Jozef Karel (13 September 1922 in Humenné – 26 September 2005 in Košice) was a Slovak football player and coach. A midfielder, he played for SAC Sečovce, Snaha Košice, Slávia Prešov, ŠK Bratislava and shortly for Red Star Saint-Ouen on a loan. He was selected to the France Football Top 20 Midfielders on the World in 1965.

Karel made one appearance for the First Slovak Republic in 1944 and seven appearances for the Czechoslovakia national team.

He started his managing career in Piešťany where he spent two years and he went on with his work in Prešov, Jednota Košice (he led to the First League), Slavoj Trebišov, Martin, C.D. Saprissa (he won the title) and Kuwait.

References

External links

1922 births
2005 deaths
Sportspeople from Humenné
Footballers from the Prešov Region
Slovak men's footballers
Czechoslovak men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Slovakia men's international footballers
Czechoslovakia men's international footballers
Dual men's international footballers
ŠK Slovan Bratislava players
Red Star F.C. players
Deportivo Saprissa managers
Slovak football managers
FC VSS Košice managers
Czechoslovak football managers
1. FC Tatran Prešov managers
Czechoslovak expatriate men's footballers
Czechoslovak expatriate football managers
Czechoslovak expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Expatriate football managers in Costa Rica


The Great North of England Railway (GNER) was an early British railway company.  Its main line, opened in 1841 was between York and Darlington, and originally it was planned to extend to Newcastle.

Mergers
In 1846 it was absorbed by the Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway. Soon afterwards, the combined company was renamed the York and Newcastle Railway. In 1847, this amalgamated with the Newcastle and Berwick Railway to form the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway and this amalgamated with other railways in 1854 to form the North Eastern Railway (NER).

Locomotives

Locomotive list

Notes
 GNER = Great North of England Railway
 NER = North Eastern Railway
 Names and NER numbers may not be in correct order (source is vague)

References

Further reading

Railway companies established in 1836
Railway lines opened in 1841
Railway companies disestablished in 1846
1836 establishments in England
North Eastern Railway (UK)
1846 disestablishments in England


Lumas is a village and a former municipality in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Kuçovë. The population at the 2011 census was 3,981.

References

Former municipalities in Berat County
Administrative units of Kuçovë
Villages in Berat County
Populated places disestablished in 2015


is a Japanese football manager and former professional player who played as a defensive midfielder. He made over 600 career appearances for Kashiwa Reysol and stayed with them for his entire career. He is currently first-team coach for J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol.

Playing career
Otani was born in Nagareyama on 6 November 1984. He joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol from youth team in 2003. He debuted in 2003 and played many matches as defensive midfielder from 2004. Although he became a regular player summer 2005, Reysol was relegated to J2 League end of 2005 season. In 2006, he played many matches as left side back and left side midfielder and was promoted to J1 in a year. From 2007, he played as regular left side back.

From Summer 2009, he was returned to his original position, defensive midfielder under new manager Nelsinho Baptista and played as regular defensive midfielder for a long time. Reysol also won the 2nd place in 2008 Emperor's Cup. However the club results were sluggish and was relegated to J2 end of 2009 season again. Reysol won the champions in 2010 season and was returned to J1 in a year. In 2011, Reysol won the champions in J1 League first time in the club history.

From 2012, Reysol won the champions in 2012 Emperor's Cup and 2013 J.League Cup.

Club statistics

Honours
Kashiwa Reysol
 J.League Division 1: 2011
 J.League Division 2: 2010, 2019
 J.League Cup: 2013
 Emperor's Cup: 2012
 Japanese Super Cup: 2012
 Suruga Bank Championship: 2014

References

External links

Profile at Kashiwa Reysol

1984 births
Living people
People from Nagareyama
Association football people from Chiba Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Kashiwa Reysol players
Men's association football midfielders


Trade Union Committee for Popular Resistance was an Egyptian organisation of local labour committees, mobilised during the 1956 Suez Crisis for the sake of national defense. In total around 50 local committees were organised, some with hundreds of members. The main leader of the movement was Yusuf Darwish. The Egyptian government was however wary of the formation of workers militias, especially since the movement was influenced by communists. On November 26, 1956, the law office of Darwish was closed by the government (but was re-opened soon afterwards, following protests). The committees were disbanded soon after the end of the war.

References

Suez Crisis
Trade unions in Egypt
Political organisations based in Egypt
Trade unions established in 1956
1956 establishments in Egypt


Hubert "Hubsi" von Meyerinck (23 August 1896 – 13 May 1971) was a German film actor. He appeared in more than 280 films between 1921 and 1970.

Biography
Meyerinck was born in Potsdam, Brandenburg, the son of Friedrich von Meyerinck (1858–1928), Hauptmann (Captain) in the Prussian Army. He grew up at his family's estates in the Province of Posen and attended the gymnasium secondary school in Godeberg. Having passed his Abitur exams, he was called up for military service as a cadet in World War I, but soon was dismissed due to a pulmonary disease.

In 1917 he gave his debut as a theatre actor at the Schauspielhaus in Berlin and from 1918 to 1920 continued his career at the Hamburg Kammerspiele. Back in Berlin he performed in avant-garde plays by Carl Sternheim, as well as in several revue entertainments and kabarett venues. Later he returned to classical theatre with engagements at the Deutsches Theater and the Lessing Theater, performing as The Imaginary Invalid, Mephistopheles, but also as Captain of Köpenick or as Meckie Messer in Brecht's Threepenny Opera.

From 1920 onwards, Meyerinck starred as a silent film actor, whereby he developed a distinctive appearance with his high forehead and moustache, often emphasizing his hypnotic expression by sporting a monocle. He was able to continue his career in the sound film era by his unmistakable rasping voice, which perfectly added to his physiognomy, having a standing order for scoundrels and charlatan roles.

Commonly identified as a homosexual he ran the risk to be imprisoned by the Nazi authorities like his friend Kurt von Ruffin, nevertheless, he performed in numerous entertainment films of Nazi cinema. After World War II, Meyerinck remained one of the busiest film actors in West German cinema. He starred as quirky official, devious noble or impostor in numerous film comedies, often together with Peter Alexander and young Ilja Richter but also in several Edgar Wallace films of the 1960s. The magazine Der Spiegel called Meyernick's role in numerous films a "comical Erich von Stroheim, who parodied Prussianism and made it ridiculous". He also continued as a theatre actor, from 1966 in the ensemble of the Thalia Theater in Hamburg.

Hubert von Meyernick made one of his few Hollywood film appearances in Billy Wilder's film satire One, Two, Three (1961), portraying in a memorable supporting role the penniless aristocrat Count Waldemar von und zu Droste-Schattenburg, who adopts Horst Buchholz for financial reasons. Meyernicks skills in English were rather limited, so he was dubbed by German-American character actor Sig Ruman. The Jewish Billy Wilder spoke about Meyernick in a 1997 interview with Der Spiegel: "I remember a gay actor, we called him Hubsi, Hubert von Meyernick. He never vaunted himself for that, but during the Kristallnacht he went along the Kurfürstendamm and called: If somebody among you is Jewish, follow me! He cached the people in his apartment. Yes, there were decent people, whose words you could believe, that it was hard to do resistance during that time. People like Meyernick were marvelous, wonderful."

Meyerinck died from heart failure in Hamburg. He is buried in the Schladen cemetery near Braunschweig.

