The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (), commonly referred to as the New Cathedral of Cuenca (), is the cathedral church in Cuenca, Ecuador. It is situated in front of Parque Calderon.

The plan of the Cathedral was drawn up by Juan Bautista Stiehle (1829-1899) — a German-born friar who arrived in Cuenca from Alsace in 1873 — on suggestions made by Bishop León Garrido. The Cathedral took over the function of the nearby Old Cathedral that had become too small. Construction works started in 1885 and lasted for almost a century. This building combines many architecture styles, but Romanesque Revival is predominant. The cathedral is surmounted by three giant domes covered by striking blue and white glazed tile from Czechoslovakia.  Its stained glass windows were created by Spanish artist Guillermo Larrazábal.

Its towers are truncated due to a calculation error of the architect. If they had been raised to their planned height, the foundation of this Church to the Immaculate Conception, would not have been able to bear the weight. In spite of the architect's immense mistake, the skyline of its domes has become a symbol for the city. Its facade is made of alabaster and local marble, while the floor is covered with pink marble, brought from Carrara (Italy). When the Cathedral was first constructed 9,000 out of Cuenca's 10,000 inhabitants could fit in the building.

History

Church "El Sagrario" or Old Cathedral

This church is an antecedent for the later construction of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of Cuenca. The Colonel Gil Ramírez Dávalos founded the city of Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca on April 12, 1557, under the orders of Viceroy Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza. In the year 1565 the final location of this church is decided, in which today it is the Historical Center of the city. The development of this project was promoted with the financial support of the Viceroy. The materials used in its construction are simple and easily accessible, such as: stones and sand bordering the city, wood, brick and the warmth of the first ovens of the Spanish Crown. The cathedral counted on several transformations and remissions through time; in 1935 the last work was done on the tower and on the front facade.

The erection of the bishopric of Cuenca was consolidated on April 2, 1786.

In the year 1779, the Royal Certificate was issued by Carlos III, where the separation and creation of the Bishopric in Cuenca was established, which entailed the creation of a temple as a Cathedral. However, a project for the construction of the Cathedral, due to the existence of the "El Sagrario" church, would not be completed.

Project for the creation of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of Cuenca
Remigio Estévez de Toral was selected as the Bishop of Cuenca in the year 1860, during his time as bishop there were several problems surrounding the use of the same church as a parish church and as a cathedral. One of the solutions was to change the parish seat to the church of the Company. Due to these problems, the creation of the Cathedral was decided. On March 9, 1872, Bishop Estévez de Toral and the ecclesiastical council proclaimed the construction of the Cathedral.

On December 6, 1872, 40 varas of land were assigned for the creation of the Cathedral between the contemporary streets Mariscal Sucre, Simón Bolívar, Benigno Malo and Padre Aguirre. In 1874 the Bishopric of Cuenca received the communiqué of Pope Pius IX, approving the construction and an allocation of 500 pesos were sent. The first that supported this project was the Redemptorist Fathers, they provided help of Brother Juan Stiehle as project architect. In 1885, Miguel León Garrido was named the new Bishop of Cuenca, due to the death of Estévez de Toral in 1883, and later the definitive beginning of the construction of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of Cuenca.

Construction of the church
The construction of the building took a time of 83 years. Below are the most important events:

1885-1900
Miguel Leon Garrido, who was the ninth Bishop of Cuenca, began construction on October 2, 1885, ordering the opening of the foundations. On October 25 of the same year, the work begins formally with the contribution from all the inhabitants of the city. Brother Juan directed the excavation works for these foundations since that same month, although the definitive plans for the Cathedral were not completed.

One of the first parts that were built was the Crypt of the Cathedral, for which it was essential to drain the rainwater, deposited in the excavation. Due to the fact that the works in the site were increasing in an accelerated way, Ronualdo Bernal was hired on December 1, 1885, so that he could help Brother Juan in the direction of the work. It was not until a year later, on December 12, 1886, when the first stone of the Cathedral was placed.

To obtain more income for the construction, the Cathedral Chapter ordered on February 18, 1887, that 10% of the rent of each canon would be destined for this purpose. In addition, much of the tools and materials needed to continue construction did not exist in Ecuador and had to be imported from Europe. For this reason, on August 15, 1887, Mr. Carlos Ordóñez was assigned to bring several construction components to the city. He used to travel abroad for business purposes.

1901-1918
In 1901 there was a shortage of materials and money, so the construction continued with materials that had been paid in advance and with the collaboration of the people. On June 5, 1903, due to economic problems, the construction of the Cathedral was interrupted. Manuel María Pólit would be the bishop of Cuenca from 1908 and tried to advance the construction. Due to the economic reality, Polit presented the idea of a less ambitious model; This plan was presented to the parish priests and members of the Catredalicio Chapter, who preferred the original model.

In the year of 1918, the Archbishop of Quito, Federico González Suárez died and Bishop Polit was elected to replace him, he brought to Quito a report detailing the progress of construction during the ten years he was bishop of the city of Cuenca.

1918-1953
On March 12, 1918, Daniel Agustín Hermida Ortega was named as the new bishop of Cuenca and he would remain in office for 53 years. From 1924 to 1930, the canons, A. Ortega and Muñoz and the procurator Isaac Peña collaborated in the construction. In 1941 began the construction of the atrium of the cathedral with the bricklayer, Pacual Lojano, who died the same year. The construction of the atrium continued at the hands of Luis Antonio Chicaiza in 1942. From 1942 to 1950 the ornamentation of great paste the cathedral was made, but there were problems for the construction of the greater dome that would present a more resistant structure, and later it would be counted on tiles brought from Czechoslovakia.

1954-1967
On November 13, 1954, the first public act took place inside the cathedral that was not finished yet; the episcopal consecration of Manuel Serrano Abad was celebrated. In the same year, the interior part would be completed with the placement of Italian marble on the floor. On September 28, 1956, Bishop Daniel Hermida died and Manuel de Jesús Serrano Abad was appointed as the new bishop. The buildings would continue and in 1964, Luis Antonio Chicaiza died.

Bishop Serrano got in Europe the Christ, made by the Spanish sculptor Rafael Planas, the bronze Tabernacle for the high altar and the statue of Santa Ana. On May 22, 1967, the bronze statue of Santa Ana Patron of Cuenca was placed in the front of the cathedral and six days later the Cathedral of Cuenca is consecrated to the Immaculate Virgin Mary in the 4th National Eucharistic Congress in the presence of the Pontifical Delegate Cardinal Julio Dophër, archbishop of Munich.

1968-1994
The Cathedral was used only in special events until November 1, 1970, when the Chapter was definitively transferred to the Chapter Hall of the new cathedral. Archbishop Serrano Abad died on April 21, 1971, after which certain internal works were done to the cathedral. On July 20, 1971, Ernesto Álvarez is named as the new bishop of the city. In 1973, Álvarez was pressured to request funds from the National Government for the culmination of the cathedral towers, since the allocation they received was eliminated in the government of Rodríguez Lara. However, the bishop had opposed because the government had already extended an assignment for the settlement of temples due to the earthquake of 1970.

With the death of the last three canons: Adolfo Polo, Néstor Durán and Miguel Cordero the Ecclesiastical Chapter of Cuenca disappeared, leaving the Cathedral unfinished. Then the architect Gastón Ramírez Salcedo proposes a new project for the construction of the towers; in 1978 it was approved that DITURIS build the north tower with the commitment of the Curia to obtain funds for the construction of the south tower.

Without the expected results, in 1981 Monseñor Alberto Luna Tomar was appointed as the new Archbishop of Cuenca, who would dedicate his work to carry social jobs. The architect Gastón Ramírez, presented in August 1988 a report for the completion of the work, which proposed the total completion for the year 1992.

Zoning
The Zoning is the distribution of the Cathedral spaces by zones:

Access area: Accesses and Lobbies.

Area of worship: Central Nave, Sideships, Choirs and Presbytery.

Complementary area to the cult: Sacristy and Chapterhouse.

Housing area: Stores, Departments of religious: Guardians of the Cathedral and Missionaries.

Burial area: Crypt.

Description of spaces
The Cathedral of Cuenca is the church belonging to the bishop of the city and has spaces that are common in other churches, but also has some that are unique. These are described below.

Central Warehouse
This is the largest space, in which the faithful people gather to participate in different ceremonies. It limits with the Side Ships by the columns of the structure of the building. The latter are arranged equidistantly with each other, and symmetrically with respect to the center. In addition, they are joined by arcs of half a point (which is a characteristic of the Romanesque architecture). It has a virtual limit towards the west with the Presbytery for the difference in level.

Once inside the Cathedral, there is a sensation of being diminutive, given the spaciousness of the Central Nave. In addition, the little light that filters through the stained glass windows provides an environment for meditation and reflection.

Side Warehouses
There are two, which are located symmetrically on the sides of the Central Warehouse. For this reason, they are limited to the exterior by the walls that form the body of the building. In addition, both have similar characteristics; comparing them with the Central Ship they have a lower height, although they maintain the same depth. Its vaults have a cannon style, which are based on columns joined by Roman arches that complement the structure of the building. Between the columns that protrude from the walls, spaces are formed (niches), which house the lateral altars of the church.

The main function of these structures is the free circulation, because there are ceremonies with a high concurrence, these spaces are occupied by the faithfuls, increasing the total capacity of congregation on the Cathedral.

Side altars
There are eleven altars located in the Lateral Ships. They are found in the niches (formed by the columns and walls that divide them), spaces designed for this purpose. These altars respond to the faith of the people of Cuenca, raised to different saints to whom they profess devotion. Each of them have different characteristics:

Altar of Santa Marianita
Made with marble original from Cuenca, it was designed and built by the Cuenca artisan César Quishpe. It is constituted by regular volumes that are arranged one above the other, forming a pedestal on which the sculpture of the Saint is based. On the pedestal rises a niche crowned by a semicircular arch, which shows an integration of the altar with the architecture of the temple. Every May 26 a mass is celebrated in his honor.

Altar of the Santísimo
One of the most visited altars of all the Cathedral. Here a daily Mass is celebrated and the Christ of the Eucharist is exposed. Built in marble, and forms three volumes of different dimensions that serve as a base. Above these rises an arcade that holds three recessed arches, forming a niche that houses the sculptural set that represents the Holy Trinity. All this set is of colonial origin, passed from the Old Cathedral to the New.

