Harold Cole (24 January 1906 – 8 January 1946), also known as Harry Cole, Paul Cole, and many other aliases, was a petty criminal, a confidence man, a British soldier, an operative of the Pat O'Leary escape line, and an agent of Nazi Germany. In 1940 and 1941, he helped many British soldiers escape France after its surrender to Nazi Germany in World War II. He became a double agent for the Germans in December 1941 (or possibly earlier) and betrayed to the Gestapo 150 escape line workers and members of the French Resistance, of whom about 50 were executed or died in German concentration camps.

Cole has been described as "the worst traitor of the war." He deceived both the British and the Germans and escaped from prison on several occasions. He survived the war but was killed while resisting arrest by French police in Paris in January 1946.

Early life
Cole was born in London and grew up in Hoxton, an East London slum. His parents were Albert Cole, an unskilled labourer, and Alice Ann Godfrey, formerly a servant. Albert Cole was killed in World War I and his widow married Thomas Mason, whose last name Harold Cole would sometimes use as an alias. Cole left school aged 14 and, as a teenager, he became known as a con man, embezzler, and petty criminal. He was in jail several times between 1923 and 1939. In 1927, he deserted from the West Kent Regiment. He claimed to have served in the British Army in Hong Kong in the 1930s, and in 1938, he was in France masquerading as "Wing Commander Wain" of the Royal Air Force. In September 1939, shortly after World War II began, Cole, fresh out of prison, enlisted in the Royal Engineers of the British army.

Cole was described as "a six-footer, slim-built, and always well dressed, the type of person who can walk into clubs, attractive to gullible women." Cole fashioned himself as a suave upper-class Englishman dressed in plus fours, with plastered-down hair and a finely-clipped moustache.

World War II
Serving in France and relying on his "appealing personality and sharp wits," Cole advanced rapidly to the rank of sergeant with the Royal Engineers. In March 1940, he was jailed for stealing from the non-commissioned officers' mess fund. He quickly escaped but was caught and jailed once more until his guards released him in June 1940 as the invading Germans were overrunning British forces in northern France. He remained in France when British forces were evacuated from Dunkirk. Several thousand soldiers, mostly from Britain and the Commonwealth, were left behind in France after the evacuation and were hidden by French citizens. British pilots were also being shot down over France and, if they survived, sought assistance from the French.

In the summer of 1940, Cole quickly built up a circle of contacts in Lille and La Madeleine, a suburb of Lille. He presented himself as Captain Delobel of British intelligence. He persuaded a wealthy industrialist, François Duprez, to finance his efforts to assist British soldiers and airmen to escape France and return to England. In La Madeleine, the upstairs apartment of a hair stylist, Jeannine Voglimacci, served as a meeting place for Cole, his helpers, and British soldiers seeking help. Voglimacci became a key assistant, although she considered Cole "bizarre." Cole largely achieved the objective of combining all the disparate individuals and organisations helping British soldiers in the Lille region under his leadership. Through contacts at City Hall, he obtained false identity documents for himself and his helpers and a document for himself saying that he had speech and hearing impediments. Cole spoke poor, accented French, and the document enabled him to pretend to be unable to speak and hear if necessary for deception and in the presence of Germans. Cole's followers at the time included 18-year-old Roland Hector Lepers and Lepers's girlfriend Madeleine Damerment, who would later become an agent of the clandestine British organisation, the Special Operations Executive.

The escape line
French citizens helped British soldiers and airmen flee German-occupied northern France for relatively benign southern France, called Vichy France and unoccupied by Germany until November 1942. Marseilles was the usual destination. However, the Germans and Vichy French government made it more difficult for the British soldiers and their French helpers to travel southward. Cole's contacts and wide-spread network had the sophistication and technical capability to provide false identity cards, travel documents, clothing, guides, and travel expenses to British evaders and escapees.

Despite his influence, Cole had detractors. One of the most active women helping British evaders, Maud Olga Baudot de Rouville, said of him, "he was always borrowing money, or begging petrol, and never repaying it, and he talked ill of people behind their backs...he had women everywhere and was always going on sprees with them." She eventually broke off contact with Cole.

In January 1941, Roland Lepers led a group of eight British soldiers and airmen south to Marseilles, where he came into contact with Ian Garrow, the leader of the clandestine Pat O'Leary escape line (Pat Line) which was dedicated to transporting British soldiers stranded in France to neutral Spain from where they could be returned to Britain. Garrow was impressed. He gave Lepers FRF10,000 (about $3,700 in 2020 US dollars) for expenses, and when Cole visited Marseilles in February, Garrow named him the head of the Pat line in northern France and gave him another FRF10,000 for expenses. In the following months, Cole and Lepers transported a group of five to ten English soldiers and airmen south to Marseilles every two weeks, for which Cole received reimbursement for the expenses he claimed from Garrow. Abbé Pierre Carpentier, a French chaplain, organised the difficult and illegal border crossing between occupied France and Vichy France. Cole began to spend most of his time in Marseilles.

Cole was known to Scotland Yard and MI9, the secret British organisation which financed the Pat and other escape lines. He was described as a con man with a string of convictions for housebreaking and fraud, but his background was disregarded because of his efficiency in helping British soldiers. However, Garrow and the Pat Line leaders slowly learned that Cole was keeping the expense money paid him in his pocket rather than distributing it to his helpers. Albert Guérisse, a Belgian who became the leader of the Pat Line after the Vichy French arrested Ian Garrow in October 1941, arranged a meeting on 1 November 1941 with Cole and himself and several leading members of the Pat Line in the Marseilles apartment of Dr. George Rodocanachi. They arrested Cole and confronted him with the evidence of his fraud and double-dealing. They locked him in a bathroom while they debated his fate, with some favouring execution. The fear was that Cole, if allowed to live, might betray the Pat Line and its members. Cole forced open a window and escaped.

After Cole's escape, Guérisse and an Australian agent, Bruce Dowding, rushed north to warn Cole's associates that he might betray them, but many refused to believe the two men, who were unknown in Lille.

German agent
Now on the run from the Pat Line in Marseilles, but not yet discredited to most of his associates in the Lille area, Cole took refuge in a house in La Madeleine, and there on 6 December 1941 he was arrested by the , an executive branch of the   (German military intelligence). Author Murphy speculates that the raid may have been a sham and that Cole had been a German agent before his arrest. Whatever the truth, Cole quickly complied with the German demand for information about the Pat Line. He wrote a 30-page statement for the Germans, identifying dozens of his associates and describing the operations of the northern section of the Pat Line. Arrests of Cole's former associates began that same day. François Duprez was one of the first arrested; Abbé Pierre Carpentier was arrested on 8 December. Duprez later died in a German concentration camp, and Carpentier was executed. Cole accompanied the Germans on some arrests. Cole, however, withheld some names and information from the Germans. He did not betray Jeannine Voglimacci, the hairdresser in La Madeleine, but wrote her a letter threatening retribution if she continued to work for the Pat Line. After the destruction of the Pat Line in Lille, SOE agent Michael Trotobas re-created an escape line based in Abbeville.

Cole took refuge in Paris and Lyon after he betrayed the Pat Line, escaping German control and now a fugitive from both the Germans and the outraged survivors of the Pat Line. On 9 June 1942, he was arrested by the Vichy police in Lyon and charged with espionage. Vichy was under the thumb of the Germans but maintained some of its independence by prosecuting German and Allied secret agents, and Cole qualified as both. On 21 July, Cole was convicted and sentenced to death. The sentence was later changed to life imprisonment, and Cole remained imprisoned until the end of 1943. The Germans did not trust Cole enough to order his release from prison, although he may have done some work for them while a prisoner.

Suzanne Warenghem
In the summer of 1941, Cole became romantically involved with Suzanne Warenghem, one-half English, 19 years old, living in Paris, and a successful guide for the Pat Line. Despite warnings of Cole's double-dealing, she became his chief assistant and lover, apparently believing he was a British agent. Cole and Warenghem were married on 10 April 1942 in Paris. She was arrested along with Cole on 9 June 1942, but in the subsequent trial, she was judged innocent of espionage. During the trial, she finally realised that Cole was a traitor to Britain and France. "She was naive, because she was a real patriot," a British agent said. Alone, penniless, and pregnant, she found her way to Marseilles, where the Pat Line helped her, although she was under suspicion because of her association with Cole. She gave birth on 31 October 1942, but the child died on 12 January 1943.

In March 1943, Warenghem was re-arrested on the charge of helping a British agent escape prison. She was sent to Castres prison. On 16 September 1943, she escaped along with Special Operations Executive (SOE) agent Blanche Charlet. Charlet and Warenghem reached open country and, helped by a local farmer, took refuge in a Benedictine monastery. There, they sheltered in a guest house for two months before the monks took them to an escape line that helped people flee France by walking across the Pyrénées mountains to Spain. Heavy snow prevented them from crossing the mountains.

Having failed to cross into Spain, Charlet and Warenghem, now in touch with SOE headquarters in London, undertook a cross-country saga. First, they journeyed to Paris and then to Lyon. Warenghem heard from friends that Cole was inquiring about her. Frightened, she took the false identity of Aline Le Gale and slept with a pistol under her pillow. From Lyon, Warenghem and Charlet travelled to the Jura Mountains near the border of Switzerland. In April 1944, SOE arranged for Charlet and Warenghem to escape France. To do so, they crossed France again to Brittany, where they were picked up on a beach by a small boat and rowed offshore to a motor torpedo boat, a dangerous operation as the Germans were fortifying the French coast in anticipation of an Allied invasion. They were fired on during their escape, but their boat outpaced German pursuers and arrived safely in Plymouth on 20 April 1944. Warenghem, who changed her name to Suzanne Warren, never saw Cole again.

