Christopher Robert Nicholson, SC (born on 5 February 1945) is a retired South African High Court judge and a former cricketer, who played one first-class match for South African Universities in 1967. He attained prominence as a judge when he ruled that the South African Government had tampered with the evidence in the case against Jacob Zuma, an act that led to the resignation of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki.

Early life and sporting career

Nicholson was born on 5 February 1945 on a farm near Richmond, Natal, Union of South Africa, and was educated at Michaelhouse and at the University of Natal where he read law. He is a cousin of the brothers Peter and Graeme Pollock who played Test cricket for South Africa, is brother to Ravenor Nicholson, another first-class cricketer, and is also a cousin of the writer Alan Paton.

Nicholson represented the South African Universities against North Eastern Transvaal as a right-hand off spin bowler and a left-handed batsman. He took 3 for 58 in the match and batting at number 9, scored a total of 17 runs.

By the time Nicholson left university, the question of racial segregation in South African sport had led to South Africa's exclusion from the Olympic Games and in 1968, the English cricket team withdrew from a tour of South Africa due to the South African government's objection to the inclusion of Basil d’Oliveira, a South African born coloured player who had emigrated to the United Kingdom to play professional cricket. In 1971, leading South African cricketers left the field in a token protest against apartheid during a match to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the founding of the Republic of South Africa.

In 1973, Nicholson was among the founders of the Aurora Cricket Club – a mixed race club that applied for affiliation to the Maritzburg Cricket Union (MCU) and for inclusion in the all-white local cricket league. The club's inclusion in the league was supported by the Natal Cricket Association, and refused to be bullied by intimidatory police tactics such as taking the names of players and spectators – after each match the club voluntarily handed the police a list of all players.

Legal Resources Centre

In 1979, Nicholson, following on the efforts of Arthur Chaskalson in Johannesburg, founded the Durban chapter of the Legal Resources Centre (LRC) to assist those who could not afford advice or legal representation. One such case was the 1984 challenge he successfully brought against the pass laws, which were intended to restrict "idle and undesirable" people to rural confines. In another case in 1986, his name was closely associated with Archbishop Denis Hurley's case against the minister of law and order when he turned the internal security laws on their head by challenging the right to detain for purposes of interrogation.

By the end of that decade the challenge had begun to take its toll. Exhausted, and diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome, Nicholson resigned from his position at the LRC and took up a lecturing post at the Durban campus of the University of Natal where he taught evidence, civil procedure and professional practice. The slower pace of life in academia allowed him to spend time following his other pursuits – music and sport and to recover his health.

Advocate and judge

In the early 1990s he left the university and took silk as a Senior Counsel, enabling him to become a judge. He was appointed to the bench in 1995, one of the first in post-Apartheid South Africa. He was later appointed to the Labour Appeal Court, and later became senior judge on the Natal bench. In 2006 he found the government to be in contempt of court over the provision of antiretrovirals for prisoners at Westville Prison and in mid-2008 he ruled against the Erasmus Commission, set up by Ebrahim Rasool to probe allegations of bribery in the City of Cape Town, finding that the former premier had abused his provincial powers.

Jacob Zuma was the deputy president of South Africa, leader of the African National Congress and poised to succeed Thabo Mbeki as President of South Africa. He was dismissed as deputy president by Mbeki in June 2005 when his financial advisor Schabir Shaik, was convicted of corruption and fraud. Zuma was subsequently charged with corruption by the National Prosecuting Authority. On 28 December 2007, after various procedural delays the Scorpions (A government anti-corruption and anti-fraud investigation branch) served Zuma an indictment to stand trial in the High Court on various counts of racketeering, money laundering, corruption and fraud. Zuma appealed against the charges and on 12 September 2008 Nicholson held that Zuma's corruption charges were unlawful on procedural grounds. In his judgment Nicholson also wrote that he believed that there was political interference in the timing of the charges being brought against Zuma. Although this was initially denied by Mbeki, Mbeki was forced to resign on 20 September 2008.

Nicholson's ruling dismissing the charges against Zuma was unanimously overturned by the Supreme Court of Appeal, in a ruling which was critical of Nicholson's judgement in the case, including his addition of personal opinions to the ruling, and of  including "gratuitous findings" about Mbeki and others in his judgement.

After Nicholson retired, he headed a committee appointed by Fikile Mbalula, South African Sport and Recreation Minister that investigated the affairs of the South Africa's national cricketing body Cricket South Africa (CSA). The investigation was triggered by a report from KPMG, the federation's auditor that a bonus of R4.5 million (about GBP 400,000 or $700,000) had been paid to CSA's chief executive Gerald Majola without the knowledge of the federation's remuneration committee. The commission found that Majola had breached the South African Companies Act at least four times and recommended that both the SCA and the South African Revenue Service should consider taking further action. The commission also recommended a restructuring of CSA's structure.

Books written by Nicholson

Nicholson has written a number books that reflect his other interests:
 – Nicholson documents the cover-up and subsequent exposure of the murder of four anti-Apartheid activists, "The Craddock Four", in the Eastern Cape.
 – A biography of Papwa Sewgolum, a South African golfer of Indian descent who, on account of the colour of his skin, had to receive the trophy for winning the Natal Open Golf Tournament in the rain as he was refused admission to the whites-only clubhouse.
 – Nicholson investigates the degree to which Wagner's anti-semitic views might have influenced Hitler.

References

External links

1945 births
Living people
South African people of British descent
South African cricketers
20th-century South African judges
South African Senior Counsel
Opposition to apartheid in South Africa
University of Natal alumni
South African Universities cricketers
Alumni of Michaelhouse


The PP-91 Kedr is a 9mm machine pistol developed from a prototype from the 1970s and since 1994 adopted by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Overview
The PP-91 is a simply designed, easy to manufacture selective fire submachine gun designed by Yevgeny Dragunov (the designer of the SVD sniper rifle).

It is blowback operated and fires from a closed bolt, allowing for more accurate shooting than would be possible from an open bolt design. Ammunition is fed from a double column box magazine and it is supplied with folding shoulder stock.

Despite the small caliber of the round it uses, the notable advantages of the PP-91 are its compact size and the weight of only 1.5 kg, making it very easy to carry, and can be fired effectively by only one hand. The safety/selector lever is located on the right hand side and allows for semi-automatic single shots and fully automatic fire at the rate of 800 rounds per minute. The effective range of the PP-91 is between 50-100m. The weapon uses a diopter sight and allows for the use of a laser sight and a suppressor.

Variants
 PP-71 (ПП-71) - a prototype SMG developed for the Ministry of Defense in the framework of the ROC "Bouquet" and tested in 1969–1972. Not commercially produced.
 PP-91-01 "Kedr-B" (ПП-91-01 «Кедр-Б») - SMG with an integrated silencer, chambered for 9×18mm Makarov
 PP-9 "Klin" (ПП-9 "Клин") chambered for 9×18mm Makarov, produced in 1996–2002. for the Interior Ministry. It features improved ballistics (due to a more powerful cartridge), the increased weight of the gate and the presence of helical grooves in the chamber.
 PP-919 "Kedr-2" (ПП-919 "Кедр-2") - was developed in 1994–1996. chambered for 9×19mm Parabellum for the Federal Tax Police Service (made 3 pcs.).
 in 2009 was also presented a prototype of the PP-2011 "KEDR-PARA" (ПП-2011 "КЕДР-PARA") chambered for 9×19mm 7N21.
 PKSK (ПКСК) - semi-automatic carbine version chambered for 9×17 mm K, designed for private security, with a 10-round magazine. Produced in small batches since April 1998.
 KMO-9 "Korsak" (КМО-9 "Корсак") - prototype semi-automatic version with a long barrel chambered for 9×21mm. Designed as a civilian sporting and hunting weapons training.
 PST "Corporal" (ПСТ "Капрал") - semi-automatic version for private security agencies chambered for the 10 × 23mm T cartridge, with a 10-round magazine.
 PDT-9T "Yesaul" (ПДТ-9Т "Есаул") - semi-automatic version chambered for the non-lethal 9mm P.A., with a 10-round magazine (available since 2005).
 "Yesaul-2" ("Есаул-2") - a prototype full-automatic version chambered for the non-lethal 9mm P.A., with a 20-round magazine
 PDT-13T "Yesaul-3" (ПДТ-13Т "Есаул-3") - semi-automatic version chambered for the non-lethal .45 Rubber, with a 10-round magazine (designed in 2009)
 "Kedr-MD" (Кедр-МД) - sub-machine gun to fire only blank cartridges, designed to order by the film concern "Mosfilm" in 2006. Only 5 were made.
KSO-9 "Krechet" (КСО-9 "Кречет") -  semi-automatic civilian carbine variant with long barrel, AR-15 type stock, 10-round magazines and chambered for the 9x19mm cartridge. Saw limited production in 2014–2015, very few were made.

Users

: MVD (politsiya and OMON) and security guards

See also
 List of Russian weaponry

References

External links

External links
 Official website
 Kedr PP-91 / Klin PP-9 submachine gun - Modern Firearms
 PP-91 Kedr / Internet Movie Firearms Database

9×18mm Makarov submachine guns
Kalashnikov Concern products
Machine pistols
Simple blowback firearms
Submachine guns of Russia
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1994


JSCB "IMEXBANK" () was one of the largest commercial banks in Ukraine based in the city of Odesa. It was founded on March 29, 1994. The bank's primary owner was Leonid Klimov. On January 27, 2015, the National Bank of Ukraine declared Imexbank insolvent and introduced a temporary administration for a period of three months.

On May 27, 2015, the Deposit Guarantee Fund of Ukraine made a decision to liquidate Imexbank.

History
IMEXBANK was opened on March 29, 1994. In 1998, the bank expanded outside of Odesa region, having opened a branch in Kyiv.

In 2002, the bank received a license from the international payment system MasterCard International, opening branches in Dnipro, Zaporizhia, Mykolayiv and Rivne.

In 2003, IMEXBANK joined the international interbank payment system SWIFT. At the end of 2003, the bank served 5,000 legal entities and more than 150,000 individuals, and branches were opened in Ternopil, Vinnytsia and Kropyvnytskyi.

As of 2004, IMEXBANK had more than 200 branches in Ukraine.

In 2006, the first foreign offices were opened in Austria and South Africa, and the following year in Romania. The Bank developed operations with bank metals and expanded the range of coins made of precious metals.

As of 2010, the bank's capital reached ₴990 million (approximately $120 million).

Due to financial crisis in Ukraine caused by Russia annexation of Crimea and War on Donbass, the bank was liquidated on May 27, 2015 by the decision of the National Bank of Ukraine.

