is a Japanese attorney and former justice of the Supreme Court of Japan.

Saiguchi attended Chuo University, graduating with an LLB in 1961, and was admitted to the bar in 1966. He practiced law as head of the Saiguchi Law Office from 1970 to 2004.

Saiguchi is known as an expert on Japanese bankruptcy laws. Following the bankruptcy of Japan Airlines, he headed a five-member investigation committee to look into compliance issues at the airline.

He currently serves as advisor attorney to TMI Associates, a Tokyo law firm.

References

Supreme Court of Japan justices
1938 births
Living people
Chuo University alumni

20th-century Japanese lawyers
21st-century Japanese lawyers


The term Variable Control Voice Actuator (VCVA) refers to a digital recording technology developed by Olympus, which is implemented in many of their digital voice recorders. It prevents the recording of silence, so pauses in a speaker's dictation do not waste time, power or recording space.

Function
When the microphone picks up an arbitrary level of sound, the VCVA initiates recording, and when volume detected by that microphone dips down below said threshold the VCVA stops recording.

References

Digital audio recording


Viewed (4 October 2003 – 18 April 2010) was an Australian Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 148th Melbourne Cup on 4 November 2008.

Racing record

2008 Melbourne Cup

Prior to the Cup, Viewed won the AJC Listed Japan Racing Association (JRA) Plate on 30 April 2008 and two months later he qualified by winning the Group 2 Brisbane Cup on 9 June 2008.

In the 2008 Melbourne Cup on 4 November, Viewed defeated the Luca Cumani-trained Bauer in a photo finish. The finish was so close that the electronic timing devices, which are placed inside the saddle cloths, recorded that Bauer had completed the course one-hundredth of a second faster than Viewed.

Viewed was trained by Bart Cummings and was ridden by Blake Shinn.  It was Shinn's first Melbourne Cup winner and the 12th for Cummings. It was the fourth time Cummings had won the Cup in partnership with Dato Tan Chin Nam, the owner. Viewed's Melbourne Cup was the 250th Group 1 training victory for Bart Cummings.

Viewed was an outsider in the Melbourne Cup, and paid $41.00 on the totalisator in New South Wales.

2009 Caulfield Cup
Following the Melbourne Cup, Viewed failed to break through in four starts during the autumn however these runs included:

 4th in the Group 2 Apollo Stakes to Tuesday Joy.
 4th in the Group 1 Chipping Norton Stakes, again to Tuesday Joy.
 2nd in the Group 1 Ranvet Stakes to Thesio.
 3rd in Group 1 The BMW to Fiumicino.

Viewed returned in the spring to win the Group 1 Caulfield Cup on 17 October 2009. He was ridden by Brad Rawiller, and came from the tail of the field.  Viewed was the first original topweight in history to win the Caulfield Cup, and the first Melbourne Cup winner to win the following year's Caulfield Cup since Rising Fast in 1955.

Viewed defeated one of his stablemates, Roman Emperor, who was second and Vigor was third. Viewed's win was Cummings's seventh Caulfield Cup.

2009 Melbourne Cup
After his victory in the Caulfield Cup, Viewed then ran in the Group 1 Mackinnon Stakes on Victoria Derby Day and finished 3rd behind Scenic Shot and Miss Maren.

Viewed then finished 7th in the 2009 Melbourne Cup behind the eventual winner Shocking.

Death
On 18 April 2010, Viewed was euthanised following complications from a twisted bowel.

See also
 List of Melbourne Cup winners

References

External links
 Viewed's racing record
 Viewed's pedigree and partial racing stats

2003 racehorse births
2010 racehorse deaths
Racehorses bred in Australia
Racehorses trained in Australia
Melbourne Cup winners
Thoroughbred family 9-h
Caulfield Cup winners


is a former justice of the Supreme Court of Japan.

References

Supreme Court of Japan justices
1938 births
Living people


is a 1925 black and white Japanese silent film with benshi accompaniment directed by Buntarō Futagawa. It is the most popular and beloved film of Tsumasaburō Bandō, featuring the star at the height of his fame.

Synopsis

The film tells the story of a samurai who falls on hard times due to misunderstandings and explains the plots of his enemies. Such explanations superbly depict the absurdity of the samurai's unjust world, making this work pertinent even today.

Analysis
The kinetic sword fighting scenes masterfully performed by Bandō were novel in an age when kabuki-style, leisurely and dignified movies were the norm. This style was passed onto modern chambara films. Additionally, the sword fighting style's aesthetic value is slightly lost in Orochi due to the pace at which the fight scenes were filmed (fast-forward motion). Due to the kabuki style, the makeup on the characters transformed them into almost identical representations of ukiyo-e (woodblock prints), a major Japanese art form.

