The Zambia Open is a men's professional golf tournament played in Zambia, that has been part of the Sunshine Tour since 1996, and was co-sanctioned by the European-based Challenge Tour from 2001 to 2004. It was also an event on the Challenge Tour between 1991 and 1993, having previously part of the now defunct Safari Circuit.

History
Lusaka Golf Club has traditionally hosted the Zambia Open, but in 2005 a disagreement with the then sponsors, Stanbic, resulted in the cancellation of the tournament, with a new venue being found for the following year. Under a new sponsorship agreement, the 2008 tournament was held at Chainama Hills Golf Club for the first time, with a prize fund of 750,000 rand. From 2006 to 2010, it was contested as a 54-hole tournament. In 2011, it returned to being played over four rounds, 72 holes.

Former winners include 1991 Masters Tournament champion Ian Woosnam and fellow European Ryder Cup players Christy O'Connor Jnr, Sam Torrance, Gordon J. Brand, Tommy Horton and Brian Barnes.

Winners

Notes

References

External links
Coverage on the Sunshine Tour's official site
Coverage on the Challenge Tour's official site

Safari Circuit events
Former Sunshine Tour events
Former Challenge Tour events
Golf tournaments in Zambia
Recurring sporting events established in 1972
1972 establishments in Zambia
Winter events in Zambia


Guillermo Martínez Casañ (Valencia, Spain, 4 December 1955) is a Spanish politician and former Member of the Spanish Parliament who belongs to the People's Party (PP).

Martínez is qualified in law and has LL.M. in Air and Space Law, Shipping Law, as well as in International law from University College London. He began his professional career working as a counsel lawyer in the UK and France before entering politics in 1986 becoming a Principal Administrator in the European Parliament. He was active in Observer during the Turkish referendum at the end of the military regime, the end of Sandinism in Nicaragua and the end of Apartheid in South Africa. He was in charge of the Temporary Committee for the Unification of Germany.

He joined the Spanish Parliament in 1993 when he was elected to the Spanish Congress of Deputies from Valencia region, which he represented until 2004. He served as the spokesman of the Committee on the Affairs of the European Union in both upper and lower legislative chambers. Martínez-Casan was a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe as the chairman of the Committee on the Environment, Agriculture and Local and Regional Affairs. He was appointed as a rapporteur on Caucasus and Azerbaijan affairs on several occasions.

His other titles included the vice-president of the Spanish delegation and the chairman of the Conservative Group and Political Committee in the Western European Union Assembly; vice-chairman of the European Movement Spain and board member of the European Movement International. Afterwards, he joined the Cabinet of Ms Loyola de Palacio.

In January 2005, he re-joined his post as an official in the European Parliament. Since 2005, Martínez-Casan has been the director of the European Ideas Network (EIN) a centre-right think tank sponsored by the European People's Party Group (EPP Group). Since 2009, Mr Martínez-Casan is one of the two co-secretary's generals, with Walid Phares of the Trans-Atlantic Group on Counter Jihad Terrorism (TAG) with offices in Brussels and Washington DC.

References

External links

Biography at Spanish Congress website

1955 births
Living people
Politicians from Valencia
Members of the 5th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 6th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 7th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
People's Party (Spain) MEPs


Suchon may refer to:

People with the surname:
 Eugen Suchoň (1908–1993) Slovak composer
 Gabrielle Suchon (1632–1703), French moral philosopher

People with the given name:
Suchon Sa-nguandee (born 1982), Thai footballer

Other:
Suchon, a Jamoat of Tajikistan


2econd Season is the second studio album by Atlanta-based American rapper Unk. It was released on September 30, 2008 through Koch Records. Production was handled by DJ Montay, Mr. Jonz, MC Assault and Malcolm X. It features guest appearances from Blazed, 11 Dub, D'Angel, Loko, Manish Man, Princess, Project Pat, Ray J, Sandman, Sean Kingston, Stuey Rock, Three 6 Mafia and Ying Yang Twins. The album peaked at number 104 on the Billboard 200, number 15 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, number 6 on the Top Rap Albums, and topped the Heatseekers Albums charts in the United States.

Track listing

Charts

References

Unk albums
2008 albums
E1 Music albums
MNRK Music Group albums


The 1967 Australian Touring Car Championship was a CAMS sanctioned national motor racing title open to Group C Improved Production Touring Cars. It was contested over a single race, staged at the Lakeside Circuit in Queensland, Australia on 30 July 1967. The title, which was the eighth Australian Touring Car Championship, was won by Ian Geoghegan, driving a Ford Mustang.

Report
Qualifying consisted of three preliminary heats, based on engine capacity, with the fastest lap times from the heats setting the grid for the race. Norm Beechey qualified his Chevrolet Chevy II Nova on pole position, while Ian Geoghegan qualified second in his new Ford Mustang, which had only arrived at the circuit on the morning of the race. Greg Cusack qualified third in another Mustang ahead of the Morris Cooper Ss of Brian Foley and Peter Manton.

Beechey took the lead at the start of the race ahead of Geoghegan, with Jim McKeown moving into third from sixth place on the grid. Bob Jane's Mustang became jammed in top gear on lap 2, forcing him to retire. Beechey set a new lap record of 1:04.3 as he continued to build his lead, despite a minor clutch problem which meant that he had to make clutchless shifts.

By lap 35, Terry Allan and Paul Fahey had both retired and Foley had moved into third place, with Manton running five seconds behind. The complexion of the race changed on lap 40, when the left-rear tyre of Beechey's car blew and caused him to hit the fence. Geoghegan inherited the lead and held it for the final ten laps to secure his third Australian Touring Car Championship title. Foley and Manton finished in second and third, less than twenty seconds behind Geoghegan.

Results

Class winners are indicated by bold text.

Statistics
 Pole position: Norm Beechey, 1:03.4
 Fastest lap: Norm Beechey, 1:03.3
 Race distance: 50 laps, 120.70 km
 Average speed: 132.34 km/h

References

External links
 Alec Mildren film on the 1967 Australian Touring Car Championship

Australian Touring Car Championship seasons
Touring Car Championship


The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) George the Fifth Class  was a class of 4-4-0 passenger steam locomotive.

History
The locomotives were introduced during July 1910 by Charles Bowen-Cooke following the succession of George V, construction continued until 1915.  They were essentially superheated versions of the LNWR Whale Precursor Class.  At the same time, similar non-superheated Queen Mary Class engines were also built but all of these acquired superheaters as the advantages of superheating became clear and were absorbed into the George the Fifth Class.

A total of 90 Georges were built, and all were named. The LNWR reused names and numbers from withdrawn locomotives, with the result that the numbering system was completely haphazard.

All of the Georges passed into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) ownership on the grouping in 1923. The LMS gave them the power classification 3P. The LMS renumbered them into a more logical series of 5320–5409, and later in 1936/37 those had not been then withdrawn were again renumbered by the addition of 20000 into the 25320–25409 series to make room for Black Fives. It was also at this time that a few of the names were removed so that they could be applied to new LMS Jubilee Class engines.

Withdrawals started in 1935, and by 1939 only nine remained. British Railways (BR) inherited three in 1948: 25321, which was withdrawn in February that year, and 25350 and 25373, which were allocated the BR numbers 58011/2 in March but never carried them as both were withdrawn in May that year. None have been preserved.

Accidents and incidents

On 14 August 1915, locomotive No. 1489 Wolfhound was hauling a passenger train when it suffered a mechanical failure in its motion, with the result that the opposite track was damaged. A mail train was derailed on the damaged track at Weedon, Northamptonshire. Ten people were killed and 21 were injured.

New Build Locomotive

The George the Fifth Steam Trust is building a George the Fifth class locomotive named after Prince George.

List of Locomotives

See also
 LNWR Prince of Wales Class
 LNWR Claughton Class

Notes

References
"LNWR George the Fifth Trust- Homepage"

External links
 LNWR George the Fifth Steam Locomotive Trust George the Fifth Class Coronation name plate showing the locomotive was the 5000th engine built at Crewe Works
 LNWR Society Photographs of the Bowen-Cooke 4-4-0 George the Fifth class steam locomotives

George the Fifth
4-4-0 locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1910
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
Scrapped locomotives
Passenger locomotives


Verticordia venusta is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an openly branched shrub with small, egg-shaped leaves and spikes of pink to maroon-coloured flowers in spring and early summer.

Description
Verticordia venusta is an openly branched shrub which grows to  high and wide with one main stem at the base. Its leaves are egg-shaped to elliptic and  long. The flowers are sometimes scented and are arranged in spike-like groups, each flower on a stalk  long. The flowers open in succession, the lowest first, and are pale mauve or pink to maroon, fading as they age. The floral cup is top shaped,  long, ribbed, glabrous and has small green appendages. The sepals are spreading,  long, with 8 to 13 feathery lobes. The petals are erect, almost circular in shape  long and have teeth around their edges. The style is  long, curved and hairy near the tip. Flowering time is from September to January.

Taxonomy and naming
Verticordia venusta was first formally described by Alex George in 1991 from specimens collected south of Manmanning and the description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (venusta) is a Latin word meaning "like Venus", "beautiful" or "lovely", referring to the plant when in flower.

George placed this species in subgenus Chrysoma, section Chrysoma along with V. citrella, V. endlicheriana and V. acerosa.

Distribution and habitat
This verticordia occurs north-east of Perth between Mullewa, Gunyidi, Dowerin and Bencubbin in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains biogeographic regions. It grows in sand, sometimes with gravel or clay in heath and shrubland.

Conservation
Verticordia venusta is classified as "Priority Three" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife, meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.

Use in horticulture
Propagation of V. venusta from cuttings has proven difficult but it has been successfully grafted onto Chamelaucium uncinatum rootstock. It is usually slow to establish in the garden but is often hardy and has sometimes been grown in containers for several years.

