Transplantable organs and tissues may refer to both organs and tissues that are relatively often transplanted (here "major organs and tissues"), as well as organs and tissues which are relatively seldom transplanted (here "non-major organs and tissues"). In addition to this it may also refer to possible-transplants which are still in the experimental stage.

Major organs, tissues or cells

Heart

Heart transplantation is performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery disease. The most common procedure is to take a working heart from a recently deceased organ donor (allograft) and implant it into the patient. The patient's own heart may either be removed (orthotopic procedure) or, less commonly, left in to support the donor heart (heterotopic procedure). It is also possible to take a heart from another species (xenograft), or implant a man-made artificial one, although the outcome of these two procedures has been less successful in comparison to the far more commonly performed allografts.

Lung

While lung transplants carry certain associated risks, they can also extend life expectancy and enhance the quality of life for end-stage pulmonary patients.

While the precise details of surgery will depend on the exact type of transplant, there are many steps which are common to all of these procedures. Prior to operating on the recipient, the transplant surgeon inspects the donor lung(s) for signs of damage or disease. If the lung or lungs are approved, then the recipient is connected to an IV line and various monitoring equipment, including pulse oximetry. The patient will be given general anesthesia, and a machine will breathe for them.

It takes about one hour for the pre-operative preparation of the patient. A single lung transplant takes about four to eight hours, while a double lung transplant takes about six to twelve hours to complete. A history of prior chest surgery may complicate the procedure and require additional time.

Heart-lung

A heart-lung transplant is a procedure carried out to replace both heart and lungs in a single operation. Due to a shortage of suitable donors, it is a rare procedure; only about a hundred such transplants are performed each year in the United States.

The patient is anesthetised. When the donor organs arrive, they are checked for fitness; if any organs show signs of damage, they are discarded and the operation cancelled. In order to avoid removal of recipient organs when donor organs are not viable, it is standard procedure that the patient is not operated on until the donor organs arrive and are judged suitable, despite the time delay this involves.

Once suitable donor organs are present, the surgeon makes an incision starting above and finishing below the sternum, cutting all the way to the bone. The skin edges are retracted to expose the sternum. Using a bone saw, the sternum is cut down the middle. Rib spreaders are inserted in the cut, and spread the ribs to give access to the heart and lungs of the patient.

The patient is connected to a heart-lung machine, which circulates and oxygenates blood. The surgeon removes the failing heart and lungs. Most surgeons endeavour to cut blood vessels as close as possible to the heart to leave room for trimming, especially if the donor heart is of a different size than the original organ.

The donor heart and lungs are positioned and sewn into place. As the donor organs warm up to body temperature, the lungs begin to inflate. The heart may fibrillate at first - this occurs because the cardiac muscle fibres are not contracting synchronously. Internal paddles can be used to apply a small electric shock to the heart to restore proper rhythm.

Once the donor organs are functioning normally, the heart-lung machine is withdrawn, and the chest is closed.

Kidney

Kidney transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease. Kidney transplantation is typically classified as deceased-donor (formerly known as cadaveric) or living-donor transplantation depending on the source of the recipient organ. Living-donor renal transplants are further characterized as genetically related (living-related) or non-related (living-unrelated) transplants, depending on whether a biological relationship exists between the donor and recipient.

Liver

Liver transplantation is the replacement of a diseased liver with a healthy liver allograft. The most commonly used technique is orthotopic transplantation, in which the native liver is removed and the donor organ is placed in the same anatomic location as the original liver. Liver transplantation nowadays is a well accepted treatment option for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure.

Pancreas

A pancreas transplant involves implanting a healthy pancreas (one that can produce insulin) into a person who has diabetes. Because the pancreas performs functions necessary in the digestion process, the recipient's native pancreas is left in place, and the donated pancreas attached in a different location. In the event of rejection of the new pancreas, the recipient could not survive without the native pancreas still in place. The healthy pancreas comes from a donor who has just died or it may be a partial pancreas from a living donor. Whole pancreas transplants from living donors are not possible, again because the pancreas is a necessary organ for digestion. At present, pancreas transplants are usually performed in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes who have severe complications.

Intestine

Small intestine transplantation is the rarest type of solid organ transplant. Currently, approximately half are pediatric recipients. The most common indications in adults are ischemia (22%), Crohn's disease (13%), trauma (12%), and desmoid tumor (10%); and in pediatrics, gastroschisis (21%), volvulus (18%), and necrotizing enterocolitis (12%). Higher graft and patient survival rates are seen at the more experienced transplant programs. Within the last few years, 1-year graft and patient survival at more experienced centers have reached 60% to 70% and 65% to 80%, respectively.

Cornea

Corneal transplantation is a surgical procedure where a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by donated corneal tissue which has been removed from a recently deceased individual having no known diseases which might affect the viability of the donated tissue. The cornea is the clear part of eye in front of the iris and pupil. The surgical procedure is performed by ophthalmologists, medical doctors who specialize in eyes, and are often done on an outpatient basis (the patient goes home following surgery).

Skin

Skin grafting is often used to treat:
 Extensive wounding or trauma
 Burns
 Areas of prior infection with extensive skin loss
 Specific surgeries that may require skin grafts for healing to occur

Skin grafts are often employed after serious injuries when some of the body's skin is damaged. Surgical removal (excision or debridement) of the damaged skin is followed by skin grafting. The grafting serves two purposes: it can reduce the course of treatment needed (and time in the hospital), and it can improve the function and appearance of the area of the body which receives the skin graft.

Blood

Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood-based products from one person into the circulatory system of another. Blood transfusions can be life-saving in some situations, such as massive blood loss due to trauma, or can be used to replace blood lost during surgery. Blood transfusions may also be used to treat a severe anaemia or thrombocytopenia caused by a blood disease. People with hemophilia or sickle-cell disease may require frequent blood transfusions. Early transfusions used Whole Blood, but modern medical practice is to use only components of the blood.

Hematopoietic stem cells

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of blood stem cells derived from the bone marrow (that is, bone marrow transplantation) or blood. Stem cell transplantation is a medical procedure in the fields of hematology and oncology, most often performed for people with diseases of the blood, bone marrow, or certain types of cancer.

Stem cell transplantation was pioneered using bone-marrow-derived stem cells by a team at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center from the 1950s through the 1970s led by E. Donnall Thomas, whose work was later recognized with a Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. Thomas' work showed that bone marrow cells infused intravenously could repopulate the bone marrow and produce new blood cells. His work also reduced the likelihood of developing a life-threatening complication called graft-versus-host disease.

The first physician to perform a successful human bone marrow transplant was Robert A. Good.

With the availability of the stem cell growth factors GM-CSF and G-CSF, most hematopoietic stem cell transplantation procedures are now performed using stem cells collected from the peripheral blood, rather than from the bone marrow. Collecting peripheral blood stem cells provides a bigger graft, does not require that the donor be subjected to general anesthesia to collect the graft, results in a shorter time to engraftment, and may provide for a lower long-term relapse rate.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains a risky procedure with many possible complications; it has traditionally been reserved for patients with life-threatening diseases. While occasionally used experimentally in nonmalignant and nonhematologic indications such as severe disabling auto-immune disease and cardiovascular disease, the risk of fatal complications appears too high to gain wider acceptance.

Non-major organs, tissues or cells

Penis

The penis may be an allograft from a human donor, or it may be grown artificially, though the latter is untested in humans.

Uterus

A uterine transplant is the replacement of a uterus which has undergone necrosis. Though the procedure has significant potential, it has been performed only a few times.

Thymus

Thymus transplantation can be used to treat infants with DiGeorge syndrome, which results in an absent or hypoplastic thymus, in turn causing problems with the immune system's T-cell mediated response. It is exclusively used in people with complete DiGeorge anomaly, which are entirely athymic. This subgroup represents less than 1% of DiGeorge syndrome patients.

Heart valve

Biological valves are valves of animals, like pigs, which undergo several chemical procedures in order to make them suitable for implantation in the human heart. The porcine (or pig) heart is most similar to the human heart, and therefore represents the best anatomical fit for replacement. Implantation of a porcine valve is a type of Xenotransplantation, or Xenograft, which means a transplant from one species (in this case a pig) to another. There are some risks associated with a Xenograft such as the human body's tendency to reject foreign material. Medication can be used to delay this effect, but is not always successful.

Bone

Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone with material from the patient's own body, an artificial, synthetic, or natural substitute. Bone grafting is used to repair bone fractures that are extremely complex, pose a significant health risk to the patient, or fail to heal properly.

Experimental transplants
The following is a list of possible-transplantations which are still in the experimental and research stage or have only been partially successful.

Face

A face transplant is a still-experimental procedure. In addition to skin, the transplant optimally includes bones, along with muscle, skin, blood vessels and nerves.

Hands

The operation is carried out in the following order: bone fixation, tendon repair, artery repair, nerve repair, then vein repair. The operation typically lasts 8 to 12 hours. By comparison, a typical heart transplant operation lasts 6 to 8 hours.

The recipient of a hand transplant needs to take immunosuppressive drugs, as the body's natural immune system will try to reject, or destroy, the hand. These drugs cause the recipient to have a weak immune system and react severely even from minor infections.

In 2008, surgeons in Munich transplanted two whole arms. The long-term results remain to be seen.

Leg
In ischiopagic conjoined twins, a healthy leg was transplanted from a dying conjoined twin to her sister. There is no need for immunosuppression because of the identical genetic make-up of the donor and recipient.

The first leg transplant between genetically different people was performed in 2011, led by surgeon Pedro Cavadas. The procedure provided two legs to a double amputee, and recovery went well for about eight months. By then the man was able to stand up in a swimming pool. However, due to an unrelated illness, immunosuppressants had to be stopped, and the legs consequently needed to be amputated.

Ovary
Ovary transplantation, giving rise to successful pregnancies, will result in children who will have the genetic inheritance of the organ donor and not the recipient. It has so far only been carried out on identical twins, since the use of an ovarian transplant from a genetically identical donor prevents rejection of the donated organ. This bypasses the need for immune suppressants to maintain the function of the donated ovary, which is not vital for survival. More significantly, many immunosuppressants, such as mycophenolate mofetil, may cause birth defects.

Ovary transplants in non-genetically identical individuals have been attempted, however they have ultimately failed. One example of this is Lili Elbe who received an ovary transplant in the early 1930s but died shortly thereafter due to various complications.

Islets of Langerhans

Islet cell transplantation has the possibility of restoring beta cells and curing diabetes.

The Chicago Project headed at University of Illinois at Chicago Medical Center is investigating ways to regenerate beta cells in vivo. With that being said, beta cells experience apoptosis early and thus are destroyed within a normal-functioning pancreas. The source of this seems to come from the transfer of Pander, a gene that works by attaching to RNA. Pander, when active, causes the beta cells to be blocked at S phase, which induces apoptosis. This loss of beta cell mass eventually leads to a loss of most of the transplanted beta cells.

See also
 Organ transplant

References

Transplantation medicine


The Mel languages are a branch of Niger–Congo languages spoken in Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. The most populous is Temne, with about two million speakers; Kissi is next, with half a million.