Title

The original title of the movie was supposed to be "Outlaw," but the Japanese censors and police banned it, because the depiction of an outlaw as a hero was seen as very dangerous. The title was later changed to "Serpent," describing how Bando Tsumasaburo wiggles when he fights back and how, even in death, a serpent looks terrifying. Confused, the censors allowed the title.

References

External links

1925 films
Japanese silent films
Japanese historical films
1920s Japanese films
Japanese black-and-white films
1920s historical films


The 111th Pennsylvania House of Representatives District  is located in Susquehanna County and Wayne County and includes the following areas:

 All of Susquehanna County
 Wayne County
 Berlin Township
 Bethany
 Buckingham Township
 Canaan Township
 Clinton Township
 Damascus Township
 Dyberry Township
 Honesdale
 Lebanon Township
 Manchester Township
 Mount Pleasant Township
 Oregon Township
 Preston Township
 Prompton
 Scott Township
 Starrucca
 Texas Township
 Waymart

Representatives

References

Government of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
Government of Wayne County, Pennsylvania
111


Badmaanyambuugiin Bat-Erdene () is a Mongolian politician and athlete. Bat-Erdene is widely regarded in Mongolia as one of the most successful, long lasting and celebrated wrestlers, where he won in national non-jacketed wrestling formats as well as winning a gold medal in the Sambo jacket wrestling in the 1989 World Sambo Championships in the over 100kg heavyweight division. He was also Defense Minister of Mongolia from 2016 to July 2017.

Biography
He was born on June 7, 1964, in Ömnödelger sum of Khentii aimag, Mongolia. He graduated from secondary school in 1982. He graduated from the Military Institute of the Mongolian People's Army in 1990 with a degree in law. He is married with 3 daughters. He speaks Russian and English.

Wrestling career
Between 1988-1999, Bat-Erdene won 11 national level tournaments in the Naadam. He was awarded with medals for his achievements including from the government. His rank/title in wrestling is "Dayar dursagdah, dalai dayan, tumniig bayasuulagch, darkhan avarga Bat-Erdene" literally meaning "Renowned by all, oceanic, makes people happy, strong titan Bat-Erdene" essentially the highest rank possible in Mongolian wrestling in Mongolia. He retired from wrestling in 2006.

Bat-Erdene established and owns Avarga (Champion) University which trains wrestlers, trainers and sportsmen in Ulaanbaatar.

Political career
Bat-Erdene has been a member of the State Great Khural from 2004 being elected three times from his native Khentii province on behalf of Mongolian People's Party. In 2009-2010 he worked as the chairman of the Legal Standing Committee of the State Great Khural. As a member of parliament, Bat-Erdene has been active in talking to protect nature and homeland against irresponsible mining.

Mongolian People's Party selected him as its candidate for 2013 Presidential election. Incumbent President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, candidate of Democratic Party won at 2013 Mongolian presidential election on June 26, 2013, with 50.23% of total votes while Bat-Erdene got 41.97%, and Natsagiin Udval, candidate of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party got 6.5% of total votes.

On 23 July 2016, 90.6 percent of the members of parliament voted in favor of appointing Bat-Erdene as the Minister of Defense.

Mongolian wrestling career record

Notes

External links

1964 births
Judoka at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Judoka at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Judoka at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Living people
Members of the State Great Khural
Mongolian People's Party politicians
Mongolian sportsperson-politicians
Mongolian male judoka
Mongolian male sport wrestlers
Olympic judoka for Mongolia
People from Khentii Province
Asian Games medalists in judo
Judoka at the 1990 Asian Games
Judoka at the 1994 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1990 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1994 Asian Games
Asian Games silver medalists for Mongolia
Asian Games bronze medalists for Mongolia
Ministers of Defence of Mongolia
Mongolian sambo practitioners
Sambo (martial art) practitioners
Mongolian wrestlers


Vijayaratnam Seevaratnam (11 June 1950 – 3 November 2008) was a Malaysian politician of Ceylonese-Indian descent and one of the vice-presidents of the Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (PGRM) from 2005 to 2008. His late father, S. Seeveratnam was Seremban Barat Member of Parliament (DAP), and his late uncle, S. Rajaratnam served as Minister for Culture, Minister for Labour, Foreign Minister, Deputy Prime Minister and Senior Minister of Singapore. He died accidentally after falling from the roof of his clinic building in Jalan Tunku Hassan, Seremban.

