Jerzy Janusz Opara (born 21 July 1948) is a Polish sprint canoeist who competed in the 1970s. He was born in Warsaw. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won a silver medal in the C-2 500 m event at Montreal in 1976. Opara also won four medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two silvers (C-1 1000 m: 1970, C-2 1000 m: 1974) and two bronzes (C-2 500 m: 1973, C-2 1000 m: 1977).

References

1948 births
Living people
Canoeists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Polish male canoeists
Olympic canoeists for Poland
Olympic silver medalists for Poland
Olympic medalists in canoeing
Sportspeople from Warsaw
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in Canadian
Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics


Arka Sokaklar (English: Back Streets) is a television crime series that was broadcast on Kanal D on 31 July 2006 . In its 18 consecutive seasons the series has become a success story with its TV ratings despite being criticized for continuity/logic errors, near superhero abilities of main characters, overused lines of dialogue, and excessive use of zoom.

Characters

Changed Characters

International broadcasters

See also
Television in Turkey
List of Turkish television series
Turkish television drama

References

External links

Turkish drama television series
2006 Turkish television series debuts
2010s Turkish television series
2000s Turkish television series
Kanal D original programming


USS Wandank has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:

 , originally Fleet Tug No. 26, later ATO-26, a fleet tug in commission from 1920 to 1922 and from 1922 to 1946
 , named USS ATA-204 from 1945 to 1952, an auxiliary ocean-going tug in commission from 1945 to 1947 and from 1952 to 1971.

United States Navy ship names


A hallucination is a perception in the absence of a stimulus.

Hallucination or Hallucinations may also refer to:

Literature
 "Hallucination" (short story), a 1985 science fiction short story by Isaac Asimov
 Hallucinations (short story), a 1997 science fiction horror short story by Junji Ito
 Hallucinations (book), a 2012 book by Oliver Sacks

Computing and mathematics
 Hallucination (artificial intelligence), assertion by an AI that is unjustified by its training data

Music
 Hallucination Recordings, a record label
 Hallucinations (Atrocity album) (1990)
 Hallucinations (David Usher album) (2003)
 Hallucinations (EP), a 2019 EP by Pvris
 Hallucination (Regard and Years & Years song)
 Hallucinations: Psychedelic Pop Nuggets from the WEA Vaults, a 2004 compilation album
 "Hallucinations", a 2009 single by Angels & Airwaves from Love
 "Hallucinations", a bebop-era composition by Bud Powell covered by many jazz musicians
 The Halluci Nation, a Canadian electronic music group formerly known as A Tribe Called Red

See also


Basketball was one of the many sports which was held at the 1954 Asian Games in Manila, Philippines. It acted as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 1954 FIBA World Championship in Brazil.

Medalists

Results

Preliminary round

Group A

Group B

Final round

Final standing

References
Results

Basketball
1954
1954 in Asian basketball
1954 in Philippine basketball
International basketball competitions hosted by the Philippines


Roland Eustace, 2nd Viscount Baltinglass of Harristown, County Kildare, Ireland, was born in 1505 and died in 1578. He was the son of Sir Thomas Eustace (1480–1549), 1st Viscount Baltinglass and Margaret Talbot, daughter of Sir Peter Talbot of Malahide Castle, County Dublin.

Early life

Little is known of his early life except that he seems to have lived at Blackrath (Calverston) until succeeding to the Baltinglass title and family estate at Harristown in 1549. This branch of the Eustace family held strongly to the Catholic faith through the Reformation. As a boy, Roland's father had completed New Abbey near Kilcullen which was dissolved by Henry VIII in 1539. In 1558, he took his seat in the first Irish Parliament of Queen Elizabeth, but strongly opposed her Act of Uniformity of that year and for this and other actions, he was ordered to be arrested in 1567 and conveyed to London, but the order was not carried out. During the interval, however, he had been commissioned as one of the Justices of the Peace for County Kildare during the temporary absence of the Lord Deputy in 1561.

Family

Roland Eustace married Joan, daughter of James Butler, 8th Baron Dunboyne in about 1528. They had six sons and two daughters.
The daughters were:
 Joan, who married Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 2nd Baron Upper Ossory; and
 Eleanor, who married Sir Edmund Butler of Cloughgrenan, second son of the 9th Earl of Ormond, and was the mother of Catherine, fourth wife of William Eustace of Castlemartin.

The sons were:
 James Eustace, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass, (1530–1585)
 Edmund, who married Frances Pipho and secondly Joan, daughter of Richard Walsh of Carrickmines. Edmund was involved with his brothers in the Baltinglass Rebellion and escaped to Scotland in 1583 and later to Spain where he served in the Armada in 1588. He died childless in Portugal in 1597;
 Thomas, was executed in 1582 for his involvement in the Baltinglass Rebellion.
 William, fourth son was believed to have been slain in battle in 1581, for it was officially reported to Sir Francis Walsingham, Secretary of State in London, "Head of William Eustace, another Baltinglass brethren, taken this morning." This report may not have been true because a branch of the Eustace family at Robertstown, County Kildare later made an unsuccessful claim to the Baltinglass title.
 Walter Eustace was captured in 1583 and executed.
 Richard Eustace, was living in Paris at the time of the Rebellion arranging for the delivery of ammunition and supplies to aid his brothers. He later became a priest in Rome.

References

Tickell, Sir Eustace F; The Eustace Family and Their Lands in County Kildare; (1955); Journal of the Co. Kildare Archaeological Society; Vol. XIII, No. 6; pp. 283.

1505 births
1578 deaths
16th-century Anglo-Irish people
People from County Kildare
Members of the Irish House of Lords
Rowland


Jean-Jacques Gaspard Foelix (1791–1853) was a French jurist and the founder of the science of comparative law in France.

After studies in Koblenz, Foelix practiced law in Paris, a profession which he saw mainly as a means to engage in his study of European legislation. His reputation as a scholar of comparative law rested chiefly on his 1833 founding of the journal Revue du droit français et étranger. He wrote about 150 articles for the journal, many of which were concerned with German law.

In 1838, the University of Freiburg awarded him an honorary doctorate for his efforts to mediate between the legal cultures of France and Germany.

References

1791 births
1853 deaths
French jurists
19th-century jurists


The shipping industry is a major contributor to the Lebanese economy, having Lebanon's capital city, Beirut, as its major operations center from where distribution takes place to the Middle East region. The industry, which provides international transportation, logistic and household services, cover the ocean division, air freight division, land freight division, custom brokerage division, packing, insurance and warehousing.

History
Lebanese shipping, which witnessed flourishing periods in its early history, had its main expansion in the mid 20th century. Before 1975 the port of Beirut was a major entrepôt for the Middle East, especially for goods bound for Damascus and Amman. In 1974 approximately 3.4 million tons of goods were unloaded at the Beirut docks, 668,000 tons were loaded, and 932,000 tons of transit goods were handled. When the Civil War began, however, the port became a major battleground. Battles also took place there in subsequent clashes between 1978 and 1987. Despite strenuous efforts to restore the port to full working order, by 1987 it had yet to regain anything like its former prominence. Between the start of the Civil War in 1975 until 1983, the port's best year was 1980, when some 2.7 million tons of cargo were unloaded, 248,056 tons were loaded, and 209,080 tons were handled in transit. The Israeli siege of Beirut led to a drastic drop in port activity in 1982, when goods handled fell to less than two-thirds of the 1980 level.

Lebanon's other traditional ports at Tyre and Sidon also have had troubled histories. Tyre suffered during the Civil War, during the Israeli invasions of 1978 and 1982, and during other Israeli military actions. Sidon was similarly afflicted, escaping only the 1978 assault. Both ports have also witnessed some internal conflict. After Israel's 1984 pullout from much of Lebanon, however, Tyre appeared to enjoy a revival of its local economy. Although Sidon suffered from further Shia-Palestinian conflict, it recovered modestly, and its export trade increased in early 1987.

Israel has persistently intervened in Lebanese maritime affairs. Its actions ranged from dispatching gunboats to positions off Beirut, a fairly common occurrence, to closing ports under Israeli control, such as Tyre and Sidon in 1984. From time to time, Israeli forces searched ships bound to or from Lebanese ports. In 1984, late 1986, and early 1987, Israel also stopped several ships ferrying passengers between Larnaca in Cyprus and Juniyah, the principal port of the Maronite heartland. Israel claimed that the ships were being used to infiltrate Palestinian guerrillas into Lebanon and warned that the Larnaca-Juniyah link would be closed altogether if the vessels continued to carry Palestinian fighters.

Growth
Although the shipping industry witnessed some past downturns however current numbers show increasing records and expanding activities. Lebanon's Port of Beirut TEU activity up to July, 2008 reached 287,898 TEUs, representing an increase of 16% from the same period last year. On the other hand, Port of Beirut TEU activity increased 30.9% year on year to 444,165 in 2007. With these records, expectations of future growth in the shipping industry are up to 30%, thus making it one of the leading Middle Eastern countries in this industry.

Lebanese Shipping Companies
Some notable Lebanese shipping companies include:

 GIFCO Freight Forwarding Company
 IFFCO Shipping Lebanon
 ABC Shipping Co
 ORIENT SHIPPING & TRADING COMPANY S.A.R.L.
 ABOU MERHI LINES S.A.L.
 METZ SHIPPING AGENCY LIMITED
 MOLLER-MAERSK, A.P., GROUP
 Sabra Freight Services

Environmental impact of shipping

See also
 Economy of Lebanon
 Port of Beirut
 Beirut Rafiq Hariri International Airport

References

External links
Lebanese Shipping Statistics for year 2006

Economy of Lebanon
Merchant navy


Huffman is an unincorporated community in southwest Craig County, Virginia.

It lies along State Route 42.

References
US Board on Geographic Names, http://geonames.usgs.gov/

Unincorporated communities in Craig County, Virginia
Unincorporated communities in Virginia


Barbara Kwiatkowska-Lass (1 June 1940 – 6 March 1995) was a Polish actress.

Early life and career
Barbara Kwiatkowska was born in Patrowo, a village near Gostynin in central Poland, then under German-occupied Poland, which the Nazis had renamed Gasten in 1939 through 1941 (at time of her birth). Then changed to Walrode from June 1941 until the end of the war. Although she received ballet and dance education, she eventually took up an acting career. After her debut role in Tadeusz Chmielewski's comedy Ewa chce spać (1957) she gained wider popularity in Poland. The role had been offered to her after she took the first place in a contest organized by a popular Polish cinema magazine.

In 1959 she left Poland for the West and soon starred in a few major films like La millième fenêtre (with Jean-Louis Trintignant) and The Joy of Living (with Alain Delon). She played roles in several Italian, French and German films such as Krzysztof Zanussi's  (1984) and in  (1981).

Personal life
She married film director Roman Polanski in 1959; they divorced in 1962. The following year she met Karlheinz Böhm in Tokyo on the set of the film Rififi in Tokyo (1963); the couple later married, their daughter is actress Katharina Böhm. Kwiatkowska-Lass divorced Böhm in 1980, and married Polish jazz musician Leszek Żądło, with whom she lived until her death.