Altar of the Lord of Good Hope
Along with the Altar of the Most Holy and that of the Dolorosa were the first altars placed in the Cathedral before its consecration. In the same way as with the Altar del Santísimo, it was moved from the Old Cathedral to the New one. This altar has a different style from the rest, as it mixes Gothic and Baroque elements (ogival arches, Solomonic columns, curved lines, etc.).

Altar of the Dolorosa
This is different from the rest of the altars because of its construction in wood, decorated with gold leaf lines. It was made by Quito artisans. It is formed by columns of circular section seated on a pedestal. The picture of the Sorrowful Virgin is in a niche, topped by a frieze. This niche is formed by four columns, joined by arches of half a point, and a shell. This altar is crowned by a kind of bulrush formed by three reduced arches. Every April 20 a mass is celebrated in honor of the Sorrowful Virgin.

Altar of Santa Ana
It is built in marble; it was designed and elaborated by the Cuenca artisan César Quishpe. Formed by a pedestal of straight volumes, on which a niche covered by arches is located that lodges the sculpture. Here no mass is celebrated, since it is the Patroness of the city, and its mass is performed in the High Altar on July 26 of each.

Altar of Hermano Miguel
Another altar designed and built in marble by César Quishpe. He was installed in the Cathedral on October 30, 1977, date of beatification of the Santo cuencano. His statue was made in Rome. The altar as such, is formed by two semicircular arches joined with recessed columns, seated on a regular volume that serves as a base. Every February 9 a mass is celebrated in his honor.

Sacristy
It is the place where priests dress for celebrations, and ornaments, sacred vessels and other objects belonging to the cult are kept. Even in some special celebrations, there are processions that start in this place. It is located on the south side of the High Altar, which is a wide space and divided in the center by a vain in the shape of an arch. It has a flat ceiling and framed with a border, at the junction with the walls.

This space does not have a decoration, like the other spaces where the celebrations of the cult are carried out. Additionally, here the public is served, who daily requests some services from the Cathedral.

Presbytery
It is the space where religious worship ceremonies are held. It's divided in:

High Altar Which contains the Altar of the Tabernacle, the Baldalquino, and the Main Altar.

Choir of the Canons that is in the apse

Altar of the Tabernacle
Made of wood and covered in gold leaf. It is located on a Carrara marble staircase with Cuenca marble. It contains interior niches, in which are three sculptures of great beauty and simplicity. On this altar sits the bronze tabernacle, brought from Europe. Finally, it is complemented by a somewhat dark colored Christ, made in Spain, and acquired by Monsignor Manuel de Jesus Serrano Abad, in 1963.

Baldalquino
This is the main element that stands out from the interior of the entire Cathedral. It is made of cedar wood, and carved and bathed entirely with gold leaf. Its shape imitates the canopy of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Its construction was entrusted to the Salesians, and it was Father Carlos Crespi who brought Brother Pedro Gazzoli to execute it. Laminated gold plates were purchased in Germany.

On a marble base stand four large salomonic columns, decorated on three levels:

The first level, with a spiral agreement.

The next two, with branches or plant motifs.

All this ends with Corinthian capitals. On these sits a few capitals that are joined together by a cornice. Finally, a semicircle is set, decorated by a series of curved lines. This baldachin has an approximate height of twenty meters, crowned by two sculptures of triumphant angels on the sides of the arch and in the center with a cross.

Complementary space of the cathedral

Dwelling
At the back of the temple, there is a house with a tile roof that surrounds the apse, and is attached to the rest of the building. It has superimposed rows of windows and windows, with a marked horizontality reinforced by cornices and marcapisos. Its facade is topped by a balustrade and a tympanum, characteristic elements of an architecture of Renaissance influence.

In the lower part, there are three stores, in which commercial activities are carried out, independent of the ecclesiastics. These tents are leased, and the funds obtained are used to support the nuns, who do maintenance work at the Cathedral, while on the upper part there are two departments, one on each side of the apse. In the North department, religious reside who maintain the temple. In the South Department, sisters reside who dedicate themselves to missionary activities.

Cemetery
The cemetery of the cathedral is located below the central nave and has three entrances: one through Calle Aguirre, another through the Sacristy and a third is in Mariscal Sucre Street. The shape of this crypt is that of a long alley with funerary vaults on each side.

In the Crypt are buried some of the illustrious figures of the city of Cuenca as: Remigio Crespo Toral, Gral. Antonio Vega, Fray Vicente Solano; as well as the bishops of the city: Miguel León, Manuel María Política, Daniel Hermida, Monsignor Manuel Serrano Abad; and the builder of the cathedral: Luis Antonio Chicaiza.

The Crypt has 11 small mausoleums, 192 vaults and 210 urns for remains.

Domes
The Cathedral of Cuenca has six domes that are on the pre-ministry and the Central Nave. They are divided into three highs and three lows that are interspersed in their location. all domes have a flashlight inside. The three high domes and one of the low ones are covered by tile while the others maintain the brick structure.

The tall domes have a Renaissance style, the largest is on the Cruiser and has an inner diameter of 12 meters and has a height of 53 meters.

Santa Ana Street
It is one of the oldest streets in Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca. Apparently it was already contemplated at the moment of the Castilian foundation of the city. The own Gil Ramírez Dávalos, Commissioner of the Marquis of Cañete, Hurtado de Mendoza, made it consign in the text that was described in the interpretation of the primitive plan of our city.

This small street is located in the heart of the city and its Historical Center, between two buildings of great importance: The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception and the old Seminary called San Luis.

Building technology

Construction methods
The construction of the Cathedral was made based on the original plans, these were designed and drawn by Brother Juan, with small changes that occurred in the building process. The direction of the construction of the Cathedral was in charge of priests and executed by Cuenca artisans and the people in general through the mingas. In addition to the detailed technical specifications in the construction plans, popular knowledge is added as an artisan way of building, with a common sense and a logic acquired by experience, skill and expertise of the workers.

The Cathedral used artisan systems typical of the time and place. An example of this is the use of wooden scaffolds joined with ropes to lift the thick and gigantic walls of the building. You can still see holes in the outer walls due to such scaffolding

Arches and columns
The whole set of arches is based on columns with a cruciform section, that is, with protruding bodies to receive the arches. This applies both to the reinforcing arches adhered to the vaults, as well as to those resting on the domes.

The arcs have a highlight in their profile. In the columns, to receive these arcs, we also generated ridges at the vertices. Additionally, in each vertex there are smaller columns of circular section that culminate in the capital.

Foundation (engineering)
The foundation is of river stone masonry, with lime and sand mortar. The depth of the foundations and columns of the buildings of the building is about seven meters, by the level of the floor of the Crypt. In the Towers, the foundations reach a depth of four meters. This was proved in May 1972, by the excavation carried out by Architect Ramírez, when the terrain was tested.

Walls
Due to the unevenness of the land on which the Cathedral was based, there is a base on the foundations of the same, in order to equalize the foundations of the building. This plinth was built with a carved marble masonry, which ends with a bevel to adhere to the wall. Thus, the great walls of the Cathedral are made with a masonry filling of river stone, with lime mortar and sand. These are covered with brick walls, also with a lime and sand mortar.

The thickness of the walls varies, since the widest ones have four meters (towers), followed by the ones of 1.40 meters (outer walls of the naves), and finally the narrowest of one meter (outside of the house)

Domes
There are two types of domes:

Low: constituted by spherical shells, seated directly on the arches.

Tall: linked or seated on the arches by means of four spherical triangles (called pendentives). On these pendentives sits a ring, from which a cylinder is generated (called drum) that is crowned by a vault banked. At the top of the dome, there is the Lantern, of Renaissance architectural design.

Materials
The construction has a variety of materials. Most are typical of the mountain region and the city. Other materials were brought from Europe. Below is a survey of the elements with their respective materials:

Foundations: stone masonry with lime mortar.

Walls: brick masonry with lime mortar.

Floors: marble, tile, and wood.

Cover: brick shells with lime mortar.

Downspouts: ducts formed in the walls of the bricks.

Plaster: only inside, with whitewash.

Ceiling: pasted and painted, false plaster.

Stairs: brick with lime mortar.

Structure: constituted by columns and arches.

Columns: brick masonry with lime mortar.

Arches: brick and lime mortar.

Doors: iron and wood.

Windows: wood, metal, and decorated glass.

Decorative moldings: brick, plaster, ceramics, and marble.

Facilities
The temple is equipped with the following facilities:

Sanitary: potable water system and wastewater channeling.

Electrical: lighting system and power shut-offs.

Special: acoustic amplification system.

All these facilities are conducted by independent underground duct systems under the floor. There are inspection wells located on-site for control and maintenance as well as control boxes for the water and electrical systems.

Maintenance
Cracking problems have arisen in some elements:

 The first High Dome after the Towers. Here, the crack reached up to 1 cm and 1.50 cm, and when it rained, water leaked out. However, this was fixed by covering it with a cement paste. On the advice of the engineers José Chacón Toral and Rafael Carrasco, the cracked are was monitored and further cracking has not progressed.
 On the key of the arch, area that covers the rosette of the main facade. According to architect Ramírez, this was caused by faults in the construction of the Cathedral. When the respective arrangements were made in the area, the interior of the fissure was reinforced, but not the exterior.

Is believed that these problems are due to the land that the foundation rests upon. In 1972, geological studies of the foundation ground and loading capacity were carried out by engineers Marco T. Erazo V. and Edmundo Cueva C. These studies were conducted in a pit five meters deep, excavated at the foot of the South Tower, whose foundations are four meters away. The studies found that the terrain should have a support capacity of up to 4 kg./cm2.

Additionally, every six months there is general cleaning work carried out on the roofs, as large amounts of garbage accumulate (plastic, paper, earth, vegetables, etc.) that clogs the channels and downpipes of rainwater and produce leaks.

References
Cathedral of Cuenca
Cathedral of Cuenca on the Map

Roman Catholic churches in Cuenca, Ecuador
Roman Catholic cathedrals in Ecuador
Cuenca, Ecuador
Tourist attractions in Azuay Province
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Ecuador


Filip Renč (born 17 August 1965) is a Czech film director, screenwriter, and actor.