Filmography

 Desire (1921) - Role (uncredited)
 Peter Voss, Thief of Millions (1921, part 1–7) - Gehilfe von Mann mit der Narbe
 The Lost Shoe (1923) - Minor Role
 Manon Lescaut (1926) - The Younger Bli
 People to Each Other (1926) - Feinschmecker
 The Flames Lie (1926) - Ein Liebhaber
 Aftermath (1926) - Heino
 Doña Juana (1928) - Dichter Don Alfonso
 The Old Fritz (1928, part 2) - Graf Cobenzl
 Beating Heart (1928) - 3. Ehemann
 Under the Lantern (1928) - Gustave Nevin
 The First Kiss (1928) - James Twist
 The Secret Courier (1928) - Duc d'Orléans
 The Burning Heart (1929)
 Diane (1929) - Tichon, Kammerdiener
 The Model from Montparnasse (1929) - Sleeper conductor
 Triumph of Love (1929) - Flemming
 Jenny's Stroll Through Men (1929) - Lorenz, Modezeichner
 Three Around Edith (1929) - Scherbe
 Ludwig II, King of Bavaria (1930)
 Love's Carnival (1930) - Benno von Klewitz - Leutnant
 The Flute Concert of Sanssouci (1930) - Attaché
 The Sacred Flame (1931) - (uncredited)
 The Theft of the Mona Lisa (1931) - Museumsführer
 My Wife, the Impostor (1931)
 Der Schlemihl (1931) - Baron Stechling
 The Company's in Love (1932) - Fritz Willner - Filmautor
 For Once I'd Like to Have No Troubles (1932) - Görner - Friseurgehilfe
 Der schwarze Husar (1932)
 The White Demon (1932) - Marquis d'Esquillon
 Contest (1932) - Schneckendorf
 When Love Sets the Fashion (1932) - Mr. Farell
 The Empress and I (1933) - Flügeladjutant
 Manolescu, Prince of Thieves (1933) - Der Kellner im Hotel Ritz
 Die Nacht der großen Liebe (1933) - Konsulatssekretär
 Ein gewisser Herr Gran (1933) - Hauptmann Gordon
  (1933) - 3. Gast Lissys
 Dream of the Rhine (1933) - Conny
 Her Highness the Saleswoman (1933) - Paul
 Des jungen Dessauers große Liebe (1933) - Graf von Syringen
 The Only Girl (1933)
 Tambour battant (1933)
 The Fugitive from Chicago (1934) - Werner Dux
 The World Without a Mask (1934) - E.W. Costa
 Frühlingsmärchen (1934) - Karlchen Wolf, Librettist aus Finsterwalde
 The Big Chance (1934) - Georg, ihr Sohn
 The Island (1934) - Graf Squeelen, erster Botschaftsrat
 A Woman Who Knows What She Wants (1934) - Lynge, Bankier
  (1934) - Prof. Mertens
 She and the Three (1935) - André Nicol
 Die Katz' im Sack (1935) - Louis Grevenelle
 Winter Night's Dream (1935) - Degenfels
 Everything for a Woman (1935) - Maxwell, ein dunkler Ehrenmann
 Ein falscher Fuffziger (1935) - Wallner, Betrüger
 Barcarolle (1935) - Lopuchin
 Ein Mädel aus guter Familie (1935) - Direktor Hollmann
 Last Stop (1935) - Marcel Steiner, Direktor des Salon 'Flora'
 Ein ganzer Kerl (1935) - Baron von Petersen
 The King's Prisoner (1935) - Von Beichlingen
 If It Were Not for Music (1935) - Kusjmitsch von Prschitschkin
 April, April! (1935) - Müller, Reisender
 Königstiger (1935) - Vicomte d'Aubert
 Hangmen, Women and Soldiers (1935) - Rittmeister Lensberg
 Es flüstert die Liebe (1935) - Lenoir
 Paul and Pauline (1936) - Apotheker Knullingen
 Stjenka Rasin (1936) - Borodin
 Family Parade (1936) - Vetter Max
 Orders Are Orders (1936) - Rittmeister von Schlackberg
 Fräulein Veronika (1936) - Theo
 Thou Art My Joy (1936) - Dr.Hofreuter - Lawyer
 Game on Board (1936) - Marquis de la Tour
 The Voice of the Heart (1937) - Kammerdiener der Prinzessin
 The Happiest Married Couple in Vienna (1937) - Oskar Brenner
 Don't Promise Me Anything (1937) - Dr. Elk
 Strife Over the Boy Jo (1937) - Monsieur Merminod
 The Irresistible Man (1937) - Marquis de Rossignol
 Ein Volksfeind (1937) - Redakteur Fink
 Fanny Elssler (1937) - Polizeipräfekt
 After Midnight (1938) - Ricin
 Frühlingsluft (1938) - Graf Rasumirksi
 Anna Favetti (1938) - Hotelgast
 The Deruga Case (1938) - Riedmüller
 So You Don't Know Korff Yet? (1938) - Reporter Droste (uncredited)
 The Night of Decision (1938) - Chef des Modesalons
 Women for Golden Hill (1938) - Tanzmanager
 Bel Ami (1939) - Redakteur Varenne
 The Leghorn Hat (1939) - Rosalba
 Salonwagen E 417 (1939) - Kuhlemanns Komplize
 Hello Janine! (1939) - Jean
 Wibbel the Tailor (1939) - Knillich
 Kitty and the World Conference (1939) - Carter
 Robert Koch (1939) - Fähnrich Graf
 A Woman Like You (1939) - Verkäufer im Sportgeschäft
 Maria Ilona (1939) - Pizzi, der Scherenschnittkünstler
 We Danced Around the World (1939) - 2. Theaterdirektor in Stockholm
 Der Weg zu Isabel (1940) - Bü-Bü
 Passion (1940) - Graf Christian
  (1940) - Auktionator
 Angelika (1940) - Kabarett-Direktor
 The Star of Rio (1940) - Monsieur Louis Borinage
 Golowin geht durch die Stadt (1940)
 Die Rothschilds (1940) - Baron Vitrolles
 Trenck, der Pandur (1940) - Herr von Sazenthal
 Das Herz der Königin (1940) - Sir John - d*er englische Gesandte
 Kora Terry (1940)
  (1940) - Ballettmeister Petit
 Venus on Trial (1941) - Dr.Knarre, Sachverständiger
  (1941) - Rat Haschke
 Was geschah in dieser Nacht (1941) - Werner Gebhardt
 Two in a Big City (1942)
 Weiße Wäsche (1942)
 Der große Schatten (1942) - Voß, Schauspieler
 Diesel (1942) - Herr von Lorrenz (uncredited)
 Ein Zug fährt ab (1942) - Frisör Schön
 Münchhausen (1943) - Prinz Anton Ulrich
 Leichtes Blut (1943) - Möllendorf
 Ich habe von dir geträumt (1944) - Empfangschef
 Der Mann, dem man den Namen stahl (1944) - Max Vieregg
 Shiva und die Galgenblume (1945)
 Das Mädchen Juanita (1945) - Verwandter des Konsul Henselings
 Tell the Truth (1946)
 In the Temple of Venus (1948) - Raimondo
 The Adventures of Fridolin (1948) - Der falsche Biedermann
 The Court Concert (1948)
 Blocked Signals (1948) - Der Baron
 The Great Mandarin (1949) - Chinesischer Staatsbeamter
 Love '47 (1949) - Direktor Engelbrecht
 Amico (1949) - Schwarz, Oberkellner
 Nothing But Coincidence (1949) - Schönheitssaloninhaber
 Artists' Blood (1949) - Ricardo Pisetti - Manager
 Kätchen für alles (1949) - Ein Herr
 The Murder Trial of Doctor Jordan (1949) - Wedekind
 The Blue Straw Hat (1949) - Ciapollini
 Der große Fall (1949) - Ein dunkler Ehrenmann
 Unknown Sender (1950) - Schmoll, Lehrer
 Who Is This That I Love? (1950) - Zauberer
 Kein Engel ist so rein (1950) - Mohrbutter
 My Niece Susanne (1950) - Oscar, Friseur
 Maharadscha wider Willen (1950) - Knirps - Generalsekretärs des Wunderfriseurs
 Love on Ice (1950) - Hoteldirektor Schabratzky
 The Man in Search of Himself (1950) - Direktor Cattoni
 Trouble in Paradise (1950)
 The Disturbed Wedding Night (1950) - Frank Betterton, Lawyer
 The Girl from the South Seas (1950)
 Die Sterne lügen nicht (1950) - Baron v. Malachowsky alias Emil Branske
 A Rare Lover (1950) - Poule, Verlege
 The Midnight Venus (1951) - Director Meyer
  (1951) - Neumann
 Engel im Abendkleid (1951)
 Hilfe, ich bin unsichtbar (1951) - Professor Orsini
 Das späte Mädchen (1951) - Buchhändler
 The Dubarry (1951) - Stranitzky, Schmierendirektor
 The Colourful Dream (1952) - Brandini
 The Thief of Bagdad (1952) - Hussa Hussa
 Klettermaxe (1952) - Dobnika
 That Can Happen to Anyone (1952) - Walputzke
 Weekend in Paradise (1952) - Empfangschef
 I'm Waiting for You (1952) - Studienrat Schwarze
 Traumschöne Nacht (1952) - Maroni, Theaterdirektor
 We'll Talk About Love Later (1953) - Herr Wilmar, Inhaber Kosmetik-Salon
 Heute nacht passiert's (1953) - Textilkaufmann Schulz
 Knall and Fall as Detectives (1953) - Stapler
 They Call It Love (1953) - Balancourt
 Not Afraid of Big Animals (1953) - Kunstreiter
 Fanfare of Marriage (1953) - Hornisse
 The Bogeyman (1953) - Hoteldirektor
 Columbus Discovers Kraehwinkel (1954)
 Maxie (1954) - Felix, Diener
 Keine Angst vor Schwiegermüttern (1954)
 Ten on Every Finger (1954) - Director des Lido
 Marriage Impostor (1954) - Meister Philippe
 The Missing Miniature (1954) - Tänzer
 The Blue Danube (1955) - Baron Philipp
 Music, Music and Only Music (1955) - Bieberich
 The Spanish Fly (1955)
 Ball at the Savoy (1955) - Max
 Love, Dance and a Thousand Songs (1955) - Director Winkler
 The Forest House in Tyrol (1955) - von Langer, Staatsanwalt
 Die Wirtin zur Goldenen Krone (1955) - Weckenberg
 IA in Oberbayern (1956) - Diener Fritz
 Die wilde Auguste (1956) - Baron von Freitag
 Dany, bitte schreiben Sie (1956) - Geschäftsführer Schnattke
 The Stolen Trousers (1956) - Signore Ricoli
 Hilfe - sie liebt mich (1956) - Direktor der "Elysée-Bar
 Küß mich noch einmal (1956) - Direktor Landinger
 The Captain from Köpenick (1956) - (uncredited)
 Santa Lucia (1956) - Tutu
 Zu Befehl, Frau Feldwebel (1956) - Kriegsgerichtsrat Kronberg
 Manöverball (1956) - Hauptmann Brothusen
 Sommerliebe am Bodensee (1957) - Oberkelalner
 Tolle Nacht (1957) - Herr Lemke, Schauspieler
 Tired Theodore (1957) - Wilhelm Schulze
 Two Bavarians in the Jungle (1957) - Jawassis
 Das Glück liegt auf der Straße (1957) - Generaldirektor Kartzer
 Siebenmal in der Woche (1957) - Füllkrug
 The Mad Bomberg (1957) - Pfarrer
 Weißer Holunder (1957) - Taddäus von Zylinski
 Träume von der Südsee (1957) - Kapitän
 Vacanze a Ischia (1957) - Colonnello Manfredi
 Heute blau und morgen blau (1957) - Sanitätsrat Schlucker
 Europas neue Musikparade 1958 (1957) - Wuttke
 Ferien auf Immenhof (1957) - Dr. Westkamp
 The Spessart Inn (1958) - Polizeimajor
  (1958) - Alfons Spadolini
 Rosemary (1958) - Kleye
 The Csardas King (1958) - Szegedy
 The Star of Santa Clara (1958) - Freddy
 Piefke, der Schrecken der Kompanie (1958) - Fürst Paul XIII. von Krakelsburg-Kummerstein
 Love, Girls and Soldiers (1958) - Major von Siebenstern
 Die Seeteufel von Angostura (1958)
 Skandal um Dodo (1959) - Graf Udo von Pleitenstein
 La Paloma (1959) - Direktor Bauer
 Bobby Dodd greift ein (1959)
 Melodie und Rhythmus (1959) - Orlando / Himself
 Der lustige Krieg des Hauptmann Pedro (1959) - Moritz von Persipan, Kriegsminister
 The Man Who Walked Through the Wall (1959) - Pickler - der Bürochef
 Salem Aleikum (1959) - Polizeichef Pierre Duval
 The Man in the Black Derby (1960) - Chef der russischen Atomdelegation
 The Haunted Castle (1960) - Oberregierungsrat von Teckel / Obrist von Teckel
  (1960) - Herzog
 Schlußakkord (1960)
 Mein Mann, das Wirtschaftswunder (1961)
 Festival (1961)
 The Adventures of Count Bobby (1961) - Mr. Cower
 The Secret Ways (1961) - Hermann Sheffler
 Junge Leute brauchen Liebe (1961) - Monsieur Terrier
 Ein Stern fällt vom Himmel (1961) - Adv. Diffenthal
  (1961) - Schulrat
 Robert and Bretram (1961) - Kriminalkommissar Wolf
 One, Two, Three (1961) - Count von Droste Schattenburg
 Freddy and the Millionaire (1961) - Direktor Walloschek
 The Turkish Cucumbers (1962) - Rubin y Soliman
 Der verkaufte Großvater (1962) - Friedrich Wilhelm Dünkelberg
 Das ist die Liebe der Matrosen (1962) - Freiherr von Mumpitz
 So toll wie anno dazumal (1962) - Mandler
 Wenn die Musik spielt am Wörthersee (1962) - Axel Bender, Evelyns Vater
 Wedding Night in Paradise (1962) - Gustav Säuerling, Bonbonfabrikant
 Das schwarz-weiß-rote Himmelbett (1962) - Oberst Pusslitz
 ...und ewig knallen die Räuber (1962) - Herr von Merlyn
 Das Kriminalmuseum (1963, TV Series) - Rittmeister a.D. von Rellstab
 Allotria in Zell am See (1963) - Hauptmann Hans Hajo von Gestern
 ...denn die Musik und die Liebe in Tirol (1963) - Oskar Ortshaus
 The Girl from the Islands (1964) - Direktor Dingelmeyer
 DM-Killer (1965) - Chief Prosecutor
 Neues vom Hexer (1965) - Judge Matthews
 Ich kauf' mir lieber einen Tirolerhut (1965) - Hubert Krempe
 The Sinful Village (1966) - Anwalt
 The Hunchback of Soho (1966) - General Edward Perkins
 Brille und Bombe - Bei uns liegen Sie richtig! (1967) - Der Hoteldirektor
 Glorious Times at the Spessart Inn (1967) - General Teckel
 When Ludwig Goes on Manoeuvres (1967) - von Below
 Im Banne des Unheimlichen (1968) - Sir Arthur
 Otto ist auf Frauen scharf (1968) - Dr. Zwyfalt
 The Gorilla of Soho (1968) - Sir Arthur
 Donnerwetter! Donnerwetter! Bonifatius Kiesewetter (1969) - Felix, Dekanatsfaktotum
 The Man with the Glass Eye (1969) - Sir Arthur
 Ein dreifach Hoch dem Sanitätsgefreiten Neumann (1969) - Oberstabsarzt Dr. Treppwitz
 Charley's Uncle (1969) - Most
 Dr. Fabian: Laughing Is the Best Medicine (1969) - General von Kottwitz
 When the Mad Aunts Arrive (1970) - Herr Storz
 Keine Angst Liebling, ich pass schon auf (1970) - Portier vom Hotel Central
  (1970) - Notar

References

External links

1896 births
1971 deaths
20th-century German male actors
German male film actors
German male silent film actors


The  were a class of two destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy by Yarrow Shipbuilders of Scotland. These were the last Japanese destroyers ordered from overseas shipyards. While still under construction, one ship was transferred to Italy in 1916.