Politics
Kwiatkowska was opposed to the Communist regime in Poland and cooperated with the United States-controlled Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, which transmitted anti-communist propaganda, information and programmes free from censorship to Poland.

Death
On 6 March 1995, Kwiatkowska-Lass collapsed and died from a brain hemorrhage, aged 54, in Munich. She was interred in Kraków's Rakowicki Cemetery.

Filmography

References

External links

Burials at Rakowicki Cemetery
Polish film actresses
Polish television actresses
Actresses from Kraków
Polish anti-communists
1940 births
1995 deaths
20th-century Polish actresses


Creeksea is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Burnham-on-Crouch, in the Maldon district, in the county of Essex, England. It is on the Dengie peninsula on the north side of the River Crouch, one mile west of Burnham-on-Crouch.  In 1931 the parish had a population of 76.

History

Royal Air Force fast rescue boats and a Royal Navy motor torpedo boat flotilla operated from Creeksea during World War II.

Creeksea Place Manor, a large red brick house built c. 1569 by Sir Arthur Harris stands in the village.

Many variations of Creeksea are found in old documents including Cricksea, Crykseye and Crixsey.

On 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished and merged with Burnham, part also went to Canewdon.

Port
Navigation on the River Crouch at Creeksea is governed by the Crouch Harbour Authority. There are 2 berths at Creeksea operated by Baltic Wharves,

Local amenities

Established in 1957, Creeksea Sailing Club has launching facilities on the River Crouch. The local public house is the Greyhound. There is a golf course in the village.

Religious sites

The local church is All Saints, in the Diocese of Chelmsford. The church was built in the 14th century and then rebuilt in 1878.

References

External links
Information and photographs of Creeksea
The history of Creeksea

Villages in Essex
Ports and harbours of Essex
Former civil parishes in Essex
Burnham-on-Crouch


Hurricane Martha was the only known tropical cyclone to make landfall in Panama. The eighteenth named storm and twelfth hurricane of the 1969 Atlantic hurricane season, Martha developed in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on November 21. Initially, the storm developed with sustained winds of , skipping tropical depression status. It remained stationary and quickly intensified into a hurricane. Martha attained maximum sustained winds of  on November 22. Subsequently, Martha weakened and drifted southward. On November 24, Martha made landfall in Veraguas Province, Panama, as a strong tropical storm. The system weakened to a tropical depression and dissipated over land on November 25.

Because the storm weakened prior to landfall, strong winds were not expected or reported in the impacted countries. In Panama, more than  of precipitation may have fallen in some areas. Agricultural land was flooded in Almirante, Bocas del Toro and streets became inundated in low-lying areas of Puerto Armuelles, Chiriquí. The storm also brought significant rains to Costa Rica. Flooding and mudslides isolated most of the capital city of San José. Numerous streets were inundated in Golfito. Damage in Costa Rica reached $30 million (1969 USD) and 5 deaths were reported.

Meteorological history

Winds aloft in the vicinity of San Andrés, Colombia and the Panama Canal Zone indicated that a low-level circulation developed in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on November 20. According to the Best Track, Tropical Storm Martha formed at 1200 UTC on November 21, with an initial wind speed of . Thus, Martha skipped tropical depression status. Centered about  northeast of Bocas Town, Bocas del Toro, the storm remained stationary for 24 hours after tropical cyclogenesis. Martha immediately began deepening, becoming a hurricane at 0000 UTC on November 22. Operationally, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories at 0300 UTC and erroneously indicated that it was a tropical depression and noted that conditions did not favor significant intensification. Later on November 22, a reconnaissance flight indicated Martha deepened to a compact hurricane, and the tropical cyclone attained a maximum sustained wind speed of . Reconnaissance aircraft measured a minimum barometric pressure of , though it was later corrected to  in the post-season analysis.

The eye feature was about  wide and it was described as poorly organized, although convection was increasing. After reaching peak intensity, Martha began drifting due south and slowly weakened. At 1200 UTC on November 23, the tropical cyclone diminished to a tropical storm, after winds decreased to  and a reconnaissance flight recorded an increased barometric pressure of . The storm maintained that intensity, and shortly before 1800 UTC on November 24, Martha made landfall in rural Veraguas Province, Panama, about  east of the mouth of the Calovebora River. Operationally, winds were thought to be only  when the storm moved inland. Martha was the only tropical cyclone on record to make landfall in Panama, although it is possible that other Panama tropical cyclones were not detected. The storm rapidly weakened inland, deteriorating to tropical depression status early on November 25, twelve hours before dissipating over southern Ngöbe-Buglé Comarca.

Preparations and impact
Residents were warned to anticipate tides  above normal near the expected point of landfall. Later, the forecast was decreased to  above normal and pertained to tides in the Mosquito Gulf and Chiriqui Lagoon. Since Martha was a relatively weak tropical cyclone, flash floods were emphasized as the greatest threat. The National Hurricane Center stated that rainfall could exceed . Additionally, Arnold Sugg of National Hurricane Center warned residents of gale-force winds and heavy precipitation, advising people living between Bluefields, Nicaragua and Almirante, Bocas del Toro, Panama to take precautions.

In Panama, the storm dropped at least  of precipitation, especially in the western portions of the country. As a result, at least half of agricultural land in Almirante, Bocas del Toro was flooded, causing extensive crop damage. In Puerto Armuelles, Chiriquí, persistent rainfall led to street flooding and inundated other areas. Similar conditions were reported in Golfito, Costa Rica. The effects of Martha resulted in five deaths, all of which occurred in Costa Rica. The nation incurred flooding from heavy rainfall, which caused significant destruction. The capital city of San José received flooding. In all, damages were estimated near $30 million (1969 USD).

See also

List of Category 1 Atlantic hurricanes
Geography of Panama
Hurricane Otto (2016) – A late-season Category 3 hurricane that brought heavy rainfall and disastrous flooding to Panama

References

1969 in the Caribbean
1969 Atlantic hurricane season
Category 1 Atlantic hurricanes
Hurricanes in Costa Rica
Hurricanes in Nicaragua
Hurricanes in Panama


Tamás Buday (born July 5, 1952) is a Canadian sprint canoe coach and retired Hungarian sprint canoer. He competed in doubles at the 1976 and 1980 Olympics and won two bronze medals in 1976. He also won thirteen medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with four gold (C-2 1000 m: 1978, C-2 10000 m: 1978, 1981, 1983), five silvers (C-1 1000 m: 1981, C-2 1000 m: 1977, 1979; C-2 10000 m: 1974, 1975), and four bronzes (C-1 1000 m: 1977, C-2 10000 m: 1973, 1979, 1982).

In 1987, Buday moved to Canada, after being invited to train the national canoeing team. He is a member of the Mississauga Sports Hall of Fame and recipient of the Canadian Coaching Excellence Award. His sons Attila and Tamás, Jr. competed in sprint canoe for Canada at three Olympics.

References

External links

1952 births
Canadian male canoeists
Canoeists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Hungarian male canoeists
Hungarian defectors
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Hungary
Olympic bronze medalists for Hungary
Olympic medalists in canoeing
Hungarian emigrants to Canada
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in Canadian

Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Canoeists from Budapest


Truncatellidae, common name the "looping snails", is a family of small amphibious snails, with gills and an operculum, semi-marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks.

Shell description

This family of snails have small shells which lose their apical whorls as they continue to grow, giving the shells a truncated and cylindrical appearance.

Subfamilies
The family Truncatellidae consists of two subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):
 subfamily Truncatellinae Gray, 1840
 subfamily Geomelaniinae Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1897

Genera
Genera within the family Truncatellidae include:

Truncatellinae
 Truncatella Risso, 1826 - type genus of the family Truncatellidae

Geomelaniinae
 Geomelania L. Pfeiffer, 1845 - type genus of the subfamily Geomelaniinae

subfamily ?
 †Nystia
 Taheitia Adams, 1863

Habitat
Snails in this family are found in marine coastal environments, near or just above the high tide line on stones and pebbles, fine sediments and decomposing vegetation.

Life cycle
The sexes are separate. Fertilized eggs are laid as egg capsules, which are attached to detritus.

References

External links

 Truncatellidae on Discovery Life


Radio SRF 1 is a Swiss radio channel, one of six operated by Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF), with its headquarters in Zürich.

It was launched in 1931 as Radio Beromünster (named after the Beromünster municipality on which its original transmission tower was located) and was the first German-language radio station for German-speaking Switzerland.

Programmes

The channel is receivable throughout Switzerland via FM, DAB, cable, and satellite. It is also streamed on the internet.

Programming is mainly general and includes news and entertainment, as well as satire, games, and radio broadcasts for children.

Radio SRF 1 broadcasts regional content several times a day in the following areas of German-speaking Switzerland:
 Aargau / Solothurn
 Basel
 Bern - Fribourg - Valais
 Central Switzerland
 Eastern Switzerland
 Zürich / Schaffhausen

Former logos

External links

1931 establishments in Switzerland
Radio stations established in 1931
German-language radio stations in Switzerland
Mass media in Zürich


The men's 1500 metre freestyle was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics programme. It was the seventh appearance of the event, which was established in 1908. The competition was held from Thursday to Saturday, 13 to 15 August 1936.

Twenty-one swimmers from ten nations competed.

Medalists

Records
These were the standing world and Olympic records (in minutes) prior to the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Results

Heats

Thursday 13 August 1936: The fastest three in each heat and the next two fastest from across the heats advanced to the semi-finals.

Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Heat 4

Semifinals

Friday 14 August 1936: The fastest three in each semi-final and the fastest fourth-placed from across the heats advanced to the final.

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Final

Saturday 15 August 1936:

References

External links
Olympic Report

Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Men's events at the 1936 Summer Olympics


Everly was an American folk musical duo formed in Battle Ground, Washington in 2008 by friends Bethany Joy Lenz and Amber Sweeney. Their debut EP, Mission Bell, was launched on iTunes. The duo released a series of digitally released B Track albums that have been featured on The CW hit television series, One Tree Hill, on which Lenz was an actor and director.

On November 29, 2012, Lenz confirmed that Everly split and will no longer be making music.

History

Debut
Lenz and Sweeney formed Everly in 2008. On November 5, 2008, Everly released a three-song acoustic EP on iTunes entitled Mission Bell. The duo released the EP through music outlets, iTunes, Amazon and CD Baby. Mission Bell featuring "Home Is Me – You Are Mine," "Stars," and "Little Children," all written by Lenz and Sweeney. On November 15, 2008, the duo released three additional tracks added onto Mission Bell titled "Hotel Café," "Mrs. Scott," and "Scheming Star," and a bonus track titled "Karen's Café", which was a specifically altered version of "Hotel Café" for an episode of Lenz's television series One Tree Hill.

