SS Hungarian was a transatlantic steamship of the Canadian Allan Line that was launched in 1858, completed in 1859, and sank in 1860.

William Denny and Brothers of Dumbarton, Scotland launched her on September 25, 1858. She was powered by a 400 nhp direct-acting steam engine that drove a single screw. She was completed in 1859. Hungarians maiden voyage began on May 18, 1859 when she left Liverpool for Quebec. She was wrecked in 1860 at Cape Sable Island, off Nova Scotia, with the loss of all aboard.

Rescue of the John Martin
At 8:00 on November 9, 1859, Hungarian sighted a vessel in distress in a strong northerly gale and high seas off the edge of the Newfoundland Banks. A crew of 7 men, including Chief Officer Hardie and Third Officer Porter were lowered into a lifeboat and headed to the vessel. Upon arriving within hailing range, they were told the ship was the British schooner John Martin, which also carried the rescued crew of another schooner wrecked off Labrador. The sinking John Martin was abandoned by its complement of 43, including 23 women and children. Chief Officer Hardie was knocked overboard while helping passengers into Hungarian. He could not swim, but hauled himself aboard by a rope and survived the ordeal.

Hungarian headed for St. John's and arrived on the morning of November 10. Each member of Hungarians crew who had helped in the lifeboat was given a party by the passengers of the trip, and also received a silver cup for their heroism.

Sinking
On February 8, 1860, Hungarian left Liverpool, England for Portland, Maine, under the command of Captain Thomas Jones. She called at Queenstown, Ireland, and departed from there on February 9, 1860. On the night of February 19, she wrecked on Cape Ledge, the west side of Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, with total loss of life. The wrecked ship, and survivors who clung to her, were visible from shore, but unreachable due to high seas and gale-force winds that did not relent until six days later.

Newspaper articles were published for months after the incident. Most messages about the disaster were sent out from Barrington Telegraph and relayed to major cities. News of the wreck following soon after that of her sister ship Indian "threw a sense of gloom over the whole of British America". 205 people were killed.

References

External links
Related newspaper articles at The Ships List
On The Rocks
NSWrecks.net
The Global Gazette

1858 ships
Ships built on the River Clyde
Maritime incidents in February 1860
Shipwrecks of the Nova Scotia coast
Steamships of Canada


Kangiryuatjagmiut (or Kanghiryatmagmiut; or Kanhiryuatjidgmiut) were a Copper Inuit subgroup. They lived around Minto Inlet, and between Minto inlet and Walker Bay.

The Kangiryuatjagmiut and the Kangiryuarmiut of Prince Albert Sound were the northernmost Copper Inuit. As with the Kangiryuarmiut, the Kangiryuatjagmiut migrated seasonally throughout western Victoria Island, Banks Island, and the mainland in the area of present-day Kugluktuk, Nunavut. Prior to white contact, and the introduction of schooners, the Kangiryuarmiut migrated mostly by foot, developing what Nuttall (1992) referred to as an "embodied memoryscape" in that people knew all place names en route, the accompanying stories, and a collective significance and relational understanding of locations. According to Balanoff and Chambers, this knowledge is integral to social identity and Inuinnaqtun literacies.

References

Copper Inuit
Inuvialuit groups


David et Jonathan was a 1980s vocal duet composed of David Marouani (born 1969) and Jonathan Bermudes (born 1968). The Pair is best known for their hits, "Bella Vita", "Gina" and "Est-ce que tu viens pour les vacances ?", which achieved huge success in France in 1987 and 1988 and earned Silver and Gold certifications. Several of their songs were written by Didier Barbelivien. When the band split up in 1990, both singers began solo careers, neither successfully.

Discography

Albums
 1990s : Fais pas semblant (David Marouani)

Singles
 1986 : "Bella Vita" - #2 in France, Gold disc
 1987 : "Gina" - #18 in France, Silver disc
 1988 : "Est-ce que tu viens pour les vacances ?" - #3 in France, Gold disc
 1988 : "Cœur de gosse" - #26 in France
 1989 : "Pour toi Arménie" (charity single)
 1990s : "Envie de pleurer" (David Marouani)
 1990s : "Mes Nuits au soleil" (Jonathan Bermudes)

References

French musical duos
Musical groups established in 1986
Musical groups disestablished in 1990
1986 establishments in France


Sobantu Shootings Stars, is a South African football club based in the Sobantu township, which is a small suburb situated 4 km from the city centre of Pietermaritzburg. The club currently play in the KwaZulu-Natal province of Vodacom League.

External links
SAFA Official Website -database with results of Vodacom League

SAFA Second Division clubs
Soccer clubs in KwaZulu-Natal


Gérald Forschelet (born 19 September 1981 in Papeete, Tahiti) is a Tahitian-French professional football player who plays as defensive midfielder.

Career

Cannes

Forschelet started his career at Cannes on 1998, debuting for the team on 17 February 2001 in a Ligue 2 match against Montpellier. He played in other 6 matches in that season when the club was relegated to Championnat National. Playing at the 3rd tier of French football, Forschelet caught the attention of English club Bolton Wanderers and signed for the Premier League team in February 2002.

Bolton Wanderers

Forschelet never managed to get first team football at Bolton Wanderers after facing competition with players like Kevin Nolan, Per Frandsen, Iván Campo and Jay-Jay Okocha. Playing only for the reserve team during the whole 2002–03 season, the Tahitian left the club on loan for the whole 2003–04 season.

Neuchâtel Xamax

Arriving at Neuchâtel Xamax on loan, Forschelet managed to break into the first team with 24 appearances and 6 goals at Axpo Super League being used as right-midfielder and even as an attacking midfield. Upon his return, he was released from Bolton Wanderers and signed for French club FC Istres. Having limited play time due to injuries, Forschelet grabbed only two Ligue 1 appearances against Nantes and Lille before being released and returning to Neuchâtel Xamax where injuries once again hit the Tahitian midfielder who played the 90 minutes in only one of his 11 appearances.

Charleroi

Forschelet was transferred to Belgian Charleroi on 2005, after the club has finished 5th on 2004-05 Belgian First Division. He played 14 times for the Zèbres, scoring once.

Assyriska

In January 2007, Forschelet moved to Assyriska, which was recently relegated to Division 1, the 3rd tier of Swedish football, winning the competition the same year. However, his contract was not renewed after the club's promotion.

AFC Tubize

Forschelet signed on mid-2008 for AFC Tubize to play at the Belgian First Division. Forschelet appearance 16 times during AFC Tubize's first and only season at the top flight but could not avoid relegation. The Tahitian midfielder was released after the end of his contract.

Non-professional football

Forschelet had unsuccessful trials with Swedish clubs Åtvidabergs FF and Ljungskile SK before signing with Belgian low tier Cité Sport.

References

1981 births
Living people
French Polynesian men's footballers
French men's footballers
French Polynesian expatriate men's footballers
Bolton Wanderers F.C. players
Royale Union Tubize-Braine players
FC Istres players
Neuchâtel Xamax FCS players
R. Charleroi S.C. players
AS Cannes players
Men's association football midfielders


Harvey Leslie Hyde (born July 13, 1939) is an American sports journalist and former football coach.  He served as the head football coach at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) from 1982 to 1985.

Early career
Hyde was born in Pasadena, California. He started his college head coaching career at Pasadena City College. He graduated from the University of Redlands.

Coaching career
The Rebels improved under Hyde's tenure. In 1983, they went 7–4, a four win improvement from the last season. The following year, they had unprecedented success in the 1984 season; with star quarterback Randall Cunningham, UNLV went 11–2, won their conference title and defeated Toledo in the California Bowl. It was UNLV's only 11-win season.  Hyde was at one point a candidate for the vacant head coaching position at Arizona State.

However, it was later discovered the Rebels had used ineligible players and the Pacific Coast Athletic Association (now Big West Conference) had the Rebels forfeit all the wins from the 1983 and 1984 seasons, though the wins were not stricken from NCAA and UNLV records.  Although none of the ineligible players were used in the bowl game, the California Bowl was among the games forfeited.  The issue erupted at the same time the university president, Robert Maxson, was in the middle of an hostile relationship with the school's famous head basketball coach, Jerry Tarkanian, over similar off-the-court issues with players. The athletic director at the time, Brad Rothermel, noted in later years that Maxson wanted to fire Hyde because of the coach's friendship with Jerry Tarkanian's brother, Myron, stating "When President Maxson discovered (that friendship), he did what he could to level the legs of the football program. We didn't recover from that."  During the 1985 season, one of Hyde's players was Marion "Suge" Knight.  Among his coaching staff was future Fresno State head coach Pat Hill.

Things became more difficult for the embattled coach, as nine of his players got involved in various scrapes with the law ranging from theft to assault. Finally, on April 23, 1986, Hyde was fired by Maxon with three years left on his $62,500-a-year contract, which the university said it would honor. One of his assistant coaches, Wayne Nunnely, was named interim head coach through the 1986 season, before being chosen as his permanent successor. His firing marked a period of decline for the Rebels that lasted for over three decades.

Hyde coached football one last time in 1990, as George Allen's associate head coach, recruiting coordinator and running backs coach at Long Beach State.  During that year, Hyde recruited future National Football League star Terrell Davis.  Their tenure would only last one season as Allen died just after the end of the regular season, in part due to weak health after his players drenched him with ice water to celebrate a season-ending victory over UNLV.  In interviewing to be the permanent head coach of Long Beach State, a program which was under financial duress, Hyde offered radical ideas of having the team play only road games, recruit only junior college players and use only one set of uniforms; he was not selected and the program only lasted one more season before finally shutting down.

After coaching
After football, Hyde went on to do sports radio for KSHP-AM 1400 in Las Vegas, and working as part of the USC football pregame show for ESPN Radio 710 in Los Angeles.

Head coaching record

* Entire 1983 and 1984 seasons, including the 1984 California Bowl, forfeited due to ineligible players. On-field record for 1983 is 7–4 (4–2 PCAA), official record for 1984 is 11–2 (7–0 PCAA).
#On-field record is 26–19–1 (16–9–1 PCAA) if forfeited games are included.

