The 1992 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Matrix Essentials Evert Cup were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1992 ATP Tour, and of the Tier II Series of the 1992 WTA Tour. It was held from February 24 through March 1 for the women, and from March 2 through March 8 for the men.

Finals

Men's singles

 Michael Chang defeated  Andrei Chesnokov, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
It was Chang's 1st title of the year and his 7th overall. It was his 1st Masters title of the year and his 2nd overall.

Women's singles

 Monica Seles defeated  Conchita Martínez, 6–3, 6–1
It was Seles' 23rd title overall.

Men's doubles

 Steve DeVries /  David MacPherson defeated  Kent Kinnear /  Sven Salumaa, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3

Women's doubles

 Claudia Kohde-Kilsch /  Stephanie Rehe defeated  Jill Hetherington /  Kathy Rinaldi, 6–3, 6–3

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

1992 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup and the Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Matrix Essentials Evert Cup


The 2nd//11th (County Armagh) Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment was formed in 1991 as a result of an amalgamation between the 2nd Battalion Ulster Defence Regiment and the 11th Battalion Ulster Defence Regiment.  The resultant 2/11 UDR was subsumed into the Royal Irish Rangers in 1992 as part of the Options for Change amalgamations and was renamed the 6th Battalion Royal Irish Regiment.

Uniform, armament & equipment

Greenfinches

Notable personnel
 :Category:Ulster Defence Regiment soldiers
 :Category:Ulster Defence Regiment officers

Bibliography

 A Testimony to Courage – the Regimental History of the Ulster Defence Regiment 1969 – 1992, John Potter, Pen & Sword Books Ltd, 2001,
 The Ulster Defence Regiment: An Instrument of Peace?, Chris Ryder 1991
  Lost Lives, David McKittrick, Mainstream, 2004,

1991 establishments in the United Kingdom
1992 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Battalions of the Ulster Defence Regiment
Military history of County Armagh
Military units and formations disestablished in 1992
Military units and formations established in 1991


The 1st/9th (County Antrim) Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment was formed in 1984 as a result of an amalgamation between the 1st Battalion Ulster Defence Regiment and the 9th Battalion Ulster Defence Regiment.

The amalgamated battalion was the largest in the British Army.

Formation
The formation of the merged battalion was carried out on 20 May 1984, and was done as result of the Royal Ulster Constabulary's territorial reorganisation.  In order to keep their own organisation closely linked to that of the police the UDR carried out its own reorganisation.

History
Battalion HQ in Antrim became the headquarters of the new battalion with companies based at Antrim, Larne, Carrickfergus and Ballymena.

The Coleraine company was transferred to 5UDR and the Lisburn company to 11UDR.

1/9 UDR was responsible for the 700 square mile territory comprising South and mid-Antrim, taking in 153 square miles of Lough Neagh.

1/9 UDR was one of the units merged with the Royal Irish Rangers in 1992 as part of the amalgamation which formed the Royal Irish Regiment.

Uniform, armament & equipment

See: Ulster Defence Regiment Uniform, armament & equipment

Greenfinches

Notable personnel
 :Category:Ulster Defence Regiment soldiers
 :Category:Ulster Defence Regiment officers

See also
The Ulster Defence Regiment
List of battalions and locations of the Ulster Defence Regiment

Bibliography
 A Testimony to Courage – the Regimental History of the Ulster Defence Regiment 1969 – 1992, John Potter, Pen & Sword Books Ltd, 2001,
 The Ulster Defence Regiment: An Instrument of Peace?, Chris Ryder 1991

References

Battalions of the Ulster Defence Regiment
Military history of County Antrim
1984 establishments in the United Kingdom
1992 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Military units and formations established in 1984
Military units and formations disestablished in 1992


The 4th/6th (County Fermanagh and County Tyrone) Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment was formed in 1991 as a result of an amalgamation between the 4th Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment and the 6th Battalion, Ulster Defence Regiment. The resultant 4/6 UDR was subsumed into the Royal Irish Rangers in 1992 as part of the amalgamation which formed the Royal Irish Regiment.

Uniform, armament & equipment

See: Ulster Defence Regiment Uniform, armament & equipment

Greenfinches

Notable personnel
 :Category:Ulster Defence Regiment soldiers
 :Category:Ulster Defence Regiment officers

See also
Ulster Defence Regiment
List of battalions and locations of the Ulster Defence Regiment

Bibliography

 A Testimony to Courage – the Regimental History of the Ulster Defence Regiment 1969 – 1992, John Potter, Pen & Sword Books Ltd, 2001,
 The Ulster Defence Regiment: An Instrument of Peace?, Chris Ryder 1991
  Lost Lives, David McKittrick, Mainstream, 2004,

References

Military history of County Fermanagh
Military history of County Tyrone
Battalions of the Ulster Defence Regiment
1991 establishments in the United Kingdom
1992 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Military units and formations established in 1991
Military units and formations disestablished in 1992


Local government in Northern Ireland was reorganised in 1973 by the Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 and the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972. The county councils, county borough and municipal borough corporations and urban and rural district councils were replaced by twenty-six local government districts.

Elections took place for all the seats on the district councils on 30 May 1973. Elections were by proportional representation, using the single transferable vote system. The district councils came into their powers on 1 October.

Results

Overall

Results by council

References

1973
1973 United Kingdom local elections
1973 elections in Northern Ireland


Alfred Roy Parsons  (24 May 1925 – 19 June 2010) was an Australian diplomat from 1947 to 1988. He
was the Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 1983 to 1987, only the second career diplomat to hold the position.

Parsons was born in Hobart and educated at Hobart High School and the University of Tasmania. He joined the Department of External Affairs (now the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade) in Canberra in 1947. He was posted to Australian missions in Jakarta, Rangoon, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Berlin, the United Nations (New York City), and London. His postings to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and London were as High Commissioner. From 1976 to 1984, he was a Deputy Secretary of the department, responsible for Asian affairs.

He died in Canberra in 2010, aged 85, survived by his wife, Jill, two sons and a daughter.

Honours
 Appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) on 9 June 1986 for "Public service as a diplomatic representative".
 Awarded the Centenary Medal on 1 January 2001 for "A significant contribution over many years to international relations".

References

1925 births
2010 deaths
High Commissioners of Australia to Singapore
High Commissioners of Australia to Malaysia
High Commissioners of Australia to the United Kingdom
Permanent Representatives of Australia to the International Maritime Organization
Officers of the Order of Australia
University of Tasmania alumni
People from Hobart
People from Canberra


Corop is a town in the Goulburn Valley region of Victoria, Australia. The town is in the Shire of Campaspe and on the Midland Highway,  north of the state capital, Melbourne. At the , Corop and the surrounding area had a population of 129, while the town itself claims a population of 33.

Near the town are Lake Cooper and Greens Lake, both popular venues for aquatic activities. The town is home to as many holiday homes as permanent dwellings and the town is much larger in holiday times.

Corop Post Office opened on 1 January 1868.

References

External links

Towns in Victoria (state)


Lindsay Ashford is a British crime novelist and journalist. Her style of writing has been compared to that of Vivien Armstrong, Linda Fairstein and Frances Fyfield. Many of her books follow the character of Megan Rhys, an investigative psychologist.

Life
Raised in Wolverhampton, Ashford became the first woman to graduate from Queens' College, Cambridge in its 550-year history. She gained a degree in criminology. Ashford was then employed as a reporter for the BBC before becoming a freelance journalist, writing for a number of national magazines and newspapers. In 1996, she took a crime writing course run by the Arvon Foundation. Her first book, Frozen, was published by Honno in 2003.

Strange Blood was shortlisted for the 2006 Theakston's Old Peculier Crime Novel of the Year Award. She wrote The Rubber Woman for the Quick Reads series in 2007.

Her historical mystery, The Mysterious Death of Miss Austen, was adapted for radio by Andrew Davies and Eileen Horne. It was broadcast on BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour in February 2014.

Her novel, With Love and Crocodiles, was published independently on 4 November 2013, and was then revised and re-published in April 2015, under the title, "The Color of Secrets."

Her latest book, published in 2016, "The Woman on the Orient Express," is a novel with a fictional version Agatha Christie as its heroine.

Ashford currently lives on the Welsh coast near Aberystwyth.

Bibliography
Frozen, 2003, Honno
Also published in the United States, August, St Martin's Press
Death Studies, June 2006, Honno
The Rubber Woman, March 2007, Accent Press
Strange Blood, July 2007, Honno
The Killer Inside, March 2008, Honno
The Mysterious Death of Miss Austen, October 2011, Honno
With Love and Crocodiles, November 2013, CreateSpace, revised and published as "The Color of Secrets", April 2015, Lake Union Publishing
The Woman on the Orient Express, September 2016, Lake Union Publishing

Also contributed to
Written in Blood – A Honno Crime Anthology, February 2009, Honno

External links
Meet the Author: Lindsay Ashford

References

Living people
English women journalists
British crime journalists
Writers from Wolverhampton
Alumni of Queens' College, Cambridge
English women novelists
21st-century English novelists
1959 births
21st-century English women writers
Women crime writers


Tom Olbison (born 20 March 1991) is an English professional rugby league footballer who last played as a  forward for the Toronto Wolfpack in the Betfred Super League

He has previously played for the Bradford Bulls and the Widnes Vikings in the Super League. He spent time on loan from Bradford at the Dewsbury Rams in the Championship.

Background
Tom Olbison was born in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.

Olbison is from Leeds and was a member of the Bulls Scholarship Programme before joining the club in 2007. He made rapid strides in his two years at the club and was another player who was selected for the England Academy Tour to Australia. He was tipped for a big future in the game.

Bradford Bulls
2009 – 2009 Season

Olbison made his Super League début against Warrington Wolves, he did not feature for the Bradford club in any more games that season.

2010 – 2010 Season

Olbison featured in three consecutive games for the Bradford club, Warrington, Hull Kingston Rovers and Catalans Dragons. His next games for the Bulls were the final three games of 2010 against St. Helens, Wakefield Trinity Wildcats and Wigan. Olbison also featured in the Challenge Cup game against Dewsbury. His only try was against Catalans Dragons.

2011 – 2011 Season

Olbison featured in two of the three pre-season games. He played against Dewsbury and Keighley.