Background
The failure of Japanese shipbuilders with the s left the Japanese navy without a large destroyer capable of extended blue ocean operations. The Parsons steam turbines of the Umikaze class were plagued with maintenance issues, as well as tremendous fuel consumption. The navy then returned to its previous mainstay for new technology and equipment, Yarrow shipyards in the United Kingdom, ordering two vessels to a new design in the 1911 fiscal budget.

However, Yarrow, along with other British shipyards, had a large backlog of orders, and it was not until 1915 that the new vessels could be completed, and due to the outbreak of World War I, not until 1919 before Urakaze was turned over to Japan.

Design
The Urakaze-class vessels made use of oil-fired Brown-Curtiss turbine engines, and had the distinction of being the first vessels built for Japan to be designed for use without coal. The initial design called for diesel engines, however, due to the outbreak of World War I, Yarrow could not obtain necessary gear components from Germany.

Armament was slightly less than that of the Umikaze class, with a single QF 4.7 inch Gun Mk I – IV mounted on the small forecastle forward of the bridge and four QF 3 inch 12 pounder guns, two amidships, one of the stern, and one mounted on a tall pedestal just aft of the smokestacks. The Urakaze class was also the first Japanese class of destroyers to use the 533-mm diameter torpedoes.

Operational history
Urakaze was turned over to the Imperial Japanese Navy too late to see combat service in World War I. It was used for many years in patrols on the Yangzi River. It was retired in 1936, and used as a training vessel for the Yokosuka Special Naval Landing Forces. It was sunk in an air attack by United States Navy aircraft on 18 July 1945.

Due to a strong request from the British government, Kawakaze was sold by Japan prior to completion to the Regia Marina of Italy. Italy was one of the Allies of World War I, and faced a severe shortage of modern warships. Kawakaze was completed as Audace, and later modified into the controller of the radio-controlled target ship , and saw considerable combat service in the Mediterranean. During World War II, the ship was captured by the German Kriegsmarine, and renamed TA20. The vessel was sunk during the action of 1 November 1944 near Pag Island in the Adriatic Sea.

Ships

Notes

References

External links

 Materials of IJN: Urakaze class destroyer

Destroyer classes


Nikolaos Zorbas (; 1844–1920) was a Greek soldier, most notable as the nominal leader of the Military League which organized the Goudi coup in 1909.

Life
His family was from Magnesia in Asia Minor and he was born in Athens. After studying at the Hellenic Military Academy, he finished his studies in France and Belgium. He fought during the Greco-Turkish War (1897), and in 1909, as a colonel, he was chosen as the leader of the clandestine Military League. After the league organized the Goudi coup in August 1909, he was appointed Minister of Military Affairs in the Stephanos Dragoumis government and retired in 1911 as a Major General.

Zorbas died in Athens.

1844 births
1920 deaths
Military personnel from Athens
Ministers of Military Affairs of Greece
Greek colonels
Hellenic Army officers
Greek military personnel of the Greco-Turkish War (1897)
Recipients of the Legion of Honour


The Lebanese Special Operations Command (LSOCOM) ( Kiyadat al Kouwat al Khasa al Loubnanya) is the joint Special Operations command of the Lebanese Armed Forces which groups Lebanon's elite units. The command is part of the Lebanese Armed Forces.

Background

The command was founded as a result of the lessons the army learned in the Nahr el Bared Operation.  The Lebanese Special Forces spearheaded the attack on the camp in which 169 soldiers died and were the workhorse in the battle and the key to the success of the campaign. Nahr el Bared was the first occasion where these regiments were able to prove themselves capable, especially at counter-terrorism operations, which prompted the Lebanese Army Command to start planning to expand them.

Structure
The LSOCOM includes Lebanon's 4 Special Forces Regiments:
 Marine Commandos Regiment
 Commando Regiment (Also known as the Maghaweer)
 Lebanese Air Assault Regiment
 Counter-Sabotage (Moukafaha) Branch and the Strike Force (Kouwa el-Dareba) Anti-Terrorism Branch

Future
At formation, the size of the force was around 5,000 soldiers; however, the plan is to build a force the size of two to three brigades.

See also
 Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Lebanon

References

Military units and formations of Lebanon
Counterterrorism
Military units and formations established in 2008


The 2008–2009 Cyclo-cross Superprestige events and season-long competition takes place between 12 October 2008 and 12 February 2009. Eight events are organised.

Results

Men

Season standings
In each race, the top 15 riders gain points, going from 15 points for the winner decreasing by one point per position to 1 point for the rider finishing in 15th position.

See also
 2008–2009 UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup
 2008–2009 Cyclo-cross Gazet van Antwerpen

External links
 Cyclo-cross.info
 Official website

S
S
Cyclo-cross Superprestige


The Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE Group) was the liberal–centrist political group of the European Parliament from 2004 until 2019. It was made up of MEPs from two European political parties, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party and the European Democratic Party, which collectively form the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.

The ALDE Group traced its unofficial origin back to September 1952 and the first meeting of the Parliament's predecessor, the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community. Founded as an explicitly liberal group, it expanded its remit to cover the different traditions of each new Member State as they acceded to the Union, progressively changing its name in the process. Its immediate predecessor was the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party Group (ELDR).

The ALDE Group was the fourth-largest group in the Eighth European Parliament term, and previously participated in the Grand Coalition (the coalition designed to provide a majority) during the Sixth Parliament (2004–2009). The pro-European platform of ALDE was in support of free market economics and pushed for European integration and the European single market.

On 12 June 2019, it was announced that the successor group in alliance with La République En Marche! would be named Renew Europe.

History

The ALDE Group traced its unofficial ancestry back to the Liberal members present at the first meeting of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (the Parliament's predecessor) on 10 September 1952, but the Group was officially founded as the Group of Liberals and Allies on 23 June 1953.

As the Assembly grew into the Parliament, the French Gaullists split from the Group on 21 January 1965 and the Group started the process of changing its name to match the liberal/centrist traditions of the new member states, firstly to the Liberal and Democratic Group in 1976, then to the Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group on 13 December 1985, then to the Group of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party on 19 July 1994 to match the European political party of the same name.

In 1999, the Group partnered with European People's Party–European Democrats (EPP-ED) group to form the Grand Coalition for the Fifth Parliament. The customary split of the Presidency of the European Parliament between Groups in the Coalition meant that the Group achieved its first President of the European Parliament on 15 January 2002, when Pat Cox was elected to the post to serve the latter half of the five-year term. The Group lost its Grand Coalition status after the 2004 elections.

On 13 July 2004, the Group approved a recommendation to unite with MEPs from the centrist political party at the European level called the European Democratic Party (EDP) founded by François Bayrou's Union for French Democracy, the Labour Party of Lithuania and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy of Italy.

The Group accordingly became the Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) on 20 July 2004, to match the eponymous transnational political alliance, although the two European-level parties remained separate outside the European Parliament. The MEP Graham Watson of the British Liberal Democrats became the first chair of ALDE.

In May 2019, speaking at a debate leading up to the 2019 European Parliament election, ALDE President Guy Verhofstadt announced that following the election, the group intended to dissolve and form a new, centrist alliance with Emmanuel Macron's "Renaissance" list.

Membership

Membership by party in Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Parliaments
The national parties that are members of ALDE are as follows:

Membership at formation
In September 1952, the third-largest grouping in the Common Assembly was the Liberal grouping with 11 members. The Group of Liberals and Allies was officially founded on 23 June 1953. By mid-September 1953, it was again the third-largest Group with 10 members.

Structure

Subgroups
ALDE was a coalition of liberal and centrist MEPs. It did not have formal subgroups, although the MEPs fell naturally into two informal subgroups, depending on whether they associated with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party or the European Democratic Party.

Organisation
The Bureau was the main decision making body of the ALDE Group and is composed of the leaders of the delegations from each member state that elects ALDE MEPs. The Bureau oversaw the ALDE Group's main strategy and policies and was headed by a chair (referred to as the Leader). The day-to-day running of the Group was performed by its secretariat, led by its Secretary-General.

The senior staff of ALDE as of July 2012 were as follows:

The chairs of ALDE and its predecessors from 1953 to 2019 are as follows:

Academic analysis
Along with the other political groups, ALDE has been analysed by academics on its positions regarding various issues. In short, it's a group of cohesive, gender-balanced centrist Euroneutrals that cooperate most closely with the EPP, are ambiguous on hypothetical EU taxes and supportive of eventual full Turkish accession to the European Union.

References

External links
 Archives of the Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, at the Historical Archives of the European Union
 ALDE Group in the European Parliament (official website)

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
European Parliament party groups
Main


Forever Version is the debut album from Jamaican reggae deejay Dennis Alcapone. It was released in 1971 by Studio One, and features Alcapone toasting over some of the label's greatest hits. The album was engineered by Sylvan Morris who left large parts of the original vocal tracks in the mix, with Alcapone appearing to answer back to the singers. Tracks which formed the basis for the album include Larry Marshall's "Nanny Goat" (on "Nanny Goat Version"), The Cables' "Baby Why", Carlton and The Shoes' "Love Me Forever" ("Forever Version"), two tracks from The Heptones ("Baby Version" and "Sweet Talking Version"), and one from The Wailers ("Dancing Version"). The album was reissued by Heartbeat Records on compact disc in 1991, and again in an expanded form in 2007, with six bonus tracks.

Track listing

Original release

2007 Deluxe Edition

References

1971 debut albums
Albums produced by Coxsone Dodd
Dennis Alcapone albums


is a Japanese former professional footballer who played as a defender.