Languages
Mel has traditionally been classified as the bulk of a southern branch of a West Atlantic branch of Niger–Congo. However, these are geographic and typological rather than genealogical groups; Segerer (2010) shows that there is no exclusive relationship between Mel and the other southern languages, Sua (Mansoanka) and Gola.

Fields (2004) splits Mel into a Highlands group originating in Guinea, and also a Bullom-Kisi-Gola group.

Mel
Bullom-Kisi-Gola
Gola
Bullom-Kisi
Bullom
Kisi
Highlands
Temne
Landuma
Sitem

Fields (2008:83) proposes that the homeland of Proto-Mel is located in the north-central highlands of Sierra Leone just to the south of the Lesser Scarcies River, rather than on the coast. The homeland of Proto-Highlands is located along the middle stretches of the Konkoure River in Guinea, just to the northeast of Conakry (Fields 2008:85).

Comparative vocabulary
Comparison of basic vocabulary words in the Mel languages from Fields (2004):

Comparison of basic vocabulary words in the Mel languages, and also Sua and Gola, from Wilson (2007): Limba has also been added from Clarke (1922).

See also
Rio Nunez languages

References

Atlantic languages


In the physics of coupled oscillators, antiresonance, by analogy with resonance, is a pronounced minimum in the amplitude of an oscillator at a particular frequency, accompanied by a large, abrupt shift in its oscillation phase. Such frequencies are known as the system's antiresonant frequencies, and at these frequencies the oscillation amplitude can drop to almost zero. Antiresonances are caused by destructive interference, for example between an external driving force and interaction with another oscillator.

Antiresonances can occur in all types of coupled oscillator systems, including mechanical, acoustical, electromagnetic, and quantum systems. They have important applications in the characterization of complicated coupled systems.

The term antiresonance is used in electrical engineering for a form of resonance in a single oscillator with similar effects.

Antiresonance in electrical engineering

In electrical engineering, antiresonance is the condition for which the reactance vanishes and the impedance of an electrical circuit is very high, approaching infinity.

In an electric circuit consisting of a capacitor and an inductor in parallel, antiresonance occurs when the alternating current line voltage and the resultant current are in phase. Under these conditions the line current is very small because of the high electrical impedance of the parallel circuit at antiresonance. The branch currents are almost equal in magnitude and opposite in phase.

Antiresonance in coupled oscillators

The simplest system in which antiresonance arises is a system of coupled harmonic oscillators, for example pendula or RLC circuits.

Consider two harmonic oscillators coupled together with strength  and with one oscillator driven by an oscillating external force . The situation is described by the coupled ordinary differential equations

where the  represent the resonance frequencies of the two oscillators and the  their damping rates. Changing variables to the complex parameters:

allows us to write these as first-order equations:

We transform to a frame rotating at the driving frequency

yielding

where we have introduced the detunings  between the drive and the oscillators' resonance frequencies. Finally, we make a rotating wave approximation, neglecting the fast counter-rotating terms proportional to , which average to zero over the timescales we are interested in (this approximation assumes that , which is reasonable for small frequency ranges around the resonances). Thus we obtain:

Without damping, driving or coupling, the solutions to these equations are:

which represent a rotation in the complex  plane with angular frequency .

The steady-state solution can be found by setting , which gives:

Examining these steady state solutions as a function of driving frequency, it is evident that both oscillators display resonances (peaks in amplitude accompanied by positive phase shifts) at the two normal mode frequencies. In addition, the driven oscillator displays a pronounced dip in amplitude between the normal modes which is accompanied by a negative phase shift. This is the antiresonance. Note that there is no antiresonance in the undriven oscillator's spectrum; although its amplitude has a minimum between the normal modes, there is no pronounced dip or negative phase shift.

Interpretation as destructive interference

The reduced oscillation amplitude at an antiresonance can be regarded as due to destructive interference or cancellation of forces acting on the oscillator.

In the above example, at the antiresonance frequency the external driving force  acting on oscillator 1 cancels the force acting via the coupling to oscillator 2, causing oscillator 1 to remain almost stationary.

Complicated coupled systems

The frequency response function (FRF) of any linear dynamic system composed of many coupled components will in general display distinctive resonance-antiresonance behavior when driven.

As a rule of thumb, it can be stated that as the distance between the driven component and the measured component increases, the number of antiresonances in the FRF decreases. For example, in the two-oscillator situation above, the FRF of the undriven oscillator displayed no antiresonance. Resonances and antiresonances only alternate continuously in the FRF of the driven component itself.

Applications
An important result in the theory of antiresonances is that they can be interpreted as the resonances of the system fixed at the excitation point. This can be seen in the pendulum animation above: the steady-state antiresonant situation is the same as if the left pendulum were fixed and could not oscillate. An important corollary of this result is that the antiresonances of a system are independent of the properties of the driven oscillator; that is, they do not change if the resonance frequency or damping coefficient of the driven oscillator are altered.

This result makes antiresonances useful in characterizing complex coupled systems which cannot be easily separated into their constituent components. The resonance frequencies of the system depend on the properties of all components and their couplings, and are independent of which is driven. The antiresonances, on the other hand, are dependent upon everything except the component being driven, therefore providing information about how it affects the total system. By driving each component in turn, information about all of the individual subsystems can be obtained, despite the couplings between them. This technique has applications in mechanical engineering, structural analysis, and the design of integrated quantum circuits.

In electrical engineering antiresonance is used in wave traps, which are sometimes inserted in series with antennas of radio receivers to block the flow of alternating current at the frequency of an interfering station, while allowing other frequencies to pass.

In nanomechanical systems,  the sideband spectra of a driven nonlinear mode with its eigenfrequency being modulated at a low frequency (<1  kHz) shows prominent antiresonance line shapes in the power spectra, which can be controlled through the vibration state. The antiresonance frequency can  be utilized to characterize the thermal fluctuation and the squeezing parameter of the nonlinear system.

See also
 Resonance
 Oscillator
 Resonance (alternating-current circuits)
 Tuned mass damper
 Fano resonance

References

Oscillation


Stiška Vas (; , ) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Geography

Stiška Vas lies on a broad terrace south of Mount Krvavec () and the valley of the Reka River. In addition to the village core with the church, the settlement includes the hamlets of Hribašek to the west and Škrjančevo to the east. Šipen Hill () rises above the village to the north.

Name
The name Stiška vas appears to mean 'Stična village'. The locals explain the name as deriving from the obligation to pay a tithe to the abbey in Stična.

Church

The local church is dedicated to the Holy Cross and dates to 1751, when the old church in the center of the village was demolished and the current church was built on a small hill above the village. The church features Stations of the Cross painted by Leopold Layer (1752–1828).

Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Stična Vas include:
Ivan Železnikar (1839–1892), editor and journalist

Gallery

References

External links

Stiška Vas on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem


Abraliopsis is a genus of squid in the family Enoploteuthidae comprising 11 nominal species. Species are characterised by the presence of photophores on arm pair IV. Suckers are absent from this arm. The type species is Abraliopsis hoylei.

Species
The following species are listed as members of the genus Abraliopsis:

Subgenus Abraliopsis Joubin, 1896
Abraliopsis hoylei (Pfeffer, 1884)
Abraliopsis morisii (Vérany, 1839), Pfeffer's enope squid
Abraliopsis pacificus  Tsuchiya & Okutani, 1990
Abraliopsis tui Riddell, 1985
Subgenus Boreabraliopsis Tsuchiya & Okutani, 1988
Abraliopsis felis McGowan & Okutani, 1968
Subgenus Micrabralia Pfeffer, 1900
Abraliopsis gilchristi Robson, 1924
Abraliopsis lineata Goodrich, 1896
Subgenus Pfefferiteuthis Tsuchiya & Okutani, 1988
Abraliopsis affinis (Pfeffer, 1912)
Abraliopsis atlantica Nesis, 1982
Abraliopsis chuni  Nesis, 1982
Abraliopsis falco  Young, 1972

References

External links
Tree of Life web project: Abraliopsis

Cephalopod genera
Bioluminescent molluscs


Ander Iturraspe Derteano (; ; born 8 March 1989) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

He spent all but the final season of his career at Athletic Bilbao, appearing in 320 matches in all competitions after making his debut with the first team at the age of 19. In La Liga, he also played with Espanyol.

Iturraspe won two caps for Spain, in 2014.

Club career

Athletic Bilbao
Born in Abadiño, Biscay, Iturraspe joined Athletic Bilbao in 1999, at the age of 10; he returned to his hometown four years later due to homesickness, but went back to Lezama to complete his development shortly after. He spent several seasons in the various junior levels of the club and, in 2007, moved to farm team CD Basconia in the Tercera División.

On 12 March 2008, Iturraspe started for the first team in a 6–1 friendly win against Zalla UC. Towards the end of the league campaign, he also played in exhibition matches with Club Portugalete and Aviron Bayonnais FC.

On 23 June 2008, Iturraspe was officially promoted to the main squad, being issued with the squad number 26. He made his La Liga debut on 14 September, starting in a 0–0 draw at Málaga CF in the same match as another youth graduate, Mikel Balenziaga; his second appearance came as a substitute, in the 2–0 home victory over Real Valladolid.

Iturraspe made his second start for Athletic in a Copa del Rey match against Recreativo de Huelva, being replaced at half-time by Pablo Orbaiz. He continued appearing almost exclusively for the reserves until the end of the season, however.

Benefitting from physical problems to veteran Carlos Gurpegui, Iturraspe played 58 official games in 2011–12 under new manager Marcelo Bielsa; Athletic reached both the UEFA Europa League and the domestic cup finals. At the end of the 2013–14 season, he was voted into the La Liga Team of the Year by the reporters of the Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional.

In early 2019, it was announced that Iturraspe would leave the San Mamés Stadium at the end of the campaign when his contract ended. The club's final home match involved tributes to him, as well as fellow long-serving squad members Mikel Rico and Markel Susaeta who were also departing in similar circumstances.

Espanyol
On 8 July 2019, Iturraspe signed a one-year deal with RCD Espanyol as a free agent. He made his debut on 1 August in the second leg of the second qualifying round in the UEFA Europa League, as a 65th-minute substitute in a 3–1 win at Stjarnan (7–1 aggregate). Hampered by a shoulder injury, he did not feature for the Barcelona-based side until 15 December, again off the bench in a 2–2 home draw against Real Betis.

In September 2020, after his link expired and with his team having been relegated to the Segunda División, Iturraspe decided to decline offers from other clubs and retire from playing, aged 31.

International career
Following a strong 2013–14 season, Iturraspe was called up by Spain national team manager Vicente Del Bosque to his 30-man provisional squad for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, making his debut on 30 May in a friendly with Bolivia in Seville where he played the full 90 minutes (2–0 win). However, the following day, he was omitted from the final list.

