Al-Hafiz Hamzah (born 15 March 1984) is a former Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.

Club career

Kedah FA
He was a product of Kedah's youth system (President Cup team), and started in the junior squad during the 2002 season, but it was not until 2004 that he debuted in the senior side, replacing Megat Amir Faisal Al Khalidi Ibrahim.

In 2004, where Malaysian football was introduced with the Malaysia Super League, Al-Hafiz became a second choice goalkeeper behind Megat Amir Faisal after Mirandinha brought him into the senior squad. However, he had been given a chance and made his debut in the first league match against Selangor Public Bank FC on 14 February 2004 after Megat Amir Faisal had a serious back injury during the pre-season preparations.

USM FC
Al-Hafiz joined Premier league side, USM FC, in the 2012 season.

Johor Darul Takzim FC
Al-Hafiz joined the star-studded squad, Johor Darul Takzim F.C., in 2013, after USM FC management cited financial difficulties as the reason for the decision to pull out of the Malaysia Premier League. He got off to a mixed start for the 2013 season but managed to cement his place as a first-choice goalkeeper throughout the season.

Honours

Club honours
Johor Darul Takzim
 Malaysian Charity Shield: 2015 Winner
 Malaysia Super League (2): 2014, 2015
 2014 Malaysia Cup: Runner Up
 2013 Malaysia FA Cup: Runner Up

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Malaysian men's footballers
Footballers from Kedah
Kedah Darul Aman F.C. players
Johor Darul Ta'zim F.C. players
Malaysia Super League players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Malaysian people of Malay descent


Taurolidine is an antimicrobial that is used to prevent infections in catheters. Side effects and the induction of bacterial resistance is uncommon. It is also being studied as a treatment for cancer.

It is derived from the endogenous amino acid derivative taurine. The putative method of action involves the metabolism of taurolidine to taurinamide and ultimately taurine and water, liberating methylol groups that chemically react with the mureins in the bacterial cell wall and with the amino and hydroxyl groups of endotoxins and exotoxins. This reaction denatures the endotoxins and complex polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide components of the bacterial cell wall and inactivates susceptible exotoxins.

Medical uses
Taurolidine is an antimicrobial agent used in an effort to prevent catheter infections. It however is not approved for this use in the United States as of 2011.

 Catheter lock solution in home parenteral nutrition (HPN) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN): catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) remains the most common serious complication associated with long-term parenteral nutrition. The use of taurolidine as a catheter lock solution shows a reduction of CRBSI. The overall quality of the evidence however is not strong enough to justify routine use.
 Catheter lock solution: Taurolidine decreases the adherence of bacteria and fungi to host cells by destructing the fimbriae and flagella and thus prevent the biofilm formation. Taurolidine is the active ingredient of antimicrobial catheter lock solutions for the prevention and treatment of catheter related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) and is suitable for use in all catheter based vascular access devices. Bacterial resistance against taurolidine has never been observed in various studies.
 The use of a taurolidine lock solution may decrease the risk of catheter infection in children with cancer but the evidence is tentative.

Side effects
No systemic side effects have been identified. The safety of taurolidine has also been confirmed in clinical studies with long-term intravenous administration of high doses (up to 20 grams daily). In the body, taurolidine is metabolized rapidly via the metabolites taurultam and methylol taurinamide, which also have a bactericidal action, to taurine, an endogenous aminosulphonic acid, carbon dioxide and water. Therefore, no toxic effects are known or expected in the event of accidental injection. Burning sensation while instilling, numbness, erythema, facial flushing, headache, epistaxis, and nausea have been reported.

Toxicology
Taurolidine has a relatively low acute and subacute toxicity. Intravenous injection of 5 grams taurolidine into humans over 0.5–2 hours produce only burning sensation while instilling, numbness, and erythema at the injection sites. For treatment of peritonitis, taurolidine was administered by peritoneal lavage, intraperitoneal instillation or intravenous infusion, or by a combination thereof. The total daily dose ranged widely from 0.5 to 50 g. The total cumulative dose ranged from 0.5 to 721 g. In those patients who received intravenous taurolidine, the daily intravenous dose was usually 15 to 30 g but several patients received up to 40 g/day. Total daily doses of up to 40 g and total cumulative doses exceeding 300 g were safe and well tolerated.

Pharmacology
 Metabolism: Taurolidine and taurultam are quickly metabolized to taurinamide, taurine, carbon dioxide and water. Taurolidine exists in equilibrium with taurultam and N-methylol-taurultam in aqueous solution.
Pharmacokinetic (elimination): The half-life of the terminal elimination phase of taurultam is about 1.5 hours, and of the taurinamide metabolite about 6 hours. 25% of the taurolidine dose applied is renally eliminated as taurinamide and/or taurine.

Mechanism of action
Following administration of taurolidine, the antimicrobial and antiendotoxin activity of the taurolidine molecule is conferred by the release of three active methylol (hydroxymethyl) groups as taurolidine is rapidly metabolized by hydrolysis via methylol taurultam to methylol taurinamide and taurine. These labile N-methylol derivatives of taurultam and taurinamide react with the bacterial cell-wall resulting in lysis of the bacteria, and by inter- and intramolecular cross-linking of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complex, neutralization of the bacterial endotoxins which is enhanced by enzymatic activation. This mechanism of action is accelerated and maximised when taurolidine is pre-warmed to . Microbes are killed and the resulting toxins are inactivated; the destruction time in vitro is 30 minutes.

The chemical mode of action of taurolidine via its reactive methylol groups confers greater potency in vivo than indicated by in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, and also appears to preclude susceptibility to resistance mechanisms.

Taurolidine binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) prevents microbial adherence to host epithelial cells, thereby prevents microbial invasion of uninfected host cells. Although the mechanism underlying its antineoplastic activity has not been fully elucidated, it may be related to this agent's anti-adherence property. Taurolidine has been shown to block interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition, taurolidine also promotes apoptosis by inducing various apoptotic factors and suppresses the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that plays an important role in angiogenesis.

Taurolidine is highly active against the common infecting pathogens associated with peritonitis and catheter sepsis, this activity extends across a wide-spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi (with no diminution of effect in the presence of biological fluids, e.g. blood, serum, pus).
Gram-positive bacteria (MIC of 1–2 mg/mL): Staphylococcus (including multiple-antibiotic resistant coagulase negative strains, methicillin-resistant S. aureus), Streptococcus, Enterococcus.
Gram-negative bacteria (MIC of 0.5–5 mg/mL): Aerobacter species, Citrobacter species, Enterobacter species, Escherichia coli, Proteus species (indole negative), Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas species (including P. aeruginosa), Salmonella species, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella species.
Anaerobes (MIC 0.03–0.3 mg/mL): Bacteroides species (including B. fragilis), Fusobacteriota, Clostridium species, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius.
 Fungi (MIC 0.3–5 mg/mL): Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus species, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Pityrosporum ovale.

Chemical properties
The chemical name for taurolidine is 4,4'-Methylene-bis(1,2,4-thiadiazinane)-1,1,1’,1'-tetraoxide.

It is a white to off white odourless crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in chloroform, slightly soluble in boiling acetone, ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate, sparingly soluble in water 8 at 20° and ethyl alcohol, soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, and dilute sodium hydroxide, and freely soluble in N,N-dimethylformamide (at 60 °C).

History
Taurolidine was first synthesized in the laboratories of Geistlich Pharma AG, Switzerland in 1972. Clinical trials begun in 1975 in patients with severe peritonitis.

Research
Taurolidine demonstrates some anti-tumor properties, with positive results seen in early-stage clinical investigations using the drug to treat gastrointestinal malignancies and tumors of the central nervous system. More recently, it has been found to exert antineoplastic activity. Taurolidine induces cancer cell death through a variety of mechanisms. Even now, all the antineoplastic pathways it employs are not completely elucidated. It has been shown to enhance apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, reduce tumor adherence, downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and stimulate anticancer immune regulation following surgical trauma. Apoptosis is activated through both a mitochondrial cytochrome-c-dependent mechanism and an extrinsic direct pathway. A lot of in vitro and animal data support taurolidine's tumoricidal action. Taurolidine has been used as an antimicrobial agent in the clinical setting since the 1970s and thus far appears nontoxic. The nontoxic nature of taurolidine makes it a favorable option compared with current chemotherapeutic regimens. Few published clinical studies exist evaluating the role of taurolidine as a chemotherapeutic agent. The literature lacks a gold-standard level 1 randomized clinical trial to evaluate taurolidine's potential antineoplastic benefits. However, these trials are currently underway. Such randomized control studies are vital to clarify the role of taurolidine in modern cancer treatment.

References

Drugs acting on the blood and blood forming organs
Antibiotics


Henry Anthony Camillo Howard (3 March 1913 – 15 October 1977) was a British journalist, military officer, and colonial leader in the Caribbean.

Early life and family
Howard was the son of Esme Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Penrith and Isabella Giovanna Teresa Gioachina Giustiniani-Bandini. Isabella was the daughter of Sigismundo Giustiniani-Bandini the 8th Earl of Newburgh. Howard married on 11 September 1937 Adele Le Bourgeois Alsop, daughter of Reece Denny Alsop, of New York, and of Julia Sanford Chapin Alsop later Mrs. Basil de Selincourt, of Far End, Kingham, Oxfordshire. (Julia Sanford Chapin was an American who had grown up abroad as her father Robert Williams Chapin represented exports of American mining tool companies.
) They had five children:
 Mary Rosalind Howard, now Mary Howard Lowe; mother of one son (who has three children of his own)
 Susan Isabella Howard, who died in 1963
 Joan Dacre Howard; mother of one son and one daughter (perhaps parents of the four remaining great-grandchildren)
 (Adele Cristina) Sophia Howard, wife of Hon. Timothy Palmer, scion patrilineally of the earls of Selborne; they have issue two sons and two daughters, and
 Charlotte Fell Howard.

His widow died in her sleep on 15 February 2011 in Cumbria, leaving issue four of five daughters (their second daughter dying in her twenties), and four grandsons, three granddaughters, who produced seven great-grandchildren.

Career
Educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Howard became a journalist on the Financial Times and The Economist, then during the Second World War returned to the British Army as an officer, serving in the Somaliland Camel Corps in British Somaliland. After the war he joined the Colonial Office and was Governor of the British Virgin Islands from 1954 to 1956, then Administrator of Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla from 1956 to 1966.

Howard became separated from his wife when he would not move back to England. Because he was Roman Catholic he chose not to seek a divorce, but he began a relationship with a European woman from Saint Kitts who had her name changed to Howard by deed poll.

See also
List of colonial heads of the British Virgin Islands

References

1913 births
1977 deaths
Coldstream Guards officers
British Army personnel of World War II
Younger sons of barons
Henry Anthony Camillo Howard
Somaliland Camel Corps officers
Governors of the British Virgin Islands
Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
British Somaliland people of World War II
Governors of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
Speakers of the National Assembly (Saint Kitts and Nevis)


Lilian Ida Lenton (5 January 1891 – 28 October 1972) was an English dancer, suffragette, and winner of a French Red Cross medal for her service as an orderly in World War I.