National team career
In June 2005, Kobayashi was selected Japan U-20 national team for 2005 World Youth Championship. At this tournament, he played full time in all 4 matches as defensive midfielder.

Club statistics

Honours

Club
Kashiwa Reysol
J2 League: 2010

Yokohama F. Marinos
Emperor's Cup: 2013

References

External links

Profile at Sagan Tosu

1985 births
Living people
People from Hamura, Tokyo
Association football people from Tokyo Metropolis
Japanese men's footballers
Japan men's youth international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Kashiwa Reysol players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Sagan Tosu players
Criacao Shinjuku players
Men's association football defenders


Gisela Hahn (born Gisela Drenkhan; 13 May 1943) is a German film actress. She has appeared in more than 40 films since 1964. She was born in Briesen.

Selected filmography

 The Merry Wives of Tyrol (1964) - Reni
 In Bed by Eight (1965) - Schülerin
 DM-Killer (1965) - Püppi
 Neues vom Hexer (1965) - Susan Copperfield
 Who Wants to Sleep? (1965)
 Kommissar X – In den Klauen des goldenen Drachen (1966) - Stella
 Spy Today, Die Tomorrow (1967) - Meisje
 Sladky cas Kalimagdory (1968) - Marta
 Revenge (1969) - Milly
 La servante (1970) - Karin
 They Call Me Trinity (1970) - Sarah
 Gradiva (1970)
 Arriva Durango... paga o muori (1971) - Margot
 Tiger Gang (1971) - Jacky Clay
 Quando gli uomini armarono la clava e... con le donne fecero din don (1971) - Sissi
 Long Live Your Death (1971) - Orlowsky's Wife
 Zambo, il dominatore della foresta (1972) - Grace Woodworth
 César and Rosalie (1972) - Carla
 Incensurato provata disonestà carriera assicurata cercasi (1972) - Moglie di zaccherin
 Emil and the Piglet (1973) - Lärarinnan
 Es knallt - und die Engel singen (1974) - Jennifer Adam
 Commissariato di notturna (1974) - The German Girl
 Julia (1974) - Myriam
 White Fang to the Rescue (1974) - Katie
 Chi ha rubato il tesoro dello scia? (1974)
 Substitute Teacher (1975) - Gym Teacher
 Victory March (1976)
 The Loves and Times of Scaramouche (1976) - Babette
 A Common Sense of Modesty (1976) - Ursula Kerr
 Le seminariste (1976) - Annalisa - the au-pair Girl
 Mister Scarface (1976) - Clara
 Battaglie negli spazi stellari (1978) - Dr. Helen Parker
 Ernesto (1979) - Mother of Ilio and Rachele (uncredited)
 Disco Fieber (1979)
 White Pop Jesus (1980) - Stella Young
 Palermo or Wolfsburg (1980) - Brigittes Mutter
 Contamination (1980) - Perla de la Cruz
 El caníbal (1980) - Jane
 Forest of Love (1981)
 Banana Joe (1982) - Woman in Perfume Advertisement
  (1982) - Angela

References

External links

1943 births
Living people
People from Wąbrzeźno
People from West Prussia
German film actresses
20th-century German actresses


Jacob Earl "Jake" Fickel (January 31, 1883 – August 7, 1956) was a general officer and an instructor of aviation in the United States Army. He served as a private, corporal and sergeant, prior to being commissioned an officer and rising to the rank of major general.

Military career
Fickel was born in Des Moines, Iowa, on January 31, 1883. He enlisted in the Regular Army when he was 21 years old. He served as a private, corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant of Company K, 27th Infantry of the United States Army. He was stationed at Fort Hayes, Fort Sheridan, and Fort Leavenworth. In 1907, Fickel was commissioned as a second lieutenant of Infantry. He then joined the 29th Infantry at Fort Douglas. In August of that year, the regiment went to the Philippine Islands, where Fickel served at Fort William McKinley with Second Lieutenant Henry H. Arnold. In 1909, he returned to the United States and was stationed at Fort Jay on Governors Island in New York Harbor. He was there through 1911. He then went to Fort Niagara until November 1913.

Fickel returned to the Philippine Islands for a second tour with the 13th Infantry. He served at Fort William McKinley again, and at Camp McGrath, until March 1917. He was then assigned to duty as an instructor at the Officers Training Camp at Fort Benjamin Harrison, where he remained until November of that year. Fickel was then ordered to Washington, D.C., for duty with the headquarters of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps. He served there until May 1918.

Fickel was next ordered to Rockwell Field in California as a student officer at the flying school. Upon completion of his course in November 1918, he assumed command of Carruthers Field in Texas, where he remained until January 1919. Fickel was then ordered back to Washington, where he served in the Office of the Chief of Air Service until March 1921. His next duty was with the Spruce Production Corporation of Portland, Oregon, until the summer of 1922. He then returned to Washington for a two-year tour of duty as Chief of the Supply Division of the Air Service.

In June 1925, Fickel graduated from the Air Corps Technical School at Langley Field. In June 1926, he graduated with honors from the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth. His next served as executive officer of the Materiel Division at McCook Field until 1930, with the exception of a three-month period in 1927, during which he attended the Air Corps Advanced Flying School at Kelly Field in Texas.

Fickel then attended the Army War College in Washington, D.C. He graduated in June 1931. His next duty was as Chief of the Buildings and Grounds Division in the Office of the Chief of Air Corps, also in Washington. He was there until January 1935. From February 1935 to June 1936, Fickel was Commandant of the Air Corps Advanced Flying School at Kelly Field. His was next Air Officer of the Ninth Corps Area, with headquarters at the Presidio of San Francisco, California, until March 1939, when he was assigned to command the 1st Wing, General Headquarters Air Force at March Field in California. In February 1940, he was appointed Assistant Chief of Air Corps in Washington, D.C. Fickel was assigned to Riverside, California, in 1940, as Air District Commander, becoming the first Commanding General of the Fourth Air Force on December 18, 1940. He was reassigned to command the District No. 3 (Western) Technical Training Command, Oklahoma, on March 5, 1942. He retired in 1946 in San Antonio, Texas. Fickel died of a heart attack while visiting his son in Wiesbaden, Germany, on August 7, 1956.

Aerial gunnery pioneer

Fickel became the first aerial gunner in America. These experiments led to low-recoil machine guns. Soon thereafter, machine guns were added to planes for air-to-ground attack and air-to-air fighting. The first airplane machine guns were patented by Samuel Neal McClean|de. McClean sold his rights to the Automatic Arms Company in late 1910. Isaac Newton Lewis, working for the company, later improved the technology on this airplane machine gun system. The first use of an airplane machine gun in combat was in August 1914, with the first recorded airplane shot down in air-to-air fighting in October of that year. By 1915, air combat was an integral part of fighting in World War I.

References

Sources

Further reading

1883 births
1956 deaths
Air Corps Tactical School alumni
American aerospace engineers
Aviation pioneers
Aviators from Iowa
People from Des Moines, Iowa
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
United States Army Air Forces generals
United States Army Air Service pilots of World War I
United States Army Air Forces generals of World War II
Military personnel from Iowa


Crescent Beach in Lockeport, Nova Scotia, Canada is a white sand beach causeway that connects the peninsula of Lockeport to mainland Nova Scotia. Due to the town's proximity to the beach and closeness to major shipping lanes, Lockeport is often referred to as the 'Beachtown of the North Atlantic'. Crescent Beach was featured on the Canadian 1954 series fifty-dollar bill. The scenery on the bill depicts a stormy day at Ginger Hill.

Crescent Beach Centre
The Crescent Beach is also home to an interpretative centre. Its displays include a history of the town, First nation's fishing techniques, and a collection of marine oddities, such as swordfish eyes, and shark jaws. There is a selection of artifacts on hand, and there are also a number of interactive exhibits for children and adults.

In addition to the interpretive centre, the Crescent Beach Centre is also home to a visitor information centre.

Beaches of Nova Scotia


Otllak is a village and a former municipality in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Berat. The population at the 2011 census was 9,218.

References

Former municipalities in Berat County
Administrative units of Berat
Villages in Berat County
Populated places disestablished in 2015


The 78th edition of the KNVB Cup (at the time called Amstel Cup) started on August 12, 1995. The final was played on May 16, 1996: PSV beat Sparta 5–2 and won the cup for the seventh time. A total of 60 clubs participated.

Teams
 All 18 participants of the Eredivisie 1995-96, four of which entering in the knock-out stage
 All 18 participants of the Eerste Divisie 1995-96
 22 teams from lower (amateur) leagues
 Two youth teams

Group stage
The matches of the group stage were played between August 12 and September 16, 1995. 56 clubs participated, 28 advanced to the next round.

E Eredivisie; 1 Eerste Divisie; A Amateur teams

Knock-out Stage

First round
The matches of the first knock-out round were played on November 28, 29 and 30, 1995. The four highest ranked Eredivisie clubs from last season entered the tournament this round.

E four Eredivisie entrants

Round of 16
The matches of the round of 16 were played on January 24, 1996.

Quarter finals
The quarter finals were played on February 28, 1996.

Semi-finals
The semi-finals were played on April 6, 1996.

Final

PSV would participate in the Cup Winners' Cup

See also
Eredivisie 1995-96
Eerste Divisie 1995-96

External links
 Results by Ronald Zwiers

1995-96
1995–96 domestic association football cups
1995–96 in Dutch football


Sifet Podžić (born 1 May 1959) is a Bosnian politician and former Army commander who served as Minister of Defence from 2019 to 2023. He has been a member of the Democratic Front since 2013.

Podžić is a former member of the national House of Peoples and the first Chief of Joint Staff of the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He has also served as the Bosnia and Herzegovina Ambassador to Bulgaria.

Early life and education
Podžić was born in Žepa, present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, on 1 May 1959. He holds a degree in diplomacy from the Faculty of Political Science at the University of Sarajevo.

Minister of Defence (2019–2023)

Appointment

On 23 December 2019, Podžić was appointed by the Democratic Front as Minister of Defence in the government of Zoran Tegeltija.

Tenure
On 14 July 2021, Podžić and the Bosnian Foreign Minister Bisera Turković met with NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg in Brussels.

In August 2021, Bosnian Presidency members Željko Komšić and Šefik Džaferović, without including third member Milorad Dodik, instructed the Ministry of Security to be available for putting out the wildfires in Herzegovina which had formed a few days before. This came after Dodik refused to give consent on the Bosnian Armed Forces to use its military helicopters to help in putting out the fires, because the consent of all three members of the Presidency is required for the military force's helicopters to be used. On 19 August, Dodik justified himself saying that the "Helicopters are 40–50 years old. The people flying them have courage. Of course, that is not the only reason why I did not participate in the Presidency sessions. That reason is well known and it will remain so." However, on 23 August, Podžić reacted to Dodik's statement, saying "The helicopters are perfectly fine, the only reason they didn't help in putting out the fires is Dodik."

