Process map is a global-system process model that is used to outline the processes that make up the business system and how they interact with each other. Process map shows the processes as objects, which means it is a static and non-algorithmic view of the processes. It should be differentiated from a detailed process model, which shows a dynamic and algorithmic view of the processes, usually known as a process flow diagram. There are different notation standards that can be used for modelling process maps, but the most notable ones are TOGAF Event Diagram, Eriksson-Penker notation, and ARIS Value Added Chain.

Global process models
Global characteristics of the business system are captured by global or system models. Global process models are presented using different methodologies and sometimes under different names. Most notably, they are named process map in Visual Paradigm and MMABP, value-added chain in ARIS, and process diagram in Eriksson-Penker notation – which can easily lead to the confusion with process flow (detailed process model).

Global models are mainly object-oriented and present a static view of the business system, they do not describe dynamic aspects of processes. A process map shows the presence of processes and their mutual relationships. The requirement for the global perspective of the system as a supplementary to the internal process logic description results from the necessity of taking into consideration not only the internal process logic but also its significant surroundings. The algorithmic process model cannot take the place of this perspective since it represents the system model of the process. The detailed process model and the global process model represent different perspectives on the same business system, so these models must be mutually consistent.

A macro process map represents the major processes required to deliver a product or service to the customer. These macro process maps can be further detailed in sub-diagrams. It is often the case that process maps cross different functional areas of the organization.

Process maps are used by many companies to have a holistic view of all processes and the connections between them. Maps help in navigating the sub-processes and make understanding of the organization's operations easier. The process map shows relationships and dependencies between processes and its focus should be on core business processes of the organization.

A process map can be seen as the most abstract level of the process architecture, and it acts as the introduction to the more detailed levels. A process map that is correctly designed is able to provide a general understanding of a company's operations. Designing the process map is an important and strategic step for the organization, and it is followed by further business process modelling implementation.

Context
Methodology for Modelling and Analysis of Business Process (MMABP) is a business process modelling methodology developed at the Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Informatics and Statistics of the Prague University of Economics and Business. The methodology is defined as a “general methodology for modelling business systems using informatics methods and approaches”.

Methodology is used to analyse business processes and to develop a comprehensive model of the system. The goal of developing a model is to be used for process optimization. The model should be created following the characteristics and specifics of the organization in question and following external influences that can affect the organization. The model should be optimal from an economic perspective, but it should also be optimal from a factual perspective, meaning that it should be as simple as possible while maintaining complete functionality.

Business system modelling is based on a two-dimensional approach:

 Real World structure (substance) – set of objects and their relationships
 Real World behaviour – set of mutually connected business processes

Additionally, there are also two views of the systems:

 Global view of the system
 Detailed view of the system's parts

This results in the need to model the system from four different perspectives in order to achieve the complete and comprehensive view of the business system. MMABP also proposes which notation languages can be used for modelling each perspective, and it also suggests some improvements to the notation languages in order to fit the purpose.

 Global view of the objects – Conceptual model (Class diagram)
 Detailed view of the objects – Object life cycle (State Chart)
 Global view of the processes – Process map (Eriksson-Penker Diagram/TOGAF Event Diagram/ARIS VAC)
 Detailed view of the processes – Model of the process flow (BPMN Diagram)
 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is additional diagram used for describing the required functionalities of the information system.

Notation standards

Eriksson-Penker Diagram
Eriksson-Penker diagram is a tool used in business model analysis and design. It is named after Hans-Erik Eriksson and Magnus Penker, who developed the concept in their book "Business modelling with UML: Business Patterns at Work”.

Eriksson-Penker diagrams are used to map out the key components of a business model and how they interact with one another. The diagrams typically consist of a series of boxes and lines that represent the different elements of the business model, such as the value proposition, customer segments, channels, revenue streams, and key resources. The lines between the boxes represent the relationships and dependencies between the different elements of the business model. These diagrams are useful for visualizing and understanding the various components of a business model, and can help organizations identify potential areas for improvement or areas of risk. They can also be used as a communication tool to help stakeholders understand the business model and its underlying assumptions.

These diagrams are useful for visualizing and understanding the various components of a business model, and can help organizations identify potential areas for improvement or areas of risk. They can also be used as a communication tool to help stakeholders understand the business model and its underlying assumptions. It is possible to use Eriksson-Penker diagrams to create a global process view of a business. In this case, a diagram would be used to map out the key processes and activities that are involved in the business, as well as the relationships and dependencies between these processes. For example, an Eriksson-Penker diagram could be used to depict the various steps involved in the product development process, from concept development to market launch. It could also be used to show how different functions within the organization, such as marketing, sales, and production, interact and depend on one another to support the overall business.

Eriksson-Penker diagram is one of the most popular de facto standards that can be used for an object-oriented global view of business processes. It is developed as an extension of the UML, and it is often used together with the BPMN to compensate for the lack of possibility to model the global view with this widely accepted standard.

TOGAF Event Diagram
TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) is a framework for enterprise architecture that provides a common language and set of standards for designing, planning, implementing, and governing an enterprise's IT architecture. TOGAF event diagrams are diagrams used in the TOGAF framework to represent the flow of events within a system or process.

The TOGAF Event Diagram is a visual representation of the events within an organization or system. It can be used to show the sequence of events that occur in a particular process, as well as the relationships between the events and the stakeholders involved. TOGAF Event Diagrams can be useful in creating a global process view because they provide a visual representation of the events, which can be helpful in understanding how the process fits into the larger context of the organization.

TOGAF Event Diagram is the most perspective standard for the system view of processes today. It is used to represent the system of processes as well as their connections to the functional organizational structure.

ARIS Value Added Chain
ARIS (Architecture of Integrated Information Systems) is a methodology and a set of tools for designing and managing business processes. It is based on the idea that business processes are the core of an organization and that they can be modelled and optimized to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The ARIS methodology provides a framework for understanding and analysing business processes, as well as for designing and implementing improvements to those processes. It includes a set of graphical modelling languages and tools for creating process models, as well as a database for storing and managing process information.

In the context of the ARIS methodology, a value added chain (VAC) diagram is a specific type of process model that is created using the ARIS modelling languages and tools. The ARIS methodology recognizes the distinction between a global view of the system of processes and a detailed view of one process. VAC notation can be used in ARIS for modelling the global view.

Model consistency
Business process models should be consistent, both within a single model and in terms of mutual consistency with other models. Consistency applies to both global (Process Map) and detailed (Process Diagram) views. In order to be considered consistent, models should satisfy two consistency criteria: completeness and correctness.

In terms of a single model, business process models should be:

 Complete – A process must be defined for every product, and all relevant events must be used as action reasoning in at least one model.
 Correct – Process aim must be met by the process. Process actions and their sequence, inputs, outputs, and all other process properties must be valid for all potential process instances.

In terms of mutual consistency with other models, business process models should be:

 Consistency between the class diagram and business process model relates to the correctness and completeness of object roles. All object classes have to be mentioned in business processes as some external factor, and the other way around too.
 Consistency between the state chart and business process model relates to the correctness and completeness of actions. Every action from business process must have at least one equivalent state transition in state chart, and the other way around too.
 Consistency between all diagrams (class diagram, state chart, and business process models) relates to the correctness and completeness of reasons. Every event that represents a reason for transitioning between states in the state chart should have an equivalent event that represents a reason for the process activity in the business process model, and the other way around too.

References

Business process modelling
Diagrams
Process engineering
Scientific modelling
Software engineering


The 22177/22178 Mahanagari Express is an express train, belonging to Indian Railways, that runs between Mumbai CSMT and  in India. It operates as train number 22177 from Mumbai CSMT to Varanasi Junction and as train number 22178 in the reverse direction. Mahanagri Express is converted ICF coaches into LHB coaches in year 2023.

Coach composition

The train consists of 22 coaches:

 1 AC II Tier
 2 AC III Tier
 14 Sleeper coaches
 4 General
 2 Second-class Luggage/parcel van

Traction

Mumbai CSMT–Varanasi Junction: BSL/ET WAP-4

As Indian Railways completed its 100%  Electric conversion on this route it is now regularly hauled by Itarsi or Bhusawal-based WAP-4 from Mumbai CSMT to Varanasi Junction

Rake sharing arrangement

It has no RSA with any trains.

Timetable

22177- Leaves Mumbai CSMT at night 12:10 AM and reaches Varanasi next day morning 4:40 AM IST
22178- Leaves Varanasi Jn every day at 11:20 AM IST and reaches Mumbai CSMT next day at afternoon 2:15 PM IST.

Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:

  Central

 Nashik Road

Mahanagari ExpressMahanagari Express

References

Named passenger trains of India
Rail transport in Maharashtra
Rail transport in Madhya Pradesh
Passenger trains originating from Varanasi
Transport in Mumbai
Railway services introduced in 1981
Express trains in India


Andrew Davidson (born April 12, 1969) is a Canadian novelist from Winnipeg, Manitoba.  Born in Pinawa, Manitoba, he graduated with a B.A. in English literature from the University of British Columbia in 1991, and worked as a teacher in Japan before returning to Canada.
He has so far published just one novel, The Gargoyle, a psychological thriller about love, religion, mental illness and medieval history, for which he received an unprecedented advance of $1.25 million.

References

External links

1969 births
Living people
Canadian male novelists
Writers from Manitoba
People from Eastman Region, Manitoba
Writers from Winnipeg


Jones v Lipman [1962] 1 WLR 832 is a UK company law case concerning piercing the corporate veil. It exemplifies the principal case in which the veil will be lifted, that is, when a company is used as a "mere facade" concealing the "true facts", which essentially means it is formed to avoid a pre-existing obligation.

Facts
Mr Lipman contracted to sell a house at 3 Fairlawn Avenue, Chiswick, Middlesex (now Ealing W4), to Mr Jones for £5,250. He changed his mind and refused to complete. To try to avoid a specific performance order, he conveyed it to a company formed for that purpose alone, which he alone owned and controlled.

Judgment
Russell J ordered specific performance against Mr Lipman and formed company.

See also

UK company law

Notes

References

United Kingdom company case law
United Kingdom corporate personality case law
High Court of Justice cases
1962 in case law
1962 in British law


Roots Of Style is Toshinori Yonekura's 12th original studio album. The album was recorded in New York City with producer "Prince Charles" Alexander.

Track list

Personnel
 Toshinori Yonekura - Vocals, background vocals
 Prince Charles Alexander - Production, drum programming
 Cliff "Big Daddy" Branch - Keyboards, drum programming
 Elai Tubo - drum programming
 Ira Siegel - Guitar
 Fulani Hart - Keyboards
 Shindigg - Bass

Production
 Executive Producer - Toshinori Yonekura
 Producer - Prince Charles Alexander, Fulani Hart
 Co-Producer - Cliff "Big Daddy" Branch
 Vocal arrangement - Toshinori Yonkeura
 Mastering - Chris Gehringer
 Art Direction - Tomoaki Sakai
 Design: Azusa Irie
 Styling - Shuhei Yomo, Ryohei Oasa
 Hair & Make-Up - Toshinori Yonekura
 Photography - Takayuki Okada

Charts

Album - Oricon Sales Chart (Japan)

References

Toshinori Yonekura albums
2002 albums


Kačina is a significant Empire style castle in Svatý Mikuláš in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. In 1945, it was designated a national property.

History

Kačina was built from 1806 to 1824 in place of the defunct medieval village of Kačín as a prestige mansion of the supreme burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia and president of the governorate, Jan Rudolf Chotek (1748–1824). The architectural scheme was drawn up by Saxon royal architect Christian Franz Schuricht (1753–1832) from Dresden. In the last few years of construction, Johann Philipp Jöndl (1782–1870) also controlled the construction. He also eminently influenced the final appearance of the castle.

