is a major Japanese industrial and engineering corporation. It produces waste treatment plants, industrial plants, precision machinery, industrial machinery, steel mill process equipment, steel structures, construction machinery, tunnel boring machines, and power plants. Despite its name, Hitachi Zosen, of which the last word literally means shipbuilding, no longer builds ships, having spun off the business to Universal Shipbuilding Corporation in 2002, nor is it a keiretsu company of Hitachi any longer.

History
Hitachi Zōsen's origins go back to April 1, 1881, when British entrepreneur Edward H. Hunter established  in Osaka to develop the Japanese steel-making and shipbuilding industry. Hunter had come to Japan in 1865 and had established the Onohama Shipyard in Kobe before moving to Osaka and establishing a new shipyard at the junction of the Nakatsu and Aki rivers which could construct ships of under 1000 tons displacement. His first vessel, the Hatsumaru was launched in 1882. Hunter intended to build a company which was completely self-sufficient, and also produced engines, boilers, bridges and irrigation equipment.

An additional facility was established downstream on the Aji river at Sakurajima in 1900 to handle construction of vessels larger than 1000 tons. The first oil tanker built in Japan, the 531-ton Tora maru was launched in 1908, for Standard Oil Company.

Another shipyard was constructed at Innoshima, Hiroshima in 1911. Hunter changed his name to "Hanta" in 1915 after marrying a Japanese woman, and after transforming the company into a joint stock company, turned it over to his son, Ryutarō Hanta in 1915. The company continued to prosper, adding the Bingō Dockyard in 1919, Harada Shipbuilding Works in 1920, Hikojima Dockyard in 1924. Many of the iron bridges in Osaka and surrounding areas were designed and built by Osaka Iron Works. The company also began to expand into equipment for hydroelectric power plants in 1924.

The company was re-organized in 1934, coming under the overall control of the Nissan zaibatsu, and was renamed as K.K. Nihon Sangyō Osaka Tekkoshō.

While most of the lucrative contracts for naval warships for the Imperial Japanese Navy went to Osaka Iron Work’s competitors, the company did build a large number of smaller auxiliary vessels such as minesweepers, landing craft, transport submarines and was involved in the conversion of old merchant ships for military use. Hitachi Zōsen also built the Kumano Maru, a transport aircraft carrier, at its Innoshima works in 1945. During World War II, the Osaka Iron Works expanded by opening a new shipyard at Kanagawa and acquiring the existing Mukaishima shipyard in 1943. It also changed its name to Hitachi Zosen Corporation in 1943.

After the surrender of Japan at the end of World War II, under the SCAP's economic democratization policy (dissolution of the zaibatsu and large business enterprises), the company was spun out from Hitachi, Ltd. in 1947. Since then Hitachi Zōsen has been independent from Hitachi or the Nissan Group although it is still a member of the Shunko-kai and Shunko Kowa-kai. Hitachi Zōsen quickly restarted operations as a builder of fishing vessels and coastal transports. By 1955, Hitachi Zōsen had emerged as one of the largest shipbuilders in Japan. The company also expanded into other markets. In 1957, as part of a technical cooperation with B&W Diesel in Denmark, Hitachi built the world’s largest diesel engine. It also completed its first turn-key overseas plant project with the completion of a chemical fertilizer plant for India in 1964. In the shipbuilding field, Hitachi began to specialize in ever larger sizes of oil tankers, pioneering in methods for computer assisted design and modular, automated construction techniques. Hitachi acquired another shipyard, Maizuru Heavy Industries, in 1971 and opened a new shipyard at Ariake in Kyushu in 1973.

However, the global oil crisis of 1973 with its consequent reduction in ship demand resulted in financial difficulties for the company. Hitachi Zōsen, with over 50% of its revenues from ships was hard hit by the cancellation in orders for supertankers and attempted to survive by turning to oil rigs, oil storage facilities, and steel structures, pipes and bridges. However, with rising material costs and losses due to fixed price contracts, high overhead and redundant facilities meant that the company had to restructure from the 1980s. By 1988, the company employed only 5,596 workers, down from 24,660 ten years earlier.

The company also made strong efforts to diversify away from the shipbuilding roots, expanding especially into industrial and municipal waste disposal facilities. However, its boldest move was in October 2002, when it sold its shipbuilding operations to a new joint venture with NKK Corporation (now JFE Holdings) called Universal Shipbuilding Corporation (now called Japan Marine United).

In March 2021, Hitachi Zosen unveiled a solid-state battery with a capacity of 1000mAh, which the company reckoned is the world's highest in its kind.

Notes

References

External links
Official Website

Engineering companies of Japan
Shipbuilding companies of Japan
Defense companies of Japan
Midori-kai
Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Manufacturing companies based in Osaka
Subterranean excavating equipment companies
1881 establishments in Japan
Japanese brands
Diesel engine manufacturers
Marine engine manufacturers
Engine manufacturers of Japan
Ships built by Osaka Iron Works


Beth McCann (born February 10, 1949) is an American politician who serves as the current Denver District Attorney, the first woman to hold the office.  A Democrat, McCann beat her opponent, independent Helen Morgan, winning 74% of the vote in the November, 2016 general election. Before serving as Denver's DA, McCann served from 2008 to 2017 as a Colorado State Representative, representing House District 8, which encompasses portions of central Denver, Colorado.

Legislative career

2008 election
Beth McCann defeated Matt Bergles and Cindy Lowery in the contested Democratic primary in August, taking 49 percent of votes cast. McCann faced no opposition in the November 2008 general election. Her candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post.

2009 legislative session
For the 2009 legislative session, McCann was named to seats on the House Appropriations Committee, the House State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee, and was tapped to be vice-chair of the House Judiciary Committee. McCann sponsored legislation to limit the number of dogs owned by commercial dog breeders to 25 and to require annual veterinary exams for breeding dogs.

2012 election
In the 2012 General Election, Representative McCann faced Republican challenger Alan Johnson.  McCann was elected by a wide margin of 83% to 13%.

References

External links
 State Representative campaign website
 District Attorney campaign website

1949 births
20th-century American women lawyers
American Presbyterians
District attorneys in Colorado
Georgetown University Law Center alumni
Living people
Democratic Party members of the Colorado House of Representatives
People from Radford, Virginia
Politicians from Denver
Wittenberg University alumni
Women state legislators in Colorado
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
20th-century American lawyers
21st-century American women lawyers
21st-century American lawyers


Tomar Jonyo or Tomar Janna (For You) is a Tollywood film which was released in 2008. Directed by Nilanjan Banerjee, the movie featured Rishi, Shriya Jha, Subrata Dutta . Shriya’s debut film Gita, in the Telugu film industry. But Zee Motion Pictures cast Shriya Jha in Bengali film. Koel Mallick was supposedly cast as the female lead but she opted out, due to date problems. Shriya plays Aankhee, a visually challenged girl who runs a flower shop and falls in love with Joseph (Rishi Roy, named Arindam Roy in Ollywood but rename himself to Rishi for Bengali Film Industry. Nilanjan Banerjee  is a SRFTI graduate.

Plot
The story is about Joseph, an orphan, who is brought up by a Father of a church. Joseph is the driver of a famous Tollywood actress Reshmi Ghosh and also sings at a pub. Joseph falls in love with a blind girl Ankhi but hides his original identity from her and her mother. For them he is Aditya, a rich businessman. One day from Ankhi's mother Joseph discovers that Ankhi's eyes can be cured but it will cost 5 lakhs rupees. He takes the money from a goon and helps his gang to kidnap Reshmi, the actress. Joseph's childhood friend Kancha tries to stop him from doing this crime, but fails to stop him. But honest Joseph doesn't become a criminal, when Ankhi enters the O.T. he surrenders to police, and is imprisoned for four years. Upon his release, he finds the Father is no more. He searches for Ankhi and finds that she has become very rich. He decides not to reveal his identity to Ankhi and stay away from her. Joseph gets a job of a singer at a bar with Kancha's help. There Rahul Roy notices him and gives him the job of his driver. Suddenly Joseph learns that Ankhi is currently Rahul's love interest. On the day of their engagement Rahul forces Joseph to sing a song. By listening to the song Ankhi realizes that Joseph is Aditya and she leaves the party with tears. Rahul understands the situation. In this mean time Reshmi arrives at the party for being the schoolmate of Rahul. There she identifies Joseph and tells everyone that he is a criminal. But Rahul understands the love and feelings of Joseph and allows Ankhi and Joseph to get engaged and thus the movie ends happily.

Cast
 Rishi Roy as Joseph
 Subrat Dutta as Rahul Roy
 Shriya as Aankhi
 Kanchan Mullick
 Supriyo Dutt
 Soumitra Chatterjee as father (cameo)
 Locket Chatterjee as Reshmi Ghosh, an actress
 Alokananda

Music

Critical reception
The Telegraph said that The taut treatment, the highs and lows in the storyline and a sensible dose of humour help keep the film afloat.

References

External links

2008 films
Bengali-language Indian films
2000s Bengali-language films


Joe Miklosi is an American businessman and politician who served as a Colorado Representative from 2009 to 2013, he worked eight years for Project C.U.R.E., an international health care nonprofit organization, which donates life-saving medical supplies to hospitals in over 130 developing nations, and he helped start an Internet software company in the 1990s. Since 2015, Miklosi has been the CEO of Bridge Consulting, a public benefit corporation that provides international business and development, government relations, and nonprofit fundraising consulting services. He served as legislator in the U.S. state of Colorado. Elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 2008, Miklosi represented House District 9, which encompasses portions of Arapahoe County and southeast Denver, Colorado.

Early life, education, and business career
Originally from New Boston, Michigan, Miklosi attended Hope College in Michigan, earning a bachelor's degree in 1992, in political science and religion. He later earned a master's degree in public administration with a concentration in nonprofit executive management from the University of Colorado at Denver in 2004. His master's thesis focused on increasing civic engagement among youth.

Miklosi worked in the private sector for six years, for Cyveillance as business development manager, as a software consultant for Computer Associates and Veritas Software, and as a consultant for Aristotle Industries, a campaign software company.  Joe also worked for Project C.U.R.E. for nearly eight years until starting Bridge Consulting, a Colorado Public Corporation that provides both political consulting and international nonprofit and business development consulting services.

Early political career
As a worker on the 1992 presidential campaign of Bill Clinton in South Dakota, Miklosi helped organize a 10,000-person rally and get out the vote efforts. He later interned in the White House Office of Public Liaison. Staying in Washington D.C., Miklosi worked as a legislative aide to U.S. Senator Howard Metzenbaum of Ohio, on environmental, interior, and health care issues.