Mission Bell reached the No. 1 spot on CD Baby, an online music store specializing in the sale of physical compact discs and digital music downloads from independent musicians directly to consumers. The duo also digitally released an acoustic Christmas album in 2009 titled Fireside.

Everly on One Tree Hill
Lenz has performed a string of original tracks on One Tree Hill due to her character's ambitions to reestablish her music career. Everly had continued to use One Tree Hill as an avenue to promote their latest music.

In the episode titled "Even Fairy Tale Characters Would Be Jealous," Lenz's character Haley James Scott's friend Peyton Sawyer produces a USO concert at the military base where her brother is stationed. The concert also featured Lenz's then-husband Michael Galeotti's band Enation, the band Angels & Airwaves, and occasional One Tree Hill guest star and fellow musician Kate Voegele. After its airing, Everly's single Feel This rose to No. 14 on the iTunes folk charts and allowed them to maintain the No. 1 top seller spot on CD Baby for several weeks.

In the episode titled We Three (My Echo, My Shadow and Me), Karen's café is transformed into a glamorous nightclub with Lucas as its proprietor and Haley as the cabaret singer; Lenz premiered more songs featured in Everly's EP.

In the seventh season of One Tree Hill, Lenz re-released "Quicksand," a song originally written and performed by Lenz for her album with Epic. Her character then began her first solo tour, Flying Machine. In the fictional tour, songs written and performed by Everly were featured on the show while concurrently being released through iTunes and CD Baby.

Discography

EPs

Singles

Televised performances

See also
Bethany Joy Lenz
Bethany Joy Lenz discography

References

External links

American folk rock groups


In Mandaeism, ṣauma () is a term that means fasting. Although ṣauma can refer to physical fasting, it is more often used in Mandaeism to refer to spiritual piety and abstaining from sin.

On some days of the Mandaean calendar, Mandaeans perform light fasting. Unlike the Islamic tradition of sawm during Ramadan, Mandaeans do not completely forgo food and water for long periods of time. Instead, Mandaeans typically perform light fasting, such as abstaining from meat during certain mbaṭṭal (ominous) days.

Spiritual fasting
The Mandaic term Ṣauma Rabba () refers to a kind of "spiritual fasting" in which devout Mandaeans do not partake in the vices of the world and abstain from performing sinful activities.

The precepts of the Ṣauma Rabba, which exemplify the Mandaean tenets of pacificism, are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 2, Chapter 1 of the Right Ginza. Both have eight precepts that are identified with different parts of the body.

See also
Ta'anit, or fasting in Judaism
Fasting in Christianity
Fasting in Islam, or sawm
Ten Commandments
Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism

References

Fasting
Mandaeism
Mandaic words and phrases
Codes of conduct
Religious ethics


is a Japanese light novel series written by Atsushi Kagurazaka and illustrated by Sadaji Koike. Tokuma Shoten published four novels from April 2007 to June 2010. It has been adapted into a drama CD, a manga series serialized in Monthly Comic Ryū, and an anime television series animated by J.C.Staff aired between July and September 2009. The anime had been licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks and Section23 Films released the complete collection on November 16, 2010.

Story
In 1925, after being told by a baseball player that women should become housewives instead of going to school, two 14-year-old Japanese high school girls named Koume and Akiko decide to start a baseball team in order to prove him wrong. During this time, when even running was considered too vulgar for women, baseball is known as "what the boys do" and they face many difficulties when having to find enough members, to get permission from their parents and also when learning about the sport itself.

The first book in the series opens in Taishō 14 (1925), introducing Koume, who is the 14-year-old daughter of a yōshoku restaurant owner, and a student at a local girls' academy. One day, Koume's friend, Akiko, asks her to join in an all-girl baseball team and have a match against a boys team. While the first volume can be read as a stand-alone work, the second volume develops the storyline further.

The second book is set in the summer of Taishō 14. Koume, Akiko, Manoe and the rest of the nine members of the Baseball Girls continue to face off against numerous all-boy teams, and have trouble dealing with the fast balls thrown by the boys. To combat the anxiety they experience, playing against more experienced teams, they decide to abandon their traditional baseball uniforms in favor of a kimono-style uniform. The girls also partition off the batter's box so that other teams cannot see what they are doing.

Apart from baseball, the series also deals with certain cultural changes that are not seen quite so often in anime. For example, the popular "sailor" school uniforms, now a staple of real-world Japanese schools, as well as school-based anime and manga, are only just being introduced into Japanese society during the Taishō period in which this work is based.

Characters

Main characters
The main characters are the members of the girls' baseball team Ouka-kai. Most of the girls are from class 1–2 and the team's coach is their homeroom teacher.
  The main protagonist of story, second member and catcher of team. She is the daughter of a yōshoku restaurant owner. Her dream is to wear a sailor uniform.
  Koume's closest friend, captain and pitcher of the team. She is from a wealthy family.
  Class president and childhood friend of Tamaki. She and Tamaki played baseball with boys when they were in elementary school. She is third/fourth team member: she spoke with Koume about their baseball team in the evening, but Koume didn't recognize her desire, and so Yuki repeated her request on the following day again (after Noe). She supplied first baseball equipment for the team (catcher mask, several gloves and balls) and also "stole" first team uniforms (western-like sport uniform) from her family kimono shop (it was too modern, so it didn't sell and was kept in storage).
  Third/fourth member and main strategist/tactician of the team.
  Fifth member and Shizuka's elder twin sister. She has a huge crush on Koume and joined the team to be closer to her. Before the baseball team, she was in the newspaper club. She is very athletic and her dream is to hit a home run. Unlike her twin, she wears a sailor uniform for school. She shares a room with her twin in the school dorms.
  Sixth member and Tomoe's younger twin sister. Before the baseball team, she was also in the newspaper club. Unlike her twin, she normally dresses in traditional Japanese clothing.
  Seventh-eighth member. She has a large crush on Tomoe, and when Tomoe asked her to join – she agreed without thinking.
  Ninth member. Yuki's childhood friend. Initially she was the most skilled player in team.
  Noriko's replacement. Before the baseball team she was on the track team.
  She is the English language teacher, class 2–1 homeroom teacher and the girls' coach.

Others
  The newspaper club president. Initially she was seventh-eighth member (she was forced to join by Tomoe because she owed her money), lately she retired from the team, but she stays their fan.
  A young man who's a promising chef and works in the Suzukawa's restaurant. He becomes Koume's fiancé through arranged marriage in the middle of the anime.
  Akiko's arranged finance. He held chauvinistic views believing women belonged only in domestic roles prompting Akiko to take up baseball. He changes after playing against her.
  One of Iwasaki's fellow baseball players, due to a misunderstanding he self-proclaims himself Koume's boyfriend henceforth becoming extremely rude and pushy about it.

Media

Anime
An anime television series adaptation animated by J.C.Staff was announced in August 2008 and aired for 12 episodes on TBS from July 2 to September 24, 2009, replacing K-On! in its timeslot. It was written and directed by Takashi Ikehata with character designs by Kanetoshi Kamimoto, who is known for his design work for Tomy toys. The anime was licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks and the complete collection was released on November 16, 2010.

Drama CD

Audio CD, 72 minutes, 7 tracks, Frontier Works, FCCN-0032, 21 December 2007.

Manga
A manga series by Shimpei Itoh was published in Monthly Comic Ryū from July 19, 2008, to February 19, 2011 and collected into five volumes.

Novels

221 pages, April 17, 2007, , Tokuma Shoten

202 pages, August 20, 2008, , Tokuma Shoten

212 pages, July 2009, , Tokuma Shoten

 224 pages, June 17, 2010, , Tokuma Shoten

References

External links
 大正野球娘。at Comic Ryu (official site)
 Official anime site (at TBS)

2007 Japanese novels
2008 manga
2010 video games
Anime and manga based on light novels
Baseball in anime and manga
Baseball novels
J.C.Staff
Japan-exclusive video games
Light novels
PlayStation Portable games
PlayStation Portable-only games
Seinen manga
Sentai Filmworks
Suzak Inc. games
Taishō period in fiction
TBS Television (Japan) original programming
Tokuma Shoten manga
Video games based on anime and manga
Video games developed in Japan
Women's baseball
Works about women's sports


Oszkár Frey (born 22 April 1953) is a retired Hungarian sprint canoer who competed in doubles together with Tamás Buday. They won two bronze medals at the 1976 Olympics and one gold and three silver medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships.

References

External links

1953 births
Canoeists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Hungarian male canoeists
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Hungary
Olympic bronze medalists for Hungary
Olympic medalists in canoeing
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in Canadian

Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Canoeists from Budapest
20th-century Hungarian people


Delos White Beadle (October 17, 1823 – August 30, 1905) was a horticulturist, journalist and municipal politician from St. Catharines, Ontario. He edited the Canadian Horticulturist from 1878 to late 1886, and was the author of Canada's first gardening guide, Canadian fruit, flower, and kitchen gardener.

Biography

Beadle's father was a physician from New York State who established a successful practice and also became the owner of the St Catharines Nursery which quickly became an important cultivator of fruit trees.

Beadle served on St. Catharines City Council in 1886–87.

References

External links

 Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

1823 births
1905 deaths
Canadian horticulturists
Canadian magazine editors
St. Catharines city councillors


Anomie Belle (an·o·me bel) is an American multi-instrumentalist, vocalist, songwriter, producer, and artivist from Seattle. Originally a classically-trained violinist and songwriter, Belle began writing and recording music as a child. Belle has since developed an eclectic and avant-garde musical style that incorporates aspects of electronic, classical, art pop, experimental, trip hop, glitch, and soul.

Belle's music grapples with issues ranging from critiques of power to intimacy and sexuality, and often explores the emotional experiences of "beautiful alienation" created by the isolation and passive guilt of unsustainable lifestyles that are destructive to human well-being and the natural environment. Belle has also highlighted these issues in collaboration with artists across disciplines, including Culture Jammers such as The Yes Men and transgender choreographer, Sean Dorsey. Belle is openly queer and blurs typical representations of sexuality and gender.

History

Belle released a debut album Sleeping Patterns in November 2008. In support of the release, Belle toured with Little Dragon and Manuok. Sleeping Patterns garnered further commercial success after the song How Can I Be Sure appeared in the Xbox 360 game Alan Wake. Belle toured extensively in 2009, 2010, 2011 in the US and Canada, first with The Album Leaf, and then with Tricky, and later with Gustavo Santaolalla's band Bajofondo. Live performances feature Belle performing vocals, violin, electric guitar, keyboards, bass, drum machine, samplers and programming by looping herself live. During a second tour with The Album Leaf and Sea Wolf, Belle also performed with The Album Leaf for their entire set.

Belle's second album, The Crush, released in September 2011. It includes collaborations with Mr. Lif, Jon Auer of The Posies, and Trespassers William lead vocalist Anna-Lynne Williams, all of whom Belle has performed with on stage during their respective live performances. Belle followed The Crush with several EPs, featuring members of the Sneaker Pimps, remixes, and covers of Ain't No Sunshine and Everything in Its Right Place.

