The following is a list of American football players that have played in both the Arena Football League and the National Football League.

A
 Dan Alexander
 Gerald Abraham
 Otis Amey
 Scotty Anderson

B
 Milton Barney
 Steve Bellisari
 Troy Bergeron
 Martin Bibla
 Damarius Bilbo
 Michael Bishop
 Phil Bogle
 Novo Bojovic
 Sherdrick Bonner
 Aaron Boone
 Jesse Boone
 Larry Brackins
 Chris Brewer
 C. J. Brewer
 Anthony Bright
 Travis Bond
 Mkristo Bruce
 Dialleo Burks
 Kelly Butler
 Danny Burmeister

C
 Chris Canty
 Ron Carpenter
 Quincy Carter
 Shante Carver
 Darrin Chiaverini
 Mac Cody
 Lincoln Coleman
 José Cortéz
 Anthony Corvino
 Jerry Crafts
 Clarence Curry

D
 Woody Dantzler
 Rohan Davey
 Rashied Davis
 Rod Davis
 Thabiti Davis
 Kyle DeVan
 Rob De Vita
 Chris Dieker
 Chris Doering

E
 Troy Edwards
 Alonzo Ephraim
 Tory Epps
 Liam Ezekiel

F
 Cory Fleming
 Lance Frazier

G
 Oronde Gadsden
 Joe Germaine
 Tony Graziani
 Chris Greisen

H
 George Hall
 Joe Hamilton
 Remy Hamilton
 Atnaf Harris
 Josh Harris
 Kyries Hebert
 Nick Hill
 Delvin Lamar Hughley
 Bobby Hunt (born 1940)
 Rob Hunt (born 1981)
 Robert Hunt, (born 1996), offensive lineman
 Robert Hunt (born 1975), offensive lineman and coach
 Cletidus Hunt

I
 Khori Ivy

J
 Evington Bernard Jackson II
 Marlion Jackson
 Jermaine Jones (American football)
 Paul Justin
 Adam Juratovac

K
 Kevin Kaesviharn
 Kevin Kasper
 Lincoln Kennedy
 Shaun King
 Jim Kubiak

L
 Kareem Larrimore
 Jermaine Lewis
 Michael Lewis
 Jared Lorenzen

M
 Tommy Maddox
 Adrian Madise
 Joe Madsen
 Rod Manuel
 Todd Marinovich
 Seth Marler
 Rasheed Marshall
 Torrance Marshall
 Mike Maslowski
 Marc May
 Andy McCollum
 Bruce McCray
 Pete McMahon
 Adrian McPherson
 Donovan Morgan

N
 Browning Nagle
 Marcus Nash
 John Nix
 Al Noga

O
 Steve Octavien
 Wes Ours

P
 Jordan Palmer
 Billy Parker
 David Patten
 Sean Payton
 Duke Pettijohn
 Will Pettis

R
 Ryan Riddle
 Dante Ridgeway
 Greg Robinson-Randall

S
 Rich Salzer
 Steve Sanders
 David Saunders
 Darrell Shropshire
 Jeremy Sheffey
 Bobby Sippio
 Justin Skaggs
 Danny Southwick
 Alonzo Spellman
 Clint Stoerner
 Daleroy Stewart
 Derrick Strait
 Kevin Swayne

T
 Ed Ta'amu
 Robert Thomas
 Burl Toler, III
 Nick Truesdell

V
 Mike Vanderjagt

W
 John Walker
 Kurt Warner
 Darius Watts
 Craig Whelihan
 Josh Wilcox
 Boo Williams
 Gillis Wilson
 Rod Windsor
 Rodney Wright

References

External links
ArenaFan list

National Football League
Arena
Arena


José Sylvio Fiolo (born March 2, 1950, in Campinas) is a former international breaststroke swimmer from Brazil.

Fiolo participated for his native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics: 1968 Mexico City, 1972 Munich and 1976 Montreal. In 1968, he obtained the 4th place in the 100-metre breaststroke; also participated in the 200-metre breaststroke and 4×100-metre medley, not going to the finals. In 1972, he was 6th in the 100-metre breaststroke, and along the Brazilian relay, ranked 5th in the 4×100-metre medley. Also attended the 200 meter breaststroke, not going to the finals. In 1976, participated in the 100-metre breaststroke, not going to the finals.

His greatest achievement occurred on February 19, 1968, at age 17, when, alone in the pool but in front of a crowd in the stands of the Clube de Regatas Guanabara, in Rio de Janeiro – the same place and the same way as Manuel dos Santos broke seven years before the world record of 100-metre freestyle – he established the World Record for the 100-metre breaststroke race, with a time of 1:06.4.

Fiolo also holds seven medals in Pan American Games.

At the 1967 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Fiolo won two gold medals in the 100-metre and 200-metre breaststroke events, and a bronze medal in the 4×100-metre medley.

At the 1971 Pan American Games in Cali, Fiolo won two bronze medals in the 100-metre breaststroke and 4×100-metre medley events. He also finished 5th in the 200-metre breaststroke. In the 4×100-metre medley, he broke the South American record, with a time of 4:02.94.

At the 1975 Pan American Games in Mexico City, Fiolo won two bronze medals in the 100-metre breaststroke and 4×100-metre medley events. He also finished 6th in the 200-metre breaststroke.

He's been living in Australia for more than 20 years. His son, Pietro Figlioli, was player of water polo of the Australian team, and now, by the Italian team.

References

1950 births
Living people
Brazilian male breaststroke swimmers
Swimmers at the 1967 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1971 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1975 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers for Brazil
World record setters in swimming
Pan American Games gold medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1967 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1971 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1975 Pan American Games
Sportspeople from Campinas
Swimmers from São Paulo (state)


"Low" is a song by American rock band Cracker. It appears on their 1993 album, Kerosene Hat. "Low", a sleeper hit, reached number 64 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart in May 1994. The song's biggest success was on the rock charts, reaching number three on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart in November 1993 and number five on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart in March 1994. The music video, directed by Carlos Grasso, portrays lead singer David Lowery losing a boxing match with actress and comedian Sandra Bernhard.

In 2013, Lowery posted an essay on his Trichordist site focused on "Low" in the era of streaming music. The headline was "My Song Got Played on Pandora 1 Million Times and All I Got Was $16.89, Less Than What I Make From a Single T-Shirt Sale!" The post went viral and continues to be a reference point in the debate over the economics of streaming music.

Background
David Lowery has said that the band's label made him write a letter to radio stations denying that the song was about drugs, claiming that the repeated phrase "being stoned" was really "being stone." Lowery paraphrased a label executive as telling him, "I don't believe you and neither will anyone else, but there needs to be deniability and this is what we're gonna say."

Track listings
UK CD single
"Low" – 4:36
"I Ride My Bike" – 6:32
"Sunday Train" – 3:42
"Whole Lotta Trouble" – 2:26

US CD single
"Low" – 4:35
"Sunday Train" – 3:42
"Whole Lotta Trouble" – 2:26
"I See The Light" – 5:13
"Steve's Hornpipe" – 2:13

Charts

Release history

Cover versions
In 2017, Lydia Lunch and Cypress Grove covered the song on their album Under the Covers.

In popular culture
The song was featured in the film The Perks of Being a Wallflower and its accompanying soundtrack in addition to The Wolverine and an episode of Hindsight and Rectify. B-side track "Whole Lotta Trouble" was featured on the soundtrack of the 1995 film Empire Records.

References

1993 singles
1993 songs
Black-and-white music videos
Cracker (band) songs
Virgin Records singles


"Teen Angst (What the World Needs Now)" is a song by the rock band Cracker. Released in 1992, it was the first single from their debut album Cracker, and went to #1 on the US Modern Rock chart.

The song was later released on the compilation albums, Garage D'Or and Get On with It: The Best of Cracker. Re-recordings of the song appear on the album Greatest Hits Redux and — accompanied by bluegrass band Leftover Salmon — O' Cracker Where Art Thou?.

Track listings
"Teen Angst (What the World Needs Now)" - 4:11
"Can I Take My Gun to Heaven?" - 3:50
"China" - 3:09

Chart positions

See also
Number one modern rock hits of 1992

In popular culture
The song was made available for download on June 5, 2012 to play in Rock Band 3 Basic and PRO mode utilizing real guitar / bass guitar, and MIDI compatible electronic drum kits.

References

1992 singles
Cracker (band) songs
Virgin Records singles
1992 songs


Odd Eidem (23 October 1913 – 10 June 1988) was a Norwegian writer, journalist and literary critic.

Biography
He was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. He was the eldest of three sons born to Gunnar Kølbel (1890–1963) and Dorothea Serine Eidem (1889–1940). His parents divorced during his youth. He grew up in Hamar and received his artium in 1931. He earned a master's degree in literature history at the University of Oslo in 1938.

He debuted in 1939 as a fiction author. During the 1930s, he was an active member of the political movement Mot Dag.
He worked as a secretary for Nansenhjelpen from 1938 to 1940.
After World War II, Eidem became a literary critic at Verdens Gang, where he remained a regular contributor until 1977.
From 1955 to 1977, he also wrote theater reviews.
He wrote a column for Aftenposten from 1978 to 1988.
His performances on radio can be heard on the CD collection Hørøretøret from the Gunnar Haugan NRK radio program Hørøret.

Eidem was awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature (Kritikerprisen) in 1978 for the flaneries, Cruise. He received the Cappelen Prize (Cappelenprisen) in 1980.

Selected works
Uten fane, 1939
Kala, 1971
Cruise, 1978
Pieter og jeg, 1979
Ute på veiene, 1980
Morgen i Dibonne. Et landsbybilde, 1982
Arons roser, 1985

Awards
Riksmål Society Literature Prize, 1960
Norwegian Booksellers' Prize, 1968
Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature, 1978

References

1913 births
1988 deaths
Writers from Oslo
Norwegian columnists
Norwegian literary critics
Norwegian theatre critics
Norwegian writers
Mot Dag
20th-century Norwegian writers
20th-century Norwegian journalists


Carl Eric Wickman (born Erik Wretman; August 7, 1887 – February 5, 1954) was the founder of Greyhound Lines.

Background
Wickman was born Erik Wretman at Martisgården, a family farm located near the small village of Limbäck in the parish of Våmhus, 15 km north of Mora in the province Dalarna, Sweden. He was the son of the farmer Karl Viktor Wretman (1858-1947) and Anna Matsdotter (1862-1943) and the maternal grandson of the famous Swedish hair jewelry artist Martis Karin Ersdotter.  He was the eldest of five siblings and was commonly known as Martis Jerk ("Martis" is the farm name and "Jerk" is the dialectal form of the name Erik).

He changed his name to Carl Eric Wickman in 1905, when he arrived in the United States as a Swedish emigrant. His father Victor had earlier used the surname Wickman when he worked in the United States.