On the run and death
In the winter of 1943/1944, Cole was released from prison and went to work for Hans Kieffer, the efficient head of the  (SD), the SS intelligence agency in Paris. With France invaded and the Allied armies advancing, Cole, Kieffer, and other SD operatives fled Paris on 17 August 1944. Cole wore the uniform of a German military officer. Kieffer and Cole retreated as the Allies advanced, and in April 1945, in the Black Forest, they shed their uniforms and burned everything that might have identified them as German soldiers. Cole refashioned himself as Captain Robert Mason, a British secret agent whom the SD and Kieffer had captured, and played the part of a low-level German policeman. They surrendered to the American 117th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron near Wald, Germany. Kieffer was released after questioning, and Cole was given the uniform of the U.S. Army lieutenant and an identification card as a member of Allied intelligence.

Fearing discovery, Cole soon deserted the American army and fled to the sector of a defeated Germany, then occupied by France. Wearing his American uniform, he had an enthusiastic welcome there, portraying himself as an experienced intelligence operative. He was given the job of arresting and interrogating Nazis in the Bad Saulgau area. He gathered a group of thugs under his command. He accomplished the task with maximum looting and brutality, including the unauthorised execution of at least one former SS officer.

However, British intelligence was on Cole's trail, watching two of his ex-mistresses in Paris. He sent a postcard to one of them with a return address. She shared the postcard unwittingly with an MI9 officer. On 11 June 1945, Cole was found and arrested by MI5's Peter Hope after a fight in which Cole shot Hope in the leg. He was interrogated and imprisoned in Paris, but on 18 November, he stole the military overcoat of an American sergeant as a disguise and walked out of the prison. A massive search ensued. As usual, Cole sought the company of a woman to assist him, and he found one at "Billy's Bar."  Acting on a tip that a man who might be a German deserter was hiding out at Billy's Bar, French police conducting a routine search for deserters converged on the bar on 8 January 1946. Cole was killed in the ensuing gunfight after slightly wounding one officer. His body was later identified by Albert Guérisse, his Pat Line colleague who had survived imprisonment by the Germans.

Legacy
Airey Neave of MI9 said that Cole "was among the most selfish and callous traitors who ever served the enemy in time of war." MI9's leader James Langley said of Cole that he was "a con man, thief and utter shit who betrayed his country to the highest bidder for money." However, some historians have speculated that Cole was an agent of Britain's Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). The evidence cited is that MI6's deputy leader Claude Dansey, who also influenced MI9, opposed the execution of Cole when Pat Line first proposed it. The unconfirmed claims are that Dansey placed a higher priority on preserving the intelligence gathering operations of MI6 than the escape lines and tolerated Cole's misdeeds to protect him as an MI6 agent.

Some soldiers whom Cole helped evade German capture defended him. Before defecting to the Germans, Cole was an effective escape line leader, albeit accused of the personal use of funds given him by the Pat Line for expenses. Keith Janes, author of Conscript Heroes whose father was a British soldier stranded in France, said, "I will never fully understand how, why or when Paul [sic] Cole defected to the enemy, but in so far as concerned my father and other evaders, he served them well."

References

Further reading
 Security Service files on Harold Cole are held by the National Archives under references KV 2/415, KV 2/416 and KV 2/417.
 Gordon Young, In Trust and Treason: The Strange Story of Suzanne Warren, Hulton, 1959.
 Brendan Murphy. Turncoat: The Strange Case of Traitor Sergeant Harold Cole, Macdonald & Co., 1987. ().

1906 births
1946 deaths
People shot dead by law enforcement officers in France
British Army personnel of World War II
English World War II spies for Germany
British male criminals
British people imprisoned abroad
British World War II prisoners of war
Double agents
Military personnel from London
English fraudsters
English Nazi collaborators
English prisoners sentenced to death
Escapees from British military detention
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Military history of France during World War II
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Palaeoloxodon mnaidriensis is an extinct species of dwarf elephant belonging to the genus Palaeoloxodon, native to the Siculo-Maltese archipelago during the late Middle Pleistocene and Late Pleistocene. It is derived from the European mainland straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus).

Taxonomy
While previously thought to have inhabited both Malta and Sicily. P. mnaidriensis technically only represents the Maltese species, with remains from Sicily belonging to a separate species, provisionally referred to as P. cf. maidriensis or P. ex gr. mnaidriensis. They descended from a colonisation of Sicily by the straight-tusked elephant (P. antiquus) during the late Middle Pleistocene, around 200,000 years ago, which replaced the even smaller one-metre-tall Palaeoloxodon falconeri, which had descended from a separate colonisation of Sicily by P. antiquus several hundred thousand years prior.

Description
P. mnaidriensis has nearly 90% body reduction compared to the ancestral form with an estimated shoulder height of about  and a mean body weight of about . Another estimate gives a shoulder height of  and a weight of . Like P. antiquus the head has a well developed parieto-occipital crest at the top of the skull.

Ecology
The appearance of P. cf. mnaidriensis on Sicily marks a faunal turnover where the depauperate endemic fauna that characterised Sicily during the Early and early mid-Middle Pleistocene was profoundly altered by the arrival of some large mammals from the continental fauna of mainland Italy, including large predators like lions (Panthera spelaea), cave hyenas (Crocuta crocuta spelea) and wolves, and large herbivores including red deer, fallow deer, steppe bison, aurochs and the hippo Hippopotamus pentlandi, which coexisted with P. cf. mnaidriensis. The larger body size of P. cf. mnaidriensis in comparison to P. falconeri is suggested to be as a result of needing to defend against predators, as well as due to the presence of other competing herbivores. On Malta, the only other large mammal present aside from P. mnaidriensis was the dwarf hippopotamus Hippopotamus melitensis. Its ecology has been suggested to have been that of a mixed feeder (both grazing and browsing).

Extinction
The youngest records of P. cf./ ex gr. mnaidriensis are from what is now the island of Favignana off the coast of western Sicily dating to around 20,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Maximum (though this date is likely to be a minimum age), which was connected to mainland Sicily during the Late Pleistocene, as well as San Teodoro Cave in northeast Sicily, which dates to sometime after 32,000 years ago. These individuals are estimated to have had a shoulder height of roughly , somewhat smaller than other described individuals of P. cf./ ex gr. mnaidriensis.

See also

 Dwarf elephant

References

Palaeoloxodon
Pleistocene proboscideans
Pleistocene species
Pleistocene mammals of Europe
Taxa named by Andrew Leith Adams
Fauna of Malta
Fauna of Sicily
Fossil taxa described in 1874


Shakir Stewart (April 12, 1974 – November 1, 2008), a native of Oakland, California, was a US record executive in a number of companies, the latest being Def Jam. At the time of his death he was the Senior Vice President of Island Def Jam Music Group and the Executive Vice President of Def Jam.

Biography
After graduating from Morehouse College in Atlanta, Stewart used the money he had made from throwing parties at college to build a small studio with a couple of friends. The group then signed several young producers in the Atlanta area.

Stewart's skills as a talent magnet were recognized by Antonio "L.A." Reid, who at the time was just starting the company Hitco Music Publishing, and saw him as someone with "a finger on the pulse of the next generation of hot producers in the Atlanta music scene". At the time Reid was trying to connect to a wholly different market of producers and songwriters and so offered Stewart his first position as an intern-level creative person.

In 2000, he was appointed A&R consultant at LaFace Records signing Ciara to the label. He stayed there until 2004. From 2004 he served as vice president and then senior vice president of A&R for Def Jam.  He signed Atlanta rapper Young Jeezy and Miami rapper Rick Ross.  In June 2008, he was appointed as Executive Vice President of Def Jam where he had replaced Jay-Z, a position left vacant since December 2007.

In addition to discovering new talent Stewart oversaw various projects as Def Jam VP of A&R, including Nas, LL Cool J, and Brutha.

Death
On November 1, 2008, Stewart was found in the bathroom of his home in the Atlanta suburb of Marietta with a self-inflicted gunshot wound. He was pronounced dead at a nearby hospital.

Def Jam stated that Stewart was "a truly incredible friend and father who was an inspiration to not only our artists and employees, but to his family and the many people who had the privilege of counting him as a friend."

References

External links
 AP Obituary in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution
 Interview, HitQuarters Nov 05

1974 births
2008 deaths
Record producers from California
Businesspeople from Atlanta
Businesspeople from Oakland, California
Suicides by firearm in Georgia (U.S. state)
20th-century American businesspeople
Morehouse College alumni


Jasper Yeuell (23 March 1925 – 2003) was an English professional footballer.

After emerging from the junior ranks of West Bromwich Albion, Yeuell signed professional forms with Portsmouth in 1946. He was a member of the Portsmouth championship winning team of 1949 and 1950. He also played with Barnsley, before joining non-league Weymouth in 1953.

External links

1925 births
2003 deaths
English men's footballers
West Bromwich Albion F.C. players
Portsmouth F.C. players
Barnsley F.C. players
Weymouth F.C. players
Men's association football defenders
Sportspeople from Bilston
Footballers from Wolverhampton


The Valley Hospital is a 451-bed, acute-care, not-for-profit hospital in Ridgewood, Bergen County, New Jersey. Valley staff includes more than 1,100 physicians, 3,700 employees and 3,000 volunteers.

In 2020, Valley recorded 41,345 admissions, 51,792 emergency department visits and 3,528 births.

The Valley Hospital is part of Valley Health System, which also includes Valley Home Care and Valley Medical Group.

Healthcare services
Services available at The Valley Hospital include:

 The Valley Heart and Vascular Institute
 The Bolger Emergency Department
 The Blumenthal Cancer Center
 The Total Joint Replacement Center
 The Valley Hospital Breast Center
 The Center for Childbirth (including a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)
 Maternal-Fetal Medicine services
 Pediatrics (including a pediatric emergency room and developmental pediatrics)
 The Neuroscience Center of Excellence
 The Same-Day Services Center
 The Valley Fertility Center
 The Center For Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery
 The Center for Metabolic and Weight Loss Surgery
 The Center for Sleep Medicine
 The Gamma Knife Center
 Mobile Intensive Care Unit (MICU)

Locations

Main Hospital Campus (223 North Van Dien Ave., Ridgewood)
The Valley Hospital's main campus houses the hospital's inpatient medical/surgical services and emergency department, as well as cardiovascular, orthopedic, oncology, mother/baby and neurology services.

