Ivo Michael Beale Neame (born 13 March 1981) is a British jazz pianist and composer. In addition to leading his own bands he is a member of several European jazz groups including Phronesis, the Marius Neset Quintet, and the Kairos 4Tet.   He is a Professor of Jazz Piano at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama.

Biography

Neame, a grandson of composer Shena Fraser, was born in Kent into the Shepherd Neame brewing family. He attended The King's School, Canterbury, and studied jazz saxophone at London's Royal Academy of Music in a year-group that included pianist Gwilym Simcock, and was mentored by Martin Speake and Steve Buckley, as well as F-IRE Collective founder Barak Schmool and Milton Mermikides.

Since leaving RAM in 2003 Ivo has performed with highly esteemed musicians at home and abroad such as David Binney, Kenny Wheeler and Hermeto Pascoal. He has played on more than 40 albums as a sideman and a leader and tours regularly with his quintet, octet and now solo piano, as well as with Phronesis and Marius Neset. Ivo was made an Associate of the Royal Academy of Music in 2013.

Honours
2018: Nominated for "Jazz Composition for Small Ensemble", BASCA Composer Awards
2017: "Jazz Ensemble of the Year", Parliamentary Jazz Awards (Phronesis)
2014: Nominated for "Best Jazz Act", MOBO Awards (Phronesis)
2013: Awarded ARAM
2012: "Best Jazz Act" - London Awards for Art and Performance (Phronesis)
2012: Nominated for "UK Jazz Instrumentalist of the year" , Jazz FM awards
2012: Nominated for "Album of the Year", Parliamentary Jazz Awards (Phronesis)
2011: "Best Jazz Act", MOBO Awards (Kairos Quartet)
2010: "Album of the year" in Jazzwise Magazine (Phronesis - Alive)
2010: "Album of the year" in MOJO Magazine (Phronesis - Alive)

Discography

Own compositions
2018: Moshka – Ivo Neame Quartet (Edition Records)
2015: Strata – Ivo Neame Quintet (Whirlwind Recordings)
2012: Yatra – Ivo Neame Octet (Edition Records)
2009: Caught in the Light of Day – Ivo Neame Quartet (Edition Records)
2007: Swirls and Eddies – Ivo Neame Trio (Loop Records)

Collaborations
Within Phronesis, piano trio
2018: We Are All (Edition Records)
2017: The Behemoth (Edition Records)
2016: Parallax (Edition Records)
2014: Life to Everything (Edition Records)
2012: Walking Dark (Edition Records)
2010: Alive (Edition Records)
2007: Organic Warfare (Loop Records)
2009: Green Delay (Loop Records)

Within Kairos 4Tet, led by Adam Waldmann
2013: Everything We Hold (Naim Records)
2011: Statement of Intent (Edition Records)

Within Dave Manington's Riff Raff
2018: Challenger Deep (Loop Records)
2013: Hullabaloo (Loop Records)
2008: Headrush (Loop Records)

Within Marius Neset
2017: Circle of Chimes (ACT Recordings)
2016: Snowmelt (ACT Recordings)
2014: Pinball (ACT Recordings)
2013: Birds (Edition Records)

Within Gemini, quartet led by Jim Hart
2009: Narrada (Loop Records)
2007: Emergence (Loop Records)

With other projects
2018: Tonadas – Julian Argüelles (Edition Records)
2018: Life I know – Ant Law (Edition Records)
2016: Roots of Unity – Escape Hatch with Andrea di Biase (Whirlwind Recordings)
2016: The Darkening Blue – Andre Canniere (Whirlwind Recordings)
2015: Zero Sum World – Ant Law (Whirlwind Recordings)
2014: Coalescence – Andre Canniere (Whirlwind Recordings)
2012: Beginnings - Josh Arcoleo (Edition Records)
2008: Flying Dreams – Brigitte Beraha (F-ire Records)
2007: Different Smile – Kaz Simmons (Fast Awake Records)

Bands
 Ivo Neame’s Dodeka
 Ivo Neame Quartet
 Phronesis
 Marius Neset
 Dave Manington's Riff Raff
 Julian Argüelles Quartet
 Ant Law

References

External links

English jazz pianists
English jazz saxophonists
British male saxophonists
1981 births
Living people
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Music
Post-bop pianists
Edition artists
ACT Music artists
21st-century saxophonists
British male pianists
21st-century British pianists
21st-century British male musicians
British male jazz musicians
Phronesis (band) members
Edition Records artists
Whirlwind Recordings artists


Dawsonia campanulata is an organic-walled Palaeozoic organism of unknown affinity. It resembles a shell or purse.

References

Incertae sedis


The Mentoring Partnership of Southwestern Pennsylvania is a non-profit organization located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that provides a variety of free services to local mentoring agencies and is the chief public advocate for mentoring in the region. It is one of almost three dozen mentoring partnerships across the country that is affiliated with MENTOR/National Mentoring Partnership but remains an administratively independent organization.

Areas of focus

Help start new mentoring programs
The Mentoring Partnership provides resources and training to individuals and organizations who are interested in starting new mentoring programs. These services include print materials, group trainings and individual meetings with Mentoring Partnership staff.

Provide technical assistance to existing programs
In addition to the services provided to new programs, the Mentoring Partnership offers their expertise to existing programs to help them diagnose the strengths and weaknesses of their program in order to improve mentor/mentee relationships and outcomes.

Recruit and place mentors
The Mentoring Partnership works to recruit volunteer mentors for their partner programs. The centerpiece is National Mentoring Month in January, during which The Mentoring Partnership partners with MENTOR to raise awareness about mentoring. Ongoing efforts include presentations to community organizations, businesses and universities as well as advertising and attracting media attention.

Train mentors
Research has shown that mentoring relationships are more productive when mentors receive training. The Mentoring Partnership offers free trainings to mentors who are at any of their partner programs. These include both basic pre-match training as well as more specialized ongoing trainings for mentors.

Bring together mentoring community
The Mentoring Partnership provides opportunities for mentoring programs' staff and volunteers to collaborate with and learn from each other. The primary conduit is monthly MLN (Mentoring Leadership Network) meetings, which are usually held on the second Tuesday of the month in Pittsburgh and the third Tuesday of the month in Beaver County.

References

External links

Mentorships
Alternative education organizations
Education in Pittsburgh
Non-profit organizations based in Pittsburgh


Dianne Marie Donghi (born 11 February 1949 in Neuville-sur-Seine, France) is a French former member of Students for a Democratic Society (1960 organization) and Weatherman (organization).

SDS
Donghi was identified as a leader of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and a member of Weatherman by the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee (SISS) investigative report.  She was affiliated with the Columbia University SDS chapter as well as the New York chapter.  During July 1969, Donghi was one of the SDS Weatherwomen who traveled with Bernardine Dohrn to Havana, Cuba to meet and talk with representatives of Cuba, National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (NLF) and the North Vietnamese governments.  Donghi spoke at a press conference held on August 19, 1969 at the New York City Diplomat Hotel after the group returned home from Cuba.  She also spoke at a National Action Conference held in Cleveland, Ohio during August 29-September 2, 1969.  In preparation for Action Week in Chicago, Illinois, Donghi as well as Bernardine Dohrn, Linda Sue Evans, Mark Rudd and Jeff Jones helped to organize and recruit support for the October 8–11, 1969 Days of Rage, an event where Donghi herself was arrested and considered by FBI to be a co-conspirator.  On October 11, 1969 Donghi was arrested for mob actions, which she pleaded guilty on December 16, 1969; she was fined a $90 fee and sentenced to serve one day in the county jail.  In December 1969, Donghi was one of many who attended the Weatherman "War Council" in Flint, Michigan.

Weatherman
Donghi became affiliated with Weatherman Cincinnati collective in Ohio on January 15, 1970. She eventually became sole leader of the collective.  Later Donghi spent time at the Chicago and New York collectives.  Sometime in February 1970, Donghi was arrested in Chicago by the FBI on charges of interstate transportation of stolen weapons.  The case was thrown out by the U.S. Attorney because it had been set up by an inside informer of Weatherman.  On April 15, 1970, after attempting to forge checks using a false name, Donghi and good friend Linda Sue Evans were arrested in New York City.  Donghi was arrested in the Greenwich Village hotel room she had shared with Cincinnati collective member Larry Grathwohl (alias Tom Niehman), with whom she had formed a relationship.  Donghi and others had been suspicious of Grathwohl, who was in fact an undercover FBI agent. Grathwohl had to blow his cover in order to make the arrest.  Donghi was released from jail later that day with a bail of $10,000.  On July 23, after being sought out by authorities for fugitive warrants on other federal or local cases, Donghi, Linda Sue Evans, Mark Rudd, Bernardine Dohrn, Bill Ayers, Kathy Boudin, Cathy Wilkerson, Russ Neufeld, Jane Spielman, Ronald Fliegelman, Arlo Jacobs, Naomi Jaffe and Larry Grathwohl were indicted for conspiracy to bomb police stations and government buildings in four cities and to harm people inside.  After attending her court hearings, Donghi decided to become a part of the WUO's above ground support.

Notes

References
Federal Bureau of Investigation, "Weather Underground Organization (Weatherman)", (Illinois: Chicago Field Office, 1976)
Larry Grathwohl, "Bringing Down America: An FBI informer with the Weathermen", (New York: Arlington House Publishers, 1976)
Harold Jacobs, "Weatherman", (Ramparts Press, 1970)
Ron Jacobs, "The Way The Wind Blew; A History of the Weather Underground", (New York: Verso, 1997)
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. "The Weather Underground Report of the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary United States Senate Ninety-Fourth Congress First Session", (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975)
The Abilene Reporter News, "Agents Search for 10 Indicted Members of Group", (Texas: July 24, 1970)
Underground, documentary film
 Weather Underground Organization
 May 19th Communist Organization
 List of Weatherman actions

External links
FBI files: Weather Underground Organization (Weatherman).

