The 1948 Donora smog killed 20 people and caused respiratory problems for 6,000 of the 14,000 people living in Donora, Pennsylvania, a mill town on the Monongahela River  southeast of Pittsburgh. The event is commemorated by the Donora Smog Museum.

Sixty years later, the incident was described by The New York Times as "one of the worst air pollution disasters in the nation's history." Even 10 years after the incident, mortality rates in Donora were significantly higher than those in other communities nearby.

Incident
The fog started building up in Donora on Wednesday, October 27, 1948. By the following day it was causing coughing and other signs of respiratory distress for many residents of the community in the Monongahela River valley. Many of the illnesses and deaths were initially attributed to asthma. The smog continued until it rained on Sunday, October 31, by which time 20 residents of Donora had died and approximately one third to one half of the town's population of 14,000 residents had been sickened. Another 50 residents died of respiratory causes within a month after the incident; notable among the fatalities was Lukasz Musial, the father of future baseball Hall of Famer and the 1948 National League MVP Stan Musial.

Hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide emissions from U.S. Steel's Donora Zinc Works and its American Steel & Wire plant were frequent occurrences in Donora. What made the 1948 event more severe was a temperature inversion, a situation in which warmer air aloft traps pollution in a layer of colder air near the surface. The pollutants in the air mixed with fog to form a thick, yellowish, acrid smog that hung over Donora for five days. The sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, fluorine, and other poisonous gases that usually dispersed into the atmosphere were caught in the inversion and accumulated until rain ended the weather pattern.

Two of the heroes to emerge during the four-day smog were Chief John Volk of the Donora Fire Department and his assistant Russell Davis. Volk and Davis responded to calls from Friday night, the 29th until Sunday night, the 31st, depleting their supply of  of oxygen, borrowing more from all nearby municipalities, including McKeesport, Monessen, and Charleroi. "I didn’t take any myself. What I did every time I came back to the station was have a little shot of whiskey."

The eight doctors in the town, who belonged to the Donora Medical Association, made house calls much like the firefighters during the period of intense smog, often visiting the houses of patients who were treated by the other doctors in town. This was a result of patients calling every doctor in town in the hope of getting treatment faster. It was not until mid-day Saturday, the 30th, that Mrs. Cora Vernon, executive director of the American Red Cross, had it set up so that all calls going to the doctors’ offices would be switched to the emergency center being established in the town hall. The smog was so intense that driving was nearly abandoned; those who chose to continue driving took risks. “I drove on the left side of the street with my head out the window. Steering by scraping the curb.” recalled Davis.

It was not until Sunday morning, the 31st, that a meeting occurred between the operators of the plants and the town officials. August Z. Chambon, the burgess (mayor) of Donora, requested the plants temporarily cease operations. The superintendent of the plants, L.J. Westhaver, said the plants had already begun shutting down operation at around 6:00 that morning. With the rain alleviating the smog, the plants resumed normal operation the following morning.

Researchers analyzing the event have focused likely blame on pollutants from the zinc plant, whose emissions had killed almost all vegetation within a half-mile radius of the plant. Dr. Devra L. Davis, director of the Center for Environmental Oncology at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, has pointed to autopsy results showing fluorine levels in victims in the lethal range, as much as 20 times higher than normal. Fluorine gas generated in the zinc smelting process became trapped by the stagnant air and was the primary cause of the deaths. Further research was conducted by Mary Amdur about the effects of the smog; she was pressured to withdraw publication of these results but refused to be bowed.

Aftermath
Preliminary results of a study performed by Clarence A. Mills of the University of Cincinnati and released in December 1948 showed that thousands more Donora residents could have been killed if the smog had lasted any longer than it had.

Lawsuits were filed against U.S. Steel, which never acknowledged responsibility for the incident, calling it "an act of God". While the steel company did not accept blame, it reached a settlement in 1951 in which it paid about $235,000, which was stretched over the 80 victims who had participated in the lawsuit, leaving them little after legal expenses were factored in. Representatives of American Steel and Wire settled the more than $4.6 million claimed in 130 damage suits at about 5% of what had been sought, noting that the company was prepared to show at trial that the smog had been caused by a "freak weather condition" that trapped over Donora "all of the smog coming from the homes, railroads, the steamboats, and the exhaust from automobiles, as well as the effluents from its plants." U.S. Steel closed both plants by 1966.

By 1949, a year after the disaster, the total value of the predominantly residential property in Donora had declined by nearly 10%.

The Donora Smog was one of the incidents where Americans recognized that exposure to large amounts of pollution in a short period of time can result in injuries and fatalities. The event is often credited for helping to trigger the clean-air movement in the United States, whose crowning achievement was the Clean Air Act of 1963, which required the United States Environmental Protection Agency to develop and enforce regulations to protect the general public from exposure to hazardous airborne contaminants.

The incident was little spoken of in Donora until a historical marker was placed in the town in 1998, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the incident. The 60th anniversary, in 2008, was commemorated with memorials for the families of the victims and other educational programs. The Donora Smog Museum was opened on October 20, 2008, located in an old storefront at 595 McKean Avenue near Sixth Street, with the slogan "Clean Air Started Here". Fewer than 6,000 people still live in Donora.

Media coverage and influence

The Donora event led to the first large-scale epidemiological investigation of an environmental health disaster in the United States.

An account of the smog was published in 1950 by the noted medical writer Berton Roueché in The New Yorker under the title "The Fog".  Together with another article,  "A Pig From Jersey" (about a mass-case of foodborne illness), this article won him the 1950 Albert Lasker Medical Journalism Award. "The Fog" was later included in his celebrated collection of short stories Eleven Blue Men.
Devra Davis' 2002 novel When Smoke Ran Like Water starts with the Donora Smog.

The 2009 novel Don't Kill the Messenger by Joel Pierson features a fictional town, Wyandotte, Pennsylvania, which became a ghost town after a smog incident, based on the Donora Smog.

In 2023 Andy McPhee's book, Donora Death Fog: Clean Air and the Tragedy of a Pennsylvania Mill Town, was published by the University of Pittsburgh Press.

An hour-long documentary, Rumor of Blue Sky, produced by Andrew Maietta and Janet Whitney, aired on WQED TV in April 2009. The film features archival images and interviews with survivors of the environmental tragedy.

The Donora smog incident was mentioned in Netflix's The Crown in 2016, when it depicted a similar incident in London in 1952.

The Weather Channel produced an episode of When Weather Changed History on the Donora smog incident. The incident would be revisited in a later Weather Channel series, Weather That Changed The World.

In 1995, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission installed a historical marker noting the historic importance of the event.

See also
1930 Meuse Valley fog
1939 St. Louis smog
2013 Eastern China smog
Great Smog of London
Pea soup fog

References

Sources
Overview of the 1948 Donora Smog, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

Don Hopey (2008). Museum remembers Donora's deadly 1948 smog: story by Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved October 21, 2008.
Weather Channel (2008). When Weather Changed History: Killer Smog. Retrieved November 6, 2008.

Smog events
Donora Smog, 1948
Donora Smog
Donora Smog
Environmental disasters in the United States
Donora Smog, 1948
Donora Smog
Donora Smog
U.S. Steel


A Dog's Ransom (1972) is a psychological thriller novel by Patricia Highsmith.

Synopsis
Publishing executive Ed Reynolds finds a disturbing ransom note in the Manhattan apartment he shares with his wife: "Dear sir: I have your dog, Lisa. She is well and happy... I gather she is important to you? We'll see." They pay the ransom and the criminal is apprehended. Only then do events swirl out of control, leading to the downfall of several innocent characters and the triumph of evil.

Reception
An anonymous reviewer in The New York Times wrote: "Evil, the author tells us, is a force against which ordinary people are all but helpless; its psychopathology lies outside their life styles." He praised Highsmith's writing: "Without overwriting, without belaboring a point, she skillfully probes deeper and deeper. She has a good ear for dialogue, and the ability to underline character with only a few words, or the briefest snatch of conversation."

Television adaptation
John Griffith Bowen dramatized the novel for Thames Television in 1978 for their anthology series Armchair Thriller, moving the action from New York to London.

References

1972 American novels
Novels by Patricia Highsmith
Alfred A. Knopf books
American novels adapted into television shows
Novels set in New York City


L. Chris Ross (born November 3, 1951) is an ex-six-term representative of the 158th Legislative District of Pennsylvania, United States.  He was Republican Chairman of the House Intergovernmental Affairs Committee and was also a member of the House Environmental Resources and Energy Committee.

Career
Ross' career in public service began shortly after his graduation from college.  He worked on the successful campaigns of US Senator John Heinz in 1976 and former Pennsylvania Governor Dick Thornburgh in 1978.

He served seven years as Chairman of the London Grove Township’s Board of Supervisors.  Ross was also a former board member of the Upland School, where he chaired the school’s Education Committee and was chairman of the board of directors of the Fairville Early Learning Center (now known as Fairville Friends School).

He also was a business owner of Rox Industries, Inc. prior to his tenure as a state representative.

Personal
Ross is a 1974 graduate of Harvard University, where he earned a bachelor's degree in history.  In 2002, the political website PoliticsPA named him to the list of "Smartest Legislators."

He is involved in several community groups and organizations, including the Brandywine Conservancy, the Pennsylvania Farm Bureau, and the Pennsylvania Environmental Council, among others.

Ross and his wife live in Kennett Square and have two children.

References

External links
 State Representative Chris Ross  official Pennsylvania House website.
 Pennsylvania House Republican Caucus Pennsylvania House Republican Caucus site.

Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Harvard University alumni
Living people
1951 births
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians


Many ships of the French Navy have borne the name Néréide, after the Nereid (sea nymphs):

 Néréide (1690), a galley
 Néréide (1696), a 20-gun frigate
 , a 42-gun frigate, broken up in 1743.
 , a 32-gun , captured in 1797 by  off the Scilly Isles and taken into service as HMS Nereide. The French recaptured her in 1810 during the Battle of Grand Port; she was broken up after being badly damaged.
 , a 44-gun frigate, captured in 1811 and taken into service as . She was struck from the Navy list in 1819.
 , a 46-gun frigate which bore the name Rancune
 , a 52-gun frigate
 , a  launched in 1914 and struck in 1935

French Navy ship names


Michael "Mick"/"Mike" Smith (born ) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Featherstone Rovers (Heritage № 446), and Huddersfield, as a , or , i.e. number 3 or 4, or 6.

Background
Michael Smith was born in Rossington, Doncaster, West Riding of Yorkshire, England.

Playing career

County honours
Michael Smith won caps for Yorkshire while at Featherstone Rovers; during the 1974–75 season against Cumbria and Other Nationalities.