Biography
Vijayaratnam was a former Paulian. He studied in Saint Paul's Institution. He was married to Datin Anuncia Tharumaratnam. Their four children are Ashta, Ayra, Seeralan and Ahlya. From 1997 to 1999, he was a member of the Seremban Municipal Council. In 2002, he became a Malaysian senator and later in 2005, he became Parliamentary Secretary for the Plantation Industries and Commodities Ministry. He was also PGRM International Affairs and Ethnic Relations Bureau chairman and SLC, Negeri Sembilan Vice-Chairman, Sunngai Ujong Branch chairman. Besides political offices he was also an involved with a number of professional and social bodies. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health in London, England. In 1999, he was made an Honorary Fellow of the Indian College of General Practitioners of New Delhi, and in 2007 he was made a Fellow of Faculty of Occupational Medicine, Royal College of Physicians, of Ireland.

He was a life member of the Malaysian Medical Association.

References

1950 births
Malaysian people of Sri Lankan Tamil descent
2008 deaths
Malaysian Hindus
Members of the Dewan Negara
Malaysian people of Indian descent
Accidental deaths from falls


was a justice of the Supreme Court of Japan.

References

Supreme Court of Japan justices
1936 births
2015 deaths


On November 1, 2008, American vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin fell victim to a prank call by the Masked Avengers, a Quebecer radio comedy duo, who tricked Palin into believing she was talking to French President Nicolas Sarkozy. During the conversation, the fake Sarkozy, speaking in English (the real Sarkozy does not speak English), talked to Palin about foreign policy, hunting, and the 2008 U.S. presidential election. After it was revealed to Palin that the call was a prank, she handed the phone to one of her assistants who told the comedy duo "I will find you" and hung up.

Both the McCain and Obama campaigns released light-hearted statements about the prank. However, a McCain campaign advisor said that behind the scenes, aides and advisors to the campaign were not happy that the pranksters were able to lie their way up to Palin, or with the publicity Palin received because of the call.

Background
"The Masked Avengers" are Disc jockeys and comedians Sébastien Trudel and Marc-Antoine Audette, a Canadian radio duo from Montreal, Quebec radio station CKOI-FM, who have become notorious for making prank calls to celebrities, such as business mogul Bill Gates, golfer Tiger Woods, singer Britney Spears, and French president Nicolas Sarkozy.

Sarah Palin was the Republican governor of Alaska. On August 29, 2008, John McCain announced that she would be his running mate in the 2008 presidential election against Democrats Barack Obama and Joe Biden. Critics of Palin voiced their concern what they saw as her lack of foreign policy experience, especially after an interview with Katie Couric of the CBS Evening News where Palin was criticized by many for her answer to a question about her "foreign policy credentials".

Preparation
Marc-Antoine Audette said that it took the duo about four or five days of calls to Palin's staff to finally be able to talk to her. They claimed that they started by talking to low-level people in Alaska and made their way up through Palin's campaign staff. Audette said that at first they didn't think their prank would work, calling it a "mission impossible". He claimed that "after about a dozen calls", the duo "started to realize it [the prank call] might work, because her [Sarah Palin's] staff didn't know the name of the French President. They asked us to spell it." Audette and Trudel credited their ability to make their way up through Palin's staff to sounding convincing during the first few calls, always arranging to place the call at a set time, and not leaving a contact number. The four days of calls needed to talk to Palin was quicker compared to some of their other pranks. Audette and Trudel said that it took them two months to talk to Paul McCartney and one to talk to Bill Gates, but only two days to prank Britney Spears.

Conversation
Finally, on November 1, the Masked Avengers were able to talk to Palin. The call began with Trudel, who claimed to be an aide to Sarkozy named "Frank l’ouvrier", talking to an assistant to Palin who identifies herself as "Lexi". Lexi puts Palin on the line, who says "hello" only to realize that Trudel is still on the other line. Trudel tells Palin to hold on for a moment while he gives the phone to Sarkozy, who is really Audette. Palin can be heard talking to someone in the room about when to hand Palin the phone. Audette then begins to speak and a somewhat extended conversation ensues.

After Audette reveals that the call was a prank by CKOI in Montreal, Palin leaves the phone and can be heard in the background telling her aides that the call was "just a radio station prank". Audette is still on the line and jokes that "if one voice can change the world for Obama, one Viagra can change the world for McCain." One of Palin's assistants picks up the phone and says "I’m sorry, I have to let you go. Thank you."