References

venusta
Rosids of Western Australia
Eudicots of Western Australia
Plants described in 1991


Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony or George (15 January 1893 – 14 May 1943) the last Crown Prince of Saxony, was the heir to the King of Saxony, Frederick Augustus III,  at the time of the monarchy's abolition on  13 November 1918.
He later became a Roman Catholic priest and a Jesuit.

Early life and education
Georg was born on  15 January 1893 in Dresden, capital of Kingdom of Saxony.
He was the son of Prince Frederick Augustus, the later King Frederick Augustus III and his wife, Luise, née Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. His siblings were the Princes Friedrich Christian and Ernst Heinrich and the Princesses Margarete, Maria Alix and Anna Monika

After his parents divorced in 1903, his father took sole parental responsibility for the children. He emphasised the Christian faith and a Catholic lifestyle. The children were educated by private tutors in a prince's school established by their father at the Saxon court. Most of the teachers were Protestants; this contributed to his later ecumenical attitude. Georg became Saxony's crown prince at age eleven, when his father acceded to the throne in 1904.

After graduating from high school in 1912, Georg studied political sciences for three months at the University of Breslau. He then began to study economics. During this time, he joined the KDSt.V. Winfridia.

First World War

After completing his studies in 1912, Georg joined the 1st Royal Saxon Leib-Grenadier Regiment No. 100.  His friend and fellow officer Ludwig Renn also served in that regiment; at the time, Ludwig still used his birth name Arnold Friedrich Vieth von Golßenau.

Georg held the rank of Captain when he was sent to the front at the start of World War I.  He suffered a serious leg injury during the first months of the war. In 1915, Kaiser Wilhelm II granted him the Iron Cross first class "in recognition of the services he rendered in the recent battles.".

On 27 July 1916, he was added to the staff of Army Group Gallwitz.  On 30 August 1916, he received the Military Order of St. Henry for his services in this staff.

On 30 November 1917, he was promoted to major and made commander of the 5th Royal Saxon Infantry Regiment "Crown Prince" No. 104.  He commanded this regiment on both the Eastern and the Western Front.  He held this command until 22 May 1918.

Engaged to be married
In the spring of 1918, newspapers announced the prince's engagement to Duchess Marie Amelia, daughter of Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg, the heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Württemberg. The end of the Saxon monarchy and the prince's desire to become a priest apparently led to the end of the engagement. The duchess died unmarried in 1923.

Abolition of monarchy and Jesuit priest

When Germany lost the war, the monarchies in Germany collapsed. Georg's father abdicated on 13 November 1918.  This marked a fundamental turning point in his career planning.  In 1919, he decided to renounce his rights on the Saxon throne, and become a Catholic priest instead.  This decision was very controversial among people who hoped that the monarchy might one day be restored, and also met with significant concerns from the side of the Catholic Church.  For example, Franz Löbman, the Apostolic Vicar for Saxony and Lusatia, and Archbishop Adolf Bertram of Breslau initially held that Georg should continue to hold political responsibility for Saxony.  Nevertheless, Georg entered the Franciscan Order.

Finding the Franciscan life too intellectually limiting, Georg soon applied to transfer to the Jesuits instead.  In the winter semester 1919/20, he studied philosophy at the University of Tübingen.  During this period, he joined the [[Cartellverband der katholischen deutschen Studentenverbindungen|A.V. Guestfalia Tübingen]].  In the next semester, he studied at the University of Breslau.

In the winter semester 1920/21, he began studying theology at the University of Freiburg.  He joined the KDSt.V. Hohenstaufen and Saxo-Thuringia.  He completed this study in 1923.  In the same year, he formally renounced his rights to the Saxon throne and became a Jesuit.

He was ordained a priest in Trzebnica on 15 July 1924 by Bishop Christian Schreiber of Meissen.  The next day, he celebrated his first mass at the royal palace in Szczodre (.  His uncle Maximilian, also a priest, gave the homily during this service.  Thereafter, the young prince was generally known as Pater Georg (Father George) and used the last name von Sachsen.German Jesuit Calendar  George of Saxony. Retrieved on 9 November 2008  After his ordination, George worked as an auxiliary priest in his native Diocese of Meissen.

He then continued his studies at the Jesuit Collegium Canisianum in Innsbruck.  In the fall of 1925, he joined the Upper German province of the Society of Jesus, however, in 1927, he switched to the East German province, which included his native Saxony.  From 1928 to 1930, he studied at a Jesuit college in Valkenburg.

From 1933, he did pastoral work in Berlin.  He helped build up the Jesuit residence Canisius College with the Catholic Gymnasium at Lietzensee.  After taking his final vows in Berlin in 1936, he gave lectures and the spiritual exercises all over Germany.  In his lectures, he promoted ecumenism and in particular the  movement.  Among his friends were spiritual leaders of different religions.

  Opponent of Nazism
During one of his many lectures, he said in Meissen in 1929, referring to the increasing antisemitic agitation by some right-wing parties: "Love is the order of the day in the relationship between Catholics and Protestant, and also to our Jewish fellow citizens".  So he opposed Nazism from the beginning.  He found it unbearable that the Nazi Party and after 1933 the state vilified and sought to destroy core values that were important to him personally — monarchical and dynastic Saxon traditions and fundamental values of Western Christianity.  He felt that his family honor was offended and his work as a pastor was significantly impeded.

He worked in Berlin where he was credited with protecting Jews from the Nazi regime in notable contrast to his pro-Nazi brothers-in-law, Prince Frederich of Hohenzollern and Prince Franz Joseph of Hohenzollern-Emden.

As critic of the regime and a member of the former Saxon royal family, but in particular as a Catholic priest and a member of the Jesuit order, he was seen as highly suspect by the Nazi regime.  He was shadowed by the Gestapo because he helped Jews leaving the country and he helped opposition politicians hiding from the regime.  Sometimes, he had to go into hiding himself, and the police searched his home several times.  He knew some of the people who later attempted the failed 20 July plot, in particular Ulrich von Hassell and General Paul von Hase.  It is not clear whether he actually participated in the resistance.

 Death
The former prince died on 14 May 1943 apparently while swimming in the Groß Glienicke Lake in Berlin, Germany. Georg's diary was found on the lakeshore with a final Latin entry reading , which is the Latin version of a phrase Jesus frequently spoke to his disciples in the Gospel of John and means "I go to the Father" or "I go to my Father." His body was found several weeks after his death.  Some people, including his brother Ernst Heinrich expressed doubts that his death had been an accident. Nevertheless, the autopsy determined that he died after suffering a heart attack.

He was buried in the Catholic Church of the Royal Court of Saxony, today known as the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, in Dresden on 16 June 1943.  His grave was damaged during the Allied bombing of Dresden in 1945  and later by the floods of August 2002.

Honours

Ancestry

 Works Prinz Georg, 15. Januar 1893–1943'', type-written memoirs

References

1893 births
1943 deaths
20th-century German Jesuits
Saxon princes
House of Wettin
German Army personnel of World War I
Nobility from Dresden
Crown Princes of Saxony
Heirs apparent who never acceded
Burials at Dresden Cathedral
20th-century German Roman Catholic priests
Albertine branch
Clergy from Dresden
Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
Deaths by drowning
Sons of kings


Blanche of France (French: Blanche de France) (1253–1323) was a daughter of King Louis IX of France and Margaret of Provence.

Biography
Blanche was born in 1253 in Jaffa, County of Jaffa and Ascalon during the Seventh Crusade led by her father, Louis IX of France.

In November 1269, she married Ferdinand de la Cerda, Infante of Castile, eldest son of Alfonso X of Castile and Violant of Aragon. They had:

 Alfonso (1270–1333), who married Mahaut, daughter of John I of Brienne, Count of Eu. They had four sons and three daughters.
 Ferdinand (1275–1322), who married Juana Núñez de Lara, called "la Palomilla", Lady of Lara and Herrera, daughter of Juan Núñez I de Lara and Teresa Álvarez de Azagra. They had one son and three daughters.  One daughter, Blanca de La Cerda y Lara, was the mother-in-law of King Henry II of Castile.

Ferdinand predeceased his father in 1275 at Ciudad Real. Blanche and Ferdinand's sons did not inherit the throne of their grandfather, since their uncle, the second son, Sancho, enforced his claim, even by rebelling. Blanche's brother Philip warned Sancho that he would invade Castile on behalf of his two nephews.

Blanche left Castile never to return. Her sons were sent to live with their grandmother Violant of Aragon who had them sent to the fortress of Xàtiva so they would be safe from Sancho.

Blanche died at the Monastère des Clarisses de l’Ave Maria, in Paris, in 1323.

Ancestry

References

Sources

1253 births
1323 deaths
13th-century Spanish women
13th-century French women
14th-century French women
Blanche
French princesses
Castilian infantas
13th-century Castilians
Daughters of kings
Children of Louis IX of France


Alberto Capella is a Mexican law enforcement officer and former Tijuana's Commissioner of Police or Secretary of Public Security (Secretario Municipal de Seguridad Pública) of the municipality of Tijuana.

Made famous for his tough stance against Mexico's notorious drug industry, which in the past had been virtually non-existent in Mexico. Due to the nature of his involvement in attempts to stop drug trafficking, notably among the Tijuana drug cartels, Capella has been the subject of assassination attempts and extortion.

Capella Ibarra was removed from the position of Secretary for Public Security on December 1, 2008.  In an unprecedented and unexplained move, he was substituted by a military official, Lieutenant Colonel Julián Leyzaola.

Capella Ibarra was renamed again Secretary of Public Security of the municipality of Tijuana on October 4, 2011, by his godfather Carlos Bustamante who was mayor at the time.

References

Mexican police officers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Broke Inlet, originally named Broke's Inlet, is an inlet in the South West region of Western Australia located  west of Walpole.

The inlet is a large shallow estuary at the eastern end of the d'Entrecasteaux National Park, linked to the Southern Ocean by a narrow seasonally open channel situated between two high sand dune systems.