Members of the Weather Underground
Members of Students for a Democratic Society
People from Aube
COINTELPRO targets
American anti–Vietnam War activists
1949 births
Living people


The 1960–61 Greek Football Cup was the 19th edition of the Greek Football Cup. The competition culminated with the Greek Cup Final, held at Leoforos Alexandras Stadium, on 2 July 1961. The match was contested by Olympiacos and Panionios, with Olympiacos winning by 3–0.

Calendar
From Round of 32 onwards:

Knockout phase
In the knockout phase, teams play against each other over a single match. If the match ends up as a draw, extra time will be played and if the match remains a draw a replay match is set at the home of the guest team which the extra time rule stands as well. If a winner doesn't occur after the replay match the winner emerges by a flip of a coin.

Bracket

Round of 32

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*Qualified after draw.

Round of 16

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Quarter-finals

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Semi-finals

|}

Final

The 19th Greek Cup Final was played at the Leoforos Alexandras Stadium.

References

External links
Greek Cup 1960-61 at RSSSF

Greek Football Cup seasons
Greek Cup
Cup


West Germany (performing as Germany) took part in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982, held in Harrogate, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom.

Before Eurovision
807 songs were submitted for the German selection. A jury composed of 13 members chose 24 of them which then were presented on ARD's radio stations. A jury of 500 members then chose twelve entries for the national final.

Ein Lied für Harrogate
The German national final to select their entry, Ein Lied für Harrogate, was held on 20 March at Bayerischer Rundfunk Studio 4 in Unterföhring, and was hosted by Carolin Reiber and Rudolf Rohlinger.

Twelve songs made it to the national final, which was broadcast by Bayerischer Rundfunk to ARD broadcasters across West Germany. The winner was decided by a sampling of 507 viewers who were meant to symbolize a fair representation of the country's population. Each person gave every song a vote, from 1 (for worst) to 12 (for best). Therefore, the theoretical "worst score" a song could receive would be 500, and the "best score" would be 6000. Three of the competitors previously represented other countries: French singer Séverine won the 1971 contest on behalf of Monaco, Paola previously represented her native Switzerland at two different contests (1969 and 1980), and Jürgen Marcus previously represented Luxembourg at the 1976 contest. Additionally, Mary Roos had represented Germany in 1972, and would return as the German representative two years later.

The winning entry was "Ein bißchen Frieden," performed by Nicole and composed by Ralph Siegel with lyrics by Bernd Meinunger.

At Eurovision

Nicole was the eighteenth and final performer on the night of the Contest, following Ireland. At the close of the voting the song had received 161 points, placing first in a field of 18 competing countries. A 61-point gap was recorded between Nicole and the second-place finisher, Avi Toledano from Israel, setting a then record for the largest gap between first and second place. Only Luxembourg did not award Germany any points, awarding 12 points to host nation the United Kingdom who finished 7th.

Known members of the German jury were Siegfried Doppler and Horst Senker.

The show was watched by 13.81 million viewers in Germany.

Voting

Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest

"Ein bißchen Frieden" was one of fourteen Eurovision songs chosen by fans and the EBU to participate in Congratulations, the fiftieth-anniversary contest. It was the only German entry in the contest. Unlike the majority of other living entrants, Nicole was unable to attend, so the performance simply combined a dance troupe with footage of Nicole's 1982 performance. It was followed by a pre-taped greeting from Nicole. "Ein bißchen Frieden" was performed fifth, following "Eres tú" and preceding "Nel blu dipinto di blu." After the first round, "Ein bißchen Frieden" was not one of the five songs chosen to proceed to the next round. It was later revealed that the song finished seventh, with 106 points. Notably, in spite of it being a major international hit and their only winning entry at the time (they would later win again five years later with Lena's "Satellite" at the  contest), Germany only awarded "Ein bißchen Frieden" three points in the first round, with their twelve going instead to ABBA's "Waterloo." Their twelve points in the second round were awarded to "Nel blu dipinto di blu."

Voting

References

External links
German National Final 1982 - Geocities.com

1982
Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982
Eurovision


The Laval-sur-le-Lac–Île-Bizard Ferry is a seasonal reaction ferry, crossing the city limits of Montreal in the Canadian province of Quebec. It carries cars, bicycles and pedestrians across the Rivière des Prairies from Laval-sur-le-Lac to Île Bizard.

The ferry carries a maximum of 34 passengers and 6 vehicles  across the river in 3 minutes using its current.

As of 2018 season, the cost for automobiles is CAD $4.25 .

See also
 List of crossings of the Rivière des Prairies

References

External links
 TRAVERSE LAVAL

Ferries of Quebec
Transport in Laval, Quebec
Transport in Montreal
L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève
Cable ferries in Canada


Qağacılı is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


In graph theory,  a friendly-index set is a finite set of integers associated with a given undirected graph and generated by a type of graph labeling called a friendly labeling.

A friendly labeling of an -vertex undirected graph  is defined to be an assignment of the values 0 and 1 to the vertices of  with the property that the number of vertices labeled 0 is as close as possible to the number of vertices labeled 1: they should either be equal (for graphs with an even number of vertices) or differ by one (for graphs with an odd number of vertices).

Given a friendly labeling of the vertices of , one may also label the edges: a given edge  is labeled with a 0 if its endpoints  and  have equal labels, and it is labeled with a 1 if its endpoints have different labels. The friendly index of the labeling is the absolute value of the difference between the number of edges labeled 0 and the number of edges labeled 1.

The friendly index set of , denoted , is the set of numbers that can arise as friendly indexes of friendly labelings of .

The Dynamic Survey of Graph Labeling contains a list of papers that examines the friendly indices of various graphs.

References

Graph theory objects
Graph invariants


Yeni Şıxımlı is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Mürtülü is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Garış-Əyribənd is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Çöl Qubalı is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Quentin Garcia (born 26 May 1987 in Meulun, France) is a professional ice hockey player. He is currently an attacker for the Lyon Hockey Club.

Career
Garcia spent two years playing in the Espoirs team of Grenoble before being promoted to Grenoble's Ligue Magnus team for season 2006. He moved to the Lyon Hockey Club in 2007 and remains with the club in season 2008.

Garcia was part of the 2006 Ligue Magnus championship team and the 2007 FFHG Division 2 Vice-Champion squad from Lyon.

External links
Lyon Hockey Club

French ice hockey forwards
1987 births
Living people


Quşlar is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir District of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


The Tiberias Marathon is an annual marathon road race held along the Sea of Galilee in Israel. At approximately 200 meters below sea level, this is the lowest course in the world. The competition was first held in 1977, and also hosts the annual Israeli marathon national championship. It was Israel's first international marathon event.

The course follows an out-and-back format around the southern tip of the sea, and the event also includes a half-marathon (21.1 km) and 10 and 5-kilometer runs. In 2010 the 10 km race was moved from the afternoon to before the marathon. The half-marathon race was added in 2018.

The latest edition of the event was held on 9 December 2022. David (Necho) Tayachew of Ben Shemen Youth Village and a member of the Maccabi Tel Aviv athletics club, won the men's marathon category with a personal record time of 2:13:00. Beatie Deutsch won the women's category for the fourth time in 2:41:20.

In 2007, a Kenyan-born Bahraini athlete, Mushir Salem Jawher (Leonard Mucheru Maina), won the race and was briefly stripped of his Bahrani citizenship by the Bahrani government for competing in Israel. In 2012 Patrick Tambwé, a former Congolese runner representing France, ran a course record of 2:07:30 hours – a time which was the fastest by a European since 2007.

Past winners
Key:

Wins by country

See also
Jerusalem Marathon
Tel Aviv Marathon

References

List of winners
Eiger, David & Civai, Franco (2011-01-09). Tiberias Marathon. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved on 2011-01-15.

External links

In Ancient Footsteps, an overview by Prof. Uri Goldbourt
New Official Site

Marathons in Israel
Recurring sporting events established in 1977
Sea of Galilee
Annual sporting events in Israel


Wulfric (died circa 1004), called Wulfric Spot or Spott, was an Anglo-Saxon nobleman. His will is an important document from the reign of King Æthelred the Unready. Wulfric was a patron of the Burton Abbey, around which the modern town of Burton on Trent later grew up, and may have refounded the Benedictine monastery there.

Family
He was one of the three known children of the noblewoman Wulfrun, after whom Wolverhampton is named. Wulfric's family was linked with the Wulfsige the Black to whom King Edmund I granted land in Staffordshire. As much of Wulfric the Black's estate was granted to Wolverhampton by Wulfrun, and other parts, including lands around modern Abbots Bromley passed to Wulfric, it is possible that Wulfric the Black was this Wulfric's maternal grandfather. The family was related to the Wulfgeat who is a witness to charters in the reign of King Edgar and received lands in Staffordshire and Gloucestershire from the king. Of Wulfric's father and his paternal kin nothing is known.

Wulfric's brother was Ælfhelm, Ealdorman of York or Northumbria from 993 until he was killed in 1006. Ælfhelm was the father of King Cnut's first wife Ælfgifu of Northampton, mother of King Svein of Norway and King Harold Harefoot of England. Ælfhelm also had two sons, Wulfheah and Ufegeat, who were blinded when he was killed. Their sister was Ælfthryth whose daughter Ealdgyth married Morcar, killed in 1015 along with his brother Sigeferth on the orders of King Æthelred. Ælfthryth appears to have died before Wulfric's will was written.

Wulfric's byname, Spot, while it may have the same sense as in modern English, that is that it referred to some form of mark on his face, could also indicate a short, fat person. He is not called 'Spot' before the 13th century.

Career
The Burton Abbey chronicle describes Wulfric as consul ac comes Merciorum, that is consul and 'count' of the Mercians, perhaps suggesting that he was an ealdorman. More contemporary sources disagree and he is generally described as a minister, that is a thegn, although his position may have been more like that of a hold in more Scandinavianised districts of England, somewhere between that of a thegn and an ealdorman.

Little is known of Wulfric's life, but his will, approved while he was still living or shortly after his death by King Æthelred, shows him to have been exceptionally wealthy. He owned lands in ten counties of the English midlands, as well as further lands in the unshired lands between the River Ribble and the River Mersey. The lands which he had owned "between Ribble and Mersey" alone were assessed as having been worth 145 pounds in 1066 by the compilers of the Domesday Book.

