Robert Mensch (born August 27, 1945) is an American politician. A Republican, served as a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate representing the 24th district from 2009 to 2022. He previously served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, where he represented the 147th legislative district.

Biography
Mensch attended Valley Forge Military Academy and College on a music scholarship. He worked for 27 years as a general manager at AT&T and later for ARBROS Communications as a National Sales Director. He then served as a Marlborough Township Supervisor from 2004 through 2006. He is the co-founder of the Unami Watershed Conservancy and chairman of the Upper Perkiomen Valley Regional Planning Commission.

PA State Senate
On July 28, 2009, State Senator Rob Wonderling retired from his seat in the 24th district in order to assume the presidency of the Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce. Mensch announced his intention to seek the Republican nomination for the special election as soon as Wonderling announced his plans. With Montgomery County Commissioner and former District Attorney Bruce Castor and former State Representative Jay Moyer withdrawing their names, Mensch had a clear path to the nomination that he received on August 6.

On September 29, Mensch defeated Democratic Lansdale Borough Council member Anne Henning Scheuring with 66% of the vote. In the 2010 general election he defeated Democrat Bill Wallace with 60% of the vote.

Senator Mensch was elected by his Republican colleagues to serve as Majority Caucus Chairman, a leadership position, for the 2019-2020 legislative session. As chairman he presides over Republican caucus meetings to discuss bills and amendments and to develop caucus strategy. He serves as Vice Chairman of the Veterans Affairs and Emergency Preparedness Committee and sits on the influential Senate Appropriations Committee. In addition, the Senator is a member of four additional committees: Health and Human Services; Game and Fisheries; Aging and Youth; and Labor & Industry. He co-chairs the bipartisan Senate Life Science Caucus, Economy, Business and Jobs Caucus, and the Community College Caucus. He also chairs the Legislative Budget and Finance Committee, which conducts studies and makes recommendations aimed at eliminating unnecessary government spending.

Senator Mensch sponsored Senate Bill 358, now Act 86 of 2013, which requires certified FDA facilities to provide patients with information regarding their breast density.

He also sponsored Senate Bill 181, now Act 48 of 2017, which requires all departments and agencies to justify their budget requests beginning with dollar one, for all existing as well as proposed programs for each fiscal year, before they can receive consideration for budget funding.

In October 2021, Mensch announced he would retire at the conclusion of his term.

References

External links
  official PA Senate website

1945 births
Living people
People from Pennsburg, Pennsylvania
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Republican Party Pennsylvania state senators
AT&T people
American telecommunications industry businesspeople
21st-century American politicians
Valley Forge Military Academy and College alumni


Little Ironies: Stories of Singapore is a collection of seventeen short stories by Singapore author Catherine Lim.  It was first published in 1978, in Singapore, by Heinemann under the Writing in Asia Series and earned for the writer much accolades. It is Lim's first published book of fiction. Little Ironies was later used as a set text for GCE 'N' Levels.

In 2015, Little Ironies: Stories of Singapore was selected by The Business Times as one of the Top 10 English Singapore books from 1965–2015, alongside titles by Arthur Yap and Daren Shiau. In the same year, The Straits Times''' Akshita Nanda selected Little Ironies as one of 10 classic Singapore books. "Catherine Lim's early short, sharp fiction describes the results of such social engineering", she wrote, "a Singapore growing more cosmopolitan and Singaporeans losing touch with their roots. Little Ironies'' spotlights ordinary people at their best and worst, such as 'The Taximan's Story', in which a cab driver is happy to make money off sex workers while looking down on them."

In 2018, the book was included in the syllabus for literature for both GCE 'O' Levels and 'A' Levels.

Works about Little Ironies

References

1978 short story collections
Singaporean short story collections
Heinemann (publisher) books


Grant Normington (born 9 May 1990) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder from 2008 until 2011.

His natural position is on the right side of midfield, although he has been known to play as a right back. Normington played as a professional for Grimsby Town between 2008 and 2010. He went on to have spells with Frickley Athletic and Hall Road Rangers.

Career

Grimsby Town
Grant began his career with Grimsby Town and was added to the first team squad during the 2007–08 season by Alan Buckley and was offered a new contract for the following season. He made his debut for the club under Mike Newell as he came on as a substitute for James Hunt in the 82nd minute of the club's 0–0 away draw with Exeter City. Normington was then given a new two-year contract on 28 November 2008 by the club after impressing since the arrival of the new manager.

In an interview to the Grimsby Telegraph on 9 December Normington commented at his relief at his chances under the new manager, stating that Alan Buckley failed to help him in his career.

"The feedback from the gaffer has been positive.

"When the old manager was here, he didn't talk to me as much and didn't help me out as much.

"Alan Buckley didn't really give me a chance - not even a sniff.

"I wasn't even on the bench sometimes - even when there were seven subs in the cup, he named just six.

"Since Mike Newell got here, he has been great with me.

"He helps me and tells me my chance will come and this contract backs that up."

On 23 October 2009 Normington joined Frickley Athletic on loan for one month. He re-joined Frickley for a second spell on 21 December 2009. On 28 January 2010 Normington had his contract cancelled by manager Neil Woods and subsequently was released by the club.

Non-league
On 8 February 2010 it was revealed that Normington had re-joined Frickley on a permanent deal until the end of the season. In October 2010 Normington signed for Hall Road Rangers. Normington left Rangers in 2011.

He made a return to football on 17 February 2015, in signing for Humber Premier League outfit Chalk Lane, after 4 years away from the game.

Honours

Grimsby Town
Football League Trophy runner up: 2007-08

References

External links

1990 births
Living people
Footballers from Kingston upon Hull
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Frickley Athletic F.C. players
English Football League players
Hall Road Rangers F.C. players


Ousseni Labo (born June 11, 1982 in Lomé) is a former Togolese footballer, who last played for Beckumer SV.

Career
Labo played formerly for FC Eintracht Rheine in the Oberliga Westfalen, he left the team on 15 May 2008. Labo formerly played for SC Verl, SV Davaria Davensberg, GW Gelmer, ESV Münster and FC Modèle da Lomé. On 4 February 2009, he signed a contract with Rot-Weiss Ahlen to play in the reserve team, but after only a half year returned to SV Davaria Davensberg in July 2009.

Position
He currently plays as left midfielder. Formerly, he played left back in Lomé, and as striker in his last club.

International career
Labo played his first game on 22 August 2007 against Zambia, appearing as substitute in minute 60.

Coaching career
He worked two years as youth coach for ESV Münster, now as U19 Assistant Coach for ESV Münster.

References

External links
 Ousseni Labo's Official Website

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Lomé
Togolese men's footballers
Togo men's international footballers
Togolese expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
SC Verl players
Men's association football midfielders
CO Modèle de Lomé players
21st-century Togolese people
FC Eintracht Rheine players


The Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (CGA) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) is the authoritative international gazetteer containing all Antarctic toponyms published in national gazetteers, plus basic information about those names and the relevant geographical features. The Gazetteer includes also parts of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) gazetteer for under-sea features situated south of 60° south latitude.

, the overall content of the CGA amounts to 37,893 geographic names for 19,803 features including some 500 features with two or more entirely different names, contributed by the following sources:

National Authorities for Antarctic place-names
Country / Official authority

Argentina: Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Servicio de Hidrografía Naval
Australia: Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
Bulgaria: Antarctic Place-names Commission
Canada: Geographical Names Board of Canada
Chile: Instituto Hidrográfíco y Oceanográfico de la Armada de Chile (SHOA) and Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM)
China: Chinese Place-names Committee
France: Commission de Toponymie des TAAF, Institut Géographique National (Commission of Toponymy of TAAF, National Geographic Institute)
Germany: Ständiger Ausschuß für Geographische Namen (Permanent committee on geographical names)
Italy: Comitato per i nomi geografici antartici (Antarctic geographic names Committee)
Japan: Antarctic Place-names Committee of Japan
New Zealand: Antarctic Place-names Committee of New Zealand
Norway: Antarctic Place-names Committee of Norway, Norsk Polarinstitutt
Poland: Committee of Polar Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Russia: Russian Interministerial Commission on Geographical Names
UK: British Antarctic Survey UK Antarctic Place-names Committee
Uruguay: Instituto Antártico Uruguayo
United States: United States Board on Geographic Names
GEBCO: GEBCO Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names

External links
 Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (official website)
 SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (CGA). NASA Global Change Master Directory (GCMD).
 Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica with place-name search. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.

Names of places in Antarctica
Gazetteers


Ian Cade Campbell (born May 15, 1985 in Garden City, Kansas) is a former starting defensive end for Kansas State University. He is a former walk-on and two-time team captain for the Wildcats.

High school
Campbell went to high school at Cimarron High School.  He earned All-Hi Plains League, All-Area, Hutchinson all-area 3A top 11 and 3A all-state honorable mention honors as a junior linebacker.  He also received all-league, all-area, Hutchinson all-area 3A Top 11 and honorable mention all-state honors at linebacker as a senior.  He set the career tackle record for Cimarron with 324 tackles and also lettered three years in basketball.

College

2004
Campbell redshirted the 2004 season.

2005
He appeared in 10 of 11 of the Wildcats' games.  He blocked a punt against Missouri that was returned for a touchdown.  He earned team’s Purple Pride award as the top walk-on, displaying quality play, leadership and work ethic.

2006
He was one of five Wildcats to start and appear in all 13 games. Campbell earned consensus First-team All-Big 12 honors from the league’s coaches, the Associated Press, The Kansas City Star, the Dallas Morning News, the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, the Houston Chronicle and the San Antonio Express-News. He was named Big 12 Defensive Player of the Year by the Houston Chronicle.  He was a semi-finalist for the Hendricks Award. He was also an honorable mention All-American by CNN/SI.com.  Campbell finished third on the team in total tackles with 67 and led the Wildcats in both tackles for losses (17.5) and sacks (11.5). His tackle total ranked No. 1 among all Big 12 defensive linemen. He led the Big 12 and ranked 18th nationally in tackles for losses.  His sack total tied the K-State single-season record, while ranking No. 2 in the Big 12 and 10th nationally.  He also ranked third in the Big 12 with three fumble recoveries in conference games.  He collected at least one sack in 9 of 13 games.