On May 26, 2020, the Deposit Guarantee Fund of Ukraine sold at auction the Chornomorets Stadium, formerly owned by IMEXBANK to the american company "Allrise Capital", for ₴193.8 million.

Membership
Europay International
MasterCard International
The Ukrainian interbank association of Europay International members
The partner of Western Union company
Association of National Large-Scale Electronic Payments System (NLEPS) participants
Association of Ukrainian Banks (AUB)
The Odesa Bank Union
Professional Association of Registrars and Depositaries (PARD)
Open-ended Society "Interregional Fund Union" (IFU)
Contributions warranting fund for private entities
The Ukrainian Interbank Currency Stock Exchange (UICSE)

Sponsors and Partners
FC Chornomorets Odesa is the bank's asset
IMEXBANK is one of the cofounders of the Odesa Bank Union
First National Open-ended Pension Fund
PRIMORIE Insurance Company mutual cooperation
Black Sea Hotel (four star) mutual cooperation (10% off for the bank's clients)
Andromed Medical Centre

References

External links
 Official website  - inaccessible
 Official website
 The main sponsor of FC Chornomorets Odesa
 Listed in Ukraine
 Location of the bank on wikimapia, the first skyscraper of Odesa
 Brief profile

Defunct banks of Ukraine
Banks established in 1994
Banks disestablished in 2015
1994 establishments in Ukraine
2015 disestablishments in Ukraine


Marquis Xuan of Cai (蔡宣侯) (?–715 BC), born Ji Cuòfu  (姬措父), was the eleventh ruler of the State of Cai from 750 BC to 715 BC.  He was the only known son of Marquis Dai of Cai (蔡戴侯), his predecessor. His reign for 35 years. He was succeeded by his son.

References
 Shiji
 Chinese Wikipedia

Zhou dynasty nobility
Cai (state)
8th-century BC Chinese monarchs
715 BC deaths


The Wenatchee AppleSox is a collegiate summer baseball team playing in the West Coast League's North Division. The team is based in Wenatchee, Washington. The team was established in 2000 by owner Jim Corcoran and has played its home games at Paul Thomas Sr. Field on the campus of Wenatchee Valley College.  Asst. GM Ken Osborne became a stockholder in 2008.  Corcoran and Osborne sold the team to retired Microsoft executive Jose Oglesby in 2018, with Osborne being appointed COO/GM. Osborne stepped down on Feb. 3, 2021, and assistant general manager Allie Schank was promoted to general manager.

Team history

2000–2013
The AppleSox began play in 2000 and joined the Pacific International League. The AppleSox marked the return of baseball to the Wenatchee Valley for the first time since the Wenatchee Chiefs suspended operations after the 1965 season. The AppleSox were a member of the PIL until 2004, when the team left the league to become a charter member of the West Coast League. The team won the PIL Championship in 2003 and has won five WCL Championships in the league's history, including back-to-back titles in 2009 and 2010.

2014
The 2014 season marked the first year that the AppleSox did not make the WCL Playoffs. The team was 30–24 in regular-season play. As the season concluded, Sox head coach, Ed Knaggs stepped down and AJ Proszek was selected to replace him, making Proszek the 3rd head coach all-time for the AppleSox. Proszek was a pitching coach for Wenatchee in 2013 and 2014. The changing of the coaching reins put an end to a 14-year run for Knaggs as the head coach in Wenatchee. He also had previously coached 22 seasons at Wenatchee High School.

2015–2016
The AppleSox went 43–65 over the next two WCL seasons, and were unable to reach the WCL postseason. The AppleSox did feature two of the more prolific hitters in WCL history in each of the 2015 season and 2016 seasons. Keston Hiura, an outfielder from UC Irvine, set WCL records with 33 extra-base hits, 119 total bases, and 6 triples. Michael Toglia (2016) became the third AppleSox player to win league MVP, joining Mitchell Gunsolus (2012) and Steve Marquardt (2005). He hit .306 and led the WCL with 7 home runs. At the end of the 2016 season, A J Proszek announced that he would not return for a third season as the team's head coach. The AppleSox hired Kyle Krustangel just over a month later, on September 14, 2016.

2017-2019
Krustangel kept the AppleSox in playoff contention until the final weekend of the season in each of his first two seasons before finally breaking through in 2019. The AppleSox won 17 of their final 25 games to earn their first playoff spot since 2013. Krustangel quit following the 2019 season to accept the same job with the Yakima Valley Pippins. Ian Sanderson of Lower Columbia College was subsequently hired as the fifth head coach in AppleSox history.

2022
The AppleSox made the postseason for the first time under a first-year head coach in 2022 after winning the WCL North Division's second-half title. Mitch Darlington guided the team to a 27-27 record and a first-round sweep of the Kamloops NorthPaws before falling to the Bellingham Bells in the North Division Championship Game. Second baseman Joichiro Oyama won WCL co-MVP by breaking AppleSox single-season records for plate appearances (276), runs (54), stolen bases (42) and walks (42) while also tying for the single-season record for triples (6) and games played (54). He also broke the WCL single-season record for runs and stolen bases with his historic 2022 campaign.

2023
The Applesox are currently 3rd in the north division with a 12-4 record and are tied for first place with the division leading Bells. Easton Amundson (Liberty) leads the league in home runs (6) while Brandham Ponce (Washington State) is 4th in the league in runs batted in (15). Jadon Williamson (Lower Columbia) is tied for second in wins on the mound (2) and Cam Hoiland (Cal Poly San Luis Obispo) is third in ERA (0.60). 7,145 total fans have gone through the gates for an average of 794 per game.

On June 19th, infielder Easton Amundson was named one of the players of the week. Amundson had hit three home runs and batted ten runners in over the week.

Ballpark traditions

Kid's choir
AppleSox games feature a special seventh-inning stretch. Local kids are invited out to the mound with the team's mascot, "Coyote", to sing "Take Me Out to the Ballgame".

Strikeout socks
The AppleSox hang embroidered socks from a clothesline on the press box, each time their pitcher strikes out an opposing batter. After five strikeouts by AppleSox pitching the team's guest services workers toss socks to fans in the seating area.

Race the Coyote
Long-time AppleSox mascot Coyote rounds the bases each night in a race against an AppleSox youngster. He still hasn't beaten any kids in the daily race, but has accumulated a few wins on various "Mascot" nights over the years, when he races other local mascots instead of children.

Ketchup and Mustard Race
During the fifth inning of each home game everyone's two favorite condiments race each other above the right-field wall.

Tommy Watanabe Award
AppleSox pitcher Tommy Watanabe died late in the 2017 season to the shock of the team and his family and friends. He left an indelible mark on all whom he interacted with and the AppleSox began honoring him the following the season with an award in his name. The Tommy Watanabe Award is annually presented to the AppleSox player who best shows passion and respect for baseball as well as those who play or work in the game. Wenatchee native Jacob Prater was presented with the inaugural award in 2018 and Johnny Sage won it the following the year. Michael O'Hara was recognized in 2021 before Joichiro Oyama was honored in 2022.

Section 'A'
The fans at Paul Thomas Sr. Field take a special liking each year to the AppleSox first base-coach, giving him a loud ovation each time he jogs to the coaches box. The tradition began with the fans in section A along the first baseline in 2006 and has spread across the entire stadium.

Season-by-Season Record

Division champions

PIL
 2002
 2004

WCL
 2005
 2008
 2009
 2010
 2011
 2012
 2013

League champions

PIL
 2003

WCL
 2005
 2006
 2009
 2010
 2012

Notable alumni
 Cole Gillespie (2004)
 Jason Hammel (2001)
 Tommy Milone (2006)
 Clay Mortensen (2005–2006)
 Trevor Brown (2010)
 Marco Gonzales (2010)
 Simon Rosenbaum (2014)
 Griffin Canning (2014)
 Keston Hiura (2015)
 Michael Toglia (2016)

References

External links

Amateur baseball teams in Washington (state)
Sports in Wenatchee, Washington


Seires (Greek: Σειρές, before 1928: Βερσίτσι - Versitsi) is a mountain village and a community in the municipal unit of Aroania, Achaea, Greece. It was named after the ancient town Seirae, that was part of Arcadian Azania. In 2011, it had a population of 76 for the village and 263 for the community, which includes the villages Agioi Theodoroi, Agios Georgios, Krini and Thomaiika.  Seires is situated at 940 m above sea level. Seires is 3 km west of Alestaina, 4 km northwest of Paos, 5 km east of Psofida and 23 km southwest of Kalavryta.

Population

History

According to Pausanias, Seirae was an Arcadian city at the border between Cleitor and Psophis. The city was located near the Soron Forest and near the ruined settlement of Paos. Seires was an independent community until 1997, when it joined the newly formed municipality of Aroania.

See also

List of settlements in Achaea

References

External links
Seires at the GTP Travel Pages

Populated places in Achaea
Kalavryta
Arcadian city-states
Arcadian Azania
Aroania


Van Hogendorp is a patrician family that belongs to the Dutch nobility.

History

The first recorded member is the Gijsbert Gillisz. van Hogendorp who died in The Hague in 1584 and worked as a councillor for the High Council of Holland. During the 17th and 18th century the family played a role in the government of Rotterdam.

The possessions of the Van Hogendorp family include the partly free lordships of Moerkapelle, Wilde Veenen, Sint-Jan ten Steen, Glossenberghe, Hofwegen, Steenhuysen, Cromstrijen and Heijningen. In 1748 Gijsbert van Hogendorp was granted the title of Reichsgrave by emperor Francis I. In 1811, emperor Napoleon gave Dirk van Hogendorp the title of Comte de l'Empire. In 1814, Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp was appointed to the ridderschap (thus de facto recognized into the nobility) and in 1815 granted the title Count of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with inheritance of the title to the legal, eldest son. In 1867, his younger son Frederik van Hogendorp was granted the title Baron of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with inheritance of the title to the legal eldest son. This was converted into inheritance of the baronial title on all in 1868. Untitled noble members of other branches of the family still bear the predicate Jonkheer.

Notable members
 Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp (1762-1834), politician.
 Dirk van Hogendorp (1761-1822)
 Dirk van Hogendorp (1797-1845)
 Mariane van Hogendorp (1834-1909), feminist and suffrage activist.

Bibliography
Nederland's Adelsboek 85 (1995), pp. 310-359.

Hogendorp, van
Hogendorp, van


Oleksii Oleksiiovych Shovkunenko (; 21 March 1884 - 12 March 1974) was a Soviet painter and teacher, and from 1947 on a member of the USSR Academy of Arts.

Shovkunenko was born in the city of Kherson, in the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire (in the Kherson Oblast of present-day Ukraine).