Biograph
Filip Renč was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Since his childhood, he already proved his enthusiasm for movies and drama. As a young boy he appeared in several movies, including Julek (1980) and Leve kridlo (1983). During his studies at FAMU (Film and TV School of The Academy of Performing Arts in Prague) he created documentaries (Zapadákov, Srdíčko) for which he was awarded at the International film schools festival in 1987 and 1988. His debut movie Requiem for a Maiden was also a great success at the Czechoslovakian film festival FORUM in Bratislava. In the following years he directed a number of successful movies, including From Subway with Love (2005) and his latest piece At Your Own Risk (2008) which has just recently been released. He directed not only movies but also TV commercials and even music videos. He also wrote screenplays which he later directed himself, such as The Rebels (2001), Válka barev (1993) and Requiem for a Maiden (1991). Filip Renč made numerous appearances as an actor, for an instance, in The Ride (1991) and even his own Requiem for a Maiden (1991).

Achievements
Renč achieved great success with his movie Rebelové. In 2001, he won the Bonton Company Award and the Children's Jury Main Prize in the Feature Film - Youth category with this movie. The Rebels also won him the Audience Award in the Most Popular Film category and Filip Renč was nominated together with Daniel Dvořák for Best Art Direction at the Czech Lion awards. His movie adaptation of Michal Viewegh's From Subway with Love (original title Román pro ženy), was also well received by critics and by the public. In 2006, the movie From Subway with Love received two nominations - for the Best Film Poster and for the Best Supporting Actress (Simona Stašová) at the Czech Lion Awards. This movie also won Filip Renč the Box Office Award in the same year.

Filmography

Direction
 2016 The Devil's Mistress
 2008 Guard No. 47
 2008 At Your Own Risk
 2005 From Subway with Love
 2001 Rebelové
 1999 Polojasno
 1993 Válka barev
 1991 Requiem pro panenku

Screenplays
 2001   Rebelové
 1993   Válka barev
 1991   Requiem for a Maiden

Acting
 2007   Empties
 2001   Dark Blue World
 1996   Kolya
 1991   The Ride
 1991   Reqiuem for a Maiden
 1986   Papilio
 1983   The Wanderings of Jan Amos
 1980   Julek
 1978   Leave Me Alone (Nechci nic slyšet)

References
 Czech-Slovak Film Database
 Osobnosti.cz
 The Internet Movie Database

Living people
1965 births
Film directors from Prague
Male actors from Prague
Recipients of Medal of Merit (Czech Republic)
Academy of Performing Arts in Prague alumni


Dragoș Mihalcea () (born December 17, 1977) is the principal dancer with the Royal Swedish Ballet.

Mihalcea was born in Bucharest, Romania, and studied ballet at the urging of his parents. At the age of 14 he received a full scholarship from the Kirov Academy of Ballet in Washington, DC. Between 1997 and 2000 he performed with the Universal Ballet Company in South Korea where he attained the position of principal dancer. At 20 years old, he began his international career, performing in roles such as Prince Siegfried in Swan Lake, Prince Desire in Sleeping Beauty and Albrecht in Giselle. He won two bronze medals at the Luxembourg International Ballet Competition and the Rudolph Nureyev International Ballet Competition along with a gold medal at the Premio Roma Danza International Competition. Later he was invited to the Norwegian National Opera & Ballet, and then became a principal dancer with the Royal Swedish Ballet. In 2006, he joined the National Ballet Company Het in Amsterdam as a principal dancer, before returning to perform in Sweden in 2008.

His performance in Eugene Onegin was acclaimed.

See also
 Ballet company
 Ballet music
 Glossary of ballet
 History of ballet
 Timeline of ballet

References

External links

1977 births
Living people
Romanian male ballet dancers
Principal dancers
Place of birth missing (living people)


Springhill is an unincorporated community in Clay County, Alabama, United States.

References

Unincorporated communities in Clay County, Alabama
Unincorporated communities in Alabama


Back is a novel written by British writer Henry Green and published in 1946.

Plot summary

The novel tells the story of Charley Summers, a young Englishman who comes back from Germany, where he was detained as a POW for three years after having been wounded in combat in France (possibly in 1939–1940). Summers is repatriated because, due to his wound, his leg had to be amputated. While he was prisoner, Rose, the woman he loved, died, and this adds to the shock Charley suffered because of the mutilation. Moreover, Rose was married to another man, so Charley cannot even express his bereavement for fear of scandal.

After having visited the grave of Rose and met her husband James there, Charley calls on Rose's father, Mr Grant, who encourages him to make acquaintance with a young widow. Charley ignores the suggestion at first, but after some days he goes to the widow's flat and he is astonished at the uncanny resemblance between the woman, whose name is Nancy Whitmore, and Rose. He soon finds out that there is a very simple explanation for this: Nancy is the illegitimate daughter of Mr Grant, who sent Charley to her thinking he might console her of the death of her husband (an RAF pilot killed in action in Egypt).

The rest of the novel describes the complex and troubled relation between Charley and Nancy, as it unfolds against the background of a war-torn Britain.

References

1946 British novels
Novels set during World War II
Hogarth Press books
Novels by Henry Green
NYRB Classics


CD78 is a protein expressed on the surface of some immature and all mature B-cells.  It is considered a pan-B cell antigen.  Other names include Cdw78, Ba antigen, Leu21 and LO-panB-a.

Function
It is part of the MHC class II.

Expression
CD78 is expressed on all stages of B cell development from pre-B cell through plasma cells.  Its expression is strongest on activated B cells.

It is also present on tissue macrophages and on epithelial cells.

Clinical significance
With flow cytometry, it can be used to detect B cells during many stages of their development.  It is one of relatively few markers usefully expressed on plasma cells, and when combined with detection of markers such as CD22, can be used to determine the relative proportion of plasma cells.

References

Clusters of differentiation


is a district of Minato, Tokyo, Japan, which was a part of the former Azabu Ward.

Nishiazabu is bordered by Minami-Aoyama on the north and west, Hiroo (Shibuya) on the south, Moto-Azabu on the southeast, and Roppongi on the northeast.

The Fujifilm company is located in 2 Nishi-Azabu. A large area in 4 Nishi-Azabu surrounding the Nishi-Azabu Mitsui building and the Wakabakai kindergarten was occupied by the Mitsui clan (Mitsui Zaibatsu) before World War II.

The embassies of Portugal, Yemen, Ukraine, Uruguay, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Haiti, Panama, Venezuela, Belize, Bolivia, Honduras, Laos and Romania are located in this area.

It is also home to a number of international kindergartens as well as Kogai Elementary School.

, also known as , is a Sōtō-shū temple and a tourist attraction and is also located in Nishi-Azabu.

Education

Minato City Board of Education operates public elementary and junior high schools.

Nishi-Azabu 1 and 3-4-chōme, and 2-chome 1-17 ban and 20-26 ban are zoned to Kōgai Elementary School (笄小学校) and Kōryō Junior High School (高陵中学校). Nishi-Azabu 2-chōme 18-19 ban are zoned to Seinan Elementary School (青南小学校) and Aoyama Junior High School (青山中学校).

Gallery

References

Districts of Minato, Tokyo


Packy & Marlon is an educational platform video game developed by WaveQuest and published by Raya Systems for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It was designed to improve self-care behavior in children with Diabetes mellitus type 1. The game achieved some success with treatment groups. It is a part of educational video game series from Raya that includes Captain Novolin, Rex Ronan: Experimental Surgeon and Bronkie the Bronchiasaurus.

In 1998, the game was released for personal computers by Kid's Health Software.

Gameplay
A gang of rats has invaded Camp Wa-kee, and stolen the food and medical supplies, hiding them in different areas of the Camp. As such, Packy and Marlon, two diabetic elephants, are tasked with retrieving the stolen goods and clearing out the malicious rodents, while also remembering to take their insulin and check their blood glucose.
At the end of the game they face the evil bosses Veets and Yebur of the Lunch Room Crew.

Critical reception

Legacy

The game is important in the history of therapeutic gaming, a concept that originated in the mid-1990s with games such as this and the asthma-focused Bronkie the Bronchiasaurus. A six-month study undertaken in 1997 on behalf of Click Health by researchers at Stanford University's Medical Center on 59 diabetic children ages 8 to 16 found that, after playing the game, the children were four times less likely to require urgent care visits than children who had played other games. A  three-month study found that for kids with diabetes, the game "decreased their diabetes-related emergency room and urgent care visits by 77 percent". The game was also tested in Kaiser hospitals, where it was shown to have given important information to diabetics, while also encouraging the patients to offer support to each other.

See also
 Packy (elephant)

Further reading

References

1995 video games
Children's educational video games
Fictional elephants
Medical video games
North America-exclusive video games
Platformers
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
Video games about animals
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Works about diabetes


Dam tot Damloop (; ) is an annual road running competition held in the province of North Holland in the Netherlands. The main event is a 10-mile race from Amsterdam to Zaandam. The race was an IAAF Road Race Silver Label Event from 2013 until 2019.

History
The Dam tot Damloop was first held as a fun run event in 1985. Elite runners were invited the following year, with world record holder Fernando Mamede and Dutch record holder Carla Beurskens taking the men's and women's titles. Ingrid Kristiansen set the current women's record in 1987 with her run of 50:31 minutes.

From the 1990s onwards, the elite race has been dominated by East African (particularly Kenyan) runners.

In 1999 and 2000, the main event was a half marathon instead of a 10 miles race.

Leonard Patrick Komon is the current men's course record holder with his time of 44:27 minutes in 2011 (the second fastest ever for the distance). From 2013 until 2019, the race was a Silver Label event of the IAAF Road Race Label Events.

The race was cancelled in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Races
The races are jointly organised by Stichting Sportevenementen Le Champion and two running clubs (AV Atos and AV Aalsmeer).

In addition to the main 10-mile race, the event hosts shorter races for children and several business team competitions. The Dam tot Damloop 10-miler attracts high level of participation: almost 10,000 runners competed in 1990, rising to almost 20,000 in 1999 and almost 40,000 in 2008.

The Damloop by night takes place the evening before the main Dam tot Damloop race. It is a 5-mile race in the dark through the centre of Zaandam.

Winners
Information from the Association of Road Racing Statisticians website unless otherwise noted.

Key:

References

External links

10-mile runs
1985 establishments in the Netherlands
Annual events in Amsterdam
Annual sporting events in the Netherlands
Athletics competitions in the Netherlands
Autumn events in the Netherlands
Recurring sporting events established in 1985
Sports competitions in Amsterdam


Club Deportivo Lagun Onak is a Spanish football team based in Azpeitia, in the autonomous community of Basque Country. Founded in 1944 it plays in , holding home games at Estadio Garmendipe, which has a capacity of 1,500 spectators. The team's name in Basque means good friends. Their closest rivals are Anaitasuna from Azkoitia.