Early years
Lillie Lenton was born in Leicester in 1891, the eldest of five children born to Isaac Lenton (1867–1930), a carpenter-joiner, and his wife Mahalah (née Bee; 1864–1920), a housewife. On leaving school she trained to be a dancer, but, after hearing Emmeline Pankhurst speak, she " ... made up my mind that night that as soon as I was twenty-one and my own boss ... I would volunteer".

On attaining that age, she joined the Women's Social and Political Union, and with fellow members took part in a window-smashing campaign in March 1912. She was jailed for two months under the alias "Ida Inkley".

Notoriety

In early 1913, with Olive Wharry, she began a series of arson attacks in London, and was arrested in February 1913 on suspicion of having set on fire the Tea House at Kew Gardens. In Holloway Prison she held a hunger strike for two days before being forcibly fed, which caused her to become seriously ill with pleurisy caused by food entering her lungs. It took two doctors and seven wardens to restrain her. She was quickly and quietly released.

Her case created an outrage among the public, made worse by the fact that the Home Secretary, Reginald McKenna, denied that she had been force fed and that her illness was actually caused by her hunger strike. However, Home Office papers show that she was force fed on 23 February 1913.

A letter to The Times in 1913, from Victor Horsley, a leading surgeon, claimed "...the Home Secretary's attempted denial that Miss Lenton was nearly killed by the forcible feeding is worthless...she was tied into a chair and her head dragged backward across the back of the chair by her hair. The tube was forced through the nose twice . . . after the second introduction when the food was poured in, it caused violent choking." To avoid more such political embarrassment, the Government rushed through its "Cat and Mouse Act" in April 1913, which stated that hunger-striking suffragette "mice" could be released on temporary licence to recover their health, when the security forces could re-arrest them.

In June 1913 Lenton was arrested in Doncaster and charged as "May Dennis" with being on the premises of an unoccupied house which had been set on fire. She was released from Armley Prison in Leeds after several days; on this occasion there had been no attempt to force feed her. Her accomplice in the arson attack was an 18-year-old local journalist called Harry Johnson, who was sentenced to 12 months with hard labour in Wakefield Prison.

In July 1913, the police in Leeds were searching for Lenton when an elaborate plot was hatched, while she way staying with Frank Rutter, Director of the Leeds Art Gallery, to enable her to escape in a delivery van, driven by Leonora Cohen dressed as a baker's man while Lenton swapped places with Nora Duval dressed as an errand boy reading a comic and eating an apple. Taxis took her to Harrogate, then Scarborough, from where she escaped to France in a private yacht.

The Criminal Record Office issued a surveillance photograph of her (see above right) taken secretly in the exercise yard of Holloway Prison, in the accompanying details of which she is described as being 5 feet 2 inches tall with brown eyes and hair. Lenton later stated, "Whenever I was out of prison my object was to burn two buildings a week… The object was to create an absolutely impossible condition of affairs in the country, to prove it was impossible to govern without the consent of the governed." She was arrested in October 1913 while collecting a bicycle from the left luggage office at Paddington Station, and while on remand went on a combined hunger and thirst strike, for which she was again forcibly fed. Her physical health again being seriously affected by this treatment, she was released on licence for 5 days into the care of a Mrs Diplock of London, but again absconded.

Lenton was rearrested on 22 December 1913, on a charge of setting fire to a house in Cheltenham. She was recognised from her police surveillance photograph, and imprisoned, when she commenced another hunger and thirst strike, being released at 11 a.m. into the care of Mrs Impey of Birmingham, from whose home she absconded yet again, remaining at large until early May 1914 when she was rearrested at Birkenhead. Held on remand and awaiting trial at the Leeds Assizes for the arson committed at Doncaster, she again went on hunger and thirst strike until she was released on 12 May 1914. Due to the frequency of her escapes Lenton became known as the "tiny, wily, elusive Pimpernel". She received a Hunger Strike Medal "for Valour" from the WSPU.

The Women's Social and Political Union suspended their militant campaign in 1914 at the outbreak of World War I to focus on the war effort. During this time women worked in jobs traditionally done by men, proving they could do them just as well and silencing one of the last arguments against women's suffrage. After the war the Representation of the People Act 1918 was passed awarding the vote to women householders, or the wives of householders, aged 30 and over. Lenton was unimpressed by this concession, later relating in a BBC documentary, "Personally I didn't vote for a very long time because I hadn't either a husband or furniture, although I was over 30."

(She turned 30 in 1921. Women were given equal voting rights to men including lowering the voting age to 21, by the Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928 when she was 37.)

Later years

Just before the First World War Lenton met author D. H. Lawrence when she fled from the police and escaped to the Lake District. He was introduced to her as "a man who's only got one subject, and that's sex". During World War I Lenton served in Serbia with the Scottish Women's Hospitals Unit and was awarded a French Red Cross medal. After the Russian Revolution she travelled in Russia with fellow suffragette Nina Boyle. Lenton later worked in the British Embassy in Stockholm. She was a speaker for the Save the Children Fund, and from 1924 to 1933 was a speaker and travel organiser for the Women's Freedom League, as well as the editor of the League's Bulletin for over 11 years. After working in Scotland in animal welfare Lenton became the financial secretary of the National Union of Women Teachers until 1953.

In 1955 she appeared with other former suffragettes in a BBC News broadcast beside the statue of Mrs Pankhurst to mark the 37th anniversary of women getting the vote. She was again filmed in 1959 when she discussed the Cat and Mouse Act. This item was broadcast in January 1960. Finally, she was interviewed for BBC News in October 1961 when she discussed her meeting with D. H. Lawrence. She confessed during the interview that the only one of his books she had read since meeting him was Lady Chatterley's Lover, stating "it must have been an expurgated edition, because I don't remember anything special about it".

In 1970, as Treasurer of the Suffragette Fellowship, Lenton unveiled a memorial in Christchurch Gardens, Westminster, dedicated to all the women who had fought to get the vote.

Lilian Lenton died in 1972. She never married.

See also
Suffragette bombing and arson campaign
List of suffragists and suffragettes

References

External links
BBC video clip of Lenton interviewed at a 1955 Suffragette anniversary
BBC audio clip of Lenton describing the Cat & Mouse Act
Lenton on www.her-stories.co.uk
Lenton on the National Portrait Gallery website
Roll of Honour of Suffragette Prisoners 1905–1914 in The National Archives
"Women, the bullet and the ballot box" The Times, 30 September 2006
Archive recording of Lenton on BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour, 11 May 2006

English suffragettes
People from Leicester
1891 births
1972 deaths
British feminists
British women's rights activists
British people of World War I
Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
British arsonists
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Prisoners and detainees of England and Wales
Hunger Strike Medal recipients


Les impressionnistes (Impressionists) is an educational video game released in 1997. The game focused on was developed by the French developer Index+ as a co-production with Réunion des Musées Nationaux.

The game was developed by Claire Barbillon from an idea from the Museum of Orsay, using QuickTime technology. It features 200 works of art from 45 artists. André Dussollier narrates.

References

External links
 Impressionists at Microïds

Windows games
Classic Mac OS games
1997 video games
History educational video games
Microïds games
Video games developed in France


Joachim Holmboe Rønneberg (2 May 1851 – 16 September 1929) was a Norwegian wholesaler and politician of the Conservative Party.

Biography
He was mayor of Ålesund in 1896, deputy mayor 1893–1895 and 1897–1901, and deputy member of parliament 1889–1891. He was a member of the Rønneberg family, the leading family and largest employer of Ålesund. He entered the family firm Carl E. Rønneberg & Sønner in 1875, received power of procuration in 1884 and inherited the firm with his younger brother Carl in 1904. After his brother's death in 1912, he led the firm alone.

He was the grandfather of Joachim Rønneberg and also the great-grandfather of Joakim Lystad.

Honours
Knight First Class of the Order of St. Olav

References

Norwegian businesspeople
1851 births
1929 deaths
Joachim Holmboe


George Frederick "Ted" Regan (6 June 1915 – 9 July 1943) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne and Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

He was killed in action during an air raid in British Burma while serving with the RAAF.

Family
The son of George Augustus Regan (1881–1952), and Ethel Eva Regan (1883–1969), née Schofield, George Frederick Regan was born in Elsternwick, Victoria on 6 June 1915.

Education
Regan was educated at Brighton Technical School (1927—1929), at Melbourne High School (1930—1932) – where he was a classmate of "Bluey" Truscott – and at George Taylor and Staff's Coaching College, Collins Street, Melbourne (1933).

Having gained his Leaving Certificate in the December 1933 examinations, he went on to study accountancy in the evenings with E. Pyke and Hosking, Chartered Accountants, in Elizabeth Street, Melbourne.

Football
Regan usually played as a defender.

Brighton T.S.O.B. (VAFA)
Granted a permit in May 1934, he played for three seasons (1934—1936) with Brighton Technical School Old Boys Football Club in "A Section" of the Victorian Amateur Football Association (VAFA).

Melbourne (VFL)
Having played with the Melbourne Second XVIII in 1937, and having received a permit to play with the First XVIII, he played his first senior match for Melbourne, at full-back, in the opening round of the 1938 season, against Geelong, on 23 April 1938.

Essendon (VFL)

He transferred to Essendon in 1939, and played his first First XVIII game, against Geelong, on 5 August 1939.

Having badly injured his leg in his second match, against St Kilda on the following Saturday, he did not play in the last two games of the 1939 season. and for the entire 1940 season.

In his seventh, and last match for the Essendon First XVIII he played in the 1941 VFL Grand Final – rather than, that is, playing in the Second XVIII team (in which he had played for the previous eight weeks), that won the Grand Final against Fitzroy 12.16 (88) to 9.17 (71), in an extremely rough match that descended into an all-in brawl at the final bell.

Selected as 19th man, he replaced Les Griggs at three-quarter time, and kicked one goal – an inaccurate Essendon, with one more scoring shot, lost to Melbourne 13.20 (98) to 19.13 (127).

Military service
A qualified accountant by profession, and having been employed by British Dominion Films, Ltd. for nine years, he enlisted with the RAAF on 15 August 1941, eventually gaining the rank of Flight Sergeant.

He undertook his basic training, under the auspices of the Empire Air Training Scheme (EATS), at the No.1 Initial Flying Training School RAAF at Somers, Victoria, and officially gained his "wings" as a pilot following extensive training in Rhodesia.

Following his training in Rhodesia, he went to India as a Blenheim bomber pilot.

Death
Regan was killed when his plane was shot down over British Burma on 9 July 1943. Piloting a Bristol Blenheim crewed by himself and Sergeants Gordon Rowan and Merville Smith, Regan was involved in a six-aircraft aerial raid on Ramree. During the raid, Regan's Blenheim took heavy flak, and started to emit black smoke. The Blenheim proceeded to catch fire, break off from the formation of planes, and crash into a hillside, exploding the plane and killing Regan, Rowan, and Smith in the process.