Reaction
In an e-mail, Palin spokeswoman Tracey Schmitt wrote that "Governor Palin was mildly amused to learn that she had joined the ranks of heads of state, including President Sarkozy, and other celebrities in being targeted by these pranksters. C'est la vie." When asked by reporters about the conversation, Palin said that she would "keep a sense of humor through all of this, just as we [the McCain campaign] did with SNL [parodies of her], too." She added that "you've got to have some levity in all this."

Barack Obama senior advisor Robert Gibbs jokingly said in an interview that "I'm glad we [the Obama campaign] check out our calls before we hand the phone to Barack Obama."

The Masked Avengers received a sudden burst of fame from the prank. They gave more than 300 interviews about the conversation, and were even flown to New York City by CBS to appear on The Early Show. In an interview, Marc-Antoine Audette and Sébastien Trudel said that they found it "pretty disturbing to see that idiots like us can go through to a vice-presidential candidate", and claimed that they were just "two stupid comedians with a bad French accent." The Masked Avengers also admitted that the call was "probably the biggest [prank] we've ever done."  When recalling the experience, Audette said that "once we [Audette and Trudel] started making jokes, she didn't seem to mind, and she didn't seem to be aware of the fact we were making jokes", which according to Audette was when "we were like 'Oh my God this [call] is gonna be long'". The duo also said that they weren't trying to make any political statements with the call, they just like to take high-profile people to task.

Impact
After McCain and Palin were defeated in the general election, a Republican campaign advisor told The New York Times that the McCain campaign was not happy about the prank, which caused friction between McCain and Palin. McCain and his advisors were allegedly upset that Palin did not tell them beforehand that she planned to speak with who she thought was Nicolas Sarkozy. McCain strategist Steve Schmidt called a meeting and demanded to know who let Palin talk to the fake Sarkozy without checking with senior advisors first. Steve Biegun, one of Palin's aides admitting to vetting the call without speaking to campaign advisors or the U.S. State Department, told the Los Angeles Times that "No one's going to beat me up more than I beat myself up for setting up the governor like that."

See also
Parodies of Sarah Palin
Saturday Night Live parodies of Sarah Palin

References

Notes

External links
 Sarah Palin duped by prank call, BBC, 2 November 2008
"'I see you as president.' 'Maybe in eight years,' says Sarah Palin". The Guardian, November 4, 2008. Edited transcript of the exchange.
Official video: Sarah Palin got pranked (requires Flash).

2008 hoaxes
2008 in American politics
2008 in Quebec
Canadian radio comedy
Hoaxes in Canada
Hoaxes in the United States
Prank calling
Presidency of Nicolas Sarkozy
Sarah Palin


The 1987 Major League Baseball draft is the process by which Major League Baseball (MLB) teams select athletes to play for their organization. High school seniors, college juniors and seniors, and anyone who had never played under a professional contract were considered eligible for the draft. The 1987 MLB Draft took place as a conference call to the Commissioner of Baseball's office in New York from June 2–4. As opposed to the National Football League Draft which appeared on ESPN, no network aired the MLB Draft.

The American League (AL) and the National League (NL) alternated picks throughout the first round; because an NL team drafted first in the 1986 MLB Draft, an AL team had the first selection in 1987. Having finished 67–95 in 1986, the Seattle Mariners had the worst record in the AL and thus obtained the first overall selection. The second selection went to the Pittsburgh Pirates, who had the worst record in the NL.

With the first overall pick, the Mariners drafted Ken Griffey Jr. from Moeller High School. Griffey Jr. became a 13-time All-Star and helped Seattle make its first postseason appearance in franchise history. Mark Merchant, the second overall pick, however, never played in a major league game. Two years after he was drafted, the Pirates traded Merchant to Seattle, where he got to meet Ken Griffey Jr. Chicago White Sox' first overall selection Jack McDowell won the 1993 Cy Young Award as Chicago made a League Championship Series appearance that year. The total number of athletes drafted, 1,263, broke a record for the most players ever chosen in a draft. In total, 27 All-Stars were selected in 1987, although not all signed a professional contract. , only  three players from the draft has been elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame– Craig Biggio, Griffey, Jr, and Mike Mussina, though Mussina did not sign in this draft.

Background
As with prior drafts, the team with the worst overall record from the previous season selected first, with teams from the AL and NL alternating picks. If two or more teams had the same record, the team with the worse record from two seasons prior would draft higher. Because the Pittsburgh Pirates of the NL selected first overall in 1986 Major League Baseball Draft, an AL team had the first pick in the 1987 draft. The final two selections in the first round both came from American League teams, as the AL had two more organizations than the NL.