Career
Wickman worked in a mine as a drill operator in Hibbing, Minnesota until he was laid off in 1914. In the same year, Wickman became a Hupmobile salesman as a partnership-owner. When he could not sell the first Hupmobile he received, he began operating a livery route from Hibbing and Alice, Minnesota. By using the seven multi-seat Hupmobile, he drove his former colleagues between the mines and homes. This was the start of what would later become the largest bus line in the United States, renamed "Greyhound Lines" in 1914.

In 1925, he bought a small line operating out of Superior, Wisconsin that was owned by Orville Swan Caesar (1892–1965).
Within a year, the duo formed Northland Transportation Company. The company formally changed its name to The Greyhound Corporation in 1930.
By 1934, he had expanded to 50 buses and had revenues of $340,000. Wickman retired as president of Greyhound Corporation in 1946. In 1952, he sold his interest in the  business for $960,000.

Personal life
In 1916, Wickman married Olga Rodin (1897–1977). They had two children Robert (Bob) and Peggy (Margaret).  In 1940 King Gustav V of Sweden  awarded Wickman with the  Order of Vasa, first class.

He died aged 66 in 1954 and was buried at Lakewood Cemetery in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Companies founded
Mesaba Transportation Company – 1915
Motor Transit Corporation – 1922
Northland Transportation Company – 1925
Greyhound Pacific – around 1930
The Greyhound Corporation – 1930

References

Additional sources
Jackson, Carlton (1984)  Hounds of the Road: A History of the Greyhound Bus Company (Popular Press)
Lundell, Kristin (2014) Busskungen- Svensken som grundade Greyhound (Stockholm: Norstedts)
Sundquist, Nils  (1969) Martis Jerk, Eric Wickman 1887-1954: Våmhuspojken Som Blev USA:s Busskung (Malung: Malungs Boktryckeri AB)

Related reading
Lewis, Anne Gillespie (2004) Swedes in Minnesota  (Minnesota Historical Society Press)

1887 births
1954 deaths
People from Dalarna
People in bus transport
American company founders
Swedish emigrants to the United States
Greyhound Lines
Hupmobile
American Lutherans
Knights First Class of the Order of Vasa
20th-century Lutherans


Federal Building and Post Office, and variations such as prefixed by Old, may refer to:

Main Post Office and Federal Building (Oakland, California), listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in Alameda County
U.S. Post Office, Courthouse and Federal Building (Sacramento, California), Sacramento, California, NRHP-listed
Cañon City Post Office and Federal Building, Cañon City, Colorado, NRHP-listed in Fremont County
US Post Office and Federal Building–Delta Main, Delta, Colorado, NRHP-listed in Delta County
U.S. Post Office and Federal Building (Denver, Colorado), Denver, Colorado, NRHP-listed
US Post Office and Federal Building–Monte Vista Main, Monte Vista, Colorado, NRHP-listed in Rio Grande County
US Post Office, Federal Building, and Federal Courthouse–Sterling Main, Sterling, Colorado, NRHP-listed in Logan County
U. S. Post Office and Federal Building (Hartford, Connecticut) / now kmown as William R. Cotter Federal Building, Hartford, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
U.S. Post Office–Federal Building (Sarasota, Florida), NRHP-listed
Federal Building, U.S. Courthouse, Downtown Postal Station, Tampa, Florida, NRHP-listed
 Old U.S. Post Office and Federal Building (Macon, Georgia), NRHP-listed
Terre Haute Post Office and Federal Building, Terre Haute, Indiana, NRHP-listed
Federal Building–US Post Office (Independence, Kansas), Independence, Kansas, NRHP-listed in Montgomery County
US Post Office and Federal Building–Salina, Salina, Kansas, NRHP-listed in Saline County
United States Post Office and Federal Building (Wichita, Kansas), NRHP-listed in Sedgwick County
Federal Building and US Post Office–Owensboro, Owensboro, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP in Kentucky
Old U.S. Post Office and Federal Building (Aberdeen, Mississippi), a Mississippi Landmark
Old U.S. Post Office and Federal Building (Oxford, Mississippi), a Mississippi Landmark
Lewistown Federal Building & Post Office, Lewistown, Montana, NRHP-listed in Fergus County
 Federal Building and Post Office (Fallon, Nevada), NRHP-listed
 Federal Building and Post Office (New York, New York), NRHP-listed
U. S. Post Office and Federal Building (Rockingham, North Carolina), Rockingham, North Carolina, NRHP-listed
Akron Post Office and Federal Building, Akron, Ohio, NRHP-listed
 Old Federal Building and Post Office (Cleveland, Ohio), NRHP-listed
Old Post Office and Federal Building (Dayton, Ohio), Dayton, Ohio, listed on the NRHP in Ohio
US Post Office and Federal Building–Zanesville, Zanesville, Ohio, NRHP-listed
Post Office, Courthouse, and Federal Office Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, NRHP-listed
U.S. Post Office and Federal Building (La Grande, Oregon), La Grande, Oregon, NRHP-listed
U.S. Post Office and Federal Building (Austin, Texas), Austin, Texas, NRHP-listed
US Post Office–Federal Building–Brenham, Brenham, Texas, listed on the NRHP in Texas
Lubbock Post Office and Federal Building, Lubbock, Texas, listed on the NRHP in Texas
US Post Office and Federal Building (Port Arthur, Texas), Port Arthur, TX, listed on the NRHP in Texas
Post Office and Federal Building (San Antonio, Texas), included in the Alamo Plaza Historic District
 Old Federal Building and Post Office (Victoria, Texas), listed on the NRHP in Texas
U.S. Post Office – Downtown Tacoma, also known as "U.S. Post Office – Downtown Tacoma – Federal Building", Tacoma, Washington, NRHP-listed in Pierce County

See also
List of United States post offices
List of United States federal courthouses

Federal buildings


HN3 may refer to:
Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine or HN3, a nitrogen mustard
Hydrazoic acid or HN3


Mario Scavello (born May 9, 1952) is a Republican member of the Pennsylvania State Senate representing the 40th district. Prior to his election to the State Senate in 2014, he served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives representing the 176th Legislative District of Pennsylvania.  He has been a member of the House Appropriations, Ethics, Finance, Professional Licensure, and Tourism and Recreational Development Committees.

Career
Prior to his election to the State House, Scavello was the mayor of Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania and former chairman of the Monroe County Board of Commissioners.

Scavello was first elected in a special election held April 23, 2002 to replace Chris Wogan, who was elected to serve on the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas.  The combination of Wogan's resignation and statewide redistricting eliminated the Philadelphia district and triggered a special election for the new district in Monroe County.  Scavello defeated a former representative, Democrat Joseph Battisto with over 60% of the vote to take the seat.  He was elected to a full term in November, 2002, and served six full terms in the House until he decided to run for the newly created 40th Senate District, which was moved from Allegheny County to Monroe and Northampton counties.

Scavello ran for and was elected to the Pennsylvania State Senate in the 2014 election. Scavello defeated Democrat Mark Aurand. On November 6, 2018, Scavello won his re-election bid against Democrat Tarah Probst.

Committee assignments

 Transportation, Vice Chair
 Aging & Youth
 Consumer Protection & Professional Licensure
 Rules & Executive Nominations
 Urban Affairs & Housing

Personal
Scavello is a graduate of Theodore Roosevelt High School in the Bronx, New York and attended the City University of New York.

He lives in Mount Pocono with his wife Mary Ann, and has two grown daughters.

References

External links
Representative Mario Scavello's official web site
Pennsylvania Senate Biography

1952 births
Living people
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
People from Monroe County, Pennsylvania
Politicians from the Bronx
Mayors of places in Pennsylvania
21st-century American politicians


Lauren Shakely is a poet, columnist, and publisher.

Personal life
Lauren Shakely is the grand-daughter of US Court of Appeals 11th Cir. judge Warren Leroy Jones (died 1993).

Career
Shakely has worked in senior editorial roles at Aperture, ARTnews, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Rizzoli.  Shakely joined Clarkson Potter around 1988, and by 2009, Shakely was publisher and senior vice president.

Works

References

20th-century American poets
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women
American book publishers (people)
American women poets
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Gunnar Bull Gundersen (5 April 1929 – 7 November 1993) was a Norwegian sailor, novelist, playwright and lyricist.

Biography
Gunnar Bull Gundersen was born at Stavanger  in Rogaland, Norway. Gundersen grew up with changing foster parents and at different boarding schools. He referred to his young years as a very itinerant childhood  and said he had visited 10 schools and been expelled from three of them. Shortly after World War II, he went to sea. He was welfare secretary in the State Welfare Office for the merchant navy (Statens Velferdskontor for Handelsflåten), where he was stationed in Antwerp, Rotterdam and Liverpool.  He took the officer and later captain examinations at Oslo Public Seamen's School (Oslo Offentlige Sjømannsskole) in 1953 and sailed for some years as an officer in foreign trade.  At one time he was also captain of the ferry between Nesodden and Oslo. While a newly qualified officer, he was hired as stage manager at the Radio Theatre for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation.

Gundersen was active in many fields. He was a theater director, novelist, playwright, emcee of radio and television, and wrote  lyrics with jazz musicians or in concert with his friend and colleague, lyricist   Harald Sverdrup  (1923–1992). He also made an important contribution as an enthusiastic jazz communicates through a long series of radio programs in 1960 - 1970.  In addition, he was a frequent contributor to the press.

In 1956, he made his literary debut with the novel Om natten – en bakgårdsfantasi. He was soon noticed  for his sure sense of language and fanciful imagination, which would become his trademarks. Gundersen published twelve novels receiving positive reviews and earning  several awards. Gundersen was awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature in 1959 for the novel Martin. For the stage, he wrote several plays and in collaboration with Jon Michelet  (1944–2018) wrote  Matros Tore Solem og hans skip (1979).

Selected works
Om natten – en bakgårdsfantasi (novel) 1956
Martin (novel) 1959
Judith; blader fra en kystskippers dagbok (novel) 1963
En dagdrivers opptegnelser (short stories) 1966
Han som ville male havet (novel) 1968
De hjemløse (novel) 1977
Matros Tore Solem og hans skip (play, with Jon Michelet)  1979

Awards
Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature (Kritikerprisen) - 1959
Mads Wiel Nygaard's Endowment  (Mads Wiel Nygaards legat) - 1960
Riksmål Society Literature Prize (Riksmålsforbundets litteraturpris) - 1961

References

1929 births
1993 deaths
Writers from Stavanger
20th-century Norwegian novelists
Norwegian radio personalities
Norwegian music journalists
Norwegian dramatists and playwrights
Norwegian theatre people
Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature winners
20th-century Norwegian journalists


The tale known as "The Poison Dress" or "Embalmed Alive" features a dress that has in some way been poisoned. This is a recurring theme throughout legends and folktales of various cultures, including ancient Greece, Mughal India, and the United States. Although lacking evidence suggesting that some American urban legends are directly linked to the classical tales, they share several common motifs.