2007
To start the season, Campbell was switched from defensive lineman to outside linebacker to accommodate Ron Prince's 3-4 defense. He seem to struggle but he was a First-team All-Big 12 linebacker by the league’s coaches and Second-team All-Big 12 linebacker by the Associated Press, The Kansas City Star and the Waco Tribune-Herald. After the 2007 season he ranked sixth all-time at K-State with 16 career sacks.  Started all 12 games at either end or linebacker.  He recorded 45 tackles, including a team-best 11 tackles for loss.  Campbell led the Big 12 with four fumble recoveries, which also was one shy of the school record.

2008
Campbell had another strong year, earning Second-team All-Big 12 defensive lineman honors. He closed out his senior season strong with 4.5 sacks and 47 tackles, and 8 tackles for loss. Campbell recorded his best games of the 2008 season against Louisiana and Iowa State, carding 11 tackles, 1.5 sacks and a pass break up against the Ragin’ Cajuns, while closing out his career with 10 stops and a blocked field goal against the Cyclones.

Campbell ranks sixth in school history with 20.5 career sacks and compiled 37.5 tackles for loss in his career.

Statistics

NFL

St. Louis Rams
On April 26, 2009, was signed by the St. Louis Rams as an undrafted free agent. He received a two- year, $705,000 contract from the Rams, with none guaranteed. He was cut during final cuts on September 5. He was re-signed to the teams' practice squad, but released from it a week later.

CFL
On April 13, 2010, was signed for a two-year contract plus an option with the Montreal Alouettes but was released prior to seeing any game action.

Personal
Campbell is the son of Curtis and Audrey Campbell. Campbell has five siblings and he enjoys lifting weights, riding motorcycles, and serving patrons at his restaurant, Black Lion's Den.

References

1985 births
Living people
People from Gray County, Kansas
American football defensive ends
Kansas State Wildcats football players
People from Garden City, Kansas


These are the results of the men's C-2 slalom competition in canoeing at the 1996 Summer Olympics. The C-2 (canoe single) event is raced by two-man canoes through a whitewater course.  The venue for the 1996 Olympic competition was at the Toccoa/Ocoee River near the Georgia-Tennessee state line.

Medalists

Results
The 15 teams each took two runs through the whitewater slalom course on July 28. The best time of the two runs counted for the event.

References

1996 Summer Olympics official report Volume 3. p. 163.
1996 men's slalom C-2 results
Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2008). "Canoeing: Men's Canadian Slalom Pairs". In The Complete Book of the Olympics: 2008 Edition. London: Aurum Press Limited. p. 488.

Men's Slalom C-2
Men's events at the 1996 Summer Olympics


Michael A. Vereb Sr. is an American politician who served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 150th legislative district from 2007 to 2017. He was first elected in 2006.

Biography
Vereb graduated from the Montgomery County Police Academy in 1986 and worked for the West Consohohocken Police Department and in Corporate Security for Comcast and Day and Zimmerman. He served as president of the West Norriton Township Board of Commissioners prior to his election to the House of Representatives.  On January 12, 2016, Vereb announced that he will not seek re-election in 2016 election.

In 2023, Vereb was named Secretary of Legislative Affairs for incoming Democratic Governor Josh Shapiro. He resigned later that year following sexual harassment allegations made against him.

References

External links
State Representative Mike Vereb official PA House site
State Representative Mike Vereb official Party site

Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Living people
Politicians from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
State cabinet secretaries of Pennsylvania
1966 births
21st-century American politicians


Soman is a chemical weapon.

Soman may also refer to:

 Soman, Iran, a village
 Soman (band)

People
 Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman (1913–1995), Indian naval officer
 Chitra Soman (born 1983), Indian athlete
 K. A. Soman (born 1953), artist from Kerala, India
 Milind Soman, Indian model
 M. G. Soman (1941–1997), Indian actor who appeared in Malayalam films
 Patricia Soman (born 1981), Côte d'Ivoire long jumper
 Soman Chainani, Indian-American filmmaker and writer

See also
 Suman (disambiguation)
 Somain (disambiguation)


Malaysia–New Zealand relations (; Jawi: هوبوڠن مليسيا-نيوزيلند; ) refers to foreign relations between Malaysia and New Zealand. Malaysia has a High Commission in Wellington, and New Zealand has a High Commission in Kuala Lumpur. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations and Malaysia is important to New Zealand for strategic, political and economic reasons, with both countries' leaders were engaged in frequent visits to boost their relations.

Country comparison

History

Official diplomatic relations between Malaysia and New Zealand has been established since 25 September 1957, with Malaysia remains as one of the oldest partner for New Zealand in Southeast Asia. The New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) has maintained its presence since the 1950s to fight alongside its allies from the threat of communism in the Malayan Emergency, Second Malayan Emergency and Sarawak Communist Insurgency. Following the path of the formation of the Malaysian federation, the NZDF also defended the British Malaya and Borneo from the Indonesian military infiltration.

Trade and Economic relations
The economic relations between the two countries also underpinned by four free trade agreements, including:

 The Malaysia–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement.
 The ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA).
 The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).
 The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP).
The trade and economic relationship between Malaysia and New Zealand is strong. This is in part because Malaysia occupies an influential position within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and is well-known to New Zealanders. In 2005, Malaysia and New Zealand initiated discussions on a bilateral free-trade agreement. On 6 August 2020 Malaysia and New Zealand completed an Exchange of Letters to amend Article 1 of Annex 3 of the Malaysia New Zealand Free Trade Agreement. The amendment to Annex 3 enterred into force on 1 October 2020.

In 2012, Malaysia was New Zealand's eighth-largest trading partner with Malaysia's exports comprising petroleum, computer and television equipment and palm oil worth around NZ$1.84 Billion, while New Zealand exports to Malaysia stood at NZ$888 million, consisting of dairy products, meat and scrap metal. A free trade agreement between the two countries was signed on 26 October 2009 in Kuala Lumpur, and enterred into force in August 2010. Many New Zealand companies have a significant presence in Malaysia, primarily in the food, telecommunications and ICTs sectors. The Free Trade Agreement aimed to encourage two-way investment between Malaysia and New Zealand.

The total bilateral trade between two countries in 2016 stood at US$1.42 billion with exports amounted to US$730 million, while imports amounted to US$680 million. In 2017, the two countries expressed their interest to expand the collaboration in ICTs and tourism sectors. In the same year, New Zealand economic relations with Malaysia is also being discovered in other areas such as food (mainly dairies products) and beverage sector and both countries announced their intention to fosters stronger business and cultural links between them. A cultural exchange between Māori and the indigenous people of the Malaysian state of Sabah have been held in Kota Kinabalu. New Zealand welcomed a group of 15 delegates from the Malaysian state of Sarawak government for a meeting held in April 2019, to share and discuss common indigenous interests and co-operation.

Education relations
Under the Colombo Plan, a large numbers of Malaysian students have were given the opportunity to study in New Zealand. New Zealand are working to attract more students from Malaysia as part of the country efforts to promote it as a first choice for foreign study. An arrangement on higher education co-operation was signed between the two countries in 2013. In 2019, further education relations are reinforced between New Zealand and the Malaysian State of Sarawak.

Security relations

New Zealand and Malaysia are both members of the Five Power Defence Arrangements. New Zealand plays a key role in the frequent military exercises between the countries involved.

Incident

In 2014, a Malaysian diplomat named Mohammed Rizalman Ismail was arrested by the New Zealand Police and charged with burglary and assault with intent to rape after allegedly following a 21-year-old woman, Tania Billingsley to her home.

See also
 Malaysian New Zealanders

References

External links
 Malaysia High Commission in Wellington, New Zealand
 New Zealand High Commission in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

New Zealand
Bilateral relations of New Zealand
New Zealand
Malaysia


Helmut Sonnenfeldt (September 13, 1926 – November 18, 2012), also known as Hal Sonnenfeldt, was an American foreign policy expert. He was known as Kissinger’s Kissinger for his philosophical affinity with and influence on Henry A. Kissinger, the architect of American foreign policy in the Nixon and Ford administrations.

He was a veteran staff member of the United States National Security Council, and held several advisory posts in the U.S. government and the private sector. Later in life he was a visiting scholar at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a guest scholar at the Brookings Institution.

Early life
Sonnenfeldt was born in 1926 in Berlin, Germany, to Drs. Walther and Gertrud (Liebenthal) Sonnenfeldt.  His family was Jewish. He spent his childhood in Gardelegen, Germany, where his parents had a family medical practice. In 1938, Sonnenfeldt was sent to Anna Essinger's Bunce Court School in England, as was his brother, Richard Sonnenfeldt. Helmut Sonnenfeldt remained in England until 1944, when he immigrated to the United States and rejoined his parents, who had resettled in Baltimore, Maryland. He entered the U.S. Army in 1944, became a naturalized American citizen and served in both the Philippines and in the U.S. occupation forces in Germany.

After military service, he attended Johns Hopkins University (BA 1950, MA 1951, Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies).

Career
Sonnenfeldt entered service in the U.S. Department of State in 1952 as a member of the staff of the Office of Research on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and served as the Director of that Office from 1963 to 1969.

Within days of the 1968 Nixon election, Henry Kissinger picked him to serve on the National Security Council staff. He was a senior staff member of the National Security Council from 1969 to 1974. In 1974, he was appointed Counselor of the U.S. Department of State, where he served from 1974, continuing after Nixon's resignation for the duration of the Ford administration.

During his time in the National Security Council and in the State Department, he was a close assistant and adviser of Kissinger and became known as "Kissinger's Kissinger."

On the 7th January 1971 Sonnenfeldt, in a memo regarding US / Soviet relations complained to Henry Kissinger that he had been excluded from Kissinger's confidence. "My undoubted personal disappointment that you have almost completely excluded me from participation in or even knowledge of the more sensitive aspects of our dealings with the USSR."

After leaving government service, he was a visiting scholar at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. Since 1978, he had been a Guest Scholar at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C.

Family
In 1953, he married Marjorie Hecht. They had three children: Babette Hecht, Walter Herman and Stewart Hecht.

Death
Sonnenfeldt died on Sunday, November 18, 2012 after a long illness, leaving behind his wife and their three children. The cause was complications of Alzheimer’s disease. As a veteran, he was interred at Arlington National Cemetery. His brother was Richard Sonnenfeldt, an American engineer also noted for being the U.S. prosecution team's chief interpreter in 1945 at the Nuremberg Trial after World War II.