References

1939 births
Living people
Long Beach State 49ers football coaches
Pasadena City Lancers football coaches
Sportspeople from Pasadena, California
University of Redlands alumni
UNLV Rebels football coaches


Ernest Kombo (March 27, 1941 – October 22, 2008) was a Congo-Brazzaville religious official born in 1941 in Pointe-Noire, French Equatorial Africa. He was ordained a Catholic priest for the Society of Jesus (S.J.) on July 6, 1973. On December 5, 1983, he was appointed the third bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nkayi and he was consecrated bishop on January 6, 1984 by Pope John Paul II assisted by Cardinals Eduardo Martínez Somalo and Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy, inside St. Peter's Basilica. Following the appointment of Msgr. Georges-Firmin Singha as Bishop of Pointe-Noire, Bishop Kombo was transferred to the Diocese of Owando on July 7, 1990 as the second bishop of that diocese from the Republic of the Congo. He was very direct in his manner.

From 1991 to 1992, he was elected to head Congo's interim legislature, the Conseil Superieur de la Republique (CRS). In October 1994, at the General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, at the Vatican, Bishop Kombo proposed that some Roman Catholic nuns be made members of the College of Cardinals, because of their mission to the Roman Catholic Church.
Msgr. Kombo died in Paris, France, at the Val-de-Grâce Hospital of stomach cancer, on Wednesday, October 22, 2008, aged 67, where he was recovering from his poor health. According to his will, his body was repatriated to his native Congo for interment inside the small Catholic Cemetery adjoining the Metropolitan Cathedral Sacre-Coeur of Brazzaville.

Notes

1941 births
2008 deaths
Presidents of the National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)
Republic of the Congo Jesuits
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Republic of the Congo
21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Republic of the Congo
Jesuit bishops
Roman Catholic bishops of Owando
Roman Catholic bishops of Nkayi
Republic of the Congo Roman Catholic bishops


The 2003 Atlantic hurricane season was an active Atlantic hurricane season with tropical activity before and after the official bounds of the season – the first such occurrence in 33 years. The season officially began on June 1, 2003 and ended on November 30. However, a pre-season storm, Tropical Storm Ana, led to the season starting on April 20, and storm activity continued through December 11. The timeline includes information which was not operationally released, meaning that information from post-storm reviews by the National Hurricane Center, such as information on a storm that was not operationally warned upon, has been included. This timeline documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transitions, as well as dissipations during the season.

This season had 21 tropical depressions, of which, 16 became named storms. Of these, 7 strengthened into hurricanes with 3 intensifying into major hurricanes. Hurricane Fabian, Hurricane Isabel, and Hurricane Juan had their names retired due to the impact caused in Bermuda, the eastern United States, and Nova Scotia respectively. Both Fabian and Juan were the worst hurricanes to hit their respective areas, causing $450 million in damages and 16 fatalities. Hurricane Isabel was the strongest, deadliest, and costliest storm of the season. Isabel peaked as a Category 5 hurricane over the open waters of the Atlantic; however, it weakened to a Category 2 before impacting the east coast of the United States, causing $3.6 billion in damages and 51 fatalities.

Timeline

April
April 20

2 a.m. EDT (0600 UTC) – Subtropical Storm Ana develops out of an extratropical low 250 miles (400 km) west of Bermuda.
8 p.m. EDT (0000 UTC April 21) – Subtropical Storm Ana gains tropical characteristics and becomes Tropical Storm Ana.

April 24
2 a.m. EDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Storm Ana loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical.

June
June 1
The Atlantic hurricane season officially begins.

June 10
8 p.m. AST (0000 June 11) – Tropical Depression Two forms 1,145 mi (1,840 km) southwest of Brava, Cape Verde.

June 11

8 p.m. AST (0000 June 12) – Tropical Depression Two dissipates over open waters.

June 29
1 a.m. CDT (0600 UTC) A Tropical Depression forms 210 mi west-northwest of Cancun, Mexico.
7 a.m. CDT (1200 UTC) – The Tropical Depression strengthens into Tropical Storm Bill.

June 30
2 p.m. CDT (1900 UTC) – Tropical Storm Bill makes landfall near Cocodrie, Louisiana with winds of 60 mph (95 km/h).

July
July 1
1 a.m. CDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Storm Bill is downgraded to a tropical depression.

July2
7 p.m. CDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Bill loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical.

July 8
8 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Claudette develops out of a tropical wave located 150 mi (240 km) north of Aruba.

July 10
8 a.m. EDT (1200 UTC) – Tropical Storm Claudette intensifies into a hurricane in the western Caribbean Sea.
2 p.m. EDT (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Claudette weakens back to a tropical storm.

July 11

5 a.m. CDT (1000 UTC) – Tropical Storm Claudette makes landfall near Puerto Morelos, Mexico with winds of 60 mph (95 km/h).

July 15
1 a.m. CDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Storm Claudette re-intensifies into a hurricane in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico.
10:30 a.m. CDT (1530 UTC) – Hurricane Claudette makes landfall near Matagorda Island, Texas with winds of 90 mph (145 km/h).
7 p.m. CDT (0000 UTC July 16 UTC) – Hurricane Claudette weakens to a tropical storm.

July 16
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Four forms 635 mi (1,020 km) east of Bermuda.
7 p.m. CDT (0000 UTC July 17 UTC) – Tropical Storm Claudette weakens to a tropical depression.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC July 17 UTC) – Tropical Depression Four strengthens into Tropical Storm Danny.

July 17
1 a.m. CDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Claudette degenerates into a remnant low-pressure area.

July 18

2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Danny strengthens into a hurricane.

July 19
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Danny weakens to a tropical storm.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Six forms 1035 mi (1675 km) east of the Lesser Antilles.

July 20
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Danny weakens to a tropical depression.

July 21
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Danny degenerates into a remnant low-pressure area.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Six dissipates over open waters.

July 25
8 p.m. EDT (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Seven forms 60 mi (95 km) east of Daytona Beach, Florida.

July 26
2 a.m. EDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Seven makes landfall near St. Catherines Island, Georgia with winds of 30 mph (45 km/h).

July 27
2 a.m. EDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Seven dissipates inland.

August
August 14
8 p.m. EDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Erika develops out of an area of low pressure about 85 mi (140 km) west-southwest of Fort Myers, Florida.

August 16
5:30 a.m. CDT (1030 UTC) – Tropical Storm Erika strengthens into a hurricane and makes landfall near Boca San Rafael in northeastern Tamaulipas with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h)
1 p.m. CDT (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Erika weakens to a tropical storm.
7 p.m. CDT (0000 UTC August 17) – Tropical Storm Erika weakens to a tropical depression.

August 17

1 a.m. CDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Erika dissipates over the mountains of northern Mexico.

August 21
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Nine forms about 260 mi (415 km) south of San Juan, Puerto Rico.

August 22
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Nine dissipates over open waters.
August 27
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Ten forms 420 mi (675 km) west of the Cape Verde Islands.

August 28
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Ten strengthens into Tropical Storm Fabian.

August 29
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC August 30) – Tropical Storm Fabian intensifies into a hurricane.

August 30
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) –Hurricane Fabian strengthens into a Category 2 hurricane.
7 a.m. CDT (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Eleven forms 335 mi (540 km) east-southeast of Corpus Christi, Texas.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian strengthens into a major hurricane—a storm with winds of 111 mph (178 km/h) or higher.
1 p.m. CDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Eleven strengthens into Tropical Storm Grace.

August 31

6 a.m. CDT (1100 UTC) – Tropical Storm Grace makes landfall near Galveston Island, Texas with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h).
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian strengthens into a Category 4 hurricane.
1 p.m. CDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Grace weakens to a tropical depression.

September
September 1
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian reaches its peak intensity with winds of 145 mph (230 km/h) while located 310 mi (500 km) northeast of Barbuda.

September 2
7 a.m. CDT (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Grace dissipates as it gets absorbed by a frontal system.

September 3

2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian weakens to a Category 3 hurricane.
2 p.m. EDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Twelve forms 300 mi (480 km) west of Tampa, Florida.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 4) – Hurricane Fabian re-intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane.

September 4
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian weakens to a Category 3 hurricane again.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 5) – Hurricane Fabian re-intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane.

September 5
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian weakens to a Category 3 hurricane once more.
2 a.m. EDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Twelve strengthens into Tropical Storm Henri.
4 p.m. AST (2000 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian makes its closest approach to land, passing 14 mi (23 km) to the west of Bermuda with winds of 120 mph (180 km/h).
8 p.m. EDT (0000 UTC September 6) – Tropical Storm Henri weakens to a tropical depression.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 6) – Tropical Depression Thirteen forms 470 mi (755 km) west-southwest of Brava, Cape Verde.

September 6
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Thirteen strengthens into Tropical Storm Isabel.
5 a.m. EDT (0900 UTC) – Tropical Depression Henri makes landfall near Clearwater, Florida with winds of 35 mph (55 km/h).
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 7) – Hurricane Fabian weakens into a Category 2 hurricane.

September 7
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian weakens to a Category 1 hurricane.
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Storm Isabel strengthens into a hurricane.

September 8

2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel strengthens into a Category 2 hurricane.
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Fourteen forms 290 mi (465 km) southeast of the southernmost Cape Verde islands.
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel strengthens into a major hurricane.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Fabian loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical, while retaining hurricane-force winds, over the open waters of the north Atlantic Ocean.
2 p.m. EDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Henri loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical shortly before dissipating.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 9) – Hurricane Isabel strengthens into a Category 4 hurricane.

September 9
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 10) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 3 hurricane.

September 10
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel re-intensifies into a Category 4 hurricane.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Fourteen dissipates.

September 11
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel strengthens into a Category 5 hurricane, becoming the strongest storm of the season; winds peak at 165 mph (270 km/h) and the minimum pressure is 915 mbar (hPa; (27.03 inHg). At this time, Isabel is located 560 mi (900 km) northeast of Guadeloupe.

September 12

8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 13) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 4 hurricane.

September 13
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel re-intensifies into a Category 5 hurricane.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 14) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 4 hurricane again.

September 14
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel re-intensifies into a Category 5 hurricane for the third and final time.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 15) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 4 hurricane once more.