In 2012 Belle contributed vocals and production to several tracks on Eighty One, the album from Ninja Tune artist Yppah. The two artists met when they performed together on tour with Bonobo. Over the next two years, Belle toured in support of the album as a featured artist during live Yppah performances, performing on guitar, keys, violin, drum machine and vocals.

Flux, Belle's third album, features an interdisciplinary art project exploring disillusionment and the search for identity, and was released in the US in August 2016, and worldwide in 2017. Fourteen visual art pieces accompany the album in an artbook, featuring new works from Marco Mazzoni, Redd Walitzki, Mark Demsteader, Kari-Lise Alexander, Casey Weldon, Meredith Marsone, Alessandra Maria, Alex Garant, Alpay Efe, Januz Miralles, Maria Teicher, Antonio Velfín, Alexandra Becker-Black and Zin Lim. Each piece is a portrait of Belle and her music, and was displayed at Modern Eden Gallery. Belle followed Flux with several EPs, including a cover of King of Carrot Flowers, and a full-length remix album, Flux Remixed, including remixes by Antibalas, Prefuse 73, Blockhead, DJ Nobody, Alex Banks, Diasuke Tanabe, Robot Koch, El Huervo, Cuushe, Monokle, Aiko Aiko, Lushloss, and Televangel of Blue Sky Black Death; with cover art by Minjae Lee (aka GrenoMJ).

In 2018 Belle created original music (alongside musicians Alex Kelly, Jesse Olsen Bay, Ben Kessler, Grey Reverend) for Sean Dorsey's dance-theater work, Boys in Trouble, which was awarded an Isadora Duncan Award for Best Music/Sound.  The work is performed by the 5 dancer-performers of Sean Dorsey Dance, and unpacks contemporary American masculinity with unflinching honesty and from unapologetically trans and queer perspectives. Boys In Trouble premiered in April 2018 at San Francisco's Z Space before launching a 2-year, 20-city international tour.

Discography

Albums
2008 Sleeping Patterns
2011 The Crush
2017 Flux (Diving Bell Co.)
2018 Flux Remixed (Diving Bell Co.)

Singles and EPs
2011 How Can I Be Sure EP
2011 Inky Drips EP
2011 Machine EP
2012 Picture Perfect (single) (Japan only)
2018 Carrot Flowers EP
2018 The Good Life EP
2018 Right Way (single)
2018 Lovers (single)
2018 Saturday Gives (single)

Appearances
2012 Yppah - Eighty One (Ninja Tune)
2012 D. Song (feat Anomie Belle) (Ninja Tune)
2012 Film Burn (feat Anomie Belle) (Ninja Tune)
2012 Believe Me by Trespassers William (Saint Marie Records)
2013 Cliff by Lotte Kestner (Saint Marie Records)
2018 The Setup (Anomie Belle Remix) by El Huervo (Swedish Columbia)
2019 Chasms (feat Ásgeir) by Alex Banks (Mesh)

Compilation appearances
2009 No Lip Vol. 3 (Mohawk Bomb Records)
2010 Alan Wake - OST Limited Edition Soundtrack
2013 Plush - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (Varèse Sarabande Records)

Contributor
 The First Time I Heard David Bowie (2012) by Scott Heim
 HOME (2015) by Marco Mazzoni

TV, Film and Video Game uses
 Belle wrote and recorded the song "Violence" for the Catherine Hardwicke film Plush
 "February Sun", "How Can I Be Sure", "On TV", "American View", "Before You Leave Me", and "Bedtime Stories" appeared on episodes of Jersey Shore (TV series)
 "How Can I Be Sure" appeared on an episode of United States of Tara
 "Inky Drips", "Privilege", "Before You Leave Me", "How Can I Be Sure", and "February Sun" appeared on episodes of MTV's Friendzone (TV series)
 Belle scored the short film Dark Material
 "American View" appeared on an episode of Roadtrip Nation
 "How Can I Be Sure" appeared on Xbox 360 and computer game Alan Wake
 Belle wrote and recorded original music for Shaun Scott's film Seat of Empire
 "Down" appeared in the film L.A., I Hate You
 "John Q Public" appeared on Microsoft Windows game APB: All Points Bulletin
 "Down" appeared in the independent film Jamie and Jessie Are Not Together
 "February Sun" appeared in the film Todo el Mundo tiene a Alguien Menos Yo ("Everybody's Got Somebody But Me")
 "Unwind" and "How Can I Be Sure" appeared in the film Good Kisser

Notes and references

External links
Anomie Belle official website
Official Facebook
Official YouTube channel
Official SoundCloud
Official Twitter

Living people
American multi-instrumentalists
American electronic musicians
American women in electronic music
American experimental musicians
Trip hop musicians
American women singer-songwriters
Avant-garde singers
20th-century American singer-songwriters
American film score composers
American classical violinists
American women violinists
American women guitarists
Intelligent dance musicians
Postmodern composers
Musicians from Seattle
American LGBT musicians
American LGBT rights activists
Anti-consumerists
Youth empowerment people
Whitman College alumni
Singer-songwriters from Washington (state)
Guitarists from Washington (state)
20th-century American women singers
21st-century American women singers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
Beaverton High School alumni
21st-century classical violinists
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American violinists


In the 1980 Intertoto Cup no knock-out rounds were contested, and therefore no winner was declared.

Group stage
The teams were divided into nine groups of four teams each.

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

Group 6

Group 7

Group 8

Group 9

See also
 1980–81 European Cup
 1980–81 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
 1980–81 UEFA Cup

External links
  by Pawel Mogielnicki

1980
4


Polish Assistance, also known as "Bratnia Pomoc" ("Brotherly Help"), is a charitable foundation based in New York City. It was created to provide financial aid to Polish immigrants, especially the elderly.

History
Polish Assistance (Bratnia Pomoc), founded in 1956, grants financial aid to Polish immigrants, especially the elderly.

In its early stages the group sought to raise funds for Polish immigrants who arrived in the U.S. after World War II (WWII) in order to escape communism. Most of those who were helped were ex-military, former government officials, educators, writers and artists who found it difficult to adapt to their new circumstances in a foreign country.

The nascent organization immediately began to raise funds under the leadership of its founders, Mr. and Mrs. Jan Dembinski. Initially the activity of Polish Assistance consisted of small grants and loans to individuals in need. Eventually, three boarding houses were purchased between 1973 and 1975 in Ocean Grove, New Jersey to accommodate up to two dozen people.. The houses were liquidated between 1992–1998. After the fall of communism in Poland in 1989, another property was purchased near Warsaw, Poland to accommodate those elderly who wanted to return to Poland.  Eventually, the property was donated to a Polish foundation for the blind.

Mission statement
"To provide financial assistance to needy persons of Polish origin; to assist such needy persons in adapting themselves to new economic and social conditions, and to help them to become better integrated in community life; to lend assistance to them in case of illness and distress and voluntarily to help them in any other possible way in case of need; to provide an information center to aid in the fulfillment of the foregoing purposes."

Present activity
Presently, Polish Assistance is focused on assisting needy Polish immigrants in the New York metropolitan area and it is expanding its efforts in Florida as well.  Direct assistance to those in need is given on a monthly basis, usually to supplement low social security payments or to cover extraordinary medical bills.

Polish Assistance is housed in a limestone neo-Renaissance three-story mansion built in 1917 which is owned and occupied by the Kosciuszko Foundation.

Events
One of the main fundraising events for the Polish Assistance is the annual Bal Polonaise that is held in New York City in the Grand Ballroom at the Plaza. The evening begins with the traditional Polonaise dance performed by distinguished guests. Such distinguished guests over the years have included H.S.H. Princess Grace of Monaco, Artur Rubenstein, Helena Rubenstein, and Princess Lucie Shirazee.

Over the years locations included the ballrooms at The Pierre, St. Regis and Sheraton East. Thanks to the maestro pianist Arthur Rubinstein and his wife Nela, the first dance for the benefit of Polish Assistance took place in 1956 at the Park Avenue penthouse of Princess Gourielli, better known in the world of beauty as Helena Rubinstein.

References

External links
The Polish Assistance website

Polish-American organizations
Polish diaspora organizations
Non-profit organizations based in New York City
Foundations based in the United States
Assistance


Rabban may refer to:

 Rabban, a Hebrew title higher than rabbi
 Joseph Rabban, 11th century Jewish merchant in India
 Glossu Rabban, a character from Frank Herbert's Dune (1965)
 Rabban is the Syriac term for monk.

See also
 Raban (disambiguation)

Hebrew-language surnames


Lebu River an important river of the Arauco Province.  It has his sources in the western slope of the Nahuelbuta Range to the east of the city and port of Lebu, capital of the province and named for the river.

The Lebu is formed from the confluence of the Riachuelos of Curanilahue and Pilpilco that meet at the base of that mountain range.  From the confluence  it continues to the west, widening with the flow of the Riachuelos of Quilañanco and Curihuillín, and with several streams that join it from the wooded heights on both of its banks.  It  goes on to empty into the Pacific Ocean at 37° 36' Lat. and 73° 41 ' Lon. after a course of about 100 kilometers until it is below the ford of Cupaño, at the salto de Gualgalén, where this strong torrent of the river that is about 20 kilometers from its mouth meets the upper reach of the tidal estuary.

At the river mouth the coast forms a port or anchorage between the Morro de Tucapel to the south, and the Punta de Millonhue to the north.  Between them extends the bar of the mouth, that only opens the way by a narrow channel.  Above the mouth the river estuary in front of the city is narrow and further up the river is wide and deep. In the upper part of this estuary,  is the location of the old fort of Santa Margarita de Austria.

The name of the river is an alteration of the Mapudungun leufü or leuvu, “river”; and in colonial times a valley of a river, that contained habitations of Indians was called a levo.

As result of the 2010 Chile earthquake a large islet emerged at the mouth of the river. This area was the part of the coast that experience the highest permanent uplift resulting from the earthquake.

References

Sources
 Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga y Cienfuegos,  Diccionario geográfico de la República de Chile (Geographic dictionary of the Republic of Chile), SEGUNDA EDICIÓN CORREGIDA Y AUMENTADA, NUEVA YORK, D. APPLETON Y COMPAÑÍA, 1899.

Lebu River
Rivers of Biobío Region


The contact between Germanic tribes and Romans can be divided into four aspects as defined by archaeologist Are Kolberg: the military, the trade, the gift, and the plunder aspect. All these aspects give probable answers as to how and why Roman objects got into Germanic hands, and why a vast amount of Roman objects still can be found as far north as Norway. It is noteworthy to understand how Roman objects brought elements of Roman culture with them, and how they to some extent shaped Germanic culture and identity.

History

The first contacts happened by the late 2nd century BC, when Roman authors recount that Gaul, Italy and Hispania were invaded by migrating Germanic tribes. This culminated in military conflict with the armies of the Roman Republic, in particular those of the Roman Consul Gaius Marius. Six decades later, Julius Caesar invoked the threat of such attacks as one justification for his annexation of Gaul to Rome.