Offspring and patronage

Wulfric appears to have had no sons, or none who survived him, as his will does not name any. His daughter, whose name is unknown, was left lands around Tamworth. Sawyer notes that Wulfric had special rights over these lands, "not to be subject to any service nor to any man born", rights which his daughter inherited. His god-daughter, his brother, nephews and niece were also beneficiaries of his will. King Æthelred, in line with custom, received lands, monies, weapons and horses. Large sums of money were given to the archbishops, bishops, abbots and abbesses of England. A monastery at Tamworth received land. The principal beneficiary of Wulfric's will, however, was the abbey of Byrtun, modern Burton on Trent.

There was said to have been a monastic foundation at Burton in earlier times, with which the 7th-century Saint Modwenna is associated. This appears, along with many others, to have disappeared in the Viking Age, and the monastery there was probably reestablished by Wulfric. The new abbey was dedicated to Saint Benedict of Nursia and followed the Rule of Saint Benedict. According to the cartulary of Burton, which may not be reliable, Wulfric left the abbey all of the lands he inherited from his father. As well as the substantial lands he left to Burton in his will, Wulfric, like many noble founders of monasteries, had written into it other clauses to ensure that the new abbey, which was to pray for his soul and for that of his mother, would be provided with powerful friends. He left additional lands to Ælfric of Abingdon, the Archbishop of Canterbury, with the understanding that Ælfric would be a friend and ally to the monks. Wulfric also sought to involve the king in his new foundation, giving over his proprietarial rights to Æthelred, who in turn agreed that he would be lord and protector of Burton Abbey.

Death

Although some late sources places Wulfric's death as late as 1010, and John of Worcester's chronicle has been read as suggesting that he died at the battle of Ringmere in that year, he probably died between 1002, when his will was begun, and 1004, when King Æthelred issued his charter approving it. He was buried in the cloister of Burton alongside his wife. In later times Burton Abbey marked the occasion of his death on 22 October.

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

10th-century births
1004 deaths
Anglo-Saxon ealdormen


Alan Kay is a United States magistrate judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.

Education
Judge Kay received his bachelor's degree in 1957 from the George Washington University, and his Juris Doctor in 1959 from the George Washington University Law School.

Legal career
Judge Kay began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Alexander Holtzoff and Judge William B. Jones, both of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.  From 1959 to 1967, Judge Kay worked as a public defender for the Public Defender Service, and as a federal prosecutor for the United States Attorney's Office in the District of Columbia.  From 1967 until his appointment, he worked in private practice as a named partner at the Washington law firm of Bregman, Abell & Kay. He became a United States magistrate judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in September 1991.

Notable Cases

Rulings on Guantanamo habeas corpus petitions

Judge Kay heard several habeas corpus petitions submitted on behalf of detainees held in extrajudicial detention in the United States's Guantanamo Bay detention camps in Cuba. Judge Kay ruled on issues arising from the "Protective Order" that governed legal counsel's access to detainees. Judge Kay's opinions have been quoted extensively by national news organizations.

In Adem v. Bush, 425 F. Supp. 2d 7 (D.D.C. 2006), Judge Kay ordered the Bush administration to stop blocking private attorneys from meeting with their clients at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. In 2004, detainee Salim Muhood Adem had asked for a lawyer to help challenge his potentially indefinite detention without charge by the United States.  Attorneys volunteered to represent Adem and requested permission to meet with their potential client. The United States, however, refused the attorneys access for over a year, insisting that the attorneys were first required to provide evidence of their authority to represent Adem.  Because the attorneys could not access their client to obtain the authorization, Judge Kay characterized the government's position as a "catch 22." Judge Kay held that the Protective Order does not require evidence of authority to represent a detainee as a prerequisite to counsel meeting with a detainee.  Rather, the Protective Order requires that counsel provide evidence of their authority within 10 days of counsel's second visit with the detainee.

In Kiyemba v. Bush, Judge Kay addressed the same issue as in Adem v. Bush, and held that the Protective Order does not require evidence of authority to represent a detainee as a prerequisite to counsel meeting with a detainee.  The only difference between the Kiyemba and Adem was that Kiyemba was filed as a "next friend" petition, and Adem was filed as a direct petition. Judge Kay found that this was a distinction without a difference with respect to the Protective Order's requirements.

The government further argued that the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 divested the Court of jurisdiction to decide Guantanamo habeas cases.  Judge Kay found that the question of whether the existing Protective Order permitted detainees to meet with their lawyers had no bearing on the question of whether the Court had jurisdiction to review the merits of detainees' challenges to their detention.

Miguel Tejada's steroid case

Judge Kay accepted former Oakland Athletics's baseball player Miguel Tejada's guilty plea to lying before Congress in 2005 about his ex-teammate's use of steroids.  Tejada told Congress "he had no knowledge of other players using or even talking about steroids or other banned substances."  However, a Mitchell Report on drugs in Major League Baseball cited Oakland Athletics outfielder Adam Piatt with saying he discussed steroid use with Tejada and provided Tejada with testosterone and HGH.

Jack Abramoff corruption
Judge Kay accepted a guilty plea from Roger Stillwell, a former employee of the Interior Department Office of Insular Affairs, who failed to report gifts he received from lobbyist Jack Abramoff.

2011 White House Shooting
Oscar Ramiro Ortega-Hernandez appeared before Judge Kay after firing rifle shots at the White House in attempt to assassinate President Obama.

Gyrocopter on the U.S. Capitol lawn
Douglas Mark Hughes appeared before Judge Kay after landing his gyrocopter on the west lawn of the United States Capitol to protest campaign finance laws.

2015 Thanksgiving White House fence jumper
Joseph Caputo appeared before Judge Kay after jumping the White House fence while wrapped in an American flag.  The fence jumping occurred while President Obama and his family were inside celebrating Thanksgiving.

James Rosen warrant
Judge Kay authorized the controversial warrant allowing monitoring of Fox News journalist James Rosen.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Judges presiding over Guantanamo habeas petitions
United States magistrate judges
George Washington University Law School alumni
George Washington University alumni


Schmerber v. California, 384 U.S. 757 (1966), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court clarified the application of the Fourth Amendment's protection against warrantless searches and the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination for searches that intrude into the human body. Until Schmerber, the Supreme Court had not yet clarified whether state police officers must procure a search warrant before taking blood samples from criminal suspects. Likewise, the Court had not yet clarified whether blood evidence taken against the wishes of a criminal suspect may be used against that suspect in the course of a criminal prosecution.

In a 5–4 opinion, the Court held that forced extraction and analysis of a blood sample is not compelled testimony; therefore, it does not violate the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. The Court also held that intrusions into the human body ordinarily require a search warrant. However, the Court ruled that the involuntary, warrantless blood sample taken in this case was justified under the Fourth Amendment's exigent circumstances exception because evidence of blood alcohol would be destroyed by the body's natural metabolic processes if the officers were to wait for a warrant. In 2013, the Supreme Court clarified in Missouri v. McNeely that the natural metabolism of alcohol in the bloodstream is not a per se exigency that would always justify warrantless blood tests of individuals suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol.

In the years following the Court's decision in Schmerber, many legal scholars feared the ruling would be used to limit civil liberties. Other scholars, including Nita A. Farahany, Benjamin Holley, and John G. New, have suggested courts may use the ruling in Schmerber to justify the use of mind reading devices against criminal suspects. Because the Court's ruling in Schmerber prohibited the use of warrantless blood tests in most circumstances, some commentators argue that the decision was responsible for the proliferation of breathalyzers to test for alcohol and urine analyses to test for controlled substances in criminal investigations.

Background

In the 1950s, the Supreme Court of the United States issued two key rulings clarifying the constitutionality of physical intrusions into the human body by police and other government agents. In Rochin v. California, police officers broke into the home of an individual suspected of selling narcotics and observed him place several small objects into his mouth. Officers were unable to force his mouth open, so they transported him to a local hospital where his stomach was pumped against his will. A unanimous Supreme Court held the involuntary stomach pump was an unlawful violation of substantive due process because it "shocked the conscience", and was so "brutal" and "offensive" that it did not comport with traditional ideas of fair play and decency. In 1957, the Court held in Breithaupt v. Abram that involuntary blood samples "taken by a skilled technician" neither "shocked the conscience" nor violated substantive due process. In Breithaupt, police took a blood sample from a patient suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol while he lay unconscious in a hospital. The Court held that the blood samples were justified, in part, because "modern community living requires modern scientific methods of crime detection." Additionally, the Court mentioned in dicta that involuntary blood samples may violate the constitution if officers do not provide "every proper medical precaution" to the accused.

Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule
Until the twentieth century, courts would admit evidence at trial even if it was seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment. Although the Supreme Court developed an exclusionary rule for federal cases in Weeks v. United States and Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. United States, the Court held in 1949 that the exclusionary rule did not apply to the states. In Rochin, the Court held that evidence obtained in a manner that "shocks the conscience" must be excluded in criminal prosecutions but the court declined to incorporate a broad exclusionary rule for all Fourth Amendment violations. By the middle of the twentieth century, many state courts had crafted their own exclusionary rules. In 1955, the California Supreme Court ruled in People v. Cahan that the Fourth Amendment's exclusionary rule applied in California because it was necessary to deter constitutional violations by law enforcement. In 1961, the Supreme Court of the United States relied upon Cahan to hold in Mapp v. Ohio that the exclusionary rule was incorporated to the states.

Arrest and prosecution
On the night of November 12, 1964, Armando Schmerber and a passenger were driving home after drinking at a tavern and bowling alley in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, when their car skidded off the road and struck a tree. Schmerber and his companion were injured in the crash and taken to a hospital for treatment. When investigating police officers arrived at the hospital, they asked Schmerber to submit a sample of his blood, but Schmerber refused. Although they did not possess a search warrant, officers instructed attending physicians to take a blood sample from Schmerber. The blood sample indicated that Schmerber was intoxicated, and he was placed under arrest. The blood sample was ultimately admitted into evidence at trial, and Schmerber was convicted for driving under the influence of intoxicating liquors. Schmerber objected to the admissibility of the blood sample, claiming that the police violated his rights to due process, his right against self-incrimination, his right to counsel, and his right not to be subjected to unreasonable searches and seizures. The Appellate Department of the California Superior Court rejected Schmerber's arguments, and the California District Court of Appeal declined to review his case.