September 15
8 p.m. EST (0000 UTC September 16) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 3 hurricane.

September 16
8 a.m. (1200 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 2 hurricane.

September 18
1 p.m. EST (1700 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel makes landfall near Drum Inlet, North Carolina with winds of 105 mph (165 km/h).
8 p.m. EST (0000 UTC September 19) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a Category 1 hurricane.

September 19
2 a.m. EST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Isabel weakens to a tropical storm.
8 a.m. EST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Storm Isabel loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical.

September 24
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Fifteen forms 345 mi (555 km) southeast of Bermuda.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC September 25) – Tropical Depression Fifteen strengthens into Tropical Storm Juan.

September 25
2 p.m AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Sixteen forms 920 mi (1,480 km) west-southwest of the Cape Verde Islands.

September 26
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Storm Juan strengthens into a hurricane.

September 27

2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Juan strengthens into a Category 2 hurricane.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Sixteen strengthens into Tropical Storm Kate.

September 28
11 p.m. AST (0300 UTC September 29) – Hurricane Juan makes landfall near Halifax, Nova Scotia with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h).

September 29
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Juan weakens to a Category 1 hurricane as it passes over Prince Edward Island with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h).
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Hurricane Juan weakens to a tropical storm.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Juan is absorbed by a large extratropical low.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Kate strengthens into a hurricane.

September 30
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Kate weakens to a tropical storm.

October
October 1

2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Kate re-intensifies into a hurricane.
1 p.m. CDT (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Larry develops out of an extratropical gale while located 300 mi (483 km) east-southeast of Tampico, Mexico.

October 3
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Kate strengthens into a Category 2 hurricane.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Kate strengthens into a major hurricane.

October 4
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Hurricane Kate reaches its peak intensity with winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) with a minimum pressure of 952 mbar (hPa; 28.12 inHg) while located 645 mi (1,040 km) southeast of Bermuda.

October 5
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Kate weakens to a Category 2 hurricane.
5 a.m. CDT (1000 UTC) – Tropical Storm Larry makes landfall near Paraíso in the Mexican state of Tabasco with winds of 60 mph (95 km/h).
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC October 6) – Hurricane Kate weakens to a Category 1 hurricane.

October 6

1 a.m. CDT (0600 UTC) – Tropical Storm Larry weakens to a tropical depression.
7 a.m. CDT (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Larry degenerates into a remnant low-pressure area.

October 7
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Hurricane Kate weakens to a tropical storm.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC October 8) – Tropical Storm Kate loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical over the northern Atlantic Ocean while located several hundred miles northeast of Newfoundland.

October 10
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Mindy forms 80 mi (130 km) northeast of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

October 12
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Tropical Storm Mindy weakens to a tropical depression.
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC October 13) – Tropical Depression Nineteen forms 1,030 mi (1,660 km) west-southwest of the Cape Verde islands.

October 14

2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Mindy dissipates.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Nineteen strengthens into Tropical Storm Nicholas.

October 22
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC October 23) – Tropical Storm Nicholas weakens to a tropical depression.

October 23
8 p.m. AST (0000 UTC October 24) – Tropical Depression Nicholas degenerates into a broad area of low pressure while located 605 mi (975 km) northeast of Barbuda.

November
November 30
The Atlantic hurricane season officially ends.

December
December 4

8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Depression Twenty forms about 345 mi (560 km) south of Kingston, Jamaica.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Depression Twenty strengthens into Tropical Storm Odette.

December 6
7 p.m. AST (2300 UTC) – Tropical Storm Odette makes landfall near Cabo Falso, Dominican Republic with winds of 60 mph (95 km/h).

December 7
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Tropical Storm Odette loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical.
2 p.m. AST (1800 UTC) – Subtropical Storm Peter forms 835 mi (1,340 km) south-southwest of the Azores.

December 9

2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Subtropical Storm Peter acquires enough tropical characteristics to be classified a tropical storm.

December 10
8 a.m. AST (1200 UTC) – Tropical Storm Peter weakens to a tropical depression.

December 11
2 a.m. AST (0600 UTC) – Tropical Depression Peter loses tropical characteristics and becomes extratropical shortly before being absorbed by a frontal system.

Notes

References

External links
 2003 Tropical Cyclone Advisory Archive, National Hurricane Center and Central Pacific Hurricane Center
 Hurricanes and Tropical Storms – Annual 2003, National Centers for Environmental Information

 Timeline
2003 Atlantic hurricane season
Articles which contain graphical timelines


Coming Down from Red Lodge is an album by American musician Peter Ostroushko, released in 2003.

All the songs were written for performance on A Prairie Home Companion. Guests include Pat Donohue and Greg Leisz.

Reception

Sing Out! stated in its Summer 2003 review: "Ostroushko, like Antonín Dvořák and Aaron Copland before him is able to grasp the kernel of music at the center of "the American experience", and transform it into a larger, more colorful whole... Coming Down from Red Lodge is destined to become one of Ostroushko's most popular recordings."

Writing for Allmusic, music critic Chris Nickson wrote the album is "a perfect illustration of his breadth and instrumental virtuosity on both fiddle and mandolin... The only track that doesn't really work is "Hymn: Page 9/11", perhaps because the emotions involved remain too fresh to be put into notes. With that caveat, this is one of Ostroushko's best releases — and that statement alone is no small praise, given his stature as one of the American greats."

Track listing
All songs by Peter Ostroushko.
"Coming Down from Red Lodge" – 2:26
"(Peter's Most Excellent) Trip to Donegal" – 4:35
"Teelin Bay Waltz" – 3:29
"President George W. Bush's Hornpipe" – 2:30
"New Smyrna Serenade" – 3:50
"Cashdollar Blues" – 3:15
"East Texas Waltz" – 4:20
"Topanga Canyon Strut" – 4:30
"Reel Medley: The Four-Faced Liar/Baggett Street/The Witches' Kitchen" – 4:50
"Hymn: Page 9/11" – 4:42

Personnel
Peter Ostroushko – mandolin, fiddle, mandola
Marc Anderson – percussion
Gary Raynor	 – bass
Joel Sayles – bass
Andy Stein – fiddle, saxophone
Diane Tremaine – cello
Pat Donohue – guitar
Dirk Freymuth – bouzouki, guitar
Arnie Kinsella – drums, cowbell, percussion
Dan Newton – accordion
Greg Leisz – guitar, lap steel guitar

Production notes
Peter Ostroushko – producer, liner Notes, mixing
Eric Peltoniemi – executive producer
Rick Cunha – engineer
Sam Hudson – engineer, mixing
David Glasser – mastering
Carla Leighton – design
Ann Marsden – photography

References

2003 albums
Peter Ostroushko albums
Red House Records albums


The Survivors were an Australian punk rock band that originally formed in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, in 1976 as Rat Salad, a party band. The Survivors attained cult status in Australia by their acknowledged popular live performances and contribution to the Lethal Weapons punk compilation album. Original band members were Greg Williamson on guitar and vocals, Jim Dickson on bass guitar and vocals, Bruce Anthon on drums and vocals. David Nichols, from the Mess And Noise website, commented that, "The Survivors were legends in their home town of Brisbane, a highly popular and adept band whose sets were mainly cool ’60s covers."

The Survivors were a group behind Brisbane's original punk scene during 1976 to 1977. According to music historian, Ian McFarlane, Brisbane produced "some of the most anarchistic bands of the Australian punk rock era and that it was a city nationally renowned for its ultra conservatism." The band released one single called "Baby Come Back", on the Real label in 1977, which was later reissued on the Suicide label in 1978. A live vinyl album called Worse than Perfect was released in 1988.

History
The Survivors, a southern suburbs Brisbane band, had a mutual admiration for 1960s music but   originally they named their band Rat Salad after the Black Sabbath song. They changed their name in 1977 to The Survivors still mostly playing parties or occasionally hiring a hall, where they had to "watch out for the noise vigilant cops", "until the Curry Shop venue began supporting local punk acts in the heart of Brisbane on Sundays."

Whilst known for their energetic versions of other group’s songs, they managed to release one stamped sleeve seven inch single on the Real label.  The A-side Baby Come Back flirted with 1960s music but also had a strong stylistic sense of original New York City punk. They encountered condemnation from punk circles for being to close to Sixties covers music as Jim Dickson recounts, "Criticism was often levelled at the Survivors for their lack of original material. The band were able to exist in those punksnobbery times because their energy was equal to anyone's and purely dedicated to the music which transcended the transient social commitments of the time."

Mushroom Records subsidiary label Suicide Records reissued the seven inch single and added both songs onto the Lethal Weapons compilation album in 1978. This was the extent of their output when they were still in existence. The band broke up in late 1978 but did manage to do shows in Sydney later on including a show with The Visitors. The band members Jim Dickson and Bruce Anthon formed The Sleepers and then The Shakers.

In 1979 Jim Dickson went on to record with Sydney act The Passengers, whose singer was  Angie Pepper later known for The Angie Pepper Band and the single Frozen World. Jim Dickson also went on to play for profile bands that included The Barracudas, The Deniz Tek Group and Radio Birdman amongst many others. According to Jim Dickson, "Bruce and Greg had been busy in '79 with the Credits, who recorded a single, It's You / Fazed Dazed, for the Rocking Horse Record Shop label". Drummer, Bruce Anthon, went on to play with numerous other groups, including bands that did jazz or blues.

Legacy
In 1988 the band managed to retrospectively release an album recorded live in August 1978 at the Rex Hotel, Kings Cross, Sydney, called Worse than Perfect. The original recording of Baby Come Back had also been included as part of the 2015 CD Compilation called "Stranded, The Chronicles Of Australian Punk". This CD was a wide retrospective of Australian punk, officially released by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's Four by Four label.