The inlet is the only large estuary left in the South West that has not been significantly altered by development within its catchment area or along its shores.

The catchment of the inlet has an area of  and the inlet itself has a surface area of  with a total volume of .
The inlet receives an annual inflow of , mostly from the Shannon River and discharges  annually.

The water in the inlet is brackish and generally has half the salinity of sea water. The salinity varies greatly depending on river discharge, the season and whether the bar is open or not.

Broke Inlet is listed as a regionally significant wetland with Environment Australia.

References

Inlets of Western Australia
South coast of Western Australia
D'Entrecasteaux National Park


Alexander MacKay (April 3, 1818 – February 16, 1882) was a merchant, farmer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Pictou County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1862 to 1867 and from 1872 to 1882 as a Conservative member.

He was born in West River, Nova Scotia, the son of John MacKay, a Scottish immigrant. He was educated at Pictou. MacKay first worked as a stone-cutter and builder. He was named a justice of the peace in 1853. MacKay supported Confederation and was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1867. He was elected again in an 1872 by-election held after James McDonald was elected to the House of Commons. MacKay was an elder of the Church of Scotland. In 1851, he married Margaret Mackay. MacKay was elected to the council for Pictou County in 1879.

His son Neil Franklin later served in the legislative assembly for British Columbia.

References
The Canadian biographical dictionary and portrait gallery of eminent and self-made men ... (1881)

1818 births
Year of death missing
Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia MLAs
People from Pictou County
Elders of the Church of Scotland
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Canadian justices of the peace


The 2007–08 National League A season, was the first ice hockey season of the National League A since the reorganization of the Swiss league and the 70th in the history of Swiss professional hockey. There were some rule changes to the standings and playoff format and the league officially changed its name to National League A.

Regular season

Playoffs

Relegation

EHC Biel, champions of the National League B, would later defeat EHC Basel Sharks, 4–0 to move up into the National League A. Therefore, Basel was relegated to the National League B.

References
sehv.ch

External links
hockeyfans.ch
LNA Regular Season 2007-2008

1
Swiss


Kashyapa I, also known as Kasyapa I or Kassapa I, was a king of Sri Lanka, who ruled the country from 473 to 495 CE. He was the second king of the royal Moriya dynasty of Sri Lanka. Kashyapa is credited with the construction of the Sigiriya citadel and the surrounding city. He acquired the throne by overthrowing his father, King Dhatusena, and usurping his brother and rightful heir to the throne, Moggallana, in a palace coup. He imprisoned and later immured his father. Kashyapa was also known as Pithru Ghathaka Kashyapa (Kashyapa the Patricide), after this incident. He was later defeated by Moggallana, who had fled to South India and returned with an army to regain the throne. Kashyapa was killed in the battle that ensued.

Acquiring the throne
Though Kashyapa was the eldest son of the king, he was not the heir to the throne. Moggallana was the son of the royal consort and the rightful heir to the throne (But king Dhatusena named Kassapa as next king), while Kassapa was born to a non-royal wife. However, Kashyapa sought to acquire the throne by usurping Moggallana. He was assisted by the commander of the king’s army, Migara, who sought vengeance for a disagreement between himself and the king. Assisted and encouraged by Migara, Kashyapa carried out a palace coup and overthrew Dhatusena.

Dhatusena was imprisoned, and Kashyapa became the king of the country in 473, as the second king in the Moriyan Dynasty of Sri Lanka. However, Moggallana fled to South India, fearing that his brother would assassinate him. Migara led Kashyapa to believe that Dhatusena had treasures of large wealth hidden away, and Kashyapa demanded these treasures from the imprisoned king. Dhatusena took his captors to the Kala wewa, a large irrigation tank he had constructed, and told him that it was the only treasure he had.
Enraged at this, Kasyapa had his father murdered by immuring him in a wall. (an alternate story is that he was buried alive in the bund wall of the Kala weva.

Construction of the city and citadel at Sigiriya

Kashyapa was disgraced among the public and the bikkhus, and he received the name Pithru Ghathaka Kashyapa, meaning Kashyapa the Patricide. Because of this, and fearing an attack from Moggallana, Kashyapa moved his capital and residence from the traditional capital of Anuradhapura to the more secure location of Sigiriya rock. At Sigiriya, he constructed a large citadel and elaborate city. His palace was built on top of the Sigiriya rock.

Sigiriya was a large rock rising above the surrounding plain, offering an unhindered view in all directions. It was chosen as the capital because of the strategic advantage this would give the defenders during an attack. Large ramparts and moats were built around the city. An elaborate and large garden was built around the rock. These gardens consisted a number of pools, fountains and other structures. A complex underground irrigation system supplied water to these pools and fountains, and the fountains are functional to this day.

The constructions on top of the Sigiriya rock include the king’s palace among several other buildings and pools. The Sigiriya frescoes, which depict maidens carrying flowers, were also created during Kashyapa’s reign at Sigiriya. The Mirror Wall which is also known as the Ketapath Pawura is another important creation.

Defeat and death
Moggallana organised an army in South India and returned to Sri Lanka to claim his right to the throne. In the battle that ensued in the plains surrounding Sigiriya, Kashyapa’s army was defeated. The king tried a tactical move on his war elephant, which his troops interpreted as retreating, and abandoned him. Instead of being captured by his brother, the king killed himself with his own sword. Kashyapa’s reign as king of Sri Lanka ended with this defeat in 495, and Moggallana became the king as Moggallana I.

See also
 Mahavamsa
 List of Sri Lankan monarchs
 History of Sri Lanka

References

External links

495 deaths
K
Monarchs killed in action
Year of birth unknown
Monarchs of Anuradhapura
K
Patricides


The Magura Cave (Bulgarian "пещера Магура") is located in north-western Bulgaria close to the village of Rabisha,  from the town of Belogradchik in Vidin Province.

The prehistoric wall paintings of Magura have great resemblance with those of the Grotta dei Cervi in Italy, which are of exceptional expression and artistic depth and are considered the most significant works of art of the European Post-Paleolithic era.

Guided visits are conducted by the staff of Belogradchik municipality, to which the management of the cave was transferred in 2012 by the Bulgarian Council of Ministers.

In 1984 the site was inducted into UNESCO's tentative list of World Heritage.

Description

The total length of the 15 million year old cave is . The average annual temperature of the cave is , except for one room where the temperature is always . The air humidity reaches 80% and the displacement - . The Magura cave was formed in the limestone Rabisha Hill ( above sea level). The morphology of the cave consists of one main gallery with six various-sized halls and three lateral galleries around it. The main gallery is composed of six chambers, variously sized; the largest one, the so-called Arc Hall, is  long,  wide and  high, including impressive natural vaults, speleothems, spectacular stalactites and stalagmites, named The Poplar, The Pipe Organ, The Oriental City and The Cactus. The very spacious site also allows for music concerts to be held during Christmas and Easter.

Fauna
Bones from prehistoric species like cave bear, cave hyena, fox, wolf, wild cat and otter have been discovered in the Magura Cave. Today, constant inhabitants of the cave is the collembola, as well as four types of bats (greater and lesser horseshoe bat, greater mouse-eared bat and Schreibers's bat or also called common bent-wing bat).

Paintings

Cave paintings dating from the Epipaleolithic, late Neolithic, Eneolithic and early Bronze Age decorate some of the cave's walls. The paintings have been estimated to be made between 10.000 and 8.000 years ago. The drawings represent important events of the society that had occupied the Magura Cave: religious ceremonies, hunting scenes and depictions of deities which are unique on the Balkan peninsula. The Fertility Dance and the Hunting Ceremony rank among the most noteworthy paintings.

One grouping from the Bronze Age has been interpreted as a solar calendar. According to Alexey Stoev and Penka Vlaykova Stoeva Bronze Age "paintings of staggered black and white squares used to count the days in the calendar month permit to describe fairly accurately the number of days in the solar tropical year (Stoev and Muglova 1999). The cave paintings allowed storing information about regional solar calendar, customs, religious festivals, and rituals of the society the earliest such representation yet discovered in Europe."

Contemporary imitations of possible fertility rites are reported — inscriptions in Latin and paintings made by treasure-hunters. The medium used to create the art was bat guano. More than 750 images have been identified.

Painted signs can be organised into four thematic groups: anthropomorphic, zoomorphic, geometric, and symbolic (astronomic?) figures. For the first group, there are bitriangular silhouettes with raised rounded arms (females with a sort of a waist bow, males with legs and sex like a trident, sometimes stylised like a "bottle opener"), archers, ithyphallic figures, copula, linear schematic anthropomorphic figures with raised arms (sometimes like dancing) and "fungiforms". Regarding zoomorphic items, there are caprids, bovids, dogs, "ostrich-like" animals (big birds) and schematic linear quadrupeds. Geometric signs show T-shaped figures, vertical parallel lines, horizontal zigzags, vertical parallel zigzags, branch-like or tree-like figures, chessboard patterns, rhombi, horizontal stair-like patterns, crossed networks, honeycomb networks and crossed circles. Few rayed circle figures, mainly the two unica of the so-called calendar scene, likely represent a sun depiction.

Taking count of some associated figures, it is possible to recognize dancing, hunting, and mating scenes. In the so-called Cult Hall a large horizontal dance and hunting scene is depicted, arranged in two main rows: these are the best known and most reproduced Magura Cave images.

Access to the area of the paintings is restricted in an effort to preserve them. Before 1993, the cave wasn't protected and there was free access to all. For this reason, some of the drawings have been vandalised and there are scratches on the walls. The cave is now open to the public all year round although the drawings can be seen only with the presence of a tour guide and the payment of a fee.