Personal life
Iturraspe's younger brother, Gorka, also came through Athletic's academy and became a professional in the same position.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Athletic Bilbao
Copa del Rey runner-up: 2008–09, 2011–12, 2014–15
Supercopa de España runner-up: 2009
UEFA Europa League runner-up: 2011–12

Individual
La Liga Team of the Year: 2013–14

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
People from Abadiño
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Biscay
Men's association football midfielders
La Liga players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
CD Basconia footballers
Athletic Bilbao B footballers
Athletic Bilbao footballers
RCD Espanyol footballers
Spain men's under-23 international footballers
Spain men's international footballers
Basque Country men's international footballers


Ke-mo sah-bee (; often spelled kemo sabe, kemosabe or kimosabe) is the term used by the fictional Native American sidekick Tonto as the "Native American" name for the Lone Ranger in the American television and radio programs The Lone Ranger. Derived from , an Ojibwe and Potawatomi word that may mean 'he/she looks out in secret', it has been occasionally translated as 'trusty scout' (the first Lone Ranger TV episode, 1949) or 'faithful friend'.

Meaning and origin
Jim Jewell, director of The Lone Ranger from 1933 to 1939, took the phrase from Kamp Kee-Mo Sah-Bee, a boys' camp on Mullett Lake in Michigan, established by Charles W. Yeager (Jewell's father-in-law) in 1916. Yeager himself probably took the term from Ernest Thompson Seton, one of the founders of the Boy Scouts of America, who had given the meaning "scout runner" to Kee-mo-sah'-bee in his 1912 book .

Kamp Kee-Mo Sah-Bee was in an area inhabited by the Ottawa, who speak a language that is mutually comprehensible with Ojibwe. John D. Nichols and Earl Nyholm's A Concise Dictionary of Minnesota Ojibwe defines the Ojibwe word  as 'he peeks' (and, in theory, 'he who peeks'), making use of the prefix , 'secretly'; Rob Malouf, now an associate professor of linguistics at San Diego State University, suggested that  may indeed have also meant scout (i.e., 'one who sneaks').

In media
Tonto has been represented by the following actors:

 John Todd in the 1933 radio show
 Chief Thundercloud in the movies from 1938 and forward
 Jay Silverheels in the 1950's TV series
 Michael Horse in the 1981 film The Legend of the Lone Ranger
 Johnny Depp in the 2013 movie

Other uses

Used in the lyrics of the song "Mr. Custer" by Larry Verne in 1960.
Featured in the lyrics of "Apache (Jump on It)", a 1981 song by The Sugarhill Gang.
Featured in the lyrics of "Sharkey's Night" by Laurie Anderson from her 1984 album Mister Heartbreak
Featured in the lyrics of "If I Had a Boat" by Lyle Lovett, from his 1987 album Pontiac.
Featured in the lyrics of "The Lone Ranger", a 1976 UK hit single by Quantum Jump.
In the TV show MacGyver (1985–1992), it's a nickname for MacGyver used by his friend Jack Dalton.
Misquoted as "qué mas sabe" on page 20 of Rabbit Redux by John Updike.
The song "Kemosabe", a 2013 single by Manchester band Everything Everything from their album, Arc.
Kemosabe Records is an American record label founded by music producer Dr. Luke and is owned by Sony Music Entertainment.
A 2023 "Kimosabè" single by Angus Stone (as Dope Lemon).

References

Lone Ranger
Catchphrases
Quotations from radio
Quotations from television
1930s neologisms


Sveti Lenart (; ) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Name
The name of the settlement was changed from Sveti Lenart na Rebri (literally, 'Saint Leonard on the slope') to Lenart na Rebri (literally, 'Leonard on the slope') in 1955. The name was changed on the basis of the 1948 Law on Names of Settlements and Designations of Squares, Streets, and Buildings as part of efforts by Slovenia's postwar communist government to remove religious elements from toponyms. The name Sveti Lenart was restored in 1994. In the past the German name was Sankt Leonhard.

Church

The local church is dedicated to Saint Leonard and stands isolated above the village. It was first mentioned in 1499, but was extensively rebuilt at various stages, most recently in the 19th century.

References

External links

Sveti Lenart on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem


Red Hanrahan may refer to:

In fiction/literature:
Owen Red Hanrahan, an Irish schoolmaster/poet who figures in several poems and short stories by William Butler Yeats
Peter Red Hanrahan, a fictional character in Anne McCaffrey's Dragonsdawn novel


Alexander Hanchett Smith (December 12, 1904 – December 12, 1986) was an American mycologist known for his extensive contributions to the taxonomy and phylogeny of the higher fungi, especially the agarics.

Early life
Smith, born in Crandon, Wisconsin, was the second child of Ruth M. and Edward A. Schmidt, who later changed their name to Smith. After the death of his mother in his teens, Smith and family moved to West De Pere, Wisconsin, to live with their paternal grandparents.

Education

Smith graduated from high school in West De Pere in 1923. A year later, he entered Lawrence College in Appleton, Wisconsin, where he received a B.A. degree in 1928. He applied for a fellowship at the University of Michigan and began graduate studies in botany in the fall of 1928 with the eminent mycologist Calvin H. Kauffman as his advisor. Kauffman died before Smith completed his degree, so he continued his studies under professor Edwin Butterworth Mains, eventually earning his M.A. in 1929 and his Ph.D. in 1933. His doctoral dissertation was entitled "Investigations of Two-spored Forms in the Genus Mycena", which was later published as a journal article.

Career
In 1934 he was appointed assistant curator at the University of Michigan Herbarium, where he was to spend his entire professional career. He was appointed director of the Herbarium in 1959 and served in that capacity until 1972. In 1968, he served as deputy director of the Biological Station. Smith married fellow graduate student Helen Vendler Smith, who received her Ph.D. in botany at the University of Michigan. They would work together later, she co-authoring and illustrating some of his publications.

Helen and Alexander Smith's daughter, Nancy Smith Weber, born in 1943, would accompany her parents on mycological expeditions and forays. Following in her parents' footsteps, she also completed a doctorate at the University of Michigan in mycology and worked as a mycologist.

Smith was president of the Mycological Society of America, and from 1945 to 1950 served as editor of the scientific journal Mycologia in 1950. He was president of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, the Michigan Academy (1966–67), the Michigan Botanical Club, the Torrey Botanical Club, and the Research Club of the University of Michigan in 1974–75.

Smith taught formal courses at the university in Ann Arbor in addition to summer field courses at the University of Michigan Biological Station at Douglas Lake, Michigan. Additionally, he supervised nine Ph.D. graduate students, some of whom, such as Harry D. Thiers and Orson K. Miller, would become recognized mycologists in their own right.

During the course of 57 years of field work, Smith accumulated over 100,000 collections of fungal samples, and an extensive library of photographs. Today these are located in the University of Michigan Herbarium.

High standards
Smith maintained high scientific standards in his publications; he once wrote I personally feel that as mycologists we can never arrive at truly accurate generic concepts and correct names for them unless the pertinent facts are accurately stated. It is next to impossible to avoid bias in taxonomic work, but information should be "slanted" as little as possible. Other contemporary authors that did not meet these standards would often suffer censure by Smith in book reviews or articles. For example, in a book review about a then-recent publication on wood-decay fungi, he wrote:
In a work of this type the author should have recognized his duty to give his readers and users the best of modern classifications and nomenclature. In this respect he failed completely. ...The agaric part of the work is full of contradictions based on the author's failure to consider work of the last 30 years." Later he writes Perhaps the best that can be said for the work editorially is that fortunately there is very little introductory material to confuse the reader."

In another article, commenting about "the current low degree of accuracy developing in the literature on hallucinogenic mushrooms generally", Smith pointed out numerous errors in two current publications, such as ambiguously written text, mistakes in citations, lack of scientific rigor in presenting arguments, unreliability of data due to inadequate sampling procedures, and inadequate searches of available literature. Smith would soon collaborate with one of these authors in a publication the next year.

Publications

Smith published nearly 200 articles and books about fungi, including many books as monographs or various genera of higher fungi. He also wrote for the casual mushroom enthusiast; in particular, his field guide The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide garnered several excellent reviews and sold over 100,000 copies.

Popular books

Common Edible and Poisonous Mushrooms of Southeastern Michigan. (1938)
Mushrooms in Their Natural Habitats. (1950?)
Puffballs and Their Allies in Michigan. (1951)
The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. (1958, 1963)
Keys to Genera of Higher Fungi. (1964, with R.L. Shaffer)
How to Know the Non-Gilled Fleshy Fungi. (1973, 1981, with Helen and Nancy Smith)
A Field Guide to Western Mushrooms. (1975)
How to Know the Gilled Fungi. (1979, with Helen and Nancy Smith)
The Veiled Species of Hebeloma in the Western United States. (1984. with Vera Stucky Evenson and Duane H. Mitchel)
A Field Guide to Southern Mushrooms. (1985, with Helen Smith)

Monographs
North American Species of Mycena. (1947)
North American Species of Hygrophorus. (1963, with L.R. Hesler)
A Monograph on the Genus Galerina Earle. (1964, with R. Singer)
Contribution Toward a Monograph of North American Species of Suillus. (1964, with H.D. Thiers)
North American Species of Crepidotus. (1965, with Hesler)
The North American Species of Pholiota. (1968, with Hesler)
The Boletes of Michigan. (1971, with H.D. Thiers)
The North American Species of Psathyrella. (1972)
North American Species of Lactarius. (1979, with Hesler)
The Veiled Species of Hebeloma in the Western United States. (1985, with V.S. Evenson and D. H. Mitchel)

Selected journal articles

Honors and awards

Several fungal taxa have been named in honor of Smith, including: Smithiogaster Wright; Smithiomyces Singer; Agaricus smithii Kerrigan; Agrocybe smithii; Alpova alexsmithii Trappe (now Rhizopogon alexsmithii); Amanita smithiana Bas; Boletopsis smithii K.A.Harrison; Boletus smithii Thiers; and Astraeus smithii.

1967 – North American Mycological Association award for contributions to amateur mycology
1969 – Certificate of Merit – Botanical Society of America
1982 – "Distinguished Mycologist" – Mycological Society of America

References

External links
University of Michigan Herbarium

American mycologists
People from Crandon, Wisconsin
Torrey Botanical Society members
1904 births
1986 deaths
American people of German descent
University of Michigan alumni
People from De Pere, Wisconsin


Rahul Dholakia is an Indian film director-producer-screenwriter, most known for his National Film Award-winning film, Parzania   (Heaven & Hell On Earth) (2005), prior to which he also made documentaries like Teenage Parents and New York Taxi Drivers.

Early life and education
Born in Mumbai, to Raksha and Parry Dholakia, an advertising professional, Rahul also has an elder sister Moha. After completing his schooling from Campion School, Mumbai and Jamnabai Narsee School in Mumbai, he went on to do his Bachelors in Science from St. Xavier's College, Mumbai. He is an Indian.

Career
While still in college he started working in his father's advertising agency, Mora Ava. He also worked with producer Babla Sen, for project for Channel 4, London, as production assistant and 10 documentaries later became a producer himself. Later, he started working with Everest Advertising in Mumbai as an assistant, growing up to become a producer.