Arguments before the Court

Schmerber submitted an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, which granted certiorari on January 17, 1966. In his brief, Schmerber argued, inter alia, that the warrantless blood test violated his Fourth Amendment right to be free from unlawful searches and seizures, as well as his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. The Los Angeles City Attorney's office represented the State of California on appeal. In their brief, the City Attorney argued that the blood test did not violate the Fourth Amendment because the seizure was conducted incident to a lawful arrest. The City Attorney also argued that admitting the sample into evidence did not violate Schmerber's Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination because blood is not testimonial evidence under the Fifth Amendment. Oral arguments were held on April 25, 1966, and the Court issued its opinion on June 20, 1966.

Opinion of the Court

In his majority opinion, Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. held that Schmerber's constitutional rights were not violated when police took his blood without his consent. Relying upon the Court's holding in Breithaupt v. Abram, he concluded that the police did not violate Schmerber's Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination because the extraction and chemical analysis of the blood sample did not involve "even a shadow of testimonial compulsion." Likewise, Justice Brennan held that the officers did not violate Schmerber's Fourth Amendment right against unreasonable seizures. Justice Brennan wrote that absent exigent circumstances, searches that involve intrusions into the human body require a search warrant. Here, the search was not justified as a search incident to arrest because weapons and contraband are not ordinarily concealed beneath the skin. However, the involuntary blood draw was justified under the Fourth Amendment's exigent circumstances exception because if the officers had waited to receive a search warrant, evidence of intoxication would have been lost through the body's natural metabolism of alcohol in the bloodstream. He wrote that the responding officer "might reasonably have believed that he was confronted with an emergency," where evidence would be destroyed if he waited to receive a warrant. Additionally, Justice Brennan cautioned that the Court's ruling was limited "only to the facts of the present record" and that "minor intrusions into an individual's body under stringently limited conditions in no way indicates that it permits more substantial intrusions, or intrusions under other conditions."

Justice Harlan's concurrence
In his concurring opinion, Justice John Marshall Harlan II agreed that the involuntary blood sample did not implicate involuntary testimonial compulsion, but wrote separately to emphasize his opinion that the case before the Court "in no way implicates the Fifth Amendment." Additionally, Justice Harlan cited to his dissent in Miranda v. Arizona where he argued against a broad expansion of the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. Justice Harlan disagreed with the Court's ruling in Miranda and even stated that the case "represents poor constitutional law and entails harmful consequences for the country at large."

Dissenting opinions

All four dissenting Justices wrote separate dissenting opinions in Schmerber. Chief Justice Earl Warren reiterated his dissenting opinion in Breithaupt v. Abram, where he argued that involuntary blood samples violate substantive due process. Justice Hugo Black authored an impassioned dissent in which he argued that the officers violated Schmerber's right against self-incrimination. He wrote, "[b]elieving with the Framers that these constitutional safeguards broadly construed by independent tribunals of justice provide our best hope for keeping our people free from governmental oppression, I deeply regret the Court's holding." Justice William O. Douglas also reiterated his dissent in Breithaupt v. Abram, but added that physical invasions into the human body violate the right to privacy enumerated in Griswold v. Connecticut and that "[n]o clearer invasion of this right of privacy can be imagined than forcible bloodletting of the kind involved here." Finally, Justice Abe Fortas wrote that the involuntary blood sample was an act of violence that violated substantive due process and that states may not resort to acts of violence when prosecuting crimes.

Subsequent developments
In the 1970s and 1980s, the Supreme Court revisited questions about the constitutionality of involuntary bodily intrusions in several key cases. In 1973, the Court ruled in Cupp v. Murphy that the police were permitted to extract a tissue sample from underneath a suspect's fingernails to recover "evanescent" physical evidence. The suspect in Cupp was suspected of strangling his wife and voluntarily went to a police station to answer questions. Officers noticed bloodstains under the suspect's fingernails and detained him, but did not place him under arrest. Against the suspect's wishes, the police scraped out a tissue sample from under his fingernails to retrieve the evidence. The biological material found under the suspect's fingernails was later found to have come from the victim. Citing Schmerber, the Court held that this warrantless search was justified under the exigent circumstances exemption of the Fourth Amendment because the search was necessary to preserve the “highly evanescent evidence” under the defendant's fingernails.

Twelve years later, the Court again revisited the topic of involuntary bodily intrusions in Winston v. Lee, where the Court held that the State of Virginia could not force an individual to undergo surgery to extract a bullet that may be evidence of a crime. The Court applied its previous holding in Schmerber to conclude that the surgery would constitute an unreasonable search under the Fourth Amendment and that a crucial factor for evaluating any bodily intrusion "is the extent to which the procedure may threaten the safety or health of the individual." Writing for the Court's majority, Justice Brennan concluded that forcing a patient to undergo major surgery intrudes too far upon individual privacy rights and that surgical intrusions "can only be characterized as severe."

In 1989, the Court ruled in Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Association that warrantless blood tests of railroad employees were reasonable under the Fourth Amendment. The Court reaffirmed that the “compelled intrusio[n] into the body for blood to be analyzed for alcohol content” is a search under the Fourth Amendment, but that warrantless blood tests of railroad employees were necessary to "prevent accidents and casualties in railroad operations that result from impairment of employees by alcohol or drugs.” The Court also concluded that when individuals “participate in an industry that is regulated pervasively to ensure safety,” these individuals “have a reduced expectation of privacy.” Because these employees had a "diminished expectation of privacy," the warrantless blood tests were permissible. Justice Thurgood Marshall and Justice Brennan wrote a dissenting opinion in which they argued that this case was distinguishable from Schmerber because "no such exigency prevents railroad officials from securing a warrant before chemically testing the samples they obtain."

South Dakota v. Neville and self-incrimination

After the Court issued its decision in Schmerber, a split of authority emerged in lower courts with regard to whether the Fifth Amendment's right against self-incrimination prohibited the use of a suspect's refusal to submit to a blood test as evidence of guilt. The United States Supreme Court resolved this split in authority in South Dakota v. Neville, where the Court held that prosecutors could use a suspect's refusal to submit to a blood test as evidence of guilt, and the introduction of this evidence at trial does not violate the suspect's Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. Writing for the Court's majority, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor concluded that "the state did not directly compel respondent to refuse the test" and that a "simple blood-alcohol test is so safe, painless, and commonplace" a suspect would not feel coerced to refuse the test. Justice John Paul Stevens wrote a dissenting opinion, joined by Justice Thurgood Marshall, in which he argued that the Court in Schmerber intended to adopt a broad and liberal interpretation of the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination.

Missouri v. McNeely and the exigent circumstances exception

Over time, a split of authority grew among lower courts with regard to whether the Fourth Amendment's exigent circumstances exception allowed officers to always conduct warrantless blood tests on individuals suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol because evidence of alcohol was being destroyed by the body's natural metabolic processes. States that recognized this per se exigency argued that "[o]nce police arrest a suspect for drunk driving, each passing minute eliminates probative evidence of the crime." In 2012, the Court granted review in Missouri v. McNeely to resolve this question. In a 5–4 opinion, the Court rejected the theory that the natural dissipation of blood alcohol constituted a per se exigency. Instead, the court affirmed the basic principle from Schmerber that absent "an emergency that justifie[s] acting without a warrant," police may not conduct warrantless blood testing on suspects. Consequently, exigency in drunk driving cases "must be determined case by case based on the totality of the circumstances."

Analysis
Scholars have described Schmerber v. California as a landmark case and a "watershed moment" in the history of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence. Likewise, John D. Castiglione described the case as "seminal for its place in the annals of Fifth Amendment jurisprudence." Constitutional law scholar Akhil Reed Amar identified Schmerber as a turning point in the Fifth Amendment's "distinction between words and physical evidence." Anne Marie Schubert has also argued that Schmerber served as the genesis for a long line of Supreme Court cases ordering the compelled production of physical evidence. Because Schmerber foreclosed the use of warrantless blood tests in most circumstances, some scholars, including John A. Scanlan, argue that the Court's ruling was responsible for the proliferation of breathalyzers to test for alcohol and urine analysis to test for controlled substances in criminal investigations.

Immediate reaction
Soon after the Court's ruling, analysts predicted that the effects of the case would be "far-reaching." Some analysts feared the ruling would be used to justify "other intrusive searches." Other commentators also observed that the Court's holding in Schmerber seemed to "reverse direction" from the court's decision in Miranda v. Arizona one week earlier, where the Court enlarged protections against the police for criminal suspects. However, in his assessment of Schmerber, Charles L. Berry praised the decision as a "successful effort to find a practical solution to the problem of the drinking motorist." Additionally, many law journals also offered commentary of the case's significance. For example, a November 1966 article in the Harvard Law Review opined that Justice Brennan's majority opinion was "a good exposition of his view of the interrelationship between the fourth and fifth amendments," and a February 1967 article in the Texas Law Review argued that Schmerber "exemplifies the proposition that the fifth amendment is not absolute."

Impact
Some legal scholars have criticized the Court's ruling in Schmerber for infringing too far upon civil liberty and privacy. E. John Wherry, Jr., former Dean of the University of Orlando School of Law, wrote that "[b]lindly following Schmerber as authorization for all non-consensual blood seizure for forensic purposes is, in this day and age, an outrage." Writing for the Notre Dame Law Review, Blake A. Bailey, Elaine M. Martin, and Jeffrey M. Thompson observed that although the Court limited the holding in Schmerber to the facts of the case, prior to Winston v. Lee, many lower courts relied upon the ruling to order criminal defendants to undergo surgery to remove bullets that may have been evidence of a crime. Other scholars have expressed concern that the Court's decision to exclude physical evidence from protections against self-incrimination may one day lead to the use of mind reading devices when prosecuting criminal suspects. For example, the Harvard Law Review suggested that the Court's decision may be used to justify monitoring brain waves. Additionally, in an article in the journal Developments in Mental Health Law, Benjamin Holley suggested that "neurotechnological lie detection" could be used in criminal prosecutions, as long as a suspect's words are not "linked with the physical manifestations sought to be introduced at trial." Likewise, in an article in the Journal of Legal Medicine, John G. New suggested that non-testimonial evidence gathered from electroencephalography or magnetic resonance imaging may be admissible to demonstrate a suspect's thoughts.