He has no known grave, and is commemorated at the Singapore Memorial at the Kranji War Memorial in Singapore.

See also
 List of Victorian Football League players who died in active service

Footnotes

References

 Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.
 Main, J. & Allen, D., "Regan, Ted", pp. 321–322 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002.
 Maplestone, M., Flying Higher: History of the Essendon Football Club 1872–1996, Essendon Football Club, (Melbourne), 1996.
 Attestation Form for Persons Voluntarily Enlisted in the Militia Forces: George Frederick Regan (V90262), dated 6 July 1939, National Archives of Australia.
 World War Two Service Record: Flight Sergeant George Frederick Regan (409448), National Archives of Australia.
 Taylor, Percy, "Essendon are Proud of War Prowess of their Players", The Australasian, (Saturday, 20 May 1944), p.11.
 Victorian R.A.A.F. Casualties: Overseas: Missing, Believed Killed, The Age, (Monday, 9 August 1943), p.3.
 R.A.A.F. Casualties: Overseas: Previously Missing, Now Presumed Dead, The Argus, (Monday, 20 March 1944), p.5.
 Flight Sergeant George Frederick Regan (409448), Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
 Dunn, Peter (2015), "1 Initial Flying Training School RAAF", Australia @ War, 2005.

External links

 Ted Regan, at Demonwiki.

1915 births
1943 deaths
People educated at Melbourne High School
Australian rules footballers from Melbourne
Melbourne Football Club players
Essendon Football Club players
Aviators from Melbourne
Australian World War II pilots
Royal Australian Air Force personnel of World War II
Australian military personnel killed in World War II
Royal Australian Air Force airmen
People from Elsternwick, Victoria
Military personnel from Melbourne


Guiguzi () is a collection of ancient Chinese texts compiled between the late Warring States period and the end of the Han Dynasty. The work, between 6,000–7,000 Chinese characters, discusses techniques of rhetoric. Although originally associated with the School of Diplomacy, the Guiguzi was later integrated into the Daoist canon.

Authorship
There has been much speculation about the identity of the writer of Guiguzi: the origin of his name (literally 'The Sage of Ghost Valley') and the authenticity of the work as a whole. While there has been no final outcome to this discussion, Chinese scholars believe that the compilation reflects a genuine corpus of Warring States period writings on political lobbying. While most writers doubt the assertion that the Guiguzi was written by a single personality, the Records of the Grand Historian do refer to a Guigu Xiansheng (, i.e., Mr. Guigu) who taught persuaders Su Qin and Zhang Yi. Thus, this Guigu is traditionally considered the founder of the School of Diplomacy (; ), a school of thought which was particularly interested in rhetoric. Guigu Xiansheng is also said to have taught famous Warring States generals Sun Bin and Pang Juan. The association of the name Wang Xu () is not generally held to be supported. Whereas books I and II are attributed to the same author, Book III is likely an addition by a later author.  There is no material in the text to support the view held by some that Guiguzi is a book on military tactics.

Contents
Guiguzi comprises three books, with chapters on different strategies of observation and persuasion.

Translations
There have been translations of Guiguzi into modern Chinese, German, English, and Russian (see below).  Almost all modern annotated texts and western translations rely heavily on the explanations of the texts attributed to the Eastern Jin scholar Tao Hongjing.

[[Category:==References==

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Further reading
蕭登福《鬼谷子研究》. 2001 文津出版社
陈宇《鬼谷子兵法破解》. /E.2024
Guiguzi, China's First Treatise on Rhetoric: A Critical Translation and Commentary. Trans. Hui Wu. Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press, 2016.
Thunder in the Sky: Secrets on the Acquisition and Exercise of Power. Trans. Thomas Cleary. Boston: Shambbala Books, 1994.
Michael Robert Borschat. "Guiguzi': A Textual Study and Translation". University of Washington Ph.D. Thesis, 1985.
Chung Se Kimm, "Kuei-Kuh-Tse: Der Philosoph vom Teufelstal," 1927.
Robert van Gulik: 'Kuei-ku-tzu, The Philosopher of the Ghost Vale", "China", XIII, no 2 (May 1939).
«Гуй Гу-цзы». В кн: Искусство управления. Сост., пер., вступ. ст. и коммент. В.В. Малявина. М.: «Издательство Астрель»: «Издательство АСТ», 2003. С.244-318.
Xu Fuhong. Guiguzi Yan Jiu. Shanghai: Shanghai Classics Press, 2008.
Xu Fuhong. Guiguzi Jijiao Jizhu. Beihing: Zhonghua shuju, 2008.
Chen Puqing, Guiguzi xiangjie. Changsha, Hunan: Yuelu Press, 2005.
Du Yong. "On the Time Record of Guiguzi." Journal of Tianjing Normal University:; Social Science 170.6 (2003): 30-32.
Xiao Yuhan. Guiguzi zhuaqi: Quan jie zhanguo diyi quiren mieguozhishu. Beijing: Tuanjie shubanshe, 2002.
Xiao Dengfu. Guiguzi Yan Jiu. Taibei, Taiwan: Wenjin Press, 2001.
Daniel Coyle. "Guiguzi: On the Cosmological Axes of Chinese Persuasion." Dissertation. University of Hawaii, 1999.
Fang Lizhong. Guiguzi quanshu. Beijing: Shumu wenxian chubanshe, 1993.
Zhang Jianguo. Guiguzi shiyong zhimou daquan. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 1993.
Zhang Shixin. "Demystifying Guiguzi." Journal of Zhejiang Teachers University: Social Science Edition 2 (1990): 42-47.

External links

 Guiguzi on Ctext

Ancient Chinese philosophical literature
Chinese literature


Gay Kids – Kule barn som også finnes (2008) ("Gay Kids – Cool children who also exist") is a non-fiction Norwegian book that attempts to educate children about gay and lesbian identities.

Gay Kids was released on November 6, 2008, and an exhibition of the book's photographic material was on display outside the Museum of Cultural History in Oslo. Originally scheduled through January 2009, the exhibit remained through July, an extra six months. The exhibition was inaugurated by gay politician and former Finance Minister of Norway Per Kristian Foss who also has provided a photo of himself as a 9-year-old boy for the book. Other celebrities such as pioneering Norwegian gay activist Kim Friele, chairman of Oslo's city government, Erling Lae and chief editor of Dagbladet, Anne Aasheim have also contributed with photographs for the book, altogether more than 100 lesbian, bisexual and gay people have contributed with their childhood photos.

The book, in part based on the research done at the Norwegian Social Research institute, was originally intended to be an art project to describe the childhoods of gay men and women before their homosexual identities were in place., and it has been partially funded by grants from the Ministry of Children and Equality and the Fritt Ord foundation, and it is also sponsored by Gay & Lesbian Health Norway along with several other organizations. Coauthor Angeltvedt stated at the book's release that he would like to see it become a textbook in Norway's elementary schools. In a November 6, 2008, interview with Minister of Education Bård Vegard Solhjell it reads that the book will be made available in elementary schools and that "the book will be adapted to the teaching plan goals which address sexual orientation and diversity of family forms up and through the 7th grade."

References

External links
 Official webpage

2008 non-fiction books
Norwegian non-fiction books
Non-fiction books about same-sex sexuality
Children's books with LGBT themes
LGBT young adult literature
LGBT literature in Norway
LGBT youth
Norwegian children's literature
Children's non-fiction books
2008 children's books
2000s LGBT literature
Young adult non-fiction books


Andy Richardson is a sports presenter and correspondent, currently working for Al Jazeera English.

Richardson has a wide range of experience as a sports journalist, and has previously worked with: Independent Television News (ITN), Sky News, ITV and Five News.

Career
Al Jazeera English
Richardson is a regular presenter on the sports-desk of the flagship daily news-programme, Newshour. Previously, the Al Jazeera English sports coverage was packaged into a separate daily programme and Richardson was a regular on this strand, the now defunct: Sportsworld.

As well as his studio-based work, Richardson has reported for Al Jazeera from across the globe. His reports have ranged from coverage of the 2008 Olympics from Beijing to reporting on the world's northernmost marathon, at the North Pole.

Five News
As Five News's sports correspondent, Richardson covered many of the major events in world sport, including the 2002 Football World Cup in Japan, the 2003 Rugby World Cup in Australia and the 2004 European Football Championships in Portugal.

ITV News
Before that, Richardson was a sports producer and reporter for ITV News in London, filing and producing stories on domestic and international sporting events. His coverage included the 1999 Rugby World Cup and the 2000 European Football Championships.

Personal
Richardson appreciates the value of sport and exercise in his own life and is known for being a keen long-distance runner.

References

Al Jazeera people
Sports commentators
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people


Inquisition is an action-adventure video game released in 2002 for Microsoft Windows. The game was developed by French company 4X Studios and published by Wanadoo Edition.

The game is set in 1348 Paris, France, where the main character, a young thief named Matthew, has come to find his riches. He becomes imprisoned after a robbery, and meets Jacques, a former Knight Templar. Before Jacques dies he reveals clues which lead the player towards finding the treasure of the Templars.

External links
 Inquisition at Microïds

2002 video games
Action-adventure games
Inquisition in fiction
Knights Templar in popular culture
Microïds games
Single-player video games
Strategy First games
Video games developed in France
Video games set in Paris
Video games set in the 14th century
Windows games
Windows-only games


Peter Kajlinger (born 2 December 1964) is a Swedish operatic baritone. Kajlinger grew up in a family of musicians. He made his debut in La Bohème at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm at the age of 11.

Career
He entered the College of Opera in Stockholm in 1989 and performed as Moralés (Carmen) and Leporello (Don Giovanni) at the Royal Swedish Opera. Upon graduation in 1992, he sang the role of Falstaff by Salieri at Drottningholm Court Theatre. Pamela Rosenberg, then casting director of Staatsoper Stuttgart, noticed his performances as Leporello and Figaro and invited him to join the company. At Staatsoper Stuttgart, he sang more than twenty roles.

He performed as Figaro at GöteborgsOperan in 2000. He became a freelance singer in 2003 with recitals as Masetto (Don Giovanni), Michelotto (Die Gezeichneten), Antonio (Le Nozze di Figaro) at Staatsoper Stuttgart and as Don Carlo (La forza del Destino) at Södertäljeoperan. Kajlinger originated the role of Mr. Verloc in Simon Wills' opera, (The Secret Agent), in 2006 at Feldkircher Musikfestival.

