The Man Back There, David Crouse's second collection of short fiction, was awarded the Mary McCarthy Prize in Short Fiction in 2007. Selected by judge Mary Gaitskill, the collection is a \portrayal of nine very different—but also very similar—men living on the margins of society.

Andre Dubus III, author of the best-selling House of Sand and Fog, says of The Man Back There, "In this virtuoso collection of stories, David Crouse guides us directly to where the shadow lies - the disorienting loss, the surprising heartache, the forgotten wound - those inevitable areas of the psyche we all share and through which only truth, illuminatedwith a such a light touch here, can deliver us; The Man Back There and Other Stories is the work of the real thing."

In her introduction to The Man Back There, Gaitskill writes simply, "I chose these stories because they made me feel...."

External links
 Sarabande Books official site
 Review at booksluts.com
 San Francisco Chronicle Review
 O, The Oprah Magazine Review

2007 short story collections
American short story collections


The Melbourne Palestine Solidarity Network (MPSN) are a grouping of individuals, community groups and activists based in Melbourne, Australia. They oppose what they see as Israeli aggression towards not just Palestinians but neighboring countries such as Lebanon. MPSN is known for organising demonstrations and campaigns against Israel and its supporters.

References

External links
 Melbourne Palestine Solidarity Network website

Non-governmental organizations involved in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process
Palestinian solidarity movement


The Studdogs was an American rock band from Orlando, Florida, United States.  The band's music contains elements of punk, blues rock, garage rock, and noise rock.  The band was formed in 2000 and stayed active until 2005. They released a lot of material, particularly the album, The Gospel According to the Studdogs and the 7" vinyl three-song EP, and gained local and national notoriety.  They were featured in several national music magazines, including Magnet and Amplifier.  Comparisons were made to the Stooges, Dead Boys, and it was said they sounded "like absolute victory by way of slurring, Rolling Stones-y garage rock from nowhere in particular."  Their drunken, abrasive live shows often ended with someone bleeding or being thrown out of the venue.  Their live shows were said to be "what Howling Wolf would sound like through a wall of noise and distortion."    The band was signed by Orange Recordings in Los Angeles and toured all over the country, sharing bills with the Demolition Doll Rods, Bob Log III, The Fleshtones, and Immortal Lee County Killers and a one-time show with the Suicide Girls Burlesque Tour in Orlando.  While in the Studdogs, Rich Evans began promoting concerts under the tag 'Mutiny Productions'. He now heads the independent Florida's Dying label, promoting and releasing material from the Florida-underground music scene.  Kyle Justin joined the band on drums in early 2002 to replace Jason, who was moving to Texas.  Kyle vacated his position as drummer in 2003 to pursue a music career in Los Angeles.  Eric Gebhardt left the band in 2005 to pursue a solo career under the alias Red Mouth.

Discography

Albums
The Gospel According to the Studdogs (2004) – Orange Recordings

EPs
Thousands of Degrees Hot! And Not a Drop of Water (2001) – Mutiny Productions

References

External links
The Studdogs @ Orange Recordings
Florida's Dying official site
Red Mouth's official site
Skeleteen's official site
[ The Studdogs @ Allmusic.com]

Punk rock groups from Florida
Musical groups from Orlando, Florida


Dr. Music was a Toronto jazz group founded in 1969 by producer, arranger and performer Doug Riley. The band recorded three albums and toured across Canada.  The personnel of the band changed throughout its history, with Riley remaining at the core of the group.

History
In 1969, Doug Riley became the music director for the television show "The Ray Stevens Show".  He was asked to put together a group of musicians to play for the 1969–1970 season of the show.  Riley's 16-piece vocal and instrumental band became known as Dr. Music.  When the show was cancelled in 1970, Dr. Music remained together to record and tour Western Canada.  Riley became partners with producer Terry Brown to form the Toronto Sound Recording Studio where Dr. Music recorded from 1970 to 1971.

At this point, Dr. Music joined forces with the Canadian duo Terry Black and Laurel Ward, which led to a more vocal-driven sound for the band.  In 1972, GRT Record Company released the group's first recording entitled Dr. Music, which included the hits "Sun Goes By", "One More Mountain to Climb", and "Try a Little Harder".  This album was produced by Riley and co-arranged by Riley and Steve Kennedy.  Because of the number of singers in the band, this album had a gospel-rock feel, although it still fit within the jazz rock genre.

Shortly after Dr. Music's album release, the group disbanded, despite the success of the single "Sun Goes By".  This gave Riley an opportunity to concentrate on his studio position at Toronto Sound Recording.  In 1973, Doug Riley assembled a second version of Dr. Music.  This group, however, was only a seven-piece ensemble.  This new version of Dr. Music toured Western and Eastern Canada and released a new album, Dr. Music II .  The group split up in 1974.

Riley continued to produce and arrange for television shows.  From 1973 to 1974, he worked as a music director on Keith Hampshire's television series "Music Machine".  In 1974, he formed the third version of Dr. Music which became the house band of the show.  This group recorded the album Bedtime Story at Toronto Sound Studios during February and March 1974.  Bedtime Story consisted of jazz compositions by Riley and his band members, Claude Ranger and Don Thompson, and belonged to the genre of progressive jazz rock.

Dr. Music continued to be a leading jazz band within Toronto throughout the 1970s but formally disbanded in 1977.  In 1984, Riley resurrected the idea Dr. Music by creating a group composed of his musical friends.  Together they recorded the album Dr. Music Circa 1984.

Members of Dr. Music
1972 Dr. Music:
Doug Riley (keyboards),
Laurel Ward (vocals),
Rhonda Silver (vocals),
Brenda Gordon (vocals),
Terry Black (vocals, harmonica),
Diane Brooks (vocals),
Trudy Desmond (vocals),
Michael Kennedy (congas),
Steve Kennedy (vocals, tenor sax, flute),
Brian Russell (vocals),
Terry Clarke (drums),
Kenny Marco (guitar),
Doug Mallory (vocals, guitar),
Don Thompson (bass, vibes, percussion),
Bruce Cassidy (trumpet, flugelhorn),
Gary Morgan (clarinet, baritone sax, alto flute),
Keith Jollimore (vocals, baritone, alto & tenor sax, flute), and
Barrie Tallman (trombone)

1973 Dr. Music II:
Doug Riley (keyboards),
Doug Mallory (lead vocals, guitar),
Wayne Stone (drums),
Michael Kennedy (vocals, percussion),
Steve Kennedy (vocals, tenor & alto sax, flute),
Keith Jollimore (vocals; baritone, tenor sax; flute),
Barrie Tallman (trombone),

1974 Bedtime Story:
Doug Riley (keyboards),
Doug Mallory (lead vocals, guitar),
Claude Ranger (drums),
Bruce Cassidy (trumpet, fluegel horn),
Don Thompson (electric & acoustic bass),
Dave Brown (drums),
Steve Kennedy (vocals, tenor sax, flute),
Keith Jollimore (vocals, baritone, alto sax, flute), and
Barrie Tallman (trombone)

Discography

Albums
Dr. Music (GRT of Canada, Ltd. Record Company) (1972) #23 CAN
Dr. Music II (GRT) (1973) #78 CAN
Bedtime Story (GRT) (1974)
Dr. Music Circa 1984 (CTL, Canadian Talent Library Trust) (1985)

Compilations
Retrospective (GRT) (1975)

Singles
Try A Little Harder (GRT) 1971  #78 CAN
One More Mountain To Climb (GRT) 1971 #14 CAN
Gospel Rock (GRT) (1972) #65 CAN
Sun Goes By (GRT) (1972) #23 CAN
Long Time Comin' Home (GRT) (1972) #28 CAN

Post Dr. Music
Many of the members of Dr. Music went on to pursue their own musical careers.  Don Thompson continued as a jazz bassist and piano player, winning two Juno awards. Keith Jollimore and Bruce Cassidy became members of the Canadian rock band, Lighthouse.  Doug Riley, who became known by the nickname Dr. Music, continued to perform, compose, and arrange.  He collaborated on more than 300 recordings with musicians such as Moe Koffman, Anne Murray, David Clayton-Thomas, Gordon Lightfoot, the Brecker Brothers, Bob Seger, Ray Charles, Molly Johnson, and Natalie MacMaster.  He also recorded a number of solo albums including Dreams (1976), Freedom (1990), Con Alma (1994), and A Lazy Afternoon (1997).  Riley won Jazz Report's "jazz organist of the year" from 1993 to 2000.  In 2003 he became a member of the Order of Canada.
Brenda Russell (née Gordon), a member of Dr. Music in 1972, recorded nine solo albums and wrote "Piano in the Dark," which received three Grammy Award nominations. The title track of Brenda's 4th album "Get Here" was covered by Oleta Adams and became a worldwide hit. Together with lyricists-composers Allee Willis and Stephen Bray, she wrote the score for the 2005 Broadway musical version of Alice Walker's The Color Purple, produced by Oprah Winfrey. Russell and her co-writers were nominated for a Tony Award (for Best Score) and a Grammy Award (in the Best Musical Show Album category).

References

External Links
 Riley at Encyclopedia of Music in Canada
 Entry at canadianbands.com

Musical groups established in 1969
Musical groups disestablished in 1977
Musical groups reestablished in 1984
Musical groups disestablished in 1984
Musical groups from Toronto
Canadian jazz ensembles
Canadian jazz-rock groups
1969 establishments in Ontario
1977 disestablishments in Ontario
1984 establishments in Ontario
1984 disestablishments in Ontario


Chaldean Syrian Higher Secondary School is an English language secondary school in Thrissur, Kerala, India. It was established in 1927.  The school's current principal is Dr. Aby Paul.

History
Following his arrival in India, the Mar Abimalek Timotheus Metropolitan began establishing schools. Within one year of his arrival in February 1908, he established a school in the parish of Mar Thoma Shleeha Church, Pattikad. (That school was handed over to the government and is still in operation.) After litigation in the community which ended in April 1925, Mar Abimalek Timotheus Metropolitan started five schools in 1927. The Chaldean Syrian school is one of the five.

Curriculum
Subjects offered for science: physics, chemistry, biology, math, computer science and Malayalam/Hindi.
Subjects offered for commerce: accounting, business studies, economics, math, and Malayalam/Hindi.

The NCERT syllabus is strictly followed in all subjects.

Notable alumni
 Rebecca Santhosh, Malayalam Film Actress

External links
 Chaldean Syrian Higher Secondary School

References

High schools and secondary schools in Kerala
Christian schools in Kerala
Schools in Thrissur
Educational institutions established in 1927
1927 establishments in India


Athanassio Comino (), (1844–1897) was a Greek oyster merchant and businessman. Comino was born in his native Kythera, Greece in 1844, son of Dimitrios Comino and his wife Agapy.

Comino arrived in Sydney in 1873 as a crew member on a sailing ship and found work at the Balmain Colliery. A fish-and-chips shop owned by a Welshman in Oxford Street, Sydney and his familiarity with seafood in the Greek islands pointed him to the idea of a similar venture. In 1878, he opened an oyster saloon a few doors down from the fish-and-chips shop. From 1882 he took up the lease of oyster beds at the mouth of the Lane Cove River, then Port Jackson and the Evans River on the north coast. His brother John Comino came to Australia in 1885 and operated oyster leases on the Bermagui River.