Publications
Books
 Soviet Style in International Politics. Washington, DC: Washington Institute for Values in Public Policy (1985)
 Soviet Politics in the 1980s. Boulder: Westview Press (1985)
 Soviet Perspectives on Security. Adelphi papers, no. 150. London: International Institute for Strategic Studies (1979)  – with William G. Hyland

Book contributions
 "The Chinese Factor in Soviet Disarmament Policy" (Chapter 4). In: Halperin, Morton H. (editor). Sino-Soviet Relations and Arms Control. Cambridge: MIT Press (1967): 95-113.
"Written under the auspices of the Center for International Affairs and the East Asian Research Center, Harvard University."

Interviews
 Kennedy, Charles Stuart. "Interview with Helmut Sonnenfeldt." Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training (July 24, 2000) Foreign Affairs Oral History Project.

Awards
 1997 Leo Baeck Medal
 U.S. Navy Superior Public Service Award

Sonnenfeldt has also been honored by the governments of France, Germany, Luxembourg, and Sweden.

References

Further reading
 Hunter, Edward. "Why He Was Planted in Treasury: Sonnenfeldt Case Explained." Tactics, vol. 10, no. 11 (November 20, 1973): 8-9. .
 "Remembering Helmut Sonnenfeldt: A Major Figure in U.S. Foreign Policy" (proceedings). Washington: Brookings Institution (November 18, 2019).

External links
 Biography at History Commons.org site

1926 births
2012 deaths
American businesspeople
American foreign policy writers
American male non-fiction writers
American people of the Vietnam War
American political writers
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
City College of New York alumni
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
International relations scholars
Nixon administration personnel
Operation Condor
People educated at Bunce Court School
People from Gardelegen
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
United States National Security Advisors
Writers from Washington, D.C.
Johns Hopkins University alumni


Marcus Laborne Mattioli (born 18 October 1960 in Belo Horizonte) is a former international freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Brazil, who participated in the 1980 Summer Olympics for his native country. There he won the bronze medal in the men's 4×200-metre freestyle relay event at the 1980 Summer Olympics, alongside Jorge Fernandes, Cyro Delgado, and Djan Madruga.

Participated at the 1978 World Aquatics Championships in West Berlin, where he finished 34th in the 100-metre freestyle, and 29th in the 200-metre freestyle.

He was at the 1979 Pan American Games, in San Juan. He won a silver medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle, and a bronze medal in the 4×100-metre freestyle. He also finished 7th in the 200-metre freestyle, and 13th in the 100-metre freestyle. He broke the South American record of the 4×200-metre freestyle.

Mattioli won the bronze medal in the men's 4×200-metre freestyle relay event at the 1980 Summer Olympics, alongside Jorge Fernandes, Cyro Delgado, and Djan Madruga, with a time of 7:29.30. He also swam the 100-metre butterfly, 200-metre butterfly and 200-metre freestyle, not going to the final.

At the 1981 Summer Universiade, held in Bucharest, Mattioli won two bronze medals in the 4×100-metre freestyle and 4×100-metre medley relays.

Participated at the 1986 World Aquatics Championships in Madrid, where he finished 29th in the 200-metre butterfly, and 39th in the 100-metre butterfly.

Mattioli still swim, now breaking world records in the Masters category.

References

External links

1960 births
Living people
Brazilian male butterfly swimmers
Swimmers at the 1979 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers for Brazil
Olympic bronze medalists for Brazil
Olympic bronze medalists in swimming
Brazilian male freestyle swimmers
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games silver medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Universiade medalists in swimming
Universiade bronze medalists for Brazil
Medalists at the 1981 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 1979 Pan American Games
Sportspeople from Belo Horizonte
20th-century Brazilian people


Redworth Hall is a 17th-century country house at Redworth, Heighington, County Durham, England now converted to a hotel. It is a listed building.

History

The present Redworth Hall was built in 1693 by George and Eleanor Crosier. There is a memorial inscription in nearby Heighington Church in their honour. George Crosier (1637-1717) was the son of a wealthy landowner. He married Eleanor Harrison, daughter of John Harrison of Sunderland and had five daughters who were his co-heirs. Their youngest daughter Jane Crosier (1671-1710) who married Edward Surtees (1663-1744) brought Redworth Hall into the Surtees family.

Their eldest son Robert Surtees (1694-1785) was the owner of Redworth Hall for forty years. In 1744 he married Dorothy Lambton, second daughter of Thomas Lambton of Hardwick. In the same year as his marriage Robert made substantial alterations and additions to the Hall and added a rear wing.

The couple had two daughters Dorothy and Jane. In 1769 Jane married her cousin Lieutenant Crosier Surtees (1740-1803). When her father Robert died in 1785 Redworth Hall was left to Crosier. However Crosier was a drunkard and womaniser and in about 1800 Jane left him. He moved into the house of his mistress in Pennington Rake and had several more children. Suddenly in 1803 he died when he was returning on his horse, in a drunken state from a banquet with Lord Barnard in Raby Castle. On the moors he tumbled from the saddle, fell into the water, and froze to death. In the following year Jane married the Reverend William Sturges of Magdalene College, Cambridge.

Redworth Hall was inherited by Crosier’s eldest son Robert Surtees (1782-1857). In 1811 he married Elizabeth Cookson (1783-1847) and the couple had four children, three sons and a daughter. Their eldest son Robert Lambton Surtees (1812-1863) inherited the house in 1857 but he died six years later in 1863. Because he had not married and had no descendants the property was then passed to his younger brother Henry Edward Surtees.

Henry Edward Surtees (1819-1895) added the Jacobean style spiral stone staircase and galleried Baronial Hall in the early 1890s. In 1843 he married Eliza Snell Chauncey and had two daughters but unfortunately she died in 1857. He then married in 1870 Mary Isabella Adams and had two sons. He was in the 10th Hussars for some years in 1864 was elected as a Member of Parliament. The 1881 Census shows him living at Redworth Hall with his second wife Mary Isabella who is 30 years his junior, three of his younger children, a governess, a ladies maid, a butler, a footman, a nurse and three house servants.

When he died in 1895 the house was inherited by his eldest son Henry Siward Balliol Surtees (1873-1955). In 1898 he married Helen Winifred Muriel Thomson only child of John James Thomson of Camphill, County Renfrew. The couple had a son and two daughters. They divorced in 1909 and Henry later married in 1932 Emma Veronica Cunliffe.

Present day
Following a period of occupation by a residential school the house was converted to a hotel operated by The Hotel Collection.

The building was reputed to be haunted by a child walking along the corridors. Folklore has it that Lord Surtees had his mentally ill child chained to the fireplace whose cries of anguish can still be heard. It also tells the story of the peer's affair with his scullery maid, who committed suicide by throwing herself down the staircase when his wife discovered she was pregnant.

References

  English Heritage, description of listed building
  Coat of Arms of Surtees at Redworth Hall by Geograph
 A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain and Ireland; Sir Bernard Burke; 4th ed., pt. 2 (1863) p. 1459 Surtees of Redworth. Google Books

External links

 Redworth Hall Hotel website

Grade II listed buildings in County Durham
Country houses in County Durham
Heighington, County Durham


The 2001 Hamburg Masters was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 95th edition of the Hamburg Masters and was part of the Tennis Masters Series of the 2001 ATP Tour. It took place at the Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg in Germany from 14 May through 20 May 2001.

The men's field was headlined by ATP No. 1, Buenos Aires, Acapulco, Monte Carlo and Hamburg defending champion Gustavo Kuerten, Paris and US Open champion and Dubai runner-up Marat Safin, and Australian Open, Indian Wells and Miami champion and San Jose runner-up Andre Agassi. Other top seeds competing were Wimbledon defending champion Pete Sampras, Sydney and Scottsdale finalist Magnus Norman, Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Lleyton Hewitt and Juan Carlos Ferrero.

Finals

Singles

 Albert Portas defeated  Juan Carlos Ferrero 4–6, 6–2, 0–6, 7–6(7–5), 7–5
 It was Portas' only singles title of his career.

Doubles

 Jonas Björkman  /  Todd Woodbridge defeated  Daniel Nestor /  Sandon Stolle 7–6(7–2), 3–6, 6–3
 It was Björkman's 4th title of the year and the 29th of his career. It was Woodbridge's 3rd title of the year and the 72nd of his career.

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

Hamburg Masters
Hamburg European Open
Hamburg Masters
Hamburg Masters


The 2002 Hamburg Masters was a  men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 96th edition of the Hamburg Masters and was part of the Tennis Masters Series of the 2002 ATP Tour. It took place at the Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg in Germany from 13 May through 19 May 2002.

The men's singles event field was headlined by World no.1 Lleyton Hewitt. Other top seeds competing were (in order) Gustavo Kuerten, Juan Carlos Ferrero and Yevgeny Kafelnikov. Ninth-seeded Andre Agassi withdrew just before the tournament and was replaced by lucky loser Fernando Meligeni. Roger Federer, seeded 11th, won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 Roger Federer defeated  Marat Safin 6–1, 6–3, 6–4
 It was Federer's 2nd title of the year and the 3rd of his career. It was his 1st Masters title of his career.

Doubles

 Mahesh Bhupathi /  Jan-Michael Gambill defeated  Jonas Björkman /  Todd Woodbridge 6–2, 6–4
 It was Bhupathi's 3rd title of the year and the 24th of his career. It was Gambill's 1st title of the year and the 5th of his career.

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

Hamburg Masters
Hamburg European Open
Hamburg Masters
Hamburg Masters


Air Commodore Douglas Bradshaw, DFC, CD, ADC (15 May 1912 – 1 October 1996) was a Canadian Air Commodore and educator. He was the Commandant of the Royal Military College of Canada from 1954 to 1957. He was the first president of Confederation College of Applied Arts and Technology from March 6, 1967, to 1974.

Education
Douglas Alexander Ransome Bradshaw was born on May 15, 1912, in Ottawa, Ontario (ON). He was educated in London, Ontario. He graduated from the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario, in 1934, student # 2140.

Military career
He was commissioned in the Royal Canadian Dragoons. He transferred to the RCAF in 1935. He received his pilot's license in 1936. He served as a flying instructor at Camp Borden, Ontario from 1935 to 1939. In December 1941, he was posted overseas. From March 1942 until April 1943, Wing Commander Bradshaw commanded 420 Snowy Owl Squadron. During this time, Bradshaw led his squadron in some of the first 1000 plane bomber raids into Germany.