Olbison played in ten consecutive games from Round 2 (Wigan) until Round 11 (Leeds). Olbison's then appeared in an addition five consecutive games between Round 13 (Warrington) and Round 17 (St. Helens). Olbison also appeared in the Challenge Cup game against Wigan. He scored a try against Wakefield Trinity Wildcats. He picked up an injury and did not feature in any more games that season.

2012 – 2012 Season

Olbison featured in one of the four pre-season friendlies. He played against Castleford. He didn't feature in any more friendlies due to an injury he picked up in the Castleford game.

Olbison missed Rounds 1–9 due to an injury. He featured in two consecutive games from Round 11 (Widnes) to Round 12 (Huddersfield). Olbison also featured in nine consecutive games from Round 16 (Castleford Tigers) to Round 24 (Hull Kingston Rovers). Olbison also appeared in Round 26 (Hull F.C.) and Round 27 (Catalans Dragons). He also featured in the Challenge Cup against Doncaster.

2013 – 2013 Season

Olbison featured in the pre-season friendlies against Dewsbury and Leeds.

He featured in eleven consecutive games from Round 1 (Wakefield Trinity Wildcats) to Round 11 (London Broncos). Olbison was injured for Round 12. Tom featured in Round 14 (Leeds Rhinos) and Round 16 (Huddersfield). Olbison returned to the team for Round 18 (St. Helens) to Round 19 (Widnes). Tom was injured for Rounds 20–21. Olbison featured in Round 22 (Hull F.C.) to Round 27 (Huddersfield). He scored against Leeds (1 try) and Wakefield Trinity Wildcats (1 try). He signed an improved 2-year deal to stay with Bradford midway through the season.

2014 – 2014 Season

Olbison featured in the pre-season games against Hull FC and Castleford Tigers.

He featured in Round 1 (Castleford Tigers). He was injured for Round 2. Olbison featured in Round 3 (London Broncos) to Round 7 (Widnes) then in Round 9 (Leeds) to Round 27 (London Broncos). Tom also featured in Round 5 (Catalans Dragons) to the quarter-final (Warrington Wolves) in the Challenge Cup. He scored against London Broncos (1 try), Warrington (2 tries), Wakefield Trinity Wildcats (1 try), Salford (1 try), Catalans Dragons (1 try) and Widnes Vikings (1 try).

Olbison signed a new two-year deal with Bradford even though they were relegated to the Championship.

2015 – 2015 Season

Olbison featured in the pre-season friendlies against Castleford and Leeds.

He featured in Round 1 (Leigh Centurions) to Round 7 (Halifax) then in Round 9 (London Broncos) to Round 20 (Hunslet Hawks). Tom played in Round 22 (Leigh) to Round 23 (Halifax). Olbison played in Qualifier 1 (Sheffield Eagles) to Qualifier 6 (Leigh). Tom played in the £1 Million Game (Wakefield Trinity Wildcats). He also featured in the Challenge Cup in Round 4 (Workington Town) to Round 5 (Hull Kingston Rovers). He scored against Hunslet Hawks (1 try) and Sheffield Eagles (1 try).

2016 – 2016 Season

Olbison featured in the pre-season friendlies against Leeds and Castleford.

He featured in Round 1 (Featherstone Rovers) to Round 5 (Oldham) then in Round 7 (London Broncos) to Round 16 (Dewsbury). Olbison played in Round 18 (Batley) then in Round 20 (Leigh). He featured in Round 22 (Oldham) to Round 23 (Featherstone Rovers). Olbison played in the Championship Shield Game 1 (Whitehaven) to the Final (Sheffield Eagles). Tom played in the Challenge Cup in the 4th Round (Dewsbury). He scored against Swinton (3 tries), Dewsbury (1 try), Oldham (1 try) and Sheffield Eagles (1 try).

Widnes Vikings

Following Bradford's liquidation, Olbison became a free agent and signed a one-year deal with Super League side Widnes.

Statistics

References

External links

Toronto Wolfpack profile
Widnes Vikings profile
Bradford Bulls profile
SL profile

1991 births
Living people
Bradford Bulls players
Dewsbury Rams players
English rugby league players
People educated at Garforth Academy
Rugby league players from Leeds
Rugby league second-rows
Toronto Wolfpack players
English expatriate rugby league players
English expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Expatriate rugby league players in Canada
Widnes Vikings players


Andrew Lynch may refer to:

Andrew Burchill Lynch (1941–2001), Canadian publisher
Andrew Lynch (singer-songwriter), American singer-songwriter
Andrew Lynch (mayor) (died 1523), mayor of Galway
Andrew Lynch (jockey), Irish jockey
Andrew Lynch (Australian politician) (1819–1884), New South Wales politician
Andy Lynch (footballer) (born 1951), from Scotland
Andy Lynch (musician), from New Zealand band Zed
Andy Lynch (rugby league) (born 1979), rugby league footballer for Castleford Tigers, Hull FC, Bradford Bulls, England, and Great Britain
Andrew Henry Lynch, Member of the UK Parliament for Galway Borough
 Drew Lynch (born Andrew Lynch, 1991), American comedian


Peter Fox is a New York City artist who attended the Tyler School of Art in Philadelphia and Rome, receiving an MFA in painting before settling in Brooklyn, New York.

Fox has internationally exhibited his conceptually-driven "Process" and "Word" series paintings in such venues as Pierogi, Roebling Hall, Eyewash Gallery, Esso Gallery, ISE Cultural Foundation, The Hogar Collection, White Box and The University Art Museum at State University of New York in New York, The Hunterdon Art Museum and Rupert Ravens Contemporary in New Jersey, Curator's Office (Washington, DC), Arin Contemporary Art/Dust Gallery (Laguna Beach/Las Vegas), Scott Richards Contemporary Art (San Francisco), Docks Art Fair (Lyon), Galleria Milano (Milan), Galleria Martano (Turin) and Magazzino d’Arte Moderna (Rome). His work has been featured in The Brooklyn Rail, ArtNotes, WAGMAG, The Washington Post, Segno and TimeOut Roma, among other publications.

References

External links

American contemporary painters
Living people
1962 births
20th-century American painters
American male painters
20th-century American male artists


Josef Berger (born July 24, 1949 in Varnsdorf) is a Czech scientist. He
is a full professor at the University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. His areas are biomodel development and information gaining.

Career
Berger is a graduate of the Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science (MSc 1973, RNDr 1979, PhD 1984). He worked as a scientist and professor at the Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University Hospital in Hradec Králové, University of Pardubice, Masaryk University in Brno. He is a (co)author of 16 books, about 100 scientific papers (original articles and reviews), three hundred popular-science articles and the first Czech University ranking (2007). He prepared the strategy for the University Pardubice foundation (1989-1992), initiated the first Czech bachelor programme in clinical biology (University of Pardubice, 1992), the first Czech master programme in clinical biology (University of South Bohemia, 1998. He also was elected member of the main board of Czechoslovak Biological Society (1997-2000, 2000-2003, 2003–2006) and the Editor-in-Chief of the international Journal of Applied Biomedicine.

Personal life
Berger is married with two sons.

Bibliography

Selected books
J. Berger: Informatika v klinické praxi pro lékaře a klinické biology. Grada/Avicenum 1993. .
J. Berger: Advances in Cell and Molecular Biology. Kopp Publ. 2005. .

References

External links
 Detailed biography (in English)

1949 births
Living people
Biomedical engineers
Czech bioengineers
Academic staff of Masaryk University
People from Varnsdorf
Academic staff of the University of South Bohemia


The City Without Jews () is a 1924 Austrian Expressionist film by Hans Karl Breslauer, based on the novel of the same title by Hugo Bettauer. The film is one of the few surviving Expressionist films from Austria and has therefore been well researched. The film was first shown on 25 July 1924 in Vienna.

In his novel, published in 1922, Hugo Bettauer succeeded in creating a relatively accurate allegorical vision of the near future. Although the book was intended for entertainment and as a satirical response to the primitive antisemitism of the 1920s, it immediately became Bettauer's most popular work. It was translated into several languages, and sold over a quarter of a million copies. Shortly after the premiere of the film Hugo Bettauer was murdered by Otto Rothstock, a former member of the Nazi Party, who was lionized by the antisemitic Austrian masses and was released less than two years after having been committed to a psychiatric institution.

Plot
In Austria the Christian Social Party comes to power, and the new Chancellor Dr. Schwerdtfeger, a fanatical antisemite, sees his people as being ruled by the Jews. He, therefore, has a law passed by the National Assembly forcing all Jews to emigrate by the end of the year. The law is enthusiastically received by the non-Jewish population, and the Jews leave the country. Cultural life later becomes impoverished, in the theatres only plays by Ludwig Ganghofer and Ludwig Anzengruber are still performed. Many cafes are empty, or are converted into beer halls selling sausages. After an initial upturn, the economy declines, as business has greatly diminished, and has moved to other cities, such as Prague and Budapest. Inflation and unemployment are consistently depicted.

The political characters of the book (although not of the film, to avoid difficulties with censorship) are delineated in such a way as to be identifiable with real politicians of the period; Bundeskanzler Schwerdtfeger, for example, is based on Ignaz Seipel. Besides the political action, the film also notes the love relationship between Lotte (Anny Milety), a typical Viennese girl () and the daughter of a member of the National Assembly who voted for the banishment of the Jews, and the Jewish artist Leo Strakosch (Johannes Riemann).

Towards the end of the film, the National Assembly resolves to bring the Jews back again. However, to achieve the necessary two-thirds majority, Lotte and Leo, who have already illegally returned to Austria with forged papers identifying him as a French painter, have to remove the antisemitic parliamentary representative Bernard (played by Hans Moser), which they do by getting him drunk. He is committed to a psychiatric institution represented in Expressionist scenery, where in a claustrophobic and asymmetrically painted cell, he sees himself threatened by Stars of David.

This sequence also represents the divergence of the film from the book, as the action of the film is revealed as a dream of the antisemitic Councillor Bernard. This turn of events was described in the original film program as,"In this moment of the highest distress Councillor Bernard awakes from his dream, finds himself in the tavern at a very late hour and says to the baffled Volbert; Thank God that stupid dream is over—we are all just people and we don't want hate—we want life—we want to live together in peace.'"