Functionally, the castle is divided into three parts. The main (central) building with exquisite halls was the residence of the family, with two-quarter circle adjacent lower wings with pillared colonnades where the guest rooms were situated. To those wings were connected other pavilions. On the right one is situated the mansion's chapel and theatre, which were finished in the first half of the 19th century. On the left one, there is an extensive library dating from the 16th to 19th century.

The castle is surrounded by a vast park that was founded already in 1789, according to the plan of famous Viennese botanist Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727–1817). It was completed thirteen years earlier than the castle itself.

External links

Website of Czech castles

Kutná Hora District
Castles in the Czech Republic
Castles in the Central Bohemian Region
Museums in the Central Bohemian Region
Historic house museums in the Czech Republic
National Cultural Monuments of the Czech Republic
Palace theatres


Weller at the BBC is a 2008 live compilation of Paul Weller's BBC performances recorded between 1990 and 2008. Four physical versions were released: a 4-disc CD box set, a 2-disc CD set of highlights, 3-disc LP set and a DVD plus a 13-disc download-only version with 188 tracks from iTunes.

Track listing

4-disc box set
Disc 1:
Fly on the Wall (Johnnie Walker – Live 5.9.92)
Pink on White Walls
Amongst Butterflies
Wild Wood (Saturday Sequence – Johnnie Walker – 2.10.93)
Hung Up
Out of the Sinking (band version)
Clues
Whirlpools' End (Lunchtime Show – Emma Freud – 26.10.94)
Out of the Sinking (acoustic version) (Lunchtime Show – 1.11.1994)
Broken Stones (band version)
Time Passes
The Changingman
I Walk on Gilded Splinters (Evening Session – 8.5.95)
Broken Stones (acoustic version)
You Do Something To Me (Simon Mayo – 12.9.95)
Brushed
Peacock Suit
Up in Suzes' Room
Friday Street
Mermaids
The Poacher (Evening Session Live – 10.6.97)

Disc 2:
Driving Nowhere (Mark Goodier – 23.11.97)
Friday Street (acoustic version) (BBC Radio 4 Kaleidoscope – Live in the Studio 19.9. 97)
Science (BBC Radio 1 Jo Wiley – 1997)
Wishing on a Star
Thinking of You (BBC Radio 2 The Drivetime Show With Johnnie Walker – 1.9.04)
Corrina, Corrina
Early Morning Rain
Foot of the Mountain (Mark Lamarr For Jonathan Ross – 8.1.05)
To The Start of Forever
Out of the Sinking (BBC Radio 2 Janice Long – 4.3.05)
Paper Smile
Come On/Let's Go (The Drivetime Show With Stuart Maconie – 28.7.05)
Amongst Butterflies
Frightened
That's Entertainment (Mark Lamarr: Sold on Song – 11.2.06)
All I Wanna Do (Is Be With You)
Cold Moments
Push It Along
Pretty Flamingo (Mark Lamarr: God's Jukebox – 5.7.08)

Disc 3:
My Ever Changing Moods (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
A Man of Great Promise (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Kosmos (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Speak Like a Child (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Just Like Yesterday (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Work To Do (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Pity Poor Alfie (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
What's Goin On (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Uh Huh Oh Yeh! (Always There To Fool You!) (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Hercules (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Bull-Rush / Magic Bus (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Above The Clouds (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Everything Has A Price To Pay (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Headstart For Happiness (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Into Tomorrow (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Porcelain Gods (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
Stanley Road (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
Can You Heal Us (Holy Man) (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)

Disc 4:
Shadow of the Sun (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
I Walk on Gilded Splinters w/ Noel Gallagher (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
Out of the Sinking (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Hung Up (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Sunflower (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Broken Stones (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Fly on the Wall (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Tales From the Riverbank (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Peacock Suit (London Victoria Park 08.08.1998)
Heavy Soul (London Victoria Park 08.08.1998)
Science (London Victoria Park 08.08.1998)
I Didn't Mean To Hurt You (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)
Brand New Start (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)
Wild Wood (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)
Friday Street (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)
The Changingman (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)

2-disc Highlights
Disc 1:
Fly on the Wall
Wild Wood
Hung Up
Clues
Out of the Sinking
Broken Stones
You Do Something To Me
Brushed
Peacock Suit
The Poacher
Driving Nowhere
Friday Street
Thinking of You
Corrina, Corrina
Early Morning Rain
To The Start of Forever
Come On/Let's Go
Amongst Butterflies
That's Entertainment
All I Wanna Do (Is Be With You)
Push It Along
Pretty Flamingo

Disc 2:
My Ever Changing Moods (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Kosmos (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
Just Like Yesterday (Town and Country Club 05.12.1990)
What's Goin On (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Everything Has A Price To Pay (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Headstart For Happiness (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Into Tomorrow (London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992)
Can You Heal Us (Holy Man) (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
Shadow of the Sun (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
I Walk on Gilded Splinters w/ Noel Gallagher (Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995)
Sunflower (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Tales From The Riverbank (Finsbury Park 09.06.1996)
Peacock Suit (London Victoria Park 08.08.1998)
Science (London Victoria Park 08.08.1998)
I Didn't Mean To Hurt You (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)
Brand New Start (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)
The Changingman (BBC Radio Theatre 09.11.1998)

DVD

13-Disc Digital Download Edition

Disc 2

Reason to Believe (Gary Crowley Greater London Radio 16 May 1995)	2:16
Black Sheep Boy (Gary Crowley Greater London Radio 16 May 1995)	2:12
Fly on the Wall (Gary Crowley Greater London Radio 16 May 1995)	3:30
Broken Stones (Simon Mayo – Recorded 31 August 1995 Transmitted 8/5/1995)	2:29
You Do Something to Me (Simon Mayo – Recorded 31 August 1995 Transmitted 8/5/1995)	3:23
Porcelain Gods (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 – Greather London Radio)	5:07
Peacock Suit (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 Greater London Radio)	3:27
All the Pictures on the Wall (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 – Greather London Radio)	3:47
Foot of the Mountain (Gary Crowley Greater London Radio 29 July 1996)	4:52
Up in Suzes' Room (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 – Greather London Radio)	4:26
The Circle (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 – Greather London Radio)	2:31
Driving Nowhere (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 – Greather London Radio)	2:58
I Shall Be Released (Gary Crowley Show 29 July 1996 – Greather London Radio)	3:02
As You Lean into the Light (Greater London Radio 24 April 1997)	2:45
Brushed (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	3:46
Peacock Suit (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	3:04
Up in Suzes' Room (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	4:35
Friday Street (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	2:30
Mermaids (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	3:12
The Poacher (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	3:15
Heavy Soul, Pt. 1 & 2 (Evening Session – Live 10/6/1997)	7:42

Disc 3

Driving Nowhere (Mark Goodier – Transmitted 23 November 1997)	2:49
Waiting on an Angel (Mark Goodier Transmitted 23.11.97)	3:58
Friday Street (Kaledoscope Live in the Studio 19 September 1997)	2:30
Science (Jo Whiley Recorded 1997)	3:34
Wishing on a Star (The Drivetime Show With Johnnie Walker Date 1/9/2004)	3:29
Thinking of You (The Drivetime Show With Johnnie Walker Date 1/9/2004)	3:10
Corrina, Corrina (Mark Lamarr For Jonathan Ross 8/1/2005)	2:26
Early Morning Rain (Mark Lamarr For Jonathan Ross 8/1/2005)	3:59
Foot of the Mountain (Mark Lamarr For Jonathan Ross 8/1/2005)	3:20
Early Morning Rain (Janice Long 4/3/2005)	3:49
To the Start of Forever (Janice Long 4/3/2005)	4:24
Out of the Sinking (Janice Long 4/3/2005)	3:07
Paper Smile (The Drivetime Show With Stuart Maconie)	3:01
Come On / Let's Go (The Drivetime Show With Stuart Maconie)	3:00
Roll Along Summer (Jonathan Ross 10/6/2006)	3:42
I Wanna Make It Alright (Jonathan Ross 10/6/2006)	3:35
All I Wanna Do (Is Be With You)	4:07
Cold Moments (Mark Lamarr – God's Jukebox 5/7/2008)	4:56
Push It Along (Mark Lamarr – God's Jukebox 5/7/2008)	2:48
Pretty Flamingo (Mark Lamarr – God's Jukebox 5/7/2008)	2:41

Disc 4 – London Town and Country Club 05.12.1990

My Ever Changing Moods 5:50
A Man of Great Promise 2:25
Round & Round 4:41
Kosmos 6:43
Homebreakers 5:49
The Strange Museum 3:29
The Whole Point II 2:43
Speak Like a Child 2:56
Just Like Yesterday 5:35
Precious 3:54
Headstart for Happiness 3:22
Work to Do 2:55
Pity Poor Alfie 3:22

Disc 5 – London Royal Albert Hall 13.10.1992 Disc 1

What's Goin On? 4:00
Uh Huh Oh Yeh! (Always There to Fool You!) 3:35
Man in the Corner Shop 3:22
(When You) Call Me 3:31
Hercules 4:05
Bull-Rush / Magic Bus 5:12
Round & Round 4:04
Above the Clouds 4:00
Arrival Time 8:27
Everything Has a Price to Pay 3:34

Disc 7 – Phoenix Festival 13.07.1995

The Changingman	3:59
Hung Up 2:44
Has My Fire Really Gone Out? 3:44
Whirlpools' End 6:04
Uh Huh Oh Yeh! 3:09
Out of the Sinking 3:43
I Didn't Mean to Hurt You 3:55
Porcelain Gods 6:40
Stanley Road 4:12
You Do Something to Me 3:33
Can You Heal Us (Holy Man) 4:05
Shadow of the Sun 8:42
Sunflower 3:58
Into Tomorrow 3:15
Broken Stones 3:07
Woodcutter's Son 5:41
The Swamp Song feat. Noel Gallagher 2:46
I Walk on Gilded Splinters feat. Noel Gallagher 3:58

Disc 8 – London Finsbury Park 09.06.1996

The Changingman 3:56
I Walk on Gilded Splinters 4:18
Out of the Sinking 3:32
Hung Up 2:41
Sunflower 4:02
Broken Stones 3:26
Fly on the Wall 3:19
Wild Wood 3:33
Tales from the Riverbank 3:22
Foot of the Mountain 5:04
You Do Something to Me 3:32
Can You Heal Us (Holy Man) 4:08
Woodcutter's Son 5:30
Whirlpools' End 7:48

Disc 9 – Cardiff 11.05.1997

I Walk on Gilded Splinters 4:19
Peacock Suit 2:55
Porcelain Gods 7:00
Heavy Soul 7:10
Broken Stones 3:21
Friday Street 2:26
The Changingman 3:30
Woodcutter's Son 6:06
Mermaids 3:06
Sunflower 4:01
Into Tomorrow 3:22

Disc 10 – London Victoria Park 08.08.1998Tracks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 17 were previously released as part of Modern Greats the best of Paul Weller in 1998 on the bonus Live CD Live Classics. Also broadcast as a highlights set on Lamacq Live.