At the end of World War II, Group Captain Bradshaw served at RCAF headquarters in Ottawa as Director of Air Operations. He was promoted to the rank of Air Commodore in January 1953. He served as Chief of Training for the RCAF.
He returned to RMC in Kingston as Commandant and ADC to the Governor-General (1947–54). He served as Deputy Air Officer Commanding (Operations) at Air Defense Command Headquarters, St. Hubert, Quebec in 1957.
In November 1959, he was appointed Deputy for Operations for Northern NORAD Region Headquarters, in St. Hubert, Quebec. He was appointed Chief Staff Officer at the RCAF's No. 1 Air in July 1961.

Awards
He was awarded the DFC effective June 3, 1943, for his skill and bravery as a pilot. He led 420 Snowy Owl Squadronon many risky and dangerous sorties to heavily defended enemy targets in Germany.

Civilian career
Air Vice Marshal (ret`d) Douglas Bradshaw was the first president of Confederation College from March 6, 1967, to 1974. Confederation College was founded as a trade school in 1967, during the formation of Ontario's college system. His vision of an aviation program in the north was implemented in the college's Aviation Centre of Excellence.

Legacy
He died on 1 October 1996. In his memory, the Douglas Bradshaw Athletic Achievement Award is presented to a graduating student, having the most improvement in and contribution to athletics and whose quality of spirit and competitive drive contributed to the overall success of the Confederation College Athletic program.

See also

References

4237 Dr. Adrian Preston & Peter Dennis (Edited) "Swords and Covenants" Rowman And Littlefield, London. Croom Helm. 1976.
H16511 Dr. Richard Arthur Preston "To Serve Canada: A History of the Royal Military College of Canada" 1997 Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1969.
H16511 Dr. Richard Arthur Preston "Canada's RMC - A History of Royal Military College" Second Edition 1982
H1877 R. Guy C. Smith (editor) "As You Were! Ex-Cadets Remember". In 2 Volumes. Volume I: 1876–1918. Volume II: 1919–1984. Royal Military College. [Kingston]. The R.M.C. Club of Canada. 1984

1912 births
1996 deaths
Canadian generals
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
Royal Military College of Canada alumni
Commandants of the Royal Military College of Canada
Royal Canadian Air Force personnel of World War II
Military personnel from Ottawa
Canadian World War II pilots
Royal Canadian Dragoons officers


The pair skating event was held as part of the figure skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics. It was the third appearance of the event, which had previously been held at the Summer Olympics in 1908 and 1920. The competition was held on Thursday, 31 January 1924. Eighteen figure skaters, from seven nations, competed.

Results

Referee:
  Charles M. Rotch

Judges:
  Ernst Herz
  Herbert Yglesias
  J.G. Künzli
  Francis Pigueron
  Josef Fellner
  Louis Magnus
  Edourd Delpy

References

External links
 Official Official Olympic Report
 sports-reference

Figure skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics
1924 in figure skating
1924
Mixed events at the 1924 Winter Olympics


DXFE (1197 AM) is a non-commercial broadcast radio station owned and operated by the Far East Broadcasting Company in the Philippines. The station's studio is located along Circumferential Rd., Doña Vicenta Village, Davao City, and the transmitter is located along Duha corner San Rafael Rd., Brgy. 10-A, Davao City.

It operates Mondays to Fridays from 5:00 AM to 9:00 PM, Saturdays from 5:00 AM to 7:00 PM and Sundays from 5:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

References

Radio stations in Davao City
Christian radio stations in the Philippines
News and talk radio stations in the Philippines
Radio stations established in 1972
1972 establishments in the Philippines
Far East Broadcasting Company


Elīna Dikaioulaku ( Babkina, born 24 April 1989)
Was a Latvian women's basketball player.

Dikaioulaku was already offered a deal with Russian Superleague team UMMC Ekaterinburg at age 16. She was a member of TTT Riga until April 2008, when the team fired her. In September she signed a contract with SK Cēsis. Babkina played in the 2008 Summer Olympics.

She was involved in a car crash on 24 November 2008. She was a passenger. Although she had worn her seat belt, she had a light concussion.

WNBA
Dikaioulaku was selected in the third round of the 2011 WNBA draft (29th overall) by the Los Angeles Sparks. Babkina signed with the Sparks on 19 February 2015.

Achievements
2009 – FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women Bronze medal with Latvia women's national basketball team in Poland.
2009 – 1st place in Latvian woman basketball league with SK Cesis.
2009 – 2nd place in Baltic woman basketball league with SK Cesis.
2008 – 9th place in Beijing Basketball at the Summer Olympics with Latvia women's national basketball team.
2008 – 4th place in FIBA "Diamond Ball" tournament in China.
2008 – Winner of Basketball at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification.
2007 – 1st place in Latvian woman basketball league with TTT Riga and "Play-offs" MVP.
2005 – FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship for Women Bronze medal with Latvia women's national basketball team in Czech Republic.

References

External links
 Elina Babkina at FIBA Europe

1989 births
Living people
Basketball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Club Sportiv Municipal Târgoviște players
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Russia
Fenerbahçe women's basketball players
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Poland
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Spain
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Turkey
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Croatia
Latvian expatriate basketball people in the Czech Republic
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Hungary
Latvian expatriate basketball people in Romania
Latvian women's basketball players
Los Angeles Sparks draft picks
Olympic basketball players for Latvia
Point guards
Basketball players from Riga


Ralph Curtis "Curt" Schroder is former a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He represented the 155th district for nine terms. Schroder resigned on May 6, 2012.  Schroder was the Republican Chairman of the House Gaming Oversight Committee, and was also on the House Insurance Committee.

Career
Prior to his time in the House, Schroder was Prothonotary for Chester County from 1992 to 1994.

He began his involvement in public service in 1984, when he worked on constituent issues in the district office of Congressman Richard Schultze.  Schroder also served as Campaign Coordinator for Schulze for Congress in 1984.

Following his time with Congressman Schulze, Schroder worked for Nationwide Insurance as an associate agent before beginning his legal career with the firm of German, Gallagher and Murtagh from 1987 through 1991.

Following Jim Gerlach's July 14, 2009 announcement that he intended to vacate his Congressional seat to run for Governor of Pennsylvania, Schroder announced his candidacy for Congress. Schroder was considered the frontrunner for the GOP nomination, until Gerlach ended his candidacy for governor and announced he would be running for his Congressional seat once again. Gerlach's announcement prompted Schroder to end his bid for Congress.

Personal
Schroder is member of the Downingtown Lions Club.  He also serves on the Board of Directors of Brandywine Hospital, the Transportation Management Association of Chester County (TMACC), The Downingtown Senior Center, and the Brandywine YMCA.

Schroder is a 1979 graduate of Downingtown High School. He holds a bachelor's degree in political science from Indiana University of Pennsylvania.  He earned his Juris Doctor from Widener University School of Law in 1989.

He and his wife Deanna reside in Downingtown with their two children, Mark and Kristen.

References

External links
Representative Curt Schroder (R) official PA House website
State Representative Curt Schroder official caucus website
Curt Schroder for Congress official Congressional campaign website

Living people
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
1961 births
People from Coatesville, Pennsylvania
21st-century American politicians


Adolf Fredrik, Count Munck (Mikkeli, Finland, 28 April 1749 – Massa, Italy, 18 July 1831), was a Swedish and Finnish noble during the Gustavian era. His family name is sometimes inaccurately given as "Munck af Fulkila" because his father usurped this family's title in the Swedish Diet but, as a matter of fact, without genealogical justification.

Biography
Adolf Fredrik Munck was born to Anders Erik Munck (1720 Skaraborg - 4 September 1779) and Hedvig Juliana Wright (1729 - Lojo 30 December 1808), whom he had wed at St. Michel's then country church on 15 November 1747. The couple first lived in the second lieutenant's homestead Tarkia, part of the Rantakylä manor, in Mikkeli, and this is the birthplace of their son Adolf Fredrik. They had a total of ten children, six of which lived till adult age.

He entered the Swedish royal court, where he became a close friend of the king, Gustaf III. Munck became notorious for his love affairs. Among his lovers were Anna Sofia Ramström, the kammarfru of the queen. In 1775, hired by the king to assist him in the consummation of his marriage with Queen Sophie Magdalena; he was to act as sexual instructor for the couple. The King, claiming to be sexually inexperienced called upon Munck to help him with a reconciliation with his spouse and instruct the couple in the ways of sexual intercourse and to physically show them how to consummate their marriage. Munck, a Finnish nobleman and at the time a stable master was at that point the lover of Anna Sofia Ramström the Queen's chamber maid. Through Anna Sofia Ramström, he contacted Ingrid Maria Wenner, who was assigned to inform the queen of the king's wish, because Wenner was married and the confidant of the queen. Munck and Ramström were to be present in a room close to the bedchamber, ready to be of assistance when needed, and he was at some points called into the bedchamber. Munck himself writes in his written account, which is preserved at the National Archives of Sweden, that in order to succeed, he was obliged to touch them both physically.

This "aid" resulted in the birth of the future King Gustav IV Adolf in 1778. These favors resulted in a great scandal when they became known. Munck was widely spoken of as the lover of the king and the queen. When it became known that Munck participated in the reconciliation between the royal couple, there were rumours that he was the father of Sophia Magdalena's firstborn.

These became the subject of accusations from the political opposition, as late as in 1786 and 1789, where it was claimed that the whole nation was aware of the rumour that the King had asked Munck to make the Queen pregnant. Pamphlets to that end were posted on street corners all over Stockholm.

There were also a rumour of a secret marriage between Munck and the queen. The story about the secret marriage was described by the king's sister-in-law Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp and reads as follows: in 1775, when the marriage between the king's brother and sister-in-law did not lead to the birth of any issue, the king asked the queen to take a lover to provide the throne with an heir. When she refused this suggestion, he asked for a reconciliation and selected Munck as a mediator with the thought that the queen would find Munck attractive, as she seemed to like his company and he was similar to her in his appearance. When Munck revealed the King's true wish and asked her to give in for the sake of the state and she again declined, the king divorced the queen in secret and had her married to Munck in a secret ceremony conducted by Johan Wingård The only witnesses to this marriage except Munck, the king and the queen, was Wingård, who was appointed bishop of Gothenburg to general amazement despite his youth and Anna Sofia Ramström, who was fired from her position at court and was later poisoned, though the circumstances behind her death were never confirmed. It was widely rumoured at the time that Ramström had been forced to resign in 1779 because of the queen's jealousy and that she had been given a pension on condition that she be silent about the relationship between Munck and the queen

Munck was believed to have been rewarded by both the king and the queen for his support. He received a portrait of the queen by herself set in diamonds. He was appointed Master of the Horse (Riksstallmästare), knight and governor of the Royal Order of the Seraphim. He was created Baron (Friherre) Munck af Fulkila on 27 December 1778 (introduced in registry of the nobility in 1788, under nr 309), and finally Count Greve Munck af Fulkila on 4 July 1788 (introduced 16 May 1789 under nr 103). In 1787, Sophia Magdalena deposited a sum of 50.000 riksdaler in an account for Munck, which was generally rumoured to be a "farewell gift". At this point, Munck had started an affair with the ballerina Giovanna Bassi, to whom Sophia Magdalena showed great dislike. The King was terrified when he heard that the queen had made that deposit, and he tried to prevent the transaction from becoming public knowledge, which, however, did not succeed.