Season to season

34 seasons in Tercera División
3 seasons in Tercera Federación/Tercera División RFEF

Famous players
 Gorka Luariz
 Unai Alba
 Mikel Aranburu
 Mikel Labaka
 Juan Antonio Larrañaga

References

External links
Official website
Futbolme team profile

Football clubs in the Basque Country (autonomous community)
Association football clubs established in 1944
1944 establishments in Spain
Sport in Gipuzkoa


The 1996 Asian Super Cup was the 2nd Asian Super Cup, a football match played between the winners of the previous season's Asian Club Championship and Asian Cup Winners Cup competitions. The 1996 competition was contested by Cheonan Ilhwa Chunma of South Korea, who won the 1995 Asian Club Championship, and Bellmare Hiratsuka of Japan, the winners of the 1995–96 Asian Cup Winners' Cup.

Route to the Super Cup

Cheonan Ilhwa Chunma

1Ilhwa Chunma goals always recorded first.
2 GD Lam Pak withdrew after the 1st leg.

Bellmare Hiratsuka

1Bellmare Hiratsuka goals always recorded first.

Match summary

|}

First leg

Second leg

References
 Asian Super Cup 1996

Asian Super Cup
Super
Asia
Asian Super Cup
Asian Super Cup
International club association football competitions hosted by Japan
International club association football competitions hosted by South Korea
Shonan Bellmare matches
Seongnam FC matches


Senhora do Verde is a small village near Mexilhoeira Grande, Portugal.

Villages in Portugal


Parth (foaled 1920) was a British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1923  Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.

Background
Parth was a bay horse sired by Polymelus, the five-time Leading sire in Great Britain & Ireland. His dam was Willia, a daughter of the 1902 Ascot Gold Cup winner William the Third. As a descendant of the mare Grand Duchess, Parth was a member of the same Thoroughbred family which produced Manna, Blushing Groom and Mill Reef.

Parth was first owned by the Indian textile magnate Mathradas Goculdas and later sold for 20,000 guineas to A. Kingsley Macomber, an American who maintained a sizeable racing operation in Europe and who had won the 1918 Preakness Stakes with War Cloud. The colt was trained at Ogbourne in Wiltshire, England by James H. Crawford.

Racing career
In 1923, Parth contested The Derby having previously won the Greenham Plate at Newbury: in both races he was ridden by the Australian jockey A. C. Walker. According to press reports, he was left twenty lengths behind the leaders at the start of the Derby, before staying on strongly in the straight to finish third behind Papyrus and Pharos. He later finished fourth in the St. Leger Stakes to the filly Tranquil. In October, Parth was sent to Paris to contest the fourth running of the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe a race which, while an important international test, had not yet attained the status of Europe's premier weight-for-age contest. After arriving in France at Boulogne, Parth spent thirty hours travelling by train to Paris. Ridden by Frank O'Neill, Parth started at odds of 35/4 and won by a neck from Massine, a French-trained three-year-old who went on to win the race (as well as the Ascot Gold Cup) in 1924.

Racing at age four, Parth's wins included the Great Jubilee Handicap at Kempton Park Racecourse in May in which he defeated Verdict (winner of the Cambridgeshire Handicap and the Coronation Cup) by a short head. In Autumn he ran second to Pharos in the Champion Stakes at Newmarket and third behind the filly Teresina and Papyrus in the Jockey Club Stakes. Parth injured a tendon during the running for the City and Suburban Handicap and was retired in May 1925 to Macomber's stud farm in Normandy.

Stud record
Kingsley Macomber purchased Haras du Quesnay breeding farm in Lower Normandy from William Kissam Vanderbilt and for the 1925 breeding season Parth was retired to stand at stud. As a sire, he met with limited success but did produce Davout, a winner of the 1936 Poule d'Essai des Poulains.

Pedigree

Parth was inbred 3 × 3 to Hampton, meaning that this stallion appears twice in the third generation of his pedigree.

References

1920 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Arc winners
Thoroughbred family 22-d


Richardis of Jülich (1314–1360) was a daughter of Gerhard V of Jülich and Elisabeth of Brabant-Aarschot. She married Otto IV, Duke of Lower Bavaria, son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria, with whom she had one child: Albert of Wittelsbach, who was born in 1332. He predeceased his father. Her husband died in 1334.

1314 births
1360 deaths


Bagrat II () (937–994) was a Georgian prince of the Bagratid dynasty of Tao-Klarjeti and the titular king of Iberia-Kartli from 958 until his death. He was also known as Bagrat Regueni (ბაგრატ რეგუენი), "Regueni" being a moniker rendered in English as "the Simple".

Bagrat was the elder son of Sumbat I, whom he succeeded as “king of the Iberians” in 958. In spite of having a royal status, Bagrat only ruled northern or Hither Tao and, unlike his father, was not bestowed with the high Byzantine court title of curopalates, which was granted to Bagrat’s cousin and the ruler of southern or Thither Tao, Adarnase V. Professor Ekvtime Takaishvili explains Bagrat’s epithet "Regueni" by his younger age upon his accession to the throne. Bagrat frequently appeared as a collaborator of his relative David III of Tao, the most influential person among the Bagratids of that time, aiding him against the Rawadids of Azerbaijan and even against his own son and co-king Gurgen during a brief split among the Bagratids. By 978, Gurgen had become a de facto king of Iberia, while his son Bagrat III had been adopted and designed as heir by David III of Tao, thus setting the stage for future unification of various Georgian polities into a single Bagratid realm.

Bagrat had two sons:
Gurgen (died 1008), his successor as king of Iberia
Sumbat (died 992)

References

937 births
994 deaths
Kings of Bagratid Iberia
Bagrationi dynasty of Iberia
10th-century monarchs of Georgia


Goldsmiths is a luxury jewellery retailer based in the United Kingdom. Established in 1778, the company operates over 120 showrooms across Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

History
Goldsmiths is a jewellery business with over 230 years of tradition and experience, in that time growing to become one of the largest jewellers in the UK. Their first showroom, located in Newcastle, opened in 1778 and is still trading today on the same site. The business has over 120 showrooms nationwide and a trading website.

There have been many notable achievements for Goldsmiths, which include being the UK’s first appointed stockist of Rolex watches. Today, it operates the largest distribution network for Rolex as well as Cartier, Omega, TAG Heuer, Gucci and many other reputable prestige and fashion watch brands.

Sport
Goldsmiths are a sponsor of the Leicester Tigers Rugby Football Club, sponsoring a stand within the Welford Road stadium and the club's Player of the Month Award.

References

External links
 Goldsmiths

Companies based in Leicester
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
Retail companies established in 1778
Companies based in Newcastle upon Tyne
Jewellery retailers of the United Kingdom

 CharlesFish


The BBÖ 114 was a class of one Austrian three-cylinder 2-8-4 express train steam locomotive.

At the same time as plans were developed for the two-cylinder 214 series, design emerged in the Wiener Neustädter Lokomotivfabrik for a three-cylinder engine. In order to be able to compare the two designs it was decided to build a prototype of each one. Number 114.01 was built in the Wiener Neustädter Lokomotivfabrik and delivered in 1929.

In general the advantage of three-cylinder locomotives lies in their more powerful torque and a better balance of the rotating masses, which leads to lower wear and tear. The disadvantage is a higher fuel consumption due to the three steam engines. This was true in the case of 114.01 which in comparison with locomotive 214.01 had a 9% higher consumption of coal. Difficult access to the inside gear and the associated poor maintainability of locomotive 114.01, combined with the fact that 214.01 did better in the trial runs, led to the 214s going into series production. Number 114.01 remained in service with the BBÖ as a one-off.
A visible difference from the 214s is the visible parts of the unusual Marshall valve gear with its rotating camshaft.

In 1938 the Deutsche Reichsbahn redesignated this locomotive as number 12 101.

Number 114.01 was employed on the locomotive schedules (Umlaufplan) of the 214s and, amongst other things, was allowed to head the first Arlberg Orient Express after the Second World War. In 1948 it was converted to oil-firing due to the shortage of coal. On 6 August 1949 the middle cylinder broke. Due to the irreparable damage the locomotive was sidelined and dismantled in 1953.

See also
 Deutsche Reichsbahn
 List of DRG locomotives and railbuses

References

2-8-4 locomotives
141
Wiener Neustädter locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1929
Standard gauge locomotives of Austria
1′D2′ h3 locomotives
Passenger locomotives


The Institute for the Study of Human Knowledge (ISHK) is a non-profit educational charity and publisher established in 1969 by the psychologist and writer Robert E. Ornstein and based in Los Altos, California, in the United States. Its aim is to provide public education and information on issues of health and human nature.

Founder
Robert Ornstein, psychologist, writer and professor at Stanford University, founded and chaired ISHK. He has published over 25 books on the mind and won awards from organizations including the American Psychological Association and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). His work has been featured in a 1974 Time magazine article entitled Hemispheric Thinker. Ornstein is best known for his research on the hemispheric specialization of the brain and the advancement of understanding into how we think. He has also contributed to the London-based Institute for Cultural Research set up by his associate, the writer and Sufi teacher, Idries Shah. The ICR and its associate, Octagon Press have since been replaced by The Idries Shah Foundation and ISF Publishing, respectively.

In 1972, Ornstein published The Psychology of Consciousness.
More recent works include The Right Mind (1997), described as "a cutting edge picture of how the two sides of the brain work".

Robert Ornstein died in December 2018.

Aims and activities
ISHK's primary aim is public education, by providing new information on health and human nature through its book service, through its children's imprint Hoopoe Books and adult imprint Malor Books, which includes the works of Robert Ornstein. Hoopoe Books focuses on publishing traditional children's stories from Afghanistan, Central Asia and the Middle East, including works by Idries Shah, such as The Lion Who Saw Himself in the Water.

The Institute also operates philanthropic projects, including Share Literacy, which provides books for children; support for caregivers; training and support for teachers, and independent program evaluation. Through its Share Literacy Program, Hoopoe Books has partnered with other organizations to give books away to children in low-income areas. It also provides books free of charge to lending libraries.

ISHK has worked with organizations such as The Institute for Cross-cultural Exchange to provide children in Afghanistan with desperately needed books for distribution to schools, orphanages and libraries throughout the country, in order to address the literacy crisis.

