The Scottish Human Rights Commission (SHRC) () is the national human rights institution for Scotland. It was established by the Scottish Commission for Human Rights Act and started its work in 2008. The Commission is independent of the Scottish and UK Government, and of Parliament.

It seeks to promote and protect the human rights of everyone in Scotland, working to increase awareness, recognition and respect for human rights, and make them more relevant and easier to apply in everyday life. The Commission aims to help everyone understand their rights and the shared responsibilities everyone has to each other and to their community.

The SHRC is a Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body (SPCB) supported body meaning that it is separate and independent from Government but still accountable for its public funds. It has an office in Edinburgh, which is shared with the fellow SPCB supported bodies the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman and the Children and Young People's Commissioner Scotland.

The Scottish Human Rights Commission is the newest of the three national human rights institutions (NHRIs) in the United Kingdom and, like the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission (NIHRC) and the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC), it has secured "A status" accreditation from the International Co-ordinating Committee of NHRIs (the ICC). The Scottish Parliament, when establishing the Commission in 2008, ensured that it complied with United Nations Principles Related to the Status of National Institutions, known as the Paris Principles – a series of recommendations on the role, status and functions of NHRIs. The Commission has a strong international profile and participates in the Universal Periodic Review reporting mechanisms for UN treaty processes. In October 2010 it hosted the biennial world conference of NHRIs in Edinburgh.

The Commission was elected as chair of the European Group of National Human Rights Institutions on 17 May 2011. It was re-elected to this post in May 2013

Mandate and Powers
The Scottish Commission for Human Rights Act 2006 states that the commission has a duty to: 'to promote human rights and, in particular, to encourage best practice in relation to human rights'.

The Commission generally deals only with issues relating to devolved matters only, with issues concerning equality and some non-devolved human rights matters being the responsibility of the Equality and Human Rights Commission. The two NHRIs have a memorandum of understanding which set out the expectations and terms and conditions of the working relationship between organisations.

The Commission must lay annually before the Scottish Parliament a general report on the exercise of its functions during the year.

The Commission, NIHRC and EHRC participate with the Equality Commission for Northern Ireland in the "independent mechanism" to promote, protect and monitor implementation in the UK of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

To deliver this mandate, the legislation sets out these powers:

 The power to conduct inquiries into the policies or practices of Scottish public authorities working to deliver a particular service, or public authorities of a particular description.
 The ability to provide education, training and awareness raising, and by publishing research.
 Recommending such changes to Scottish law, policy and practice as it considers necessary.
 The power to enter some places of detention as part of an inquiry, and the power to intervene in civil court cases where relevant to the promotion of human right and where the case appears to raise a matter of public interest.

It cannot provide assistance to any person in connection with a legal claim.

Leadership

The current chair of the Commission is Ian Duddy, who was appointed in late 2022.

There are also three part-time Commissioners, appointed in late 2022.

Work of the Commission

The Commission is currently working from its Strategic Plan 2020-2024. It has 4 priorities for this time:

 Progressing understanding and strengthening legal protection of economic, social and cultural rights;
 Strengthening accountability for meeting human rights obligations;
 Building wider ownership of human rights;
 Advancing best practice locally and sharing our learning globally

The work of the Commission focuses on implementing a human-rights–based approach at the heart of policy choices and practice in Scotland to ensure that human rights are at the centre of how organisations in Scotland work, as well as how they measure success.

Scotland's National Action Plan for Human Rights (SNAP)
Scotland’s National Action Plan for Human Rights (SNAP) was launched on International Human Rights Day, 10 December 2013. The Commission said 'it sets out a bold roadmap towards a Scotland where everyone can live with human dignity.'

A second SNAP began development in 2017. While initially planned to be published in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic lead to a two year delay. In 2021 the Scottish Government and the Commission jointly began to prepare to convene a Leadership Panel to finish development work, and appointed a Secretariat Lead to support this. The Leadership Panel was appointed in March 2022, and is currently developing the Action Plan.

Care About Rights
This project aims to increase awareness, understanding and confidence in the care sector about human rights in order to improve conditions for those in care and for their carers. Particular emphasis has been placed on the needs of older people through a training package called "Care about Rights".

Historical Child Abuse
In February 2010 the Commission published a comprehensive human rights framework to address historic child abuse through an Acknowledgement and Accountability Forum. The framework was positively received by many survivors and international experts. The Commission worked with the Centre for Excellence for Looked After Children in Scotland to deliver a series of InterActions with to develop an Action Plan on Justice and Remedies. The Commission continues to monitor the process of acknowledgement and accountability in Scotland and the implementation of its recommendations.

Human Rights Impact Assessments
The Commission has developed training materials on human rights for staff in local authorities, as part of its power to duty to provide training.

In January 2010 the Commission piloted human rights training for staff within the Services for Communities Division of the City of Edinburgh Council. Research was also conducted into international best practice and experiences of carrying out human rights impact assessments. In 2013 the Commission piloted a joint Equalities and Human Rights Impact Assessment with two partner organisations, Fife and Renfrewshire Councils.

The project will begin by establishing an understanding of current practices and approaches to assessing equality and human rights impacts, and develop appropriate means for the partner organisations to move beyond the legal requirement to carry out equality impact assessment towards having the capability to assess equality and human rights impacts together. The pilot bodies will contribute to the development of ideas and also to the road-testing of such approaches.

Emerging human rights issues

Business and human rights
In 2010 the Commission contributed to the work of the Working Group of the International Coordinating Committee of National Human Rights Institutions on Business and Human Rights by drafting a survey for all institutions on their interests, needs and capacities in the area. The Commission also provided written and oral evidence to the UK Parliament Joint Committee on Human Rights inquiry on Business and Human Rights.

In October 2010 the Commission hosted the International Conference of National Human Rights Institutions on the theme of Business and Human Rights. The conference agreed the Edinburgh Declaration, which sets an action plan for NHRIs on business and human rights.

Planned replacement of the Human Rights Act
In 2009, the Conservative party, then the main UK opposition party, announced that, if elected, it would repeal the Human Rights Act 1998 and replace it with a Bill of Rights. In March 2010 the Commission published two statements, including one co-signed with the NIHRC, calling for the preservation of the Act and emphasising that human rights would be best protected by building on the Act instead of replacing it.

The Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Dominic Raab introduced the Bill of Rights Bill in 2021 to the House of Commons which would replace the Human Rights Act. The Commission has said the proposals would 'weaken the protections in the Human Rights Act and put the UK in breach of its international obligations.' Along with several Scottish civil society organisations, the Commission condemned the Bill claiming it is unneeded and a step backwards.

International activities

The Commission is one of over 80 NHRIs within the ICC's global network supported by the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. In June 2010 the Commission was given "A status" accreditation by the ICC; this gives it enhanced access to treaty bodies and other UN mechanisms. Along with the NIHRC and EHRC the SHRC participates in the European Group of NHRIs. The SHRC is currently the chair of the European Group.

Interaction with other NHRIs
In June 2009 the Commission hosted the first joint meeting of the four national human rights institutions of the UK and Ireland; the Equality and Human Rights Commission, the Irish Human Rights Commission, the NIHRC and, of course, the Scottish Commission. Justice Albie Sachs, a former justice of the South African Constitutional Court, also participated in the meeting.

In October 2010 the Commission hosted the 10th International Conference of National Human Rights Institutions at the Scottish Parliament, bringing together delegates from over 80 countries to discuss issues around Business and Human Rights. The conference ended with the agreement of the Edinburgh Declaration.

Interaction with the United Nations
The Commission frequently makes submissions to the Treaty bodies of the United Nations framework. The reports provide a critique of law, policy and practice in Scotland. The SHRC, along with the other UK NHRIs submits evidence to the Universal Periodic Review process of the UK. The Commission has been noted in recent years as being particularly engaged amongst British institutions with the process.

In June 2009 the Commission was appointed a member of the UK's independent mechanism responsible for promoting, monitoring and protecting the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

References

External links
 SHRC website
 Equality and Human Rights Commission
 Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission

National human rights institutions
Human rights organisations based in the United Kingdom
Scottish commissions and inquiries
2008 establishments in Scotland
Government agencies established in 2008
Human rights in Scotland
Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body


Supreme Commander 2 is a real-time strategy (RTS) video game developed by Gas Powered Games and published by Square Enix as the sequel to Supreme Commander. A Windows-only demo was initially released via Steam on February 24, 2010, with the full game released on March 2, 2010.

A Mac OS X version of Supreme Commander 2 was announced by Mac games publisher Virtual Programming in May 2010. They released the Mac OS X version of the game on September 24, 2010, and released the Infinite War Battle Pack for Mac OS X in January 2011.

The game received mixed reviews upon its release, getting 77 out of 100 based on 54 reviews on Metacritic.

Gameplay
In both the skirmish and multiplayer modes, players start out with an Armored Command Unit (ACU), which is a large, powerful, construction-capable unit, as their avatar on the battlefield. They build mass extractors and power generators, which produce mass and energy, along with research facilities that produce research points faster. Players can also build land, air, and sea factories that produce land, air, and sea units, respectively. Players may also build add-on structures, expanding the capabilities of existing factories. Some buildings and units are more advanced than others and as players' bases and research levels expand, so does the quality of their units. Research points can be spent on faction-specific tech trees to add bonuses, abilities and upgrades, and to unlock more-advanced units and buildings. The final result of this development is the unlocking of experimental units, which are large, research-unlocked units and buildings with significantly more power than other units and buildings. Experimental units can be produced from experimental gantries (buildings with the sole purpose of building experimental units) or built by engineers. The ultimate aim of the game is to destroy the opponents' ACUs.

In the heavily-scripted campaign mode, the player is provided with a base at the start of the game, and faces an already-established opponent. In order to finish the level, the player has to complete certain objectives, for example "destroy the enemy's experimental unit." As the campaign progresses the player is able to unlock a wider range of units, the missions become more challenging, and the enemy grows stronger.

In an interview with MacGamer, an online magazine dedicated to gaming on Mac PCs, game designer Chris Taylor had this to say about Supreme Commander 2 and its spiritual link to his previous Total Annihilation series: "I think they are indeed the spiritual successors, because of the way I approach RTS Real-time strategy design. I don't like a lot of rules, and I like big, open worlds. Some might say the economy systems play a role in that, but I think it goes much deeper than that. I think many folks will see our upcoming Kings and Castles game as a continuing extension of those previous RTS titles."

The game is AMD Eyefinity validated.

Plot
The story starts on the planet Altair II with the newly elected Coalition President's assassination, causing the breakup of the coalition formed during the expansion of the first game.

The first phase of the campaign (dedicated to the United Earth Federation, or UEF) follows Dominic Maddox, a UEF officer who is married to an Illuminate. After a botched training exercise and an incident in Coalition headquarters, Maddox fights off rogue Cybran units at a communications array. After repelling the attack, his commanding officer, Colonel Rogers, takes sole command of all UEF forces on the planet. After defending a strategic weapons facility and encountering a mysterious Cybran in the Weddell Straits, Rogers orders Maddox to destroy the Illuminate colony of New Cathedral. Maddox, replying that his wife is Illuminate and is inside New Cathedral, refuses and goes AWOL. After failing to stop UEF Commander Lynch from destroying New Cathedral with nuclear weapons before the population can be fully evacuated, Maddox decides to go on his own mission to eliminate Colonel Rogers. Along the way, he is contacted by Dr. Zoe Snyder, who had provided him with weapons before his desertion. She does so again, commenting that her doing so is "good for business." Maddox defeats Rogers' forces and destroys UEF command, but destroys the stealth system hiding a hidden portal in the process, unlocking the second phase of the campaign.