A child of Giovanna Bassi's, rumoured to be the child of Munck, bore a strong likeness to the Crown Prince.

These allegations had long going consequences: after Gustaf IV Adolf was deposed in 1809, the Gustavian party tried to get his son Gustavus, Crown Prince of Sweden accepted as crown prince in 1809 and 1810, but were unsuccessful. The Swedish princess Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, queen in 1809, was one of the leading people of the Gustavian party. She often visited ex-queen Frederica in her house arrest and worked for prince Gustav to be acknowledged as heir to the throne. She wrote of this issue in her diaries: during a dinner, General Georg Adlersparre told her, that Jean Baptiste Bernadotte had asked whether she had any issue, and was interested when he found she had not. She said that the throne already had an heir in the deposed King's son. Adlersparre became upset and expressed the opinion of his party, that no one of the instigators of the coup would accept this, as they feared that the boy would revenge against them when he became King, and that they would go as far as take up the old rumour that the deposed King was in fact illegitimate and the son of Queen Sophia Magdalena and Count Adolf Fredrik Munck af Fulkila to prevent this. The affair has also inspired literature: it was part of the plot in Carl Jonas Love Almquist's Drottningens juvelsmycke, the first historical novel written in Swedish.

In 1791, he was discovered creating forged notes on Drottningholm Palace, abetting Charles Appelkvist. In 1791, the king was to have contemplated to divorce the queen by exposing her alleged secret marriage to Munck After the death of the king in 1792, Count Munck af Fulkila was forced to leave Sweden. Before his departure, the regent, duke Charles, demanded that he turn over certain documents which could scandalize the royal house if they became known.  In 1795, he asked for permission to return to Sweden, and when denied, he reportedly threatened to expose the marriage certificate between himself and the queen. He was ennobled as a Count in the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza in 1816.

Notes

References

  on WorldCat

External links
 The Ancestry of Adolf Fredrik greve Munck (1749-1831)

1749 births
1831 deaths
People from Rantasalmi
Swedish-speaking Finns
Swedish nobility
Dukes in Italy
18th-century Swedish people
18th-century Finnish people
Gustavian era people
Court of Gustav III


The Lodger is a 2009 mystery/thriller film directed by David Ondaatje and starring Alfred Molina, Hope Davis and Simon Baker. It is based on the 1913 novel The Lodger by Marie Belloc Lowndes, filmed previously by Alfred Hitchcock in 1927, by Maurice Elvey in 1932, by John Brahm in 1944, and as Man in the Attic (1953) directed by Hugo Fregonese.

Synopsis

The film follows two parallel stories, one being about a troubled detective (Molina) who plays a cat-and-mouse game with an unknown killer and the other being about an emotionally disturbed landlady and her relationship with an enigmatic "lodger" (Simon Baker).

Plot
The story opens with a brutal murder of a prostitute taking place on Sunset Boulevard, in Hollywood. The detective in charge is Chandler Manning and his rookie assistant is Street Wilkenson. They initially believe this is a stand-alone murder, but when a second prostitute is killed, the medical examiner says the two murders are not only eerily similar to two murders that took place 7 years prior, but they are exact copies of the first two Jack the Ripper murders in 1888 London. Since Detective Manning had caught who he thought was the murderer of the previous crimes, they now realize the wrong person was tried, prosecuted and executed. Manning is also dealing with a wife who tried to commit suicide, and his estranged daughter, Amanda, who blames him for the attempt.

In a second story line, a couple is looking to rent their guest house when a passerby comes to the door and says he wishes to rent the room. Ellen Bunting takes the lodger, Malcolm Slaight, to see the room and he immediately agrees to rent the guest house but says several times he cannot be disturbed since he is a writer, and needs complete quiet. When Ellen's husband, Joe, asks her why the "for rent" sign has been removed, she says she has rented the room but the lodger needs to be left alone. Joe does not believe she has rented the guest house because he never sees anyone coming or going from the premises, and because he knows his wife has episodes where she imagines things and needs to take medication. Ellen begins to have feelings for the lodger and she goes out of her way to see him. She catches him in their kitchen late one night and when he says he was looking for scissors, she reaches across him to pick up and hand him a pair, but he just takes them and walks out.

The ripper copycat then commits two more murders, but this time he is seen by a witness who describes a man with a long black coat and a black bag. Manning notices a garbage can near the murder site with BATTY written on it; when he opens the lid, he finds a pair of bloody underwear that belong to one of the victims. Wilkenson is suspicious of how he knew there was something in the can, but Manning references the previous ripper murders and how they found a portion of clothing from one of the victims. Manning then goes to the old case files for the man he had previously arrested for the murders 7 years ago, and takes evidence of a letter that was written to him after the arrest had taken place. While there, he pulls his gun on the evidence clerk and tells him to stop following him.

Ellen continues to make contact with the lodger by taking him breakfast and tea - anything to be near him. On one visit she sees a pair of her husband's boots drying on a newspaper, and Malcolm states they got muddy when he walked in the garden. The lodger then kisses her, and Joe can be seen in the house, beginning to head for the guest house. As he is nearing, Ellen opens the door and walks out with the boots, saying she was cleaning them. She sees a picture in the newspaper of a footprint taken of boots that is linked to the crime, and puts the sole of the boot on top of the picture, but then does nothing despite realizing that they are the same size. Joe, getting tired of what he thinks is Ellen's hallucination, forces her next door and tells her he doesn't want to hear another word about the imaginary lodger if they see no one in the room. When the door opens, no one is there and Ellen is left sitting in the rain while Joe disgustedly walks back to the house.

Manning and Wilkenson begin investigating the suspects that are known to frequent the area where the killings are taking place, and this brings them into contact with Joe Bunting. They visit the Bunting home, and Ellen acts suspiciously when she takes them to see the guest house. They leave to get a warrant to search the place, but Manning is pulled into a meeting with the Captain of the precinct and the Mayor. Since he threatened the evidence clerk while at the station, they feel this - combined with his personal life - is causing him to lose touch with reality and they place him on suspension. Det. Wilkenson is left trying to solve the case without the assistance of Manning and when he sees Manning's name on a suspect list, he goes to the Captain. The Captain believes Manning is delusional and psychotic, and not only committed the murders 7 years ago but is obsessed with Jack the Ripper and is committing murders again, just so he can solve them. Manning realizes that the Captain suspects him and observes the Captain and officers searching his apartment, and that they have taken the letter he had stolen from evidence.

Ellen, believing Malcolm is guilty but not caring, goes to the guest house to wipe it clean of any evidence he was ever there, and disturbs a cabinet, causing a gush of red liquid that appears to be blood to spill from it. Malcolm walks in then and confronts her about why she is there and says a bottle of red ink must have spilled. Ellen goes to the house to wash her hands and Malcolm walks in, carrying a black bag. Ellen - realizing he is either about to leave, or worse, kill her - says she will not tell anyone what she has seen and will do anything to protect him. Malcolm appears to let her take the bag from his hand. Meanwhile, Joe is at work and finds that the police have been there to talk to him and becomes agitated.

Manning goes to Wilkenson to ask him for help, as there has been yet another murder, leaving only one woman left to be killed before the murderer disappears. Wilkenson agrees and they get the warrant they need to search the Bunting's guest house but initially find nothing. Manning then realizes the cabinet has not been opened and when they do, in it are maps with red ink and prints on them. Wilkenson and the Captain both look suspiciously at Manning because they believe he is planting evidence, and Wilkenson cuffs Manning to escort him in, though they also place a call to pick up Joe at work. When the police arrive, they realize Joe is no longer there.

We see Manning's daughter, Amanda, leaving her dorm at college and being observed by someone in the shadows. Manning notices two maps at the scene, one of London during the Ripper murders and another of Hollywood, marking the current killing. He sees that the marks on the map line up for the past murders, except now there is a new mark on the Hollywood map that does not line up, and it is exactly where his daughter's dorm is. He talks Wilkenson into removing the cuffs and they head off to grab Amanda, but she is walking down the street, headed to a local venue. She is being followed by someone in a long black coat, wearing boots and begins to run.

She stops and turns when she hears the sirens but the ripper has moved to the side and attempts to attack her when she stops. Manning sees the attack and runs off after the ripper, while Wilkenson stays with Amanda. The ripper is chased into the Bunting home where Manning, the Captain and several officers enter. We see Ellen in the living room, sitting in a rocking chair, wielding a long, curved knife. She drops the knife when they enter and go upstairs; they find Joe has been cut up very badly but is still alive.

The ending provides an explanation for the killings; Ellen became schizophrenic by the death of her baby in child birth 8 years ago, and this sent her into a spiral of killing. She also made up the imaginary life that her son lived, and the lodger, who was a romantic interest for her. Though the police and the press accept that this is the truth and Ellen is the killer, Manning does not believe it and the last scene is Malcolm, at a new residence in Santa Monica, looking for new lodgings.

Cast
Storyline 1:
 Alfred Molina as Chandler Manning, the troubled detective
 Rachael Leigh Cook as Amanda Manning, his estranged daughter
 Mel Harris as Margaret Manning, his suicidally depressed wife
 Shane West as 'Street' Wilkenson, his rookie partner
 Philip Baker Hall as the Police Chief
 Rebecca Pidgeon as Dr. Jessica Westmin, an FBI profiler assisting with the case
 Lancer Dean Shull as the Internal Affairs Officer who suspends Chandler Manning from his duties.
Storyline 2:
 Hope Davis as Ellen Bunting, the emotionally disturbed landlady
 Donal Logue as Joe Bunting, her easily angered husband
 Simon Baker as Malcolm Slaight, the mysterious stranger who becomes their "lodger"

Release
The film premiered on January 23, 2009 in limited release in New York and Los Angeles, and was released on DVD on February 10, 2009.