Greek mythology

The poison dress motif is similar to the Shirt of Flame. In Greek mythology, when Jason left the sorceress Medea to marry Glauce, King Creon's daughter, Medea took her revenge by sending Glauce a poison dress and a golden coronet, also dipped in poison. This resulted in the death of the princess and, subsequently, the king, when he tried to save her.

The Shirt of Nessus is smeared with the poisoned blood of the centaur Nessus, which was given to Hercules by Hercules' wife, Deianira. Deianira had been tricked by Nessus and made to believe that the blood would ensure Hercules's faithfulness. According to Sophocles' tragedy The Women of Trachis, Hercules began to perspire when he put on the shirt, which soon clung to his flesh, corroding it. He eventually threw himself onto a pyre on Mount Oeta in extreme agony and burned to death.

Indian folklore

Numerous tales of poison khilats (robes of honour) have been recorded in historical, folkloric, and medical texts of British Indianists. Gifts of clothing were common in major life-cycle rituals in pre-industrial India and these stories revolve around fears of betrayal, inspired by ancient custom of giving khilats to friends and enemies as demonstrations of a social relationship or a political alliance.

In 1870, Norman Chevers, M.D., a Surgeon-Major to the Bengal Medical Service, authored Manual of Medical Jurisprudence for India, describing unusual crimes involving poisons native to India. The book included three cases of poison khilat death, attributing the cause of one of the deaths to lethal vesicants impregnating the fabric of the robe and entering the victim's sweat pores.

American urban legends
The theme of the poison dress appears in several American urban legends, which were recorded in folklore collections and journal articles in the 1940s and 1950s. Folklorist Stith Thompson noted the classical prototype in these stories, "Shirt of Nessus", and assigned Motif D1402.5, "Magic shirt burns wearer up". Jan Harold Brunvand provides the summary of one of the stories:

Folklorist Ernest Baughman speculated that the story might have been used as adverse publicity to discredit a well-known store, since several variants of the story specifically mention the name of the store at which the dress was supposedly purchased. The legend continued to be told long after its initial popularity, with "embalming fluid" sometimes replacing the formaldehyde mentioned in the earlier version. This urban legend was dramatized in the episode "'Til Death Do We Part" from the crime-scene drama CSI: NY.

Also contributing to the poison-dress theme is the prevalence of smallpox-contaminated blankets, which were given to Native Americans. Well-documented examples include the tainted blankets gifted to Indians at Fort Pitt in 1763.

References

Dresses
Recurring elements in folklore
Urban legends


BASEketball is a 1998 American sports comedy film co-written and directed by David Zucker and starring South Park creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, along with Yasmine Bleeth, Jenny McCarthy, Robert Vaughn, Ernest Borgnine, and Dian Bachar.

The film is about the sport of BASEketball, a hybrid sport combining baseball and basketball that was invented by Zucker in the 1980s. Parker and Stone play childhood friends who invent the game as something they could win against more athletic types. The sport becomes an overnight sensation and a target of corporate sponsorship.

This is the only work involving Parker and Stone that was neither written, directed, nor produced by them. The film was a box office disappointment and received mixed critical reviews.

BASEketball is credited with coining the Internet slang term "derp".

Plot
Milwaukee slackers and lifelong best friends Joseph R. "Coop" Cooper and Douglas "Doug" Remer gate crash a high-school reunion and are shunned by their classmates. They find themselves outside drinking beer and shooting a basketball when two classmates challenge them to a game. After seeing that their opponents are very good at basketball, they say they will only play a game they picked up in the streets (while secretly inventing the rules as they play, based on and combining elements of both basketball and baseball). After winning, they decide to refine the rules to the game and Coop makes the first BASEketball out of a La-Z-Boy chair. Their friend, Kenny "Squeak" Scolari, tags along and the sport becomes very popular in the neighborhood over the next six months.

Businessman Ted Denslow meets Coop and Remer and proposes the creation of the National BASEketball League (NBL) along with numerous rules in place to prevent its decline: teams cannot switch cities, players cannot be traded, individuals cannot make money via corporate sponsorship deals, and anyone who wants to play can freely participate, with Denslow stating that "anyone can be a sports hero". Though reluctant, Coop ultimately accepts the opportunity.

Five years later, the NBL is in full swing with teams, fans, stadiums, and a major championship, the Denslow Cup. Denslow owns the Milwaukee Beers, Coop and Remer's team. During the championship game, he dies from choking on a hot dog, causing Coop to miss his shot and costing the Beers the game. Denslow's will names Coop as owner of the Beers for one year on the condition that they win the next Denslow Cup; otherwise, ownership reverts to Denslow's widow Yvette. Coop and Remer then meet Jenna Reed, head of the Dream Come True Foundation, and Joey, one of the children in her care and a passionate fan of BASEketball; Coop, Remer and Squeak begin spending time with the two, with Coop eventually forming a romantic relationship with Jenna.

Baxter Cain, owner of the Dallas Felons, wants to remove Denslow's rules preventing monetization of the sport, having been unable to do so during Denslow's lifetime. However, Coop refuses to accept any changes; Cain partners with Yvette as he tries to make the Beers lose the next Denslow Cup so she will own the team; however, the Beers still continue winning games and heading towards the championship. Cain approaches Remer, telling him that he made an offer to Coop, but Coop refused without telling Remer. Remer confronts Coop about what Cain told him, and Coop quickly compromises by declaring Remer part owner of the team.

Later, Cain cuts the funding to Jenna's foundation in an attempt to get Coop and Remer to adopt a clothing line; Coop opposes it, but Remer agrees and becomes conceited with his newfound A-list status. After the semifinals, Cain blackmails Coop and Remer into losing or forfeiting the Denslow Cup game, or else he will inform the public that the clothing line has been produced through child labor in Calcutta, thus ruining the team and Jenna's foundation. Jenna learns about the scandal and breaks up with Coop, as Coop and Remer blame each other for the controversy, with Remer declaring that Coop was no longer his best friend.

With their friendship dissolved, Coop goes to Calcutta, aiming to resolve the situation by replacing the child workers with adults. Returning to the championship game just as it begins, Coop and Remer still argue with each other and the Beers are losing; by the seventh-inning stretch, the Beers are down 16–0. Finally infuriated by the pair's feuding, Squeak gives the stadium an impassioned speech, reminding Coop and Remer where they came from, how much they changed everyone else's lives, and what they risk losing if they lose the game. Motivated, Coop and Remer reconcile as Yvette, also moved by Squeak's speech, breaks off her alliance with Cain. After shifting their focus back in the game, they are poised to win when Coop's La-Z-Boy BASEketball pops. Joey brings a crestfallen Coop a new BASEketball made from a Barcalounger, restoring his confidence. After a risky last throw, they win the Denslow Cup. Jenna and Coop reconcile as Yvette makes out with Remer, and both men skate around the stadium with their new trophy.

Cast

Cameo appearances

Production
David Zucker, who then had a first-look deal at Universal Pictures, pitched the idea of a low-brow comedy about a game he invented and played in the 1980s. Zucker had previously attempted to adapt the idea into a TV series without success. A pilot episode was filmed which starred Chris Rock, but it did not materialize into a series.

When Zucker got the green-light from Universal, he had wanted Chris Farley to play the lead role before casting Parker and Stone due to their work with South Park becoming a huge hit. Parker and Stone agreed to do the movie under the assumption that their show would have been canceled by the time filming began. This did not happen, and the pair found themselves working on both projects simultaneously.

Soundtrack
The soundtrack featured a bouncy ska cover of Norwegian band A-ha's signature single "Take On Me" by Reel Big Fish. The band also appears as the live entertainment at the home stadium of the Milwaukee Beers, playing their song "Beer" amongst other songs.  The soundtrack also includes the Smash Mouth cover of the popular War song "Why Can't We Be Friends?" and a cover of Harry Belafonte's "Jump In The Line (Shake Shake Senora)" by Cherry Poppin' Daddies.

Critical reception

Box office
BASEketball was released on July 31, 1998, opening alongside The Parent Trap, The Negotiator, and Ever After. It debuted in the #11 spot in its opening weekend, which was led by Saving Private Ryan. Its domestic total was $7,027,290.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, BASEketball has an approval rating of 41%, with an average rating of 5.30/10, based on 51 reviews from critics. The website's critics consensus reads, "Baseketball isn't just a succession of fouls thanks to the comedic zip of David Zucker's direction, but sophomoric gags and a lack of performance hustle by Trey Parker and Matt Stone makes this satire a clumsy bunt." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 38 out of 100, based on reviews from 18 critics, indicating "Generally unfavorable reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade B on scale of A to F.

In a positive review with Variety, Leonard Klady said BASEketball "has the heightened entertainment challenge of presenting an invented sport ... The film's physical comedy should translate well internationally and chalk up high scores on video". The film was awarded four stars out of five by Empire magazine's Ian Freer, who called it funny but described the humor as sometimes hit-and-miss. Conversely, Los Angeles Times Jack Mathews labeled the film as sleep-inducing and "by far the most inane and badly written of the comedies made by any of the creators of the classic 1980 sendup Airplane!". Michael O'Sullivan in The Washington Post'''' called the film "dark, dull, witless and hobbled by poor comic timing," comparing its gross-out humor unfavorably to that of There's Something About Mary. Roger Ebert echoed this sentiment in his negative review in the Chicago Sun-Times, giving the film one and a half stars out of four and saying the film "tries to buy laughs with puerile shocks".

Accolades
For their roles in the film, Yasmine Bleeth and Jenny McCarthy were nominated at the 1998 Golden Raspberry Awards, for the Worst Actress and Worst Supporting Actress awards, respectively. Bleeth lost to the Spice Girls (for Spice World) while McCarthy lost to Maria Pitillo (Godzilla).

In popular culture
In response to a negative review from Roger Ebert, Parker and Stone named South Park second season's eleventh episode "Roger Ebert Should Lay Off the Fatty Foods". Parker and Stone also referenced BASEketball negative reception in South Park season-eight episode "The Passion of the Jew".BASEketball is credited with coining the Internet slang term "derp". Parker and Stone later referenced the term in South Park third season episode "The Succubus", where Chef is replaced by Mr. Derp.