Shovkunenko was a graduate of the Grekov Odesa Art School in 1908 and the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts in 1917. He took part in the exhibitions of the Society of South Russian Artists from 1913 to 1919 and was a member of the Kostandi Society of Artists from 1924 to 1929. He taught at the Odessa Art Polytechnic from 1926 to 1929 and at the Art Institute from 1929 to 1935 and later at the Kiev State Art Institute from 1936 to 1963.

Shovkunenko painted many portraits, including some of prominent Ukrainian cultural figures (such as Pavlo Tychyna, Mykola Lysenko, and Oleksandr Bohomolets) and also he painted landscapes of Ukraine, Moscow and other areas.

References
 Shovkunenko, Oleksii at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
 Oleksiy Shovkunenko. A set of postcards. Kyiv, 1957.

1884 births
1974 deaths
Burials at Baikove Cemetery
Artists from Kherson
Soviet painters
Recipients of the Shevchenko National Prize
20th-century Ukrainian painters
20th-century Ukrainian male artists
Ukrainian male painters


Anne Corfitzdatter of Hardenberg (or Anne Corfitzdatter Rønnow gift Hardenberg, died 1588) was a Danish courtier.   She served as a lady-in-waiting to the Dowager Queen Dorothea of Denmark from 1559 to 1572 and is known to have been the love interest of Frederick II, who famously wished to marry her.

Biography

Of high nobility, Anne was the daughter of Corfitz Eriksen of Hardenberg and Mette Christiernsdatter Skram.  She was introduced at court, where she was named hofdame (maid-of-honor) to queen Dorothea in 1559.

Anne first got to know Frederick II, Queen Dorothea's eldest son, when he was a Crown Prince.   He fell in love with her and wanted to marry her.  However, a marriage was already planned between her and Oluf Mouritsen Krognos, (1535–1573) Chancellor of the Realm (rigsråd, in Danish).  When Frederick assumed the throne of Denmark in 1559 at the age of 25, he attempted once more to marry Anne.  Frederick's desire to marry a non-royal was met with widespread opposition.  The nobility and the king's advisors believed it an imprudent match, as it might incite jealousy and accusations of favoritism among relatives and other court families. It is not known how Anne Hardenberg herself felt about the king, but she, too, advised Frederick against the marriage.  Anne Hardeberg was never a mistress of the king, as they are not known to ever have had intercourse.

Finally, in 1571, at age 37 the king relented and was betrothed instead to his 14-year-old first half-cousin Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. He apparently wished for his first love to approve of the match before going through with the betrothal, as he organized a meeting between himself, his future mother-in-law, the Duchess Elizabeth, and Anne. After the meeting, Anne wrote to her close friend, Birgitte Gøye, "God knows I am so happy and calm in my heart as I have not been in many years."

Shortly after the royal marriage, Anne of Hardenberg married her old suitor, Oluf Krognos. They  were married on 11 January 1573 in Church of Our Lady (Vor Frue Kirke) in Copenhagen. Unfortunately, he died six months after the wedding on 25 June 1573. She lived at her dowry, the Bregentved Estate outside Haslev in Zealand. Anne managed to keep her husband's family's financial support with the assistance of the royal family, especially the king's sister, Anna, Electress of Saxony.

References

External links
Bregentved

Danish nobility
Year of birth missing
1588 deaths
16th-century Danish people
16th-century Danish women
Danish ladies-in-waiting


Bernard Sainz, a.k.a. Dr Mabuse, (born Rennes, France, 1 September 1943) is an unlicensed sports doctor who achieved great success in horse racing and cycling. He was jailed for falsely practising medicine, particularly in cycle racing, and received other sentences for doping-related charges, which he consistently denied.

Background
Bernard Sainz began cycle-racing in 1958 when he was 15, riding a race on rollers. He won a bicycle as fastest rider. He joined the UC Créteil a club in the suburbs of Paris. One of his first training companions was Pierre Trentin, a future sprint champion. In 1964 he came third in the French students' championship in his home town. The winner was Jean-Marie Leblanc, who became a professional and then organiser of the Tour de France. He stopped racing after crashing in a motor-paced race on the velodrome at Grenoble

Sainz first consulted a homeopathic doctor in 1956 after persistent sinusitis. Sainz said:

Sainz says he studied for three years at the homeopathic school of St Jacques in Paris and at the national homeopathy centre, from which he said he qualified with the praise of the examiners. He has always insisted that he practised homeopathy in treating racing cyclists. He accepts in his biography that his qualifications in homeopathy and acupuncture are not recognised in France.

Horse racing
Bernard Sainz came to notice at horse racing tracks. In 1988 one of his three-year-olds, Soft Machine, caused a surprise by winning a big race three days after losing an unimportant one for which he had been favourite. The suspicion was that Sainz had doped the horse to run faster, but nothing was found. Sainz said:

It was the training that he gave horses and the instructions that he gave his jockeys, he said in his autobiography, that made his horse successful. Sainz said he was surprised, with his cycling background, to see how lightly horses were trained. The accepted theory was that a horse should race and then rest for 18 days.

It was around this time that Sainz acquired the nickname Dr Mabuse, after the villain in a series of German books and films. Sainz was questioned in an inquiry into possible doping of horses. Horse-racing, Sainz said, was an area where he had made few friends and which didn't lack dangerous people.

Cycling

Bernard Sainz returned to cycling in 1972, joining the Mercier team when Louis Caput replaced Antonin Magne as manager. Caput approached Edmond Mercier, the bicycle-maker behind Poulidor's team, and asked to bring Sainz into the team management. Mercier agreed, said Sainz, because he was already treating Mercier for his own health problems. Mercier had also brought in the insurance company, GAN, as main sponsor. GAN, said Sainz, wanted Raymond Poulidor, who had said the previous year that he would not race any more. Sainz said:

Sainz continued:

In Paris–Nice, the first important stage race of the season, Poulidor was 22 seconds behind Eddy Merckx on the morning of the last day. Poulidor attacked from the start, setting a speed record on the col de la Turbie that stood for more than 10 years and won Paris–Nice by two seconds. Next year he won Paris–Nice again and also the Dauphiné Libéré.

Sainz also treated Cyrille Guimard when pain in his knees was threatening his lead in the Tour de France. The two had met three years earlier. Sainz kept Guimard in the Tour even though the rider had sometimes to be carried from his bicycle. Sainz said:

In 1986 he was cleared in an investigation into the trading of amphetamine at the Paris six-day race. He was questioned about illegal practice of medicine and held for two months in 1999. In 2002 police stopped him for speeding and driving without insurance on the E17 autoroute in Belgium and found homeopathic medicines in his car. He told police he had been to see the Belgian cyclist, Frank Vandenbroucke. They went to see Vandenbroucke and found EPO, morphine and clenbuterol. Vandenbroucke claimed they were for his dog.

The investigation brought out other names, such as Philippe Gaumont, who rode with Vandenbroucke at Cofidis and Yvon Ledanois of another team, Française des Jeux. Gaumont said Sainz gave them only homeopathic treatments. Vandenbroucke said he was naive but not dishonest in using Sainz, but that he was impressed at his results.

On release from jail in Belgium, Sainz was re-arrested in France for breaking conditions imposed on him in 1999 to keep him away from the sport. Ten used syringes were found in Sainz's office and he was accused of possessing and administering testosterone and corticoids. Sainz said the testosterone was to increase his sexual performance and the corticoids for treating horses. The case was dropped.

Vandenbroucke, however, held a news conference in Ploegsteert, Belgium, to say he had always thought Sainz gave him homeopathic products but that he had doubts. He said Sainz had given him drops and injections. He said:

He (Sainz) said to me that they were completely legal homeopathic products. I wanted to trust him ... I was under the charm of Dr Mabuse. I may be considered naive but I am not a dishonest person. I want to believe that Mr Sainz only gave homeopathic care. I trusted him. Bernard Sainz proposed that he advise me. He seemed to be a strange man but was clearly a cycling expert. He impressed me greatly by showing me photographs of him administering his treatments to greats like Eddy Merckx, Lucien Van Impe, Bernard Hinault, Laurent Fignon, Cyril Guimard and many other great sportsmen like Alain Prost. He explained to me that this care was based on natural methods and alternative medicines without endangering my health nor violating the ethics of our sport.

He paid Sainz 7,000 French francs for the homeopathic drops and 50,000 in fees in the first half of 1999. Sainz said:

I have concerned myself with him since autumn 1998. Not, as has been claimed, to get him doping products. Everybody knows perfectly, starting with the policemen who have listened to me for a long time, that riders don't need me for that sort of thing. To the contrary. If they turn to me, it's because they've heard of what I have been able to do [mes compétences diverses] for the great stars I have cited.

The investigation that surrounded the Vandenbroucke inquiry linked Sainz to 51 athletes, of whom 33 were cyclists and others football players.

'Dr' Mabuse

Sainz's standing in cycling has frequently awarded him the title "doctor". The sports daily, L'Équipe spoke of how "Dr Bernard Sainz looked after the health of Louis Caput's team." Three days later it repeated the title in writing of Cyrille Guimard. In 1975 Nord Éclair referred to Sainz as having "had several years of medicine and looks after the medical cares of riders." As Dr Jean-Pierre de Mondenard pointed out: "In fact, the good Bernard did zero years of medicine." In the same year, L'Équipe wrote "Dr Sainz of the GAN team will probably join Gitane." Joop Zoetemelk refers to Sainz as "doctor" in a biography and so does Erwann Menthéour, another former rider.

Menthéour said:
I called the man whom all riders call when they have a problem: Dr Mabuse. For more than 30 years, the good doctor has been a central personality in the cycling world... and in horse-racing! He 'cares for' [soigne] men and horses without distinction, improving their performances with an efficiency universally recognised. A former amateur rider of talent, Mabuse looks after riders by love and horses by interest. My father calls him 'God' because of the fascination he exerts on those who approach him. But despite his powers, which are enormous, Mabuse has none of the exterior signs of a guru. The real power is inside. Everybody recognises his massive but discreet silhouette beside finish lines. He is seen but never mentioned.

Jail
On 11 April 2008, the high court in Paris condemned Sainz to three years in prison, the first half without release and the second on probationary freedom. He was accused of administering doping products to athletes and practising medicine without a licence. He produced no evidence of medical training at his trial.