See also
Old Europe (archaeology)
Vinča culture
History of Bulgaria

References

External links

 The Magura Cave, at tourism site Bulgariatravel.org
 Pictures from the Magura Cave
 Bulgarian rock art: the Magura Cave paintings, paper on TRACCE Online Rock Art Bulletin
 Magura Cave photo gallery, 45 pictures

Belogradchik Municipality
Tourist attractions in Vidin Province
Landforms of Vidin Province
History of Vidin Province
Balkan mountains
Archaeological sites in Bulgaria
Show caves in Bulgaria
Limestone caves
Caves containing pictograms
Cave bear


Kenneth Wayne Trinkle (December 15, 1919 – May 10, 1976) was an American professional baseball player and right-handed pitcher who appeared in 216 games in Major League Baseball with the New York Giants ( and –) and Philadelphia Phillies (). A relief specialist, he led the National League in appearances in 1946 and 1947. The native of Paoli, Indiana, stood  tall and weighed .

Biography

Early baseball career
Ken Trinkle signed his first professional contract with the Class D Thomasville Orioles in 1939 after high school.  Trinkle hurled for the minor-league Baltimore Orioles of the International League from 1940 to 1942, and was 15–11 during his last year with the Orioles before being purchased by the New York Giants.

Trinkle made his major league debut with the Giants on April 25, 1943, at age 23. He made 11 appearances with the Giants. Despite a respectable 3.74 earned run average (ERA), he went 1–5 and was farmed out to the Jersey City Giants of the International League.

Military service
On September 18, 1943, Trinkle entered military service with the United States Army during World War II. In 1944, he was stationed at Fort Riley, Kansas, where he played with the Fort Riley baseball team. He played alongside Pete Reiser, Harry Walker, Joe Gantenbein, Al Brazle, Murry Dickson and Joe Garagiola.

Trinkle, Dickson and Gantenbein were later shipped to France. They eventually had been separated upon arrival. Trinkle went to the replacement center and served for the 9th Armored Division military unit. He fought during the Battle of the Bulge and was awarded a Bronze Star for his service. "I was a scout in a reconnaissance outfit", he told The Sporting News on June 4, 1947. "We would go out in front of the infantry to report if anything was there. If you didn’t come back, they knew there was something out there."

After the German surrender in May 1945, Trinkle teamed up with Ralph Houk for the 9th Armored Division baseball team. They made it to the play-offs of the 1945 ETO World Series. Another teammate was a Minor League Baseball player, Ed Musial, who was Stan's younger brother. After the cease of hostilities in Europe, Trinkle played for the 71st Infantry Division Red Circlers baseball team. The team featured players such as Ewell Blackwell, Ancil Moore, Johnny Wyrostek, Garland Lawing, Russ Kern, Milt Ticco, Herb Bremer and Bill Ayers. The team eventually lost the World Series.

Postwar baseball career
By November 1945, Trinkle was back playing with the New York Giants. He made a league-leading 48 appearances for the Giants in 1946, and in 1947, he again led the National League in appearances with 62, finishing 38 of those games. On June 11, 1947, future Baseball Hall of Famer Mel Ott made his last appearance as a player when he pinch hit for Trinkle in the New York Giants' 8–7 loss to the Pittsburgh Pirates when he popped the ball to shortstop. He made a further 53 appearances in 1948, but Trinkle was purchased by the Philadelphia Phillies on December 14.

In 1949, his only season with Philadelphia and his last in MLB, Trinkle pitched in 42 games and recorded his highest major league earned run average (ERA) at 4.00. Trinkle returned to the International League in 1950, pitching for the Toronto Maple Leafs that season, then returning to Baltimore for the 1951 and 1952 campaigns.

Trinkle died on May 10, 1976, in hometown of Paoli at age 56.

References

External links

Ken Trinkle at Baseball-Almanac
Ken Trinkle at Sportspool.com

1919 births
1976 deaths
Baltimore Orioles (International League) players
Baseball players from Indiana
Jersey City Giants players
Louisville Colonels (minor league) players
Major League Baseball pitchers
New York Giants (NL) players
People from Paoli, Indiana
Philadelphia Phillies players
Thomasville Orioles players
Toronto Maple Leafs (International League) players
United States Army personnel of World War II


Cyril Stanley "Bam" Bamberger,  (4 May 1919 – 3 February 2008) was a Royal Air Force pilot who fought in the Battle of Britain, the defence of Malta and the Korean War.

Early life
Bamberger was born in Hyde, Cheshire, and educated locally. He left school in 1934, aged 14, and joined Lever Brothers as an electrical apprentice.

In 1936, Bamberger volunteered for the Auxiliary Air Force and was posted to the bomber squadron, No. 610 (County of Chester) Squadron AuxAF (Auxiliary Air Force), as a photographer. Bamberger was accepted for pilot training with the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAFVR) in 1938 (Service No. 810024).

Second World War
Bamberger was called to full-time service on the outbreak of war, completed his training and rejoined his former squadron, now with Spitfires, at RAF Biggin Hill on 27 July 1940, as a sergeant pilot. Bamberger flew with No. 610 Squadron during the early air fighting over the Channel that followed the Dunkirk evacuation. The squadron suffered heavy casualties but Bamberger was credited with a "probable" Messerschmitt Bf 109 on 28 August in combat off the Kent coast.

When No. 610 Squadron was withdrawn to rest in mid-September 1940, Bamberger was posted to No. 41 Squadron RAF at Hornchurch and was soon back in action in the Battle of Britain. He was credited with his first confirmed combat victory, again a Bf 109, over Canterbury on 5 October.

With the Battle of Britain winding down, Bamberger volunteered for Malta. He flew Hurricanes with No. 261 Squadron RAF from Hal Far from late November 1940 and was credited with shooting down two Junkers Ju 87 aircraft over the Grand Harbour in January 1941.

Bamberger joined No. 93 Squadron RAF in 1942 and was deployed to Tunisia. He was commissioned pilot officer (No. 116515) on 9 February 1942 and promoted to flying officer on 1 October 1942. With the same squadron, he returned to Malta in 1943 and was credited with another kill, again a Junkers Ju 87 on 13 July, this time over Sicily.

Bamberger was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) which was gazetted on 28 September 1943.

Bamberger was promoted to flight lieutenant on 9 February 1944, returned to the UK in July 1944 and in November of the same year was awarded a Bar to his DFC.

Later RAF career
Bamberger was released from RAF service in 1946 and he returned to Lever before joining the management of a Guinness subsidiary.

When No. 610 Squadron RAF was reformed as a Royal Auxiliary Air Force unit, Bamberger rejoined it as a flight commander and was given the rank of flight lieutenant. In 1950 he became the squadron's Commanding Officer, having converted to Gloster Meteor aircraft. After the outbreak of the Korean War Bamberger accepted a permanent RAF commission, and for most of the duration of that conflict was an intelligence officer at the Air Ministry. He was promoted to squadron leader on 1 January 1957.

Bamberger later converted to flying helicopters and flew the Bristol Sycamore aircraft in Aden. He retired in 1959, after being awarded the Air Efficiency Award with clasp.

Business career and later life
After retiring from the RAF in 1959, Bamberger went into business, founding a packaging materials company. He later ran an antiques business. He remained active in RAF matters and was closely involved with the Bentley Priory Battle of Britain Trust, of which he was vice-chairman.

Bamberger died on 3 February 2008, aged 88. He was survived by his wife Heather, whom he married in 1954, and by three sons and a daughter. It was Bam's granddaughter who presented the Duchess of Cornwall with a posy at the unveiling of the Battle of Britain Monument in London on 18 September 2005.

References

External links
 Wartime photo of Bamberger

1919 births
2008 deaths
British military personnel of the Aden Emergency
Royal Air Force squadron leaders
The Few
Royal Air Force pilots of World War II
People from Hyde, Greater Manchester
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
Royal Air Force personnel of the Korean War
Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve personnel of World War II
Military personnel from Cheshire


Octodrine (also known as Vaporpac or DMHA) is a stimulant drug whose pharmacology was studied in a dozen animal studies from the 1940s through the 1970s.  These studies found that octodrine can increase blood pressure and cardiac output in animals. The drug was previously approved for use by the FDA as an inhalant (i.e., Vaporpac and Tickle Tackle Inhaler) and in Germany as an oral agent as part of a multicomponent medication (i.e., Ambredin and Ordinal), but is no longer available.

DMHA has also been found as an adulterant in sports supplements and is sold online as a designer drug.

Related designer drugs
 Methylhexanamine
 1,3-Dimethylbutylamine (DMBA)

References

Drugs acting on the nervous system
Stimulants
Abandoned drugs
Alkylamines


Blanche of France may refer to:

Blanche of Castile (1188–1252), queen of Louis VIII of France
Blanche of France (1253–1323), daughter of Louis IX of France and Margaret of Provence; wife of Ferdinand de la Cerda; Blanche of France, Infanta of Castile
Blanche of France (1282–1305), daughter of Philip III of France and Marie of Brabant, Queen of France; wife of Rudolph I of Bohemia; Blanche of France, Duchess of Austria
Blanche of France (daughter of Philip IV)
Blanche of France (nun) (1313–1358), daughter of Philip V of France and Joan II of Burgundy
Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans (1328–1393), daughter of Charles IV of France and Jeanne d'Évreux; wife of Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans


The Special Task Force "Omega" () is a Georgian élite Special Forces unit, one of the first such formations in the country, created in 1992.

History
The Omega unit was formed 1992 under the supervision of Georgia's Information-Analytical and Reconnaissance Bureau, a successor to the Georgian branch of the former Soviet KGB (Committee for State Security), chaired by Irakli Batiashvili. The unit was specialized primarily in counter-terrorism and covert operations, also oriented to counter organized crime and illicit trade. Its operatives cooperated with and were trained by Western intelligence services, which also provided the group's special armaments. The Omega force was subordinated to the Georgian Ministry of State Security and was responsible for several successful special operations.