See also
 "Sarcastaball", an episode of South Park''

References

External links

1990s sports comedy films
1990s buddy comedy films
1998 comedy films
1998 films
American baseball films
American basketball films
American buddy comedy films
American slapstick comedy films
American sports comedy films
Fictional ball games
Fictional basketball players
Films directed by David Zucker (director)
Films scored by Ira Newborn
Films set in Wisconsin
Films with screenplays by David Zucker (filmmaker)
Universal Pictures films
1990s English-language films
1990s American films
Films produced by David Zucker


The Bridgeport Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency in Bridgeport, Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is responsible for most law enforcement within the geographical boundaries of City of Bridgeport, with the exception of:
City parks, which are handled by the Bridgeport Park Police Department
Most judicial warrants and judicial process, which are handled by the Fairfield County State Marshal
Highway patrol, which is handled by the Connecticut State Police

Bridgeport was the first city in New England to deploy radio patrol police cars, in September 1933.

Leadership
Rebeca Garcia was appointed by Bridgeport Mayor Joe Ganim as acting chief, a few hours after her predecessor was arrested by the FBI.

Officer salary
In 2012, the maximum annual salary for police officers was $168,374.  In 2020, Connecticut Post sent a Freedom Of Information Request to Bridgeport. It was discovered former police Chief Armando Perez earned $461,061 in 2019. 61 out of the 100 highest earners in Bridgeport were police officers in 2019.

Crime
The department operates within Connecticut's most populous city. Bridgeport has the 56th largest metro area in the United States.

Major standoffs

July 2008 standoff
This was a seven-hour standoff situation off Capital Avenue with a mentally unstable man who was heavily armed and believed he was a Soviet spy. The man barricaded himself in his home with his family, including his wife and several children. The standoff lasted for several hours and was a top story in Connecticut.

January 2008 standoff
In January 2008 a 30-minute standoff occurred. Several buildings and streets were evacuated to make way for police. After 30 minutes the police arrested the man for breach of peace.

June 2007 standoff
A two-day-long standoff resulted in Andy Garcia being arrested. The situation apparently started when police received a shots-fired call in the middle of the day. Someone reported the suspect's name and licence plate number to police, which led them to a house on Seaview Avenue. When they arrived, a man opened fire. Police evacuated the neighborhood, blocked off the street and put the house under surveillance.

March 2005 standoff
In March 2005, a man was arrested after shooting at and having a standoff with Bridgeport police officers. Police responded to a dispute call with guns involved on Black Rock Avenue. According to police the suspect had two shotguns and a rifle in the apartment, and was firing at Bridgeport police while having a dispute with a woman.

Controversies

In April 1972, community members in Bridgeport sued members of BPD, along with other city officials, over a charge of police brutality during police action spurred by a rent strike in May 1971.

In 2019, Rebeca Garcia was approved by the City Council as the city’s first female Hispanic assistant police chief. The very next day she was sued. Police captains Brian Fitzgerald, Steven Lougal, and Roderick Porter, and Deputy Police Chief Anthony Armeno, who is behind the lawsuit, alleged her appointment was “unlawful and invalid.” The lawsuit alleges that “The plaintiffs possess qualifications, in the least, equal to those of Captain Rebecca (sic) Garcia, and, under the City Charter must be allowed to compete for the position of assistant police chief, unless legitimately disqualified". Rebeca Garcia eventually became acting police chief one month before the trial challenging her qualifications to be assistant chief is expected to take place.

On September 10, 2020, police chief Armando Perez was arrested by the FBI on 2 counts of wire fraud and three counts of making false statements alongside acting personnel director of Bridgeport David Dunn. Perez faces 50 years while Dunn faces 40. The investigation was a collaboration between the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, known for their independence and competence nationally, and the United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut. According to the news release, Perez and Dunn rigged Bridgeport's chief search to ensure Perez would be chosen. The investigation occurred in part thanks to An unnamed officer, who is labeled in court documents as "Officer-1", and his collaboration with federal agents. The documents reveal “Officer-1” recorded most of the incriminating conversations both under the command of the FBI and not under the command of the FBI. He began the recordings soon after his retirement and revealed that he along with others had a central part in the fraud. After Perez's arrest, Perez immediately resigned, and Joe Ganim replaced him with Assistant Police Chief Rebeca Garcia in an acting role. On Monday, October 5, 2020, Perez and Dunn both pleaded guilty to all charges in US District Court in front of Judge Kari A. Dooley as they waived Grand Jury indictments. She required the two pay $149,405 in restitution to the city of Bridgeport as the United States Department of Justice recommended 24 months in prison. Perez is to be sentenced on January 4, 2021, while Dunn will be sentenced on January 11, 2021.

Popular culture
In the 2008 film Pistol Whipped, Steven Seagal plays a former cop from the Bridgeport Police Department.

See also

 List of law enforcement agencies in Connecticut

References

External links
Department home page
Page on USA Cops

Government of Bridgeport, Connecticut
Municipal police departments of Connecticut
Organizations based in Bridgeport, Connecticut
1837 establishments in Connecticut


The 1997 Libyan Super Cup was a two-legged football match that took place between Friday, October 24, 1997, and Monday, October 27 between LPL winners Al Tahaddy and Libyan Al Fatah Cup winners Al Nasr. This was the first edition of the competition, and as this was an all-Benghazi final, both legs were played at the March 28 Stadium, consequently the home stadium of both sides. Al Tahaddy won the match 1–0 over the two legs, and claimed the first Super Cup title.

Match details

First leg

Second leg

Libyan Super Cup
Super Cup


The Namibian Coast Conservation and Management Project (NACOMA) is a conservation and wildlife monitoring project operating in Namibia. NACOMA, as it is known, was officially launched in March 2006 as a five-year project co-funded by the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) and the Namibian government with the support of the World Bank.

NACOMA's objectives are to prevent the loss of biodiversity and coastal degradation in Namibia and to promote sustainable development which comply with global environmental demands on a localised and national level.

NACOMA supports scientific monitoring and research along the coast of Namibia including Mercury Island, Ichaboe Island, Halifax Island and  Possession Island, islands which support the entire Namibian breeding population of Cape gannets Morus capensis, 96% of the Namibian population of the endangered African penguin Spheniscus demersus, and nearly 90% of the global breeding population of bank cormorants Phalacrocorax neglectus.

References

External links
Namibian Coast Conservation and Management Project

Nature conservation in Namibia


The Indian Open, titled for sponsorship reasons as the Hero Indian Open since 2011, is the national open golf championship of India, organised by the Indian Golf Union. Founded in 1964, it was added to the Asia Golf Circuit schedule in 1970. In 1998 it became an event on the rival Omega Tour (known as the Asian Tour since 2004). Since 2015, it has also been co-sanctioned by the European Tour.

From 1964 until 2000, the tournament was held exclusively at either Delhi Golf Club or Royal Calcutta Golf Club. Since then it has been held at Classic Golf Resort in 2000 and 2001, Karnataka Golf Association in 2012, and DLF Golf and Country Club in 2009 and since 2017; all other editions have been held at Delhi Golf Club.

History
The inaugural event was held in February 1964. Peter Thomson beat Ralph Moffitt by four strokes. Thomson was the inspiration behind the event. He used to stop off in India while travelling worldwide to play and soon realised the potential for golf and that the best way to promote it would be an international tournament. It was this insight that persuaded the Indian Golf Union to establish the Indian Open. Thompson continued to play in the event and won again in 1966 and 1976. His three wins was equalled by Jyoti Randhawa in 2007.

The second event in 1965 was won by Indian amateur Prem Gopal (Billoo) Sethi, who beat Guy Wolstenholme by seven strokes. Sethi still remains the only amateur winner. It was not until 1991, when Ali Sher became champion, that India had another winner.

In 1970 the Indian Open became part of the Asia Golf Circuit; it had been an "associate event" on the circuit in 1967 and 1968. As a result of joining the tour, the field increased in strength with notable winners including three-time major champion Payne Stewart.

There have been a number of sponsors over the years, with Hero Honda Motors Ltd taking over sponsorship in 2005. The prize fund for 2017 was US$1.75 million.

No events took place in 2020, 2021 and 2022 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Venues
The following venues have been used since the founding of the Indian Open in 1964.

Winners

Source:

Notes

References

External links
Coverage on the Asian Tour's official site
Coverage on the European Tour's official site

Asia Golf Circuit events
Former Asian Tour events
European Tour events
Golf tournaments in India
Recurring sporting events established in 1964
1964 establishments in Delhi


Oasis Academy Brightstowe is a secondary school with academy status in Bristol, England. It opened in September 2008 in the buildings of the former Portway Community School.

Sponsors
Oasis Academy Brightstowe is sponsored by Oasis Community Learning, which is a separate charity, but is part of the Oasis Global family. Oasis UK, a Christian organisation, was founded by Rev Steve Chalke M.B.E. in 1985, and began its work in the UK but now delivers educational, healthcare and housing projects globally.
Oasis Community Learning sponsor over fifty other academies across the UK.

Description
Oasis Academy Brightstowe is Academy for 11- to 19-year-olds, located in Shirehampton in north Bristol. The Academy opened in September 2008 in the redeveloped buildings of the former Portway School. It has about 800 students.

On opening, the school served about 500 11-16 year olds from an area of significant social economic disadvantage. A quarter of students were eligible for free school meals. The vast majority of students are White British and very few speak an ethnic language at home. About a third have special educational needs.

Oasis
Oasis Academy Brightstowe is part of the Oasis Community Learning group, a Christian charity  The trust have guided forty schools out of special measures. Only one of the 52 Oasis academies is now classified as failing. The academy has been consistently rated as a 'Good' school.

Curriculum
The academy runs a two year Key Stage 3. Setting, based on Key Stage 2 SATs is employed in the Core Subjects (English, maths, science, humanities and languages), with other subjects being mixed ability.

In the three year Key Stage 4, that is years 9, 10 and 11, there is core subjects with option block system. This is based on choosing the subjects needed for English Baccalaureate, and a good progress 8 benchmark score.

Post 16 provision
Students progress to the North Bristol Post 16 Centre which is made up of both Redland Green and Cotham Learning Communities, which offer 45 Level 3 courses and a good selection of Level 2 courses.

Specialism
The specialism of the Academy is Mathematics and ICT with Business and Enterprise, and these disciplines are emphasised throughout the curriculum.