Luckow Pavilion (1 Valley Health Plaza, Paramus)
The Robert and Audrey Luckow Pavilion is home to the George R. Jaqua Same Day Services Center, the Daniel and Gloria Blumenthal Cancer Center, the Valley Hospital Fertility Center and the Valley Health Pharmacy.

Kraft Center (15 Essex Road, Paramus)
Support offices for The Valley Hospital, Valley Home Care and Valley Medical Group are located at The Dorothy B. Kraft Center.

Kireker Center for Child Development (140 E. Ridgewood Ave., Paramus)
The Center for Child Development offers care for children with special needs, including developmental pediatrics, rehabilitation therapy, audiology services, feeding therapy, autism programs and more.

The New Valley Hospital
Valley is currently building a 372-bed hospital on a new campus in Paramus. The New Valley Hospital will provide single-patient rooms.  Features such as universally sized operating and procedure rooms will enable the hospital to adapt to changing needs and medical technology. The hospital is expected to open in April, 2024.

Affiliations
In December 2014, Valley announced its affiliation with the Mount Sinai Health System. The academic partnership brings new research opportunities to Valley, with the goal of enhancing the hospital's clinical services and attracting leading physicians. Both institutions will remain independent.

In April 2015, Valley announced its affiliation with Cleveland Clinic's Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart & Vascular Institute. Through this affiliation, Valley has become a member of the Cleveland Clinic Cardiovascular Specialty Network. Both institutions will share best practices in cardiac care, coordinate care, and develop programs to improve quality of care and patient safety.

References

Hospitals in New Jersey
Hospitals in Bergen County, New Jersey


Tom Davin is an American businessman known as the CEO of Panda Restaurant Group.

Early life
Davin graduated from Duke University in 1979.  He then joined the military where he served four years of infantry command assignments included roles as a company commander in 1st Recon Battalion and 3rd Recon Battalion, followed by selection to become an infantry tactics instructor at the USMC officer course, The Basic School, in Quantico VA.  Davin obtained the rank of captain.  He then attended Harvard Business School, graduating in 1987 with a MBA.

Career
Davin began his business career in the mergers group of Goldman Sachs and PepsiCo. He served as Chief Operating Officer of Taco Bell Corporation from 1996 to 2000. From August 2004 to November 2009, Davin served as the CEO of Panda Restaurant Group.  Later, in 2010, he became the CEO of 5.11 Tactical until his retirement on 4 September 2018. Tom Davin is currently working with Black Rifle Coffee Company as Co-CEO alongside former Green Beret and founding CEO Evan Hafer.

References

Duke University alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Harvard Business School alumni
American chief executives
Place of birth missing (living people)
American chief operating officers


Dinosaur man may refer to either:

 A hypothetical sapient dinosaur such as the dinosauroid, conjectured by  Dale Russell in 1982
Stegron the Dinosaur Man in the Marvel Comics universe

Other humanoid dinosaurs in fiction include:

Two species in the Doctor Who universe
 Silurians
 Sea Devil (Doctor Who)
The Sleestak in Land of the Lost
The Voth in the Star Trek universe

See also
Reptilian humanoid


The Ghost of a Flea is a miniature painting by the English poet, painter and printmaker William Blake, held in the Tate Gallery, London. Measuring only , it is executed in a tempera mixture with gold, on a mahogany-type tropical hardwood panel. It was completed between 1819 and 1820, as part of a series depicting "Visionary Heads" commissioned by the watercolourist and astrologist John Varley (1778–1842). Fantastic, spiritual art was popular in Britain from around 1770 to 1830, and during this time Blake often worked on unearthly, supernatural panels to amuse and amaze his friends.

At 21.4 cm × 16.2 cm the work is a greatly reduced miniature portrait. Blake generally worked on a small scale; most of his illuminated pages, engravings and many of his paintings are only inches high. Although Ghost of a Flea is one of Blake's smallest works, it is monumental in its imagination. Its tiny scale achieves drama in contrasting the muscular bulk and apparent power of the creature against its incarnation in the panel as an insect.

Background

Blake first met John Varley in the autumn of 1818. Varley was 21 years younger than the artist,
and has been described as a "genial 17-stone bear of a man." A student of astrology and zodiacal physiognomy, Varley held a strong belief in the existence of spirits, but was frustrated by his inability to see them. Thus he was drawn to Blake, who claimed to have seen visions daily since when as a small child he had seen a tree "filled with angels, bright angelic wings bespangling every bough like stars."<ref name="Dixon">Graham-Dixon, Andrew. "The Ghost of a Flea by William Blake, c. 1819–20". Sunday Telegraph,: "In the Picture; No. 32", November 26, 2000. Retrieved on November 08, 2008.</ref> The two would often gather late at night in Varley's house, and played a game in which Varley would attempt to summon the spirit of a historical or mythological person. On the appearance of the spirit, Blake would then attempt to sketch their likeness.

According to Varley, the imagery of a Flea came to Blake during an 1819 séance. Varley described the scene:

Blake's Victorian biographer Alexander Gilchrist (1828–1861) wrote that, three decades earlier in 1790, "Blake, for the only time in his life, saw a ghost... Standing one evening at his garden-door in Lambeth, and chancing to look up, he saw a horrible grim figure, 'scaly, speckled, very awful,' stalking downstairs towards him. More frightened than ever before or after, he took to his heels, and ran out of the house."

Although not directly stated by Gilchrist, there is a close connection between the ghost and the later The Head of the Ghost of a Flea.

Blake often said that he was joined by invisible sitters as he drew them, including, he claimed, a number of angels, Voltaire, Moses and the Flea, who told him that "fleas were inhabited by the souls of such men as were by nature blood thirsty to excess." In his obituary, it was stated that, "The flea communicated to Mr. Blake what passed, as related to himself, at the Creation. 'It was first intended,' said he (the flea) 'to make me as big as a bullock; but then when it was considered from my construction, so armed—and so powerful withal, that in proportion to my bulk, (mischievous as I now am) that I should have been a too mighty destroyer; it was determined to make me—no bigger than I am."

In both his artwork and poetry, Blake often gave personality and human form to such abstractions as time, death, plague and famine. Fleas are often associated with uncleanliness and degradation; in this work, the artist sought to magnify a flea into "a monsterous creature whose bloodthirsty instinct was imprinted on every detail of its appearance, with 'burning eyes which long for moisture', and a 'face worthy of a murderer'."

Description
The muscular and nude Flea is depicted using its jutting tongue to gorge on a bowl of blood. Part human, part vampire and part reptile, the beast strides from right to left between heavy and richly patterned curtains. In his left hand he holds an acorn and in his right a thorn, both items drawn from the tradition of fairy iconography. His massive neck is similar to that of a bull, and holds a disproportionally small head, marked by glaring eyes and open jaws, and a venomous slithering tongue. According to the art critic Jonathan Jones, the flea is depicted as an "evil, gothic, grotesque stalking through a starry realm between stage curtains."Ghost of a Flea is distinguished by its innovative use of gold leaf. Beneath the curtain folds, the flesh of the flea and bright stars, Blake placed a thin foil of "white" gold which he made from gold-silver alloy. He then used a brush and powdered gold foil made into paint to colour much of the minute detail. Blake overlaid using thick brown paint derived from sugar, gum and glue.

The painting was created using Blake's distinctive tempera technique, which he describes in the lower right of the panel, beneath the shell gold signature, as "fresco". On the reverse of the panel is written, "The Vision of the Spirit that inhabits the body of a Flea, and which appeared to the late Mr. Blake, the Designer of the vignettes for Blair Grave and the Book of Job. The Visions first appeared to him in my presence, and after wards till he had finished this picture. The Flea drew blood on this." Today the work is in relatively poor condition, partly due to the technique employed by Blake. Areas of the surface have cracked and dulled with age.

Although Blake was singular in his ability to directly transcribe visions onto canvas or paper, a number of visual and literary sources can be detected in this work. The art historian Hope Werness suggested that The Flea may be inspired by a 1665 work by early microscopist Robert Hooke (1635–1703), whose Micrographia includes a drawing of a flea microscopically observed.

Comparisons have been made to Henry Fuseli's monstrous imps, while the image of the flea echos figures in Blake's earlier work, and his scaly body is similar to the monster in his 1805 pen and ink drawing Pestilence: Death of the First Born. In 2006, the Tate hung The Ghost of a Flea and William Raddon's 1827 engraving after Fuseli's The Nightmare side by side in  "The Nightmare in Modern Culture" room of their "Fuseli, Blake and the Romantic Imagination" exhibition."The Nightmare in Modern Culture. Tate, 2006. Retrieved on August 9, 2009.

Reception
During his lifetime, Blake's prints were described as the work of a madman. This view was reinforced when word spread that Blake was inspired through visions, and, according to G. E. Bentley, "So plain was Blake's madness to some that they assumed he must have been confined in a madhouse" and few were willing to believe that the artist actually saw anything.

In 2006, the painting was described by The New York Times as Blake's "quite strangest and certainly most Gothic work".

ProvenanceThe Ghost of a Flea was purchased by Varley around 1820, and later passed to his son Albert Varley. A label on the reverse of the canvas states that the panel was sold by Albert in February 1878, a fact confirmed by an inscription written by the poet and artist William Bell Scott (1811–1890) on the inside back cover of the Blake-Varley Sketchbook which reads, "I have since getting this book [in 1870], bought the painting of the "Ghost" of the Flea, from Mr Varley of Oakley St. Chelsea, son of John Varley". On 14 July 1892 it was sold at Sotheby's to W. Graham Robertson for £10.50.

It was first exhibited at Carfax, Oxford, in 1906. In preparation for this showing, the panel was partially cleaned of dust. It was further treated when the exhibition ended by Stanley Littlejohn (1877–1917), who, in the words of the Blake collector W. Graham Robertson, lifted "the veil of darkness...from it without any impairing of the surface, and the picture now appears exactly as described by Allan Cunningham.  The colours, though deep, are clear and brilliant; the gold, used to heighten the lights, shines with its old power, and on the floor, between the feet of the striding." It was first displayed at the Tate on loan in 1913, and donated to the gallery by Robertson in 1948. The sketch, along with several other of Blake's drawings and watercolours, had been donated to the gallery in 1940 by Alice G.E. Carthew.