Relatives and friends from Kythera who came out to Australia opened other shops and the Comino name became known in fish shops, oyster bars and oyster leases.
Comino became known as the ‘Oyster King’. He never married and at 53 died  30 December 1897 at Darlinghurst. He left an estate valued for probate at £5217 to his brother John, nephews and nieces.

References

1844 births
Greek emigrants to Australia
Greek businesspeople
1897 deaths


Johann Joseph Peyritsch (20 October 1835 – 14 March 1889) was an Austrian physician and botanist born in Völkermarkt.

In 1864 he earned his medical doctorate from Vienna, and from 1866 to 1871 was associated with Vienna General Hospital. He later served as custos at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, and in 1878, succeeded Anton Kerner von Marilaun as professor of botany at the University of Innsbruck, a position he maintained until his death in 1889.

He was editor of Heinrich Wilhelm Schott's celebrated monograph on aroids, Aroideae Maximilianae, and with Theodor Kotschy (1813–1866), was co-author of Plantae Tinneanae, a book describing flora collected on the Tinne expedition to Sudan.

As a taxonomist, he described numerous plants from the botanical families Celastraceae and Erythroxylaceae. In the field of mycology, he held a special interest in the fungal order Laboulbeniales. The plant genus Peyritschia from the family Poaceae was named in his honor by Eugène Pierre Nicolas Fournier in 1881. Then in 1890, Roland Thaxter named a fungal genus Peyritschiella (in the family Laboulbeniaceae) after him.

References

Other sources
 Lexikon deutschsprachiger Bryologen by Jan-Peter Frahm & Jens Eggers, (biography in German)
  International Aroid Society, The Botanical Art of Schott's Aroideae Maximilianae

1835 births
1889 deaths
People from Völkermarkt
19th-century Austrian botanists
Academic staff of the University of Innsbruck
Austrian mycologists
Phycologists
Bryologists
Pteridologists


Felix Lok Ying-kwan is a Hong Kong actor. His television appearances include roles in Looking Back in Anger, The Drive of Life and The Academy.

Filmography

Television series

Films
Heroes of the Underground (1976)
The Happenings (1979)
Sexy Career Girls (1981)
Lady Cop and Papa Crook (2008)
Connected (2008)
Claustrophobia (2008)
Overheard (2009)
Overheard 2 (2011)
Nightfall (2012)
Tales from the Dark 1 (2013)
Young and Dangerous: Reloaded (2013)
Overheard 3 (2014)
Z Storm (2014)
From Vegas to Macau II (2015)
Cold War 2 (2016)
Shock Wave (2017)
Project Gutenberg (2018)
Integrity (2019)
The Love of Immortal (2019)

References

TVB veteran actors
Hong Kong male film actors
Living people
1952 births
Hong Kong male television actors
20th-century Hong Kong male actors
21st-century Hong Kong male actors


CFPA may refer to:
Connecticut Forest and Park Association
Consumer Finance Protection Agency, an independent agency of the United States government
CKTG-FM, Canadian radio station launched as CFPA in 1944
Concordville Fire & Protective Association, a fire and rescue department in Concordville, PA
China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, an international humanitarian organization headquartered in Beijing


Artemisia palmeri is a rare species of sagebrush known by the common names San Diego sagewort and Palmer sagewort.

Distribution
The plant is native to northwestern Baja California and southwestern California, primarily in San Diego County.

Its natural habitat is sandy coastal ravines in the coastal sage scrub plant community and riparian riverbeds in the Cuyamaca Mountains and other Peninsular Ranges, below  in elevation.  Most of this habitat has been destroyed as the land has been developed for human uses. It is occasionally found farther inland in chaparral plant communities near Redlands and in the San Emigdio Mountains.

It is listed on the California Native Plant Society Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants as an endangered species, due to the threat of further habitat loss.

Description
Artemisia palmeri is a perennial or biennial herb producing brittle erect or spreading stems  tall. The base is woody.

The gray-green aromatic foliage is made up of long, narrow leaves deeply cut into several narrow, pointed lobes.

The inflorescence contains clusters of flower heads containing pale yellow glandular disc florets. It blooms generally from June to October.

The fruit is a tiny achene about a millimeter long.

References

External links
 Calflora Database: Artemisia palmeri (San diego sagewort)
Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment of Artemisia palmeri

palmeri
Flora of Baja California
Flora of California
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
Natural history of San Diego County, California
Plants described in 1876
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Griper:

 was a gunvessel launched in 1797 and sold in 1802.
 was a 12-gun gun-brig launched in 1804 and wrecked in 1807.
 was a 12-gun gun-brig launched in 1813. She was used as a 2-gun discovery sloop in the Arctic from 1824, transferred to the Coastguard in 1836, used as a target from 1856 and was finally broken up in 1868.
 was an  wooden screw gunboat launched in 1855 and broken up in 1869.
 was an iron screw gunboat launched in 1879. She was used for harbour service from 1905 and renamed YC 373. She was made a base ship in 1923 and was renamed HMS Flora, and then HMS Afrikander in 1933. She was sold in 1937.
 was an  class rescue tug launched in 1942. She was sold to the Singapore Harbour Board in 1946 and renamed Surabaja in 1962.

Royal Navy ship names


The Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway was a railway company formed in 1836 to connect the city of Edinburgh with the harbours on the Firth of Forth. When the line connected to Granton, the company name was changed to the Edinburgh, Leith and Granton Railway. It opened part of its route in 1846, but reaching the centre of Edinburgh involved the difficult construction of a long tunnel; this was opened in 1847. It was on a steep incline and was worked by rope haulage.

The rope-worked tunnel proved a major handicap, and after the company had been taken over by the North British Railway, a longer but more convenient route was built round the eastern edge of the city at Abbeyhill. It opened in 1868.

By the end of the nineteenth century the Leith station was unsuitable for the developing suburban passenger traffic, and a new branch to Leith Central station was built, opening in 1903.

All of the original route has been dismantled, except part of the line from Piershill to a waste consolidation depot at Powderhall which remained in use until it closed in 2016.

History

Before railways
The coast of the Firth of Forth runs west to east broadly  miles north of the centre of Edinburgh. As the capital of Scotland, Edinburgh was of supreme commercial importance, and the port of Leith became Scotland's principal port. Its first harbour was constructed immediately after 1710. The harbour facilities were much extended between 1800 and 1817. Newhaven, to the west of Leith, also served as a ferry port; its modest harbour facilities were improved after 1792 by the building of a jetty, and in 1825 a basin was formed by the construction of an L-shaped pier. Other small coastal communities on the Forth engaged in fishing and other maritime activities.

Communication with the parts of Scotland further north, and also to the north east coast of England was secured by coastal shipping, and crossings to the southern coast of Fife, easily visible from Leith, were made by large and small boats, connecting with stage coaches.

A railway to the harbours

The sea passage was generally straightforward, although slow and sometimes subject to interruption by bad weather. Getting to the harbour, whether for people or goods, was problematic for such a relatively short distance, and the success of the "coal railways", the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway of 1826 and its successors, caused business interests in Edinburgh to meet in 1835 to consider a railway connection from the city to the Forth. This resulted in a Parliamentary Bill in the 1836 session, and the Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway obtained its authorising Act of Parliament on 13 August 1836.

The main line was to run from Princes Street Gardens to Newhaven, with a branch to Leith. Starting the line at Princes Street Gardens required a substantial tunnel on a north–south alignment under the New Town. The construction was to cost £100,000 but handsome dividends of 15% were said to be assured.

As soon as authorisation was obtained, serious doubts were cast on the commercial viability of the scheme, and the landowners under whose property the line would run in tunnel proved troublesome. Serious technical difficulties with the Leith branch were exposed.

This caused considerable delay, during which a new harbour was proposed at Trinity, to the west of Newhaven, and the parties interested in that harbour had taken control of the railway company. The location of the proposed northern terminal was changed, to Trinity: a further Act of Parliament of 1 July 1839 authorised the variation of the route. The southern end, to Canal Street (by Princes Gardens) and the tunnel were unchanged. Trinity Harbour was never built: the northern terminal was set back from the shoreline and at a high level, but was near Trinity Chain Pier. This had been in use as a ferry pier since 1821 and was apparently preferred for the railway passengers, who made their way on foot from the railway station to the ferry.

On 31 August 1842 the line opened from Trinity to Scotland Street, in the Canonmills district some way from the intended Princes Street terminus: the tunnel to Canal Street was not yet complete, and the Leith branch not started. Horse traction was used, and competition from horse omnibuses, which reached more convenient locations in the city, was serious.

Granton Harbour

The change of mind about the ferry terminal was not the end of the matter. In October 1837 the Duke of Buccleuch started construction work on the Central Pier at Granton, still further west.

Buccleuch instituted a ferry service from Granton to Burntisland in September 1844, and the success of this route eclipsed the service from Newhaven and Trinity across the Forth. This took away most of the traffic of the Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway, which did not come close to Granton. Seeing this difficulty approaching, the EL&HR submitted a Bill to Parliament for an extension of their line to Granton, and on 19 July 1844 the Act received royal assent. The company's name was changed to the Edinburgh, Leith and Granton Railway, and as well as the Granton extension a branch from Warriston to Leith was authorised. The Granton extension was opened on 19 February 1846. A new and attractive station at Trinity was part of the scheme; the line ran west from there, turning north on to the pier at Granton. The line from Warriston to Leith opened on 10 May 1846.

At Granton, the world's first train ferry took goods wagons by boat to Burntisland in Fife. The service commenced on 3 February 1850. Thomas Bouch designed the ferry slip. The ferry was the Leviathan, and was designed by Thomas Grainger. The through train ferry service was withdrawn in 1876, but a passenger ferry continued for many years.

Canal Street

The southward completion as far as the Princes Street terminal took place on 17 May 1847. It was named Canal Street station from the nearby street which took its name from an ornamental canal that was proposed to be formed from the Nor Loch, but never built. The tunnel from Scotland Street was  in length, descending at 1 in 27; it was gas lit throughout, and operated by a stationary steam engine and endless cable. It was also designed by Grainger, and its construction was supervised by George Buchanan. The work was difficult due to shifting sand under the New Town, and the demands of property owners who were concerned for the stability of their buildings. The tunnel is just below street level at Scotland Street, but is  below St Andrew Street and  below Princes Street. Locomotive haulage had replaced the horses on the open air sections of the railway, but were retained for shunting at Princes Street. The station there was very cramped, with two impossibly short platforms. The station was aligned north to south, and by now the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway had extended to North Bridge station, later Waverley, which was adjacent but on a west to east alignment. There was a sharply curved west-facing connecting spur between the two lines.

The train service consisted of 25 trains daily to Granton with through coaches to Leith. Two years later this was modified to give Leith a fifteen-minute interval service, with hourly workings to Granton. Sea bathing was a fashionable pastime and a special bathers' train left at 6:45 am to the shore.

Robert Louis Stevenson, reminiscing about a boyhood visit to Edinburgh, wrote that "The tunnel to the Scotland Street Station, the sight of the two guards upon the brake, the thought of its length and the many ponderous edifices and open thoroughfares above, were certainly things of paramount impressiveness to a young mind."