Challenge Cup Final appearances
Mick Smith played  in Featherstone Rovers' 17-12 victory over Barrow in the 1966–67 Challenge Cup Final during the 1966–67 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 13 May 1967, in front of a crowd of 76,290, played right-, i.e. number 3, (replaced by interchange/substitute David "Dave" Hartley) in the 33-14 victory over Bradford Northern in the 1972–73 Challenge Cup Final during the 1972–73 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 12 May 1973, in front of a crowd of 72,395, and played right-, i.e. number 3, in the 9-24 defeat by Warrington in the 1973–74 Challenge Cup Final during the 1973–74 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 11 May 1974, in front of a crowd of 77,400.

County Cup Final appearances
Mick Smith played  in Featherstone Rovers' 12-25 defeat by Hull Kingston Rovers in the 1966–67 Yorkshire County Cup Final during the 1966–67 season at Headingley Rugby Stadium, Leeds on Saturday 15 October 1966, played left-, i.e. number 4, in the 9-12 defeat by Hull F.C. in the 1969–70 Yorkshire County Cup Final during the 1969–70 season at Headingley Rugby Stadium, Leeds on Saturday 20 September 1969, and played , i.e. number 2, in the 7-23 defeat by Leeds in the 1970–71 Yorkshire County Cup Final during the 1970–71 season at Odsal Stadium, Bradford on Saturday 21 November 1970.

Club career
Mick Smith made his début for Featherstone Rovers on Saturday 31 October 1964, and he played his last match for Featherstone Rovers during the 1976–77 season, he appears to have scored no drop-goals (or field-goals as they are currently known in Australasia), but prior to the 1974–75 season all goals, whether; conversions, penalties, or drop-goals, scored 2-points, consequently prior to this date drop-goals were often not explicitly documented, therefore '0' drop-goals may indicate drop-goals not recorded, rather than no drop-goals scored.

Career records
The Featherstone Rovers most tries in a match record of six tries is jointly held by; Chris Bibb, Brad Dwyer, and Mike Smith, Smith scored six tries against Doncaster on Saturday 13 April 1968.

Testimonial match
Mick Smith's benefit season/testimonial match at Featherstone Rovers took place during the 1974–75 season.

Coaching career
Mick Smith has coached Doncaster Toll Bar Under-16s.

Honoured at Featherstone Rovers
Mick Smith is a Featherstone Rovers Hall of Fame inductee.

References

External links

1947 births
Living people
English rugby league coaches
English rugby league players
Featherstone Rovers players
Huddersfield Giants players
People from Rossington
Place of birth missing (living people)
Rugby league centres
Rugby league five-eighths
Rugby league players from Doncaster
Yorkshire rugby league team players


Tony Madison (born 1971) is a retired professional American basketball player who played NCAA basketball for the New Orleans Privateers.

He is most famous for playing in the Lebanese Basketball League for Tadamon Zouk Lebanese basketball club for many seasons. He later played for Champville SC, Al-Riyadi and again Champville SC in the same league. He is regarded as one of the best imports in the Middle East after having played in Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and Iran.

Career
  University of New Orleans
  Tadamon Zouk
  Champville SC
  Al-Riyadi
  Al-Ittihad
  Mahram Tehran (2007–08)
  Petrochimi Bandar Imam (2008–10)
  Champville SC (2010)

References

1971 births
Living people
American expatriate basketball people in Iran
American expatriate basketball people in Lebanon
American expatriate basketball people in Saudi Arabia
American men's basketball players
Mahram Tehran BC players
New Orleans Privateers men's basketball players
Al Riyadi Club Beirut basketball players


Princess Alexandrine-Louise of Denmark (Alexandrine-Louise Caroline-Mathilde Dagmar) (12 December 1914 – 26 April 1962) was a Danish princess as a daughter of Prince Harald of Denmark and granddaughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark.

As the wife of Count Luitpold of Castell-Castell she became a countess of Castell-Castell by marriage.

Early life
 Princess Alexandrine-Louise was born on 12 December 1914 at the Jægersborghus country house in Gentofte north of Copenhagen, Denmark.

She was the third child and daughter of Prince Harald of Denmark, son of King Frederick VIII of Denmark and Princess Louise of Sweden. Her mother was Princess Helena of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, daughter of Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.

Marriage and issue
Before her marriage, Alexandrine-Louise was frequently mentioned as a possible queen consort to Edward VIII of the United Kingdom.

On 24 August 1936, her engagement to Count Luitpold of Castell-Castell, eldest child and son of Count Otto Friedrich of Castell-Castell and his wife, Princess Amélie of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg, was announced by special permission of Alexandrine-Louise's uncle Christian X of Denmark. The couple had met for the first time in Berlin during the 1936 Summer Olympics. Following their first meeting, Luitpold and Alexandrine-Louise spent nearly every day together. Before her departure from Berlin, Luitpold proposed marriage and Alexandrine-Louise accepted. At the time of their engagement announcement, Luitpold was a law student residing in Munich.

Luitpold and Alexandrine-Louise were married on 22 January 1937 at Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen, Denmark. Footage of the wedding on nitrate film is preserved by the Danish Film Institute in their bunker archive for nitrate film at Store Dyrehave in Hillerød. According to the film archivist Karin Bonde Johansen regarding the scenes captured by the film, "the atmosphere looks cheerful and wild looking, but unfortunately there is no audio to the footage."

The couple had three children:

 Amélie Alexandrine Helene Caroline Mathilde Pauline (b. Berlin 25 May 1938); m. Hochburg (civil) 3 September 1965 (religious) 5 September 1965 Oscar Ritter von Miller zu Aichholz (b. Vienna 7 July 1934) has issue
 Thyra Antonie Marie-Therese Feodora Agnes (b. Berlin 14 September 1939); m. Copenhagen 3 November 1961 Karl Moritz Moes (b. Copenhagen 17 October 1937) has issue
 Otto-Luitpold Gustav Friedrich Christian Harald Carl (Berlin 13 March 1942 – Berlin 19 March 1943)

Later life
Count Luitpold was killed in action in World War II in Bankya near Sofia, Bulgaria on 6/8 November 1941.

Countess Alexandrine-Louise died in Copenhagen on 26 April 1962.

Ancestry

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links
 Wedding photograph of Count Luitpold of Castell-Castell and Princess Alexandrine-Louise of Denmark

1914 births
1962 deaths
House of Glücksburg (Denmark)
House of Castell
Danish princesses
Burials at Roskilde Cathedral


This is a list of Space Shuttle rollbacks. "Rollback" is the term NASA uses when the Space Shuttle was rolled back from the launch pad atop the mobile launcher platform and Crawler-transporter to the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB). A variety of factors could require a rollback, from severe weather to the need for repairs that could not be performed at the launch pad. Shuttle rollbacks are listed in chronological order:

References

External links
NASA Shuttle page

Space Shuttle program


Garpax Records was an American record label, established by Gary S. Paxton, which first issued the song "Monster Mash" by Bobby "Boris" Pickett in 1962.  It was distributed by London Records.  The label lasted from 1962 to 1965.

References

Defunct record labels of the United States
London Records
Record labels established in 1962
Record labels disestablished in 1965


Under My Skin: Volume One of My Autobiography, to 1949  (1994) was the first volume of Doris Lessing's autobiography, covering the period of her life from birth in 1919 to leaving Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in 1949.

Although Lessing describes her fiction as not autobiographical, in this volume she makes explicit comparisons between herself and the leading character, Martha Quest, of the Children of Violence series.

The second volume of Lessing's autobiography appeared in 1997: Walking in the Shade: Volume II of my Autobiography (1949–1962).

References

1994 non-fiction books
Literary autobiographies
Works by Doris Lessing
HarperCollins books


Billy Gilliland (born 27 March 1957) is a former badminton player from Scotland who excelled from the mid-1970s through the mid-1980s.

Career
Although he won the Scottish national singles title in 1979, the tall, angular Gilliland was a doubles specialist at the international level with his greatest success coming in mixed doubles. Gilliland won mixed doubles at the prestigious All-England Championships with England's Nora Perry in 1985. He had previously reached the All-England final in both men's doubles and mixed doubles in 1982. He was a mixed doubles bronze medalist at the 1977 IBF World Championships with Joanna Flockhart. Though he won numerous tournaments abroad, perhaps Gilliland's most impressive badminton accomplishment was sharing twelve consecutive Scottish national mixed doubles titles equally with two partners, between 1976 and 1987. With regular partner Dan Travers, he won nine Scottish national men's doubles titles during that period, and men's doubles at the Commonwealth Games in 1986. He now coaches badminton in
a badminton academy.

Achievements

World Games
Men's doubles

IBF World Grand Prix
The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) from 1983 to 2006.

Men's doubles

References

External links

1957 births
Living people
Scottish male badminton players
Badminton coaches
Badminton players at the 1978 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games medallists in badminton
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Scotland
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Scotland
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Scotland
World Games medalists in badminton
World Games bronze medalists
Competitors at the 1981 World Games
Medallists at the 1978 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 1986 Commonwealth Games


IDEA Verona is an Italian language, art, and culture school for foreigners visiting or living in Verona. The school was founded in 1998 and is located at the Don Bosco Institute in the historical centre of Verona.

Language classes are offered at every level of Italian, from beginning to advanced.  Other classes offered include art history, Italian cooking, fresco painting, and speciality courses for students studying in music and opera singing.

IDEA Verona is an accredited language school and collaborates with the study abroad programs of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (USA), British Columbia University (Canada), and Macquarie University(Australia).  Within Verona, the school operates  accordance with the Chamber of Commerce of Verona and the Dante Alighieri Society. The school is an authorised centre of PLIDA (Progetto Lingua Italiana Dante Alighieri) the recognised certificate in Italian language, according to Università La Sapienza - Roma.

External links
 IDEA Verona

References

 IDEA Verona homepage
 University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Study Abroad Office, Verona Studies Program
 Macquarie University
 Alexander Language Services, AbroadLanguageStudy.com

Education in Verona


Mart Racer is a racing game for WiiWare developed by American studio Joju Games, released in North America on September 14, 2009. It supports up to 4 players offline and online through the Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection.

Gameplay
Set in a supermarket, the game sees players pushing around shopping carts as they complete a list of 6 items they must collect and bring back to the checkout before their opponents can. Players always compete against 3 other human or AI opponents, and as items only respawn after a 1-minute wait, players are encouraged to steal items from each other, exploiting 6 different power-ups for offense or defense.