See also
 List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 384
 List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Warren Court

Notes

References
The citations in this Article are written in Bluebook style.

External links

United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Warren Court
United States Fourth Amendment case law
United States Fifth Amendment self-incrimination case law
1966 in United States case law
1966 in California
Legal history of California
Medical lawsuits
Blood tests


Shultz v. Wheaton Glass Co., 421 F.2d 259 (3rd Cir. 1970) was a case heard before the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in 1970. It is an important case in studying the impact of the Bennett Amendment on Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, helping to define the limitations of equal pay for men and women. In its rulings, the court determined that a job that is "substantially equal" in terms of what the job entails, although not necessarily in title or job description, is protected by the Equal Pay Act. An employer who hires a woman to do the same job as a man but gives the job a new title in order to offer it a lesser pay is discriminating under that act.

Background
Wheaton Glass employed men as "selector-packer-stackers" but employed women as ""selector-packers". Both performed similar work in the company's warehouse in Millville, New Jersey but the longer title paid substantially higher wages.

See also
Gender equality
List of gender equality lawsuits

References

United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit cases
1970 in United States case law
Millville, New Jersey
United States gender discrimination case law
United States employment discrimination case law
History of women in New Jersey


Qarasu is a village in the municipality of Şilyan in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Shalës is a village and a former municipality in the Elbasan County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Cërrik. The population at the 2011 census was 3,842. The municipal unit consists of the villages Shalës, Licaj, Kurtalli, Xibrake, Xherie and Kodras.
Its geographical coordinates are 40° 59' 55" North, 19° 56' 52" East.

References

Administrative units of Cërrik
Former municipalities in Elbasan County
Villages in Elbasan County


Titans of the Deep is a 1938 film inspired by the early 1930s deep-sea dives made by William Beebe and Otis Barton using the Bathysphere. Beebe and Barton were the first to set ocean depth records in a device invented by Barton.

The film was written by Les Adams. It was intended as a documentary but was often sold and advertised as an exploitation/horror picture.

Premise
Prominent scientists Dr. William Beebe and Otis Barton, using the Bathysphere invented by Barton, descend several thousand feet to the ocean floor off the shores of Bermuda to study and film sea creatures seen and filmed at that depth for the first time.

References
 Otis Barton, Adventure on land and under the sea, Longmans, London, (1954).
 Biography of Otis Barton on the website of the MIT School of Engineering

External links

1938 adventure films
1938 films
American black-and-white films
American documentary films
Documentary films about nature
Grand National Films films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films


Steel City is an unincorporated community in Benton Township, Franklin County, Illinois, USA. It is located about a mile east of the county seat of Benton on Illinois Route 34.

References

Unincorporated communities in Franklin County, Illinois
Unincorporated communities in Illinois


Belsh (; ) is a municipality in Elbasan County, central Albania. The municipality consists of the administrative units of Fierzë, Grekan, Kajan, Rrasë with Belsh constituting its seat. As of the Institute of Statistics estimate from the 2011 census, there were 8,781 people residing in Belsh and 19,503 in Belsh Municipality.

Cityscape

Notes

References

External links

bashkiabelsh.al – Official Website

Administrative units of Belsh
Municipalities in Elbasan County
Towns in Albania


Clayton James Cubitt (born March 2, 1972), also known as Siege, is an American photographer, filmmaker and writer living in Brooklyn. He is known for applying an "arrestingly controlled and sleek sense of style" to art, portrait, erotic and fashion photography. He has been described as "one of a new breed of photographers no longer content to draw a distinction between the worlds of fashion, art, and porn."

Early life
Cubitt grew up in New Orleans and other parts of the Gulf Coast. He was inspired to explore photography after seeing the photograph "Susie Smoking," shot by Nick Knight for a Yohji Yamamoto ad campaign. Cubitt also cites Helmut Newton's photograph "Green Room Murder" as an early inspiration. He moved north after high school, eventually settling in Brooklyn in early 2000.

Career

Blogging for Nerve.com
From 2004 to 2008, Cubitt published a photography/confessional blog titled "The Daily Siege" at sex/culture online magazine Nerve. It was described by Eyemazing Journal as "one of the best sources of intelligent, open sexuality on the web.” In addition to erotic content, including images and podcasts, the blog featured Cubitt's writing on a variety of topics, including politics and his creative process.

Fashion Photography
In 2005, Cubitt collaborated on a generative art fashion series with creative coder Tom Carden. To create the images, Cubitt used software that experimented with particles and attractors. The software was written by Carden using the alpha version of the Processing Programming Language, and the images were published in Metropop Magazine. Cubitt is also known for "Lagos Calling", an alternate-reality fashion story that reimagined the skinhead fashion movement as a product of late-1960s Lagos, Nigeria, rather than London. The images were presented as a set of resurfaced, damaged, faded anthropological portraits. The series was used as stylistic inspiration for the Gnarls Barkley music video  for "Going On". Websites have mistakenly published the images as historical reference. Cubitt created a series called "Damaged Doll" that featured pornographic actress Justine Joli in a sexual, high-fashion context. Two of the images were included in The Playground, a collectible boxed set of fashion artwork. Two different printers refused to print the pieces due to their explicit nature, so the book publishers printed them manually. However, Barney's New York refused to stock the boxed set due to the inclusion of the two pieces.

Hurricane Katrina Survivor Portraits
In 2005, Cubitt traveled to Pearlington, Mississippi, ground zero for Hurricane Katrina, after hearing that his mother's home there had been destroyed. Upon arriving, Cubitt began to document the area's devastation. He set up a photography studio in order to interview and photograph Katrina's survivors and volunteers in Pearlington's former school gymnasium, which was serving as a distribution point for aid in the town. Cubitt published their stories and images on a blog he created, titled "Operation Eden." For a time, the blog became a central hub for volunteers and people seeking to send relief, and citizens who were curious about what the mainstream media wasn't covering. The blog has been described as "a powerful piece of citizen journalism." It was featured on MSNBC, LIFE Magazine, and Rolling Stone. Cubitt returned to the area subsequently to photograph survivors in Mississippi and New Orleans. His Katrina portraits were used by ad agency Grey Worldwide, in conjunction with SAMHSA and the Ad Council, to create a series of PSAs urging Katrina survivors to reach out for help.

Celebrity Portraiture
Cubitt's celebrity portrait subjects include David Byrne
, Peter Murphy, Xeni Jardin, Levon Helm, Shaun Ross, Big Freedia, Justine Joli, and Molly Crabapple. Cubitt is credited for initially discovering underground South African rap-rave group Die Antwoord, and subsequently shot their portrait and album cover for the band's debut$, O$.

Video Art
In 2008–2009, Cubitt created a video series of Long Portraits, in which subjects were filmed sitting still for five minutes or more. The Long Portrait format became popular on Vimeo, inspiring many other photographers to create their own versions.

In 2012, Cubitt created a video series entitled Hysterical Literature. Shot clinically in black and white, each film shows a fully dressed woman reading a passage from a book of her choice while supposedly being brought to orgasm by an unseen assistant. The first installment in the video series featured adult performer Stoya reading Necrophilia Variations by Supervert, and has received over twenty-three million views on YouTube as of May 2018. Subsequent videos feature "friends and industry comrades" like Margaret Cho, Toni Bentley and others  reading passages from books including Bret Easton Ellis' American Psycho and Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass.

Veterans for Bernie Sanders
In 2016, Cubitt became a vocal supporter of senator Bernie Sanders' presidential campaign. Cubitt photographed war veterans and interviewed them about what Sanders' candidacy means to them. The images were used by the official Bernie Sanders campaign.

Exhibitions
Group Shows
2003   SENT: America's First Phonecam Art Show, Los Angeles, CA
2008	Anonymous, New York, NY
2008	(Untitled) u = , New York, NY
2009	Talk Dirty to Me, New York, NY
2011	Fashioning Photography, Essex Junction, VT
2012	LEWD, New York, NY

References

External links
Cubitt's site
Operation Eden
Clayton Cubitt Every Day, Cubitt's tumblelog

Living people
American photographers
1972 births


This is a list of episodes from the series Scruff.