Notes

Sources
 Bentley, G.E. The Stranger From Paradise. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.
 Bentley, G.E. Blake Records Oxford: Clarendon, 1969
 Butlin, Martin. William Blake 1757–1827. London: Tate Gallery Collections, V, 1990. ASIN B00188DELU
 Kuijsten, Marcel. Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited. Julian Jaynes Society, 2007.
 Myrone, Martin. The Blake Book. London: Tate Gallery, 2007.
 Raine, Kathleen. William Blake. London: Thames and Hudson, 1970.
 Robertson, Graham. The Blake Collection of W. Graham Robertson. London: Faber and Faber Limited, 1952
 Spencer, Terence. The Iconography of Crabtree. The Crabtree Orations 1954–1994. London: Crabtree Foundation, 1997
 Townsend, Joyce (ed.). William Blake: The Painter at Work. London: Tate Publishing, 2003.
 Werness, Hope D. The Continuum Encyclopaedia of Animal Symbolism in World Art. Continuum International Publishing Group, 2004.
 "William Blake" (obituary). Literary Chronicle'', 1 September 1827

External links

 Tate display caption from 2004
 Tate display caption for the sister drawing The Head of the Ghost of a Flea
 See the drawing in Tate Britain's Prints and Drawings Rooms

1820 paintings
Collection of the Tate galleries
Art by William Blake


The Salvador Dalí House-Museum is the house in Portlligat, Catalonia, Spain, where Salvador Dalí lived and worked from 1930 to 1982. After the death of his wife Gala Dalí, he took up residence at Púbol Castle.

History
The house, formerly a number of small fisherman's huts, has a labyrinthine structure which from one point of departure, the Bear Lobby, spreads out and winds around in a succession of zones linked by narrow corridors, slight changes of level, and blind passageways.

All the rooms have windows of different shapes and proportions framing the same landscape that is a constant point of reference in Dalí's work: the Portlligat bay.

Gallery

References

External links

Alt Empordà
Art museums and galleries in Catalonia
Artists' studios in Spain
Biographical museums in Spain
Historic house museums in Catalonia
Salvador Dalí


Nostalgia In Stereo is the second album released by Coheed and Cambria guitarist Travis Stever, under the name of Davenport Cabinet.

Track listing
   "Square One"
   "Nostalgia In Stereo"
   "Thieves"
   "Milk Foot"
   "Wrecking Ball"
   "Rusty Knives"
   "Angel On The Shoulder"
   "Pissing In The Wind"
   "12 Hours"
   "Tired Of Driving"
   "Demon Fire"

2008 albums
Davenport Cabinet albums
Equal Vision Records albums


Oxetorone (), as oxetorone fumarate () (brand names Nocertone, Oxedix), is a serotonin antagonist, antihistamine, and alpha blocker used as an antimigraine drug. Association with hyperprolactinemia has been described and antidopaminergic actions are also suspected.

References

Antimigraine drugs
Alpha blockers
H1 receptor antagonists
Heterocyclic compounds with 4 rings
Serotonin receptor antagonists
Oxygen heterocycles
Tetracyclic compounds
Dimethylamino compounds


Philip William Rookes (23 April 1919 – February 2003) was an English footballer who played as a full back in the Football League.

Career
Born in Dulverton, Somerset, Rookes played for Bradford City, Portsmouth and Colchester United in the Football League.

Rookes joined Bradford City in October 1936 from Worksop Town. He made 11 league and 3 FA Cup appearances, before joining Portsmouth in January 1938.

He was a member of the Portsmouth First Division championship-winning teams of 1948–49 and 1949–50.

Club
Portsmouth
 Football League First Division Winner (2): 1948–49, 1949–50
 Football League War Cup Winner (1): 1941–42

Sources

References

1919 births
2003 deaths
English men's footballers
Men's association football fullbacks
Worksop Town F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Portsmouth F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Chichester City F.C. (1873) players
English Football League players
People from Dulverton
Footballers from Somerset


Iprazochrome is an antimigraine agent used for prophylaxis of the attacks. It is also indicated for diabetic retinopathy (both treatment and prevention in people with type-2 diabetes).

Chemically, it is a derivative of adrenochrome, which is a product of adrenaline oxidation. And it is a derivative of carbazochrome as well.

Mechanism of action
It is a serotonin antagonist both in vitro and in vivo (it is a 5-HT2D receptor antagonist). It also neutralises other vasoactive compounds such as bradykinin, histamine, and others.

This drug decreases the permeability and fragility of blood vessels, which reduces the number of migraine days and attenuates the symptoms associated with this condition, but it does not eliminate them altogether.

In animal models, iprazochrome was shown not to decrease the spreading depression velocity, which is a feature of other antimigraine agents and is thought to be one of the essential causes of classical migraines.

Dose
For migraines, 1-3 tabletes (each tablet contains 2.5 mg of iprazochrome) are taken three times a day. An abortive medication is recommended in the first weeks of treatment.

For diabetic retinopaty, 2 tablets are taken three times a day. If the initial treatment was successful, it can be reduced to 1 tablet three times a day.

The effect of this medication is usually seen after a month. It's achieves its full efficacy after 3 months of treatment.

Side effects
It can work as an anorectic and can cause skin allergic reactions after discontinuing.

This drug was also shown to induce pain in patients with atypical facial pain.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption
After taking the drug on empty stomach, it is rapidly absorbed. Peak serum concentration (Cmax) is achieved after 1 hour, but its effect on blood vessels is seen only after 3 hours.

Elimination
The half-life of iprazochrome is 2.2 hours. It is metabolised renally and 20% is eliminated in an unchanged form.

There are two known metabolites of iprazochrome: an indole derivative (detected in urine) and a 6-hydroxy derivative (detected in feces).

References

Antimigraine drugs
Semicarbazones
Indolines
Secondary alcohols
Isopropyl compounds


Martanesh () is a geographic and ethnographic region within the Dibër County in eastern Albania. Formerly a commune, at the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 1,836. The settlement holding the status of town is Krastë, which was also the center of the commune. The population is largely Bektashi with a rather small Catholic minority, and the commune contains the Teqe of Martanesh.

History
Martanesh is recorded in the Ottoman defter of 1467 as a hass-ı mir-liva settlement in the vilayet of Mati. Although the register's complete survey on the village is missing, the following household heads are attested: Pal Rusi, Gjon Liti, Martin Dajxhi, Peter Mirneli, Pelgrin Zaboli, Todor Rusi, Benk Titko, Andrija Çukali, Peter Rusi, Gjon Zhaboli, Ariza Kuqi, Peter Kurpendi, Pelgrin Kurpendi, Gjergj Stepani, Gjon Skani, Andrija Pisha, Gjon Stipani, Lala Pisha, Ilia Manisi, Todor Mani, Dom Lishi, Dom Todori, Gjon Todori, Todor Inboliti, Tanush Gjon Skulja, Nikolla Rusi, and Lazar. The register records that the village was exempt from paying the haraç tax. Later records show the Vorpsi family also had links and past roots in Martanesh, having had some settlements there before being in mainland Tirana. Shyqyriu Vorpsi was a Partisan along with Baba Faja Martaneshi.

Notable people
Baba Faja Martaneshi

References

Former municipalities in Dibër County
Administrative units of Bulqizë


The Diocese of Kalgoorlie was a diocese of the Church of England in Australia (now the Anglican Church of Australia). It covered much of the Goldfields-Esperance region in Western Australia, and existed from the consecration of its first bishop in 1914 until its re-absorption back into the Anglican Diocese of Perth in 1973. At that point the Kalgoorlie diocese was reported to contain only eight parishes, and was financially unviable as a separate entity.

The cathedral was St John the Baptist, Kalgoorlie, which before and after the separate existence of the diocese was the parish church of Kalgoorlie.

Bishops

References

Former Anglican dioceses in Australia
Province of Western Australia


Pioneers of Prosperity is an awards programme for entrepreneurs in Africa, the Caribbean and Central America that have created wealth and invested in their society. Its aim is to recognise and support today's successful enterprises and inspire the next generation of entrepreneurs, leading to stronger, more sustainable development in these regions. Winning companies receive up to $100,000 to invest in their business.

The first awards ceremony took place in 2007 in Kigali, Rwanda. The second African award ceremony took place in Kigali, Rwanda on November 19, 2008, and awards will be held in the Caribbean and Central America in early 2009.

Objectives
The stated objective of Pioneers of Prosperity is "to foster greater prosperity in developing countries by influencing the assumptions and behaviors of entrepreneurs, policymakers, academics and business leaders". The program highlights successful models of enterprise-based development, thereby creating a stronger culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. Specifically, the program aims to do the following:
1 - Identify competitive small and medium-size companies that are developing promising business models;
2 - Invest in these firms through award prize money;
3 - Diffuse the ideas, attitudes, and practices that set these firms apart from their peers so they may serve as role models to aspiring entrepreneurs in the region; and
4 - Focus international organizations on the private sector as a means for economic development.

Africa Awards

In 2007, the inaugural Legatum Pioneers of Prosperity Africa Awards launched in five African Great Lakes countries. More than 450 firms competed from which five winners and one grand prize winner were selected. The winners received their awards in Kigali, Rwanda by His Excellency, President Paul Kagame of Rwanda on November 30, 2007.

The grand prize winner was Kenyan firm AAA Growers, which provides fresh-cut vegetables to the U.K. market; additional winners included Kencall, Enterprise Urwibutso, Virtual City Limited, Good African Coffee, and Tele-10.

The 2007 program was captured in a documentary ‘Unlocking Africa’ made by award-winning filmmaker Jeff Zimbalist.