After the major reshuffle in Georgia's military leadership following the Georgian civil war and the government’s temporary reorientation to Russia, the Omega group fell in disfavor, especially under the Security Minister Igor Giorgadze, who gave preference to the Russian-trained special forces unit Alpha. However the Alpha leadership was perceived to have been disloyal to the government. In September 1995, several of the Alpha officers were accused of having been involved in the August 29, 1995 assassination attempt of Eduard Shevardnadze, Georgia's head of state. Its commander, Nikoloz Kvezereli, was arrested and charged with organization of the attack on Shevardnadze. The court, however, did not find him guilty and sentenced him to seven years' imprisonment for the alleged abuse of office. Later, several other Alpha officers were also arrested, and some of them were found dead in suspicious circumstances. Kvezereli was later pardoned and released. He was a member of the Parliament of Georgia from 1999 to 2008. In 1996 the Omega unit received fresh cadres with only a handful veteran members remaining. The members of the unit were later transferred to a newly created anti terror force which by that time had no official designation. Afterwards as a result of major reforms in 2005, the Counterterrorist Center, now part of the State Security Service was officially established. The operators of this new unit had undergone retraining, seminars and joint operations with foreign agencies and special services from various NATO countries and other organisations such as the UN and OSCE. General Zaza Gogava, a former Chief of Joint Staff of the Georgian Armed Forces from 2006 to 2008, also served in the Omega group.

See also
State Security Service of Georgia

Comparable units

 - Special Air Service
 - Sayeret Matkal
 - GSG-9

References

Special forces of Georgia (country)
Military units and formations established in 1993


The 1968 Australian Touring Car Championship was a CAMS sanctioned Australian motor racing title open to Group C Improved Production Touring Cars. It was contested over a single race staged at the Warwick Farm circuit in New South Wales, Australia on 8 September 1968. The title, which was the ninth Australian Touring Car Championship, was won by Ian Geoghegan driving a Ford Mustang. It was the final Australian Touring Car Championship held as a single race, with the title being contested over a series of races from 1969 onwards.

Report
Ian Geoghegan qualified on pole position, half a second faster than Norm Beechey who was now driving a Chevrolet Camaro SS. Bob Jane was third on the grid, with Jim McKeown and Peter Manton rounding out the top five. Geoghegan won the start and took the lead into the first corner ahead of Beechey and Jane, with the latter two almost touching halfway through the first lap. McKeown retired on lap 3 with a broken rear axle. Ian Dawson spun on the following lap while Nick Petrilli lost a wheel; a lap later Rod Coppins slowed with a loose exhaust.

Jane's engine blew on lap 9, leaving Beechey as the sole challenger to Geoghegan. Fred Gibson's pit crew displayed a sign reading 'Jane in' to inform him of Jane's retirement, but Gibson misread the sign. He slowed on the following lap and pitted, losing six positions in the process. Beechey retired on lap 12 with mechanical problems, while Foley followed suit on the next lap. This left Geoghegan with a lead of twenty seconds over Paul Fahey and Manton.

Fahey retired on lap 22, while Gibson had been making his way back through the field. Manton ran into problems on lap 28, allowing the Porsche 911 of Alan Hamilton into second and the Morris Cooper S of Darrell King into third. King attempted to close the gap to Hamilton, but collided with Graham Ryan and backed off to settle for third place. However, on the final lap, Hamilton went off the circuit and damaged a rear guard, folding it onto the tyre. King went through into second and finished over ninety seconds behind race winner Geoghegan, while Hamilton brought his car home with a blown tyre for third.

Results

Class winners are indicated by bold text.

Statistics
 Pole position: Ian Geoghegan, 1:42.8
 Fastest lap: Ian Geoghegan, 1:43.0
 Race distance: 34 laps, 123.08 km
 Average speed: 124.93 km/h

References

External links
Video of the 1968 Australian Touring Car Championship, www.youtube.com
Images of 1968 Australian touring car racing, autopics.com.au

Australian Touring Car Championship seasons
Touring Car Championship
Motorsport at Warwick Farm


Michael Stich was the defending champion, but lost in the final this year.

Wayne Ferreira won the title, defeating Stich 7–5, 7–6(8–6) in the final.

Seeds

  Boris Becker (first round)
  Yevgeny Kafelnikov (first round)
  Michael Stich (final)
  Wayne Ferreira (champion)
  Andrei Medvedev (first round)
  Stefan Edberg (quarterfinals)
  Bernd Karbacher (second round)
  Karel Nováček (first round)

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

External links
 Singles draw

Singles


Bittu Sahgal is an environmental activist, writer, and the founder of Sanctuary Nature Foundation, an Indian nonprofit conservation organization that works on environmental policy, advocacy, science, on-ground support and habitat management. He is also the founding editor of Sanctuary Asia, a wildlife and ecology magazine.

Early life
Sahgal was born on 12 October 1947 in Shimla, where he attended from Bishop Cotton High School. He graduated with a B.Com from St Xavier's College, Kolkata. He worked at a chartered accountancy firm during this time. He resigned later and moved to Mumbai, where he currently lives. He has been associated with Project Tiger since its inception and was greatly influenced by Dr. Salim Ali, the famous "Birdman of India", Kailash Sankhala, the first director of Project Tiger and renowned conservationist Fateh Singh Rathore, the former field director at Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve.

Career
After Sahgal moved to Mumbai, he began working as an advertising professional. Over the years, he became a regular visitor to wildlife sanctuaries and national parks around the country. His interest in wildlife conservation grew through interactions with locals on his trips. In 1980, Rathore urged Sahgal to start a wildlife magazine, stressing on the importance of educating the public. The first issue of Sanctuary Asia was published the following year in October. In 1984, he founded Sanctuary Cub, to reach a younger audience. Cub is currently edited by his younger daughter, Tara Sahgal.

In the year 2000, Sahgal instituted the Sanctuary Wildlife Awards to honour men and women working on groundbreaking projects in the conservation sector and excelling wildlife photographers. Later in 2017, a separate Awards event for photography, the Sanctuary Wildlife Photography Awards, was established solely to promote wildlife conservation through photography.

Sahgal established the Mud on Boots project in 2017, which seeks to empower grassroots conservationists in India. These conservationists often come from humble backgrounds, and find themselves limited in their ability to expand and fund their work because of the challenges posed by language barriers, geographical remoteness and restricted access to technology and education. These individuals are identified for Sanctuary by credible conservation leaders. The same year, he launched Community Owned Community Operated Nature (COCOON) Conservancies, a rewilding initiative outside India's Protective Area Network which seeks to improve the lives of Indian farmers who live near forest land by rewilding their failed farms back to biodiverse forest status, and helping them find new sources of income, like ecotourism.

Sahgal has served on a number of government and non-government bodies, including the National Board for Wildlife, Animal Welfare Board, State Wildlife Board of Maharashtra, the IUCN (World Conservation Union), The Wild Foundation (U.S.A) and the Expert Appraisal Committee for Infrastructure, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. He works with policymakers, social workers, economists and scientists at the tri-junction of biodiversity, climate change and economics, speaking at national and international platforms in support of wilderness conservation while continuing to spearhead the work of the Sanctuary Nature Foundation.

Publications
Besides the Sanctuary Asia and Cub magazines, Sahgal has published numerous works in both English and regional languages. He has authored coffee table books on wildlife, including a series on some of India's national parks and sanctuaries; The Bandhavgarh Inheritance, The Sundarbans Inheritance, The Bharatpur Inheritance, The Kaziranga Inheritance, The Corbett Inheritance and The Periyar Inheritance and a stand-alone, India Naturally.

He also produced 30 wildlife documentaries.

Kids for Tigers
Sahgal founded Kids for Tigers in the year 2000. Kids For Tigers is an educational outreach programme targeting rural and urban kids across India through nature walks, fests and workshops. The programme started in urban cities—New Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Bangalore—and then branched out into smaller towns and cities like Chandrapur that border tiger reserves. Kids For Tigers has reached out to over one million children. The tiger, a metaphor for all of nature, is a rallying point for children working to safeguard their own future. The goal is "to give city kids the opportunity to fall in love with tigers and with nature, and to teach them that we can’t save tigers without saving their home".

References

Indian environmentalists
Writers from Mumbai
Living people
1947 births
People from Himachal Pradesh
Indian editors


Fusion is a scrolling multidirectional shooter developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts in 1988 for the Atari ST and Amiga.

Gameplay
It is scrolling multidirectional shooter with parallax scrolling. The action is viewed from the top. The player controls either a ground-based crawler or a spacecraft. There are thirteen levels.

Development
Fusion was created by Bullfrog Productions, a development studio founded by game designer Peter Molyneux. It was the company's first original product and second game overall, after a port of the shoot 'em up Druid II: Enlightenment. As with Druid II and the later Populous, artist Glenn Corpes created most of the graphics and animation for Fusion, while Molyneux handled the majority of its programming and design. The game was coded in assembly language, and the Atari ST version was developed using HiSoft Systems' Devpac II assembler. Its soundtrack, available on the double-sided disk release, was composed by David Hanlon. Fusion was released in 1988.

Reception

Matt Fox, author of The Video Games Guide, summarized Fusion as a "run-of-the-mill shoot 'em up [that] caused few ripples on release". According to Corpes, Fusion was not a commercial success and, together with Druid II, "only brought in a fraction of the money needed to pay the wage bill."

A UK magazine gave the ST version of Fusion a score of 9 out of 10, saying that despite being "yet another vertically scrolling shoot-'em-up" it has "sufficient variation". Bullfrog went on to develop Populous, Magic Carpet and other well-received titles.

References

External links
 Fusion at MobyGames

1988 video games
Amiga games
Atari ST games
Bullfrog Productions games
Electronic Arts games
Europe-exclusive video games
Multidirectional shooters
Scrolling shooters
Video games developed in the United Kingdom


"When Betty Met YETI" is the ninth episode in the third season, the 50th episode overall, of the American dramedy series Ugly Betty, which aired on November 20, 2008. The episode was directed by Victor Neili, Jr.