Pilot Episode
 Wanted A Home
 What Will We Do With This Dog
 The Course of Three Dogs
 Craving for Eggs
 Christmas is Almost Here
 Preying Around
 A Circus Dog
 The Circus Star
 Fox Hunting
 Bringing the Flock Home
 A Canned Tail
 The Runaway
 Shackled by Fear
 Staking Out Territory
 Two Families For Just One Dog
 The Hero Of Nevell
 Scruff And Peter Ltd
 That's Not For Playing With
 Smells Like An Adventure
 Princess Always On His Mind
 Fugitives
 Prizes Galore
 All Because Of A Mushrooms Omlett
 Going Up The Rock
 Where's Miaow
 It's Time To Say Good-Bye

Episodes

Season 1 (2000–2001)
 Useless and Unnessary
 Too Much Sun
 The Last Of His Kind
 A Testing Time
Uncle Ron and Aunt lil
Peter the city mechanic
Early Retirement
Friends Face off
Princess is not Impressed
Invisible scruff
A Foxy Tale
Changing places
America
Books and Roses
Sweet and sour dreams
Kidnapping of The chestnuts seller
Some Very Generous Truits
Run Aways
Totally barking
I'm not me
Be yourself
Best friends
The richest Treasure
Spring Has sprung
Neither mine nors yours
A Saint's Day For Scruff
Where are you scruff
Fire
Sing What you like
April Fool
Honey Tongued
Moonstruck
The Floral Games of Navell
Saint Anthony's Day
The Devils
The Tree Festival
Good luck Bad luck
The Godfather
The First cherry
Fireside Stories

Season 2 (2002–2003)
Scruff, I'll Never Leave You
The Messenger Dog
The Rain Man
A Puppy Forever
Can't Cope
The Monument
Things Aren't Always What They Seem
The Law of Nature
Contradictius Muscarius
I'm Not Always Happy All the Time
Peter is Jealous
Count Scruffala
Buttons and Circus, Owners of Tolosa Farm
The Tramps
Theory of Practice
Buttons, My Love
The Joking Dog
ST, the Extraterrestrial Dog
The Dog Who Knew too Much
The Other Scruff
Dogs and Masters
The Date
A New Home For Strummer
Peter, a Free Man
A Bad Day
Family Ghosts
Insurance For Dogs
No to War
The Peter Show
The Road
Privacy
The Family Feud
Eclipsed
The Crazy Firecracker
The Case of the Hens That Laid Fried Eggs
Strummer Without His Guitar
If They Could Talk
Mutiny in the Series
Where is Everybody

Scruff 6 Movies (2005–2007)
Scruff and the legend of saint George
Scruff in a midsummer nights dream
Scruff Cinderella's carnival
Scruff's Halloween
Scruff A Christmas tale
Scruff Christmas without clause

Notes
 The show often re-used footage (example, the rain storm scene from "The Course of Three Dogs" was used 3 more times.
 "A Circus Dog", and "The Circus Star" was a 2-part episode.

Scruff episodes lists of


Lionel Sionne Baker (born 6 September 1984) is a West Indian former cricketer who has played first-class cricket for the Leeward Islands. He is the first person from Montserrat to have represented the West Indies at Test cricket.

Personal life
Although he was born in Montserrat, Lionel Baker spent several years living in London and attended school there.

Domestic career
Baker made his debut for the Leeward Islands in the 2004/05 season.

In 2007 Baker, played for an English Village club side called Marston Green Cricket Club and broke their long standing batting record, scoring 207 against Aston Unity on 27 August. Baker scored 819 runs, and took 27 wickets in this season. Baker, took a shine to the local Chinese takeaway, and regularly ate shrimps for his post match snack.

In the 2008 English season, Baker represented Walmley in the Birmingham and District Premier League. After impressing in the nets in 2008, Baker signed a two-year contract with Leicestershire County Cricket Club to represent them from 2009. He has a British passport which would have allowed him to play without counting as an overseas or Kolpak player. However, a month later the deal fell through once Baker was selected for the West Indies team as he was no longer eligible to play as a Kolpak player.

Baker has represented Montserrat in the Stanford 20/20 since the 2006 season and was selected in the Stanford Superstars squad in 2008 to play against England, but did not play for them.

International career
Baker represented the West Indies at U19 level, he finished his Youth One Day International career with 17 wickets from 8 matches at an average of 18.47 with best bowling figures of 6/39. The figures of 6/39 earned Baker a man-of-the-match award and were taken against Sri Lanka U19s.

On 1 November 2008, the ODI squad to tour Pakistan was announced, with Baker as one of the members. On the same day, it was announced that he was one of four players – along with Brendan Nash, Leon Johnson, and Kemar Roach – without a Test cap to be named in the 15-man squad selected to tour New Zealand for a Test series. He became the first player from Montserrat to represent the West Indies senior side at international level when he made his One Day International (ODI) debut against Pakistan on 12 November 2008. His first wicket in international cricket was that of Salman Butt, bowled. He did not bat and after coming on to bowl first change, finished the match with bowling figures of 9–0–47–3, also claiming the scalps of Younis Khan and Shahid Afridi as the West Indies narrowly lost by four wickets.

Baker made his Test debut on 11 December, playing against New Zealand.

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Montserratian cricketers
Leeward Islands cricketers
West Indies Test cricketers
West Indies One Day International cricketers
West Indies Twenty20 International cricketers
West Indies B cricketers


Rrasë is a former municipality in the Elbasan County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Belsh. The population at the 2011 census was 1,594. The municipal unit consists of the villages Shegas, Rrasë e Sipërme, Guri i Bardhë and Rrasë e Poshtme.

See also
Guri i Bardhë

References

Administrative units of Belsh
Former municipalities in Elbasan County


Qarabucaq (also, Karabudshach, Karabudzhag, Karabudzhak, and Karabudzhakh) is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Prep for Prep is a leadership development and gifted education program dedicated to expanding educational access to students of color. The organization's programs are targeted toward high achieving New York City minority students and helps with scholarships placement into many of the most respected secondary schools and colleges in the country.

The New York Times has referred to the Prep for Prep program as the "ticket to the top [through] admission to one of the nation's premier colleges."

History
Prep for Prep was founded in 1978 by Gary Simons, a public-school teacher in the Bronx, starting with 25 students from diverse and low-income backgrounds and three teachers known as "Contingent I". During Prep for Prep's first year, eleven independent schools committed places for Prep students and 22 students matriculated from those schools. Within a year of inception, the acceptance rate had fallen to 12%.

In 1988, Prep for Prep expanded its mission to independent boarding schools, launching a program known as "PREP 9" under the leadership of Peter Bordonaro. PREP 9 helps the brightest and most hardworking minority students in New York City and the metropolitan areas of Westchester, Long Island, New Jersey, and Connecticut prepare for success at leading independent boarding schools across the Northeast. The selection process begins in the 7th grade, when students apply to PREP 9 for entry into boarding schools in 9th grade. Space in the PREP 9 program is reserved for students who demonstrate very strong academic performance and high financial need, and as such, PREP 9 considers family income and financial assets as part of its application process.

In 1989, Contingent I students complete undergraduate studies, graduating from Columbia, Cornell, Harvard, Northwestern, Oberlin, The University of Pennsylvania, and Princeton.

In 2000, the Goldman Sachs Foundation granted Prep for Prep over $1mm to expand the organization’s program and prepare significantly larger numbers of high potential underrepresented youth for selective colleges.

In 2002, founder Gary Simons was succeeded by Aileen Heffernan.

By 2011, over 1,000 Prep for Prep students had graduated from college. and by 2018, over the number had increased to more than 3,000 Prep for Prep alumni.

In 2020, the Board of Trustees selected Ruth Jurgensen to succeed Aileen Heffernan after 25 years leading the organization.

Today, the Prep for Prep community includes over 3,500 students and alumni, having matriculated over 44 contingents since inception. Each year, Prep for Prep hosts a charity gala called the "Lilac Ball" which is regularly attended by famous patrons.

Student selection
Each year, a citywide "talent search" selects about 125 minority students, including 95 fifth graders and 30 sixth graders. To qualify for recruitment, 5th graders must have a scaled score of 330 or above on the English Language Arts (ELA) test administered during their 4th grade school year, or have scored in the 90th percentile on any standardized reading test administered in that school year. 6th graders must have a scaled score of 335 (90th percentile) or above on the ELA exam administered during their 5th grade school year. Applicants then undergo a series of interviews and further standardized testing to determine admission into the program. Fifth and sixth graders are admitted into Prep for Prep and earn spots at leading day schools in New York City.

Program
Admitted students undergo a 14-month academic course known as the "Preparatory Component" before their sixth or seventh-grade year, which includes two intensive seven-week summer sessions and after-school Wednesday and all-day Saturday classes during the intervening school year. Courses range from History, Algebra, Pre-Algebra, Research, Latin, French, Spanish, Literature, Writing Conference, and Science, which includes biology, physics, and chemistry, Invictus, a sociology and psychology-based course, PIMAS (Problems and Issues in Modern American Society), term paper research, and newly added Computer Science in 2021. An average of 60 percent of students successfully complete this program and are placed in schools chosen from among three dozen leading New York City independent schools. These 36 schools commit places, especially for Prep for Prep students, and almost $12 million annually in scholarships. Throughout the program and past high school graduation, students also receive personal and academic counseling, college counseling, and career counseling, and participate in leadership and community development activities as well as parties and special trips for alumni.

The program continues to help the students post-college with placement into positions at prestigious firms such as Goldman Sachs, Google, and J.P. Morgan Chase through corporate partnerships designed to expand diverse talent pools on Wall Street, in engineering, and across business.

School placement

Secondary school placement
Prep for Prep day students are commonly placed at some of the nation's leading independent schools as Allen-Stevenson School, Berkeley Carroll, The Brearley School, The Browning School, The Buckley School, Calhoun, Chapin School, Collegiate, Columbia Grammar & Preparatory School, Dalton, Fieldston, Friends Seminary, Horace Mann, The Kew Forest School, Nightingale-Bamford, Packer Collegiate, Poly Prep, Riverdale Country School, Rye Country Day School, Grace Church School, Sacred Heart, Saint Ann's, St. Hilda's & St. Hugh's School, St. Bernard's School, Spence, Town, Trevor Day School, Village Community School, Hackley, Trevor Day, and Trinity School NYC.

PREP 9 boarding students commonly enroll at prestigious schools such as Choate, Andover, Exeter, Deerfield, Taft, Hotchkiss, Lawrenceville, The Hill School, Loomis Chaffee, and Middlesex.

College placement
Prep for Prep works with students to help with placement into top-tier universities such as colleges in the Ivy League and NESCAC. Students have regularly attended Amherst College, Brown University, Cornell University, Columbia University, Dartmouth College, Duke University, Georgetown University, Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania (including the Wharton School), Princeton University, Stanford University, Yale University.

Notable Alumni
Prep for Prep has had numerous notable people associated with the organization since its inception, including judges, attorney generals, actors, educators, entrepreneurs, and bankers.