In 2002, Miklosi took the post of Director of Operations for Colorado State Representatives Dan Grossman and Jennifer Veiga. The following year, he served Veiga's Chief of Staff when she became House Minority Leader. In both of these positions, he worked with Democratic legislative candidates as the Democratic Party gained seats in the 2002 and 2004 elections.

Following the 2004 elections, in which Democrats gained a majority in the state house, Miklosi worked under Speaker Andrew Romanoff as Director of the Democratic State House Caucus. He then joined Progressive Majority as their Colorado state director, helping elect progressive candidates to local and legislative races statewide. While at Progressive Majority, he also helped launch the annual Color Colorado Conference, designed to foster engagement and participation in the political process among racial and ethnic minorities.

In 2007, Miklosi joined Project C.U.R.E., the largest organization in the world that annually collects and donates over $60 million worth of quality, donated medical supplies, medical equipment, and related program services, such as onsite needs assessments, to thousands of hospitals and health care clinics in 133 developing nations across the globe. Miklosi generated millions of dollars of revenue for Project C.U.R.E. and worked as the organization's Director of Government Relations for nearly eight years. During his first six months at Project C.U.R.E., Miklosi generated his own salary.

In September, 2015, Miklosi founded Bridge Consulting, a Public Benefit Corporation or B-Corp. Bridge Consulting helps clients navigate government bureaucracies and assists nonprofits receive government, foundation, and corporate funding by providing government relations, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Public Private Partnership consulting services both domestically and internationally. Bridge Consulting also provides political consulting, lobbying, and international business development services.

Legislative career in the General Assembly

2008 election
Joe Miklosi defeated Paul Rosenthal in a contested and bitter Democratic primary in August, taking 58 percent of votes cast.

Miklosi faced Republican James Landauer in the November 2008 general election. Miklosi's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post,
 and he won the race with 67 percent of the popular vote.

2009 legislative session

For the 2009 legislative session, Miklosi was named to seats on the House Judiciary Committee, the House State, Veterans, and Military Affairs Committee, and the Legislative Audit Committee.

2010 Election
Representative Miklosi defeated Republican challenger Bob Lane by a margin of 61% to 39%.

2010 legislative session

2011 legislative session

2012 legislative session

Representative Miklosi announced he would not stand for re-election in House District 9 and would challenge incumbent Republican congressman Mike Coffman.  Miklosi was succeeded by onetime opponent Paul Rosenthal.

2012 congressional election

Miklosi is running for the newly redrawn Colorado's 6th congressional district, currently represented by conservative Republican Mike Coffman. Coffman's old district was won by McCain with 53%. The new district was won by Barack Obama with 54% of the vote (in line with the statewide average). The 6th Congressional district is now considered a swing district.

He got the endorsement from every Democrat currently serving in the Colorado State House of Representatives and former Colorado House Speaker Andrew Romanoff. He was also endorsed by former U.S. Congressman John Salazar, Planned Parenthood, and Colorado AFL-CIO. Miklosi received the endorsement of Democracy for America, and was selected as one of their Dean Dozen.

Endorsements and ratings
Miklosi was endorsed by Democracy For America in December 2011. The group then adopted Miklosi into their "Dean Dozen," a listing of their 12 highest-priority candidates, in August 2012. He was also endorsed by the group's founder, former Vermont Gov. Howard Dean, at that time. The group has raised Miklosi over $40,000 as of October 2012.

MoveOn.org's Colorado members endorsed Miklosi in July 2012.

The Colorado branch of the AFL-CIO labor union endorsed Miklosi in November 2011.

2012 Congressional election
In the 2012 General Election, Representative Miklosi faced incumbent Republican Coffman.  Coffman was reelected by a margin of 48% to 46% with neither candidate receiving a majority.

References

External links
Joe Mklosi for U.S. Congress official campaign website
Joe Miklosi at the Colorado General Assembly

Campaign contributions at OpenSecrets.org
Profile at Ballotpedia
Profile at Colorado House Democrats

Year of birth missing (living people)
American businesspeople
Methodists from Colorado
Hope College alumni
People from Wayne County, Michigan
Legislative staff
Living people
Democratic Party members of the Colorado House of Representatives
Politicians from Denver
University of Colorado Denver alumni
21st-century American politicians


Supernumerary chromosome could refer to:

 B chromosome in some animals and plants
 Small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) in humans


Manisan is a mountain in Incheon, South Korea. It is situated in Ganghwa County and is the highest peak on Ganghwa Island. Manisan  has an elevation of . There is a popular hiking trail to the summit; at the summit is Chamseongsdan, an altar where Dangun (the founding father of Korea) performed ritual ceremonies.

See also
 List of mountains in Korea

Notes

References

Mountains of Incheon
Ganghwa County


Mark Waller (born 1969) is a former Colorado county commissioner as well as a former legislator in the U.S. state of Colorado and county level assistant district attorney. Elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican in 2008, Waller had represented House District 15, which encompasses portions of northeastern Colorado Springs, Colorado. Waller also served in the US Air Force from 1993 until 2000, joining the Air Force Reserves in 2001, and following his graduation from the University of Denver Law School, he worked as an attorney prosecuting insurgents during the Iraq War; he was deployed in 2006.

Waller obtained his B.S. in political science from Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville in 1992, his M.S. in space studies from the University of North Dakota in 1998, and his J.D. from the University of Denver College of Law in 2003. His professional experience includes working as deputy district attorney for the 10th Judicial District of Pueblo Colorado, reservist for the legal office of 21st Space Wing, Peterson AFB, space systems operator for Schriever AFB, and a private attorney. Waller served as an officer in the United States Air Force.https://ballotpedia.org/Mark_Waller_(Colorado)

Legislative career

2008 election

Mark Waller defeated incumbent Rep. Douglas Bruce in the contested Republican primary in August, taking 52 percent of votes cast.

Waller faced Democrat Leslie Maksimowicz in the November 2008 general election. Waller's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post and the Colorado Springs Independent,
 and he won election to the legislature with 66 percent of votes cast.

2009 legislative session
For the 2009 legislative session, Waller was named to seats on the House Education Committee and the House Judiciary Committee.

Waller sponsored legislation to require disclosure on clothes collection bins operated by for-profit companies, to include a new derivative of methamphetamine to Colorado's list of banned drugs, and to exclude dry-ice bombs from a felony list of explosives, and to allow homeschooled students to enroll in college classes.

2010 legislative session
During the 2010 legislative session, Waller concentrated on criminal-justice related bills. A bill based on Governor Bill Ritter's criminal justice commission addressed reforming possession-related drug offenses, reducing some of the felonies and redirecting money toward treatment and recidivism reduction. Waller also worked to stop House Bill 1205, a military exclusion bill that Waller viewed as unfair in regards to private property rights; he sought to reconcile interests of both military installations and private property owners, particularly in terms of the prevalence of both within his district.

2010 election
Waller defeated Democrat Marcus Cimino with 74.7% of the 26,229 votes cast in the 2010 Midterm Election.

2011 legislative session

2012 legislative session

2012 election
In the 2012 General Election, Representative Waller faced Libertarian challenger Larry Reedy. Waller was reelected by a margin of 73% to 15% with other third-party candidates garnering the remainder of the vote.

2013 legislative session
Waller served as House Minority leader during the 2013 legislative session. A bipartisan effort with Democrat Pete Lee passed legislation that moved forward the state's restorative justice programs, albeit with compromises acknowledged on Waller's part.

Post-legislative career

2014 election
When John Suthers left the position to run in the 2015 Colorado Springs mayoral election, Waller declared his candidacy for Colorado Attorney General. Following a low performance in the primary on June 24, Waller withdrew from the race and endorsed Cynthia Coffman, who went on to win the November election.

2016 election
Following a defeat of his primary opponent Tim Geitner, Waller was sworn in as El Paso County Commissioner for District 2, which encompasses the eastern side of Colorado Springs and the eastern edges of El Paso County. Waller took his seat early due to his predecessor, Amy Lathen, exiting her position for another job in June 2016. Waller's four-year term began on January 11, 2017, following his win in the November 2016 General Election.

2020 election
Waller declared his candidacy for the position of District Attorney in the 4th Judicial District in June 2019. He faced Senior Deputy District Attorney Michael Allen in the GOP primary, held June 30, 2020. Both Waller and Allen secured multiple endorsements early in the contest; Waller's included El Paso County Sheriff Bill Elder, while Allen was endorsed by John Suthers Allen won the race on June 30 by around 8,000 votes. Waller's term as county commissioner ended after 2020.

References

External links
 Campaign website

1969 births
Living people
County commissioners in Colorado
Republican Party members of the Colorado House of Representatives
People from Macomb, Illinois
Politicians from Colorado Springs, Colorado
Southern Illinois University Edwardsville alumni
United States Air Force officers
University of Denver alumni
University of North Dakota alumni
21st-century American politicians
Military personnel from Illinois
Military personnel from Colorado


Dennis Barcial Apuan (born October 30, 1964, died May 23, 2020.) is an American politician and former one-term state legislator in Colorado. A Filipino-American activist, non-profit leader, and community organizer, he narrowly won election to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 2008. He ran for re-election in 2010 but lost to his Republican opponent. He represented House District 17, which encompasses portions of southwestern Colorado Springs, Colorado and the Fort Carson military base.

Biography
Born in Manila, Apuan emigrated to the United States at the age of 20. Moving to Colorado Springs from Los Angeles in 1997, he took a job at Broadmoor Community Church, where he began as a janitor but later became the church's business administrator.

He worked as a community organizer for Colorado Unity and as a regional director for the Colorado Progressive Coalition. Apuan served as vice-chairman of the El Paso County Democratic Party for four years.

He has been a member of the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs Diversity Strategic Planning Team, a program director  and chairman of the Pikes Peak Justice and Peace Commission, and of the First Congregational Church in Colorado Springs.

In 2003, Apuan was among four peace activists arrested for trespassing and sentenced to perform community service for protesting nuclear weapons at Peterson Air Force Base. Apuan participated in non-violent protests against the Iraq War at the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City and in 2007 in Colorado Springs.

Legislative career

2008 election
Choosing to run for the state house shortly before the Democratic district assemblies in February, Apuan took a leave of absence from his position with the Colorado Progressive Coalition to seek the state house seat being vacated by retiring Republican Representative Stella Garza-Hicks.

Apuan had no opposition in the Democratic primary in August, and faced Republican Kit Roupe in the November 2008 general election. While his opponent's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post, Apuan was endorsed by the Colorado Springs Independent.
 During the final weeks of the campaign, Apuan was characterized by Roupe in a mass mail advertisement as a "violent, anti-war, anti-military protester" in reference to his anti-war protest activities, charges Apuan described as "totally false".