Thereafter, he moved to New York City in 1990, where, he did his master's degree in filmmaking from the New York Institute of Technology, and has been in India and Corona, California, United States ever since. After making a couple of documentaries and commercials, and even running TV station, called 'TV Asia' for a while,<ref>Parzania director: 2006's National award winner Rediff.com, 30 August 2006.</ref> he made his feature film debut with the Hindi-English bilingual, Kehtaa Hai Dil Baar Baar (2002), starring Paresh Rawal and Jimmy Shergill. His next film based on a real-life story of 10-year-old Parsi boy, Azhar Mody, known as Parzan, who disappeared during the 28 February 2002 Gulbarg Society massacre, which took place during communal riots in Gujarat in 2002, Parzania won him the National Film Award for 2006.

After shooting in Kashmir, his next film Lamhaa, where Sanjay Dutt and Bipasha Basu played the leads in a story based in Kashmir, was released to mixed reviews.
he has directed the film Raees, which was released on 25 January 2017 and received positive reviews. his upcoming film Agni'' is set to released on 2024

Filmography

Awards and honours

References

External links

 http://www.rahuldholakia.com/

 Rahul Dholakia at Allmovie.

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
St. Xavier's College, Mumbai alumni
21st-century Indian film directors
Film producers from Mumbai
Indian male screenwriters
Hindi-language film directors
Indian documentary filmmakers
Best Director National Film Award winners
Film directors from Mumbai
New York Institute of Technology alumni
Gujarati people


The Senegambian languages, traditionally known as the Northern West Atlantic, or in more recent literature sometimes confusingly as the Atlantic languages, are a branch of Atlantic–Congo languages centered on Senegal, with most languages spoken there and in neighboring southern Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, and Guinea. The transhumant Fula, however, have spread with their languages from Senegal across the western and central Sahel. The most populous unitary language is Wolof, the national language of Senegal, with four million native speakers and millions more second-language users. There are perhaps 13 million speakers of the various varieties of Fula, and over a million speakers of Serer. The most prominent feature of the Senegambian languages is that they are devoid of tone, unlike the vast majority of Atlantic-Congo languages.

Classification
David Sapir (1971) proposed a West Atlantic branch of the Niger–Congo languages that included a Northern branch largely synonymous with Senegambian. However, Sapir's West Atlantic and its branches turned out to be geographic and typological rather than genealogical groups. The only investigation since then, Segerer & Pozdniakov (2010, 2017), removed the Southern Atlantic languages. The remaining (Northern or Senegambian) languages are characterized by a lack of tone. The Serer–Fulani–Wolof branch is characterized by consonant mutation.

Serer and Fula share noun-class suffixes.

The inclusion of the poorly attested Nalu languages is uncertain.

Several classifications, including the one used by Ethnologue 20, show Fula as being more closely related to Wolof than it is to Serer, due to a copy error in the literature.

The Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology classifies the Senegambian languages under the name North-Central Atlantic in its Glottolog database.

Consonant mutation
The Senegambian languages are well known for their consonant mutation, a phenomenon in which the initial consonant of a word changes depending on its morphological and/or syntactic environment. In Fula, for example, the initial consonant of many nouns changes depending on whether it is singular or plural:

{|
| pul-lo || "Fulani person" || ful-ɓe || "Fulani people"
|-
| guj-jo || "thief" || wuy-ɓe || "thieves"
|}

Noun classes
The West Atlantic languages are defined by their noun-class systems, which are similar to those found in other Niger–Congo languages, most famously the Bantu languages. Most West Atlantic, and indeed Niger–Congo, noun-class systems are marked with prefixes, and linguists generally believe that this reflects the proto-Niger–Congo system. The languages of the Fula–Serer branch of Senegambian, however, have noun-class suffixes or combinations of prefixes and suffixes. Joseph Greenberg argued that the suffixed forms arose from independent postposed determiners that agreed with the noun class:

CL-Noun CL-Det → CL-Noun-CL → Noun-CL

Comparative vocabulary
Comparison of basic vocabulary words of the Senegambian languages:

References

Sapir, David. 1971. "West Atlantic: An Inventory of the Languages, Their Noun-class Systems and Consonant Alternation". In Sebeok, ed, Current Trends in Linguistics, 7: Linguistics in Sub-Saharan Africa., 45–112. Mouton.
Pozdniakov, Konstantin & Segerer, Guillaume (2017). "A Genealogical classification of Atlantic languages." (Draft) To appear in: Lüpke, Friederike (ed.) The Oxford guide to the Atlantic languages of West Africa: Oxford:Oxford University Press.
 Pozdniakov, Konstantin. 2022. Proto-Fula–Sereer: Lexicon, morphophonology, and noun classes. (Niger-Congo Comparative Studies 3). Berlin: Language Science Press. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5820515 . https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/325. Open Access.

Atlantic languages


Iliff David "Rich" Richardson (April 9, 1918 – October 10, 2001) was simultaneously a US Navy ensign and a US Army major while fighting with the Philippine resistance against Japan during World War II.  He recounted his exploits to author Ira Wolfert, who published them in the book American Guerrilla in the Philippines in 1945. A character based on Richardson was played by Tyrone Power in the 1950 film of the same name.

Biography

Early life
Richardson was the only surviving child of Methodist Minister Royal Richardson, who died when Iliff was three years old.  His mother Velma Weston Richardson taught Latin and music and raised Iliff in a variety of Colorado towns and her father's Nebraska ranch, located northwest of Springview, Nebraska.  After his death, the Richardsons went to live in Los Angeles.

Iliff studied at Compton Junior College, then travelled through Europe, the Near and Middle East, returning to the US before the fall of France in World War II.

Wartime career
In 1940, he was commissioned an ensign in the US Navy and was posted to the USS Bittern, a minesweeper in the Philippines.  He later transferred to Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron Three, commanded by John D. Bulkeley.  Richardson was the executive officer of PT 34, under Bob Kelly.

PT-34 and PT-41 attacked the Japanese cruiser Kuma one night and then separated, PT-34 making its way back to Cebu City, where it was strafed by Japanese planes, setting it on fire.  He then helped burn the town just before the Japanese arrived.  Richardson then served with the US Army, setting off demolition charges in Cebu City.   When the Japanese captured General Chynoweth's headquarters, Richardson headed to Leyte, making it to Tacloban, and the headquarters of Col. Cornell.  Making his way to Mindanao, he learned the Japanese had already taken Del Monte Airfield, so he returned to Leyte with 11 other Americans.  With 400 pesos out of the 2000 the colonel gave him, Richardson purchased a single-masted banca and sail.

Richardson and 11 other Americans, all Air Corps but two, attempted to sail the native outrigger to Australia against the summer southwest monsoon, but the boat was sunk by a storm on 18 May after only traveling 200 miles. Richardson and Pierson swam 8 miles to shore in 19 hours, where his men and he were rescued by Filipinos from a fishing village.

The summer of 1942 was quiet for Richardson and the other Americans on Mindanao until September, when armed resistance against the Japanese started in Balingasag, Misamis Oriental.  Richardson headed for Malitbog, the next year, hoping to see his girlfriend "Curly".  Col. Morgan was there, working with Col. Wendell Fertig, to unify and organize the guerrillas before General MacArthur would recognize them.

Richardson eventually joined the Philippine guerrilla forces of Ruperto Kangleon, and offered to establish contact with Col. Fertig on Mindanao.  Richardson was successful in meeting Col. McLish's band of guerrillas, including many Americans such as Ed Dyess.  McLish led Richardson to Fertig, in Misamis Occidental, where Richardson delivered Kangleon's letter.  While there, Richardson met Chick Parsons and agreed to set up radio stations around Leyte and Samar, and provide intelligence on Japanese ship movements.  Richardson rejoined Kangleon on 16 Aug., and became his chief of staff.  He also quickly re-established the telegraph system for immediate communication of intelligence.  Kangleon then moved his headquarters from Maasin to Don Lorenzo's Casa in Malitbog.

Richardson was a former ham radio operator.  He set up a radio station on Leyte, manned by Joseph St. John and Chapman, and a radio station on Samar, manned by Truman Heminway. In November 1943, under orders from Col. Fertig, Kangleon, Richardson, and other guerrilla leaders were in Mindanao to coordinate activities, and meet the submarine USS Narwhal delivering American aid.  By Christmas 1943, Richardson had a master radio set operating to communicate with Mindanao.  However, by then the Japanese had made the Casa, in Malitbog, their headquarters for southern Leyte.

On February 1, 1944, Kangleon's forces went on the offensive, which included attacks on Japanese garrisons at Anahawan and Linoan, forcing the Japanese to not venture away from the coastal towns of southern Leyte.  Richardson then assisted in the establishment of a weather station, manned by two submarine arrivals, including the son of Walter S. Gamertsfelder.  Next, Richardson established a radio station on Samar and plotted the Surigao Strait mine field from Homonhon Island.  By September 12, Richardson was operating a radio station near Balangiga, Eastern Samar.

Richardson was picked up by a US destroyer during the Battle of Leyte, and transferred to the USS Nashville, where he met General MacArthur and General Kenney.  For his work, Richardson was made a US Army Intelligence major by General Douglas MacArthur, holding commissions in the army and navy simultaneously. He is the only person to receive consecutive medals in both the Army and the Navy.

When attempting to get his back pay, Richardson was told by a naval pay clerk that he was dead.  After receiving his pay,  Richardson was incorrectly thought to be drawing pay from both the Army and Navy. Richardson was given notices of four courts-martial in as many days.  After telling Admiral Ernest King and others of his experiences, all charges were dropped and King personally apologized to him.

Richardson was promoted to full lieutenant and made speeches across the United States.

Memoirs
After the liberation of the Philippines, Richardson transcribed his memoirs to Pulitzer Prize-winning war correspondent and author Ira Wolfert of the North American Newspaper Alliance. Wolfert turned it into a book, An American Guerrilla in the Philippines, which became both a Book-of-the-Month Club selection and a condensed book in the March 1945 Reader's Digest. Darryl F. Zanuck of 20th Century Fox bought the film rights and had Lamar Trotti write a screenplay by August 1945. The end of the war led Zanuck to shelve all films with a World War II theme. It was eventually made five years after the end of the war. The name of the central character was changed to "Chuck Palmer" and he was given a fictional love-interest for dramatic purposes, but based on Richardson's girlfriend "Curly".

Postwar career
Following the war, Richardson married Coma Noel and lived in Houston, Texas, where he worked as a business executive, life insurance salesman, and a consultant, as well as acting as technical advisor for several Hollywood films.

Richardson also attempted to manufacture and sell a single-shot slamfire "Philippine Guerrilla Gun" shotgun through his Richardson Industries in New Haven, Connecticut, that he set up in 1946.  With a wide variety of shotguns brought back from Europe and American-manufactured weapons, it did not sell very well. Thomas F. Swearingen noted in his book World's Fighting Shotguns, "The American market would not tolerate such a primitive firearm, even as a curio."