Events organized by ISHK include a symposium in 2006 on "The Core of Early Christian Spirituality: Its Relevance to the World Today" which featured presentations by Elaine Pagels, well known for her studies and writing on the Gnostic Gospels (Beyond Belief: A Different View of Christianity); New Testament scholar Bart D. Ehrman (Jesus and the Apocalyptic Vision), and scholar of religion and Professor, Marvin Meyer (Magdalene in the Gnostic Gospels: From the Gospel of Mary to the DaVinci Code, Mary Magdelene in History and Culture). In 1976, Robert Ornstein and Idries Shah presented a seminar, Traditional Esoteric Psychologies in Contemporary Life, in cooperation with The New School, New York City.

In 2010, ISHK set up a web site for a project entitled The Human Journey. It aims to "follow humanity from our origins in Eastern Africa and the Middle East to the present day, with an eye to what comes next."

See also
 Human behavior
 Lateralization of brain function
 Psychology
 The Institute for Cultural Research (1965–2013)
 The Idries Shah Foundation (2013 onwards)

References

External links
 Institute for the Study of Human Knowledge (ISHK) web site
 Institute for the Study of Human Knowledge: The Human Journey
 Share Literacy

Book publishing companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Psychology organizations based in the United States
Consciousness
Companies based in Santa Clara County, California
Educational charities based in the United States
Organizations based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Los Altos, California
Publishing companies established in 1969
1969 establishments in California


The following highways are numbered 821:

Canada
Alberta Highway 821

United Kingdom
 A821 road

United States


Vyas (Byas), is a municipality of Tanahun District located in Gandaki Province in Nepal and incorporates the village Damauli, the district headquarters, for which the municipality is also often referred to as Damauli. The municipality was established by merging the former Village development committee Damauli with several of its neighbors, the most recent merger being the one with Pokhari Bhanjyang in 2014. It lies on the bank of Madi Khola.

It is one of the municipalities, which could be formed after the re-establishment of multiparty democracy in 1991 A.D. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, it had a population of 70,335 people living in 18,339 individual households.

It is believed that Sage Vyasadeva (different from the current Vyasa known as Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa) was born in the vicinity of Vyas, for which the municipality was named after him.

Demographics
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Vyas Municipality had a population of 71,051. Of these, 64.7% spoke Nepali, 14.7% Magar, 6.6% Gurung, 4.7% Newar, 4.6% Darai, 1.0% Urdu, 0.8% Bote, 0.6% Bhojpuri, 0.5% Tamang, 0.4% Dura, 0.3% Maithili, 0.2% Chepang, 0.2% Hindi, 0.1% Bhujel, 0.1% Kumhali, 0.1% Rai, 0.1% Tharu and 0.1% other languages as their first language.

In terms of ethnicity/caste, 20.1% were Magar, 15.4% Hill Brahmin, 13.1% Chhetri, 8.5% Gurung, 8.1% Newar, 7.9% Kami, 4.9% Darai, 4.2% Sarki, 3.7% Damai/Dholi, 2.2% Gharti/Bhujel, 2.0% Kumal, 1.9% Musalman, 1.9% Thakuri, 1.2% Bote, 1.1% Dura, 1.0% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.7% Tamang, 0.3% Chepang/Praja, 0.3% Rai, 0.2% Badi, 0.2% other Dalit, 0.1% Kathabaniyan, 0.1% Teli, 0.1% Tharu, 0.1% Yadav and 0.2% others.

In terms of religion, 88.8% were Hindu, 6.0% Buddhist, 2.1% Christian, 1.8% Muslim, 0.5% Prakriti, 0.4% Bon and 0.4% others.

In terms of literacy, 79.9% could read and write, 2.0% could only read and 18.0% could neither read nor write.

Ward Profile
There are 14 wards in Vyas Municipality:

Media
To promote local culture Vyas has four FM radio stations. That are Radio Bhanubhakta, Damauli F.M, Smart F.M, and Madi Seti FM, all of which are community radio stations.

Transportation
Vyas lies on Prithvi Rajmarg, a highway from Kathmandu to Pokhara.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District
Municipalities in Gandaki Province
Nepal municipalities established in 1992


is a district of Minato, Tokyo, Japan.

The district is home to Zenpuku-ji, a Jōdo Shinshū temple also known as . The embassy of China in Tokyo, and former embassy of Manchuria before World War II, are located in this area.

Moto-Azabu borders Nishi-Azabu on the west, Minami-Azabu on the south, Azabu-Jūban on the east, and Roppongi on the north.

Education
Minato City Board of Education operates public elementary and junior high schools.

Moto-Azabu 1-chōme 1-4 ban, 2-chōme 5-6 and 11-13 ban, and 3-chōme 1-3 and 5-13 ban are zoned to Nanzan Elementary School (南山小学校). Moto-Azabu 1-chome 6-7 ban are zoned to Higashimachi Elementary School (東町小学校). Moto-Azabu 1-chōme 5-ban and 2-chōme 7-10 and 14 ban are zoned to Hommura Elementary School (本村小学校). Moto-Azabu 2-chōme 1-4 ban and 3-chōme 4-ban are zoned to Kogai Elementary School (笄小学校). The Nanzan and Higashimachi elementary zones feed into Roppongi Junior High School (六本木中学校). The Hommura and Kogai elementary zones feed into Koryo Junior High School (高陵中学校).

Azabu High School and the Minato Ward Nanzan elementary school, and Nishimachi International School are located in Moto-Azabu.

References

Geography of Minato, Tokyo


Chhang  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 5966 people living in 1499 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


The Knight of Hope or The Life of Luis Carlos Prestes (Portuguese: O Cavaleiro da Esperança ou Vida de Luis Carlos Prestes) is a 1942 book by Jorge Amado, a biography of the well-known Brazilian revolutionary Luis Carlos Prestes. It has not been published in English.

The Knight of Hope salutes the heroism of Prestes. In 1924 he set out on a 25,000 kilometer march that became known as the Prestes Column. In 1935 he founded the National Liberation Alliance and led the so-called "Communist Conspiracy". He was imprisoned in 1936 by the Getúlio Vargas dictatorship, along with his pregnant wife. The book expresses considerable support for Prestes's positions and indeed admiration for his person. As Amado observed, the book was written “with passion, about someone who is loved”.  However, one critic has argued that Amado’s estimate of the significance of Prestes is somewhat exaggerated, while admitting that the biography "is useful testimony to the relation between art and political life".

Amado himself suffered censorship and political persecution under Brazil’s Estado Novo regime (1937-45). He was imprisoned in both 1936 and 1937, accused of being a Communist and a subversive. In 1937, copies of his various works were burned in a public square in Salvador along with those of others. He decided to write Prestes’ biography in 1941 to campaign for the release of the revolutionary leader, who was still in prison. The book was written in Buenos Aires and published in Spanish language in 1942. Copies were only available on the black market in Brazil, and the text circulated in secret. The Argentine edition was later banned.

The first Brazilian edition was published in 1945, but disappeared from bookstores after the military coup of 1964. The next edition was not published until 1979. Throughout the biography Jorge Amado addresses an imaginary female reader, showing his intention to speak directly to the Brazilian people, encouraging them to support democracy and liberty.

References

1942 non-fiction books
Books by Jorge Amado
Brazilian biographies


Chhimkeshwari  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 1887 people living in 356 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


Marianne Bogestedt is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. She won a gold medal in the classic distance at the World Ski Orienteering Championships in Velingrad in 1977, and received a silver medal with the Swedish relay team.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Swedish orienteers
Female orienteers
Ski-orienteers
20th-century Swedish women


Chhipchhipe  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2398 people living in 322 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


Chok Chisapani  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 4614 people living in 462 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District

nl:Chisapani


Deurali, Tanahu  is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2910 people living in 44 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


Dharampani is a market center in Bandipur Municipality in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. The formerly Village Development Committee was merged to form new municipality since 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3444 people living in 616 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


"Tous Ensemble" is a song recorded in 2002 by French singer Johnny Hallyday. The song was released as a single on 23 April 2002. It was the official anthem of the French football team during the 2002 FIFA World Cup. French singer and songwriter Catherine Lara participated in the writing of the lyrics and produced the song. Michel Sanchez, who was member of the band Deep Forest, co-wrote the lyrics. The song became the second football anthem to reach the top of the singles chart in France, four years after Ricky Martin's hit "La Copa de la Vida". "Tous Ensemble" became Hallyday's first number-one hit on the modern French SNEP Singles Chart since its establishment in 1984. As of July 2014, it is the 102nd best-selling single of the 21st century in France, with 303,000 units sold.

The current chart was established in 1984. He had over 20 number-1 hits in 1960s and 1970s.

Track listings
 CD single
 "Tous ensemble" – 2:45
 "Tous ensemble" (instrumental) – 2:45

Certifications

Charts

References

2002 singles
Association football songs and chants
Johnny Hallyday songs
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles
Mercury Records singles
Universal Music Group singles
2002 songs
Songs written by Michel Sanchez


Route 787, or Highway 787, may refer to:

Canada
Saskatchewan Highway 787

United States


Dhorphirdi  is a town and market center in Shuklagandaki Municipality in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. The formerly Village Development Committee was merged to form the new municipality since 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 10,433 people living in 1915 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


Dulegaunda  is a town and market center in Shuklagandaki Municipality in Tanahun District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. The formerly Village Development Committee was merged to form the new municipality since 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 7412 people living in 1507 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Tanahu District

Populated places in Tanahun District


Superintendent of Finance of the United States was the head of Department of Finance, which is an executive office during the Confederation period with power similar to a finance ministry. The only person to hold the office was Robert Morris, who served from 1781 to 1784, with the assistance of Gouverneur Morris.

Background
Various boards and committees were formed from June 3, 1775 on to handle financial matters for the provisional government of the United States, the Continental Congress. But, as early as 1776, dissatisfaction with this system led Robert Morris, in a message to a Committee of Secret Correspondence, to argue for the use of executives.

Congress was open to other methods of finance administration. In late 1778 after the Franco-American alliance formed, a congressional appeal to Welsh finance writer Dr. Richard Price was made for him to come and reorganize their finances, which he declined. In early 1779, Congress requested that their European agents look into methods of administration for war, treasury and naval departments and other offices, but nothing came of that request.

History

Three executive departments were formed in early 1781, finance, foreign affairs and military affairs under the Articles of Confederation. The Confederation Congress on Wednesday, February 7, 1781, formed a department of finance with its chief officer titled superintendent of finance. Robert Morris was nominated on February 20, accepted on May 14 and took the oath of office in June. Given the terrible state of the economy, Congress gave him a huge grant of powers and agreed to Morris's demand to allow him to continue his private business activities. The superintendent and his assistant served as part of an informal cabinet during this end phase of the war.