Mart Racer features twelve different supermarkets to race in, with new stages unlocked by winning. The game is controlled by players gripping the Wii Remote like the bar on a shopping cart, tilting it forward and back to accelerate and brake, and twisting it to steer. The Classic Controller is also supported.

Reception
Wiiloveit.com gave the game an 18/30, stating that the execution "leaves much to be desired", making it "extremely difficult to justify the 800-point price tag". It was also commented that the online mode isn't much of a saving grace since it's almost impossible to get a match going.

References

2009 video games
Racing video games
WiiWare games
Wii-only games
Wii Wi-Fi games
Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection games
North America-exclusive video games
Video games developed in the United States


Saksit Vejsupaporn (, , ), popularly known by the nickname Tor (stylized ToR+; , , ), is a Thai pop singer and pianist.

Biography
Saksit was born on 20 January 1984. His father, , was lead and guitarist for the Thai band Grand Ex', which was active during the 1970s and 1980s. Saksit began playing the piano at the age of three, and played for church from the age of nine. (He is a Protestant.) His early accomplishments include winning the Trinity College Awards Thailand in 1999. He attended primary school at Bangkok Adventist Church School and secondary school at Ekamai International School, and graduated BBA with honours from Assumption University.

Saksit began working with Boyd Kosiyabong, playing piano accompaniment in Boyd's Million Ways to Love Part 1 concert in 2003, and releasing a piano instrumental album of Boyd's compositions under the Bakery Music label in the same year. In 2004, Saksit and four other members of the group B5 (which debuted at the 2003 concert) released their Event album, which featured Saksit singing "Khon Mai Phiset" (, literally non-special person) and playing piano for all songs. He released another instrumental piano album titled Piano & I the same year.

Saksit released his first solo vocal album, Living in C Major, in February 2007. The song "Rak Ter" (, also Ruk Tur, lit. love you) became an instant hit, placing at number one on Seed 97.5 FM's charts for five weeks. He also released Piano & I Part II, an instrumental album, that November.

Saksit won numerous national awards in 2007 and 2008, including the Favourite Artist of Thailand title at the 2008 MTV Asia Awards held in Genting, Malaysia, in August 2008. This was followed the same month by the release of "Munk?" (, lit. maybe), a single from the upcoming ToR+ Munk? album, which rose to number one on Seed FM and EFM within two weeks.

Since 2007, Saksit has been a presenter for Brand's chicken soup (a product family of Cerebos Thailand), and appears on a number of advertisement campaigns for the product. He usually asked about absolute pitch when he appears on TV shows. Saksit also competed in The Mask Singer 2 and he reached to semi-final. He captured so many asian fans' heart with this three languages competition.

Personal life
He has a relationship with Channel 3 news anchor Pitchayatan Chanput  It has been almost 10 years since he started and developed relationships.

Discography
ToR+ Vejsupaporn Plays Boyd Kosiyabong Songbook (5 July 2003, instrumental)
B5: Event (30 March 2004, with B5)
Piano & I (28 October 2004, instrumental)
Living in C Major (February 2007)
Piano & I Part II (November 2007, instrumental)
ToR+ Munk? (21 October 2008)
Piano & I Asian Edition (2008, instrumental)
Piano & I Part III (19 February 2010)
Where Is Love? (27 April 2011)
Add 9 (2014)
No Te Vas by Dvicio (feat. Tor+ Saksit) (6/8/2017)

References
.
.
.
.
.
. .

Specific

External links

Saksit Vejsupaporn
Saksit Vejsupaporn
Saksit Vejsupaporn
Saksit Vejsupaporn
Saksit Vejsupaporn
Saksit Vejsupaporn
Saksit Vejsupaporn
1984 births
Living people


Arkells is a Canadian rock band, formed in Hamilton, Ontario. In 2006, they signed with Dine Alone Records, and have since signed with Universal Records Canada and Last Gang Records. They have released eight albums: Jackson Square (2008), Michigan Left (2011), High Noon (2014), Morning Report (2016), Rally Cry (2018), Blink Once (2021), Blink Twice (2022) and Laundry Pile (2023). The band has been nominated for over 15 Juno Awards; winning Rock Album of the Year for High Noon and Rally Cry, and  six times for Group of the Year.

History

Formation and Jackson Square (2006–2010)
During their first few live shows the band called themselves Charlemagne but changed their name when another band of the same name threatened to sue them. The band is named after Arkell Street in the Westdale neighbourhood of Hamilton, near McMaster University, where they lived and would practice their music. All five original band members attended McMaster where lead singer Max Kerman graduated with an honours BA in Political Science. Kerman met guitarist Mike DeAngelis and Artsci professor Matt Savelli at a McMaster Welcome Week event where they discovered they had an identical taste in music.

Arkells' debut album Jackson Square was released 28 October 2008 on Dine Alone Records. In late 2008, Arkells toured Canada as opening act for Matt Mays & El Torpedo. Later that year, on November 22, they performed the halftime show at the Vanier Cup in their hometown.

In early 2009 they toured with Waking Eyes across Canada. Arkells were featured on Aux.tv's Alt Sessions where they performed their full EP. In October, 2009, Arkells won a favourite new artist CASBY Award (short for Canadian Artists Selected by You) from Toronto radio station 102.1 The Edge at a ceremony and concert at Toronto's Kool Haus. The band also performed at the event. In April 2010, the band won the Juno Award for New Group of the Year, and on May 15, 2010, were picked to open for Them Crooked Vultures at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto.

Michigan Left and High Noon  (2011–2015)
In 2011, the band wrote and recorded their second album Michigan Left, which was released on October 18 of that year. The first single, "Whistleblower", was released on July 5, 2011. The band also released a second song, "Kiss Cam", in July. On 6 October 2011 it was announced that Dan Griffin would be leaving the band to go back to school. He was replaced by Anthony Carone. In 2012, Arkells won the 2012 Juno Award for Group of the Year.

On April 7, 2014, Arkells released the first track, "Never Thought That This Would Happen", from their third album, which was produced by Tony Hoffer (Beck, The Kooks, M83). One month later, on May 13, the band released the album's first single "Come to Light", and confirmed the title of the record would be High Noon. The record was released on Dine Alone/Universal Records, August 5, 2014.

The band toured extensively, including tours in the United States with Lights, Tokyo Police Club, The Postelles, X Ambassadors, and Lydia; European touring with Billy Talent, Augustines, British Sea Power, and Anti-Flag as well as Canadian touring with Metric, the Tragically Hip, Hollerado, and Sam Roberts. At the Juno Awards of 2015, the group won the Juno Award for Group of the Year and the Juno Award for Rock Album of the Year. High Noon was also long listed for the Polaris prize in 2015. On October 23, 2015, the band released a new EP, "Study Music", which they self-produced and released on Universal Music Canada/Dine Alone Records.

Morning Report and Rally Cry (2016–2020)

Arkells began teasing new material from their forthcoming album on tour in the spring of 2016. The fourth album, Morning Report, was released on August 5, 2016. The first single, "Private School", debuted on May 6, 2016, and charted at number 1 that summer. The video features cameos from Lights, Dave Monks of Tokyo Police Club and Steve Jocz (formerly of Sum 41), who also directed the video.

At the Juno Awards of 2017, Arkells were nominated for Juno Award for Group of the Year and the Juno Award for Rock Album of the Year. They performed their viral hit "Drake's Dad" live on the television broadcast. They released a new single on April 7, 2017, entitled "Knocking at the Door". The track shot to number 1 on the Canadian alt/rock charts, where it spent 14 weeks at #1. It also became their first #1 Active Rock single. They performed the track live that summer on the 2017 NHL Awards in Las Vegas and the 2017 iHeartRadio MuchMusic Video Awards in Toronto. In the summer of 2017, the band toured the festival circuit, playing Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, Osheaga Festival, and Sasquatch! Music Festival. Later in the year, the track cracked the US ALT chart, peaking at #39.

In February 2018, the band was invited to South Korea to perform for the Canadian Olympic team during the 2018 Winter Olympics. In June 2018, the band played at Tim Hortons Field in their hometown of Hamilton for a crowd of 24,000 people. It was the largest crowd for an outdoor show in Hamilton since Pink Floyd drew 50,000 to Ivor Wynne Stadium in 1975. On August 15, 2018, the band announced that their fifth studio album, Rally Cry, would be released on October 19, 2018. On June 23, 2018, Arkells hosted a major hometown concert, dubbed "The Rally", at Tim Hortons Field in Hamilton, Ontario. The concert was paired with several events across the city including a market outside the stadium, a bike ride to the show, and featured Ellevator, Bishop Briggs, and Cold War Kids. Arkells released their fifth studio album, Rally Cry, on October 19, 2018, accompanied by a Canadian tour featuring Lord Huron as the opening act. The tour featured the Arkells' largest arena show yet, at the Scotiabank Arena in Toronto on February 16, 2019.

On February 25, 2020, the band released the new single and video "Years in the Making". On July 30, they released the single "Quitting You", and announced the release of Campfire Chords, a full-length album featuring acoustic versions of earlier songs, on August 20. Each member recorded his part at home during the COVID-19 quarantine and sent it to Carone, who then edited, mixed and produced the pieces into complete songs.

Blink Once and Blink Twice (2021–present)
On March 25, 2021, the band released the new single and video "You Can Get It", featuring guest vocals by K.Flay. The single was featured in the trailer of the video game Forza Horizon 5, as well as in one of the in-game radio station. The single “All Roads” was later released. Both of these singles were included on the band’s sixth studio album Blink Once, which was released on September 22, 2021. On December 12, 2021, the band performed at the halftime show of the 108th Grey Cup at Tim Horton's Field in Hamilton.

On June 23, 2022, the band announced that their studio album Blink Twice will be released on September 23. The album features collaborations with Cold War Kids, Aly and AJ, Tegan and Sara and Beatrice Martin. After two years of postponements due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the band held the second edition of "The Rally" at Tim Hortons Field in Hamilton, Ontario on June 25, 2022. The show featured similar events to the first event in 2018, with a market, bike ride to the show, as well as the unveiling of a collaboration with several organizations to renovate a local basketball court as an effort to improve sport in the community. The concert was their largest yet with 27,000 fans in attendance and featured openers Haviah Mighty, K.Flay, and Mt. Joy.

Song influences
Arkells prominently feature political motivations in their music. Examples include "Knocking at the Door," which was written about The Women's March on Washington; "The Ballad of Hugo Chavez" about the Venezuelan president as a political prisoner, "People's Champ" in protest of US president Donald Trump; and "Whistleblower" about journalists blowing the whistle and exposing truth behind closed doors.
Another example being “No Champagne Socialist” about a student in New York of the 1960s struggling with himself about trying to represent the working class as a member of the upper class.