Reception
The film drew negative reviews from most critics. The consensus on Rotten Tomatoes is "An accomplished cast can't save a derivative suspense flick that manages to confuse and bore rather than thrill." It received a 21% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 24 critic reviews.

Writing in Variety, John Anderson stated "The Lodger seems intended to leave its audience as baffled as the London police were in 1888. Never mind that it rains constantly along Ondaatje’s Sunset Strip, or that the melodrama arrives like a monsoon. What needed to be a taut, structurally sound psycho-thriller instead malfunctions from the start."  Joe Neumaier wrote in the New York Daily News, "If you think you're tired of tedious thrillers, this B-movie has a cast that looks like they slept right through it... Filled with second-rate Brian DePalma twists, noirishly blurred lights and usually solid actors mouthing potboiler brine, The Lodger resembles bottom-shelf '80s dreck."  Robert Abele wrote in the Los Angeles Times, "This strained, empty effort doesn't work as homage or update, and in its darkly violent sensibility has neither the glamour of Brian De Palma's referential nightmares or even the narrative fuel of the serial-killer-obsessed procedurals that dominate TV."  Ben Walters attacked the film in Time Out, writing " the real crime is the travesty writer-director David Ondaatje perpetrates on Alfred Hitchcock".

References

External links

2000s thriller films
2009 films
2000s English-language films
Films based on works by Marie Adelaide Belloc Lowndes
Films scored by John Frizzell (composer)
American serial killer films
Stage 6 Films films
2000s American films


Lac des Arcs is a lake in Alberta, Canada, that forms part of the Bow River.

Located within Alberta's Rockies, the Hamlet of Lac des Arcs is on the lake's southeastern shore, while the Lafarge Exshaw Plant and a limestone quarry lie on the lake's northern shore.

The Trans-Canada Highway runs along the southern shore, and the CPKC Railway main line and Highway 1A follow the northern shore. The lake is also locally known for having a small island with nothing but a picnic bench on it, which is visible from the Trans-Canada Highway.

Municipal District of Bighorn No. 8
Arcs, Lac des
Bow River


Catcon is an Australian construction and civil engineering company based in Adelaide, South Australia. It was rated at #50 in South Australia's "Top 100 companies" in 2015. Catcon is the company responsible for the Bolivar interchange and Little Para River Bridge section of the Northern Connector freeway in Adelaide.

References

Construction and civil engineering companies of Australia
Companies based in South Australia


The Axelson Aircraft Engine Company was a manufacturer of aircraft engines based in Los Angeles in the late 1920s.

Their engines were originally known as "FLOCO", because the manufacturer was originally Frank L. Odenbreidt Co. Their products included the 115 hp Axelson A-7-R and 150 hp Axelson B.  Axelson engines were used to power the Swallow F28-AX, among other contemporary aircraft.

Notes

References

 Approved Type Certificate 16

External links
 Photograph of the Axelson factory, circa 1930

Defunct aircraft engine manufacturers of the United States


Pacific Broadcasting System (PBSI) is a radio broadcast company in the Philippines. It is part of the FJE Group of Companies of the Elizalde family, which also operates hotels and Pasay-based amusement park Star City.  Pacific Broadcasting's stations are being operated by Elizalde-owned TV and radio network Manila Broadcasting Company. Most of its AM stations in key provinces are relay stations of DZRH, while its flagship AM station is DXGO, a radio station in Davao City broadcasting as Aksyon Radyo Davao. PBSI's flagship FM station is DWYS 101.1 Manila which also serves as the flagship affiliate station to MBC's Yes The Best Network, with most of its FM stations in the provinces are affiliated with MBC's other FM networks (Love Radio, Easy Rock and Radyo Natin).

See also
List of Manila Broadcasting Company stations#Aksyon Radyo
List of Manila Broadcasting Company stations#Yes The Best
Manila Broadcasting Company
 Aksyon Radyo U.S.

References

Mass media companies of the Philippines
Philippine radio networks
Radio stations in the Philippines
Mass media companies established in 1968
Companies based in Pasay
1968 establishments in the Philippines


The Circus Surprise is a children's book written by Ralph Fletcher and illustrated by Vladimir Vagin. It was first published in 2001.

Plot summary
Nick is taken to the circus as a surprise for his birthday.  While at the circus he follows his nose looking for the cotton candy, and when he turns around his parents are gone.  A clown on stilts comes to his rescue and puts him on his shoulders and they locating his parents. While they are searching for Nick's parents the clown has Nick in a small pouch and as they travel he tells Nick to look out at the circus and makes Nick laugh by saying that the lions are kittens and the people were ants.

Reception
Bina Williams in her review for the School Library Journal said "Fletcher details an occurrence that is bound to happen to just about every kid at one time or another--getting lost in a public place. Vagin's gouache pictures vividly portray the details of a circus that is big enough to be interesting but not so big as to be scary."  Publishers Weekly was mixed in their review saying "Fletcher's text is by turns reassuring and practical in tone, providing tips that readers will find useful if facing a predicament like Nick's. Vagin's tightly composed gouaches show crowds, but the bustle doesn't come through. While his work is highly detailed (e.g., he finely delineates the lions' fur and manes, and shows the trim on an acrobat's costume), the scenes themselves look stiff and static."

Notes

External links

Ralph Fletcher's website

2001 children's books
American picture books
Picture books by Ralph Fletcher
Children's books set in circuses


Kamran Khan (born 23 March 1985) is a former Pakistani footballer who played as a centre-back.

Club career
Throughout his career of 13 years played for Khan Research Laboratories, Khan won five league titles and six National Cup with the club.

International career
Khan was selected for the 2011 SAFF Championship where he won his first cap against Bangladesh.

Honours

Khan Research Laboratories
Pakistan Premier League: 2009–10, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14
Pakistan National Football Challenge Cup: 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Pakistani men's footballers
Pakistan men's international footballers
Khan Research Laboratories F.C. players
Men's association football central defenders


Muhammad Jamshed Anwar (born 20 November 1974) is a Pakistani former professional footballer, who played as a centre-back for WAPDA throughout his career.

International career
Anwar made two appearances for Pakistan, scoring 2 goals in 2 appearances. He scored two goals in a 9-2 victory against Guam in 2008.

Career statistics

International

International goals

Honours
 Pakistan Premier League: 2004-05, 2007-08, 2008-09

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Pakistani men's footballers
Pakistan men's international footballers
WAPDA F.C. players

Men's association football defenders


The  is a rapid transit electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by Osaka Municipal Subway (now Osaka Metro) in Japan since 2009.

Design
Thirteen six-car sets were built based on the New 20 series design to replace the older 30 series sets on the Tanimachi Line.

A total of 12 ten-car 30000 series sets are also on order for use on the Midōsuji Line, with the first set entering service on 10 December 2011, replacing the older 10 series sets. These 30000 series sets were the final new subway rolling stock to be ordered by the Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau before it was privatised in 2018.

Formations

6-car sets
, the Tanimachi Line fleet consists of 13 six-car trainsets and are formed as follows, with car 1 at the Yao-Minami end.

Car 3 is designated as a women-only car (rush hour only).

10-car sets
, the Midōsuji Line fleet consists of three ten-car trainsets and are formed as follows, with car 1 at the Nakamozu end.

Car 6 is designated as a women-only car (weekdays only).

Interior
Midosuji Line sets from 31604 onward incorporate a number of design improvements, including new seat covers, LED lighting, and pairs of wide-screen LCD passenger information displays above the doorways.

History
The first Tanimachi Line set was unveiled in October 2008 and entered service on 18 March 2009.

30000A series

An improved derivative of the 30000 series, the 30000A series, was first announced by Osaka Metro on 9 December 2021. Changes from the 30000 series include a lower center of gravity, yellow-and-turquoise seat moquette, improved accessibility, and onboard air purifiers. A total of ten 6-car 30000A series sets are due to be built. The fleet began operation in July 2022 on Osaka Metro Chūō Line and Kintetsu Keihanna Line through services. Following the 2025 World Expo, the fleet is scheduled to be cascaded to the Tanimachi Line.

Fleet history
The build history for the fleet is as shown below.

References

External links

 Osaka Municipal Transport Bureau website
 Kinki Sharyo 30000 series details
 Preview of the new 30000 series trains for Midōsuji Line

Electric multiple units of Japan
30000 series
30000 series
Train-related introductions in 2009
750 V DC multiple units
Kawasaki multiple units
Kinki Sharyo multiple units


Paul Rust  is an American actor, comedian and writer. He starred in the 2009 film I Love You, Beth Cooper and in the Netflix series Love.

Early life
Rust was born in Iowa, the son of Jeanne and Bob Rust. His family is of German heritage. Rust was raised Roman Catholic and attended Gehlen Catholic High School. His mother was a teacher at Le Mars Community High School and his father owned a Western goods and boot-repair shop. He graduated from the University of Iowa in May 2004.

Rust struggled with obsessive-compulsive disorder in his youth.

Career
Rust is best known as a stand-up and sketch comedian at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater in Los Angeles, where he is a member of the sketch comedy group A Kiss from Daddy and the improv team Last Day of School. He has appeared in films such as Inglourious Basterds, Ass Backwards, Freak Dance, Paper Heart and Semi-Pro. He made his most high-profile acting role in summer 2009, playing the male lead in the comedy film I Love You, Beth Cooper alongside Hayden Panettiere. Rust has written for television programs such as Human Giant and Moral Orel.

In November 2010, Rust appeared in the Comedy Central sketch comedy special This Show Will Get You High, created by and starring Matt Besser. He and Paul Reubens co-wrote the Pee-Wee Herman film Pee-wee's Big Holiday, which was released in 2016.

Rust appears as a frequent guest on the Comedy Bang! Bang! podcast, where he is best known for his "New No-Nos" segment. He has written for IFC's Comedy Bang! Bang! and also as a writer and story editor on the revived for Netflix fourth season of Arrested Development in 2013.

Rust starred in the Judd Apatow-produced Netflix series Love (2016–2018) with Gillian Jacobs. He co-created the show with his wife, Lesley Arfin.

Rust and the comedian Charlyne Yi formed the band The Glass Beef in 2006. They appeared together in a video for "Song Away" by Hockey. He is also the lead singer and bass guitar player in the comedy rock duo Don't Stop or We'll Die with fellow comedian Michael Cassady. The band had Harris Wittels on drums until his death.