Canal Street was closed on 22 May 1868 and replaced with the General station at Edinburgh, which later became Edinburgh Waverley.

Absorbed by the Edinburgh and Northern Railway
The Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway, conscious of its own importance as an inter-city railway, had made approaches to take over the Edinburgh Leith and Granton Railway in 1845, but this had come to nothing. The EL&GR had run out of money during the construction work and needed a wealthy sponsor, so on 27 July 1847 it was taken over by the Edinburgh and Northern Railway, which was in the process of building its line to Perth and the southern shore of the Firth of Tay. As the E&NR was completing its main lines, it changed its name to the Edinburgh, Perth and Dundee Railway on 1 April 1849. The passenger journey from Edinburgh to Dundee therefore started at what is now Edinburgh Waverley station; coaches were hauled up the steep incline in tunnel to Scotland Street, and then on to Granton by steam engine. At Granton, the passengers changed to a ferry boat which took them to Burntisland, then a terminus. Their train left in an eastward direction and ran across Fife to Ferryport-on-Craig, later renamed Tayport, where they changed to a second ferry boat to cross the Tay. The ferry landed them at Broughty Ferry, where they boarded a final train to convey them into Dundee.

The Edinburgh, Perth and Dundee Railway was itself taken over by the North British Railway on 29 July 1862, becoming part of that company's increasingly dominant system.

A new route to Trinity

The inconvenience of the rope-worked tunnel section from Waverley station to Scotland Street was soon made obsolete by advancing technology. The only connection for the transfer of goods wagons from the developing Scottish railway network was through the very sharply curved spur at Waverley station. In 1850 an improved connection between Canal Street and North Bridge stations was made, Edinburgh City Council objections having been satisfied.

The new owners of the line considered how a more fitting connection to Trinity and Granton could be formed, and the result was a new branch from a point nearly two miles east of Waverley station, to Trinity, formed as a conventional railway. The point of convergence with the original line was not far short of Trinity, so that a substantial part of the earlier route was by-passed. There was an east-facing junction and a west-facing junction with the North British Railway main line to Dunbar, at Piershill and Abbeyhill respectively. Where the new line crossed the earlier Leith line, a short spur was put in to connect the two routes, although the point of intersection of the routes themselves was a level crossing at first. Goods trains ran on the new line from 2 March 1868, and passenger trains ran from Waverley station to Leith and Granton from 22 March 1868. Passenger trains to the Canal Street terminus ceased on the same day. There was one intermediate station on the new line at first, at Leith Walk; this was followed by an Abbeyhill station on 1 May 1869.

Scotland Street tunnel was later used to store wagons, then for commercial mushroom production (1887-1929), and as an air raid shelter during World War II. It was also used as an emergency control centre for the LNER during the war. In the 1970s, Cochranes Garages used the north end to store vehicles.

The southern entrance to the tunnel, long obscured, was rediscovered in 1983 during the construction of Waverley Market. The site of Scotland Street station, at the northern end of the tunnel, is now a children's play park.

The Forth Bridge
The transit to Fife and Dundee involving a ferry passage from Granton was a serious inconvenience, and a bridge had long been proposed. In 1890 the Forth Bridge opened, crossing the firth at Queensferry. This immediately supplanted the Granton ferry, except for local journeys to places immediately served from Burntisland. The line's purpose as part of a trunk route had vanished, but local travel on the north side of Edinburgh had grown, and coupled with goods traffic to and from the harbours, that now became the traffic on the lines.

North side developments
As the city of Edinburgh grew, and residential travel became commonplace, suburban stations were required. A short spur between Abbeyhill and Lochend Junction was provided on 1 October 1886, creating a loop off the main line; this enabled local passenger trains running from Musselburgh and Dunbar to Edinburgh to leave the main line and call at Abbeyhill station; the Edinburgh Suburban and Southside Junction Railway had opened in 1884 and passenger trains from that line also used the Abbeyhill loop. Piershill station on the new loop was opened on 1 May 1891, and a station on the branch itself at Easter Road opened on 1 December 1891. Powderhall station, also on the branch, opened on 22 April 1895, intended speculatively to encourage residential building. This did not take place as quickly as the North British Railway had hoped; nonetheless for some time there were four stations in the short distance from Abbeyhill to Powderhall.

Leith stations
The nomenclature of the Leith stations was confusing. The former Edinburgh, Leith and Granton Railway (now NBR) terminus of 1846 was on Commercial Street, and was often referred to as the North Leith station. The Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway (E&DR) had opened a line in 1835; in 1845 the E&DR was taken over by the North British Railway and upgraded; the Leith terminus was referred to as South Leith. The rival Caledonian Railway opened its North Leith branch in 1864. Some time prior to 1868 the NBR used the term Leith (Citadel) in advertising material; this was soon changed to North Leith, and later Leith North.

When the North British Railway received information that the Caledonian Railway was planning a new incursion into the area, the NBR formulated its own plan for a better aligned Leith branch. A double track line from the London Road Junction was built to a new Leith Central station, which opened on 1 July 1903. The junctions at London Road allowed direct running from Waverley or from the Niddrie direction. The new terminus was constructed on a lavish scale, and for some time the local passenger business was heavy.

The twentieth century
In 1902 a short westward connection was made at Granton, serving Granton Gas Works via the Granton Gasworks railway station. Joining in the Granton Harbour railway network, goods interchange with the Caledonian Railway also took place at Granton over the harbour lines, as for some decades the two companies had no direct connection in Edinburgh (other than the Haymarket connection which was unsuitable for goods wagon transfer due to congestion).

The development of passenger tramways in the Edinburgh conurbation in the early years of the twentieth century eroded the suburban railway business, and when economies were required during World War I, Powderhall and Leith Walk stations were closed at the beginning of 1917. Powderhall never reopened, but Leith Walk opened again on 1 February 1919. The tramways were electrified and unified in 1920, and the competition from them assumed new levels, further reducing the ridership of suburban lines.

The Granton route was closed in 1925. Leith Walk station finally closed on 31 March 1930. The passenger service from North Leith to Waverley was closed on 16 June 1947.

The railways of Great Britain had been "grouped" in 1923 following the Railways Act 1921 and the North British Railway was a constituent of the new London and North Eastern Railway. In turn that company was taken into national ownership on the nationalisation of the railways in 1948.

Easter Road Park Halt was opened in 1950, for football traffic to the nearby Hibernian F.C. ground, but by this time the Leith Central branch was nearing its end: on 7 April 1952 the timetabled passenger service closed, although the Easter Road football special trains continued until 1967. There was no goods traffic, but the large layout there served as a carriage depot, and from 1957 it became the principal diesel multiple unit servicing depot in Edinburgh. That use ceased on 29 April 1972 and the station buildings were demolished in 1988.

When the Leith Central branch closed to passengers, Piershill and Abbeyhill stations continued in use by trains leaving the main line for the loop, but they too closed on 7 September 1964. The loop line was retained and used as a diversion for slower trains, and during the 1986 Commonwealth Games a temporary passenger station called Meadowbank Stadium was built for the duration of the games; it was on the site of the earlier Piershill station. It was used occasionally for special events afterwards, but became disused on electrification of the East Coast Main Line in 1989.

The embankment along the shore from Trinity to Granton was removed and landscaped in the 1990s.

Granton gas works continued to forward outward goods traffic, chiefly naphtha, sporadically until 1986.

The former Leith North station building is one of the remaining structures from the original line. It is now (2015) occupied by the Citadel Youth Centre.

Modern operations (up to 2016)
A  section of the 1868 connecting line, from Powderhall to Craigentinny was still used up to 2016, in connection with the transport of waste from a waste management plant at Powderhall (the former Powderhall Destructor) to a landfill site located in disused limestone workings at East Barns near Dunbar. The plant (now demolished) compacted refuse, brought in by road, into containers which were then conveyed away by rail.

Topography

First main line:

 Princes Street, also known as Canal Street; opened 17 May 1847; closed when services diverted to Waverley on 22 May 1868;
 Scotland Street; opened 31 August 1842; closed (to passengers) 22 May 1868;
 Heriothill Mineral Depot;
 Warriston Junction; divergence of North Leith Branch;
 Trinity Junction; new line converged;
 Trinity; possibly known as Trinity and Newhaven; opened 31 August 1842; transferred to new through station 19 February 1846; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 February 1919; closed 2 November 1925;
 Granton; opened 19 February 1846; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 February 1919; closed 2 November 1925.

North Leith branch:

 Warriston Junction; divergence from Granton line;
 Bonnington East Junction; convergence of spurs from Bonnington South and North Junctions;
 Bonnington; probably opened 20 May 1846; closed 1 January 1917; 1 April 1919; closed 16 June 1947;
 Junction Road; opened 1 May 1869; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 April 1919; renamed Junction Bridge 1923; closed 16 June 1947;
 North Leith; opened 20 May 1846; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 April 1919; closed 16 June 1947.

New line:

 Abbeyhill Junction; divergence from main line to Dunbar;
 Abbeyhill; (initially Abbey Hill); opened 1 May 1869; closed 7 September 1964;
 London Road Junction; loop line to Piershill diverged; Leith Central branch diverged;
 Easter Road Junction; line from Piershill converged;
 Easter Road; opened 1 December 1891; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 February 1919; closed 16 June 1947;
 Leith Walk; opened 22 May 1868; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 February 1919; closed 31 March 1930;
 Bonnington South Junction; spur diverged to Bonnington East Junction;
 Bonnington North Junction; spur converged from Bonnington East Junction;
 Powderhall; opened 22 April 1895; closed 1 January 1917;
 Trinity Junction; convergence with original main line.

Piershill spur:

 Piershill Junction; divergence from Dunbar to Edinburgh line;
 Piershill; opened 22 March 1868; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 April 1919; closed 7 September 1964; reopened as Meadowbank for special events 14 June 1986; close
 Lochend South Junction; line to Leith Central diverged;
 London Road Junction; convergence with line from Powderhall to Abbeyhill Junction.

Leith Central branch:

 London Road Junction; divergence from New Line;
 Lochend North Junction''; line from Piershall converged;
 Easter Road Park Halt; opened 8 April 1950 for football traffic; closed 1967 (after cessation of timetabled passenger services on the branch);
 Leith Central; opened 1 July 1903; closed 7 April 1952.

References

Notes

Further reading

External links
 Railscot website on Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway

Pre-grouping British railway companies
Early Scottish railway companies
North British Railway
Railway companies established in 1836
Railway lines opened in 1842
Railway companies disestablished in 1847
Transport in Edinburgh
1836 establishments in Scotland
History of Leith
1847 disestablishments in Scotland
British companies disestablished in 1847
British companies established in 1836


The Lohner E was a reconnaissance flying boat built in Austria-Hungary during World War I. The "E" stood for Igo Etrich, one of the Lohner engineers. It was a conventional design for its day with biplane wings that featured slight sweepback, and an engine mounted pusher-fashion in the interplane gap. Its crew of two was seated in an open cockpit.

Around 40 examples were built before production shifted to the more powerful L.