Background
The film was made in 1924, about two years after the publication of Bettauer's novel. It differs from the book in several ways: for example, the city in the film is called "Utopia", instead of "Vienna". The film also has a conciliatory happy ending, which is not only the exact opposite of the message of the book, but also represents a change of direction within the film itself, which is thus revealed as the dream of an antisemite who at last comes to the realization that the Jews are a "necessary evil". The reason for these deviations from the original was to reduce the controversial political impact of the content.

The film was Hans Moser's second cinematic role. The female lead was played, as so often in Breslauer's films, by Anny (or Anna) Milety, whom he later married (in 1925). The well-known Jewish actors Gisela Werbisek (billed as "Werbezirk") and Armin Berg appeared only in minor roles, as Kathi the cook and Isidor the commissionaire. The Expressionist backdrops and decor that characterise some scenes were the work of Julius von Borsody.

Other cast members were Eugen Neufeld (Bundeskanzler Dr. Schwerdtfeger), Karl Thema (Cllr. Linder), Ferdinand Mayerhofer (Cllr. Volbert), Mizzi Griebl (Volbert's wife) and Hans Effenberger (Alois Carroni).

Performance history
The premiere took place on 25 July 1924 in Vienna, although there were still technical problems with the film. Bettauer and Breslauer, the director, fell out entirely, and Bettauer later refused to acknowledge any connection between the film and his book. The technically inferior prints of the film were often manually cut and shortened by the cinema owners themselves. Nevertheless, the cinema auditoriums were often full,  not only in Austria but also in Berlin (premiere 1926) and New York (premiere 1928, where it was shown as The City Without Jews). It was very clear that the success of the film was not as great as that of the book. There were sometimes disturbances at performances: National Socialists often threw stinkbombs into the cinemas; in Linz the film was banned.

A campaign of vilification against Bettauer was instigated, partly because of this film and partly because of his other activities. In the spring of 1925 he was murdered by a Nazi Party member, Otto Rothstock, who was hailed as a hero and despite being found guilty of murder, was sent to a mental hospital and, after 18 months, set free. A fair amount of money was collected from the general public for him.

In 1933, the film was shown commercially for the last time, again causing a stir, when it was screened in the Amsterdam theatre Carré as a protest against Hitler's Germany. This copy of the film is presumably the same as the one discovered in 1991 in the Nederlands Filmmuseum. It was on a cellulose nitrate base and on the point of disintegration, as well as being incomplete. The German Bundesarchiv in Coblenz therefore made an "emergency copy", which was then reconstructed on behalf of the Filmarchiv Austria (Austrian Film Archive) by the company HS-ART Digital Service of Graz using the "DIAMANT" software developed by Joanneum Research; faded parts were then re-colored. In October 2008, the film was made available on a portable medium for the first time as part of the DVD series  Der österreichische Film.

In 2015, a copy of the whole film in excellent condition was found in a flea market in Paris. The Austrian Film Archive organized a crowd-funding campaign to save the film to which more than 700 people contributed more than €86,000 (£72,000; $107,000). This full version of the film was digitally restored and re-released in 2018.

Critical reaction

See also
A Day Without a Mexican, a 2004 film on the effects of the sudden disappearance of all Mexican immigrants on American life
Berlin Without Jews, a similar novel likely inspired by The City Without Jews

Notes

References

Bibliography
 Walter Fritz und Josef Schuchnig (eds.), 1991: Die Stadt ohne Juden. Materialien zum Film. Österreichisches Filmarchiv, Vienna, (Schriftenreihe des Österreichischen Filmarchivs; Folge 26).
 Guntram Geser und Armin Loacker (eds.), 2000: Die Stadt ohne Juden. Filmarchiv Austria, Vienna (Reihe Edition Film und Text. 3.) .

External links
 "DIE STADT OHNE JUDEN" COMPLETE SILENT FILM

  LibriVox Audiobook edition
 Gutenberg.spiegel.de Die Stadt ohne Juden – Bettauer's novel online
  New York : Bloch, 1926 English language translation
 Die Stadt ohne Juden at filmportal.de/en

 Rezension von Guntram Geser and Armin Loacker (eds.): Die Stadt ohne Juden. Filmarchiv Austria, Wien 2000

1924 films
Austrian silent feature films
1920s political films
Films based on Austrian novels
Films set in Vienna
Films set in the future
Jews and Judaism in Vienna
Austrian black-and-white films
Films directed by Hans Karl Breslauer
Films about antisemitism
Films about dreams


The 1991 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Virginia Slims of Palm Springs were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the tournament, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1991 ATP Tour, and of the Tier II Series of the 1991 WTA Tour. It was held from March 2 through March 16, 1991.

In the men's tournament, Jim Courier won both the singles and doubles tournaments, partnering Javier Sánchez in the latter. This is the first time ever that a male player achieved both titles at the same year.

Champions

Men's singles

 Jim Courier def.  Guy Forget, 4–6, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–4)
It was Jim Courier's 1st title of the year and his 2nd overall. It was his 1st Masters title.

Women's singles

 Martina Navratilova def.  Monica Seles 6–2, 7–6(8–6)
It was Martina Navratilova's 2nd title of the year and her 154th overall.

Men's doubles

 Jim Courier /  Javier Sánchez def.  Guy Forget /  Henri Leconte 7–6, 3–6, 6–3

Women's doubles

The women's doubles final was not played due to rain.

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

1991 Newsweek Champions Cup And The Virginia Slims Of Palm Springs
Newsweek Champions Cup
Virginia Slims Of Palm Springs
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Virginia Slims Of Palm Springs
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Virginia Slims Of Palm Springs
Newsweek Champions Cup And The Virginia Slims Of Palm Springs


The 1990 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Virginia Slims of Indian Wells Cup were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament, and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1990 ATP Tour, and of the Tier II Series of the 1990 WTA Tour.  It was held from March 6 to March 20, 1990.

The men's singles draw was headlined by Boris Becker and Stefan Edberg. Other top seeds were Brad Gilbert, Aaron Krickstein, and Andre Agassi.

The women's singles draw featured Martina Navratilova and Conchita Martínez. Other top seeds present were Helena Suková, Jana Novotná, and Katerina Maleeva.

Finals

Men's singles

 Stefan Edberg defeated  Andre Agassi, 6–4, 5–7, 7–6, 7–6
It was Stefan Edberg's 1st title of the year and his 22nd overall. It was his 1st Masters title.

Women's singles

 Martina Navratilova defeated  Helena Suková, 6–2, 5–7, 6–1,
It was Martina Navratilova's 3rd title of the year and the 149th of her career.

Men's doubles

 Boris Becker /  Guy Forget defeated  Jim Grabb /  Patrick McEnroe, 4–6, 6–4, 6–3

Women's doubles

 Jana Novotná /  Helena Suková defeated  Gigi Fernández /  Martina Navratilova, 6–2, 7–6(8–6)

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

1990 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Virginia Slims of Indian Wells
Virginia Slims of Indian Wells
Newsweek Champions Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup and the Virginia Slims of Indian Wells


De primo Saxonum adventu  is a historical work, probably written in Durham during the episcopate of Ranulf Flambard (1099–1128). It recounts the coming of the English (called the "Saxons") to Great Britain, treating individually the history of the rulers of the Kingdom of Kent, the Kingdom of East Anglia, the Kingdom of Northumbria (to Erik Bloodaxe), as well as the archbishops of Canterbury and the archbishops of York, the bishops of Durham and the earls of Northumbria.

Although it exists in many recensions updated in later years, the earliest version contains a list of Durham bishops, ending with Ranulf Flambard. It was written in the time of Symeon of Durham, and thus Symeon may have had a role in the authorship of the text. It appears to be related to a text called the Series regum Northymbrensium, a list of rulers of Northumbria beginning with Ida and ending with Henry I, a text existing only in the manuscript Cambridge University Library, Ff. i.27, one of the ten manuscripts containing the Libellus de exordio.

Notes

References

12th-century Latin books
Latin historical texts from Norman and Angevin Durham


Deinking is the industrial process of removing printing ink from paperfibers of recycled paper to make deinked pulp.

The key in the deinking process is the ability to detach ink from the fibers. This is achieved by a combination of mechanical action and chemical means. In Europe the most common process is froth flotation deinking.

Paper is one of the main targets for recycling. A concern about recycling wood pulp paper is that the fibers are degraded with each cycle and after being recycled 4–6 times the fibers become too short and weak to be useful in making paper.

History

Before the invention of the paper machine in 1799 the most common fibre source was recycled fibres from used textiles, hence the name rag paper. The rags were from hemp, linen and cotton. It was not until the introduction of wood pulp in 1843 that paper production was independent of recycled materials.

Recycling of used paper before the industrialisation of paper production, rag paper was recycled to make low-grade board. A process for removing printing inks from recycled paper was invented by German jurist Justus Claproth in 1774. He practiced together with German paper producer Johann Engelhard Schmid. Today this method is called deinking.

First in the 1950s and 1960s the use of recycled fibres from paper made of wood pulp begun to increase, and was mainly used in packaging paper and paperboard. In the 1950s the froth flotation technique was adapted for deinking recycled paper. Use of recovered paper increased in the 1970s mainly in graphic and hygienic papers, and accelerated in the 1980s. The annual growth in use of recovered paper increased by 6% between 1980 and 1996. The use of virgin fibres only increased 2% in the same period. In 1997 recovered paper production was 42% of the total paper production.

Deinking process

Sorting
Waste paper may contain a mixture of different paper types made of mixtures of different paperfibers. These must be sorted before processed. Broke (paper waste from paper production) is normally used directly in the papermachine.
 Office waste (OW)
 Old magazine papers (OMP)
 Old newsprint (ONP)
 Paperboard
 Corrugated fiberboard
Recycled paper can be used to make paper of the same or lower quality than it was originally. The sorted paper is baled and shipped to a papermill. The pulpmill uses waste paper grade according to the paper quality they want to make.

Debaling
The bales are opened and large foreign objects are sorted out on the conveyor belt to the pulper. Many extraneous materials are readily removed. Twine, strapping, etc. are removed from the hydropulper by a "ragger". Metal straps and staples can be screened out or removed by a magnet. Film-backed pressure-sensitive tape stays intact: the PSA adhesive and the backing are both removed together.

Pulping
Pulpers are either batch, which uses a tub with a high shear rotor, or continuous, using a long, perforated drum.  Drum pulpers are very expensive but have the advantage of not breaking up contaminants, thus giving cleaner end product.