Many years later, Richardson told a meeting of Eagle Scouts that he learned how to live as a guerrilla through his days in Los Angeles Boy Scout Troop 92.

See also
 List of American guerrillas in the Philippines
Iliff David Richardson - Obituary in Los Angeles Times, 2001-Oct-23

References

1918 births
2001 deaths
United States Army officers
United States Navy officers
United States Army personnel of World War II
United States Navy personnel of World War II
American guerrillas of World War II
Recipients of the Silver Star
United States Army personnel who were court-martialed
United States Navy personnel who were court-martialed


The anime series Witch Hunter Robin featured an extensive cast of fictional characters designed by Kumiko Takahashi. The series takes place on a fictional modern-day Earth where the Solomon organization fights the harmful use of witchcraft using a database of witches, those who have obtained the power of witchcraft through genetics, and those who carry the gene called "seeds"  in order to arrest them or to employ Hunters, people who hunt witches, should their powers "awaken".

The series' titular  character is Robin Sena, a soft-spoken 15-year-old Hunter and witch with pyrokinetic abilities. She is sent to Solomon's Japanese branch, the STN-J. There she meets five other Hunters: Amon, Haruto Sakaki, Michael Lee, Miho Karasuma and Yurika Dōjima. The antagonists include Takuma Zaizen, administrator of the STN-J. As the series progresses, Robin's witch power strengthens and she is hunted by the Solomon organization.

Main characters

Robin Sena
 is a soft-spoken 15-year-old Hunter and craft-user with pyrokinetic abilities. She was raised in a convent in Italy-(where she was taught how to use and control her craft in hunting down Witches) before she was sent to the STN-J to gather information for the Solomon administration; even though she was born in Japan, she had moved to Tuscany when she was still very young. Her witch powers allow her to channel her energy into shields capable of blocking solid matter and crafts, magical powers. However, any use of her power temporarily weakens her eyesight, greatly reducing her accuracy and effectiveness. This problem is solved when she begins to wear glasses. Although she is good-natured, Robin employs her gift with lethal force when necessary to save a life or for the good of others. As the series progresses, her powers increase rapidly until she is labeled dangerous by Solomon and is ordered to be hunted as a witch. It is discovered that Robin is a "Designer Witch" and was created through "Project Robin", a genetic engineering project. Her mother, Maria, had agreed to genetic manipulation and called the unborn Robin "Hope." Robin was designed to give birth to witch kind, what was once called "divinities" in ancient history. Robin was given thousands of years witch kind's memories, the origin of "craft". This enables her to understand the sadness arising from the conflict between humans and witches, in turn allowing her to find a way for humans and witches to peacefully coexist. Amon volunteers to be a watchman who will terminate her if she becomes destructive. She accepts this. After the collapse of the Factory, her fate is unknown. The reactions of the other characters show that she is believed to be alive, but is said to be dead for her own safety. However, after the ending credits it shows that a new hunter arrived at the STN-J, which is actually not a new hunter but Robin herself.

Amon
 is a cold and serious 25-year-old S-class Hunter. He is asked by Zaizen to watch over Robin and he reluctantly does so. After seeing her worth in dealing with highly prominent witches, he accepts her. After an attack on the STN-J headquarters, he is no longer seen working under Zaizen and instead works for the Solomon headquarters. When he is ordered to kill Robin, Amon finds he cannot. Amon's father was a seed and his mother was a witch, indicating he carries the dormant witch trait. He fears the awakening of the gene. His fear and hatred of witches stems from the awakening of his mother as a witch, who no longer recognized him afterward. When Robin accepts her role as the one who will find a way for humans and witches to peacefully coexist, Amon volunteers to be a watchman who will terminate her if she becomes destructive. After the collapse of the Factory, his ultimate fate is unknown. However, the reactions of the other characters show that he is believed to be alive, but is said to be dead for his own safety; it's been strongly implied that Amon harbors romantic feelings for Robin.

Haruto Sakaki
 is an 18-year-old Hunter. Haruto is supportive, but brash, slightly hot-tempered, and ambitious, often rushing into danger during hunts, producing regrettable results. He is the STN-J's newest member, after Robin, and is initially afraid of being replaced when she arrives. Despite this, he welcomes her. Although his exact condition is unknown, it is suggested he is an unawakened seed when he is hunted by Zaizen. At the series' conclusion, Sakaki is confirmed to be alive and still hunting witches.

Michael Lee
 is the STN-J's hacker and technical support expert, he's also the only member who doesn't go on hunts. When Zaizen caught him hacking into the STN-J computer network, Michael is given the option of working for the STN-J or being killed. Michael opted for the former and is confined to the STN-J headquarters building at all times, unable to leave the building's headquarters without the boss' permission. He is a skilled hacker and is able to locate extensive information, including witch profiles, police reports, without leaving a trace. Other characters do not maintain a relationship with him, save for a business-like relationship, and do not often interact with him. Michael, in turn, does not interact with them and avoids Robin. However, he begins to develop a relationship when she stays in the office at night to accompany him. At the series' conclusion, he is finally given permission to leave STN-J headquarters.

Miho Karasuma
 is a 19-year-old hunter and craft-user. Her craft, psychometry, allows her to touch an object and read the strong emotions and thoughts a person had while holding it. Sometimes, she is able to see past events that happened to or around an item or place. Because of this, she is able to relay useful information while investigating a crime scene or examining evidence. She gives Robin advice on how to improve her control over her power and acts like a mentor. Despite her young age, Karasuma acts like a professional and is determined to get things done. At the series' conclusion, she replaces Amon as team leader and works hard to hunt down witches.

Yurika Dojima
 is portrayed as carefree, lazy, vain and immature; she would sooner go shopping than go on a mission. She is consistently late for work and rarely does anything around the office. When she does do work, she does as little as possible and leaves as soon as she is finished. She tells Robin that her parents have authority over the STN-J and had the STN-J act as her "caretakers". Dōjima does not warm up to Robin at first, mockingly calling her "Amon's Girl", but towards the end of the series she begins to take a liking for Robin, calling her "Little Robin". As the series progresses, she begins take more responsibility for her work and proves she has more insight and perception of her surroundings than originally presumed. She is revealed to be a Solomon intelligence operative, sent to the STN-J to uncover information about the Orbo. At the series' conclusion, she begins to take the task of hunting witches seriously.

Antagonists

Takuma Zaizen
 is the administrator of the STN-J and the Factory and Tōko's father. He sends captured witches to the Factory to transform their blood into the Orbo, a substance the STN-J Hunters use to stop witches; halfway towards the ends of the series, he's revealed to be the hidden main antagonist. Zaizen is incinerated by Robin while he is escaping from an unsuccessful attempt on her life.

Other characters

Shintaro Kosaka
 is a short-tempered man working directly under Zaizen. He updates Zaizen on the organization's progress as well as other related information. He is usually seen criticizing the employees while they are investigating a case or not doing work when he thinks they should. He constantly yells and scolds them, and he mostly fusses over his secretary  and Dōjima. Although he may be an annoyance to the rest of the Hunters, he shows some concern for them. Originally a member of the city police force, he possesses connections the hunters use when the STN-J are unavailable. At the series' conclusion, he is the STN-J's new administrator.

Shohei Hattori
 is the secretary to Shintarō Kosaka.

Master
, commonly called  is the calm and polite proprietor of "Harry's", a cafe frequented by Robin and the rest of the series' main cast. His son, Yukata, is a witch and it is hinted that Master has "awakened" as well. He usually provides the Hunters with information that he manages to pick up from his customers. He takes a special interest in Robin, looking out for her and preparing food for her when she cannot come to the bar. Near the series' conclusion, he empathizes with her troubles and welcomes her "home."

Toko Masaki
 is Robin's roommate, and also Zaizen's daughter. She takes care of Robin until the raid at STN-J, and expresses interest in Robin by asking her several questions. She appears to have had a relationship with Amon, but he eventually decides to end the relationship. In the middle of the series, a group of assassins tie her up, duct tape her mouth shut, and use her as bait during an assassination attempt on Robin in her apartment. During the ensuing gun battle, she is shot in the back and critically injured. After the gun battle, Zaizen kicks Amon repeatedly, saying "your failure lead to this", suggesting Zaizen is the one who planned the attack, using his own daughter as bait. Others tell Robin that Toko's "physically recovered but the rest is mental", suggesting that Toko is having difficulty accepting what happened; after her physical recovery, she's currently staying at a sanatorium. When her father visits her at the hospital, she tells him to leave Amon alone. Because her parents are divorced, she and her father have different last names-(implying that she took her mother's last name upon their divorce).

Shunji Nagira
 is an attorney and is Amon's older half-brother by the same father. He takes Robin in after she leaves STN-J, and he runs a private office with two assistants. He has Robin act as a bike messenger, partly because he does not believe the government is correct in persecuting witches. Throughout whole episodes, Nagira does not do anything but investigate. He gathers information in the streets by means of a man he meets in a pachinko bar as well as a witch in Wall City. Personality-wise, he appears to be the opposite of his brother, as he is talkative, goofy, occasionally lazy, and tends to do things his way.

Grand Inquisitor Cortion
Grand Inquisitor Cortion is an Inquisitor sent from Solomon to perform an inquisition on the craft-user Shiro Masudo in the episode "The Eyes of Truth." Karasuma explains to Sakaki that Solomon uses a human Inquisitor to make the final decision whether a craft-user/witch can be a hunter or not. Amon and Robin escort Cortion to the church he will be staying, and a discussion between the Inquisitor and Robin reveals that he performed Robin's Inquisition. As Cortion is leaving to return to HQ after the Inquisition, he tells Robin they will probably never meet again and alludes to the fact that she has awakened to "the pleasure of using her craft."

Father Juliano Colegui
Father Juliano Colegui is a Roman Catholic priest and Robin's former guardian, he is also her maternal grandfather who raised her from birth. In the beginning of the series, Robin mentions that his powers have diminished, suggesting that he was once a craft user for Solomon, although it is never stated what his specific craft was. Since he and Robin are related, its probable that he was a fire craft user like Robin. He visits Robin in the latter part of the series to inform her about the events surrounding her past. During the times Robin stays with Nagira, he is the one who asks Amon to hunt Robin, for fear that she wouldn't be able to control her powers as they grew stronger. Later, in "Redemption Day" he confronts Robin himself, and sees that she has not changed, nor turned into the monster he feared her to be. He asks her forgiveness and blesses her, giving her the information taken from Todo's journal that will help her choose her path, and entrusts her to her own destiny, knowing she will choose the right actions.

Hiroshi Todo
Hiroshi Todo is Robin's "father", the brilliant scientist who designed her genes and artificially inseminated her within Maria. He researched a new project to repair the conflicts between humans and witches, however all evidence of his research was destroyed by Solomon because of the potential danger it contained, although it was far too late as the project had already reached its final stages. He entrusted Juliano with Robin's care, after Maria's death, gambling that Juliano would let her live. In the last episode, a recording of him is displayed on a computer in The Factory, explaining everything about his project, Robin's origins and potential, and the origins of Solomon's fear of witches (much to Zaizan's dismay).