In 2008, the Legatum Pioneers of Prosperity Awards (Africa) expanded to 10 countries across Africa and received almost 1,500 applications from small and medium-sized enterprise in Botswana, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa and Uganda. On November 19, 2008, the second Legatum Pioneers of Prosperity Africa Grand Prize was awarded to Superflux International, a security printing solutions company in Nigeria; other prizes were awarded to firms from Kenya, Rwanda, South Africa and Uganda. The presentation ceremony was attended by H.E. Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Rwanda, and the guest of honour, H.E. Mwai Kibaki, President of the Republic of Kenya, who awarded the Grand Prize.

The cash prizes for the Africa awards totaled US$350k and the winners were selected by a jury process from a pool of applicants evaluated according to the COW-F framework.

Caribbean and Central America Awards

In February 2009, the Pioneers of Prosperity Awards launched in seven countries in the Caribbean, including Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. Later in 2009, Pioneers of Prosperity will launch across Central America, including the countries of Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama.

The competition is open to all private sector small and medium enterprises (SMEs) based in the participating countries that have between 5 and 250 employees and annual revenues of US$100,000 and $5,000,000. The prizes for the Caribbean awards will total to $600,000, including a $100,000 grand prize winner and several smaller prizes ranging from $5,000 to $50,000. Just under 600 firms applied for the competition, which closed on March 23, 2009. The winners will be selected by a jury process from a pool of applicants evaluated according to the COW-F framework, and the prizes awarded in June 2009.

Theoretical background

The Pioneers of Prosperity program uses the COW-F framework, conceived of by development expert and author Michael Fairbanks, to identify promising business models.  The COW-F framework asserts that a good business model provides a unique value proposition to all of its stakeholders: Customers, Owners, Workers, and Future generations.

Customers receive a product they value at a competitive price; Owners receive an above average return for their investment; Workers receive a high and rising standard of living; and all of this is achieved without eroding the social or environment fabric for future generations, and ideally while investing in the broader public good.

According to Fairbanks, COW-F firms understand the correlation between satisfied employees and a successful business. Satisfied employees take pride in their place of work, have higher degrees of loyalty to their employer and have a vested interest in seeing the company succeed.  The assumption is that by investing in their employees, through both rising wages and employee training, employers find themselves with happier employees that are more productive.  Highly productive employees are a critical component of a successful business.

The ‘Pioneers of Prosperity’ program identifies and rewards outstanding emerging market COW-F entrepreneurs.  By publicizing their stories and rewarding their efforts, it is hoped that the benefits of the COW-F model can be disseminated across the developing world.  As a condition of the grant, the winners use award proceeds for improvement of the skills and capabilities necessary to further enhance the COW-F model for their workers.  The training may focus on both management and technical skills, including:  financial management, market research techniques, product design, sales, and customer service.

Funders

Pioneers of Prosperity is funded by the multilateral development agency Inter-American Development Bank, the private equity firm Legatum, the John Templeton Foundation and the philanthropy Social Equity Venture Fund (SEVEN).  It is implemented by the OTF Group, an international economic development consulting firm.

See also

 List of economics awards

External links

Pioneers of Prosperity homepage http://www.pioneersofprosperity.org
Pioneers of Prosperity – delicious http://delicious.com/PioneersofProsperity
InterAmerican Development Bank http://www.iadb.org
Legatum Global Development http://www.legatum.com
The John Templeton Foundation http://www.templeton.org

References

Economic development awards


Thierry Grégoire (Charleville-Mézières) is a French countertenor.

Biography

Gregoire studied at the Ecole Nationale De Musique - Charleville Mezieres, where he won 1st Prize in the class of Mme Josette Barreaud. He also studied under James Bowman, Paul Esswood, Henri Ledroit, Margreet Honig and Hubert Weller. At the suggestion of Henri Ledroit he auditioned as a singer in Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme by Molière and Lully at Comédie Francaise. He went on to sing in over 350 performances of the work. He then came to the attention of conductors such as Jean-Claude Malgoire, Christophe Rousset, Jonathan Darlington, and Marc Minkowski. Under Minkowski he has sung the title role in Alessandro Stradella's oratorio San Giovanni Battista, performed in Handel's Dixit Dominus and Monteverdi's L'incoronazione di Poppea as well as singing the role of Coryphée in Minkowski's 1999 recording of Gluck's Armide.

Amongst the music festivals where he has appeared are the Aix-en-Provence Festival, Festival de Beaune, Festival d'Ile de France (Paris), Festival d’Art Sacré de la Ville de Paris, and the Wiener Festwochen (Vienna).
He also appeared on the international stage in productions in New York City, Vienna, Amsterdam, Tokyo, Paris as well as in concerts in Europe, Morocco, India, and Australia.

In 2003 he appeared in a series of recitals in Europe with the mezzo-soprano Magdalena Kožená.  In March 2004, the French music magazine Classica featured him as a Classica RTL young talent and included the RTL Discoveries CD Thierry Gregoire chante Vivaldi et Haendel. Since 2005 Gregoire has also been a voice teacher at Ecole Nationale De Musique - Charleville Mezieres.

Awards
 1998 Prize winner - International Competition "Giovan Battista Velluti" - New Voices for Opera
 2001 Czech Crystal Award, Golden Prague International Television Festival - Best recording of a concert or stage performance (opera, operetta, ballet, dance, musical), Magdalena Kožená and Thierry Gregoire Česká televize, Brno Television Studio, Czech Republic

Quotes
 "Thierry Gregoire has a rich, deep and moving mezzo voice " - Le Monde de la musique
 "Thierry Gregoire has the ideal voice for Ottone" - Sergio Segalini, musicologist and former Artistic Director of La Fenice

Discography
 CD
 Monteverdi - Orfeo (Pastore) - Conductor: Jean-Claude Malgoire
 Haendel - Agrippina (Ottone) - Conductor: Jean-Claude Malgoire
 Vivaldi - Tito Manlio (Decio) - Conductor: Federico Maria Sardelli
 Vivaldi - Orlando Furioso (Ruggiero) - Conductor: Federico Maria Sardelli
 Gluck - Armide Conductor: Marc Minkowski
 Lully - Acis et Galatée - Conductor: Marc Minkowski
 Cavalli - Requiem - Conductor: Françoise Lasserre
 Palestrina - Madrigaux - Conductor: Françoise Lasserre
 Cavanna - Raphael, reviens!
 DVD
 Monteverdi - Incoronazione di Poppea - Conductor: Marc Minkowski, (Aix-en-Provence Festival)
 Handel - Agrippina (Ottone) - Conductor: Jean-Claude Malgoire
 Monteverdi - Orfeo (Pastore) - Conductor: Jean-Claude Malgoire

References

Biography: Thierry Gregoire Gabriele Monici Artist Management. Accessed 6 December 2008.

External links
Thierry Grégoire - official web site

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Charleville-Mézières
Operatic countertenors
21st-century French male opera singers
Voice teachers


Fushë-Bulqizë is a village and a former municipality in the Dibër County, eastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform, it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 3,342. The etymology of Fushë-Bulqizë  from the Albanian language translates to in English as “Field of Bulqizë” referring to being the field of the region.

References

Former municipalities in Dibër County
Administrative units of Bulqizë
Villages in Dibër County


Milwaukee Road Depot can refer to the following former and active train stations used by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad:

Idaho

 Avery Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington

Iowa

 Albert City Depot – located on a branch line from Des Moines, Iowa to Spencer, Iowa
 Calmar Passenger Depot – located on the line from Madison, Wisconsin to Rapid City, South Dakota
 Charles City Depot – located on the line from Madison, Wisconsin to Rapid City, South Dakota
 Clear Lake Depot – located on the line from Madison, Wisconsin to Rapid City, South Dakota
 Davenport Freighthouse – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Kansas City, Missouri
 Decorah Combination Depot – located on a branch line from Conover to Decorah
 Delmar Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Omaha, Nebraska
 Fayette Depot – located on the line from Jackson Junction to Monticello
 Grafton Depot - located on the line from Mason City to Austin, Minnesota
 Hornick Combination Depot – located along the abandoned Sioux City Branch that operated from 1887 to 1980. It has been converted into a museum.
 Jefferson Depot - located on the line from Spirit Lake to Des Moines
 La Motte Depot – located on the line from Bellevue to Cascade
 Mason City Depot – located on the line from Madison, Wisconsin to Rapid City, South Dakota
 New Albin Depot – located on the line from La Crescent, Minnesota to Davenport, Iowa
 Preston Depot – located on the line from Elk River Junction to Delmar
Spirit Lake Depot – located along U.S. Highway 71/Iowa Highway 9 where the Milwaukee Road line from Spirit Lake, Iowa to Spencer, Iowa sat between 1883 and 1972. It is now used as the Dickinson County Museum.

Illinois

 Bartlett Station – located on the suburban line from Chicago, Illinois to Elgin, Illinois
 Cedar Point Depot - located on the line between Davis Junction and Oglesby
 Deerfield Station – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Milwaukee, Wisconsin
 Durand Depot - located on the line from Racine, Wisconsin to Kitteredge, Illinois
 Freeport Depot - located on the line from Racine, Wisconsin to Kitteredge, Illinois
 Fulton Depot - located on the secondary line from Savanna, Illinois to Moline, Illinois.
 Mendota Station - located on the line between Davis Junction and Oglesby which was abandoned in 1980.
 Moline Depot - located on the secondary line from Savanna, Illinois to Moline, Illinois.
 Rock City Depot - located on the line from Racine, Wisconsin to Kitteredge, Illinois

Michigan

 Amasa Depot
 Channing Depot
 Iron Mountain Depot
 Iron River Depot – located on a branch line from Kelso Junction (near Channing, Michigan) to the terminus at Iron River, Michigan
 Menominee Depot – the terminus of the branch line from Crivitz, Wisconsin to Menominee, Michigan
 Ontonagon Depot
 Randville Depot

Minnesota

In Use

 Red Wing Station – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Winona Station – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington

No Longer In Use

 Albert Lea Depot – located on the mainline from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Madison, South Dakota
 Alpha Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Austin Passenger Depot – located on a branch line from Madison, Wisconsin to Austin, Minnesota
 Bixby Depot – located on the line from Farmington to Ramsey
 Brownsdale Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Brownsville Depot – located on the line from La Crescent to Davenport, Iowa
 Canton Depot – located on the line from Reno to Isinours
 Chaska Depot – located on the line from Farmington to Cologne
 Clinton Depot – located on a branch line from Ortonville, Minnesota to Fargo, North Dakota
 Dexter Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Dresbach Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Faribault Depot – located on the line from Farmington to Ramsey
 Farmington Depot – located at the junction of multiple lines
 Fulda Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Granada Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Granite Falls Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Harmony Depot – located on the line from Reno to Isinours
 Hastings Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Huntley Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Jackson Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 La Crescent Depot – located at the junction of the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota, and the line from La Crescent to Davenport, Iowa
 Le Center Depot – located on the line from Farmington to Wells
 Minneapolis Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Montevideo Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Northfield Depot – located on the line from Farmington to Ramsey
 Peterson Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Prosper Depot – located on the line from Reno to Isinours
 Rapidan Depot – located on the line from Farmington to Wells
 Rushford Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 St. Louis Park Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Spring Grove Depot – located on the line from Reno to Isinours
 Vermillion Depot – located on the line from Hastings to Farmington
 Wanamingo Depot – located on the line from Faribault to Zumbrota
 Whalan Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Wheaton Depot - located on a branch line from Ortonville, Minnesota to Fargo, North Dakota
 Welcome Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota
 Wells Depot and Lunchroom – a junction located on the mainline from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Madison, South Dakota and the branch line from Wells, Minnesota to Farmington, Minnesota
 Wirock Depot – located on the line from La Crosse, Wisconsin to Wessington Springs, South Dakota

Montana

 Alberton Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Butte Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Geraldine Depot – located on a branch line from Harlowton, Montana to Great Falls, Montana
 Great Falls Passenger Depot – located on a branch line from Harlowton, Montana to Great Falls, Montana
 Missoula Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington

North Dakota

 Bowman Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Brisbane Depot - located on a branch line from Mclaughlin, South Dakota to New England, North Dakota
 Bucyrus Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Christine Depot - located on a branch line from Ortonville, Minnesota to Fargo, North Dakota
 Elgin Depot - located on a branch line from Mclaughlin, South Dakota to New England, North Dakota
 Ellendale Depot - located on a branch line from Aberdeen, South Dakota to Edgeley, North Dakota
 Fairmount Depot - located on a branch line from Ortonville, Minnesota to Fargo, North Dakota
 Fargo Depot - located on a branch line from Ortonville, Minnesota to Fargo, North Dakota
 Gascoyne Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Haynes Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Hettinger Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Marmarth Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Raleigh Depot - located on a branch line from Mclaughlin, South Dakota to New England, North Dakota
 Reeder Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Scranton Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Selfridge Depot - located on a branch line from Mclaughlin, South Dakota to New England, North Dakota
 Strasburg Depot - located on a branch line from Roscoe, South Dakota to Bismarck, North Dakota

South Dakota

 Aberdeen Depot a junction located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington and the mainline from Sioux City, Iowa to Aberdeen, South Dakota, and where a branch to Edgely diverged.
 Java Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Kadoka Depot – located on the mainline from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Rapid City, South Dakota
 Madison Depot – a junction located on the mainline from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Madison, South Dakota and on a branch line from Madison, South Dakota to Bristol, South Dakota
 Morristown Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Rapid City Freighthouse – located on the mainline from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Rapid City, South Dakota
 Thunder Hawk Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Utica Depot - located on a branch line from Sioux City, Iowa to Mitchell, South Dakota
 Watauga Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Yankton Depot – located on the mainline from Sioux City, Iowa to Aberdeen, South Dakota

Washington

 Kittitas Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 South Cle Elum Depot and Yard – located on the mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Tacoma, Washington
 Tacoma Depot

Wisconsin

In Use

 Columbus Station – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Milwaukee Intermodal Station – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 La Crosse Station – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Tomah Station – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington

No Longer In Use

 Arena Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Avoca Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Beaver Dam Depot - located on the line from Portage to Horicon
 Black Earth Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Blue River Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Boscobel Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Brodhead Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Brookfield Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Cedarburg Depot - located on the mainline from Milwaukee to Ontonagon
 Darlington Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Doylestown Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Dunbarton Depot – located on the branch line from Gratiot to Shullsburg
 Edgerton Depot - located on the line from Madison to Rondout, Illinois
 Fox Lake Depot - located on the line from Portage to Horicon
 Gotham Depot – located on the branch line from Lone Rock to Richland Center
 Gratiot Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Green Bay Depot –  located on the mainline from Chicago to Ontonagon, Michigan
 Hartland Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Juda Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Knowlton Depot – located on the line from New Lisbon to Star Lake
 Madison Depot – located on a branch line from Rondout, Illinois, to Madison, Wisconsin, northern terminus of the line
 Marinette Depot – located on a branch line from Crivitz to Menominee, Michigan
 Mazomanie Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Middleton Depot - located on the line from Madison to Rapid City
 Milwaukee Everett Street Depot – demolished, was located on the mainline from Chicago to Milwaukee
 Mineral Point Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Monroe Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Monticello Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Nashota Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 New Glarus Depot - located on the branch line from New Glarus to Brodhead
 New Lisbon Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Oakdale Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington
 Oconomowoc Depot – located on the mainline from Chicago to Seattle and Tacoma and the commuter line from Milwaukee to Watertown
 Orfordville Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Prairie du Chien Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City
 Prairie du Sac Depot – located on the branch line from Mazomanie to Prairie du Sac
 Richland Center Depot - located on a branch line from Lone Rock to Richland Center
 South Wayne Depot – located on the line from Janesville to Mineral Point
 Sturtevant Depot - located on the mainline from Chicago to Tacoma, Washington, relocated to park, new Amtrak depot
 Viroqua Depot - located on a branch line from Sparta to Viroqua
 Walworth Depot - located on the branch line from Rondout, Illinois to Madison, Wisconsin
 Wausau Depot – located on the line from New Lisbon to Star Lake
 Woodman Depot – located on the mainline from Madison to Rapid City


David Bloch-Blumenfeld (; 1880 – 27 November 1947), sometimes simply David Bloch, was one of the leaders of the Labor Zionism movement in Mandate Palestine and mayor of Tel Aviv in 1925–27. Moshav Dovev in northern Israel is named after him.

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20110721142932/http://www.ahuzatbait.org.il/Index.asp?ArticleID=234&CategoryID=213&Page=1

1880 births
1947 deaths
Jews from the Russian Empire
Jewish mayors
Jewish socialists
Jews from Mandatory Palestine
Poale Zion politicians
Mayors of Tel Aviv-Yafo
Officers of the Order of the White Lion
Burials at Trumpeldor Cemetery


Gjoricë () is a former municipality in the Dibër County, eastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 4,214.

Demographics
In 1900, Vasil Kanchov traveled throughout the region and reported on who lived there, finding that the towns of what is now the Gjoricë municipality included Gjoricë ( Gorica) with 900 Albanian Muslims, Viçisht with 130 Albanian Muslims and Lubalesh with 160 Albanian Muslims.

Lubalesh has some Torbeš living in the village.

During the 2000s linguists Klaus Steinke and Xhelal Ylli in search of Slavic speaking villages in Albania carried out fieldwork in settlements of the area. They visited villages such as Gjoricë and in that area found no Slavic speaking populations. Additionally detailed interviews with local inhabitants did not indicate that there where other places with Slavic speaking people inhabitants in this area.

Notable people
Vladan Gjurica, one of the principal advisors of Skanderbeg and chief army quartermaster

References

Former municipalities in Dibër County
Administrative units of Bulqizë


Cyril Henry Golding-Bird (18 September 1876 – 9 April 1955) was an Anglican bishop in the early decades of the 20th century.

He was born on 18 September 1876 and educated at Merchant Taylors' and Lincoln College, Oxford. Ordained in 1897 he was initially a curate at All Saints, Margaret Street in London and then a missionary priest in South Africa.

After time as vicar of St Barnabas', Dover, he began a long period of service overseas: first as dean of the Falkland Islands; then a similar post in Newcastle, New South Wales following which he was ordained to the episcopate as Bishop of Kalgoorlie.

Translated to Mauritius in 1919, he returned to England eleven years later to become an Assistant Bishop of Guildford and Archdeacon of Dorking, then of Surrey, until his final resignation in 1949, before his death on 9 April 1955.

References

External links
All Saints Margaret Street

1876 births
People educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood
Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford
Anglican deans
20th-century Anglican bishops in Australia
Anglican bishops of Mauritius
Anglican bishops of Kalgoorlie
Archdeacons of Dorking
Archdeacons of Surrey
1955 deaths
Anglican missionaries in South Africa
British Mauritius people
English Anglican missionaries
Assistant bishops of Guildford
20th-century Anglican Church of Southern Africa bishops


The Chequers Estate Act 1917 (7 & 8 Geo. 5. c. 55) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that designates Chequers as the official country residence of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. It was given royal assent on 20 December 1917.

The Act was the first piece of legislation to recognise the existence of a Prime Minister even though the head of government had been referred to unofficially as "Prime Minister" since the early 18th century.

References

United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1917
1917 in British law


Mark Gottlieb (born December 11, 1956) is an American civil engineer who served as a Republican Party member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing the 60th Assembly District and was Secretary of the Department of Transportation from 2011-2017.

Background
Born in Milwaukee on December 11, 1956, Gottlieb graduated from James Madison High School (Milwaukee) in 1974, then served in the United States Navy from 1974-78. He earned B.S. (1981) and Master of Engineering (1984) degrees from the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, and became a civil engineer.

Public office
Gottlieb served on the Port Washington Common Council 1991-1997 and then as mayor of Port Washington, Wisconsin from 1997-2003, and was first elected to the Assembly in 2002. He was elected Speaker Pro Tempore for the 2007-2008 legislative session.

When the Democratic Party took control of the Assembly after the 2008 elections, Gottlieb was elected Assistant Republican Leader for the 2009-2010 session.

In the 2009-2010 session, Gottlieb was the ranking member of the Joint Survey Committee on Retirement Systems and a member of the Joint Committee on Legislative Organization. He also served on the following Assembly committees: Rules, Urban and Local Affairs, and Colleges and Universities.