In 2018, he started hosting In Voorhees We Trust With Gourley and Rust with Matt Gourley, a podcast series reviewing every film in the Friday the 13th franchise. The self-proclaimed "easy-listening cozy-cast," now simply titled With Gourley and Rust, has had several seasons analyzing and discussing horror films.

Personal life
Rust married the comedy writer and author Lesley Arfin in October 2015. They have a daughter born in 2017.

Filmography

Film

Television

Discography
Albums (with Don't Stop or We'll Die)
 Gorgeous (2014)
 Dazzle Me (2018)
SONG-A-WEEK Volume One: Bloom of the Goji (2021)
Lives of Leisure, SONG-A-WEEK Volume II (2021)
Signature Please (2023)

EPs (with Don't Stop or We'll Die)
 The Ballad of Bird and Fox (2008)
 One of the Gang (2011)
Diamond Skies Over Western Dreams (2019)

References

External links

Paul Rust on Myspace

Living people
Male actors from Iowa
American comedy musicians
American male film actors
American stand-up comedians
American male television actors
American male voice actors
American television writers
American male television writers
University of Iowa alumni
American people of German descent
Upright Citizens Brigade Theater performers
Screenwriters from Iowa
21st-century American comedians
American Roman Catholics
21st-century American screenwriters
21st-century American male writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
People with obsessive–compulsive disorder


Mitja Brulc (born 7 December 1979) is a retired Slovenian footballer.

Brulc had a spell in Norway with Molde and at Icelandic outfit HK Kópavogs in 2008. He joined Slovenian giants Maribor in 2007.

References

External links
Profile at NZS

Norwegian career stats - Fotball.no

1979 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Novo Mesto
Men's association football forwards
Slovenian men's footballers
Slovenia men's youth international footballers
Slovenia men's under-21 international footballers
NK IB 1975 Ljubljana players
NK Dravograd players
ND Gorica players
NK Celje players
Molde FK players
NK Maribor players
Handknattleiksfélag Kópavogs players
FC Koper players
NK Krka players
Slovenian PrvaLiga players
Eliteserien players
Úrvalsdeild karla (football) players
Slovenian Second League players
Slovenian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Slovenian expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Expatriate men's footballers in Iceland
Slovenian expatriate sportspeople in Iceland


Tripathi or Tripathy (Sanskrit: त्रिपाठी) is a Hindu Brahmin family name in India and Nepal. Trivedi and Tiwari are variants of the name.

Notable people
Notable people with this surname, who may or may not be affiliated to Brahmins, include:

Amish Tripathi, novelist
Anupam Tripathi, actor
Bharat Tripathi, English cricketer
Bhumi Tripathi, Nepalese Politician
Braja Kishore Tripathy, Indian politician
Chittaranjan Tripathy, Odia director, music director and actor
D. P. Tripathi, politician from the Nationalist Congress Party
Deepak Tripathi, British historian
Divyanka Tripathi, model and actress
Govardhanram Tripathi, Indian Gujarati-language writer
Geeta Tripathee (born 1972) Nepalese poet, lyricist, essayist, literary critic and scholar
Hridayesh Tripathi, Nepalese politician
Kamalapati Tripathi, politician and former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
Keshari Nath Tripathi, Bharatiya Janata Party politician and Governor of West Bengal
Kumud Tripathi, Bollywood actor
Kuna Tripathy, Indian actor
Lavanya Tripathi, model and actress working in Hindi, Telugu and Tamil films
Leslie Tripathy, Indian actress
Mansukhram Tripathi, Indian Gujarati-language writer
Pankaj Tripathi, Indian actor
Pravat Tripathy, Indian legislator
Rahul Tripathi, Indian first-class cricketer
Rakesh Kumar Tripathi, Hindi lyricist, screenwriter and director
Ramapati Ram Tripathi, Bharatiya Janata Party politician
Ravi K. Tripathi, Indian playback singer
S. N. Tripathi, Indian composer
Sadashiva Tripathy, Indian politician
Sanjeev Tripathi, former chief of Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)
Shweta Tripathi, Indian actress
Sunny Tripathy, Indian-American actor
Sunil Tripathi (1990–2013), American student who was wrongly accused as the perpetrator of the Boston Marathon bombing
Surajsrikan Diwakar Mani Tripathi, Singaporean convicted murderer sentenced to life imprisonment and caning
Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala', poet, novelist, essayist and story-writer
S Prakash Tiwari (born 1948), Indian biotechnologist, geneticist, agriculturalist and research director
Upendra Tripathy, IAS officer of Karnataka Cadre
Vani Tripathi, Indian actor and national secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party

See also
Trivedi
Pandey

Surnames of Indian origin
Gujarati-language surnames
Bahun
Nepali-language surnames
Khas surnames


Edward Ryley (or Riley) Langworthy (1797 - 7 April 1874) was a British businessman and an independent but Whig-leaning politician.

Langworthy was born in London, the son of a Somerset merchant. After spending some years in South and Central America, he moved to Salford, Lancashire in 1840 to establish a cotton business with his brother, George. Langworthy Brothers and Company was established at Greengate Mills.

When Salford was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1844, Langworthy was elected as the first alderman for Trinity ward. He was the borough's fifth mayor, elected for two consecutive terms from 1848 to 1850. His term as mayor saw the establishment of the free public museum and library at Peel Park

In January 1857, Salford's Whig Member of Parliament, Joseph Brotherton, died. Langworthy was selected as the party's candidate for the vacancy, and as the only nominee, was elected unopposed on 2 February. Following his election he gave a speech outlining his political views: he supported the temperance movement, free trade and civil and religious freedom, the reform of parliament, strengthened local government, but opposed any increase in the size of the country's armed forces. He was only Salford's MP for a matter of months, as he did not stand at the subsequent general election later in the year.

Langworthy retained his connection with Salford Corporation, and on his death in 1874 left £10,000 to the museum and library he had helped establish. Langworthy Road, constructed shortly after his death, was named in his memory by Salford Borough Council.

References

External links

1797 births
1874 deaths
Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1852–1857
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Salford
Mayors of Salford


Libušnje (; ) is a small village in the Municipality of Kobarid in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

Churches

The local church, dedicated to the Holy Spirit, was originally built in 1753, and rebuilt in the second half of the 19th century. Its ceiling was painted by Ivan Grohar.

Another local church is built on a small hill outside the village and is dedicated to Saint Lawrence. It is a Baroque church from the mid-18th century. The Slovene poet Simon Gregorčič is buried in the adjacent cemetery.

References

External links

Libušnje on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Kobarid


William Shatner's TekWorld (or Tek World) was a comic book series published by Epic Comics/Marvel, from 1992 to 1995. It is based on the TekWar novels.

Publication history
Lee Sullivan, who was the principal artist on the series (providing the art for 16 issues and all the covers), had worked with Evan Skolnick on Marvel's RoboCop series, and it was Skolnick who recommended Sullivan to the editor Fabian Nicieza when they lost the original artist for the project. Sullivan was also allowed to produce the full line art because, he says, "I had found it difficult to provide pencils that anyone could ink well, and the results were much better."

Following a request from Shatner, the look of the series was adjusted to parallel the television series when it was in production  Despite being more closely tied-into the expanding TekWar franchise, the title was one of those which got cut during Marvel's financial problems in the mid-nineties, with the last issue cover dated August 1994.

Issues
 "Born Again"
 "Across the Border"
 "Warbride Revisited"
 "Fatal Reunion"
 "Tek War"
 "Moon Kill"
 "Space Jack"
 "Welcome Back Cardigan"
 "Prison Bound"
 "Fugitives"
 "Disorder at the Border"
 "Chasing Shadows"
 "Bionic Duel"
 "Attack of the Zombies"
 "Plague?"
 "Back to the Freezer"
 "Destination Kyoto"
 "Showdown at the Shrine"
 "SIMS of the Father"
 "Hand of the Rising Son"
 "Who Aren't in Heaven"
 "Fathers & Guns"
 "We'll Be Right Back..."
 "A Matter of Innocence"

Collected editions
Part of the series has been collected into a trade paperback:

TekWorld (129 pages, February 1994, )

See also
Primortals – a comic series inspired by the writings of Leonard Nimoy
Tek Jansen

Notes

References

External links
TekWorld on Lee Sullivan's site
Tek World details

1992 comics debuts
Comics based on fiction


Surface-extended X-ray absorption fine structure (SEXAFS) is the surface-sensitive equivalent of the EXAFS technique. This technique involves the illumination of the sample by high-intensity X-ray beams from a synchrotron and monitoring their photoabsorption by detecting in the intensity of Auger electrons as a function of the incident photon energy. Surface sensitivity is achieved by the interpretation of data depending on the intensity of the Auger electrons (which have an escape depth of ~1–2 nm) instead of looking at the relative absorption of the X-rays as in the parent method, EXAFS.

The photon energies are tuned through the characteristic energy for the onset of core level excitation for surface atoms. The core holes thus created can then be filled by nonradiative decay of a higher-lying electron and communication of energy to yet another electron, which can then escape from the surface (Auger emission). The photoabsorption can therefore be monitored by direct detection of these Auger electrons to the total photoelectron yield. The absorption coefficient versus incident photon energy contains oscillations which are due to the interference of the backscattered Auger electrons with the outward propagating waves. The period of this oscillations depends on the type of the backscattering atom and its distance from the central atom. Thus, this technique enables the investigation of interatomic distances for adsorbates and their coordination chemistry.

This technique benefits from long range order not being required, which sometimes becomes a limitation in the other conventional techniques like LEED (about 10 nm). This method also largely eliminates the background from the signal. It also benefits because it can probe different species in the sample by just tuning the X-ray photon energy to the absorption edge of that species. Joachim Stöhr played a major role in the initial development of this technique.

Experimental setup

Synchrotron radiation sources
Normally, the SEXAFS work is done using synchrotron radiation as it has highly collimated, plane-polarized and precisely pulsed X-ray sources, with fluxes of 1012 to 1014 photons/sec/mrad/mA and greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio over that obtainable from conventional sources.  A bright source X-ray source is illuminating the sample and the transmission is being measured as the absorption coefficient as

where I is the transmitted and Io is the incident intensity of the X-rays. Then it is plotted against the energy of the incoming X-ray photon energy.