The date of the draft was set for June 2–4, and would occur as a conference call to the Commissioner of Baseball's office in New York. Unlike the 1987 NFL Draft, which aired on ESPN, no network televised the MLB draft. High school seniors, college juniors and seniors, and anyone who had never played under a professional contract were considered eligible to be drafted. For the first time, junior college players would also be included in the June draft; in years past, teams would select junior college players in a separate draft.

Selections could be transferred or added if a team signed a certain type of free agent: the Elias Sports Bureau ranked players as either type-A (top 30 percent of all players), type-B (31 percent to 50 percent), or type-C (51 percent to 60 percent), based on the athlete's performance over the past two seasons. If a "type-A" player became a free agent, the team that lost the type-A player would receive the first-round draft pick from the team that signed the player, as well as a "sandwich pick" between the first and second rounds. If a "type-B" became a free agent, the team that lost him would receive a second-round pick from the team that signed the player. If a "type-C" became a free agent, the team that lost him would receive a compensation pick between the second and third rounds. The top 13 selections were considered "protected picks" and exempt from this rule.

With a record of 67–95, the Seattle Mariners ended the 1986 Major League Baseball season with the worst record in the AL and thus obtained the first overall selection. The Mariners never had a winning record in the twelve years since the franchise's creation (their best winning percentage was .469, accomplished in 1982), and during the 1986 season, changed managers three times. In the NL, the Pirates finished with the league's worst record for the second year in a row and were given the second overall pick. The 1986 World Series champion New York Mets drafted third-to-last, with the runner-up Boston Red Sox selecting last.

First two rounds

Other players to reach MLB
The following players were drafted outside of the first two rounds and played in at least one major league game:

Aftermath
The Kansas City Royals had the most picks of any team, with 74; following the Royals, the Toronto Blue Jays made 71, and the Cincinnati Reds and New York Mets made 61 apiece. The total number of players drafted, 1,263, broke a record for the most players ever selected in a draft. The previous record of 1,162 was set during the 1967 draft. The California Angels drafted the fewest future MLB players, with only four of their draftees appearing in an MLB game, while the Blue Jays and the Texas Rangers both drafted 13 future MLB players, the most of any team.

With their first overall pick, the Mariners selected Ken Griffey Jr., an outfielder from Moeller High School. Over his 22-year career, Griffey Jr. was elected to thirteen All-Star games, won seven Silver Slugger Awards, and helped Seattle make their first playoff appearance as a franchise during the 1995 season. Mark Merchant, whom the Pirates drafted second overall, never played in an MLB game; two years after they drafted him, Pittsburgh traded Merchant to Seattle. The Pirates made the playoffs for three consecutive seasons from 1990 to 1992 but lost in the National League Championship Series all three years.

Notes

References
General

Specific

Major League Baseball draft
Draft
Major League Baseball draft
Major League Baseball draft
Baseball in New York City
Sporting events in New York City
Sports in Manhattan
1980s in Manhattan


Božidar Špišić (September 6, 1879 in Sisak - August 31, 1957 in Zagreb) was a Croatian orthopedist and rector of the University of Zagreb.

In 1908, Špišić formed the first orthopedic bureau in Croatia, which is seen as the founding of orthopedics in the country. Špišić formed the orthopedic clinic in Zagreb in 1930. He was the rector of the University of Zagreb from 1943 to 1944. In 1946, illness forced him to retire.

The Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts held a symposium on Špišić in 2005. In 2008, Špišić's native city of Sisak decided to name a street in his honour to mark the 100th anniversary of orthopedics in Croatia.

References

Croatian orthopedic surgeons
1879 births
1957 deaths
Rectors of the University of Zagreb


Thick-film technology is used to produce electronic devices/modules such as surface mount devices modules, hybrid integrated circuits, heating elements, integrated passive devices and sensors. Main manufacturing technique is screen printing (stenciling), which in addition to use in manufacturing electronic devices can also be used for various graphic reproduction targets. It became one of the key manufacturing/miniaturisation techniques of electronic devices/modules during 1950s.  Typical film thickness – manufactured with thick film manufacturing processes for electronic devices – is 0.0001 to 0.1 mm.