The pulper chops the paper to smaller pieces; water and chemicals are added. Normally the pH is adjusted to 8.5 - 10.0. Normal deinking chemicals are:
 pH control: sodium silicate or sodium hydroxide
 Bleaching: hydrogen peroxide
 Calcium ion source: hard water, lime or calcium chloride
 Collector: fatty acid, fatty acid emulsion, fatty acid soap or organo-modified siloxane
After pulping, the mixture is a slurry. The slurry goes to screening.

Cleaning and screening
Centrifugal cleaning is spinning the pulp slurry in a cleaner, causing materials that are denser than pulp fibers to move outward and be rejected. Screens, with either slots or holes, are used to remove contaminants that are larger than pulp fibers.

Materials which are more difficult to remove include wax coatings on corrugated cartons and stickies, soft rubbery particles which can make deposits and contaminate the recycled paper. Stickies can originate from book bindings, hot melt adhesives, PSA adhesives from paper labels, laminating adhesives of reinforced gummed tapes, etc.

Deinking stage
In the deinking stage the goal is to release and remove the hydrophobic contaminants from the recycled paper. The contaminants are mostly printing ink and stickies. Several processes are used, most commonly flotation or washing.

Flotation deinking

Froth flotation was adapted from the flotation process used in the mining industry in the 1960s. It is the most common deinking process in Europe used to recover recycled paper. Often most of the collector is added to the inlet of the flotation. The process temperatures are normally in the range 45 - 55 °C. Air is blown into the pulp suspension. The collector has affinity both to the ink particles and air bubbles, causing them to attach. The air bubbles lift the ink to the surface and form a thick froth that can be removed. Normally the setup is a two-stage system with 3, 4 or 5 flotation cells in series. Flotation deinking is very effective in removing ink particles larger than about 10 µm.

Wash deinking
Wash deinking consists of a washing stage where dispersants are added to wash out the printing inks. When the pulp slurry is dewatered (thickened), the medium to fine particles are washed out. This process is most useful for removing particles smaller than about 30 µm, like water-based inks, fillers, coating particles, fines and micro stickies. This process is more common when making deinked pulp for tissue. The processing equipment are  belt filters, pressure belt filters, disk filters and static filters. This stage is much more efficient than normal washing / dewatering stages.

Combined washing and flotation
High quality deinking of office wastes and other printing papers often commonly uses a combination of washing and flotation.

Enzymatic deinking
This method of deinking uses industrial or food grade enzymes in conjunction with flotation deinking to aid in the removal of inks in recycling mills. More efficient removal of ink increases fiber yield, decreases dirt count, and increases paper brightness. Often the use of enzymatic deinking helps mills reduce their bleach usage or use cheaper furnish.

Other deinking processes
Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is used by some mills in the deinking stage and will remove some ink and filler (ash); however, it is mainly used to clarify the process water.

Washing / dewatering
Washing / dewatering (thickening) is a filtration process. Small particles (< 5 µm) are removed by passing water through the pulp.

Bleaching

If white paper is desired, bleaching uses peroxides or hydrosulfites to increase the brightness of the pulp. The bleaching methods are similar for mechanical pulp, but the goal is to make the fiber brighter.

Papermaking
The deinked fiber is made into a new paper product in the same way as virgin wood fiber, see papermaking.

Byproducts
The unusable material left over, mainly ink, plastics, filler and short fibers, is called sludge. The sludge is buried in a landfill, burned to create energy at the paper mill or used as a fertilizer by local farmers.

Problems
Water based flexographic printing inks with particle sizes below 5 µm and poor solubility in alkaline conditions may cause problems in deinking, especially in the flotation stage. The solution is to use an extra acidic washing stage.

Temperature control is important as this affects the stickiness of stickies.

Additional issues arise when taking into account the number of chemicals potentially present in paper for recycling. Studies have indicated that paper might contain as many as 10,000 different chemicals, fate of which in the deinking process still remains unknown. Polychlorinated biphenyls are often found in pigments which are used in newspaper and magazine paper.

See also
 Dissolved air flotation
 Environmental issues with paper
 Froth flotation
 German inventors and discoverers
 Paper recycling
 Pulp & Paper chemicals

References

Further reading

Papermaking
Industrial processes
Paper recycling
German inventions


Baphukhola  is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Rapti Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2534 people living in 436 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Salyan District

Populated places in Salyan District, Nepal


John Joseph Sevcik (born July 11, 1942) is a retired American baseball player who played one season in Major League Baseball for the 1965 Minnesota Twins. Sevcik was a catcher and was listed at  tall and  and threw and batted right-handed.

Early life
John was born on July 11, 1942 in Oak Park, Illinois, to Joseph and Helen Sevcik (), twenty minutes after his twin brother James (known as "Jim"). His sister Janet was born five years afterwards.

His father was of Czechoslovak heritage and was a lawyer who served as a Republican in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1967 until his death in 1977. His mother Helen was of Lithuanian descent and was a homemaker.

After spending his early years in Chicago, Sevcik and his family moved to Berwyn, Illinois when he was around seven. He attended Morton East High School in Cicero, Illinois before transferring to Morton West High School in Berwyn with the latter opened in 1958; he and his brother Jim played varsity baseball and football.

From 1960 to 1964, John and Jim both attended the University of Missouri where they played baseball and football. John was the starting catcher for the Missouri Tigers baseball team which went to the College World Series every year of his tenure with the team.

Sevcik was signed by the Minnesota Twins after graduating college.

Playing career
As he had signed under the bonus rule then in force, Sevcik spent the entire  season on the roster of the Minnesota Twins. He appeared in 12 games that season, with one hit (a double off Wally Bunker of the Baltimore Orioles September 28) in 16 at bats (.063) and one run scored.

John Sevcik's pro career lasted for eight seasons (1964–71), all but 1965 in minor league baseball. In seven years in the minors, he recorded a batting average of .266, 431 hits (including 59 doubles, 8 triples, and 22 home runs), and 169 runs batted in.

His brother Jim, an outfielder, spent four years in the Twins' farm system before retiring from baseball.

Personal life
In 1964, Secvik married Glenda Lea Klipstein in a ceremony in Bismark, North Dakota. They had met when he was attending the University of Missouri; she was a student at the nearby Stephens College.

After his baseball career ended, the couple initially lived in Minneapolis, Minnesota where Glenda opened an interior design and antiques business and John worked in construction equipment sales. Later in life, they moved to San Antonio, Texas where he worked in the liquor industry until he retired in 2006.

Since retiring, the couple have resided in Austin, Texas where Sevcik remains physically active by playing golf regularly at a local golf club. He is a fan of the Minnesota Twins.

References

Further reading

External links

Living people
1942 births
American people of Czechoslovak descent
American people of Lithuanian descent
Baseball players from Illinois
Charlotte Hornets (baseball) players
Denver Bears players
Evansville Triplets players
Major League Baseball catchers
Minnesota Twins players
Missouri Tigers baseball players
Missouri Tigers football players
Portland Beavers players
Players of American football from Illinois
People from Berwyn, Illinois
Sportspeople from Oak Park, Illinois
United States Army reservists
University of Missouri alumni
Wilson Tobs players
Wisconsin Rapids Twins players


banjh Kanda  is a village development committee in Salyan District in Karnali Province of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2241 people living in 375 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Salyan District

Populated places in Salyan District, Nepal


Oudega may refer to:

 Oudega, Gaasterlân-Sleat, a village in Friesland, Netherlands
 Oudega, Smallingerland, a village in Friesland, Netherlands
 Oudega, Súdwest-Fryslân, a village in Friesland, Netherlands


Extra Life is an American experimental band from Brooklyn, New York, United States. They are known for using unusual rhythms and time signatures, and for frontman Charlie Looker's unique singing style, which often uses melisma and is reminiscent of medieval and Renaissance music. The band straddle genres, regularly collaborating live with avant-garde jazz saxophonist Travis Laplante, having songs remixed by Xiu Xiu, and playing alongside black metal band Liturgy during the release show for their 2012 album Dream Seeds.

The band was named for its original line-up: Looker, along with back-up musicians. Eventually this evolved into a consistent line-up, with Looker as the lead singer, guitarist and songwriter, guitarist Caley Monahon-Ward and drummer Nick Podgurski. Looker was previously a member of Zs and Dirty Projectors, while Podgurski also played drums in Yukon, and Caley Monahon-Ward violin in Snowblink.

Their second album, Made Flesh, was named one of the best albums of 2010 by The Quietus. On November 13, 2012, Extra Life officially disbanded. According to a statement, this was because "the inner creative momentum driving the band...stalled." The band reunited in 2022 to self-release the album Secular Works Vol. 2, featuring a lineup consisting of Looker on voice and guitars, Monahon-Ward on violin and viola, Toby Driver of Kayo Dot on electric bass and Gil Chevigné on drums and percussion.

Discography
Extra Life (EP) (2008)
Secular Works (2008)
A Split (split EP with Nat Baldwin) (2008)
Made Flesh (2010)
Larkin Grimm / Extra Life 12" (split single with Larkin Grimm) (2011)
Ripped Heart (EP) (2011)
Dream Seeds (2012)
Secular Works Vol. 2 (2022)

References

External links
[ Allmusic biography: Extra Life]
Interview with Charlie Looker in Impose Magazine
"Band to watch: Extra Life" on Stereogum

Northern Spy Records artists
American experimental musical groups
Musical groups from Brooklyn


Bame Banghad  is a village development committee in Salyan District in Karnali Province of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4331 people living in 729 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Salyan District

Populated places in Salyan District, Nepal


The Via Veneto Papers is a memoir collection by Ennio Flaiano, originally published in Italian in 1973, with a new expanded edition by Rizzoli in 1989 and translated into English by John Satriano in 1992.

Synopsis & Narrative Style
Wrote critic Richard Eder in Newsday:

To read the late Ennio Flaiano is to imagine a bust of Ovid or Martial, placed in a piazza in Rome and smiling above a traffic jam. In his antic, melancholy irony, Flaiano wrote as if he were time itself, satirizing the present moment.

This is the first English language edition of the Italian original La solitudine del satiro (lit. The Satyr’s Solitude) published in 1973, a year after Flaiano’s death.

