Burke - "The Silence (New Single Mix)"
2010: Enrique Iglesias - "I Like It" [No Rap]
2010: Far East Movement - "Like a G6 (RedOne Remix)" [featuring Mohombi, The Cataracs and Dev]
2010: Mohombi - "Bumpy Ride" [No Rap]
2010: Nicole Scherzinger - "Poison (New Main/Alternate Radio Version)"
2010: Usher - "More (RedOne/Jimmy Joker Remix)" / "(RedOne/Jimmy Joker Extended Remix)"
2011: 2NE1 - "I Don't Care (RedOne Remix)"
2011: Enrique Iglesias - "Dirty Dancer (Single Version)" [with Usher featuring Lil Wayne]
2011: Enrique Iglesias - "Dirty Dancer (Remix)" [with Usher featuring Lil Wayne and Nayer]
2011: Havana Brown - "We Run the Night (US Radio Edit, Remix)" [featuring Pitbull]
2011: Jennifer Lopez - "On The Floor" [No Rap]
2011: Mohombi - "Bumpy Ride (Soca Remix)" [featuring Pitbull and Machel Montano]
2011: Taio Cruz - "There She Goes" [No Rap]
2012: Jennifer Lopez - "Dance Again" [No Rap]
2012: Jennifer Lopez - "Dance Again / Bailar Nada Más (Extended)" [featuring Pitbull]
2012: Nicki Minaj - "Pound The Alarm (UK Radio Version)"
2012: Porcelain Black - "Naughty Naughty (RedOne Extended Mix)"
2013: Emeli Sandé - "My Kind of Love (RedOne and Alex P Remix)"
2013: Jennifer Lopez - "Live It Up" [No Rap]
2013: Priyanka Chopra - "Exotic (Alternate Edit)" [featuring Pitbull]
2014: Sophia Del Carmen - "Lipstick (Radio Version)"
2015: Sophia Del Carmen - "Lipstick (Extended)" [featuring Pitbull]
2018: Alvaro Soler - "La Cintura (Remix)" [featuring Flo Rida and TINI]
2020: Ava Max - "Kings & Queens (Part 2)" [featuring Lauv and Saweetie]

Other-language versions
2007: Kat DeLuna - "Whine Up (Spanish)" [featuring Elephant Man]
2007: Kat DeLuna - "Run The Show (Spanish)" [featuring Shaka Dee/Don Omar]
2007: Kat DeLuna - "Como Un Sueño (Am I Dreaming's Spanish Version)"
2009: Enrique Iglesias - "Sans L'Ombre D'Un Remord (Takin' Back My Love's French Version)" [featuring Tyssem]
2011: Jennifer Lopez - "Ven A Bailar (On The Floor's Spanish Version)" [featuring Pitbull]
2011: Kat DeLuna - "Move Your Body (English version of "Muevete Muevete")"
2011: Mohombi - "Bumpy Ride (French)"
2011: Mohombi - "Dirty Situation (French)" [Feat. Akon] "
2012: Jennifer Lopez - "Bailar Nada Más (Dance Again's Spanish Version)"
2013: Ahmed Chawki - "Habibi I Love You" [featuring {Do(Dutch) / Kenza Farah(French) / Fani Drakopoulou(Greek) / Mandinga(Romanian) / Sophia Del Carmen(Spanish)} and Pitbull] "
2014: Chawki - "Notre Moment (Time Of Our Lives's French Version)"
2014: Chawki - "Farhat Al 'Aalam / فرحة العالم (Time Of Our Lives's Arabic Version)"
2014: Chawki - "C'est Ma Vie (It's My Life's French Version)" [featuring Dr. Alban]
2014: Midnight Red - "Take Me Home (Spanglish)"
2014: Midnight Red - "Contigo (Take Me Home's Spanish Version)"
2014: Mohombi - "Movin' (French)" [featuring Birdman, KMC and Caskey]
2014: Mohombi - "Muevelo (Movin' 's Spanglish Version)" [featuring Alexis & Fido, KMC and Birdman]
2015: John Mamann - "Love Life (French)" [featuring Kika]
2016: RedOne - "Don't You Need Somebody" [featuring Enrique Iglesias, R. City, Aseel and Shaggy]
2022: Ayed, Nasser Al Kubaisi, Haneen Hussain - "Arhbo (Arabic Version)"
2022: Trinidad Cardona, Davido, AISHA - "Hayya Hayya (Better Together) (Spanish Version)"