Operators

Specifications

{{Aircraft specs
|ref='The Encyclopedia of World War I|prime units? = met
|crew=Two, pilot and observer
|length m=10.25
|length ft=33
|length in=8
|span m=16.20
|span ft=53
|span in=2
|height m=3.85
|height ft=12
|height in=8
|gross weight kg=1,700
|gross weight lb=3,747
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Hiero 85hp
|eng1 kw=67
|eng1 hp=85
|max speed kmh=105
|max speed mph=65
|endurance=4 hours|ceiling m=4,000
|ceiling note=|ceiling ft=13,120
}}

See also

Notes

Bibliography

 Angelucci, Enzo. The Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft, 1914-1980. San Diego, California: The Military Press, 1983. .
 Taylor, Michael J. H. Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions, 1989. .
 Tucker, Spencer. The Encyclopedia of World War I''. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio, 2005. .

1910s Austro-Hungarian military reconnaissance aircraft
E
Flying boats
Biplanes
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1913

sr:Лонер TL


The 1992 Los Angeles Raiders season was their 33rd in the National Football League (NFL). They were unable to improve upon their previous season's output of 9–7, winning only seven games. This was the first time in three seasons the team failed to qualify for the playoffs.

Offseason

NFL Draft

Staff

Roster

Schedule

Game summaries

Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

Source: Pro-Football-Reference.com

Week 6

Week 17

Source: Pro-Football-Reference.com

Standings

References

Los Angeles Raiders seasons
Los Angeles Raiders
Los


Mustafa Agha Barbar El Korek (1767 – 28 April 1835) was an Ottoman Syrian statesman and military officer who was governor of the Ottoman province of Tripoli, ruling between 1800–08, 1810–20 and 1821-35.

Name
The middle word in his name, Agha, is actually a title derived from the Turkish word for "chief, master, or lord." It was a title for a civil or military officer in the Ottoman Empire, and was placed after the name of such military functionaries.

Biography
Barbar was originally a peasant from al-Qalamoun, in the Koura District. At the beginning of his career he was in the service of Emir Hasan Shihab (the brother of Emir Bashir Shihab II). By virtue of his acumen, bravery, skill and energy, according to historian Mikhail Mishaqa, Barbar attained high office and acquired standing among the viziers and subjects. It is said that he was the chief antagonist of Emir Bashir Shihab II around Abdullah Pasha al-Azm (Wali of Damascus).

Barbar was appointed governor of Tripoli by the Ottomans in 1798. In the early 19th century, he had extensive restoration work done on the Citadel of Tripoli (castle of Saint Gilles), resulting in its present state. Later on, he endowed large portions of his property in Tripoli to his wives, relatives and slaves (mamluks), shortly after his grip on power was challenged. He also endowed property in Tripoli for the building of a canal and two water fountains, in order to enhance his local image. His rule in Tripoli was challenged by Kunj Yusuf Pasha, Wali of Damascus, in 1808, but Barbar withstood the siege with support from Albanian mercenaries.

Between 1809 and 1813, Barbar, who hated the Alawites, attacked the Kalbiyya tribe from among them with "marked savagery." His principal enemy was the semi-autonomous Alawite sheikh of Safita, Saqr al-Mahfuz. In 1816, Barbar built the fortress of Iaal. That same year, soldiers serving him ravaged a number of Ismaili Shia villages in the Nusayriyya Mountains, which proved disastrous for the Ismailis. This included the final destruction of the Al-Kahf Castle.

Between 1820 and 1825, an Ottoman imperial decree went forth, ordering for Barbar's execution. He came to the Mount Lebanon Emirate, seeking asylum with Emir Bashir, who appointed a residence for him and his people in the village of Shwayfat (Aley District), until he could obtain a pardon through the offices of the governor of Egypt, Muhammad Ali (with whom Emir Bashir was allied). A friendship thus was formed between the former enemies. In October, 1833, Barbar was dismissed from office and arrested by the new Egyptian authorities. Muhammad Ali of Egypt was now in control, as opposed to the previous Ottomans. Barbar was arrested for his levying the ‘awayid, a tax levied to support the officeholders from his subjects, which was prohibited by the new Egyptian authorities.

Barbar died April 28, 1835, possibly due to a heart attack or similar affliction. He was buried at the Iaal fortress on April 29.

Some of his modern descendants now live in Tripoli and Iaal, Lebanon.

See also
Ottoman Syria

References

Further reading
 The Greek Orthodox waqf in Lebanon during the Ottoman period, Volume 113 of Beiruter Texte und Studien. By Souad Abou el-Rousse Slim. Published by Ergon Verlag, 2007. /
 The Royal Archives of Egypt and the disturbances in Palestine, 1834 Issue 11 of Oriental series, American University of Beirut Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Issue 11 of Publication of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences: Oriental series. By Asad Rustum. Printed at the American Press, 1938.
 Page 41, A modern history of Syria, including Lebanon and Palestine, by Abdul Latif Tibawi. Illustrated edition. Published by Macmillan, 1969.
 Les européens vus par les libanais à l'époque ottomane, Volume 74 of Beiruter Texte und Studien. By Bernard Heyberger, Carsten-Michael Walbiner. Published by Ergon Verlag, 2002. /
 Page 189, The American journal of Semitic languages and literatures, Volume 41. By the University of Chicago. Dept. of Semitic Languages and Literatures. Published by the University of Chicago Press, 1925.
 Page 303, Politics and change in a traditional society; Lebanon, 1711-1845, by Iliya F. Harik. Published by the Princeton University Press, 1968
 Pages 100 and 121-122; The Ottomans in Syria: a history of justice and oppression Tauris Academic Studies. By Dick Douwes, Published by I.B. Tauris, 2000. Illustrated edition. /

18th-century people from the Ottoman Empire
19th-century people from the Ottoman Empire
Political people from the Ottoman Empire
Civil servants from the Ottoman Empire
1767 births
1835 deaths
Ottoman Sunni Muslims
Ottoman governors of Tripoli, Lebanon


Shichang is a training ship in the People's Republic of China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The ship is formally designated as a "defence mobilization vessel" and may be used for helicopter or navigation training, as a container ship, or as a hospital ship. It is the PLAN's first aviation training ship. The NATO reporting name for the type is Daishi-class AXT.

Design
The original plan was to convert Shichang from the civilian roll-on/roll-off ship Huayuankou; a new ship was built instead.

Shichang has a bridge structure forward with the flight deck occupying most of the remaining area behind it; the funnel is toward the stern on the starboard side. The flight deck has two landing spots and may be reconfigured; options include a modular hangar and control space behind the forward structure, or 300 standard 20-foot containers.

See also
RFA Argus (A135), a Royal Navy auxiliary with a similar configuration

References

Sources

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Training ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
1997 ships
Auxiliary training ship classes


Artemisia rothrockii is a North American species of sagebrush known by the common names timberline sagebrush and Rothrock's sagebrush.

Artemisia rothrockii is endemic to California, where it is native to parts of the Sierra Nevada, the White Mountains, and the San Bernardino Mountains. It has been recorded from the Kern Plateau, Mount Dana, Angora Peak, and the vicinity of Fallen Leaf Lake. It grows in the dry transition between mountain meadows and forests. It can also tolerate wet conditions, surviving waterlogging during snowmelt.

Artemisia rothrockii grows at elevations between 2000 and 3500 meters. This mountain shrub grows to heights of 20 to 50 centimeters, producing many upright stems from a narrow trunk. The evergreen foliage is dark green, glandular, sticky, and very aromatic. New twigs and leaves are somewhat woolly, but older parts are hairless. The narrow inflorescence holds clusters of flower heads lined with rough, shiny, slightly hairy phyllaries and containing yellowish disc florets. The fruit is an achene up to 2 millimeters long, sometimes with a pappus.

The species is named for American forester Joseph Trimbel Rothrock, 1839 – 1922.

References

External links
Calflora Database: Artemisia rothrockii (Rothrock sagebrush)

rothrockii
Endemic flora of California
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Natural history of the Transverse Ranges
San Bernardino Mountains
Plants described in 1876


Huining may refer to:

Huining County (会宁县), county in Gansu, China
Huining Prefecture (會寧府), former prefecture in the Shangjing region of Manchuria, location of the early capital of the Jin (Jurchen) Dynasty
Halang, Ukhrul, or Huining, a village in Manipur, India
Luo Huining (born 1954), Chinese politician and senior regional official


Jingyuan may refer to:

Jingyuan County, Gansu ()
Jingyuan County, Ningxia ()
Jingyuan mutiny, 783 AD mutiny in Jingyuan during the Tang dynasty
Chinese cruiser Jingyuan (1886), protected cruiser in the late Qing Dynasty Beiyang Fleet
Chinese cruiser Jingyuan (1887), armored cruiser in the late Qing Dynasty Beiyang Fleet


The A Day at the Races Tour (also known as the World Tour '77, Summer Tour 1977 and the Jubilee Tour) was the fourth headlining concert tour by the British rock band Queen, supporting their late 1976 album A Day at the Races.

Background
This tour was the first in which the band played "Somebody to Love" and many others. "Brighton Rock" and "Bohemian Rhapsody" were performed full-length for the first time. Also, singer Freddie Mercury performed a vocal canon between "White Man" and "The Prophet's Song".

"When people started singing along, we found it kind of annoying…" recalled Brian May. "Then there was an enormous realisation, at Bingley Hall in the Midlands. They sang every note of every song. Freddie and I looked at each other and went, 'Something's happening here. We've been fighting it, and we should be embracing it.' That's where 'We Will Rock You' and 'We Are the Champions' came from. It was an epoch-making moment."

The opening act for most of the North American concerts was Thin Lizzy. In New York City, the concert at Madison Square Garden sold out within moments of tickets going on sale.

The final two shows at the Earls Court Exhibition Centre were recorded, with the band using an expensive lighting rig in the shape of a crown for the first time. Both shows were also professionally recorded on video and the first can be found on many bootlegs. Of one such release – Top Fax, Pix And Info – photographer Ross Halfin said: "It was a Silver Jubilee show. This had excellent soundboard quality. I actually shot this show as a much younger man."

Tour band
Freddie Mercury: Lead vocals, piano, tambourine.
Brian May: Guitar, backing vocals, banjo ("Bring Back That Leroy Brown").
Roger Taylor: Drums, backing vocals.
John Deacon: Bass guitar, additional vocals, triangle.

Opening acts
Thin Lizzy
Cheap Trick
Head East
The Outlaws

Set list
This set list is representative of the 23 January 1977 performance in Richfield, Ohio. It does not represent all the set lists for the duration of the tour.