Notable former pupils

Portway School
 Robert Melias (born c.1955), the first person to be convicted of rape, with DNA fingerprinting (DNA profiling), of Shirehampton and Avonmouth; he was a convicted petty thief in the early 1970s, and had alcohol and gambling addictions; he was defended by Simon Darwall-Smith; he had absconded and was re-arrested on 11 August 1987 in Weymouth; aged 32 he was jailed for 8 years by Sir Hugh Park on Friday 13 November 1987, being caught by Detective Con Clive Tippetts, after raping a 43 year old woman, with polio, on 29 January 1987 in Avonmouth; six Home Office centres and the Met Police, had scientists trained in DNA fingerprinting

References

Secondary schools in Bristol
Academies in Bristol
Brightstowe
Educational institutions established in 2008
2008 establishments in England


Dr Saeed Reza Ghaffari () is an Iranian scientist and physician born in 1962, Fasa, Iran. He graduated from Tehran Medical School in 1986. He received his MSc and PhD degrees in medical Genetics from Glasgow university, UK.  He is the first Iranian doctor who obtained MSc, MD and PhD in medical genetics. He has founded the Iranian Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF Iran), Hope Generation Foundation of Iran, Center for prevention of congenital disorders and developmental delays and the "Gene Clinic". He is the founder of the Electronic Journal of Medical Genetics  and current elected head of the Iranian Society of Medical Genetics. Dr Ghaffari has pioneered the Down syndrome  and newborn screening programs using Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in Iran.  "Iranian Genetic Core Facility" designed and established by Dr Ghaffari was opened officially in February 2010 in Imam hospital, Tehran, Iran. In November 2014, he established the first "Next Generation Sequencing" center in Iran at the "Hope Generation Foundation" which was officially opened by the Iranian health minister in January 2015.

References

External links
Official website
FMF Iran
Iranian Society of Medical genetics
Hope Generation Foundation
Down Syndrome Network

Iranian geneticists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


United States v. Feola, 420 U.S. 671 (1975), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that conspiracy to assault a federal officer, like the substantive crime of assaulting a federal officer, doesn't require knowledge that the victims were federal officers.

The case involved a drug "rip-off" in which the defendant and his co-conspirators agreed to sell sugar as heroin to unsuspecting buyers. They agreed that if the buyers discovered their ruse, they would jump the buyers and take their money. The sellers didn't know that the buyers were all undercover federal narcotics agents. Although the sellers tried to assault one of the agents, another agent pulled out his revolver and the agents eventually arrested the sellers.

The court's opinion addressed—and eventually dispensed with—Judge Learned Hand's famous analogy in United States v. Crimmins 123 F.2d 271, 273 (2d Cir. 1941). Hand noted that conspiracy to commit mail fraud was akin to conspiracy to run a red light - both substantive crimes don't require knowledge beforehand. But agreement or conspiracy requires knowledge that there is such a red light, or that the mails will be used. The Court characterized this analogy as "effective prose...[but]...bad law." 420, at 689-90. The court argued that conspiracy agreements don't require agreement on every point of the crime, and so imposing a higher agreement requirement for a conspiracy to assault was illogical in light of the policy reasons for criminalizing conspiracy. The court identified these reasons as protecting society from concerted criminal activity and the social threat posed even by an inchoate crime.

Instead the court reasoned that because the conspiracy statute didn't require a higher mens rea than the substantive crime, the same mens rea requirement applies to both by default. The court reasoned that one purpose of the assault statute was to provide a federal forum (specific jurisdiction) for assaults on federal officers. Therefore, conspiracy to assault a federal officer didn't require proof that the defendant knew that his intended victim was a federal officer.

Justice Potter Stewart dissented, arguing that the structure of the assault statute and legislative history of its predecessor supported his interpretation that the statute only applied if the defendant knew his victim was a federal officer.

Sources
 Stephen A. Saltzburg, et al. Criminal Law-Cases and Materials (2008, Third Ed.) Newark, NJ: LexisNexis. pp 752–53.

External links

United States Supreme Court cases
1975 in United States case law
United States Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court
United States Supreme Court criminal cases


John Edward Sharman, DSC and Bar and Croix de Guerre (11 September 1892 – 22 July 1917) was a Canadian flying ace in World War I credited with eight victories.

Early life
Sharman was born in Oak Lake, Manitoba, to Thomas Higgins Sharman and Frances A. Sharman. He was the oldest child in his family, followed by his sister Beverly and his brother Thomas. He attended university in Toronto, where he studied to become a mining engineer. His father had served in the 90th Winnipeg Rifles during the North-West Rebellion of 1885 and then as a member of the militia with the 12th Manitoba Dragoons.

World War I
Sharman joined the Royal Naval Air Service on 3 February 1916 and served with 3 Wing until its disbandment in April 1917. Flying Sopwith 1½ Strutter aircraft, he participated in at least twenty-nine raids and claimed one enemy aircraft destroyed. Sharman was cited by the French General Castelnau for services in eleven of these raids, notably two raids on the same day on Freiburg and was awarded the Croix de guerre.

From 1 May 1917, Sharman was posted to form part of the nucleus of 10(N) Squadron, flying Sopwith Triplanes; his flight commander was the notable Canadian ace Raymond Collishaw. In June and July 1917, Sharman claimed seven victories and became a flight commander on 9 July 1917.

On 22 July 1917, Sharman and the rest of C Flight set off for a morning patrol at around 0725 hrs. His flight was patrolling the area between Ypres and Messines when they encountered scouts from JG1. As he engaged the first aircraft, his Triplane suffered a direct hit from anti-aircraft fire, probably from Flak Batterie 503. John Sharman is commemorated on the Arras Memorial to the Missing. During the same dogfight, FLt J. Page was shot down and killed by Ltn Otto Brauneck. They were both shot down in the same area around Comines-Warneton, Belgium. Sharman and Page are buried side by side at Pont-Du-Hem Military Cemetery, La Gorgue, France. Sharman had no offspring.

References

1917 deaths
1892 births
Royal Naval Air Service aviators
Royal Naval Air Service personnel of World War I
Canadian World War I flying aces
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
Canadian recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
Aviators killed by being shot down
People from Westman Region, Manitoba
British military personnel killed in World War I


Oasis Academy John Williams is a secondary school with an academy status in the Hengrove district of Bristol, England. Opened in 2008, it is run by Oasis Community Learning.

The academy serves Hengrove and the surrounding areas. A small majority of the students are from one of the most deprived wards in the country, Filwood, and one third of students are eligible for free school meals and thus pupil premium. As of 2013, almost all students are White British and very few speak English as an additional language.

History
Before 2008, the school was known as Hengrove Community Arts College and then Oasis Academy Bristol, before adopting its current name in September 2010, in tribute of the school's founding Principal, John Williams, who had died of a heart attack.

In 2008 the school converted to being an academy and joined the Oasis Community Learning multi-academy trust. The unexpected death of John Williams  necessitated a management restructuring, and vice-principal Rebecca Clark became principal at the age of 31, and the youngest head-teacher in the country. The school opened in the former schools building then moved into new-build in July 2010. It serves a deprived area of Bristol. Rebecca Clarke took on the role of national education director and South West regional director for Oasis Community Learning, then in April 2016 became Ofsteds regional commissioner of schools for the South West of England.

In 2013 Ofsted rated this a 'Good' school. In 2016 the governors decided not to run a sixth form (Key Stage 5): in a 'short inspection' in 2017, Ofsted confirmed it was still a 'Good' school.

Curriculum
Virtually all maintained schools and academies follow the National Curriculum, and their success is judged on how well they succeed in delivering a 'broad and balanced curriculum'. Schools endeavour to get all students to achieve the English Baccalaureate(EBACC) qualification; this must include core subjects a modern or ancient foreign language, and either History or Geography.

The academy operates a three-year Key Stage 3. Students arrive from the primary schools with lower than average attainment. In Year 7 and Year 8, they study all core National Curriculum subjects. After a transition period in Year 9, they are guided to select two non-core subjects that they will follow through to GCSE.

At Key Stage 4, the focus is on the EBACC and the curriculum is narrowed further; Maths, English and Science plus two options. Spanish is the taught Modern Language. History or geography must be one of the options. Triple science is available by invitation only.

References

Further reading

External links

Secondary schools in Bristol
Academies in Bristol
John Williams


Mag-ingat Ka sa... Kulam () or Kulam is a Filipino fantasy- horror film co-written and directed by Jun Lana and starring Judy Ann Santos and Dennis Trillo. It is produced and released by Regal Films as part of their year-long 48th anniversary celebration. The film was released domestically on October 1, 2008.
The film is about a married woman who starts behaving unpredictably as she recovers from a terrible car accident.

Mag-ingat Ka sa... Kulam is the first film among others to be officially released without charge on YouTube by Regal Entertainment, on May 2, 2020.

Plot
After Mira wakes up from a car accident, she starts seeing things that she could not explain. She feels paranormal activity is occurring inside their house. As she cannot remember anything that happened before the accident, Dave comes to her house and explains to her that she was supposed to leave her husband, Paul, and elope with him. Dave tells her that she loved him and she entrusted a secret to him. Mira learns that Paul had another lover before which caused their relationship to deteriorate. Even her blind child, Sophie seems aloof and is scared of her. She starts to patch things up between her and her family but cannot forget what Dave told her about her secret.

Mira calls up Dave to meet him and Dave explains to her the secret. Dave tells her how she had a twin sister named Maria that she left in an asylum after she goes insane after their mother's death. Mira and Dave go to the asylum to see Maria, only to be told she committed suicide a month back and her unclaimed corpse taken to a university for study. She tells Paul about this which surprises him. Paul calls the university to claim the corpse and have it cremated.

Sophie's vision is restored after she undergoes an eye transplant, but upon opening her eyes, she sees a woman standing behind her mother, which only she can see.

Eventually Paul and Mira have enough of the paranormal activity so they decide to seek help from a medium, who tells them that a powerful spell is to acquire a physical body on an eclipse when spirits are at their most powerful. The medium findsa doll which he calls "antiguar", a powerful device that a bad spirit can use to let itself remain in this world. On the night of the eclipse, Sophie and Paul watch the phenomenon when Paul catches a glimpse of something white approaching them, which turns out to be Maria's body. He takes Sophie inside in her room, where he finds a tape which he sees was recorded by Mira for him. The video shows Mira videotaping herself before her accident, saying in the tape how Paul could fight Maria. In the room where Mira was, her body becomes that of Maria. It is revealed that it was Maria who came back from the car accident and it was Mira who died in the asylum and got cremated. Mira had been dead all along and it was Maria who used her body to come back to the world and take vengeance against Mira through her family.

Mira recalls that their mother was a mangkukulam (witch) and tried to transfer her powers to the twins when they were young. Being the braver one, Mira tried to contradict their mother's chants as she did not want to learn about her evil doings and voodoo magic. When the twins grew up, Mira decided to run away from home, leaving Maria behind. Their mother died soon after. Mira attended the burial and thought that Maria had gone insane, claiming she could talk to things that Mira could not see. Mira then told her twin that she would bring her with her to Manila. It turned out though that Mira would send her to the asylum, leaving Maris heartbroken. One night, she stayed up late and did the aforementioned spell so that her and Mira's souls could switch. The chant was effective, but when Maria's soul transferred to Mira's body (who was on the way to the asylum to stop Maria from doing any harm to her family) the car got into a horrible accident. Maria, who woke up in Mira's body could no longer remember anything while Mira who found herself in Maria's body woke up from the trance already in the asylum.