The office of Secretary of Marine, basically a Secretary of the Navy predecessor, was also formed in 1781 with Major General Alexander McDougall initially holding the position. This position was soon replaced by the office of Agent of the Marine, which was not directly filled, but taken on voluntarily by the Superintendent.

Morris reduced all governmental expenditures, including those on the military. He purchased military supplies using his own money; at times by borrowing from friends or issuing notes on his credit. Accounting procedures were tightened by his direction. The states were pressed by Morris to come up with money and supplies per their quotas.

The superintendent took out various personal loans and pushed states for funding for the 1781 Yorktown campaign of General George Washington. Additional funds were needed for the campaign, for which a large loan was obtained from France.

The Bank of North America was chartered in December 1781 by the Congress of the Confederation and opened on January 7, 1782, at the prodding of Robert Morris. Morris funded the bank with the French loan and his own fortune. The bank was used as a financier of the war. This was thus the union's first de facto central bank, being the United States' first government-incorporated bank, following in the footsteps of the Bank of England until 1785, when the Bank’s charter within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was revoked.

In 1782, Gouverneur Morris initiated the decimal coinage idea while coining the word "cent" that later became standard for the country's currency.

After Morris left the superintendency on November 1, 1784, the post was superseded by a board.

Powers
Its powers were analogous to that of Secretary of the Treasury or the prime minister of many British Commonwealth countries. Unlike the office of prime minister, the office of superintendent was not held by an individual who was at the time a member of the government. In this way, it was more like the prototype for the soon to be devised office of the presidency.

See also
United States Secretary of the Navy
United States Secretary of the Treasury

Further reading
 Ferguson, E. James. The power of the purse: A history of American public finance, 1776-1790 (1961)

Ver Steeg, Clarence L. Robert Morris, Revolutionary Financier. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1954 ().

References

Continental Congress
Titles held only by one person


The following highways are numbered 747:

Canada
Alberta Highway 747
Saskatchewan Highway 747

Costa Rica
 National Route 747

United States


Örjan Svahn is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. He won a gold medal in the classic distance at the World Ski Orienteering Championships in Velingrad in 1977, and received a gold medal with the Swedish relay team.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Swedish orienteers
Male orienteers
Ski-orienteers


Mount Hope is located at 1 Cheverly Circle in the town of Cheverly, Prince George's County, Maryland.  The plantation house is a two-story, five-bay frame house built in several stages. The three-bay west section was built about 1834, and included an earlier overseer's cabin, c. 1782, with a two-bay "new addition" to the east in the 1860s, after the Civil War. A one-story kitchen wing appears to date from the 1830s as well, building on earlier foundations. A broad front porch was added in the early 20th century along with a 3-bay garage and screened porch (which housed the town's Delco Power Plant).

The home was built by Fielder Magruder, Jr., member of the prominent Magruder family who first settled in Maryland in 1652. Part of the house sits on the stone foundations of an earlier structure. The earlier component is contemporary with an outbuilding c. 1782  which also remain on the property. The town of Cheverly occupies much of the original  tobacco plantation of Fielder Magruder, Jr. The house was formerly the town symbol, appearing on the official town seal and town flag. The house was renovated from 1919 to 1922, as the home and office of Robert Marshall, founder of Cheverly. He lived there until 1929. Cheverly's first mayor owned Mount Hope from 1941 to 1977. It was the town's official symbol from 1931 until 2020 when the town council voted to remove the image of the plantation from the seal. The property was extensively restored in 1985 and 2005 by the current owners, Drs. Elizabeth Tuckermanty and Dale Manty.

Historical myths abound regarding a number of events at Mount Hope over its approximately 232 years as a residence. These include British troops allegedly stopping at the Magruder Spring on the plantation on August 24, 1814, en route to the armed resistance at the Battle of Bladensburg and burning of Washington. And there is the case of a young nephew (John?) Magruder, lieutenant in the CSA, mortally wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg, transported by buckboard (behind enemy lines) to his aunt and uncle's house where he died a fortnight after arriving. The mythical ghost of a young woman associate of Lieutenant Magruder, with a wry sense of humor, occasionally visits Mount Hope.

References

External links
, including photo in 1977, at Maryland Historical Trust website

Houses in Prince George's County, Maryland
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Plantation houses in Maryland
National Register of Historic Places in Prince George's County, Maryland


Route 598, or Highway 598, may refer to:

Canada
 Alberta Highway 598
  Ontario Highway 598

Ireland
  R598 regional road

United Kingdom
  A598 road

United States


Jan-Erik Thorn is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. He received a silver medal in the classic distance at the World Ski Orienteering Championships in Avesta in 1980, and received a gold medal with the Swedish relay team.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Swedish orienteers
Male orienteers
Ski-orienteers


The following highways are numbered 488:

Canada
Manitoba Provincial Road 488

Japan
 Japan National Route 488

United States
  Maryland Route 488
  Mississippi Highway 488
  Nevada State Route 488
  New York State Route 488
  Pennsylvania Route 488
  Puerto Rico Highway 488


The NS Mat '64 or Materieel '64 were electric multiple units (EMU) built by Werkspoor and later by Duewag and Waggonfabrik Talbot between 1961 and 1976. They were operated in the Netherlands by the Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) until 2016. The equipment consisted of independent four and two-car train sets called Plan T and Plan V: the Plan T is a 4-car EMU, and the Plan V is a 2-car EMU. Materieel '64 is sometimes nicknamed 'Apekoppen' (literal translation: 'monkey heads') and 'Standaard Stoptrein' ('Standard slow train') due to their distinct shape.

Plan V was, for many years, with 246 units (although only 245 were present at the same time), the largest series of Nederlandse Spoorwegen rolling stock, until the arrival of the VIRM. A number of train sets were also leased to and used by various regional carriers. Materieel '64 has been in service for 55 years, from 1961 to 2016, on the Dutch railway network.

Appearance
The Materieel '64 rolling stock has a convex nose, like the Materieel '54 rolling stock, to protect the train operator in case of an accident. It, however, sticks out less far than the Materieel '54 rolling stock and looks more like the Plan U rolling stock nose.

Originally, Plan T and the 30 oldest Plan V train sets were green with a light yellow band. From the in 1968 delivered 431 train set onwards, they were delivered in the new NS color scheme, which consisted of a yellow with gray and slanted blue advertising tracks. The reason for this, was to give the railways a new impetus in the context of Spoorslag '70. The older green train sets also received the new color scheme in the following years.

Manufacturing
The Materieel '64 prototype, Plan TT (Treinstel Toekomst, translation: 'Trainset Future') 501, was built by Werkspoor in 1961. In the years 1964-1965 the follow-up series Plan T was built and delivered in three partial series. Most trains where scrapped.

Plan V was delivered in 13 partial series in ten years (from 1966 to 1976). The first train set was already scrapped before the last train sets were delivered. The last two series (V12 and V13) are as old or even newer than the oldest SGM train sets. As of 2016, all of the train sets have been put out of service.

Design
The Materieel '64 design is derived from the DMU Plan U, which had been built a few years prior. It was the first rolling stock with the later frequently used swivel doors. The Scharfenberg coupler allows the train to travel as a consist, but not with other rolling stock. A notable difference between Plan T and Plan V is the number of train carriages: four (Plan T) and two (Plan V) respectively - the letter is therefore not the initial letter of the number of train carriages. Furthermore, the corner windows on the cabin at the head of the train were painted gray on Plan T and yellow on Plan V.

Notable Materieel '64 innovations compared to older rolling stock included:
 double one-legged pantograph in the middle
 buttons on the inside and outside of the train for opening and closing the doors with central door lock (the conductor no longer has to walk along the train to close the doors)
 locked doors (passengers are no longer able to open the doors during the journey)
 electronic departure signal (the operator sees a light on his instrument panel and no longer has to wait until the conductor gives the departure signal)
 destination sign
Older train sets and carriages were later provided with central door lock and broadcasting system.

Not everything was renewed, for example, the characteristic heavy engine noise was maintained and the train sets all had a brake pad, a braking system in which a cast iron block is pushed onto the wheel tire when the train set starts to brake. This brake system leads to a roughening of the running surface, making the tire rolling noise high. More modern trains have a disc brake, which makes these trains quieter. The brake pad also causes a loud screeching sound at the end of the braking distance.

Withdrawal
In July 2010 the last Plan T EMUs were taken out of service. As of December 2012, only a small amount of routes were being served by Materieel '64 normally. They also had been used widely in 2010 and 2012 winters when many newer SLT's were out of service, due to winter problems.

In 2015 there were still 40 Plan V sets in service, used on stopping services outside the Randstad.

In late 2015, Nederlandse Spoorwegen announced the withdrawal of the remaining Plan V sets in the 2016 timetable, starting in December 2015. However, due to a shortage of rolling stock, several sets were kept in service until the 4th of April 2016, when the last sets were finally taken out of service. Many sets have been scrapped.

Details
In total there were 246 Plan V sets and 31 Plan T sets built, the table shows details of these sets.

Services operated
The services that remained for Mat '64 in 2015 are listed below. These were all taken over by other rolling stock from April 2016 onwards.

Timetable 2016
Since the beginning of timetable 2016, which started on December 13, 2015, the Nederlandse Spoorwegen planned to take all Materieel '64 trains out of service. However, that was not possible because there was a lack of deployable trains. That is also the reason why the Materieel ’64 trains could still be seen on some routes in early 2016. However, the trains were not scheduled to drive following a schedule; they will be operating on routes where they’re needed instead. In many cases, they will be seen on the same routes as they were driving on in 2015.

From the original 246 Materieel ’64 Plan V trains, the following 28 trains remain available for service; nrs. 441, 443, 444, 446, 447, 449–458, 463–466, 469, 471, 474, 475, 478–480, 482 and 965. These were all taken out of service on the 4th of April 2016.

Gallery

References

External links

Electric multiple units of the Netherlands
Waggonfabrik Talbot
Train-related introductions in 1961
1500 V DC multiple units of the Netherlands


Representations or analogues of one or more of the nine Muses of Greek mythology have appeared in many different modern fictional works.