Maria Colegui
Maria Colegui is the daughter of Father Juliano and is also Robin's mother, although not by a standard means of birth. She passed her power of pyrokinesis to Robin, stating that Robin is the "Hope" for the future of the well-being of all witches, as well as the key to solving the struggle of acceptance between witches and humans. After giving birth to Robin, Maria died.

References

External links
 Bandai Visual's official Witch Hunter Robin website

Witch Hunter Robin
Fictional witch hunters


First Comics is an American comic book company.

Titles

0–9

A
Alter Ego (4 issues)
American Flagg! (50 issues, plus special, then 12 issue series)
Alien Bones (graphic novel, 2019)

B
Badger (70 issues, plus a 4 issue limited series and two graphic novels)
Beowulf (graphic novel, 1984)
Betty Boop's Big Break (graphic novel, 1990)

C
Corum (Michael Moorcock adaptation):
The Chronicles of Corum (12 issues, 1987-1988)
The Bull and the Spear (4 issues, 1989)
Classics Illustrated (27 issues, 1990–1991)
Crossroads (5 issues, 1988)

D
Dreadstar (from Epic Comics, 38 issues, 1986–1991)
Dynamo Joe (15 issues, plus 1 special, 1986–1988)

E
Elric (Michael Moorcock adaptation):
Sailor on the Seas of Fate (7 issues, 1985-1986)
Elric of Melnibone (1 issue, 1986)
Weird of the White Wolf (5 issues, 1986-1987)
The Vanishing Tower (6 issues, 1987-1988)
The Bane of the Black Sword (6 issues, 1988)
E-Man (from Charlton Comics, 25 issues then goes to Comico)
The Enchanted Apples of Oz (graphic novel, 1987)
Evangeline (from Comico, 12 issues, 1987–1989)

F
First Adventures (5 issues, anthology series featuring Whisper, Blaze Barlow, and Dynamo Joe)
The Forgotten Forest of Oz (graphic novel, 1988)

G
The Gift (one-shot)
Grimjack (81 issues, plus a limited series and a graphic novel)
Ghostbusters (4 issues, based on the Filmation series)

H
Hammer of God: Sword of Justice (2 issue mini-series, tie-in with Nexus)
Hawkmoon (Michael Moorcock adaptation):
The Jewel in the Skull (4 issue mini-series, 1986)
The Mad God's Amulet (4 issue mini-series, 1987)
The Sword of Dawn (4 issue mini-series, 1987)
The Runestaff (4 issue mini-series, 1988)

I
Inspector Oh (regular series, 2016)
The Ice King of Oz (graphic novel, 1987)

J
Jon Sable, Freelance (56 issues, 1983–1988)
Mike Grell's Sable (10 issues, 1990, reprinting John Sable, Freelance)

K

L
Lone Wolf and Cub (45 issues)
Love Town (regular series, 2018)

M
Mars (12 issues)
Mazinger (graphic novel)
Meta-4 (3 issues)
Munden's Bar (2 specials)

N
Nexus (80 issues, plus several limited series)

O
Original E-Man & Michael Mauser (7 issues)

P
The P.I.s: Michael Mauser & Ms. Tree (3 issues, 1985)
Psychoblast (9 issues, 1987–1988)

Q

R

S
Sable (27 issues)
The Secret Island of Oz (graphic novel, 1987)
Sensei (4 issues)
Serving Supes (ongoing)
Shatter (14 issues, plus a special)
Starslayer (from Pacific Comics, 28 issues)
Squalor (4 issues)

T
Team Yankee (6 issues, followed by graphic novel)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (4 graphic novels)
Time Beavers (graphic novel)
Time² (two graphic novels)
Twilight Man (4 issues)

U

V

W
Warp (19 issues, plus 3 specials)
Whisper (37 issues, plus a special)
Witch Finder General (6 issue mini-series)

X

Y

Z
Zen: Hard Bounty (6 issues)
Zen: Home (one-shot)
Zero Tolerance (4 issues)

References

First Comics at the Big Comic Book DataBase

First Comics


Let 'Em Bleed: The Mixxtape, Vol. 3 is a mixtape by DJ Clay. Released in 2008, it is the third installment of a three-per-year series of mixtapes which contain brand new and remixed songs from artists from the Psychopathic Records and Hatchet House roster. The song "Can't Hold Me Back '08" was created in honor of the 20th anniversary of the original Awesome Dre version, and features some of the biggest Detroit rappers of then and now.

Track listing

Chart positions

References

2008 mixtape albums
Hatchet House compilation albums
Sequel albums


Paul Kornfeld (born 1987) is an American college swimming champion who, while attending Stanford University, won the 2008 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championship in the 100 yard  and the 200 yard breaststroke.

Born in Houston, he has also been named the Pacific-10 Conference swimmer of the year.

See also
World record progression 4 × 100 metres medley relay

References

External links
Paul Kornfeld statistics at GoStanford.com, the Official Website for the Stanford Cardinal

American male swimmers
Living people
1987 births
Sportspeople from Houston
Stanford Cardinal men's swimmers
World record setters in swimming


Paul Kornfeld (11 December 1889 – 25 April 1942) was a Prague-born German-language Jewish writer whose expressionist plays and scholarly treatises on the theory of drama earned him a specialized niche in influencing contemporary intellectual discourse.

Writing career before and after World War I
Paul Kornfeld came to adulthood in the city of his birth which, as the capital of Bohemia was, at the time, a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and a major center of culture and learning.  In 1913, at the age of 23, he formulated a thesis elucidating his philosophy of dramaturgy, Der beseelte und der psychologische Mensch [The Spiritual and the Psychological Person, also translated as The Inspired and the Psychological Being] and wrote the first draft of his most-renowned play, Die Verführung [The Seduction].  His circle of young friends and compatriots included some of the most renowned German-speaking Jewish literary figures of the era, Oskar Baum, Max Brod, Rudolf Fuchs, Willy Haas, Franz Janowitz, Franz Kafka,  Egon Erwin Kisch, Otto Pick, Hermann Ungar, Johannes Urzidil and Franz Werfel.

In 1916, amidst the chaos of World War I and, with the ultimate birth of the future republic of Czechoslovakia only two years away, Kornfeld moved from Prague to Berlin where, during the Weimar period, he was to experience his most intense period of creativity.  In 1918, during the final months of the war, he published a revised version of his thesis and oversaw the first production of Die Verführung.  An expressionist work, which put forth abstract and revisionist ideas, it attempted to encapsulate the universality of human aspiration. Character development and plot details were eschewed in favor of an atmosphere of hopeless inability to cope, which defeated the play's tragic protagonist.  A subsequent expressionist drama, Himmel und Holle [Heaven and Hell] presented even more abstract ideas, but in a vein that was, to a greater degree, lyrical and ecstatic.

Kornfeld also wrote satirical comedies which did not utilize expressionism and showed him in possession of a highly developed sense of humor. Der ewige Traum [The Eternal Dream] (1922), which held up a jaundiced mirror to reflect upon monogamous and polygamous relationships, Palme, oder Der Gekränkte [Palme, or The Offended One] (1924), which spotlighted a character of comically extreme sensitivity and Kilian, oder Die gelbe Rose [Kilian, or The Yellow Rose] (1926), all enjoyed audience approval as did his collaboration with Max Reinhardt on a 1925 Berlin theatrical production.  Written in 1929 and staged in 1930, his final Berlin play, Jud Süß [Suss, the Jew, generally known under its literal translation, Jew Suss], presented a highly nuanced and objective portrayal of the controversial 18th century Jewish financier Joseph Süß Oppenheimer whose story had already been depicted a century earlier in Wilhelm Hauff's 1827 novella and, again, only four years before his own work, in Lion Feuchtwanger's 1925 historical novel.  Within a decade, it also became the subject of a 1934 British film starring Conrad Veidt, and a notorious 1940 German antisemitic propaganda film with Ferdinand Marian in the title role.

Hitler era and death
Hitler's coming to power in 1933 put an end to Kornfeld's Berlin odyssey and forced him back to Prague, no longer a gathering hub of German-language culture but, since October 1918, the capital of the new republic of Czechoslovakia.  His subsequent literary output greatly decreased and he began work on what turned out to be his only novel, Blanche oder Das Atelier im Garten [Blanche or The Studio in the Garden], which was not published until 1957, fifteen years after its author's death.  Shortly after completing it in 1941, he was taken into custody by the German authorities administering occupied Prague and transported to Ghetto Litzmannstadt, the name given during the German occupation to a section of Łódź, Poland's then-second-largest city.  Between 1939 and 1944, over 200,000 Jews and a small number of Romani passed through the ghetto, an area of 4 sq. kilometers, of which only 2.4 kilometers were developed and habitable.  Fuel supplies were extremely limited, and the inhabitants burned whatever they could to survive the harsh winter. Some 18,000 died during a famine in 1942, one of them Paul Kornfeld. He was 52 years old.

Through the passing decades, his literary output has remained, for the most part, neglected, although a critical edition, Paul Kornfeld: Revolution mit Flötenmusik und andere kritische Prosa [Paul Kornfeld: Revolution with Flute Music and Other Critical Prose], was issued in 1977.

Sources
Johnston, William M. (1972). The Austrian Mind  An Intellectual and Social History 1848–1938. University of California Press.
Drain, Richard (1995). Twentieth-century Theatre: A Sourcebook. Routledge ,  [includes an excerpt from The Inspired and the Psychological Being]

References

External links
 Paul Kornfeld biographical entry in the Dictionary of Literary Biography
 English-language website of German publisher Schöffling & Co. providing brief digests of positive critical notices engendered by its republication of Paul Kornfeld's novel, Blanche oder Das Atelier im Garten {Blanche or The Studio in the Garden}; a brief biographical paragraph is also included

20th-century Czech dramatists and playwrights
Czech male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century Austrian dramatists and playwrights
German male dramatists and playwrights
Austrian male dramatists and playwrights
Weimar culture
Jewish dramatists and playwrights
Jewish novelists
Czech Jews
People who died in the Łódź Ghetto
Writers from Prague
1889 births
1942 deaths
Czechoslovak civilians killed in World War II
German male novelists
20th-century German novelists
20th-century German dramatists and playwrights
20th-century German male writers
20th-century Austrian male writers


ESPN on ABC
Note: Only includes ESPN announcers who have called at least two ABC games during one season.