In the present, Paul replays the videotape that Mira left for him. Mira said that by the time Paul got to watch the video, she would have been dead. Paul needs to trap Maria in a circle made of Mira's body's ashes. Paul does this but Maria discovers the trick. She is then pushed by Sophie into the circle of ash. Paul stabbs the "antiguar" with a piece of wood and Maria's soul burns and disappears. Mira's soul shows up to Paul and Sophie to bid them farewell. It is hinted at the end that Mira's daughter Sophie saw the book that was used for "kulam".

Cast

Reception

Critical response
The film received an "A" rating from the Cinema Evaluation Board.

Box Office
The film was a box office success. The film grossed P43.3 million on its opening weekend, and grossed P87.4 million for its entire theatrical run.

Accolades
6th Golden Screen Awards
 Best Visual Effects: Roadrunner Network, Inc.
25th PMPC Star Awards for Movies
 Movie of the Year
 Movie Director of the Year: Jun Lana
 Movie Actress of the Year: Judy Ann Santos
 Movie Child Performer of the Year: Sharlene San Pedro
 Original Movie Screenplay of the Year: Jun Lana, Elmer Gatchalian and Renato Custodio
 Movie Cinematographer of the Year: Moises Zee
 Movie Editor of the Year: Ria De Guzman, Renewin Alano & Mikael Angelo Pestano
 Movie Production Designer of the Year: Mario Lipit & Edgar Martin Littaua
 Movie Sound Engineer of the Year: Bebet Casas
11th Gawad Pasado Awards
 Pinakapasadong Editing (Best Editing): Ria de Guzman, Renewin Alano at Angelo Pestano
 Pinakapasadong Tunog (Best Sound): Bebet Casas
27th FAP Luna Awards
 Best Musical Scoring: Von de Guzman

See also
List of ghost films

References

External links

2008 films
2008 horror films
Philippine horror films
Philippine ghost films
Witchcraft in Philippine films
Regal Entertainment films
2000s Tagalog-language films
Films directed by Jun Robles Lana


Astrid Tollefsen (11 December 1897 – 9 October 1973) was a Norwegian poet. She was born in Horten. She made her literary debut with the poetry collection Portrett i speil (1947). She lived in a long-term relationship with the lyricist Gunvor Hofmo.

Tollefsen was awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature in 1967 for the poetry collection Hendelser.

Awards
Gyldendal's Endowment 1958
Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature 1967

References

1897 births
1973 deaths
20th-century Norwegian poets
Norwegian women poets
20th-century Norwegian women writers
Lesbian poets
Norwegian LGBT poets
Norwegian lesbian writers
People from Horten
20th-century Norwegian LGBT people


Jackpot Comics was the name of an American anthology comic book magazine series published by MLJ Magazines Inc., more commonly known as MLJ Comics, for nine issues between Spring 1941 and Spring 1943. It featured new stories of a number of characters previously seen in other MLJ publications.

Publication history
Jackpot Comics was published by MLJ Magazines Inc., the precursor to what would become the publisher Archie Comics. It featured a number of MLJ's existing characters from their other titles, Blue Ribbon Comics, Top-Notch Comics and Pep Comics: Steel Sterling written by Joe Blair and drawn by Irv Novick, Black Hood, Mr Justice by Joe Blair and Sam Cooper and Sergeant Boyle by Charles Biro. Each issue contained at least one one-page text story of either Steel Sterling or Black Hood, and sometimes both, to satisfy U.S. Postal Service requirements for magazine rates; all comic books did this through the early 1960s. The Sergeant Boyle stories in the first two issues also featured Corporal Collins, who had his own series, "Corporal Collins, Infantryman", in Blue Ribbon Comics at the same time. The series was edited by Harry Shorten.

Beginning with issue #4 (Winter 1941/2) Jackpot also featured Archie and his gang, written and drawn by Bob Montana. Archie's stories in Jackpot Comics are notable for featuring the first appearance of his friend Reggie Mantle; originally named 'Scotty' in #5 (Spring 1942), and then Reggie in #6 (Summer 1942). From issue #5, the Steel Sterling supporting characters Clancey and Looney had their own humor strip for two issues, while later issues featured other humor strips: "Senor Siesta" by Don Dean in issue #7 (Autumn 1942), "Cubby the Bear" in #8 and "It Shouldn't Happen to a Dog" in #8–9, all by Joe Edwards, and "Porkchops" in #9.

With issue #10 (Summer 1943), Jackpot Comics changed its title to Jolly Jingles and also changed focus: Instead of being a "best of" anthology of the company's characters, it was now an anthology of original talking animal characters.  Issue #10 introduced Super Duck, the company's longest-lasting talking animal character.  The series was canceled with #16 (Winter 1944–1945), and Super Duck was given his own title.

It has not been revived since. However, in August 2009 Michael Uslan announced that five one-off comics reviving the Archie-as-superhero 'Pureheart' concept would be released in 2010, one of those titles being Jackpot Comics.<ref>'Michael Uslan to script Pureheart the Powerful for Archie Comics' , Archie Publications website  August 3, 2009</ref>

 Footnotes

References
 Overstreet,Robert M., ed. Official Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide, 38th Edition (Gemstone Publishing, 2008)
 Thompson, Maggie, Brent Frankenhoff and Peter Bickford, eds. Comic Buyer's Guide Standard Catalog of Comic Books'' (Krause Publications, 2008)

External sources
 Covers to all nine issues of Jackpot Comics

Comics magazines published in the United States
Golden Age comics titles
Archie Comics titles
1941 comics debuts
1943 comics endings
Magazines established in 1941
Magazines disestablished in 1943
Defunct American comics
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
Magazines published in New York (state)
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Connecticut state marshals are sworn peace officers in the State of Connecticut.  Their primary duty is to serve and execute civil process directed to them from courts or various state and federal agencies. There are approximately 180 state marshals serving in Connecticut, appointed to specific counties within the state. Connecticut state marshal operations are overseen by the State Marshal Commission, an executive branch commission within the Department of Administrative Services, located in Hartford, Connecticut.

History
Prior to state marshals, Connecticut had sheriff's offices dating back to the 1600s. In 2000, following several corruption scandals involving sheriffs, Article IV, Section 25 of the 1965 Constitution of the State of Connecticut (which specified the election of county sheriffs), was repealed. The sheriffs were replaced with the state marshal system and judicial marshals.

Sheriffs in Connecticut had several powers and duties under Connecticut statutes: deputy sheriffs received and executed process, and special deputy sheriffs handled transportation of prisoners and courthouse security. In 2000, the General Assembly created the state marshal system with Public Act 00-99 to replace the sheriff's offices. With the abolition of sheriffs, the special deputy sheriffs and their direct judicial functions were absorbed into the judicial branch and became judicial marshals, and the deputy sheriffs became state marshals.

Oversight
The state marshal system consists of an eight-member State Marshal Commission, appointed for a three-year term, which sets training requirements and professional standards among other things; a 24-member advisory board – marshals elected by other marshals for one year – for communicating with the branches of government and discussing law changes and issues important to marshals; and approximately 180 state marshals, allocated by county. Two members of the State Marshal's Advisory Board also sit ex officio on the State Marshal Commission. The appointed members of State Marshal Commission include a chairperson appointed by the Governor of Connecticut, a judge of the superior court appointed by the Chief Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court, and members each appointed by the speaker of the House of Representatives, the president pro tempore of the Senate, the majority and minority leaders of the House of Representatives, and the majority and minority leaders of the state Senate. The state marshal system is a function of the executive branch of state government, although a current list of state marshals is also publicized by the Judicial branch on its website.

Services
Connecticut state marshals have a broad range of statutory authority, and perform a number of functions for courts and other state and federal agencies. Duties and services include, but are not limited to, serving court documents (including summons and complaint, restraining orders, subpoenas, and contempt citations), transferring minors in emergency ex parte custody matters, enforcing judgments (including bank executions, wage garnishments, and seizure of property), evictions, serving tax warrants, and arresting individuals on bench warrants and capias mittimus warrants.

Connecticut state marshals are not employed by the State of Connecticut. They are compensated on a fee-for-service basis for each process served and are required to run their operations as independent contractors. This arrangement for the compensation of process fees is a legacy from the deputy sheriffs, and has a long history in the legal system in Connecticut dating back through the 17th century. State marshal fees are set by Connecticut General Statutes. Self-represented parties who are financially indigent can petition Connecticut courts for a waiver of service of process fees, wherein the State of Connecticut would pay the state marshal on behalf of the self-represented party. According to state law, the State of Connecticut through the Judicial Branch also pays marshal's fees for service of restraining and civil protection orders throughout the State of Connecticut.

Connecticut organizations that utilize the services of state marshals include the judicial system (Superior Court, Juvenile Court, Support Enforcement, Office of Victim Advocate, etc.); other agencies/quasi agencies of the State of Connecticut (Attorney General’s Office, Office of Consumer Protection, Department of Children and Families, Statewide Grievance Committee); municipalities (cities and towns), attorneys, and members of the general public intending to represent themselves in court. Connecticut state marshals also serve documents from other states as well as federal courts and agencies.

Operations
Unlike other law enforcement officers throughout the State of Connecticut, state marshals do not generally wear a standard uniform. State marshals often perform their duties in plain clothes and unmarked cars. They are issued numbered badges and a photo ID card from the State of Connecticut. State marshals are required to carry identification while in the performance of their duties and display it upon request.

State marshals usually serve civil process by either leaving the document with the recipient or where the recipient normally resides ("in-hand" vs. "abode"). Generally, State marshals make abode service by leaving the process in the door jamb or between a storm door and a main door, although state marshals frequently serve papers by sliding papers into residences through the door jamb, and also by rubber banding or taping the papers to residence doors. Service of process is often done during regular business hours, however marshals are not prohibited from serving documents very early in the morning or late evening hours, on weekends and holidays, or at individual's workplaces, or in other public or private spaces.

State marshals in the performance of execution or service of process functions, have the right of entry on private property and are not subject to trespassing and are not liable for property damage or injury. Connecticut state marshals can carry firearms, pepper spray, handcuffs, and batons while on duty. Training is conducted at the Connecticut Police Academy.

Warrant Unit
The Connecticut state marshals have a warrant unit made up of approximately 35 POSTC certified state marshals. Marshals in the capias unit are provided unmarked vehicles by the State of Connecticut, generally kept at local state police barracks. State marshals are empowered to arrest individuals statewide under the authority of a capias or capias mittimus warrant. Such warrants are civil arrest warrants issued by the court ordering an officer to take an individual into custody for violating a court order or for failing to appear in court after receiving a summons to appear, a subpoena, or a citation. Most commonly, capias warrants are issued by family support magistrates in the context of a child support matter where the individual who owes back child support has failed to appear for a hearing. In these matters the warrant is issued based on a failure to appear in court when summoned. State marshals also arrest individuals under capias warrants for failing to appear in court or for a deposition after receiving a subpoena.