The list of Muses comprises:

 Calliope, the Muse of epic poetry
 Clio, the Muse of history
 Erato, the Muse of love poetry
 Euterpe, the Muse of music
 Melpomene, the Muse of tragedy
 Polyhymnia, the Muse of hymns
 Terpsichore, the Muse of dance
 Thalia, the Muse of comedy
 Urania/Ourania, the Muse of astronomy

The Nine Muses

Literature
 The Muses are mentioned several times throughout Rick Riordan's mythological series: Percy Jackson and the Olympians, Heroes of Olympus and The Trials of Apollo.

Popular music
In 2010, a South Korean all-female idol group debuted under the name 'Nine Muses'.

Film and television
In the anime series Love Live! School Idol Project, the musical group, μ's, is named after the Muses, and there are nine members, just as there are nine Muses.
In the anime series Kiddy Grade, several sister ships to those of the main characters are named for Muses including Calliope, Clio, Terpsichore, Erato, Euterpe, Thalia, and Polyhymnia.
 In the 2017 film Muse, a writer is inspired by several Muses.
 In the writing of the 2019 film Uncut Gems, Julia Fox was Josh Safdie's muse.
 In "Muse to My Ear", a 2001 season 4 episode of the television supernatural drama Charmed, the Charmed Ones must protect the Muses from a warlock who is trapping them into a magical ring.
 The 1980 film Xanadu, a fantasy musical revolving around Terpsichore inspiring an artist and a businessman to create a roller-skating rink/disco, stars Olivia Newton-John and, in his last film appearance, Gene Kelly.
 In the episode "Threshold" of The Waltons, John Boy considers using the Muses as a presentation to promote a new department of television at his college.

Calliope

Literature

The Muse Calliope is a character in the graphic novel Sandman, by Neil Gaiman. Her story, "Calliope" is in the 1990 trade paperback Dream Country. According to the comic's canon, Calliope was the youngest (rather than the eldest) Muse as well as a one-time lover of Dream, by whom she bore Orpheus.
She is referenced in the 1923 poem "Aci sosi pe vremuri" ("Here arrived long ago") by Romanian poet Ion Pillat.
A character from the internet fiction series Homestuck is named Calliope, since they are a "Muse of Space".

Film and television
 Calliope features in the 1997 Walt Disney Pictures film Hercules, appearing alongside the Muses Clio, Melpomene, Terpsichore, and Thalia, who collectively serve as a Greek chorus. The tallest of the five, Calliope sometimes acts as de facto leader and spokeswoman for the others. She was voiced by Tony Award winner Lillias White, who reprised the role in the subsequent TV series.
 In the 2002 episode "Out of Sync" from the animated series Cyberchase, Calliope plays her lyre and she is one of the four Mount Olympus band members with Apollo the Greek god of music (who plays the gong), Himaropa the siren (who plays the French horn), and the Beast (who plays the drums).
 In the 2014 season 10 episode of Supernatural, "Fan Fiction", Calliope appears as the antagonist.
 In the 2022 Netflix series The Sandman, Calliope is played by Greek-Canadian actress Melissanthi Mahut.
 In the DC comics-based television series Titans there is an AI called Calliope.
In the TV show Dietland (2018) The feminist collective of peaceful resistance is called “Calliope House”. When Plum has a date and talks about it she says “what does calliope even mean, anyway?” He says “a clown, I think.”

Clio
In Batman: The Animated Series, Clio is the name of criminal mastermind Maxie Zeus's girlfriend and assistant. Maxie suffers from a god complex, believing that he is the Greek god Zeus and that his girlfriend is the same name Muse of History.
The Cleo of Alpha Chi literary society at Trinity College is named after Clio.
Clio features in the 1997 Walt Disney Pictures film Hercules, appearing alongside the muses Calliope, Melpomene, Terpsichore and Thalia, who collectively serve as a Greek chorus. She was voiced by Vanéese Y. Thomas, who reprised the role in the subsequent TV series.
Clio (also known as "Kira") is the lead character in the 2007 musical Xanadu, which is based on the 1980 film of the same name.  She was played by Kerry Butler in the original Broadway production.
The muse Clio is a character in Piers Anthony's Xanth series. She features as the protagonist in the 2004 book Currant Events.
The muse Clio is a main supporting character in Jodi Taylor's The Chronicles of St. Mary's series – using the name "Mrs. Partridge" as a cover while working as the personal assistant to Dr. Bairstowe. Her true identity as Clio is known only by the series protagonist Dr. Maxwell.
Several Muses are the focus of the 2007 musical Xanadu, which is based on the 1980 film of the same name. The story revolves around Clio, who is played by Kerry Butler.
In the 2017 film Wonder Woman, Wonder Woman refers to Clio as the name of the author of the 12 volumes of Treatises on Bodily Pleasure.

Erato
Erato is a character in the 2007 musical Xanadu, which is based on the 1980 film of the same name.  She was played by Kenita R. Miller in the original Broadway production.

Euterpe
 In the anime series Guilty Crown, main character Inori Yuzuriha is best known for her song "Euterpe".
 Euterpe is one of the 50 Spacer worlds in Isaac Asimov's Robot Series. It features a small moon called Gemstone.
 In a cantata by Strozzi Barbara, the composer puts her songs around the muse.

Melpomene
Melpomene features in the 1997 Walt Disney Pictures film Hercules, appearing alongside the muses Calliope, Clio, Terpsichore and Thalia, who collectively serve as a Greek chorus. She was voiced by Broadway actress Cheryl Freeman, who reprised the role in the subsequent TV series.
Melpomene is a character in the 2007 musical Xanadu, which is based on the 1980 film of the same name.  She was played by Mary Testa in the original Broadway production.
Melpomene is a main character in the French novella Anathemae by Emilio Bouzamondo. She is the origin of the tragedy of the main characters. She appears with a billy goat at her side.
Melpomene is a song by The Dear Hunter from the 2016 album Act V: Hymns with the Devil in Confessional.

Polyhymnia

Polyhymnia is one of the main characters in the 1955 Tom Puss story De Muzenis.
The protagonist of Madeleine L'Engle's Polly O'Keefe novels is named after the muse Polyhymnia.

Terpsichore

Literature
In Daniel Quinn's 1997 novel My Ishmael, the fictional planet Terpsichore is a land ravished by dancing, with dancing paralleling the rise of agriculture on Earth. Dancing (in an unspecified manner) speeds up the growth of the natives' "favorite foods".

Film and television
The muse Terpsichore is the protagonist in the 1947 film Down to Earth. She is portrayed by Rita Hayworth.
"Terpsichorean" was a popular adjective in Victorian music hall hyperbole. The long-running BBC TV series The Good Old Days recreated this style, with Leonard Sachs playing a compère with a notable fondness for the word, and in the Monty Python Cheese Shop sketch, John Cleese's character denies complaining about the music with the line "Heaven forbid. I am one who delights in all manifestations of the Terpsichorean muse."
In the 1980 film Xanadu, Olivia Newton-John plays Kira, another version of Terpsichore, the muse of dancing and chorus, who inspires an artist Michael Beck and his bandleader friend Gene Kelly to open a nightclub.
 Terpsichore is mentioned in master poet Tony Harrison's 1992 Film-Poem The Gaze of the Gorgon: 'Terpsichore, the Muse who sees, her dances done by amputees'
Terpsichore features in the 1997 Walt Disney Pictures film Hercules, appearing alongside the muses Calliope, Clio, Melpomene and Thalia, who collectively serve as a Greek chorus. She was voiced by Tony Award winner LaChanze, who reprised the role in the subsequent TV series. She had a prominent role in the episode Hercules and the Muse of Dance, where she teaches him to dance so he can pass in phys ed and be a better hero.
In the 1998 anime series Cowboy Bebop, two characters take their names from the muse: Valeria Terpsichore and her unseen, but alluded to, husband Ural Terpsichore.

Theater
Terpsichore is a character in the 2007 musical Xanadu, which is based on the 1980 film of the same name.  Her part is always played by a man in drag. She was played by Andre Ward in the original Broadway production.

Thalia
The comic mask of Thalia featured in each title card of every Three Stooges short produced from the 1945 Idiots Deluxe until their final one in 1959, Sappy Bull Fighters.
Thalia features in the 1997 Walt Disney Pictures film Hercules, appearing alongside the muses Calliope, Clio, Melpomene and Terpsichore, who collectively serve as a Greek chorus. Portrayed as short and plump, she has the deepest voice amongst the five Muses depicted, and true to nature, makes the funniest comments. She was voiced by Roz Ryan, who reprised the role in the subsequent TV series.
In a 2003 Static Shock episode "Hard as Nails", Harley Quinn uses the alias "Thalia".
Thalia is a character in the 2007 musical Xanadu, which is based on the 1980 film of the same name.  Her part is always played by a man in drag. She was played by Curtis Holbrook in the original Broadway production.
The German bookstore chain Thalia is named after the muse.
The Muse of Comedy was in the last episode of season two of The Mr. Peabody and Sherman Show, only it was a grotesque man named Phillip.

See also
 The Muses (1578 painting by Tintoretto)
Thalia Theatre (disambiguation)

References

Classical mythology in popular culture
Greek and Roman deities in fiction
Greek Muses


Andrew Belton (17 April 1882 – 1970) was a British Army officer and veteran of campaigns in South Africa and Morocco. He was an early exponent of the use of aircraft for military purposes, enrolling at the Chicago School of Aviation in April, 1911. He was an entrepreneur who registered a number of companies in the newly established Irish Free State.

Military career
Following the deaths of two of his brothers during the Second Boer War, and though under age, Belton enlisted and saw service in Africa. On his return to England, he became aware of the developing military dispute in Morocco, subsequently known as the First Moroccan Crisis. Having apparently resigned his military commission, he assisted Abdelhafid, Caliph of Marrakesh pretender to the sultanate, in overthrowing his brother Abdelaziz, then sultan of Morocco, in a coup d'état known as the Hafidiya. This is how Belton acquired the title Kaid, or Commander.

During the Spanish Civil War, he was arrested in Seville having crossed the border from Gibraltar. He was instrumental in establishing the Independent Overseas Command of the Legion of Frontiersmen in Africa.

Broadcasting enquiry
In 1924, Belton was at the centre of an investigation concerning allegations of Government corruption in the Irish Free State. He came to public attention when a letter from him to the Irish Postmaster General, J. J. Walsh was revealed by Walsh. Accusations of impropriety centered around the business relationship between Belton and Deputy Darrell Figgis, and Wireless Broadcasting concessions, which led to Belton almost gaining control of the Irish Broadcasting Company. The ensuing scandal finished Figgis' political career.