References

See also
 Tour de France
 Doping
 List of doping cases in cycling

1943 births
Living people
French male cyclists
French cycling coaches
Cycle racing in France
Doping cases in cycling
Doping in association football
Drugs in sport in France
French homeopaths
Physicians from Rennes
Association football player non-biographical articles
Sportspeople from Ille-et-Vilaine
Doping cases in equestrian


The 121st Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Luzerne County and has been represented by Eddie Day Pashinski since 2007. The district includes the following areas:

 Bear Creek Township
 Bear Creek Village
 Buck Township
 Laurel Run
 Plains Township
 Wilkes-Barre
 Wilkes-Barre Township

Representatives

Recent election results

References

External links
District Map from the United States Census Bureau
Pennsylvania House Legislative District Maps from the Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission.
Population Date for District 45 from the Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission.

Government of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
121


The 1968–69 New York Knicks season was the 23rd season for the team in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Knicks finished third in the Eastern Division with a 54–28 regular season record, and qualified for the NBA playoffs for the third straight year. In the first round of the playoffs, New York defeated the Baltimore Bullets in a four-game sweep to earn a berth in the Eastern Division finals. The Knicks lost the division finals to the eventual NBA champion Boston Celtics in six games. Willis Reed scored a team-best 21.1 points per game for the Knicks; Walt Frazier led the team with 7.9 assists per game and Reed averaged 14.5 rebounds per game.

The Knicks selected Bill Hosket, Jr. in the opening round of the 1968 NBA draft, and made a significant trade early in the season, acquiring Dave DeBusschere from the Detroit Pistons in exchange for Walt Bellamy and Butch Komives. Author Harvey Araton called him "the player who would complete the championship puzzle in New York." After a 5–11 start to the season, New York went on a long winning streak, winning all but 2 of 19 games in one stretch that included 13 straight home wins. After a two-game losing streak, the Knicks won 11 consecutive games from January 25 to February 15 to bring their record to 44–21. The Knicks had two four-game winning streaks during the rest of the season, and ended with a 54–28 record. This mark placed them third in the Eastern Conference; only the Bullets and Philadelphia 76ers had superior records. New York saw an increase in attendance during the regular season; after having six sellouts in their entire history, the Knicks played to capacity crowds in 14 games at Madison Square Garden.

New York faced the Bullets, who had won 57 games in the regular season and held the number one seed in the Eastern Conference, in their first playoff round. The Knicks won the first two games by over 10 points each, and a pair of closer victories in games three and four eliminated Baltimore. They held home court advantage for their series with the Celtics, but lost it with a 108–100 loss in the first game. After losing two of the next three games, New York won game five to force a sixth game. However, Boston's Sam Jones posted 29 points to help the Celtics to a 106–105 win that ended the Knicks' season.

NBA draft

Note: This is not an extensive list; it only covers the first and second rounds, and any other players picked by the franchise that played at least one game in the league.

Roster

Regular season

Season standings

x – clinched playoff spot

Record vs. opponents

Game log

Playoffs

|- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc"
| 1
| March 27
| @ Baltimore
| W 113–101
| Walt Frazier (26)
| Dave DeBusschere (21)
| Walt Frazier (11)
| Baltimore Civic Center11,941
| 1–0
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc"
| 2
| March 29
| Baltimore
| W 107–91
| Dick Barnett (27)
| Dave DeBusschere (19)
| Walt Frazier (12)
| Madison Square Garden19,500
| 2–0
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc"
| 3
| March 30
| @ Baltimore
| W 119–116
| Willis Reed (35)
| Willis Reed (19)
| Walt Frazier (17)
| Baltimore Civic Center9,927
| 3–0
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc"
| 4
| April 2
| Baltimore
| W 115–108
| Willis Reed (43)
| Willis Reed (17)
| Walt Frazier (11)
| Madison Square Garden19,500
| 4–0
|-

|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc"
| 1
| April 6
| Boston
| L 100–108
| Walt Frazier (34)
| Dave DeBusschere (14)
| Walt Frazier (8)
| Madison Square Garden19,500
| 0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc"
| 2
| April 9
| @ Boston
| L 97–112
| Willis Reed (28)
| Willis Reed (13)
| Walt Frazier (4)
| Boston Garden14,933
| 0–2
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc"
| 3
| April 10
| Boston
| W 101–91
| Walt Frazier (26)
| Willis Reed (14)
| Walt Frazier (12)
| Madison Square Garden19,500
| 1–2
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc"
| 4
| April 13
| @ Boston
| L 96–97
| Willis Reed (22)
| Willis Reed (19)
| Walt Frazier (6)
| Boston Garden13,506
| 1–3
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc"
| 5
| April 14
| Boston
| W 112–104
| Willis Reed (24)
| Walt Frazier (12)
| Walt Frazier (9)
| Madison Square Garden19,500
| 2–3
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc"
| 6
| April 18
| @ Boston
| L 105–106
| Willis Reed (32)
| Willis Reed (11)
| Bill Bradley (7)
| Boston Garden14,933
| 2–4
|-

Awards and records
Willis Reed, All-NBA Second Team
Dave DeBusschere, All-NBA Second Team
Walt Frazier, NBA All-Defensive First Team
Dave DeBusschere, NBA All-Defensive First Team

References

Bibliography

New York
New York Knicks seasons
New York Knicks
New York Knicks
1960s in Manhattan
Madison Square Garden


The  is a commuter railway line in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Seibu Railway. The  line extends from Nishi-Tokorozawa Station on the Seibu Ikebukuro Line to Seibukyūjō-mae Station in Tokorozawa, Saitama.

Stations and service pattern
All stations are located in Tokorozawa, Saitama. Abbreviations here are for the table below, not formally used.

  Stops at all stations.

  (SE)

  (Ra)

  (Ex)

  (LE) :Ikebukuro to Seibu Chichibu, trains named , , with supplementary limited express charge.

History
The line and its two stations opened on 1 May 1929, initially electrified at 1,200 V DC. This was raised to 1,500 V DC in 1952.

Station numbering was introduced on all Seibu Railway lines during fiscal 2012, with Seibu Sayama Line stations numbered prefixed with the letters "SI" (part of the Seibu Ikebukuro group of lines).

References
This article incorporates material from the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia

Rail transport in Saitama Prefecture
Sayama Line
Sayama Line
1067 mm gauge railways in Japan
Railway lines opened in 1929
1500 V DC railway electrification


I Can't Think Straight is a 2008 British romantic drama film directed by Shamim Sarif. Based on Sarif's 2008 novel of the same name, the film tells the story of a London-based Jordanian of Palestinian descent, Tala, who is preparing for an elaborate wedding when a turn of events causes her to have an affair, and subsequently fall in love, with another woman, Leyla, a British Indian. The film stars Lisa Ray and Sheetal Sheth.

I Can't Think Straight was produced by Enlightenment Productions and distributed in the United States by Regent Releasing and Here! Films. It was released in different regions between 2008 and 2009. The DVD was released on 4 May 2009.

The lead actresses, Ray and Sheth, also starred in Sarif's 2007 lesbian-themed historical drama film The World Unseen.

Plot

In the upper echelons of traditional Middle Eastern society, wealthy Christian Palestinians Reema and Omar prepare for the marriage of their visiting daughter Tala to Hani in Jordan. But back at work in London, Tala encounters Leyla, a young British Indian Muslim woman who is dating Tala's best friend Ali. Tala sees something unique in the artless, clumsy, sensitive Leyla who secretly works to become a writer. And Tala's forthright challenges to Leyla's beliefs begins a journey of self-awareness for Leyla. After a weekend getaway into the countryside, Tala and Leyla sleep together and the two women begin to fall in love. However, Tala's own sense of duty and cultural restraint cause her to pull away from Leyla and fly back to Jordan where the preparations for an ostentatious wedding are well under way.

As family members descend and the wedding day approaches, the pressure mounts until Tala finally cracks and extricates herself. Back in London, Leyla is heartbroken but learns to break free of her own self-doubt and her mother's expectations, ditching Ali and being honest with her parents about her sexuality. When Ali and Leyla's feisty sister, Yasmin, help try to get Tala and Leyla together again, Tala finds that her own preconceptions of what love can be is the final hurdle she must jump to win Leyla back.

Cast
 Lisa Ray as Tala
 Sheetal Sheth as Leyla
 Antonia Frering as Reema - Tala's mother
 Dalip Tahil as Omar - Tala's father
 Ernest Ignatius as Sam - Leyla's father
 Siddiqua Akhtar as Maya - Leyla's mother
 Amber Rose Revah as Yasmin - Leyla's sister
 Anya Lahiri as Lamia - Tala's middle sister
 Kimberly Jaraj as Zina - Tala's younger sister
 Rez Kempton as Ali - Tala's best friend, Leyla's boyfriend
 Daud Shah as Hani - Tala's fiancé
 Sam Vincenti as Kareem - Lamia's husband
 Ishwar Maharaj as Sami - Kareem's younger brother
 George Tardios as Uncle Ramzi
 Nina Wadia as Rani the Housekeeper

Critical reception
The New York Times called the film "another weightless confection from the writer and director Shamim Sarif."

Autostraddle said that it "stands out for its cultural specificity, truly stunning leads, and endless charm."

AfterEllen's review notes, "While the film has a lot going for it, the script is surprisingly paint-by-the-numbers. Viewers familiar with lesbian films will be able to call the ending (and all major points of conflict) long before the credits roll. Also surprising is the number of cringe-worthy lines Ray and Sheth utter."

Awards
 Best Feature, Audience Award - Miami Gay & Lesbian Film Festival 2009
 Best Feature - International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival Of Canary Islands, 2009
 Best Feature - Afterellen Visibility Awards
 Best Feature, Audience Award - Melbourne Queer Film Festival 2009
 Best Feature, Audience Award - Pink Apple 2009
 Audience Award Best Feature Film - Fairy Tales International Queer Diversity Film Festival (Calgary) 2009
 Jury Winner Best Feature Film - Festival Del Mar, Majorca 2009
 Audience Award, Best Feature - Vancouver Queer Film Festival 2009
 Best lesbian movie - The Holebifilmfestival Vlaams-Brabant 2009, Belgium
 Jury award for Best Women's Feature - Tampa International Gay & Lesbian Film Festival 2009
 Best Feature Film - Gay Film Nights International Film Festival 2009

See also
 List of LGBT-related films directed by women

References

External links

  I Can't Think Straight at BBFC
  I Can't Think Straight at BFI

 I Can't Think Straight at Reeltime Creative

2008 films
2008 independent films
2008 LGBT-related films
2008 romantic drama films
British independent films
British LGBT-related films
British romantic drama films
2000s English-language films
Films based on British novels
Films based on romance novels
Films directed by Shamim Sarif
Films set in Jordan
Films set in London
Films shot in London
Lesbian-related films
LGBT-related romantic drama films
2000s British films


Branford High School is a public high school in Branford, Connecticut. As of 2021–22, it has 784 students in grades 9–12.