See also

List of law enforcement agencies in Connecticut
 Marshal

References

State law enforcement agencies of Connecticut


Vincent Fecteau (born 1969) is a sculptor based in San Francisco. He graduated from Wesleyan University in 1992.

He is known for working with ordinary materials such as foamcore, seashells, string, rubber bands, paper clips, walnut shells, and popsicle sticks, and transforming them into beautifully precise handcrafted sculptures. Constructed of papier-mâché, Fecteau often works on several sculptures at a time, taking a year or longer to finish each work. He layers materials and textures, revealing a painstaking creative process that alters significantly the original spherical shapes.

Fecteau's art has been included in numerous exhibitions, including the 2002 and 2012 Whitney Biennials, the 2013 Carnegie International, and a 2008 solo exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago, Focus: Vincent Fecteau, New Work. In 2005, the Guggenheim Foundation announced Vincent Fecteau as recipient of their fellowship. A MacAuthur Foundation fellowship (commonly known as a "genius grant") followed in 2016. His work is held in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.

References

External links
Vincent Fecteau at Galerie Buchholz
Vincent Fecteau at the Matthew Marks Gallery
Vincent Fecteau in Conversation with Constance Lewallen (9/2009)

Wesleyan University alumni
1969 births
Living people
Artists from the San Francisco Bay Area
MacArthur Fellows


No More Orchids is a 1932 American pre-Code comedy-drama film starring Carole Lombard and Lyle Talbot as mismatched lovers, based on the novel of the same name by Grace Perkins.

Plot
The departure of an ocean liner is held up to wait for spoiled heiress Anne Holt (Carole Lombard). Tony Gage (Lyle Talbot) expresses his contempt of her inconsiderate behavior to a fellow passenger, who agrees with him, even though she is the woman's paternal grandmother, Gran Holt (Louise Closser Hale). During the voyage, Anne and Tony become acquainted and fall in love, but he refuses to marry her because she is already engaged to Prince Carlos (Jameson Thomas) and because of the enormous financial gulf between them. He is too poor to even afford to buy her orchids.

Anne's father Bill (Walter Connolly) finds out and invites the man to dinner. He likes Tony very much. Eventually, Anne breaks down Tony's resistance and they become engaged.

However, there is a formidable obstacle—her grandfather Jerome Cedric (C. Aubrey Smith). He had already been foiled once before in his ambition to have royalty in the family, when his daughter married Bill against his wishes. The richest man in America, Cedric had arranged the marriage to Carlos, going so far as to finance a revolution to restore the prince to his position. When he learns of the danger to his plans, he first threatens to disinherit his granddaughter; when that does not work, he informs Anne that Bill's bank is on the verge of bankruptcy and that he will not prop it up unless she marries his choice. Heartbroken, Anne gives in and breaks off her engagement to Tony without telling him the reason.

When Bill finds out, he lies to Anne, telling her that he has found alternate financing to save the bank. He arranges an impromptu wedding for Anne and Tony. Then, he flies off in his plane, supposedly on business, but in reality to commit suicide.

Cast
 Carole Lombard as Anne Holt
 Walter Connolly as Bill Holt
 Louise Closser Hale as Gran Holt
 Lyle Talbot as Tony Gage
 C. Aubrey Smith as Cedric
 Allen Vincent as Dick
 Ruthelma Stevens as Rita
 Arthur Housman as Serge
 William V. Mong as Burkehart
 Jameson Thomas as Prince Carlos
 Broderick O'Farrell as Benton

Production
This was the first time that Lombard worked with cinematographer Joseph H. August. According to Robert Osborne of Turner Classic Movies, she was so pleased with the results, she always asked for him from then on. They reteamed for the film that made her a major star, Twentieth Century.

References

External links

1932 films
American black-and-white films
Films based on American novels
Films directed by Walter Lang
Columbia Pictures films
American romantic comedy-drama films
1930s romantic comedy-drama films
1932 comedy films
1932 drama films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films


Oliver Morosco (June 20, 1875 – August 25, 1945) was an American theatrical producer, director, writer, film producer, and theater owner. He owned the Morosco Photoplay Company. He brought many of his theater actors to the screen. Frank A. Garbutt was in charge of the film business. The company was merged with Adolph Zukor's Famous Players–Lasky Corporation in 1916.

Biography
He was born Oliver Mitchell in Logan, Utah, to John Leslie Mitchell and Esmah Badure Montrose. The Mitchells divorced, and Esmah Mitchell took her two sons to California, eventually arriving in San Francisco. At the age of six, Oliver and his brother Leslie, three years his elder, were hired by Walter M. Morosco (1846–1901) to perform in his acrobatic troupe, the Royal Russian Circus, then a regular attraction at Woodward's Gardens, a popular San Francisco amusement park.

Walter M. Morosco made an arrangement with Esmah Montrose Mitchell to become the foster father of her sons, and to give them his name. He was a theatrical impresario as well as an acrobat, and owned and operated Morosco's Grand Opera House, one of San Francisco's leading theaters. When Oliver was a teenager, his foster father took over operation of another San Francisco venue, the Amphitheater, and of The Auditorium at San Jose, California, and made Oliver the manager of both houses.

In 1899, Oliver Morosco moved to Los Angeles to begin his independent career as a theatrical impresario. He took over the lease on the troubled Burbank Theatre and soon made it a success with a series of stock companies and shows featuring the popular actors of the day. Such stars as Wilton Lackaye, Richard Bennett, Edgar Selwyn, and Margaret Illington appeared at the Burbank Theatre. A number of original plays were first mounted at the Burbank and later performed in New York City. These included "The Rose of the Rancho" by Richard Walton Tully, and actor-playwright Edgar Selwyn's "The Country Boy" and "The Arab."

In 1908, Morosco became the lessee of the new Majestic Theatre on Broadway in Los Angeles, and in 1911 took over the former Los Angeles Theatre on Spring Street which had for several years been the Los Angeles home of the Orpheum Vaudeville Circuit, renaming it the Lyceum Theatre. He also entered into a partnership with the Belasco-Meyer interests of San Francisco to take over management of their theaters on the west coast, including the Belasco Theatre in Los Angeles, the Burbank's chief rival as a stock house. In 1913, he opened the Morosco Theatre on Broadway, the most luxurious theater yet built in Los Angeles.

Though Los Angeles remained his home, Morosco began producing plays in New York City in 1906 and mounted over 40 productions on Broadway including Peg o' My Heart and The Bird of Paradise both starring Laurette Taylor.  He contributed lyrics to a Victor Schertzinger song he had added to L. Frank Baum and Louis F. Gottschalk's musical, The Tik-Tok Man of Oz, which he produced in 1913.  Through this show he discovered Charlotte Greenwood and made her a star. In 1917, he opened the Morosco Theatre in New York.

In 1919–1920, he produced the Edward Everett Rose-scripted satirical melodrama, The Master Thief, starring Francis X. Bushman and Beverly Bayne. In 1922 he produced Thompson Buchanan's The Sporting Thing To Do at the Philharmonic Auditorium in Los Angeles, and then took the play to Broadway in 1923.

In 1926 the once successful Morosco filed for bankruptcy, his fortune lost in part due to a large speculative purchase of land in California where he planned to create a development called "Morosco Town".

At the age of 69, Morosco was struck and killed by a streetcar in Hollywood. He had been married four times and was the father of Walter Morosco the film producer.

Filmography

Pasquale (1916)
The House of Lies (1916)
Her Father's Son (1916)
Redeeming Love (1916)
The Happiness of Three Women (1917)
Out of the Wreck (1917)
The World Apart (1917)
Big Timber (1917)
The Varmint (1917)
Jack and Jill (1917)
Tom Sawyer (1917)
 The Half Breed (1922)

See also
Morosco Theatre - now demolished.

Further reading
Life of Oliver Morosco; The Oracle of Broadway, Written from His Own Notes and Comments. Morosco, Oliver, Helen McRuer Morosco, and Leonard Paul Dugger. Caldwell, Id: Caxton Printers, 1944.

References

"Oliver Morosco: A Bit of History". The Grizzly Bear, May, 1907
"Combining the Stock Companies". Randolph Bartlett, Out West, July, 1911
Press Reference Library, Southwest Edition, 1912, p. 216.
"Oliver Morosco Accused by Wife". The New York Times, May 9, 1920
"Oliver Morosco Weds Miss Selma Paley". The New York Times, April 2, 1922
"Morosco Bankrupt, His Debts $1,033,404". The New York Times, February 19, 1926
"Mrs. Oliver Morosco Sues". The New York Times, September 15, 1928
"Divorces Oliver Morosco". The New York Times, October 11, 1928.
"Morosco Gets License to Wed". The New York Times, November 17, 1929
"Wife Sues Oliver Morosco". The New York Times, August 7, 1934
"Divorces Oliver Morosco; Wife Says Producer Had Too Many Facets to His Nature". The New York Times, September 6, 1934
"Heyday on Broadway." The New York Times September 17, 1944.
"Morosco Killed Under Street Car". The New York Times, August 26, 1945.
"Top Slander" Time Magazine, September 3, 1945

External links

Morosco Biography at Los Angeles Theatres.com
Findagrave.com

1875 births
1945 deaths
American theatre managers and producers
American theatre directors
Impresarios


AS Douanes (fr:Association Sportive des Douanes de Niamey – en:Niamey Customs enforcement Sports Association) is  a Nigerien football club based in Niamey and sponsored by the government taxation police. Prior to the 2005–6 season they played in the city of Tillabéry, and have competed in the top national league since the 2004 season, when they were promoted from the regional division 2. AS Douanes has won Nigerien league once but have never won cup championship.

2008 season
AS Douanes finished in third place in Group A of the first round of the 2008 Niger Premier League. They failed to qualify for the championship round, but easily avoided the elimination playoff, meaning they will return for the 2009 season.

Achievements
Niger Premier League: 2
2013, 2015.

Niger Cup: 2
2016, 2022.

Niger Super Cup: 2
2013, 2015.

Performance in CAF competitions
CAF Champions League: 1 appearance
2014 – Preliminary round

CAF Confederation Cup: 0 appearances

References

External links
 Rec Sports Soccer Foundation: Niger 2008: Championnat national de première division.

Football clubs in Niger
Super Ligue (Niger) clubs
Sport in Niamey


High-level synthesis (HLS), sometimes referred to as C synthesis, electronic system-level (ESL) synthesis, algorithmic synthesis, or behavioral synthesis, is an automated design process that takes an abstract behavioral specification of a digital system and finds a register-transfer level structure that realizes the given behavior.

