Richard Häussler (26 October 1908 – 28 September 1964) was a German actor and film director. He appeared in more than 60 films between 1936 and 1964. He also directed seven films between 1951 and 1957. He was born in Munich, Bavaria, German Empire and died in Grünwald, West Germany.

Selected filmography

 The Unsuspecting Angel (1936)
 Die große und die kleine Welt (1936)
 Spiel auf der Tenne (1937) - Martin Jöchler
 Der Schimmelkrieg in der Holledau (1939)
 Sensationsprozess Casilla (1939) - Adams, öffentlicher Ankläger
 Maria Ilona (1939) - Ludwig Kossuth
 Verdacht auf Ursula (1939) - Bankangestellter Kißling
 The Fox of Glenarvon (1940) - Major McKenney
 The Girl at the Reception (1940) - Dr. Groner
 Was wird hier gespielt? (1940)
 Im Schatten des Berges (1940) - Aloys Zumtobel
 The Comedians (1941) - Armin von Perckhammer
 Her Other Self (1941) - Ingenieur Partzke
 Geheimakte W.B.1 (1942) - Großfürst Konstantin
 Violanta (1942) - Marianus Renner
 Fünftausend Mark Belohnung (1942) - Krasselt
 Liebe, Leidenschaft und Leid (1943) - Paul
 Heaven, We Inherit a Castle (1943)
 The Second Shot (1943) - Georg von Romberg
 The Bath in the Barn (1943) - Sartorius - Kaufherr aus Wien
 The Black Robe (1944) - Uwe Boddin, Maler
 Schicksal am Strom (1944) - Heinrich Stahlschmidt, Kapitän der 'Wallenstein'
 Dir zuliebe (1944) - Lorenz von Niel
 Eines Tages (1945)
 Rätsel der Nacht (1945)
 Wozzeck (1947) - Tambour-Major
 Beate (1948) - Felix Wendlandt
 The Lost Face (1948) - Robert Lorm
 Girls Behind Bars (1949) - Breuhaus
 The Prisoner (1949) - Pierre
 Madonna in Chains (1949) - Professor Wienholt
 Das Geheimnis des Hohen Falken (1950) - Zeska, Bildhauer
 The Rabanser Case (1950) - Polizeikommissar Schelling
 One Night's Intoxication (1951) - Axel Peterson
 Begierde (1951) - Robert von Raviguy
 Die Alm an der Grenze (1951) - Sepp
 Christoph (1951)
 The Cloister of Martins (1951)
 Die schöne Tölzerin (1952) - Oberst Trenck
 They Call It Love (1953) - Erich Conti
 Arena of Death (1953) - Diego Moreno
 The Village Under the Sky (1953)
 Your Heart Is My Homeland (1953)
 The Red Prince (1954) - Dr. Orbis
 Das Fräulein von Scuderi (1955) - Miossens
 When the Alpine Roses Bloom (1955) - Philipp Klockenhoff
 Der Adler vom Velsatal (1957)
 Precocious Youth (1957) - Herr Rau
 The Csardas King (1958) - Graf Riedern
 U 47 – Kapitänleutnant Prien (1958) - German U-Boat Fleet Commander
 Es war die erste Liebe (1958) - Prof. Hans Lauterbach
 Aus dem Tagebuch eines Frauenarztes (1959) - Rudi Baum
 Zurück aus dem Weltall (1959) - Prof. Robert
 The Strange Countess (1961) - Chesney Praye
 The Strangler of Blackmoor Castle (1963) - Dr. Tromby
 The Indian Scarf (1963) - Dr. Amersham
 Room 13 (1964) - Joe Legge
 If You Go Swimming in Tenerife (1964) - Erik Varnhagen
 Five Thousand Dollars on One Ace (1965) - Dundee

References

External links

1908 births
1964 deaths
German male film actors
Film directors from Munich
20th-century German male actors


The Effects of 333 is the fifth studio album by Black Rebel Motorcycle Club. It was released on November 1, 2008 through the band's own Abstract Dragon imprint. The album is completely instrumental and was made available as a download through their official music store at 3:33 AM PT. It was first announced on October 27, 2008 via a MySpace bulletin, stating that the band would release their newest album independent of any record company. The cover art was drawn by Guitarist Peter Hayes.

Track listing

References

2008 albums
Black Rebel Motorcycle Club albums
Instrumental albums


Vene may refer to:

Pterocarpus erinaceus, tree native to West Africa commonly known as vène
Siim-Sander Vene (born 1990), Estonian basketball player for Hapoel Jerusalem of the Israeli Basketball Premier League
 Vene, Finnish boating magazine
Vene means "Russian" in Estonian

See also
Veneküla, name of several villages (küla) in Estonia


Motuoroi Island is a small island off the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is located close to the small settlement of Anaura, halfway between Tolaga Bay and Tokomaru Bay.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "island of Roi" for Motuoroi.

See also

 List of islands of New Zealand
 List of islands
 Desert island

References

Uninhabited islands of New Zealand
Landforms of the Gisborne District


Howland Island and Baker Island are two uninhabited U.S. atolls in the Equatorial Pacific that are located close to one another. Both islands are wildlife refuges, the larger of which is Howland Island. They are both part of the larger political territory of the United States Minor Outlying Islands and they are also both part of the larger geographic grouping of the Phoenix Islands. Each is a National Wildlife Refuge managed by a division of Interior, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. On January 6, 2009, U.S. President George W. Bush included both islands to the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument.

The Howland-Baker exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is a 400 nautical-mile diameter area protected by the U.S. Coast Guard.  The Howland-Baker EEZ has 425,700 km2; by comparison, California has 423,970 km2.

Howland Island was the area that Amelia Earhart was trying to reach in 1937 when she disappeared. The islands are the only land masses in the world associated with UTC−12:00, which is the last area on Earth for deadlines with a date to pass.

EEZ History
The 1976 Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act provided for the U.S. EEZs, which were further established by the Presidential Proclamation of 1983.  The Treaty of Tarawa, signed in September 1979, came into force in September 1983, and created the international boundary of the EEZ between Baker Island and McKean Island.  Article 4 specifically states, "The two Governments recognize the interest of their peoples in close cooperation for their mutual benefit in economic development relating to fisheries off their coasts."  Since 2008, the Kiribati side of this boundary has been a marine protected area, the Phoenix Islands Protected Area.

Land area and territorial claim
The islands combined are  of uninhabited land. Howland and Baker are separated by .  Were Howland and Baker separate EEZs, the 200 nautical mile EEZ radius for either of the two islands would overlap with 80% of the EEZ for the other island.  As a combined area, this EEZ is 4% of the total U.S. coastline (425,000 km2 out of 11,300,000 km2), larger than that of South Korea or Cuba.

The Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument extends out  from each island.

As per the 2009 presidential proclamation, the National Wildlife Refuge extends out  from each island.

Geologic setting
Howland and Baker islands are volcanoes approximately 120-75 million years old, on top of which coral has formed platforms.  In the EEZ there are ten moderate-sized seamounts from the Cretaceous Period.  Most of the seabed is more than  in depth, covered with abyssal sediment.

Economic potential
The only immediate mining potential is on and immediately offshore of the islands themselves (phosphates, sand, gravel, and coral) which would conflict with their protected status per the study. Iron deposits on a few seamounts are also mentioned as an intermediate possibility but no energy resources are identified.  The islands have phosphorite and guano resources. However, all commercial extraction activities, including fishing and deep-sea mining, are prohibited in the wildlife refuges and submerged lands and waters of the monument.

Boundary with Kiribati
The islands are considered to be a part of the Phoenix Islands, the rest of which are in Kiribati.  The Winslow Reef borders the Howland-Baker EEZ, but is in Kiribati.  The PacIOOS mentions that Winslow Reef is "on the southeast boundary line of the EEZ".  The EEZ boundary lies halfway between Baker Island and McKean Island.

Kiribati, as traced by the 1995 realignment of the International Date Line, arcs around Howland and Baker Islands as well as the US Possession Jarvis Island, from the west to the south and to the east. For example while the Winslow Reef in Kiribati is to the southeast of Howland and Baker Islands, the capital of Kiribati is on the Tarawa archipelago, and lies  to the west of Howland.

After the Pacific Leaders Forum met in August 2009, Kiribati invited the U.S. to add Howland and Baker to its Phoenix Islands Protected Area to create its Phoenix Ocean Arc concept. In November 2014,  U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell joined Republic of Kiribati President Anote Tong to sign a Cooperative Arrangement to coordinate and jointly support research and conservation activities for nearly 490,000 square nautical miles in the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument (Monument) in the United States and the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA) in Kiribati.

Boundary enforcement
In 2005, the U.S. Coast Guard seized a $3,000,000 purse seiner two miles from the Howland-Baker EEZ border with Kiribati, and a year later the case went to the federal District Court of Guam. The jurisdiction in Guam is provided by the 1976 Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act.

At the corner of the world
Based on nautical time, the Howland and Baker islands are the last part of the U.S. to bring in the New Year, being the only territory of the U.S. in UTC−12.  They are 24 hours behind the Wake Island Time Zone.

The area is also in the equatorial band above which satellites can remain in geosynchronous Earth orbit, and NSS-9 is above.  In 1964, Syncom 3 was positioned on the International Date Line at the equator, a point  from Howland, and  into space.  Syncom 3 was the first geostationary satellite, and was used to convey live TV coverage of the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics.

PTWC warning point
The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center issues tsunami warnings for "Howland-Baker", with the name of the "Warning Point" as "HOWLAND_IS.".

Under a Jarvis Moon

The colonization of Jarvis, Howland, and Baker islands by a few Hawaiians and military personnel in 1935 was followed a year later by the claim of possession by Franklin D. Roosevelt in May 1936. Canton Island and Enderbury Island, now a part of Kiribati, were colonized in March 1938.

An 88-minute documentary, Under a Jarvis Moon (2010) captures the story of the 130 Americans who colonized these islands between March 1935 and February 1942.  The settlers lived on the islands for 3- to 4-month shifts.  This colonization was kept secret until Franklin Roosevelt claimed these islands as the territory of the United States in May 1936.  It was these settlers who prepared the airstrip for Amelia Earhart.

The colonization came to an end on December 8, 1941, the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor.  Howland and Baker were bombed, and two of the four colonists on Howland died.  Although Wake Island was also bombed on December 8, Wake is west of the International Date Line, and the attack on Wake occurred only a few hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor.  The last of the colonists on Jarvis, Howland, Baker, and Enderbury islands were removed in February 1942.