Notable students
The following people were students of the Prep for Prep or PREP 9 programs:

 Kimberley S. Knowles — Associate Judge on the Superior Court of the District of Columbia
 Kristen Clarke — Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division at the United States Department of Justice
 Darrin Henson — choreographer, dancer, actor, director and producer
 Rob Brown — actor
 Angela Yee — radio personality
 Jabari Brisport — activist and former public school teacher
 Amina Gautier — writer
 Naima Coster — novelist
 Taha Abdul-Basser — Chaplin at Harvard University
 Evette Rios — television host

Notable faculty & staff
The following people have served on the faculty or as staff members at Prep for Prep:

 Eva Moskowitz — CEO of Success Academy Charter Schools, former civics teacher at Prep for Prep

Notable board members
The following people have served on the Prep for Prep board as trustees or associate council members:

 Arun Alagappan — Founder and President of Advantage Testing Foundation
 Jake Chasan – television personality known for Wahl Street
 James Cole Jr. — Deputy Secretary of Education under President Barack Obama
 Martin Lipton — lawyer, founding partner of law firm of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz
 Daniel S. Loeb — hedge fund manager, Founder and CEO of Third Point Management
 Harold McGraw III — CEO and Chairman of McGraw Hill Companies (now S&P Global)
 John Vogelstein — venture capitalist at Warburg Pincus

See also

 Gifted education
 Sponsors for Educational Opportunity (SEO)
 Goldman Sachs Foundation — one of the major benefactors of Prep for Prep

References

External links
Prep for Prep Official Website

Education in New York City
Gifted education


Machakos Town Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of eight constituencies in Machakos County. The constituency was established for the 1988 elections.

Members of Parliament

Locations

References

External links
Map of the constituency

Constituencies in Machakos County
Constituencies in Eastern Province (Kenya)
1988 establishments in Kenya
Constituencies established in 1988


Axtaçı-Qarabucaq (known as Qarabucaq until 2015) is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir District of Azerbaijan.

References

Populated places in Kurdamir District


Yeshiva University, a United States private university in New York City, with six campuses in New York and one in Israel, was founded in 1886. It is a research university ranked as 45th in the US among national universities by U.S. News & World Report in 2012.

Foundation and early growth
The Etz Chaim Yeshiva, a cheder-style elementary school, was founded on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in 1886. Prior to its founding, Jewish education in the United States had been limited to supplemental and synagogue affiliated schools. Etz Chaim ("The Tree of Life," a reference to the Torah from the Biblical Book of Proverbs, and a common name for yeshivas and synagogues) was the first yeshiva in America; that is, the first full-time, independent Jewish school focusing on the study of the Talmud. The primary impetus for its establishment was the influx of Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe that began in the 1880s; the school was established along the lines of the Eastern European yeshivas, which themselves had begun to be established in the early 19th Century. However, the New York school, unlike its European counterparts, also offered some secular education, including classes in English. These were very limited at first, but eventually (partially due to New York State law) became a full co-curriculum, something almost unprecedented in the history of Jewish education.

The graduates of Etz Chaim had no place in the United States to continue their formal Jewish education after they completed elementary school, and some began studying Talmud with Rabbi Moses Matlin in his Lower East Side apartment. Soon, in 1896, this group formally became an advanced yeshiva, covering high school years and beyond. Rabbi Yitzchak Elchanan Spektor, the chief rabbi of Kovno (later the capital of Lithuania), and widely considered the leading rabbi of Eastern Europe at the time, died in that year, and the yeshiva was named in his honor, as Yeshivat Rabbeinu Yitzchak Elchanan ("The Yeshiva of our Rabbi, Isaac Elchanan").  A year after it was founded, the yeshiva was formally chartered by New York State in 1897 as the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, which is known to this day by its acronym, RIETS. The first class of three rabbis was ordained in 1903.

Despite its name, RIETS began as a traditional Lithuanian yeshiva, not a rabbinical seminary, with classes focusing only on the traditional subjects of Talmud and Jewish law. However, many of the students desired careers as rabbis, and found themselves in competition with the graduates of the Jewish Theological Seminary, at that time still seen as an Orthodox school (it would later become the flagship institution of the Conservative Judaism movement), which, while not stressing the traditional subjects, taught its students practical rabbinics, homiletics, and related subjects, making them more attractive to synagogues seeking rabbis. The students of RIETS struck several times in the mid-1900s, demanding these subjects be taught. The board of directors eventually acceded to their requests, and RIETS continues, to this day, to have the somewhat unusual position of being both a traditional yeshiva, preparing its students for the traditional Orthodox semikha (ordination) by teaching a full curriculum of Talmud and Codes of Law, as well as a rabbinical seminary, teaching various practical rabbinics courses. Rabbinical students may also take courses, depending on their intended field of practice, leading to degrees in Jewish studies, Jewish education, or pastoral social work at other schools of Yeshiva University, while others, including those who intend to teach, focus more intensely on the traditional subjects such as Talmud. In the period following these changes, from 1906–1915, such prominent rabbis as Dr. Phillip Hillel Klein, Moses Zebulon Margolies, and Bernard Levinthal served as RIETS president.

Etz Chaim and RIETS, while separate schools, had a close relationship. There were a number of efforts to unite them, which finally succeeded in 1915, when they merged as the Rabbinical College of America. Both schools had each occupied a few locations on the Lower East Side, and now moved into a new building in the neighborhood. Shortly after the merger, the name reverted, for legal reasons, to RIETS, although the most common name used was simply "The Yeshiva." As a number of new Jewish elementary schools were opening at this time, Etz Chaim, the elementary division of the yeshiva, was phased out of existence over the course of the 1920s.

The first president of the newly merged school was Rabbi Bernard (Dov) Revel. Revel was young – thirty at the time – but already renowned as a scholar; he had been ordained in his teens in Lithuania and received his doctorate in Jewish studies (specifically, the relationship of Karaite Judaism to earlier Jewish groups) from Dropsie College (now merged into the University of Pennsylvania) in Philadelphia. His wife's family worked in the oil industry in Oklahoma, and he spent time managing their interests there as well for some time after he became president of the yeshiva before devoting himself to the latter position full-time.

In 1916, RIETS established the yeshiva's first high school (and the first Jewish high school in the United States), the Talmudic Academy (now known as the Marsha Stern Talmudical Academy). Along with traditional Talmud and other Jewish classes in the morning, MTA (as it is commonly known) taught, and continues to teach, a full curriculum of secular subjects in the afternoon. This not only set the pattern for all Jewish secondary (and even primary) schools that would be founded after it, but was to set the pattern for the Yeshiva as well as it founded new divisions. Later, Yeshiva would establish more high schools, in including the Central Yeshiva for Girls in Brooklyn (the first Jewish high school for girls), as well as another boys' high school in Brooklyn (BTA), and a girls' high school in Manhattan. (High schools, and a higher-level yeshiva, were also founded in Los Angeles, but they are now independent.) In the 1970s, the Brooklyn schools were merged into their Manhattan counterparts, and the girls' school was later moved to Queens, where it remains today.

Later growth
During one of Revel's absences in Oklahoma, Rabbi Meir Bar-Ilan, then head of the American branch of the Mizrachi religious Zionist movement, served as temporary president. He merged into the Yeshiva the Mizrachi's Teachers Institutes for Men and Women. The men's school eventually evolved into the Erna Michael College, today the Isaac Breuer College, an undergraduate men's Jewish studies division of Yeshiva

The women's school was eventually folded into Stern College for Women. In 1922, Rabbi Shlomo Polachek began to teach at RIETS, being recognized as the top Rosh Yeshiva (teacher of Talmud). When he died in 1928, he was succeeded by Rabbi Moshe Soloveichik.

TA provided a college-preparatory education, but there was no college for its graduates to continue their Jewish educations as well. In 1928, the Yeshiva established Yeshiva College, which provides both an upper-level yeshiva education as well as a secular university curriculum, awarding a bachelor's degree. It was starting at this time that Revel- and, later, other leaders of Yeshiva- began to develop their philosophy of the integration of religious and secular knowledge. Rabbinic education in RIETS, for those who choose it (most of the undergraduate men do not), now continues for a few years past graduation from college, leading to ordination, and continues further for a select few students. The school now became known as "Yeshiva College and RIETS."

Also in the late 1920s, Yeshiva left the Lower East Side and moved to its current location in Washington Heights, in upper Manhattan. The area centered on 185th Street and Amsterdam Avenue continues to be Yeshiva's main campus, containing the central administration offices, the main library, the undergraduate schools for men, the boys' high school, the rabbinical seminary, and other divisions.  The 1928 building, by Charles B. Meyers Associates, is an extravagant Moorish Revival architectural romance of domes, turrets, and towers done in orange stone, copper, brass and ceramic tiles.  It may be the only university campus to have been built in the Moorish revival style, a style widely in use in synagogues from the mid-nineteenth to mid-twentieth century. The Great Depression began at this time, and Yeshiva was faced with numerous financial difficulties, having to shelve its more extensive building plans in order to stay open. (The campus would not really expand until the 1960s.) Yeshiva established its first graduate school, in Jewish studies, in 1936. At this time, Revel began working to bring over from Europe numerous faculty, in both Jewish and secular subjects, in order to save them from the impending Holocaust.

1940s–present

First and second leaders
The graduate school was named in honor of Revel after his death, at the age of 55, in 1940. Shortly after, Moshe Soloveichik died as well; his place was taken by his son, Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, who would remain the Rosh Yeshiva for over forty years, teaching and ordaining thousands of rabbis.

Revel was succeeded in 1943 by Rabbi Dr. Samuel Belkin, also a European-born scholar, a graduate of Brown University, and a professor of Greek at Yeshiva College. Under Belkin, the institution began to expand greatly. University status was obtained in 1945, and over the following decades, many new schools and divisions were opened. Stern College for Women, providing both an advanced Jewish education and full undergraduate curriculum, was established in the 1950s (its campus is in Midtown Manhattan), as was the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, in the Bronx. Also established, among others, were a graduate school of education and the humanities (now the graduate school of psychology) and a graduate school of the sciences (now focusing on biomedical studies), a school of Jewish music for the training of cantors, and a division providing various services to the Jewish community at large. Belkin set in process the foundation of Cardozo Law School, which opened, in Greenwich Village, shortly after his death.