On December 30, 2010, Governor-elect Scott Walker announced that Gottlieb would serve in his cabinet as Secretary of the Department of Transportation. Gottlieb resigned from the Assembly on January 3, 2011 to assume that position. On December 27, 2016, it was announced that Gottlieb was resigning, which took effect on January 6, 2017. He was replaced by Dave Ross.

References

External links
Mark Gottlieb, Wisconsin Historical Society

1956 births
American civil engineers
Living people
State cabinet secretaries of Wisconsin
Wisconsin city council members
Mayors of places in Wisconsin
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Politicians from Milwaukee
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee alumni
21st-century American politicians
People from Port Washington, Wisconsin


Zerqan (Albanian pronunciation: ) is a village and a former municipality in the Dibër County, eastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 4,111.

Historical demographics
Zerqan (Zirklani) appears in the Ottoman defter of 1467 as a settlement in the vilayet of Dulgoberda. The village had a total 11 households represented by the following household heads: Pop Dimitri, Gjureja son of Gjoni, Andrije brother of Pop Dimitri, Dimitri Pllasha, Kolë Sigori, Obertkoja son of Pop, Tanush Arbenasi, Kolë Osmaku, Andreja Kimëza, Martin Mimiza, and Gjergj Liu.

In 1900, Vasil Kanchov gathered and compiled statistics on demographics in the area, finding a mainly Albanian area in and around Zerqan: the villages of Zerqan, Smollik, Sofraçan and Sopot were all entirely Albanian inhabited, while Tërnovë was inhabited by Slavic Muslims.

References

Former municipalities in Dibër County
Administrative units of Bulqizë
Villages in Dibër County


Thesiger Bay is a Canadian Arctic waterway in the Northwest Territories. It is an arm of the Beaufort Sea on southwestern Banks Island. The Masik River empties into Thesiger Bay.

The bay is approximately  south of Sachs Harbour.

Ringed seal frequent the area.

References

External links
 Diagram

Bays of the Northwest Territories


Saucillo is a city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua.
It serves as the municipal seat of the surrounding municipality of  Saucillo.

As of 2010, the city of Saucillo had a population of 11,004, up from 9,261 as of 2005.

See also
San Bernardino, Chihuahua

References

Populated places in Chihuahua (state)


Great Cressingham is a Norfolk village which lies about  of Watton,  south of Swaffham and only  off the A1065 arterial road just north of Hilborough. It is  north west by road from Little Cressingham. In 2007 it had an estimated population of 235, in an area of , including Little Cressingham and increasing to 421 at the 2011 Census.

The village's name origin is uncertain but probably means 'Homestead/village of Cressa's people', or perhaps, 'cress homestead/village'.

The village church is dedicated to Saint Michael. in the Benefice of Cockley Cley.

There is a pub called the Olde Windmill Inn.

The village school was built in 1840. It was used as a local Authority school until 1992 and was then acquired by Tom and Sally North. They have restored it as closely as possible to how it would have been in Victorian times and now run free historical school days.

Great Cressingham is on the very edge of the British Army's Stanford Training Area.

References

http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Norfolk/Great%20and%20Little%20Cressingham

Villages in Norfolk
Breckland District
Civil parishes in Norfolk


Shupenzë is a village and a former municipality in the Dibër County, eastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 5,503.

Historical demographics
In 1900, Vasil Kanchov gathered and compiled statistics on demographics in the area and reported the populations of ten villages in the modern municipality, including Bllacë, Boçevë, Homesh ( Omezhe), Kovashicë, Mazhicë, Okshatinë, Shtushaj, Topojan, Vlashaj and Zogjaj. All ten were reported as being Albanian-inhabited, with a total population amongst them of 4080.

References

Former municipalities in Dibër County
Administrative units of Bulqizë
Villages in Dibër County


The zero-width space , abbreviated ZWSP, is a non-printing character used in computerized typesetting to indicate word boundaries to text-processing systems for scripts that do not use explicit spacing, or after characters not followed by a visible space after which there may be a line break.

Purpose
The zero-width space marks a potential line break without hyphenation; for hyphenated line breaks, a soft hyphen is used. The zero-width space can be used to mark word breaks in languages without visible space between words, such as Thai, Myanmar, Khmer, and Japanese.

Unlike fixed-width spaces, in justified text that increases spacing between letters, characters adjacent to the zero-width space are spaced as if it was not present.

Example
To show the effect of the zero-width space, the following words have been separated with zero-width spaces:

And the following words are not separated with these spaces:

On browsers supporting zero-width spaces, resizing the window will re-break the first text only at word boundaries, while the second text will not be broken at all.

Usage

HTML
In HTML pages, the HTML element <wbr> functions as a zero-width space. In Internet Explorer 6, the zero-width space was not supported in some fonts.

Prohibition in domain names
ICANN rules prohibit domain names from containing non-displayed characters, including the zero-width space, and most browsers prohibit their use within domain names because they can be used to create a homograph attack, where a malicious URL is visually indistinguishable from a legitimate one.

Encoding
The zero-width space character is encoded in Unicode as , and input in HTML as ,  or . Contrary to what their names suggest, the character entities , , , and  also refer to the zero-width space.

The TeX representation is ; the LaTeX representation is \hspace{0pt}; and the groff representation is \:.

Its semantics and HTML implementation are similar to the soft hyphen, except that soft hyphens display a hyphen character at the point where the line is broken.

See also
 Hair space
 Whitespace character – including a table comparing various space-like characters
 Word divider
 Word wrapping
 Word joiner (U+2060: ), as well as zero-width no-break space (U+FEFF: )
 Zero-width joiner (U+200D: )
 Zero-width non-joiner (U+200C: )

References

Citations

Sources

Control characters
Typography
Unicode formatting code points
Whitespace


Mond may refer to:

Science and industry
 MOND (Modified Newtonian dynamics), a proposed adjustment to the classical inverse-square law of gravity
 Mond gas, a cheap form of coal gas
 Mond Nickel Company, a defunct mining company
 Brunner Mond, a chemicals company
 Der Mond, a 1837 description of the Moon by Johann Heinrich von Mädler and Wilhelm Beer

Other
 Mond (playing card), a trump card in Tarock games
 Mond (surname)
 Mond River, a river in Iran
 Der Mond, an opera in one act

See also
 Mond Mond Mond , a German television series


The Privacy Protection Act of 1980 is legislation passed in the United States that protects journalists and newsrooms from search by government officials.  The act protects "work products" and "documentary materials," which have been broadly interpreted.  A subpoena must be ordered by the court to gain access to the information. The act stemmed in part from Zurcher v. Stanford Daily.

References

1980 in American law
United States federal legislation articles without infoboxes
United States federal privacy legislation
Journalism in the United States


Thioinosinic acid (or thioinosine monophosphate, TIMP) is an intermediate metabolite of azathioprine, an immunosuppressive drug.

References

Nucleotides
Purines


The Men's Shot Put F33-34/52 had its Final held on September 12 at 17:00.

Medalists

Results

References
Final

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics


"Soldiering On" is a dramatic monologue written by Alan Bennett in 1987 for television, as part of his Talking Heads series for the BBC. The series became very popular, moving onto BBC Radio, international theatre, becoming one of the best-selling audio book releases of all time and included as part of both the A-level and GCSE English syllabus. It was the fourth episode of the first series of Talking Heads, starring Stephanie Cole.  "Soldiering On" was remade in 2020 starring Harriet Walter.

Storyline

Muriel Carpenter (Stephanie Cole in 1988, Harriet Walter in 2020) is a strong woman, and always has been – a pillar of the community, a regular charity worker, and a volunteer for Meals on Wheels; and looking after her mentally ill daughter, Margaret, has fortified her resolve – so, after the death of her husband, Muriel is well prepared to cope with the crisis. She adopts a brisk, cheerful approach: socialising with guests at the wake, giving her husband's belongings to various charitable causes, and deciding she must devise an efficient plan to deal with her grief. Muriel's husband left her a considerable sum of money, and, despite having been advised not to make any "big decisions", she soon agrees to hand over control of the money to their son Giles (who received nothing from the will). Although it is clear to the audience that Giles is mismanaging the money, it comes as a surprise to Muriel when he loses her inheritance through poor investments. He reassures her there is nothing to worry about and the problem is simply "liquidity", but she is soon forced to sell her home and possessions and move to a small seaside town.

Muriel ends the story poor and alone, losing contact with her children, Margaret having shown a great improvement and living an almost normal life after a spell of psychiatric treatment. It is implied Margaret's mental illness was the result of sexual molestation by her father. Muriel appears to be aware of this and also begins to wonder if she contributed to her husband's end with "all those death-dealing breakfasts." She is now reduced to using the Meals on Wheels service she had once commanded, and her only entertainments are television and cassette tapes from the library. Still, she instructs the audience not to think of her story as a tragic one - "I'm not a tragic woman: Not the type!"

Reception

See also
 English A-level and GCSEs

References

External links
Episode details

BBC television dramas
British plays
BBC Radio 7 (rebranded) programmes


Kyaneshwar  is a village development committee in Sindhuli District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8,955 people living in 1,393 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sindhuli District

Populated places in Sindhuli District


Eoactinistia is a prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Early Devonian period. Fossils have been found in Victoria, Australia.

References

Coelacanthiformes
Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera
Devonian bony fish
Early Devonian fish
Prehistoric fish of Australia


Frank Miller Ruff Jr. (born September 22, 1949) is an American politician. A Republican, he served in the Virginia House of Delegates 1994–2000 and was elected to the Senate of Virginia in November 2000. He  the 15th district, which includes six whole counties and parts of five others in Southside Virginia. He is a member of the Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources, Education and Health, General Laws and Technology, and Local Government committees.

Notes

References

 (Constituent/campaign website)

External links

1949 births
Living people
Republican Party Virginia state senators
Republican Party members of the Virginia House of Delegates
University of Richmond alumni
People from Bedford County, Virginia
21st-century American politicians
People from Clarksville, Virginia


Geriatric rheumatology is the branch of medicine that studies rheumatologic disorders in elderly (joints, muscles & other structures around the joints). Sometimes it is called Gerontorheumatology.