Its former principal, Edmund Higgins, retired at the end of the 2007–2008 school year.

All students must satisfy 13 performance graduation requirements  in areas such as writing, non-fiction reading, mathematical problem solving, and scientific concepts.

One notable aspect of the school was its "Senior Exhibition" program. Every student had to complete a thorough research project on a topic of his or her choice during senior year. This was presented in front of a panel of judges and is graded on a Pass/Fail system.

Branford High School is a member of the Southern Connecticut Conference, the second largest conference in the state. The school baseball team has won three state championships, in 1999, 2006, and 2009.

The student newspaper is The Branford Buzz, which is an online-only publication.

Notable alumni

 Mike Olt, professional baseball player for the Chicago White Sox.  Formerly with the Red Sox, Texas Rangers and the Chicago Cubs.
Karen Owen, author of a faux thesis that caused a controversy when the document was publicized.
 Jen Toomey Track athlete, American Indoor record holder 1000m, quit track for 10 years after her freshman year.

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Branford, Connecticut
Schools in New Haven County, Connecticut
Public high schools in Connecticut
Educational institutions established in 1928
1928 establishments in Connecticut


A planetarium is a theatre built primarily for presenting educational and entertaining shows about astronomy and the night sky.

Planetarium may also refer to:

Science
 Astrarium, also called a planetarium, a type of astronomical clock
 Orrery, a mechanical model of the Solar System
 Planetarium (Belgium), the planetarium of the Royal Observatory of Belgium, in Brussels
 Planetarium (Copenhagen)

Music
 Planetarium (album), a 2017 album by Sufjan Stevens, Bryce Dessner, Nico Muhly, and James McAlister
 "Planetarium" (Ai Otsuka song), 2005
 "Planetarium" (Bump of Chicken song), 2005
 "Planetarium", a song by Squarepusher from Hello Everything

Other uses
 Planetarium (film), a 2016 French-Belgian film
 Planetarium (board game), a 2017 strategy game
 Planetarium (UTA station), a transit station in Salt Lake City, Utah, US


The Ox Bow Inn and Saloon is an historic hotel in Payson, Arizona. The log inn was built as the Payson Hotel by William and Estlee Wade next to their restaurant, the Busy Bee. The rustic inn borrowed design elements from the Old Faithful Inn, with which Willie Wade was familiar from time spent in Yellowstone National Park. In 1945 the business was taken over and expanded by Jimmy Cox, who renamed the hotel the Ox Bow Inn.

References

External links

 Oxbow Inn and Saloon

Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Arizona
Buildings and structures in Gila County, Arizona
Rustic architecture in Arizona
Hotel buildings completed in 1933
1933 establishments in Arizona
National Register of Historic Places in Gila County, Arizona


Eton Summer Course is a three-week course for Chinese students at Eton College in England. The course has been run every summer since 2005. The aim of the course is to improve students' English and give first-hand exposure to British culture. The course is run by masters of Eton, with students of the school acting as teaching assistants.

The main part of the course is the daily English language classes in small classes to improve students' speaking and listening. To date there has been an average improvement in measured language ability of 25%. The measured improvement goes some way to explaining the popularity of the course, having attracted hundreds of students since 2005.

In addition, extra-curricular activities such as sports and trips to tourist sites are provided. Examples of these trips are to Oxford University, Windsor Castle and London. Other features of the course include public speaking and drama lessons, and lectures about life in the UK.

References

External links
Eton College Summer Course main website
Eton College website

Eton College
Language education in the United Kingdom
Study abroad programs
English-language education
Educational institutions established in 2005
2005 establishments in England


Denmark is an unincorporated community and former city in Madison County, Tennessee, United States roughly 14 miles southwest of Jackson. The zip code is 38391. Although it was once a thriving farming community, a combination of man-made and natural disasters has reduced Denmark to a few remaining houses and the historic antebellum Denmark Presbyterian Church. Due to this, the Denmark municipality charter was revoked in 1983 and is now unincorporated.

History
Denmark was one of the first-settled places in Madison County. The land on which it was incorporated in 1854 was opened by Thomas Sanders in 1822. Presbyterian and Methodist churches were established in the area in 1833 and 1842. By January 1844, the community had been sufficiently populated that the Tennessee General Assembly incorporated an academy for education of white boys. Prior to the Civil War, Denmark flourished and rivaled neighboring Jackson in size.

During the American Civil War, Union soldiers repulsed a Confederate raid near Denmark in the Battle of Britton's Lane in September 1862. Union troops occupied Tennessee from that year to the end of the war.

Following the Civil War, Denmark's economy experienced a pronounced decline because the town was bypassed by all of the railroads built through Madison County. Although its population was about 250 in 1886, Denmark's population declined dramatically in the following decades. On 28 April 1983, its municipal charter was revoked by a chancery court order after the Tennessee legislature passed a statute providing for the forfeiting of charters of any city with a population under 100.

The local high school, chartered in 1885, was merged into South Side High School in Jackson in 1992. The local middle school was disestablished, and its campus was developed for the West Tennessee Regional Training Center. Denmark Elementary is the community's only remaining school.

Destructive weather

Denmark has suffered repeated weather catastrophes that have contributed to the community's decline. A devastating tornado on 14 October 1909, accompanied by a thunderstorm and subsequent fires, inflicted immense damage. Another tornado, in 2003, was as destructive as the one nearly a century before.

Climate
Denmark's climate is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year.  According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Denmark has a Humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

Notable people
 Walt Bond, Negro league baseball player who later moved to the Major League Baseball Cleveland Indians
 John Murrell, a 19th-century horse and slave thief and noted outlaw of the Natchez Trace who had family who lived in Denmark during his imprisonment

In popular culture
Two mystery novels take place in part in a fictional version of Denmark: Such Vicious Minds: A Murder Mystery Featuring Elvis Presley by Daniel Klein, and Something Rotten by Alan Gratz.

References

External links
Big Black Creek Historical Association website
Britton's Lane Battlefield Association
The Life and Adventures of John A. Murrell, the Great Western Land Pirate

1819 establishments in Tennessee
Unincorporated communities in Madison County, Tennessee
Unincorporated communities in Tennessee
Former municipalities in Tennessee


Jeffrey Matthew Ogden (born February 22, 1975) is a former American football wide receiver, kickoff and punt returner in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys, Miami Dolphins and Baltimore Ravens. He played college football at Eastern Washington University.

Early years
Ogden was born with a problem in his foot that led specialists to believe that he would have a permanent limp. He eventually overcame the physical problem and turned into a top-ranked youth gymnast.

He attended Snohomish High School, where he played as wide receiver, quarterback, running back and defensive back in American football. He also lettered in track and basketball.

College career
Following one year spent as a pole vaulter at Clackamas Community College, he walked-on at Eastern Washington University.

As a freshman, he appeared in 4 games, collecting one reception for 4 yards. As a sophomore, he suffered a season-ending back injury after starting the first three games, finishing with 2 receptions for 36 yards. As a junior, he appeared in 10 games, making 10 receptions for 216 yards.

Although he only had 13 receptions going into his senior year, he would start 14 games at wide receiver for the 1997 football team that compiled a 12-2 record, won the Big Sky Conference title and advanced to the semifinals of the Division I-AA playoffs. He led the team with 57 receptions for 1,148 yards (school record) and 13 receiving touchdown]s (tied school record). He also practiced gymnastics.

In 2008, he was named to Eastern Washington's 100-for-100 all-time team, commemorating the best football players in its 100-year history. In 2018, he was inducted into the Eastern Washington Athletics Hall of Fame.

Professional career

Dallas Cowboys
Ogden was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Dallas Cowboys after the 1998 NFL Draft. Ogden got to practice with Cowboy legends including Deion Sanders, Troy Aikman, Michael Irvin, and Emmit Smith. Sanders and Ogden went head-to-head in practice plenty of times, so he was given the nickname "Largent" in reference to Hall of Famer Steve Largent. He ended up making the roster, even though he had a quadriceps injury that sidelined him for 10 practices.

He had some notable preseason performances, but never developed into a consistent wide receiver. In the regular season, he usually was the team's fifth receiver and played mostly on special teams, making 10 tackles (tied for sixth on the team). In 1999, he returned 12 kickoffs for a 21-yard average and made five special teams tackles.

In 2000, he was allocated to the Rhein Fire of NFL Europe, where he ranked fifth in the league with 44 receptions for 635 yards, despite missing the last two games with a sprained right foot. He also had 7 touchdowns, while helping the team finish with the league's best record (7-3) and  winning World Bowl 2000. He returned to the Cowboys with the sprained foot and later injured the left one, which caused him to miss most of training camp. On August 22, he was traded to the Miami Dolphins in exchange for a seventh round draft choice, which the team later used to select Pete Hunter.

Miami Dolphins
In 2000, he reunited with offensive coordinator Chan Gailey, who was his head coach with the Dallas Cowboys and also found a niche as a returner. Against the Green Bay Packers, he returned a punt for an 81-yard touchdown, the third-longest punt return in team history. He also finished the season with a league leading and franchise single-season record 17-yard punt return average. In 2001, his 11.8-yard punt return average ranked eighth in the NFL.

On September 1, 2002, he was waived after being passed on the depth chart by Albert Johnson. He left as the Dolphins' all-time team leader in punt return average (13.7-yard) and third all-time in punt return yards (700 yards).

Baltimore Ravens
On September 10, 2002, he was signed as a free agent by the Baltimore Ravens to play on special teams. He appeared in 3 games and was declared inactive in 10, while sharing punt return duties with Chris McAlister. He wasn't re-signed at the end of the season.

Ogden's most productive season as a wide receiver was in 1999, when he caught 12 passes for 144 yards in 10 games. He caught his only touchdown reception in 2001. He ended his professional career playing in 67 games, registering 28 receptions for 304 yards and one touchdown.

Personal life
He owns a gym in Pittsburgh. He was an assistant coach in NFL Europe and at Duquesne University. Ogden appeared in seasons 7 and 8 of the Bravo show The Millionaire Matchmaker, where he sought a date.

Ogden published his first and only book (an autobiography) on December 1, 2021, titled Tackle Life Head On. The book covers symptoms common to chronic traumatic encephalopathy including memory loss, sleep deprivation, and mental illness. He stated that the book was originally written for his daughter, so she can know about his life before he himself forgets about it.