Into Tomorrow 3:30
Peacock Suit 2:58
Friday Street 2:22
Mermaids 3:10
Sunflower 4:00
Out of the Sinking 3:37
Science 3:54
Heavy Soul 8:09
As You Lean into the Light 2:59
Wild Wood 3:43
Up in Suzes' Room 4:42
Can You Heal Us (Holy Man)
The Changingman 3:34
Porcelain Gods 5:26
Woodcutter's Son 5:23
I Walk on Gilded Splinters w/ Noel Gallagher 4:21
Broken Stones 3:44

References

BBC Radio recordings
2008 live albums
2008 compilation albums
2008 video albums
Live video albums
Paul Weller live albums
Paul Weller video albums
Universal Records compilation albums
Universal Records live albums
Universal Records video albums


is a railway station in Chikugo, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, operated by JR Kyushu.

Lines
The station is served by the Kagoshima Main Line and is located 129.7 km from the starting point of the line at .

In addition, the station is served by the Kyūshū Shinkansen and is located 47.9 km from the starting point of the line at . All Tsubame services and some Sakura services stop at the station.

Layout
The station is actually two separate facilities which share a common forecourt. The Kagoshima Main Line station, located slightly to the west, consists  has two side platforms serving two tracks at grade. The station building, a modern concrete structure houses a waiting room, and a ticket window. Access to the opposite side platform is by means of a footbridge which is equipped with elevators. There is a tourism information centre located at the entrance to the station.

Management of the Kagoshima Main Line station has been outsourced to the JR Kyushu Tetsudou Eigyou Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of JR Kyushu specialising in station services. It staffs the ticket counter which is equipped with a Midori no Madoguchi facility.

The Shinkansen station is located across the forecourt to the east of the conventional station, connected by a sheltered walkway. This station consists of a side and an island platform, designated as platforms 11, 12 and 13, serving three elevated tracks. The station building is built into the elevated structure and houses a waiting area and a ticket window staffed by JR Kyushu. Access to the platforms is by steps, escalators of elevators.

Platforms

History
The station was opened by Japanese Government Railways (JGR) on 20 July 1928 with the name  as an additional station on the existing Kagoshima Main Line track. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor of JGR, on 1 April 1987, JR Kyushu took over control of the station. With the inauguration of the Kyushu Shinkansen service to the station, the station building was moved 500 metres south and reopened with new Shinkansen platforms on 12 March 2011 and renamed Chikugo-Funangoya. The location of the old station was converted into a maintenance depot.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 1,049 passengers daily (boarding passengers only), and it ranked 159th among the busiest stations of JR Kyushu.

See also
 Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen#History
 List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links
Chikugo-funagoya Station (JR Kyushu)

Railway stations in Fukuoka Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1928


Charles Pierre Claret, comte de Fleurieu (  ) (2 July 1738, Lyon – 18 August 1810) was a French Navy officer, explorer, hydrographer and politician. He served as Minister of the Navy under Louis XVI, and was a member of the Institut de France. He was brother to botanist Marc Antoine Louis Claret de La Tourrette.

Life

Ancien Regime
Fleurieu was born in Lyon. He joined the Navy on 31 October 1755 at Toulon as a Garde-marine, aged just 13 and a half. He subsequently took part in the campaigns of the Seven Years' War— which ended in 1763— participating in the battles of Mahon, Lagos, and Les Sablettes and rising to brigadier in the gardes de la marine company, and then enseigne de vaisseau. In suggesting de Fleurieu's promotion to ensign, on 23 March 1762, the Minister wrote to the king:

On 1 July 1765 he was made Enseigne de port, and on 27 July he went to Paris to study horology with Ferdinand Berthoud.

He took part in a one-year sea campaign to test Berthoud's first marine chronometer, in an attempt to beat Britain in the race to find a reliable way to calculate longitude. The chronometers he thus refined with Ferdinand Berthoud for their later experiments were the object of major struggles with the king's horologer, Pierre Le Roy. Finally Claret de Fleurieu and Berthoud were entrusted with the task, setting out on the testing expedition from autumn 1768 to 11 October 1769 on the corvette Isis under Fleurieu's command.  The chronometers almost invariably indicated the hour as accurately after the ship had left port, as if they were still on land.  Knowing the actual local time at each present location by astronomy, they could easily determine the ship's exact position and longitude on a chart.  The results of their observations was published in 1773 under the title Voyage fait par ordre du roi, pour éprouver les horloges marines ("Voyage made by order of the king, to test marine chronometers"). We can also cite among his major works le Neptune du Nord or l'Atlas du Cattegat et de la Baltique, an atlas of the Kattegat and the Baltic Sea that took him 25 years.

Made lieutenant de vaisseau on 1 October 1773, then deputy inspector of naval charts and plans, he also became deputy inspector of the naval academy on 15 May 1776. He was presented to the king and named capitaine de vaisseau on 5 December 1776 and soon afterwards director of ports and arsenals in January 1777, a post heading the fleet's organization of matériel, works and movements created specially for him by Louis XVI and one he held for 15 years.  In it he directed nearly all planning for naval operations in the 1778-83 war against England as part of France's involvement in the American Revolutionary War, as well as all the French voyages of discovery such as that of La Pérouse.

French Revolution
The king made him Ministre de la Marine et des Colonies on 26 October 1790.  He and the king wanted to separate the naval and colonial ministries, but the Assemblée nationale thought otherwise, and he resigned on 15 April 1791.  Later that year he was made guardian of the Dauphin, later Louis XVII.  He remained in the Tuileries on 10 August 1792, in support of Louis XVI right up until the critical point, but fortunately for him the revolutionaries did not discover this.  In the midst of the Reign of Terror, in September 1793, Charles Pierre was arrested due to a letter of recommendation Louis XVI had sent to the Assemblée nationale, published in the Universal Monitor on 17 April 1791, in which he first demanded Charles' nomination as the Dauphin's governor.  He remained imprisoned with his wife in the Madelonnettes for 14 months; they were finally released to find their homes, furniture, lands and resources dispersed and destroyed.  A letter to the section des piques in the prison. discovered in Robespierre's house. speaks of a first arrest, which may suggest Charles was arrested several times and transferred from prison to prison. After the fall of Robespierre he was made a member of the Bureau des longitudes and of the Institut after M. de Bougainville's resignation in 1795. In 1797 (year V) he was elected deputy for the Seine in the Council of Ancients under the name Claret-Fleurieu. He remained so until the coup d'état of 18 Fructidor when he was excluded from the council.  He was elected a member of the Conseil d'État on 24 December 1799.

First French Empire
On 30 September 1800, as Minister Plenipotentiary, he signed a treaty of friendship and commerce between France and the United States at Morfontaine, alongside Joseph Bonaparte.  A member of the Council of State in 1800, he presided over its naval section and was interim Minister of the Navy several times during 1803 and 1804. He was named Quartermaster General of the emperor Napoleon's household and of the Imperial civil list on 10 July 1804.

On 24 July 1805 he was elected a member of the Sénat conservateur and made a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor. On 1 August 1805, he was made Governor of the Tuileries and the Louvre, taking the oath before the Emperor on 8 September that year.  On 2 February 1806 he was elected one of the seven senators who composed the Council of Administration within the Senate for that year. In 1808 he was made Councilor of State for life and an Imperial Count. On 7 September of that same year, Napoleon put him in charge of the investigation into the French defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar.

He died in Paris from a devastating cerebral hemorrhage, a few seconds after embracing his two daughters.  Napoleon rewarded his services by giving him a state funeral and having his remains transferred to the Panthéon.

Marriage and issue
At 54 he married Aglaé-Françoise Deslacs d'Arcambal; they had one son who died young, Caroline (Madame de Saint-Ouen, from whom his descendants trace their line) and a second daughter.

Works

 Mémoires sur la construction des navires, 1763 ;
 Histoire générale des navigations de tous les peuples ;
 Examen critique d'un mémoire publié par Mr Leroy, horloger du roi, sur l'épreuve des horloges propres à déterminer les longitudes en mer, et sur les principes de leur construction, London and Paris.
 Voyage entrepris en 1768 et 1769 pour éprouver les horloges marines  (2 vols., Paris, 1773);
 Une carte du grand Océan Atlantique, 1776 ;
  Découvertes des Français en 1768 et 1769 dans le sud-est de la Nouvelle-Guinée, et reconnaissance postérieure des mêmes terres par des navigateurs anglais qui leur ont imposé de nouveaux noms ; précédées de l'abrégé historique des navigations et des découvertes des Espagnols dans les mêmes parages, Paris, 1790, with 12 maps
 Longitude exacte des divers points des Antilles, et de l'Amérique du Nord (1773);
 Les Antilles, leur flore et faune (1774);
 Le Neptune Américo-septentrional, 1780 ;
 Découvertes des Français dans le Sud Est de la Nouvelle-Guinée en 1768 et 1769, Paris, 1790 ;
 Précis de l'affaire relative à la dénonciation de Fleurieu, ministre de la marine, par un commis de la marine, Paris, 1791.
  Voyage autour du monde par Étienne Marchand, précédé d'une introduction historique ; auquel on a joint des recherches sur les terres australes de Drake, et un examen critique de voyage de Roggeween, avec cartes et figures, Paris, years VI-VIII, 4 vol.
 Vol I (Archive.org)
 Vol II (Archive.org)
 Vol III (Archive.org)
 Vol IV (Archive.org)
 Le Neptune des mers du Nord, 1794.
 Histoire des aventuriers espagnols, qui conquérirent l'Amérique (1800).
  Sous sa direction, rédaction par Rigobert Bonne du Neptune américo-septentrional, 1778-1780, et par Buache du Neptune du Cattégat et de la Baltique, 65 f., 1809
 He also revised Jean Nicolas Demeunier's 1775 translation of Voyage de Phipps au pôle boréal, and edited the Notes géographiques et historiques printed with accounts of La Pérouse's voyage.
 He died before finishing his Histoire générale des Navigations.

He also edited the Voyage autour du monde which was written in 1790 and 1792 by Étienne Marchand, year VI (1798).

Namesakes
 the Fleurieu Peninsula to the south of Adelaide in Australia was named after him by the French explorer Nicolas Baudin as he mapped the south coast of Australia in 1802.
 an island (discovered in 1798 by Matthew Flinders, then explored by Louis Claude de Saulces de Freycinet) at the northwest extremity of Tasmania was also named after him.

Sources

 "M. le Comte de Fleurieu" by M. Frédéric Chassériau
 Archives nationales, 2 JJ 92 à 103. – Fastes de la Légion d'Honneur.
 Delambre, Notice sur la vie et les ouvrages de M. le comte de Fleurieu. –
 Discours sur Fleurieu par Raillon, 1810.
 Notice sur Fleurieu par Salverte, s. d. et par. Chassériau, 1856.
 Archives biographiques françaises, I, 403, p. 354-377
 Bulletin des voyages, de la géographie et de l'histoire, N° XXXVI, p. 373, by Eusèbe Salverte --
 Annales des voyages, de la géographie et de l'histoire, vol. 4 of the 3rd subscription, and 12th of the collection. Article from the bulletin signé Eusèbe Salverte.
 Annales maritimes coloniales, p. 85-102, by the Chevalier Delambre. Recueilli par M. Bajot.
 Journal de l'armée navale, journal "le moniteur", Archives nationale de la marine.
 Biographie nouvelle des contemporains [1787-1820] de Antoine-Vincent Arnault page 170-171
 Dernières années du règne et de la vie de Louis XVI, de François Hue, René Du Ménil de Maricourt, Henri de L'Epinois (p. 328-329)
 La vie et les mémoires du général Dumouriez, de Charles François Du Périer Dumouriez, p. 175-177.
 Mémoires secrets pour servir à l'histoire de la dernière année du règne de Louis XVI, d'Antoine François Bertrand de Moleville
 Nouvelle biographie générale depuis les temps les plus reculés à nos jours, par P. Levot
 Mémoires inédits de madame la comtesse de Genlis pour servir à l'histoire des XVIIIème et XIXème siècles.