See also
Canton and Enderbury Islands, between 1939 and 1979, administration was jointly exercised by the U.S. and the United Kingdom
Line Islands
Office of Insular Affairs
.um, short-lived TLD for the United States Minor Outlying Islands

Other combined EEZ
Bassas/Europa
Hawaii/Midway
Kingman/Palmyra

References

Further reading
 PacIOOS, Maps of Howland Island, Baker Island, the Howland-Baker EEZ, and the location in the Pacific Ocean
 Figure 1. The Phoenix Islands, Kiribati, Central Pacific has a map of the Howland-Baker EEZ and shows it in relationship to the adjacent Kiribati EEZ.

 Geographica: World Atlas and Encyclopedia; by H.F. Ullmann

Pacific Ocean atolls of the United States
United States Minor Outlying Islands
Phoenix Islands
Exclusive economic zones
Former populated places in Oceania
Pacific islands claimed under the Guano Islands Act
Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument
Protected areas established in 1974
Uninhabited Pacific islands of the United States
National Wildlife Refuges in the United States insular areas


"Greatness Achieved" is the 66th episode of the American television series Prison Break and was broadcast on November 3, 2008 in the United States on the Fox Network. In this episode Michael, Lincoln, Sucre and Bellick tunnel into the Company's headquarters. Gretchen meets with The General. Michael's condition continues to deteriorate. The police question T-Bag regarding Andrew's disappearance. Wyatt propositions Sara while Mahone awaits his shot at his son's killer.

Plot

At the warehouse
At the warehouse, Agent Self, Mahone, and Sara are deciding what to do with Wyatt.  Self figures out a way to record Wyatt's voice onto a recorder and edit it to send a message to General Krantz that Lincoln and Michael are dead.  The General believes the message, when Gretchen breaks into his office at this time and puts a gun on him.  The General says that he wants Gretchen to work for him once again and that everything that happened was all part of his plan.  Gretchen apparently complies, and hears about Scylla being moved.  After the message from Wyatt goes out to the General, Self and Sara leave the warehouse so that Mahone can be alone with Wyatt.  Mahone begins to torture him in revenge for the death of his son.  Threatening further torture, Mahone forces Wyatt to call Pam and apologize for killing their son, realizing Wyatt now has an epiphany for the misdeed he's done.  Mahone then takes Wyatt out to the harbour with a cinder block tied to his arms. Wyatt says, "You and I are the same Alex...I've done things-" but Mahone ignores him and pushes him into the water mid-sentence.

At GATE
Back at GATE Corporation, T-Bag's boss returns from his trip and discovers that T-Bag's co-worker Andrew is missing.  He calls the police and a detective comes and asks T-Bag questions about Andrew and his relationship with him.  After running out of options, T-Bag pulls his own falsified records and presents them to his boss as Andrew's, stating that Andrew's sales records are falsified and that it could cause a lot of trouble for the company if investigated.  This makes his boss call off the investigation and T-Bag's involvement in Andrew's murder is covered up.

Beneath GATE
Michael, Lincoln, Sucre, and Bellick follow the blueprints from the bird book underneath GATE Corporation that leads them to a main water conduit.  After failing to dig underneath the pipe, they decide to tunnel through it and into the Company headquarters.  While Lincoln and Bellick are sabotaging the water main, Michael begins having severe health problems and Sucre is forced to cut into the water main on his own.  Lincoln and Bellick return to place a pipe through the tunnel just before the water is turned back on.  However, the pipe slips, and Bellick, knowing what the end result will be, decides to jump into the conduit.  With Bellick hoisting the pipe from the inside of the water main, the pipe is successfully installed, but thus Bellick traps himself inside and subsequently sacrifices himself, so the team can continue.

Reception
IGN gave the episode 8.8/10 saying that "Featuring several dramatic highs and two major character deaths, this episode continues the Prison Break tradition of not shying away from killing off major characters". As a result, the episode also received the IGN Editors Choice Award.

References

External links

Prison Break episodes
2008 American television episodes


Melford is a historic plantation house located on the grounds of the Maryland Science and Technology Center, near the intersection of U.S. Route 301 and U.S. Route 50, at Bowie, Prince George's County, Maryland.  The house is multi-part, gable-roofed, brick and stone dwelling house constructed probably in the mid-late 1840s, with elements of the Greek Revival style.

History
The land that made up the Melford plantation was part of a tract, originally called Howerton's Range which was a 400-acre parcel that John Howerton obtained in 1670. It is part of Prince George's County and had historically been inhabited by the Piscataway people, an Algonquin language speaking tribe, as well as the Patuxent people and other Native American groups.

Melford was built by Dr. Richard Duckett in 1810, replacing a previous structure. Dr. Richard Duckett was the brother of Allen Bowie Duckett, and the son of Thomas Duckett, who in 1796 was judge of the Prince George's County Court, and one of the principal slaveholders in the area.

Melford was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Grounds
The grounds include three outbuildings: a three-bay gable-roofed slave quarter probably dating from the 18th century; a pyramidal-roofed meat house also dating from the late 18th century; and a 20th-century pyramidal-roofed pump house. The landscape consists of terraced gardens, falling away from the house on three levels. Melford was home for 140 years to two prominent local families, the Ducketts and the Hardestys.

References

External links
, including photo in 1974, at Maryland Historical Trust website
Melford, Crain Highway (U.S. Route 301), Mitchellville, Prince George's County, MD: 25 photos and 13 data pages, at Historic American Buildings Survey
Melford, Slave House, Mitchellville, Prince George's County, MD: 1 photo and 1 data page, at Historic American Buildings Survey
Melford, Smokehouse, Mitchellville, Prince George's County, MD: 1 photo and 1 data page, at Historic American Buildings Survey

Historic American Buildings Survey in Maryland
Houses in Prince George's County, Maryland
Buildings and structures in Bowie, Maryland
Greek Revival houses in Maryland
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Plantation houses in Maryland
National Register of Historic Places in Prince George's County, Maryland
Plantations in Maryland


Bramford railway station refers to the two stations located in Bramford, Suffolk.

History
The first station at Bramford was opened by the Ipswich and Bury Railway on 24 December 1846. It was an all timber affair designed by Frederick Barnes  and was situated on an embankment to the north of the Bramford to Ipswich Road. On the down side (from London Liverpool Street) the platform was reached by some steep wooden steps whilst on the up side a slope was the means of access to the platform.

The station was badly damaged by gales in February 1860 with part of the building demolished and strewn across the tracks.

Such were the changes in the railway industry that in 1847 the Ipswich and Bury Railway became part of the Eastern Union Railway which itself became part of the Eastern Counties Railway in 1854. The Great Eastern Railway took over operation of the station in 1862.

At 3:00 p.m. on 1 August 1911 the down platform caught fire and despite the efforts of local railway staff and villagers by 5:30 there was little left of the down side platform. A number of cottages located at the bottom of the embankment were also damaged (the site of a car show room in 2012).

The signal box - a little further to the north - was undamaged as was the goods shed located opposite.

The second Bramford station opened and was located on the other side of the road underbridge. Its construction was approved by the Great Eastern Railway works committee in 1912 and opened in 1913. The station was a substantial brick affair with the station building on the up side and a small shelter on the down side. A new signal box was also provided at this time.

However, in 1919 the goods shed also burnt down (probably due to sparks or ash from a passing train).

The Bradshaws Railway guide for July 1922 shows down services for Bury St Edmunds and Norwich (generally calling all stations) calling at Bramford. Up services generally terminated at Ipswich.

In 1923 the Great Eastern Railway amalgamated with other railway companies to form the London and North Eastern Railway. Two years later the signal box (1912) was abolished being replaced by a new signal box located at Sproughton Sidings some 46 chains closer to Ipswich.

On nationalisation in 1948 the station and its services became part of the Eastern Region of British Railways.

The station was closed with the last train calling on 2 May 1955.

In 1950s the goods yard - in reality a loop off the main line - was handling very little traffic and it lasted until the 1960s. The station was demolished in 1965 and the only remains today are the old track up to the up platform of the original station.

Fisons Ltd siding
A large rail connected chemical works was situated one mile north of Bramford railway station. Opened by Packard and Co in 1851 and situated between the railway and the B1067 (although one siding crossed that road and served a sand quarry). Rail traffic ceased c 1968 with the rails lifted soon after although some inset track remained in the yard in 2013. A narrow gauge railway was situated in the quarry until 1948.

This location also had a signal box called "Lime Works" which closed on 26 June 1968 presumably when, or soon after, rail traffic to the sidings ceased.

References

Notes

External links
 Bramford station on navigable 1946 O. S. map

Disused railway stations in Suffolk
Former Great Eastern Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1846
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1955
1846 establishments in England


Milkha Singh (20 November 1929  18 June 2021), also known as "The Flying Sikh", was an Indian track and field sprinter who was introduced to the sport while serving in the Indian Army. He is the only athlete to win gold at 400 metres at the Asian Games as well as the Commonwealth Games. He also won gold medals in the 1958 and 1962 Asian Games. He represented India in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome and the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. He was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian honour, in recognition of his sporting achievements.

The race for which Singh was best remembered is his fourth-place finish in the 400 metres final at the 1960 Olympic Games, which he had entered as one of the favourites. He led the race till the 200m mark before easing off, allowing others to pass him. Various records were broken in the race, which required a photo-finish and saw American Otis Davis being declared the winner by one-hundredth of a second over German Carl Kaufmann. Singh's fourth-place time of 45.73 seconds was the Indian national record for almost 40 years.

From beginnings that saw him orphaned and displaced during the Partition of India, Singh has become a sporting icon in his country. In 2008, journalist Rohit Brijnath described Singh as "the finest athlete India has ever produced".

Singh died from complications of COVID-19 on 18 June 2021, at the age of 91, five days after his wife, Nirmal Saini.

Early life
Milkha Singh was born on 20 November 1929, into a  Sikh Rajput family. His birthplace was Govindpura, a village  from Muzaffargarh city in Punjab Province, British India (now Muzaffargarh District, Pakistan). He was one of 15 siblings, eight of whom died before the Partition of India. He was orphaned during the Partition when his parents, a brother and two sisters were killed in the violence that ensued between the villagers and Muslims who tried to convert them. He witnessed these killings.

Escaping the troubles in Punjab, where killings of Hindus and Sikhs were continuing, by moving to Delhi, India, in 1947, Singh lived for a short time with the family of his married sister and was briefly imprisoned at Tihar jail for travelling on a train without a ticket. His sister, Ishvar, sold some jewellery to obtain his release. He spent some time at a refugee camp in Purana Qila and at a resettlement colony in Shahdara, both in Delhi.

Singh became disenchanted with his life and considered becoming a dacoit but was instead persuaded by one of his brothers, Malkhan, to attempt recruitment to the Indian Army. He successfully gained entrance on his fourth attempt, in 1951, and while stationed at the Electrical Mechanical Engineering Centre in Secunderabad and he was introduced to athletics. He had run the 10km distance to and from school as a child and was selected by the army for special training in athletics after finishing sixth in a compulsory cross-country run for new recruits. Singh has acknowledged how the army introduced him to sport, saying that "I came from a remote village, I didn't know what running was, or the Olympics".