Death
Andrew Belton died in South Africa in 1970 at the age of 88. He was survived by his third wife, Kathleen Belton née Mossop, who was a niece of the late Dean F.C Clayton, and also a son and daughter who lived in the south of England.

References

External links
 Kaid Belton, The King Maker, and his bride, Mima Babin Undated wedding photograph.

1882 births
1970 deaths
People from Cleator Moor
Moroccan military personnel
Legion of Frontiersmen members
British colonial army officers
British Yeomanry soldiers
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
Royal Fusiliers officers
British Army personnel of World War I
Knights of the Order of St. Sylvester
Date of death missing
Place of death missing


The following highways are numbered 481:

Canada
Manitoba Provincial Road 481

Hungary
 Main road 481 (Hungary)

Japan
 Japan National Route 481

United States
 Interstate 481
 Maryland Route 481
 New York State Route 481
 Pennsylvania Route 481
 Puerto Rico Highway 481


Jeff Browning is an American ultramarathon runner and coach. After moving to Bend, Oregon, Browning transitioned from mountain biking to ultrarunning, and has since won more than two dozen 100 mile races. Previously a graphic designer, Browning has been a professional runner and coach since 2017. He was listed as one of the top 10 ultrarunners of the year by Ulrarunning Magazine in 2019, 2021, and 2022, and is the oldest runner ever to be included in these awards. He attributes his success and longevity in the sport to not only a high volume of running, but an additional focus on cross training, strength and mobility work, and adherence to a low carb, high fat diet.

Selected race results

Wins
 Hardrock 100
 Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run
 Bighorn 100
 Moab 240
 Coldwater Rumble 100
 Mogollon Monster 100
 HURT 100
 Cascade Crest
 Tarawera 100

References

External links
 Personal website

American male ultramarathon runners
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American people


Claes Berglund is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. He won a gold medal in the classic distance at the World Ski Orienteering Championships in Batak in 1986, and he was part of the Swedish relay team, which  placed fourth.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Swedish orienteers
Male orienteers
Ski-orienteers
20th-century Swedish people


The following highways are numbered 474:

Canada
Manitoba Provincial Road 474

Japan
 Japan National Route 474

United States
  Interstate 474
  County Road 474 (Lake County, Florida)
  Maryland Route 474
  New York State Route 474
  Pennsylvania Route 474
  Puerto Rico Highway 474
  Tennessee State Route 474
 Texas:
  Texas State Highway Spur 474
  Ranch to Market Road 474


The following highways are numbered 458:

Canada
Manitoba Provincial Road 458

Japan
 Japan National Route 458

United States
  Indiana State Road 458
  Maryland Route 458
  New York State Route 458
  Pennsylvania Route 458 (former)
  Puerto Rico Highway 458
  Farm to Market Road 458


The express train locomotives of Oldenburg Class S 10 were built for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways for duties on the Bremen–Oldenburg–Wilhelmshaven line, which was the most important express route in Oldenburg. They were amongst the few locomotives of this railway company that were not based on those of the Prussian state railways, because the light railway track dictated that they had to have an average axle load of no more than 15 t which was lower than that on comparable Prussian vehicles.

The three vehicles of this class were built by Hanomag from 1917 and had a 2-6-2 (Prairie) wheel arrangement which was rare for Germany. They had Lentz valve gear which was typical of Oldenburg. The engines had an uneven distribution of load, however, as well as poor riding qualities and were often bedevilled with boiler problems. In addition, an incorrect matching of the radiative and tube heating areas led to leaks in sides of the tubes.

The three S 10 engines were grouped by the Deutsche Reichsbahn into Class 16 with operating numbers 16 001–16 003. They were the only express train locomotives with a 2-6-2 wheel arrangement and therefore had their own class. After the lines were upgraded to 17 tonnes axle load, the temperamental S 10s were retired by 1926 and replaced by Prussian P 8s that had been employed in Oldenburg since 1921.

The locomotives were coupled with Oldenburg class 2'2' T 20 tenders.

See also
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways
List of Oldenburg locomotives and railbuses
Länderbahnen

References

2-6-2 locomotives
S 10
Railway locomotives introduced in 1917
Hanomag locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
1′C1′ h2 locomotives
Passenger locomotives


The following highways are numbered 446:

Japan
 Japan National Route 446

United States
  Indiana State Road 446
  Kentucky Route 446
  Maryland Route 446
  Nevada State Route 446
  New Jersey Route 446 (unsigned designation for the Atlantic City Expressway)
  New Jersey Route 446X (unsigned designation for the Atlantic City–Brigantine Connector)
  New Mexico State Road 446
  New York State Route 446
  Ohio State Route 446
  Pennsylvania Route 446
  Puerto Rico Highway 446


Oxford Portraits in Science is a collection of biographies of famous scientists for young adults edited by the Harvard University astronomer Owen Gingerich.
Each book portrays the life and personality of an eminent scientist, and the thought processes by which they made their discoveries.

The series is notable as an example of the Sobel effect - an interest in popular accounts of scientific history and biography, stimulated by the success of the book Longitude written by journalist Dava Sobel.  Some works in this series have also been written by science journalists as well as scientists and science historians.

Works

References

Series of non-fiction books


Anders Björkman is a Swedish ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. He won a gold medal in the classic distance at the World Ski Orienteering Championships in Skellefteå in 1990. He received individual bronze medals in 1988 and 1990.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Swedish orienteers
Male orienteers
Ski-orienteers
20th-century Swedish people


"War is Hell" is a phrase attributed to American Civil War general William Tecumseh Sherman. It may also refer to:

War Is Hell (comics), a 1973–1975 Marvel Comics series
War Is Hell (film), a 1961 American war film by Burt Topper, starring Audie Murphy
"War Is Hell (On the Homefront Too)", a 1982 song by T. G. Sheppard
War Is Hell, a 2004 album by the Warriors
"War Is Hell", a 2017 song by Ho99o9 from United States of Horror

See also
 "War Is the H-Word", a 2000 episode of Futurama


Milton Elting Hebald (May 24, 1917 – January 5, 2015) was a sculptor who specialized in figurative bronze works. Twenty-three of his works are displayed in public in New York City, including the statues of Romeo and Juliet and The Tempest in front of the Delacorte Theatre in Central Park. His major work is a , 12-piece "Zodiac Screen", then the largest sculpture in the world, commissioned by Pan-American Airlines for its terminal at John F. Kennedy International Airport, and now owned and stored by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.

Early life
Hebald was born in New York City. He studied at several New York art schools, starting at the age of ten, including the Art Students League of New York, the National Academy of Design and the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design.   In New York City he taught at the Art Students League, The Cooper Union, American Artists School and also privately .  He also taught at the Brooklyn Museum of Art, Skowhegan School of Art, in Maine, and at the University of Minnesota. He has been a guest lecturer and teacher at many other academic institutions.

Hebald had his first one-man show at the age of 20, in New York City. He is currently exclusively represented by the Pushkin Gallery in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Hebald was awarded the Prix de Rome Fellowship to the American Academy in Rome in 1955, 1956 and 1957. He stayed in Italy, living in Rome, with his wife, painter, Cecille Rosner Hebald, until 1970 when they moved to Bracciano, 25 miles outside Rome. In 2004, six years after his wife's death, he returned to the United States. Hebald lived in Los Angeles at the time of his death. near to
his daughter, Margo Hebald (aka Margo Hebald-Heymann), Architect, granddaughter Lara Hebald Embry and great-granddaughter Cecille Tuccillo all of whom live in California.

Work
Hebald created a series of pieces in 1960 featuring representations of the Zodiac on the exterior of the Pan American World Airways Worldport at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. A  and  windscreen in front of the terminal's entrance was adorned with bas relief representations of the 12 signs of the zodiac, visible from both outside and inside the terminal building. When it was created, it was the largest such work in the world. As part of renovations, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey removed the sculptures, which sit unused in a hangar at the airport.
Hebald has created a pair of statues in front of Central Park's Delacorte Theatre. The bronze unveiled in 1966 features Prospero, the protagonist of William Shakespeare's play The Tempest. The piece was a gift of George T. Delacorte Jr., who also donated the Delacorte Theatre. A   bronze of Prospero and Miranda by Hebald was dedicated in Central Park in honor of Joseph Papp, founder of the New York Shakespeare Festival. Hebald's sculpture of Romeo and Juliet was dedicated outside the Delacorte Theater in 1977.

Hebald created a bust of operatic tenor Richard Tucker for Richard Tucker Park, located in front of Lincoln Center, at the corner of Broadway and Columbus Avenue at 66th Street. Dedicated on April 20, 1980, the statue consists of a larger-than-life size bronze portrait on a  granite pedestal. The original 1978 proposal for a seven-foot statue of Tucker, depicted in the role of Des Grieux in the opera Manon Lescaut by Giacomo Puccini, had been opposed by a member of Manhattan Community Board 7, who felt that the piece should have been placed in the Metropolitan Opera Hall of Fame, and not on public property.

In Zurich, Switzerland, Hebald was commissioned to do a life sized, full figure portrait of James Joyce, for Joyce's tomb. He also made a bust of British novelist Anthony Burgess, to whom he once also sold a house near Rome. Burgess was quoted in 1971 as saying Hebald was "without doubt the most important living figure sculptor." In Los Angeles, two of his bronze works were commissioned for the Adam's sculpture garden surrounding the Stuart Ketchum YMCA, the "Olympiad" in tribute to the 1984 Olympics held in Los Angeles, and "Handstand", depicting an acrobatic young boy which echos the "Y" logo.

Later life
After living near his granddaughter and great-granddaughter in Los Angeles, and continuing to sculpt in Terra Cotta and draw, Milton Hebald died on January 5, 2015, at the age of 97, in West Hollywood, California.

References

1917 births
2015 deaths
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century male artists
Art Students League of New York faculty
Art Students League of New York alumni
Cooper Union faculty
University of Minnesota faculty
21st-century American sculptors
21st-century male artists
American male sculptors
Artists from New York City
Sculptors Guild members
Sculptors from New York (state)
Beaux-Arts Institute of Design (New York City) alumni


The following highways are numbered 423:

Canada
Manitoba Provincial Road 423

Japan
 Japan National Route 423

United States
  Florida State Road 423
  County Road 423 (Florida)
  Louisiana Highway 423
  Maryland Route 423
  New Mexico State Road 423
  New York State Route 423
  Ohio State Route 423
  Pennsylvania Route 423
  Puerto Rico Highway 423
  Farm to Market Road 423