The band has also spoken about their diverse musical influences from Top 40 to Motown.

Members

Current members
Max Kerman – vocals, guitar (2006–present)
Mike DeAngelis – vocals, guitar (2006–present)
Nick Dika – bass (2006–present)
Tim Oxford – drums, percussion (2006–present)
Anthony Carone – vocals, keyboard, guitar (2011–present)

Former members
Dan Griffin – vocals, keyboard, guitar (2006–2011)

Timeline

Discography

Albums

Extended plays

Singles

Notes

References

External links

Arkells Website Official Band Website
Alt Sessions Arkells on Aux.tv

Musical groups established in 2006
Musical groups from Hamilton, Ontario
Canadian alternative rock groups
Dine Alone Records artists
2006 establishments in Ontario
Juno Award for Rock Album of the Year winners
Juno Award for Breakthrough Group of the Year winners
Juno Award for Group of the Year winners


Edith's Diary (1977) is a psychological thriller novel by Patricia Highsmith, the seventeenth of her 22 novels. It was first published in the UK by Heinemann. One critic described it as "a relentless dissection of an unexceptional life that burns itself out from a lack of love and happiness".

Composition
Highsmith replicated the dislocation she used in The Cry of the Owl years earlier, moving her characters from New York City to small-town Pennsylvania. She also replicated her own obsessive diary writing in the lead character.  The dedication reads simply: To Marion, which was the way her sometime lover, Marion Aboudaram, asked to be referenced.

Knopf rejected the manuscript in 1976. It apparently encountered problems because of its failure to fit into the recognizable genres of crime, suspense, mystery, or even traditional fiction. It was published the next year, first by Heinemann in London, then by Simon & Schuster in New York.

As in most of Highsmith's novels, there is a murder committed in this one, though its significance for the plot and the characters is negligible.

Synopsis
The novel describes "the externally and internally imposed exile of the discarded middle-aged woman". The story begins in the late 1950s and focuses on Edith Howland, a housewife who, with her journalist husband, Brett, and their 10-year-old son, Cliffie, relocates from New York City to small-town Pennsylvania. Cliffie has been exhibiting generally problematic and anti-social behavior; on the family's last night in New York, he tries to kill their pet cat.

The novel presents the increasingly stark contrasts between the life Edith records in her diary and her daily reality. In the diary, she details an imaginary life in which both she and Cliffie achieve grand success and gratification; friendships are more easy-going and she enjoys grandchildren.

In 1965, Brett abandons Edith for a younger woman. She is left living with an alcoholic, delinquent Cliffie and her husband's senile uncle, George. Even as she retreats into her diary, and recasts her personal life, she remains always aware of the tangible world's social injustices. Having always been a woman of liberal political views, she notably maintains a sharp critique of U.S. involvement in Vietnam.

As years pass, friends and acquaintances become extremely concerned about Edith's psychological well-being. Her ex-husband sets about forcing her to see a psychiatrist. When Edith's family doctor brings a psychiatrist friend of his to her home, she is overtaken by fear and paranoia surrounding the possibility of others getting their hands on her diary. After she rushes to conceal it, she dies accidentally. Alone in the house, Cliffie ponders his own worries about someone inspecting the diary.

Reception
The New Yorker called this novel "her strongest, her most imaginative, and by far her most substantial".

In The New York Times, Jane Larkin Crane wrote: "Edith's Diary takes the form of an old-fashioned psychological chiller, but there is also something stronger, the poignancy of her struggle not to go under. She is betrayed by such ordinary dreams."

Edith's Diary has been described as "one of [Highsmith's] bleakest" novels, that "presents a narrative of a woman's life that offers no redemptive possibilities and is portrayed instead as a slow but unremitting descent into madness".

Adaptation
Edith's Diary was adapted into the German film Edith's Diary (1983), directed by Hans W. Geißendörfer and starring Angela Winkler as Edith. Highsmith called the film "dreadful" and said: "Making the son in love with the mother is a lot of Oedipal crap."

References

1977 American novels
Novels by Patricia Highsmith
American novels adapted into films
Heinemann (publisher) books


The Fédération des associations étudiantes du campus de l'Université de Montréal (FAÉCUM) is an accredited federation of students' associations on Université de Montréal's campus. It encompasses 85 different students' associations and represents a total of 37,500 members. Its objective is to promote and defend different student interests.

See also

2005 Quebec student strike
List of Quebec students' associations

Further reading
Bédard, Éric. 1994. Histoire de la FAÉCUM : 1976-1994. [Montréal]: Fédération des associations étudiantes du campus de l'Université de Montréal.
Gravel, Denis. 2006. Histoire de la FAÉCUM (1976-2006) : Une fédération en marche. Montréal : Archiv-Histo.

External links
Official website

Université de Montréal
Quebec students' associations


The Parti république du Québec (in English: Republic of Quebec Party) was a small and short-lived conservative, sovereigntist and green political party in the Canadian province of Quebec. It was led by Gilles Paquette, who tried unsuccessfully to contest the leadership of the Parti Québécois in 2005.

The party was recognized by the Chief Electoral Officer of Quebec on 26 March 2007, the same day for voting in general elections in Quebec. The head of this new political movement had been an independent candidate in the riding of Soulanges. Two other members of the PRQ, Régent Millette and Marie-Ange Germain, respectively, had been candidates of the Parti démocratie chrétienne (Christian Democratic Party) in 2003 and the Green Party of Quebec in 2007. At the time of its official recognition, the party claimed it had more than 2000 members.

In the December 8, 2008 Quebec National Assembly elections, the party ran one candidate (Gilles Paquette), in Vaudreuil, where he received 140 votes.  This result, totalling 0.004% of the total votes cast in the province, is the lowest percentage of the total vote that any political party contesting an election has received in the history of Quebec.

Dissolution
In January 2010, Quebec's Chief Electoral Officer announced that the party had lost its status as an authorised political party, effective December 30, 2009.

Results summary

References

External links

Provincial political parties in Quebec
Political parties established in 2007
2007 establishments in Quebec
Political parties disestablished in 2009
2009 disestablishments in Quebec
Defunct secessionist organizations in Canada
Defunct political parties in Canada
Pro-independence parties
Republicanism in Canada
Conservative parties in Canada
Quebec sovereignty movement
Quebec nationalism


Peter H. Fogtdal, Danish novelist and poet, was born May 22, 1956, in Copenhagen, Denmark. He has written 14 novels in Danish. Three have been translated into French, two into Portuguese, and one into English and Ukrainian. In Denmark he is known for writing novels with a spiritual, mystical or humorous slant.

In 2005 he won a French literary prize, Prix Littéraire des Ambassadeurs de la Francophonie for his translated novel Le front chantilly (Floedeskumsfronten). In 2001 this novel was named one of the three best novels of the year by the biggest Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.

Peter H. Fogtdal lives in Portland, Oregon but goes back to Copenhagen, Denmark often.

Novel in English:

 The Tsar's Dwarf (2008, [Hawthorne Books] Translated by Tiina Nunnally. ()

Selected novels in Danish:

 Drømmeren fra Palæstina (1998, {L&R}
 Flødeskumsfronten (2001, {L&R}
 Zarens dværg (2006, {L&R}
 Skorpionens hale (2008, {Gyldendal}
 Det egyptiske hjerte (2015, {PeoplesPress}
 Det store glidefald (2017, {Turbine}

Poetry collection and new novel in English:

- My Crimes of Gelato: Second Edition (2021)
- The Mango Dancer (2022)

External links
Litteratursiden profile
Review of The Tsar's Dwarf from Three Percent
Review of The Tsar's Dwarf from The Believer
An Author Interview in Kristeligt Dagblad, Denmark, 2017
An Author Interview in Galinfo, Ukraine, 2018

1956 births
Living people
Writers from Copenhagen
Danish male novelists
20th-century Danish novelists
21st-century Danish novelists
20th-century Danish male writers
21st-century Danish male writers


The Best Little Girl in the World is a 1981 television film directed by Sam O'Steen and executive produced by Aaron Spelling. The film is based upon the 1979 novel of the same name written by Steven Levenkron.

Plot
Seventeen-year-old Casey Powell is a shy teenaged cheerleader who gets good grades and dreams of being a professional ballet dancer. Her parents, Frank and Joanne, give all their attention to her 19-year-old sister Gail, who has just found out she is pregnant by someone she has no interest in marrying. Frank is infuriated and Joanne is worried, so they forget to spend time with Casey; not a new thing, as problem-child Gail has always drawn attention away from good-girl Casey. Feeling ignored by her parents and embarrassed by harassment at her cheerleading audition, Casey starts wanting to look like the models on the covers of magazines and begins to diet and exercise.

Casey is noticed by her ballet teacher, Madame Seuart, who tells her that she could be very good if she loses a few pounds. It doesn't take long before Casey becomes anorexic and bulimic. Casey's parents ignore her dream of becoming a professional dancer and instead want her to graduate high school, get a good job, and then become a wife and mother. Over the next two months, Casey's illness progresses as she throws herself into dieting and ballet dancing which causes Gail to worry that something is wrong with her. Her grades in school begin to deteriorate, which finally draws her parents' attention; however, Gail's attempts to support Casey cause more fights with their parents and distracts them from Casey.

When Gail sees how thin Casey has become, she is horrified and warns her parents. Casey is sent to a doctor who orders her to start eating normally again, threatening to send her to a hospital if she doesn't. Despite the pressure, Casey continues her eating disorder in secret. Frank finds her diet pills and tries to force her to eat, but she refuses. After feeling ignored at a party, Casey lies to her parents about having eaten at the party. Frank doesn't believe her and tries to force feed her a peanut butter sandwich, but Casey bites his hand. In an attempt to mend things with her family, Casey makes her family breakfast and even eats it with them, but is discouraged when she finds out that her mother has decided to go to her sister's lamaze class and shop for baby supplies instead. Because her parents took away her diet pills and laxatives, Casey attempts to steal more from the pharmacy the next day; however, she is caught and arrested. Her parents bail her out, but she collapses outside of the police station and is taken to the hospital. She tries to run away, but collapses in the attempt and is re-captured.

In the hospital, Casey befriends fellow patient Carol Link, who is also suffering from anorexia and bulimia. Carol gives Casey advice about how to be kicked out of the hospital and teaches her tricks to mislead the doctors. However, Casey later watches Carol's death from a pill overdose. Crushed and devastated, she runs away again but collapses for the third time. When she regains consciousness, Casey is angry that she's back in the hospital. In a turning point, she tells her doctor, Clay Orlovsky, that she is afraid to die as well; he assures her that she won't, but only if she starts being honest with him and makes a genuine effort to recover.