Personnel
 Bruce Anthon – Drums, vocals
 Jim Dickson – Bass, vocals
 Greg Williamson – Guitar, vocals

Discography

Albums
 Worse Than Perfect – 1988
Grown Up Wrong – WRONG3

Singles
 "Baby Come Back" / "Mr Record Man" – 7 inch 1977, Real – RR100
 "Baby Come Back" / "Mr. Record Man" – 7 inch 1978, Suicide – 103181

References

External links
 Lethal Weapons 30 years on - David Nichols, 2007
The Survivors - Jim Dickson

Australian punk rock groups
Musical groups from  Brisbane
Musical groups established in 1976
Musical groups disestablished in 1978


The British Fashion Council (BFC) is a non-profit organization that aims to enable sustainable growth of British fashion in the global fashion economy. Founded in 1983, the BFC organizes biannual womenswear and menswear showcases, London Fashion Week (LFW) and London Fashion Week Men's (LFWM) to promote "the best of British design" to an international audience.

Leadership and activities
Based in London, the British Fashion Council (BFC) is currently chaired by David Pemsel. Pemsel was appointed in September 2022, succeeding Stephanie Phair who held the position for four and a half years from May 2018. Since 2009, Caroline Rush CBE has been the organization's chief executive officer. Previous Chairs of the BFC have included Natalie Massenet, Edward Rayne, Nicholas Coleridge CBE, Harold Tillman, and Sir Stuart Rose.

In May 2018, BFC appointed former England football team captain, David Beckham, as its new Ambassadorial President.

2020 saw a number of organizational changes within the BFC, including four new appointments to its board of directors on 4 September. The newly appointed directors; Jamie Gill, June Sarpong, Scott Morrison and Sian Westerman joined the remaining board membership of Stephanie Phair (chairperson), Dylan Jones, Caroline Rush, Laura Strain, and David Pemsel.

The Council created a new committee entitled the Diversity and Inclusion Steering Committee on 16 September 2020.

In November 2020, the BFC presented Indian actress Priyanka Chopra Jonas with the new title of ambassador for Positive Change. The new BFC role was created with the aim to use fashion as a ‘source for good’, to raise awareness of best practices within the industry including affirming principles that support inclusivity and positive ethics.

Joining other technology companies and fashion brands, Rakuten added its name to the list of BFC Patrons in 2021.

Development of the organization

The British Fashion Council (BFC) was established in 1983 as a non-profit limited company. Prior to the establishment of a single body to promote the interests of the British fashion industry, there were a number of organizations that existed to promote different interests within British fashion. These included:
 Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (founded 1941/2)
 London Model House Group (1950)
 Fashion House Group of London (1958)
 Clothing Export Council (1965)
 London Designer Collections (1965)
 Fashion Industry Action Group (1981)

Events
The BFC's primary event is London Fashion Week, a bi-annual London-based fashion show held routinely each February and September. The trade show typically showcases the work of over 250 international designers and engages a worldwide audience. The fashion week is organized by the BFC alongside other organizations.

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the BFC announced that its 2020 February trade show would be held as a digital-only event. All event attractions, from the launch of the week on Friday 14 February 2020, were presented to a global audience online. The event production crews, designers, models, and teams were assisted by Westminster Council with rapid Covid testing to ensure the success and safety of the event. Princess Anne followed in the Queen’s footsteps to present a special award at the event. The Queen Elizabeth II Award for British Design was awarded to Rosh Mahtani who was commended for the craftsmanship of her jewellery.

During the February 2020 Fashion Week, the BFC announced its scheme to enable one young designer to show their collection before a virtual audience. The new initiative was made possible in collaboration with MTV.

Following its February virtual showcase event, the BFC announced that it was to merge the Men’s Fashion Week into a new and single, "gender-neutral" event.

Coronavirus Foundation Fashion Fund
In response to the global pandemic restrictions and its move to showcasing fashion virtually, the BFC began to advocate increased support for fashion freelancers experiencing hardship and business disruption. The British government were encouraged to put further policies in place to protect those being negatively affected.

Later in March 2020, the council launched its first coronavirus relief fund, committed to supporting those in the industry. The crisis relief fund aims to raise £50 million for struggling designers.

In May 2020, the Foundation Fashion Fund announced its first recipients of the £1,000,000 emergency fund. The fund was split between 37 different UK recipients.

The Black in Fashion Council
In response to the global reaction to the George Floyd tragedy and the Black Lives Matter protests, the British Fashion Council chief called upon the industry to take further action against racism.

The fashion industry was called to account for its longstanding cultural appropriation and lack of diversity, which led to a partnership of 38 organizations generating the Black in Fashion Council, including the British Fashion Council.

As part of its individual response to the Black Lives Matter movement, the British Fashion Council launched its own project celebrating Black British culture and fashion. The project included a variety of programmed events, concluding with an exhibition showcasing the work in the summer of 2022.

Awards, nominations and prizes

 16 November 2016 – The British Fashion council awarded Gucci’s New Creative Director, Alessandro Michele, the International Designer Award.
 2 September 2020 – As part of its £500,000 grant scheme, the British Fashion Council distributed grants to 30 British labels, including Emilia Wickstead, Preen by Thornton Bregazzi, Rokh and Charles Jeffrey Loverboy.
 5 October 2020 – The University of Salford and the Central Saint Martins Royal College of Art has announced recipients of the British Fashion Council MA Scholarship.  The recipients of the scholarships were selected from these institutions based on financial need and aptitude.
 15 October 2020 – The British Fashion Council announced 2020 Fashion Awards would be held as a virtual event on 3 December. As part of the ceremony, 20 winners were celebrated for their resilience during the pandemic, and their determination to see change within the industry. Awards for Community were presented by Priyanka Chopra Jonas, awards for People presented by Lewis Hamilton, awards for Environment presented by Aja Barber and Maisie Williams, and awards for Creativity were presented by Rosalía.
 18 February 2021 – The BFC announced the shortlist of designers in line for receiving the prestigious BFC/Vogue Designer Fashion Fund. From the shortlisted 11, Bethany Williams was named as the winner.
 16 February 2022 – A shortlist of 8 designers was announced for the 2022 BFC/Vogue Designer Fashion Fund. The 2022 winner was Richard Quinn.

See also
Arab Fashion Council
Council of Fashion Designers of America
Fédération française de la couture
National Chamber of Italian Fashion

References

External links
 British Fashion Council Website
BFC History
 London Fashion Week Website
 Indymedia coverage

British fashion
Business organisations based in London
Fashion organizations
Organisations based in the City of Westminster
1983 establishments in the United Kingdom


Coelbren () is a small rural village within the community of Tawe Uchaf in southernmost Powys, Wales. It lies on the very northern edge of the South Wales Coalfield some six miles north-east of Ystradgynlais and just outside the southern boundary of the Brecon Beacons National Park. It is known for Henrhyd Falls, a 27m high waterfall which serves as a National Trust-managed visitor attraction on the Nant Llech. To the east of the village flows the Afon Pyrddin which plunges over two more spectacular falls.

As first edition Ordnance Survey maps of the area show, the name 'Coelbren' applied to a farmhouse and chapel before the modern village developed and is recorded in the name Tyre y Kolbren in 1503 where it signifies the sharing of land (modern Welsh 'tir') by means of drawing lots, a 'coelbren' being translated amongst other things as an 'inscribed piece of wood' or 'omen-stick'.

History
The Roman road of Sarn Helen runs close to the village on its eastern side. Its remains and that of a Roman fort are now much degraded. The Brecon Forest Tramroad was constructed through the village in the 1820s. Of note to the east of Coelbren is the site of Banwen Ironworks, whose partial survival is owed to its early failure. It was constructed in the 1840s by speculators from London but may have produced only 80 tons of pig iron, the whole exercise being enveloped in a financial scandal.

From the 1873, Coelbren was the location of a significant junction on the Neath and Brecon Railway whence a 7-mile branch diverged leading to the Swansea Vale Railway at Ynysygeinon.  The contractor John Dickson had a terrace of houses constructed quite possibly for navvies working on the line and known originally as Dickson's Row though now known as Price's Row. The lines closed in 1962 though the trackbed can still be seen almost encircling the eastern part of the village. The route to Swansea Vale has now been converted into a cycleway as Route 43 of the National Cycle Network linking the village with Ystradgynlais; it is planned that the trackbed northwards towards Brecon should also form part of Route 43.

A school was opened in the village in 1894, housed at first in the vestry of Moriah Baptist Chapel. It was transferred to a new purpose-built site further west on Heol Eglwys in 1898 and in 1912 it was greatly expanded. The original Coelbren Welfare and Memorial Hall was built towards the top of Station Road in 1925 and served until the 1990s when the current building was constructed.

The A4221 road linking Abercraf with the A4109 Inter Valley Road (Glynneath to Aberdulais) near Dyffryn Cellwen passes to the immediate south of the village, its construction later in the 20th century rendering the village less isolated than it had been hitherto.

References

External links
Photos of Coelbren and surrounding area on geograph.org.uk
History of Coelbren Church (Capel Colbren)
History of Moriah Baptist Chapel, Coelbren

Villages in Powys
Fforest Fawr


Philip Stuart Brady  (born 16 June 1939) is an Australian media personality, radio and television identity and voiceover artist born and raised in Kew, Victoria. Apart from a brief period in the 1970s when he worked for a Victorian travel agent, Brady has been employed in the media all his adult life. In 2018, he celebrated 60 years in the industry.

Television
Born on 16 June 1939, to Wilfred Brady, a psychiatrist and composer, Brady became involved in television in the very early days, just two years after its start in Australia. He left school at the age of 18 and started working at Channel Nine in 1958 firstly as a booth announcer (voice-overs).

Brady appeared with Graham Kennedy on In Melbourne Tonight in commercials and comedy sketches as well as compering the show on occasions. He occasionally appeared on The Tarax Show as Prince Philip. He stayed at Channel 9 until 1971 when he was one of many to lose their job when Nine cancelled its variety shows.

In the 1960s and 1970s Brady hosted many television shows including Concentration and Everybody's Talking for the Nine Network and Moneymakers, Junior Moneymakers, Casino Ten, Get the Message and Password for the 0–10 Network.

Brady made guest appearances on television in the 1990s with a regular nostalgia segment on Good Morning Australia with Bert Newton as well as guest appearances on Seven's Tonight Live with Steve Vizard and ABC's The Late Show.

Radio
Brady hosted shows on radio 3AK at various times during the 1960s and 1980s and also did shifts on radio 3AW in the 1970s.