He sang Amonasro (Aida) at Opera på Skäret in 2007 and Major Domo in Tjajkovskij's Pique Dame at Oper der Stadt Bonn. He performed as Scarpia (Tosca) in 2008 and as Rigoletto at Värmlandsoperan in 2009. He was Marcello (La Bohème) at Opera på Skäret in 2010. He was praised as Dr. Treeves in the worldpremiere of The Elephant Man at Norrlandsoperan 2012. At Wermland Opera he sang Bartolo and Pizarro in the Trilogy directed by Tobias Kratzer 2014-2015. In 2017 he portrayed the Captain in Bohuslav Martinu´s The Greek Passion. He played the main character in The Emperor´s New Clothes at  Norrlandsoperan 2021

Discography
 Jan-Åke Hillerud: Slaget om Dungen
 Luigi Nono: Al gran sole carico d'amore
 Staffan Odenhall: Purpurbit

Filmography
Christina, 1988, Directed by Göran Järvefelt

Sources
 Brüggemann, Axel, Stuttgart entdeckt „Masaniello furioso“, Die Welt,  12 February 2001 (in German)
 Dahlberg, Mats, Tysk trio skapar banbrytande Verdiopera i Karlstad, Nya Wermlands-Tidningen, 23 October 2009 (in Swedish)
 Wermland Operan biography (Wermland Opera),, (in Swedish)
 Wurzel, Christoph, , Online Musik Magazin (in German)

References

Rigoletto naket intressant i Karlstad, sverigesradio.se
The elephant man: Norrlandsoperan, expressen.se
Operatrilogi med problem, aftonbladet.se
SEEN AND HEARD INTERNATIONAL OPERA REVIEW, musicweb-international.com

External links
 Official website

University College of Opera alumni
Living people
Operatic baritones
1964 births


Larry Davidson (born 19 January 1983) is an Australian former professional basketball player who played 12 seasons in the National Basketball League (NBL).

Junior career
A scholarship-holder at the Australian Institute of Sport, Davidson led New South Wales to a national title at the 2002 U20 Australian Junior Championships with an MVP performance, earning the Bob Staunton Medal.

Following the U20 tournament, Davidson moved to the United States to play college basketball for Boise State. However, he was forced to redshirt the 2002–03 season after having surgery on both knees. He returned to practice in the fall of 2003 but suffered further knee injuries that prevented him playing in 2003–04, and in November 2003, he departed Boise State.

Professional career

Early years (2004–2007)
In 2004, after recovering from his rash of knee injuries, Davidson was recruited by Adrian Hurley to turn pro and join the Hunter Pirates of the National Basketball League. He played two seasons for the Pirates before the club moved to Singapore in 2006 to become the Singapore Slingers. Davidson joined the Slingers for the 2006–07 season.

Wollongong / Illawarra Hawks (2007–2016)
Davidson joined the Wollongong Hawks for the 2007–08 NBL season and produced career-best numbers, as he averaged 10.5 points and 7.2 rebounds per game. However, the Hawks were on the brink of capitulation after his first season with the club, and despite being saved, Davidson's second season was plagued by injury. While the Hawks survived a couple of near-misses and Davidson dealt with a string of knee problems and other injury setbacks, he became a cornerstone for the Wollongong Hawks.

Davidson led the Hawks in rebounding in 2009–10 (6.8), 2010–11 (8.0, career high) and 2012–13 (6.6). He knocked down 32 three-pointers at 45.1% in 32 games during the 2009–10 season. He later recorded five double-doubles during the 2012–13 season, including a 20-point, 15-rebound performance in a win over the Adelaide 36ers on 23 March 2013. He also earned All-NBL Third Team in 2009–10, Hawks club MVP in 2009–10, and Hawks Most Improved Player in 2007–08.

On 23 January 2014, Davidson played his 250th NBL game. Exactly a year later, he became the sixth Hawks player to notch 200 games for the club, joining Glen Saville, Mat Campbell, Chuck Harmison, Gordie McLeod and Melvin Thomas.

Davidson's final NBL season came in 2015–16 with the renamed Illawarra Hawks.

Personal
Davidson comes from a family with a strong sporting history. His great grandfather Herb Gilbert was a dual international, playing both Rugby League and Rugby Union for Australia. His grandfather Jack Gilbert was in the first St George team to win a premiership. His grandmother is Ray Lindwall's cousin, and his cousin Sam Gilbert plays in the Australian Football League with St Kilda.

References

External links
NBL player profile
NBL stats

1983 births
Living people
Australian men's basketball players
Australian Institute of Sport basketball players
Boise State University alumni
Centers (basketball)
Hunter Pirates players
Illawarra Hawks players
Singapore Slingers players
Sportspeople from Gosford
Power forwards (basketball)
Wollongong Hawks players
Basketball players from New South Wales
20th-century Australian people
21st-century Australian people
Sportsmen from New South Wales


David Walter Thomas (26 October 1829 – 1905) was a Welsh clergyman who was instrumental in the founding of a Welsh church in the Welsh settlement in Argentina.

Life
Thomas was the eldest son of Evan Thomas, from Lampeter, south Wales.  After education in Mumbles, Swansea and at St David's College, Lampeter, Thomas went to Jesus College, Oxford in 1847, obtaining a third-class Bachelor of Arts degree in Literae Humaniores in 1851. He was ordained deacon in 1852 by the Bishop of Oxford, Samuel Wilberforce, and ordained priest the following year by the Bishop of Bangor, Christopher Bethell. His first positions were as curate of Denio and Llanor near Pwllheli, Gwynedd (1853) and chaplain of Tremadog near Porthmadog (1854–1855).  He then became perpetual curate of Penmachno before his appointment as vicar of Mynydd Llandegai, near Bangor in 1860, where he remained for 34 years.  During this time, he was an important figure in the foundation of the Welsh church in Patagonia, where there was a Welsh settlement, with Hugh Davies, the first chaplain, being one of his parishioners. He spent a year as vicar of Braunston, Northamptonshire before moving to Holyhead, Anglesey in 1895 as vicar. He was also appointed a canon of Bangor.  He published in English and in Welsh, including a collection of sermons on the miracles of Jesus. Thomas was an editor on the monthly Welsh language periodical Amddiffynydd yr Eglwys.

He married Anna Thomas, who became active in attempts to reform the National Eisteddfod in the 1870s and 1880s, and who was nearly appointed as a professor of modern languages at the University College of North Wales, Bangor. Anna survived until 1920. They had five children, including:
Evan Lorimer Thomas (1872–1953)
Myfanwy Walter-Thomas (youngest daughter), who m. in 1902 Frederick John Varley, of the Indian Civil Service.

References

1829 births
1905 deaths
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
19th-century Welsh Anglican priests
Welsh theologians
People from Lampeter
19th-century Welsh theologians
19th-century Welsh writers
Alumni of the University of Wales, Lampeter
People from Bangor, Gwynedd


Tan Kok Hwa (born 1959 or 1960), professionally known as Chen Guohua, is a Singaporean actor and contracted artiste under MediaCorp.

Career
Chen graduated from the Singapore Broadcasting Corporation 5th Year Artiste Training Class. He was trained by veteran theatrical teachers such as Mao Wei, Li Yongxi, Zhu Bingquan and Xia Chuan. Chen was cast in his debut role in the long-running TV series Neighbours in 1986. He won the Best Supporting Actor award twice at the Star Awards in 1998 and 2000.

Personal life
Chen is married. He is a devout Buddhist.

Filmography

Film

Television series

Awards and nominations

References

20th-century Singaporean male actors
Living people
Singaporean people of Hokkien descent
21st-century Singaporean male actors
Singaporean male television actors
Year of birth missing (living people)
Singaporean Buddhists


Donato & Estéfano was a Latin pop duo formed by the collaboration of Donato Poveda of Havana, Cuba and Fabio Alfonso Salgado ("Estéfano"), a native of Cali, Colombia. Donato y Estefano released three studio albums through 1995–1999 and were nominated twice for Pop Group of the Year at the 8th (1996) and 9th (1997) Lo Nuestro Awards. Their Greatest Hits album was released in 2000.

Estéfano continued with a solo career.

Translation from old Latin Music.com profile
Born in Santiago de Cuba, Donato moved with his family to Havana when he was barely two years old. At eight years of age he already played the guitar and sang, despite the opposition of his father that he did not consider the artistic world as an honest and virile way of life. But Donato stuck to his idea and, thanks to his extraordinary musical gifts, the state guaranteed him admission to the national conservatory. His father, on the contrary, decided to enroll him in a military school to give him more training according to his ideas.

In the military school, Donato formed his own rock and roll band, listening to the music that, through the radio stations in Miami, reached the island. Donato confesses that, at that time, he hated Cuban music. His was rock and roll. But it was not rock and roll that led him to travel the world and allowed him to leave Cuba with the permission of the authorities.

It was precisely the Cuban music, specifically the Nueva Trova Cubana that, in those years, made itself known throughout the world with unusual success. His presence at a popular music festival in Havana had attached him to the movement, allowing him to travel to Spain, Belgium and Mexico as an ambassador of the new Cuban music. Meanwhile he finished his studies and gave the title to his mother.

In 1989 Donato traveled to Venezuela to stay. There he connected with Sony Music and the company signed him as an artist. He later moved to live in Miami where he began to compose for international performers such as Julio Iglesias, José Luis Rodríguez, Chayanne, Willie Chirino and Ana Torroja, among others. One fine day he met another musician recently arrived in Miami (Estéfano) who asked him for some keyboards for one of his compositions, that same day they begin to make music together.

Estéfano was born into a family that loved music, music that he calls consumer music, because it was the music that played on the radio and that his mother sang around the house. Born in Manizales and raised in Cali (Colombia), at the age of four he dreamed that El Niño Dios would give him a guitar, he was already clear that his thing was pop, popular music that invited people to live, dance and have fun. At the age of 12 he was backing vocals on other artists' recordings and at 15 he began composing his own.

At the age of 16, Estéfano went to live in Bogotá. There he begins to sing and compose melodies for publicity, until one day he is commissioned a theme for a soap opera, for which he ends up writing the entire soundtrack. Two years later, he is hired by a record company in Medellín with which he records his first album and tours the country performing at concerts that the public does not quite understand.

The musical culture of the country, in those years, was reduced to folk music and a few names that came from abroad. With that experience, Estéfano was convinced that he had to leave the country if he wanted to succeed in what was irreversibly his vocation and, by choice, his profession.

He went to Miami and went through all the record companies one by one without getting anything concrete. He met Emilio Estefan Jr. and chose some of his songs first for Gloria Estefan's album Mi Tierra, and later for Jon Secada's first album in Spanish. Those two albums each won Grammy Awards in 1993 and 1995, respectively. Later collaborated with a long list of performers such as Julio Iglesias, José Luis Rodríguez, Chayanne, Myriam Hernández, Azucar Moreno, Alejandro Fernández, Mercurio, Shakira and Laura Pausini. This placed their songs at the top of the charts throughout Latin America, Spain and the United States, and consolidated Estéfano's reputation as the most in-demand and prestigious young composer of the decade.

In addition to boosting his musical ambitions, his meeting with Donato also served to open his perception to a series of rhythms and sounds that, although coming from the African continent, evolved in Cuba, giving way to a large part of the Caribbean rhythms as they are today. we perceive them.