When Casey improves, she is finally allowed to see her family again; Dr. Orlovsky watches and analyzes their reunion. Gail and Frank argue, Joanne acts as peacemaker, and Casey sits in a corner and stays out of the way. Dr. Olovsky tells the family that he thinks Casey developed her eating disorder because she felt ignored and neglected by her family and she viewed it as the only way for her to get their attention. Despite being a delight - good grades, good student, polite, pretty, dedicated, and an excellent dancer - Casey has been ignored and sidelined in favor of Gail. Her personality forces her to strive for perfection in everything, including her appearance, and she seeks control in her diet because she feels out of control in the rest of her life.

After a while, Casey begins to recover and is released from the hospital. She doesn't want to leave, however, and feels safer with Dr. Orlovsky than with her family. In the final scene, she is able to enjoy eating ice cream.

Cast
(in credits order)

Production
Producer Aaron Spelling came to the idea of making a movie about the book. Jennifer Jason Leigh replaced Jodie Foster, who was at one point assigned to play the lead. Leigh weighed 98 pounds at the time, but dieted down to 86 pounds to play the role.
Actors Jason Miller and Charles Durning were close friends; Durning's career making performance was in Miller's 1973 Pulitzer Prize winning play That Championship Season.

Reception
The film's reception was generally positive; in particular, Leigh was praised for her portrayal of a teenager. The film gained attention again in 1983, when singer/drummer Karen Carpenter died of complications from anorexia nervosa. Although the film was later released on VHS, it is now quite rare.

The film, however, received criticism for its portrayal of treatment for anorexia victims, which was thought to be unrealistic. Another criticism was that its plot differed too much from the novel.

References

External links

1981 television films
1981 films
ABC network original films
American television films
Films scored by Billy Goldenberg
Films about eating disorders
Films based on American novels
Television shows about body image
Films directed by Sam O'Steen
1980s English-language films


Nicholas Anthony Micozzie (September 7, 1930 – July 28, 2020) was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 163rd district from 1979 to 2014.

Early life and education
The son of Camillo and Josephine (née Maffei) Micozzie, Nicholas Micozzie was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and graduated from St. Thomas More High School.  He obtained a B.S. in business administration from St. Joseph's College in 1963 and a degree in electrical engineering from Villanova University in 1968.

He served as staff sergeant in the United States Air Force from 1950 to 1954 during the Korean War.

Career
Micozzie worked for General Electric and in real estate.  He was elected commissioner in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania as a Democrat and served from 1971 to 1989.  He switched to the Republican Party in 1978 and was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 163rd district.  He was reelected to seventeen consecutive terms and served until 2014.  He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014.

Personal
Micozzie and his wife had three children, seven grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren. He was the father of former Upper Darby mayor Thomas Micozzie.

Micozzie died on July 28, 2020, following a fall on July 23, 2020.

Legacy
A bridge on Garrett Road in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania was renamed the Honorable Nicholas A. Micozzie Bridge in his honor.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
United States Air Force personnel of the Korean War
Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Military personnel from Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania city council members
Pennsylvania Democrats
Pennsylvania Republicans
People from Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania
Saint Joseph's University alumni
Villanova University alumni


Papyrus 9 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), signed by 𝔓9, and named Oxyrhynchus papyri 402, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the First Epistle of John, dating paleographically to the early 3rd century.

Description

Papyrus 𝔓9 was discovered by Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt in Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Papyrus 𝔓9 is currently housed at the Houghton Library, Harvard University, Semitic Museum Inv. 3736, Cambridge (Massachusetts).

The surviving text is a fragment of one leaf containing verses 4:11-12,14-17, written in one column per page. The original codex had 16 lines per page. The text on the manuscript was written very carelessly, evidenced by the crude and irregular handwriting, and the manuscript contains some unintelligible spellings.

Text
The Greek text of this codex is representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category I. The manuscript is too brief for certainty.

See also
 1 John 4
 List of New Testament papyri
 Oxyrhynchus papyri
 Papyrus 10
 Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 401
 Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 403

References

Further reading

New Testament papyri
402
3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
First Epistle of John papyri


Georg Johann Mattarnovi (, Georg Ivanovich Mattarnovi; died 2 November 1719) was a German Baroque architect and sculptor, notable for his work in Saint Petersburg.

The birthplace of Mattarnovi is unknown, but most probably it was Prussia. His year of birth is also unknown. He was a sculptor, and a disciple and assistant of German architect Andreas Schlüter. Mattarnovi arrived in Saint Petersburg in 1714, following Schlüter. After the death of Schlüter, Mattarnovi continued work on Schlüter's projects.

In 1715–1719, Mattarnovi managed the construction of the grotto pavilion in the Summer Garden originally designed by Schlüter. He also built two pavilions there, and a colonnade-gallery for an ancient sculpture of Venus. Mattarnovi built the Tsar Peter I's main residence of Saint Peterburg, the so-called "new Winter Palace", or the "third Winter Palace". Originally, as designed by Schlüter, it was a small two-storey house, but in 1719–1721 the building was significantly expanded. The building was the centre of the ensemble of buildings on the Palace Embankment. The Great Hall of the Winter Palace was the site of the public mourning ceremony for Peter I. Mattarnovi's Winter Palace was later torn down, and Giacomo Quarenghi built the Hermitage Theater on the site. In 1718–1719, Mattarnovi built a mansion for the Procurator General of the Senate, P. I. Yaguzhinsky, on the Palace Embankment.

Mattarnovi built Mytny (Gostinny) Dvor on the intersection of Nevsky Prospect and Moyka River (1716–1720). The building was destroyed by fire in 1736 and a new Gostiny Dvor was built on a different spot. Mattarnovi was the originator of the "standard houses" built on Petrogradsky Island and the first version of Saint Isaac's Cathedral, built from 1717—1723.

The only surviving building of a Mattarnovi project is the Kunstkamera, the first museum in Russia, built from 1718–1734.

Mattarnovi died on 2 November 1719 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, where he had worked for five years. His son Philipp Georg Mattarnovi (1716-1742) was a noted engraver.

References

1719 deaths
Russian architects
18th-century German architects
18th century in Saint Petersburg
Year of birth unknown


Gjin Bua Shpata (sometimes anglicized as John Spata) ( 1358 – 29 October 1399) was an Albanian ruler in Western Greece with the title of Despot. Together with Pjetër Losha, he led raids into Epirus, Acarnania and Aetolia in 1358. He was recognized as Despot by the titular Eastern Roman Emperor in the early 1360s and ruled Aetolia (1360s–?), Angelokastron (?–1399), Naupactus (1378–1399), and Arta (1370s–1399).

Name

The word spata, in Albanian shpatë, pl. shpata, 'sword'. According to Orel (1998), the word was borrowed from Latin spāta. Hammond thus believes that he was called "John the Sword". Spatha being a type of Roman sword.

Life
Karl Hopf's genealogy of the Shpata family is "altogether inaccurate"; according to it, his father was Pietro, the lord of Angelokastron and Delvina (1354) during the reign of Serbian emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55). It is known that Shpata had a brother, Skurra Bua Spata.

In 1358, some Albanian commanders overran Epirus, Acarnania and Aetolia, and subsequently established two principalities under their leaders, Shpata and Pjetër Losha.

Nikephoros II Orsini launched a campaign against the invading Albanians, and also faced with the threat of Radoslav Hlapen to the north, he negotiated with Simeon Uroš, presumably to prevent Simeon's Albanian allies from supporting the Albanians in Epirus. The negotiations were thwarted by Nikephoros' death fighting the Albanians at Acheloos (1359).

In 1360, Simeon Uroš, the titular Serbian Emperor, in an attempt to avoid conflict with the Albanians and as an acknowledgment of their military strength decided to the leave the areas of Arta and Aetolia to Shpata and Losha.

The Despot of Ioannina, Thomas Preljubović, had betrothed his daughter to Losha's son in 1370, satisfying the Albanians and ending the conflict between them. In 1374, however, Pjetër Losha died of the plague in Arta, after which Shpata took the city. At this time he was not bound by agreement to Thomas, and so he laid siege to Ioannina and ravaged the countryside by defeating the forces of Preljubovic. Thomas brought peace when he betrothed his sister Helena to Shpata the following year. Attacks on Ioannina continued, however, by the Malakasioi, who didn't succeed
to take Ioannina in 1377 and 1379. This tribe acted independently and nor under the order of Shpata.

In 1376 or 1377, Shpata conquered Nafpaktos; by this time he controlled Arta and much of southern Epirus and Acarnania. The Achaean Knights Hospitallers of Juan Fernández de Heredia began their invasion of Epirus, moving onto Shpata, capturing Nafpaktos, and then Vonitsa in Acarnania (April 1378). However, Shpata managed to defeat and capture Heredia as a hostage, ending their campaign; he was again master of Nafpaktos by 1380. In May 1379, Shpata again devastated the countryside of Ioannina.

In 1380, Thomas made an offensive with the help of Turks reaching up to the upper Kalamas River, where however, the Albanians, in particular the tribe of Mazaraki held their defensive position and defeated again Thomas.

In 1384 Thomas Preljubović was killed by some of his bodyguards. Gjin Bua Shpata attacked Ioannina, but was unsuccessful in cracking the defense set up by Esau de' Buondelmonti. The two made peace, but soon returned to conflict. In 1386, Esau gained Ottoman military help. The Ottomans were, after the Battle of Kosovo (1389), unable to assist Esau, thus, the Albanians seized the opportunity and raided the environs of Ioannina in the summer by defeating Esau and forcing him to stay inside the city. The Malakasioi then raided into the territory, after which they concluded alliance with Shpata. Esau then allied himself with the caesar of Thessaly (either Alexios Angelos or Manuel), who defeated the Albanians, presumably the Malakasioi, later that year, but not Shpata.

In January 1396, Esau married Shpata's only daughter, Irene. The marriage was part of a deal which the archons of Ioannina enforced on Esau in order to make peace with the Albanians.

Shpata died on 29 October 1399, under the continuous pressure of Tocco. Shpata's son would become the next despot of Arta and Angelokastron for the next decade.

Legacy
The Albanian academic Gjergji Shuka distinguished the origin of some South Slavic (Jovan i divski starešina, Marko Kraljević i Đemo Brđanin, Jana i Detelin voyvoda) Albanian and legends and epic songs, such as Zuku Bajraktar, Dedalia dhe Katallani, Çika e plakut Emin agë vret në duel Baloze Delinë, and in the poem regarding Shpata and the battle of Arta in 1378. The two enemies of John, Juan Fernández de Heredia and queen Joanna I of Naples, are remembered in Balkan collective memory.