International career
Singh represented India in the 200m and 400m competitions of the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games. His inexperience meant that he did not progress from the heat stages but a meeting with the eventual 400m champion at those Games, Charles Jenkins, both inspired him to greater things and provided him with information about training methods.

In 1958, Singh set records for the 200m and 400m in the National Games of India, held at Cuttack, and also won gold medals in the same events at the Asian Games. He then won a gold medal in the 400m (440 yards at this time) competition at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games with a time of 46.6 seconds. This latter achievement made him the first gold medalist at the Commonwealth Games from independent India. Before Vikas Gowda won the gold in 2014, Milkha was the only Indian male to have won an individual athletics gold medal at those Games.

Singh was persuaded by Jawaharlal Nehru to set aside his memories of the Partition era to race successfully in 1960 against Abdul Khaliq in Pakistan, where a post-race comment by the then General Ayub Khan led to him acquiring the nickname of The Flying Sikh. Some sources say that he set a world record of 45.8 seconds in France, shortly before the Rome Olympics in the same year but the official report of the Games lists the record holder as Lou Jones, who ran 45.2 at Los Angeles in 1956. At those Olympics, he was involved in a close-run final race in the 400m competition, where he was placed fourth. Singh had beaten all the leading contenders other than Otis Davis, and a medal had been anticipated because of his good form. However, he made an error when leading the race at 250m, slowing down in the belief that his pace could not be sustained and looking round at his fellow competitors. Singh believes that these errors caused him to lose his medal opportunity and they are his "worst memory". Davis, Carl Kaufmann and Malcolm Spence all passed him, and a photo-finish resulted. Davis and Kaufman were both timed at a world-record breaking 44.9 seconds, while Spence and Singh went under the pre-Games Olympic record of 45.9 seconds, set in 1952 by George Rhoden and Herb McKenley, with times of 45.5 and 45.6 seconds, respectively. The Age noted in 2006 that "Milkha Singh is the only Indian to have broken an Olympic track record. Unfortunately he was the fourth man to do so in the same race" but the official Olympic report notes that Davis had already equalled the Rhoden/McKenley Olympic record in the quarter-finals and surpassed it with a time of 45.5 seconds in the semi-finals.

At the 1962 Asian Games, held in Jakarta, Singh won gold in the 400m and in the 4 x 400m relay. He attended the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, where he was entered to compete in the 400m, the 4 x 100m relay and the 4 x 400m relay. He did not take part in either the 400m or the 4 x 100m relay and the Indian team of Milkha Singh, Makhan Singh, Amrit Pal and Ajmer Singh were eliminated when they finished fourth in the heat stages of the 4 x 400m.

There have been claims that Singh won 77 of his 80 races, but these are spurious. The number of races in which he participated is not verified, nor is the number of victories, but he lost a 400m race at the 1964 National Games in Calcutta to Makhan Singh and he did not finish first in any of his four races at the 1960 Olympic Games or the aforementioned qualification races at the 1956 Olympics.

Singh's time in the 1960 Olympics 400m final, which was run on a cinder track, set a national record that stood until 1998 when Paramjit Singh exceeded it on a synthetic track and with fully automatic timing that recorded 45.70 seconds. Although Singh's Olympic result of 45.6 seconds had been hand-timed, an electronic system at those Games had determined his record to be 45.73.

Later life

Singh was promoted from the rank of sepoy to junior commissioned officer in recognition of his successes in the 1958 Asian Games. He subsequently became Director of Sports in Punjab Ministry of Education, a post he retired from in 1998.

Singh was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award, following his success in 1958. In 2001, he turned down an offer of the Arjuna Award from the Indian government, arguing that it was intended to recognise young sports people and not those such as him. He also thought that the Award was being inappropriately given to people who had little notable involvement as active sports people at all. He said that "I have been clubbed with sportspersons who are nowhere near the level that I had achieved" and that the award had become devalued.

 While sharing his experience in a college in Goa in 2014, he stated, "The awards nowadays are distributed like 'prasad' in a temple. Why should one be honoured when he or she has not achieved the benchmark for the award? I rejected the Arjuna I was offered after I received the Padma Shri. It was like being offered an SSC [secondary school] certificate after securing a Masters degree."

All of Singh's medals have been donated to the nation. They were displayed at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi and later moved to a sports museum in Patiala, where a pair of running shoes that he wore in Rome are also displayed. In 2012, he donated the Adidas shoes that he had worn in the 1960 400m final to be sold in a charity auction organised by actor Rahul Bose.

Singh was admitted to the intensive care unit at Fortis Hospital in Mohali on 24 May 2021 with pneumonia caused by COVID-19. His condition was, for a while, described as stable, but he died on 18 June 2021 at 11:30pm in Chandigarh. His wife, Nirmal Saini, had died a few days earlier on 13 June 2021, also due to COVID-19. Singh was laid on his funeral pyre with a photo of his wife in his hands.

Media and popular culture

Singh and his daughter, Sonia Sanwalka, co-wrote his autobiography, titled The Race of My Life. It was published in 2013. The book inspired Bhaag Milkha Bhaag, a 2013 biographical film of Singh's life. The film is directed by Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra, and stars Farhan Akhtar in the title role, with Sonam Kapoor, Meesha Shafi and Divya Dutta in female lead roles. The film was widely acclaimed in India and won awards including the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment at the National Film Awards, and 5 awards at the International Indian Film Academy Awards in 2014. The film made over  crores. Singh sold the movie rights for one rupee but inserted a clause stating that a share of the profits would be given to the Milkha Singh Charitable Trust. The Trust was founded in 2003 with the aim of assisting poor and needy sportspeople.

In September 2017, Singh's wax statue – created by sculptors of Madame Tussauds in London – was unveiled at Chandigarh. It depicts Singh in running posture during his victorious run at the 1958 Commonwealth Games. The statue is placed at Madame Tussauds museum in New Delhi, India. After winning India's first track and field gold medal at the 2020 Olympics, Neeraj Chopra dedicated his victory to Singh.

Personal life
, Singh lived in Chandigarh. He met Nirmal Saini, a former captain of the Indian women's volleyball team in Ceylon in 1955; they married in 1962 and had three daughters and a son, the golfer Jeev Milkha Singh. In 1999, they adopted the seven-year-old son of Havildar Bikram Singh, who had died in the Battle of Tiger Hill.

Records and honours

Awards

Honours

See also
 Makhan Singh (sprinter)
 List of autobiographies by Indians
 Jeev Milkha Singh

Bibliography

Biopic - Bhaag Milkha Bhaag

Notes

References

External links

 Milkha Singh at Punjabipedia
Sports and Achievements, Indian Army.

1929 births
2021 deaths
Indian male sprinters
Olympic athletes for India
Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Indian Sikhs
Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports
Asian Games gold medalists for India
Punjabi people
Athletes from Punjab, India
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for India
Asian Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Athletes (track and field) at the 1958 Asian Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1962 Asian Games
People from Muzaffargarh District
People from Muzaffargarh
Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1958 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1962 Asian Games
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Medallists at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games


Johnny Miller (born 1947) is an American former professional golfer.

Johnny Miller may also refer to:
Johnny Miller (racing driver) (born 1965), American racecar driver
Johnny Miller (footballer) (1950–2016), English soccer player
Johnny Miller (Hidden Palms), fictional character
Johnny Miller (aviator) (1905–2008), American aircraft pilot
Johnny R. Miller, Assistant Adjutant General of the Illinois Army National Guard
Johnny Miller, bassist with the King Cole Trio

See also
Jonny Lee Miller (born 1972), British actor
John Miller (disambiguation)
Jonathan Miller (disambiguation)


A Place to Call Home may refer to:

A Place to Call Home (1970 film), a 1970 Hong Kong Shaw Brothers drama film
A Place to Call Home (1987 film), a 1987 Australian TV film
A Place to Call Home (novel), a 1997 romance novel by Deborah Smith
A Place to Call Home (album), the 1995 debut solo album by Joey Tempest
A Place to Call Home (opera), a 1994 opera by Edward Barnes, commissioned by the Los Angeles Opera
A Place to Call Home (TV series), a 2013–2018 Australian television series


Adrian Hoven (18 May 1922 – 28 April 1981) was an Austrian actor, producer and film director. He appeared in 100 films between 1947 and 1981. He was born in Wöllersdorf, Austria as Wilhelm Arpad Hofkirchner and died in Tegernsee, West Germany.

Selected filmography

Actor

 Quax in Africa (1947) - Statist (uncredited)
 King of Hearts (1947)
 Tromba (1949) - Rudy Walheim, Sportstudent
 The Prisoner (1949) - Victor
 Der Dorfmonarch (1950) - Stefan Wimpflinger - der Sohn
 Who Is This That I Love? (1950) - Franz
 The Orplid Mystery (1950) - (uncredited)
 The White Hell of Pitz Palu (1950) - Peter Hofkirchner
 Dr. Holl (1951) - Tonio / Gardener
 Das seltsame Leben des Herrn Bruggs (1951) - Rupert - sein Sohn
 Maria Theresa (1951) - Leutnant Cordona
 Heimat, deine Sterne (1951) - Jagerloisl
 Captive Soul (1952)
 The White Adventure (1952) - Dr. Peter Wiedemann
 I Can't Marry Them All (1952) - Fredi
 Season in Salzburg (1952) - Heinz Doll
 I Lost My Heart in Heidelberg (1952) - Tony de Boers
 Carnival in White (1952) - Hans Brugger
 Hannerl (1952) - Peter Bergmeister
 Marriage for One Night (1953) - Komma
 Stars Over Colombo (1953) - Gowaran
 Hooray, It's a Boy! (1953) - Dr. Kurt Wehling
 The Prisoner of the Maharaja (1954) - Gowaran
 My Sister and I (1954) - Rudi Becker
 The Big Star Parade (1954) - Peter Hofer
 Victoria in Dover (1954) - Prince Albert of Sachsen-Coburg
 Canaris (1954) - Capt. Althoff
 Secrets of the City (1955) - Gerhard Scholz
 Marriage Sanitarium (1955) - Stefan Seidlitz, Journalist
 Heimatland (1955) - Hans Bachinger
 Her First Date (1955) - Rolf
 As Long as You Live (1955) - Michael
 The Three from the Filling Station (1955) - Peter
 Lügen haben hübsche Beine (1956) - Arzt
 Pulverschnee nach Übersee (1956) - Bertl Unteraigner - Skilehrer
 Opera Ball (1956) - Richard Stelzer
 Like Once Lili Marleen (1956) - Franz Brugger
  (1956) - Paul Freitag
 Kaiserjäger (1956) - Oberleutnant Pacher
  (1957) - Frank
 Scherben bringen Glück (1957) - Heinz Kersten, Komponist
 Die unentschuldigte Stunde (1957) - Dr. Hans Weiringk
 Vienna, City of My Dreams (1957) - Peter Lehnert, Musikprofessor
  (1958) - Bill Morton
 The Beautiful Legs of Sabrina (1958) - Mario Martino
 Rommel Calls Cairo (1959) - Capt. Johannes Eppler, alias Hussein Gafaar
 Arzt aus Leidenschaft (1959) - Dr. Manfred Wiegand
 I Aim at the Stars (1960) - Mischke
 Das Rätsel der grünen Spinne (1960) - Ted Wagner
 Foxhole in Cairo (1960) - John Eppler
 Island of the Amazons (1960) - Manuel
 The White Horse Inn (1960) - Dr. Siedler
 We Will Never Part (1960) - Guido Terni
 Ach Egon! (1961) - Dr. Kurt Wehling
 Am Sonntag will mein Süsser mit mir segeln gehn (1961) - Horst, der Scheidungsanwalt