"A Day At The Races Overture"
"Tie Your Mother Down"
"Ogre Battle"
"White Queen"
"Somebody To Love"
"Killer Queen"
"The Millionaire Waltz"
"You're My Best Friend"
"Bring Back That Leroy Brown"
"Sweet Lady"
"Brighton Rock"
"'39"
"You Take My Breath Away"
"White Man"
"The Prophet's Song"
"Bohemian Rhapsody"
"Stone Cold Crazy"
"Keep Yourself Alive"
"Liar"
"In The Lap Of The Gods... Revisited"
"Now I'm Here"
Encore
"Big Spender"
"Jailhouse Rock"
"God Save The Queen"

Tour dates

Box office score data

Cancelled shows

External links
 North American Dates
 European Dates

Notes

References

1977 concert tours
Queen (band) concert tours


Palatine High School, or PHS, is a public four-year high school in Township High School District 211. Located at 1111 N. Rohlwing Road in Palatine, Illinois, United States, a northwest suburb of Chicago, it serves primarily all of and only those areas of Palatine northeast of the UP NW tracks, but also serves small portions of Arlington Heights and Barrington. In addition, PHS is a magnet school for the entire district's special education program. Feeder schools include Winston Campus Junior High and Sundling Junior High. Elementary schools in the attendance area include; Winston Campus, Lake Louise, Jane Addams, Virginia Lake, Lincoln, Sanborn and Paddock.

History
Palatine High School was founded in 1875, the first public high school in what are now the northwest suburbs of Chicago.  Its operation was reorganized into a modern school district in 1914, and in 1928 the high school built its first dedicated school building.  It served the entirety of Palatine Township as a public high school, and also admitted paying students from neighboring Schaumburg Township.

In the 1950s, rising enrollments due to suburban expansion and the baby boom caused many changes.  Palatine High School's district formally expanded to include Schaumburg Township, two additions were built in rapid succession, and additional school buildings were built in the southwest part of Palatine (William Fremd High School) and in Hoffman Estates (James B. Conant High School). The student distribution changed as Fremd served as a school for freshmen and sophomores while Palatine High School served juniors and seniors.

The current three-story facility was completed in 1977, and a second gymnasium was built in 1997.

In 2003 a new math and foreign language wing was built. This new three-story wing included 24 new classrooms and activity areas, and added  to the existing building.

In the summer of 2009, Palatine's Chic Anderson Stadium was installed with an artificial turf for nearly $1.5 million.

On November 30, 2017, transgender Palatine High School senior Nova Maday filed a lawsuit against District 211 with the help of the ACLU and a Chicago law firm. She alleged that the district had discriminated against her by denying her full use of the girls' locker room.

Academics
All schools in District 211 have been accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools; PHS's is the oldest accreditation in the district, dating back to April 1, 1935.

PHS is not making Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) as a part of the federal No Child Left Behind Act because multiple sub groups within the student population failed to meet minimum standards. 2008 also marks the third year the school has been on academic watch.

In 2008, Palatine High School had an average composite ACT score of 22.1.  92.3% of the class of 2008 graduated.

Applied Technology Department

PHS maintains a comprehensive applied technology department with classes such as Computer-Aided Design, Small Engines, Automotives, Home Construction, Woodshop, Metals, and a Plastics course when demand is large enough. Recently, the Applied Technology Department has brought in "Project Lead the Way" Courses: Introduction to Engineering Design, Principles of Engineering, Digital Electronics, and Civil Engineering and Architecture to further bolster the classes offered to students.  These classes are all engineering based curriculum that offer the possibility for students to earn some college credit.  PHS is certified through Harper College to teach certain classes that count towards credit for receiving an apprenticeship with a Master Electrician. There is also a computer repair class that is certified through the Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) where students that pass the qualification exam receive an A+ Certification, demonstrating competency as a computer technician.

Awards
PHS has twice received the U. S. Department of Education's Blue Ribbon Award, once in the 1992–1993 school year, and again in 1999–2000.

In 2000, PHS was one of few high schools named a New American High School.  The award, last given in 2000, was given to schools which serve as "model" schools based on innovation.

PHS was selected as an Outstanding American High School by receiving a Silver Medal from U.S. News & World Report magazine.

In 2008, the school was ranked 1157 in the annual Newsweek magazine top 1,300 high schools in America.  The school had previous been ranked in 2007 (1204) and 2005 (992).

Activities
PHS currently offers over 80 extracurricular activities for students to participate in.

Varsity Flag Team

The Varsity Flag team has been Overall State Champions for three consecutive years: 2007, 2008, and 2009. Each year they received 1st place in the Tall Flag and Lyrical Flag categories. Additionally, they have been the Overall Flag Division State Champions, having scored the highest of all the teams that competed with a flag routine. They compete through Team Dance Illinois.

Band

The PHS band has been to numerous states across the US, Washington, D.C., Toronto, Canada, and twice to London, England.

The band represented the state of Illinois in the WWII Memorial Dedication Parade in Washington, D.C. in May 2004.

In 2005 thirteen members of the PHS band were cast as extras in the World War II movie, Flags of Our Fathers directed by Clint Eastwood. The scene they were in was shot at Glencoe Train Station in Glencoe, Illinois.

In 2007 thirty members of the band were cast to portray the Syracuse University Marching Band in the movie The Express: The Ernie Davis Story. The scene was filmed at Ryan Field on the Northwestern University campus. The movie stars were Dennis Quaid and Rob Brown.

In 2010 the band played at the White House staff Christmas party, after the PHS choir turned down the invitation to return due to prior engagements. Instead, choir director, Steve Sivak, suggested that the band should play.

In 2013 Ms. Horn retired from her role as director of bands and the new band director is Mr. Carlos Esquivel.

Spotlight Yearbook

Spotlight is the name of the Palatine High School yearbook. It was first published in 1920.

Athletics
Palatine High School is a member of the Mid-Suburban League (MSL). They are also a member of the Illinois High School Association (IHSA), which governs most sports and non-athletic competitions in Illinois, as well as sponsors their state championship tournaments.

As a part of IHSA they currently host the State Meet for girls' gymnastics.

The school sponsors interscholastic sports teams for men and women in basketball, cross country, golf, gymnastics, lacrosse, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field, volleyball, and water polo.  Young women may compete in badminton, bowling, and softball, while young men may compete in baseball, football, and wrestling.

While not sponsored by the athletic department, the school sponsors a cheerleading team which competes in the IHSA sponsored state competition. They also sponsor a club for cricket.

IHSA
The following teams have finished in the top 4 of their respective IHSA sponsored state athletic tournaments.

NXN
Both the girls' cross country team, as well at the boys' have competed in the Nike Cross Nationals (NXN) since they were both invited in 2009. Since NXN is an unofficial national race, schools are not allowed to use their school name, therefore both teams use Palatine XC Club.

Notable alumni
 Mauro Fiore is an Academy Award-winning cinematographer.
 Carol Marin is a journalist known for her work in print and on television.
 Sheila Nix served as Chief of Staff to Jill Biden, the Second Lady of the United States from April 2013 to January 2017.
 Ronald Kozlicki is a former NBA basketball player (1967–68).
 Kevin McKenna is a former NBA basketball player (1981–88), current assistant coach at University of Oregon and former head coach at Indiana State.
 Maria Pinto is a fashion designer who has designed for Michelle Obama and Oprah Winfrey, among others.
 Len Rohde is a former offensive tackle for the NFL San Francisco 49ers (1960–74).
 Anton R. Valukas was U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois from 1985 to 1989; in 2007, he became chairman of Chicago law firm Jenner & Block, and in 2009 he was appointed bankruptcy examiner in the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers.

References

External links

 District 211 History

.

Educational institutions established in 1875
Palatine, Illinois
Public high schools in Cook County, Illinois
Magnet schools in Illinois
1875 establishments in Illinois


Georgian Journal was a Georgian weekly newspaper published by the Palitra Media Holding. It was one of the few newspapers in Georgia to be printed fully in English. As of December 29, 2015 the paper is no longer issued and has merged with Georgia Today. Georgian Journal functions only as an online news agency via its website.

References

Weekly newspapers published in Georgia (country)
Mass media in Tbilisi


The Reichskolonialbund (RKB) () was a collective body that absorbed all German colonial organisations during the time of the Third Reich. It was led by Franz Ritter von Epp.

The Reichskolonialbund was active between 1936 and 1943.

History

Background

The purpose of the Reichskolonialbund was to reclaim  the overseas colonies that Germany had lost as a result of the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I. The first efforts in rallying support for a re-establishment of a German Colonial Empire in Germany can be traced back to 1923. As a result, a number of pro-colonial organisations, supported by both conservative-minded Germans and nationalists, were established in different parts of Germany. Founded in 1925, the foremost outfit was the Koloniale Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft (KORAG). This organisation, along with other groups, led to the foundation of the preliminary Reichskolonialbund in 1933. The establishment was made in two steps, the second one being its incorporation (Gliederung) into the Nazi Party structure; as a result many references give two different years for the Nazi Reichskolonialbund foundation, 1933 and 1936.

Establishment

The Reichskolonialbund was established on 13 June 1936 by the former governor of German East Africa, Heinrich Schnee. Whether the organisations that joined it did so freely, or were forced to do so in the name of Gleichschaltung, is a subject of conjecture.
Led by Ritter von Epp, the organisation's alleged purpose was to "keep the population informed about the loss of the German Imperial colonies, to maintain contact with the former colonial territories and to create conditions in opinion favourable to a new German African Empire".
The foundation of RKB was marred with difficulties, for only two months after its establishment, Rudolf Hess decreed its disbandment. However, after lengthy discussions, the decree was revoked in November of the same year.

As part of the Nazi triumphalism for the Third Reich, the Reichskolonialbund was intended to take over the role of the disbanded German Colonial Society, (Deutsche Kolonialgesellschaft) (DKG). Since Germany had no colonies, the Reichskolonialbund was mainly engaged in mostly virulent political agitation.

The agitation was conducted largely in Germany by means of newspapers, magazines, conferences and "Colonial Exhibitions". That was meant to keep open the so-called Colonial Question (Kolonialfrage) and to gather funds for the organisation. The most important weekly publications of the Reichskolonialbund between 1937 and 1943 were Kolonie und Heimat and the Deutsche Kolonialzeitung, the former mouthpiece of the German Colonial Company. The RKB also printed colourful posters for the advancement of its cause.

The Reichskolonialbund had its own youth organization, the Colonial Youth, which was incorporated as a wing of the Hitler Youth. Its members wore the regular Hitler Youth uniform with Reichskolonialbund badges and insignias. The youth regularly staged rallies and collected money for the colonial cause during the events organised by the Reichskolonialbund.

Adult members of the Reichskolonialbund also wore uniform during parades and rallies. The design was inspired by the Schutztruppe uniforms of the German Imperial Era.

The Reichskolonialbund held two parliamentary sessions, the first in Bremen in May 1938 and the second in Vienna in May 1939.

Twilight and end

The decline of the Reichskolonialbund began with the onset of World War II, when the Nazi State focused on other priorities, foremost of which was the search for a Lebensraum in the East of Europe. Finally in 1943 the Reichsleiter Martin Bormann pressed for the dissolution of the Reichskolonialbund on the grounds of "kriegsunwichtiger Tätigkeit" ("activity irrelevant to the war"). Hence the Reichskolonialbund was swiftly disbanded by a decree of the Führer in 1943.

The  disbandment of the organisation and its assets was harsh and without ceremony, almost equaling a requisition (Beschlagnahmung). Most of the Reichskolonialbund's files lie in the archives in Koblenz, where there are 5,140 documents from the period 1925 to 1943.