Electron detectors
In SEXAFS, an electron detector and a high-vacuum chamber is required to calculate the Auger yields instead of the intensity of the transmitted X-ray waves. The detector can be either an energy analyzer, as in the case of Auger measurements, or an electron multiplier, as in the case of total or partial secondary electron yield. The energy analyzer gives rise to better resolution while the electron multiplier has larger solid angle acceptance.

Signal-to-noise ratio
The equation governing the signal-to-noise ratio is

where
 μA is the absorption coefficient;
 In is the nonradiative contribution in electron counts/sec;
 Ib is the background contribution in electron counts/sec;
 μA is the absorption by the SEXAFS-producing element;
 μT is the total absorption by all the elements;
 Io is the incident intensity;
 n is the attenuation length;
 Ω/(4π) is the solid angle acceptance for the detector;
 εn is the nonradiative yield which is the probability that the electron will not decay radiatively and will actually get emitted as an Auger electron.

Physics

Basics
The absorption of an X-ray photon by the atom excites a core level electron, thus generating a core hole. This generates a spherical electron wave with the excited atom as the center. The wave propagates outwards and get scattered off from the neighbouring atoms and is turned back towards the central ionized atom. The oscillatory component of the photoabsorption originates from the coupling of this reflected wave to the initial state via the dipole operator Mfs as in (1). The Fourier transform of the oscillations gives the information about the spacing of the neighboring atoms and their chemical environment. This phase information is carried over to the oscillations in the Auger signal because the transition time in Auger emission is of the same order of magnitude as the average time for a photoelectron in the energy range of interest. Thus, with a proper choice of the absorption edge and characteristic Auger transition, measurement of the variation of the intensity in a particular Auger line as a function of incident photon energy would be a measure of the photoabsorption cross section.

This excitation also triggers various decay mechanisms. These can be of radiative (fluorescence) or nonradiative (Auger and Coster–Kronig) nature. The intensity ratio between the Auger electron and X-ray emissions depends on the atomic number Z. The yield of the Auger electrons decreases with increasing Z.

Theory of EXAFS
The cross section of photoabsorption is given by Fermi's golden rule, which, in the dipole approximation, is given as

where the initial state, i with energy Ei, consists of the atomic core and the Fermi sea, and the incident radiation field, the final state, ƒ with energy Eƒ (larger than the Fermi level), consists of a core hole and an excited electron. ε is the polarization vector of the electric field, e the electron charge, and ħω the x-ray photon energy. The photoabsorption signal contains a peak when the core level excitation is neared. It is followed by an oscillatory component which originates from the coupling of that part of the electron wave which upon scattering by the medium is turned back towards the central ionized atom, where it couples to the initial state via the dipole operator, Mi.

Assuming single-scattering and small-atom approximation for kRj >> 1, where Rj is the distance from the central excited atom to the jth shell of neighbors and k is the photoelectrons wave vector,

where ħωT is the absorption edge energy and Vo is the inner potential of the solid associated with exchange and correlation, the following expression for the oscillatory component of the photoabsorption cross section (for K-shell excitation) is obtained:

where the atomic scattering factor in a partial wave expansion with partial wave phase-shifts δl is given by

Pl(x) is the lth Legendre polynomial, γ is an attenuation coefficient, exp(−2σi2k2) is a Debye–Waller factor and weight Wj is given in terms of the number of atoms in the jth shell and their distance as

The above equation for the χ(k) forms the basis of a direct, Fourier transform, method of analysis which has been successfully applied to the analysis of the EXAFS data.

Incorporation of EXAFS-Auger
The number of electrons arriving at the detector with an energy of the characteristic WαXY Auger line (where Wα is the absorption edge core-level of element α, to which the incident x-ray line has been tuned) can be written as

where NB(ħω) is the background signal and  is the Auger signal we are interested in, where

where  is the probability that an excited atom will decay via WαXY Auger transition, ρα(z) is the atomic concentration of the element α at depth z, λ(WαXY) is the mean free path for an WαXY Auger electron, θ is the angle that the escaping Auger electron makes with the surface normal and κ is the photon emission probability which is dictated the atomic number. As the photoabsorption probability,  is the only term that is dependent on the photon energy, the oscillations in it as a function of energy would give rise to similar oscillations in the .

Notes

References

 Stöhr, J. (1988)  "SEXAFS: Everything you always wanted to know about SEXAFS but were afraid to ask" , in  X-Ray Absorption: Principles, Applications, Techniques of EXAFS, SEXAFS and XANES, Edits. D. Koningsberger and R. Prins, Wiley, 1988

External links

 Details about SEXAFS

X-ray absorption spectroscopy


Archery at the 1960 Summer Paralympics consisted of eight archery events, four for men and four for women.

Medal table

Participating nations

Medal summary

References

1960 Summer Paralympics events
1960
Paralympics


De Lamar Jensen is a historian of early modern Europe, and was a faculty member of the history department at Brigham Young University (BYU).  He wrote several books on Europe during the Renaissance and Reformation.

Biography
Jensen was born and raised in Idaho.  He was a fighter teaching pilot in World War II.  After the war he studied for a year at BYU and then was a physics teacher at a high school in Idaho for a year.  He then served a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Mexico and Guatemala.  It was while serving as a missionary that he decided to shift to studying history.  After his mission he returned to BYU and in 1952 earned a BA in history.  He then earned an MA and PhD from Columbia University. He then was a professor of history at New York University.

Jensen joined the BYU history department in 1957.  In 1979 he was a fellow of the Guggenheim Foundation.

Among Jensen's works are Renaissance Europe: Age of Recovery and Reconciliation, Reformation Europe: Age of Reform and Revolution, Confrontation at Worms: Martin Luther and the Diet of Worms and Diplomacy and Dogmatism: Bernardino de Mendoza and the French Catholic League.

Jensen served on the editorial committee of the Sixteenth Century Journal. He was the editor of Forums in History from 1973 to 1976.

Jensen has written several encyclopedia articles including the one on the Protestant Reformation for the Encyclopedia of Mormonism.  He also wrote the foreword to Arnold K. Garr's Christopher Columbus: A Latter-day Saints perspective.

From 1980-1983 Jensen served as the president of the Peru Arequipa Mission. He also served as a senior missionary for the church in Chile. He had also served as a bishop.

Jensen had been granted emeritus status from BYU by 1992 at which time he headed the universities committee in charge of celebration the quinta-centennial of Christopher Columbus' voyage to the Americas.  As recently as 2003 Jensen was a participant at a BYU lecture on Latter-day Saint perspectives on world history.

In 2008 the BYU history department established at De Lamar Jensen lectureship in Jensen's honor. In 2017 the BYU history department established the De Lamar Jensen Chair in Early Modern History.

Since being granted emeritus status Jensen has taken up mural painting.

References

21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
Brigham Young University alumni
Brigham Young University faculty
Columbia University alumni
Living people
Mission presidents (LDS Church)
American Mormon missionaries in Mexico
American Mormon missionaries in Guatemala
American Mormon missionaries in Peru
20th-century Mormon missionaries
Latter Day Saints from Idaho
Latter Day Saints from New York (state)
Latter Day Saints from Utah
Year of birth missing (living people)
New York University alumni
American World War II fighter pilots
American male non-fiction writers


An election verification exit poll (EVEP) is a relatively new concept in polling, intended to improve the accuracy of exit polls to such an extent that they can be used to verify election results. Traditional (media) exit polling relies on small samples, wheres EVEPs propose to use larger samples.

Motivation
A USAID document (written for US workers observing foreign elections) concludes that parallel vote tabulation "is the preferred tool for verifying election results where the context and local capacity permit. Exit polls can collect important data for understanding voter intent, providing insight into political and social dynamics [...] However, they provide limited hard evidence of manipulation."ASSESSING AND VERIFYING ELECTION RESULTS A DECISION-MAKER’S GUIDE TO PARALLEL VOTE TABULATION AND OTHER TOOLS

In the United States, exit polling is not accurate enough to be used as tool for verification of actual election results. Discrepancies are usually attributed to sampling bias in the exit polls.

Exit polling can however be used to question official results. For example, in the 2000 election in Yugoslavia, Slobodan Milošević claimed that he had defeated Vojislav Koštunica. However, exit polling (this was not an EVEP) differed significantly from the reported count, suggesting that the official vote count had been corrupted. Public and media pressure eventually forced Milošević to concede.

Particularly in the aftermath of the 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, it has been claimed that the introduction of electronic voting machines introduced problems with recounts of official vote counts due to their lack of paper trail. EVEPs have been suggested as a remedy, especially in precincts that have historically had problems with fair vote counts.

Proponents claim that EVEP findings can be used to challenge dubious official vote counts in court. However, EVEPs are not perfectly accurate. Poll results are subject to a margin of error. That makes them difficult to use to challenge election results where the official vote count is close.

Media exit polls

The difference between EVEPs and media exit polls lie in the purpose of the poll and polling methodologies. The purpose of a media exit poll is to strategically poll many precincts to obtain a representative sample for an entire district (e.g., state, city) so election outcomes can be predicted/dissected. Most polling is done before polling places close on Election Day so the exit poll results can be tabulated and immediately presented by news outlets. Since verifying particular precinct results is not an objective of media exit polls, typically only 1000-2000 voters are interviewed in an entire state. Relatively few voters are interviewed in any given precinct. Consequently, an EVEP can be considerably more reliable for targeted precincts than a media exit poll.

References

Types of polling
Elections


Dubey may refer to Dwivedi or Duvedi or Dube as a Hindu Brahmin surname. It may also refer to Dubé or Dube - a surname among some people of French origin.

Name
Notable people with this name include:

 Abhay Kumar Dubey
 Amrapali Dubey
 Bindeshwari Dubey
 Bodhram Dubey
 Chandra Shekhar Dubey
 Chandrashekhar Dubey
 Dushyant Dubey
 Ira Dubey
 Lillete Dubey
 Lushin Dubey
 Muchkund Dubey
 Neha Dubey
 Nishikant Dubey
 Pradeep Dubey
 Praveen Dubey
 Prem Ram Dubey
 Rajkumari Dubey
 Ravi Dubey
 Satyadev Dubey
 Satyajeet Dubey
 Satyendra Dubey
 Shivam Dubey
 Sourav Dubey
 Vikas Dubey
 Vijay Kumar Dubey

See also
 Indian names
 Dubey Schaldenbrand
 Dwivedi

Surnames of Indian origin