He worked as producer for Bert Newton's morning show on radio 3UZ in the early 1980s.

In 1986, Brady moved to the Gold Coast and for nearly five years hosted a daytime radio show on Easy Listening 97 Tweed Heads.

Brady came back to Melbourne in 1990 and began a long-lasting partnership with Bruce Mansfield on talkback radio 3AW. Initially they presented the Sunday night nostalgia program Remember When and some months later the duo took over the weeknight show Nightline as well.

Newspaper column
In the 1980s Brady wrote a weekly column in the show business newspaper TV Scene.

Awards
In 2003, Brady, with on-air partner, Bruce Mansfield, won the Australian Commercial Radio Award for Best Networked Program (Nightline). In 2018 Brady was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for services to the broadcasting industry.

Community work
Philip is a member of the Patrons Council of the Epilepsy Foundation of Victoria and an Australia Day Ambassador.

Further reading
Remembering when: Philip Brady’s brilliant career by Sarah Patterson.

References

Radio personalities from Melbourne
3AW presenters
Australian television personalities
Living people
People educated at Xavier College
1939 births
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
Television personalities from Melbourne
People from Kew, Victoria


Swedish submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film are handed out annually by representatives from the Guldbagge Awards jury.

Sweden has submitted films for consideration in the Best Foreign Language Film category since the inaugural award in 1956. The Swedes have sent more films than any other country, except for France, Italy, Japan and Spain, and have only failed to submit a film one time in the past thirty years.

16 films from Sweden have been nominated for the Academy Award: The Virgin Spring (1960), Through a Glass Darkly (1961), Raven's End (1964), Dear John (1965), Ådalen '31 (1969), The Emigrants (1971), The New Land (1972), Flight of the Eagle (1982), Fanny and Alexander (1983), The Ox (1991), All Things Fair (1995), Under the Sun (1999), Evil (2003) and As It Is in Heaven (2004), A Man Called Ove (2016), The Square (2017 film) (2017).  Three Swedish films have won the Oscar: The Virgin Spring (1960), Through a Glass Darkly (1961) and Fanny and Alexander (1983). All the winners have been directed by Ingmar Bergman, who represented Sweden a record nine times. However, his film Scenes from a Marriage was disqualified in 1974 because it had previously aired on Swedish television. According to Robert Osborne, the country did not enter in 1975 as a protest. In 1978, however, the country did not submit his film Autumn Sonata and made no entry. Other prominent directors include Bo Widerberg and Jan Troell, both who have had three of their films nominated. The 1988 winner Pelle the Conqueror was a Swedish-Danish co-production, but was submitted by Denmark. In 2002 there was a bit of controversy as Sweden's submission Lilja 4-ever had most of its dialogue in Russian and not Swedish. Eventually it was accepted as eligible, but did not receive a nomination.

Submissions
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film since 1956. The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films. Following this, they vote via secret ballot to determine the five nominees for the award. Below is a list of the films that have been submitted by Sweden for review by the Academy for the award by year.

Shortlisted Films
Each year since 2019, the Swedish Oscar selection committee has announced a three-film shortlist prior to announcing the official Swedish Oscar candidate. The following films were shortlisted by Sweden but not selected as the final candidate:

 2023: Paradise Is Burning, Together 99
 2022: I Am Zlatan, Nelly & Nadine
 2021: Clara Sola, The Emigrants
 2020: About Endlessness, I Am Greta
 2019: Aniara, The Perfect Patient

See also
List of Academy Award winners and nominees for Best Foreign Language Film
List of Academy Award-winning foreign language films
Cinema of Sweden

Notes

References

External links
The Official Academy Awards Database
The Motion Picture Credits Database
IMDb Academy Awards Page

Sweden
Academy Award


Louis Tiercelin (Rennes, 1846 - Paramé, 1915), was a French writer, poet and playwright associated with the Breton cultural renaissance of the early 20th century.

He debuted at the age of 18 with two plays performed at the theatre of Rennes. He founded and edited for a period the newspaper La Jeunesse (Youth). In 1889 he published with Guy Ropartz Le Parnasse breton contemporain (The Modern Breton Parnassus), an anthology of Breton poetry of the 2nd half of the nineteenth century. In October 1890, he founded the Revue L’Hermine (Ermine Revue), the ermine being the symbol of Brittany. He led this for 22 years and brought together many Breton poets and writers, including François-Marie Luzel, Anatole Le Braz and Charles Le Goffic.

Notes

1846 births
1915 deaths
Writers from Rennes
Breton Regionalist Union members
19th-century French poets
20th-century French poets
19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
20th-century French dramatists and playwrights


A chambre de bonne is a type of French apartment consisting of a single room in a middle-class house or apartment building. It is generally found on the top floor and only accessible by a staircase, sometimes a separate "service staircase". Initially, these rooms were intended as the bedroom for one of the family's domestics, and the name originates from the colloquial name for such maids: a "bonne à tout faire". Today, chambres de bonne are usually the cheapest rung on the Parisian letting market, and are primarily rented by less well-off workers and students. They are also in high demand among workers who wish to maintain a small room or postal address in a big city, especially Paris.

Due to the social level of the envisaged occupants, chambres de bonne are characterised by their tight proportions. The rooms usually have a floor area of around , which is sometimes accentuated by being in a garret. They tend to offer minimal facilities: toilets are usually shared with the neighbouring rooms, and located on the landing.

Chambres de bonne have nevertheless been the object of legislation to preserve their occupants' quality of life and health. In the twentieth century, the French government stipulated that all rental properties must have a minimum floor area of , a volume of , and openings (windows, doors, etc.) equivalent to an eighth of the surface area.

In recent years, landlords have attempted to rebrand their chambres de bonne by advertising them as studettes, a hitherto-unknown category of housing for smaller studios (broadly, those of  or less). Since most listings agencies do not recognise a firm distinction between "studios" and "studettes", chambres de bonne may also simply be advertised as studios. Parisian apartment-hunters are, nevertheless, often able to infer that a studio is a chambre de bonne from its listing, due to the distinctive features described above.

References

See also
List of house types
Loi Carrez
Studio apartment
The L-Shaped Room (novel)
Single room occupancy
Bedsit
Maison Mattot

Real estate in France
Apartment types


The Union Station in Owensboro, Kentucky, is a historic railroad station, built in 1905.  Built mostly for the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, the station is made of limestone and slate, and currently is home to several businesses.

Description
The Union Station, unlike most urban railroad stations, was situated in a "more spacious area".  In the west end was a waiting area, and the east end featured a two-story freight section.  The station gains a Gothic look with wooden barge boarding and brackets on its gabled entrance.

The L&N used the second floor of the building for support services and administration.

History
The first railroad company in Owensboro was the Owensboro and Russellville Railroad, in operation from 1867 to 1876. After the O&R went bankrupt, the Owensboro and Nashville Railroad took over the assets, and were in control until purchased by the L&N in 1879.

The station was a joint effort between the L&N, the Louisville, Henderson and St. Louis Railroad, and the Illinois Central Railroad, building over an older depot of the Louisville, Henderson and St. Louis.  The plans were designed by Henry F. Hawes and John B. Hutchings and constructed by Walter Brashear.  The initial work was completed in 1906.

At its height in the 1920s, the station daily served eighteen passenger trains.  In 1946, early in the postwar years, two unnamed L&N trains on St. Louis – Evansville – Owensboro – Louisville itineraries made stops at Owensboro.  The trains bypassed the south Kentucky rail hub of Bowling Green.

In 1958, the station stopped being used for passenger traffic, as the L&N claimed annual losses of $130,000 for continuing the passenger service.  Since then it has seen several different uses.  In the 1970s it was used as a discothèque and then a pizza parlor, but both were unsuccessful, leaving the station empty for a time.  Major overhauls of the station occurred in 1982 and 1988, with the latter seeing a two-story atrium and office added to its eastern side.  Current tenants include a preschool, an architectural design group, an adult day care, and a Hilliard Lyons office.

Notes

References

Owensboro
Owensboro
National Register of Historic Places in Daviess County, Kentucky
Buildings and structures in Owensboro, Kentucky
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Kentucky
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1905
1905 establishments in Kentucky
Former railway stations in Kentucky
Transportation in Daviess County, Kentucky
Victorian architecture in Kentucky
Railway stations in the United States closed in 1958


is a member of the Supreme Court of Japan.

References

Supreme Court of Japan justices
1940 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)


The Ateneo de Manila College Glee Club (ACGC), simply known as the Ateneo Glee Club, is a choir based in the Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines. It is distinguished as the oldest university chorale in the Philippines, celebrating its 98th season in 2018. It has held concerts internationally, and has released several albums with songs genres ranging from Classical, Negro spiritual, Sacred choral works, as well as Pop, and OPM. The Glee Club remains active internationally through the performances it stages and choral festivals it participates in.

History
The Glee Club was started in 1921, the year the American Jesuits took over the administration of Ateneo Municipal de Manila. Its primary function was providing liturgical music at the San Ignacio Church in old Intramuros. Jose Mossesgeld Santiago, a 1911 graduate of the Ateneo who became the first Filipino to sing at La Scala de Milan, was appointed conductor.

Following a three-year hiatus, James B. Reuter restarted the Glee Club. In 1974, when the university turned co-educational, the choir became mixed.

In 1979 Joel Navarro joined up with the ACGC. A string of performances of the choir, including the Concert in Your Homes, TV and hotel shows and the 1980 National Music Competition for Young Artists (NAMCYA) where they won the First Prize in the College Division, followed. When the second International Choral Festival (ICF) was held in the Cultural Center of the Philippines the year after, the Glee Club was top-rated among the Philippine choirs that participated for "opening the gates of heaven with their moving rendition of Thompson's Alleluia" as a critic wrote.

In 1989, they went on a brief European tour and were cited Best Choir in the international festivals in Loreto, Italy and Nancy, France. A year later, Navarro took a 3-year leave due to the pressure of work from the University of the Philippines (UP), and the Asian Institute of Liturgy and Music (AILM). Eudenice Palaruan, Navarro's friend and replacement as the conductor, began North American and Guam concert tours, a national tour, and a concert with Lea Salonga in Manila.