External links

  Family site
  His genealogy on Geneanet de samlap

1738 births
1810 deaths
Military personnel from Lyon
French explorers
French hydrographers
Scientists from Lyon
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Burials at the Panthéon, Paris
Counts of the First French Empire
Members of the Sénat conservateur
Ministers of Marine and the Colonies
French Navy admirals
Members of the Council of Five Hundred
French military personnel of the American Revolutionary War
French military personnel of the Seven Years' War
Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour


Human influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is a surface glycoprotein required for the infectivity of the human influenza virus. The HA-tag is derived from the HA-molecule corresponding to amino acids 98-106. HA-tag has been extensively used as a general epitope tag in expression vectors.
 Many recombinant proteins have been engineered to express the HA-tag, which does not generally appear to interfere with the bioactivity or the biodistribution of the recombinant protein. This tag facilitates the detection, isolation and purification of the protein of interest.

The HA-tag is not suitable for detection or purification of proteins from apoptotic cells since it is cleaved by Caspase-3 and / or Caspase-7 after its sequence DVPD, causing it to lose its immunoreactivity. Labeling of endogenous proteins with HA-tag using CRISPR was recently accomplished in-vivo in differentiated neurons.

Sequence
The DNA sequences for the HA-tag include: 5'-TAC-CCA-TAC-GAT-GTT-CCA-GAT-TAC-GCT-3' or 5'-TAT-CCA-TAT-GAT-GTT-CCA-GAT-TAT-GCT-3'. The resulting amino acid sequence is YPYDVPDYA (Tyr-Pro-Tyr-Asp-Val-Pro-Asp-Tyr-Ala).

See also

 Protein tag
 SpyTag

References

Further reading

Biochemistry detection methods
Biochemical separation processes
Influenza A virus
Viral structural proteins


What Kind of World is the debut album from Jamaican vocal trio The Cables. It was released in 1970 by Studio One, and collects tracks from singles the group recorded for the label. Backing was provided by Studio One house band the Soul Vendors, which included musicians such as Jackie Mittoo, Eric Frater, and Leroy Sibbles. The album has been described as "a masterpiece of early reggae", and "the most perfect of Studio One vocal albums".

The album was re-issued on CD in 1991 by Heartbeat Records.

Track listing
"Baby Why"
"Be a Man"
"What Am I to Do"
"Got to Find Someone"
"No New Love"
"What Kind of World"
"My Broken Heart"
"Cheer Up"
"Let Them Talk"
"Love Is a Pleasure"

References

External links
The Cables - What Kind of World, Roots Archives

1970 debut albums
The Cables albums
Heartbeat Records albums


Class 74 may refer to:
NSB Class 74, a Norwegian passenger train.
 British Rail Class 74, a British electro-diesel locomotive
 DRG Class 74, a class of German 2-6-0 passenger tank locomotives operated by the Deutsche Reichsbahn comprising:
 Class 74.0-3: Prussian T 11, PKP Class OKi1
 Class 74.3: LBE T 10
 Class 74.4-13: Prussian T 12, PKP Class OKi2, SNCB 69, SNCF 130 TC
 Class 74.66: various locomotives taken over by the East German Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1949
 Class 74.67: ditto


Adaviravulapadu is a village in Nandigama mandal, located in NTR district of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Demographics
According to 2011 Census of India, the village has a population of 2,101: 1038 female and 1063 male.

References

Villages in NTR district


The 12533 / 12534 Pushpak Express is a Superfast category train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between  and Mumbai in India. It operates as train number 12533 from Lucknow Junction to Mumbai CSMT and as train number 12534 in the reverse direction.

It is named after the mythological flying chariot Pushpak which is mentioned as the chariot of Ravana.

Service

The 12533/12534 Pushpak Express covers the distance of 1426 kilometres in 25 hours 15 mins as 12533 Pushpak Express and maintains an average speed of 56 km/h and 1428 km in 22 hours 45 mins as 12534 Pushpak Express with an average speed of 63 km/h.

As the average speed of the train is more than 55 km/h, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge.

Locomotive

Prior to June 2014, it was hauled by 3 locomotives during its journey. A WDM-3A locomotive from either Lucknow or Jhansi shed hauled the train from  to  after which a Bhusawal-based WAP-4 hauled the train until  following which a WCAM-3 powered the train for the remainder of the journey until Mumbai CSMT.

With progressive electrification of the Lucknow–Jhansi sector, Bhusawal-based WAP-4 began hauling the train until from Lucknow Junction to Igatpuri, following which a WCAM-3 took over for the remainder of the journey until Mumbai CSMT.

With Central Railway completing the changeover of 1500 V DC traction to 25 kV AC traction on 6 June 2015, the train was to hauled by WAP-4 but from 2016, this train is now end to end hauled by Ajni-based WAP-7 locomotive .

Coaches
As with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.Now from 30 October 2021 this train has been upgraded to new brand LHB coach up and down.

 SLR consists of Luggage coach
 Gen consists of Unreserved coaches
 H consists of First Class AC 1 coach
 A consists of AC 2 Tier coach
 M consists of AC 3 Tier Economy coach
 S consists of Non-AC Sleeper coach

Routing

The 12533/34 Pushpak Express runs via , , ,  ,Nashik Road  to Mumbai CST.

See also
Bandra Terminus–Lucknow Weekly Express
Pune–Lucknow Express

References

 http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/dc-to-ac-conversion-on-mumbais-central-railways-rail-route-completed/articleshow/47582271.cms

External links

Passenger trains originating from Lucknow
Transport in Mumbai
Named passenger trains of India
Rail transport in Maharashtra
Rail transport in Madhya Pradesh
Express trains in India


Tjupi Band is a Central Australian Indigenous band from the community of Papunya, Northern Territory. They sing in Luritja and English and play desert reggae. The lineup changes depending on who is available and can include Kumunjay Daniels, Sammy Butcher, Jeremiah Butcher, Jason Butcher (from Spin.FX), Malcolm Karpa (from Spin.FX), Esau Marshall (from Spin.FX), Dwayne Abbott, Ethan McDonald, Samuel Inkamala, Desmond Inkamala, George Butcher, Leslie Pearce, keanu Nelson(tjupi band back up vocals) and Peter Lowson. Tjupi Band were featured on an episode of triple j tv's The Hack Half Hour which covered an annual Alice Springs concert, the Bush Bands Bash and won a spot at Triple J's One Night Stand concert in Alice Springs.

Discography
Kuunyi (Poor Thing) (2004) – CAAMA
Kutju Ngarala (2008) – CAAMA
Yananyinya (I'm Going) (2011)

References

External links
Myspace page
Bio at Artpost
page at Triple J Unearthed

Northern Territory musical groups
Indigenous Australian musical groups


Bulgarian-Latvian relations are foreign relations between Bulgaria and Latvia. Bulgaria is represented in Latvia through its embassy in Warsaw (Poland) and through an honorary consulate in Riga. Latvia is represented in Bulgaria through its embassy in Warsaw (Poland) and through an honorary consulate in Sofia.
Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the European Union and NATO.

European Union
Latvia joined the EU in 2004. Bulgaria joined the EU in 2007.

See also
 Foreign relations of Bulgaria
 Foreign relations of Latvia
 Accession of Bulgaria to the European Union

External links
  Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Bulgaria
 Bulgarian president on two-day state visit to Latvia The America's Intelligence Wire 21-MAR-05
 Sofia, Riga Plan Coordinated Missions Abroad March 21, 2005
 Bulgaria's President Heads for Latvia March 21, 2005
 September 29, 2000 Bulgaria, Latvia pave way to lifting visa requirement
 Bulgaria, Latvia Exchange EU Pre-accession Experience December 4, 2003
 Bulgaria, Latvia sign free trade agreement. 16-OCT-02
 Meeting-Ognian Gerdjikov–President of Latvia 05.12.2003
 Latvian Foreign Minister and Bulgarian Ambassador discuss Bulgaria's accession to the EU. 15 Nov 2006

Latvia
Bilateral relations of Latvia


is a train station located in Sawara-ku, Fukuoka. The station symbol is three wavy blue lines, representing Muromi River.

Lines

Platforms

Vicinity
Muromi Post Office
Muromi River
Muromi Kindergarten
Fukuoka Expressway - Route 1
Fukuoka Elementary School
Muromi Wings Dormitory

History
July 26, 1981: Opening
December 12, 2003: Introduction of platform screen doors for the first time in Kyūshū

References

Railway stations in Fukuoka Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1981
Kūkō Line (Fukuoka City Subway)


Walka (lit. Struggle) was a Polish-language newspaper published from Tel Aviv by the Communist Party of Israel between 1958 and 1965. Its editor-in-chief was Adolf Berman. Whilst other Communist Party weeklies experienced a gradual decline in readership after 1956, Walka had a moderate growth as a result of the wave of immigration from Poland in 1961. Its weekly circulation was 929 in April 1961, 1,058 in May 1961, 986 in August 1961, 1,095 in June 1962, 1,114 in December 1962, 1,149 in June 1963 and 1,116 in December 1963.

When the Communist Party went through a split in 1965, the editors of Walka sided with Meir Vilner and his new party Rakah.

References

1958 establishments in Israel
1965 disestablishments in Israel
Ashkenazi Jewish culture in Tel Aviv
Non-Hebrew-language mass media in Israel
Newspapers established in 1958
Publications disestablished in 1965
Communist newspapers published in Israel
Polish-language newspapers
Defunct newspapers published in Israel
Mass media in Tel Aviv
Polish-Jewish culture in Israel


The 3 Skypephone S2 is a UMTS, GSM and VoIP mobile phone. The phone is the successor to 3 Skypephone and the second phone from the 3 Skypephone Series.

iSkoot

The 3 Skypephone S2 runs on the iSkoot for Skype platform to provide its Skype service. iSkoot's shutdown of this service on 20 January 2011 caused this phone to show a non-functioning "click to upgrade" link, although some other phones were not affected. No warning was given by Three for this shutdown, and visiting the Three website shows they removed the Skypephone from their product offerings. This violates Three's own terms and conditions and the "Free Skype forever" promise leaving customers very angry and unable to use the arguably main functionality of this phone.

In the box

 Handset
 Battery 1150 mAh. (AH-02)
 Battery cover.
 Personal stereo hands free kit (via mini-USB connector).
 USB cable.
 Mains charger (USB connector).
 3 user guide.
 Quick start guide for Skype.
 Additional guides

Specifications

The specifications released are as follow:

 Dimensions: 102.7 x 45 x 14mm
 Weight: 95g
 Display: 2.2in QVGA
 Battery: 1150mAh
 CPU: ARM variant as runs BREW operating system (see ARM architecture)
 Memory: 50Mb onboard
 External memory: Micro SD up to 4Gb
 Camera: 3.2Mpx camera
 HSDPA support: Up to 2.6Mbit/s
 Additional features:
 HSDPA modem dongle
 Facebook application
Many native Brew applications.
 RSS reader
 Stereo handsfree and USB cable included

The battery life is as follows:

 Standby 320 hours
 Talk Time 270 minutes
 Video Talk Time 170 minutes

Supported functionality
 Bluetooth stack with OBEX file transfer and A2DP support
 Streaming video (can receive TV channels, watch movies or YouTube over the 3G network)
 Streaming audio
 Free Skype-to-skype calls
 E-mail
 T9 dictionary
 3.2Mpx camera
 Video recording
 Audio recording
 MP3 player (can also play WMA and AAC files)
 Memory: 50Mb onboard
 External memory: Micro SD up to 4Gb
 PC Suite synchronization (With Vista support)
 HSDPA support: Up to 2.6Mbit/s
 HSDPA modem dongle
 Podcasting with Mobilcast (unofficially supported)
 Supports Java ME applications such as Opera Mini and many Java ME games.
 Facebook always on application, change your status and easily access your profile, friends, inbox, pokes and more.
 Charging via standard mini USB cable.  (Though  its own charging unit (wall plug) and USB to mini USB cable are included, any standard mini USB cable can be used to charge the skypephone in various locations or when traveling.)
 Brew games

Not supported functionality
 Only Western Eu Latin Alphabets are supported, Cyrillic as used in Russian/Bulgarian and probably many other languages is not supported with all skype, web browser and text messages (SMS).