The second phase (dedicated to the Aeon Illuminate) follows Commander Thalia Kael as she fights for a group known as the Royal Guardians to "restore the Illuminate to their former glory." After ambushing a Cybran weapons convoy, securing technology from a decommissioned Aeon facility, and freeing a group of Aeon political prisoners, Thalia, along with technical assistance from her terminally ill brother Jaren, defends a geothermal power plant from UEF forces, meeting the mysterious Cybran, William Gauge, when they request assistance. The siblings learn of Maddox's defense of New Cathedral from Gauge and accompany him in his attack on the Coalition center of Quantum Science and Technology, hoping to send a message to the Illuminate government. Only after Gauge levels the entire city with nuclear weapons does Thalia realize her mistake in unwittingly aiding Gauge's plans to find what he calls "Shiva Prime." On top of that, the Cybran convoy was actually on a humanitarian mission and the prisoners she freed were actually Royal Guardian commanders. Seeking to atone for her deeds, Thalia travels to Altair II intending to turn herself in to coalition forces, but instead discovers a standoff between a Royal Guardian, a Cybran, and Maddox, who has been holding position at the gate since his battle with Rogers. Maddox attempts to deescalate, but multiple strategic launches force the parties into combat. Maddox and Thalia join forces and defeat the other commanders, but Gauge arrives and slips past them into the gate. Acknowledging Jaren's observation that more Guardian forces are likely on their way, Maddox and Thalia divert their attention from Gauge and once again prepare their forces.

The third phase (Dedicated to the Cybran Nation) begins on the planet Seraphim VII, and follows Ivan Brackman (an experimental genetic composite clone of Dr. Brackman and Elite Commander Dostya), an old roommate of Maddox, who fights under the direction of Dr. Brackman (to whom he refers to as "father"). Dr. Brackman informs Ivan that Shiva Prime is an ancient terraforming device built by a precursor race older than even the Seraphim, and that the component Dr. Snyder had been researching was an advanced propulsion system. They then detect Gauge's arrival through the gate, upon which Dr. Brackman reveals Gauge's origin, calling him a "Proto-protocybran" who had "disconnected" himself from the network long ago. The pair secure Dr. Brackman's research and leave the planet before responding to a distress call from Dr. Snyder, whose facility is under attack by the Royal Guardians. After Snyder realizes her research has been stolen, Ivan travels to Altair II, where he encounters Thalia and Maddox holding off a Guardian assault. After beating back the attack, Ivan returns to Seraphim VII to confront Gauge. Gauge launches Shiva Prime into the atmosphere and sends a Guardian to the surface stop Ivan, but Ivan succeeds in defeating her in time and teleports to Shiva Prime.

Aboard the station, Gauge uses the station's propulsion system to immediately travel to Altair II with the intent of destroying the planet. After a lengthy battle with Gauge and Shiva Prime's automated defenses, Ivan defeats Gauge, but picks up a signal, which Dr. Brackman instructs him to ignore. Ivan then comes to the realization that as long as Shiva Prime exists, the factions will fight battle after battle for its control. He therefore decides not conform to his father's will, destroying it rather than allowing anyone else to possess it, a decision that greatly disappoints Dr. Brackman.

In the final cutscene, Ivan gives a voice-over speech at the Coalition Senate appealing for renewed ties between humanity's factions while scenes of Maddox returning to his family and Thalia visiting Jaren's grave are shown. In the teaser, Dr. Brackman talks with Gauge - revealed to have survived his ACU explosion on Shiva Prime - and begins a proto-brain initialization sequence, asking Gauge if he is ready for a new adventure.

Demo
On February 24, 2010, a demo of Supreme Commander 2 was released on the Steam digital distribution service. The demo includes two tutorial levels and two campaign levels all played as the UEF faction, but does not include skirmish or multiplayer modes. The single player includes two missions, which were picked to show the more advanced portion of the game.

Reception

On initial release, the game received mixed critical reception. While many critics praised the game as a standalone title, it was generally perceived to be a simplified version of the original game. Alec Meer, reviewing for Eurogamer, predicted that the game would "leave much of its intended fanbase cold," and Tom Francis, writing for PC Gamer UK, later summarized Supreme Commander 2 as "a game that solved the accessibility issues of the first game, bought primarily by people who didn't want them solved." On Metacritic, which aggregates a wide range of reviews and assigns an average score, the game received 77 out of 100 based on 54 reviews. The original Supreme Commander received 86 out of 100 on Metacritic.

After release, the game received several major updates and changes. For example, one update released in October 2010 reworked the way construction was paid for, as described above. The changes were widely praised and the game was considered by critics to have been improved since release. For example, Tom Francis, who gave the game a score of 85 out of 100 on release, said in October 2010 that had he been reviewing it in October 2010, he would have given it a 90. PC Gamer UK named Supreme Commander 2 their 2010 "Co-op Game Of The Year".

References

External links

2010 video games
Real-time strategy video games
MacOS games
Square Enix games
Video game sequels
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Supreme Commander (video game)
Virtual Programming (company) games


András Kassai-Farkas, better known as Imre Farkas (23 June 1935 – 10 August 2020) was a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He was Jewish.  Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won two bronze medals, earning one in 1956 (C-2 10000 m) and one in 1960 (C-2 1000 m) with András Törő. He also captured two Hungarian championships with József Hunics in 1956 and 1957.

See also
 List of select Jewish canoers

References

External links

1935 births
2020 deaths
Canoeists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Hungarian male canoeists
Olympic canoeists for Hungary
Olympic bronze medalists for Hungary
Olympic medalists in canoeing
Jewish Hungarian sportspeople
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
20th-century Hungarian people


Robert W. "Bobby" Mathieson (born June 16, 1956, in New York City) is an American politician. A Democrat, he was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in November 2007. He represented the 21st district in the city of Virginia Beach.
Bobby lost this seat in 2009 to Ron Villanueva.  On July 1, 2011, the United States Senate confirmed Bobby Mathieson as U.S. Marshal serving Virginia's Eastern District.

Notes

References

 (Campaign website)

External links

1956 births
Living people
United States Marshals
Democratic Party members of the Virginia House of Delegates
Saint Leo University alumni
Politicians from Virginia Beach, Virginia
21st-century American politicians


Bushnak (, meaning "Bosnian" or "Bosniak", also transliterated Bushnaq, Boshnak, Bouchenak and Bouchnak) is a surname common among Levantines and Saudis (Hejazis) of Bosniak origin. Those sharing this surname are the descendants of Bosniaks apprehensive of living under Christian rule after the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878, who immigrated to Ottoman Syria.

While not originally from one family, most Bosniaks who immigrated to the Levant adopted Bushnak as a common surname, attesting to their origins. Bushnak is also used colloquially among Palestinians to refer to someone who is fair-skinned and good-looking.

History
Some Bosnian movement to Palestine occurred when Bosniak soldiers were brought to Palestine in the late 1800s to provide reinforcements for the Ottoman army.

More substantial movement occurred after 1878, when the Austro-Hungarian empire, ruled by the House of Habsburg, occupied Bosnia. Bosniak emigration continued through this period, escalating after the Austro-Hungarian's 1908 annexation of Bosnia.  Many immigrated to parts of what is now modern Turkey, while a smaller number settled in Ottoman Syria (modern Syria, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon and Jordan).

Bosnian immigrants settled predominantly in villages in the parts of the present day West Bank and Israel: Caesarea, Yanun, Nablus and Tulkarem. Their descendants still live in these villages, their Bosnian heritage reflected in the Arab surname of Bushnak.

Notable people bearing the surname

Bushnak
Ramez Bushnak (1976-2000), an Israeli Arab civilian shot dead by Israeli police during the Second Intifada

Bushnaq
Ali Bushnaq, Palestinian Mount Everest climber
Alia Bushnaq (born 2000), Jordanian athlete
Suzan Bushnaq (born 1963), Kuwaiti painter, daughter of Mohammed Bushnaq
Suad Bushnaq (born 1982), Jordanian-Canadian film composer
Mohammed Bushnaq (1934-2017), Palestinian artist (painter and sculptor)

Bouchnak
Lotfi Bouchnak (born 1952), Tunisian singer
Hamid Bouchnak (born 1969), Moroccan raï singer

Boushnak
Laura Boushnak (born 1976), Kuwaiti-born Palestinian photographer

See also
Bosniaks in Syria
Armas
Magyarab
Urums

Notes and references

Bibliography

Surnames of Bosnian origin
Bosniak diaspora
European diaspora in the Middle East
European diaspora in Israel
European diaspora in Lebanon
European diaspora in the State of Palestine
European diaspora in Syria
Sunni Islam


The Canton of Troyes-7 is a former canton of the arrondissement of Troyes, in the Aube department, in northern France. It had 18,133 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 4 communes:
Bréviandes
Rosières-près-Troyes
Saint-Julien-les-Villas
Troyes (partly)

References

Troyes-7
Troyes
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Kraumur Awards is a music prize, organized by the Kraumur Music Fund, awarded for the best albums being released in Iceland.

The nominations for the first Kraumur Awards were announced in November 2008. Nominations and the award-winning albums are chosen by a selected panel of Icelandic music journalist and radio show hosts, with years of experience in playing and writing about Icelandic music.

The Kraumur Award usually goes to six albums, while 20 albums are nominated. The panel can add albums to the award category, which led to six albums in the first year and seven albums receiving the Kraumur award in 2013.

The Kraumur Awards an annual event with six best albums presented in alphabetical order.