Songs
(* Original video)

 Agua de Cascada
 Amar, Sentir
 Amoromanía
 Canciones de Amor
 Cuando Me Acuerdo De Ti
 De La Tierra Al Cielo
 Entre La Línea Del Bien Y La Línea Del Mal
 Estoy Enamorado
 Llegando A Puertas Del Cielo
 Mar Adentro
 Mariachis Y Tequila
 Me Mata La Soledad
 Mi Dios Y Mi Cruz
 Naturaleza
 Quien te quiera como yo
 Sin ti
 Somos Tú y Yo
 Te Estoy Amando
 Vuelve
 Y Bailo
 Ya Te Perdoné

References

Latin pop music groups


Ireland's County & City Enterprise Boards (CCEBs) were established in 1993, as companies limited by guarantee, during a time of high unemployment (15.1%) and limited opportunity for business. They were given statutory status under the Industrial Development Act of 1995. The 35 boards were created to stimulate economic development and to cultivate an ethos of local entrepreneurship. They were dissolved by the County Enterprise Boards (Dissolution) Act 2014, and their functions transferred to Enterprise Ireland.

Functions
The Enterprise Boards were established to "fill the gap in the support services for local enterprises" and to "develop indigenous potential and stimulate economic activity at local level primarily through the provision of financial and technical support for the development of small enterprises".

The primary goals of each enterprise board were designed to stimulate and promote local enterprise culture and entrepreneurship and to assist new business start ups, particularly through the provision of financial assistance.

The Irish economy has always relied heavily on its exports and in that respect, the County & City Enterprise Boards were intended to support those companies with a potential export capacity. Once a company reached its export potential, Enterprise Ireland would incubate that company going forward. Ireland also depends on its indigenous small and medium enterprises, (SMEs) for internal economic growth. These companies were the primary target for CEB support.

Organisation
Each board was made up of voluntary members representing the local council, local or national agencies and local community interests. The boards employed a small number of staff who deliver board supports in the locality.

Funding

Funding to the Boards
Funding for the Boards was provided by the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment through the CEB Central Co-Ordination Unit under the National Development Plan 2007–2013 (NDP). Part of this funding came from the Exchequer and part from the European Regional Development Fund through the two Regional Assemblies: the South and East Region, and the Border, Midlands and West Region.

Funding available from the Boards
The CEBs supported the development of Micro-enterprises at local level. The CEBs could support individuals, firms and community groups provided that the proposed projects had the capacity to achieve commercial viability. The CEBs could provide both financial and non-financial assistance to a project promoter. The forms of financial assistance which were available, subject to certain restrictions, included Capital Grants, Employment Grants and Feasibility study Grants. The provision of non-financial assistance could take the form of a wide range of business advice and information services, management capability and development programmes and e-Commerce training initiatives.

References

External links
35 County & City Enterprise Boards (archived)

Non-profit organisations based in the Republic of Ireland
Economy of the Republic of Ireland


Grevillea exul is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteacae, endemic to New Caledonia.

It grows up to 10 metres in height and has narrow lanceolate to elliptic leaves which have a blunt apex. The flowers are usually white, followed by follicles which are  long and  in width. It is a manganese accumulator.

References

exul


The South Valley Surprise of 2002 was a Pacific Northwest windstorm that affected the U.S. states of Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada, and Idaho on February 7, 2002.

Overview

The storm underwent rapid cyclogenesis just before travelling inland. The circulation was so small in area that the isobars were compacted tightly, thanks to a strong ridge of high pressure to the south, resulting  in sustained winds of 50 mph with gusts above 70 mph. The South Valley Surprise was second only to the Columbus Day Storm in terms of wind speed for the southern Willamette Valley. The "surprise" was how rapidly the storm organized and matured, and its unanticipated strength. Thus, the public had no idea of the impending storm. The storm was able to tap into the jet stream and aim it towards the surface the phenomenon known as "Jet stream enhancement", which usually occurs in the unstable air found in a cold front in a mid latitude cyclone. The result was extensive damage to structures both directly and indirectly from falling trees and debris.

See also
Hanukkah Eve windstorm of 2006
Great Coastal Gale of 2007
January 2012 Pacific Northwest snowstorm

References

2002 meteorology
Natural disasters in California
Natural disasters in Idaho
Natural disasters in Nevada
Natural disasters in Oregon
Natural disasters in Washington (state)
2002 natural disasters in the United States
Pacific Northwest storms
2002 in California
2002 in Idaho
2002 in Nevada
2002 in Oregon
2002 in Washington (state)
February 2002 events in the United States


Jack the Ripper is an adventure video game, based upon the unidentified serial killer Jack the Ripper. The game was released for Microsoft Windows in 2004. It was developed by Galilea Games and published by The Adventure Company.

The game is set in New York in 1901, where James Palmer, a reporter of the newspaper New York Today, is investigating a set of murders similar to those of "Jack the Ripper" in Whitechapel thirteen years earlier; the murders turn out to be the work of the actual Ripper.

Reception

The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

References

External links

2004 video games
Adventure games
Point-and-click adventure games
Microïds games
The Adventure Company games
Video games about Jack the Ripper
Video games developed in France
Video games set in New York City
Windows games
Windows-only games


Neil Lawson Baker (1938 - 2022) was a British artist, sculptor and photographer.

Early life
Neil Lawson Baker was born in Watford and had two brothers, John Stewart and Colin James. He attended Merchant Taylors' School in Northwood, Middlesex.

Career
Lawson Baker went to Guy's Hospital in London where he qualified as a dental surgeon and went on to study medicine, qualifying in 1969 at St George's Hospital at Hyde Park Corner in London's West End (the building is now the Lanesborough Hotel).  Lawson Baker then went on to practise at the 31 Wilton Place Practice where he became senior partner, continuing as a leading Dental Surgeon for a further 40 years, specialising in high quality restorative dentistry.  He also founded The Oral Hygiene Centre at No 1 Devonshire Place in London's Harley Street area in 1978, believed to be the first truly preventive dental practice of its type, helping to pioneer preventive dentistry.

Career change
He retired from dentistry at the age of 70 - calling it "a career change" – into the art world.  He painted and drew, but is best known for his sculpture.

Artistic career
While practising dentistry, he developed his passion for art, travelling, visiting galleries and acquiring contemporary art for his home in London.  He formed a great interest, initially in the sculpture of Rodin and his school of followers, later moving to more contemporary schools.

He visited the Galerie Maeght in Rue du Bac in Paris and later the Fondation Maeght in Saint-Paul de Vence to see works by Picasso, Miró, Léger, Calder, Arp and they had a big influence on him.

In 1987, Baker began to model sculptures as recuperative therapy. His surgeon's eye–hand skills were helped by a lesson from Kees Verkade, who showed Baker how to model in wax.  Baker met Eric Gibbard at the Burleighfield Foundry who had worked for the Tate Gallery, Elisabeth Frink, Philip Jackson, and Oscar Nemon as well as casting every Barbara Hepworth bronze after 1952 (initially at Morris Singer and later at Burghleighfield).

Eric became Baker's friend and mentor and took him to Paris to meet Charles Pinellis at the famous Susse-Fondeur foundry in Arcueil. Baker soon produced many bronze sculptures in the UK and France and was selling to private collectors, corporate clients and governments.

His works can be found in public places both in the UK and abroad. Lawson Baker sculptures may be seen in the entrance to the offices of the Houses of Parliament at Westminster; at British Gas Headquarters in Reading and Loughborough; in The London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange; near Albert Bridge at Sterling House on the River Thames and at the National Stadium in Kuala Lumpur.

Baker also created the sculpture unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II with President Mitterrand at the opening of the Channel Tunnel in May 1994.

Late in 2003 Baker began to use colour and work on two dimensional pieces for the first time.  His contemporary works of art are mostly abstract and vibrant and he is prolific in his output.  Baker uses Conté, watercolour and acrylic interchangeably.

Since 2007, Baker started exploring the world of high resolution photography as a fine art form producing a distinct style of work notably of Venice, Buenos Aires and London.

In 2006, Baker was appointed to the board of the Arts Club in London and in 2007, he was appointed chairman of the Trustees of the Chichester Art Trust, which managed and staged the National Open Art Competition and its exhibitions both in Chichester and London.

Baker worked as a professional sculptor from 2017. In early 2018 he stepped down as chairman of the Chichester Art Trust and National Open Art.

Exhibitions

"Renaissance Man" The Oxmarket Gallery, Chichester, West Sussex. 2010. A 20-year retrospective.
"The Role of Photography in Contemporary Interior Design" presentation by Jane Arte Watt (BIDA, JAG Contemporary Design) at Franco's, Jermyn Street, London.
"The Russian Reception" photographic display in Canning House, Belgrave Square, London. March 2008.
"New Dimension: Fashion and Landmarks" – one month photography exhibition at The Burlington Club, London. February 2008.
"DepARTure" – The Arts Club, London: paintings, sculptures and photography. November 2007.

Other roles

Baker chaired The National Open Art Competition (NOA) from 2006 - 2018 run by the Chichester Art Trust.

In 2013, he worked with the co-operation of Street Art London to organise the Chichester Street Art Festival which he also funded.  He brought 27 well-known national and international street artists to Chichester to paint walls of businesses who chose to participate. Among those who painted were: Stik; Nunca - from Sao Paulo, who had previously painted the side of Tate Modern; Thierry Noir of Berlin Wall fame; Hitnes, from Italy; Christiaan Nagel from South Africa; The Rolling People; Run; Liqen from Spain; Dscreet and ROA.

In 2018, he started the not-for-profit educational Bowdleflodes Project, whose mission is to help educate children across the world about the plight of endangered species using ART as the facilitating medium.  The project houses an online 'fantasy' zoo with children's creative drawings, with each submission being linked to supporting endangered species, either in zoos or in wildlife support programmes.

Personal life

Neil Lawson Baker was married to Grace Lawson Baker, a psychotherapist and speech-and-language therapist. His studios are at their home near Chichester in West Sussex.

His hobbies over the years have included competing in vintage and classic car events and rallies, riding in one and three day equestrian events, pursuing his personal artistic interests, particularly as a sculptor, and travelling. In his last years he spent considerable time visiting schools, promoting the Bowdleflodes Project, reading his stories and helping children produce creative fantasy endangered species drawings and descriptions for the Bowdleflode online Wildlife Safari Park.

References

External links
The Arts Club website
Les Galeries Maeght website
Fondation Maeght website
Aimé Maeght French Wikipedia entry
Morris Singer Art Founders website
Fonderie d'art Susse-Fondeur website
National Portrait Gallery website
Neil Lawson Baker Official website
The Bowdleflodes Project website
Saatchi Online

1938 births
Living people
People from Watford
20th-century English painters
English male painters
21st-century English painters
English sculptors
English male sculptors
20th-century British sculptors
21st-century sculptors
English dentists
Photographers from Hertfordshire
20th-century English male artists
21st-century English male artists


Sir Richard Worsley, 7th Baronet,  (13 February 1751 – 8 August 1805), of Appuldurcombe House, Wroxall, Isle of Wight, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1801. He was a noted collector of antiquities.