House District 17, covering an area southwestern Colorado Springs with a large transient population, including the Fort Carson military base,  was seen as a swing district by political observers, and Apuan benefited from Democratic coattails and increased voter turnout to win the seat narrowly, raising more than $40,000 in his campaign. Apuan prevailed by a narrow margin of less than 600 votes, winning just over 51 percent of ballots cast in the race.

Roupe was the only Republican in the Colorado House of Representatives to be defeated by a Democrat in 2008. Apuan himself had difficulty casting a ballot in his own race; after first not receiving a mail-in ballot, Apuan was given an incorrect ballot at a polling place on election day. He ultimately was able to cast a provisional ballot in the correct district.

During his campaign and after his election, Apuan expressed priorities of small businesses tax cuts, fostering jobs in clean energy, and reducing health-care costs.

2009 legislative session
For the 2009 legislative session, Apuan was named to seats on the House Finance Committee and the House Judiciary Committee. He sponsored legislation to allow organizations providing inclusive elder care to employ physicians. Although Apuan had hoped to sponsor legislation providing free college tuition to military veterans, state budget constraints led him to instead propose legislation to provide child care for military families. Another bill sponsored by Apuan would provide prospective homeowners with information about future energy bills.

References

Politicians from Manila
Filipino emigrants to the United States
American politicians of Filipino descent
Members of the Colorado House of Representatives
Asian-American people in Colorado politics
1964 births
Living people
Politicians from Los Angeles
Politicians from Colorado Springs, Colorado
Activists from California


Sue Schafer is an educator and former legislator from the U.S. state of Colorado. Elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 2008, Schafer represented House District 24, which encompassed the cities of Wheat Ridge, Edgewater, and Arvada, and was redrawn in 2011 to encompass Wheat Ridge, Edgewater and Golden.

Biography
Born in Portland, Maine, Schafer holds a bachelor's degree in secondary education from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, a master's degree in counseling from the University of Colorado at Boulder and a doctorate in education from the University of Northern Colorado. She also holds a principal's license from Colorado State University.

She has taught social studies and French in Denver public schools, worked as a counselor in Omaha Public Schools and at Skagit Valley Community College in Mt. Vernon, Washington, and spent two decades as the curriculum director and accreditation manager for the Colorado Department of Education. She has served on the Executive Board of the Colorado High School Activities Association, won the Contribution Award from the Colorado Congress of Foreign Language Teachers, and the Distinguished Service Award from the Colorado Art Education Association. Most recently, Schafer has worked as an educational consultant for low-performing schools.

Schafer has been a member of the Wheat Ridge Senior/Community Center Advisory Committee, the Wheat Ridge 2020 Urban Renewal Planning Committee, the League of Women Voters, and Wheat Ridge Congregational United Church of Christ.

She served as a legislative intern in the Colorado House of Representatives in 2006 and has been both a precinct captain and the chair of the Democratic Party in the 24th district for eight years.

Schafer, a lesbian, has two daughters and lives in Wheat Ridge, Colorado with her partner, Barb Nash.

Legislative career

2008 election
Sue Schafer narrowly defeated Denver Regional Transportation District Director Dave Ruchman in the contested Democratic primary in August, winning by only 29 votes, with 50.29% of ballots cast; the race was not decided until several days after the primary election.

Schafer faced Republican Cheryl Palm in the November 2008 general election. Schafer's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post, the Golden Transcript, and the Wheat Ridge Transcript. She easily won the general election with 62 percent of the votes cast and took office on January 7, 2009.

2009 legislative session
For the 2009 legislative session, Schafer was named to seats on the House Education Committee and the House Local Government Committee.

Schafer's first bill of the 2009 session, a measure requiring that flight schools train pilots in both takeoff and landing procedures, passed the state house unanimously.

2010 legislative session

2010 election

2011 legislative session

While discussing a bill to allow for government funding of male circumcision, Schafer wondered, "if there's a risk for more sexual activity, more male irresponsibility" for uncircumcised boys. She supported the bill to allow government funding for circumcision.

2012 legislative session

2012 election
In the 2012 General Election, Representative Schafer faced Republican challenger E. V. Leyendecker.  Schafer was reelected by a margin of 59% to 37%.

References

External links
 Campaign website

People from Wheat Ridge, Colorado
Democratic Party members of the Colorado House of Representatives
Lesbian politicians
LGBT state legislators in Colorado
University of Nebraska–Lincoln alumni
University of Colorado alumni
University of Northern Colorado alumni
Colorado State University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
LGBT people from Maine
Living people
Women state legislators in Colorado
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians


Cheri Rodgers Gerou (born February 3, 1956 in Casper, Wyoming) is an American architect and former politician, who served as a Republican in the General Assembly of the U.S. state of Colorado. First elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican in 2008, Gerou represented House District 25, which encompasses western Jefferson County, Colorado. She currently serves as the Director of Capital Assets at the University of Colorado.

Biography

Born and raised in Wyoming, Gerou moved to Colorado in 1975. She earned a bachelor's degree in fine arts from the University of Colorado at Boulder and settled in Evergreen, Colorado in the late 1980s.

Gerou and her husband, Phillip H. Gerou, who, like her, is a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, have two children, Greg and Sara, and are the co-founders of Gerou & Associates, an Evergreen architectural firm specializing in residential, small commercial, and historic preservation work.

An active member of the American Institute of Architects (AIA), Gerou has served as co-chair of the 1998 Denver Design Awards, president of the Denver AIA chapter in 2002, and president of the Colorado AIA chapter in 2006, and chair of the Constructors and Designers Alliance in 2008. She was named to the State Licensing Board of Architects, Professional Engineers and Professional Land Surveyors by Gov. Bill Owens in 2006, and has served as the board's secretary as vice chair of the Survey Quorum of Professional Land Surveyors. She is also a member of the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, the American Society of Interior Designers, The National Trust for Historic Preservation, and the Colorado Historical Society.

In the local community, she has served as chair of the Board of Deacons for Rockland Community Church, as a board member of The Kempe Center, and as a chair of the Community Caring Project.

Legislative career

2008 election
Gerou faced no opposition in the Republican primary in August, but faced Democrat Andrew Scripter and Libertarian Jack Woehr in the November 2008 general election. Gerou's candidacy was endorsed by the Golden Transcript
 and the Denver Post. Gerou won the traditionally Republican seat previously held by Rep. Rob Witwer, who had opted not to run for another term, taking 53 percent of the votes cast, winning by ten percentage points.

2009 legislative session
For the 2009 legislative session, Gerou was named to seats on the House Finance Committee and the House Health and Human Services Committee.

2010 election
In 2010, Gerou was re-elected to the Colorado Assembly with no opponent on the ballot.

2012 election
In the 2012 General Election, Representative Gerou faced Democratic challenger Lorna Idol and Libertarian Jack Woehr.  Gerou was reelected by a margin of 55% to 40% to 5%.

2014 election
In 2014, Gerou did not run for reelection. She was succeeded by Republican attorney and veteran Jon Keyser.

References

External links
 Campaign website
 Gerou & Associates, Ltd. website

1956 births
Living people
Politicians from Casper, Wyoming
People from Evergreen, Colorado
Architects from Colorado
University of Colorado Boulder alumni
Republican Party members of the Colorado House of Representatives
Women state legislators in Colorado
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians


Herschel Lewis Roman (September 29, 1914 – July 2, 1989) was a geneticist famous for popularizing the use of yeast in genetic research.

Biography

Roman was born in Szumsk in eastern Poland on September 29, 1914.  His father had moved to the United States, intending to bring Herschel and his mother, but they were not able to travel until 1921 because of World War I.  After that, he spent his early years in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin, then in St. Louis, where they had sent Herschel in advance to provide him with an urban high school education.  He enrolled at the University of Missouri in 1932 and, majoring in chemistry and minoring in physics, graduated in 1936.  During his senior year, he met Lewis Stadler.  For his graduate studies, Roman became Stadler's graduate student and switched to genetics.

In 1942 Roman received his Ph.D. in genetics from the University of Missouri, moved to Seattle in September, and joined the faculty of the Department of Botany at the University of Washington, where he stayed for the rest of his career.  Around 1944, during World War II, he entered the Army Air Force, became a captain, and then returned to the University of Washington in 1946.  He started studying the cytogenetics of maize, experimenting with their supernumerary B chromosomes, but found that the maize with "interesting" genes were not hardy enough to grow west of the Cascade Mountains.  After difficult experiences with growing maize in a greenhouse, going to the California Institute of Technology each summer from 1946 to 1948, and growing corn in Cle Elum, Washington to get east of the Cascades, Roman decided to switch to studying Saccharomyces cerevisiae instead.  He invited Carl Lindegren, faculty member at Washington University in St. Louis and the only yeast geneticist in the United States, to visit the University of Washington.  From then on, Roman's concentration was on yeast genetics.

In 1952 and 1956, Roman spent sabbaticals in Paris working with Boris Ephrussi.  The University of Washington established its Department of Genetics in June 1959, with Roman as chairman; he held the seat until August 1980.

Roman, who fellow yeast geneticist Geovanni Magni declared to be the "Pope of yeast genetics", received numerous honors during his career.  He was president of the Genetics Society of America in 1968 and received its Thomas Hunt Morgan Medal in 1985, and was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1969 and the National Academy of Sciences in 1970.  He also received honorary doctorates from Pierre and Marie Curie University (University of Paris 6) and the University of Missouri.  He was also the founding editor of the Annual Review of Genetics.

Roman suffered a stroke in January 1976.  He remained active in research until his death from stroke at Swedish Hospital in Seattle, Washington, on July 2, 1989, aged 74.

References

1914 births
1989 deaths
People from Mława County
American geneticists
University of Missouri alumni
University of Washington faculty
United States Army Air Forces officers
20th-century Polish Jews
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
20th-century American biologists
Annual Reviews (publisher) editors


Rob Deering (born 1972) is an English comedian, musician and writer.

Personal life
Deering grew up in London and Oxfordshire, and lives in London with his wife Julia and their children. Deering is an avid runner and has run eight marathons including five London Marathons; so far he has raised nearly £100,000 for Parkinson's UK.