Current

2023 Pairings
Chris Fowler or Rece Davis/Kirk Herbstreit/Holly Rowe
Sean McDonough/Greg McElroy/Molly McGrath
Joe Tessitore/Jesse Palmer/Katie George
Bob Wischusen/Robert Griffin III/Kris Budden
Dave Pasch/Dusty Dvoracek/Tom Luginbill
Mark Jones/Louis Riddick/Quint Kessenich
Dave Flemming/Brock Osweiler/Kayla Burton

Play-by-play
Dave Flemming (2013–present)
Chris Fowler (2014–present)
Mark Jones (2006–present)
Sean McDonough (2008–2015, 2018–present)
Beth Mowins (2010–2018, 2020–present)
Dave Pasch (2009–present)
Joe Tessitore (2008, 2011–2012, 2016–2017, 2020–present)
Bob Wischusen (2007–present)

Game Analysts
Dusty Dvoracek (2017–present)
Rod Gilmore (2008–present)
Robert Griffin III (2021–present)
Kirk Herbstreit (2006–present)
Tom Luginbill (2013–present)
Greg McElroy (2016–present)
Kirk Morrison (2020–present)
Brock Osweiler (2022–present)
Louis Riddick (2022–present)
Jesse Palmer (2007, 2012–2016, 2023–present)

Sideline Reporters
Kris Budden (2016–present)
Taylor McGregor (2021–present)
Paul Carcaterra (2014–present)
Katie George (2020–present)
Quint Kessenich (2007–present)
Molly McGrath (2017–present)
Holly Rowe (2006–present)
Lauren Sisler (2019–present)
Stormy Buonantony (2020–present)
Kayla Burton (2023–present)

Studio Hosts
Kevin Negandhi (2017–present)

Studio Analysts
Booger McFarland (2017, 2020–present)
Dan Orlovsky (2023–present)

Former

Play-by-play
Adam Amin (2015–2019)
Allen Bestwick (2016)
Carter Blackburn (2010–2011)
Jason Benetti (2017–2021)
Eric Collins (2006, 2008)
Dan Fouts (2006–2007)
Ron Franklin (2007–2010)
Terry Gannon (2007–2009)
Dave LaMont (2006–2018)
Steve Levy (2016–2019)
Brent Musburger (2006–2016)
Mark Neely (2010–2018)
Brad Nessler (2006–2015)
Mike Patrick (2006–2017)
Gary Thorne (2006–2007)

Game Analysts
Anthony Becht (2016–2018)
Mike Bellotti (2010, 2015–2016)
Ray Bentley (2006–2018)
Rocky Boiman (2015–2018)
Tim Brant (2006–2007)
Ed Cunningham (2007–2016)
Bill Curry (2007)
Bob Davie (2006, 2008, 2011)
David Diaz-Infante (2009, 2013)
Mike Golic (2020)
Mike Golic Jr. (2020–2021)
Bob Griese (2006–2010)
Brian Griese (2009–2010, 2013–2019)
Danny Kanell (2011–2012, 2015)
James Hasty (2007)
Brock Huard (2008–2011, 2015–2018)
Craig James (2009–2011)
Paul Maguire (2006–2008)
Todd McShay (2014–2021)
Urban Meyer (2011)
Matt Millen (2009–2014)
David Norrie (2006–2009)
J. C. Pearson (2010–2011)
Chris Spielman (2007–2015)
Kelly Stouffer (2012, 2015)
Tommy Tuberville (2017)
Andre Ware (2006)
Todd Blackledge (2008–2022)
Dan Orlovsky (2017–2022)

Sideline Reporters
Erin Andrews (2006–2011)
Jack Arute (2006–2008)
Bonnie Bernstein (2006–2007)
Alex Chappell (2016–2018)
Heather Cox (2008–2015)
Stacey Dales (2006, 2008)
Dawn Davenport (2015, 2017–2020 (with SEC Network), 2021)
Olivia Dekker (2015, 2019)
Jeannine Edwards (2007–2014)
Todd Harris (2006–2008)
Dave LaMont (2006)
Jessica Mendoza (2008, 2014)
Samantha Ponder (2011, 2016)
Jerry Punch (2015–2016)
Tom Rinaldi (2014–2020)
Laura Rutledge (2014–2015, 2018–2021)
Lisa Salters (2006–2011)
Joe Schad (2007)
Marty Smith (2015–2016)
Shelley Smith (2009–2013)
Shannon Spake (2013, 2015)
Maria Taylor (2012–2013, 2014–2015 (with SEC Network), 2017–2020)
Vince Welch (2007)
Allison Williams (2015–2020)
Tiffany Blackmon (2022)

Studio Hosts
John Saunders (2006–2015)
Matt Winer (2006–2009)
Robert Flores (2009–2014)
Cassidy Hubbarth (2015–2019)
Stan Verrett (2016)

Studio Analysts
Craig James (2006–2008)
Doug Flutie (2006–2008)
Jesse Palmer (2009–2013)
Mack Brown (2014–2018)
Danny Kanell (2014)
Mark May (2015–2016)
Jonathan Vilma (2018–2019)
Mark Sanchez (2019–2020)

ABC Sports

Note: From 1978 through 1983, ABC broadcast Division I-AA games on select weekends with local sportscasting crews – those are not reflected in this list

Play-by-play

Mel Allen (1960–1961)
Steve Alvarez (1989)
Red Barber (1966)
Gary Bender (1982, 1987–1991)
Larry Birletti (1966, 1968)
Bud Campbell (1968–1970)
Rich Cellini (2001)
Eric Collins (2002–2003)
Dave Diles (1972)
Dan Dierdorf (1992–1993)
Jack Drees (1954)
Bill Flemming (1960, 1966–1983)
Bob Gallagher (1966)
Terry Gannon (1993–2005)
Gary Gerould (1995, 2004)
Frank Gifford (1991)
Curt Gowdy (1960–1961, 1982–1983)
Steve Grad (1981–1983)
Sean Grande (2000–2001)
Merle Harmon (1968–1970, 1973)
Jim Healy (1966)
Derrin Horton (2002)
Keith Jackson (1966–1969, 1971–2006)
Charlie Jones (1999–2001)
Mark Jones (1991–1999)
Dave LaMont (2005)
Jim Lampley (1974–1980)
Chris Lincoln (1976–1981)
Dan Lovett (1975)
Verne Lundquist (1974–1981)
Sal Marchiano (1974)
Dave Martin (1967)
Sean McDonough (2000–2003)
Jim McIntyre (1966)
Jim McKay (1967)
Corey McPherrin (1984, 1986)
Joel Meyers (1996)
Al Michaels (1977–1985, 1988, 1991–1992)
Bob Murphy (1971–1980)
Brent Musburger (1990–2005)
Stu Nahan (1975)
Brad Nessler (1997–2005)
Bill O'Donnell (1969)
Paul Page (2005)
Greg Papa (1996)
Ron Pinkney (1976–1977)
Jerry Punch (2003–2005)
Jack Rainbolt (1966)
Lynn Sanner (1968–1974)
Chris Schenkel (1966–1978, 1988)
Tom Schoendienst (1970)
Lon Simmons (1966)
Jim Simpson (1961)
Chip Tarkenton (2000)
Gary Thorne (2003–2005)
Mike Tirico (1999–2005)
Al Trautwig (1985)
Roger Twibell (1992–1999)
George Walsh (1950)
Rich Waltz (1998–1999)
Steve Zabriskie (1976–1982, 1991–1997)

Game Analysts

Mike Adamle (1986–1989)
Bob Anderson (1969)
Jamal Anderson (2004–2005)
Ray Bentley (2003–2005)
Dean Blevins (1993–1999)
Todd Blackledge (1994–1998)
Terry Bowden (2004–2005)
Tim Brant (1982–1987, 1991–2005)
Terry Brennan (1966–1967)
Frank Broyles (1977–1985)
Ron Burton (1969)
Harry Carson (1994)
Paul Christman (1960–1961)
Ed Cunningham (2000–2005)
Fran Curci (1982–1984)
Gary Danielson (1997–2005)
Duffy Daugherty (1973–1976)
Steve Davis (1976–1981)
Dan Dierdorf (1992–1993)
John Dockery (1978–1980)
Forest Evashevski (1970–1974)
Doug Flutie (1997)
Rick Forzano (1976–1983)
Dan Fouts (1997–1999, 2002–2005)
Russ Francis (1981)
Irving Fryar (2002)
Tom Gatewood (1981–1983)
Rod Gilmore (1998)
Bob Golic (1999)
Mike Golic (1997, 1999, 2003–2004)
Rosey Grier (1968)
Bob Griese (1987–2005)
Lee Grosscup (1967–1986)
Ralph Guglielmi (1968)
Tom Harmon (1954)
Mark Herrmann (2000–2001)
Brian Holloway (1995–1996)
Stan Humphries (1998)
Jackie Jensen (1966–1969)
Ron Johnson (1977)
Joe Kapp (1972)
Nick Lowery (1999)
Johnny Lujack (1968)
Ben Martin (1978–1981)
Mike Mayock (2001–2003)
Jack Mildren (1976)
David M. Nelson (1968–1973)
David Norrie (2000–2003)
Jim Owens (1975)
Ara Parseghian (1975–1981)
Clarence Peaks (1972)
Don Perkins (1975–1976)
Ron Pitts (1993)
Tom Ramsey (2005)
Gary Reasons (1994–1997)
Dan Reeves (2004)
Reggie Rivers (2000–2001)
Pepper Rodgers (1980–1981)
Darrell Royal (1980–1981)
Bo Schembechler (1992–1993)
John Spagnola (1991–1998)
Monty Stickles (1973–1974)
Lynn Swann (1983–2005)
Spencer Tillman (1998)
Dick Vermeil (1988–1996)
Everson Walls (1994)
Paul Warfield (1979–1980)
Bud Wilkinson (1966–1977)
John Yovicsin (1971)

Sideline Reporters
Steve Alvarez (1987–1989)
Jack Arute (1984–2005)
Becky Dixon (1986–1988)
Leslie Gudel (2000–2001)
Jim Gray (2004)
Todd Harris (1999–2005)
Lewis Johnson (1995–1997)
Mark Jones (1990)
Trenni Kusnierek (2005)
Dave LaMont (2004–2005)
Cheryl Miller (1989–1991)
Julie Moran (1992-1993)
Mark Morgan (2004–2005)
John Naber (1993)
Jerry Punch (2004)
Sam Ryan (2002–2005)
Anne Simon (1982)
Suzy Shuster (2004–2005)
Chip Tarkenton (1995, 1999)
Al Trautwig (1985–1986)
Scott Walker (2005)
Vince Welch (2004–2005)

Studio Hosts
Bud Palmer (1966–1971)
Merle Harmon (1969–1972)
Dave Diles (1972–1981)
Warner Wolf (1975–1976)
Andrea Kirby (1977–1978)
Chris Schenkel (1979–1980)
Jack Whitaker (1982–1984)
Jim Lampley (1981–1987)
 Jim Hill (1987)
Al Trautwig (1988)
Roger Twibell (1989–1991)
John Saunders (1992–2005)

Studio Analysts
Beano Cook (1982–1985)
Bo Schembechler (1991)
Todd Blackledge (1996–1998)
Terry Bowden (1999–2003)
Craig James (2003–2005)
Aaron Taylor (2004–2005)

References

College Football personalities
ABC College Football personalities


The Duluth-Superior Dukes was the final moniker of the minor league baseball team, that represented Duluth, Minnesota and Superior, Wisconsin, playing from 1956 to 1970 exclusively as members of the Northern League.

Duluth-Superior teams were affiliates of the Chicago White Sox (1956–1959), Detroit Tigers (1960–1965), Chicago Cubs (1965–1967) and Chicago White Sox (1967–1970).