In October 2021, Podžić canceled a military exercise between the Serbian Army and the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina due to the "bad COVID-19 epidemiological situation in the country and because of the small number of vaccinated members of the Armed Forces." This was met with outrage by Chairman of the Council of Ministers Zoran Tegeltija, who sent a request for the removal of Podžić as minister to the national Parliament. Some days later, he submitted the decision on the dismissal of Podžić to the House of Representatives. On 26 October, the majority of the House of Representatives members voted against Tegeltija's decision and did not support Podžić's dismissal.

Podžić was succeeded as Minister of Defence by Zukan Helez on 25 January 2023, following the formation of a new government presided over by Borjana Krišto.

Personal life
Podžić is married and has two children. Besides his native Bosnian, he speaks English and Slovene fluently.

Health
On 17 October 2022, Podžić was rushed to hospital and had emergency surgery to remove a blood clot in his abdominal aorta. He was placed into the intensive care unit the next day. Podžić recovered and was discharged from hospital on 21 October.

References

External links
Minister of Defence profile

1959 births
Living people
Academic staff of the University of Sarajevo
Military of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ambassadors of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Bulgaria
Members of the House of Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Government ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Defence ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina


Philip Hamburger is an American legal scholar. Hamburger holds a Juris Doctor from Yale Law School (1982) and a Bachelor of Arts from Princeton University (1979).

Hamburger is the Maurice and Hilda Friedman Professor of Law at the Columbia University School of Law.  He is a legal historian and a scholar of constitutional law.  Before moving to Columbia, Hamburger was John P. Wilson Professor at the University of Chicago Law School, where he was also director of the Bigelow Program and the Legal History Program. He was previously Oswald Symyster Colclough Research Professor at George Washington University Law School and, before that, he taught at the University of Connecticut Law School.  He has been a visiting professor at the University of Virginia Law School and was the Jack N. Pritzker Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at Northwestern Law School.  Early in his career, he was an associate at the law firm of Schnader, Harrison, Segal & Lewis LLP in Philadelphia. In 2017, Philip founded the New Civil Liberties Alliance, which describes itself as a nonpartisan, nonprofit civil rights group which protects constitutional freedoms from violations by the Administrative State.

Scholarship

Hamburger is a leading scholar of the First Amendment who has studied "Jefferson's thinking and actions with respect to matters of church and state".  He is known for arguing that "the First Amendment, originally thought to limit the government, has been increasingly interpreted by the Court to mean limiting religion and confining it to the private sphere."

Hamburger has criticized Justice Hugo Black, who served on the Supreme Court 1937 to 1971, arguing that Black's views on the need for separation of Church and State were deeply tainted by prominent roles in the Ku Klux Klan, which, beyond its well-known role as an anti-Black extremist hate group, also harbored extreme anti-Catholic views. Hamburger relies on Black's biographers who say he was a KKK member and actively campaigned for Senate in 1926 at nearly all of Alabama's 148 KKK Klaverns, where he attacked the Catholic Church. Biographer Newman quotes his campaign manager as saying Black "could make the best anti-Catholic speech you ever heard."

Publications

 Purchasing Submission: Conditions, Power, and Freedom (Harvard University Press, 2021)
 Liberal Suppression:  Section 501(c)(3) and the Taxation of Speech, University of Chicago Press (2018)
 Is Administrative Law Unlawful? (University of Chicago Press, 2014)
 "Beyond Protection," Columbia Law Review (2009)
 Law and Judicial Duty (Harvard University Press, 2008) excerpt and text search
 Separation of Church and State (Harvard University Press, 2002)
 "Religious Liberty in Philadelphia," Emory Law Journal (2005)
 "The New Censorship:  Institutional Review Boards," Supreme Court Review (2004)
 Separation of Church and State (Harvard U.P,. 2004)  excerpt and text search
 "More is Less," Virginia Law Review (2004)
 "Law and Judicial Duty," George Washington Law Review (2003)
 "Liberality," Texas Law Review (2002)
 "Revolution and Judicial Review:  Chief Justice Holt's Opinion in City of London v. Wood," Columbia Law Review (1994)

References

Further reading
 Peter Steinfels, "Beliefs; Behind the concept of the separation of church and state, a scholar finds some unsettling origins," []1131F935A35754C0A9649C8B63 New York Times, July 6, 2002 ]

Columbia University faculty
Living people
American legal scholars
Scholars of constitutional law
Princeton University alumni
Yale Law School alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)


Poshnjë is a village and a former municipality in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Dimal. The population at the 2011 census was 7,375.

References

Administrative units of Dimal, Albania
Former municipalities in Berat County
Villages in Berat County
Populated places disestablished in 2015


James Aspinall Turner (1797 – 28 September 1867) was a British businessman, entomologist and Whig politician.

He was the son of John Turner of Mayfield, near Bolton, and his wife, Elizabeth Aspinall of Liverpool. He was a descendant of John Turner who had fought against the Old Pretender in 1715.

Turner was a prominent cotton manufacturer and merchant in Manchester. He made his home at Pendlebury Hall and was a magistrate and deputy lieutenant of Lancashire. In 1845, he formed the Manchester Commercial Association. The association, of which he was president, was a protectionist body that broke away from the pro-free trade Manchester Chamber of Commerce.

In the mid-nineteenth century the parliamentary borough of Manchester was represented by two Radical members of parliament, John Bright and Thomas Milner Gibson. In order to unseat them the Conservative Party stood aside at the 1857 general election and Turner and John Potter were elected as  "Palmerstonian Whigs". In 1858 he was appointed a member of the royal commission on army clothing. He stood down from parliament at the 1865 general election.

Apart from his business and political activities, Turner was a renowned entomologist. He founded the Manchester Field Naturalist Club, and was a member of the Royal Entomological Society. He was chairman of the committee of Manchester New College (now Harris Manchester College, Oxford) from 1840 to 1852.

J A Turner died in London in September 1867, aged 70.

Legacy
Turner is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of African gecko, Chondrodactylus turneri.

Wrote "Remarks on the Linnaean Order of Insects" in 1827. See Canadian Entomologist, 1926, Vol. 58 #12, pg. 287 for review of book by Weiss.

References

External links

1797 births
1867 deaths
Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1857–1859
UK MPs 1859–1865
People from Bolton
People from Pendlebury
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Manchester
People associated with Harris Manchester College, Oxford


Lyme Regis railway station was the terminus of the Lyme Regis branch line in the west of the English county of Dorset. Serving the coastal resort town of Lyme Regis, it was sited high above the town centre as a result of the hilly nature of the local area. The line straddled the county boundary so that although the terminus was in Dorset most of the line lay in the neighbouring county of Devon.

History

Opened under the Light Railways Act 1896, it was operated from the start by the London and South Western Railway. The line then passed on to the Southern Railway in 1923 and the Southern Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948. It was then transferred to the Western Region in 1963, but the station and branch line were closed by the British Railways Board in November 1965.

Buildings

A small wooden building served the single platform. The station also had a signal box and engine shed, and a small goods shed.

The station closed with the branch in 1965.

The site today

The former site is now a small industrial estate. The station building was moved to Alresford on the Watercress Line, a heritage line in nearby Hampshire.

References

 Lyme Regis station on navigable 1946 O. S. map
Lyme Regis station on Sub Brit

Disused railway stations in Dorset
Former London and South Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1903
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1965
Beeching closures in England
Lyme Regis


Blagaj is a historic village and protected heritage site in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the south-eastern region of the Mostar basin, in the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton. It stands at the edge of Bišće plain and is one of the most valuable mixed urban and rural built environments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, distinguished from other similar built environments in its urban layout. Blagaj was most likely named for its mild weather patterns since blaga in Serbo-Croatian means "mild".
Blagaj is situated at the spring of the Buna river and a historical tekke (tekija or Dervish monastery). The Blagaj Tekija was built around 1520, with elements of Ottoman architecture and Mediterranean style and is considered a national monument. Blagaj Tekke is a monastery built for the Dervish.

Sources
Vrelo Bune, the source of the Buna river, is a strong karstic spring. The river flows west for approximately  and joins the Neretva near the village Buna. The historic site of the Blagaj Fort (also Stjepan-grad or Stipan-grad), on the hill above Blagaj, was the seat of Grand Duke of Bosnia, Stjepan Vukčić, and the birthplace of Bosnian queen Katarina Kosača-Kotromanić.

History

During the classical antiquity there existed an Illyrian fortress and a Roman castrum. During the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian, several fortified towns were built in the area. Blagaj was mentioned in Constantine Porphyrogenitus’ work De Administrando Imperio as Bona, then part of Zahumlje (Hum).

In the late 12th century, during the rule of Stefan Nemanja (Grand Principality of Serbia), prefect Jurko raised a church dedicated to saints Cosmas and Damian. In the 14th century, during the reign of Bosnian Ban Stjepan II Kotromanić, Hum became part of the Bosnian state. In the 15th century Sandalj Hranić Kosača and his nephew Stephen Vukčić Kosača ruled the Hum and Blagaj territory until the arrival of the Ottomans in 1466. Blagaj is also known as a residential area of Bosnian rulers and particularly of royal families Hranić and Kosača.

In historical sources Blagaj was first mentioned in 1423. During the period of the Ottoman Empire, Blagaj was the seat of the Blagaj Vilayet, and was divided into several neighborhoods. The city had seven mosques, two inns, four musafirhana (guest houses), a madrasa (Bosnian: medresa), two maktab, seven mills and four stone bridges on the river Buna. Bosniaks were majority until 1835, during the Austro-Hungarian period Christians constituted twice as many. An Orthodox Church was built in 1893 and a Roman Catholic church in 1908.

Architecture
The earliest Blagaj settlement was located at the foot of the Blagaj fort, where the road runs down from the fort and intersects with the Nevesinje road. There was too little trade for a commercial centre to emerge and in an agricultural environment of this kind the circumstances did not give rise to an urban settlement. The urbanization of the area (in the form we know today) was defined in the second half of the 15th century, and its structure was shaped during the 16th century.

Historical sources frequently refer to mediaeval fortress Blagaj Fort (Stjepan grad) as a distinct territorial entity. During the Ottoman period construction of buildings was initiated in the fortress outskirts (houses and public edifices.
The residential areas were formed as urban quarters or mahalas, with buildings facing inwards - onto their courtyards. Resident complexes display evidence of a high standard of living and  the Velagić house complex is one of the most valuable of this type in Herzegovina. The town mostly developed along the right bank of river Buna because the left bank is somewhat steeper and less suitable for construction.

Public buildings were positioned quite deliberately within the urban structure as a whole.  Among the first edifices was  the Careva (Imperial) mosque constructed in 1521, which helped the settlement acquire the status of kasaba. It was followed by the construction of Karađoz-beg bridge from 1570 and then the Leho bridge.
Using bold structural solutions played a vital role in architecture of Blagaj: addition of pillars and vaults, along with other structural elements, is quite evident.  Barrel vaults, which were common in mosques, the tekke and the hammam – were raised to a high degree of perfection and made an entirely free ground plan possible.  The synchronization of artisan crafts and construction techniques on the one hand and the development of the settlement on the other has left a mark on the Blagaj's image as a distinctive urban centre in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

During the reign of Austro-Hungarian Empire, Blagaj still retained its oriental-settlement character in its overall appearance as well as in its architectural and compositional details despite the obvious deterioration of the urban fabric.

Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was 2,531.

See also
 Neretva
 Mostar
 Buna, Mostar
 Počitelj
 Stolac
 Vrelo Bune
 Buna
 Vrelo Bunice
 Bunica
 Trebižat
 Bregava
 Hutovo Blato

References

External links
Virtual tour of the Blagaj Tekke

Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Architecture in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Archaeological sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina
National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina
World Heritage Tentative List for Bosnia and Herzegovina


Roshnik is a commune in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Berat. The population at the 2011 census was 2,513. The Köprülü family of Ottoman viziers came from this municipality.

Geography
Roshnik is located in northern Berat County and is part of Berat municipality. It borders the commune of Vërtop to the south, Zhepë to the east, Berat and Otllak to the west, and Lumas to the north. Roshnik is approximately 9km (5.5mi) from the main city of Berat.

It is subdivided into the following villages: Bogdan i Poshtëm, Bogdan i Sipërm, Dardhë, Karkanjoz, Kostren i Madh, Kostren i Vogël, Mimias, Perisnak, Qafë Dardhë, Roshnik Qendër, Roshnik i Vogël, Vojnik, Rabjak.

Demographics
As of the 2011 census, the municipality has 2,513 residents in 1,298 housing units, with a population density of .

535 residents, 21% of the total population, were under the age of 14. There were 288 people who were older than 65, accounting for 11% of the population. The gender ratio is roughly even, with 1,259 females and 1,254 males.

Notable person
 Köprülü Mehmed Pasha

References

Former municipalities in Berat County
Administrative units of Berat
Populated places disestablished in 2015


Velabisht is a village and a former municipality in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform, it became a subdivision of the municipality Berat. According to a 2011 census, the population of the village was 8,453. A old Ottoman bridge is located inside the village.

References

Former municipalities in Berat County
Administrative units of Berat
Villages in Berat County
Populated places disestablished in 2015


Ratna Rajya Laxmi Campus (), commonly known as RR Campus, is a constituent college of Tribhuvan University (TU). It is also the largest college for the Humanities and Social sciences studies. It provides under-graduate and master's degree level programs. The college was named after Queen Ratna Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah, second wife of the then King Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev.

Notable people
 Aaryan Sigdel, popular actor
Astalaxmi Shakya, Nepali politician
Bipin Karki, Nepalese actor
Bhuwan Dhungana, Nepali poet and writer
Buddhisagar, Nepali writer and poet
Neeta Dhungana, Nepali actress
Mala Rajya Laxmi Shah, Indian politician
Sulochana Manandhar, Nepali poet, writer
Swapnil Smriti, Nepali writer
Udit Narayan, popular singer

Gallery

See also
 Pulchowk Campus
 Tribhuvan University
 Nepal Law Campus
 Shanker Dev Campus
 Institute of Medicine, Nepal
Padma Kanya Multiple Campus
Amrit Campus
Ayurveda Campus, Kirtipur

References

1961 establishments in Nepal
Tribhuvan University
Constituent campuses of Tribhuvan University


The 2008–2009 Cyclo-cross Gazet van Antwerpen takes place between 1 November 2008 and 22 February 2009.

Men results

See also
 2008–2009 UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup
 2008–2009 Cyclo-cross Superprestige

External links
 Gazet van Antwerpen Trofee

Cyclo-cross BPost Bank Trophy
Gazet van Antwerpen
Gazet van Antwerpen


The 1790 Footprints refer to a set of footprints found near the Kīlauea volcano in present-day Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the island of Hawaii. Resulting from an unusually explosive eruption, they may be associated with a series of battles in the area in 1790.

Background

The 1782 Battle of Mokuōhai gave Kamehameha I control of the west and north sides of the island of Hawaii, but Keōua Kuahuula and his uncle Keawemauhili were able to escape.

For a few years, while Kamehameha was occupied with Maui and the arrival of Europeans to Kona, Keōua ruled Kaū and Keawemauhili ruled Hilo.

By 1790, Keawemauhili and Kamehameha had made peace. Keawemauhili aided Kamehameha's invasion of Maui that same year. This cooperation broke an agreement between Keawemauhili and Keōua. Keōua, angered, raided some of the lands of Kamehameha while he was in Maui at the Battle of Kepaniwai.

Keōua then attacked and killed his uncle at Hilo. Kamehameha returned from Maui to the Big Island, and Keōua ambushed them in a thick forest of Paauhau, but the battle was inconclusive (near coordinates ). Kamehameha counterattacked and drove Keōua back, in what is known as the Battle of Koapapaʻa. Kamehameha had brought a cannon salvaged from the ship ' captured at Kaūpūlehu. Keōua captured the piece, but did not have gunpowder nor expertise to use it effectively. After heavy losses on both sides, the commanders each decided to retreat to their secure territory.

The footprints were thought to have been left by Keōua's forces in their retreat. While passing Kīlauea, they made offerings to the goddess Pele and made camp. As the volcano started to erupt, they thought they might have made some offense, so he split his group into three and stayed to make more offerings.

Two parties of warriors were overwhelmed by a pyroclastic eruption while crossing the desert. Only one party of three survived the eruption. The footprints were attributed by early geologist Thomas Jaggar to those warriors who were killed in this event.
Keōua would be killed later in 1791 at Kawaihae.

The Ancient Hawaiians kept elaborate oral histories, but did not accurately count years from the Christian era. One important event in the oral history was  which means "the falling sand" in the Hawaiian Language.
This corresponded to an eruption witnessed in 1790 by British sailor John Young.
It probably was given the specific name because it was an unusual kind of eruption for Hawaiian volcanoes.
Surveyor Frederick S. Lyman used the 1790 date to estimate people's birthdates during his 1857 tax assessment.

New research

More recent research indicates that some or all of the footprints may in fact be attributable to everyday activities, and not to the war parties.
Extensive surveys were done in 1998 and 2000 including radiocarbon dating the few samples of charcoal that could be found. A large number of habitation sites and trails were counted, indicating the area was in use for hundreds of years during the eruption cycle of 1500 to 1790.

Modern forensic techniques applied in 2008 determined that many of the footprints were made by women and children, not warriors. They were probably already in the area chipping off sharp chunks of glass to use as tools, and left the footprints while escaping during a lull in the eruption.
Keōua's groups, however, were at the summit, and some were killed instantly by the following blast of poison gas, not by the actual falling of the ash. Although sometimes called "fossilized", the imprints are not old enough to be true fossils. The fine ash was probably made into thick mud by a rain triggered in the eruption, which then quickly solidified in the tropical sun and was preserved in the arid desert.

Recognition

The footprints were found accidentally by geologist Ruy H. Finch in the hardened ash of the Kaʻū Desert while he was trying to investigate a 1919 eruption that produced Mauna Iki (small mountain). Although the National Park had been formed by then, these lands were owned by the Territory of Hawaii. In 1938 the area was proposed as a bombing practice range, resulting in protest from conservation groups. On June 20, 1938, the Federal Government bought the land to add to the park, with the bombing range limited to four and a half square miles. The Army never used the land, but the Navy caused some injuries to fishermen in 1945. In June 1950 the bombing range was returned to the park after being cleared of unexploded ordinances.

In 1941 the Civilian Conservation Corps built a trail and shelter. It is designated as Hawaii state archaeological site number 10-61-5505 and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on August 7, 1974, as site number 74000351.

Access to the area is via  southwest of the park headquarters on the Hawaii Belt Road, State Highway 11.  From this trailhead (coordinates ) the Footprints Trail leads about a mile southeast to the area. The site can also be accessed by the Kaū Desert trailhead on Crater Rim Drive at coordinates .  These trails or roads might be closed during high levels of volcanic activity.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
Battles involving Hawaii
Conflicts in 1790
Ancient Hawaii
Natural disasters in Hawaii
1790 in Hawaii
18th-century disasters in Oceania


Ura Vajgurore, formerly known as Ura e Hasan Beut, is a town and a former municipality in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it was merged with the former municipalities (now municipal units) Cukalat, Kutalli and Poshnjë to form a new municipality, that was officially renamed to Dimal in April 2021. The seat of the municipality Dimal is the town Ura Vajgurore, that was not renamed in 2021. The population at the 2011 census was 7,232.

History

Ruins in the style of the old Gorica bridge in Berat attest to the existence of early inhabitants and what would later become the town today. The contemporary city has its origins in recent displacements of residents from nearby villages over the last 100 years. The building of bridges has been the mark of continuity in the town's history. Known by various names, such as Bridge of Hasan Bey, the contemporary name comes from a cement and iron bridge believed to have been built by the Italians as infrastructure for oil pipelines that connected Kuçovë with Vlorë. Local residents call it the "Old Bridge." Today it is a small town, known as a crossroad between Berat and Kuçovë.

Ura Vajgurore was the scene of violent riots in 1997 between supporters of the political parties PS and PD, in the context of the Albanian Civil War that was ignited by failing pyramid schemes. Four police officers were killed and six others were injured.

Geography
The town is situated on both banks of the river Osum, at the foot of low mountains.

Demographics
The population is composed of a mix between locals who are from the other side of town, with predominantly Orthodox surnames, and migrants of the 1960s onwards who originate from villages near Berat, and nearby villages such as Fief, Kutalli, Konizbalte, etc.. Primarily a middle to low-aged population, similar to other Albanian communities in transition, Ura Vajgurore has witnessed an increase in external and internal migration, and immigration of people from mountainous villages of Berat. The economy has long been recognized for surface mining of stone, and recently for processing granulated stone, lime, etc.. The main activities are trade, transport, etc..

Culture
The town contains a number of educated residents with higher education in distinction to the rest of the population. There are a few notable personalities that originate from this city, like Llazar Fype (writer). Of considerable notoriety is the local Polyphonic Albanian folk music group.

Notable people
Llazar Fype, writer

References

Administrative units of Dimal, Albania
Towns in Albania


Ruins is an Australian black metal band, based in Hobart, Tasmania. The band was formed somewhere between 2000 and 2002 by Alex Pope (formerly of Sea Scouts) and Dave Haley (The Amenta, Blood Duster and Psycroptic).

Recording
Ruins began as a recording project, featuring Pope supplying vocals, guitar and bass, with Haley on drums. It has been incorrectly reported that Haley is merely a session player in the band, and he has publicly dismissed such views as nonsense. The band consists of two core-members used on recordings, with extra live members added for shows, similar to Norwegian black metal band, Satyricon. Initial recordings were intended for demo purposes only, but were decided later to be of sufficient quality for public use.  Their first recording, Atom and Time, was released in 2004 by Blacktalon Media.

Their debut full length album Spun Forth as Dark Nets was engineered by Joe Haley, Dave's brother and member of the live Ruins line-up.  From the response to their recordings, Ruins decided to recruit session musicians to play live.