Career
Deering was the host and writer of three series of Out to Lunch on BBC Radio 2. He also hosted 99 Things to Do Before You Die on Channel 5. In 2007, he appeared on a special edition of The Weakest Link, winning the show and answering all his questions correctly. Deering also appeared on the Channel 4 quiz show Fifteen to One in 1997. He won an edition of Celebrity Mastermind broadcast on 28 December 2014 with a score of 27 points. He has appeared as a guest on shows including Banter, 4 at the Fringe on BBC Radio 4 and Jammin on BBC Radio 2. He has also guest-starred in Jason Manford's Comedy Rocks. He took part in the 'Laughing for a Change' project in 2014, which aimed to raise awareness of mental health through a comedy tour, also featuring Mrs Barbara Nice and Seymour Mace. The project was supported by Time to Change.

Deering currently cohosts a running-themed podcast with fellow comedian and runner Paul Tonkinson called Running Commentary. A book spin-off of the podcast written by Rob can currently be ordered on Unbound.

References

External links
Rob Deering Official Website

 https://www.acast.com/runningcommentary

Living people
English male comedians
English stand-up comedians
English comedy musicians
1972 births
Comedians from London


Scientific WorkPlace (often abbreviated to SWP) is a software package for scientific word processing on Microsoft Windows and OS X.

Although advertised as a WYSIWYG LaTeX-based word processor, it is actually a graphical user interface for editing LaTeX source files with the same ease-of-use of a word processor, while maintaining a screen view that resembles but is not identical to the eventual output that LaTeX produces. For instance, its display shows text wrapped to the width of the screen rather than to the eventual page width, and colored equations rather than the black-and-white rendering that LaTeX would normally produce.  It also includes an integrated computer algebra system.

Because Scientific WorkPlace is based on LaTeX, it can be used to produce files in the house style of any scientific journal that also uses LaTeX, and the software makes it easy to change the overall style of a document in a single operation. It comes with many predefined styles, but installing a new style can be somewhat complicated.

The developer of Scientific WorkPlace, MacKichan Software, Inc., announced on June 30, 2021 that it had ceased business and would no longer sell licenses to its software. Existing licenses would remain valid, but new installs would need to be verified by its licensing server, which it expected to maintain for at least two years. It also announced that Scientific WorkPlace could not be made open source as the software relied on the computer algebra system MuPAD, a closed-source product. Scientific Word 6.1 (the version without MuPAD) was made freely available for Windows and its source code will be posted to Github.

See also
LyX – An open-source cross-platform alternative with similar functionality
TeXmacs – An open-source cross-platform scientific word processor and typesetting system
wxMaxima – An open-source cross-platform CAS that can be used with LyX
 Comparison of TeX editors

References

External links

Text editors
TeX editors


Robert Gilchrist Jr. (August 21, 1825 – July 6, 1888) was the Attorney General of New Jersey from 1870 to 1875.

Biography

Gilchrist was born in Jersey City, New Jersey in 1825 to Robert Gilchrist and Frances (Fanny) Vacher. His father served as Clerk of Hudson County from 1840 to 1865 and as mayor of Jersey City from 1850 to 1852. He attended private schools, studied law, and was admitted to the New Jersey Bar in 1847. In 1859 he served in the New Jersey General Assembly.

At the first call for troops in the Civil War, Gilchrist enlisted as a Captain in the 2nd New Jersey Regiment, serving from 1861 to 1865. In 1866, he was the Democratic candidate for the House of Representatives in the Fifth District but was defeated by the Republican George A. Halsey.

In 1869, Gilchrist was nominated by Governor Theodore Fitz Randolph as Attorney General.  He was reappointed for a full five-year term in January 1870. In 1873, Governor Joel Parker appointed him to a commission assigned to revise the New Jersey State Constitution. Gilchrist retired from the position of Attorney General in 1875.

After serving as Attorney General, Gilchrist returned to private practice in Jersey City.  He married late in life to Fredericka Raymond Beardsley, who wrote The True Story of Hamlet and Ophelia (1889). Gilchrist died at his home in Jersey City in 1888.

References

1825 births
1888 deaths
Politicians from Jersey City, New Jersey
New Jersey Attorneys General
Democratic Party members of the New Jersey General Assembly
Union Army officers
19th-century American politicians
Military personnel from New Jersey


Jean-Philippe "Jean-Phi" Goncalves (born c. 1978) is a French composer, percussionist, and record producer based out of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

An active member of Montreal's electronic music scene, Goncalves provides percussion for the bands Afrodizz, Plaster, Le Golden and Beast.  As a producer he has worked with many French-speaking Quebecer musicians and in 2005 he collaborated with American recording artist Lauryn Hill.

The musician was particularly busy at the 2005 Festival de Musique Émergente (FME)—an annual new music festival held in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec.  During the festival he performed on 3 consecutive days for Afrodizz, Plaster and Dan Thouin respectively, causing one reporter to christen him "the star of the FME".

Plaster

Plaster was formed in 2001 by Goncalves and keyboardist Alex McMahon; a year later they were joined by bassist François Plante, also of Afrodizz.  The trio's sound has been described as a mixture of electro-jazz, funk, and drum and bass.

Their first album, First Aid Kit, was released in 2005 and won the ADISQ award for Best Electronic or Techo Album in 2006.

In late 2010, after taking a temporary hiatus from his work with the band Beast, he stated that he would be rejoining the band Plaster.

Afrodizz

Afrodizz is an eight-member afrobeat/afrofunk band from Montreal. Their music, a modern mix of afrobeat, jazz and funk, with a touch of trance, has been compared to that of The Herbaliser.    Formed in 2002 by Montreal jazz guitarist, Gabriel Aldama, Goncalves has been the band's drummer since its inception.

The band has released two albums: Kif Kif in 2004, and Froots in 2006.

Beast

Goncalves first began working with vocalist Betty Bonifassi in 2006 on a project for the video game company Ubisoft in 2006. Like Goncalves, Betty Bonifassi was originally from France and had been an active member of the Montreal music scene for many years.  The results of their recording sessions eventually evolved into Beast's aggressive trip rock sound.

The duo's experiments also led to another first for Goncalves, who wound up contributing some of his own vocals to Beast's debut album: "It was the first time I ever had a mic in front of my face", he said in an interview for CBC Radio 3.  His vocal tracks were recorded with the intention of replacing them later in production, but Bonifassi insisted that they remain on the album.

At the end of 2010, citing lagging album sales, the tiresome effects of touring, and familial commitments (Bonifassi's son was 9 years old at the time of the split), the bandmates said they would be working separately on their own local projects in the coming year. Goncalves stated in an interview that the split was not due to any sort of quarrel between himself and Bonifassi. He also stated that he would be returning to the Montreal-based electro-jazz band Plaster.

Le Golden
Originally formed in 2007 under the name Jedi Electro, Le Golden is yet another band of which Goncalves is a member.  Le Golden's other members include Alex McMahon (also of Plaster), Jean-François Lemieux, Martin Lizotte and Dan Thouin.

Other projects

Goncalves has worked as a producer for many French-speaking Quebecer musicians, including Pierre Lapointe, Jean-Pierre Ferland, Ariane Moffatt and Daniel Bélanger.

In 2005 he and fellow Plaster bandmates Alex McMahon and François Plante collaborated with Lauryn Hill.  In 2011 Goncalves and McMahon also composed an original electronic score for the Cirque Éloize production titled Cirque Éloize iD.  Later that same year Goncalves and his Plaster bandmates founded XS, a company specializing in composing music for use in film, advertising and multimedia projects.  One of the company's first projects included creating sound effects and theme music for the grameshow Le tricheur (the cheater) which premiered on the Canadian French language television network TVA in January 2011.

He has also composed music for a number of films, including Carface (Autos Portraits), One of the Guys (Ti-Gars) and Jouliks, and had a small acting role as Jean-Luc Godard in the 2013 film Hunting the Northern Godard (La Chasse au Godard d'Abbittibbi).

References

French expatriates in Canada
French Quebecers
French record producers
Musicians from Montreal
Canadian percussionists
Canadian electronic musicians
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Canadian film score composers


The insulin/IGF/relaxin family is a group of evolutionary related proteins which possess a variety of hormonal activities. Family members in human include two subfamilies:

1) insulin and insulin-like growth factors

2) relaxin family peptides:
 relaxins 1 and 2
 relaxin 3
 Leydig cell-specific insulin-like peptide (gene INSL3)
 early placenta insulin-like peptide (ELIP) (gene INSL4)
 insulin-like peptide 5 (gene INSL5)
 insulin-like peptide 6

Structure
These proteins are characterized by having three disulfide bonds in a characteristic motif.  Some family members have an additional disulfide bond also in a conserved location.  All of these proteins have a helical segment (corresponding to B chain in insulin) followed by a variable-length chain, followed by a domain (A chain in insulin) with two helices pinned against each other via a disulfide bond.  These two regions are linked by two or three disulfide bonds.

Amongst the different proteins in the family, very little of the sequence is conserved except for the disulfide bonds.  The variable-length chains may exhibit large inter-species variation even when the remainder of the sequence is highly conserved; and as is in the case of insulin, sometimes the variable length chain is cleaved out by secretory endoproteases, leaving a two-chain protein held together by disulfide bonds.

See also
 Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 1

References

Protein domains


The "Six Giants of the Wisden Century" are six cricketers who were judged by Sir Neville Cardus in 1963 to have been the most notable players of the previous 100 years. Cardus made his selection at the request of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack for its 100th annual edition published that year.

Selection
In alphabetical order, the six players selected were:

 Sydney Barnes
 Don Bradman
 W. G. Grace
 Jack Hobbs
 Tom Richardson
 Victor Trumper

Alternatives
Cardus was aware that any such selection would be controversial, for he wrote: "I can already hear in my imagination a thousand protesting voices (including my own)".  He then named over a dozen other players that he had considered for the honour:

 Ranjitsinhji
 Fred Spofforth
 Wilfred Rhodes
 Johnny Tyldesley
 Charlie Macartney
 Aubrey Faulkner
 Bill O'Reilly
 Keith Miller
 Frank Woolley
 Ray Lindwall
 Len Hutton
 B. J. T. Bosanquet
 Bart King

Given that Cardus was making the choice, the omission of Rhodes is the biggest surprise. In another place, Cardus has written that he would "bend any rule to ensure that Wilfred is in my team".

Cardus explained that he had looked for more than brilliant batting and artful bowling. He wanted players who, in addition to scoring runs and taking wickets, "have given to the technique and style of cricket a new twist, a new direction". In other words, he wanted not just great players but creative players (Cardus used the italics himself).

Rationale
His stated reasons for each of the six choices included the following comments:

W. G. Grace
None of these (other great players), not even Sir Jack (Hobbs), dominated for decades all other players, none of them lasted so long.
In a way he invented what we now call modern cricket. His national renown packed cricket grounds everywhere. He laid the foundations of county cricket economy. The sweep of his energy, his authority, and prowess, his personal presence, caused cricket to expand beyond a game. His bulk and stride carried cricket into the highways of our national life. He became a representative Victorian, a father figure.