The book is divided into three sections:

The first, The Via Veneto Papers, is an evocation of the Rome of La Dolce Vita, of the early stages in the writing and the realising of the film itself, and, through a series of brilliant little sketches, a commemoration of the aging Italian poet Vincenzo Cardarelli, skeptical survivor from an earlier time, representative of an altogether different life.
Occasional Notebooks comprises the second and longest section: satirical commentaries and diary jottings on diverse subjects: film, art, literature, world politics, Italy and the Italians, contemporary culture, travel.
The concluding section is an interview given by Flaiano shortly before his death: entitled Concerning Satire, Boredom, Faith, it’s a kind of spiritual testament of one of Italy’s most brilliant modern writers.

Excerpt
Incipit:

These notes were written at various moments and are not here in chronological order. What I wanted to recollect is a street, a film, and old poet: disparate things that are unclearly mixed up with one another, not only in memory, but also in a diary. The jumps from one time to another have, then, a reason of their own.

June 1958 --
"I am working with Fellini and Tullio Pinelli, dusting off an old idea of ours for a film, the one about a young provincial who comes to Rome to become a journalist. Fellini wants to adapt the idea to the present day, to paint a picture  of this “wog society” that frolics between eroticism, alienation, boredom and sudden affluence. It is a society which, the terrors of the cold war now past and perhaps even in reaction to them, flourishes a bit everywhere. But in Rome, through a mixing together of the sacred and the profane, of the old and the new, through the en masse arrival of foreigners, through the cinema, presents more aggressive, subtropical qualities. The film will have La dolce Vita as its title and we have yet to write a single line of it; we are vaguely taking notes and going to the different places around town to refresh our memories."
--The Via Veneto Papers, p.1.

Quote
…Indeed this reminds me of an aphorism of Malraux’s: "In every intelligent minority there is a majority of imbeciles."

References
 Cassell Dictionary of Italian Literature, by Peter Bondanella, et al., s.v. pp. 215-216

1989 non-fiction books
1973 non-fiction books
Italian memoirs
Show business memoirs


The Indian Armed Forces is the overall unified military of the Republic of India encompassing the Indian Army, the Indian Air Force and the Indian Navy. The President of India serves as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. With an estimated total active force of 1,325,000 personnel,  maintains the world's second largest armed forces.

Army operations
This includes a list of Army operations, both old one as well as ongoing operations, as well as humanitarian military operations:

Old operations

-

Ongoing operations

Navy operations
 Operation Vijay (1961) - Annexation of Goa
 Operation Trident (1971) - an offensive operation launched on Pakistan's port city of Karachi during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
 Operation Python (1971) - Follow-up to Operation Trident on Karachi, Pakistan's port city in 1971.
 Operation Cactus (1988) -  Against the coup to overthrow the Government of Maldives.
 During Operation Restore Hope (1992–2003) -
 Operation Talwar (1999) - Blockage of Karachi Port
 Operation Parakram (2001)
 During Operation Enduring Freedom (2001)
 During 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake (Operation Madath, Operation Sea Waves, Operation Castor, Operation Rainbow, Operation Gambhir & Operation Rahat-II)
 Operation Sukoon (2006) - a relief operation to evacuate Indian, Sri Lankan and Nepalese nationals, as well as Lebanese nationals with Indian spouses, from the conflict zone during the 2006 Lebanon War
 Operation Searchlight (2014) -The Search Operation Undertaken by Indian Navy to find the missing Boeing 777 M.H 17 Malaysian Flight
 Operation Raahat (2015) - Operation by the Indian Armed Forces to evacuate Indian citizens and other foreign nationals from Yemen during the 2015 military intervention by Saudi Arabia and its allies in that country during the Yemeni Crisis.
 Operation Nistar(India) (2018) - Operation by the Indian Navy using INS Sunayna to evacuate Indian citizens from Yemen Island of Socotra who were stranded by Cyclone Mekenu.
 Operation Madad (2018) - Indian Navy had launched Operation Madad, major rescue, and relief operation in flood-hit Kerala. The operation was launched to assist state administration and undertake disaster relief operations due to flooding in many parts of Kerala.
 Operation Samudra Setu (2020) - This operation was launched to bring back Indian citizens struck at overseas during COVID-19 pandemic.

Air Operations
 During World War II (1939–1945) (Main article- India during World War 2)
 During First Kashmir War (1947)
 During Congo Crisis (1961)
 During Sino-Indian War (1962)
 During Second Kashmir War (1965)
 During Bangladesh Liberation War (Operation Meghna Heli Bridge) (1971)
 Meghna Heli Bridge (1971)
 Tangail Airdrop (1971)
 Operation Meghdoot (1984)
 Operation Poomalai (1987)
 Operation Cactus (1988)
 Operation Safed Sagar (1999)
 Atlantique incident (1999)
 Operation Rahat (2013) in Uttarakhand floods
 Operation Maitri (2015) Indian Military's rescue and relief mission in quake-hit Nepal
 Operation Sankat Mochan (India) (2016) An operation of the Indian Air Force in view of 2016 Juba Clashes to evacuate Indian Citizens and other foreign nationals from South Sudan during the South Sudanese Civil War.
Operation Insaniyat (2017) a humanitarian assistance aimed to supply relief packages to Bangladesh for migrant Rohingya Muslims.
Operation Bandar (2019) Operation launched by IAF to bomb the biggest Jaish-e-Mohammed terror camp in Balakot to avenge the Pulwama terror attack. In this operation almost 170-200 terrorists were killed and 45 terrorists were severely injured.
Operation Ganga (2022) An operation by Government of India to evacuate the Indian citizens (mainly students) from Ukraine amidst the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine with the help of Indian Air Force and few private airlines.
Operation Dost (2023) Turkey and Syria earthquake.
Operation Kaveri (2023) evacuation of Indian citizens from Sudan
Operation Ajay(2023) evacuation of Indian national from Israel and Palestine

See also
 Indian Army
 Indian Navy
 Indian Air Force
 Indian Armed Forces

References

Operations


Bhalchaur  is a village development committee in Salyan District in the Karnali Province of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4671 people living in 883 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Salyan District

Populated places in Salyan District, Nepal


Hotemaže (; ) is a village in the Municipality of Šenčur in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

The church in the village is dedicated to Saint Ulrich. It is a single-aisle church with a gothic sanctuary built around 1470. Its highly ornamental altar dates to 1701.

References

External links
Hotemaže on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Šenčur


Garry Newlove (5 November 1959 – 12 August 2007) was an English man beaten to death in August 2007 in the UK. His murder caused anger in the UK over the two offenders who had been underage drinking. Chief Constable of the Cheshire Constabulary Peter Fahy called for the legal age of buying alcohol to increase to the age of 21 as a result of the Garry Newlove murder. His widow Helen Newlove condemned the Government for failing to get to grips with youth disorder afterwards.

Victim

Garry Newlove was born in Salford, on 5 November 1959, the youngest of three children born to Thomas Edward Newlove (1913–1979) and his wife Ellen (1919–2002). He was married to Helen Marston from 1986 until his death, and had three daughters who were born between 1989-1994.

He was diagnosed with stomach cancer in August 1992 and made a full recovery from surgery to have his stomach and spleen removed.

By 2007, he was living in Padgate, Warrington, and was working as a sales manager for a local plastics company.

Incident and arrests
Newlove was attacked outside his house in Station Road North in the Padgate district of Warrington, Cheshire, on the evening of 10 August 2007, having gone outside to confront a gang of youths he suspected of vandalising his wife's car. He died in hospital in the early hours of 12 August 2007, less than 36 hours after the attack.

The murder was the culmination of numerous incidents of anti-social behaviour by youth gangs in and around Padgate, which had started several years earlier.

Nine suspects were quickly arrested, and five were charged with his murder on 14 August 2007 and remanded in custody. A fourth teenager was charged and remanded the next day and the fifth and final suspect was charged and remanded on 13 September.

Adam Swellings, 19, from Crewe, went on trial at Chester Crown Court charged with the murder on 14 November 2007, along with two 17-year-olds, a 16-year-old and a 15-year-old who could not be named for legal reasons.

Verdicts and aftermath
On 16 January 2008, Adam Swellings was convicted of the murder of Garry Newlove, along with 17-year-old Stephen Sorton and 16-year-old Jordan Cunliffe. The two other defendants were cleared of any involvement in the killing and walked free from court. Swellings, Sorton and Cunliffe were remanded in custody until being sentenced to life imprisonment on 11 February 2008. The trial judge recommended that Swellings, Sorton and Cunliffe should serve minimum terms of 17, 15 and 12 years respectively – sentences which were widely described as lenient by the victim's family and friends, as well as the tabloid media – as these sentences meant that the youngest of the three killers could be out of prison by the age of 28, and the oldest was likely to be paroled in his mid thirties.

Garry Newlove's murder was one of a number of high profile, widely reported murders in the United Kingdom during the late 2000s which highlighted the rise of crime involving youth gangs. Other comparable murders around the same time which attracted national attention were the murders of Tom ap Rhys Pryce (2006), Sophie Lancaster (2007), Rhys Jones (2007), Jimmy Mizen (2008) and Ben Kinsella (2008), all of which were committed by teenagers.

Since the trial, Garry Newlove's widow Helen Newlove has actively campaigned through the media for more support for victims of crime, and for more severe sentences for criminals, as well as working with communities and working to reduce crime.She was awarded a Peerage for this work in the Dissolution Honours of 2010 and is now styled Baroness Newlove.

Appeals
Swellings and Sorton appealed against their convictions and sentences. Their case was heard at the Court of Appeal on 13 November 2008. Swellings lost the appeal against his conviction and sentence, although Sorton won a two-year reduction on his minimum sentence.

Cunliffe later appealed against his murder conviction on the grounds that he had not taken part in the attack on Mr Newlove, although he had been present when it happened. On 26 July 2010, the Court of Appeal dismissed his appeal. His mother later questioned his murder conviction, claiming he could barely see the attack taking place due to a degenerative eye condition.

Parole
In December 2019, the Parole Board recommended that Jordan Cunliffe (now aged 28) should be released from prison, but on 14 May 2020 it was reported that Cunliffe had been denied parole following reports that he had held an alcohol-fuelled party in his prison cell at an open prison to celebrate his impending release. As a result, and pending further consideration, he was returned to closed conditions in another prison.