See also

German colonial empire
NSDAP Office of Colonial Policy
Society for German Colonization
List of former German colonies
German East Africa Company
Mittelafrika
Wituland
Karl Peters
Hitler Youth

Notes and references

Further reading
 Hanswerner Nachrodt: Der Reichskolonialbund. Schriften der Hochschule für Politik - Der organisatorische Aufbau des Dritten Reiches, Heft 30, Berlin 1939.
 H. Jünemann und H. Mietz: Der Reichskolonialbund – Wiedergabe der Jünemannschen `Rechtfertigungen. Im Mitteilungsblatt des Traditionsverbandes ehem. Schutz- und Überseetruppen e.V. Nr.83 (Jubiläumsausgabe, 100 Jahre Traditionsverband) 1998.
 Wolfgang Reith: "Die Kaiserlichen Schutztruppen". Glanz & Gloria Verlag, Windhoek 2017, ISBN 978-99916-909-6-4

External links

 Examples of the Reichskolonialbund's agitation: Posters, insignias, etc. (de)

Nazi Party organizations
1936 establishments in Germany
1943 disestablishments in Germany
German colonial empire
Organizations established in 1936
Organizations disestablished in 1943


A nasal fracture, commonly referred to as a broken nose, is a fracture of one of the bones of the nose. Symptoms may include bleeding, swelling, bruising, and an inability to breathe through the nose. They may be complicated by other facial fractures or a septal hematoma.

The most common causes include assault, trauma during sports, falls, and motor vehicle collisions. Diagnosis is typically based on the signs and symptoms and may occasionally be confirmed by plain X-ray.

Treatment is typically with pain medication and cold compresses. Reduction, if needed, can typically occur after the swelling has come down. Depending on the type of fracture reduction may be closed or open. Outcomes are generally good. Nasal fractures are common, comprising about 40% of facial fractures. Males in their 20s are most commonly affected.

Signs and symptoms

Symptoms of a broken nose include bruising, swelling, tenderness, pain, deformity, and/or bleeding of the nose and nasal region of the face.  The patient may have difficulty breathing, or excessive nosebleeds (if the nasal mucosa are damaged). The patient may also have bruising around one or both eyes.

Cause
Nasal fractures are caused by physical trauma to the face.  Common sources of nasal fractures include sports injuries, fighting, falls, and car accidents in the younger age groups, and falls from syncope or impaired balance in the elderly.

Diagnosis
Nasal fractures are usually identified visually and through physical examination. Medical imaging is generally not recommended. A priority is to distinguish simple fractures limited to the nasal bones (Type 1) from fractures that also involve other facial bones and/or the nasal septum (Types 2 and 3). In simple Type 1 fractures X-Rays supply surprisingly little information beyond clinical examination. However, diagnosis may be confirmed with X-rays or CT scans, and these are required if other facial injuries are suspected.

A fracture that runs horizontally across the septum is sometimes called a "Jarjavay fracture", and a vertical one, a "Chevallet fracture".

Although treatment of an uncomplicated fracture of nasal bones is not urgent—a referral for specific treatment in five to seven days usually suffices—an associated injury, nasal septal hematoma, occurs in about 5% of cases and does require urgent treatment and should be looked for during the assessment of nasal injuries.

Treatment
Minor nasal fractures may be allowed to heal on their own provided there is not significant cosmetic deformity.  Ice and pain medication may be prescribed to ease discomfort during the healing process. For nasal fractures where the nose has been deformed, manual alignment may be attempted, usually with good results. Injuries involving other structures (Types 2 and 3) must be recognized and treated surgically.

Prognosis
Bone stability after a fracture occurs between 3 and 5 weeks. Full bone fusion occurs between 4 and 8 weeks.

References

External links

Injuries of head
Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate
Wikipedia emergency medicine articles ready to translate


Nick Graham may refer to:

 Nick Graham (American football)
 Nick Graham (Australian footballer) (born 1994), Australian rules footballer
 Nick Graham (rugby league) (born 1974), Australian rugby league footballer
 Nick Graham (musician), vocalist, songwriter, flautist and bass player
 Nicholas Graham, Canadian businessman and entrepreneur


John “Chick” or “Jack” Albion (born 1890 in Fall River, Massachusetts; presumed deceased) is a former U.S. soccer goalkeeper who played in the Southern New England Soccer League and the American Soccer League.  He was a three time National Challenge Cup finalist, winning one title, with the Fall River Rovers.

It is unknown when or where Albion began his career, but he was with the Fall River Rovers of the Southern New England Soccer League as early as the spring of 1915. In the spring of 1916, he backstopped the Rovers to the 1916 National Challenge Cup finals where they fell to Bethlehem Steel.  The Rovers would meet Bethlehem in the next two challenge cups, winning in 1917 and losing again in 1918.  Albion remained the Rovers’ starting goalkeeper in all three tournaments.

Albion spent one season in the newly created American Soccer League with Fall River United.  He saw time in 24 games, allowing 57 goals for a 2.38 GAA.

References

1890 births
American Soccer League (1921–1933) players
Southern New England Soccer League players
Fall River Rovers players
Fall River F.C. (1922–1931) players
Sportspeople from Fall River, Massachusetts
Soccer players from Massachusetts
Year of death missing
Men's association football goalkeepers
American men's soccer players


Narrawong  is a small town in south west Victoria, Australia located on the Princes Highway  to the east of Portland at the mouth of the Surrey River.

Narrawong Post Office opened on 1 March 1859.

At the 2016 census, Narrawong had a population of 160.

The Narrawong District Primary School is the town's primary school. It was formed after an amalgamation of the Narrawong Primary School, the Narrawong East Primary School and the Tyrendarra Primary School in 1994.

Traditional ownership
The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Narrawong sits are the Gunditjmara People who are represented by the Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation.

References

External links

Coastal towns in Victoria (state)


(Malay: "Love") is a 1948 Singaporean Malay-language black-and-white romantic drama film directed by B. S. Rajhans and produced by Malay Film Productions. It was released on 31 October 1948.

Chinta was the first Malayan film released after the declaration of the Malayan Emergency, and also marks the first screen appearance of P. Ramlee. Ramlee also performed as a playback singer in the film, providing vocals in five songs for the lead actor Roomai Noor. It is the oldest surviving film of Malayan cinema.

Plot
A boat is caught in a huge tempest and sinks. Only King Kanchi (S. Roomai Noor) survives. A few fishermen find him on the shore and rescue him. The love story begins when Chinta (Siput Sarawak), a young village girl, takes care of him.

Cast
 Siput Sarawak as Chinta
 S. Roomai Noor as King Kanchi and Sanchi
 Ja'afar Wiryo as Camban
 Harris as Vidush
 P. Ramlee as Putar
 Suhara Effendi as Ruchi
 Norsiah
 Lelawati

References

External links
Chinta / 1948 - Filem Malaysia
Chinta / Love (1948) at the Singapore Film Locations Archive

1948 films
1948 romantic drama films
Malaysian black-and-white films
Singaporean black-and-white films
Malay Film Productions films
Films directed by B. S. Rajhans
Films shot in Singapore
Malaysian romantic drama films
Singaporean romantic drama films


Mullamangalath Raman Bhattathiripad (1908–2001), also known as M. R. Bhattathiripad, was an Indian social reformer, cultural leader and a Malayalam writer.

Biography
He was born in 1908 into a Nambudiri family of Kerala with limited resources due to which he received only nominal education.

He joined Yogakshema Sabha and worked with V. T. Bhattathiripad and his brother Premji. He was also an active member of Purogamana Sahitya Prasthanam. When widow marriage was considered a taboo in Nambuthiri community, he married Uma Antharjanam, younger sister of VT's wife Sreedevi Antharjanam, on 13 September 1934. This was the first known widow marriage in the Kerala Nambuthiri community. The ceremony, though boycotted by orthodox Nambudiris, was attended by Arya Pallam and M. C. Joseph. Bhattathiripad's younger brother Premji later followed his brother in 1943 by marrying a 27-year old widow named Arya Antharjanam.

When Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi started its flagship publication, Keli in 1963, Bhattathiripad was the first editor.

He died on 8 October 2001, aged 93. He is survived by his three daughters. His wife predeceased him in 1996. His brother Premji also predeceased him.

Works
MRB wrote 14 books.

 Ente Omana – Play – 1927
 Marakkudakkullile Maha Narakam – Play – 1927
 Mazhavillu – Short stories – 1931
 Valkannadi – Novel – 1931
 Mukhachayakal – Travelogue – 1954
 Mula pottiya vithukal –  Travelogue – 1956
 Kinavil oru yathra –  Travelogue – 1962
 Kavisaparya –  Travelogue – 1962
 Thamarayithalukal –  Travelogue – 1967
 Ilakal Poovukal –  Travelogue – 1969
 Valapottukal – Poetic memoirs – 1968
 Suvarnachaayakal

Awards and recognitions
He was a recipient of the Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy Award, the Kerala Sahithya Academy Award (1992), the Basheer Puraskaram, and the Deviprasadam Trust Award.

See also
V. T. Bhattathiripad
E. M. S. Namboodiripad

References

External links
 Profile

Further reading

Malayali people
1908 births
2001 deaths
Activists from Kerala
Indian social reformers
Malayalam-language writers
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Dramatists and playwrights from Kerala
Indian memoirists
20th-century Indian biographers
Indian travel writers
Novelists from Kerala
20th-century Indian novelists
20th-century memoirists


Condah  is a small town in south west Victoria, Australia and is located on the Henty Highway north of Heywood. At the 2006 census, Condah and the surrounding area had a population of 272.

It is about  to  north-west of Lake Condah, Budj Bim National Park and Budj Bim.

History
 Condah Pub has been open since 1854 and still thrives today.
 A cemetery was set aside in May 1863.
 Condah Post Office opened on 12 May 1868 and closed in 2001.
 Two churches were opened, one Anglican in 1883, one Presbyterian in 1908.

Traditional ownership
The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Condah sits are the Gunditjmara People who are represented by the Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation.

Notable people
W J (Billy) Millard, the winner of the inaugural 1878 Stawell Gift was a resident of Condah;
 Andrew Lovett, Wally Lovett, Glenn Lovett and Nathan Lovett-Murray, all AFL football players, are Gunditjmara people either from Lake Condah or have relatives in the area.

References

External links

Towns in Victoria (state)
Western District (Victoria)


Jay Kinsbruner (1939–2007) was a professor and professor emeritus of history at Queens College, City University of New York.

Kinsbruner worked initially on early national Chile, but subsequently studied Latin American independence processes with a comparative approach. His books include:
Diego Portales: Interpretative Essays on the Man and Times (Martinus Nijhoff, 1967)
Bernardo O'Higgins (Twayne Publishers, 1968)
The Spanish-American Independence Movement (Dryden Press 1973)
Chile: A Historical Interpretation (Harper & Row, 1974)
Independence in Spanish America: Civil Wars, Revolutions, and Underdevelopment (University of New Mexico Press, 1994)
Petty Capitalism in Spanish America: The Pulperos of Puebla, Mexico City, Caracas, and Buenos Aires (Westview Press, 1987)
Not of Pure Blood: The Free People of Color and Racial Prejudice in Nineteenth-Century Puerto Rico (Duke University Press, 1996)
The Colonial Spanish-American City: Urban Life in the Age of Atlantic Capitalism (University of Texas Press, 2005)
He also edited the second edition of the Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture, with over 3,000 articles.