Kraumur Awards 2008

The 2008 Kraumur Awards went to:
 Agent Fresco for Lightbulb Universe
 FM Belfast for How to Make Friends
 Hugi Guðmundsson for Apocrypha
 Ísafold for All Sounds to Silence Come
 Mammút for Karkari
 Retro Stefson for Montaña

Nominations (20 albums):
 Agent Fresco - Lightbulb Universe
 Celestine - At the Borders of Arcadia
 Dísa - Dísa
 Dr. Spock - Falcon Christ
 Emilíana Torrini - Me and Armini
 FM Belfast - How to Make Friends
 Hugi Guðmundsson - Apocrypha
 Introbeats - Tívólí chillout
 Ísafold - All Sounds to Silence Come
 Klive - Sweaty Psalms
 Lay Low - Farewell Good Night’s Sleep
 Mammút - Karkari
 Morðingjarnir - Áfram Ísland
 Múgsefjun - Skiptar skoðanir
 Ólafur Arnalds - Variations of Static
 Retro Stefson - Montaña
 Reykjavík! - The Blood
 Sigur Rós - Með suð í eyrum við spilum endalaust
 Sin Fang Bous - Clangour
 Skakkamanage - All Over the Face

Kraumur Awards 2009

The 2009 Kraumur Awards went to:
 Anna Guðný Guðmundsdóttir for Vingt regards sur l’enfant-Jésus
 Bloodgroup for Dry Land
 Helgi Hrafn Jónsson for For the Rest of my Childhood
 Hildur Guðnadóttir for Without Sinking
 Hjaltalin for Terminal
 Morðingjarnir for Flóttinn mikli

Nominations (20 albums):
 Anna Guðný Guðmundsdóttir - Vingt regards sur l’enfant-Jésus
 Árni Heiðar Karlsson  - Mæri
 Bloodgroup - Dry Land
 Bróðir Svartúlfs - Bróðir Svartúlfs EP
 Dikta - Get it together
 Egill Sæbjörnsson - Egill S
 Feldberg - Don’t Be A Stranger
 Helga Rós Indriðadóttir og Guðrún Dalía - Jórunn Viðar, Sönglög
 Helgi Hrafn Jónsson - For the Rest of my Childhood
 Hildur Guðnadóttir - Without Sinking
 Hjaltalin - Terminal
 Kimono - Easy Music for Difficult People
 Lights on the highway - Amanita Muscaria
 Morðingjarnir - Flóttinn mikli
 múm - Singa Along to Songs that You Don’t Know
 Pascal Pinon - Pascal Pinon
 Ruxpin - Where Do We Float From Here
 Sudden Weather Change - Stop! Handgrenade In The Name Of Crib Death’understand?
 The Deathmetal Supersquad - Dead Zeppelin
 Víkingur Heiðar - Debut

Kraumur Awards 2010

The 2010 Kraumur Awards went to:

 Apparat Organ Quartet - Pólyfónía
 Daníel Bjarnason - Processions
 Ég - Lúxus upplifun
 Jónas Sigurðsson - Allt er eitthvað
 Nolo - No-Lo-Fi
 Ólöf Arnalds - Innundir skinni

Nominations (20 albums):
 Agent Fresco - A Long Time Listening
 Amiina - Puzzle
 Apparat Organ Quartet - Pólyfónía
 Daníel Bjarnason - Processions
 Ég - Lúxus upplifun
 Jónas Sigurðsson - Allt er eitthvað
 Kammerkór Suðurlands - Iepo Oneipo
 Miri - Okkar
 Momentum - Fixation, At Rest
 Moses Hightower - Búum til börn
 Nolo - No-Lo-Fi
 Ólöf Arnalds - Innundir skinni
 Prinspóló - Jukk
 Retro Stefson - Kimbabwe
 Samúel Jón Samúelsson Big Band - Helvítis Fokking Funk
 Seabear - We Built a Fire
 Sóley - Theater Island
 Stafrænn Hákon - Sanitas
 Valdimar - Undraland
 Quadruplos - Quadroplos

Kraumur Awards 2011

The 2011 Kraumur Awards went to:

 ADHD - ADHD2
 Lay Low - Brostinn Strengur
 Reykjavík! - Locust Sounds
 Samaris - Hljóma Þú (ep)
 Sin Fang - Summer Echoes
 Sóley - We Sink

Nominations (20 albums):
 ADHD - ADHD2
 Anna Þorvalds - Rhízoma
 Ben Frost og Daníel Bjarnason - SÓLARIS
 Dead Skeletons - Dead Magick
 FM Belfast - Don’t want to sleep
 For a Minor Reflection - EP
 Helgi Hrafn Jónsson - Big Spring
 Hljómsveitin Ég - Ímynd Fíflsins
 Lay Low - Brostinn Strengur
 Nolo - Nology
 Of Monsters and Men - My Head is an Animal
 Ofvitarnir - Stephen Hawking/Steven Tyler
 Ragga Gröndal - Astrocat Lullaby
 Reykjavík! - Locust Sounds
 Samaris - Hljóma Þú (ep)
 Sin Fang - Summer Echoes
 Skurken - Gilsbakki
 Snorri Helga - Winter Sun
 Sóley - We Sink
 Sólstafir - Svartir Sandar

Kraumur Awards 2012

The 2012 Kraumur Awards went to:

 Ásgeir Trausti - Dýrð í dauðaþögn
 Hjaltalín - Enter 4
 Moses Hightower - Önnur Mósebók
 Ojba Rasta - Ojba Rasta
 Pétur Ben - God’s Lonely Man
 Retro Stefson – Retro Stefson

Nominations (20 albums):
 adhd - adhd4
 Ásgeir Trausti - Dýrð í dauðaþögn
 Borko - Born To Be Free
 Davíð Þór Jónsson - Improvised Piano Works 1
 Duo Harpverk - Greenhouse Sessions
 Futuregrapher - LP
 Ghostigital - Division of Culture & Tourism
 Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson & Steindór Andersen - Stafnbúi
 Hjaltalín - Enter 4
 Moses Hightower - Önnur Mósebók
 Muck - Slaves
 Nóra - Himinbrim
 Ojba Rasta - Ojba Rasta
 Pascal Pinon - Twosomeness
 Pétur Ben - God's Lonely Man
 Retro Stefson – Retro Stefson
 Sin Fang - Half Dreams EP
 The Heavy Experience - Slowscope
 Tilbury - Exorcise
 Þórir Georg - I Will Die and You Will Die and it Will be Alright

Kraumur Awards 2013

The 2013 Kraumur Awards went to:

 Cell7 – Cellf
 Dj. flugvél og geimskip - Glamúr í geimnum
 Grísalappalísa - Ali
 Gunnar Andreas Kristinsson – Patterns
 Just Another Snake Cult - Cupid Makes A Fool of Me
 Mammút - Komdu til mín svarta systir
 Sin Fang - Flowers

Nominations (20 albums):
 Benni Hemm Hemm - Eliminate Evil, Revive Good Times
 Cell7 – Cellf
 Daníel Bjarnason - Over Light Earth
 Dj. flugvél og geimskip - Glamúr í geimnum
 Futuregrapher, Gallery Six & Veronique – Crystal Lagoon (EP)
 Grísalappalísa - Ali
 Gunnar Andreas Kristinsson - Patterns
 Jóhann Kristinsson - Headphones
 Just Another Snake Cult - Cupid Makes A Fool of Me
 Lay Low - Talking About The Weather
 Mammút - Komdu til mín svarta systir
 Múm - Smilewound
 Per:Segulsvið - Tónlist fyrir Hana
 Ruxpin - This Time We Go Together
 Samúel J. Samúelsson Big Band - 4 hliðar
 Sin Fang - Flowers
 Strigaskór nr. 42 - Armadillo
 Tilbury - Northern Comfort
 Úlfur - White Mountain
 Þórir Georg - Ælulykt

The panel

The panel selecting the Kraumur Awards nominees and award albums for the years 2008-2010:
 Árni Matthíasson - head of panel, journalist with Morgunblaðið
 Alexandra Kjeld - journalist with Rjominn.is/Morgunblaðið
 Andrea Jónsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Arnar Eggert Thoroddsen - journalist with Morgunblaðið
 Halldór Laxness (Dóri DNA) - journalist with DV
 Hildur Maral Hamíðsdóttir - journalist with Rjominn.is
 Ólafur Páll Gunnarsson - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Trausti Júlíusson - journalist with Fréttablaðið
 Þorkell Máni Pétursson - radio show host at Radio X
 Ragnheiður Eiríksdóttir - journalist with Fréttablaðið
 Arndís Björk Ásgeirsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Halla Steinunn Stefánsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Matthías Már Magnússon - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 2

In the panel for 2008 Kraumur Awards only
 Sigvaldi Kaldalóns - radio show host at radio FM 957
 Sveinn Birkir Björnsson journalist with Reykjavik Grapevine

In the panel for 2009 Kraumur Awards only
 Haukur S. Magnússon - editor of Reykjavik Grapevine
 Skarphéðinn Guðmundsson - 365 media
 Benedikt Reynisson - Benson is Fantastic music blog

In the panel for 2011 Kraumur Awards:
 Alexandra Kjeld - music journalist
 Andrea Jónsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Anna Andersen - editor of Reykjavik Grapevine
 Arnar Eggert Thoroddsen - journalist with Morgunblaðið
 Arndís Björk Ásgeirsdóttir -  radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Árni Matthíasson - head of panel, journalist with Morgunblaðið
 Benedikt Reynisson - Benson is Fantastic music blog
 Berglind María Tómasdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Egill Harðarson - web designer / editor of Rjominn.is
 Eldar Ástþórsson - marketing at CCP Games
 Elísabet Indra Ragnarsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Helena Þrastardóttir - librarian / music lover
 Helga Vala Helgadóttir - lawyer at Valva / music lover
 Hildur Maral Hamíðsdóttir - journalist with Rjominn.is / PR and management
 Höskuldur Daði Magnússon - journalist with Fréttablaðið
 Kamilla Ingibergsdóttir - pr and marketing at Iceland Airwaves Music Festival
 Ólafur Páll Gunnarsson - program manager and host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Ómar Eyþórsson - radio show host at Radio X-ið 977
 Trausti Júlíusson - journalist with Fréttablaðið
 Þorkell Máni Pétursson - radio show host at Radio X-ið 977

In the panel for 2012 Kraumur Awards:
 Alexandra Kjeld - music journalist
 Andrea Jónsdóttir  - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Anna Andersen - editor of Reykjavik Grapevine
 Arnar Eggert Thoroddsen - journalist with Morgunblaðið and independent music writer
 Arndís Björk Ásgeirsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Árni Matthíasson - head of panel, journalist with Morgunblaðið
 Ása Dýradóttir - musician / Mammút
 Benedikt Reynisson - Benson is Fantastic music blog and music journalist for Kjarninn
 Egill Harðarson - web designer / editor of Rjominn.is
 Elísabet Indra Ragnarsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Guðni Tómasson- music lover, historian and chairman of the board of directors, The Iceland Symphony Orchestra
 Haukur S. Magnússon - philosopher, musician and editor for Grapevine
 Helena Þrastardóttir, Helga Vala Helgadóttir
 Hildur Maral Hamíðsdóttir - journalist with [Rjo]minn.is / PR and management [Projecta]
 Höskuldur Daði Magnússon - journalist/editor with Fréttatíminn
 Kamilla Ingibergsdóttir - pr and marketing at Iceland Airwaves Music Festival
 Ólafur Halldór Ólafsson Óli Dóri)- radio show host at Radio X-ið 977 and music blogger for [Straum.is]
 Ólafur Páll Gunnarsson - program manager and host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Sólrún Sumarliðadóttir - musician / amiina
 Trausti Júlíusson - enthusiastic music specialist and journalist

In the panel for 2013 Kraumur Awards:
 Andrea Jónsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 2
 Anna Andersen - editor of Reykjavik Grapevine
 Arnar Eggert Thoroddsen - journalist with Morgunblaðið and independent music writer
 Árni Matthíasson - head of panel, journalist with Morgunblaðið
 Benedikt Reynisson - Benson is Fantastic music blog and music journalist for Kjarninn
 Bob Cluness - reporter for Grapevine and music blogger
 Egill Harðarson - web designer / editor of Rjominn.is
 Elísabet Indra Ragnarsdóttir - radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Guðni Tómasson - music lover, historian and chairman of the board of directors, The Iceland Symphony Orchestra
 Haukur Viðar Alfreðsson - journalist for Fréttablaðið and punk-rocker, Morðingjarnir
 Helena Þrastardóttir - librarian / music lover
 Helga Vala Helgadóttir - lawyer at Valva / music lover
 Helga Þórey Jónsdóttir - enthusiastic music lover and film buff
 Höskuldur Daði Magnússon - journalist/editor with Fréttatíminn
 María Lilja Þrastardóttir - reporter
 Ólafur Halldór Ólafsson (Óli Dóri)- radio show host at Radio X-ið 977 and music blogger for [Straum.is]
 Ragnheiður Eiríksdóttir - musician Hellvar, philosopher and radio host at Rás 2
 Trausti Júlíusson - enthusiastic music specialist and journalist
 Valdís Thor - photographer and music lover
 Þórunn Edda Magnúsdóttir - shop manager for 12 Tónar Harpa

References

External links

 Kraumur official site
 Kraumur official site - English
 Trade Council of Iceland, Kraumur Award Winners 2008
 Iceland's Kraumur Awards 2008 Documentary - SPIN Magazine; SPIN Earth

European music awards
Icelandic awards


Hieronimo Squarciafico was a 15th-century Venetian editor, who worked for the Italian humanist and printer Aldus Manutius, the founder of the Aldine Press at Venice. Squarciafico is best known for bemoaning the printing press in an aphorism that reads as a pithy summation of his contemporaries' concerns over the spread of printed works: "Abundance of books makes men less studious". Initially, in 1477, he wrote enthusiastically about the works he was engaged in having printed. Yet, a few years later, in 1481, Squarciafico appeared to hold a more skeptical view when he imagined a discussion between the spirits of the great authors of the past being held in the Elysian Fields in which some of them lauded the craft of printing; while others complained that "printing had fallen into the hands of unlettered men, who corrupted almost everything"; and yet still others lamented that "their works would perish if they were not printed, since this art compels all writers to give way to it".