Plot
Former Mode employee Nick Pepper has come to Mode one last time to boast about his achievement of being a high-paid newspaper employee, thanks to YETI which causes Betty to think about her future. Although Betty is facing a rivalry with Marc to get into YETI, Justin's friendship with Randy is endangered due to peer pressure.

Comparisons
Around the time this episode aired, its Philippine counterpart I ♥ Betty La Fea had a storyline in which the titular character was preparing to launch a similar magazine that was also called B. This case of similarities can also be contributed to the Filipino version using some of the elements from the American version, as well as from Yo soy Betty, la fea, from which the Filipino and American versions derived their ideas.

Reception
In a review from zap2it's Hahn Nguyen, "For anyone who has struggled to break out of their entry level position, does Ugly Betty have an episode for you. I kinda loved this part [Betty's attempt to get into YETI] of the episode."

The episode's take on affirmative action, especially on racial and homosexual stereotyping, didn't go unnoticed in this review from Television Without Pity.

Entertainment Weekly's Tanner Stransky notes that the scenes involving Betty and Marc were among the best in this episode.

Ratings
The episode ran second in most categories at 8 o'clock with a 5.4/9 rating, a 2.5/7 in 18-49s and 8.3 million viewers overall. However it was off by 900,000 viewers (down 10 percent) from the previous episode after several weeks of rating increases.

Also starring
Grant Bowler as Connor Owens
Sarah LaFleur as Molly
Max Greenfield as Nick Pepper
Max Ehrich as Randy

Guest starring
Timothy J. Cox as Magazine Editor
Mark Badgley as himself
James Mischka as himself

References

See also
 Ugly Betty
 Ugly Betty (season 3)

Ugly Betty (season 3) episodes
2008 American television episodes


Accident Fund Insurance Company of America is an American workers' compensation insurance company headquartered in Lansing, Michigan.  The company is a member of AF Group, a provider of insurance. Insurance policies may be issued by any of the following companies within AF Group: Accident Fund Insurance Company of America, Accident Fund National Insurance Company, Accident Fund General Insurance Company, United Wisconsin Insurance Company, Third Coast Insurance Company or CompWest Insurance Company.

The company is led by Stephen Cooper, president.

History
Accident Fund was founded as a state operation in 1912. It was purchased by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan in 1994.

In April 2011, Accident Fund completed redevelopment of the Ottawa Street Power Station, an Art Deco landmark on the Grand River in downtown Lansing, Michigan, as its new corporate headquarters.

References

External links

Companies based in Lansing, Michigan
Insurance companies of the United States
American companies established in 1912
Financial services companies established in 1912
1912 establishments in Michigan
Workers' compensation
1994 mergers and acquisitions


Thomas Montgomery Adair (June 15, 1913 – May 24, 1988) was an American songwriter, composer, and screenwriter.

Biography

Adair was born on 15 June 1913, in Newton, Kansas, where his father owned a clothing store: he was the only child of William Adair and Madge Cochran.

Around 1923 the family moved to Los Angeles, where Tom Adair attended Los Angeles Junior College (now Los Angeles City College). In his early career he worked as a complaints clerk at the local power company, while writing poetry and song lyrics in his spare time.

In 1941, Adair met Matt Dennis in a club and the duo began writing songs together. Adair's song-writing career took him to New York during the 1940s where he penned several Broadway hits, and worked with Tommy Dorsey and Frank Sinatra. He later returned to Los Angeles and worked with writer James B. Allardice on scripts for sit-coms.

In 1949, Adair married Frances Adelle Jeffords; in later life, they worked together on songs and teleplays for Disney.
They had 4 children.

Career
After meeting Matt Dennis in 1940, Adair started working with him, moving to New York when the duo were hired by Tommy Dorsey. Adair and Dennis wrote numerous songs for Dorsey, Bing Crosby, and Dinah Shore and penned Frank Sinatra's hit "Let's Get Away from It All." In 1942, Matt Dennis joined the Army Air Corps. Adair moved on to work with Dick Uhl and hit song "In the Blue of the Evening" with Alfonso d'Artega. About the collaboration among Adair, Dennis, and Sinatra, Vanity Fair magazine said "Sinatra's first recording away from Dorsey took place at RCA’s Los Angeles studios on the afternoon of Monday, January 19, 1942. He had chosen the song for his attempt as a soloist, a ballad, naturally, all dripping with romance: it was 'The Night We Called It a Day,' by these new kids Matt Dennis and Tom Adair, who’d written 'Let’s Get Away from It All' and 'Violets for Your Furs.' "

From June 1944, Adair worked with composer Gordon Jenkins in writing a complete score every week for the Auto-Lite radio show, which featured singer Dick Haymes.

He wrote many hit songs, including "Let's Get Away From It All", "Everything Happens to Me", "In The Blue of Evening", "Will You Still Be Mine?", "Violets for Your Furs", "The Night We Called It A Day", "The Skyscraper Blues", "A Home-Sweet-Home In The Army", "How Will I Know My Love?", "Sing A Smiling Song", "Paul Bunyan", "There's No You", and "Weep No More".

In 1949, Adair wrote the lyrics for the Broadway production of Along Fifth Avenue. It ran for 180 performances at the Broadhurst Theatre, with the original cast including Carol Bruce, Jackie Gleason, George S. Irving, Hank Ladd, Donald Richards and Nancy Walker.

After the show closed, Adair returned to Los Angeles, working for Disney in the 1950s.
In 1958, Adair first met James B. Allardice while working on "The Ann Sothern Show" (1958); he wrote the music while Allardice was a writer on the show. Adair went on to have a successful partnership working on the sit-com, "Hazel" (1961); however, they also collaborated in the writing on two episodes of "Hazel": "A Replacement For Phoebe" (which aired on 1961-10-02) and "Harold's Good Fortune" (which aired on 1961-11-30). Later the two collaborated on many other shows, including "My Three Sons", "F Troop", "Hogan's Heroes", "I Dream of Jeannie" and "Gomer Pyle". The partnership lasted until Allardice's death in 1966.

A late triumph was the lyrics for an NBC cartoon special, "Babar Comes to America" (1971) with John Scott Trotter.

Death

The Adairs retired to Honolulu, Hawaii in 1984. On 24 May 1988, Tom died at the age of 74.

Music in Films

 (2011) The Ides of March. George Clooney, Ryan Gosling.
 (2004) Melinda and Melinda. Jonny Lee Miller
 (2000) Keeping the Faith. Eli Wallach
 (1999) The End of the Affair. Ralph Fiennes
 (1998) Playing By Heart. Sean Connery
 (1957)  Julie.  Doris Day

Music in Television
 (2002) We Were the Mulvaneys

Award nominations

References

External links

1913 births
1988 deaths
People from Newton, Kansas
American male screenwriters
American musical theatre lyricists
American film score composers
American male film score composers
American television composers
Accidental deaths from falls
Accidental deaths in Hawaii
Songwriters from Kansas
20th-century classical musicians
American male television writers
20th-century American composers
Screenwriters from Kansas
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century American male writers
Walt Disney Animation Studios people
20th-century American screenwriters


Gilbert McKenna (1800 – after 1877) was a political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Shelburne County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1840 to 1843 and from 1847 to 1851.

He was born in Shelburne, Nova Scotia, the son of Duncan McKenna, a United Empire Loyalist originally from Scotland. McKenna was educated in Shelburne and Halifax. In 1846, he married Mary Stalker. McKenna was called to the province's Legislative Council in 1868.

References
 The Canadian parliamentary companion for 1875, HJ Morgan

1800 births
Year of death missing
Nova Scotia pre-Confederation MLAs
Members of the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia


Lifespan is a 1976 Dutch thriller film directed by Alexander Whitelaw and starring Hiram Keller, Tina Aumont and Klaus Kinski.

Plot
American Dr. Ben Land travels to Amsterdam to meet with Dr. Linden, an expert on aging who is supposedly close to a breakthrough. Unfortunately, Dr. Linden is discovered hanged and Ben is left with only baffling clues. He becomes intimate with Anna, who worked as a bondage model for the doctor. In an extended and controversial scene, the two engage in light shibari bondage of Anna, the first such instance of bondage in mainstream media. Later, Ben discovers that Anna knows more than she should about the mysterious 'Swiss man', Nicholas Ulrich.

Cast
 Hiram Keller as Dr. Ben Land
 Tina Aumont as Anna
 Klaus Kinski as Nicholas Ulrich
 Adrian Brine as Dr. Winston
 Rudi Falkenhagen as Police inspector
 Rudolf Lucieer as Journalist
 Sacco van der Made as Animal feeder
 Paul Melton as Journalist
 Helen van Meurs as Psychiatrist
 Onno Molenkamp as Director of old age home
 Frans Mulder as Pim Henke
 Lydia Polak as Lydia
 Fons Rademakers as Prof. van Arp
 Joan Remmelts as Family doctor
 Dick Scheffer as Official from ministry of science
 Eric Schneider - as . Linden
 André van den Heuvel as Felix Dolda
 Albert Van Doorn as Emile van der Lutte

References

External links

1976 films
1970s thriller films
English-language Dutch films
1970s English-language films


Blanche of France (1 April 1328 – 8 February 1393) was the posthumous daughter of King Charles IV of France and his third wife, Joan of Évreux (the daughter of Louis, Count of Évreux and Margaret of Artois). She was the last direct Capetian and the last-surviving member of her family, and her marriage to her second-cousin, Philip, Duke of Orléans, proved childless. With Blanche's death in 1393, the House of Capet continued to exist only via its numerous cadet branches.

Succession
As with his brothers before him, King Charles IV died without a male heir, thus ending the direct line of the House of Capet. Twelve years earlier, a rule against succession by females, arguably derived from the Salic law, had been recognized as controlling succession to the French throne. Application of this rule barred Charles's 1-year-old daughter Marie from succeeding as the monarch.