3 Skypephone S2x
The 3 Skypephone S2x is an upgrade of the 3 Skypephone S2. It is a slightly different shape and design and has a slightly poorer camera.

See also
 3 Skypephone Series
 3 Skypephone S1
 Skype
 Hutchison 3G (3)
 BREW

References

External links

3 (company)
Skype
Amoi mobile phones


Polychrysia moneta, the golden plusia, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm (Europe, Asia Minor, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Caucasus, and northwest Iran).

Technical description and variation

The wingspan is 32–37 mm. Forewing pale golden, diffusely tinged in median area with brown and sprinkled with black scales; the veins brown; the median shade conspicuously dark brown, thick, angled in middle: lines brown, double; the inner acutely angled on subcostal, below middle inwardly curved; outer line lunulate dentate; basal area flaked with golden scales; a pale golden apical blotch, cut and edged below by the brown submarginal line, which is rarely plain below middle; orbicular stigma large, oblique, horseshoe-shaped, with broad silvery outline and gold and brown centre, coalescing with a similar but inverted mark on vein 2; reniform hardly traceable; hindwing shining fuscous;the fringe pale.

Biology
The moth flies from May to October depending on the location.

Larva dull dark green, black spotted, living when young in the heart of the central shoots; later, with dark dorsal vessel, limited by several whitish lines and a white lateral line. The larvae feed on Delphinium, Artemisia absinthium and Artemisia vulgaris.

References

External links

Golden Plusia at UKmoths
Funet Taxonomy
Fauna Europaea
Lepiforum.de
Vlindernet.nl

Plusiinae
Moths of Europe
Moths described in 1787


Kittiwake is the name of two species of gull.  It may also refer to:

Aircraft
 Saunders Kittiwake, a Saunders Roe flying boat design
 Shapley Kittiwake, a British 1930s gull-wing monoplane
 Mitchell Kittiwake, a British single-engine sporting aircraft

Boats
 Kittiwake 23, an American sailboat design

Culture
 Kittiwake Island, a 1954 opera by Alec Wilder
 The Kittiwakes, a British folk band
 Kittiwake Press, a United Kingdom publisher: see List of publishers

Places
 Kittiwake Coast, a part of the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador
 Kittiwake oil field, an oil field in the North Sea: see List of oil and gas fields of the North Sea

Ships
 Kittiwake, a trawler, converted to the World War II minesweeper  of the United States Navy
 Kittiwake, an Irish light-vessel: see Lightvessels in Ireland
 , a Kingfisher-class sloop of the British Royal Navy, a 1930s patrol vessel
 , a United States Coast Guard Marine Protector-class coastal patrol boat: see List of United States Coast Guard cutters
 USFS Kittiwake, later US FWS Kittiwake, a fishery patrol vessel in the fleet of the United States Bureau of Fisheries and Fish and Wildlife Service fleets from 1919 to ca. 1945 that previously served in the United States Navy as
 , a World War II submarine rescue ship of the United States Navy

Trains
 Kittiwake (60120), a LNER Peppercorn Class A1 British steam locomotive


The Lashkar Express runs between Lokmanya Tilak Terminus in Mumbai, Maharashtra and Agra Cantt. in Agra, Uttar Pradesh. It is a weekly train and runs from Mumbai on Fridays & from Agra Cantt. on Saturdays. The name "Lashkar" comes from Lashkar in Gwalior.

Route
Main towns on the way are Gwalior, Jhansi, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nashik. The train covers a distance of 1,334 km in 22 h 55 min.

Train No
Train number 12161: Mumbai to Agra Cantt., leaves Mumbai (Lokmanya Tilak Terminus) at 16:25 hrs on Fridays.
Train number 12162: Agra Cantt. to Mumbai, leaves Agra Cantt. at 23:50 hrs on Saturdays.
The train has a RSA with 12107-Mumbai Lucknow Superfast Express, 12173-LTT PBH Udyognagari Express and 12153 LTT Habibganj Express.
Coach Compositions are as follows-
For MUMBAI AGRA 12161-
Engine-SLR1-LD1-GEN1-GEN2-A1-B3-B2-B1-S11-PC1-S10-S9-S8-S7-S6-S5-S4-S3-S2-S1-UR3-SLR2.Total-22 Coaches.

Locomotion
Loco Link from LTT to Agra Cantt (Agc) is BSL WAP 4

Express trains in India
Trains from Agra
Transport in Mumbai
Rail transport in Maharashtra
Rail transport in Madhya Pradesh
Named passenger trains of India


Thermosediminibacterales is an order of Gram positive bacteria in the class Clostridia.

References

Bacteria orders
Clostridia
Thermophiles
Anaerobes


Baron Geoffroy Chodron de Courcel (11 September 1912, Tours - 9 December 1992, Paris), was a French nobleman, soldier and diplomat.

He was Aide-de-Camp to Charles de Gaulle in 1940 and escaped to England with the General on 17 June 1940 with the help of General Sir Edward Spears. Geoffroy Chodron was the first officer to sign up with the Free French Forces, established by De Gaulle when he was in London.

From 1941 he served as De Gaulle’s private secretary and would later command a squadron of the 1er régiment de marche de Spahis marocains (1st Spahi Regiment), formed out of other units.

After the War, he returned to the French Foreign Ministry before holding several important appointments, including that of Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 16 March 1962 until 20 April 1972.

Family
The Chodron de Courcel family, who were landed gentry (or petite noblesse), were created Barons by Emperor Napoleon III.

He was the only son of Baron Louis de Chodron de Courcel (1874-1962), by his wife married Alice Lambert-Champy (1886-1967); S.E. Baron Geoffroy Chodron de Courcel had three sisters:

Louise: married Xavier Baudon de Mony
Elisabeth: married Olivier, comte de Chastellux
Henriette: married Louis, marquis de Lasteyrie.

His grandfather, Baron Alphonse Chodron de Courcel, was French Ambassador to London from 1894 until 1898.

Honours
  Grand-croix de la Légion d'honneur
  Compagnon de la Libération

See also
 Chodron de Courcel family
 Bernadette Chirac

Notes

1912 births
1992 deaths
Concorde
Military personnel from Tours, France
French military personnel of World War II
Ambassadors of France to the United Kingdom
Companions of the Liberation
Nobility of the Second French Empire
Barons of France


Lixnaw Hurling Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in the north of County Kerry, Ireland. They primarily play in competitions organised by the Kerry County Board of the GAA, such as the Kerry Senior Hurling Championship, and also in competitions organised by the North Kerry Hurling Board. The club is principally concerned with the game of hurling but many of their players also play gaelic football, many with Finuge. The club has won 9 Kerry Senior Hurling Championships, 10 Kerry Minor Hurling Championships and 5 Kerry Under-21 Hurling Championships.

History
While the history of hurling in Lixnaw long precedes the founding of the GAA, the club was officially founded in 1888. As reported in the Kerry Sentinel newspaper on Saturday, 17 November 1888, the new club was designated Erin's Hope - Lixnaw and Irremore Branch. The first president was John Trant with Michael Ryan as vice-president. William O'Halloran and John J. Quilter were honorary secretaries with Denis Daly as treasurer. The first club captain was Thomas McCarthy with John Brosnan as vice-captain.

During the following year the separation of the sporting codes became evident with hurling being principally played in Lixnaw and football in Irremore. The hurling club in Lixnaw went by the moniker "Sir Charles Russell" for a time, in honour of an Irish statesman and supporter of Irish Home Rule and the Irish Land League. The naming of clubs and teams in such a fashion being commonplace at the time. The division of the Lixnaw and Irremore elements of the branch took place at this time and the latter competed with some success in the Kerry Football Championship. The Irremore area continues as a source of players for both Finuge and St. Senan's Gaelic football clubs. While football was also played in Lixnaw at this time, the predominance of hurling was increasingly evident.

When neighbouring Ballyduff, representing Kerry, successfully contested the 1891 All-Ireland hurling final, they included players from Kilmoyley and Ardfert and three men from Ahabeg in Lixnaw, Maurice Fitzmaurice, Maurice Kelly and John Murphy.

Roll of honour
Kerry County Board
Kerry Senior Hurling Championship (9) 1933, 1954, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2005, 2007, 2014, 2018
 Kerry Under 21 Hurling Championship (5) 1999, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2016
 Kerry Minor Hurling Championship (10) 1958, 1963, 1965, 1974, 1976, 1997, 2004, 2012, 2014, 2015
 Kerry Minor B Hurling Championship (1) 2006
Kerry Intermediate Hurling Championship (1) 1973
Kerry Junior Hurling Championship (3) 1954, 1995, 1999
 Kerry Senior Hurling League Division 1 (2) 1979, 1982
North Kerry Hurling Board
 North Kerry Senior Hurling Championship (3) 1964, 1998, 2011
 North Kerry Intermediate Hurling Championship (5) 1973, 1976, 1995, 2022, 2023
 North Kerry Under 21 Hurling Championship (2) 1978, 2016
 North Kerry Junior Hurling Championship (1) 1988
 North Kerry Minor Hurling Championship (11) 1956, 1961, 1965, 1976, 1983, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2015, 2016, 2017
 North Kerry Minor B Hurling Championship (3) 1993, 1995, 2018
 North Kerry Senior Hurling League (13) 1942, 1950, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1959, 1960, 1963, 1982, 1983, 2010, 2016, 2017
 North Kerry Senior B Hurling League (6) 1989, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2002, 2012
 North Kerry Intermediate Hurling League (2) 1964*,1977 (* as Ballinclogher)
 North Kerry Junior Hurling League (6) 1942*, 1944*, 1948, 1958*, 1960*, 1994 (* as Ballinclogher)

County Senior Championship Winning Captains

 1933: Joe McCarthy
 1954: Jim Hogan
 1983: Moss McKenna
 1985: Moss Allen
 1999: Trevor McKenna
 2005: Fergus Fitzmaurice
 2007: Patrick Dowling
 2014: Maurice Corridan
 2018: Darragh Shanahan

Famous players
Maurice Fitzmaurice,
Steve Grady (Co-founder of The North Kerry Hurling Board),
John McElligott,
Jack Kennedy (Co-founder of Ladies Walk Club),
Moss Fitzmaurice,
Christy Ring (guest appearance),
Eugie Stack,
Jimmy Hogan,
Richie McElligott (nominated for Sunday Independent GAA Team of the Century in 1984 and in whose honour the All-Ireland U20B hurling championship trophy is named),
Topper McElligott,
Moss Lyons,
Johnny Conway,
Sean Flaherty,
Paul Galvin,
Eamonn Fitzmaurice,
Ricky Heffernan,
John "Tweek" Griffin,
James Flaherty,
Michael Conway,
Shane Conway

Notable External Managers
Aside from the team management, coaching and training functions provided to Lixnaw hurling teams since its establishment by members of the club itself, there have also been a number of managers from outside the club who have been influential, particularly since the start of the 21st century. The following former Limerick, Cork and Tipperary players have had management and training roles with the club's senior team in particular.
Éamonn Cregan
 Liam O'Donoghue
 Brian Begley
 Ciaran Carey & Mark Foley
Seánie McGrath
Conor Gleeson
Barry Hennessy

Colours and crest
The club has worn a green and gold jersey from the earliest records available. The traditional pattern worn is green with a gold hoop.