Jack Hobbs
Sir Jack is the only cricketer of whom we might fairly say that he directly descended from W.G. armed, like Jove.
I never saw him make an uneducated stroke. When he misjudged the nature of a ball he could, naturally enough, make the wrong right stroke. He not only enlarged and subtilised the art of batsmanship; he, like W.G. widened and strengthened cricket's appeal and history.
...the vintage Hobbs, the Master of our time...

Tom Richardson
I choose Richardson as one of my Six, not on the supposition that he was the greatest fast bowler of the century, though certainly he was in the running.
I take him as the fully realised personification of the fast bowler as every schoolboy dreams and hopes he might one day be himself. Richardson was, in his heyday, a handsome, swarthy giant, lithe, muscular, broad of shoulder, and of apparently inexhaustible energy.
He was indeed the ideal fast bowler, aiming at the stumps, always on the attack. His leap before the right arm wheeled over was superb in poise. Never did he send down a defensive ball. He would have been too proud.
"He tried," A.C. MacLaren told me, "to get a wicket every ball. Honest Tom!" Let us remember him by those two words of MacLaren's tribute – Honest Tom.

Victor Trumper
It is futile to ask who was the greatest batsman? There are different orders of greatness. Talent, even genius, is conditioned by the material circumstances in which it is developed.
Victor Trumper was the embodiment of gallantry as he made his runs. He was a chivalrous batsman, nothing mean or discourteous in any of his movements or intentions at the wicket. "He had no style", wrote C. B. Fry of him, "but he was all style".
But not by counting Victor's runs, not by looking at any records, will you get the slightest idea of Trumper's glorious cricket. You might as well count the notes of the music of Mozart.

Sydney Barnes
Most cricketers and students of the game belonging to the period in which S.F. Barnes played were agreed that he was the bowler of the century. Australians as well as English voted him unanimously the greatest.
Clem Hill, the famous Australian left-handed batsman, told me that on a perfect wicket Barnes could swing the new ball in and out very late, could spin from the ground, pitch on the leg stump and miss the off.
Barnes had a splendid upright action, right arm straight over. He ran on easy strides, not a penn'orth of energy wasted. He fingered a cricket ball sensitively, like a violinist his fiddle. He always attacked.

Don Bradman
Sir Donald Bradman (hereinafter to be named Bradman or The Don), must be called the most masterful and prolific maker of runs the game has so far known. He was, in short, a great batsman. Critics have argued that he was mechanical. So is a majestically flying aeroplane.
The difference between Bradman and, say, Victor Trumper as batsmen, was in fact the difference between an aeroplane and a swallow in flight.
Discussing him entirely from the point of view of a writer on the game, I am happy to say that he was for me a constant spur to ideas. A newspaper column couldn't contain him. He was, as far as a cricketer can be, a genius.

See also
 Wisden Cricketers of the Year
 Wisden Cricketers of the Century
 Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World

References

External links
 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack 1963.

Cricket awards and rankings
Wisden


Mike Bamber (16 October 1930 – 11 July 1988) was a British businessman and football executive. He was chairman of Brighton & Hove Albion for a period of more than ten years during the 1970s and 1980s during which time he oversaw the football club's promotion to the First Division of English football for the first time.

Mike Bamber was a musician and then a property developer before becoming chairman of Brighton & Hove Albion.

Brighton & Hove Albion
Bamber joined the board of Brighton & Hove Albion in 1970  and became joint chairman during the Christmas of 1972.

Alongside vice-chairman Harry Bloom, Bamber negotiated the appointment of Brian Clough as manager in November 1973.  Clough would later describe Bamber as "a wealthy, night-club-owning, gem of a man, who turned out to be the nicest and best chairman I ever worked for," and "If he was alive today and I was tempted to come out of retirement, Mike's would be the offer I would take" and of his decision to leave Brighton for Leeds United after less than one year with the club he said, "I know it broke Mike Bamber's heart."  Bamber is portrayed briefly in the 2009 movie The Damned United meeting Clough and Peter Taylor in the lounge of a Brighton seafront hotel to negotiate terms.

Bamber later appointed Alan Mullery, who led the football club to the First Division in the 1978/79 season. He also appointed Jimmy Melia as Manager who led the club to their one and only FA Cup Final in 1983. The club lost that final and were relegated to the Second Division in the same season. Bamber left the board a year later, in the summer of 1984, when he was replaced as chairman by Bryan Bedson.

Death
Bamber died at his home in Jersey on 11 July 1988, at the age of 57.

Commenting on Bamber's death in August 1988, Brighton's then chairman Dudley Sizen said, "Mike was the most successful chairman we've ever had and the club enjoyed its finest hours under his leadership."

References

1931 births
1988 deaths
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. directors and chairmen


BT Research is the research arm of BT Group, formerly part of the British Post Office. The company was first established in 1921 as the Post Office Research Station at Dollis Hill, London. In 1968 BT moved of its research to the new site at Martlesham Heath based on part of the old Royal Air Force Station at Martlesham Heath near Ipswich in the English county of Suffolk, which was later renamed[ Adastral Park].

Location

BT's main research facility is located in the United Kingdom at Adastral Park, near Ipswich in the county of Suffolk. The Adastral Park site was first planned around 1968 as the Martlesham Heath Post Office Laboratories and after completion in 1971 has grown since then to a facility today which has around 4,000 research and development people from both BT and some of its partner companies. Globally, BT has additional research labs in Beijing, Boston MA and Abu Dhabi. The focus of research at BT is Information and Communications Technology (ICT).

The Royal Air Force were the original residents of the site in Suffolk at RAF Martlesham Heath. Experimental aircraft test flights flew from the airfield and the name (Adastral Park) is intended to reflect the history of experimentation and innovation, which is the continuing focus for the Park. The initial models and plans created by the MPBW [successor to the MOW] would appear to indicate the influence of the Thunderbirds TV series of the 1960s.

Activities

Current research themes
Major theme areas are;
 IT Services, software and systems
 Internet of Things (IoT)
 Big Data
 Future of the Internet and network transformation
 Mobility and convergence
 Future of the Web and semantic intelligence
 Information and security systems
 Customer service and systems
 The digital home and sociable communications

Academic research partners
BT works closely with both academics and students in over 20 institutions globally and has strong partnerships with the University of Cambridge in the UK, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the USA and Tsinghua University in China. BT also leads the India-UK Advanced Technology Centre, a consortium of 22 Indian and UK industry and academic partners conducting research into current and next generation fixed and wireless communications.

History

Research in the company was first established in 1921 at the Post Office Research Station at Dollis Hill, London. In 1968 BT began the move of its research to the new site at Martlesham Heath in Suffolk. By late 1969 small teams of researchers were working at Martlesham. The first new research building was formally opened on 21 November 1975 by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. The architect was Mr Stanislaw Spielrein ARIBA of the Ministry of Public Buildings and Works [MPBW]. The new building housed 1,700 people.

Patents
By the turn of the twentieth century, the site had produced over 10,000 patents.

Innovations from BT Research

2006 [October] – BT implemented the world's first fully automated 'spam buster' system to track down and tackle professional spammers and 'botnet' infected customers on the BT broadband network.

2002 [June] – Research and development teams designed and deployed a suite of new business systems allowing the launch of the UK's first commercial broadband internet access service.

1999 [July] – BT announced that it had pushed commercial optical fibre transmission to 80Gbit/s. BT labs demonstrated the world's fastest regenerator – a photonic digital network component.

1995 [June] – BT research designed and developed a video on demand service, which was trialled in the local area [Ipswich – Colchester], with 2,500 customers. It used asymmetric data on a subscriber's line (asymmetric digital subscriber line) over copper cables, with a decoder supplied by Apple. – article on trial

1987 [August] – the world's first instantaneous translation of speech by computer was unveiled by BT's research laboratories.

1982 [April] – Europe's first satellite transmission service was launched with Adastral Park's satellite dishes beaming television signals to the Orbital Test Satellite, run by Eutelsat, allowing Finnish and Norwegian viewers to receive the (English language) signals.

1979 [September] – GPO launched Prestel, the world's first viewdata network.

References

External links
 BT Technology Journal
 BT Group
 Adastral Park

BT Group
Computer science in the United Kingdom
Computer science organizations
Electronics companies of the United Kingdom
Information technology research institutes
Internet pioneers
Organisations based in Suffolk
Research and development in the United Kingdom
Research and development organizations
Research institutes established in 1921
Suffolk Coastal
1921 establishments in the United Kingdom


The Magic World is a collection of twelve short stories by E. Nesbit. It was first published in book form in 1912 by Macmillan and Co. Ltd., with illustrations by H. R. Millar and Gerald Spencer Pryse. The stories, previously printed in magazines such as Blackie's Children's Annual, are typical of Nesbit's arch, ironic, clever fantasies for children.

The twelve stories:

 "The Cat-hood of Maurice" — a boy abuses the family cat, and learns to see things from the feline point of view.
 "The Mixed Mine" — two boys find a magic spyglass, and use it to make their fortunes.
 "Accidental Magic" — Quentin falls asleep on the altarstone at Stonehenge, and wakes in Atlantis.
 "The Princess and the Hedge-pig" — King Ozymandias and Queen Eliza plan a secret christening for their Princess Ozyliza, to avoid a wicked fairy's curse. Things go awry.
 "Septimus Septimusson" — he is the seventh son of a seventh son, who can see fairies and hear the beasts speak; and he must seek his fortune.
 "The White Cat" — a boy finds a china ornament in the attic; it proves to be a magic talisman.
 "Belinda and Bellamant" — they are a princess and prince suffering curses; a talking bat helps resolve their problems.
 "Justnowland" — Elsie visits a magic land of giant crows, and a dragon.
 "The Related Muff" — a sensitive boy, dismissed as a "muff" by his cousins, proves himself a hero in a crisis.
 "The Aunt and Amabel" — a girl enters a magic world through a wardrobe.
 "Kenneth and the Carp" — unjustly accused, a boy transforms into a fish and redeems his honor.
 "The Magician's Heart" — an evil magician distributes curses at royal christenings. Complications ensue.

"The Aunt and Amabel" has received attention as a precursor of C. S. Lewis's first Narnia novel, The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe (1950). "Accidental Magic" has been seen as exerting an influence on J. R. R. Tolkien. Conversely, Nesbit's "Justnowland" displays the influence of Lewis Carroll's 1865 novel Alice in Wonderland.