Navarro's determination to eschew the lure of European tilts and steer his group toward a niche in the recording arena paid off in 1996 when the GC snared a couple of Katha awards: for Best rendition of a Traditional song "Lagi kitang Naaalala" and for Best Traditional Music Album for "Lahi". It was a first for any university-based chorale, and more importantly, Lahi became the first and by far the only classical, choral or traditional recording to be nominated Album of the Year competing against the country's mainstream commercial recordings. Then, he led them in successful concert tours in Guam and North America (1997), in a national tour (1998), and in Guam again (1999).

At the turn of the millennium, the glee club did very well. Under Navarro and Jonathan Velasco, they swept all the competitions they joined in two months in Slovenia, Italy, Ireland and France - and reached the apex by winning the Grand Prix in Tours, France. In less than a year they added more laurels to their credentials - top prizes in Tolosa, Spain. In 2001, they won First Prize in Marktoberdorf, Germany, under the leadership of Velasco.

The following year, the Glee Club embarked on a new paradigm in choral singing after Ramon Acoymo, alumnus of the Philippine Madrigal Singers, accomplished tenor soloist, and vocal pedagogue, took over as Musical Director. He led the new batch of the Glee Club and honed the raw but promising skills of the Katipunan-based singers. He culminated his term by commissioning new compositions of Marian songs set into choral idiom.

In 2002 the Glee Club had its first female conductor in the person, Ma. Lourdes Hermo, an alumna of the Philippine Madrigal Singers and the Philippine Youth Orchestra. Under Hermo, the choir went on a concert tour of the United States and Guam in 2004, performed in festivals, had a live recording in 2005, and celebrated its 85th year with a European competition-concert tour where they won all awards in Miltenberg, Germany and top prizes in Arezzo, Italy in 2006.

In celebration of its 90th year in 2011, the group embarked on another European Tour. It won in the 33rd International May Choir Competition in Varna, Bulgaria, earning them the distinction to compete in the European Grand Prix for Choral Singing (GPE) in Maribor, Slovenia in April 2012.

Notable music directors
 Eudenice V. Palaruan
 Joel Magus P. Navarro
 James B. Reuter, S.J.
 Antonio J. Molina

Discography
 Langit: The Filipino Sings Of Faith (1994)
 Lahi: The Filipino Sings From The Heart (1995)
 An Offering (1999)
 European Tour 2000
 European Tour 2001
 ACGC Anthology (2004)
 Tagumpay Nating Lahat (2006)
 Tayo'y Mga Pinoy (2008)
 In Excelsis (2012)

References

External links
 Ateneo Glee Club Page - Ateneo de Manila University Website

Ateneo de Manila University
Musical groups from Metro Manila
Musical groups established in 1921
University choirs
1921 establishments in the Philippines


Heini is both a given name and a surname. It is mainly a masculine given name in German-speaking countries, but a feminine given name in Finland. However, in Wales, it is a both masculine and feminine given name, meaning 'healthy and spirited'. Currently, in Wales, it is more commonly recognised as a female given name. Notable people with the name include:

People with the given name
 Heini Adams (born 1980), South African rugby union player
 Heini Becker (born 1935), Australian politician
 Heini Bock (born 1981), Namibian rugby union player
 Heini Brüggemann, German sprint canoeist
 Heini Dittmar (1911–1960), German glider pilot
 Heini Halberstam (1927–2014), British mathematician
 Heini Hediger (1908–1992), Swiss biologist
 Heini Hemmi (born 1949), Swiss alpine skier
 Heini Klopfer (1918–1968), German ski jumper and architect
 Heini Koivuniemi (born 1973), Finnish strongwoman competitor
 Heini Lohrer (1918–2011), Swiss ice hockey player
 Heini Meng (1902–?), Swiss ice hockey player
 Heini Müller, Swiss footballer
 Heini Müller (footballer, born 1934), German footballer
 Heini Otto (born 1954), Dutch footballer
 Heini Salonen (born 1993), Finnish tennis player
 Heini Vatnsdal (born 1991), Faroese football player
 Heini Walter (1927–2009), Swiss racing driver
 Heini Wathén (born 1955), Finnish female model
 Heini Gruffudd (born 1946), Welsh Author

People with the surname
 Riku Heini (born 1990), Finnish footballer

See also
 Heinis, French automobile
 Heine (surname)
 Heinrich (given name)

Finnish feminine given names
Feminine given names
German masculine given names
Masculine given names
Swiss masculine given names


is a member of the Supreme Court of Japan.

References

1942 births
Living people
University of Tokyo alumni
Japanese prosecutors
Supreme Court of Japan justices
Place of birth missing (living people)


"U Want Me 2" is a song by Sarah McLachlan and the lead original single from her 2008 greatest hits album, Closer: The Best of Sarah McLachlan. It is also included on her 2010 album Laws of Illusion. The song was produced by her longtime collaborator, Pierre Marchand.

"U Want Me 2" was included in the Les Mills International BodyBalance (BodyFlow in the US/Canada) fitness program as Track 5 - Hip Openers for Release 47.

In the music video that was released and directed by Sophie Muller, she performed underwater.

Nettwerk first released an alternate version of "U Want Me 2" for digital download. It starts with a Hi-Hat and has a slightly different Instrumentation.

 "U Want Me 2" (Alternate Version aka Canadian Version) 3:59
 "U Want Me 2" (Album Version) 4:07
 "U Want Me 2" (Radio Mix) 4:09

Charts

References

External links
Billboard single review
Chart positions

2008 singles
2008 songs
Sarah McLachlan songs
Arista Records singles
Nettwerk Records singles
Songs written by Sarah McLachlan
Songs written by Pierre Marchand


Duo is an album by fiddle and mandolin player Peter Ostroushko with guitarist Dean Magraw, released in 1991.

Track listing
All songs by Peter Ostroushko unless otherwise noted.
"The Whalebone Feathers" – 4:33
"Musette in a Minor" – 3:36
"Three Brazilian Melodies: Index One/Index Two/Index Three" – 8:21
"The Nightingale Medley: Index One/Index Two" – 5:38
"Unknowingly She Walked With Grace Amongst Tall Men" – 9:14
"The Prairie Suite" – 8:55
"Waltz for Hana" – 4:19
"Bukavina" – 3:35
"When You and I Were Young, Maggie" (James Austin Butterfield, George Washington Johnson) – 5:26
"Fiddle Tunes: Mesa de Esoeranza/The Edinburgh Jigs/Sarah Breaky's House, The London Road Jig, Clive Palmer's, The Easter Road)" – 8:44

Personnel
Peter Ostroushko – mandolin, fiddle, guitar, vocals
Dean Magraw – guitar

Production notes
Produced and mixed by Peter Ostroushko
Bob Feldman – executive producer
Tom Mudge – engineer, mixing
Craig Thorson – assistant engineer
Linda Beauvais – artwork, design
Dan Corrigan – photography

References

1991 albums
Peter Ostroushko albums
Red House Records albums


The List of RAF aircrew in the Battle of Britain is a summary regarding the lists of those who flew during the Battle of Britain, and were awarded the Battle of Britain Clasp to the 1939–45 Star by flying at least one authorised operational sortie with an eligible unit of the Royal Air Force or Fleet Air Arm during the period from 0001 hours on 10 July to 2359 hours 31 October 1940. (There are a few names missing from this list; check on The Battle of Britain Society web site.)

History
In 1942, the Air Ministry made the decision to compile a list from records of the names of pilots who had lost their lives as a result of the fighting during the Battle of Britain for the purpose of building a national memorial. This became the Battle of Britain Chapel at Westminster Abbey, which was unveiled by King George VI on 10 July 1947. The Roll of Honour within the Chapel contains the names of 1,497 pilots and aircrew killed or mortally wounded during the Battle.

Nothing was done officially, however, to define the qualifications for the classification of a Battle of Britain airman until 9 November 1960. AMO N850, published by the Air Ministry, stated for the first time the requirements for the awarding of the Battle of Britain clasp to the 1939-1945 Star, and listed the 71 units which were deemed to have been under the control of RAF Fighter Command.

In 1955 Flt Lt John Holloway, a serving RAF officer, began a personal challenge to compile a complete list of "The Few". After fourteen years of research Flt Lt Holloway had 2,946 names on the list. Of these airmen, 537 were killed during the Battle or later died of wounds received.

The Battle of Britain Memorial Trust, founded by Geoffrey Page, raised funds for the construction of the Battle of Britain Memorial at Capel-le-Ferne near Folkestone in Kent. The Memorial, unveiled by Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother on 9 July 1993, shares the site with the Christopher Foxley-Norris Memorial Wall on which a complete list of "The Few" is engraved.

More recently, the Battle of Britain Monument on the Victoria Embankment in London was unveiled on 18 September 2005 by Charles, Prince of Wales and his wife Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall. The idea for the monument was conceived by the Battle of Britain Historical Society which then set about raising funds for its construction. The outside of the monument is lined with bronze plaques listing all the Allied airmen who took part in the Battle.

Lists of names

See also
Non-British personnel in the RAF during the Battle of Britain
List of World War II aces from the United Kingdom
List of World War II aces by country
List of World War II air aces

Notes

References

Bibliography

Ramsay, Winston, ed. The Battle of Britain Then and Now Mk V. London: Battle of Britain Prints International Ltd, 1989. .
Ringlstetter, Herbert (2005). Helmut Wick, An Illustrated Biography of the Luftwaffe Ace And Commander of Jagdgeschwader 2 During The Battle of Britain. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing. .

Remembering the Battle of Britain
Robert Dixon, '607 Squadron: A Shade of Blue'. The History Press 2008.
Robert Dixon, 'A Gathering of Eagles' PublishBritannica 2004,

RAF aircrew


Diaphragmatic paradox or paradoxical diaphragm phenomenon is an abnormal medical sign observed during respiration, in which the diaphragm moves opposite to the normal directions of its movements. The diaphragm normally moves downwards during inspiration and upwards during expiration. But in diaphragmatic paradox, it moves upwards during inspiration and downwards during expiration.