As Rome expanded to the Rhine and Danube rivers, it incorporated many societies into the Empire. The tribal homelands to the north and east emerged collectively in the records as Germania. The peoples of this area were sometimes at war with Rome, but also engaged in complex and long-term trade relations, military alliances, and cultural exchanges with Rome as well.

The Cimbri and Teutoni incursions into Roman Italy were thrust back in 101 BC. These invasions were written up by Caesar and others as presaging of a Northern danger for the Roman Republic, a danger that should be controlled. In the Augustean period there was—as a result of Roman activity as far as the Elbe River—a first definition of the "Germania magna": from Rhine and Danube in the West and South to the Vistula and the Baltic Sea in the East and North.

Caesar's wars helped establish the term Germania. The initial purpose of the Roman campaigns was to protect Transalpine Gaul by controlling the area between the Rhine and the Elbe. In AD 9, a revolt of their Germanic subjects headed by the supposed Roman ally, Arminius, (along with his decisive defeat of Publius Quinctilius Varus and the destruction of three Roman legions in the surprise attack on the Romans at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest) ended in the withdrawal of the Roman frontier to the Rhine. At the end of the 1st century two provinces west of the Rhine called Germania Inferior and Germania Superior were established. Important medieval cities like Aachen, Cologne, Trier, Mainz, Worms and Speyer were part of these Roman provinces.

North of the Limes Germanicus, there were only trade contacts between Romans and Scandinavia, mainly with Jutes of Denmark. Indeed, the Roman Empire maintained trade-routes and relations with Danish or proto-Danish peoples, as attested by finds of Roman coins. Depletion of cultivated land in the last century BC seems to have contributed to increasing migrations in northern Europe and increasing conflict between Teutonic tribes and Roman settlements in Gaul: Roman artefacts are especially common in finds from the 1st century in Jutland. It seems clear that some part of the Danish warrior-aristocracy served in the Roman army.

Military aspect

Members of different Germanic tribes and communities served in the Roman legions. It's probable that Germanic chieftains who fought with the Romans tried to adapt to and adopt Roman culture, and that they sought to identify with the Roman nobility. In exchange for military service, they received Roman objects, although not Roman weapons as Roman laws prohibited the exporting of arms to Germanic tribes. Germanic tribes who fought against the Romans seized weapons and armor as war spoils.

The Romans probably influenced Germanic military tactics and organisation as well. This can be discerned from the huge Illerup Ådal excavation in Denmark, in which huge amounts of Roman and Roman inspired arms and equipment were found. Many of these were probably produced in Scandinavia; many had Scandinavian "factory seals" after a Roman model. This not only tells us that the Germans did indeed use Roman arms, but it also tells us that they had the required knowledge and social organisation to support large armies, as well as produce standardised arms and equipment.

It has been suggested that the Romans supported and equipped Germanic tribes in the part of Germania, which is today's Denmark. Archaeological sources tell of Roman equipment and arms that have been discovered as far north as Scandinavia. Danish archaeologists Lars Jørgensen, Birger Storgaard and Ulla Lund Hansen have suggested Germano-Roman alliances, in which Romans supported a Germanic power in today's Denmark. According to Jørgensen, this was either to destabilize Scandinavia, or to create a Roman friendly power which could help ensure peace and stability in the border areas.

Ulla Lund Hansen and Birger Storgaard have also suggested that Roman interests in Scandinavia were strong, and that there was direct contact. Storgaard alluded to a text written in accordance with an expedition led by Tiberius in year 5 A.D., in which Tiberius describes what has been interpreted to be Jutland, in Denmark, although this interpretation is based on myth.
Jørgensen points to the Gudme-Lundeborg complex in Denmark. Archaeologists have found Roman coins and scrap metal at Lundeborg, a trading place in relation to this complex.

Trade aspect

The Roman Empire depended on trade in many different ways, such as the import of grain. This was especially the case in the early periods of the Roman Empire. Lynn F. Pitts wrote:

 …At all periods Rome needed to have some kind of relationship, friendly or otherwise, with her neighbours….

It's thus very likely that a lot of the Roman objects found in Scandinavia arrived via trade and trade networks. Grain was a significant commodity in the Roman society.

This trade may have been carried out via already existing trade networks, from the Mediterranean, via Germanic chieftains to Scandinavia. These trade networks may have been established prior to the Roman Empire and suggest a complex and advanced social structure and organisation among the Germanic tribes and societies. Scandinavian amber has been found at Mycene, in Greece.

Gift aspect

Another aspect of Germanic-Romanic inter-relations is the exchange of gifts. Artefacts may have been traded to the Germanics as diplomatic gifts in order to enhance and strengthen alliances, bonds and the likes. Archaeologist Lynn F. Pitts writes about the Roman relationship to the Marcomanni and the Quadi that:

Rome was perhaps concerned to cultivate these Germanic tribes in order to counterbalance […] their neighbours. Diplomacy rather than military strength kept the peace along […] the frontier.

The Roman Empire became increasingly vulnerable as they expanded, thus stretching their military capacity. Pitts go on to write that the Marcomans were a very strong military power, with a standing army of 7000 infantry and 4000 cavalry. It's obvious that the Romans wanted to maintain peaceful relations with certain Germanic tribes, especially towards the end of the Roman Empire, when it became ever increasingly weak. Pitts points out that ”…it is apparent [sic?] that, apart from short periods of hostilities, relations between Rome and the Marcomanni and Quadi were friendly…”.

It became more and more common, as the Roman Empire neared its end, that the Romans paid tribute to Germanic armies who threatened to invade Rome.

Plunder aspect

As the Western Roman Empire collapsed, Germanic tribes reclaimed land taken by the Roman Empire. Thus many Roman objects were obtained, proliferating throughout much of Germania, most likely via the already existing trade networks, all the way to Scandinavia. War spoils may have also added to proliferation of Roman artefacts. This may also explain the high number of Roman arms in Germanic hands, despite the Roman arms embargo. Two silver cups found in a grave in Hoby, in Denmark, are likely to have been war spoils from the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 A.D.

See also
History of Germany
Netherlands in the Roman era

Notes

References

Dobson, Dina P., 1936 Roman Influence in the North, Greece & Rome, Vol. 5, No. 14, p. 73-89, The Classical Association. From Jstore.org.
Granscay, Stephen V., 1949 A Barbarian Chieftain's Helmet, in The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, New Series, Vol. 7, No. 10, p. 272-281, The Metropolitan Museum of Art: New York. From Jstore.org.
Hansen, Ulla Lund, 2001 The nature of centres, i Military Aspects of the Aristocracy in Babaricum  in the Roman and Early Migration Periods: Papers from  an International Research Seminar at the Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, 10–11 December 1999, edited by Birger Storgaard, p. 113-117, Publications from the National Museum: Copenhagen
Hansen, Ulla Lund, Jensen, Xenia Pauli og Jørgensen, Lars 2003 Den germanske hær: krigere, soldater og officerer, in Sejrens triumf, Norden i skyggen af det romerske imperium,  edited  by Lars Jørgensen, Birger Storgaard and Lone Gebauer Thomsen, p. 310-328, Nationalmuseet, Copenhagen.
Ilkjær, Jørgen, 2000 Den første norgeshistorien: Illerupfundet: ny innsikt i skandinavisk romertid, Kunsthistorisk forlag: Tønsberg
Jørgensen, Lars, 2001 The Warriors, Soldiers and Conscripts of the Anthropology in Late Roman and Migration Period Archaeology, in Military Aspects of the Aristocracy in Babaricum in the Roman and Early Migration. Periods: Papers from an International Research Seminar at the Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, 10–11 December 1999, edited by Birger Storgaard, p. 9-19, Publications from the National Museum: Copenhagen.
1991 Våbengrave og krigeraristokrati. Etableringen af en centralmagt på Bornholm i det 6. - 8. årh. e.Kr., in Fra stamme til stat i Danmark: Høvdingesamfund og kongemakt, vol. 2, p. 109-24, Aarhus universitetsforlag: Aarhus
Kolberg, Are Skarstein, 2013. Aspekter ved utveksling mellom Romerriket og Skandinavia i yngre romersk jernalder. Nicolay arkeologisk tidsskrift, Oslo.
Pitts, Lynn F.,1989 Relations between Rome and the German 'Kings' on the middle Danube in the First to Fourth Centuries A.D., in The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 79, p. 45-58, Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies.
Randsborg, Klavs, 1988 Byen, Magten og Jorden: Europa i det første årtusind, in Fra stamme til stat i Danmark: jernalderens stammesamfunn, vol. 1, edited by Peder Mortensen and Birgit M. Rasmussen, p. 9-18, Aarhus universitetsforlag: Århus.
Storgaard, Birger, 2001 Himlingøje - barbarian empire or Roman implantation?, in Military Aspects of the Aristocracy in Babaricum in the Roman and Early Migration Periods: Papers from an International Research Seminar at the Danish National Museum, Copenhagen, 10–11 December 1999, edited by Birger Storgaard, p. 95-107, Publications from the National Museum: Copenhagen.
2003 Kosmopolitiske aristokrater, in Sejrens triumf, Norden i skyggen af det romerske imperium,   edited by Lars Jørgensen, Birger Storgaard and Lone Gebauer Thomsen, p. 106-125, Nationalmuseet, Copenhagen.

Roman
Foreign relations of ancient Rome


HRAFC may refer to:

Harrogate Railway Athletic F.C.
Hawick Royal Albert F.C.


Gay Weddings is a 2002 American reality television series that aired on Bravo. The series, created by openly gay producers Kirk Marcolina and Douglas Ross, followed two lesbian and two gay couples as they prepared for their wedding ceremonies. Each episode combined interview footage of the individual couples and their families and friends with footage of the various couples going through their wedding planning activities along with video diaries from the couples themselves.

Couples
 Sonja, 39, emergency room supervisor and Lupe, 32, marketing representative. Sonja has a son, Brandon, from a previous relationship. He is supportive of their relationship but they are nervous about telling him about the ceremony.
 Harley, 28, sales and Scott, 32, consultant. Harley and Scott are marrying in Puerto Vallarta because that is where they first got together.
 Dale, 32, entertainment lawyer and Eve, 30, graduate film student. Dale feels that her family doesn't support her marrying a woman whereas they would were she marrying a man.
 Dan, 37, film studio global marketing executive and Gregg, 35, vice-president of an LGBT travel company. They fell in love while on a safari to Africa that Gregg organized.

Episodes

Reception
LGBT-interest magazine The Advocate described Gay Weddings as "deliciously gripping". MetroWeekly out of Washington, D.C. dissented, saying that the series "is not [a] stellar example of reality TV" and that it "has a cheap, thrown together on-the-fly feel".

Bravo aired the complete eight-part series on January 26, 2003, as counterprogramming to Super Bowl XXXVII. The ratings success of the marathon led Bravo to develop additional LGBT-interest programming, including the very successful Queer Eye and the gay dating show Boy Meets Boy.