 So liebt und küsst man in Tirol (1961) - Paul Kramer
 The Puzzle of the Red Orchid (1962) - Inspector Weston

 The Post Has Gone (1962) - Willy
 Don't Fool with Me (1963) - Modeschöpfer, Maler und Lehrer Raul Thorsten
 The Black Cobra (1963) - Peter Karner
 Mit besten Empfehlungen (1963) - Hans Neubauer, Lohnbuchhalter
 Allotria in Zell am See (1963) - Mark Fürberg
 Cave of the Living Dead (1964) - Insp. Frank Dorin
  (1964) - Tim Frazer
 Seven Hours of Gunfire (1965) - Wild Bill Hickok
 Jesse James' Kid (1965) - Allan
 The Murderer with the Silk Scarf (1966) - Waldemar Fürst (uncredited)
 To Skin a Spy (1966) - Kern
 Scorpions and Miniskirts (1967) - Paul Riviere
 Sünde mit Rabatt (1968) - Arzt
 Succubus (1968) - Ralf Drawes
 Im Schloß der blutigen Begierde (1968) - Georg V. Kassell (voice, uncredited)
 Sadist Erotica (1969) - Mr. Radeck
 Kiss Me Monster (1969) - Eric Vicas
 Mark of the Devil (1970) - Walter - the Nobleman
 The Long Swift Sword of Siegfried (1971) - Blonde and Bearded Showman with the Eggs (uncredited)
 La pente douce (1972) - Le mari
 Mark of the Devil Part II (1973) - Count Alexander von Salmenau (uncredited)
 Martha (1974, TV Movie) - Mr. Heyer, Martha's father
 Fox and His Friends (1975) - Wolf Thiess, Eugen's father
 Das Rückendekolleté (1975)
 Mother Küsters' Trip to Heaven (1975) - Redacteur-in-chief Linke (uncredited)
  (1975) - Finkenbauer
 Inside Out (1975) - Dr. Maar
 Shadow of Angels (1976) - Herr Müller, ihr Mann
 Satan's Brew (1976) - Arzt im Krankenhaus
 Petty Thieves (1977)
 Waldrausch (1977) - Angelo
  (1977) - Bettler
 Despair (1978) - Inspector Schelling
 Goetz von Berlichingen of the Iron Hand (1979) - Jäger Lerse
  (1979, TV film) - Josip
 Car-napping (1980) - Entrepreneur Benninger
 Lili Marleen (1981) - Ginsberg
  (1981) - Capone

Director or producer
In 1965 Hoven teamed up with wealthy Siemens stockholder Pier Andrea Caminneci (25 July 1941 – 30 December 2013) to form Aquila Film Enterprises.  The company allowed Hoven to not only produce and star in films he wanted to make, but also to direct some of their films.

 The Murderer with the Silk Scarf (1966)
 Scorpions and Miniskirts (1967 directed by Ramón Comas)
 Succubus (1968, directed by Jesús Franco)
  (1968)
  (1969, directed by Jesús Franco)
 Mark of the Devil (1970, directed by Michael Armstrong)
  (1971)
 Mark of the Devil Part II (1973)
  (1974)

References

External links

1922 births
1981 deaths
Austrian male film actors
Austrian film producers
Austrian film directors
German-language film directors
German people of Austrian descent
20th-century Austrian male actors


Meskel Square () is a public square in the city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It is often a site for public gatherings or for demonstrations and festivals, notably, the Meskel Festival from which it takes its name.

History

Previously it was known as Stephen Square before its name was changed to Meskel Squre in the early 1950s. Traditionally, the Meskel bonfire in Addis Ababa was lit by the Emperor of Ethiopia accompanied by members of the Imperial Family, the nobility, and high officials of the Orthodox Church and the government. The bonfire was initially lit in a square near the southern gate of St George's Cathedral during the reigns of Emperor Menelik II and Empress Zewditu, but was moved to its present location in the specifically constructed Meskel Square by Emperor Haile Selassie.

Following the fall of the monarchy in 1974, Meskel Square was renamed Revolution Square (Abyot Adebababy). It was greatly expanded so that it could accommodate the annual Revolution Day and May Day parades on 12 September and 1 May. Three gigantic portraits of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Vladimir Lenin were erected in the square. The population of Addis Ababa would joke that these were the "new trinity". Meskel festival bonfires continued to be lit there for the time being, with the Patriarch of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church lighting the bonfire in place of the emperor. However in 1988, the officially atheist government ordered the Meskel celebration to be moved out of Meskel Square and it began to be held back at the small square outside the southern gates of St. George Cathedral.

After Mengistu Haile Mariam fled Ethiopia in May 1991, the short-lived government of General Tesfaye Gebre Kidan restored the original name of Meskel Square, and the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front government returned the Meskel celebration to the square.

Nowadays the square is often used for large secular purposes as well. Concerts, parades, car races, and various other government and public events are held there. Political parties often hold rallies in the square. Part of the public ceremonies surrounding the re-burial of Emperor Haile Selassie in 2000 took place in the square as well. The national monument in memory of those massacred by the Dergue regime in the Red Terror of the 1970s has been built at the eastern entrance to the square, and the remains of many victims from that period have been buried there. The Red Terror Martyrs Memorial Museum was open in February 2010

On 6 August 2016, hundreds of protesters marched on Meskel Square during the 2016 Ethiopian protests and shouted "we want our freedom" and "free our political prisoners."

Addis Ababa city municipality announced in mid-2020 a plan to upgrade Meskel Square. At the beginning of The Mesqel Square Municipality Rehabilitation project it piqued the interest of many including Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church citing concern in terms of it affecting the overall religious value of the place. and The Association of Ethiopian Architects (AEA) for transparency. The Association released a statement on behalf of its executive committee on 6 May 2020, dubbing it a missed opportunity for harvesting creative ideas through the solicitation of multiple design solutions. The Meskel Square Project consists of 1,400 underground parking spaces, 6 LED signboards, and 24 retail facilities. The project was completed in June 2021.

Meskel festival
The Meskel Festival has been celebrated for over 1,600 years. The word "Meskel" means "cross" and the festival is the Ethiopian Orthodox Church's equivalent of Feast of the Cross. It commemorates the moment when the crucifix was revealed to Empress Helena of Constantinople, mother of Constantine the Great.

Thousands gather at Meskel Square annually on 17 Meskerem in the Ethiopian calendar (27 September in the Gregorian calendar), with celebrations in Addis Ababa beginning in the early afternoon when a procession bearing flaming torches approaches Meskel Square from various directions. A burning pyramid (demera) is located in the center and is circled by priests in brightly colored cloaks, students, brass bands, and the army carrying around giant crosses and torches. They set the pyramid alight with their torches, and the burning pyramid is kept ablaze until dawn until the celebrations through the night have ended. They have done this for so many years now.

Ownership dispute
The domination of the square by the Ethiopian Orthodox has been disputed by Protestant and Islam followers, appealing to convert secular landholder. In Grand Ethiopian Iftar 2021, violence erupted by Muslim observant who hold demand for access the square, resulting its cancellation. Misinformation was circulated alleging an announcement of name changing to Eid Square by deputy mayor of Addis Ababa Adanech Abebe. It was later debunked by PesaCheck.

In January 2022, another controversy was sparked when Protestant congregants embark fundraising program in the square, and subsequently resulted in confrontation with Orthodox population, who opposed to perform religious ceremony, and claimed a possession of Orthodox church. Orthodox religious fathers rejected a meeting by Addis Ababa City government by insisting the square ownership to Orthodox privilege.

Purpose

Religious festivals
The square is known of spectacular Ethiopian Orthodox festival, most prominently Meskel ("a festival of the true cross") celebrated every September and Timkat (Ethiopian Epiphany). Before celebration, 17 Arks (known as Tabot) must be arrived to the square. Rituals includes an opening ceremony, then prayer followed by Sunday School students singing and dancing. The Meskel ceremony took only two hours 4:00 pm until 6:00 pm of evening, and Timkat begins around 7:00 am.

Concert
On 6 February 2005, a large concert was held in Meskel Square with considerable attendance followed. Bob Marley's "Africa Unite" was played at his sixtieth birthday, and many musicians performed including Marley's family and other Jamaican star I Threes, Senegalese musician Youssou N'Dour, Beninese Angélique Kidjo, and American R&B singer Lauryn Hill. Few Ethiopian artists debut their performance at the square such as Teddy Afro.

Athletics
Athletics training, especially running in the morning and football are frequent activities in Meskel. In addition, the square is fitted with public screen to view football tournaments either within nation or international. Most often, English Premier League is popular and people may view at evenings.

References

Squares in Addis Ababa
National squares


"The Legend" is the 67th episode of the American television series Prison Break and was broadcast on November 10, 2008 in the United States on the Fox Network.

Plot
The team members are angered when they find out that Agent Self is refusing to return Bellick's body to his mother.  Sucre attacks him and Mahone threatens to call off the operation to uncover Scylla if Self goes back on his word.  Self reluctantly agrees but warns Sucre to never attack him again or risk death.  Michael and Self meet with Gretchen, who gives them the remaining pages from the bird book and lets them know that Scylla is being moved to a bunker in Pennsylvania the following day.  Contrary to Lisa's wishes, the General wants to call in someone named David Baker to assist with moving Scylla.  Michael and Mahone uncover a code and figure out that David Baker is the one who wrote the code and the blueprints in Whistler's bird book; to fully decipher it, they're going to need David Baker.