References

External links

Production discographies
Pop music discographies
Discographies of Moroccan artists


LSCM may refer to:

 Laser scanning confocal microscopy
 Least squares conformal map, a technique used in 3D texture mapping
 Library Services and Content Management, a department of the Federal Depository Library Program
 Low Speed Collision Mitigation, a safety mechanism for cars.

LSCM may refer to:

 logistic and Supply chain management


Jane Vain and the Dark Matter is an indie rock band formed in 2005 from Calgary, Alberta, Canada.  The band is fronted by Calgary native Jamie Fooks, and signed to Edmonton’s Rectangle Records. They describe their sound as indie electro-pop. The Montreal Mirror called their music "melancholy" and "macabre," and Fooks has been compared to Emily Haines, Cat Power, and Fiona Apple. They released their first full-length album, Love Is Where the Smoke Is, in January 2008.

History

5’2 Jamie Fooks (vocals, guitar, keyboards) was born and raised in Calgary. She attended Crescent Heights High School, the same school as musicians Tegan and Sara, Paul Brandt, and former Alberta premier Ralph Klein. She began writing songs in her late teens, in what she admits was a way to get in touch with emotions "left over from a reckless adolescence," at a time in her life when she was feeling extremely isolated from people in her age group and looking to find a niche for herself. She began experimenting with recording software, teaching herself to sing, compose and write songs. After learning to record, she set out learning how to play her own songs. At this point she began performing live at open mic nights in Calgary accompanied by guitarist Dillon Whitfield, her future bandmate in Calgary indie band Raccoon. Their sets consisted of drum beats and bass (programmed on Fooks’s computer), Whitfield’s chaotic guitar playing, and Fooks on vocals. Fooks admits that the first nights ended in tears but with encouragement from Whitfield and her friends she was persuaded to continue performing. Later they were joined by a live rhythm section consisting of Shawn Dicey (of Ontario’s alternative country band Ox) on drums and Stewart Elton on bass., and eventually signed to Edmonton's Rectangle Records in 2007.

Fooks wrote, produced and recorded all the songs on the band's debut album. Described by her interviewers as modest and self-aware, Fooks cites Cat Power, whom she has been compared to, as a major musical influence. The highlight of her career to date was playing onstage with Power at the Sled Island music festival in 2007. She also credits Mark Hamilton, of Calgary’s Woodpigeon as a mentor and a major collaborator on the album. In July 2008, the group was nominated for two of XM Satellite Radio’s Verge Music Awards, Best Album and Best Artist. The band spent the entire summer of 2008 touring Canada.

Asked about the origin of the band's name, Fooks once explained: "Jane is my mother's name....vanity scares me....so does the dark....[I] think it's about overcoming the things that scare me or make me feel sad," adding that "the dark matter thing just kind of popped out in a random conversation."

Fooks was in a relationship with Whitfield for some time, but currently resides in Montreal, Quebec, where Jane Vain opened a national tour in support of their second studio album, Give Us Your Hands, on June 11, 2010.

Collaborators

The band has been described a "revolving door" for musicians from the Calgary music scene. Whitfield, former member of Suicide Boys and the founder of Raccoon, joined in 2005.  Other past and present members include Britt Proulx (also of Raccoon), Markus Lake (bass), Jared Larsen (solo artist), and Jzero Schuurman (of Alberta experimental/folk groups Psychic Pollution, and Lucid 44).  Shawn Dicey (drums) of Ox and Rocketsmog, and Stewart Elton (bass) have also worked with the group.