With the success of the first season, the production company advertised for couples to appear in a second season of the program. However, no second season was produced. Bravo has no plans to revive the series.

Controversy
During the series' September 2 premiere, Bravo inadvertently ran a commercial for "family restaurant" chain Applebee's during Gay Weddings, despite Applebee's having asked not to have its advertising placed in the series. Right-wing advocacy group Focus on the Family criticized Applebee's as an advertiser. Bravo acknowledged that the ad was placed in error and no additional Applebee's ads ran during the series. The LGBT media advocacy organization Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation called Applebee's request not to have its ads run during Gay Weddings disappointing and suggested that Applebee's ran a risk of alienating a significant customer base.

Notes

References
 Engstrom, Erika. "The 'Reality' of Reality Television Wedding Programs". Based on Engstrom's "Hegemony in Reality-Based TV Programming: The World According to A Wedding Story (Media Report to Women (2003) 31(1) 10–14) and "Hegemony and Counterhegemony in Bravo's Gay Weddings (Popular Culture Review (2004) 15(2) 34–35). Collected as chapter 13 in Galician, Mary-Lou and Debra L. Merskin (2007). Critical Thinking about Sex, Love, and Romance in the Mass Media: Media Literacy Applications. Routledge. .  pp. 335–53.
 Jordan, Mark D. (2005). Blessing Same-sex Unions: The Perils of Queer Romance and the Confusions of Christian Marriage. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. .

External links
 Gay Weddings on Internet Movie Database

2000s American LGBT-related television series
Bravo (American TV network) original programming
2000s American reality television series
2002 American television series debuts
2002 American television series endings
English-language television shows
2000s LGBT-related reality television series
Same-sex marriage in television
Television series by Evolution Film & Tape
American dating and relationship reality television series


The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia is an astronomy website, founded in Paris, France at the Meudon Observatory by Jean Schneider in February 1995, which maintains a database of all the currently known and candidate extrasolar planets, with individual pages for each planet and a full list interactive catalog spreadsheet. The main catalogue comprises databases of all of the currently confirmed extrasolar planets as well as a database of unconfirmed planet detections. The databases are frequently updated with new data from peer-reviewed publications and conferences.

In their respective pages, the planets are listed along with their basic properties, including the year of planet's discovery, mass, radius, orbital period, semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination, longitude of periastron, time of periastron, maximum time variation, and time of transit, including all error range values.

The individual planet data pages also contain the data on the parent star, including name, distance in parsecs, spectral type, effective temperature, apparent magnitude, mass, radius, age, and celestial coordinates (Right Ascension and Declination). Even when they are known, not all of these figures are listed in the interactive spreadsheet catalog, and many missing planet figures that would simply require the application of  Kepler's third law of motion are left blank. Most notably absent on all pages is a star's luminosity.

As of June 2011, the catalog includes objects up to 25 Jupiter masses, an increase on the previous inclusion criteria of 20 Jupiter masses.
As of 2016 this limit was increased to 60 Jupiter masses based on a study of mass–density relationships.

See also
NASA Exoplanet Archive
Exoplanet Data Explorer

References

External links

Astronomy websites
Exoplanet catalogues
Astronomical databases
20th-century encyclopedias
French websites
Paris Observatory


WriteOnline is an online word processor from Crick Software that incorporates writing support tools and is designed for schools and colleges.

Features
WriteOnline is a WYSIWYG, page-view word processor which includes software speech, word prediction, Wordbars and a graphic organiser.

WriteOnline includes features to make it accessible for users with visual impairments, and also includes a switch accessible onscreen keyboard for users unable to use a standard keyboard.

WriteOnline is a Java application. It is available in UK English and US English.

See also
 Word processors
 List of word processors

References
 The Guardian, December 2007
 Java Dukes Choice Awards 2008
 English Speaking Union President's Award 2008
 Educational Resources Awards 2009

External links
 WriteOnline product page

Assistive technology


Women's football is not as popular in Brazil as men's football, although it has increased in popularity since the 2000s.

History
Due to strong and continuing social stigma, Brazilian society only minimally supports women's football. There is a sexist belief in the country that football is not a sport for women. It was illegal for women to play football in Brazil from 1941 to 1979. Until recently, the country lacked a national women's league, organizing only state competitions because there was limited financial interest and support for the women's game. The Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino was first played in 2007. In 2013, a nationwide league, the Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Feminino Série A1, was officially started and became the country's premier women's domestic competition, helping to increase the quality of Brazilian women's football. Despite all issues, Brazilian clubs have won most editions of the Copa Libertadores Femenina (11).

Women's football in Brazil only recently became more popular. During the 20th century, women were discouraged from playing "masculine" sports such as football and told they should focus more on aesthetic sports such as gymnastics. The health experts in Brazil at the time even claimed that females playing these sports were at risk of becoming homosexual. At a very young age, young boys were taught to be strong while girls were taught how to become better mothers. Women were often bullied for playing football and forced to leave fields in order to make more time for men to play. Despite the social challenges, women still continued to play football as officials worried about the masculinization of the female body and how detrimental that would be to their society. These fears sparked President Getúlio Vargas to organize a national sports council to establish sports guidelines. The council proceeded to ban women from playing any aggressive sports such as football due to health precautions. Many female players resisted this ban; Primavera FC continued to play up until they ran out of funding and resources. This law was not strictly upheld as some women continued to play. In the 1970's women's football was gaining popularity across the world; this inspired several feminist protests in Brazil. Eventually the ban on women's football in Brazil was finally lifted in 1983 influenced by the Union of European Football Associations.

The best players, such as Marta and Cristiane, were accidentally discovered and directly invited to play in the Brazil national team. In recent years, the national team contested World Cup finals and Olympics gold medals, increasing the popularity of TV broadcasts for those tournaments. However, this was not sufficient to stimulate the footballing culture among women who prefer to support men's football over women's. Brazil has developed a major rivalry with the United States women's national soccer team.

In 2014 FIFA World Cup held in their nation, Brazilian men's team had made a serious disappointment after only gaining fourth place. This created a huge support for the women's team with hopes that they could gain the title in the women's tournament of 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, although Brazil failed to advance from the round of 16.

From 2020, Brazilian female footballers will receive equal pay, a major step in the development of women's football in the nation.

Current system
 Série A
 Série A2
 Série A3

Domestic cups
 Copa do Brasil (discontinued)
 Supercopa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino

State championships
 Rio de Janeiro
 São Paulo

State cups
 São Paulo

See also
Football in Brazil
Brazil women's national football team
Bans of women's association football

References


Edward Sheffield Bartholomew (1822 - May 2, 1858) was a noted American sculptor active in Italy.

Bartholomew was born in Colchester, Connecticut. After apprenticeships as a bookbinder and dentist, his first employment was as a dentist in Hartford, but he soon abandoned it for painting and (after learning that he was color-blind) sculpture. In 1844 he studied at the National Academy of Design's antique class in New York City, from 1845-1848 directed the Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, contracting a severe case of smallpox circa 1847, then studied for another year in the National Academy of Design and sailed for Europe. From 1851 onwards he lived in Rome and died in Naples of bronchitis.

Bartholomew is known for his bas reliefs, marble busts and statues, and medallions in the neo-classical style. His earliest recorded work is a medallion of poet Lydia Sigourney (1847). Among his best-known works are Blind Homer Led by the Genius of Poetry (1851, now in the Metropolitan Museum), Eve, Campagna Shepherd Boy (Peabody Institute), Genius of Painting, Youth and Old Age, Evening Star, Eve Repentant (Wadsworth Atheneum), Washington and Flora, A Monument to Charles Carroll (near Baltimore), Bellsarius at the Porta Pincinia, and Ganymede. Many of his works are now held by the Wadsworth Atheneum.

References

 Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson and John Fiske, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887–1889
 David Bernard Dearinger, Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design, Vol. 1 : 1826-1926, Hudson Hills, 2004, page 27. .
 Susan Underwood Crane, "Edward Sheffield Bartholomew", Connecticut Quarterly, v. 2, July–September 1896, pages 202-214.
 William G. Wendell, "Edward Sheffield Bartholomew", Wadsworth Atheneum Bulletin, 5th series, Winter 1962, pages 1–18.
 AskArt entry
 Metropolitan Museum: Blind Homer Led by the Genius of Poetry

1822 births
1858 deaths
People from Colchester, Connecticut
19th-century American sculptors
American male sculptors
Artists from Hartford, Connecticut
American expatriates in Italy
Sculptors from Connecticut
19th-century American male artists
Deaths from bronchitis


Steinaker State Park is a state park and reservoir of Utah, USA, located  north of Vernal in Uintah County, Utah, United States.

Steinaker State Park opened to the public in 1964. It lies at an elevation of  in northeastern Utah, south of the Uinta Mountains. The climate is arid with hot summers and cold winters. Plant life at the park includes juniper, cacti, and sagebrush. Wildlife includes badgers, bobcats, coyotes, deer, and rabbits. Birds include golden eagles, hawks, bluebirds, vultures, owls, and osprey.

Steinaker State Park is named for John Steinaker, a member of a pioneer family of the region.

Park facilities
Steinaker is popular for swimming, fishing, boating, and waterskiing. Year-round park facilities include a sand beach, boat launching ramp, restrooms, 31 RV campsites, two group-use pavilions, and sewage disposal, and fish cleaning stations. Nearby attractions include Dinosaur National Monument, Flaming Gorge National Recreation Area, and Red Fleet and Utah Field House of Natural History state parks.

Steinaker Dam
Steinaker Dam  is a ,  earthfill dam. The reservoir is fed by Ashley Creek and is part of the CUP-Vernal Unit project. It was constructed between 1959 and 1962.

References

External links

 Steinaker State Park

Protected areas established in 1964
Protected areas of Uintah County, Utah
State parks of Utah
Reservoirs in Utah
Lakes of Uintah County, Utah
Buildings and structures in Uintah County, Utah


The Mississippi Canyon is an undersea canyon, part of the Mississippi Submarine Valley in the North-central Gulf of Mexico, south of Louisiana. According to the U.S. Geological Survey GLORIA Mapping Program, it is the dominant feature of the north-central Gulf of Mexico. According to GCAGS Transactions, it has an average width of , and a length of .  The US Minerals Management Service (MMS) applies the name Mississippi Canyon to numbered federal oil and gas lease blocks over a large offshore area centered on, but mostly outside, the submarine canyon.

Oil and gas exploration and production
According to "Deepwater Gulf of Mexico 2004: America's Expanding Frontier", a report issued by the Minerals Management Service (MMS) Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, of the ten deepwater discoveries in water depths greater than 7,000 ft (2,134 m), three were in the Mississippi Canyon area: Aconcagua project, area/block MC305,  deep; and Camden Hills project, MC348,  deep, both discovered in 1999; and Blind Faith project, MC696,  deep, discovered in 2001. In a separate section of the same report, note is made of acreage in the Thunder Horse project, MC778, acquired in 1988. Other projects noted for Mississippi Canyon include Thunder Horse areas/blocks MC775-778 and MC819-822, listed as completed grid PEA (programmatic environmental assessment) by BP.