At GATE, Trishanne gives T-Bag Gretchen's fingerprints and background info from the California Highway Patrol.  When she mentions Whistler's name to him, he immediately becomes suspicious of her, wondering how she could possibly know who he is.  However, T-Bag runs into a bigger problem when he is asked by his boss to step in on a major presentation.  Later that day, it turns out that Trishanne works with Homeland Security; she turns up to tell Self that she screwed up when she mentioned Whistler in front of T-Bag.

At the warehouse, Michael collapses again, forcing Sara to rush him to the hospital under fake identities.  Michael is brought in for a CT scan as Sara patiently waits outside.  In Michael's absence, Mahone heads to David Baker's house and is let in after he mentions Scylla.  In the GATE basement, Lincoln and Sucre are looking for a way into the Company headquarters when Sucre accidentally steps on a trigger, possibly a land mine, which starts beeping.  If he moves, it may go off and harm them both.  At David Baker's house, after enquiring about Baker's model of a self-sufficient city comparable to the real-world Venus Project, Mahone is probed on his involvement with the Company, thereby betraying his purpose at the house while Baker insists that he has cut all ties to the Company.  Back at GATE, T-Bag begins to deliver a much-practiced speech in front of potential clients, before breaking into a passionate, half-true speech about how he volunteered in prison and was friends with a CO named Brad, in honour of Bellick's memory.

The hospital is looking to admit Michael but he refuses treatment.  Sara asks Michael to reconsider, but both are spooked when they spot the police in the hospital and hurriedly leave, asking the doctor to call back with the test results later.  Meanwhile, agents from The Company barge into David Baker's house as Mahone is begging Baker for help.  Mahone tries to take a call from Lincoln before hanging up as he spots the Company agents approaching; he hurriedly tries to bring Baker around then runs before Baker is captured and backup agents sweep the grounds for signs of an intruder.  While fleeing, Mahone is met with Baker's wife, who delivers a legend for the blueprint and drives off.

Unable to reach Michael or Mahone, Lincoln drags Gretchen into the tunnels.  Gretchen recognizes the type of land mine and orders Sucre to change the distribution of his weight on the trigger, so that she can disarm the firing pin.  Lincoln and Sucre are distrustful of her, but she points out that she is risking her own life as well.  After meeting up back at the warehouse, Michael and Mahone decode the blueprint, only to realize that Sucre isn't just stepping on a land mine, but also on an alarm trigger.  Mahone rushes to GATE to stop them from dismantling the bomb, which will set off the alarm.  He manually overrides the system and tells Sucre to step off the trigger, who eventually does so with great reluctance.

Everyone meets back up at the warehouse where they are met with Bellick's body, dressed in a proper suit, and placed in a coffin to be sent home to his mother for burial.  Mahone places a police shield on Bellick's chest.  Sucre makes the phone call to Bellick's mother, as he promised that he would in the event that anything happened to him.  T-Bag discovers Trishanne's identity when he calls a number on Trishanne's resume and is greeted by Self's voice on the other end of the line.

Sara gives Michael his medical results: he has a Hypothalamus Tumor that has been growing and requires surgery.  Michael asks for two days, but Sara tells him that he only has one – he has to have surgery tomorrow or he runs the risk of dying.

In the T-Bag speech scene, Prison Break writers  Nick Santora, Matt Olmstead, Zack Estrin, Karyn Usher, Seth Hoffman and others appear, presumably in a tribute to Bellick's character.

Reception
IGN gave the episode 8.8/10 saying that "the writers chose the right material to include in the episode" and that there were "great character moments in-between the action". As a result, the episode also received the IGN Editors Choice Award.

References

External links

 hypothalamic-tumor @ healthopedia

Prison Break episodes
2008 American television episodes


John Millar may refer to:

John Millar (philosopher) (1735–1801), Scottish philosopher and historian
John Millar, Lord Craighill (1817–1888), Scottish judge
John A. Millar (1855–1915), New Zealand politician
John Millar (Canadian politician) (1866–1950)
John Millar (footballer, born 1923) (1923–1986), Scottish footballer
John Millar (footballer, born 1927) (1927–1991), Scottish footballer
John Millar (footballer, born 1966), Scottish footballer (Chelsea, Blackburn Rovers, Heart of Midlothian)
John Millar (rugby union), Scottish rugby union player
John Millar, Scottish confectioner, see Millar McCowan
John Millar, American spiritual head of Elohim City, Oklahoma
Sandy Millar (John Alexander Kirkpatrick Millar, born 1939), Anglican bishop
John Millar, musician in The Hush Now

See also
John Miller (disambiguation)
John Millar Andrews (1871–1956), Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
John Millar Watt (1895–1975), Scottish artist


Stadionul Colentina is a multi-use stadium in Bucharest, Romania. It is the home ground of Daco-Getica București and holds 6,000 people, all seated.

References

Sports venues in Bucharest
Football venues in Romania
ASC Daco-Getica București


is a train station in Ōmuta, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan which is shared by JR Kyushu (operating the Kagoshima Main Line) and the Nishi-Nippon Railroad (Nishitetsu), operating the Tenjin Ōmuta Line.

Lines
The station is served by the Kagoshima Main Line and is located 147.5 km from the starting point of the line at .

In addition, the station is the southern terminus of the Tenjin Ōmuta Line and is located 74.8 km from the starting point of the line at Tenjin.

Layout
The JR Kyushu part of the station consists of a side and an island platform (platforms 1-3) serving three tracks. The Nishitetsu part consists of three tracks served by three bay platforms. One bay platform is one sided and is designated as platforms 4. The other two bays are two sided, platforms 5-6 serving one track and 7-8 another. A large number of passing loops and sidings are located between the JR and Nishitetsu platforms. In addition, another group of sidings branch off track 1 on the JR side.

Platforms

JR Kyūshū

Nishi-Nippon Railroad

Adjacent stations

|-
|colspan=5 style="text-align:center;" |JR Kyūshū

|-
|colspan=5 style="text-align:center;" |Nishi-Nippon Railroad

History
The privately run Kyushu Railway had opened a stretch of track between  and the (now closed) Chitosegawa temporary stop on 11 December 1889. After several phases of expansion northwards and southwards, by February 1891, the line stretched from  south to . In the next phase of expansion, the track was extended south to Takase (now ) opening as the new southern terminus on 1 April 1891. Ōmuta was opened on the same day as one of several intermediate stations on the new stretch of track. When the Kyushu Railway was nationalized on 1 July 1907, Japanese Government Railways (JGR) took over control of the station. On 12 October 1909, the station became part of the Hitoyoshi Main Line and then on 21 November 1909, part of the Kagoshima Main Line. On 1 July 1939, the Nishitetsu Tenjin Ōmuta Line commenced its service to the station. On 1 April 1987, with the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor of JGR, JR Kyushu took over control of the station.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 3,014 passengers daily (boarding passengers only), and it ranked 61st among the busiest stations of JR Kyushu.

References

External links
Ōmuta Station (JR Kyushu)

Railway stations in Fukuoka Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1891
Ōmuta, Fukuoka


The Ulster Minor Club Football Championship (), often referred to as the St. Paul's Tournament, is the 38th annual Gaelic football tournament for players aged under eighteen.

Minor club championships are held in each of the nine counties of Ulster. The nine county champions contest the Ulster Club Championship. All matches are knock-out.

The 2022 winners were Dungiven of County Derry who defeated Four Masters of Donegal by 2-07 to 1-08 in the final on 1 January 2023.

The tournament is organised and hosted by St. Paul's GAC, Belfast. While unofficial, it is regarded as the Ulster Club Championship for club minor teams. It began in 1982 and the Jimmy McConville cup has been presented since 1983. The competition begins in late November or early December with the final taking place in January, typically on New Year's Day (e.g. the 2017 final took place on 1 January 2018).

Finals Listed By Year

Notes:
The Anne Marie Donnelly award is given to the man of the match in the final

Wins Listed By County

Wins Listed By Club

See also
Ulster Senior Club Football Championship

References

4


Pinkas Braun (7 January 1923 – 24 June 2008) was a Swiss film actor. He appeared in 70 films between 1952 and 2002. He was born in Zürich, Switzerland and died in Munich, Germany.

Partial filmography

 Sky Without Stars (1955) - Kommissar Engelbrecht
 Wir Wunderkinder (1958) - Siegfried Stein
 The Miracle of Father Malachia (1961) - Christian Krüger
 The Puzzle of the Red Orchid (1962) - Edwin
 The Door with Seven Locks (1962) - Dr. Antonio Staletti
The Curse of the Yellow Snake (1963) - Fing-Su / St. Clay
 The Lightship (1963) - Funker Philippi
 Piccadilly Zero Hour 12 (1963) - Sir Reginald Cunningham
 Waiting Room to the Beyond (1964) - Felix
 Dog Eat Dog (1964) - Livio Morelli
  (1964) - Roger Marton, Antiquitätenhändler
 Black Eagle of Santa Fe (1965) - Gentleman
 City of Fear (1965) - Ferenc
 St. Pauli Herbertstraße (1965) - Werner Kästel
 Secret Agent Super Dragon (1966) - (uncredited)
  (1966, TV film) - Witness
 The Hunchback of Soho (1966) - Alan Davis
 Clint the Stranger (1967) - Don Shannon
 Mission Stardust (1967) - Arkin
 The Man Outside (1967) - Rafe Machek
  (1967, TV Mini-Series) - John Evans
 Im Banne des Unheimlichen (1968) - The Stranger
 Jacques Offenbach – Ein Lebensbild (1969, TV Movie) - Jacques Offenbach
  (1969, TV Movie) - Deval
 The Last Escape (1970) - Von Heinken
   (1971, TV Mini-Series) - Sir Percival Glyde
 Wenn ihr wollt, ist es kein Märchen (1973, TV Movie) - Theodor Herzl
 Derrick (1976-1986, TV Series) - Dr. Kroll / Dr. Bergmann
 Jeder stirbt für sich allein (1976) - Widerstandskämpfer Der Dunkle
 Bloodline (1979) - Dr. Wal
 Charlie Muffin (1979, TV Movie) - Valery Kalenin
 L'ombre rouge (1981) - Maly
 All Fired Up (1982) - Monsieur Nash
 The Tiger Brigades (1982-1983, TV Series) - Gabrielli
  (1984) - Col. Debars
 Falosny princ (1985) - Hlavný vezír
 Anna Göldin, letzte Hexe (1991) - Pfarrer Camerarius
 Die Zeit danach (1992)
  (1993) - Hormann
 K (1997) - Joseph Katz / Karl Heinrich
 Komiker (2000) - Max
 Verzauberte Emma oder Hilfe, ich bin ein Junge... ! (2002) - Albert Tartov

References

External links

1923 births
2008 deaths
Swiss male film actors
Swiss male television actors
20th-century Swiss male actors
21st-century Swiss male actors
Swiss Jews
Male actors from Zürich


Mahasena or Mahāsena may refer to:
Mahasena, a name for Murugan, Hindu god of war
Mahasena, a legendary king of the Kataragama region in Sri Lanka said to have ruled during the 6th century BCE
Mahasena of Anuradhapura, a historical king of Sri Lanka who ruled from 275 to 301 CE
Mahasena-gupta, a ruler of the Later Gupta dynasty in India
Mahasena (genus), a genus of bagworm moth
Chaophraya Mahasena, a Thai noble title
Mahasena, the former HMCS Orkney, a ship of the Royal Ceylon Navy

See also
Mahasen (disambiguation)


Sanjay M. Khanduri is an Indian film director from Bollywood, best known for the directing Ek Chalis Ki Last Local .