Origin
The geriatric rheumatology clinic provides evaluation and management services to patients with various musculoskeletal and soft tissue disorders. Evaluation of the elderly patient is often complex due to the many comorbid conditions encountered in this population often compounded by cognitive disorders, functional decline, polypharmacy and limited social supports.

Training & education programs
During training physicians observe and participate in the diagnosis and management of various rheumatologic conditions which contribute to elderly functional decline including connective tissue disorders, crystal diseases, osteoarthritis and other soft tissue disorders.  They also learn to differentiate these various clinical conditions, gain an understanding of the various treatment options available, as well as learn how to work with a multidisciplinary team of health professionals.

Some Departments of Medicine offer a three-year combined Geriatric-Rheumatology Fellowship, which is composed of a year of clinical geriatrics and training in clinical epidemiology and health services research, a year of clinical rheumatology and an opportunity to explore scholarly geriatric-rheumatology research projects in the third year.

Many books and resources are available dedicated to geriatric rheumatology.

Many geriatricians and rheumatologists are dedicated to this new subspecialty. Some internal medicine departments have established a separate geriatric rheumatology clinics.

Organisation & societies
International Society of Geriatric Rheumatology was established to help advancing research in the area of geriatric rheumatology and improve the quality of management of rheumatologic disorders in elderly.

References

External links
 International Society of Geriatric Rheumatology
 Geriatric rheumatology course
 American College of Rheumatology Research and Education Foundation
 Cairo University rheumatology subspecialies
 Geriatric Rheumatology fellowship
 Geriatric Rheumatology, an Issue of Rheumatic Disease Clinics
 Geriatric rheumatology slides
 OSTEOPOROSIS SPECIALTY CLINIC
 geriatric rheumatology clinic
 Gerontorheumatology: the challenge to meet health-care demands for the elderly with musculoskeletal conditions.

Rheumatology
Geriatrics


Storkerson Bay is a Canadian Arctic waterway in the Northwest Territories.  It is an arm of Amundsen Gulf on central western Banks Island.

Historically, it has been a wintering area for Inuvialuit families.

References

Bays of the Northwest Territories
Geography of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region


Trebisht (, ) is a former municipality in the Dibër County, eastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 993.

Geography
The village is situated in the geographical area of Gollobordë.

Within the municipality, the village of Trebisht consists of the three neighborhoods of Trebisht-Muçinë, Trebisht-Balaj, and Trebisht-Çelebi. (in the local Macedonian dialect - Dunomala, Gurnomala and Unomala). These neighborhoods are  divided into smaller ones.

Demographic history
A demographic study published in 1878, reflecting statistics of the male population from 1873, stated that the population of Trébichta consisted of 150 households with 144 Bulgarian Christians and 265 Pomaks.

In the early 20th century, Trebisht was a village with a mixed population of Bulgarian Muslims and Bulgarian Christians, according to Bulgarian geographer Vasil Kanchov's statistics. The Muslim population was prevalent, with 2500 Bulgarian Muslims reported and 70 Bulgarian Christians—97.3% Muslim and 2.7% Christian.

Villages located in the Trebisht administrative unit contain the following populations: Gjinovec and Klenjë are inhabited solely by a Slavic speaking population which contain Torbeš or Muslim Bulgarians. Vërnicë is inhabited by an Albanian population that dominates demographically in the village that also contains a significant population of Slavic Speakers Torbeš and Orthodox Macedonians or Bulgarians). The Torbeš and Orthodox Macedonian population of the area are speakers of a south Slavic language (Macedonian or Bulgarian).

The inhabitants of Trebisht are speakers of a south Slavic dialect and the village has traditionally consisted of a mixed Slavic Orthodox Christian (Macedonian or Bulgarian) and  Torbeš or Bulgarian Muslim) population. Within Macedonian academia, the language spoken has been regarded as Macedonian, while within Bulgarian academia, the dialect of Trebisht is considered as part of the Bulgarian language. The local population of the village lack official recognition as a Macedonian minority from the Albanian government. In 2020, an ethnic Macedonian was elected as an administrator of Trebisht.

Notable people
Kimet Fetahu, academic and activist
Nexhmedin Zajmi, painter and sculptor.

References

Former municipalities in Dibër County
Albania–North Macedonia border crossings
Administrative units of Bulqizë
Torbeši settlements


Paul Höffer (21 December 1895 – 31 August 1949) was a German composer. He was born in Barmen and died in Berlin.

In 1936 he won a gold medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his Olympischer Schwur (Olympic Vow).  His works also include a solo violin sonata (Op. 18, 1931).

References

External links
profile

1895 births
1949 deaths
German classical composers
20th-century classical composers
Academic staff of the Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin
Olympic gold medalists in art competitions
German male classical composers
20th-century German composers
Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
20th-century German male musicians
Olympic competitors in art competitions


Ladabhir  is a village development committee in Sindhuli District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,937 people living in 1,135 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sindhuli District

Populated places in Sindhuli District


"Bed Among the Lentils" is a dramatic monologue written by Alan Bennett in 1987 for television, as part of his Talking Heads series for the BBC. The series became very popular, moving onto BBC Radio, international theatre, becoming one of the best-selling audio book releases of all time and included as part of both the A-level and GCSE English syllabus. It was the third episode of the first series of Talking Heads.

Synopsis
Susan (Maggie Smith) is the wife of a vicar, living in a small village near Leeds. Her husband is a popular local figure, well respected and he also seems to collect adoring middle aged and elderly women because of his status as the vicar, all of whom fuss and fawn over him and seem to passive aggressively compete with Susan for his time and affection.
Susan is bored with her husband and unhappy with her life, although she is passive in this unhappiness other than her alcoholism. She has run up a debt with the local shop because of her constant buying of sherry, she dislikes the community she lives in and only gives the bare minimum of attention to her own parish duties as the vicar's wife.
During a difficult afternoon trying to arrange the church flowers with several of the other women, Susan goes into the church's backroom and drinks the communion wine hidden in the cupboard. She then returns to the others, challenges one of the flower arrangements that includes spiky teasels and ends up falling down the altar stairs and hitting her head. The women take this opportunity to take Susan home, fuss over her husband and look through everything in the house under pretext of getting the vicar his lunch and "helping" Susan.
On the next Sunday service, the vicar discovers the loss of the wine and has to celebrate the host in a bottle of Benylin, which Susan says will be fine since it is red, sweet and sticky. Susan starts buying her sherry from Ramesh, an Asian grocer in Leeds who is young, attractive and talks to her about his culture and life: he is married, but his wife is under 16, so not permitted to join him in England. The Bishop comes to lunch and Susan accidentally spills evaporated milk on him. A lock has been put on the communion wine cupboard in the vestry.
During another visit to Ramesh, Susan begins an affair with him and finally discovers some happiness and enjoyment in life, until Ramesh asks her if the reason she drinks is his colour or because she has a problem with alcohol.
This pushes Susan towards recovery: she begins to attend AA meetings, and attempts to be more honest with her husband. Ramesh returns to India to bring his wife home, selling his shop so that they can begin elsewhere. The vicar thinks that God is responsible for Susan's recovery, and his Bishop recommends him for a higher position in the church thanks to his "knowing what trials parishioners face". Susan remains passive, knowing that her recovery is due to Ramesh, and that God and her husband have little to do with it.

See also

 English A-Level and GCSE

References

External links
Episode details

BBC television dramas
British plays
BBC Radio 7 (rebranded) programmes


Lampantar  is a village development committee in Sindhuli District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,079 people living in 733 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sindhuli District

Populated places in Sindhuli District


Mahadevdanda is a former village development committee in Sindhuli District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,174 people living in 537 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sindhuli District

Populated places in Sindhuli District


"A Lady of Letters" is a dramatic monologue written by Alan Bennett in 1987 for television, as part of his Talking Heads series for the BBC. The series became very popular, moving onto BBC Radio, international theatre, becoming one of the best-selling audio book releases of all time and included as part of both the A-level and GCSE English syllabus. It was the second episode of the first series of Talking Heads.

Storyline

Irene Ruddock is a single, middle-aged woman living near Bradford and is not afraid to speak, or rather write, her mind. She frequently writes to her MP, the police, the chemist – everyone she can, to remedy the social ills she sees around her. Irene becomes suspicious of a neighbouring couple whom she suspects of neglecting their child, and tries to raise these suspicions to her doctor, who instead offers her a prescription (presumably some kind of anti-depressant or anti-psychotic medication) to help her forget her worries. Irene is eventually questioned by police after having written many abusive letters to the family, who, it emerges, were not neglecting the child but visiting him in hospital where he has just died of leukaemia. It is also revealed that Irene harassed the chemist through a series of letters (accusing his wife of being a prostitute) and finally had a court order taken out against her after a man she had accused of child molestation had a nervous breakdown. For her latest misconduct Irene receives a suspended sentence and is issued with social workers who try to help her find other interests; she is eventually gaoled after starting a new letter-writing campaign.

In prison, Irene makes new friends and develops a thriving social life, taking classes and gaining new skills in a secretarial course. She states that she feels truly happy, perhaps for the first time in her life. She speaks happily as she reviews the process of being released from prison. This could be taken as somewhat ironic, as earlier in the monologue she harshly criticizes the amenities in prison, comparing them to being on holiday.

The end of the monologue finds Irene in a significantly darker mood and tone. Sitting next to an empty bed in a darkened cell with minimal light from a window, she explains that her cell mate often has nightmares of the child she killed, and Irene must comfort her in the night. This conclusion is presented in similar fashion to the dark shift in fate of the main character at the end of another monologue from the same series, called A Woman of No Importance, but it is unknown whether this darker shift in this monologue also means an unhappy end for Irene.

Reception

See also

Talking Heads (series)
Alan Bennett
 English A-level and GCSEs

References

External links
Episode details

BBC television dramas
British television plays
BBC Radio 7 (rebranded) programmes
1987 plays
Monologues