Cunliffe was eventually paroled in September 2020.  This decision was challenged by the Secretary of State but that appeal was dismissed on 23 October 2020.

In February 2020, the Parole Board also recommended that Steven Sorton (now aged 29) should be released from prison. He is believed to have been paroled the following month.

In April 2022, the Parole Board recommended that gang ringleader Adam Swellings be moved to an open prison with day release provisions. However, the move was blocked by Justice Secretary Dominic Raab.

Popular culture
The screenwriter Jimmy McGovern later used the case of Jordan Cunliffe as a basis for a new television drama. Common was shown on BBC One on 6 July 2014.

See also
John Cannan, another infamous murderer (and suspected killer of Suzy Lamplugh) who is also now eligible for release
Patrick Mackay, a British serial killer who is now eligible for release from prison

References

2007 murders in the United Kingdom
2007 in England
2000s in Cheshire
August 2007 crimes
August 2007 events in the United Kingdom
Deaths by beating in the United Kingdom
Murder in Cheshire


Luže may refer to places:

Luže (Chrudim District), a town in the Czech Republic
Luže, Šenčur, a settlement in Slovenia


Aplysia fasciata, common name the "mottled sea hare", or the "sooty sea hare", is an Atlantic species of sea hare or sea slug, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aplysiidae.

Distribution
This sea hare occurs in the Western Atlantic from New Jersey to Brazil, and in the Eastern Atlantic including the Mediterranean and the West African coast. They have also been sighted along the Atlantic coast of France. It is a rare visitor to the seas off the southern British Isles (the related A. punctata is regular along most British coasts, as well as the northeast Atlantic).

Some consider the species Aplysia brasiliana, found in the Atlantic coast of the Americas, to be a synonym of Aplysia fasciata with just a different regional colour pattern.

Description

Aplysia fasciata can grow to sizes up to 40 cm long. Coloring is often black or a very dark brown, sometimes with a thin red border to the parapodia, foot, and tentacles. Many also have mottled spots which span across their body, earning the name "mottled sea hare". Aplysia fasciata have, like most sea slugs, two oral tentacles and two more smaller rhinopores in front on their neck. Eyes are positioned in front of the rhinopores. Small, rounded "tails" are fixed to their hindside. A mantle covers its gills and internal organs. Inside the mantle, a thin, delicate inner shell lays. The shell is concave, with amber coloring and a slightly hooked apex. Inside the mantle is the ink gland.

Behavior

Aplysia fasciata eat algae and seaweed attached to rocks and other surfaces. They are often seen swimming in groups, along tide pools and rocks.

These sea hares also secrete a sort of ink. The ink takes on a purple hue, a result of eating red algae. It is believed to be non-toxic, though is assumed that the ink is secreted as a result of a sort of physical "assault" on the sea hare.

Egg masses appear as a long, pale cream mass. They are somewhat noodle-like in appearance. Aplysia fasciata are known for their "graceful" swimming.  They often flap their parapodia, often being described as  "flapping wings".

References

 Abbott, R.T. (1974). American Seashells. 2nd ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold: New York, NY (USA). 663 pp.
 Vine, P. (1986). Red Sea Invertebrates. Immel Publishing, London. 224 pp.
 Turgeon, D.; Quinn, J.F.; Bogan, A.E.; Coan, E.V.; Hochberg, F.G.; Lyons, W.G.; Mikkelsen, P.M.; Neves, R.J.; Roper, C.F.E.; Rosenberg, G.; Roth, B.; Scheltema, A.; Thompson, F.G.; Vecchione, M.; Williams, J.D. (1998). Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: mollusks. 2nd ed. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, 26. American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, MD (USA). . IX, 526 + cd-rom pp. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 122
 Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213 (
 Martinez E. & Ortea J. (2002). On the synonymy between Aplysia winneba Eales, 1957 and Aplysia fasciata Poiret, 1789 (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia: Anaspidea). Iberus 20(2): 11-21
 Rolán E., 2005.  Malacological Fauna From The Cape Verde Archipelago. Part 1, Polyplacophora and Gastropoda.
 Rosenberg, G., F. Moretzsohn, and E. F. García. 2009. Gastropoda (Mollusca) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 579–699 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.

External links

fasciata
Gastropods described in 1789
Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean
Molluscs of the Mediterranean Sea


Lulama Smuts Ngonyama (born 22 August 1952) is a South African ambassador previously to Spain and currently to Japan, and a former head of communications for the African National Congress (ANC) in South Africa.  He was born in Uitenhage, attended school in Fort Beaufort and graduated from the University of Fort Hare.

Following the removal of President Thabo Mbeki from the presidency in 2008, Ngonyama announced his resignation from the ANC to join the Congress of the People (COPE) breakaway party led by Mosiuoa Lekota and Mbhazima Shilowa.

Ngonyama was Spokesperson and Public Secretary of COPE. However, on 25 April 2014 Ngonyama resigned from COPE, citing the directionless nature of the movement.

References

1952 births
Living people
People from Uitenhage
Xhosa people
African National Congress politicians
Congress of the People (South African political party) politicians
Ambassadors of South Africa to Japan
Ambassadors of South Africa to Spain
University of Fort Hare alumni


is an album by the Italian composer Carlo Forlivesi. It was released in 2008 by ALM Records.

"Silenziosa luna" is a quotation from Giacomo Leopardi's poem Canto notturno di un pastore errante dell'Asia.

Description
The album includes works written by Forlivesi between 1999 and 2008. The 28-page booklet reflects the artistic and cultural concerns of the team about the recording, and the liner notes provide information about the musicians and lyrics and give details on the extent of each musical work, placing them in cultural and creative contexts. They were written in Italian originally and directly translated into Japanese and English, respectively by Japanese musicologist Mariko Kanemitsu and British composer/poet Jeremy Drake. Japanese jiuta-mai dancer Sayuri Uno, American academic Laura Hein (Northwestern University) and Italian philosopher Marco Forlivesi (University of Padua) also made a significant contribution to this process.

The instrumental techniques developed on purpose for these works are highly demanding. 24bit/96 kHz recording technology is employed.

The photograph on the album cover is a shot taken by Carlo Forlivesi and Sayuri Uno in Shisen-dō and represents a round Tsukubai enhanced by natural shadows and reflections. It is a non-processed image, and has sprinkled silver and gold colors, resembling maki-e making. The disc fits the photo.

Performers
Yukio Tanaka, voice and biwa
Kumiko Shuto, voice and biwa
Yosuke Irie, shakuhachi
Ayako Shigenari, 13-string koto and 20-string koto
Norio Sato, guitar

Track listing
1. Boethius [8:27]. Biwa
2. Japanese Window – Sesshu's Landscape 1495 [9:37]. Electronic music
3. Audivi Vocem [2:10]. Shakuhachi, 20-string koto and guitar
4–7. Nuove Musiche per Biwa [14:35]. Two biwas
8. Through the Looking-Glass [3:36]. Electronic music
9. Ugetsu [5:10]. Shakuhachi and guitar
10–12. En la Soledat i el Silenci [7:31]. 13-string koto and guitar
13–15. Requiem [14:59]. Electronic music

Credits
Director: Yukio Kojima, Carlo Forlivesi
Recording engineer & tape editor: Yukio Kojima
Assistant engineer: Miho Fujimoto
Notes: Carlo Forlivesi
Translation: Jeremy Drake (English), Mariko Kanemitsu (Japanese), Sayuri Uno (Japanese)
Design: Natsue Yamanaka
Booklet editing: Tomomi Kato

External links
  ALM Records
  Kotenha
  Amazon
  HMV

Compositions by Carlo Forlivesi
2008 classical albums
Giacomo Leopardi


Admiral Sir John Louis, 2nd Baronet (1785 – 31 March 1863) was an officer in the Royal Navy.

Naval career
John Louis, son of Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Louis, 1st Baronet, entered the Navy in 1795, was promoted to lieutenant in 1801, to commander in 1805 and to captain in 1806. He served during 1810 off the coast of Ireland and off Cadiz, was in the Mediterranean in 1811 and then went out to the West Indies. After several years on half-pay, he served again in the West Indies, 1826 to 1830. In 1837 he was appointed Captain Superintendent of Woolwich Dockyard and also to the command of the William and Mary yacht. Promoted to rear admiral in 1838, he was Admiral Superintendent of Malta Dockyard, 1838 to 1843, and Admiral Superintendent of Devonport, 1846 to 1850. Louis was promoted to vice-admiral in 1849 and to admiral in 1851.

He succeeded his father as 2nd Baronet on 17 May 1807.

He is buried with his wife, Maria Clementina (né Kirkpatrick), and son, Thomas Louis, in Kensal Green Cemetery in London.

References
 Sir John Louis, 2nd Baronet

External links

1785 births
1863 deaths
Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Royal Navy admirals


Montfort Browne (fl. 1760–1780) was a British Army officer and Tory, and a major landowner and developer of British West Florida in the 1760s and 1770s. He commanded the Prince of Wales' American Regiment, a Loyalist regiment, in the American Revolutionary War. He served as lieutenant governor of West Florida from 1766 to 1769, acting as governor from 1767, and then as governor of the Bahamas from 1774 to 1780.

Life
Montfort Browne was from an Irish family: he was one of the three sons of Edmund Browne of New Grove, County Clare and Jane Westropp, daughter of  Mountfort Westropp of Attyflin, County Limerick. In 1764 Edmund and his sons were jointly granted 20000 acres of land in West Florida. Montfort made an "ill-advised" marriage to Louisa Mysnell: the marriage was unhappy and childless, and the couple soon separated. According to his own writings, he served in the 35th Regiment of Foot during the Seven Years' War, where he saw much action in the West Indies, and was twice wounded. In 1763 a complaint was lodged against him that resulted in an unfavourable court of inquiry against him. When the British took control of West Florida after the war, Browne sponsored French Huguenot and Irish immigrants to the area. Through a patronage connection with the colonial secretary, the Earl of Hillsborough, he secured the lieutenant governorship of the new province in November 1764. Accompanied by his Irish recruits, he arrived at the provincial capital, Pensacola, in January 1766.

West Florida
His first year as lieutenant governor was turbulent. Some of his land claims were contested, and the property he owned on Dauphin Island was found to be unsuitable for the population he had planned to settle there. His relationship with Governor George Johnstone was strained when Browne sided with the military in disputes between them and the governor. Johnstone left West Florida in January 1767, leaving Browne in command of the province.