References

1975 births
Living people
People from Snohomish, Washington
Players of American football from Snohomish County, Washington
American football return specialists
American football wide receivers
Eastern Washington Eagles football players
Dallas Cowboys players
Rhein Fire players
Miami Dolphins players
Baltimore Ravens players
Duquesne Dukes football coaches


The Battle of Britton's Lane occurred September 1, 1862, near the village of Denmark in rural Madison County, Tennessee, during the American Civil War.

Ordered to raid north from Mississippi by Maj. Gen. Sterling Price, commanding the Army of the West, thus to prevent Ulysses S. Grant's reinforcing Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell in Tennessee, Brig. Gen. Frank C. Armstrong's cavalry brigade struck Col. Elias S. Dennis's Federal force of two cavalry troops, a battery and two infantry regiments. After four hours, in which they suffered heavy losses while taking 213 prisoners, and two field pieces, the raiders withdrew, their mission accomplished.

References

 Britton Lane American Battlefield Trust

External links
 Britton's Lane Battlefield Association  Retrieved: 2008-11-04.
 Big Black Creek Historical Association Website Retrieved: 2011-10-08.

Britton's Lane
Britton's Lane
Britton's Lane
Madison County, Tennessee
1862 in the American Civil War
1862 in Tennessee
September 1862 events


The 122nd Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is coterminous with Carbon County and has been represented by Doyle Heffley since 2011.

Representatives

McCall did not seek re-election in 2010. Republicans won numerous Democratic seats in Pennsylvania in 2010, including Keith McCall's.

On November 4, 2008, Keith McCall won re-election to the 122nd District seat of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He received 16,981 votes, defeating Republican Doyle Heffley (9,549).[2]

Recent election results

References

External links
District Map from the United States Census Bureau
Pennsylvania House Legislative District Maps from the Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission.
Population Date for District 45 from the Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission.

Government of Carbon County, Pennsylvania
122


Marie Maxime Cornu (July 16, 1843, in Orléans – April 3, 1901 in Paris) was a French botanist and mycologist. He was a younger brother of physicist Alfred Cornu (1841-1902).

He studied at the École normale supérieure, and in 1872 received his doctorate in natural sciences. He served as aide-naturaliste at Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, where from 1876 he worked as a lecturer of botany. From 1884 to 1901 he was chair of horticulture at the museum. In 1897 he was named president of the Société botanique de France.

He is remembered for his research of cryptogams, as well as his investigations involving agents of plant diseases, in particular Phylloxera vastatrix, a pest that caused extensive damage to French vineyards and negatively affected wine production. In 1896 he circumscribed the botanical genus Schoenlandia (family Tecophilaeaceae).

Selected publications
 Monographie des Saprolégniées 1872 – Monograph on Saprolegniaceae.
 Études sur la nouvelle maladie de la vigne, 1875 – Studies on a new disease of the vine.
 Études sur le phylloxera vastatrix, 1878 – Studies on Phylloxera vastatrix.

See also
 List of Chairs of the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle

References
 Psyche- Journal of Entomology, Nervous System and Salivary Glands of Phylloxera

19th-century French botanists
French mycologists
Scientists from Orléans
1843 births
1901 deaths


NZV8 is a monthly automotive magazine and website that focuses on V8 cars, car clubs and the related culture predominantly in New Zealand, but also Australia and the USA.

The magazine's readership was 96,000 in 2011. It was the third automotive magazine to be published by Parkside Media, the other two being NZ Performance Car and NZ Classic Car.

NZV8'''s offices are in Grey Lynn, Auckland, New Zealand. The magazine's tagline was originally Feel the power. It was changed in issue 32 (January 2008) to NZ's top circuit, strip and street machines.Content

As of the December 2008 issue (#43), the typical magazine contents include:

Feature car reviews
Event overviews (such as drag racing, V8 Supercars, car club meets, etc.)
New car and car tuner news from around the world
Driver interviews (for example Andy Booth)
Editor and contributor columns
Scale model reviews
Book reviews
Events calendar
Drag racing records
Readers’ letters

Website
Daily news articles are available weekdays which are additional to magazine content. Full magazine articles are available from previous issues, often including additional photos and information (including videos) that could not be fitted into the magazine. Some writers run blogs on the website, and a forum is run as a subsite to encourage user interaction.

Users can purchase books related to muscle cars, Pony cars, V8s and motorsport, as well as back issues and subscriptions in the online shop.

Online games
Jetsprint Legends is the first game in the world to feature jet boat racing on New Zealand's jet boat tracks.

Television
The inaugural season of NZV8 TV was broadcast in 2009 over 13 weeks as a part of Powerbuilt Tools Motorsport on TV1, Sunday afternoons.

Editorial staff
Editor Todd Wylie was former assistant editor of NZ Performance Car magazine.

Notable contributors
V8 Supercar driver Jason Richards has a monthly column. New Zealand V8s driver Andy Booth presents NZV8 TV.

Government policy
Like its sister publication NZ Classic Car NZV8'' has supported various parties in lobbying Land Transport NZ for easing rules on car modification, frontal impact laws for low volume vehicle certification and steering systems. It is recognised by the V8 industry as working for their benefit.

Awards
Publisher Greg Vincent received the Meguiar's Collector's Car Person of the Year Award.

References

External links
Official Website
Roadside Assistance
Insights on Brakes & Tires

Automotive websites
Automobile magazines
Mass media in Auckland
Magazines established in 2005
Magazines published in New Zealand
2005 establishments in New Zealand
Automotive industry in New Zealand
Monthly magazines published in New Zealand


Nakdong River Victory Memorial Hall , also known as Nakdong River Battle Museum, is a small museum built inside the Apsan Park to commemorate the soldiers and civilians killed during the Korean War at a battle that raged near the Nakdong River. The grounds around the museum are scattered with vintage tanks and airplanes from the Korean War. Built in 1979 the museum has two floors with exhibits from the Korean War and other significant eras in Korea's past. Other areas within the museum pay tribute to those that died in both natural and man-made disasters in Korea's past.

See also
Battle of Naktong Bulge
Environment of South Korea
Nakdong River

References

External links
Official site, in Korean
Life in Korea

Museums in Daegu
Military and war museums in South Korea


Of the four new Kodak models announced at PMA 2007, the entry point looks to be the Kodak EasyShare C613, a six megapixel camera with Kodak-branded 3x optical zoom lens, 2.4" LCD, and 10MB of built-in memory. Other features of the Kodak C613 include USB connectivity, an [SD / MMC card slot], and power from two AA batteries (with alkaline disposables in the product bundle).

EasyShare C613 shooting modes include digital IS, auto, SCN, video, close-up and favorites. Available scene modes include portrait, night portrait, landscape, night landscape, closeup, sports, snow, beach, text/document, backlight, museum/manner, fireworks, high ISO, children, flower, self-portrait, sunset and candlelight. The C613's top ISO sensitivity is rated at 1,250.

C613 movies are recorded in QuickTime MPEG4 format with audio, available in VGA (640 x 480) at 15 frame/s and QVGA (320 x 240) at 30 frame/s quality settings, with lengths up to 80 minutes based on memory capacity.

References

C613


Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus was a man of Roman Senatorial rank who lived in the Roman Empire in the 2nd century.

Cornutus was the son of Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus and Plancia Magna. His paternal grandparents were the Proconsul and Suffect Consul Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus and possibly Tertulla. While his maternal grandparents were the Roman Senator and Proconsul Marcus Plancius Varus and Herodian Princess Julia. His family were prominent citizens and patrons in Perga.

Cornutus was of Roman, Jewish, Nabataean, Edomite, Greek, Armenian and Persian ancestry. Through his maternal grandmother, Cornutus' ancestors were King Archelaus of Cappadocia, King of Judea Herod the Great and his wife Mariamne. Cornutus along with his mother, maternal uncle Gaius Plancius Varus and his maternal relatives were among the last known descendants of the Herodian Dynasty. He appeared to be an apostate to Judaism. It is unlikely that Cornutus attempted to exert influence on Judean Politics. He was born and raised in Perga, the capital of the Roman province of Pamphylia.

In the Agora in Perga, the local government in Perga had dedicated and honored Cornutus with an inscription on a statue base. This inscription honors Cornutus and his family. Cornutus and his ancestors are highly praised as the benefactors of Perga and the inscription states how lawful, considerable and rewarding citizens they were. This inscriptions reveals how prominent he and his family were and shows the respect that the citizens of Perga had for Cornutus and his family.

Sources

2nd-century Romans
Senators of the Roman Empire
Herodian dynasty
Plancius Varus Cornutus, Gaius
People from Roman Anatolia
Plancii


On 4 November 2008 an official Mexican Secretariat of the Interior aircraft crashed in central Mexico City at around 18:45 local time. There were sixteen fatalities—all nine people on board and seven people on the ground. The plane, a Learjet 45, was carrying Mexican Secretary of the Interior Juan Camilo Mouriño.

The plane crashed in rush-hour traffic close to the intersection of Paseo de la Reforma and the Anillo Periférico, in the Las Lomas business district. During its approach to Mexico City International Airport, the plane followed a Boeing 767 too closely and encountered wake turbulence which caused it to invert into a nose-down position. The pilots were able to reduce the angle of descent, but due to excessive speed and insufficient altitude, were unable to regain control of the aircraft. The plane crashed into a building, exploding on impact and killing 16 people.

Details

The Secretariat of the Interior-owned Learjet 45 (registration XC-VMC) left Ponciano Arriaga International Airport in San Luis Potosí and was  short of landing at Mexico City International Airport when it crashed. The crash occurred at 18:45 in the middle of rush-hour traffic of the Las Lomas business district, causing an explosion whose flames "reached higher than the buildings". According to Secretary of Communications and Transport Luis Téllez, there were no survivors. Téllez also stated that the crash appeared to be an accident.

The crash set multiple cars and a newsstand on fire and injured at least 40 people. Body parts were reported to be scattered around the wreckage.

Deaths
All 9 people on board and a further 7 people on the ground were killed. Among the dead were Secretary of the Interior Juan Camilo Mouriño, top aide to President Felipe Calderón, and José Luis Santiago Vasconcelos, former assistant attorney general.

Government response

After the crash, President Calderón addressed the nation live on national television. He spoke of Mouriño as one of his closest friends and collaborators and conveyed his condolences to the family. He stated that Mouriño was a man who always fought to make Mexico a better country and he guaranteed the nation that there would be an investigation into the causes behind the plane crash. Calderón encouraged Mexican men and women to continue fighting for a better country no matter how difficult or painful any event may be.

Marcelo Ebrard, Head of Government of the Federal District, also conveyed his condolences to Mouriño's family assured that Mexico City's government would issue a statement to the nation regarding the issue. Ebrard later said that the Mexico City government would give financial aid to all of the injured receiving medical care, irrespective of whether they had been admitted to private or public hospitals. He also said that the local authorities had handed over all recordings taken by surveillance video cameras to the federal attorney general, along with all witness accounts that local police gathered.