Possessions

Aetolia (Early 1360s–?)
Angelokastron (?–1399)
Acheloos (?–1399)
Nafpaktos or "Lepanto" (1377–78; 1380–?)
Arta (1375–99)

Family

His genealogical tree is not well documented. It was first outlined by Karl Hopf in his Chroniques Greco-Romanes (p. 531) and by K. Sathas in the 19th century but a newer study finds that those works have many mistakes and gaps. Hopf's genealogy of the Shpata family is "altogether inaccurate".

G. Schiró studied the genealogy of Shpata based on the original sources, i.e. the "Chronicle of Ioannina" and the "Chronicle of Tocco", but also on the Venetian archives. He proposed that Pietro Bua had not only three sons but four and that John had only daughters. His daughter Irene married three times. He believes that the family was extinct with the death of Jakob in 1416. Other people, mainly condottieri, with the name "Bua" are not blood relatives of this family but this name was used by many as first name since it became famous.

He was married to a woman who is unknown in historical record. He had an only daughter, Irene who was married (before April 1381 ) to a Marchesano of Naples, Morean baron, baillie of Achaea and Esau de' Buondelmonti in 1396. Esau was the Despot of Ioannina.

Among his grandchildren were brothers Muriq Shpata and Jakob Bua Shpata, claimed to have been sons of Eirene.

See also
 Albanian principalities
 History of Albania

References

Sources

14th-century births
1399 deaths
14th-century monarchs in Europe
14th-century Albanian people
Medieval Albanian nobility
Despots of Arta
Despots of the Serbian Empire
John
History of Aetolia-Acarnania


Postman (Original title: Yóuchāi) is a 1995 Chinese Mandarin drama film directed by He Jianjun and produced by Tian Yan, Shu Kei. It is the story of a shy mailman played by Feng Yuanzheng who steals and reads the letters of people on his route. The film is considered part of China's sixth generation movement.

During the making of Postman the director faced a ban and managed to release the film abroad only after smuggling print outs out of the country and completing the film abroad.

Cast

 Feng Yuanzheng as Xiao Dou, postman
 Liang Danni as Xiao Dou's sister
 Zhixing Ge as Lao Wu, older postman
 Jue Chen as Chen Jie, writer
 Huang Jianxin as Yun Qing
 Zhizi Liu as Post Office Manager
 Pu Cunxin as Xiao sister's Boyfriend
 Tianwei Zheng as Wan Juan

Plot
Xiao Dou (Feng Yuanzheng) is a shy and naive mailworker living in Beijing with his sister. When a coworker is fired for reading people's correspondences Xiao Dou takes over the same mail route. He soon finds himself indulging in the same curiosity, eventually developing an obsession. Xiao Dou chooses to spend time reading letters instead of socializing with friends or coworkers. As he becomes increasingly tied to the letters, he begins to intervene in the lives of those who write and receive the letters.

As Xiao Dou's amorality and detachment become more severe, his obsessions expand, as he engages in an incestuous relationship to his own sister. By the end of the film, Xiao Dou no longer considers the feelings of anyone else.

Reception
Reception of Postman in the west was marked by shock and praise. Standing in contrast to many of the more polished filmmaking coming from China during the mid-1990s, such as Chen Kaige's Temptress Moon (1996) or Zhang Yimou's To Live (1994) and Raise the Red Lantern (1991), Postman was a contemporary snapshot of modern China. Scholars and critics alike grouped the film as part of the up-and-coming Sixth Generation movement that began with Zhang Yuan, Wang Xiaoshuai, and others. Today, Postman is considered one of the more important works to come out of the early years of the movement. China cinema scholar Shelly Kraicer referred to the film as "one of the most disturbing and important recent films out of China" in her review. Critics found the film "transgressive" in its satire and its unblinking depiction of homosexuality, prostitution, drug-use and adultery.

Further illustrating the film's reputation was its inclusion in the Harvard Film Archive's retrospective on the sixth generation in 2001, "The Urban Generation: Chinese Cinema and Society in Transformation."

Awards
 1995 International Film Festival Rotterdam
 Tiger Award (shared with: Kazama Shiori's Fuyu No Kappa and Bogdan Dumitrescu's Thalassa, Thalassa, Return To The Sea)
 FIPRESCI Award
 1995 International Thessaloniki Film Festival
 Golden Alexander
 1995 Singapore International Film Festival
 Special Jury Prize

References

External links

Postman at the Chinese Movie Database

1995 films
Chinese independent films
1995 drama films
1990s Mandarin-language films
Films set in Beijing


Mattarnovy may refer to:
Georg Johann Mattarnovi, architect (d. 1719), father of Philipp Georg Mattarnovi
Philipp Georg Mattarnovi, engraver (1716-1742)


Hatakambari (pronounced Hātakāmbari) is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 18th Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music.

It is called Jayashuddhamālavi in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 6th rāgam in the 3rd chakra Agni. The mnemonic name is Agni-Sha. The mnemonic phrase is sa ra gu ma pa dhu nu. Its  structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
:
:
(the notes used in this scale are shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shatsruthi dhaivatham, kakali nishadham)

As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Vishwambari, which is the 54th melakarta.

Asampurna Melakarta
Jayashuddhamālavi is the 18th Melakarta in the original list compiled by Venkatamakhin. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the scales are different. It is an shadava-sampurna raga (6 notes in ascending scale, while full 7 are used in descending scale in zig-zag manner, vakra prayoga).
:
:

Janya rāgams
Hatakambari has a few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See List of janya rāgams to view all rāgams associated with Hatakambari.

Compositions
Few compositions set to Hatakambari are:

Naraharim by Muthuswami Dikshitar
Alalagada by Koteeswara Iyer
RakshĀsumam srÎ lakshmÎ Pathe by Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna.

Related rāgams
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Hatakambari's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields one other minor melakarta rāgams, namely, Gavambhodi. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Hatakambari.

Notes

References

Melakarta ragas


Luanda is the capital and most-populous city in Angola.

Luanda may also refer to:
Luanda, Kenya, a town in Kenya
Luan Da, mystic of the Han Dynasty


Oluf, Count of Rosenborg (Oluf Christian Carl Axel; 10 March 1923 – 19 December 1990), a former Danish prince, was the youngest child and son of Prince Harald of Denmark by his wife, Princess Helena Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.

Early life
Oluf is a Danish form of Olaf. Oluf renounced his rights to the throne in 1948 and took the title Count of Rosenborg when he married Annie Helene Dorrit Puggard-Müller (8 September 1926 - 14 May 2013) in Copenhagen on 4 February 1948. They had two children and divorced in 1977. He married secondly Lis Wolf-Jürgensen (b. 30 June 1935) in 1982, they divorced in 1983, without issue.

Oluf and his first wife had two children:
 Ulrik Harald Gunnar Oluf, Count of Rosenborg (b. 17 December 1950), married Tove Waigner Larsen (b. 14 December 1950) in Copenhagen on 4 April 1981. They have two children:
 Katharina Dorthea Helene, Countess of Rosenborg (b. 1 May 1981).
 Philip Oluf Axel Ulrik, Count of Rosenborg (b. 8 May 1986).
 Charlotte Helene Annie Dorrit, Countess of Rosenborg (b. 11 April 1953), married firstly Jens Philipsen on 12 November 1977. They divorced in 1978 without issue. She married secondly Torben Gyldenfeldt Wulff (b. 15 September 1954) at Lyngby on 11 April 1981. They have two children:
 Johan Henrik Oluf Torben Wulff (b. 17 July 1980).
 Beate Inge Dorrit Charlotte Wulff (b. 17 January 1983).

Ancestry

References

Citations

Bibliography

Danish princes
1923 births
1990 deaths
House of Glücksburg (Denmark)
Counts of Rosenborg
Nobility from Copenhagen
Disinherited European royalty
Recipients of the Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog
Burials at Roskilde Cathedral


David or Dave Myers may refer to:

 David Myers (Indiana judge) (1859–1955), Associate Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court
 Dave Myers (American football) (1906–1997), American football player for Staten Island Stapletons and Brooklyn Dodges
 David Myers (cinematographer) (1914–2004), American photographer and cinematographer
 Dave Myers (fl. 1950s–1980s), bass player for American band The Aces
 David Myers (Oklahoma politician) (1938–2011), American politician, member of the Oklahoma Senate
 David Myers (psychologist) (born 1942), American psychologist
 Dave Myers (presenter) (born 1957), British presenter of cookery programmes, one of the Hairy Bikers
 Dave Myers (baseball) (born 1959), American baseball coach
 David N. Myers (born 1960), American historian
 David Myers (Mississippi politician) (born 1961), American politician, member of the Mississippi House of Representatives
 David Myers (rugby league) (1971–2008), English rugby league footballer
 David Myers (Australian footballer) (born 1989), Australian rules footballer
 David Myers (police officer) (fl. 1980s–2010s), commander in the San Diego County Sheriff's Department
 David Myers (American chef) (fl. 2000s–2010s), American chef and restaurateur

See also
David Meyers (disambiguation)
David Meyer (disambiguation)


Donegan (), most commonly refers to a Gaelic Irish clan from Munster. The name is diminutive of Donn which means, "the Dark One", or in modern Irish, "brown", referring to hair colour. The most prominent dynasty were an Érainn people of the Múscraige and provided a King of Munster in the 10th century in the form of Flaithbertach mac Inmainén. Much later, the family provided the Dungan Baronets and two Earls of Limerick, the most notable of which Thomas Dongan, 2nd Earl of Limerick was a Governor of New York.

Naming conventions

Numerous spelling variations of the surname Donegan exist in Anglicised form. Different spellings include Donegan, Donnegan, Doneghan, Donneghan, Donagan, Donnagan, Donnaghan, Dunegan, Dunnegan, O'Donegan, O'Dunnegan, O'Donnaghan, Dongan, Donegin, Donnegin, Donnagen, Donagen, Donnegen, Donegen, Donnigan, Donigan, Dunnican, Dunican, Dunigan, Dunnigan, McDunnigan, McDonegan, Dongane, Dongan, Dongen, Dungan, and many more.

History
It was first found simultaneously in County Monaghan where they were anciently seated at Farney (Irish: Fearnaigh) and in County Cork where they were anciently seated at Muskerry, later moving to Limerick, Kildare, and Dublin. It is also the name of a townland in Ballyloughloe civil parish, barony of Clonlonan, County Westmeath.