The use of an alternate kit to address a clash of colours has only occurred since 2003, when it was used for the first time in the Kerry Senior Championship final. As is generally the case with all GAA clubs, its use is not agreed to lightly given the strong affiliation between club and colours. The alternate or change kit used by many clubs is a variation or inverse of the normal kit or will use a neutral white jersey. Atypically, Lixnaw have adopted the use of a distinctive blue jersey, which mirrors the alternate kit (based on the Munster GAA colours) used by the Kerry team over many decades. While the green and gold jersey is synonymous with Lixnaw, the blue alternate has been associated with a number of memorable successes on the field of play.

The club's crest was designed in 2001 and consists of an image of the Hermitage in Lixnaw with a representation of the nearby river Brick and a salmon on a shield and circlet bearing the name of the club, celtic knotwork and crossed hurleys.

References

External links
 Lixnaw Official Website - http://www.lixnawgaa.ie/
 Lixnaw Official Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/LixnawGAAClub
 Lixnaw Official Twitter - @LixnawGAA

Gaelic games clubs in County Kerry
Hurling clubs in County Kerry


Jonathan Greatorex (born 1970) is a British music educator who became nationally known for his involvement in the "Salters Hill Scandal" in Lambeth and has subsequently gone on to become one of the UK's leading consumer rights activists & broadcasters.

Career

He began his professional musical career at the age of 10 as a Choral Scholar at Llandaff Cathedral. From there he went on to Christ College before completing his studies at the London College of Music under the tutelage of John McCabe, Michael Goldthorpe and the late Pamela Bowden.

He is an Early Years, Primary and Junior Music Specialist. He has been Head of Music at some of London’s leading girls’ day schools and has experience from Choral Training to "Music Information Technology". His work with children has been recorded and broadcast on national radio stations.

He was Head of Music at James Allen's Preparatory School in London from where he moved to being Head of Music at Croydon High School Junior Department for 5 years before relocating to Wales in 2007 where he now works full-time as a freelance musical consultant and commercial photographer as well as being a fully qualified Pilot.

He is the author of a new scheme of work for music education, which can be delivered by specialist and non-specialist music teachers from the Foundation Stage to Key Stage 2. He also specialises in composing accessible music for Junior School children and has composed music for several musicals.

Salters Hill and after

He became famous for his legal action against Lambeth Council following the "Salters Hill Scandal" where he exposed a parking scam within the London Borough of Lambeth, estimated to run into hundreds of thousands of pounds. The case against Lambeth ended up with Greatorex recovering £176 of costs in the County Court, following the Parking Adjudicator's ruling that Lambeth had acted "Wholly Unreasonably" in pursuing the case.

He is currently continuing his involvement in consumer rights issues by spearheading the "Light Up Powys" street light campaign, WorkBully, the campaign to put an end to workplace bullying and is now a regular broadcaster for both radio and television on various matters relating to consumer and civil rights.

He lives in North Wales with his wife and daughter.

References

London Evening Standard
Croydon Guardian
Croydon Guardian
BBC TV News
Shropshire Star
BBC News

External links

WorkBully.org

British music educators
Consumer rights activists
Living people
Anti-bullying activists
Workplace harassment and bullying
1970 births


Teochew string music or Chaozhou xianshi ( also called "string-poem music") is classed as a type of  music (chamber music for strings and woodwind, literally 'silk/bamboo') although it typically uses stringed instruments only. It is found in northeastern Guangdong and parts of Fujian and also in regions with overseas Teochew populations, such as Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the United States. The Chaoshan region of Guangdong, bordering on Fujian and comprising the cities of Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang, forms its own cultural sphere. Teahouses often accompany with Chaozhou music.

History
Developed from a fusion of elements, popular song, arias of Chinese opera, ancient melodies and pieces of Buddhist music, string music falls into two styles:  () is music of the Confucian school that can be performed as an independent instrumental music genre or at weddings and other ceremonies and that aims at elegance and nobility, while  () is principally the music of the theatre, though it may be played independently: it cultivates a sober, rustic style.

Instruments
The instruments most commonly employed include several varieties of two-stringed bowed lutes; the  () erxian () or  () the lead instrument in the Hakka style, shorter and higher-pitched than the ), the tihu (of lower pitch than the , adapted from the Cantonese gaohu) and the big and small yehu (coconut shell body), as well as several types of plucked lutes: the pipa, large and small sanxian (a fretless bass instrument like the shamisen), qinqin (four-stringed with short, fretted neck and round body),  (four-stringed with long, fretted neck and round body) and . Other than this, the  (zither) and yangqin (a hammered dulcimer thought to derive from the Iranian santur) are played as well as percussion instruments: a hand-held wooden clapper (), a pair of "temple" blocks ( and ) that mark the beat, and a small drum (). Cello is sometimes also used, particularly in the style performed in the area of Shantou.

Characteristics
The ten characteristic compositions of  are
  (, 'Grief of Wang Zhaojun')
  ()
  (, 'Jackdaws Play in the Water')
  (, 'The Oriole's Cry')
  (, 'High Moon')
  (, 'Great Eight Beats')
  (, 'Flock of Geese on the Shore')
  (, 'The Male Phoenix Seeks the Female')
  ('Five Knots of the Chain')
  (, 'Adding Flowers upon Brocade')

The form of each of these pieces resembles a suite () of variations upon a stock melody (qupai or 'noted tune'). These are called  or 'beat' variations and follow an ordered sequence with changes of tempo and measure (most pieces have six or eight beat measures). Augmentation and diminution of the melody is used, so that it may repeatedly double in speed through the variations. The technique of  introduces a division-like filling in of the melody with figures such as repeated notes and neighbouring or passing notes. Perfect-fourth transposition of the melody () also occurs, though the tonal centre remains constant.

Four or five main modes () are traditionally identified. However, while elsewhere in China such modes are mainly defined by absolute pitch and by the degree of the pentatonic scale that is taken as the key-note (thus setting the intervals of the scale), the  conception of mode, rather like the Indian raga system, includes motif, ornament and intonation. Pitch is not absolute but the scale is usually constructed on a key-note approximating to western concert F – F. Modes are pentatonic but all derive from a seven-note scale: no notice is taken of the starting and finishing tones of the melody in determining the mode and the key-note remains the same in every mode. Tunes may be adapted to a new mode, but the mode remains constant throughout any performance of the suite.

Apart from the major pentatonic scale two further tones, corresponding to a (sharp) perfect fourth and a (flat) major seventh, are employed. The "missing" steps of the scale in each mode may be used in ornament but are not part of main mode structure. The mode  ("Light III Light VI") is the standard major pentatonic. But  ("Light III Heavy VI") calls for a heavy string-pressure upon the sixth degree, raising it to the seventh.  ("Heavy III Heavy VI"), similarly, applies this upward string-bend to the third degree as well, raising it to the fourth. The fourth common scale, called  ("Live V"), resembles this last but avoids the plain third degree and instead uses a heavy vibrato on the second degree. This is said to be the most characteristic mode of the region.

Chaozhou drum music includes the big drum and gong, the small drum and gong, the dizi set drum and dong and su drum and gong ensembles. The current Chaozhou drum music is said to be similar to the form of the Drum and Wind Music of the Han and Tang Dynasties.

References

Anon, Sizhu yue : musique poétique à cordes de Chaozhou, China.org, retrieved April 2009
Prof. Mercedes M. Dujunco, The Birth of a New Mode? Modal Entities in the Chaozhou Xianshi String Ensemble Music Tradition of Guangdong, South China, in Ethnomusicology Online, Issue 8, 2003, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, retrieved April 2009

Chinese styles of music
Teochew music


Mniotype satura, the beautiful arches, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Palearctic realm.

Technical description and variation

C. satura Schiff. (= porphyrea Esp.) (32 b). Shorter- and broader-winged than melanodonta [Mniotype melanodonta (Hampson, 1906)] . Forewing dull reddish throughout, more or less hidden by the purplish black suffusion; the upper stigmata, the basal patch, the submarginal area, and the subterminal line all dull reddish; the wedge-shaped marks before the last much shorter and less conspicuous; otherwise as in melanodonta; hindwing dark brownish-fuscous, with cellspot and slight outer line marked; a pale terminal streak at anal angle. Larva reddish brown, darker along dorsum; dorsal line interrupted and obscure; spiracular yellowish green; an obscure subdorsal row of oblique
grey streaks.
The wingspan is 40–50 mm.

Biology
The moth flies from July to October depending on the location.

The larvae feed on various woody plants and deciduous trees.

References

External links
Beautiful Arches at UKmoths
Lepiforum.de
Vlindernet.nl

Cuculliinae
Palearctic Lepidoptera
Taxa named by Michael Denis
Taxa named by Ignaz Schiffermüller


Latvia – Ukraine relations are foreign relations between Latvia and Ukraine. Until 1991, both countries were part of the Soviet Union and before 1918 part of the Russian Empire. Both countries established diplomatic relations on February 12, 1992.

In January 2022, during the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis, Latvia announced it would send FIM-92 Stinger air defense systems to Ukraine. The air defense systems were delivered in February 2022, shortly before the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Latvia immediately condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine during its first hours and declared its readiness to accept refugees from Ukraine and suspended the issuance of Latvian visas to Russian citizens.

Resident diplomatic missions
 Latvia has an embassy in Kyiv.
 Ukraine has an embassy in Riga.

See also
 Foreign relations of Latvia
 Foreign relations of Ukraine
 Ukrainians in Latvia
 Latvians in Ukraine

References

External links
 Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Ukraine
 Latvian embassy in Kyiv
 Ukrainian embassy in Riga

Ukraine
Bilateral relations of Ukraine


Latvia–Poland relations are foreign relations between Latvia and Poland. Both countries enjoy good relations and are close allies. There are around 57,000 Poles living in Latvia.

Both countries are full members of the European Union, NATO, OECD, OSCE, Bucharest Nine, Three Seas Initiative, Council of Europe, Council of the Baltic Sea States and HELCOM.

History

Present-day Latvia was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in its entirety until 1621, and then partially until the Partitions of Poland. It endured several Swedish invasions during the Polish–Swedish wars of 1600–1611, 1617–1618, 1621–1625, 1626–1629, 1655–1660 and 1700–1721. The Battle of Kircholm at modern Salaspils, Latvia, in which the Poles defeated the more numerous invading Swedes in 1605, is considered one of the greatest victories in Polish military history. It is commemorated in Salaspils.

In the 19th century, both Poles and Latvians were subjected to Russification policies within the Russian Empire. After World War I, both Latvia and Poland regained independence, and the nations became allies against the invading Soviet Russians. In January 1920 a joint Polish and Latvian force defeated the Red Army in the Battle of Daugavpils. The Polish victory in the Battle of Warsaw in August 1920, secured both Polish and Latvian independence. Both countries shared a common border in the interbellum.

In 1922, Poland and Latvia were among signatories of the Warsaw Accord, which however did not enter into force, as its other signatory Finland did not ratify it under pressure of Germany, which was hostile to Poland. Instead, in 1925, Poland and Latvia together with Finland and Estonia signed a convention on conciliation and arbitration in Helsinki.