Squarciafico remains relevant today in criticisms of modern electronic culture; he has, in recent times, been quoted by theologian Walter J. Ong and technology critic Nicholas G. Carr, among others.

Notes

Bibliography

Italian editors
15th-century Italian businesspeople


Hayden Chisholm (born 27 May 1975) is a saxophonist and multi-instrumentalist from New Zealand. He performs jazz, improvised music, and contemporary classical music.

Life and career

Chisholm was raised in New Plymouth, New Zealand, by parents Heather and Doug Chisholm. His first musical experiences came with local Dixieland bands. He began playing clarinet at age nine before switching to what became his primary instrument, the alto saxophone, two years later. The early influences of Johnny Hodges, Sun Ra, Eric Dolphy were strong, being his first jazz records. He was a member of the award-winning New Plymouth Boys' High School Jazz band and won the prize for Most Outstanding Jazz Musician at the National Jazz Festival in Tauranga, 1991.

With a DAAD scholarship Chisholm attended the Musik Hochschule in Cologne, Germany. He studied saxophone with Frank Gratkowski. In 1997 he received the New Zealand Young Achievers Award which enabled him to continue his studies abroad. During these years he also studied Carnatic music in Chennai and travelled extensively in the Balkans learning the different musical traditions.

During his studies in Cologne Chisholm developed a system of micro-tonal fingerings for saxophone and so called "split-scales" which he presented on his 1996 debut solo CD Circe on Jazzhaus Musik. These scales split perfect intervals using quarter tones. His microtonal work was later featured on the Root70 album Root70 on 52nd 1/4 Street which received the German Critics Award.

During his studies in Cologne he met many musicians he still collaborates with today including Marcus Schmickler, Nils Wogram, John Taylor, Felix Fan, Adrian Brendel, Burnt Friedman, Jochen Rückert, Antonis Anissegos, Jaki Liebezeit, Claudio Bohorquez. He also worked under Mauricio Kagel who was then professor for composition.

Since 2000 he has collaborated with the German artist Rebecca Horn. His work with her is wide-ranging, from composing the music for major site-specific installations "Moonmirror" (Mallorca, 2003), "Lumiere en Prison" (Paris, 2002), Spiriti de Madre Perla" (Naples, 2002), "Twilight Transit" (NYC 2004), Heart Shadows (Lisbon, 2005), "Das Universum in einer Perle" (Berlin, 2006), to recomposing the music for her early performance films which was released on a complete DVD set in 2005. In 2008 he worked as assistant director with Horn for the Salvatore Sciarrino Opera Luci mie traditrici at the Salzburger Festspiele. In 2009 he composed the music for her film Fata Morgana which was premiered at the Teatro La Fenice Opera House during the Venice Biannale. In 2011 he composed the music for her documentary film "Moonmirror Journey" which premiered in Berlin.

In 2001 he composed music for the German Theater (Deutsches Schauspielhaus) in Hamburg, working on Maria Stuart by Schiller and Arabische Nacht by Schimmelpfennig. In 2006 and 2007 he was musical director of the Earth Festival in Kenya which featured a large cast of international musicians, including Huun Huur Tu. In 2008 he performed with David Sylvian on the "World is Everything" tour. Since 2006 he teaches a yearly masterclass on Mount Pilion in Greece in the village of Agios Lavrentios. His course "The G-string of Pythagoras" fuses saxophone, just intonation, ancient music theory, and improvisation. In 2008 he was assistant director at the Salzburg Festspiele of the Opera "Luci Mie Traditrici" by Salvatore Sciarrino. In 2012 Chisholm was featured in the feature documentary Sound of Heimat – Deutschland singt directed by Arne Birkenstock and Jan Tengeler. In the film, Chisholm travels through Germany and explores authentic forms of German folk music. In 2013 he released a 13-CD Box set 13 Views of the Heart's Cargo which presents his most important recordings dating back to 2001. The first CD in this box, Love in Numbers, features works for saxophone in which Chisholm explores the Fibonacci series as it manifests in the overtone series.

In 2015 Hayden Chisholm contributed to Waywords and Meansigns, a collaborative project setting James Joyce's Finnegans Wake to music.

Hayden is a member of the quartet Root 70 with trombonist Nils Wogram. In 2018 Chisholm was a finalist at the New Zealand Jazz Awards in the Recorded Music NZ Best Jazz Artist category.

Discography

As leader/co-leader
 Circe (Jazzhaus Musik, 1996)
 Miniatures (2nd Floor, 1999)
 Subultra: NGC2997 with Jochen Bohnes (Subultra Edition, 2000)
 Master Fu's Relaxation Exercises (2002)
 Subultra: Subultra Live with Jochen Bohnes (Subultra Edition, 2003)
 Music for Rebecca Horn's Installations (Holzwarth Publications, 2005)
 Nearness (Holzwarth Publications, 2005)
 Doha: Music to Benefit the Great Stupa at Shambhala Mountain Center with Claudio Bohorquez and Gareth Lubbe (Padma Media, 2005)
 Amazing Daze with Marcus Schmickler (Haepna, 2006)
 The Embassadors : Healing the Music (Nonplace, 2007)
 The Embassadors: Coptic Dub (Nonplace, 2009)
 Breve (Pirouet, 2015)
Unwind
 Unwind: Unwind (Rattle, 2017)
 Unwind: Orange (Rattle, 2018)
 Unwind: Saffron (Rattle, 2020)
 Unwind: Daylight (Rattle, 2023)

13 Views of the Heart's Cargo (Moontower Foundation, 2013) (13-CD box set)
 Love in Numbers
 The Rabbit's Dream of the Inner Mongolia
 Nearness Live
 Lula Pena and Hayden Chisholm Live in Berlin
 Hayden plays Haydn
 Mute Density with the Lucern Jazz Orchestra
 Fragmented Teaching
 The Dharma Cowboy
 The Life of Hands in Love
 Breve - Live at Plush
 The Well-Tempered Sruti Box
 Auto-Poetica – Works for Saxophone
 My Blood Flows from Scotland to Armenia

Cusp of Oblivion (Moontower Foundation, 2016) (13-CD box set)
 Cusp of Oblivion
 Sisyphus Runs
 The Void Between Us
 Finn Again Wakes
 Temptation
 Glowing Core
 Blowslap
 Cassiopeian Slowdance
 Ace of My Heart
 Transitioning Alpha Theta
 Sacred Love and Pain
 Oracle Hymns
 Star Shepherd

As sideman
With Bernd Friedmann
 Burnt Friedman & The Nu Dub Players: Can't Cool (Nonplace, 2003)
 Burnt Friedman & Jaki Liebezeit: Out in the Sticks with David Sylvian (Nonplace, 2005)
 Burnt Friedman & Jaki Liebezeit: Secret Rhythms 2 (Nonplace, 2005)
 Flanger: Spirituals (Nonplace, 2005)
 Burnt Friedman: First Night Forever (Nonplace, 2007)
 Burnt Friedman & Jaki Liebezeit: Secret Rhythms 3 (Nonplace, 2008)
 Flanger: Bibliotheque Pascal (Nonplace, 2010)
 Burnt Friedman & Jaki Liebezeit: Secret Rhythms 4 (Nonplace, 2012)
 Burnt Friedman: Bokoboko (Nonplace, 2012)

With Sebastian Gramss
 Slow Fox: The Wood (Jazzwerkstatt, 2014)
Slow Fox: Gentle Giants (Traumton, 2017)

With Nine Horses
 Money for All (Samadhi Sound, 2007)
 Snow Borne Sorrow with David Sylvian and Steve Jansen (Samadhi Sound, 2005)

With Pluramon
 Dreams Top Rock (Karaoke Kalk, 2003)
 The Monstrous Surplus (Karaoke Kalk, 2007)

With Dejan Terzic
 Melanoia (Enja, 2013)
 Red (BMC, 2016)
 Labyrinth (Enja, 2015)

With Nils Wogram's Root 70
 Root 70 (2nd Floor, 2000)
 Gettin' Rooted (Enja, 2004)
 Heaps Dub (Nonplace, 2005)
 Fahrvergnugen (Intuition, 2006)
 Root 70 on 52nd 1/4 St (Intuition, 2009)
 Listen to Your Woman (Nwog, 2011)
 Rio Mare (Nwog, 2013)
 Wise Men Can't Be Wrong (Nwog, 2015)
 Luxury Habits (Nwog, 2017)

With Zeitkratzer
 Cheap Imitation – Schonberg Pierrot Lunaire with Reinhold Friedl and Markus Weiser (Zeitkratzer, 2007)
 Volksmusik (Zeitkratzer, 2008)
 Electronics – Carsten Nicolai (Zeitkratzer, 2008)
 Electronics – Terre Thaemlitz (Zeitkratzer, 2008)
 Electronics – Keiki Haino (Zeitkratzer, 2008)
 Old School – Alvin Lucier (Zeitkratzer, 2010)
 Old School – James Tenney (Zeitkratzer, 2010)
 Old School – John Cage (Zeitkratzer, 2010)
 Plays Pres [Polish Radio Experimental Studio], (Bold, 2010)

With others
 Hans Ludemann RISM 7: FutuRISM (Jazz Haus Musik, 1998)
 Jochen Rueckert: Introduction (Jazzline, 1998)
 John Goldsby: Viewpoint (Nagel-Heyer, 2001)
 Nils Wogram Sextet: Odd and Awkward (Enja, 2001)
 Thorsten Wollmann/WDR Big Band Cologne: Colours of Siam (In & Out, 2002)
 Antonis Anissegos: Amoebas (Konnex, 2004)
 Dan Sperber Complex: I (2006)
 Coloma: Love's Recurring Dream (Italic, 2009)
 Juergen Friedrich: Monosuite (Pirouet, 2012)
 P.O.P: Täbriz (Monotype Records, 2013)
 Norman Meehan: Small Holes in the Silence (Rattle, 2015)
 Nautilus: Infrablue (Two Rivers, 2016)
 Wout Gooris: Some Time (2016)
 Tilo Weber: Four Fauns (Mallet Muse, 2018)
Nils Wogram: Muse (NWog, 2021)

References

External links

1975 births
Living people
New Zealand musicians
People educated at New Plymouth Boys' High School
21st-century saxophonists
Experimental musicians
Free improvisation saxophonists
Jazz composers
Jazz alto saxophonists
Jazz fusion musicians
Jazz fusion saxophonists
Pirouet Records artists
Enja Records artists


The 2008–09 Savannah State Tigers basketball team competed in American basketball on behalf of Savannah State University. The Tigers competed in the NCAA Division I as an independent. The head coach is Horace Broadnax who is in his fourth year.  The team played its home games at Tiger Arena in Savannah, Georgia.  The Tigers entered the season seeking to improve on the 13–18 record posted in the 2007–08 season.