History

The franchise formed in 1956 as the Duluth-Superior White Sox after a merger of the Duluth Dukes and the Superior Blues. The team name was changed back to the Dukes in 1960.

From 1960 to 1964, they were affiliated with the Detroit Tigers. In 1965, they were affiliated with the Tigers and Chicago Cubs. In 1966, they were affiliated with the Cubs. In 1967, they were affiliated with the Cubs and Chicago White Sox. From 1968 to 1970, they were affiliated with the White Sox alone.

The ballpark

The Dukes played their home games at Wade Stadium, located at 101 N. 35th Avenue West Duluth, Minnesota 55807. The stadium, built in 1940 is still in use today as home to the Duluth Huskies.

Year-by-year record

Notable alumni

 Gates Brown (1960)
 Pat Dobson (1962) MLB All-Star
 Bill Freehan (1961) 11x MLB All-Star
 John Hiller (1964) MLB All-Star
 Glen Hobbie (1956)
 Joe Hoerner (1957–1959) MLB All-Star
 Willie Horton (1962) 4x MLB All-Star
 Ira Hutchinson (1967, MGR)
 Pat Jarvis (1962–1963)
 Lamar Johnson (1970)
 Bruce Kimm (1970)
 Denny McLain (1963) 3x MLB All-Star; 2x AL Cy Young Award (1968–1969); 1968 AL Most Valuable Player
 J.C. Martin (1958)
 Don Mincher (1956–1957) 2x MLB All-Star
 Jim Northrup  (1961–1962)
 Jim Rooker (1964)
 Joe Sparma (1963)
 Mickey Stanley (1961–1962) 5x Gold Glove

Other Major League player alumni
(from baseball-reference.com)
1960 – Aubrey Gatewood, Ray Oyler, Willie Smith
1961 – Leo Marentette, Tom Timmermann
1962 – Ike Brown, Vern Holtgrave
1963 – Pete Craig
1964 – Arlo Brunsberg, Wayne Comer, Jack DiLauro, Andy Kosco
1965 – Bill Butler
1968 – Don Eddy, Dan Neumeier, Scott Northey, Denny O'Toole
1969 – Stan Perzanowski, Glenn Redmon, Hugh Yancy
1970 – Bruce Miller, Hugh Yancy

Baseball teams established in 1956
Professional baseball teams in Minnesota
1956 establishments in Minnesota
1970 disestablishments in Minnesota
Northern League (1902-71) baseball teams
Chicago Cubs minor league affiliates
Chicago White Sox minor league affiliates
Detroit Tigers minor league affiliates
Defunct baseball teams in Minnesota
Baseball teams disestablished in 1970


Šenturška Gora ( or ; ) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Ulrich, thus the name of the village (literally, 'Mount Saint Ulrich').  It was built in 1368 and extended in the late 17th century.

References

External links

Šenturška Gora on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem


José Antonio Maravall Casesnoves (1911 in Xàtiva – 1986 in Madrid) was a Spanish historian and essayist associated with the Generation of '36 movement.

Biography
Maravall studied philosophy and law at the University of Murcia, where he completed his final degree in political science and economics at the Central University, where he was a student of Jose Ortega y Gasset.  He became a university professor in Spain and abroad.  Maravall was head of the department at the University of La Laguna and the Complutense University of Madrid.  He also became a member of the Real Academia de la Historia and the president of the Spanish Association of Historical Sciences.

In Francoist Spain Maravall avoided some of the more politically sensitive topics of his work.  He wrote poetry during this period, and co-founded the Nueva Revista ("New Magazine") literary review with José Antonio Muñoz Rojas and Leopoldo Panero.

Maravall's work on Spanish history is considered foundational, and he is one of the highest authorities on the Old Regime of Monarchist Spain.  In 1987, he received the National Essay Prize given by the Spanish Ministry of Culture.  The University of Toulouse granted Maravall an honorary degree in recognition of his work.

His son, José María Maravall, was Education Minister in the first government of Felipe González in 1982.

Works

Books
Carlos V y el pensamiento político del Renacimiento
Concepto de España en la Edad Media (1954)

La cultura del Barroco. Análisis de una estructura histórica (1975).
Translated by Terry Cochran as Culture of the Baroque: Analysis of a Historical Structure, University of Minneapolis Press, 1986.
Utopia y contrautopia en el Quijote (1976)
Translated by Robert W. Felkel as Utopia and Counterutopia in the Quixote, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1991.
Poder, honor y elites en el s. XVII (1979)
Utopía y reformismo en la España de los Austrias (1982)
El humanismo en las armas de Don Quijote
Estudios de Historia del pensamiento español (1984)
La literatura picaresca desde la historia social (1986)

Articles
Hacia el hombre (Revista de occidente, 1935)

References

External links
 Articles at Dialnet by Maravall

1911 births
1986 deaths
People from Xàtiva
20th-century Spanish historians
Historians of Spain
Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (National faction)
Complutense University of Madrid alumni


Sinikka Laine-Törmänen (born 17 October 1945) is a Finnish author primarily of young adult fiction. Her first novel Ohari was published in 1982.

Laine has won many literary awards and her novel Tyttö tuulesta, poika pimeästä (1986) won the Finnish state literature award ().

Laine was born in Riihimäki, but lives and works in Oulu. She is married to artist Veikko Törmänen.

Works

Novels
 Ohari, WSOY 1982.
 Ei kenenkään, ei koskaan, WSOY 1984.
 Tyttö tuulesta, poika pimeästä, WSOY 1986.
Silkkiuikku, WSOY 1988 (as Danish translation: Sommerpigen, 1990)  (Danish translation: )
 Sininen ruoho, WSOY 1990,
Jos et pelkää pimeää, WSOY 1991.
Töyhtö, WSOY 1992.
Myrtti, yhden talven tyttö, WSOY 1994.
Kuujuhla, WSOY 1995.
Hyvästi, valkoinen, WSOY 1996.

Short stories
Sata munkkipossua in Sanojen portille lyhyesti (Edited by Asko Martinheimo), WSOY 1986
Taiteilijaelämää, Kaltio 4 / 2003

References

1945 births
Living people
People from Riihimäki
Finnish women novelists
20th-century Finnish novelists
Finnish-language writers
Finnish children's writers
Writers from Kanta-Häme
Finnish women children's writers
20th-century women writers


Bala railway station was on the Great Western Railway's Bala Ffestiniog Line in Wales. It replaced the first Bala station which was further away from the town, on the Ruabon–Barmouth line.

The route to Blaenau was single track throughout. The stations at Bala, Arenig, Trawsfynydd and Festiniog had two platforms, each with its own track. This both allowed for potential traffic and provided passing loops. A fifth loop was provided between 1908 and 1950 immediately north of Cwm Prysor, when intermittent heavy military traffic to and from  was likely.

Decline
The line northwards to Blaenau Ffestiniog closed to passengers on 2 January 1960 and to freight on 27 January 1961, following a "Last Train" special a week earlier. The short section to Bala Junction closed on 18 January 1965.

The goods shed was an unusual feature. Local landowner Mr. Price of Rhiwlas objected to the construction of the line, and to appease him the goods shed was built to resemble a castle, with mock battlements and turrets.*

There was a small engine shed - a sub-shed of Croes Newydd - to the south east of the station. It opened and closed with the line and was subsequently demolished.

History

The station was opened by the Bala and Festiniog Railway, which was bought by the Great Western Railway in 1910. The station passed to the Western Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948. It was closed by the British Transport Commission.

The site today

The station was demolished and a fire station built on the site. The goods yard is now in light industrial use.

References

Sources

Further material

External links
 The station site on a navigable OS Map, via National Library of Scotland
 The station on a navigable 1953 OS map, via npe Maps
 The station and line, via Rail Map Online
 The line LJT2 with mileages, via Railway Codes
 Remisinscences by a local railwayman, via Forgotten Relics
 Images of the station, via Yahoo
 Festiniog and Blaenau Railway, via Festipedia
 Driver's view north of Bala to Blaenau, via YouTube
 Train leaving the station, via alamy
 Several photos of the line, via Penmorfa
 Several photos of the line, via Penmorfa
 The line in 2009, via The Railway Muddler
 The station, via RailScot
 A special through the station site, via 2D53
 1960 Working timetable, via 2D53
 Details of Summer 1989 excursions through the station, via Six Bells Junction
 Deatails and photos of 22 Jan 1961 railtour, via Six Bells Junction
 The 1961 last train special, via YouTube
 An inspection saloon ride on the line, Part 1, via YouTube
 An inspection saloon ride on the line, Part 2, via YouTube
 Mothballed tracks at the station site in 2015, via RailScot
 Signal box diagram, via Signalling Record Society

Disused railway stations in Gwynedd
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1882
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1965
Former Great Western Railway stations
Beeching closures in Wales
Bala, Gwynedd
1882 establishments in Wales
1965 disestablishments in Wales


Hecelchakán () is one of the 11 municipalities in the Mexican state of Campeche. The municipal seat, and largest settlement, is the city of Hecelchakán.

The municipality had a 2005 census population of 28,306, with 10,285 in the municipal seat. The municipality covers an area of 1,331.99 km² (514.284 sq mi) and includes numerous smaller outlying communities, the largest of which is the town of Pomuch.

The name comes from the Maya words jeʼelel (rest) and chakʼan (savanna).

Geography
Hecelchakán borders to the north with Calkiní Municipality, to the south with Tenabo Municipality, to the east with Yucatán State and Hopelchén Municipality, and to the west with the Gulf of Mexico, with 24 km of shoreline.

It is at an average altitude of 10 m above sea level.

Demographics
As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 28,306.

As of 2010, the city of Hecelchakán had a population of 10,285. Other than the city of Hecelchakán, the municipality had 80 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Pomuch (8,694), classified as urban, and Pocboc (1,624), Cumpich (1,587), Campo Menonita Yalnón (1,151), and Santa Cruz (1,118), classified as rural.

History
On 7 December 1915, when decree no. 51 approved a new law of interior administration, Hecelchakán became one of the eight free municipalities of the new state of Campeche.  That law came into effect on 1 January 1916.

References

 Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
 Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México: Encyclopedia of  Mexican Municipalities (in Spanish)

External links
Ayuntamiento de Hecelchakán Official website

Municipalities of Campeche


Notable people known as A. H. Smith include:
A. Hyatt Smith (1814–1892), American politician
Abby Hadassah Smith (1797–1879), American suffragist
Albert Hugh Smith (1903–1967), English philologist

See also
 List of people with surname Smith


Omid Khouraj (, born September 20, 1982) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Pas Hamedan F.C. in the IPL.

Club career statistics

Last Update: 3 August 2011

 Assist Goals

Honours

Iran's Premier Football League Winner: 1
2003/04 with Pas Tehran

External links
Profile at Persianleague.com

1981 births
Living people
PAS Tehran F.C. players
PAS Hamedan F.C. players
Foolad F.C. players
Persian Gulf Pro League players
Iranian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Tehran