References

1939 births
2007 deaths
Queens College, City University of New York faculty
21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
Place of birth missing
American male non-fiction writers


The Worthing series is a series of science fiction works by American writer Orson Scott Card.  It consists of two anthologies and two novels.  The first three books in this series are currently out of print.

Books in the series
Capitol (1979)
Hot Sleep (1979)
 The Worthing Chronicle (1983) - revised edition of Hot Sleep
 The Worthing Saga (1990; includes The Worthing Chronicle and selected stories from Capitol)

See also

List of works by Orson Scott Card
Orson Scott Card

External links
 The official Orson Scott Card website

Book series introduced in 1979
Novels by Orson Scott Card
Science fiction book series


Didimus is a genus of beetles of the family Passalidae.

Distribution
These beetles can be found in tropical Africa.

Species
 Didimus aberrans (Kuwert, 1898)
 Didimus africanus (Percheron, 1844)
 Didimus aloysiisabaudiae (Pangella, 1906)
 Didimus alvaradoi Corella, 1941
 Didimus communis (Kuwert, 1898)
 Didimus crassus Arrow, 1906 (1907)
 Didimus ealaensis Hincks, 1933
 Didimus haroldi Kuwert, 1898
 Didimus knutsoni Auriv., 1886
 Didimus laevis (Klug, 1835)
 Didimus latifrons Corella, 1941
 Didimus latipunctus Zang, 1905
 Didimus nachtigali Kuwert, 1891
 Didimus parastictus  (Imohoff, 1843)
 Didimus punctipectus (Kaup, 1868)
 Didimus ruwenzoricus Arrow, 1906 (1907)
 Didimus sansibaricus Harold, 1880
 Didimus simulator Kuwert, 1891
 Didimus wissmanni (Kuwert, 1891)

References

Passalidae


is a remix album dedicated to the Japanese group The Blue Hearts. It was recorded by various artists in 1994, but they named their group "Tōzokudan" (盗賊団 Thieves) for this release. Their name refers to Blue Hearts' song "Yoru no Tōzokudan" (夜の盗賊団 Night Thieves) from their album Dug Out.

Background
At the same time the album was released, the group also released a single on an 8 cm CD entitled "The Blue Hearts Hit! Hit! Hit!." The five songs in the medley were "Linda Linda", "Hito ni Yasashiku", "Yume", "Train-Train" and "Jōnetsu no Bara".

Tracks
"Dance Number" (ダンス・ナンバー Dansu Nanbaa) (No-Tech Mix)
"Chernobyl" (チェルノブイリ Cherunobuiri) (Hyper-Drived Mix)
"Train-Train" (TRAIN-TRAIN) (Ready-Made Mix)
"Aozora" (青空 Blue Sky) (Blue Bus Mix)
"Jōnetsu no Bara" (情熱の薔薇 Rose of Passion) (Jyonetsu'No'Mix)
"Yūgure" (夕暮れ Twilight) (House Mix)
"Yume" (夢 Dreams) (Ragga Harp Mix)
"Kiss Shite Hoshii" (キスしてほしい I Want a Kiss) (Sleepless Mix)
"Linda Linda" (リンダリンダ) (Post Historic Monster Dub Mix)
"Shōnen no Uta" (少年の詩 A Boy's Song) (Japanese Psycho Mix)
"Hito ni Yasashiku" (人にやさしく Be Kind to People) (British Mixture Rock Mix)
"Jōnetsu no Bara" (情熱の薔薇 Rose of Passion) (Acid Funk Mix)
"Dance Number" (ダンス・ナンバー Dansu Nanbaa) (Hage Mix)
"Yume no Eki" (夢の駅 Dream Station) (Dub Master X-in Dub)

References

The Blue Hearts albums
1994 remix albums
East West Records remix albums


The Wenlock River is a river located on the Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, Australia.

Course and features

The river rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range below Jacks Knob, west of Nundah homestead. The river flows generally north-west through tropical savanna plains and wetlands, joined by fifteen minor tributaries, before reaching its mouth and joining with the Ducie River on the western side of the peninsula at Port Musgrave, just north of Mapoon. Finally, the Wenlock River enters the Gulf of Carpentaria and descends  over its  course. The total catchment size is .

The river has no water storage facilities built on it and there is little development within the drainage basin, resulting in a low population. In 2010, the Queensland Government declared the river a 'wild river', one of thirteen Queensland rivers that are free of dams, weirs, irrigation schemes and industrial development, and remain largely intact.

Much of the river is bordered by gallery rainforests which provide habitat for animals such as the white-tailed rat, spotted cuscus and palm cockatoo.  During the wet season the river floods, replenishing the wetlands.  With some 48 species, the river contains the highest diversity of freshwater fish of all Australian rivers, many of which are shared with the rivers of southern New Guinea.  They include Buffon's river garfish and fimbriate gudgeon, as well as the freshwater sawfish and more common species such as the sooty grunter, saratoga and barramundi.  The river is also home to one of Queensland’s largest breeding populations of the saltwater crocodile.

Originally named the Batavia River, the river was renamed in 1939, reportedly in honour of Baron Wenlock.

See also

Wenlock Goldfield

References

Rivers of Far North Queensland
Gulf of Carpentaria


The men's freestyle +100 kg at the 1972 Summer Olympics as part of the wrestling program at the Fairgrounds, Judo and Wrestling Hall.

Medalists

Tournament results
The competition used a form of negative points tournament, with negative points given for any result short of a fall. Accumulation of 6 negative points eliminated the wrestler. When only two or three wrestlers remain, a special final round is used to determine the order of the medals.

Legend
DNA — Did not appear
TPP — Total penalty points
MPP — Match penalty points

Penalties
0 — Won by Fall, Passivity, Injury and Forfeit
0.5 — Won by Technical Superiority
1 — Won by Points
2 — Draw
2.5 — Draw, Passivity
3 — Lost by Points
3.5 — Lost by Technical Superiority
4 — Lost by Fall, Passivity, Injury and Forfeit

Round 1
Chris Taylor was controversially defeated by Alexander Medved. It appeared Medved was stalling but the referee awarded a point to the Soviet, charging Taylor with a lack of action. Later admitting that he felt sorry for Medved because of Taylor's size, the referee was dismissed from the Olympic tournament and banned from international officiating. In the Greco-Roman competition Taylor was unexpectedly suplexed and pinned by a much lighter Wilfried Dietrich, whom he defeated a week before in the freestyle contest.

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Round 5

Final

Results from the preliminary round are carried forward into the final (shown in yellow).

Final standings

References

External links
Official Report

Freestyle 99kg


Two Working Men () are a pair of statues made by the Irish sculptor Oisín Kelly. The piece took Kelly three years to create and was unveiled in front of the County Hall in Cork in 1969. As with other works of public art in the region, the statues took on a local colloquial name, and are still commonly known as "Cha and Miah".

History

Two Working Men became Kelly's second statue on public display, after his acclaimed Children of Lir was unveiled at Dublin's Garden of Remembrance in 1966. That year, Kelly received a commission for a new statue, to be erected outside Liberty Hall in Dublin, which at the time was Ireland's tallest building and the headquarters of the SIPTU trade union.

Before the statues were to be moved outside Liberty Hall however, SIPTU deemed that they would pose a traffic hazard. In 2007 Desmond Rea O'Kelly, architect of Liberty Hall, reflected on this lost opportunity:

The work was instead unveiled in front of Cork's new county hall building in 1969, which during the time the statues were being made had unseated Liberty Hall as the tallest building in Ireland. (It would remain the tallest building in Ireland until 2008.)

The statues were removed for a period during the redevelopment of the County Hall, but were replaced in 2006.

Appearance and legacy
The statues consist of two men, one tall and thin and the other shorter and stout. The shorter man is shown wearing a cap and clasping his hands behind his back while the taller man's hands are placed on his hips. Both men are gazing skyward, ostensibly at the top of the building. The statue's key message is to profile the common "everyday Irish person" admiring the finished product of work in a modern Ireland.

In the years after their unveiling, the statues became known locally as "Cha and Miah". The label derives from the names of two "everyman" Cork characters on the Hall's Pictorial Weekly television show which became popular in the early 1970s.

References

Monuments and memorials in the Republic of Ireland
Buildings and structures in Cork (city)
1969 sculptures
Outdoor sculptures in Ireland
Irish sculpture
Bronze sculptures


George Edward Jenkins (September 1904 – January 1985) was a Canadian soccer player who began his career in Canada, spent a single season in the American Soccer League and ended it in Scotland.

Jenkins was born in Stockton-on-Tees, England, but his family moved to Canada when he was two. They settled in Montreal and he began his senior career with Montreal CPR of the Canadian National Soccer League. At some point he also played for the Montreal Maroons. In 1926, he moved south and signed with Indiana Flooring in the American Soccer League. He played only nine league games, but scored five goals, adding another goal in two National Challenge Cup games. He then returned to Montreal, rejoining the Maroons. Although he had played as a center forward up to this time, he now moved into the nets as a result of a serious knee injury and where he remained for the rest of his career.  After recovery from injury he first played for Rosemount Rangers in Montreal in 1929, then Iberville in the Montreal and District League in 1931, and then on to Montreal CPR in 1932 and Montreal Carsteel in 1933. In 1933, Jenkins moved to Scotland and signed with Rangers. He then moved to Kilmarnock for a season, but did not feature in the league. He ended his career with Hamilton Academical during the 1946–47 season.

References

1904 births
1985 deaths
Footballers from Stockton-on-Tees
Soccer players from Montreal
Anglophone Quebec people
British emigrants to Canada
Canadian men's soccer players
Men's association football forwards
Men's association football goalkeepers
Men's association football utility players
Kilmarnock F.C. players
Montreal Carsteel players
Indiana Flooring players
Rangers F.C. players
Hamilton Academical F.C. players
American Soccer League (1921–1933) players
Scottish Football League players
Canadian expatriate men's soccer players
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Expatriate men's footballers in Scotland
Canadian National Soccer League players


Rudolf Czipott () (January 14 or June 18, 1825 in Hodoš – May 20, 1901) was a Slovene Lutheran pastor and writer in Hungary.

Early life
His father, György Czipott, was a writer, pastor and teacher in the Slovenian town of Hodoš who was born near Murska Sobota. His mother, Erzsébet Hutter, was of German descent, the daughter of the pastor of Kukmirn (Burgenland). Czipott had two brothers: Lajos and József.

Czipott's father died in 1834. The Czipott family moved to Sopron, where Czipott studied in the Lutheran Lyceum. By 1847 Czipott studied in Vienna, where he worked as a private teacher.
In 1848 Czipott fought in the First Revolution of Vienna. After the revolution he went home and worked as a government official in Kővágóörs, near Balaton.
In 1853 Czipott and his mother moved to Vése (Somogy), Czipott's mother died in 1884.

In 1858 the pastor of Puconci Sándor Terplán died and Czipott received the parish of Puconci, until he died in 1901.