Film career
He started his career as an investigative correspondent for news channel TV18. He was second assistant director in the Taal (1999) and as Chief associate director in Dil Hai Tumhara (2002).

Khanduri feature film debut as a director was 2007 film Ek Chalis Ki Last Local , starring Abhay Deol and Neha Dhupia along with Nawazuddin Siddiqui.  His second film Kismat Love Paisa Dilli, featuring Vivek Oberoi, Malika Sherawat and Ashutosh Rana in lead roles was released in 2012.

Filmography
Ek Chalis Ki Last Local (2007)
Kismat Love Paisa Dilli (2012)

References

External links

Hindi-language film directors
Living people
1979 births
Film directors from Delhi
Delhi University alumni


Europeana is a web portal created by the European Union containing digitised cultural heritage collections of more than 3,000 institutions across Europe. It includes records of over 50 million cultural and scientific artefacts, brought together on a single platform and presented in a variety of ways relevant to modern users. The prototype for Europeana was the European Digital Library Network (EDLnet), launched in 2008.

The Europeana Foundation is the governing body of the service, and is incorporated under Dutch law as Stichting Europeana.

History
Europeana had its beginnings after a letter was jointly sent in April 2005 by Jacques Chirac, President of France, and the premiers of Germany, Spain, Italy, Poland and Hungary to the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Durão Barroso. It urged the creation of a virtual European library in order to make Europe's cultural heritage more accessible to everyone.

The letter helped to give added support to work that the European Commission's Information Society and Media Directorate had already been conducting over the previous ten years, such as the Telematics for Libraries project. It also offered strong political support to the Directorate's strategy (i2010: communication on digital libraries), published in September 2005. This made clear the intention to create and support a European digital library, covering the whole European Union in order to encourage growth of the information society and related media industries.

The first project that started the building of Europeana was the European Digital Library Network (EDLnet), whose role was to establish a prototype model for a user-focussed service, capable of working across national borders and across differing domains. The European Commission funded EDLnet from its eContentplus programme.

The European Digital Library Network prototype was launched on 20 November 2008. It initially provided access to 4.5 million digital objects, which was twice as many as initially intended, and received data contributions from over a thousand separate organisations, including many internationally renowned libraries, gallery and museum collections from many different European capital cities.

The successor of EDLnet (Europeana version 1.0) began life in February 2009. It ran for 2.5 years and, by 2010, the initial prototype had developed into a full service, providing access to over 10 million digital records of cultural objects. New features were added in 2011, including a translation tool and a function to expand searches onto other platforms, including Wikipedia.

Function and description
Europeana contains digitalised museum collections.

Europeana gives access to different types of content from different types of heritage institutions. The digital objects that users can find in Europeana are not stored on a central computer, but remain with the cultural institution and are hosted on their networks. Europeana collects contextual information – or metadata – about the items, including a small picture. Users search this contextual information. Once they find what they are looking for, if they want to access the full content of the item, they can click through to the original site that holds the content.

Different types of cultural heritage organisations – libraries, museums, archives and audiovisual collections – catalogue their content in different ways and to different standards. Approaches also vary in different countries. To make the information searchable, it has to be mapped to a single common standard, known as the Europeana Semantic Elements, and based on Dublin Core. This metadata standard at present takes a lowest common denominator approach to the integration of different types of digital content. In 2010 the Europeana Data Model, a richer metadata standard, was introduced to help give users more and better information.

Europeana accepts metadata about digital objects, it does not make any decisions about digitisation. The decision about which objects are digitised lies with the organisation that holds the material.

More than 3,000 institutions across Europe have contributed to Europeana, including the Rijksmuseum, the British Library and the Louvre. Records of over 10 million cultural and scientific artefacts have been brought together on Europeana's platform, and are presented in a variety of ways relevant to modern users, such as smartphones or APIs.

Strategy
In its Strategic Plan for 2011–2015, which was published in January 2011, Europeana outlined four strategic tracks that would shape its further development:
 Aggregate – to build the open trusted source for European cultural and scientific heritage content;
 Facilitate – to support the cultural and scientific heritage sector through knowledge transfer, innovation and advocacy;
 Distribute – to make heritage available to users wherever they are, whenever they want it;
 Engage – to cultivate new ways for users to participate in their cultural and scientific heritage.

The subsequent strategy document is for the period 2015–2020.

Organisation
The Europeana Foundation is the governing body of the Europeana service. Its members are the presidents and chairs of European associations for cultural heritage and information associations.

The Foundation promotes collaboration between museums, archives, audiovisual collections and libraries so that users can have integrated access to their content through Europeana and other services.

The Foundation is incorporated under Dutch law as Stichting Europeana and is housed within the Koninklijke Bibliotheek, the national library of the Netherlands. It provides a legal framework for the governance of Europeana, employing the staff, bidding for funding and enabling the sustainability of the service.

The executive director of the Europeana Foundation is Harry Verwayen, who was appointed in May 2018.

Europeana Network and events

Europeana has a network for cultural heritage professionals in Europe working in digitisation. Initially known as the Council of Content Providers and Aggregators (CCPA), it has been called the Europeana Network since December 2011.

Europeana regularly runs events and conferences. Between 2011 and 2019, Europeana's annual flagship event took the form of the annual general meeting for the Europeana Network. Since 2020, the event has been an annual conference.

The event has been held online and in venues across Europe.

Europeana projects
There are a number of projects – the Europeana Group – that are contributing technology solutions and content to Europeana. These are run by different cultural heritage institutions, and are part-funded by the European Commission's eContentplus programme and the Information and Communications Technologies Policy Support Programme (ICT PSP).

The Europeana Group projects are:
3D ICONS digitising archaeological monuments and buildings in 3D
APEx – Archives Portal Europe Network of Excellence Project
ASSETS aims to improve the usability of Europeana.
ATHENA aggregates museum content and promotes standards for museum digitisation and metadata.
AthenaPlus access to cultural heritage networks for Europeana
Biodiversity Heritage Library for EuropeCARARE aggregates content for the archaeology and architectural heritage
Digitising Contemporary Art (DCA)
DM2E stimulates the creation of new tools and services for re-use of Europeana data in the Digital Humanities
ECLAP will build a large digital library of performing arts and UGC.
EURO-Photo digitises photographs from news agencies.
Europeana 1914–1918 for the First World War centenary, including family histories collected in collaboration with the British Library, the National Library of Luxembourg and other institutions.
Europeana Collections 1914-1918 which will make available 425,000 items related to the First World War for the First World War centenary.  In January 2014, this material was combined with the Europeana 1914-1918 and European Film Gateway First World War material.
Europeana Connect adds sound material to Europeana.
Europeana Awareness a best practice network to publicise Europeana at a political level.
Europeana Creative stimulates the creative re-use of material added to Europeana.
Europeana Fashion will bring more than 700,000 items of fashion-related content into Europeana.
European Film Gateway (EFG) 'provides more than 600,000 films and film-related content to Europeana.
Europeana Libraries will add over 5 million digital objects to Europeana from 19 of Europe's leading research and university libraries.
Europeana Local brings content from regional and local content holders.
Europeana Newspapers adds records relating to 18 million newspaper pages to Europeana;
Europeana Regia is digitising royal manuscripts from Medieval and Renaissance Europe; an exhibition of the manuscripts is available
Europeana Sounds contributes audio material to Europeana.
Europeana Travel will bring material associated with travel, trade, tourism and migration into Europeana.
Europeana v1.0 is developing a fully functional Europeana website.
EUscreen contributes television material to Europeana.
Heritage of People's Europe (HOPE) aims to improve access to digital social history collections.
JUDAICA Europeana looks at the Jewish contribution to Europe's cultural heritage.
Linked Heritage aims to add substantial new content from commercial and public sectors, and enrich Europeana's metadata with a "linked data" approach.
Musical Instrument Museums Online (MIMO)
Natural Europe connects the digital collections of natural history museums.
OpenUp! brings Europe's natural history heritage to Europeana
Partage Plus digitising and enabling Art Nouveau for Europeana
PATHS Personalised Access To cultural Heritage Spaces
The European Library aggregates the content of national libraries.
thinkMOTION gathers content from the field of motion systems.

Europeana regularly run engagement projects where members of the public are invited to share their stories relating to topics like World War I, migration, industrial heritage and / sport. These take place either online or at collection day events.

 Financing
Europeana and the projects contributing content to Europeana.eu have been funded by the European Commission under eContentplus, the Information and Communications Technologies Policy Support Programme (ICT PSP) and similar programmes. To participate in a wide range of projects, which are only funded by the commission for 50–100% of the costs and do not include overheads, Europeana is also reliant for an element of its funding on Member States' ministries of culture and education.

See also

Mexicana
Canadiana.org
Flandrica.be
List of online image archives
Virtual Centre for Knowledge on Europe

 References

Further reading
"Europeana: Moving to Linked Open Data", archived article in  Information Standards Quarterly'' Spring/Summer 2012, v.24, no. 2. (Archived PDF)
 Europeana at Google Cultural Institute

External links

Official website (organisation)

Information technology organizations based in Europe
Internet properties established in 2008
Aggregation-based digital libraries
Cultural policies of the European Union
Internet and the European Union
Online archives
Art websites
Scholarly search services
Mass digitization


The Landless People's Movement is an independent social movement in South Africa. It consisted of rural people and people living in shack settlements in cities. The Landless People's Movement boycotted parliamentary elections and had a history of conflict with the African National Congress. The Landless People's Movement was affiliated to Via Campesina internationally and its Johannesburg branches to the Poor People's Alliance in South Africa.

History
On 24 July 2001 provincial representatives of local landless formations met with regional organisations to unite their grievances and collectively seek change to relieve their struggles. The Landless People's Movement was formed out of this meeting

Its stated aims were to:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|
 To strengthen the capacity of the rural landless to organise effectively and advocate for themselves
 To speed up land reform and hold the government to account on their promises
 To draw on a wider South/South network to support initiatives of landless people in South Africa
 To develop public awareness nationally and internationally about the needs of rural landless communities in South Africa
|}
The movement was initially formed and support by an NGO, the National Land Committee (NLC), but in 2003 it broke with the NLC after which it operated autonomously.