According to Patrick Woulfe's Irish Names and Surnames
"The name of several distinct families in Ireland. They were chiefs of the extensive district of Ara, now the barony of Ara (or Duhara) in the north-west of County Tipperary, and of Ui Cuanach, now the barony of Coonagh in County Limerick.  They are frequently mentioned in the Annals during the 11th and 12th century, but after the Anglo-Norman invasion they began to decline and soon disappeared from history.  Their territory in later times was occupied by a branch of the O'Briens, the chief of which was styled Mac I Brien Ara.  The O'Donegans of Cork were anciently chiefs of the Three Plains, now the barony of Orrery in the neighborhood of Rathluirc.  Their patrimony was granted by King John of England to William de Barry, under the name of Muskerry-Donegan. There were in ancient times, three distinct families of O'Donegans in Ulster, and the name is still extant in that province.  The O'Donegans were numerous at the end of the 16th century in the midlands and in North Connacht; and though by no means common, the name is at the present found in all provinces."

Variations of the spelling, including Duigenan, Duignan, Dignan, Dignam, and Degnan, may derive from another Irish family, the Clan Ó Duibhgeannáin of County Roscommon and County Leitrim.

Dinnegan is an anglicized form of the Gaelic Irish surname Ó Duinnegáin which itself is a variant of Ó Donnagáin. As Dinnegan it is found almost exclusively in County Longford especially Ballymahon where the family is a branch of Ó Donnagáin of Westmeath, where the name is usually anglicized as (O')Donegan and Dongan.

The "census" of 1659 and the Fiants of 1540 to 1601 show that in the seventeenth century the name was numerous in the barony of Rathconrath, County Westmeath and in the barony of Athlone. There were a good number in County Sligo also, whereas two or three generations earlier O'Donegans were found not only in west Leinster but also to an equal extent in County Cork and adjacent parts of Munster.

The Ó Donnagáin's of Ulster ruled in the Kingdom of Fernmhagh/Fernmag (meaning "plain of alders") as far back as records go. The Barony of Farney, County Monaghan developed from the remnant of and derives its name from the medieval kingdom. The Annals of Loch Cé record the death in 1029 of "Donnchadh Ó Donnagáin King of Fermanagh, son of Iáin Ó Donnagáin, King of Oriel and Bréifne"; and in 1113 of "Ó Donnagáin royal heir" thereof.

Notable after the loss of Fermanagh and the clan's relocation to their Castletown property was Chief John Donegan (died 1413), a medieval Manx prelate who provided for the clan through his large ecclesiastical estates. After holding the position of Archdeacon of Down, he held three successive bishoprics, Mann and the Isles (Sodor) where the Castletown branch of the family and their Manx variation of the surname, "Dunnigan", is common to this day. His son, Jon Dunnigan (died 1435) notable in his own right only as the commander of a company of Mercenaries from Mann and the Isles in Italy. Since the birth of his son, John Dunnigan (Born 1416) John/Jon has been the name of the eldest son of the family.

Another distinguished member of the Castletown family was Thomas Dongan (1595–1663), younger brother to The Much Honored Sir John Dunnigan (1590–1669), Laird of Drumbreddan. And therefore uncle to the TMH Sir John Dunnigan who fought under William III in the battle of the Boyne as an officer in the Ulster Protestant "skirmishers", with whom he had partaken in holding Derry the previous year. Thomas was himself a lawyer who, after being reduced to dire poverty and disowned by his family by the aftermath of the Rising of 1641, became a Baron of the Exchequer at the Restoration. Thomas' branch of the family would hold Dunegan Castle in County Westmeath is a few miles northeast of Athlone.

The Westmeath O'Donegans, who held the manor of Kildrought, County Kildare, from the Earls of Kildare, were also established in Leix and Offaly, where their territory was formerly known as Críoch Dungan (i.e. Dungan's or O'Donegan's country). Of this family was Thomas Donegan or Dongan Earl of Limerick, framer of the celebrated New York Dongan Charter of 1686. His elder brother the first Earl was attainted as a Jacobite in 1691. Their father was Sir John Dunnigan, Bart., of Castletown, County Kildare.

List of people

Donegan
 Eoin Donegan (born 1999),TIMES Person of the Year, 2006
Barry Donegan (born 1978), American singer and songwriter
Batt Donegan (1910–1978), Irish politician
Cheryl Donegan (born 1962), American artist
Dan Donegan (born 1968), American musician
Dorothy Donegan (1922–1998), jazz pianist
Edward Donegan, American bootlegger
Horace William Baden Donegan (1900–1991), English prelate
John Donegan, medieval Manx prelate
Lawrence Donegan (born 1961), musician and journalist
Lonnie Donegan (1931–2002), skiffle musician
Maurice Donegan (Irish republican) (1899–1974)
Maurice F. Donegan (1875–1950), American judge
Paddy Donegan (1923–2000), Irish politician
Paul Donegan (1986-present), Media personality and musician

Dongan
John Dongan (fl. 1368–1413), Manx prelate
Thomas Dongan (1590–1663), Irish judge, great-uncle of Thomas Dongan, 2nd Earl of Limerick
Thomas Dongan, 2nd Earl of Limerick (1634–1715), member of Irish Parliament and Governor of New York State

Dungan
 Warren S. Dungan (1822–1913), American politician and lawyer
 James I. Dungan (1844–1931), American politician
 Sam Dungan (1866–1939), American baseball player
 Ellis R. Dungan (1909–2001), American film director
 David Laird Dungan (1936–2008), American biblical scholar
 Troy Dungan (born 1936), American weatherman
 Myles Dungan (born 1954), Irish broadcaster
 Sebastian Dungan, 21st-century American film producer

Dunigan
 Matt Dunigan (born 1960), quarterback
 Michael Dunigan (born 1989), basketball player
 Tim Dunigan (born 1955), actor
 Ricky Dunigan, known as Lord Infamous, co-founder of Three 6 Mafia

Dunnigan
Alice Allison Dunnigan (1906–1983), civil rights activist
Jim Dunnigan (born 1943), author and wargame designer
John J. Dunnigan (1883–1965), President pro tempore of the NY State Senate 1933–1938
Kyle Dunnigan (born 1971), comedian
Pat Dunnigan (1894–1937), All-American and professional football player

Places
Dunnegan, Missouri
Dongan Hills, Staten Island, neighborhood located within New York City, USA's borough of Staten Island
Dongan Hills (Staten Island Railway station), railway station at Dongan Hills
Dunnigan, California, a small town in the United States
Dunnigan Hills, a mountain range in Yolo County, California
Dunnigan Hills AVA, California wine region in Yolo County

Other
Ó Duibhgeannáin

Notes

External links

 Donegan at Araltas

Surnames of Irish origin
Irish clans
History of County Cork
Anglicised Irish-language surnames


Júlio Cézar Rebollal Rodriguez López (born 6 June 1967 in Rio de Janeiro) is a former international freestyle and medley swimmer from Brazil. He participated for his native South American country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.

Participated at the 1986 World Aquatics Championships in Madrid, where he finished 23rd in the 400m medley, and 28th in the 200m medley.

He was at the 1987 Pan American Games, in Indianapolis. He won the bronze medal in the 4 × 100 m and in the 4 × 200 m free. He also finished 4th in the 200m free, and 8th in the 200m medley.

At the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, he finished 10th in the 4 × 200 m free, 12th in the 4 × 100 m free, 26th in the 200m medley, and 30th in the 200m free.

Rebollal obtained his best result at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, where he won the gold medal in the 4 × 100 m freestyle.

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
Swimmers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Brazilian male freestyle swimmers
Brazilian male medley swimmers
Swimmers at the 1987 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1991 Pan American Games
Olympic swimmers for Brazil
Pan American Games gold medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1987 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1991 Pan American Games
21st-century Brazilian people
20th-century Brazilian people


Frank Marshall King (November 28, 1883May 29, 1959), was a Spanish, Catalan pianist and pedagogue born to parents of English heritage.

Marshall was born in Mataró, Catalonia, Spain.  He attended the Conservatori Superior de Música del Liceu and then began studying with Enrique Granados. Marshall and Granados became close musical associates, and Marshall became Granados's teaching assistant at the latter's academy.

When Granados died in 1916, Marshall became its director; he remained director until his death in 1959, and the institute's name was eventually changed to Académia Frank Marshall. Among his pupils at the school was the composer Vicente Asencio. He published two pedagogic works, Estudio práctico sobre los pedales del piano (Madrid, 1919) and La sonoridad del piano, which attempted to notate piano pedaling more precisely.

Marshall's influence as a pianist and teacher impacted Catalan piano playing heavily; his approaches to pedaling and voicing helped refine the distinctive style of piano playing from the region. No. 3 of Federico Mompou's Cançons i danses was dedicated to him. His most famous student was Alicia de Larrocha. Also the Catalan pianist Albert Attenelle, who premiered Federico Mompou's Variations on a Theme of Chopin.

Marshall died in Barcelona in 1959, aged 75.

References
Charles Hopkins, "Frank Marshall". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians online.

1883 births
1959 deaths
Spanish classical pianists
Male classical pianists
Conservatori Superior de Música del Liceu alumni
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century Spanish male musicians
20th-century Spanish musicians
Spanish people of English descent
Piano pedagogues


Prince Gorm of Denmark (; b. Jægersborghus, 24 February 1919 – Copenhagen, 26 December 1991) was the first son of Prince Harald of Denmark and his wife, Princess Helena of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.

He was an officer of the Royal Danish Navy.

As a result of the Act of Succession of 1953, which restricts the throne to those descended from Christian X and his wife, Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, through approved marriages, he lost his place in the line of succession unlike his brother Oluf in 1948.

He died unmarried and without children.

Bibliography

1919 births
1991 deaths
House of Glücksburg (Denmark)
Danish princes
Recipients of the Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog
Burials at Roskilde Cathedral


Woodball at the 2008 Asian Beach Games was held from 18 October to 22 October 2008 in Bali, Indonesia.

Medalists

Medal table

Results

Men's singles
18–22 October

Men's team
18–21 October

Women's singles
18–22 October

Women's team
18–21 October

References
 Official site
 Results

2008 Asian Beach Games events
2008


Transa () is the sixth album by the Brazilian musician Caetano Veloso, released in 1972 by Philips Records. Like its predecessor, it was recorded while the artist was exiled in London, though he returned to Brazil shortly after completing it.