Elisabeth Beresford's 1964 book Awkward Magic was published in the United States under the title The Magic World. Beresford has been identified as an imitator of Nesbit.

Nesbit's little girls tend to get in trouble over their efforts at gardening. Elsie in "Justnowland" uproots turnip plants she mistakes for weeds; Amabel cuts chrysanthemum blossoms from a greenhouse and tries to plant them in a flower bed. Stories in the collection feature talking animals and human/animal transformation, with implications regarding animal welfare and avoidance of mistreatment. The opening story is the most explicit in its message against cruelty to animals.

Selected quotes
 Dr Strongitharm's was a school for "backward and difficult boys." Need I say more? — "The Cat-hood of Maurice"
 There is no moral to this story, except...But no – there is no moral. — "The Mixed Mine"
 But it's no good. King's sons aren't what they used to be. A silly lot they are nowadays, all taken up with football and cricket and golf. — "Septimus Septimusson"
 And Sep and his dear Princess are as happy as they deserve to be. Some people say we are all as happy as we deserve to be – but I am not sure. — "Septimus Septimusson"
 There is nothing more luxurious than eating while you read – unless it be reading while you eat. Amabel did both: they are not the same thing, as you will see if you think the matter over. — "The Aunt and Amabel"
 We are The People who Understand. And now you are one of Us. — "The Aunt and Amabel"
 And the house was surrounded by a real deep moat, with clear water in it, and long weeds and water-lilies and fish – the gold and the silver and the everyday kinds. — "Kenneth and the Carp"
 And so the story ends with love and a wedding, and showers of white roses. — "The Magician's Heart"

References

External links

 https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/27903 Free downloadable ebook

1912 short story collections
1912 children's books
Children's short story collections
Fantasy short story collections
British children's books
Works by E. Nesbit
Books illustrated by H. R. Millar
Short stories about cats


The London, Tilbury and Southend Railway (LTSR) 79 Class is a class of 4-4-2T suburban tank engines.  They were designed by Thomas Whitelegg, as a development of the earlier 37 Class. They could reach a top speed of 65 mph (105 km/h).

The four locomotives ordered by the LTSR were numbered 79–82 and were named after places in Essex, near the LTSR route. After absorption by the Midland Railway in 1912, they were renumbered 2176–2179 and their names were removed.  The Midland gave them the power classification 3P, and later continued construction; an order for 10 locomotives was delivered in 1923, just after grouping.

List of LTSR locomotives

Additional orders
In addition to those constructed by the LTSR and MR, 35 were delivered to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) – ten in 1923, five in 1925, ten in 1927, and a final 10 in 1930. The ten delivered in 1923 were to an outstanding order placed by the MR, the remainder were ordered by the LMS. The five delivered in 1925 were built by Nasmyth, Wilson and Company, with the other thirty built by the LMS's Derby Works.  In 1947 the LMS assigned them the numbers 1928–1975, to clear their previous numbers for new LMS Fairburn 2-6-4T locomotives, but none of these was applied before nationalisation in 1948, leaving British Railways to apply the numbers 41928–41975.

They were later displaced from the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway and found work on ex-Midland lines in the East Midlands.

Preservation
One, 80 Thundersley has been preserved and is on static display at the Bressingham Steam Museum in Norfolk.

References

 Essery, Bob (2001). The London, Tilbury and Southend Railway and its Locomotives, OPC.
 Essery, Bob and Jenkinson, David. An Illustrated History of LMS locomotives. Volume 4. Absorbed Pre-Group Classes Midland Division

79
4-4-2T locomotives
Robert Stephenson and Company locomotives
Nasmyth, Wilson and Company locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1909
Passenger locomotives
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain


Kristina Lennox-Silva (born April 24, 1985 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is a female freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Puerto Rico, who was born in the United States. During her college career she swam for Villanova University and was a multiple time Big East finalist as well earning her All-Big East status. She represented Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China and 2009 World Aquatics Championships in Rome, Italy. She is the sister of Douglas Lennox-Silva, who also competed as a swimmer at the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2009 World Championships.

Kristina graduated from Villanova University majoring in communications and Spanish.

References
 Profile
 Villanova Profile

1985 births
Living people
Female butterfly swimmers
Puerto Rican female freestyle swimmers
Puerto Rican female swimmers
Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers for Puerto Rico
Sportspeople from Fort Lauderdale, Florida


Douglas Lennox-Silva (born April 10, 1987 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is a male butterfly swimmer from Puerto Rico, who was born in the United States. He represented Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, PR China. He is the younger brother of Kristina Lennox-Silva, who also competed as a swimmer at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Doug attended Princeton University majoring in anthropology with certificates in American Studies and Latin American Studies.

References

1987 births
Living people
Male butterfly swimmers
Puerto Rican male swimmers
Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers for Puerto Rico
Sportspeople from Fort Lauderdale, Florida


Seven Day Weekend is a collection of demos by rock band the New York Dolls. The tracks were recorded at Planet Studios in 1973 but the collection was not released until 1992. In addition to early versions of tracks released on New York Dolls and Too Much Too Soon, there are five tracks that were not released on the studio albums: "Seven Day Weekend", "Back in the USA", "Endless Party", "Great Big Kiss", and "Hoochie Coochie Man". Guitarist Johnny Thunders performed a version of "Great Big Kiss" on his 1978 album So Alone.

Track listing

Personnel
New York Dolls
David Johansen – vocals
Johnny Thunders – lead guitar, vocals
Sylvain Sylvain – rhythm guitar, vocals
Arthur "Killer" Kane – bass guitar
Jerry Nolan – drums

References

New York Dolls albums
1992 albums


Astragalus brauntonii is a rare species of milkvetch known by the common name Braunton's milkvetch. It is endemic to California, where it is known from fewer than 20 extant occurrences in the hills and mountains surrounding the Los Angeles Basin in Southern California. This is a federally listed endangered species in the United States.

Distribution
Astragalus brauntonii is a plant of the coastal prairie grasslands, coastal sage scrub, and chaparral plant communities of the region. It is often found growing in disturbed areas, especially in carbonate soils areas. The 16 known remaining populations are found in the southwestern Transverse Ranges (eastern Santa Monica Mountains, east end Simi Hills, south base San Gabriel Mountains), northern Peninsular Ranges (northwest side Santa Ana Mountains) — within Los Angeles, Orange, and Ventura Counties. They appear to be extirpated from the southern Channel Islands.

Description
Braunton's milkvetch is a large perennial herb which grows from a woody caudex and reaches up to  tall. The thick hollow stems are coated in coarse white hairs. Leaves are up to  long and are made up of many pairs of oval-shaped leaflike leaflets.

The inflorescence is a dense spike of up to 60 bright lilac flowers. Each pealike flower is about a centimeter long with a reflexed hood. The flowers wither and turn brown but remain on the plant instead of dropping off. The plant is pollinated by native Megachile bees and native bumble bees (i.e. Bombus sp.).

The fruit is a small bent legume pod.

Fire ecology
This plant, like many chaparral species, is fire-adapted and requires wildfire or other disturbance to propagate. The beanlike seeds require scarification to break down their tough seed coats before they can germinate. The seeds persist for years in the soil until fire allows them to sprout, with populations of the plant springing up in an area that has been recently swept by wildfire.

It is a pioneer species, one of the first to grow in a disturbed area and one that is soon crowded out by plant species that appear later in ecological succession. Wildfire suppression in the hills and mountains surrounding Los Angeles prevent the plant from reproducing.

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment: Astragalus brauntonii
USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information System—FEIS: Plant + habitat ecology
The Nature Conservancy
Astragalus brauntonii — U.C. Photo gallery

brauntonii
Endemic flora of California
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
Natural history of the Santa Monica Mountains
Natural history of the Transverse Ranges
~
NatureServe imperiled species


Archibald Heron (29 August 1896 – 10 May 1971) was an Irish Labour Party politician and trade unionist.

He was born in Portadown, County Armagh, to a presbyterian family, one of seven children of Samuel Heron, a physician and surgeon, and his wife Bessie (née Beck). He was educated locally before moving to Belfast in 1912. He joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and moved to Dublin in 1912 where he became involved in the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union.

He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin North-West constituency at the 1937 general election. He lost his seat at the 1938 general election. He was unsuccessful in both the 1927 general elections in Sligo–Leitrim.

He was a longtime member of Dublin's United Arts Club. He married Ina Connolly, daughter of the socialist republican revolutionary James Connolly. He served as a bodyguard for Michael Collins during the Irish War of Independence.

References

People from Portadown
1896 births
1971 deaths
Labour Party (Ireland) TDs
Members of the 9th Dáil
Trade unionists from County Armagh
Politicians from County Armagh


System 3, System/3 or System III could refer to:

Computing and electronics
Acorn System 3, a home computer produced by Acorn Computers from 1980
Cromemco System Three, a home computer produced by Cromemco from 1978
IBM System/3, a low-end business computer manufactured between 1969 and 1985
IBM System/3X, a line of general business midrange computers manufactured from 1975
Operating System/3, operating system made by UNIVAC
System Software 3, operating system made by Apple
System 3 (software company), a software development firm
UNIX System III, operating system released by AT&T
Zenith System 3, a line of television models by Zenith Electronics

Other
 System 3 in Trilogy, album by Criss Angel and Klay Scott
 System 3 FC, a football club in St Vincent and the Grenadines
 STS-3 (Space Transportation System-3), the Space Shuttle mission

See also
 Series 3 (disambiguation)


"Coming Home" is a single by Australian artist by Alex Lloyd in August 2003 by EMI Records. It Won the 2003 ARIA Music Award for Best Male Artist.

The single peaked at No. 24 on the Australian ARIA Charts, and was ranked No. 39 on Triple J Hottest 100 for 2003.

Coming Home is the theme song for the Run Home program on SEN 1116, and the opening theme for Bondi Vet on Network Ten.

Official track listing
Australian CD single (552867-2)
 "Coming Home" (Single Version) - 3:11
 "Golden Slumbers" - 1:45
 "Bird on a Wire" - 3:33
 "America" (Acoustic Version) - 3:31

Peak positions

Richmond

"Coming Home (To Richmond)" is re-working of Coming Home released on 21 February 2014. The song was used by the Australian Football League team Richmond as their official membership campaign.
A music video was also released which takes viewers though the game-day experience of Tiger fans – a grandfather and granddaughter, a group of friends, a dad and his young son, a family at home, as well as player, Brandon Ellis.

Proceeds from the song's sales went towards Richmond's charity partner The Alannah and Madeline Foundation, which assists and protects children against violence and bullying.