Browne in 1768 led a successful expedition to the region of Natchez, bringing back a report of the fertility of the land and its lack of population, and suggesting that it be developed. For his services in the war he had been awarded  in the province, and he used the trip to stake out large parcels of land on the eastern banks of the Mississippi River, just north of present-day Baton Rouge, Louisiana.  Irregularities in Browne's bookkeeping in 1768 drew criticism from his patron Hillsborough, and Browne formally requested that his books be audited when Johnstone's successor John Eliot arrived in April 1769. Unfortunately, Eliot committed suicide a month after his arrival, and Browne reluctantly retook the reins of power. He sent the provincial surveyor, Elias Durnford, to London in May 1769 to answer ongoing complaints that colonists were making against him, but Durnford returned that December with orders removing Browne from power and granting Durnford an acting governorship.

As Browne was preparing to leave the province, he was involved in a duel with a Pensacolan trader. The man was wounded, and Browne would have faced criminal charges had the man died. Fortunately for Browne, he recovered, and Browne sailed for England in February 1770. He spent much of the next two years in England, having his finances scrutinized by the colonial office, and continuing to drum up interest in settlements on the Mississippi. There was public speculation on both sides of the Atlantic that the Mississippi lands would eventually be separated into their own province, with Browne as its governor. Hillsborough was apparently supportive of the idea, and resigned as colonial secretary when it was rejected. Browne continued to lobby Hillsborough's successor, the Earl of Dartmouth, for the establishment of a province on the Mississippi, but was unsuccessful. He was instead eventually granted the governorship of the Bahamas in March 1774.

Bahamas and Revolutionary War service
While governor of the Bahamas, Browne continued to promote the desirability of land on the Mississippi. At one point he advertised for sale tracts of land as large as , suggesting that he had acquired more land while in England. He made several trips from the Bahamas to West Florida to pursue his interests in 1774 and 1775. After the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, he took some precautions to secure Nassau. He had had ample warning that the Americans might make an attack there, but was caught off guard when American ships arrived off Nassau's sandbar at the entrance to its port on the morning of 3 March 1776. He rushed to Government House in his nightshirt to order the firing of cannon to summon the militia. Though he managed to get most of the island's gunpowder stores away to St. Augustine, Florida, he failed to hold the island and was taken prisoner. With 12 other high-ranking hostages from the island he was taken back to the Chesapeake Bay by the American fleet, and was released, in part, by the efforts of his friend Timothy Hierlihy, in exchange for William Alexander.

In 1777, then a colonel, Browne wrote to the English government of his discontent at serving under the authority of two brigadier generals "who have never seen a Shot fired", seeking promotion to major general. He was instead promoted to the rank of brigadier general himself, remaining in that rank for the duration of his service. Browne formed the Loyalist Prince of Wales' American Regiment, served at the siege of Rhode Island, and spent some time in Florida before finally returning to the Bahamas to resume his post there in July 1778. He then faced accusations of cowardice and incompetence for his conduct of the battle and, after dismissing his council in an attempt to scotch the rumours (an unprecedented move), he was replaced by John Robert Maxwell two years later in 1780.

Bibliography
Acts of the Privy Council of England 1745-1766
 Burke, Sir Bernard A genealogical and heraldic history of the landed  gentry of Ireland'' London 1912
Michael Craton, Gail Saunders, Islanders in the Stream
David J. Libby, Slavery and Frontier Mississippi, 1720–1835
Limerick City Archives

External links
Report on Montfort Browne's conduct
Browne's command of the American Regiment
The Prince of Wales' American Regiment and Browne

1730s births
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War
British Army personnel of the Seven Years' War
British governors of the Bahamas
Governors of West Florida
British Army brigadiers
British duellists
Governors of British North America


Luže (; ) is a village in the Municipality of Šenčur in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Name
Luže was first attested in written sources in 1154 as Lusse (and as Lausach in 1238). The name is shortened from the demonym *Lužane, literally 'people living near a pond', derived from the Slovene common noun *luža 'pond, puddle'. In the past the German name was Lausach.

Church
The church in the village is dedicated to John the Baptist. It is a gothic single-aisle church that was rebuilt in the early 19th century. Its belfry was originally separate from the nave, but with expansion during rebuilding it became part of the church structure. The main altar dates to 1886. The church contains a Baroque altar dating to 1691 and a painting by Jurij Šubic (1855–1890).

Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Luže include:
John Zaplotnik (a.k.a. Janez Leon Zaplotnik, 1883–1978), priest, journalist, and biographer

References

External links
Luže on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Šenčur


Psorophora howardii is a species of mosquito. The species was described by the American entomologist Daniel William Coquillett in 1901.

Description
This mosquito is very large, has shaggy legs, and has a wing length of . The scales on the wings are narrow and dark brown. The proboscis is long and brown. The palpi are nearly half as long as the proboscis and brown. The proboscis and the palpi are covered with setae. The head has broad, flat, grayish-white scales except for a narrow median bare stripe. The thorax is dark brown to black. The abdomen has a broad median patch of white scales. The legs are dark yellow and purple. The adult females are persistent biters and will attack at any time of the day. It can spread the West Nile virus, and can puncture clothing such as through a coat, vest, and two shirts since the species is 8 to 10 mm long.

Habitat
The mosquito can be found in the Southeastern United States, Mexico, the West Indies, and Central America, breeding in rain pools, grassy ditches, and depressions. P. howardii  can be found in citrus furrow irrigation systems in coastal southeastern Florida; it oviposits low in the furrows. The eggs hatch by rainfall and irrigation.

Larvae
The larvae occur from March to October, and can be found in unshaded or partly shaded temporary rain-filled pools. They are large, and prey on the larvae of other mosquitoes. To collect a field sample, a long-handled dipper causes a minimum of disturbance to the larvae. An area sampler is used after the dipper which catches more.

References

Aedini
Diptera of North America
Insects described in 1901


Ibrahim Hazimeh (born 1933 in Acco, Palestine) is a Palestinian artist.

Career
In 1948, he and his family suffered expulsion and they lived in Lebanon and Lattakia, Syria as refugees. In Lattakia, he worked as an art teacher and a bookkeeper.  He studied art in self-study and later registered for a correspondence course with the Ecole de Dessin in Paris.

In 1960 he commenced art studies at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst (Academy of Visual Arts) in Leipzig, Germany. In 1964 he graduated with distinction, with Professor Bernhard Heisig as his mentor.

Since 1974, he has lived in West Berlin. He is the President of the Palestinian National Committee at the AIAP / UNESCO as well as a board member and spokesperson of the Palestinian Artists Association in Europe.

In 2007, he designed the United Buddy Bear for Palestine, which has been presented at the exhibitions 2007 in Cairo, Jerusalem and 2008 in Warsaw, Stuttgart and Pyongyang so far. 2014 in Rio de Janeiro. 142 of these United Buddy Bears (each 2 m tall) stand together hand in hand in complete harmony - representing 142 countries acknowledged by the United Nations. Each Bear has been designed individually by an artist on behalf of his or her native country.

Awards
1957 Cairo Salon Prize.
In 1958 he received the Fall Exhibition Prize in Damascus.

References

External links
 Ibrahim Hazimeh's Art Gallery

Palestinian painters
1933 births
Living people
Palestinian artists
Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig alumni
Artists from Berlin


The Ministry of National Defense ( Wizārat al-Difāʾ al-Waṭanī) is Lebanon's service section for the Lebanese Armed Forces. The Ministry is located in Yarzeh, Baabda District, Mount Lebanon. The building which is considered the biggest Ministry building in Lebanon was designed by the French architect André Wogenscky in 1968. The ministry building also houses the Lebanese Military Museum.

Ministers
The ministers of National Defence have been:

References

External links

http://www.lebarmy.gov.lb
List of Ministers (in Arabic)

Military of Lebanon
Defence
Lebanon


Microdigital Eletrônica Ltda. was a Brazilian computer company in the 1980s, based in São Paulo.

History
Established in 1981 by the brothers George and Tomas Kovari (whose initials were the TK of the domestic computers line made by the company), its first product was the TK80, a clone of the British microcomputer Sinclair ZX80.

The company reached its height around 1985, with the launching of the TK90X (clone of the ZX Spectrum) and the TK 2000/II, a personal computer partially compatible (at Applesoft BASIC level) with the Apple II+. At this time, it had approximately 400 employees in three plants (two in São Paulo and one in the Zona Franca de Manaus) and more than 700 peddlers spread for all Brazil.

Although the logo of the company is identical to the earlier Microdigital Ltd of the United Kingdom the company is not related.

Line of products
A not extensive list of Microdigital's products:

Home computers
 TK80 (1981)
 TK82 (1981)
 TK82C (1981)
 TK83 (1982)
 TK85 (1983)
 TKS800 (1984 - vapourware)
 TK90X (1985)
 TK95 (1986)

Personal computers
 TK 2000 (1984)
 TK 2000/II (1985)
 TK-3000 IIe (1986)
 TK-3000 IIe Compact (1987)
 TK EXTended (1987)
 LT 1600 D (?)
 TK Portable (?)

Peripherals
 TK Printer (vapourware)

Video-games
 Onyx (1984)- Colecovision clone, never launched
 Onyx Jr (1985)

Software
Microdigital sold software (almost always pirate copies of foreign programs) through its subsidiary, Microsoft.

Others
 Microdigital Rhythmic 2 Portable Keyboard

References

External links
  Microdigital by Chema Matas in MicroHobby.com
  Micodigital's ads from the 1980s

Electronics companies of Brazil
Defunct computer companies of Brazil
Defunct manufacturing companies of Brazil
Manufacturing companies based in São Paulo


István Teplán (; born 1958 son of István Teplán Sr.  biochemist and brother of  Dr. Attila Teplán of ECHR) is a Hungarian economic historian, sociologist and educator, graduated from Harvard IEM in 1999. He is one of the creators of the first international Western-style graduate school in the post-communist Central Europe.

Early life
Teplan was educated in Hungary and the US, where he studied with Immanuel Wallerstein at Binghamton University.

Career
The idea of a tri-city (Prague-Budapest-Warsaw) international graduate school was supported by former Czech President Václav Havel, former Hungarian President Árpád Göncz and former Polish Foreign Minister Bronislaw Geremek.