Works
 Predga 1888-ga leta oktobra 28-ga dnéva na dén reformátzie : vu Battyándszkoj (Püczonszkoj) ev. czérkvi. : V-Szoboti (Muraszombat) : stampano z-piszkmi Grünbaum Márka, 1888.
 Predga 1883-ga leta Octobra 14-toga dneva, liki na sztotni szpoumenek nasztávlanya Püczonszkoga Szpráviscsa czérkevnoga : i zkrátkim dojszpisüvanyem prigode püczonszke gmajne. V Keszthelyi vödána na sztroski pobozsnoga gmajnara Kühar Stevana Tesanovszkoga, 1884. 20. p.
 Vcsenyé konfirmátzie. V-Szoboti (Muraszombat): Czérkevno szpráviscse püczonszko, 1888. 44. p.

See also
 List of Slovene writers and poets in Hungary
 György Czipott

References
 Muravidéki életrajzi lexikon
 Czipott Rudolf önéletrajza (1886. május 5.)

1825 births
1901 deaths
People from Hodoš
Slovenian Lutheran clergy
Slovenian writers and poets in Hungary
People of Hungarian German descent
Slovene Austro-Hungarians
Hungarian people of Slovenian descent


The Communauté de communes des Trois Rivières is a former intercommunality in the Seine-Maritime département of the Normandy region of north-western France. It was created in January 2002. It was merged into the new Communauté de communes Terroir de Caux in January 2017.

Participants
The Communauté de communes comprised the following 25 communes:

Auffay
Beauval-en-Caux
Belleville-en-Caux
Bertrimont
Biville-la-Baignarde
Calleville-les-Deux-Églises
Étaimpuis
La Fontelaye
Fresnay-le-Long
Gonneville-sur-Scie
Heugleville-sur-Scie
Imbleville
Montreuil-en-Caux
Saint-Denis-sur-Scie
Saint-Maclou-de-Folleville
Saint-Ouen-du-Breuil
Saint-Vaast-du-Val
Saint-Victor-l'Abbaye
Sévis
Tôtes
Val-de-Saâne
Varneville-Bretteville
Vassonville

See also
Communes of the Seine-Maritime department

References

Trois Rivieres


Internationalization Index is a criterion used by the United Nations to rank nations and companies in evaluating their degree of integration with the world economy.

Internationalization Index is calculated as the number of foreign affiliates divided by the number of all affiliates.

Global economic indicators


The Transnationality Index (TNI) is a means of ranking multinational corporations that is employed by economists and politicians. It is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the following three ratios (where "foreign" means outside of the corporation's home country):
 the ratio of foreign assets to total assets
 the ratio of foreign sales to total sales
 the ratio of foreign employment to total employment

The Transnationality Index was developed by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.

Multinational corporations are also ranked by the amount of foreign assets that they own. However, the TNI ranking can differ markedly from this. For example, as of 2000, General Electric was the second largest multinational corporation in terms of foreign asset ownership. However, it ranked only 73rd in the overall TNI, with an index score of 40%. Although the company had large investments outside of the United States, most of its sales, employment, and assets were within the United States. In contrast, Exxon has a TNI of 68% and Vodafone has a TNI of 81%. As of 2001, General Electric ranked 75th, with a TNI of 36.7%. The 14 most transnational corporations originated in small countries (Switzerland, the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, Belgium, and Canada), whereas the largest multinational corporations in terms of foreign asset ownership all had low TNI scores. General Motors, the fourth largest multinational corporation in terms of foreign asset ownership only ranked 83rd (30.7%) in the TNI top 100. IBM ranked 50th (53.7%), Volkswagen ranked 45th (55.7%), and Toyota, the sixth largest multinational corporation in terms of foreign asset ownership, only ranked 82nd (30.9%) on the broader TNI scale.

Peter Dicken, an honorary fellow of the School of Environment and Development at the University of Manchester, argues that TNI data refute the assertions of hyperglobalism. The data, he argues, prove false the claim that multinational corporations are "inexorably, and inevitably, abandoning their ties to their country of origin". If that were the case, we would expect the largest multinational corporations to have the majority of their assets, sales, and employment outside of their countries of origin, and thus the majority of those corporations to have high TNIs. In fact, in the UNCTAD TNI data for the top 100 multinational corporations for 2001, the mean TNI is 52.6%, 57 of the 100 have a TNI greater than 50%, and only a mere 16 have a TNI greater than 75%. Thus, he concludes, measured TNI data provide little evidence for multinational corporations having the proportions of their assets, sales, and employees outside of their home countries that one would expect for truly global firms.

See also
Globalization

References

Transnationalism
Business indices


"Sway" is a song by British indie rock band The Kooks and is the third and final single of their second album Konk. It was released physically on 10 October 2008. The track is also featured in the I Love You, Beth Cooper soundtrack.

Track listings

Promo CD
 "Sway" (Radio Mix)
 "Sway" (Album Version)
 "Sway" (Instrumental)

CD
 "Sway" (Radio Mix)
 "Stole Away"  (Demo)

7" Vinyl [1]
 "Sway"
 "It Can Be So Hard" (Demo)

7" Vinyl [2]
 "Sway" (Radio Mix)
 "Sway" (Live Woodstock Session)

Digital iTunes bundle
 "Sway" (Radio Mix)
 "Sway" (Live Woodstock Session)
 "Stole Away" (Demo)
 "It Can Be So Hard" (Demo)

Charts
"Sway" originally charted on downloads alone on the week of the album's release, it entered the UK charts at 90, the next week it dropped out of the charts, then it re-entered a week before its physical release at 89, on downloads alone, upon its physical release it jumped to 41, making it their only song to peak outside of the top 40.

Chart performance

References

External links
 Music Video (YouTube)

2008 singles
2008 songs
The Kooks songs
Virgin Records singles


György Czipott Slovene Juri Cipot, Prekmurje dialect Djürji Cipott (April 6, 1793 or April 1, 1794 – November 9, 1834) was a Slovenian Lutheran pastor, teacher, and writer in Hungary. His son Rudolf Czipott was a writer.

He was born in Černelavci, near Murska Sobota, or according to other sources in Puconci. He and his parents Miklós Czipott and Flóra Pekits soon moved to Polana.

Czipott studied at the Lutheran Lyceum of Sopron, and he was a curate in Körmend, and later in Legrad (Croatia). By 1821 he was serving in Hodoš, where he built a new church in 1823.

In 1829 he wrote his work Dühovni áldovi (Spiritual Blessings).

Czipott died in 1834. His successor in Puconci was the writer and poet János Kardos.

Works
 Dühovni áldovi ali molitvene knige Krszcsenikom na szrdcza i düse opravo i obeszeljávanye vu tuzni 'zitka vöraj. Szpravlene po Czípott Gyürji Evangelicsánszke Hodoske Fare Dühovniki. V. Sombathéli z Perger Ferentza píszkmi 1829.

See also
 List of Slovene writers and poets in Hungary
 Rudolf Czipott

References
 Muravidéki életrajzi lexikon
 Anton Trstenjak: Slovenci na Ogrskem Narodopisna in književna črtica, OBJAVA ARHIVSKIH VIROV, Maribor 2006.

Slovenian writers and poets in Hungary
Slovenian Lutheran clergy
1790s births
1834 deaths

People from the City Municipality of Murska Sobota


The Cloud Girls are comedians Jennifer Carnovale and Madeleine Culp, also known as carnovale & culp. They regularly perform at comedy festivals such as the Melbourne Fringe Festival and at stand-up rooms in Sydney and Melbourne. Jennifer and Madeleine also appear on Australian youth radio station Triple J where they present a segment during Sam Simmons' weekend breakfast program and were in ABC Comedy's "The Urban Monkey".

History
Jennifer and Madeleine met in their senior years at an arts high school and it was soon decided that their comedy styles work well together. After numerous comedy and variety nights the girls decided that they could write their own show, resulting in "How To Be A Cloud and Other Life Lessons" (2006). This is where their nickname "The Cloud Girls" originated from. Their first comedy festival was Adelaide Fringe Festival in 2007. Since then they have performed at Melbourne International Comedy Festival and Sydney Comedy Festival. Since 7 July 2008, the Cloud Girls frequently host their own show on Triple J's mid-dawn shift (1 a.m. – 6 a.m.), usually on Thursday morning. During summer 2010 they hosted the weekday evenings program on Triple J from 6 p.m. – 10 p.m., called Summer Nights. The show is a mixture of requests, summer party tunes and discussion. The duo won Sydney Comedy Festival's Best Newcomer Award for their 2010 show "The Cloud Girls in World".

Triple J announcers
Australian comedy troupes
Australian women comedians
Australian women radio presenters


Nilam is a 1949 Singaporean Malay-language black-and-white romantic drama film, director by B. S. Rajhans.

Synopsis
The film tells the story of a young Javanese man, Ahmad, who leaves his village with a magic protective dagger given to him by his mother. He takes to the seas, eager to discover the world. He reaches the exotic Arabian coast, and travels all the way to Egypt, encountering belly dancers, harem women, etc. He meets Princess Nilam and falls in love. Nilam's father will allow Ahmad to marry her only if he brings back a blue diamond guarded by monsters at a faraway location.'

Cast
 Siput Serawak as Puteri Nilam
 S. Roomai Noor as Ahmad
 P. Ramlee as Rashid
 Siti Tanjung Perak as Suratna
 Neng Yatimah as Dancer
 Suhara Effendi as Ruchi
 Daeng Harris
 Jaafar Wiryo
 Siti Zainab

References

1949 drama films
1949 films
Malaysian black-and-white films
Singaporean black-and-white films
Malay Film Productions films
Malaysian fantasy films
Singaporean fantasy films
Films directed by B. S. Rajhans


The German Colonial Society () (DKG) was a German organisation formed on 19 December 1887 to promote German colonialism. The Society was formed through the merger of the  (; established in 1882 in Frankfurt) and the Society for German Colonization (; established in 1884). The Society was headquartered in Berlin.

The German Colonial Society worked in close cooperation with the Pan-German League and became influential in the German Empire. Among its leaders were Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Carl Peters and several members of parliament. Upon its formation the Society had approximately 15,000 members and by 1914 the number of members had increased to 42,000. The foremost goal of the Society was to work for a more expansive German colonial policy. From 1916 plans were made for a German colonial empire in Africa, the so-called , as well as annexations in East Asia. After Germany lost its colonies at the end of the First World War, the Society propagated for their reoccupation.

The society took over the recently founded Deutsches Kolonialmuseum in 1900. Affiliated with the society were the  (est. 1896), Hauptverband deutscher Flottenvereine im Ausland (est. 1898), and Frauenbund der deutschen Kolonialgesellschaft (est. 1907).

When the Nazi party seized power in Germany, it was decided that a new Society under its direct control was to be created. On 13 June 1936, the German Colonial Society was dissolved and colonial propaganda became the task of the .

See also

References

Bibliography

issued by the society
 Deutsche Kolonialzeitung via HathiTrust

about the society

External links
 Der Bildbestand der Deutschen Kolonialgesellschaft in the Frankfurt University Library

Images

Defunct organisations based in Germany
1887 establishments in the German colonial empire
Organizations established in 1887
Organizations disestablished in 1936
1936 disestablishments in Germany
Organisations based in Berlin
Organizations of the German Empire