Jane Vain and the Dark Matter’s first album, Love Is Where the Smoke Is, features contributions by Calgary musicians Mark Hamilton (ukulele, banjo, guitar, vocals), Foon Yap (violin), Woodpigeon's Annalea Sordi (vocals), Jesse Locke of SIDS, and Matt Flegel of The Cape May.

Sound

Jane Vain and The Dark Matter are often described as a "pop noir" group. The band describes Whitfield’s guitar playing as "haphazard" and Fooks’s experimentation with computerized sounds is evident in the electronic beats strung together with sparse piano arrangements. Her vocals are smoky and breathy and her lyrics explore the trials of being young and modern, and "pay homage to love’s violence." Calgary magazine FFWD has said that Fooks channels "nervous energy and musical brilliance into a personal outpouring of epic swells, evasive melodies and frenetic force." The Montreal Mirror describes their songs as being "[n]uanced arrangements of strings, synths, guitar, piano, percussion and electronic beats [that] form an elegant but vibrant base for Fooks’s lovely vocals, and melancholy, even macabre little narratives." Jane Vain assert that they are "aiming for anxious chaos, but achieving a careful clarity" in their music.

Discography
 Love Is Where the Smoke Is (2008)
 Give Us Your Hands (2010)

See also

Music of Canada
Canadian rock
List of Canadian musicians
List of bands from Canada
:Category:Canadian musical groups

References

External links
 Jane Vain and the Dark Matter MySpace

Musical groups established in 2005
Canadian indie rock groups
Musical groups from Calgary
2005 establishments in Alberta


BrickCon (formerly known as NorthWest BrickCon) is a LEGO convention and exhibition in North America. It is held annually for adult fans of LEGO and hobbyists in Seattle, Washington.  BrickCon runs 2–4 days, generally Thursday through Sunday, and is usually held the first weekend in October.  The event brings together the fan community that has evolved as a result of the Internet and helps them explore and develop their LEGO hobby. BrickCon is not affiliated to the LEGO company. BrickCon is made up of two parts: the private convention and the public exhibition.

Private convention
The private convention's main focus is to provide a venue for adult fans of LEGO come together as a community and to bring and display their own LEGO constructions. Activities at the convention include presentations, seminars, round-table discussions, contests, games, door prizes and many experiences unique to a LEGO Fan Convention. The full attendee receives a convention packet containing personalized bricks, a name badge, a program of activities, handouts and coupons.

Public exhibition
The public exhibition's main focus is to invite LEGO fans of all ages of the general public to view hundreds of hobbyist-built creations and meet their creators. Visitors may watch the Mindstorms robot battles or Brickfilm (a LEGO-themed film), browse and shop at various LEGO vendors, or have their kids build something in the building zone.  Various themes on display can include castles, space ships, trains, Great Ball contraptions (GBC), pop culture and many other.

Events

2002 – The first NWBrickCon - Be There, Be Square
Location: Center House at Seattle Center
Attendees: 48
Public Guests: 3,000 – 5,000
Layout:
"Back Room" (800 sq.ft.)
"Lobby" (1,000 sq.ft.)
"Main Floor" (200 sq.ft.)
Notes: There were no "Attendees", but there were 48 adult builders displaying. This was an all-exhibit event.

2003 – The first NWBrickCon with attendees and guests - Be There, Be Square
Location: Snoqualmie Room at Seattle Center
Attendees: 47
Guests: 2,000+
Layout: All in one room (3,000 sq.ft.)
Notes: This event was the first to have paid Attendees, paying Guests, Presentations, Brick Bazaar, and a Special Guest (Brad Justus from Lego Group).

2004 – NWBrickCon is held on Halloween weekend - Halloween!
Location: (Dan Parker's Studio), The Commons, Federal Way
Attendees: ~45
Guests: ~2,000
Layout:
"Exhibition Hall" (1,600 sq.ft.)
"Bazaar + General Meeting" (1,200 sq.ft.)
"Racing" (900 sq.ft.)
Notes: This was a fallback situation as initial plans fell through. Due to the arrangements, there was no charge for Public Guests nor could the Bazaar open to the Public.