Live
Joe Haley and Kai Summers joined Ruins as live session members on guitar and bass respectively.  When Summers has been unavailable for shows, Tom Void has filled in.  However, Summers remains the full-time live member.  Ruins have toured extensively across Australia and New Zealand, supporting many well-known overseas bands including Satyricon, Celtic Frost, Immortal, Pig Destroyer, and Wolves in the Throne Room.

Current
Their third release, Cauldron (2008), was repressed on limited edition vinyl by Debemur Morti Productions. Front the Final Foes, which was released in late 2009, showcased a heavier production style, and less introspective songwriting.

Pope contributed vocals to fellow Tasmanian Moribund Records label mates, Thrall's album, Away from the Haunts of Men.

Releases
 Atom and Time EP (2004)
 Spun Forth as Dark Nets (2005)
 Cauldron (2008)
 Front the Final Foes (2009)
 Place of No Pity (2012)

Compilations
 Blacktalon Media –  Legions – Opening of the Southern Gate double compilation, 2004 – featuring the Ruins track "Desolation".
 Prime Cuts – A Blaze in the Southern Skies compilation, 2007 – featuring the Ruins track "Suicidal Pulse".

References

External links

 Interview with Dave Haley from Metal Underground.com
 Neurotic Records Artist Biography
 Stomp Product Description - Ruins Cauldron

Australian black metal musical groups


"Criminology" is the second solo single by Wu-Tang Clan rapper Raekwon, from his debut album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx..., featuring Ghostface Killah, like many of the songs of the album. The song starts with dialogue from the film Scarface, where Alex Sosa insults Tony Montana through phone, calling him a "fucking little monkey", because he failed to blow up the activist's car, then the first verse is performed by Ghostface Killah, and the second by Raekwon, without a chorus. The B-side of the single is "Glaciers of Ice". The song peaked at #43 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Ghostface Killah wrote his verse in San Francisco, and requested that RZA make a beat for the song.

The song was sampled later by Mos Def, for his song "Mathematics".

Background
Producer RZA later illustrated "That was me trying to produce like a DJ, produce a breakbeat. Ghost actually asked me to make one of those beats. You listen to old DJ tapes. That's how I made that song, and he wanted this shit to sound like a breakbeat. He had a rhyme that he knew was going to change the game - that was the verse that got him recognized. Cypress Hill's DJ Muggs called up and was like 'Yo, he killed that shit. He ripped that shit.'"

Track listing
"Criminology" (LP Version)
"Criminology" (Instrumental)
"Glaciers of Ice" (LP Version)
"Glaciers of Ice" (Instrumental)

Samples
"I Keep Asking You Questions" by Black Ivory
"Why Marry" by The Sweet Inspirations
Dialogue from the film Scarface

Chart positions

1995 singles
Song recordings produced by RZA
Mafioso rap songs
Songs written by Ghostface Killah
Songs written by Raekwon
Songs written by RZA
Raekwon songs
Ghostface Killah songs


{{Infobox scientist
| name = Gustav Wallis
| image = Gustav Wallis.jpg
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Lüneburg
| death_date =
| nationality = German
| field = Botany
| work_institutions = 'L’Horticulture Internationale, James Veitch & Sons
| known_for = plant collection
| author_abbrev_bot = Wallis
}}
Gustav Wallis (1 May 1830 – 20 June 1878) was a German plant collector who introduced over 1,000 plant species to Europe, many of which were named after him. He was particularly focused on orchid hunting during the Victorian orchid craze, but also was the first European collector of plants such as large-leaved Anthurium specimens that continue to be among the most sought after today.

Early life
Wallis was born in Lüneburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany, where his father was an advocate.  Wallis was deaf and mute until six years of age, and it was not until 1836 that he was able to talk. As a consequence, he suffered from a speech defect during his entire life.

In about 1836 his father died, leaving his mother a widow with six children. With no means of support, she found it necessary to leave Lüneburg and move to Detmold, her native town. It was here that Wallis attended school and, in the surrounding mountains and forests, developed the love of nature and botany which later gave him the desire to travel abroad and visit the tropics.  As a youth, Wallis had great energy and an indomitable will, and despite his speech impediment he acquired considerable proficiency in foreign languages, an accomplishment which stood him in good stead during the course of his career.

At the age of sixteen he was apprenticed to a goldsmith but, disliking the work, he quit and took an apprenticeship with a gardener at Detmold. At the end of his apprenticeship, he obtained employment in Munich, from where he often visited the Alps to collect and study plants.

In 1856, Wallis went to southern Brazil, where he set up a horticultural establishment for a German firm but, following the bankruptcy of the parent company, the branch was forced to close and Wallis was left practically penniless.

Jean Linden
In 1858, he was engaged as a plant-collector by Jean Linden’s orchid company, L’Horticulture Internationale, of Brussels. Wallis then began a hazardous journey, crossing the continent of South America, starting at the mouth of the River Amazon and traversing the total length to its source, exploring the river and many of its more important tributaries.

In 1866, Wallis was exploring the low-lying areas where the Rio Negro meets the Amazon, when he came across an unknown Cattleya species growing among the branches of macucus trees. Wallis was able to send a large shipment to Linden, who named the new species Cattleya eldorado, and the following year had more than 700 plants of the new species in bloom on display in Paris.

James Veitch & Sons
In 1870, he was engaged by James Veitch & Sons, of Chelsea, London, who sent him to the Philippines to search for orchids of the Phalaenopsis species which were indigenous to those islands. Although he was able to make sufficient finds to send a shipment back to England, including Paphiopedilum argus,  P. haynaldianum,  Dendrobium amethystoglossum  and Lilium philippinense, the mission proved too expensive to be considered a success and Wallis had to be recalled.

In December 1872, he was sent to Colombia, where he had explored previously, returning in 1874 with many finds, including two giant-leaved Anthuriums, A. veitchii and A. warocqueanum, as well as several interesting and valuable orchids, including various species of Masdevallia.

Later career and death
His contract with Veitch was terminated in 1874, but he continued to collect plants in South America at his own expense, commencing his last journey at the end of the summer of 1875, when he left to explore the northern and central regions of the continent.  Whilst in Colombia, he discovered Zamia wallisii but his samples were lost; it was only in the 1980s that the plant was re-located.

He was next heard of in Panama, dangerously ill with yellow fever and malaria. He recovered from his illness and was able to re-commence work, but his second attack, combined with dysentery, proved fatal. His last letter was dated Cuenca, Ecuador, 24 March 1878, where, according to the collector Edward Klaboch, Wallis died in hospital on 20 June.

Honours

Amongst the plants named after Wallis are:Anthurium wallisiiBatemannia wallisiiCalathea wallisii Dieffenbachia seguine subvar. wallisiiDracula wallisiiEpidendrum wallisiiGrammatophyllum wallisiiH.G. Reichenbach f. Orchideae Wallisianae novae. Linnaea vol.41: 99-118 1877Homalomena wallisiiHoulletia wallisii Masdevallia wallisiiOdontoglossum wallisiiSpathiphyllum wallisiiStenospermation wallisiiWallisia, (genus, family Bromeliaceae)Zamia wallisii''

References

External links
Article on www.orchids.co.in

19th-century German botanists
1830 births
1878 deaths
People from Lüneburg
Veitch Nurseries
Botanists active in South America
Plant collectors


Yemen Mobile is a CDMA 2000 network provider founded in Yemen in 2004 by the Yemen ministry of telecommunication and it is the first CDMA network operator in the Middle East. Yemen Mobile CDMA system is based on the HUAWEI Technologies. According to the 3GPP2 standard, CDMA 2000 system is fully compatible with IS-95 cellular phones, so it is normal that any IS-95 phone is supported by Yemen mobile. In 2012, Yemen mobile implemented ZTE network beside Huawei network as well as using LG-Nortel network in some eastern parts of the country. Yemen Mobile is the first 3G company in Yemen that provides CDMA 20001x and EVDO services. Yemen mobile was established in 2004 as a third wireless operator in Yemen and initially provided the circuit switch services beside to packet switch services which enable its customers to use data services and the Internet at a speed of 153 kbit/s as a maximum rate by implementing CDMA20001x which is 2.5G technology according to 3GPP2 standard. By 2007, it had become a corporation company and jumped to the top of mobile operators in the country in term of subscribers number and coverage.

Beginning in January 2021, Yemen Mobile became the first mobile network operator in Yemen to provide 4G LTE internet. In the end of 2022 Yemen mobile became the biggest telecom company according to the number of subscribers in Yemen. It had 10 million subscriber in total.

See also
 MTN Group, GSM provider in Yemen, previously known as Spacetel and currently known as YOU.
 Sabafon, GSM provider in Yemen.

References

External links
 Yemen Mobile website
 PDF file from HUAWEI, the China CDMA manufacturer and provider

Telecommunications companies of Yemen
Mobile phone companies of Yemen


Allendale Columbia School (often shortened to Allendale Columbia or abbreviated as A.C.) is an independent, nonsectarian, college preparatory school for students in nursery through twelfth grade in Rochester, New York, USA. The Columbia School for girls, established in 1890 by Caroline Milliman and Alida Lattimore, and the Allendale School for boys, established in 1926 by a group of Rochester businessmen, merged in 1972 to form the current co-educational school. Allendale Columbia students come from 28 different school districts in the greater Rochester, New York region, as well as from 10 different countries. International students live in two houses on campus. The school was named by Worth magazine as of one of the top 100 feeder schools to Ivy League universities. It was also ranked as the best private high school in Monroe County by Niche and The Post-Standard. Newsweek named Allendale Columbia as one of the best STEM schools in America.

Mission statement

"At Allendale Columbia, we prepare students for the world they will inherit. In our trusting and responsive environment, students in nursery through grade 12 grow in confidence and develop scholastic independence. Together, our students and teachers imagine, design, and create in order to make a positive impact locally and globally."

Faculty
Allendale Columbia has sixty-nine teachers. Of the twenty-five Upper School faculty members, 96% hold advanced degrees.

Campus
Allendale Columbia School occupies more than  in Pittsford, New York that stretches to Oak Hill Country Club.  The school is separated into three divisions: Lower School, Middle School and Upper School. The school also offers pre-primary school for children 18 months to three years old. While these divisions each have their own areas on campus, they share many common spaces, including a 500-seat performance center, library, dining commons for locally sourced lunches, and athletic, music and arts facilities. The students change buildings for various classes and use the entire campus throughout their day.

The main buildings house 41 classrooms, five science laboratories, nine computer laboratories (three classroom and six mobile), three music classrooms, two art studios, a darkroom, a digital photography laboratory, a foreign language laboratory, a library, a performance center, two gymnasia, and a science wing.

In 2012, the school opened residences for foreign students, and it hosts 25-35 international students from as many as 15 different countries and four continents.

In 2013, students began organizing and hosting an annual TEDx conference on campus, as an independently organized TED event.

In 2014, Allendale Columbia School created a summerLEAP partnership with School 17 of the Rochester City School District to provide summer enrichment programs for RCSD students.

In 2015, the school unveiled a new design and innovation laboratory with 3D printers, Mac computers, drafting tables, and tools.  That year, the school also partnered with the Hybrid Learning Consortium. It creates a globalized learning community offering a diverse variety of online courses to students around the world.