Jeanne was also pregnant at the time of his death. Since it was possible that she would give birth to a son, a regency was set up under Philip of Valois, the closest agnate. After two months, Queen Jeanne gave birth to Blanche. The regent thus became king and in May was consecrated and crowned. At this time, a further rule of succession, again arguably based on the Salic law, was recognized as forbidding not only inheritance by a woman, but also inheritance through a female line.

Marriage
Blanche married on 8 January 1345 her cousin Philip, Duke of Orléans (1336–1375), son of King Philip VI of France and Queen Joan the Lame. They had no children but Philip had illegitimate children. He died in 1376 and his title and lands returned to the royal domain.

Blanche died in 1393 and is buried in the chapel of Notre-Dame in the Basilica of St Denis.

Ancestry

Notes

1328 births
1393 deaths
House of Capet
French princesses
Duchesses of Orléans
Burials at the Basilica of Saint-Denis
Daughters of kings


Jerome August Neudecker (August 13, 1930 – January 11, 1997) was an American Major League Baseball umpire who worked in the American League from  to .  He wore number 6 when the league adopted uniform numbers in 1980.

Early career
Born in Marine, Illinois, Neudecker attended Johnson's Umpire School, run by former NL umpire Steamboat Johnson. After attending the umpire school, Neudecker began working in the Georgia–Florida League in 1950. In 1951, he moved to the Evangeline Baseball League. While serving in the Air Force, stationed in Valdosta, Georgia, Neudecker returned to the Georgia-Florida league in 1954 and 1955. In 1956, he began work in the South Atlantic League, before returning to the Air Force and serving until 1960.

Neudecker resumed working in the South Atlantic League in 1960 and continued on through 1962. The league's name was then changed to the Southern League, and Neudecker continued umpiring there through 1965, before being called up to the American League at the end of the 1965 season.

Major league career
Neudecker worked in three All-Star Games (1966, 1972 and 1976) four American League Championship Series (1970, 1974, 1977 and 1981) and two World Series (1973 and 1979).  He was the home plate umpire in Game 7 of the 1979 Series, which the Pittsburgh Pirates won after Willie Stargell's sixth-inning home run gave them a 2–1 lead and propelled them to a third straight victory over the Baltimore Orioles, who had led the Series three games to one. Neudecker also officiated in four no-hitters, including being the home plate umpire for two: Joe Horlen's on September 10,   and Catfish Hunter's perfect game on May 8, .

Neudecker was the last full-time Major League umpire to use a "balloon" chest protector. (Bill Deegan, who had retired during the  season, wore this chest protector during two umpire strikes: on Opening Day, , and for two games during the  season.) After his retirement, his chest protector was sent to the Baseball Hall of Fame.

Neudecker's final game behind the plate was October 5, 1985, when the Toronto Blue Jays clinched their first American League East division championship by defeating the New York Yankees at Exhibition Stadium. The next day, in his final game, Neudecker worked at third base as Phil Niekro pitched a complete-game shutout for the Yankees to notch his 300th career win.

Neudecker then became the assistant supervisor of American League umpires in 1986, working under Marty Springstead.

At the time of his death, he was working in the Baseball Umpire Development program.

Neudecker died of cancer at age 66 at Fort Walton Beach, Florida, and was buried there at Beal Memorial Cemetery.

See also

 List of Major League Baseball umpires

References

External links
Retrosheet.org

1930 births
1997 deaths
American League umpires
Deaths from cancer in Florida
Major League Baseball umpires
People from Marine, Illinois


Barbara West (née Schmitt; born 1948) is an American television journalist and former news anchor for WFTV in Orlando, Florida.  She and her husband have now organized a not-for-profit foundation that raises significant amounts of money for leading hospitals, animal shelters, hospices, educational institutions and other charitable organizations across the country.

Personal information
West attended the University of Vermont and obtained a Master's degree. While there, she won the 1969 Miss Vermont contest and was selected to represent her state in the national Miss America competition. Before starting her career in television news, she was an assistant professor at the university.

West's husband Wade West is a former political strategist for both Democrats and Republicans, including presidential cabinet members and the Bush and Clinton administrations.

Journalism career
West was principal assistant to Peter Jennings while he was anchor for ABC's World News Tonight in London. She helped cover such stories as the Royal Wedding of Charles and Diana and the Iranian Hostage Crisis. Since 1992 she has served as health reporter and anchor for Orlando's WFTV news at noon and 5:30. As a health reporter she traveled to Canada to report on its health care system and to the Ukraine to report on the tenth anniversary of the Chernobyl disaster and its health effects. She received the 2002 Summit Award for Community service from Central Florida Women's Resource Center and an Emmy for her reporting on women fighting breast cancer.  On her official biography page on WFTV.com, she lists her first two specific accomplishments as covering the inauguration of President George W. Bush and covering the impeachment of President Bill Clinton.

2008 presidential race interviews
On October 23, 2008, West interviewed Democratic vice-presidential candidate Joe Biden with questions she personally wrote. West asked Biden if he was "embarrassed about Barack Obama's affiliation with ACORN" given allegations of voter registration fraud by ACORN in elections past, likened Obama's response to a question from Ohio voter "Joe the Plumber" to a quote from Karl Marx, asked how Obama is not being a Marxist given his views on "spreading the wealth", and questioned if Obama might lead the U.S. "into a socialist country much like Sweden." At one point, Biden asked West if she was joking, and later suggested she was offering "talking points" against Obama.

The Obama campaign responded saying "This station's interview with Joe Biden wasn't tough — it was just absurd." The Obama campaign cancelled a subsequent interview with the candidate's wife, Jill Biden. Obama's Florida spokeswoman called West "both combative and woefully uninformed about simple facts."
WFTV's news director defended her, saying she had not been inappropriately tough: "I'd rather be known as aggressive than pulling punches. We ask questions on behalf of viewers."

While praised by "birther conspirators", reactions from mainstream commentators were negative. Her performance was criticized as a "desperate audition for a primetime job at Fox News", considered a partisan stunt after she gave a soft interview to Republican candidate John McCain and West was characterized as exhibiting conservative bias. Others said that these characterizations were unfair and that Biden had overreacted. A few noted her husband's connections with the Republican Party, questioning if that was an influencing factor.  West attempted and failed to deflect criticisms by promoting her husband's relationships with the Clinton Administration State Department and the Department of Justice Office of Civil Rights Enforcement.

References

External links
WFTV biography
Barack Obama Interview (09/12/2008)
John McCain Interview (10/14/2008)
Joe Biden Interview (10/23/2008)
John McCain Interview (10/27/2008)
O'Reilly features Barbara West after Biden interview

1948 births
Living people
American television journalists
Beauty pageant contestants from Vermont
Florida Republicans
Miss America 1970 delegates
Television anchors from Orlando, Florida
University of Vermont alumni
American women television journalists
20th-century American people
21st-century American women


"You Better Not Waste My Time" also known as "Better Not Waste My Time" is the debut single by British MOBO-award winning hip hop group N-Dubz. It was released on 19 August 2006 as a digital download only single, whilst the group was still self-funded. It was then later re-released on 22 October 2007, this time with a physical release and under the group's new record label at the time – Polydor Records. The single was later featured on N-Dubz's Platinum-selling debut album Uncle B which was released in November 2008.

Background
"You Better Not Waste My Time" is a mid-paced track which features an upbeat rhythm consisting of lightly placed keys, horns and strong bass. It is both written and produced by the group and  Jack Freegard. The song features vocals and rapping by all three of N-Dubz's members: Dappy, Tulisa and Fazer. The song's intro and chorus are rapped by Dappy and Tulisa is involved in the backing vocals and reply verse of the song. The song then ends off with a verse rapped by Fazer. The general theme of the song is about growing up, the difficulties of it and how to use it to make you stronger. The lyrics involve stereotyping and the discriminating of "untalented" scholars or kids who never completed their school career. Examples of this include Dappy's verse, "Just because I neva went to school don't mean I can't be perfect". Tulisa's reply verse involves the difficulty that girls face during their school years and how jealousy more often than not results in conflict in competitive situations at school with lyrics such as "So much hate, lies an deceit" describing the extent of the conflict of these situations between girls at school. The second half of the song is aimed to inspiring the song's listener, from the personal experience of the group, to not take notice of the difficulties of life but rather to rise above it despite what people say. An example of this is found in the line "I love my Nike Air, but now movin onto Gucci and Prada". The single was released and re-released before making the group's debut album, "Uncle B" and therefore didn't have an effect on the album's sales which were first boosted by the group's later single "Ouch" in 2008. The re-release of the song featured a significantly shorter version of the original; the re-release version being 03:30 long and the original 05:10. Tulisa's view on the re-release of the song: I think re-releasing "Better Not Waste My Time" was a mistake Polydor made because they weren't aiming at our main fanbase, they were reaching out for a new fanbase. It did gain us new fans, but at the same time, we missed out on how many thousands of fans we already had, because we didn't bring out a fresh track. "You Better Not Waste My Time" is featured as the second track on N-Dubz's setlist for their Uncle B Tour.