Charts
"Coming Home (To Richmond)" debuted and peaked at number 62 on the ARIA Charts. It was Lloyd's first appearance on the ARIA top 100 for eight years.

Release history

References

2003 songs
ARIA Award-winning songs
Alex Lloyd songs


CKY is an American rock band from West Chester, Pennsylvania. Formed in 1998 by Deron Miller, Chad I Ginsburg and Jess Margera, the group released its first two albums Volume 1 and Volume 2 (a compilation of songs and skits from the first CKY video) on Teil Martin/Distant Recordings in 1999, supported by lead single "96 Quite Bitter Beings". After signing with Island/Def Jam, the band followed their debuts up in 2002 with Infiltrate•Destroy•Rebuild, which was their first release to chart when it reached number 99 on the US Billboard 200 and number 108 on the UK Albums Chart. Lead single "Familiar Realm" reached the US Mainstream Rock top 40. In 2005, CKY issued An Answer Can Be Found and reached number 35 of the Billboard 200, with "Familiar Realm" peaking at number 32 on the Mainstream Rock chart.

With Matt Deis added as its first full-time bassist, CKY signed with Roadrunner Records in 2006 and released Carver City in 2009. The album reached number 46 on the US Billboard 200, number 4 on the Top Hard Rock Albums chart, and number 14 on the Top Rock Albums chart. In March 2011, the group released its first career-retrospective album B-Sides & Rarities, followed by B-Sides & Rarities Volume II later in the year. After continued tensions between band members, frontman Deron Miller left CKY in 2011; he was replaced by Daniel Davies for a number of shows in 2012 and later in 2015, before the group went on an extended hiatus.

CKY returned in 2016 with Ginsburg taking over lead vocals, signing with Entertainment One Music and releasing The Phoenix in 2017. The album was the band's first since its debut not to chart on the Billboard 200, although it did reach the top 20 of the Independent Albums chart. The limited edition EP Too Precious to Kill was released in 2018 to support Record Store Day, featuring four new tracks. In 2020, the group released a livestreamed show dubbed fuCKYou 2020 on vinyl.

Albums

Studio albums

Live albums

Compilations

Extended plays

Singles

Videos

Video albums

Music videos

References

External links
CKY discography at AllMusic

Discography
CKY
CKY
CKY


The Montigny mitrailleuse was an early type of crank-operated machine-gun developed by the Belgian gun works of Joseph Montigny between 1859 and 1870. It was an improved version of the "Mitrailleuse", () invented by Belgian Captain Fafschamps in 1851 which was a fixed 50-barrelled volley gun.

The Montigny mitrailleuse was designed to defend narrow defensive positions such as the moats of fortresses. The Belgian army initially purchased Fafschamps volley guns. Only later did they acquire Montigny mitrailleuses.

Joseph Montigny also promoted and sold the weapon for offensive field use by placing the weapon on an artillery carriage.

Specifications

The weapon consisted of 37 barrels of 11 mm inside a cylindrical protective casing. Loading was performed with a loading plate containing 37 cartridges. It was inserted against the breech in one stroke and locked in with a hinged loading lever attached to the rear of the gun. The ammunition had a brass head and thin rolled brass foil body and was fired by needle pins. With the rotation of a crank, all shots were fired simultaneously, although later improvements used a cam which permitted the progressive firing of the 37 shots. Around 150–250 shots per minute could be fired depending on the skills of the operators. The whole weapon was very heavy, weighing .

The Montigny Mitrailleuse was built in numbers and used mostly to defend Belgian forts and other defensive positions.

Development of the Reffye mitrailleuse

Napoleon III showed personal interest in the mitrailleuse. Montigny had approached the French army for the purpose of a sale. Experiments to evaluate the weapon began in 1863 in a French facility near Paris but the decision was made to build a similar weapon by sole French means.   Manufacture began at Meudon in 1866 under the direction of Verchères de Reffye and the undisclosed assistance of Montigny. Hence the weapon is usually known as the "Reffye mitrailleuse". Altogether 215 mitrailleuses were manufactured for the French Army before the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71. They were of the 13mm, 25-barrels type, and used elongated shotgun shell style cartridges instead of foil cartridges as in the Montigny mitrailleuse. The weapon, which was on an artillery carriage, was deployed in six gun batteries and manned by artillery personnel. Most of the time, they were used quite ineffectively to engage distant targets. When the weapon was engaged at the Battle of Gravelotte in 1870, in an infantry support role and at shorter distances, it produced devastating effects.

See also
Gatling gun
Mitrailleuse

External links
 Victorian Ship Models: Montigny mitrailleuse with animationfilm

Notes

Machine guns of Belgium
Early machine guns
Multi-barrel machine guns


Andreas Lauritz Thune (9 April 1848 – 20 April 1920) was a Norwegian engineer and businessman. He was associated with the company Thunes Mekaniske Værksted.

Biography
He was born at Drammen in Buskerud, Norway. His grandfather, Anders Paulsen Thune was a blacksmith by profession who had founded a workshop in that city in 1815. The workshop developed to the manufacturing company Thunes Mekaniske Værksted, or Thune for short. It moved to Kristiania (now Oslo) in 1851, with Andreas' father, Halvor Thune (1818–70), in charge.<ref name=snl2

Andreas Lauritz Thune graduated from Horten Technical College in 1868. He took over Thune in 1871, at the age of twenty-three, following the death of his father. At that time the production facilities were located in the downtown street Ruseløkkveien, but Andreas Thune moved to the nearby street Munkedamsveien. He started production of agricultural machinery and steam engines, and locomotive production began in the 1890s. Around the turn of the 20th century Thune became the most important locomotive manufacturer in Norway, along with Hamar Jernstøberi og Mekaniske Verksted. Between 1901 and 1920 these two manufacturers delivered about 250 locomotives to the Norwegian State Railways.

To allow this kind of production, the production facilities had moved to rural Skøyen, as the locale in Munkedamsveien became too small for large-scale industrial production, and expansion was physically difficult. Andreas Thune had bought the property Kjellebekk, near Skøyen Railway Station, and was personally registered as owner in the 1899 property valuation. Originally using the estate as a country house, he commenced the building of production halls in 1901 and moved in with the company. The next year his son, Sverre Thune (1877-1946), had completed technical studies in Germany and  took over management.

In 1889 Andreas Thune had been among the founders of the employers' organization De Mekaniske Værksteders Forening. With the Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers, a trade union which is now a part of the United Federation of Trade Unions, MVF negotiated Norway's first collective bargaining agreement in 1907. The name was changed to Mekaniske Værksteders Landsforening in 1908, and to Teknologibedriftenes Landsforening (Federation of Norwegian Manufacturing Industries) in 1989.

Following a 2006 merger, it is now a part of the Federation of Norwegian Industries (Norsk Industri).

Honors
Andreas Thune was appointed to  Knight of St. Olav's Order in 1889 and Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 1897. He was also commander of the Order of the Dannebrog and the Order of Vasa and holder of the King's Medal of Merit in gold.

References

Related reading
 Bjørnland, Dag  (1977) Innenlands samferdsel i Norge siden 1800 (Oslo: Grøndahl)
Storrusten, Erling  (1994) Langsomt ble reisene for alle : reiser og samferdsel i Norge 1869-1994	(Oslo: Norsk Reiseinformasjon AS)

1848 births
1920 deaths
Businesspeople from Drammen
Norwegian engineers
Norwegian businesspeople
Recipients of the St. Olav's Medal
Recipients of the Order of Vasa
Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog
Recipients of the King's Medal of Merit in gold


The 1990–91 Asian Cup Winners' Cup was the first edition of Asian Cup Winners' Cup, the continental football competition for cup winners of member nations of the AFC. Persepolis of Iran were duly crowned champions after defeating Muharraq of Bahrain 1–0 over two legs in the final.

Seventeen clubs entered the competition, but a number of clubs withdrew before games took place.

First round

|}
1 Al Qadisiya withdrew.
2 Renown SC withdrew.

Second round

|}
1 Daewoo Royals withdrew.
2 Both Krama Yudha Tiga Berlian and Dalian withdrew; the tie was scratched.

Third round

|}

Final

|}

First game

Second game

References

Asian Cup Winners Cup 1991

Asian Cup Winners' Cup
2
2
Persepolis F.C. matches


"Bomb the World" is a protest song single by Michael Franti & Spearhead from their album "Everyone Deserves Music". The Independent has called it "Franti's s response to September 11".

A remix called "Bomb The World" (Armageddon Mix) was produced by reggae/funk performers Sly and Robbie.

Reception

In 2003, the New Internationalist described the song as "the anthem of a new generation of anti-war protesters", praising its "stirring chorus" and its "coda ready-made for marching". In 2015, however, the Chicago Tribune called it "a lighthearted, mid-tempo pop song that recalls Bob Marley and Johnny Nash."

Track listings
US CD
 "Bomb The World" (LP version) – 4:28
 "Bomb The World" (Armageddon version) – 4:44

Official versions
 "Bomb The World" (LP version) – 4:28
 "Bomb The World" (Armageddon version) – 4:44

References

2003 singles
American reggae songs
Michael Franti songs
2003 songs
Songs written by Michael Franti


This article lists individual current and past Road protests in the United Kingdom and in Ireland.

Current protests

Lower Thames Crossing

Thames Crossing Action Group are campaigning against the proposed £8.2bn+ Lower Thames Crossing between Kent and Essex/Havering via Thurrock.

A27 Arundel Bypass
Stop the Arundel Bypass Alliance are campaigning against the proposed A27 Arundel Bypass in West Sussex.

A303 Stonehenge

Stonehenge Alliance are campaigning against the proposed A303 Stonehenge project.

A38 Derby Expansion
Stop the A38 Expansion group are campaigning against the proposed A38 road expansion in Derby.

A5036 Port of Liverpool Access
Save Rimrose Valley are campaigning against the proposed A5036 Port of Liverpool Access road scheme.

Bristol Metrobus M32 bus only bridge and junction
On 1 February 2015 the protest group 'RisingUp!' occupied land at Stapleton Allotments and Smallholdings, the planned site for a new motorway bus junction as part of the Bristol Metrobus North Fringe to Hengrove Project (NFHP). Building the junction and associated roads will result in a loss of Green Belt land, loss of long-held allotments (albeit with new laid plots being provided), and loss of smallholdings on some of the best soils in the country. The protesters claim that the junction is unnecessary and that buses could be routed via a suitably modified Junction 1 of the M32 at much less cost and with no loss of valuable growing land.