In 1937–1938, both ethnic Poles and Latvians in the Soviet Union were subjected to genocidal campaigns carried out by the NKVD, known as the Polish Operation and the Latvian Operation respectively. Following the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Poland and Latvia were both to be occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. During the invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union at the start of World War II in September 1939, there were some 29,000 Polish citizens in Latvia, and soon 2,000 Polish refugees arrived to Latvia. Aleksandra Piłsudska, widow of pre-war Polish leader Józef Piłsudski, with daughters Wanda and Jadwiga fled through Latvia to Sweden. Poland was occupied by Germany and the Soviet Union since 1939, while Latvia was occupied solely by the Soviet Union since June 1940. Both nations were under common oppression, and many Poles and Latvians were forcefully deported by the Russians to Siberia. In the course of Operation Barbarossa, from mid-1941, both countries were entirely occupied by Germany.

In 1942, Polish Prime Minister-in-Exile Władysław Sikorski's intervention to British and American authorities thwarted Soviet attempts to obtain Allied approval for the planned annexation of Latvia and eastern Poland.

In 1944–1945, both countries were again occupied by Soviet forces. Soviet repressions and deportations of both Latvian and Polish citizens continued. Poland's formal independence was eventually restored, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, while Latvia was annexed into the Soviet Union, thus both had no relationship until the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

After the fall of the USSR, both countries re-established diplomatic relations on August 30, 1991.

Modern relations
April 12, 2010, was declared a day of national mourning in Latvia to commemorate the 96 victims of the Smolensk air disaster, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński and his wife Maria Kaczyńska.

The Polish Air Force takes part in the NATO Baltic Air Policing mission to guard the airspace over the Baltic states including Latvia. Since 2017, a Polish military contingent has been stationed in Latvia as part of the NATO Enhanced Forward Presence defense forces.

In 2022, Latvian and Polish gas grids were connected, following the commissioning of the GIPL interconnection, also providing Latvia with a connection to the EU gas market.

NATO and EU
Poland joined NATO in 1999, whereas Latvia joined NATO in 2004. Both countries became members of the European Union in 2004.

Resident diplomatic missions
 Latvia has an embassy in Warsaw.
 Poland has an embassy in Riga.

Gallery

See also
 Foreign relations of Latvia
 Foreign relations of Poland
 Poles in Latvia
 2004 enlargement of the European Union

References

External links
  Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Poland
  Latvian embassy in Warsaw (in Latvian and Polish only)
  Polish embassy in Riga

Poland
Bilateral relations of Poland


PICAP is a Catalan record label headquartered in Castellar del Vallès, Spain. It was founded in 1984.

History

PICAP supports Catalan authors and performers. While respecting the performer's linguistic expression, it gives preferential support to the Catalan language.

Its debuted as a record label in 1984 with four maxi-singles that appeared simultaneously: the synthpop band Programa, Javier Asensi, pop group Oslo, and hard-rock artist Rockson.

, Maria-Josep Villarroya, , Gato Pérez, and Joan Soler Boronat were among PICAP's first artists. The first commercial success of the new record label was Catalan humorist .

In the last years of the 1980s, the band Grec, a PICAP artist, joined in a wave of funk music similar to that of other new bands that were starting their careers in those days (such as Duble Buble and N'Gai N'Gai).

The band Sau, after the success achieved on PICAP with Quina nit, signed for a multinational record label. The band Sangtraït, however, stayed with PICAP and prepared its fourth album Contes i llegendes at a time when Catalan rock had reached its peak. Rock and "Cançó" became PICAP's main genres with notable artists in both genres.

In 1991, Lluís Llach joined the record label because of its prestige and trustworthiness, then established ties with Companyia Elèctrica Dharma, Tomeu Penya, Raimon, Maria del Mar Bonet, and Marina Rossell. In 1993, the record company received National Music Awards in Catalonia for their releases. In the late 1990s, the Valencian band Al Tall published with PICAP.

The record company began reissuing CDs of historic Catalan music recordings, including the catalog of . Also included were LPs of artists like Iceberg, Pegasus, , Grup de Folk, , Jaume Sisa, and . The recordings came from labels like  or from the artists themselves, such as  or .

Artist roster

From the catalogues of Edigsa, PDI, and Als 4 vents

 Josep Vicenç Foix
 Grau Carol
 Remei Margarit
 Josep Maria Espinàs
 Delfí Abella
 Salvador Escamilla
 Josep Carner
 Salvador Espriu
 Els 4 gats
 Orfeó Lleidatà
 Dodó Escolà
 Francesc Heredero
 Clementina Arderiu
 Marià Manent
 Antoni Ros Marbà
 Coral Sant Jordi
 Carles Riba
 Queta & Teo
 Francesc Pi de la Serra
 Els 4 Z
 Cobla Barcelona
 Catalonia Jazz Quartet
 Duo Ausona
 Maria Cinta
 Germanes Ros
 Picapedrers
 Els Xerracs
 Els Corbs
 Gil Vidal
 Mauné i els seus dinàmics
 Quartet vocal Clara Schumann
 L’esquitx
 Jovelyne Jocya
 Jacinta
 Jeannette Ramsay
 Joe Martin
 Orfeó Enric Morera
 Brenner’s folk
 Dos + un
 Núria Espert
 Miquelina Lladó
 Salomé
 Cor Madrigal
 Marian Albero
 Núria Feliu
 Pere Quart
 Joan Manuel Serrat
 Albert Vidal
 Isidor
 Eddie Lee Mattison
 Pere i Joan Francesc
 Maria Pilar
 Jordi Fàbregas
 Miró Casabella
 El grup de 3
 Elisa Serna
 Maria e Xavier
 Xoan Rubia
 Els Consellers
 Jaume Arnella
 Teresa Rebull
 Agustí Bartra
 Falsterbo 3
 Gualberto
 Quilapayún
 Guillermina Motta
 Maquina (person)
 Tapi
 Ara va de bo
 Enric Barbat
 Orquestra Simfònica de Barcelona
 Grup de folk
 Jei Noguerol
 Tapiman

 Jarka
 Vicent Torrent
 Jordi Soler
 Hamster
 Miquel Cors
 Guima & Shabbath
 Enric Barbat
 Peter Roar
 Esquirols
 Daniel Viglietti
 Dolors Laffitte
 Maria Laffitte
 Toti Soler
 Joan Baptista Humet
 Els Sapastres
 Orquestra Mirasol
 Jordi Sabatés
 Iceberg
 Barcelona Traction
 Ovidi Montllor
 Al Tall
 Quintín Cabrera
 Ramon Muntaner
 Blay Tritono
 Música Urbana
 Secta Sònica
 Companyia Elèctrica Dharma
 Francisco Curto
 Oriol Tramvia
 Mirasol Colores
 Rafael Subirachs
 Badabadoc
 Xesco Boix
 Colla Jacomet
 Josep Tarradellas
 Josiana
 Cobla Selvatana
 Jordi Farràs
 Aguaviva
 Jazzom
 La Alegre Banda
 Melodrama
 Doberman
 Los Auténticos
 Liquid Car
 Cathy
 Víctor Manuel Muñoz
 Canela
 Orquestra Català
 Lluís el Sifoner
 Alejandro Jean
 Lluciana Sari
 Sausalito
 Orquestra Pasapoga
 Huapacha Combo
 Pernil Latino
 Curroplastic
 Pegasus
 Teverano
 Suck Electrònic
 Carraixet
 Programa
 Julio Alberto y Carmen
 Tet i Àlex
 Tango?
 Santi Vendrell
 Cobla Mediterrània
 Burning
 Cobla Miramar
 Deneb
 Gato Pérez
 Astrolabio
 Orquestrina Galana
 Grup Gavina
 Orquestra Plateria
 Xavier Cugat
 El sac de danses
 Albert Pla
 Peret
 Ia Clua
 Jordi Batiste
 Los Sírex
 Lluís Llach
 Tete Montoliu
 Pere Tapias
 Esqueixada Sniff

From the catalogue of Picap

 Rockson
 Oslo
 Hèctor Vila
 Programa
 Maria del Mar Bonet
 Grec
 La Madam
 La Murga
 Han
 Grup Terra Endins
 Maria-Josep Villarroya
 Quilapayún
 Manel Camp
 Tradivàrius
 Ambtainer
 Fuck off
 Disseny
 Max Sunyer
 Sangtraït
 Paco Muñoz
 Eugenio
 Sau
 Pixamandurries
 Tancat per defunció
 Josep Tero
 Manzano
 Parking
 Jaque al rey
 Ja t'ho diré
 Companyia Elèctrica Dharma
 Santi Arisa
 i-6
 Nakki
 Terratrèmol
 Tots sants
 Zoo il·lògics
 Orquestra Maravella
 Salzburg
 Fora des sembrat
 La Fosca
 Bitayna
 Marc Durandeau
 Quercus Suber
 Miquel del Roig
 Modest Moreno
 Gema 4
 Jose Angel Navarro
 Nats
 Rovell d’ou
 Arizona Baby
 Sui Generis
 Santi Arisa
 Port Bo
 Empordà Fusió
 Tomeu Penya
 Alius
 Tela Marinera
 Lliris
 Tralla
 Carles Cases
 El Cimarrón
 Marina Rossell
 Quars
 Pep Sala & La banda del bar
 Roger Mas
 La Rural Company
 Sílvia Comes
 Lídia Pujol
 Dyango
 Adirà Puntí
 Ramoncín
 Loquillo
 Pastora
 Mariona Comellas
 Mar Endins
 Bluestereo
 Los Amaya
 Cobla De Cambra de Catalunya
 Pa d’angel
 Xató
 The Companys
 Túrnez & Sesé
 Keympa
 Ginesa Ortega
 Rockness
 Inèdits
 Entregirats
 Muhel
 Victor Gioconda
 Naltrus
 Narcís Perich
 Outsider
 Inti Illimani
 Rafa Xambó
 Aljub
 Ramon Sauló

References

 Pujol, Carles. Picap 20 anys, del vinil al DVD. Picap, S.L. 2004, B-40.354-2004
 Google translation
 Google translation
 Google translation
 Google translation
 Google translation

Specific

External links
 Official Web
 Facebook Picap
 Twitter Picap
 Youtube Picap

Catalan music
Record labels established in 1984
Spanish record labels
IFPI members


Eurois occulta, the great brocade or great gray dart, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in northern and central Europe, North Asia and central Asia to the Pacific Ocean and Japan. Also the northern parts of North America (coast to coast in Canada, south in east to Virginia and the Great Lakes states) ( a Holarctic distribution). In addition, it is found in Greenland and Iceland. In the south in northern Spain and on the Balkan peninsula.

Description

The wingspan is 50–60 mm. Forewing pale grey, more or less suffused with dark grey; a black streak from base below cell; stigmata large, grey, with black outlines, the cell dark: inner and outer lines filled in with whitish; submarginal line formed of large black and white teeth; hindwing fuscous, the fringe white. This fine species occurs - The form implicata is nearly black, a mountain form, found in Finland, on the Harz Mts. in Germany, and in Scotland. — ab. extricata Zett. from Lapland is an intermediate form.

It has been suggested, based partly on pupal remains in peat, that outbreaks of this species played a role in the collapse of Viking settlements in Greenland. These deposits at Anavik are now dried out and any potential evidence has been lost.

Larva brown, darker-mottled: dorsal and subdorsal lines yellowish; spiracular white; a series of oblique lateral dark stripes; on various low plants. The larvae feed on Myrica gale, Vaccinium, birch, willow and other herbaceous plants.
.