In 2016, the school celebrated its 125th anniversary.

Athletics
Allendale Columbia School is merged with The Harley School for interscholastic sports competition in grades 7 through 12. The two schools began coordinating their athletic programs during the 1972–1973 school year. The joint program is referred to as Harley Allendale Columbia (HAC) and originally competed as the Harley-Allendale Columbia Braves. In 1997, students of both schools voted to change the team name from the Braves to the Wolves. Team supporters are known as the Wolfpack.

The HAC enforces a "no-cut" athletic program, and varsity places are guaranteed for any committed seniors. The HAC co-ordination exists to enhance the interscholastic athletic program of both schools by combining student bodies and resources, as well as faculty for coaching purposes. The school has had success in the Section V Finger-Lakes West Division, including sectional titles in boys' and girls' tennis, boys' and girls' soccer, boys' and girls' cross country and boys' and girls' basketball.

 V = Varsity, JV = Junior Varsity, M = Modified

Notable alumni
 Alison Castle, photographer and author
Carson Cooman, Composer-in-Residence at Harvard University
Richard C. David, politician and Mayor of Binghamton, New York
 Taye Diggs (later transferred to School of the Arts (Rochester, New York), actor
 Nancy Northup, President of the Center for Reproductive Rights
 Katelin Schutz, physicist and cosmologist
 Kristen Wiig, actress and comedian, student, 1987-89

References

External links
Official website

Private high schools in New York (state)
Private K-12 schools in New York (state)
Preparatory schools in New York (state)
Schools in Monroe County, New York
Private middle schools in New York (state)
Private elementary schools in New York (state)


A list of all windmills and windmill sites which lie in the current ceremonial county of Bedfordshire.

Locations

Locations formerly within Bedfordshire

For windmills in Eaton Socon see List of windmills in Cambridgeshire.

Sources

Unless stated otherwise, the source for all entries is

Maps

1765 Thomas Jeffrey

Notes

Mills in bold are still standing, known building dates are indicated in bold. Text in italics denotes indicates that the information is not confirmed, but is likely to be the case stated.

References

Bedfordshire
Windmills


Reinaldo Oudinot (or Renauld Oudinot) was a French military engineer from the 18th century, who became most famous for his hydraulic works on the Portuguese harbours of Porto, Aveiro, Leiria and Funchal. Even though he was born and educated in France, he started his career in Portugal, where he developed several projects on different fields such as: architecture, urban planning, hydraulic engineering and agriculture development. In 1803, he was to become one of the most ranked engineers on the Portuguese army as he was promoted to Brigadier of the Royal Engineers.

First years

Reinaldo Oudinot was born in 1744 in Sampigny on the diocese of Verdun in France. It has been written that after finishing his degree in engineering he travelled to England, arriving in Portugal in 1766. On 5 September he signed in the Portuguese Army, beginning his military career with the post of infantry helper. In his first years he worked at the Province of Estremadura where Later in 1768 he joined the team of Gilherme Elsden on the surveys for Tejo, upgrading to Infantry Officer on 8 February.

Leiria (1773-87)

In 1773 Reinaldo Oudinot was nominated to be the head-director of the Hydraulic works in the Lis River in Leiria. During this assignment, he developed several surveys of the Pinhal de Leiria.
The project developed by Oudinot to the Lis river had two stages: the first, consisted of the regularization of the river channel through the cleaning of the sands and the establishment of the river into a straight line; the second, consisted of the construction of a floodwall to prevent future floods to happen over the lands in the south.
During these improvements on the harbour, the consort king D. Pedro III, heir of these lands, valued the work of Oudinot, allowing him to expand his ideas for the harbour in 1778.
In 1787, after the death of D. Pedro, the succeeding prince D. João ordered an inspection on the hydraulic works made on the Lis River. This inspection resulted in a new project proposal by sergeant major Manuel Caetano de Sousa, who contested the hydraulic project of Reinaldo Oudinot. These actions cause Oudinot to be removed from the direction of the harbour.
Although the presence of Reinaldo Oudinot was no longer required in Leiria, a short time later he was assigned to work on Porto, to open and clean the harbour of Douro River. During this time, he developed an astonishing amount of work that extended to architecture design and urban planning.

Porto (1789-1804)

After staying 15 years in Leiria, Reinaldo Oudinot was nominated to travel to Porto to examine the harbour of Douro River. He arrived in October 1789, with the instructions made by the minister José Seabra da Silva. These instructions provided him information about the site and which points to work on the harbour. One month later, Oudinot sent to José Seabra da Silva, a plan with the project to be made. In this plan he answers the demands by making a dyke on the north side of the harbour, on the river mouth, which connected the lighthouse S. Miguel-o-Anjo to the Fort of S. João Baptista. The idea was to allow the regular movement of the waters oriented by the dyke to dredge up the silt from Douro. The project was approved and in February 1790 the Queen D. Maria I ordered the beginning of the procedures. The Infantry Officer Faustino Salustiano da Costa e Sá was nominated to be Oudinot's assistant.
Five days after the approval, the Queen demanded the construction of two military barracks for the troops in Porto, Saint Ovídio and Casa Pia. This assignment was also given to Oudinot.

From 1789 to 1804, Oudinot presented several projects that consisted not just of the opening and cleaning of the harbour but also of the redesigning of Douro's riverfront. This urban project for the riverfront of Douro consisted of the development of five places: São João da Foz, Massarelos, Ribeira do Porto, Guindais and Freixo. Along with these improvements, Oudinot also proposed the construction of a seaside road connecting these five points, providing distribution and harmony to this urban plan.

In his plan for the riverfront from 1791, Reinaldo Oudinot combined the three most important aspects for development: hydraulic, urban and military. By expanding the Fort of S. João Baptista and designing a new urban structure of regular blocks and squares, Oudinot completely restructured the river mouth of Douro. Even though this project wasn't built due to insufficient funds, the ideologies used by Marques de Pombal in the Downtown of Lisbon are clearly visible on this plan.

Póvoa de Varzim (1791)

Throughout the year 1789, Reinaldo was designated to travel to the town of Póvoa de Varzim (30 km north of Porto) to study the conditions of the site and later develop an urban project for the village. The project's main goal was to improve the village infrastructure with the development of three constructions: the transportation of water to the centre of the village by making a new aqueduct; the second, the design of a Central Square for the village, a place for commercial activities and social gathering (this project-square would be accompanied with the construction of the village's City hall and Market); and third, the construction of a Port so the fishing boats could safely anchorage in difficult weather. On the 26th of 1791, Reinaldo Oudinot completed the project, mailing the plans and budget to the Minister José Seabra da Silva.
The strategies developed by Oudinot to Póvoa de Varzim helped the village establish a political and social centre, thanks to the square. This square (later named as Praça de Almada), was designed as a rectangular space, connecting the two main communities at the time, the historic centre, on the countryside, and the fishing community on the seaside.

All these projects were made during this 15-year period where he worked for the Government of Porto. In 1801, in an early stage of the War of the Oranges, Reinaldo Oudinot took charge as Governor of the Troops of Porto replacing João Correia de Sá, who died that same year.

Aveiro (1802-04)

During his work in Porto, Reinaldo Oudinot and his assistant and son-in-law Luis Gomes de Carvalho were nominated to work on the Vouga river in Aveiro in 1802. This assignment also had the purpose of developing the harbour and opening of the river mouth.
For two years, Reinaldo Oudinot and his partner presented different projects and solutions for the harbour, being only constructed the dyke for the Lagoon. Due to the floods happening in Madeira Island in the beginning of 1804, Oudinot left Aveiro, leaving the works on the Lagoon in the hands of Luis Gomes de Carvalho. This construction later revealed to be a success in 1808. A 'Jardim Oudinot' public park is a testimony of this  work, along the Ria da Costa Nova in the Nazaré district of Aveiro, Portugal.

Madeira (1804-07)

After the great floods in Madeira Island in 1803, Reinaldo Oudinot was designated to work in the reconstruction of Funchal. For this assignment he was elevated to brigadier of the Royal Engineers. In his first months spent on the island, he developed a strategy for the reconstruction of the riversides of Funchal, which was presented in April 1804. Some time later, he presented a plan showing the state of the city after the floods of 1803. In this plan Oudinot proposed an urban expansion of Funchal to the West, which he called "The New City to Build". This plan was never constructed, however, according to researchers, it might have had a major influence on the development of Funchal. In 1805, Oudinot presents a new plan for the city, signed by his assistant Capitan Feliciano de Mattos de Carvalho. Later in 1806, his constructions would successfully sustain the floods.
Reinaldo Oudinot later died on 11 February 1807 in Funchal. Even though he stayed in Madeira Island only three years, he developed an astonishing amount of work that played a major role on the reconstruction of the city of Funchal, after the great floods of 9 October 1803.

Personal life

Reinaldo Oudinot was first married to Dª Maria Vicência de Mengui in France. They had only one daughter, Dª Maria Paula Oudinot who married Luis Gomes de Carvalho, a military engineer who later became Oudinot's assistant and follower on the harbour of Aveiro.
After his wife death, he remarried in 1802 to Dª Vicencia do Carmo Locatelli, daughter of the Italian João Batista Locatelli. They had three children, João Reinaldo, Maria Augusta and Thereza Josephina. The Oudinot's family were established in Aveiro and Leiria for many years, and can still be found descendants.
It has been written that Reinaldo Oudinot is brother of Nicolas-Charles Oudinot, Duke of Reggio and Marshal of France.

Military Ranks and Cities

Infantry Helper  (3 September 1766) - Province of Estremadura
Infantry Officer  (29 December 1767) - River Tejo / Leiria
Sergeant Major  (20 March 1780) - Leiria
Lieutenant Colonel  (22 November 1784) - Leiria / Porto / Póvoa de Varzim
Colonel of the Royal Engineers  (12 December 1791) - Porto / S. Martinho do Porto / Aveiro
Governor of the Troops of Porto  (4 January 1801, after the death of the Governor D. João Correia de Sá)
Brigadier of the Royal Engineers  (14 December 1803) - Funchal

References

1744 births
1807 deaths
French engineers


The Royal Welch Fusiliers Museum is a museum dedicated to the history of the Royal Welch Fusiliers, a historic regiment of the British Army. The museum is located within Caernarfon Castle in Caernarfon, Gwynedd, North Wales. Admission is included with entry to the castle.

History
The museum was established as the Royal Welch Fusiliers Regimental Museum at Caernarfon Castle on 2 June 1960.

Collection
The Royal Welch Fusiliers Museum has a collection and displays, containing links to the regiment's fourteen Victoria Crosses and the writers and poets who have served their country when enlisted in the regiment; men such as Siegfried Sassoon, Robert Graves, Hedd Wyn, David Jones and Frank Richards, and extensive displays relating the long history of the Royal Welch Fusiliers over the centuries.

References

External links

Royal Welch Fusiliers Museum at Ogilby Trust

Military and war museums in Wales
Regimental museums in Wales
Museums in Gwynedd
Royal Welch Fusiliers
Caernarfon
1960 establishments in Wales
Museums established in 1960