Central Access Scheme, Kilkenny, Ireland
Kilkenny Central Access Scheme (CAS), previously Kilkenny Inner Relief Road Scheme, is sections of new road, improvement of existing roads and junctions, and a new River Nore bridge crossing, with provisions for footpaths and cycle lanes throughout. CAS comprises 4.5 kilometers of single carriageway road that is 7.3 metres wide.

The proposed route dissects the medieval core of the old Irishtown of Kilkenny, one of the most historic quarters of the city.

The campaign group called "Complete Kilkenny Ring Road as a priority over the CAS" or CKRR is holding demonstrations to gain further support for a call to rethink the CAS and demand to complete the outer ring road around Kilkenny. Several of Kilkenny’s leading figures in the areas of tourism, heritage and archaeology – as well as local residents – have come out strongly against the imminent demolition of a number of historic buildings and the altering of one of the city’s oldest streetscapes.

The final phases of the scheme were opened in 2017.

A14 Ellington to Fen Ditton

The Highways Agency wishes to increase capacity on the busy section of the A14 between Ellington and Fen Ditton. to reduce congestion and improve safety

The Offords A14 Action Group formed to oppose the proposed route (the Orange route) for the scheme, favouring the Brown route which would have taken the new road further away from their villages.  Cambridgeshire County Council have backed the scheme, and there is reported to be widespread support within the local communities for the plans.

A514 Swarkestone Causeway protest
During 2009 a protest group campaigning for a new causeway at Swarkestone, Derbyshire was established.

A57/A628 Mottram in Longdendale, Hollingworth and Tintwistle Bypass

The Highways Agency (HA) have planned to provide a section of bypass (also known as the Longdendale Bypass) to tackle congestions problems in Mottram, Hollingworth, and Tintwistle. and residents of these villages have campaigned for a bypass since the 1970s. Four groups: the Save Swallows Wood campaign, the Friends of the Peak District, the Council for the National Parks, and South Yorkshire group WAIT oppose the scheme, which will pass through the Peak District National Park, and the Swallows Wood nature reserve. In December 2007 the inquiry was adjourned for the fourth time at the request of the Highways Agency who requested time to adjust their correct their traffic modelling, the inspector commented that it was the fifth iteration of the traffic model since the original announcement in February 2006.

Boston Bypass

In May 2007 a single-issue political party, the Independent Bypass Group, campaigning for a bypass to be built around Boston, Lincolnshire, took control of Boston Borough Council.

Norwich Northern Distributor Road

A proposed road scheme to the north of Norwich linking the A1067 road and Norwich International Airport to the A47
has attracted opposition from both local and national groups.

Priory Park, Southend

Southend Borough Council wishes to build road to upgrade A1159/Priory Crescent in Southend in a dual carriageway.

The Camp Bling protest camp was established in 2005
and was still active in October 2008 and intending to stay in place until the road is scrapped.
At a meeting with the council in April 2009 the authority told the protesters that the road widening scheme had been abandoned and the protesters agreed to leave.

Whaplode and Moulton bypass
In May 2007, the Spalding Guardian reported again that campaigners were calling for a bypass around the Lincolnshire villages of Whaplode and Moulton to be made a top priority.  This call followed another fatal collision on the A151 road in Moulton.  Measures which have already been taken on the road, including lower speed limits and speed cameras, haven't stopped the increasing death toll.  The current campaign to have a bypass built started in 2002.  In June 2004 the campaign group WRATH''' (Whaplode Residents Against Traffic Horror) was launched to lobby for the bypass.  In January 2005 WRATH submitted a proposed route for the bypass to Lincolnshire County Council.  In July 2007, WRATH organised a three-mile (5 km) protest march through the villages to publicise their campaign.  A Lincolnshire county councillor was reported to have said that there were twenty one other villages in Lincolnshire saying they had a need for a bypass.

Others

Other active protests include the ones against the following schemes: The South Bristol Link Road, Weymouth Relief Road, Bilston Glen, M6 widening, Bexhill to Hastings Link Road, Heysham to M6 Link, Kingskerswell Bypass, M1 Widening, Aberdeen Bypass, and the Westbury Bypass. In Ireland there is a protest opposed to bypassing the town of Slane with a new N2 dual carriageway which will pass a few kilometres from the Newgrange ancient monument.

Past protests

1950–1979

1979–1997

General coverage of this time period can be found in Roads, Runways and Resistance'' (2021) by Steve Melia.

1997–the present day

A66 Temple Sowerby bypass
The  bypass around Temple Sowerby opened October 2007. The bypass aims to reduce traffic in the village by 95%. Locals had been calling for a bypass since the 1960s. In 1974 the government announced plans to build one, but these were abandoned in 1983. This was followed by years of increasingly vocal protests.

M74 Extension

Transport Scotland planned for some time to extend the M74 by five miles to link it to the M8. The M74 Extension, also known as 'M74 Completion' and 'M74 Northern Extension', extended the M74 northwards by  through the south-eastern suburbs of Dalmarnock, Polmadie, Rutherglen, Govanhill and the Gorbals to meet the M8 near the Kingston Bridge in Glasgow on an elevated embankment. The Scottish Executive reported that the scheme will lead to a wealthier and fairer, healthier, safer and stronger, and greener future. However, JAM74, a coalition of community, environmental and sustainable transport groups, believed the scheme will be detrimental.

In May 2003, the Green and Socialist MSPs joined local campaigners to stop the project. A public inquiry for the scheme ran from December 2003 until March 2004 and the report, not published until March 2005 recommended against the building of the road, saying that it would "be very likely to have very serious undesirable results". The transport secretary at the time, Nicol Stephen, simultaneously announced that insufficient weight had been given to the economic benefits that the scheme would bring and that they would proceed with the scheme. Friends of the Earth Scotland said that it was "probably the worst environmental decision ever taken by the Scottish Executive" and that they would challenge the decision in court but then withdrew it in June 2006 on legal advice. In September 2004, the EU ruled that land on which the road was to be built should be classified as hazardous due to chromium dumps buried underground.

Construction work started in 2008, and the road opened on 28 June 2011. The extension involved the demolition of the Rosebery Park football ground.

Thames Gateway Bridge

See also
 Road protest in the United Kingdom

References

Anti-road protest
Environmental protests in the United Kingdom
Environmental protests in the Republic of Ireland
Roads in the United Kingdom
Road transport in the United Kingdom
Road protests
Road protests in the UK and Ireland
Road protests
Road protests


Alasdair Fotheringham is a British foreign affairs and sports journalist, specializing in cycle racing.

Based in Spain, Fotheringham works as a freelance journalist and has been the Independent'''s cycling correspondent since 2001.
He has also written articles for The Independent On Sunday, The Guardian, The Daily Express, The Sunday Express, Cycling Weekly'' and Reuters.

Having covered the Tour de France 17 times, Fotheringham covered the Olympic Games for the first time in 2008. He is the brother of fellow cycling journalist William Fotheringham.

Books

References

Cycling journalists
Cycling writers
British male journalists
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)


Astragalus breweri is a species of milkvetch known by the common name Brewer's milkvetch. It is endemic to northern California, where it is found in several counties surrounding the north edge of the San Francisco Bay Area. It grows in open habitat in the North Coast Ranges, sometimes on serpentine soils.

Description
This is a small annual herb producing stems usually only a few centimeters long. The small leaves are made up of widely spaced leaflets with notched tips. The inflorescence arises on a rough-haired peduncle and holds up to ten pealike flowers. Each flower is about a centimeter long and colored white, yellow, or pale lavender, sometimes with light purple streaks. The fruit is an oval-shaped legume pod up to a centimeter long armed with a sharp beak. It contains 2 to 6 beanlike seeds. The bloom period is between April and June.

Distribution and habitat

It is commonly found in or near volcanic slopes and serpentine outcrops. Plentiful locally in the interior valleys and foothills of the Coast Ranges in southeastern Mendocino, Lake, Napa, and Sonoma Counties, southwest to the Pacific slope of Mt. Tamalpais, and Marin County, California. It is found in grassy flats, meadows moist in spring, and open slopes in the chaparral belt below 2000 feet.

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
The Nature Conservancy
USDA Plants Profile
Photo gallery

breweri
Endemic flora of California


Smiths Lake is a small village in the Mid North Coast region of Pacific Palms, located within the Mid-Coast Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Smiths Lake is approximately  north of Sydney. Smiths Lake gives its name to the village, situated nearby. At the 2016 census, Smiths Lake had a population of  people.

The lake

Tourism
Smiths Lake is a popular tourist destination, mostly due to its position next to several waterways. Popular tourist activities include boating and fishing on the local lakes (Smiths Lake, Myall Lakes and Wallis Lake) or swimming and sunbathing at the local beaches (Cellito beach, Blueys beach, Boomerang beach, Elizabeth beach, and Seal Rocks beach – also the unofficially naturist Shelley Beach). Other activities include nature walks in the surrounding national parks or visiting a regional attraction, such as Seal Rocks lighthouse or The Grandis, the tallest tree known in New South Wales at  tall.

Commercial fishing
Smiths Lake supported a small but viable commercial fishing industry up until April 2007, when the lake was incorporated into the Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Park. Because of this, the western third of Smiths Lake is classed as a Sanctuary Zone and the northeastern area, known as Symes Bay, is classed as Habitat Protection Zone, which means commercial fishing in more than two thirds of the lake is no longer permitted.

Notes and references

Suburbs of Mid-Coast Council


The 1957 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 21 September 1957. It was the 60th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1957 VFL season. The match, attended by 100,324 spectators, was won by Melbourne by 61 points, marking that club's ninth premiership victory.

This was Melbourne's fourth successive Grand Final appearance and third successive premiership. Ron Barassi starred for the Demons with five goals, four of them in the first half to put the game out of Essendon's reach. Melbourne's coach Norm Smith had previously participated in successive premierships as a player, from 1939 to 1941.

Teams

{|
|valign="top"|

 Umpire - Allan Nash

Statistics

Goalkickers

Attendance
 MCG crowd - 100,324

References
1957 VFL Grand Final statistics
 The Official statistical history of the AFL 2004
 Ross, J. (ed), 100 Years of Australian Football 1897-1996: The Complete Story of the AFL, All the Big Stories, All the Great Pictures, All the Champions, Every AFL Season Reported, Viking, (Ringwood), 1996.

See also
 1957 VFL season
 1948 VFL Grand Final
 2000 AFL Grand Final

VFL/AFL Grand Finals
Grand
Melbourne Football Club
Essendon Football Club


There were two major earthquakes in Afghanistan in 1998:

February 1998 Afghanistan earthquake
May 1998 Afghanistan earthquake

See also
Afghanistan earthquake (disambiguation)