On 13 November 2003 the movement issued a Memorandum to then President Thabo Mbeki asking "why is development brought to us through guns and the terror" and demanding an immediate halt to all evictions on farms and from urban squatter camps.

In 2008 the Protea South branch in Johannesburg won a landmark court order against the city of Johannesburg.

The Landless People's Movement has been described as being successful in linking the commonalities between both rural and urban land dispossession.

Branches in Johannesburg

The Johannesburg Landless Peoples' Movement had branches in the following shack settlements:

 Protea South
 Harry Gwala
 Freedom Park
 Thembelihle
 Precast
 Lawley
 Protea Glen

State repression

In April 2004 57 members of the movement were arrested on election day for marching under the banner of 'No Land! No Vote!'. Some of the arrested activists were subject to torture and this was later taken up in court action against the police.

In September 2007 the Freedom of Expression Institute reported that at a peaceful protest by the Landless People's Movement:SAPS members fired at random towards the protesters, leaving the pavement covered with the blue casings of rubber bullets. Police also deployed a helicopter and water cannon, and we saw at least two officers using live ammunition. One Protea South resident, Mandisa Msewu, was shot in the mouth by a rubber bullet, and several other residents were attended to by paramedics due to police violence.In February 2009 the movement reported that eight Landless People's Movement activists from Protea South were arrested following a peaceful protest.

The movement claims to have been subject to severe repression in Johannesburg in 2010, including arrest, arson and murder. Also in 2010 one of the movement's activists, Terrance Mbuleo (33), was murdered by middle class vigilantes in Soweto.

Poor People's Alliance
In September 2008 the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign, together with Abahlali baseMjondolo, the Johannesburg branches of the Landless People's Movement and the Rural Network (Abahlali basePlasini) in KwaZulu-Natal formed the Poor People's Alliance. The poor people's alliance refused electoral politics under the banner 'No Land! No House! No Vote!'.

See also
Abahlali baseMjondolo in South Africa
Homeless Workers' Movement in Brazil
Landless Workers' Movement in Brazil
Landless People's Movement (Namibia)
Movement for Justice in el Barrio in the United States
Narmada Bachao Andolan in India
Take Back the Land in the US
Zapatista Army of National Liberation in Mexico
Via Campesina

References

Social movements in South Africa
Land rights movements
Social movements based in Johannesburg
Housing in South Africa
Squatters' movements


Melwood Park is a historic home located near Upper Marlboro in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. It is a -story, Flemish bond brick structure, with Georgian details. As of 2009, it is undergoing an extensive restoration. This unique dwelling was visited by George Washington on several occasions and the British Army camped here during their march to Washington, D.C. in August 1814, during the War of 1812.

Melwood Park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Ownership history
The house is significant for its early owners, some of the most prominent men in all phases of the life of colonial Maryland; the Digges, Carroll, and Lee families. The home was originally believed to have been built by Ignatius Digges (1707–1785) c. 1750, and subsequently raised to its present two stories by his widow, Mary Carroll Digges, in about 1800. Recent dendrochronology performed on the roof rafters of Melwood Park suggest an earlier construction date. The confirmed felling date of the timbers used in construction of the roof date to the winter of 1713 and spring of 1714. At the time Melwood Park was owned by Henry Darnell Jr. (1682–1737) who owned an adjacent  plantation known as His Lordship's Kindness. His father, Henry Darnall (1645–1711), had earlier built nearby "The Woodyard."

The original Melwood Park land patent was for  of which half were eventually inherited by the Digges family. William Digges, who inherited half of the property purchased the half where the manor house was located in 1729.  Ignatius Digges, son of William, inherited Melwood from his father in 1740. Ignatius Digges left the plantation to his wife, Mary Carroll Digges, who went on to live at Melwood Park for the next 40 years after his death in 1785. Ignatius Digges grandson Ignatius Digges Lee, son of his daughter Mary (1745–1805) who was wife of Maryland Governor Thomas Sim Lee (1745–1819), was scheduled to inherit Melwood Park, but predeceased his grandmother. Lee and his wife were buried at Melwood Park until moved to a nearby Catholic cemetery in 1888.  Melwood Park was sold to William Pumphrey in about 1825, following the death of Mary.

The current owner now is Mellwood Parke Foundation. Mellwood Parke is now managed by William C. Hendricks, as executive director.

Structure history

Exterior
The 1713–1714 dwelling was a timber-framed structure approximately , 6 inches by , with an ell of equal size situated on the north side. This first dwelling was one and a half stories. This dwelling had an riven oak clapboard roof sheathing, a 17:12 pitched roof and likely clapboard siding. No drawings of the original structure have been located, nor are there references to this building in land records. However, the evidence of this original structure is present in the dwelling today.

Further dendrochronology performed in the roof structure indicated that significant changes were made to the building between 1767 and 1768. These changes include; extending the dwelling on the east by  and on the west by , extending the loft to a full story across the south facade only, the addition of two outward flanking chimney stacks, encasing the south facing facade with brick nogging and a veneer brick, adding 16/16 common sliding sash windows of the first floor and 9/9 common sliding sash windows on the second floor. The veneer brick and addition of solid masonry were set in an artful Flemish bond pattern with glazed headers, queen course and oyster shell lime mortar with a grapevine joint. During this expansion it is assumed that the northward ell was not modified, however this portion of the building was removed in a subsequent renovation likely to have occurred circa 1897.

Interior
The interiors of Melwood Park are as impressive as the exterior. The dining room was paneled wood from floor to ceiling, similar detailing is used throughout the dwelling. Recent paint analysis of the interior indicates that Ignatius Digges painted the renovated interior all one color, a rust red, common to the era with a high gloss varnished finish to aid in the reflectance of light. It appears likely that his wife Mary redecorated the interiors shortly after his death in 1785, completing her cosmetic changes sometime after 1800. Further paint analysis has revealed that the second finish applied to the wood work inside the dwelling was very bright and colorful. She appears to have chosen colors common to the wealthy of her day; Verdigris and Prussian blue among the color recently discovered. The Verdigris color in the central or entry hall of the house was applied in an unusual way, there are distinct layers, 7 to be exact, of color that is translucent. This was then covered with at least 3 layers of a translucent tinted varnish. The effect would have been magnificent and would today be very difficult to replicate. The Prussian blue seen in the east parlor (sometimes referred to as the dining room is dated to after 1800 due to the fact that a chemical which made the pigment more opaque was added to the paint, this chemical was not discovered or available in the United States until after 1800.

See also
Melwood, Maryland, census-designated place near Melwood Park

References

External links
, including photo in 1974, at Maryland Historical Trust website

"Darnall Circle"

Historic American Buildings Survey in Maryland
Georgian architecture in Maryland
Houses in Prince George's County, Maryland
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Houses completed in 1750
National Register of Historic Places in Prince George's County, Maryland


The Beacon – Roces Tower is a residential condominium skyscraper in Makati, Philippines, and has a height of . It is the first of three towers, and part of The Beacon complex. The Beacon was developed by Geo Estate Estate Development Corporation in cooperation with New Pacific Resources Management, Inc. Groundbreaking for the project was on January 28, 2008, while actual construction works for Roces Tower started on February 8, 2008. The building opened in 2011, while the initial hand-over of units to residents started in August 2011.

Roces Tower also has 44 stories above ground, and a sister twin tower, the Amorsolo Tower, which has the same dimensions as the Roces Tower. Topping-off ceremonies were held last July 21, 2009.

The Project Team

The Beacon, including Roces Tower, is owned and developed by Geo Estate Development Corporation and New Pacific Resources Management, Inc. It was designed by Arch. Albert S. Yulocal of architectural firm ASYA Design, an established design company who provided design to dozens of well known residential condominiums. Structural design and consultancy was provided by engineering firm Aromin & Sy + Associates, another established company responsible for the structural design of major skyscrapers in the country.

Construction and Project Management services is provided by Asian Technicon Managers & Consultants, Inc., while the general contractor for the project is EEI Corporation, one of the largest construction companies in the country.

Other groups included in the design team are: Asuncion Berenguer Inc. (Interior Design); DL Lagman Engineering (Airconditioning & Ventilation Design); M.A. Alix & Partners (Electrical Design); Figueroa & Associates (Plumbing & Fire Protection Design); Dr. Salvador F. Reyes (Geotechnical & Soils); SMDI Consultants Inc. (Traffic Consultant); DCCD Engineering Corp. (Floor Study Consultant); and Meinhardt Philippines (Elevator Consultant).

Location

The Beacon is located at the corner of Don Chino Roces and Antonio Arnaiz Avenues near the heart of Makati, and is just a few meters away from commercial establishments like Makati Cinema Square and Walter Mart - Makati; Don Bosco Parish and Don Bosco Technical Institute, Makati, and a few blocks away from the  Makati Central Business District.

See also

 The Beacon - Arnaiz Tower
 The Beacon - Amorsolo Tower

References

Skyscrapers in Makati
Residential skyscrapers in Metro Manila


The A822 is a road which runs through Perthshire in Scotland. It runs from the A9 road at Greenloaning, and rejoins the A9 at Dunkeld. It goes through Crieff and intersects the A85 road and the A823 road to Dunfermline.

Roads in Scotland


"Why Can't You Free Some Time" is a song by American electronic musician and producer Armand Van Helden, taken from his fifth album, Gandhi Khan, released in 2001. The song samples the track "Takin' the Time to Find" by Dave Mason.

Charts

References

2001 singles
Armand Van Helden songs
2001 songs
Songs written by Dave Mason
Songs written by Armand Van Helden


The A823 is a road in Scotland which goes from south of Crieff to Dunfermline. It joins onto the A823(M) and the A822 which runs to Crieff.

Roads in Scotland


The Cut is a 2006 theatre play by Mark Ravenhill. It is a dystopia that relates the life of Paul, a practitioner of a mysterious operation who is greatly disturbed by its practice. Main themes touch upon one's place in the society and the arbitrariness of governments policies which set up the norm against one's morale.

Ravenhill's The Cut is not to be confused with the Mike Cullen play of the same name.

Plot summary
As the play unravels, the cut is presented as a painful, immoral, controversial and ambiguous surgery, that cures a patient or victim from desire, or maybe even personality. It is apparently destined to dissidents and/or sick people but its virtues also make it attractive as a mean of freedom and salvation. The cut is pictured as a death of some sort, but leaving open to interpretation what part of the patient is dying.