Season notes

Pre-season notes
 - Mark St. Fort, Arnold Louis, Rashad Hassan, Josh Smith and Glen Izevbigie sign letters-of-intent with Savannah State University.

Regular season notes
 - The game against South Carolina State University was moved from Saturday, December 20, 2008, to Wednesday, January 14, 2009. The schedule change was made because inclement weather delayed the return of the South Carolina State men's basketball team from another competition.

Roster

Coaching Staff

Schedule

Awards
Junior guard/forward Jovonni Shuler and freshman forward Rashad Hassan received Honorable Mention honors on the 2008-09 Division I All-Independent men's basketball team.
Chris Linton and Raye Bailey were selected as co-Most Valuable Player for the 2008–09 season.

References

Savannah State Tigers
Savannah State Tigers basketball seasons
Savannah State Tigers basketball team
Savannah State Tigers basketball team


WMLK (9.275 MHz) is a shortwave radio station in Bethel, Pennsylvania owned by the Assemblies of Yahweh.  WMLK derives its callsign from MLK, representing the consonants of the Hebrew word "malak" (מַלְאָךְ) meaning a "messenger" or angel. A different vocalisation of the word will also yield the definition salt.

History
Elder Jacob O. Meyer initiated the Assemblies of Yahweh ministry through a radio ministry in 1966. These broadcasts were called the Sacred Name Broadcast. In the years following, Elder Jacob O. Meyer discussed with the brethren of the Assemblies of Yahweh the possibility of completing the Great Commission of  without having to resort to the expensive outreach of using commercial radio stations. The Great Commission requires that the Good News is proclaimed and preached throughout the world as a witness and then the end will come. It was decided that having a radio station of their own would be advantageous  to the ministry. They came to the conclusion that Bethel was strategically placed for sending radio signals throughout the earth, as they could cover much of the earth's landmass from their position.

In 1981, the Assemblies of Yahweh bought a 50,000-watt radio transmitter which was converted into a tool for shortwave broadcasting. From this point onwards, the Assemblies of Yahweh began to build their own radio station in order to "proclaim Yahweh's Truth".   Two prominent members of the Assemblies of Yahweh were hired to work on this project, both in the dismantling and rebuilding of WMLK. One of those individuals was chief engineer Deacon Gary McAvin who, after moving to Bethel with his family has continued to work on the transmitter for more than 40 years.

The history of the old WMLK transmitter dates back to 1985, when they began broadcasting on shortwave using an RCA BTA-50G. These transmitter models were first produced by RCA in 1947. WMLK's transmitter had to be specially modified to be able to transmit in the station's allocated shortwave frequency spectrum. Reports show that the station was heard on every continent in the world and interest was generated in the ministry. In 2017, a long project was undertaken by the ministry to buy a new transmitter. The new shortwave transmitter would now be manufactured by the Ampegon company and would be of high power from 300 to 450 kW. Ampegon's state-of-the-art transmitter features several improvements to the last transmitter including a high performance PSM power supply, the latest filtering technology and an intuitive control system, called UCS, which allows the entire transmitter to be operated from a single touch screen, or even remotely over the internet.

The task of installing this transmitter was not easy. The transmitter required a different power supply, a complex cooling system and a chiller unit.

In June 2022, WMLK returned to the air.

The Elijah message
The plans for WMLK's large antenna revealed the shape of a trumpet or shofar''' (). These steel posts (once sign posts), hoist the WMLK antennas skyward, standing over a busy Interstate Route 78. The Assemblies of Yahweh believe that this is a fulfillment of the prophecy found in  where it talks about making ‘guide-posts’ toward the highway. The steel posts used to hoist the antenna grid in the air were recycled from sign posts used on the interstate highway.  The message of these radio broadcasts is considered to be the Elijah message. The Bible refers to an Elijah that would make its appearance before the return of the Messiah in  and in . The Assemblies of Yahweh point out that Elijah means My El (El) is Yahweh (Jah). Elijah was very zealous for the exclusivity in the worship of Yahweh in and in the competition at Mount Carmel, he repaired or restored the worship of Yahweh.

The Assemblies of Yahweh proclaim the necessity of keeping the commandments of Yahweh, and using the correct Name for the Almighty and the Messiah. This forms a stark contrast against Christianity which deems none of these things important for our salvation.

The Assemblies of Yahweh believe that the radio signal is in Yahweh's hands, to push the signal where he pleases, claiming that Yahweh is in control of the ionosphere. Because this message goes across internationally to many countries in mid-heaven, the Assemblies of Yahweh have compared the signal to the angel mentioned in Revelation 14:6-7 which travels in mid-heaven proclaiming the Good News. They note that the angel is commanding "7 Fear Yahweh, and give him glory; for the hour of his judgment has come: and worship him that made the heaven and the earth and sea and fountains of waters." (Sacred Scriptures Bethel Edition). The term 'god' is used in most translations, however, the Assemblies of Yahweh believe the Name was removed from the New Testament and they have restored it to its rightful place.

The future plans
The Assemblies of Yahweh are broadcasting WMLK on shortwave radio 6 days a week on 9275 kHZ between 17:00 - 22:00 GMT (1:00 - 6:00 PM EDST). They also utilize the frequency 15150 kHZ between 0400 - 0900 GMT (12 midnight to 5 AM EDST). WMLK radio can also be heard online on the site WMLKradio.com 24/7. The Assemblies of Yahweh believe that one of the first steps to salvation is to listen to the messages (Mark 12:29). As a result, they place great emphasis on listening to these messages. WMLK radio is also hoped to be broadcast 24/7 (day and night) and also digitally in the future.

 Radio broadcasts
The Assemblies of Yahweh are a small organization, but they are constantly trying to spread the message as far as possible in order to get the message out to as many people as possible before what they consider to be impending judgement. Here is a list of some of the channels they broadcast the Sacred Name Broadcast'' on for radio. They also broadcast on television.

See also
Sacred Scriptures Bethel Edition
Jacob O. Meyer
End Times

References

External links
Assemblies of Yahweh official website
Welcome to WMLK Radio
WMLK Radio via TuneIn.com

MLK
Shortwave radio stations in the United States
Assemblies of Yahweh
Radio stations established in 1981


The Savannah State Tigers basketball team represents Savannah State University and competes in NCAA Division II as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference since July 2019. The Tigers play their home games in Tiger Arena on the university's Savannah, Georgia campus.

They are currently coached by Horace Broadnax who is in his 17th season as head coach of the Tigers.

They competed in NCAA Division I in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference from 2010–2019, but never qualified for the NCAA Division I Tournament. On April 17, 2017, the school announced that it would return to Division II due to financial issues associated with competing in Division I. On December 7, 2017, the school announced it would rejoin Division II's Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) following the 2018–19 academic year, pending NCAA approval.
Since joining the SIAC in the 2019-2020 academic year, the Tigers have won a SIAC Conference Championship (2021) and made a NCAA Division II National Tournament Appearance (2021).

History

Conference championships and NCAA playoffs

Prior to moving into the NCAA, the Tigers appeared in post season play in the NAIA collegiate level. The Tigers appeared in 3 NAIA National Men's Basketball National Tournaments in 1960, 1961, and 1962 with a total combined tournament record of 2–3.

Before moving to Division I the team won the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference championship in 1970, 1979, 1980, and 1981.

The 1978–79 Tigers won an overtime game against Albany (NY) (82–81) in the first round of the NCAA Division III playoffs, but lost in the second round to Centre College (82–54).

In the 1980 Division III playoffs, the Tigers defeated UNC Greensboro in the first round (61–58) before losing to Lane College in the regional championships (87–70).

The 1980–81 Tigers won the SIAC Division III Championship and the NCAA South Regional Championship before finishing the season as the NCAA Division III South Quarterfinal runner-up. During this run they defeated the Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in the first round (76–62), and Rhodes College in the regional championships (76–75) before losing an overtime game to Otterbein College in the quarterfinals (67– 64).

Division I
The school gained notoriety when they finished the 2004–05 season a winless 0–28, the first Division I team to do so since Prairie View A&M in 1991–92.

Horace Broadnax became the men's head basketball coach in 2005. In his sixth year as the head coach of the Tigers, the 2011–12 season, he was named the MEAC Coach of the Year as he guided the team to a 14–2 conference record and the school's first MEAC regular season title.

The Tigers were the 2011–12 MEAC regular season champions and received an automatic bid into the 2012 NIT, their first ever appearance in any Division I tournament as a Division I member. The team posted a 21–10 overall mark and lead the MEAC in scoring defense, only allowing 58.9 points per game and were second in the conference in scoring margin (+5.4).

The Tigers were ineligible for postseason play in the 2016–17 season due to APR violations. The Tigers were initially ruled to be ineligible for postseason play for a second consecutive season in 2017–18 due to APR violations. However, the NCAA granted the Tigers a waiver which would allow them to participate in postseason play.

On April 17, 2017, the school announced that it would return to Division II due to financial issues associated with competing in Division I. On December 7, 2017, the school announced it would rejoin Division II's SIAC, pending NCAA approval.

NCAA records

Savannah State set the NCAA records for fewest points in a half (4 points) and the worst field goal percentage in a half (4.3 percent) in an 85–25 loss to Kansas State on January 7, 2009. The Tigers completed the second half 1-for-23, breaking the shot-clock era record.

Postseason

NCAA Division II
The Tigers have appeared in the NCAA Division II Tournament once.

NCAA Division III
The Tigers have appeared in the NCAA Division III Tournament three times. Their combined record is 4–2.

NAIA tournament results
The Tigers have appeared in the NAIA Tournament three times. Their combined record is 2–3.

NIT results
The Tigers have appeared in the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) one time. Their record is 0–1.

CIT results
The Tigers have appeared in the CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament (CIT) two times. Their combined record is 0–2.

Season by season record

 Conference regular season Champions  Conference tournament champions  Conference Tournament and regular season champions

Notable alumni

Six Savannah State alumni became members of the Harlem Globetrotters:
Tyrone "Hollywood" Brown
Harold "Bobo" Hubbard
Matt "Showbiz" Jackson
Mike Jordan
Kevin Sutlon
Vincent White

References


András Törő (born July 10, 1940) is an American sprint canoer who competed from the early 1960s to the mid-1970s. Competing in four Summer Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the C-2 1000 m event at Rome in 1960 with  Imre Farkas.

Törő defected from Hungary during the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Earning his degree from the University of Michigan, he went to work as a naval architect and marine engineer. Becoming an American citizen in 1971, Törő competed for the United States in two more Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of sixth in the semifinal event of the C-1 1000 m event at Munich in 1972.

In 2022, Törő received the U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Committee's Olympic & Paralympic Torch Award in recognition of his contributions to the Olympic movement.