Causes and associated conditions

Diaphragmatic paradox may be caused by weakening of inspiratory muscles due to injury, pyopneumothorax (collection of pus and excess air inside pleural cavity) or hydropneumothorax (collection of watery fluid and excess air inside pleural cavity). Also caused due to phrenic nerve injury caused during cardiac surgery, radiation, trauma, etc. Viral infections like Herpes zoster and poliomyelitis can also cause this. In newborns this condition is seen in spinal muscular atrophy.

See also
Flail chest (or Paradoxical breathing).

References

Symptoms and signs: Respiratory system


Manana Doijashvili, OSI (; 5 November 1947 – 17 January 2023) was a Georgian pianist and professor of piano.

She was trained at the Tbilisi State Conservatory under Tengiz Amirejibi. She won prizes at the 1970 Enescu (Bucharest) and the 1974 Smetana (Plzeň) competitions, and ranked 6th at the inaugural edition of the Sydney Competition.

From 2000 to 2012, Doijashvili was the rector of the Tbilisi State Conservatory, and the founder of the Tbilisi International Piano Competition. She had been named a People's Artist of Georgia was awarded the Order of the Star of Italy in 2010. She had been awarded the Zakharia Paliashvili prize (2003) and the Russian Performing Art Fund prize (2004).

Doijashvili served on the Jury of numerous other piano competitions, including the Aram Khachaturian competition, the Rhodes international piano competition, the Sydney competition, the Busoni competition, and the Horovitz competition.

Doijashvili died on 17 January 2023, at the age of 75.

References

External links

1947 births
2023 deaths
Classical pianists from Georgia (country)
Women pianists from Georgia (country)
Women classical pianists
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Sydney International Piano Competition prize-winners
21st-century classical pianists
21st-century women pianists
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century women pianists
Tbilisi State Conservatoire alumni
20th-century musicians from Georgia (country)
21st-century musicians from Georgia (country)
People's Artists of Georgia


Mootz may refer to:

Mootz Candies, in Pottsville, Pennsylvania
Mathis Mootz (born 1976), German electronic musician and DJ
Mónica Spear Mootz (1984–2014), Venezuelan model


is a former member of the Supreme Court of Japan. He was appointed to the court on May 25, 2006, and reached mandatory retirement age in 2012. He was succeeded by Masaharu Ōhashi.

References

Supreme Court of Japan justices
1942 births
Living people


Thomas Fairfax, 9th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1762–1846), was an American-born Scottish peer, who along with his father, on 11 December 1799, was among the last guests at Mount Vernon before Washington died.

Early life and family
Thomas Fairfax was born in 1762. He was the son of Bryan Fairfax, 8th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1736–1802) and his wife, Elizabeth Cary, daughter of Colonel Wilson Cary and Sarah Cary. His brother was Ferdinando Fairfax (1766–1820), whose godparents were George Washington and Martha Washington.

Plantation
In 1802, he succeeded his father to the title of Lord Fairfax of Cameron after his father's death. He lived the life of a country squire overseeing his , lived at Belvoir, Ash Grove, and Vaucluse, where he died.

Personal life
He married three times: Mary Aylett, Laura Washington, Margaret Herbert. Fairfax birthed children with Mary Aylett, a Native Indian woman.  He had seven children by his third wife Margaret:
Albert Fairfax (1802–1835), who married Caroline Eliza Snowden (1812–1899)
Henry Fairfax (d. 1847), who fought and died in the Mexican–American War, at Saltillo, Mexico.
Orlando Fairfax
Reginald Fairfax
Eugenia Fairfax
Aurelia Fairfax
Monimia Fairfax (1820–1875), who married Archibald Cary (1815-1854), the son of the son of Wilson Jefferson Cary (1783–1823) and Virginia Randolph (1786–1852).
He maintained a winter home at 607 Cameron Street, Alexandria, Virginia, which he built in 1816.

Thomas Fairfax was a follower of Swedenborg. Because of these religious beliefs, he manumitted his slaves (including the great-great-great grandfather of Virginia Lieutenant Governor Justin Fairfax), some of whom he taught a trade and sent to Liberia. This is consistent with the thinking of the American Colonization Society.

Descendants
His grandson, Charles Snowdown Fairfax, 10th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1829–1869), succeeded him as the 10th Lord Fairfax of Cameron as Fairfax's eldest son, his father, predeceased him. Another grandson, John Fairfax, 11th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1830–1900), a physician, became the 11th Lord Fairfax of Cameron as his brother Charles died without issue. His granddaughter was the writer Constance Cary (1843–1920).

In popular culture
Thomas Fairfax was referenced by astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson on rap musician Logic's 2017 album Everybody on the song "Waiting Room."

References

1762 births
1846 deaths
18th-century American Episcopalians
19th-century American Episcopalians
American planters
American people of English descent
American people of Scottish descent
American slave owners
American Swedenborgians
British North American Anglicans
Cary family of Virginia
Thomas
Lords Fairfax of Cameron
People from Alexandria, Virginia
People from Fairfax County, Virginia


WGSF was an educational television station in Newark, Ohio, which operated from 1963 to 1976. The station was founded by The Licking County Fund for Public Giving, on behalf of the Newark City School District. Studios were originated at Newark High School.

In the early years of the station, WGSF broadcast on UHF channel 28, programming a mix of local programming, with additional programs from National Educational Television (via film and videotape), and from WOSU-TV in Columbus (via an off-air pickup). Equipment and cameras were lent to WGSF by WCET, Cincinnati's educational station. In 1966, WCET took back the cameras, when WGSF was unable to buy them; soon after this, Cleveland’s then CBS affiliate WJW-TV donated two cameras to WGSF.

The station broadcast on channel 28 until 1970, when the Ohio ETV Network Commission, The Ohio State University (owners of WOSU), and Nationwide Broadcasting requested that the station move to channel 31, with Nationwide providing funds for the move.  In 1970 WGSF became a member station of PBS, and was soon connected to the national feed, ending reliance of WOSU for networked programming.

WGSF signed off on June 30, 1976, not only due to aging equipment, but due to opportunities for Newark City Schools to operate a channel on cable TV (due to laws mandating cable systems to devote a channel for educational television use), as well as opportunities for Ohio's PBS affiliates to expand to underserved communities. The following day after the station's closedown, WOSU opened W31AA, a low-powered repeater operating on the former WGSF's channel. (W31AA would close down in 2009 following WOSU-TV's conversion to digital.) Newark City School's cable channel would open in 1977, after the local cable franchise provided a cable link to Newark High.

The channel 28 frequency would be reallocated to Columbus as a commercial frequency; this channel would be reactivated when WTTE signed on in 1984.

In 2003, Newark High School's Brad Philhower and Nick Iannitto produced a documentary on the 40th anniversary of WGSF titled Ruby Waves.  The documentary can be viewed on the Facebook page of Newark City School's news program, “The Wildcat Network”, formerly known as “Wildcat News Net” The Facebook page also hosts numerous historical pictures of WGSF.

See also
List of television stations in Ohio

References

External links
 Facebook: Wgsf-TV & WNN historical
 oldgleaner.com -- WGSF memorial website
 Early Television Foundation: WGSF live remote van
 "Ruby Waves" Documentary on Facebook
 Wildcat News Net photo albums including WGSF on Facebook

Television channels and stations established in 1963
Television channels and stations disestablished in 1976
1976 disestablishments in Ohio
Defunct television stations in the United States
Newark, Ohio
GSF (TV)
1963 establishments in Ohio
GSF


The Plaza Theatre is a historic theater located at 128 South Palm Canyon Drive in Palm Springs, California.  It is an anchor of La Plaza (a.k.a. Palm Springs Plaza), a streetside collection of shops, one of the first planned shopping centers in Southern California, opened in 1936.  From 1990 through 2014 the theatre housed The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies which was featured on ABC's 20/20, The Today Show, the New York Times, NPR and other media since its founding. There is currently a fundraising campaign to raise money to restore the historic building to its former glory and make it a theater that meets theatrical needs for today and tomorrow.

History

It was December 12, 1936 that the historic Plaza Theatre opened with the Greta Garbo and Robert Taylor premiere Camille. The theatre's owner at the time, Earle C. Strebe, sold the very first ticket to Annette Freeman.

In the early days of Palm Springs began the "Desert Circus" for which an annual show was staged by Melba Bennett called the "Village Insanities". Originally performed on the grounds of the Desert Inn, the "Insanities" would later perform at the Plaza Theatre under the name of the Village Vanities during the 1940s.

The Plaza Theatre remained active for many years, finally becoming dormant in 1989. It was at this time that television producer Riff Markowitz (The Hitchhiker), decided to renovate the cinema and create a "Broadway-caliber celebration of the music, dance, and comedy of the 30s, 40s, and 50s with a cast old enough to have lived it!".

Follies era

The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies ran late October through May from 1990 to 2014. The Managing Director and MC of the show, Riff Markowitz, is known for his cult classic television series The Hilarious House of Frightenstein and the HBO TV series The Hitchhiker. Among the theatre's stars were Dorothy Kloss, "the World's Oldest Showgirl", Leonard Crofoot, often remembered for his roles on Star Trek The Next Generation and Star Trek Voyager, and Markowitz himself.

The Plaza Theatre was the subject of a documentary, through the Follies, entitled Still Kicking: The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies, directed by Mel Damski, which was nominated for an Oscar in 1998.

The Follies held their last show in May 2014.

Restoration project
Plans have been in the works to restore and reopen the Plaza Theater for several years. An official campaign, Save The Plaza Theatre, was launched in 2019, but was paused during the initial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

In October 2021, former Frasier producer David Lee announced a $5 million donation to the fund drive. An anonymous donor also contributed an additional $2 million to the project.

The Plaza Theatre is owned by the City of Palm Springs and the restoration project is managed by the Palm Springs Plaza Theatre Foundation, a 501(c)(3) organization headed by JR Roberts. Restoration of the iconic building is set to begin in the summer of 2023.

References

Theatres in California
Event venues established in 1936
Buildings and structures in Palm Springs, California
Tourist attractions in Palm Springs, California
Culture of Palm Springs, California


California Proposition 4 may refer to:

 California Proposition 4 (1911)
 California Proposition 4 (2008)


Ermenegildo "Gildo" Arena (25 February 1921 – 8 February 2005) was an Italian water polo player and freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics and in the 1952 Summer Olympics.