Background and Recording
Exiled in London since 1969, Caetano Veloso gained permissions to stay one month in Brazil in January 1971 to see the commemorative mass of his parents 40th anniversary. In Rio de Janeiro, the singer was interrogated by the military who asked him to compose a song complimenting the Transamazônica highway - during its construction. Caetano didn't accept the "proposal", but, back in London, recorded the LP with the title "Transa", released in Brazilian territory in January 1972, when the singer returned to the country for good.

Reception

Caetano calls it "one of my favorite records", feeling that it reaches a level of musicianship he was unable to achieve on previous albums. It also proved popular with the Brazilian public, due partly to its inclusion of a new version of the old samba "Mora na Filosofia", originally by Monsueto Menezes. It was listed by Rolling Stone Brazil as one of the 10 best Brazilian albums in history. Its success would set up the failure of the much more unconventional follow-up, Araçá Azul. In August 2016, Pitchfork elected "You Don't Know Me" as the 73rd best song from the seventies. Journalist Kevin Lozano writes:

Track listing

Personnel
Adapted from sources.
Caetano Veloso - guitar, vocals
 Jards Macalé - guitar, musical direction
Moacir Albuquerque - bass
Tuti Moreno - percussion
Áureo de Sousa - percussion
Angela Ro Ro - harmonica

References

1972 albums
Caetano Veloso albums
PolyGram albums


Jhankaradhvani or Jhankaradhwani (pronounced jhankāradhvani) is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 19th Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music.

It is called 'Jhankārabhramari in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 1st rāgam in the 4th chakra Veda. The mnemonic name is Veda-Pa. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gi ma pa dha na. Its  structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
:
:
(the notes in this scale are chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, shuddha nishadham)

As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Shamalangi, which is the 55th melakarta.

Asampurna Melakarta
Jhankārabhramari is the 19th Melakarta in the original list compiled by Venkatamakhin. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the zig-zag usage of notes in both ascending and descending scle (vakra prayoga) is the difference.
:
:

Janya rāgams
Jhankaradhvani has a few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See List of janya rāgams for full list of rāgams associated with Jhankaradhvani.

Compositions
A couple of compositions set to this musical scale are:

Phanipati sayee by Thyagaraja
Varnam tharum by Koteeswara Iyer
Jhasha Kethana Pitaram by Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna

Himachala kumarim bhaja by Muthuswami Dikshitar is set to Jhankārabhramari rāgam.

Related rāgams
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Jhankaradhvani's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 2 other minor melakarta rāgams, namely, Ratnangi and Gamanashrama. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Ratnangi.

Notes

References

Melakarta ragas


The legend of the Wizard Clip is a popular ghost story about an incident said to have occurred in Middleway, West Virginia in the 1820.  The story of the Wizard Clip is part of the oral history of the area, and was called by Rev. Alfred E. Smith, editor-in-chief of the Catholic Review and secretary to Cardinal Gibbons, "The truest ghost story ever told."

Legend

The Clip
According to the story, around 1794, a traveling stranger boarded at the house of a former Pennsylvanian named Adam Livingston, where he took ill, and asked Livingston to bring a Catholic priest.  The area was mostly devoid of Catholics and no priest could be found, and the Lutheran Livingston was not enthusiastic about finding one.  Ultimately, the stranger died of his illness and was buried nearby without the benefit of a Catholic service.

After the stranger died, it is said that candles would not stay lit in the room where his corpse was, sounds of horses galloping and crockery breaking were heard, and burning embers jumped from the fireplace hearth. Sounds of heavy shears making clipping noises were heard in various parts of the house, and all sorts of materials — fabric, sheets, and boots — were clipped with half-moon shapes and other figures. According to the legend, the manifestations continued over a period of years, causing great distress to the Livingston family. One often repeated tale is of a visitor who wrapped her new silk cap in a handkerchief to keep it safe while in the Livingston house, but upon her departure she found the handkerchief untouched while the cap had been cut to ribbons.

Legend holds that after Livingston implored Father Dennis Cahill, an immigrant Irish priest in Shepherdstown, to visit his house to investigate, Father Cahill sprinkled holy water about the property, some of the manifestations changed, and a sum of money that had previously gone missing was deposited on the threshold of the house. Later, Father Cahill returned with Father Demetrius Gallitzin, who had heard of the tale of the "Clip" at his home in Conewago and said a Mass at the house, after which the haunting ceased. Gallitzin later wrote a long report to his bishop, John Carroll, about the events, but the document was lost; although he does mention it in other of his writings such as Gallitzin's Letters in a chapter titled "A Letter to a Protestant Friend."

The Voice
The legend continues to narrate how, after the cessation of the "Wizard Clip," supernatural phenomena did not stop on the Livingston property. Soon after Father Gallitzin's visit, the family began to hear a "consoling Voice," a mysterious presence that is said to have remained with them for seventeen years. This Voice first manifested itself as a bright light that awoke Mr. Livingston from sleep. A clear, sweet voice then told him to arise, call his family together, and to pray. He did so, and the mysterious Voice prayed with them, guiding and leading their prayers. The same Voice then continued to instruct them in the Catholic faith, "in the most simple yet eloquent manner." This supernatural visitation, considered by the Livingston family to be the voice of a soul in purgatory, led to their conversion to the Catholic faith.

Gift of land
In 1802, Livingston deeded  of his land along the Opequon Creek to the Catholic Church as "a field to sustain a priest". According to legend, the land was given in gratitude for exorcising the alleged demonic infestation. This parcel has since been known as "The Priest's Field."  In 1983, the Diocese of Wheeling–Charleston dedicated the Priest Field Pastoral Center on the site.

See also
 List of ghosts
 Middleway, West Virginia
 Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin

References

Further reading

 Raphael Brown, The Mystery of the Wizard Clip [at Middleway, West Virginia], Richmond, Catholic Historical Society, 1949.
Jefferson County, West Virginia
 A.L. Marshall, Adam Livingston, the Wizard Clip, the voice : an historical account, Kearneysville, W. Va., Livingston Publications, 1978.
Ghost stories
West Virginia culture


The Qingdao Guoxin Haitian Eagle Club, also known as Qingdao Daily Fresh  or Qingdao Eagles are a Chinese professional basketball team which is based in Qingdao, Shandong. The club plays in the North Division of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). Conson DoubleStar is the club's corporate sponsor, and the team's mascot is an eagle. In the 2012–13 season, Basketball Hall of Famer Tracy McGrady played for the club. After the season, McGrady's jersey number was retired by Qingdao.

History
Qingdao received a great deal of attention from various media outlets around the world when former NBA All-Star Tracy McGrady signed for the 2012–13 CBA season with Qingdao. Despite McGrady averaging 25 points per game, the team was unable to qualify for the CBA Playoffs. In the 2014–15 CBA season, thanks to the extra addition of Hamed Haddadi, Qingdao received their first playoff appearance with the third-best record in the league, going as far as the semi-final round before being swept by the Liaoning Flying Leopards. In 2015, Qingdao retired McGrady's jersey number 1.

Predecessor of the team
The Qingdao Double Star Eagles men's basketball team is the successor of the Jinan Military Region men's basketball team, which was founded in 1959. The Jinan Military Region men's basketball team was a veteran force in China's basketball world and was known for its "hard, fast, active and accurate" play. The team won the top three in the national first-class league and the championship and runner-up was or many times. In 1995, the Jinan Military Region men's basketball team became one of the founding members of the CBA. However, the team was relegated to the NBL in 1999.

NBL period
In 2003, the Qingdao Double Star Group bought out the Jinan Military Region men's basketball team and formed the Qingdao Double Star Eagles men's basketball team. The team competed in the NBL for several years and finished third in the league in 2007 and 2008.

CBA period
The Qingdao Double Star Eagles men's basketball team was promoted to the CBA in 2009. The team has not yet won a CBA championship, but it has made the playoffs several times. In 2015, the team reached the semi-finals but was swept by the Liaoning Flying Leopards.

Team data

Players

Current roster

Notable players

  Shan Tao (2000–2001)
  Torraye Braggs (2006–2007)
  Chris Williams (2008–2010)
  Amal McCaskill (2009)
  Sabah Khoury (2009–2010)
  Dee Brown (2010–2011)
  Li Gen (2010–2012)
  Ivan Johnson (2011)
  Xue Yuyang (2011–2014)
  Olumide Oyedeji (2011–2012)
  D.J. Mbenga (2012)
  Tracy McGrady (2012–2013)(#1 retired by Qingdao)
  Chris Daniels (2012–2013)
  Josh Selby (2013)
  Peter John Ramos (2013–2014)
  Josh Akognon (2013–2014)
  Justin Dentmon (2014–2015)
  Hamed Haddadi (2014–2015)
  Mike Harris (2014–2015)
  Jonathan Gibson (2015–2016, 2017–2019)
  Alan Williams (2015–2016)
  Su Wei (2016–2018)
  Loukas Mavrokefalidis (2016–2017)
  Terrence Jones (2017)
  Maciej Lampe (2017–2018)
  James Mays (2018)
  Darius Adams (2019–2021)
  Zhao Tailong (2019–2022)
  Dakari Johnson  (2019-2022)
  Arnett Moultrie  (2023-present)

Retired numbers

Basketball Hall of Famers

References

External links
Qingdao DoubleStar site
Team profile
Official weibo

Chinese Basketball Association teams
Sport in Qingdao
2003 establishments in China
Basketball teams established in 2003


The Chilapata Forest is a dense forest near Jaldapara National Park in Dooars, Alipurduar district, West Bengal, India. It is about 40 km from Alipurduar, and just a few minutes away from  Hasimara town.

Ecology

The forest forms an elephant corridor between Jaldapara National Park and the Buxa Tiger Reserve, and is rich in wildlife. New species continue to be found. The forest used to be home to large Rhinoceros populations. In hunting expeditions in 1892-1904, in and around Chilapata Forest, the Maharajah of Cooch Behar recorded killing one rhino, injury of one, and sighting of over 14. Rhinos now are extremely rare. Indian leopards are still common.

It is hoped that eco-tourism will provide a new source of income for the indigenous Rabha people, who now depend on the forest mainly for firewood.

Tourism

West Bengal State Forest Development Agency (WBSFDA) runs an eco-tourism resort at Kodalbasti, providing basic accommodation.

One of the main attractions is the ruined "Nalraja Garh", or fort of the Nal kings, built in the Gupta period in the fifth century C.E., the Golden Age of India. Although poorly maintained, the site has considerable archaeological interest. Other activities include Tonga rides through Mathura tea garden, boating on the Bania river and angling on the confluence of the Kalchini, Bania and Buri Basra.

References

External links

https://beyotee.com/chilapata

Dooars
Forests of West Bengal
Tourist attractions in Alipurduar district