Early life
Worsley was born on 13February 1751, at Appuldurcombe, the son of Sir Thomas Worsley, 6th Baronet (1726–1768), by his wife Elizabeth Boyle (1731–1800), daughter of John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork, and Henrietta, his first wife. He succeeded to his father's baronetcy on 23September 1768.

Educated at Winchester College, Worsley spent about two years in Naples with his parents from 1765 to 1767, before matriculating at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, on 9 April 1768. Instead of taking a degree, he decided to complete his education with a continental Grand Tour from 1769 to 1770, being tutored by Georges Deyverdun, who was a contact of Edward Gibbon, a family friend.

Political career
After his return to Britain Worsley served as High Sheriff of Hampshire for 1773–1774 and then entered the House of Commons in 1774 for the constituency of Newport. A supporter of the Lord North government, he was appointed a clerk comptroller of the board of green cloth in 1777, comptroller of the king's household (1779–1782), privy councillor (from 1780) and Governor of the Isle of Wight (1780–1782). In 1775 he married.

1779–1788
Worsley failed to win a seat at the Hampshire by-election of December 1779 and lost all his offices when the North administration fell in 1782. Scandals involving his wife further damaged his political career. Worsley left for Spain, Portugal, and France (1783–1784, quitting his parliamentary seat after his departure) and wintered in Rome. After further travels, he returned to England in 1788.

1790–1805

Worsley re-entered Parliament as MP for Newtown, Isle of Wight, from 1790 to 1793. He became British ambassador to the Republic of Venice from 1794 until Venice's annexation by France in 1797.  In the latter post he continued collecting antiquities (the French Revolutionary Wars keeping prices low at the time) and worked hard to keep France's ambassador from taking advantage of Venice's neutrality. He managed to escape Venice when the French invaded, transferring soon after his departure from a civilian convoy to a 14-gun Royal Navy sloop, leaving his art collections from Venice on the convoy with instructions to stay at Fiume to await a more peaceful situation in which to continue to England. He landed in England in mid-September 1797 and received a £600 annuity from the crown for his services.

Having been re-elected in absentia for Newtown in 1796, Worsley held that seat until Pitt the Younger resigned in February 1801, ending his participation in public life.

Antiquarian and collector
In 1778 Worsley was elected a Fellow of both the Society of Antiquaries of London and the Royal Society.

In February 1785 he left Rome for the Levant with Willey Reveley as draughtsman.  He visited Athens (from 1785), the Greek interior, Rhodes, Cairo, Constantinople, Sigeion (1786), Troy (1786) and the Crimea. During his travels he built up a collection of gems, paintings, sculpture and reliefs. He lost the paintings when the collection was interned in Portugal during his return from the east to Britain via Rome in 1787–88.  In Rome he bought more antiquities from Thomas Jenkins and Giovanni Battista Piranesi, and became a friend of the Spanish ambassador, Jose Nicolas de Azara, and the antiquary Ennio Quirino Visconti (who would later write the text for Worsley's publication of his collections (1794–1805)).

On his return Worsley arranged the collection at his house at Appuldurcombe, where he had the grounds landscaped by Capability Brown. His was the most extensive collection of ancient Greek sculpture in Britain, before the arrival of Elgin Marbles.

Worsley went into seclusion, principally at Sea Cottage (later known as Marine Villa), which he built in the early 1790s near St Lawrence, in the Undercliff of the Isle of Wight, adding small classical temples in its grounds and making a failed attempt to add a vineyard. In 1801 he received news from a British government agent that a French privateer had brought the ship carrying his art treasures into Málaga and that the paintings onboard had been bought up cheaply by Lucien Bonaparte.  Only the antiquities remained, which he reacquired by paying the French bounty on them.

Last years and death

Poor health prevented Worsley from taking part in defending the Isle of Wight against the Napoleonic invasion threat, but he carried on collecting until his death. He died of apoplexy on 8August 1805 at Appuldurcombe House and was buried at the parish church at Godshill. Most of Worsley's collections went to Brocklesby Park.

Works
 Completion of a History of the Isle of Wight by his father and grandfather, 1781
 Museum Worsleianum, or, A collection of antique basso relievos, bustos, statues and gems, with views of places in the Levant taken on the spot in the year MDCCLXXXV, VI and VII. (2 vols., London: From the Shakespeare Press by W. Bulmer & Co., 1794) [This catalogue of his collection has the date 1794 on both title-pages, but was issued serially in six fascicles] – part one issued 1798 (costing £2,887 4s), part one issued 1802. This work was written jointly with Ennio Quirino Visconti.
 Catalogue Raisonné of the Principal Paintings at Appuldurcombe (1804, privately printed)

Family
On 20 September 1775 Worsley married Seymour Fleming, the younger daughter and coheir of Sir John Fleming, 1st Baronet, of Brompton Park, Middlesex, and his wife, Lady Jane Fleming (died 1811). They had one legitimate son, Robert Edwin (1776–1795) and he claimed the paternity of Seymour's daughter, Jane Seymour Worsley, even though he knew her to be the daughter of Seymour's lover, Maurice George Bisset. Bisset was a Hampshire militia officer who lived near to them. This was done to avoid scandal, allowing the affair to remain a secret. Seymour Fleming brought £52,000 to the marriage, which soon became unhappy.

His wife was rumoured to have 27 lovers, and in 1782 Worsley brought a criminal conversation case for £20,000 against Bisset. The jury decided that Worsley had connived in the adultery and awarded him only one shilling in damages. In 1788 he and his estranged wife entered into articles of separation. After the separation, she reverted to her birth name, Fleming. Worsley began an affair with a Mrs Sarah Smith, which lasted until his death.

The baronetcy passed to Worsley's fourth cousin, Henry Worsley-Holmes. Fleming's £70,000 jointure reverted to her, and just over a month later, on 12September, she married John Lewis Cuchet at Farnham.

Worsley left the estate saddled with heavy debts. Appuldurcombe passed to his niece, Henrietta Anna Maria Charlotte (daughter of John Bridgeman Simpson), who married the Hon. Charles Anderson-Pelham, later first earl of Yarborough, in 1806.

References

Further reading

  [US title: The Lady in Red]

Attribution

|-

1751 births
1805 deaths
Members of Parliament for Newport (Isle of Wight)
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Oxford
English antiquarians
Baronets in the Baronetage of England
UK MPs 1801–1802
Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London
Fellows of the Royal Society
High Sheriffs of Hampshire
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Newtown
British MPs 1774–1780
British MPs 1780–1784
British MPs 1796–1800
Ambassadors of Great Britain to the Republic of Venice
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Newtown
Richard Worsley, 7th Baronet


Jacques Georges Deyverdun (8 May 1734, in Lausanne – 4 July 1789, in Aix-les-Bains) was a Swiss classical scholar and translator.  He translated Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther into French.

Deyverdun met Edward Gibbon in Lausanne and the two became friends.  He also acted as tutor to several English noblemen on the Grand Tour such as Philip Stanhope, 5th Earl of Chesterfield and Sir Richard Worsley, 7th Baronet.

Notes

1734 births
1789 deaths
Swiss classical scholars
Swiss translators
People from Lausanne
Translators of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe


Food of the Gods II, sometimes referred to as Gnaw: Food of the Gods II as well as Food of the Gods Part 2, is a 1989 Canadian science fiction film that is a very loose sequel to the 1976 Bert I. Gordon film The Food of the Gods, based on the 1904 H.G. Wells novel of the same name. It is a sequel in name only, as its plot bears no relation to the 1976 film.

The main themes of the film are animal testing and size change. In the film, a growth serum is tested on lab rats, turning them into giants. While the animals rampage, the use of the same serum on cancer cells causes massive tumors.

Plot
Dr. Neil Hamilton (Paul Coufos) receives a call from his mentor Dr. Kate Travis (Jackie Burroughs) about a young boy named Bobby, whose deficient growth has been treated with Travis' experimental serum. Bobby has swiftly and unexpectedly grown larger than a full-grown adult and become violent. To find an antidote, Neil takes a sample of the serum back to his lab at a university science complex. There, animal-rights activists led by Mark Hales (Réal Andrews) and Neil's girlfriend Alex Reed (Lisa Schrage) are protesting the work of Prof. Edmund Delhurst (Colin Fox), who claims to study cancer but in fact subjects animals to experimentation seeking a cure for baldness.

Neil and his assistant Joshua (Frank Pellegrino) inject the serum into some lab rats. That night, the activists (minus Alex) break into the complex to trash Delhurst's lab and accidentally release the now-giant rats, which kill Mark and escape into the campus' utility tunnels. Police Lieutenant Weizel (Michael Copeman) does not believe the surviving activists' statements despite Neil's corroboration about the serum, and Dean White (David B. Nichols) hires a pair of exterminators to handle what he believes are normal-sized rats.

The giant rats kill several people, including one of the exterminators; the surviving activists, Al and Angie, escape. But the giant rats apparently kill whoever tried to hunt down the animals themselves. Delhurst's assistant, a janitor named Zeke, is attacked, but the surviving exterminator, despite taking several bites to his arms and face, appears and burns the rat. Later, a night watchman tries to escape some rats, though he is killed off-screen.  Alex discovers the body of a workman (a man forced from his car and chased by rats) while two other men killed by the rats, whose bodies are still in the car, are discovered by the police. Although Lieutenant Weizel is convinced of the threat, Dean White remains skeptical and refuses to shut down the campus, due to the upcoming grand opening of the university's new sports complex. When Joshua falls victim to the rats, Neil attacks the Dean and is fired.

Delhurst steals the serum sample and tests it, first on Neil's pet rat Louise, then on a sample of cancer cells. He accidentally contaminates himself with treated cells and dies within minutes as his entire body develops massive tumors. Neil returns to the lab to retrieve the antidote he has created, testing it by destroying Delhurst's transformed corpse. Meanwhile, the rats attack the swim competition being held in the new sports complex, killing several people, including Dean White.

Neil uses the enlarged but still-docile Louise, who is in heat, to lure the giant (male) rats into the university courtyard, where Weizel and his men gun them all down. Neil phones Dr. Travis to inform her of the antidote, but it is too late; Bobby, now psychotic and larger than ever, kills Travis while she is on the phone and escapes.

Cast

Reception
Creature Feature gave the film two out of five stars, finding the effects ludicrous. Paul Lê of Bloody Disgusting said of the film, "As positively junky and sleazy as Gnaw: Food of the Gods II is, it is also immensely fun. The dead-serious tone clashes with the film’s fundamentally preposterous nature, and the audience laughs when the actors themselves cannot. The story gets odder with every passing minute, and the overall execution is bewildering. Even after all the skewering, this sequel still manages to outdo the original in some respects. How it goes about doing so would never be accepted as “good” in critic circles, but among B-movie fans, Gnaw is a treasure trove of absurdity and mindless entertainment."