Several other political figures made statements regarding the crash, including various senators from the Institutional Revolutionary Party and Germán Martínez, leader of the ruling National Action Party. A group of senators from different political parties asked the Attorney General of Mexico to investigate the accident.

Results of investigation
The jet's black boxes were sent to the United States for analysis. Information gathered from 38 minutes of cabin conversations, along with video footage from a security camera on top of the Omega Office Building, provided evidence for an official statement by the Mexican government that the crash was the result of pilot error. The Learjet was ruled to have been flying too close to a Boeing 767-300ER operated by Mexicana and as a result suffered violent wake turbulence caused by the larger jet. The minimum allowable distance for a lighter plane following behind a heavier plane is ; the Learjet was only  behind the Mexicana plane.

Investigations into the accident discovered several issues with the Mexican government's use of private contractors as pilots of government aircraft.

Several key elements of the accident emerged during the investigation:
 Pilot Martín Olíva and co-pilot Álvaro Sánchez were not certified to operate the Learjet 45. The investigation concluded that both pilots had received fraudulent certifications: Captain Olíva lied about the number of training flights he had made, and had issues on the few training flights he did complete, while Captain Sánchez lied about being a Learjet 45 instructor. Both men had taken advantage of a corrupt system to get false training documents and some unsigned Learjet 45 certification forms from their flight schools. These revelations led Mexican authorities to suspend the licences of both flight schools.
 The descent profile showed that the improperly trained pilots approached the airport with an inconsistent descent angle. The plane descended rapidly and then leveled off in a stepped approach to the airport. The plane did not slow down to the required speed dictated by the air traffic controller, which brought the plane closer to the Mexicana 767-300.
 Conversation among the flight crew further indicates that they had little familiarity with the operation of the plane; they voiced confusion on several occasions about the cockpit instruments and failed to enter the proper information into the flight computers, did not follow a proper flight plan, and had navigational difficulties, missing their original arrival to San Luis Potosí by over . Further, their in-flight conversations were more of the nature of people driving a car, not of trained pilots following a proper flight plan.
 The flight crew waited over a minute to follow the order from air traffic control to reduce their speed. The Learjet had been traveling at , while the Mexicana 767-300 was flying at ; this caused the Learjet to get too close to the 767-300.
The accident happened during peak hours at the airport with heavy air traffic, which called into question the handling and scheduling of flight plans for top government officials.
 The accident happened just at the point where aircraft entering Mexico City traveling on a 170° course (south-southeast) make a sharp left turn to align with the runways of Benito Juárez International Airport at 53° (northeast). When the Learjet reached the turning point, too close behind the Mexicana 767-300, and making a steep descent that dropped it through the violent wake turbulence, it caused the plane to invert into a nose-down attitude. At this point, the plane was within  of the ground, limiting the room to enact a recovery.
 The weather at the time of the accident was calm, which sustained the wake turbulence.
 Due to the flight crew being unqualified for the plane, when faced with the conditions regarding the airspeed, inverted nose-down position, and insufficient altitude, they were unable to regain control of the plane. Though it was too late to make any difference, and too marginal to be meaningful, the flight crew did manage to reduce the angle of descent from 45° to 40° before hitting the ground at over .

Dramatization
The accident and subsequent investigation were featured in Season 14 – Episode 8 of documentary series Mayday. The episode was titled "Inner City Carnage" in the United Kingdom and Australia and "Accident or Assassination" in the United States and Canada.

There has been controversy and conspiracy theories due to the nature of the crash and whether if it had any relation to the drug-trafficking world (suggesting it was crashed on purpose) and, relating it to the corruption within governmental institutions. One uses as evidence the fact that a helicopter, with registration XA-JSL flew a mere 600m from the Learjet that day according to the Secretary of Communications and Transportation and Luis Téllez, without any problems whatsoever from the wake turbulence.

See also
Air Caribbean Flight 309
 Aeroflot Flight 593
United Airlines Flight 2885
2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash, an accident where pilots who did not complete training made many mistakes.
American Airlines Flight 587, an accident where poor training caused the pilot to overreact to wake turbulence from a Boeing 747 that had taken off ahead of them.
Tatarstan Airlines Flight 363, an accident in which the captain used fake credentials to get his license and both pilots being poorly trained.

References

External links
 Press conference transcript of final report
 Final report of crash (Archive)

2008 in Mexico
Accidents and incidents involving the Learjet 45 family
Aviation accidents and incidents in 2008
Aviation accidents and incidents in Mexico
History of Mexico City
November 2008 events in Mexico
Aviation accidents and incidents caused by wake turbulence
Paseo de la Reforma
Disasters in Mexico City
2008 disasters in Mexico


Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus was a Roman senator who was active during the late 1st and early 2nd centuries. He is best known as the older friend of Pliny the Younger, with whom Cornutus was suffect consul for the nundinium of September to October 100.

Family
How Cornutus is related to other known Romans of his time is unclear. Older authorities note that the one inscription that preserves his full name is missing the middle of the relevant line, and conclude from the name of his son, Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus, that Cornutus' full name may be Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus Tertullus. This would imply that he is somehow related to Marcus Plancius Varus, a citizen of Perga, who was proconsular governor of Bithynia and Pontus. Further, at least one authority believes Julia Tertulla is his daughter. However, Julia Tertulla married Lucius Julius Marinus Caecilius Simplex, who was suffect consul in 101, which indicates either Julia was married at a very young age, or would be better considered Cornutus' sister. Further, Olli Salomies reports an unpublished inscription that proves Cornutus' wife was Plancia Magna (which explains how that element entered their son's name), and the full name of their son.

Senatorial career
His career can be reconstructed from an inscription found in Tuscany. There is no information about which board Cornutus Tertullus served on as a member of the vigintiviri, so it may be possible he missed that office in his cursus honorum. The first office Cornutus is recorded as holding was urban quaestor, which was followed by aedile as he proceeded through the traditional republican magistracies, before being adlected as a praetor by Vespasian and Titus, likely during their censorship of AD 73/74. The specific reason that Cornutus received this promotion is not recorded; examining the evidence, George W. Houston could find no evidence of how he aided the Flavian cause during the Year of Four Emperors or the following year. One must be content with Suetonius' report that Vespasian found the Senate "weakened by frequent murders and longstanding neglect" and convinced that Cornutus was one of "the most eligible Italian and provincial candidates available."

With praetorian rank, Cornutus held two further offices, first as legate to the proconsular governor of Crete and Cyrenaica, then as governor of the public province of Gallia Narbonensis.

A gap of roughly twenty years follows. Cornutus could have quickly served in both of the offices mentioned during the reign of Vespasian, who died in the year 79; the next office Cornutus held was prefect of the aerarium Saturni from 98 to 100, with the Younger Pliny as his colleague. This gap spans the reign of Domitian. It is possible that Cornutus was out of favor with this suspicious Emperor, but Pliny supplies the answer: in his Panegyric to Trajan, Pliny notes that Cornutus declined to promote himself to the Emperor, thus refusing to hold offices during that Emperor's reign.

After Cornutus completed his service at the aerarium Saturni, he advanced to the office of suffect consul, which he also held with Pliny. Following this, Pliny's letters show that Cornutus was active in the Senate, taking part in the trial of Marius Priscus for mismanagement while proconsul of Africa, and defending Publicius Certus when Pliny prosecuted the former delator or informer. He was appointed curator Via Aemilia, an achievement Pliny excitedly reported to his friend Paternus the moment he learns of it. After this, Cornutus was tasked with conducting a census in Gallia Aquitania, which was followed with governorship of Bithynia and Pontus between 112 and 115. The acme of his career was when Cornutus was proconsular governor of Asia in 116/117.

The date of his death is unknown. If we assume Cornutus was around 30 when adlected as praetor (the legal age one held that magistracy) in 73/74, he would have been in his seventies when he concluded his term in Roman Asia, so it is likely Cornutus died not long after that.

References

Senators of the Roman Empire
Suffect consuls of Imperial Rome
Roman governors of Gallia Narbonensis
Roman governors of Bithynia and Pontus
1st-century Romans
2nd-century Romans
Cornutus, Gaius Tertullus
Plancii


The Eastern View High School (EVHS) is a public high school located in rural Culpeper County, Virginia, in the United States. The school shares its district with Culpeper County High School (CCHS). The school was built in 2008, and now holds around 1,200 students.

History
The construction for Eastern View High School began in 2006 and was completed in 2008. Eastern View High School is designed to be a green school. The plant recycles non-consumable water. The facility also utilizes natural light by providing a network of windows in both outside and inside walls. The school recycles paper, plastic, aluminum, and cardboard. On the school grounds are a rain garden and a small area of wetlands. The principal of Eastern View High School is Nathan Bopp.

Academic opportunities
In addition to courses on the EVHS campus, students can apply to participate in specialized programs that meet at off-campus locations. A cohort of EVHS students attend Mountain Vista Governor's School to take advanced math, science, humanities, and research courses once they enter their sophomore, junior, and senior years. Additionally, through a partnership with Germanna Community College students are offered the opportunity to enroll in Germanna Scholars, the successful completion of the Germanna Scholars program allows students to earn an associate degree prior to high school graduation.

References

External links
Eastern View High School Home Page

Schools in Culpeper County, Virginia
Educational institutions established in 2008
Public high schools in Virginia
2008 establishments in Virginia


Julia Tertulla was a Roman woman who lived in the 1st century and 2nd century in the Roman Empire. Tertulla was the daughter of suffect consul Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus and the identity of her mother is unknown. Tertulla was born and raised in Perga, the capital of the Roman province of Pamphylia. She was the paternal aunt to Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus.

She married Lucius Julius Marinus Caecilius Simplex, a Roman Senator. He was Proconsul of Lycia et Pamphylia from 96-98 and served as a consul in 101 during the reign of the Roman Emperor Trajan in Rome. In the city of Tlos, Lycia there is an honorary inscription dedicated to her as the wife of Caecilius Simplex. This dedication was most probably done when her husband served as a legatus Augusti in that province.

Sources
Shelagh Jameson, "Cornutus Tertullus and the Plancii of Perge", Journal of Roman Studies, 55 (1965), pp. 54-58
Jones, Brian W. (1992). The Emperor Domitian, Routledge

People from Roman Anatolia
1st-century Roman women
2nd-century Roman women
Tertulla


Stephen F. Paul (November 13, 1953 – September 15, 2012) was a physicist at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory at Princeton University.  He created and patented the P-series fuels, a new, liquid, renewable, non-petroleum gasoline formulation.  He was in the process of converting an unused sludge plant in Trenton, NJ to process organic waste for fuel before he died.