See also
 List of Eastern Bloc defectors

References

External links
Sports-reference.com profile

1940 births
American male canoeists
21st-century American engineers
Canoeists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Hungarian male canoeists
Hungarian defectors
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Hungary
Olympic canoeists for the United States
Olympic bronze medalists for Hungary
University of Michigan alumni
Olympic medalists in canoeing
Defectors to the United States
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics


István Thomán (; 4 November 186222 September 1940) was a Hungarian piano virtuoso and music educator. He was a notable piano teacher, with students including Béla Bartók, Ernő Dohnányi, Paul de Marky who later taught Oscar Peterson in Quebec, Gisela Selden-Goth, and Georges Cziffra. His six-volume Technique of Piano Playing is still in use today.

Early life and education
Thomán was born in Homonna, Zemplén County, Kingdom of Hungary (now in Slovakia) in 1862 to Jewish parents, Dr. David Thomán and Rosa Weisberger. Recognised for his talent, he became a favorite student of Franz Liszt. Liszt appointed him to teach at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music in Budapest, but had to retire suddenly at the age of 45.

Career
Thomán toured with Liszt, was present at his death and was a pallbearer at his funeral. Thomán, along with fellow Liszt student Árpád Szendy, were important in carrying on the Liszt style through their teaching at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music.

As a teacher at the Royal Academy, Thomán took on a 17-year-old Ernő Dohnányi as a student in 1894. In 1903, a 21-year-old Béla Bartók dedicated his Study for the Left Hand to Thomán. The study is a Sonata performed entirely with one hand. In his Studies on Chopin's Études Leopold Godowsky dedicated Opus 25 No. 11 (A minor) to Thomán.

Thomán's daughter, Mária Thomán (1899–1948), became a noted concert violinist and studied with Jenő Hubay, Franz von Vecsey, Carl Flesch and Alma Moodie. She gave concerts throughout Europe, both as a soloist and in the accompaniment of philharmonic orchestras and chamber ensembles.

References

1862 births
1940 deaths
19th-century Hungarian people
20th-century Hungarian people
Hungarian classical pianists
Hungarian male musicians
Hungarian Jews
Male classical pianists
Jewish classical musicians
Piano pedagogues
Academic staff of the Franz Liszt Academy of Music
People from Humenné
Pupils of Franz Liszt
Musicians from Austria-Hungary


The Bazalgette Range is a small mountain range on the Coast of British Columbia, Canada, to the northwest of Loughborough Inlet in the Discovery Islands region.  It is named after Captain George Bazalgette, commander of the Royal Marines Light Infantry in the Colony of British Columbia.  The range is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains.

References

External links
Bazalgette Range in the Canadian Mountain Encyclopedia.

South Coast of British Columbia
Mountain ranges of British Columbia


"We are Seven" is a poem written by William Wordsworth and published in his Lyrical Ballads. It describes a discussion between an adult poetic speaker and a "little cottage girl" about the number of brothers and sisters who dwell with her. The poem turns on the question of whether to account two dead siblings as part of the family.

Background
Wordsworth claimed that the idea for We are Seven came to him while travelling alone across England in October 1793 after becoming separated from his friend, William Calvert. This solitude with nature he claimed encouraged him to reach a deeper understanding where the experience was no longer just for pleasure, as it was in his earlier days, but also hinted at a darker side. Immersed in these feelings, Wordsworth came to Goodrich Castle and met a little girl who would serve as the model for the little girl in We are Seven. Although there is no documentation on what the little girl actually told him during their conversation, she interested Wordsworth to such an extent that he wrote:
I have only to add that in the spring of 1841 I revisited Goodrich Castle, not having seen that part of the Wye since I met the little Girl there in 1793. It would have given me greater pleasure to have found in the neighbouring hamlet traces of one who had interested me so much; but it was impossible, as unfortunately I did not even know her name.
Wordsworth began to write the poem in early 1798 while working on many other poems modelled on the ballad form for a joint poetry collection with Samuel Coleridge. The collection was proposed in March because Wordsworth needed to raise money for a proposed journey to Germany with Coleridge. These poems were included in Lyrical Ballads and A Few Other Poems with a few written by Coleridge. Wordsworth describes the moment of finishing the poem:
My friends will not deem it too trifling to relate that while walking to and fro I composed the last stanza first, having begun with the last line. When it was all but finished, I came in and recited it to Mr. Coleridge and my Sister, and said, 'A prefatory stanza must be added, and I should sit down to our little tea-meal with greater pleasure if my task were finished.' I mentioned in substance what I wished to be expressed, and Coleridge immediately threw off the stanza thus:-
'A little child, dear brother Jim,' —
I objected to the rhyme, 'dear brother Jim,' as being ludicrous, but we all enjoyed the joke of hitching-in our friend, James T —'s name, who was familiarly called Jim. He was brother of the dramatist, and this reminds me of an anecdote which it may be worth while here to notice. The said Jem got a sight of the Lyrical Ballads as it was going through the press at Bristol, during which time I was residing in that city. One evening he came to me with a grave face, and said, 'Wordsworth, I have seen the volume that Coleridge and you are about to publish. There is one poem in it which I earnestly entrate you will cancel, for, if published, it will make you ever lastingly ridiculous.' I answered that I felt much obliged by the interest he took in my good name as a writer, and begged to know what was the unfortunate piece he alluded to. He said, 'It is called "We are seven."' Nay! said I, that shall take its chance, however, and he left me in despair.
The collection, including We are Seven, was accepted by Joseph Cottle in May 1798 and was soon after published anonymously. In 1820, the poem was republished as a broadside and titled "The Little Maid and the Gentleman".

Some guidebooks and locals in Conwy, Wales, claim Wordsworth was inspired to write the poem after seeing a gravestone at St Mary and All Saints Church in the town; this gravestone is marked "We are Seven."

The poem
The poem is a dialogue between a narrator who serves as a questioner and a little girl, with part of the evolving first stanza contributed by Coleridge. The poem is written in ballad form.

The poem begins with the narrator asking:
A simple child, dear brother Jim,
That lightly draws its breath,
And feels its life in every limb,
What should it know of death? (lines 1–4)
He transitions to describe a girl whose beauty pleased him:
She had a rustic, woodland air,
And she was wildly clad;
Her eyes were fair, and very fair;
—Her beauty made me glad. (lines 9–12)
He begins to question her about her siblings:
"Sisters and brothers, little Maid,
How many may you be?"
How many? seven in all," she said,
And wondering looked at me. (lines 13–16)
He questions her further, asking where they are, and she simply responds that two are in Wales, two are at sea, and two are buried in a churchyard near her home. He is confused by her answer and asks:
"Yet you are seven; I pray you tell,
"Sweet Maid, how this may be?" (lines 27–28)
She replies:
"Seven boys and girls are we;
"Two of us in the church-yard lie,
"Beneath the church-yard tree."  (lines 30–32)

He questions her further, trying to have her admit that there are only five but she responds:
"Their graves are green, they may be seen,"
The little Maid replied,
"Twelve steps or more from my mother's door,"
"And they are side by side."
"My stockings there I often knit,
"My 'kerchief there I hem;
"And there upon the ground I sit—
"I sit and sing to them.
"And often after sun-set, Sir,
"When it is light and fair,
"I take my little porringer,
"And eat my supper there (lines 36–48)
She then describes how they die, which prompts the narrator to ask:
"How many are you then," said I,
"If they two are in Heaven?" (lines 61–62)
After the little girl repeats that they were seven in number, the narrator, frustrated, replies:
"But they are dead: those two are dead!
"Their spirits are in Heaven!" (lines 65–66)
The poem ends with a divide between the child and the narrator:
'Twas throwing words away: for still
The little Maid would have her will,
And said, "Nay, we are seven!" (lines 67–69)

Ownership of the poem is in the public domain and the full text can be found on wikisource.

Interpretation and critical response
In his preface to Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth wrote that the poems exhibit a "power of real and substantial action and suffering" and, in particular to We are Seven, to express "the perplexity and obscurity which in childhood attend our notion of death, or rather our utter inability to admit that notion". Geoffrey Hartman points out that there is a subconscious cleaving to an idea to escape from a feeling of separation. The little girl in the poem is unable to realise that she is separated from her dead siblings. She is unable to understand death, and she is forever in an imaginative state of being, and nature is interfering to keep the girl from understanding her separation from her siblings. Susan J. Wolfson emphasised the reducing tone of the questioner, which allows the girl to articulate a more Romantic view of presence.

More recent scholarship, however, focuses on the sociological context for the poem, written the same year that Thomas Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population was published. Frances Ferguson argues that the poem stages a debate about personification in language. Scholars including Aaron Fogel, Hollis Robbins, and Heather Glen argue that the questions asked of the little girl follow the census polling forms proposed by John Rickman in his 1796 census proposal to Parliament.  Like Oliver Goldsmith's "The Deserted Village", Robbins argues, Wordsworth's "We Are Seven" "promotes a traditional link between individuals and the place they were born." Peter DeBolla argues that the poem is irresolvable partly because of the math in the poem—the evenhanded tension between even and odd. Maureen McLane reads the poem in the context of moral philosophy and argues that while the girl and the questioner speak the same language, they have wholly different views about time, death, and counting. John Mahoney argues, "The seemingly silly squabble between adult and child is already a revelation of the early and continuing tension in the poet between the hope for a perpetual bliss and the incursion of a harsh reality."

See also
1798 in poetry

References

Bibliography
 Bateson, F. W. Wordsworth: A Re-Interpretation. London: Longmans, 1954.
 Frances Ferguson. Solitude and the Sublime: Romanticism and the Aesthetics of Individuation (New York: Routledge, 1992),
 Hartman, Geoffrey. Wordsworth's Poetry 1787–1814. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967.
 Mahoney, John. William Wordsworth: A Poetic Life. New York: Fordham University Press, 1997.
 Maureen N. McLane, Romanticism and the Human Sciences: Poetry, Population, and the Discourse of the Species (Cambridge University Press, 2000) 53–62.
 Moorman, Mary. William Wordsworth A Biography: The Early Years 1770–1803. London: Oxford University Press, 1968.
 Robbins, Hollis.  “William Wordsworth’s ‘We Are Seven’ and the First British Census.” ELN 48.2, Fall/Winter 2010
 Susan J. Wolfson, The Questioning Presence: Wordsworth, Keats, and the Interrogative Mode in Romantic Poetry, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1986)
 Wordsworth, William. Poems by William Wordsworth. New York: McClure Phillips, 1907.
 Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads: With Pastoral and Other Poems. London: Biggs and Cottle, 1802

External links

Poetry by William Wordsworth
1798 poems


Arnolfo is the Italian form of the given name Arnulf.

 Arnulf I, Archbishop of Milan (died 974), Archbishop of Milan
 Arnulf II, Archbishop of Milan (died 1018)
 Arnulf III, Archbishop of Milan (died 1097)
 Arnolfo di Cambio (born c.1240), architect

See also
Arnulf (disambiguation)


Avendaño is a Spanish surname. It is believed to have originated in Galicia, then passed to the Basque Country, and later spread to other areas of Spain and Portugal as well as Latin America.