References

External links

1989 films
English-language Canadian films
Films based on works by H. G. Wells
Giant monster films
New Line Cinema films
Carolco Pictures films
1989 horror films
Films about size change
Canadian sequel films
Films directed by Damian Lee
Canadian science fiction horror films
1980s science fiction horror films
Films about giants
Canadian natural horror films
Films produced by Damian Lee
Films about mice and rats
Films about animal testing
Films about cancer
1980s English-language films
1980s Canadian films


Adriana Muñoz Premier (born 16 March 1982) is a Cuban middle-distance runner who specialized in the 800 and 1500 metres.

At the Pan American Games she won gold medals in both events, the latter in a career best time of 4:09.57 minutes. She also competed in 800 metres at the 2003 World Championships, but without reaching the final.

Personal bests
Her personal best 800 metres time as 2:00.10 minutes, achieved in June 2004 in Havana.

400 m: 54.78 s –  La Habana, 29 June 2012
800 m: 2:00.10 min –  La Habana, 25 June 2004
1000 m: 2:37.28 min –  La Habana, 23 September 2011
1500 m: 4:09.57 min NR –  Santo Domingo, 7 August 2003
3000 m: 9:34.64 min –  San Fernando, 6 June 2010

Competition record

Notes

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Cuban female middle-distance runners
Athletes (track and field) at the 2003 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2011 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2015 Pan American Games
Pan American Games gold medalists for Cuba
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Central American and Caribbean Games bronze medalists for Cuba
Competitors at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in athletics
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games
Athletes from Santiago de Cuba


The East of Scotland Universities Air Squadron (), commonly known as ESUAS, is a squadron within the Royal Air Force established in 2003 as an amalgamation of "East Lowlands Universities Air Squadron" (ELUAS) and "Aberdeen, Dundee and St Andrews Universities Air Squadron" (ADStAUAS).  It is based at Leuchars Station (Royal Air Force Leuchars until 31 March 15 when it was transferred to Army control), in Fife and flies a fleet of six Grob Tutor aircraft.  ESUAS is the parent Squadron of No. 12 Air Experience Flight RAF, who share the aircraft.

A squadron leader is the Commanding Officer and ESUAS has another two Qualified Flying Instructors, one of whom is the Chief Ground Instructor, and the other is the Ground Training Instructor.  There are some 90 students, 20 civilian support staff who are contracted from Babcock, plus an adjutant and two civilian admin staff.

Students apply to join ESUAS at their university's Freshers' Fair and then undergo a selection process.  If successful they are attested and join the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve as an Officer Cadet symbolised by a white rank tab.  Normally, students are recruited for a period of two years.  Currently, ESUAS recruit from ten academic institutions in Eastern Scotland: Aberdeen, Abertay, Dundee, Edinburgh, Heriot-Watt, Napier, Perth, QMU, RGU, and St Andrews.

ESUAS' flying syllabus allows students to progress to achieve their PFB (Preliminary Flying Badge), along the way flying solo. Other activities include Sports, Adventurous Training, Charity, Engagement, Green's Training and a healthy social scene.

The aim of ESUAS, like other University Air Squadrons is to let young people experience life in the Royal Air Force, without commitment to regular service and to provide training in the fields mentioned.  ESUAS also parents sponsored students, on cadetships or bursaries, who will go on to join the RAF.

History
In 1925, as part of the creation of reserve forces for the relatively new Royal Air Force, Lord Trenchard instituted a Volunteer Reserve air squadron at Cambridge University to encourage suitable young men of good education to join the newly-formed Royal Air Force – or at least look upon it with favour when they formed the ranks of government or occupied other high echelons of society. That was followed three weeks later by the creation of a similar squadron at Oxford and in 1935 a third squadron at the University of London.
Then, in 1940, because of the attrition of aircrew and the need to recruit replacements and expand their numbers, Aberdeen University Air Squadron was created, along with those at the other three ancient Scottish universities and some older English ones, as part of the expansion of the RAF Reserve to prepare undergraduate men volunteering for aircrew duties for call-up for war service. At least two of these squadrons, Aberdeen and St Andrews, also provided short direct entry initial (officer) aircrew training course centres for non-undergraduates – mainly older and mainly English public schoolboys – who did not attend university as such but went on to aircrew training centres at the end of their six-month course.

After discussions with the University’s newly-created Military Education Committee headed by the Principal, recruiting for AUAS began in earnest under its first CO, Wing Commander Streatfield, temporarily rested from his post as CO of one of the Blenheim bomber squadrons then based at the newly-created RAF Dyce. Among others to join him later as instructors were Professor Edward M. Wright, later Principal of the University and at the time the head of the University’s Maths Department and himself ex-Oxford UAS who later joined the code-breakers at Bletchley Park, and Dr Potter, one of his Maths Department staff.
Before long, several of the University’s undergraduates had joined the squadron and were duly called up into active service – mainly as pilots or navigators or flight engineers. Some, a number of whose names appear in the Squadron history and photo albums now held in the University Library, were killed in action. Many others returned at the end of the war to complete their studies and graduate.
At least three of the young men who joined as soon as they were able to on 23 January 1941 after being founded at Marischal College of Aberdeen University, flying from Dyce airport before moving in December 1941 to Leuchars and combining with Edinburgh and Glasgow UASs on 26 July 1944 before reforming at Dyce in October 1946 as part of 66 Group before moving to Leuchars again on 3 October 1981 while part of 25 Group.

After the war, the Air Ministry decided to disband all University Air Squadrons since the Service now had too many aircrew and recruits were no longer needed. However, the University of Aberdeen’s Military Education Committee, led by the Principal, Sir William Fyffe-Hamilton, strongly disagreed with that proposal, believing that the UAS was a good thing for the University. Sir William went to London and persuaded the Air Ministry with much conviction that they were wrong, therefore almost single-handedly saving the entire University Air Squadron part of the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, which now reverted to its role of encouraging young men of good education to consider joining the RAF as pilots or navigators or at least to become air-minded. Flying training up to the standard of the rest of the RAFVR was instituted and resulted in many members joining the full-time service.

Over the years, many able personnel, male and female, of several disciplines entered the Service in greater numbers than many other UASs - many achieving the highest ranks - and flew almost all the aircraft ever to have been operated by it. In recognition of that, in 1966 virtually the entire Air Staff, led by the Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Sir Charles Elworthy, attended the squadron’s 25th Anniversary Dinner in Elphinstone Hall, a rare honour, arriving together at Dyce from London in an RAF Transport Command Comet IV.

In 1957 the rest of the RAFVR was finally disbanded, leaving the University Air Squadrons as the sole remaining part of the RAFVR. In 1981, because of the reduction of the Service generally, Aberdeen UAS was amalgamated with the resurrected St Andrews – now including the new Dundee University – University Air Squadron and then in 2003 was further amalgamated with the UAS serving the Edinburgh universities to form the current squadron East of Scotland UAS, now based at RAF Leuchars.

See also

Other University Air Squadrons
University Air Squadrons
Liverpool University Air Squadron
University of London Air Squadron
Cambridge University Air Squadron
Northumbrian Universities Air Squadron
Yorkshire Universities Air Squadron
University of Wales Air Squadron
University of Birmingham Air Squadron
Bristol University Air Squadron
Oxford University Air Squadron
Manchester and Salford University Air Squadron
Southampton University Air Squadron
Northern Ireland University Air Squadron
Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron

Affiliate Organisations
University Service Units, the umbrella that the URNU, UOTC and UAS fall under
University Royal Naval Unit, the Royal Navy equivalent
University Royal Naval Unit East Scotland, the Royal Navy counterpart
Officers Training Corps, the British Army equivalent
Tayforth UOTC, the British Army counterpart in St Andrews, Dundee and Stirling

Other
List of Royal Air Force aircraft squadrons

References

External links

Squadron website

Royal Air Force university air squadrons
Higher education in Scotland


Abdul Malik () is an Arabic (Muslim or Christian) male given name and, in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Malik. The name means "servant of the King", in the Christian instance 'King' meaning 'King of Kings' as in Jesus Christ and in Islam, Al-Malik being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.

The letter a of the al- is unstressed, and can be transliterated by almost any vowel, often by e. So the first part can appear as Abdel, Abdul or Abd-al. The second part may appear as Malik, Malek or in other ways. The whole name is subject to variable spacing and hyphenation.

There is a distinct but related name, Abdul Maalik (), meaning "servant of the Owner", referring to the Qur'anic name Mālik-ul-Mulk. The two names are difficult to distinguish in transliteration, and some of the names below are instance of the latter one.

It may refer to:

Males
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (646–705), 5th Umayyad Caliph, ruling from Damascus
Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (750–812), Abbasid governor and general
Abd al-Malik ibn Umar ibn Marwan (718–778), general and governor in Umayyad emirate or Cordoba.
Abd al-Malik ibn Quraib al-Asma'i (ca. 740–828), Iraqi scholar
Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir) (944–961), emir of the Sāmānids (Persia)
Abd al-Malik II (Samanid emir) (fl. 999), emir of the Sāmānids (Persia)
Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar (died 1008), general and vizier of the Caliphate of Cordoba, and governor of Seville and Saragossa
Abu Manşūr 'Abd ul-Malik ibn Mahommed ibn Isma'īl, known as Tha'ālibī (961–1038), Persian-Arabic philologist and writer
Abū Merwān ’Abdal-Malik ibn Zuhr (1091–1161), Muslim physician, pharmacist, surgeon, parasitologist and teacher in Al-Andalus
Abd al-Malik ibn Rabi, early narrator of hadith
Abd al-Malik Abd al-Wahid (died 1339) son of Marinid Sultan of Morocco Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Othman
Ali ibn Abd-al-Malik al-Hindi (1472–1567), Sunni Muslim scholar
Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi (died 1578), Sultan of Saadi Dynasty in Morocco
Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik II (reigned 1627–1631), Sultan of Morocco
Abdalmalik of Morocco (1696–1729), Sultan of Morocco
Anwar bin Abdul Malik (1898–1998), Malaysian politician
Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah (1908–1981), Indonesian Muslim scholar
Abdul Malek Ukil (1924–1987), Bangladeshi lawyer and politician
Ahmed Abdul-Malik (1927–1993), Sudanese-American jazz musician
Abdul Malik, Bangladeshi Brigadier (rtd.) (born 1929), first Pakistani cardiologist, founder of National Heart Foundation
Abdul Malik, name used by Michael X (1933–1975), Trinidadian black revolutionary
Abdul Malik (athlete) (born 1939), Pakistani sprinter
Abdulmalik Dehamshe (born 1943), Arab-Israeli politician
Abdul Malik Mujahid (born 1951), Pakistani-American imam
 Abdelmalek Droukdel (born 1970), Algerian al-Qaeda member
Abdulmalik Mohammed (born 1973), Kenyan suspected of hotel bombing, held in Guantanamo
Abd al Malik (rapper) (born 1975), Congolese-French rapper
Abdul Malik Mydin (born 1975), Malaysian swimmer
Abdul-Malik al-Houthi (born 1979), Yemeni rebel
Ahmed Eid Abdel Malek (born 1980), Egyptian footballer
Abdelmalek Cherrad (born 1981), Algerian footballer
 Abdelmalek Djeghbala (born 1983), Algerian footballer
Abdolmalek Rigi (ca. 1983–2010), Iranian Sunni militant
Abdul Malik (born 1983), Prince of Brunei
Abdelmalek Ziaya (born 1984), Algerian footballer
Abdelmalek Mokdad (born 1985), Algerian footballer
Abdul-Malik Abu (born 1995), American basketball player in the Israeli Premier Basketball League
Abdul Malik Jaber, Palesinain businessman
Johari Abdul-Malik, American imam
Abdul Malik Pahlawan, Afghan militia leader who led his forces for both the Taliban and Northern Alliance
Abdul Malik (Sergeant), Ghanaian military officer
Abdul Malik (cricketer), Afghan cricketer
 Zainal Abidin Abdul Malik, Singaporean murderer

Females
 Hanadi Tayseer Abdul Malek Jaradat, or just Hanadi Jaradat (1975–2003), Palestinian suicide bomber

Places
Ramadan Ben-Abdelmalek Stadium, stadium in Constantine, Algeria

References

Arabic-language masculine given names
Masculine given names
Iranian masculine given names


Chiswell's Inheritance, also known as Chiswell's Manor, Chiswell's Delight and Grayhaven Manor, is a historic home located at Poolesville, Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is a two-story, five-bay brick plantation house with an attached kitchen wing on the south end. Inlaid in glazed brick near the peak of the gable is the inscription "C S" with the date "1796" below.