An MMS list of 80 development systems of productive deepwater Gulf of Mexico projects from 1979 to 2003 includes 29 projects in the Mississippi Canyon area:

Five of the top 20 deepwater Gulf of Mexico production blocks for 2000-01 were in the Mississippi Canyon, including the top 2: Project Mars,  deep,  of oil equivalent (BOE); project Ursa,  deep,  of BOE; project Mensa, ,  of BOE; Cognac, ,  of BOE; Crosby, ,  of BOE, all managed by Shell.

Deepwater Horizon explosion
On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig, located in the MMS Mississippi Canyon block 252, which is about  off the Louisiana coast, suffered a catastrophic explosion; it sank a day-and-a-half later. Although initial reports indicated that relatively little oil had leaked, by April 27 it was stated by BP that approximately  of oil per day were issuing from the wellhead,  below the surface on the ocean floor. The resulting oil slick quickly expanded to cover hundreds of square miles of ocean surface, posing a threat to marine life and adjacent coastal wetlands.  On June 10, the Flow Rate Group from the Deepwater Horizon Incident Joint Information Center  reported that they have determined that the estimated flow rate from the out of control well head has been  to  per day.

See also
 Offshore oil and gas in the US Gulf of Mexico

References

External links
 Gulf of Mexico GLORIA geology interpretation Page Contact Information: O'Malley, J., usgs.gov
 Formation of the Mississippi Canyon, GCAGS Transactions, Volume 32 (1982) (from Abstract) Coleman, J. M., D. B. Prior.
 Wonders of ocean life counted in massive census

Submarine canyons of the Gulf of Mexico


DTFC may refer to one of the following association football clubs:

In England:
Cannons Wood F.C., formerly named DTFC
Darlaston Town F.C.
Daventry Town F.C.
Deal Town F.C.
Dereham Town F.C.
Desborough Town F.C.
Devizes Town F.C.
Didcot Town F.C.
Dinnington Town F.C.
Desborough Town F.C.
Diss Town F.C.
Dorchester Town F.C.
Downham Town F.C.
Dudley Town F.C.
Dunstable Town F.C.
Dronfield Town F.C.

In Scotland:
Dalkeith Thistle F.C.
Dalry Thistle F.C.

In New Zealand:
Dunedin Technical F.C.


"By hook or by crook" is an English phrase meaning "by any means necessary".

By hook or by crook may also refer to:

Films
 By Hook or Crook (film) -1918 American silent comedy film.
 I Dood It - 1943 musical comedy film known by its UK title of By Hook or by Crook.
 Hook a Crook - 1955 American short film.
 By Hook or by Crook (1980 film) - a Hong Kong kung fu film.
 By Hook or by Crook (2001 film) - an American queer buddy film.
 Ek Aur Ek Gyarah: By Hook or by Crook - 2003 Hindi comedy film by Indian director David Dhawan.

TV Episodes

 By Hook or Crook - The 1984 10th episode of season 8 of the American romantic comedy drama The Love Boat.
 By Hook or Crook - The 1993 54th episode of season 9 of the British police procedural The Bill
 By Hook or Crook - The 1995 18th episode of season 2 of the American coming-of-age sitcom Boy Meets World.
 .By Hook or Crook - The 2018 7th episode of season 9 of the American police procedural Blue Bloods.

Books
 American title of the 1946 novel The Spinster's Secret by Anthony Gilbert
 By Hook or by Crook; A Journey in Search of English - a 2007 book by British linguist David Crystal.

Music

 By Hook or by Crook - A 1988 single by American R&B singer Marv Johnson.
 By Hook or by Crook - A 2010 album by English folk band The Bad Shepherds.

Board Games
 Hoity Toity - a multiplayer board game known in the US as By Hook or by Crook.

See also

 By any means necessary - A similar phase
 Shepherd's crook - A type of stick that is part of one of the theories on where the phase originates.
 Pyecombe hook - A type of Shepherd's crook crafted in the English village of Pyecombe in Sussex.


Klamath Falls station is a train station in Klamath Falls, Oregon, served by Amtrak's Coast Starlight.   Located at 1600 Oak Avenue, the station building has a waiting room with a ticket agent. Klamath Falls is the southernmost station in Oregon. Via bus connections, it serves a large swath of southwestern Oregon, including Medford.

The Klamath Falls depot was built in 1916 for the Southern Pacific Railroad. It is composed of dark grey random ashlar walls with staggered light stone trim highlighting the windows and doors. A hipped roof with deep eaves supported by brackets protects passengers from inclement weather. Renovations that took place in 1999–2000 focused on the restrooms, ticket counter and entryways; new carpet and cabinets were also installed.

References

External links

Amtrak stations in Oregon
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1909
Transportation buildings and structures in Klamath County, Oregon
1909 establishments in Oregon
Former Southern Pacific Railroad stations in Oregon


Han Huang () (723 – March 17, 787), courtesy name Taichong (太沖), formally Duke Zhongsu of Jin (晉忠肅公), was a Chinese economist and politician of the Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of the Emperor Dezong. He was praised by traditional historians for his frugality and personal integrity, but blamed for being overly harsh and cruel in his governance.

Background
Han Huang was born in 723, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong.  His family was from the Tang dynasty capital Chang'an and traced its ancestry to the royal house of the Warring States period state Han.  It also claimed, as ancestors, a line of officials during the Han dynasty, Jin dynasty (266–420), Northern Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou, Sui dynasty, and Tang.  His father Han Xiu was an important official early during the middle of Emperor Xuanzong's reign and briefly served as chancellor in 733.  He had at least five older brothers – Han Hao (), Han Qia (), Han Hong (), Han Huan (), and Han Hong (韓汯, note different character than his other brother) – and at least three younger brothers – among whom were Han Hun () and Han Hui ().  Han Huang himself was said to be firm and studious in his youth.  Because of his heritage, he was made an officer in the imperial guards early.

In 755, the general An Lushan rebelled at Fanyang, and by summer 756 the armies of his new state of Yan were approaching Chang'an, forcing Emperor Xuanzong to flee.  After Chang'an fell to Yan forces, Yan forces tried to force Han Hao to serve in the Yan administration.  Han Hao, Han Hong (), Han Hong (), Han Huang, and Han Hun tried to flee Chang'an and join Emperor Xuanzong's crown prince Li Heng, who would be proclaimed emperor at Lingwu (as Emperor Suzong).  However, Han Hao, Han Hong () and his four sons, and Han Hun were captured by Yan forces and executed although Han Hong () and Han Huang were able to get away.  Emperor Suzong honored the Han family members who were killed with posthumous honors.

During Emperor Suzong's reign
Early in the Zhide era (756–758) of Emperor Suzong, Deng Jingshan () the military governor (Jiedushi) of Qingqi Circuit (青齊, headquartered in modern Weifang, Shandong) invited Han Huang to be his secretary and the military commander of the militia of Qingqi's capital Beihai Commandery.  However, with the realm engulfed in warfare at the time, Han was not able to report to Qingqi, and he fled to Shannan Circuit (山南, headquartered in modern Hanzhong, Shaanxi).  The surveyor of Shannan, Li Chengzhao (), had Han serve as his secretary.  Subsequently, when Deng was moved to Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu), he again asked for Han to serve on his staff, but before Han could report to Huainan, he was recalled to Chang'an, then again under Tang control, to serve as Dianzhong Shiyushi (), a low-level imperial censor.  However, Han Hong () had offended the chancellor Wang Yu by failing to praise Wang with grand words when drafting the edict promoting Wang, and therefore, after Wang became chancellor in 758, he retaliated by putting the Han brothers in positions with no power.  After Wang was removed from his chancellor position in 759, the popular opinion was that they had been unfairly treated, and Han Huang thereafter successively served as Sibu Yuanwailang (), a low-level official at the ministry of rites (禮部, Lǐbu); Kaogong Yuanwailang (), and then Lìbu Yuanwailang (), both low-level officials at the ministry of civil service affairs (吏部, Lìbu, note different tone than the ministry of rites).  It was said that Han Huang was capable at evaluating officials and strong in character, and during the five years he served as Libu Yuanwailang, he paid great attention to detail and knew the records well.

During Emperor Daizong's reign
During the Dali era (766–779) of Emperor Suzong's son Emperor Daizong, Han Huang was promoted to be Libu Langzhong (), who supervised the Libu Yuanwailang, as well as imperial attendant (給事中, Jishizhong). At that time, there was an incident where Wei Dang (), the magistrate of Fuping County (富平, near Chang'an) was assassinated. After the assassins were captured, it was discovered that they were members of the Northern Army (), under the command of the powerful eunuch Yu Chao'en. Yu sought a pardon for them on account of their military abilities, but Han Huang submitted a secret petition opposing Yu's request, and the assassins were executed. Han was thereafter made Shangshu You Cheng (), one of the secretaries general of the executive bureau of government (尚書省, Shangshu Sheng). In 770, he was put in charge of selecting officials for the ministry of defense (兵部, Bingbu). In 771, he was made the deputy minister of census (戶部侍郎, Hubu Shilang) and put in charge of the economic affairs for the western half of the empire, replacing Diwu Qi. At that time, the imperial treasury was drained due to wars and corruption. Once Han was in charge, he concentrated on details and stamped out corruption, and whenever he found corruption in his subordinates or in local official, he sought to punish them harshly. Further, by that point, there had been reduced instances of Tufan and Huige incursions and several straight good harvests, and therefore the imperial treasury was able to be replenished. However, it was also said that Han was cruel, unrelenting in his pursuit of money, and stripping all the revenues he could find. As a result, he drew much resentment.

In fall 777, major rainstorms fell on the western parts of the empire. Many of the salt pools at Hezhong Municipality (河中, in modern Yuncheng, Shanxi) were damaged, but Han, not willing to exempt the taxes from the households in charge of the salt pools, submitted a report claiming that the pools not only were not damaged, but there was an unusual kind of salt being formed that showed good fortune. Emperor Daizong doubted this, and sent the officials Jiang Zhen () to examine the salt pools. Jiang, after return from Hezhong, confirmed Han's report, and further requested that a shrine be established to celebrate the divine blessing. Emperor Dezong agreed, but this was viewed by popular sentiment as a major scandal at the time. Around the same time, Li Gan () the mayor of Jingzhao Municipality (京兆, i.e., the Chang'an region) submitted a report stating that the fields of Jingzhao were being heavily damaged. Han, again fearing tax exemptions, stated that there was no damage. One of Li's subordinates, Liu Zao () the magistrate of Weinan County (渭南, in modern Weinan, Shaanxi), wanted to ingratiate Han, and therefore submitted a report claiming no damage. The imperial censor Zhao Ji () also confirmed this report, but Emperor Daizong became suspicious and sent another censor, Zhu Ao (), to reexamine, and Zhu pointed out that much damage was being incurred. Emperor Daizong exiled Liu and Zhao, but did not punish Han.