Reception

Critical

A writer for the Manchester Evening News praised the track's slick production and deemed its central hook as "one to die for," adding, "This single has a real sense of urgency about it and gets right in your head within seconds." The writer went on to mention that the song's combination of rap and "superb vocals" is what lifts it as a complete product, concluding that Tulisa's Fergie-like harmony is the track's most essential component. The newspaper's writer was however critical of N-Dubz' sound, opining that they are a "teen version of The Black Eyed Peas" sonically, but, "You'd rather your kids listened to this than Samanda, surely?" Emma Warren from The Guardian positively reviewed "You Better Not Waste My Time" writing, "This pop-friendly slice of MC culture riffs on well trodden topics but it does so in such ebullient style that it hardly matters." Warren went on to highlight the song's target market, mentioning, "Currently being played at tinny top volume by kids on buses nationwide. Fraser McAlpine of the BBC felt that the song was "very good" and that he "will certainly be buying a copy [of the single]". Digital Spy's Alex Fletcher awarded "You Better Not Waste My Time" a three (out of five)-star rating, deeming the group's "cock-sure" attitude and bravado as one that "makes a refreshing change from the twee and retiring indie chaps that generally clog the nations airwaves." Fletcher felt that the song manifested the group's ear for a decent tune, adding, "The haunting piano line and reverberating bass thumps should find themselves on a million kids' ringtones." He went on to liken Dappy's rapping on the track to American rapper Eminem, writing, "the Eminem-aping rap patter is certainly impressive, even though it lacks the wit and intelligence of the US star." Fletcher was however critical of the song's lyrical content, opining, "the bitter lyrics about disparaging school teachers are not attractive, " and felt that the group's "brand of grimy, haunting garage is somewhere between the So Solid Crew, Blazin' Squad comic book gangster nonsense of a few years back and the far more acceptable sounds of UK hip-hop stars Kano and Sway."

Commercial
"You Better Not Waste My Time" originally peaked at number 141 on the UK Singles Chart on 11 November 2006, following its independent release on LRC Records. Upon its re-release through Polydor Records, the single re-entered the UK Singles Chart at number 96 on 27 October 2007, it then climbed 70 places to reach a peak of number 26 the following week, becoming N-Dubz' first top 40 hit in the United Kingdom. It spent a total of five consecutive weeks in the chart's top 100, and is now the trio's 11th highest-peaking single to-date.

Music video
N-Dubz created two music videos for "You Better Not Waste My Time". The first and original video was self-funded by the group by themselves but as part of the single's re-release promotion under Polydor Records a new video was remade, making it the second and official music video for the track. The first was uploaded onto YouTube on 15 March 2007; as of 12 June 2009 this video has been viewed 1,355,108 times. The second was uploaded onto YouTube on 22 September 2007, also on 12 June 2009; this video has so far been viewed 1,456,804 times. The first video is 5:18 long; the second video is considerably shorter at 3:40 long. The first video features Dappy in a series of comic costumes and all three members performing in a pool. The explicit version of the song is used in this version of the video. The second video starts off with a dancer dancing in the dark, then Dappy lighting a match. He then throws it away and you see that all members of N-Dubz are sitting on the floor. Dappy gets up and walks off, stage lights turn off and shows that some dancers are performing. It then goes pitch black and all you can see is Dappy. It then shows a person screaming on stage, then a ninja jumps down, then Dappy sits on a chair and gets touched up. Then it shows all three members of N-Dubz dancing together, then it goes pitch black and all you can see is Tulisa, then the stage lights turn on and you can see the performance on stage. Then it goes close to Tulisa who is sitting down, then she walks off, she joins the rest of N-Dubz, then it goes pitch black. Tulisa and Dappy walk off and you can only see Fazer, he then walks off. The stage lights come on and you can see the performance again, but then it goes dark. Then it shows Dappy with a teddy bear. Then it shows N-Dubz performing together, then it ends with them performing and the dancers dancing around them. Despite the single's limited commercial release in 2006, the music video spent seven weeks at No. 1 on the UK's Channel U.

Track listing
 2006 Digital Download
 "You Better Not Waste My Time" – 5:10

 2007 Digital Download / CD Single
 "You Better Not Waste My Time" (2007 Edit) – 3:40
 "You Better Not Waste My Time" (Naughty Boy Remix) – 3:24

Charts

References

2006 debut singles
2006 songs
N-Dubz songs
Polydor Records singles
Songs written by Tulisa (singer)
Songs written by Richard Rawson
Songs written by Dappy


Golden Night (, ) is a 1976 French drama film directed by Serge Moati and starring Klaus Kinski.

Plot
A man who was considered dead returns in order to get back at those enemies who tried to kill him off.

Cast
 Bernard Blier as Commissaire Pidoux
 Klaus Kinski as Michel Fournier
 Marie Dubois as Véronique
 Jean-Luc Bideau as Henri Fournier
 Charles Vanel as Charles Fournier
 Anny Duperey as Andrée
 Elisabeth Flickenschildt as Anna, Michel's mother
 Raymond Bussières as Charron, a gambler
 Valérie Pascale as Catherine, the little girl
 Maurice Ronet as Henry aka Nuit d'or

References

External links

1976 films
1970s thriller films
Films about dysfunctional families
Films directed by Serge Moati
1970s French-language films
French thriller films
French films about revenge
German films about revenge
Films about gambling
German thriller films
1970s French films
1970s German films


The Royal Academy () is the official school for music, dance, and theater in China between the Tang dynasty and Ming dynasty, lasting more than 1000 years.

History
In the 7th century, the Chinese Royal Academy was set up by Emperor Gaozu of Tang in the purpose to teach music, theater, and dance for court entertainment. The name of the Royal Academy at first was Private Academy (Chinese: 內教坊), coordinated by the Tai-Chang Temple (Chinese: 太常寺, the central religion administration for the royal family). In the years of Empress Wu Zetian, the Private Academy was once called Yun-Shao Palace (Chinese: 雲韶府, which means the place of cloud and sunlight). Finally, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang renamed the academy to the Royal Academy. In the meantime, he made the school independent with a new governmental official similar to the western Kapellmeister to guide.

References

Music organizations based in China


In differential geometry, systolic freedom refers to the fact that closed Riemannian manifolds may have arbitrarily small volume regardless of their systolic invariants.
That is, systolic invariants or products of systolic invariants do not in general provide universal (i.e. curvature-free) lower bounds for the total volume of a closed Riemannian manifold.

Systolic freedom was first detected by Mikhail Gromov in an I.H.É.S. preprint in 1992 (which eventually appeared as ), and was further developed by Mikhail Katz, Michael Freedman and others.  Gromov's observation was elaborated on by .  One of the first publications to study systolic freedom in detail is by .

Systolic freedom has applications in quantum error correction.   survey the main results on systolic freedom.

Example
The complex projective plane admits Riemannian metrics of arbitrarily small volume, such that every essential surface is of area at least 1.  Here a surface is called "essential" if it cannot be contracted to a point in the ambient 4-manifold.

Systolic constraint
The opposite of systolic freedom is systolic constraint, characterized by the presence of systolic inequalities such as Gromov's systolic inequality for essential manifolds.

References
. Astérisque 216, Exp. No. 771, 5, 279–310.
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Differential geometry
Riemannian geometry
Systolic geometry


Waltman Walter syndrome
is characterized by accumulation of bile in the right subphrenic or subhepatic space, even when provision for drainage appears to have been adequate after a cholecystectomy.  It is named for Dr. Waltman Walters, an abdominal surgeon at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN.

Symptoms and signs
Upper abdominal or chest pain associated with tachycardia and persistently low blood pressure due to compression on IVC are cardinal signs and are mistaken for coronary thrombosis.

Diagnosis
Ultrasonography will show collection in subphrenic or subhepatic space.

Treatment
Abdominal reexploration and drainage of bile is curative.

References

Syndromes


Francisco Enrique Camps Ortiz (born 28 August 1962) is a Spanish politician belonging to the Partido Popular (PP).  He served as President of the Valencian Government, the Valencian regional administration, in the period 2003–2011, and is still a member of the Corts Valencianes, the Valencian regional parliament.

Biography
A lawyer, Mr Camps is married with three children. He was first elected as a local councillor to Valencia city council, serving from 1991 to 1996, occupying the Presidency of the municipal transport body during that period. In 1996 he was elected to the Spanish Congress, representing Valencia province serving as Secretary of State for Territorial Administrations. However he resigned from the Congress 11 months later in February 1997, after being named as Minister for Culture and Education in the Generalitat Valenciana, retaining that post until January 1999. At the 2000 General Election, he returned to the Spanish Congress but again resigned in 2002 in order to run for President of the Valencian Government.

In July 2003 he was elected president, being re-elected with absolute majorities in 2007 and 2011. During his administration he attracted the European Grand Prix auto race and the America's Cup yacht race.
He continued to serve as president until his resignation in 2011.

Gürtel case
In February 2009 Camps was implicated in a scandal known as the Gürtel Case (Caso Gürtel) relating to an alleged criminal network controlled by businessman Francisco Correa. ("Gürtel" is the German translation for the businessman's surname, Correa/belt).

In March 2009, Camps was one of several PP figures accused by magistrate Baltasar Garzón of taking bribes.
Garzón alleged that Camps received €12,000 towards a tailor's bill from an associate of Correa. For two years Camps was to claim that he paid for the clothes himself.
The case against Camps was transferred to a local court in Valencia which, in August 2009, ruled that Camps had not committed a crime.
In May 2010 Camps' bribery case reopened as the High Court in Madrid ruled that there was enough evidence to bring a case against him.  Camps was reelected as President of Valencia in May 2011, although the case threatened to undermine his political career.  On 20 July 2011, Camps resigned as Valencian premier and leader of the Valencian Partido Popular in order to avoid standing trial while in office.  He continued to maintain his innocence although he said that he may have received presents.

On 25 January 2012 he was declared 'not guilty' by a popular jury.

Six years later, on 25 January 2018 Ricardo Costa, Mr. Camps's old colleague, admitted that the People's Party in the Valencian Community was financed with "dirty money". This acknowledgement was helpful for the inquiry into political financing using "Associations" in several provinces of the Valencian Country.

Formula One case
Moreover, Francisco Camps is under investigation for the Formula One in Valencia.

References

External links

Biography at Spanish Congress site.

1962 births
Living people
Valencia city councillors
Presidents of the Valencian Government
Members of the 6th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Members of the 7th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
People's Party (Spain) politicians
Members of the 6th Corts Valencianes
Members of the 7th Corts Valencianes
Members of the 8th Corts Valencianes
Secretaries of State of Spain