Chiswell's Inheritance was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

References

External links
, including photo in 1973, at Maryland Historical Trust website

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Houses completed in 1796
Houses in Montgomery County, Maryland
Plantation houses in Maryland
Historic American Buildings Survey in Maryland
National Register of Historic Places in Montgomery County, Maryland
1796 establishments in Maryland


The Penance and the Patience is the debut EP by Australian rock band Closure in Moscow, released on 18 April 2008 through Taperjean Records. The band advertised the EP as an albumette.

The EP was originally only released in Australia, New Zealand and Japan through Taperjean Records. It was also available for import to overseas countries through Fist2Face, and through the iTunes Store as a worldwide digital download. The EP debuted at #13 on the Australian Independent Record (AIR) album charts. It has received over one million MySpace plays and earned the band a mention in Alternative Press, as one of the "100 Bands You Need to Know in 2009".

The EP was released on vinyl in August 2021, when it re-entered the AIR chart, peaking at number 4.

Reception

Track listing

Personnel

Closure in Moscow
 Michael Barrett – guitar
 Christopher James deCinque – lead vocals
 Brad Kimber – bass guitar
 Beau McKee – drums
 Mansur Zennelli – guitar, vocals

Additional musicians
 Angelina Morino – lead vocals (tracks 3, 5)

Recording and art work
 Recorded – Kris Crummett at Sing Sing Studios, Melbourne
 Produced – Kris Crummett, Closure in Moscow
 Engineered – Kris Crummett, Ben Eherensburg
 Mixed and mastered – Kris Crummett, at Interlace Audio Recording Studios, Portland, Oregon
 Illustration – Joel Melrose
 Art design and layout – Synapse Design

Charts

References

Closure in Moscow albums
2008 EPs


Etc. Works is the fifth album released in 2008 by the Okinawa band Mongol800.  This album is the 10th Anniversary release.  The tracks include various works with other Okinwan bands, and a few songs written and composed with just the band themselves.

Track listing
 ラッキー8     ｢Rakki-8｣
 大迷惑     ｢Daimeiwaku｣
 Beautiful (BLACK BOTTOM BRASS BAND & Mongol 800)
 輪 (feat.キヨサク / 山嵐)     ｢Wa｣
 ナサキ (RYUKYUDISKO feat. Mongol 800)    ｢Nasaki｣
 Remember (RIP SLYME with Mongol 800)
 ひとりじゃない (SOFFet with Mongol 800)     ｢Hitori Janai｣
 オーバーラップワルツ     ｢Oobaa Rappu Warutsu｣
 Party (Stinking Blue Beat feat. Mongol 800)
 さよなら     ｢Sayonara｣
 二十九の春     ｢29 No Haru｣
 百々 (Mongol 800 with 古謝 美佐子)     ｢Momo｣
 安里屋ユンタク     ｢Asadoya Yuntaku｣

References

External links
  Official site
  Oricon Album Information
 Romaji & Kanji Lyrics

2008 albums
Tissue Freak Records albums


Ernst Josef Albert Weiner (13 December 1913 – 17 December 1945) was a German SS-Hauptsturmführer during World War II. He was most noted for his role in Operation Blumenpflücken during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany.

Early life
Ernst Weiner was born on 13 December 1913 in Neustadt an der Waldnaab, Bavaria, Germany, to a merchant father. After high school, he attended a seminary for a year to train as a Catholic priest, before giving up theology and working for a time in the Bavarian administration.

World War II
Weiner became a member of the German National Socialist Party (NSDAP) in 1935 and joined the Nuremberg police in 1936. His first police job was at the passport office and later he supervised religious sects. He then worked to secure German industry against sabotage. With the help and friendship of the Nuremberg police president, Dr. Martin, Weiner advanced to become a police adjutant.

In February 1944, Weiner was stationed in Norway, where he held the ranks of SS-Hauptsturmführer and Kriminalrat. He was head of Gestapo Office IV N in Oslo, which operated under the Sicherheitspolizei.

Weiner was involved in a retaliation operation named Operation Blumenpflücken, and personally conducted four murders as part of it, killing Einar Hærland, Sigurd Roll, Gunnar Spangen and Sigrid Hammerø. However, historians Arnfinn Moland and Tore Pryser do not include Hammerø in this list, placing the number of victims at three.

Post-war and death
Following the Nazi surrender and end of World War II in Europe on 8 May 1945, Weiner disguised himself in a Wehrmacht uniform and used a false name to blend in with imprisoned German soldiers at a camp near Støren in Sør-Trøndelag. Despite being recognised at the camp, and the fact he was wanted for war crimes, Weiner was transferred back to Germany to a camp in Bremen. British authorities eventually realised what had happened and had him returned to Norway. The two personnel responsible for letting him return to Germany were both fired.

Weiner was interrogated as a part of the post-war legal purge in Norway, but was never convicted: on 17 December 1945, while being held at the Akershus Fortress, he shot and killed himself and a fellow prisoner. However, it has been claimed by fellow inmates that he was murdered as an act of revenge.

See also

 Heinrich Fehlis
 Hellmuth Reinhard
 Josef Terboven
 Siegfried Fehmer
 Wilhelm Rediess
 Grini detention camp
 Reichskommissariat Norwegen

References

1913 births
1944 murders in Norway
1945 deaths
1945 suicides
German expatriates in Norway
German murderers
Murder–suicides in Europe
Nazis who died by suicide in prison custody
Nazi war criminals
Prisoners who died in Norwegian detention
SS and Police Leaders
SS-Hauptsturmführer
Suicides by firearm in Norway


Tomás Graves (born 27 January 1953, Palma de Mallorca, Spain) is a graphic designer, printer, musician and writer. He is the son of the poet Robert Graves and Beryl Graves (née Pritchard).

Biography
In 1964, he began at Bedales boarding school in England. In 1972, he began studying typographic design at the London College of Printing. In 1975, he returned to Majorca and began working as a designer, photographer and musician. In 1979, he travelled to Nicaragua for six months to observe and document the Sandinista revolution in recordings and photographs, and playing with the Teatro Popular Sandinista.

He joined the Mallorcan band, Pa Amb Oli (Bread and Olive Oil) in 1980. The same year, he met his future wife, Carmen. In 1983, Graves and Carmen established the New Seizin Press in Deià, producing entirely hand-made books until 2000. Their daughter, Rocío, was born in 1987, and Tomás and Carmen married in 1996.

He began writing and translating in 1996. His first translation was of Guy de Forestier's Beloved Majorcans into English, followed by his own work in Spanish, Un hogar en Mallorca (A Home in Majorca). Volem pa amb oli was translated as Bread and Oil and has also appeared in Dutch  (Brood en olie). His first book written in English was Tuning Up at Dawn.

Books
A Home in Majorca: Graves' first book, co-written with Pere Joan and published in Spain, is a handbook for people who have settled in rural Majorca. It covers all aspects of Mediterranean life including traditional architecture, rights of way, flora and fauna, water management and village politics.
Bread and Oil, a collection of recipes and insights centred on the bread and oil that form the staple ingredients of the Majorcan diet. The book concerns not just food but also social history and culture.
Tuning Up at Dawn combines Graves' reminiscences of growing up with his father and family in Majorca and England, his career as a musician and printer, Spanish culture and politics and his affection for Spain and particularly Majorca. Tuning Up at Dawn was a BBC Radio 4 Book of the Week in 2005.

Published works
 Tuning up at Dawn: A Memoir of Music and Majorca (2004);
 Bread and Oil: Majorcan Culture's Last Stand (2006);
With Pere Joan
 A Home in Majorca (1998)
Contributions to:
 Time Out Guide to Mallorca & Menorca
 Rough Guide to the Balearics

References

1953 births
Living people
Spanish male writers
Spanish people of English descent
People educated at Bedales School
People from Palma de Mallorca
Spanish typographers and type designers
Musicians from the Balearic Islands
Painters from the Balearic Islands
Graves family
Alumni of the London College of Printing


Jerusalem: The Three Roads to the Holy Land is a 2002 historical adventure game. The game was developed by Arxel Tribe and Réunion des Musées Nationaux, and published by Cryo Interactive. It is a sequel to the game Pompei: The Legend of Vesuvius.

Development
The game consists of a series of 75 interactive screens. The sets were reconstructed and validated with help from the Réunion des Musées Nationaux. The characters were made through photorealistic 3D modeling.

Plot
When a Scottish cartographer by the name of Adrien Blake returns from an expedition he discovers that his fiancée, Sophia, has disappeared. He must travel to Jerusalem to search for her. The story unfolds in the year 1552.

Critical reception
Jihem of JeuxVideo noted that the game had inferior graphics, while expressing that it would appeal to intellectual history enthusiasts. Laura MacDonald of Just Adventure negatively compared the game to Syberia, and suggested that Putt Putt Travels Through Time was a more sincere game than Jerusalem. 4 Players' Bodo Naser thought the game was too linear and had conversations that felt like the silent player hearing monologues from characters. Slydos of Adventure-Archiv thought the game was very short.

References

External links
 Main page
 Jerusalem: The Three Roads to the Holy Land at Microïds
 Press article 1
 Press article 2
 Press article 3
 PC Pointer review
 Games Flow review
 Tiscali review
 NQuest review
 Absolute Games review

2002 video games
Cryo Interactive games
Fiction set in the 1550s
First-person adventure games
History educational video games
Classic Mac OS games
Microïds games
Ottoman Empire in fiction
Point-and-click adventure games
Religion in popular culture
Video games about time travel
Video games developed in Slovenia
Video game sequels
Video games set in Jerusalem
Video games set in the 16th century
Windows games
Arxel Tribe games