In 1948 he was part of the Italian team which won the gold medal. He played six matches and scored eleven goals. Four years later he was a member of the Italian team which won the bronze medal in the Olympic tournament. He played in all eight matches.

See also
 Italy men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
 List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
 List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)

References

External links

1921 births
2005 deaths
Italian male water polo players
Italian male freestyle swimmers
Water polo players at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy in water polo
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy in water polo
Swimmers from Naples
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Water polo players from Naples


Michaelstein Abbey (Kloster Michaelstein) is a former Cistercian monastery, now the home of the Stiftung Kloster Michaelstein - Musikinstitut für Aufführungspraxis ("Michaelstein Abbey Foundation - Music Institute for Performance"), near the town of Blankenburg in the Harz in Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany.

History

In a deed of Emperor Otto I dated 956 giving property to Quedlinburg Abbey is mentioned the cave church dedicated to Saint Michael, also known as the Volkmarskeller (as it is still called) near the Eggeröder spring. The same deed also mentions the cell of the revered anchorite Liutbirg, which traditionally was held to have been sited in or near the cave church. The holiness of the site proved attractive, and a religious community formed round it.

In 1139 Beatrix II, abbess of Quedlinburg, founded a Cistercian monastery here, which was settled in 1146 by monks from Kamp Abbey. A few years later the new monastery was transferred away from the cave church to form Michaelstein Abbey on the present site. The abbey's growing property brought it great wealth, but it never settled any daughter houses of its own.

The monastery was sacked in 1525 by rebellious mobs during the German Peasants' War. The church was ruined beyond repair, and was never rebuilt; religious services were held from then on in the former chapter house. In 1533 the remaining buildings were ransacked and devastated by Wilhelm von Haugwitz. In 1543 the last Roman Catholic abbot resigned, and the abbey and its assets passed into the hands of the Counts of Blankenburg, who acted as abbots. Under their rule the now Protestant community began a school in 1544.

After the death of the last count in 1599, Blankenburg and its possessions, including Michaelstein Abbey, came to the Duke of Brunswick, who appointed his brother Christian abbot of Michaelstein. He relinquished the position in 1624, after which the Dukes instead appointed Protestant theologians.

From 1629 to 1631 and from 1636 to 1640, during the Thirty Years' War, short-lived communities of Cistercian monks again occupied the monastery.

In 1690 Michaelstein passed into the possession of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Under abbot Eberhard Finen a seminary for Protestant preachers was established in 1717, which operated alongside the school until 1721, when the school was closed, leaving the abbey as a seminary and a Protestant men's collegiate foundation. At this period substantial building works were carried out, including the conversion of part of the west wing as a Baroque church.

In 1808, under French occupation, the abbey was closed down. Thereafter the buildings were used only for farming purposes, largely the accommodation of farm workers, and so began many years of deterioration.

Stiftung Kloster Michaelstein
In 1945, as part of the land reforms of the Communist government of East Germany, the abbey estates were split up and redistributed. Some Work on the abbeys buildings took place from 1956, but it was in 1968 that the main restoration scheme began, on the initiative of the Telemann Chamber Orchestra and its director Dr. Eitelfriedrich Thom. In 1977 was founded the culture and research facility that formed the basis of the later Institut für Aufführungspraxis der Musik des 18ten Jahrhunderts ("Institute for the Performance of the Music of the 18th Century").

In 1988 a museum was created, with a collection of predominantly historical musical instruments. In the same year a group was formed from among the musicians of the Telemann Chamber Orchestra who played on historical musical instruments as the "Barockensemble des Telemann-Kammerorchesters".

In 1995, for lack of funds, the full Telemann Chamber Orchestra was wound up, but the Baroque Ensemble continued, playing on historical instruments, and took over the name of the Telemann Chamber Orchestra. In 1997 the Institute was changed into the Stiftung Kloster Michaelstein - Musikinstitut für Aufführungspraxis. From 2001 the Landesmusikakademie of Sachsen-Anhalt has also been based here.

From 2000 the orchestra was gradually separated from the Institute and urged towards independence. Some time afterwards there was a split between the musicians: one part continues to play on historical instruments as the "Telemannisches Collegium Musicum", while the other part, under the leadership of the widow of Dr. Eitelfriedrich Thom, continues under the old name as the "Telemann-Kammerorchester", but without any connection to Michaelstein Abbey.

The former monastic buildings, now accommodating both the Foundation (Stiftung) and the Sachsen-Anhalt Music Academy (Landesmusikakademie Sachsen-Anhalt), host various musical events, particularly the series of concerts known as the Michaelsteiner Klosterkonzerte, often featuring the Michaelstein Chamber Choir (Kammerchor Michaelstein) and the Telemanisches Collegium Michaelstein Orchestra. Guided tours of the abbey complex, including the herb- and vegetable gardens, laid out according to  historical sources, and of the musical instrument display, are conducted throughout the year. A music library is located in the west wing, and is often accessible to the public. A highlight of the year is the annual Michaelstein Abbey Festival (Michaelsteiner Klosterfest).

In addition the Foundation organises conferences and seminars at a European level and supports ongoing research.

Other structures

In the external wall of the Baroque church created in the west wing of the surviving monastery precinct, are immured the remains of Beatrice of Gandersheim (d. 1061), daughter of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, and abbess of Gandersheim and Quedlinburg. Formerly buried at Quedlinburg Abbey, Beatrice's remains were displaced after the church there burnt down in 1070, and were apparently finally laid to rest in Michaelstein in the 1160s.

The nearby Mönchemühle ("monks' mill") on the Goldbach brook was once the monastery's oil mill.

Notes

External links / Sources
Kloster Michaelstein website
history of the Abbey
Kammerchor Michaelstein website
www.telemann-michaelstein.de
Telemann-Kammerorchester website
Gesellschaft der Freunde Michaelstein e.V. (Friends of Michaelstein Abbey)

References
Diestelkamp, Albert, 1934: Die Anfänge des Klosters Michaelstein, in: Sachsen und Anhalt  10 (1934), pp. 106–118.
Geyer, Albert, nd: Geschichte des Cistercienserklosters Michaelstein b. Blankenburg a. Harz. Leipzig: Bernhard Franke, O.J.

Monasteries in Saxony-Anhalt
Cistercian monasteries in Germany
1130s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1139 establishments in Europe
Lutheran monasteries in Germany
Romanesque Road
Museums in Saxony-Anhalt
Religious museums in Germany


A European political foundation, formally a political foundation at European level, informally a Eurofoundation, is a research and advocacy organization close to, but independent from a Europarty. They are funded by the European Parliament. Their purpose is to act as platforms aiming at developing forward-looking ideas and concepts for their respective political family and providing a forum where those ideas can be widely debated. There are nine Eurofoundations as of 16 March 2009.

Timeline

2003
Regulation (EC) No 2004/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 defined what a Europarty, or political party at European level, was and tightened up their regulation.

2007
That regulation was later heavily amended by Regulation (EC) No 1524/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2007. That amendment provided for the earlier-floated concept of a political foundation at European level, a legally separate affiliate to a Europarty created to help them disseminate their principles to a wider audience.

An initial one million euros was allocated for pilot proposals, and Call For Proposals DG/EAC/29/2007 went out with a deadline of 28 September 2007. Ten organizations were picked (one for each Europarty) and money was allocated with an expiry date of 31 August 2008.

Regulations
As of 1 November 2008, the regulation governing Eurofoundations is Regulation (EC) No 2004/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003, as later amended under codecision (see above). That regulation's European Commission factsheet is given here.

Funding
Their total allocated funding for 2008 is €5,000,000.

The Eurofoundations
Ten pilot Eurofoundations were set up in 2007/8, nine of which are still in existence as of 16 March 2009. They are as follows:

Proposed Eurofoundations
It was reported on 1 November 2008 that Declan Ganley had registered a company in Dublin called the Libertas Foundation Ltd and that it was intended "to act as a European Political Foundation for the Libertas Party". Ganley attempted to get EU recognition and funding of €111,000 for the Libertas Foundation in February 2009, but the attempt was rejected because its board members were all from one member state and the foundation name was the same as the aspirant Europarty also founded by Ganley. The same meeting of the Bureau of the European Parliament that rejected the Libertas foundation but (momentarily) recognised the Libertas party also defunded the Alliance of Independent Democrats in Europe (AIDE).

The foundation affiliated to the newly created Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists is New Direction.

See also
 European political party

References

External links
Martens Centre website
Foundation for European Progressive Studies website
European Liberal Forum blog
Institute of European Democrats website
Transform Europe website
Coppieters Foundation website

European Union-related lists
Pan-European political parties


Lucio Ceccarini (13 December 1930 – 14 July 2009) was an Italian water polo player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Rome.

In 1952 he was part of the Italian team which won the bronze medal in the Olympic tournament. He played one match.

See also
 List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)

References
obituary

External links

1930 births
2009 deaths
Italian male water polo players
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy in water polo
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Water polo players from Rome


The women's 52 kg powerlifting event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was contested on 10 September at the Beihang University Gymnasium in Beijing, China. This event was the fourth-lightest of the women's powerlifting weight classes, limiting competitors to a maximum of  of body mass.

As with all Paralympic powerlifting events, lifters competed in the bench press. Each athlete was allowed three attempts to bench press as much weight as possible. Athletes attempting to break a record were allowed a fourth attempt. For the attempt to be valid, the competitor must have lowered the weighted bar to her chest, held it motionless for a moment, then pressed the bar upwards until her arms were fully extended. If the competitor failed to meet these requirements or any other rule infraction was committed, the attempt was declared invalid by a team of three referees and the result struck from the record.

Results

Key: PR=Paralympic record; NMR=No marks recorded

References

Women's 052 kg
Para


Renato De Sanzuane (March 5, 1925 – June 23, 1986) was an Italian water polo player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Venice and died in Mestre.

In 1952 he was part of the Italian team which won the bronze medal in the Olympic tournament. He played seven matches.

See also
 List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)

External links

1925 births
1986 deaths
Italian male water polo players
Water polo players at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy in water polo
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Venice