2005 – NWBrickCon returns to the Center on the first weekend of October - Ghostly!
Location: Rainier Room of the Northwest Rooms at Seattle Center (6,000 sq.ft.).
Attendees: 65
Guests: 2,000+
Layout:
"Exhibition Hall" (4,500 sq.ft.)
"Bazaar + General Meeting" (2,500 sq.ft.)

2006 – NWBrickCon moves to a larger facility and keeps the first weekend of October - Heroes!
Location: The Seattle Center Pavilion A + B at Seattle Center (13,000 sq.ft.)
Attendees: 85
Guests: 3,500
Layout:
"Exhibition Hall + Kid Build" (8,000 sq.ft.)
"Bazaar + General Meeting" (5,000 sq.ft.)
Notes: The event began to show definite signs of growth.

2007 – BrickCon swells to overflow the Pavilion - Pirates!
Location: The Seattle Center Pavilion A + B at Seattle Center (13,000 sq.ft.)
Attendees: ~145
Guests: ~3,700
Layout:
"Exhibition Hall + General Meeting" (8,000 sq.ft.)
"Bazaar + Kid Build" (5,000 sq.ft.)

2008 – BrickCon moves again to a larger facility - Be Part of the Adventure!
Location: The Exhibition Hall (half) at Seattle Center (20,000 sq.ft.)
Attendees: ~235
Guests: ~6,900

2009 – Continued growth- Imagination in Motion!
Location: The (whole) Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center (34,000 sq.ft.)
Attendees: ~375
Guests: ~9,300

2010 – Added the Rainier Room for all convention activities (34,000 + 6,000 sq.ft.) - Tales of the Brick!
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center
Attendees: ~475
Guests: ~11,000

2011 - Used all of the Northwest Rooms for convention activities (34,000 + 17,000 sq.ft.) - Building a Community!
Location: The Exhibition Hall and Northwest Rooms at Seattle Center
Attendees: 535
Guests: 11,000

2012 - 10th Anniversary BrickCon
Location: The Exhibition Hall and Northwest Rooms at Seattle Center
Attendees: 470
Guests: 12,000+

2013 - 12th BrickCon - Pigs v s. Cows!
Location: The Exhibition Hall and Northwest Rooms at Seattle Center
Attendees: 445
Guests: 12,000+

2014 - 13th BrickCon - Invasion!
Location: The Exhibition Hall and Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center. This was our first entry into the Cornish. We used the theater, stage, lobby Founders Room, and "black box" (the separated rehearsal space). Total area 34,000 sq ft + 9,000 sq ft.
Attendees: 435
Guests: 13,100+

2015 - 14th BrickCon - MOCking History!
Date: October 1–4, 2015
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center. (The Cornish was previously engaged and we operated entirely within the Ex Hall.
Attendees: 470
Guests: 13,600

2016 - 15th BrickCon - Madness This year, we added a Friends and Family Night to our Friday schedule.
Date: September 29 - October 2, 2016
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center and (our return to)Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center. We chose not to engage the black box. (In 2014, it and the stage were used for gaming and we determined that gaming was more comfortable within the Ex Hall.)
Attendees: 450
Guests: 10,600

2017 - 16th BrickCon - Brick To Old School
Date: October 5–8, 2017
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center and Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center. This was our first ever "Sell Out". We did not anticipate the extra sales and remained open to the public one extra hour on Saturday.
Attendees: 470
Guests: 13,600

2018 - 17th BrickCon - Hidden Worlds
Date: October 4–7, 2018
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center and Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center
Attendees: 475
Guests: 13,600

2019 - 18th BrickCon - Just BUILD It!
Date: October 3–6, 2019
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center and Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center
Attendees: 443
Guests: 12,200

2020 - 19th BrickCon - Hindsight
Date: October 1–4, 2020
Location: Due to COVID-19, this event was virtual only.  More than one person could attend per ticket.
Attendee: 521
Guests: 1,139

2021 - 20th BrickCon - TBD: Two Brickcon Decades
Date: October 1–3, 2021
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center, Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center and virtual.
Attendee: 317 total (216 in-person, 101 virtual)
Guests: 3,342

2022 - 21st BrickCon - 21, Time for fun
Date: Sept 29 - Oct 2, 2022
Location: The Exhibition Hall at Seattle Center, Cornish Playhouse at Seattle Center and virtual.
Attendee and Guests numbers not released.