People
Notable people with the surname include:

 Dr. Diego Núñez de Avendaño, Peruvian 16th century judge and, briefly, viceroy of Peru
 Diego de Avendaño, Spanish-Peruvian 17th century Jesuit academic
 Fernando Avendaño, Peruvian 17th century priest
 Guillermo Flores Avendaño, President of Guatemala briefly in 1957-58
 Hugo Avendaño, Mexican singer and actor
 Jorge Avendaño, Mexican pianist, composer, songwriter and music producer
 Juan Avendaño, Spanish tennis player
 Juan Pablo Avendaño, Argentine footballer
 Manuel Avendaño, Chilean footballer
 Nazareth Avendaño, Costa Rican diplomat
 Pedro de Avendaño, Spanish conquistador
 Pedro Medina Avendaño, Colombian poet
 Serafín Avendaño, Spanish painter
 Víctor Avendaño, Argentine boxer
 Justin Avendano, Cricketer

Famous Criminals
 The Avendaño brothers of the 2017 Netflix and Univision series, El Chapo, based on the real-life drug lords of the Tijuana drug cartel (a.k.a. the Arellano-Félix Organization):
 Benjamín Arellano Félix
 Ramón Arellano Félix

References

Surnames


Ottokar Fischer Marteau (November 10, 1873 – December 1, 1940) was an Austrian magician.

History
Ottokar Fischer Marteau, also known as (born) Ottokar Fischer (November 10, 1873, Leschan () - December 1, 1940) was born in a small village Leschan in Austrian Empire. In 1883 his parents moved to Vienna, where he saw Charles Obra, Mellini, Ben Ali Bey, and other noted performers. He gave his own first public performance at age 18. He billed himself as "O.F. Marteau".

In 1896 Fischer met George Heubeck, who was the successor of Johann Nepomuk Hofzinser, who taught him all of Hofzinser's effects. Fischer also previously had studied with A. Fredmar the only pupil of Compars Herrmann.

Fischer confessed that he did not find a lot of personal information about Hofzinser. He based his knowledge mainly on delivered stories and information by Hofzinser's friends and pupils and on detected letters and manuscripts as well as on several magic props of Hofzinser which he got from his friends.

Starting in 1898 he managed and appeared regularly at the Kratky Baschik theatre in Vienna, a magic theatre with nearly 1000 seats. For 12 years he performed daily with a two and a half-hour show of magic. Several times Fischer performed before the Imperial Court of Austria and before other crowned heads.

He performed for many years as a magician, before retiring after World War I to write a history of the art of magic.

Fischer was the founder of the "Wiener Magischer Klub" and its president for many years.

April 1936, was on cover of International Brotherhood of Magicians magazine 'The Linking Ring'.

In 1939 the Society of American Magicians made Fischer an honorary member.

Published works
 J. N. Hofzinser's Card Conjuring - Kartenkünste (1910)
 Illustrated Magic (Das Wunderbuch der Zauberkunst) (1929) Translated into English by J. Barrows Mussey and Fulton Oursler. THis book was republished in Canada by Coles in 1980 under the same name, Illustrated Magic.
Aus Eins mach Zehn... (ein Wiener Zauberbuch) (1933)
 The Magic of J.N. Hofzinser - J. N. Hofzinser Zauberkünste (1942) Translated into English by Richard Hatch

See also
 Anton Kratky-Baschik (de)
 Card magic
 List of magicians

References

External links

 German Wikipedia entry Ottokar Fischer
 Ottokar Fischer biography
 Ottokar Fischer biography (german)
 Magischer Klub Wein - Historical Pictures

Austrian magicians
Card magic
German Bohemian people
1873 births
1940 deaths
Magicians from Austria-Hungary


Kathy J. Byron (born September 5, 1953) is an American politician. She was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1997 as a Republican, representing the 22nd district in the Virginia Piedmont, consisting of parts of Bedford, Campbell and Franklin Counties and the city of Lynchburg. Byron and her husband received a tax break designated for a person’s primary residence in Florida, she says her husband is a resident but she is not.

Virginia House of Delegates
In February 2012, Byron sponsored HB462, a bill that would require that Virginia women seeking an abortion would have to undergo a transvaginal ultrasound, without her written consent and even if it is against the wishes of her doctor.

After the controversy caused by passing of this bill by Virginia representatives, Governor Bob McDonnell amended the bill to include language that would require the written consent of the woman seeking an abortion, and would also require only a transabdominal ultrasound. However, Byron urged rejection of the amendment on its grounds that a transvaginal ultrasound is an invasive procedure because, "[i]f we want to talk about invasiveness, there's nothing more invasive than the procedure that she is about to have," she said, referring to her belief that abortions harm viable persons within the womb.

In January 2017, she proposed HB2108, a bill that would prevent municipalities from expanding beyond their current footprint and from building and offering broadband to those within the municipalities.

In September 2023 Byron resigned from the Virginia House after being appointed as deputy director for external affairs at the Virginia Department of Workforce Development and Advancement.

Electoral history

Notes

External links

1953 births
Living people
Republican Party members of the Virginia House of Delegates
Women state legislators in Virginia
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
20th-century American politicians
20th-century American women politicians


A cartoning machine or cartoner, is a packaging machine that forms cartons: erect, close, folded, side seamed and sealed cartons.

Packaging machines which form a carton board blank into a carton filled with a product or bag of products or number of products say into single carton, after the filling, the machine engages its tabs / slots to apply adhesive and close both the ends of carton completely sealing the carton.

Cartoning machines can be divided into two types:
 Horizontal cartoning machines
 Vertical cartoning machines

A cartoning machine which picks a single piece from stack of folded carton and erects it, fills with a product or bag of products or number of products horizontally through an open end and closes by tucking the end flaps of the carton or applying glue or adhesive. The product might be pushed in the carton either through the mechanical sleeve or by pressurized air. For many applications however, the products are inserted into the carton manually. This type of Cartoning machine is widely used for packaging foodstuffs, confectionery, medicine, cosmetics, sundry goods, etc.

A cartoning machine which erects a folded carton, fills with a product or number of products vertically through an open end and closes by either tucking the end flaps of the carton or applying glue or adhesive, is called an end load cartoning machine. Cartoning machines are widely used for packaging bottled foodstuffs, confectionery, medicine, cosmetics, etc., and can vary based on the scale of business.

See also
 Folding carton

References

Books
 Hanlon, Kelsey, and Forcinio; Handbook of Package Engineering (CRC Press, 1998)
 Soroka, W, "Fundamentals of Packaging Technology", IoPP, 2002,
 Yam, K. L., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009,

Secondary sector of the economy
Packaging machinery


Claude E. McKinney (June 9, 1929, in Greensboro, North Carolina – November 11, 2008, in Raleigh, North Carolina) was a chief contributor to the design of Research Triangle Park and was dean of the North Carolina State University School of Design from 1973 to 1988. He was also the planner and director of the university's Centennial Campus. He died from Progressive supranuclear palsy.

Education
McKinney graduated with honours from Pfeiffer Junior College (now Pfeiffer University) in Misenheimer, North Carolina. In 1951 he graduated from the University of North Carolina with a degree in painting and design, later doing graduate work in the same subjects at UNC.

Notes

1929 births
2008 deaths
North Carolina State University faculty
People from Greensboro, North Carolina
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
Architectural theoreticians
Pfeiffer University alumni
20th-century American academics


"Blood and Water" is the title of a song, included as the A-side of a 7" single by the British band Palm Springs. The song was originally released in 2007 as a single-sided, ultra-limited edition 7" single commemorating the 1000th edition of Wolfgang Doebeling’s Roots radio show on Berlin's Radio Eins.

In December 2008, "Blood And Water" was released as a 7" single by the Berlin record label Rank Records.

The single is unique in that it's the only Palm Springs record not released on Randoms Acts Of Vinyl.

Notes

2008 singles
Palm Springs (band) songs
2008 songs


Highway 302 is a national highway in greater Bangkok, Thailand. It includes two connecting roads: Rattanathibet Road and Ngam Wong Wan Road.

Route 302 is  long, of which  is in Nonthaburi, and  is in Bangkok.

Rattanathibet Road
Rattanathibet Road () starts at Kanchanaphisek Road (Motorway Route 9) in Sao Thong Hin subdistrict, Bang Yai District, Nonthaburi, and runs east through Bang Bua Thong District, passes Bang Kruai - Sai Noi Road (Route 3215) at Bang Phlu intersection () and Mueang Nonthaburi district, passes Ratchaphruek Road () at Bang Rak Noi intersection and crosses the Chao Phraya River on the Phra Nang Klao Bridge and Phra Nang Klao Parallel Bridge, passes Nonthaburi 1 Road () (Route 3110) and passes Liang Mueang Nonthaburi Road and continues east until it ends at Khae Rai intersection, where it intersects with Tiwanon Road (Route 306) and the route continues as Ngam Wong Wan Road.

Ngam Wong Wan Road
Ngam Wong Wan Road () continues east from Rattanathibet Road at Khae Rai intersection in Nonthaburi, crossing into Bangkok at Lak Si District, then passing through Chatuchak District, ending at Kaset intersection, where it intersects with Phahonyothin Road. Via a bypass tunnel beneath Kasetsart, the road continues as Prasoet Manukit Road (Thailand Route 351).

Ngam Wong Wan Road is named for Damrong Ngamwongwan (), a Department of Highways engineer who oversaw construction of the road. It was a policy of the Plaek Phibunsongkhram government that new roads be named for their chief engineers.

References

External links
 Thailand Route 302 on Google Maps.

Streets in Bangkok
National highways in Thailand


The Seibu SPI System is Seibu Kaihatsu's custom arcade system board. The Seibu SPI system board uses interchangeable game cartridges, however, each cartridge is region specific, and must be paired with a board of the same region. Seibu SPI boards "update" when a game cartridge is changed. This process takes about 10 minutes to complete, and only has to be performed once after a cart change.

There is also a single-board version of the SPI hardware.

Technical specifications
CPU: Intel 80386-DX 32-bit CISC CPU 25 MHz
 AMD AM386-DX/DXL 25 MHz CPU used on some models
Graphics processor: Custom Seibu graphics hardware
 240 x 320 pixels
 6144 colors max
Sound processor: Yamaha YMF271-F (OPX), Zilog Z80 CPU 8 MHz
Storage media: ROM, EPROM

List of Seibu SPI games

Senkyu (Battle Balls)
E-Jan High School
E-Jan Sakurasou
Raiden Fighters
Raiden Fighters 2
Raiden Fighters Jet
Viper Phase 1

Arcade system boards
x86-based computers


Above the Buried Cry is the first album of American band Æon Spoke, led by Paul Masvidal and Sean Reinert. Seven tracks from this album were re-recorded on the self-titled album in 2007.

Track listing
All tracks by Paul Masvidal

 "No Answers" – 3:46
 "Pablo at the Park" – 5:15
 "Suicide Boy" – 3:34
 "Grace" – 5:54
 "Silence" – 4:22
 "Emmanuel" – 4:38
 "Face the Wind" – 5:37
 "For Good" – 4:11
 "Nothing" – 5:33
 "Yellowman" – 3:46

Personnel
 Paul Masvidal – Vocals, Guitar
 Sean Reinert – Drums, Percussion, Keyboards & Backing Vocals
 Evo – Guitar
 Stephen Gambina – Bass

External links
 Above the Buried Cry album info at Discogs

Æon Spoke albums
2004 debut albums


Irwell River may refer to:

River Irwell in North West England
Irwell River, New Zealand


Northern Songs: Canada's Best and Brightest is a compilation album of songs performed by some of Canada's "best and brightest" musicians, released in September 2008 under Rhino Records and sold exclusively at Starbucks locations through their Hear Music label.