References

External links

Great Brocade at UK Moths
Funet Taxonomy
Lepiforum.de
Vlindernet.nl

Noctuinae
Moths described in 1758
Moths of Japan
Moths of Europe
Moths of North America
Moths of Asia
Moths of Iceland
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus


Currently, Belarus has an embassy in Riga, while Latvia has an embassy in Minsk. The countries share 161 km as it relates to their common border. In May 2021 the relations were de facto terminated as both countries were expelling each other's diplomats of the corresponding embassy, Latvia was insisting to use an inaccurate opposition flag as a representation for Belarus in the Ice Hockey World Championship in Riga over the Ryanair Flight 4978 diplomatic row. Belarusian Foreign Minister Vladimir Makei called Latvia's move 'an act of international vandalism' and called for an apology and return the legal green, red and white flag to its original place. The Belarusian government reacted with expelling every Latvian diplomat including the Ambassador inside the country, with Latvia following with the same response. The Zurich-based International Ice Hockey Federation sided with Belarus and asked the mayor of Riga to urgently take down the IIHF flags to protest to what the body called a political gesture.

History

Pre-history

Prior to 1945
After Latvia gained independence, several organizations for the Belarusian minority were established, however, after the 1934 Latvian coup d'état, and the German occupation of Latvia during World War II that followed a couple year later, these organizations were eradicated.

Soviet era (1945-1990)
During the period where the two nations were part of the Soviet Union, Latvia saw an influx of migrants from Belarus. During Perestroika, new organizations for Belarusians in Latvia were established.

Modern era
The two countries signed a "Declaration on the Principles of Good-Neighborly Relations" on 16 December 1991 and established full bilateral relations on 7 April 1992. Embassies were opened in both countries in 1993 and consulates general the following year. The current border was established by an agreement on 21 February 1994, finalized on April 10, 2013. On 7 April 2016, Latvijas Televīzija and the National State Television and Radio Company of Belarus signed a cooperation agreement, which provided for the exchange of materials, as well as work on joint projects in the future. 60 twin city and partner agreements have been signed between Belarusian and Latvian regions.

The Latvian and Belarusian capitals are still due to host the 2021 IIHF World Championship, even in spite of the diplomatic rift of 2020.

Rifts in relations
Political conflicts began after Alexander Lukashenko came to power in 1994, when Latvian politicians expressed concern over his statements about rapprochement with Russia. In May 2001, Latvian Defense Minister Ģirts Valdis Kristovskis said in a radio interview that "Our probable enemy is objectively in the east" and that "Europe objectively believes that there is the last totalitarian regime in Europe". After a protest by the Belarusian Foreign Ministry declared a protest, Prime Minister Andris Berzins condemned the minister's statement.

The year 2004 saw a sharp deterioration in Latvian-Belarusian relations, set by President Vaira Vike-Freiberga, whose government encouraged personal efforts by U.S. Senator John McCain to restore democracy in Belarus. The Open Belarus organization was founded in Latvia during this time, calling on future Latvian MEPs to prioritize observance of freedom of speech in Belarus. In 2011, Latvia condemned the conviction of opposition leader Ales Bialiatski, calling on Belarus to ensure the observance of human rights and the holding of democratic elections, as well as to release political prisoners. Despite this action, the European Council on Foreign Relations in its 2013 report classified Latvia as a "sloth" among the nations of the European Union in calling for a more democratic Belarusian government. In 2012, the Belarusian government expressed indignation at the open ing of the Monument to the Defenders of Bauska honoring the Latvian Legion of the Waffen-SS. The Foreign Ministry of Belarus called the erection of the monument a "clear desecration of the memory of the fallen", citing the fact that members of the legion were involved in the killings of Red Army personnel, Belarusian partisans and civilians. The following year, it included a chapter on Latvia in a government report entitled "Violations of human rights in certain countries of the world in 2012".

In 2020, protests in Belarus against the outcome of the presidential elections of 9 August 2020 occurred. On response, Latvia, as well as the governments of Lithuania and Estonia, were the first to declare Lukashaneko as the illegitimate leader Edgars Rinkēvičs, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, declared the list of persons (including Lukashenko) who were banned from entering Latvia, supporting other individual sanctions against Belarusian officials responsible for the crackdown that followed the election. Latvia also condemned the post-election violence during meetings of the Nordic-Baltic Eight and the European Union.

Diplomatic exchanges

In general, there is only one case of a meeting of the heads of state of the two countries is known. This occurred on 5 September 1997 in Vilnius, when President Guntis Ulmanis met with President Alexander Lukashenko. In 2019, as part of the Latvia 100 celebrations in Minsk, Ulmanis visited Belarus and met Lukashneko, this time as the former president. During this visit, he reiterated calls by the Latvian leadership for Lukashenko to visit Riga. In 2020, the planned visit of Alexander Lukashenko to Riga was postponed (later cancelled) due to COVID-19 at the request of Latvian President Egils Levits during a phone call. The invitation was first made by Raimonds Vējonis in 2017.

Other officials of both countries (i.e. the heads of governments and foreign ministers) have met more frequently than the two presidents. On 11 July 2007, a historic meeting was held between Latvian Prime Minister Ivars Godmanis and his Belarusian counterpart Sergei Sidorsky in the forest on the Latvian-Belarusian border. This was due to sanctions being imposed on Belarus, which meant that Sidorsky could not enter any nation of the European Union. This meeting caused a stir among Belarusian activists, however represented a thaw in bilateral relations. In January 2020, Prime Minister Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš visited Minsk for talks with Lukashenko and Syarhey Rumas. In May 2016, Mayor of Riga Nils Ušakovs arrived in Minsk, where he opened the "Riga Corner" at the Komarovsky Market.

Resident diplomatic missions
 Belarus has an embassy in Riga and a general consulate in Daugavpils.
 Latvia has an embassy in Minsk and a consulate in Vitebsk.

Ambassadors

 From Latvia to Belarus:
 Agnis Tomass (1992)
 Jānis Lovniks (1992-1993)
 Ingrīda Levrense (1993-1997)
 Egons Neimanis (1997-2000)
 Maira Mora (2000-2004)
 Mihails Popkovs (2004-2010)
 Mārtiņš Virsis (2015-2019)
 Einars Semanis (2019-)
 From Belarus to Latvia:
 Valentin Velichko (1993-1997)
 Mikhail Marynich (1999-2001)
 Vadim Lamkov (2002-2005)
 Alexander Gerasimenko (2006-2013)
 Marina Dolgopolova (2013—2018)
 Vasily Markovich (2018-2020)

Diasporas and cross-culture

At the beginning of 2017, 3,034 citizens of Belarus lived in Latvia. In total, 69,298 ethnic Belarusians live in Latvia, making them the second largest national minority in the country (about 3.3% of the population). Since Perestroika, various organisations of the Belarusian diaspora have been created, the oldest one being Svitanak , established in 1988. Following the wave of political refugees from Belarus after the brutal crackdown of the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, another organisation, Supolka , was established.

The authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko has also been facilitating the creation of loyal diaspora organisations since 1994, which culminated in 2005 with the establishment of the Union of Belarusians of Latvia (; ), often abbreviated to SBL. In 2010, the union received gratitude from President of Latvia Valdis Zatlers. In 2017, members of the union organized jubilee celebrations in honor of the 950th anniversary of Minsk. Every year, the SBL organizes the Days of Belarusian Culture () throughout Latvia. On this day, celebrations and festivals are organized throughout the country. In 2017, the Days of Belarusian Culture in Latvia were dedicated to the 135th anniversary of the births of Yakub Kolas and Yanka Kupala. The special guests of the celebrations were Pesniary, invited from Minsk.

Notable people
Artur Karvatski, Latvian-born Belarusian handball player
Otto Schmidt, Soviet scientist born in Belarus to a Latvian mother known for developing higher education and science in Soviet Russia.
Kastus Jezavitau, Latvian-born Belarusian politician and defence minister of the Belarusian Democratic Republic.
Boļeslavs Sloskāns, Latvian-born Belarusian Catholic bishop, supporter of the Belarusian language and the Belarusian diaspora in Western Europe and North America during the Cold War

See also
 Foreign relations of Belarus
 Foreign relations of Latvia
 Belarus–EU relations

References

Belarus–Latvia relations
Latvia
Belarus


Dividing the Estate is a play by Horton Foote. The play premiered at the McCarter Theatre in 1989 and Off-Broadway in 2007, winning the Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding New Off-Broadway Play.

Overview
Set in the fictional town of Harrison, Texas, in 1987, it focuses on the Gordons, a clan of malcontents ruled by octogenarian matriarch Stella that must prepare for an uncertain future when plunging real estate values and an unexpected tax bill have a negative impact on the family fortune. Stella's children - predatory Mary Jo, complacent Lucille, and alcoholic Lewis - engage in a debate about whether or not they should divide the estate while their mother is still alive in order to ensure themselves financial independence.

Productions
The play premiered at the McCarter Theatre in New Jersey in 1989. Presented by Primary Stages Theater, it opened on September 27, 2007 at the Off-Broadway 59E59 Theaters, where it ran until October 27. Directed by Michael Wilson, the cast included Elizabeth Ashley as Stella, Hallie Foote as Mary Jo, Penny Fuller as Lucille, and Gerald McRaney as Lewis.

Horton Foote won the Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding New Off-Broadway Play and the Obie Award for Playwriting.

The production transferred to Broadway for a limited engagement with its original cast presented by the Lincoln Center Theater Company and Primary Stages Theater. It began previews at the Booth Theatre on October 23, 2008, officially opened on November 20, and closed on January 4, 2009 after 50 performances and 31 previews.

Critical response
In his review in The New York Times, Ben Brantley called the play "deeply funny" and stated, "Mr. Foote's authorial gaze is focused with satiric sharpness while retaining its elegiac sense of life's transience." David Rooney of Variety thought it was "distinctly old-fashioned . . . with an air of familiarity" but added, "Spend time with Foote's richly human characters and concerns about the play's dustiness quickly fade. The Chekhovian intrusion of past upon present, the melancholy acknowledgement of a world in decline, the gentle but tart humor, the clear-eyed compassion tinged with despair - these qualities remind us why the 91-year-old playwright remains such a distinctively expressive voice in contemporary American drama."

Joe Dziemianowicz of the New York Daily News said the play "goes for laughs and succeeds, and at the same time comments on more sweeping notions of avarice, entitlement and carpetbagging karma. It's not as profound or ambitious as Broadway's other multigenerational melee, August: Osage County, but Foote's fine play does go down easy." In USA Today, Elysa Gardner observed, "The folks we meet in Estate . . . can be immensely irritating, but they're not, well, bad people — or, truth be told, terribly interesting ones."

Awards and nominations
2009 Tony Awards:

Best Play (nominated)
Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play, Hallie Foote (nominated)

References

External links
 Dividing the Estate at Lincoln Center Theater

1989 plays
Comedy plays
Plays by Horton Foote
Off-Broadway plays
Broadway plays
Plays set in Texas
Fiction set in 1987


Caldicellulosiruptor is a genus of thermophilic, anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria. Originally placed within the highly polyphyletic class Clostridia, order Thermoanaerobacterales and family Thermoanaerobacterales Family III according to the NCBI and LPSN, it is now thought to lie outside of the Bacillota. Caldicellulosiruptor is known to degrade and ferment complex carbohydrates from plant matter, such as cellulose and hemicellulose (hence its name), and certain species in the genus have been identified as potential candidates for biofuel production.

Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

See also
 List of bacterial orders
 List of bacteria genera

References

Thermoanaerobacterales
Bacteria genera
Thermophiles
Anaerobes