2023 22nd BrickCon - Journeys
Date: Sept 7 - 10, 2023
Location: Meydenbauer Center Bellevue, WA
Attendee: 541 total (489 in-person, 52 virtual)
Guests 12,592
BrickCon moves to Bellevue after 16 years of being at the Seattle Center Exhibition Hall. Event Sold out both public days.

2024 23rd BrickCon - Foundations
Date: Sept 5-8 2024
Location: Meydenbauer Center Bellevue, WA

References
https://www.king5.com/article/news/local/lego-fan-convention-brickcon-moves-to-bellevue-seattle-afol/281-95ddc2ad-9e0a-48c2-8b75-0b248ca5bab7

External links

2002 establishments in Washington (state)
Culture of Seattle
Lego conventions
Festivals in Washington (state)
Recurring events established in 2002
Seattle Area conventions
Toy collecting
Washington (state) culture


Qingshui may refer to:

Rivers
 Qingshui River (Guizhou), China, a tributary of the Wu River
 Qingshui River (Qingshai), China
 Qingshui River (Zhangjiakou), a river in Zhangjiakou, China
 Qingshui (Shanxi), China, draining Mount Wutai
 Qingshui River (Taiwan), Taiwan, a tributary of the Lanyang River

Regions
 Qingshui District, district in Taichung City, Taiwan
 Qingshui County, county in Tianshui Prefecture, Gansu, China

Settlements
 Qingshui, Beijing, Mentougou District, China
 Qingshui, Jiuquan, Gansu, China
 Qingshui, Renshou County, Sichuan, China
 Qingshui, Dachu County, Sichuan, China
 Qingshui, Guan County, Shandong, China
 Qingshui, Dawa County, Liaoning, China

People
 Qingshui (monk), Chan Buddhist monk during the Song dynasty

Other
Qingshui Cliff, in Hualien County, Taiwan

See also
Clearwater (disambiguation)
Clear River (disambiguation)
Shimizu (disambiguation), the pronunciation of the same characters in Japanese.

zh:清水


Artemisia nova is a North American species of sagebrush, known by the common name black sagebrush. It is "one of the most common shrubs in the western United States".

Distribution and habitat
The native range of Artemisia nova is from the Mojave Desert mountains in southern California and in the Great Basin of Nevada and Utah, north to Oregon, Idaho and Montana, east to Wyoming and Colorado, and south to Arizona and northwestern New Mexico.

It grows in forest, woodland, and grassland habitats, often on calcareous soils.

Taxonomy
Identification is sometimes difficult, because this species is similar in appearance to Little sagebrush, Artemisia arbuscula, and it easily hybridizes with Big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata, when it grows in the same area, leading to intermediate forms.

Also, Artemisia nova has two main morphological forms, a darker, easily recognized form, and a less common light gray-green colored variant which closely resembles other sagebrush species.

Description
In general, Artemisia nova is a small, erect shrub producing upright stems branched off a central trunklike base. It is usually no taller than 20 to 30 centimeters but it has been known to exceed 70 centimeters in height.

The aromatic leaves are green, short, narrow, and sometimes toothed at the tip. This species can sometimes be distinguished from its similar-looking relatives by glandular hairs on its leaves.

The inflorescence bears clusters of flower heads lined with shiny, oily, yellow-green phyllaries with transparent tips. The fruit is a tiny achene up to a millimeter long.

The plant reproduces from seed except in very rare occasions when it reproduces vegetatively by layering.

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment of Artemisia nova

Southwest Colorado Wildflowers

nova
Flora of the Northwestern United States
Flora of the Southwestern United States
Flora of the California desert regions
Flora of the Great Basin
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Plants described in 1900
Flora without expected TNC conservation status