Synthesis begins with a high-level specification of the problem, where behavior is generally decoupled from low-level circuit mechanics such as clock-level timing. Early HLS explored a variety of input specification languages, although recent research and commercial applications generally accept synthesizable subsets of ANSI C/C++/SystemC/MATLAB. The code is analyzed, architecturally constrained, and scheduled to transcompile from a transaction-level model (TLM) into a register-transfer level (RTL) design in a hardware description language (HDL), which is in turn commonly synthesized to the gate level by the use of a logic synthesis tool.

The goal of HLS is to let hardware designers efficiently build and verify hardware, by giving them better control over optimization of their design architecture, and through the nature of allowing the designer to describe the design at a higher level of abstraction while the tool does the RTL implementation. Verification of the RTL is an important part of the process.

Hardware can be designed at varying levels of abstraction. The commonly used levels of abstraction are gate level, register-transfer level (RTL), and algorithmic level.

While logic synthesis uses an RTL description of the design, high-level synthesis works at a higher level of abstraction, starting with an algorithmic description in a high-level language such as SystemC and ANSI C/C++. The designer typically develops the module functionality and the interconnect protocol. The high-level synthesis tools handle the micro-architecture and transform untimed or partially timed functional code into fully timed RTL implementations, automatically creating cycle-by-cycle detail for hardware implementation. The (RTL) implementations are then used directly in a conventional logic synthesis flow to create a gate-level implementation.

History
Early academic work extracted scheduling, allocation, and binding as the basic steps for high-level-synthesis. Scheduling partitions the algorithm in control steps that are used to define the states in the finite-state machine. Each control step contains one small section of the algorithm that can be performed in a single clock cycle in the hardware. Allocation and binding maps the instructions and variables to the hardware components, multiplexers, registers and wires of the data path.

First generation behavioral synthesis was introduced by Synopsys in 1994 as Behavioral Compiler and used Verilog or VHDL as input languages. The abstraction level used was partially timed (clocked) processes. Tools based on behavioral Verilog or VHDL were not widely adopted in part because neither languages nor the partially timed abstraction were well suited to modeling behavior at a high level. 10 years later, in early 2004, Synopsys end-of-lifed Behavioral Compiler.

In 1998, Forte Design Systems introduced its Cynthesizer tool which used SystemC as an entry language instead of Verilog or VHDL.  Cynthesizer was adopted by many Japanese companies in 2000 as Japan had a very mature SystemC user community.  The first high-level synthesis tapeout was achieved in 2001 by Sony using Cynthesizer. Adoption in the United States started in earnest in 2008.

In 2006, the "SDC modulo scheduling" technique for optimal scheduling of pipelines was developed.
This technique reduces the task of optimally scheduling operations into different pipeline stages while minimizing registers, which is naively an integer linear programming problem, to a linear programming problem, by making use of the fact that the constraint matrix is totally unimodular. For high level synthesis of ASIC designs this algorithm works well, but for FPGA use there are typically complex resource constraints that must be implemented using a brute force search on top of the SDC scheduling algorithm.

Source input
The most common source inputs for high-level synthesis are based on standard languages such as ANSI C/C++, SystemC and MATLAB.

High-level synthesis typically also includes a bit-accurate executable specification as input, since to derive an efficient hardware implementation, additional information is needed on what is an acceptable Mean-Square Error or Bit-Error Rate etc. For example, if the designer starts with an FIR filter written using the "double" floating type, before he can derive an efficient hardware implementation, they need to perform numerical refinement to arrive at a fixed-point implementation. The refinement requires additional information on the level of quantization noise that can be tolerated, the valid input ranges etc. This bit-accurate specification makes the high level synthesis source specification functionally complete.
Normally the tools infer from the high level code a Finite State Machine and a Datapath that implement arithmetic operations.

Process stages
The high-level synthesis process consists of a number of activities. Various high-level synthesis tools perform these activities in different orders using different algorithms. Some high-level synthesis tools combine some of these activities or perform them iteratively to converge on the desired solution.
 Lexical processing
 Algorithm optimization
 Control/Dataflow analysis
 Library processing
 Resource allocation
 Scheduling
 Functional unit binding
 Register binding
 Output processing
 Input Rebundling

Functionality
In general, an algorithm can be performed over many clock cycles with few hardware resources, or over fewer clock cycles using a larger number of ALUs, registers and memories.  Correspondingly, from one algorithmic description, a variety of hardware microarchitectures can be generated by an HLS compiler according to the directives given to the tool.  This is the same trade off of execution speed for hardware complexity as seen when a given program is run on conventional processors of differing performance, yet all running at roughly the same clock frequency.

Architectural constraints
Synthesis constraints for the architecture can automatically be applied based on the design analysis. These constraints can be broken into
 Hierarchy
 Interface
 Memory
 Loop
 Low-level timing constraints
 Iteration

Interface synthesis
Interface Synthesis refers to the ability to accept pure C/C++ description as its input, then use automated interface synthesis technology to control the timing and communications protocol on the design interface. This enables interface analysis and exploration of a full range of hardware interface options such as streaming, single- or dual-port RAM plus various handshaking mechanisms. With interface synthesis the designer does not embed interface protocols in the source description. Examples might be: direct connection, one line, 2 line handshake, FIFO.

Vendors
Data reported on recent Survey

 Dynamatic from EPFL/ETH Zurich
 MATLAB HDL Coder  from Mathworks
 HLS-QSP from CircuitSutra Technologies
 C-to-Silicon from Cadence Design Systems
 Concurrent Acceleration from Concurrent EDA
 Symphony C Compiler from Synopsys
 QuickPlay from PLDA
 PowerOpt from ChipVision
 Cynthesizer from Forte Design Systems (now Stratus HLS from Cadence Design Systems)
 Catapult C from Calypto Design Systems, part of Mentor Graphics as of 2015, September 16
 PipelineC
 CyberWorkBench from NEC
 Mega Hardware
 C2R from CebaTech
 CoDeveloper from Impulse Accelerated Technologies
 HercuLeS by Nikolaos Kavvadias
 PICO from Synfora, acquired by Synopsys in June 2010 (PICO = Program In/Code Out)
 xPilot from University of California, Los Angeles
 Vsyn from vsyn.ru
 ngDesign from SynFlow

See also
C to HDL
Electronic design automation (EDA)
Electronic system-level (ESL)
Logic synthesis
High-level verification (HLV)
SystemVerilog
Hardware acceleration

References

Further reading

  covers the use of C/C++, SystemC, TML and even UML

External links

 Vivado HLS course on Youtube
 Deepchip Discussion Forum

Electronic design automation
Hardware acceleration


The 1998 Libyan Super Cup was a football match that took place on Tuesday, November 24, 1998, between LPL winners Al Mahallah and Libyan Al Fatah Cup winners Al Shat. This was the second edition of the competition, and as this was an all-Tripoli final, the match was played at the 11 June Stadium. Al Mahallah won the match 3–1, and claimed the second Super Cup title.

Match details

Libyan Super Cup
Super Cup


Lynn William Enquist is professor emeritus in molecular biology at Princeton University, as well as founding editor of the journal Annual Review of Virology. His research focuses on neuroinvasive alpha-herpesviruses.

Education
In 1963, Enquist graduated from Milbank High School in Milbank, South Dakota. He received a Bachelor of Science in bacteriology from South Dakota State University in 1967. He received his Ph.D. in microbiology from the Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University in 1971 working with S. Gaylen Bradley to study streptomyces biology.  He did postdoctoral training at the Roche Institute of Molecular Biology from 1971 to 1973 studying bacteriophage lambda replication and recombination with Ann Skalka.

Career
He served in the Public Health Service from 1973 to 1981. He was a senior staff fellow at the National Institutes of Health in the laboratory of Dr. Philip Leder working with Robert Weisberg from 1974 to 1977 studying bacteriophage lambda site-specific recombination and development of recombinant DNA technology.  In 1977, he moved to the National Cancer Institute where he continued the development of recombinant DNA technology and also began his work on neurotropic herpes viruses, researching under Dr. George Vande Woude.  In 1981 he left the National Cancer Institute to become research director at Molecular Genetics Incorporated in Minnetonka, Minnesota, where he worked on recombinant DNA based viral vaccines.  In 1984, he joined DuPont as a research leader, where he ran a laboratory studying neurotropic viruses.  In 1990, he joined DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, where he was a senior research fellow working on developing neurotropic viruses as tools for gene therapy and studying the mammalian nervous system. In 1993, he accepted the position of tenured full professor of molecular biology at Princeton University.  His research interests are in the field of neurovirology, specifically on the mechanisms of herpesvirus spread and pathogenesis in the mammalian nervous system. He teaches an undergraduate course in virology and won the President's award for teaching excellence in 2001.

Research
Enquist's laboratory focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms by which neuroinvasive alpha-herpesviruses spread in the mammalian nervous system. His work employs imaging technology, cell biology, and viral genetics to reveal how virion components move inside and between neurons. Experiments are divided between two general areas to visualize how infection spreads from one neuron to another in vitro (dissociated neurons) and in vivo (living animals and tissues). His students have developed compartmented neuronal cultures to establish separate fluid environments for neuronal axons and the soma from which they emanate. These compartmented neuronal cultures are used for in vitro study of directional infection of neurons by alpha herpesviruses. Students also have constructed a variety of herpesvirus mutants that define mechanisms of neuronal spread and provide useful tools for tracing neuronal circuitry in living animals and uncovering mechanisms of alpha-herpesvirus pathogenesis. Enquist has published 324 publications indexed in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and is an inventor on at least four U.S. patents.

Memberships

Enquist is the founding editor of the Annual Review of Virology. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology (elected 1994) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (elected 1998). He was also elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2010. He is a past president of both the American Society for Virology (2004–2005), and the American Society for Microbiology (2015). He was a member of the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity from 2005 to 2007.

He continues to hold leadership and advisory roles in the American Society for Microbiology, including current service on the Council of Past Presidents and the Academy Governors.

Awards
Enquist won the Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in 2017.

External links
 Lynn W. Enquist at Princeton University
 Enquist Lab

Notes

References

Princeton University faculty
American molecular biologists
Living people
American virologists
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Presidents of learned societies
Year of birth missing (living people)
Journal of Virology editors
Annual Reviews (publisher) editors


Finn Alnæs (20 January 1932 – 3 November 1991) was a Norwegian novelist. He was born in Bærum. He made his literary debut with the novel Koloss (1963).

Alnæs was awarded the Norwegian Booksellers' Prize and the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature in 1968 for the novel Gemini. Both his books Koloss and Gemini were nominated for the Nordic Council's Literature Prize, but did not win the prize.

Awards
 Norwegian Booksellers' Prize 1968
Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature 1968

References

1932 births
1991 deaths
Writers from Bærum
People educated at the Haagaas School
20th-century Norwegian novelists