During Emperor Dezong's reign
In 779, Emperor Daizong died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Dezong.  Emperor Dezong had heard about Han Huang's harshness, and therefore stripped him of his financially related responsibilities and made him the minister of worship (太常卿, Taichang Qing), transferring his responsibilities to Liu Yan.  He then sent Han out of Chang'an to serve as the prefect of Jin Prefecture (晉州, in modern Linfen, Shanxi).  Later in the year, he made Han the prefect of Su Prefecture (蘇州, in modern Suzhou, Jiangsu) and governor (觀察使, Guanchashi) of Zhejiang Circuit ().  In 781, he made Han the prefect of Run Prefecture (潤州, in modern Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) and military governor (Jiedushi) of Zhenhai Circuit (鎮海, i.e., same area as Zhejiang Circuit).  It was said that Han was an effective governor, and that he comforted the people and balanced the taxes.  However, it was also said that he was harsh, and that whenever local minor officials – often members of strong local clans – committed crimes, he would execute them without mercy, believing that by doing so he would be stamping out potential rebellions against his rule.  For the same reason, eh also banned the slaughtering of cattle, under the rationale that beef and wine were often used at feasts that were preludes to rebellions.  He also executed large numbers of people due to allegations of crimes without certainty of their guilt, leading to much terror in the region.

In 783, due to Zhu Ci's rebellion, Emperor Dezong fled from Chang'an to Fengtian (奉天, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi).  With the empire thrown into confusion, Han trained his soldiers in preparation of war, and he also sent soldiers to aid the campaign against another rebel, Li Xilie, who had declared himself the emperor of Chu.  His soldiers were instrumental in aiding the general Liu Qia () in recapturing Bian Prefecture (汴州, in modern Kaifeng, Henan) from Li Xilie.  He also prohibited people from entering and exiting Zhenhai Circuit and built fortresses (including rebuilding Shitou) and fleets, under the rationale that if Emperor Dezong decided to evacuate the Chang'an region and flee to the Yangtze River region like what occurred with the Jin dynasty (266–420), Zhenhai could become the emperor's base for recovery, and also to defend against potential attacks by Li Xilie's one-time ally Chen Shaoyou (), the military governor of neighboring Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu).  This, however, led to suspicions that he was intending to rule Zhenhai as an effective independent realm.  Meanwhile, though, because he was shipping supplies to Emperor Dezong, Emperor Dezong awarded him the title of Duke of Nanyang.  Emperor Dezong was suspicious of Han's intentions.  However, by 784, after Zhu's rebellion was defeated, with the Chang'an region stricken by a serious famine, at the persuasion of his key advisor Li Mi, he alleviated Han's apprehension by sending Han's son Han Gao () to Zhenhai to request that he send food supplies as soon as possible.  In response, Han sent a large supply of rice, causing Emperor Dezong to be very happy with him.  His trust in Han was further enhanced when Chen died later in the year, and Han was able to dissuade Chen's subordinate Wang Shao () from starting a disturbance to take over Huainan.  He gave Han the honorary chancellor designation Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi () and put him in charge of the Yangtze-Huai River supply system.  Han was created the Duke of Zheng, and later his title was changed to Duke of Jin.

In 786, Han headed to Chang'an to pay homage to Emperor Dezong – and ultimately, he would remain there until his death, even though he retained the title of military governor of Zhenhai as well.  As he went through Bian Prefecture, he also persuaded Liu Qia, whose name had been changed to Liu Xuanzuo (), to go to Chang'an to pay homage to the emperor as well, by means of making large payments to both Liu and his army.  Once he arrived at Chang'an, he began to exercise actual chancellor authorities, and he attacked the official Yuan Xiu (), whom the chancellor Cui Zao had put in charge of financial affairs for improprieties.  With Emperor Dezong particularly happy about the large shipments of supplies that Han was shipping from Zhenhai to Chang'an, he put Han again in charge of the financial affairs.  In late 786, he tried to defuse the tension between the major general Li Sheng, with him he was friendly, and Zhang Yanshang, by holding feasts (along with Liu Xuanzuo) for them and asking them to be sworn brothers.  He also supported Li Sheng's advocacy for military action against Tufan.

Meanwhile, it was said that Han was so trusted by Emperor Dezong that he had the greatest authority among chancellors.  He was also described to be so harsh that he would even batter minor officials to death within the office of the chancellors.  Fellow chancellor Liu Hun, whom he had recommended, sternly spoke to him about this, and thereafter, it was said that Han was embarrassed and curbed his ways slightly.  He died in spring 787 and was buried with great honors.

Notes and references

 Old Book of Tang, vol. 129.
 New Book of Tang, vol. 126.
 Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 224, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232.

723 births
787 deaths
Chancellors under Emperor Dezong of Tang
Economists from Shaanxi
Tang dynasty economists
Tang dynasty jiedushi of Zhenhai Circuit


The  Military Intelligence Civilian Excepted Career Program or MICECP, is a Department of the Army Headquarters career management program administered by the US Army Field Support Center of the US Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM). The Military Intelligence Civilian Excepted Career Program is tasked with recruiting, training and developing a dedicated civilian intelligence workforce to conduct sensitive intelligence and counterintelligence operations missions worldwide. The program operates from Fort George G. Meade, Maryland.

Military Intelligence Civilian Excepted Career Program members, are actively recruited, trained, and assigned to conduct highly specialized operational intelligence functions within the Army, as Intelligence Operations Specialists. Members must agree to a mobility agreement and be willing to be assigned and reassigned according to the needs of the program. Positions filled by MICECP employees may require competency in any one or more of the following fields: Foreign Counterintelligence, counterintelligence investigations, collection, analysis, production, Force Protection, Target Exploitation (TAREX), Human Intelligence (HUMINT) operations, counterintelligence force protection source operations (CFSO), liaison, intelligence support, staff management, technical intelligence disciplines, support to special mission units/special operations forces (SMU/SOF), foreign languages, technology protection, and advice and assistance.

Sources

Intel program can prep soldiers for post-service career https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2015/11/02/intel-program-can-prep-soldiers-for-post-service-career/
United States Army projects
Military recruitment
Military intelligence


The Montrose School House is a historic school building located in Montgomery County, Maryland, in North Bethesda, south of the city of Rockville. It is a one-story, rectangular, hip-roofed building of frame construction with a pebble-dash finish.  It is the best-preserved of the six functional school buildings constructed in Montgomery County around 1910.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

External links

, including photo   from 1975, at Maryland Historical Trust

National Register of Historic Places in Montgomery County, Maryland
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
School buildings completed in 1909
Defunct schools in Maryland
1909 establishments in Maryland
Buildings and structures in Montgomery County, Maryland


"This Here Giraffe" is a song by American Psychedelic rock group The Flaming Lips. The song was released as a single from their 1995 album Clouds Taste Metallic.

The single was released exclusively in the UK on two CDs through Warner Bros. Records. It was accompanied by a music video directed by Sofia Coppola. The CD is notable because it was produced in the shape of a star.

In February 2015, it was played live alongside all the songs from the album at First Avenue for the first and only time ever.

Track listings
CD 1
"This Here Giraffe"
"Jets Part 2" (live Peel Session version - recorded 1992)
"Life on Mars" (Written by David Bowie) (live Peel Session version - recorded 1992)

CD 2 (star-shaped)
"This Here Giraffe"
"The Sun" (live Peel Session version - recorded 1992)
"Hit Me Like You Did the First Time" (live Peel Session version - recorded 1992)

Chart positions

1996 singles
The Flaming Lips songs
Songs written by Michael Ivins
Songs written by Steven Drozd
Songs written by Wayne Coyne
1995 songs
Warner Records singles


Westlane Secondary School is a Canadian public secondary school located in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. It serves the Lundy's Lane area, and is part of the District School Board of Niagara. , it had 669 students. In the Fraser Institute's Report Card on Ontario's Secondary Schools 2011, the school was ranked 351 out of 727 secondary schools in Ontario with an overall rating of 6.3 out of 10.

Its campus contains a football/rugby and soccer field, along with a baseball diamond. The building includes one full newly renovated gymnasium and a half-gym with multiple changing rooms with showers, a weight room, an elevator, and a 500-seat cafeteria.

Westlane's feeder schools are James Morden Public School, Forestview Public School, Greendale Public School, K.S. Durdan Public School and Orchard Park Public School.

Notable graduates of the school are Grammy-nominated electronic music producer deadmau5 (Joel Thomas Zimmerman) and Jim Martyn, play by play announcer and Canadian Motorsports Hall Of Fame 2021 inductee; (American Lemans Series, IMSA Radio, Canadian Tire Motorsports Park, Sebring International Raceway, IMSA Radio).

Technology Department
Westlane Technology Education encompasses the total program at all levels from grade nine through grade twelve. Students are exposed to and develop skills in the areas of Communication, Electronics, Electricity, Videography, Integrated Technology, Tech Design, Construction, Manufacturing, and Transportation. Westlane Technology Department

FIRST Robotics
Team # 1503 is a part of Westlane Secondary School's extra curriculum. Students from grades 9-12 are members of the team. Westlane Robotics

Mock Trial Team
The Mock Trial team was established in 2004. Students compete in extra-curricular tournaments supervised by the Ontario Bar Association. Students prepare a case as both Crown and Defence counsel. The Westlane Mock Trial Team won the District School Board Mock Trial Tournament in 2006, 2007, and 2008. They have finished in the semi-finals or better that the South-Central Ontario Regional Tournament since 2006.

Athletics
The Westlane Spartans are known for their excellent athletic programs, most notably their basketball, football, rugby, volleyball, and soccer teams. They have produced several OFSAA and SOSSA champions in rugby, basketball, downhill skiing, soccer and cross-country. Westlane Athletics

Men's Football
The Westlane Spartans are currently members of Niagara Varsity Division 1. This league consists of twelve teams. In 2008, the Spartans record was 6-2. Although the program is currently on the rise, Westlane was a dominant football team in the 1990s. Westlane football were league champions in 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1997, and 2019. Spartan Football Website

Men's Rugby
The Westlane Spartans Sr. won SOSSA AAA/AAAA in rugby 1998 and Jr. won SOSSA in 1994 and 2004. From the esteemed rugby alumni comes Ray Barkwill Canadian Rugby player.

David Langhorne Fitness Centre
The fitness centre at Westlane is open to the student population, along with the Physical Education Department. The Fitness centre was constructed, designed and funded by the staff at Westlane, most notably Mr. M. Mancuso, who is currently the Director of Phys. Ed.Langhorne Photo Gallery

See also
List of high schools in Ontario

References

External links

High schools in the Regional Municipality of Niagara
Buildings and structures in Niagara Falls, Ontario
1960 establishments in Ontario
Educational institutions established in 1960