He lived in New Jersey with his wife. He had three grown children.

He had a BS from Cornell University and received his master's degree and PhD from Columbia University.

See also
P-series fuels

References

External links
 Focuses on P-series environmentally safe fuel developed by the author.
Stephen F. Paul (Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory website)
"Stephen F. Paul Obituary - Columbia University"

1953 births
2012 deaths
Cornell University alumni
American physicists


The 123rd Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is in Northeastern Pennsylvania and has been represented by Timothy Twardzik since 2021.

District profile
The 123rd Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Schuylkill County and includes the following areas:

 Ashland (Schuylkill County Portion)
 Blythe Township
 Branch Township
 Butler Township
 Cass Township
 Cressona
 East Norwegian Township
 Frackville
 Gilberton
 Girardville
 Gordon
 Mechanicsville
 Middleport

 Minersville
 Mount Carbon
 New Castle Township
 New Philadelphia
 North Manheim Township
 Norwegian Township
 Palo Alto
 Port Carbon
 Pottsville
 Schuylkill Haven
 St. Clair
 Wayne Township
 West Mahanoy Township

Representatives

Recent election results

References

External links
District map from the United States Census Bureau
Pennsylvania House Legislative District Maps from the Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission.
Population Data for District 123 from the Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission.

Government of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
123


Gaius Julius Cornutus Bryonianus was a Roman who lived in the 1st century in the Roman Empire. Bryonianus originally came from Perga, the capital of the Roman province of Pamphylia. Bryonianus could have been related to a certain Bryonianus Lollianus, a local man of Equestrian Rank from Side, Pamphylia.

Bryonianus served as an Agonothetes (magistrate of games) during the Varian Games in Perga. He had built a large, prestigious palace where he lived. The palace was built near the baths in Perga and its remains are still there.

Bryonianus in the reign of Roman Emperor Claudius (41-54), had built Perga's Palaestra. The monument measures 76 x 76 meters and Bryonianus dedicated this building and its inscription to Claudius. The Palaestra's structure has been preserved well. In the reign of Roman Emperor Nero (54-68) Bryonianus did a bilingual (see Multilingualism) dedication to Nero.

Bryonianus could have married a Roman woman called Tertulla. From this marriage, he had a son called Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus a future proconsul, suffect consul and a friend to historian Pliny the Younger.

Sources

Shelagh Jameson, "Cornutus Tertullus and the Plancii of Perge", Journal of Roman Studies, 55 (1965), pp. 54–58

People from Roman Anatolia
1st-century Romans
Cornutus Bryonianus, Gaius


Hyssopus officinalis or hyssop is a shrub in the Lamiaceae or mint family native to Southern Europe, the Middle East, and the region surrounding the Caspian Sea. Due to its purported properties as an antiseptic, cough reliever, and expectorant, it has been used in traditional herbal medicine.

Description
Hyssop is a brightly coloured shrub or subshrub that ranges from  in height. The stem is woody at the base, from which grow a number of upright branches. Its leaves are lanceolate, dark green, and from  long.

During the summer, hyssop produces pink, blue (ssp. aristadus), or, more rarely, white fragrant (ssp. f. albus)  flowers. These give rise to small oblong tetra-achenes.

History

A plant called hyssop has been in use since classical antiquity. Its name is a direct adaptation from the Greek ὕσσωπος (). The Hebrew word אזוב (ezov, esov, or esob) and the Greek word ὕσσωπος probably share a common (but unknown) origin. The name hyssop appears as a translation of ezov in some translations of the Bible, notably in : "Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean", but researchers have suggested that the Biblical accounts refer not to the plant currently known as hyssop but rather to one of a number of different herbs, including Origanum syriacum (Syrian oregano, commonly referred to as "bible hyssop").  mentions that 'ezov' was a small plant and some scholars believe it was a wall plant. It was burned with the red heifer () and used for purification of lepers  (, ; ), and at Passover it was used to sprinkle the blood of the sacrificial lamb on the doorposts (). A sponge attached to a hyssop branch was used to give Jesus on the cross a drink of vinegar.

Suggestions abound for the modern day correlation of biblical hyssop ranging from a wall plant like moss or fern, to widely used culinary herbs like thyme, rosemary or marjoram. Another suggestion is the caper plant which is known to grow in the rocky soils of the region and along walls.

Hyssop was also used for purgation (religious purification) in Egypt, where, according to Chaeremon the Stoic, the priests used to eat it with bread in order to purify this type of food and make it suitable for their austere diet.

Cultivation
Hyssop is resistant to drought, and tolerant of chalky, sandy soils. It thrives in full sun and warm climates.

Cultivars include 'Blue Flower'.

Harvest
Under optimal weather conditions, herb hyssop is harvested twice yearly, once at the end of spring and once more at the beginning of autumn. The plants are preferably harvested when flowering in order to collect the flowering tips.

Once the stalks are cut, they are collected and dried either stacked on pallets to allow for draining or hung to dry. The actual drying process takes place in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, where the materials are mixed several times to ensure even drying. Drying herbs are kept from exposure to the sun to prevent discoloration and oxidation. The drying process takes approximately six days in its entirety. Once dried, the leaves are removed and both components, leaves and flowers, are chopped finely. The final dried product weighs a third of the initial fresh weight and can be stored for up to 18 months.

Essential oil
The essential oil includes the chemicals thujone and phenol, which give it antiseptic properties. Its high concentrations of thujone and chemicals that stimulate the central nervous system, including pinocamphone and cineole, can provoke epileptic reactions. The oil of hyssop can cause seizures and even low doses (2–3 drops) can cause convulsions in children.

Uses

Culinary
The fresh herb is commonly used in cooking. Za'atar is a famous Middle Eastern herbal mixture, some versions of which include dried hyssop leaves.

Essence of hyssop can be obtained by steaming, and is used in cooking to a lesser extent.

The plant is commonly used by beekeepers to produce nectar from which western honey bees make a rich and aromatic honey.

Herb hyssop leaves are used as an aromatic condiment. The leaves have a lightly bitter taste due to its tannins, and an intense minty aroma. Due to its intensity, it is used moderately in cooking. The herb is also used to flavor liqueur, and is part of the official formulation of Chartreuse. It is also a key ingredient in many formulations of absinthe, where it is the main source of the green colour.

Herbal medicine
In herbal medicine hyssop is believed to have soothing, expectorant, and cough suppressant properties. Hyssop has been used for centuries in traditional medicine in order to increase circulation and to treat multiple conditions such as coughing and sore throat. Hyssop can stimulate the gastrointestinal system.

Gallery

References

External links

Herbs
Lamiaceae
Medicinal plants
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Flora of the Mediterranean Basin
Mediterranean cuisine


The Philosopher's Pupil is a 1983 novel by the British writer and philosopher Iris Murdoch. It is set in a small English spa town called Ennistone.

Main characters

 George McCaffrey---George, 44 years old, was a pupil of John Robert Rozanov, the philosopher. After changing from philosophy to history and archaeology, he had entered the museum and archive world but published nothing except A Short History of the Ennistone Museum. He married Stella; their son, Rufus, died in an unexplained "mishap."
 Stella McCaffrey--- George's wife.
 Brian McCaffrey--- George's brother, age 41.
 Gabriel McCaffrey--- Brian's wife.
 Adam McCaffrey--- Gabriel and Brian's son, age 8.
 Zed--- Adam's small Papillon dog.
 Alex McCaffrey--- George and Brian's mother, age 66.
 Tom McCaffrey--- Alex's stepson, George and Brian's younger half-brother, age 20.
 John Robert Rozanov--- the philosopher.
 Hattie Meynell--- John Robert's granddaughter.
 Ruby Doyle--- Alex's long-time maid; a gipsy.
 Diane Sedleigh--- George's mistress and Ruby's sister or cousin (no one knows).
 Pearl Scotney--- Hattie's maid and companion, also related to Ruby and Diane.
 Emmanuel (Emma) Scarlett-Taylor--- Tom's friend.
 (Father) Bernard Jacoby--- Known as the creepy priest. Many view him with suspicion.
 N. --- The narrator and a minor character. He plays a tangential role in the story multiple times.

Plot
George McCaffrey cannot understand why his long-ago philosophy professor told him to pick another field of study. But that professor, John Robert Rozanov, is returning to Ennistone where George lives, giving George the chance to ask him and finally understand. John Robert, the only famous person to have originated from Ennistone, will have none of it, simply telling George "you weren't good enough" and bringing the conversation to a close as quickly as he can, given George's desperate attempts to continue. John Robert has returned to Ennistone for an entirely different purpose, indeed one that disincentivizes further effort at socially graceful tolerance of George's neuroses. George is simultaneously a focus of town suspicion, as he was recently involved in a mysterious car crash that may have been an attempt to kill his wife, Stella.

As a part of his purpose, John Robert wishes to arrange the future of his granddaughter Hattie Meynell, without her knowledge, by encouraging Tom McCaffrey, George's younger step brother, to woo Hattie, and then to marry her. But during their first meeting, when Tom clumsily lets on that his meeting request was not entirely the result of his own initiative and interest in Hattie, she reacts with hurt and anger. Through a sequence of plot twists, Tom finds himself trapped deep beneath the spa for which Ennistone is famous. As in many Murdoch novels, this physical struggle for survival parallels the characters' struggle to resolve their complex, interwoven emotional issues.

References

Further reading
Mohsen Hamli: "A Guide to Iris Murdoch's The Philosopher's Pupil" (2003).

External links
 Review of The Philosopher's Pupil by Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, The New York Times, 29 June 1983.

1983 British novels
Novels by Iris Murdoch
Chatto & Windus books


Aridarum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. All of the known species in this genus are rheophytic and are endemic to the Island of Borneo. The plant is aquatic and has willow-shaped leaves that are able to take strong currents without sustaining damage.

Species
Aridarum borneense (M.Hotta) Bogner & A.Hay - Sarawak
Aridarum burttii Bogner & Nicolson -  Sarawak
Aridarum caulescens M.Hotta - Sarawak, Brunei
Aridarum crassum S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak
Aridarum incavatum H.Okada & Y.Mori - Borneo
Aridarum minimum H.Okada - Borneo
Aridarum montanum Ridl. - Sarawak
Aridarum nicolsonii Bogner - Sarawak, West Kalimantan
Aridarum purseglovei (Furtado) M.Hotta - Sarawak
Aridarum rostratum Bogner & A.Hay - West Kalimantan

References

Aroideae
Araceae genera
Endemic flora of Borneo