Track listing
Feist - "Mushaboom"
Pilot Speed - "Knife-Gray Sea"
Cowboy Junkies - "Sweet Jane" (originally by The Velvet Underground)
The Band - "The Weight"
k.d. lang - "Constant Craving"
Rufus Wainwright - "Cigarettes and Chocolate Milk"
Sarah McLachlan - "Angel"
Ron Sexsmith - "All in Good Time"
Kate & Anna McGarrigle - "Entre Lajeunesse et la Sagesse"
Great Lake Swimmers - "Your Rocky Spine"
The Be Good Tanyas - "Ootischenia"
Broken Social Scene - "Swimmers"
Holly Cole - "I Can See Clearly Now" (originally by Johnny Nash)
Diana Krall - "Temptation" (originally by Tom Waits)
Leonard Cohen - "Anthem"

References

2008 compilation albums
Regional music compilation albums
Hear Music compilation albums
Rock compilation albums
Compilation albums by Canadian artists


The terms the Lobby and Lobby journalists collectively characterise the political journalists in the United Kingdom Houses of Parliament. The term derives from the special access they receive to the Members' Lobby. Lobby journalism refers to the news coverage, largely unattributed, generated by reporters from the political proceedings in Parliament.

History
In the 1870s a list was drawn up of parliamentary reporters who were permitted to mingle with MPs in the Members' Lobby. According to the parliamentary press gallery this had become necessary after the speaker Evelyn Denison, 1st Viscount Ossington had stopped members of the public wandering into the Members’ Lobby. Only people, including reporters, on the list kept by the Serjeant at Arms would be given access.

During the 20th century the nature of the Lobby evolved, from a secretive system whose existence was barely acknowledged, to a more or less formal briefing system, though still unattributable. During the government of John Major, cabinet secretary Lord Gus O'Donnell, agreed to allow lobby briefings to be attributed to "Downing Street sources". Lobby members can be briefed by other government and opposition spokespeople, but the Lobby rules insist that the identity of sources must not be revealed.

The Lobby rules are developed and enforced by its members through a committee, not imposed by government or parliament. Although it is a subsidiary of the press gallery, it has long operated independently.

An independent review of government communications in 2003, chaired by Bob Phillis, then chief executive of the Guardian Media Group, found that the Lobby system was not working effectively. The report, presented to the Cabinet Office in January 2004, concluded that the credibility of both government and the media are damaged by the impression that they are involved in a "closed, secretive and opaque insider process".

According to evidence received by the review, editors and journalists disliked public information being used as "the currency in a system of favouritism, selective release and partisan spinning". Ministers and officials in turn complained about the media offering a partial and distorted version of events, "often with little relationship to what was said at lobby briefings and relying on off-the-record sources or, as some have alleged, deliberate misrepresentation".

The Phillis review recommended that all major government media briefings should be on the record, live on television and radio and with full transcripts available promptly online. This recommendation was not acted on and many other recommendations were also "set aside or watered down".

On 7 January 2019, television cameras were allowed in the Lobby for the first time ever, first shown on BBC News and then on Sky News a few hours after. However, the briefings themselves continued not to be televised.

In January 2020 the Government moved its twice-daily briefing sessions for journalists from the House of Commons to 9 Downing Street, against the wishes of many Lobby journalists. In the same month, the Lobby chairman allowed for briefings to be reported live, after Guido Fawkes reporters live-tweeted them.

On 3 February 2020 the Government refused to allow some members of the Lobby to receive part of a briefing. Government communications director Lee Cain, asked what grounds he had for selectively briefing to some political editors and not others, is reported to have replied "We’re welcome to brief whoever we like, whenever we like".  In response, the majority of the Lobby walked out of the event at Downing Street in protest. Responding to an urgent question in the Commons on the walkout the parliamentary secretary for the Cabinet Office, Chloe Smith, said that briefings to smaller groups of Lobby journalists are "entirely normal, standard and routine, and have been so over successive Governments". The Lobby walkout was commended by the Society of Editors, which called for a reversal of the Government decision.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, government ministers, civil servants and other public sector officials took part in daily televised press conferences. Two televised prime ministerial statements, by Boris Johnson, were also made: on 23 March 2020 and 10 May 2020. Following these televised press conferences, it was announced in July 2020 that the afternoon lobby briefing would be replaced with a televised press conference from October 2020.

Organisations represented
The membership represents large media organisations such as the BBC or Sky News, as well as smaller and online publications such as LabourList, Left Foot Forward, and Tribune. Guido Fawkes uniquely has 3 parliamentary lobby passes but their journalists are not individually or collectively members of the Lobby organisation. Major organisations, include:

 Agence France-Presse
 Associated Press
 Bloomberg News
 BBC News
 Business Insider
 BuzzFeed News
 Byline Times
 City A.M.
 CNN
 Daily Express
 Daily Mail
 Daily Mirror
 The Daily Telegraph
 The Economist
 Evening Standard
 Financial Times
 Good Morning Britain
 The Guardian
 HuffPost
 The Independent
 ITN
 LBC
 The Mail on Sunday
 New Statesman
 The New York Times
 The Observer
 openDemocracy
 Press Association
 Prospect
 Reuters
 Sky News
 The Spectator
 The Sun
 The Sunday People
 The Sunday Times
 talkRADIO
 The Times
 The Wall Street Journal

Notable individuals

Notable journalists include:

 Anushka Asthana
 Adam Boulton
 Dia Chakravarty
 Jo Coburn
 Jon Craig
 Michael Crick
 Huw Edwards
 James Forsyth
 Jonathan Freedland
 Richard Gaisford
 Gary Gibbon
 Isabel Hardman
 Julia Hartley-Brewer
 Laura Kuenssberg
 Quentin Letts
 Kevin Maguire
 Andrew Marr
 Iain Martin
 Chris Moncrieff
 Andrew Neil
 Tom Newton Dunn
 Matthew Parris
 Robert Peston
 John Pienaar
 Andrew Pierce
 Andrew Rawnsley
 John Rentoul
 Sophy Ridge
 Beth Rigby
 Ranvir Singh
 Jon Snow
 Paul Staines
 Rachel Sylvester
 Nicholas Watt
 Romilly Weeks

Journalists who are members of the Lobby, along with other members of the press gallery or accredited for parliamentary broadcasting, are required to register other employment advantaged by their parliamentary pass. The interests are published in the Register of Journalists' Interests.

See also
 White House press corps
 Canberra Press Gallery

References

Journalism in the United Kingdom


William Bagguley (9 September 1866 – 18 April 1936) was an English cricketer who played for Derbyshire in 1905.

Bagguley was born in Ruddington, the son of Robert Bagguley, a stocking framework knitter and his wife Martha. Bagguley followed his father's occupation from a young age.

Bagguley made a single first-class appearance for Derbyshire, during the 1905 season, against Sussex. From the lower order, he scored 5 runs in the only innings in which he batted.

Bagguley died in Standard Hill, Nottinghamshire. His brothers, Robert and Percy Bagguley also played cricket, the former for Nottinghamshire and the latter for Nottinghamshire Colts.

References

1866 births
1936 deaths
English cricketers
Derbyshire cricketers
People from Ruddington
Cricketers from Nottinghamshire
Textile workers


The Second Great Depression may refer to:
 Great Recession, a period of general economic decline during the late 2000s and early 2010s
 "The Second Great Depression", a song by Manic Street Preachers from Send Away the Tigers

See also
 The Great Depression (disambiguation)
 Great Depression, mostly during the 1930s
 Recession of 1937–38, an economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States
 2020 stock market crash, focusing on the drop in equity prices (along with interest rates and energy commodities) in 2020
 COVID-19 recession, an economic recession resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic
 Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic


Broadhead is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dan Broadhead (1891–1978), Scottish footballer
James Broadhead (1819–1898), American lawyer
Nathan Broadhead (born 1998), Welsh footballer
Theodore Henry Broadhead (1767–1820), British Member of Parliament
Sir Theodore Brinckman, 1st Baronet (1798–1880), British Member of Parliament, born Theodore Henry Lavington Broadhead, son of Theodore Henry Broadhead
Wilfred Broadhead (20th century), British cricketer
William Broadhead (1815–1879), British trade unionist
William Henry Broadhead (1848–1931), British theatre developer

See also
Brodhead (surname)


Encore is the title of a solo album released in 1995 by Elaine Paige. The album peaked at number 20 on the UK Albums Chart in July 1995.

It is primarily a compilation of material from earlier recordings but also includes three new recordings, all taken from the musical Sunset Boulevard, the London production of which Paige joined the same year. All the tracks are taken from musical theatre.
The album was released on the WEA label and therefore included no material from Paige's RCA recordings, Love Can Do That and Romance & the Stage.

Track listing
 "As If We Never Said Goodbye" - 5:22 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/Don Black/Christopher Hampton/Amy Powers)
 "The Perfect Year"  - 3:31 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/Don Black/Christopher Hampton)
 "Memory" - 4:13 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/T.S. Eliot/Trevor Nunn)
 "I Know Him So Well" - 4:15 (Benny Andersson/Tim Rice/Björn Ulvaeus)
 "Another Suitcase in Another Hall" - 3:27 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/Tim Rice)
 "I Don't Know How to Love Him" - 3:54 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/Tim Rice)
 "On My Own" - 3:48 (Claude-Michel Schönberg/Alain Boublil/Jean-Marc Natel)
 "I Dreamed a Dream" (live) - 4:25 (Claude-Michel Schönberg/Alain Boublil/Jean-Marc Natel)
 "Mon Dieu" - 3:47 (Charles Dumont/Michel Vaucaire)
 "Hymne à l'amour (If You Love Me)" - 2:53 (Marguerite Monnot/Édith Piaf/Geoffrey Parsons)
 "Non, je ne regrette rien" - 3:44 (Charles Dumont/Édith Piaf)
 "With One Look" - 3:19 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/Don Black/Christopher Hampton/Amy Powers)
 "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" (live) - 5:59 (Andrew Lloyd Webber/Tim Rice)

Notes
"As If We Never Said Goodbye", "The Perfect Year" and "With One Look" were all recorded in 1995 for this release. Produced by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Nigel Wright. The recordings were engineered by Robin Sellars and Dave Hunt. The orchestra was conducted by Michael Reed.

"Memory", "Another Suitcase in Another Hall" and "I Don't Know How to Love Him" are taken from Paige's 1983 album Stages produced by Tony Visconti.

"I Know Him So Well" is the 1985 UK No.1 hit that Paige recorded with Barbara Dickson for the concept album Chess, released in 1984. It was also featured on Paige's 1985 solo album Love Hurts.

"On My Own" was a recording produced in 1987 by Tony Visconti for Paige's compilation album Memories: The Best of Elaine Paige.

"I Dreamed a Dream" and "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" are live recordings from a 1993 concert for the BBC at the Birmingham Symphony Hall. They were re-mixed for this release by Nigel Wright.

"Mon Dieu", "Hymne à l'Amour (If You Love Me)" and "Non, Je Ne Regrette Rien" were all taken from the 1994 album Piaf, produced by Mike Moran.

Charts

Certifications and sales

References

1995 compilation albums
Elaine Paige albums
Warner Music Group compilation albums
Albums produced by Andrew Lloyd Webber
Albums produced by Nigel Wright
Albums produced by Tony Visconti