In the first part, Paul is reluctant to administrate the cut to a willing patient, and in the course of his frustrations and failure to convince him otherwise, let explode his angst and impotency to commit suicide, confessing in particular his deficient relationship with his wife. In the second part, Paul is shown in the context that seems to put the most strain on him: his family life. We see him waiting for and having dinner with his wife, from whom he his holding secret—out of guilt—the real nature of his activities for the government. The two have a conversation that progresses from chit-chat to a maddening and humiliating confrontation. In the last part, Paul is in jail as a result of the cut being banished from a new Government, and is visited by his son, with whom he shares an equally emotionally disturbed and alienated conversation.

External links

 A review by Mark Cook of the representation at the Donmar Warehouse.
 A review by Michael Billington for The Guardian of the same representation.

2006 plays
Dystopian literature
Plays by Mark Ravenhill


Claydon railway station was a station in Great Blakenham, Suffolk. It closed to passengers in 1963. The goods facility for Blue Circle Cement, British Steel Piling and Kings Scrapyard was still staffed in the late 1970s with the staff working from the former up side station buildings.

History
The station was opened on 30 November 1849 when the Ipswich and Bury Railway started operation. Initially opened for goods traffic, passenger services commenced on 23 December the same year. The station building was designed by Frederick Barnes who designed a number of stations along the route. Its design is similar to Elmswell railway station which is still extant today (2014).

At the west end of the station, which had two platforms, the line was crossed by the Ipswich to Stowmarket Road although that traffic is now carried on the A14, the level crossing is still quite busy with local traffic.

The Ipswich and Bury Railway was soon merged to become part of the Eastern Union Railway (with whom it shared a number of directors) and this was then taken over by the Eastern Counties Railway in 1854. although these two companies did not formally merge until they amalgamated with other railways to form the Great Eastern Railway in 1862.

The Bradshaws Railway guide for July 1922 shows down services for Bury St Edmunds and Norwich (generally calling all stations) calling at Claydon. Up services generally terminated at Ipswich calling at Bramford.

In 1923 operation of the station became the responsibility of the London and North Eastern Railway following the 1923 grouping.

On 1 February 1941 the adjacent cement works (see section below) was bombed during the second world war.

On nationalisation operation of the station became the responsibility of the Eastern Region of British Railways.

The station was closed to passengers on 17 June 1963 and the goods yard was closed on 31 March 1971. The down side platforms and structures were demolished soon after closure to passengers to enable the railway layout in the cement factory to be extended. The main building on the upside survived until 1992 although it was demolished despite efforts to have it listed.

The signal box lasted until 1986 when following re-signalling of the main line, electrification and the replacement of the old level crossing barriers by new remote controlled barriers, it had become redundant.

Goods Sidings
The station had a number of goods facilities. Behind the up platform (towards Ipswich and Liverpool Street) there was a railway owned goods yard which included a private coal siding operated by Ipswich Coal merchant Thomas Moy. A cement factory operated by George Mason & Co (sometimes referred to as Masons) was established in the 1913 on the down side of the station. It is unclear whether it was rail connected in 1913 but maps of 1926 show it was rail connected with rail traffic continuing until the closure of the factory in 1999. In 1948 operation of the factory was taken over by APCM (Blue Circle Cement). The company operated a number of quarries in the area which were served by narrow gauge railways.

On the west side of the level crossing on the down side of the line a second goods yard was established in the First World War (1916-1918) and there were used as a railhead for aviation fuel for nearby RAF Wattisham during the Second World War (1939-1945). Later a scrap yard operated at this location.

In 1921 on the down side of the line west of the crossing  the Zenith Works of the British Steel Piling Co Ltd was established. Rail traffic lasted until 1973 with the connection being removed in 1976 although some track was extant in 1986.

About a mile west of the level crossing there is an active (in 2014) aggregates terminal on the up side of the line.

Re-opening?
Plans to redevelop one of the old cement factory quarries into an indoor ski resort called SnOasis have led to suggestions that the station may re-open although whether it will be in the same site due to its proximity to the level crossing is unknown. However, there seems little evidence the project will go ahead in 2014 so it may be some years before the station is reopened.

References

External links
 Claydon station on navigable 1946 O. S. map

Disused railway stations in Suffolk
Former Great Eastern Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1846
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1963
1846 establishments in England


Indoor enduro or SuperEnduro which is also known by Endurocross shortened Enduro-X or EX, is a hybrid motorcycle competition, a mix of supercross and enduro racing held indoors over obstacles resembling a trials track.  Super enduro events are typically held in hockey or downsized basketball arenas. Its main difference with supercross is in there being "hard rock sections" and wooden parts (resembling fallen trees) akin to enduro and technical 'trials' courses, rather than tarmac in between jumps.  Tracks incorporate various elements of off-road riding, including rocks, boulders, logs, sand, mud, a water-hole and special obstacles (like giant tires). A Super enduro course is much faster than a trials course and much slower than a supercross course.

History
The indoor enduro debuted in 2000 as a support event to the Barcelona Trial Indoor, organized by Jaime Alguersuari Sr.  The hybrid sport expanded to other European cities in the 2000s.

In 2007, the FIM created the FIM Indoor Enduro World Cup, later named the FIM Indoor Enduro World Championship but now renamed to the FIM SuperEnduro World Championship, which despite the name had only been held in Europe until the 2013/14 season.

Super enduro in the United States was founded by Eric Peronnard, responsible for the US Open of Motocross and the Supercross Paris-Bercy. It was originally held as a one-off event called EnduroCross at the Orleans Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada. The race was expanded into the AMA EnduroCross Championship in 2007.

An AMA EnduroCross round was added to the X Games Los Angeles for the 2011 and 2012 editions. In 2013, the four X Games summer games featured endurocross rounds, and did not award points for the AMA EnduroCross Championship. The X Games endurocross events are also organized by Peronnard.

See also
Hare scramble

Notes

External links
Special Feature: The Endurocross Experience – Motocross.com
History of FIM Indoor Enduro World Championship
AMA National EnduroCross Series

Motorcycle racing by type
Dirt biking


DHL Aviation is a division of DHL responsible for providing air transport capacity. It is not a single airline but a group of airlines that are either owned, co-owned or chartered by DHL Express.

Overview
DHL currently owns six main airlines, which provide services in various global regions:

European Air Transport Leipzig (EAT Leipzig) is responsible for the major part of the network for Europe, and for long-haul services to the Middle East and Africa. It operates a fleet of Boeing and Airbus freighters from its hub at the Leipzig/Halle Airport.
DHL Air UK (DHL Air), acquired by DHL in 1989, is based at East Midlands Airport. Since 2000, it has operated a fleet of Boeing 757 Freighters on intra-European services and a fleet of Boeing 767 freighters, primarily on transatlantic routes.
DHL Aero Expreso is a subsidiary in the Central and South America Hub in Tocumen, Panamá, operating a fleet of Boeing 737-400, 757-200 and 767-300 freighters which also serve destinations in the Caribbean and Florida.
SNAS/DHL (DHL International) handles Middle East destinations from its headquarters and main regional hub at Bahrain International Airport, operating a fleet of Boeing 767 freighters. The fleet is deployed throughout the Middle East and in Africa.
Blue Dart Aviation is based at Chennai International Airport, India, with a fleet of Boeing 757 freighters. It provides services for DHL's Indian network and regional charters.
DHL Air Austria is based at Vienna International Airport, Austria, with a fleet of Boeing 757 freighters.

DHL also owns the following smaller subsidiary airlines:
DHL de Guatemala, Guatemala City
DHL Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador
DHL Aviation South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa, with a fleet of ATR 72-200F operated by Solenta Aviation.

 DHL had stakes in the following airlines, some of which also operate under the DHL brand or livery:

 AeroLogic, Leipzig, Germany (50%).
 Polar Air Cargo, Purchase, New York, United States (49%).
 Tasman Cargo Airlines, Sydney, Australia (49%).
Vensecar Internacional, Caracas, Venezuela (49%).

Former owned airlines:
 Air Hong Kong sold the remaining 40% shares to Cathay Pacific Airways in 2017.

In 2021, DHL Aviation announced the relocation of one of its main hub operations from Bergamo to Milan Malpensa Airport, where it opened new logistics facilities.

Fleet

As of  , the DHL Aviation fleet currently consists of the following aircraft:

See also
 2003 Baghdad DHL attempted shootdown incident
2002 Überlingen mid-air collision
DHL Aero Expreso Flight 7216

References

External links

DHL Express Division - Aviations

DHL
Airline holding companies
Cargo airlines
Transport companies established in 1969


The Beacon – Arnaiz Tower is a residential condominium skyscraper in Makati, Philippines. It is the second of three towers, and part of The Beacon complex. The Beacon was developed by Geo Estate Estate Development Corporation in cooperation with New Pacific Resources Management, Inc. Groundbreaking for the project was on January 28, 2008, while actual construction works for Arnaiz Tower started on May 14, 2008. The building was expected to be opened by 2011. The building was topped-off on June 15, 2012, and has started turn-over of units to its residents by August 2013. The building was officially declared complete by early 2014.

No official height was announced, but Arnaiz Tower has 50 storeys above ground, taller than her two other sister towers, the Roces Tower and the Amorsolo Tower.

The Project Team

The Beacon, including Arnaiz Tower, is owned and developed by Geo Estate Development Corporation and New Pacific Resources Management, Inc. It was designed by Arch. Albert S. Yulocal of architectural firm ASYA Design, an established design company who provided design to dozens of well known residential condominiums. Structural design and consultancy was provided by engineering firm Aromin & Sy + Associates, another established company responsible for structural design of major skyscrapers in the country.

Construction and Project Management services is provided by Asian Technicon Managers & Consultants, Inc., while the general contractor for the project is EEI Corporation, one of the largest construction companies in the country.

Other groups included in the design team are: Asuncion Berenguer Inc. (Interior Design); DL Lagman Engineering (Airconditioning & Ventilation Design); M.A. Alix & Partners (Electrical Design); Figueroa & Associates (Plumbing & Fire Protection Design); Dr. Salvador F. Reyes (Geotechnical & Soils); SMDI Consultants Inc. (Traffic Consultant); DCCD Engineering Corp. (Floor Study Consultant); and Meinhardt Philippines (Elevator Consultant).

Location

The Beacon is located at the corner of Don Chino Roces and Antonio Arnaiz Avenues near the heart of Makati, and is just a few meters away from commercial establishments like Makati Cinema Square and Walter Mart - Makati; Don Bosco Parish and Don Bosco Technical Institute - Makati, and a few blocks away from the  Makati Central Business District.

See also

 The Beacon - Amorsolo Tower
 The Beacon - Roces Tower

References

Skyscrapers in Makati
Residential skyscrapers in Metro Manila
Residential buildings completed in 2012