With George Soros he was one of the founders of Central European University (CEU), a graduate school to train the next generation of leaders and to facilitate the democratic transition in East and Central Europe. He participated in the first meeting of CEU in Dubrovnik in 1989. As an Executive Vice President he served CEU between 1992 and 2007. Under his leadership CEU had developed into an internationally recognized institution of higher learning.

As an educator he served on the Administrative Board of the International Association of Universities (UNESCO) between 2000 and 2008 and chaired the Council of the Inter-University Center (IUC) in Dubrovnik between 1998 and 2007.

Between 1998 and 2006 was member of  the VAP program  of the Salzburg Global Seminar.

He served as the Director General of the Government Center for Public Administration in Hungary which trains public servants for the Hungarian public sector and the European Union.

He was a board member of the European Institute of Public Administration, and member of the Scientific Committee of the European Senior Civil Servant project, to train the next generation of public sector leaders for the European Union.

Teplan is the chief advisor of the State Minister for Environment of Hungary. During the Hungarian Presidency of the European Union (January 1 to June 30, 2011) he was the Chair of the EU Council Working Party on International Environmental Issues dealing with Global and Horizontal affairs. He played a key role in Hungary's preparation for the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD-2012). He was the founding Director General of the Hungarian National Institute for Environment. He was appointed Ministerial Envoy for the Budapest Water Summit, to be held in October 2013 in Budapest under the aegis of the UN. He is a member of the management board of the European Environment Agency (EEA) in Copenhagen.

He became a board member of the Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe in 2009.

Teplan is a contributor to international conferences and journals. As a scholar he contributed to the book, Budapest and New York, Studies in Metropolitan Transformation 1870-1930

As the President of the Brussels-based PROSUM Foundation Teplán proposed the establishment of the European Public Broadcasting and News Service (EPBNS) to fight fake news and state media monopoly to safeguard reliable news for citizens. He is also member of the Consiglio Direttivo of the LINPR.

Recognition
Teplan is a recipient of the Officers Cross of Merit of the Hungarian Republic.

References

External links

1958 births
Living people
20th-century Hungarian historians
Economic historians
Hungarian sociologists
Hungarian educators


Megachile sculpturalis, known as the giant resin bee and sculptured resin bee, is a species of leafcutting bees belonging to the family Megachilidae.

Distribution
Native to Japan and China, it has been introduced to the Eastern United States and Ontario, Canada in recent times. First established in the United States during the early 1990s, records currently exist from most states east of the Mississippi River. It was also introduced to Europe in 2009.

Description
Megachile sculpturalis can reach a body length of about  in males, while females usually are larger than males, reaching about . It is much bigger than most other leafcutting bees. The body is cylindrical, jaws are large and wings are transparent, with a brown color that darkens toward the tips. Head and abdomen are mainly black, the abdomen is rather shiny and without hairs, while thorax is covered with dense yellowish-brown pubescence. In males the abdomen is truncated and squared, while in the females it is almost tapered, and pointed. The female has four dentate mandibles.

Habitat
In the United States, these resin bees occur in nests of Xylocopa spp., often around wooden structures such as doors, decks and porches.

Biology
Adults can be found from June to-September. These solitary bees are known to make during the summer their nests in available holes found in wooden structures or in small crevices between wood boards and often they use cavities belonging to carpenter bees. They do not bore holes into wood. Their individual cells are constructed using wood particles and mud. They provide each cell with pollen carried on the underside of their hairy abdomen. Then they lay in each cell a single egg. Females also use their large jaws to collect resin (hence the common name), used to cap the brood cells. The larvae overwinter inside the cells, consuming the pollen. In spring they pupate and emerge as an adult in early summer.

The main recorded host plants are Lathyrus latifolius and  Sophora japonica (Fabaceae), Pycnanthemum species (Lamiaceae), Lythrum salicaria (Lythraceae), Koelreuteria paniculata (Sapindaceae) and  Buddleia species (Scrophulariaceae).

Gallery

References

sculpturalis
Insects of Japan
Insects of China
Hymenoptera of Asia
Insects described in 1853
Invasive animal species in Europe


Pedro José Amadeo Pissis Marín (Brioude, France, May 17, 1812 – January 21, 1889, Santiago de Chile) was a French geologist who served the Chilean government in the 19th century. He played an influential role in the cartography of Chile. Pissis worked in Brazil and Bolivia before he arrived to Chile. He left Bolivia due to political problems and was preparing his departure to France in Valparaíso when Chilean minister Manuel Camilo Vial contacted him to do a geologic and mineralogic description of the Republic of Chile. Monte Pissis, the third highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere and second highest volcano in the world is named after him.

References

Sources
 Memoria Chilena

1812 births
1889 deaths
People from Brioude
French emigrants to Chile
19th-century French geologists
French cartographers
19th-century Chilean geologists
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Recipients of the Legion of Honour


Stover at Yale, by Owen Johnson is a novel describing undergraduate life at Yale at the turn of the 20th century.  The book was described by F. Scott Fitzgerald as the "textbook" of his generation.  Stover at Yale recounts Dink Stover's navigation through the social structure at Yale and his struggles with social pressure.

Plot summary

Setting the Stage (Chapters 1-3)
The story opens with a picture of Stover seating himself on a train bound for New Haven.  A short account is given of Stover's background from his Lawrenceville School days (recounted in The Varmint). He overcame a poor start at the prep school and gained a reputation in football and as a class leader.  While Stover is poised in dress and bearing, his classmates appear more eager and juvenile.  Stover listens to them talk and learns of the secret society system, which will be the main drama of the plot.  Later, the tap ceremony for the Yale senior society Skull and Bones is vividly described.

While on the train, Stover also meets Tom Regan, an older, physically imposing and more open classmate of his, as well as LeBaron, a leading sophomore who is already taking Stover under his wing.

Arriving at his campus lodgings, Stover meets several more characters who will play parts in the following chapters.  With Tough McCarty, his rival became friend from Lawrenceville days, Stover has a joyous roughhouse.  He also meets McNabb, who is the "partier" of the freshman class.  With Hunter, who is reserved and poised for leadership, Stover instantly feels rivalry.  A sophomore, Reynolds, "an undersized nervous fellow" but first in his class to "make the News", stops by to check on the Andover freshmen in the house.  He evaluates each man and advises him on what to go after in terms of extracurriculars.  Some comic relief is afforded when Rogers, a junior stops by, and the tone changes to Reynolds deferring while Rogers leads the group in antagonizing a group of sophomores by turning lights on and off.

The chapter concludes with Stover's dinner with LeBaron.  LeBaron counsels Stover on the importance of winning election to a secret society.  Stover is troubled by the status given to this social positioning.  Back with Tough, Stover tells him to "go slow" about making new friendships, nixing Tough's plan for a dining group, but has difficulty explaining his thinking.

Establishing himself in the class (Chapters 4-27)

The action then shifts to the gridiron.  Stover performs well at basic drills, but gets no praise and is not called on to scrimmage.  Tompkins, one of the coaches, cautions him, "Stover, just one word for your good. You come up with a big prep school reputation. Don't make an ass of yourself."

Later, Stover meets Gimbal, who openly proclaims a plan to fight the society system.  Gimbal is also open about looking for political leadership with his anti-society stance.  The two shake hands, but Stover is uncertain what to make of Gimbal.

In the evening, Stover and his class take part in wrestling contests against the sophomores.  When no one from his class will stand in as the middleweight, Stover volunteers, though he knows no wrestling.  Stover uses his football tackling power to beat his opponent, despite the other man's better knowledge of wrestling.  Dana, the football captain, and Tompkins, the coach, see Stover's incredible tackling power and recognize him for it, enthusiastically and sparingly.  Stover is borne home by his classmates, having established himself as a name in the class.

Stover reconnects with Regan, who had avoided the wrestling match and the first week of practice, despite his huge size, preferring to concentrate on personal affairs and school. Stover also meets other members of the class:  Bob Story, son of an influential judge, as well as Joe Hungerford, a "name known across the world for power in finance."  Stover, with Hungerford's encouragement, persuades Regan to become the waiter for their dining club.

In football practice, Stover at first is disappointed that his wrestling heroics do not suddenly win him a place on the team, but eventually he gets placed as the end on the scrub team.  He battles a senior, Bangs, who is the starting end, and outplays him dramatically.  Bangs resents Stover's presence as threatening a position that he spent three years building toward.

Publication history

Stover at Yale was originally serialized in McClure's in 1911.  The copyright has expired and the work has passed into public domain.

Commentary and reviews

There were varied reactions to the book.

Influence
An image of Dink Stover sitting on the Yale fence is the logo of New York-based menswear brand Paul Stuart.

References

External links

1912 American novels
Novels set in Yale University
Skull and Bones Society
Films set in universities and colleges
Frederick A. Stokes Company books


Joan Croft Halt railway station was a small halt on the East Coast Main Line (ECML) situated by a level crossing at Joan Croft Junction in South Yorkshire, England. The junction gives access from the ECML to the Skellow line of the West Riding and Grimsby Railway and eventually to Hull, Immingham and Grimsby Docks.

History

The halt consisted of two flanking platforms to the south of the level crossing, with brick-built station buildings on the York-bound(Down)side. These buildings still stand in private use. The station was set in the countryside, with just a few cottages situated either side at some distance.

The station was not shown in railway timetables as it was only for the use of platelayers and crossing keepers (and their families) to enable them to get into, and out of, Doncaster for weekend shopping.

The station opened  and closed in the 1950s.

In May 2011, Network Rail applied to the Infrastructure Planning Commission for permission to construct a North Doncaster chord to link two lines, the Askern line and the Skellow line, with a viaduct passing above Joan Croft junction. The aim of the project was to eliminate the need to use the ECML for slow-moving, westbound bulk freight trains from the Humber ports, in particular, coal from Immingham to Ferrybridge power station. As part of the proposed works, the Joan Croft level crossing was closed and replaced by a road bridge. Closing the level crossing allowed engineers to lower the overhead wires on the ECML (because the wires no longer had to be higher than the highest road vehicle plus a safety margin), thus allowing the new railway viaduct to be constructed at a lower level. The new  chord opened to traffic on 1 June 2014.

References

Disused railway stations in Doncaster
Rail junctions in England
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1920
Former North Eastern Railway (UK) stations