Diversification

In 1970, in order to comply with laws regarding government aid to sectarian institutions, Yeshiva, in a move that aroused considerable opposition by some, including Rabbi Soloveitchik, officially became a secular university, changing the status of RIETS (the rabbinical seminary), the high schools, and related divisions to "affiliates." However, the two parts of the institution remain very close, both in practice and officially on paper. In addition, the undergraduate schools, part of the officially secular university, continue to require a full course of Judaic studies from their students.  For the majority of male undergraduates, this means the standard Talmudic yeshiva curriculum, essentially an undergraduate school of RIETS, along with various courses in academic Jewish studies.  As a result of this policy, all of the undergraduate students are Jewish, and overwhelmingly Orthodox. Even in its more secular graduate schools, Yeshiva University is identifiably Jewish and Orthodox law is observed: for example, the schools are closed on the Sabbath and Jewish holidays and only kosher food is served.

Partly as a result of this, there is a higher than usual proportion of Orthodox students at these schools, although most students are non-Orthodox or non-Jewish. In addition, there are numerous Jewish-related programs and courses of study – for example, Jewish law classes at Cardozo Law School. On the other hand, conflicts have developed over the years of the exact definition of Yeshiva's educational and religious philosophy, and whether it is skewing too far either in the direction of secularism or fundamentalism, these conflicts often arising as a result of specific actions or events. The institution has thus worked continually to maintain the delicate balance inherent in its existence while advancing in both aspects of its character and synthesizing them.

Third leader
Belkin retired as president in 1975 and was appointed Chancellor. After Belkin died in 1976, Rabbi Norman Lamm was elected third president of Yeshiva University and, at the same time, president and Rosh Yeshiva of RIETS. Lamm was the first American-born president and was a graduate of Yeshiva himself: He received his undergraduate degree in chemistry from Yeshiva College, was ordained by RIETS, and received his doctorate (in Jewish philosophy) from the Revel graduate school. He was, at the time, rabbi in a Manhattan synagogue as well as a professor of philosophy at Yeshiva.

When Lamm took office Yeshiva was facing a serious financial crisis. As a result, some of the schools had to be consolidated or closed. More divisions were added: For example, the Sy Syms School of Business, with divisions for both the undergraduate men and wome was opened in 1988. At this time, many of the undergraduate students began to spend their first year (or more) studying in yeshivot and other schools in Israel], which has become an almost universal practice, and a Joint Israel Program regulating these studies was established to allow them to receive credit for this year at Yeshiva. RIETS also maintains a campus in Jerusalem, and many of the rabbinic students spend a year studying there as well. Over the course of Lamm's tenure, enrollment grew considerably to over 2000 undergraduate students. In addition to its undergraduate schools and affiliates, Yeshiva maintains graduate schools in Jewish studies, Jewish education and administration, social work, psychology, law, and medicine. There are over fifteen schools in total. In addition, numerous joint undergraduate-graduate programs with other schools in the New York area and beyond are maintained. The Yeshiva University Museum, an affiliate of the school, is now one of the components of the Center for Jewish History, located in downtown Manhattan.

Fourth leader
In 2002, following Lamm's retirement, Richard M. Joel was chosen as Yeshiva's fourth president. Joel, a graduate of MTA, holder of a law degree from New York University School of Law and a former dean of Cardozo, was head of Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Campus Life, which coordinates Jewish activities at universities around the United States. (Yeshiva University has no chapter of Hillel.) However, Joel, unlike his predecessors, is, while an Orthodox Jew, not a rabbi or Jewish scholar but a layman. There was some opposition to his selection at the time from the more religiously conservative elements of the school. Later, there was opposition to Joel's introduction of a new logo and mottos for the school; it was felt that these were an attempt to water down the university's mission of Torah U-Madda, synthesizing religious and worldly wisdom, which is the university's motto and is featured on its seal. However, Joel responded that the logo was meant as a supplement to, not a replacement of, the university seal, and that the new mottos were actually slogans; this controversy has diminished as well.

Joel is also the chief executive officer of RIETS (officially known as Chief Executive), but Rabbi Lamm serves as University Chancellor and Rosh Yeshiva of RIETS. While there has never been an official position of "top Rosh Yeshiva" at YU, and, in practice, there has not been an unofficial holder of this position since the death of Soloveitchik in 1993, Lamm, since his retirement, holds this title.

Under Joel's leadership, Yeshiva University's endowment was invested in high-risk investments, including the funds of Bernard Madoff. Losses of at least $110 million resulted.
In early 2014, Moody's lowered the school's bond rating by five steps to B1, junk bond level. To raise funds and cut costs, Yeshiva University has sold off real estate, and transferred control of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine to Montefiore Medical Center.

Joel has created the Yeshiva University Center for the Jewish Future, folding other programs, both from within and from outside YU, into it.

In December 2012, Joel apologized over allegations that two rabbis at the college's high school campus abused boys there in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Investigations into these allegations by The Jewish Daily Forward and a law firm hired by the university found "multiple instances in which the university either failed to appropriately act to protect the safety of its students or did not respond to the allegations at all." These allegations led to a 380 million dollar lawsuit by former students. The case has since been dismissed.

Fifth leader
Rabbi Dr. Ari Berman began his tenure as Yeshiva University’s fifth president in June 2017.
Dr. Berman has articulated a new business model with investments in key areas such as science and technology, entrepreneurship and innovation, values and leadership and market ready graduates. During his tenure, the university has introduced over 20 new graduate degrees in emerging fields including artificial intelligence, cyber security, physician assistant, biotech management, real estate management, special education, marriage and family therapy, MBA and Masters in Holocaust and Genocide Education. He established new academic centers such as the Emil A. and Jenny Fish Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies. These efforts have produced  growth in enrollment  as well as in philanthropic gifts including funding for the Shevet Glaubach Center for Career Strategy and Professional Development, the Innovation Lab, new physician assistant and occupational therapy labs as well as state of the art computer science labs. Under his leadership, Yeshiva University has risen 29 places in the U.S. News & World Report.
Dr. Berman is widely published in outlets such as Forbes, Newsweek, and the Wall Street Journal. Dr. Berman graduated with distinction from four of Yeshiva University’s schools. He earned his B.A. from Yeshiva College, his M.A. in Medieval Jewish Philosophy from the Bernard Revel Graduate School of Jewish Studies, and his rabbinical ordination from the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary (RIETS). His studies also included two years of learning at Yeshivat Har Etzion in Israel, under the tutelage of the seminal Jewish thinker and leader Rabbi Dr. Aharon Lichtenstein. After making aliyah to Israel in 2008, Dr. Berman completed his higher education with a Ph.D. in Jewish Thought at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, supervised by philosopher  Professor Moshe Halbertal.

References

Yeshiva University


Fierzë is a village and a former municipality in the Elbasan County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Belsh. The population at the 2011 census was 2,065. The municipal unit consists of the villages Hardhi, Fierzë, Cerrage and Kosovë.

References

Administrative units of Belsh
Former municipalities in Elbasan County
Villages in Elbasan County


Richard Steven Landes (born November 15, 1959) is an American politician. He served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1996 to 2020, representing the 25th district in the Blue Ridge Mountains, including parts of Albemarle, Augusta and Rockingham Counties. He currently serves as the elected Clerk of the Circuit Court for Augusta County. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Landes served as chairman of the House Education Committee and is the first non-attorney to serve as chairman and member of the Virginia Code Commission. In 2019, he announced his retirement and intention to run for clerk of court for Augusta County.

Landes was legislative assistant to Delegate Pete Giesen from 1988 to 1992 and district director and representative for U.S. Representative Bob Goodlatte from 1993 to 1995.

Electoral history

References

External links

1959 births
Living people
Republican Party members of the Virginia House of Delegates
Virginia Commonwealth University alumni
People from Augusta County, Virginia
Politicians from Staunton, Virginia
21st-century American politicians


Angela Narth is a Canadian writer and freelance literary reviewer.  She is best known for her work in children's fiction.

Biography
Angela Narth was born in Sudbury, Ontario to the late Joseph and Selina (Ena) LeBlanc and was raised in Québec until she moved west at the age of 23.  She is an actress and writer. Her acting credits include a wide range of roles in both television and film. She writes fiction as Angela K. Narth, and has also published non-fiction under the pseudonym Angela Murphy. She has a Master's Degree in Educational Psychology from the University of Ottawa and a bachelor's degree in Special Education and Anthropology from the University of British Columbia.

Following successive careers as teacher, school administrator, and university lecturer, Angela wrote her first children's book Simon With Two Left Feet, which was published in 2000.  Widely celebrated, the book was on the best-seller list for 47 consecutive weeks.  It was short-listed for the McNally Robinson Book of the Year for Young People in 2001, and received a Bronze International Moonbeam Award for Children's Fiction in 2007.  Simon With Two Left Feet has been re-written as a play for children and was presented for the first time by Fantasy Theatre for Children March 28 through April 5, 2009 at the Forrest Nickerson Theatre in Winnipeg.

The Very Last Ladybug War was published in 2001 along with its French-language version La toute derniere guerre de coccinelle. Fergus Prince of Frogs followed in 2003 and was short-listed for the McNally Robinson Book of the Year for Young People in that year. Her English-language children's books, published by GWEV Publishing, have been re-created in Picture-mation by Cinerio Entertainment and are available on DVD as well as in print form.

In 2005, Folklore Publishing of Edmonton published three of Angela's adult non-fiction books, Canadian Crimes & Capers, Great Canadians, and The Bathroom Book of Canadian Trivia under her pseudonym Angela Murphy.

References

Canadian children's writers
21st-century Canadian non-fiction writers
Writers from Greater Sudbury
Living people
Canadian women non-fiction writers
Canadian women children's writers
Year of birth missing (living people)


Fierzë may refer to several features in Albania:

 Fierzë, Elbasan, a village in the municipality of Belsh, Elbasan County
 Fierzë, Lezhë, a village in the municipality of Mirditë, Lezhë County
 Fierzë, Shkodër, a village in the municipality of Fushë-Arrëz, Shkodër County
 Fierzë, Kukës, a village in the municipality of Tropojë, Kukës County
 Fierza Reservoir
 Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station