Thick-film circuits/modules are widely used in the automotive industry, both in sensors, e.g. mixture of fuel/air, pressure sensors, engine and gearbox controls, sensor for releasing airbags, ignitors to airbags; common is that high reliability is required, often extended temperature range also along massive thermocycling of circuits without failure. Other application areas are space electronics, consumer electronics, and various measurement systems where low cost and/or high reliability is needed.

The simplest form to utilise a thick film technology is a module substrate/board, where wiring is manufactured using thick film process. Additionally resistors and large tolerance capacitors can be manufactured with thick film methods. Thick film wiring can be made compatible with surface-mount technology (SMT), and if needed (due to tolerances and/or size requirements) surface-mountable parts (resistors, capacitors, ICs, etc.) can be assembled on a thick film substrate.

The manufacturing of thick film devices/modules is an additive process involving deposition of several (typically max 6–8) successive layers of conductive, resistive and dielectric layers onto an electrically insulating substrate using a screen-printing process.

As a low cost manufacturing method it is applicable to produce large volumes of discrete passive devices like resistors, thermistors, varistors and integrated passive devices.

Thick film technology is also one of the alternatives to be used in hybrid integrated circuits and  competes and complements typically in electronics miniaturization (parts or elements/area or volume) with SMT based on PCB (printed circuit board)/PWB (printed wiring board) and thin film technology.

Steps
A typical thick-film process would consist of the following stages:

Lasering of substrates
Typically thick film circuit substrates are Al2O3/alumina, beryllium oxide (BeO), aluminum nitride (AlN), stainless steel, sometimes even some polymers and in rare cases even silicon (Si) coated with silicon dioxide (SiO2).,  Commonly used substrates for thick-film processes are 94 or 96% alumina. Alumina is very hard and lasering of the material is the most efficient way to machine it. The thick-film process is also a means of miniaturization, where one substrate normally contains many units (final circuits). With lasering it is possible to scribe, profile and drill holes. Scribing is a process where a line of laser pulses is fired into the material and 30–50% of the material is removed; this weakens the substrate, and after all other processes are completed the substrate can easily be divided into single units.
Profiling is, for example, used a lot in sensor fabrication, where a circuit needs to fit round tubes or other different complex shapes.
Drilling of holes can provide a "via" (conductive link) between the two sides of the substrate, normally hole sizes are in the range 0.15–0.2 mm.

Lasering before processing the substrates has a cost advantage to lasering or dicing using a diamond saw after processing.

Ink preparation
Inks for electrodes, terminals, resistors, dielectric layers etc. are commonly prepared by mixing the metal or ceramic powders required with a solvent (ceramic thick film pastes) or polymer pastes  to produce a paste for screen-printing. To achieve a homogeneous ink the mixed components of the ink may be passed through a three-roll mill. Alternatively, ready-made inks may be obtained from several companies offering products for the thick-film technologist.

Screen-printing and its improvements
Screen-printing is the process of transferring an ink through a patterned woven mesh screen or stencil using a squeegee.

For improving accuracy, increasing integration density and improving line and space accuracy of traditional screen-printing photoimageable thick-film technology has been developed. Use of these materials however changes typically the process flow and needs different manufacturing tools.

Drying/Curing
After allowing time after printing for settling of the ink, each layer of ink that is deposited is usually dried at a moderately high temperature of  to evaporate the liquid component of the ink and fix the layer temporarily in position on the substrate so that it can be handled or stored before final processing. For inks based on polymers and some solder pastes that cure at these temperatures, this may be the final step that is required. Some inks also require curing by exposure to UV light.

Firing
For many of the metal, ceramic and glass inks used in thick film processes a high temperature (usually greater than 300 °C) firing is required to fix the layers in position permanently on the substrate.

Abrasive Trimming of resistors
After firing the resistors can be trimmed using a precision abrasive cutting method first developed by S.S. White. The method involves a fine abrasive media, usually 0.027 mm aluminum oxide. The abrasive cutting is fed through a carbide nozzle tip that can be of different sizes. The nozzle is advanced through the fired resistor while the resistor element is monitored with probe contacts and when final value is reached the abrasive blast is shut off and the nozzle retracts to the zero start position. The abrasive technique can achieve very high tolerances with no heat and no cracking of the glass frit used in the ink formulation.

Laser trimming of resistors
After firing, the substrate resistors are trimmed to the correct value. This process is named laser trimming. Many chip resistors are made using thick-film technology. Large substrates are printed with resistors fired, divided into small chips and these are then terminated, so they can be soldered on the PCB board. With laser trimming two modes are used; either passive trimming, where each resistor is trimmed to a specific value and tolerance, or active trimming, where the feedback is used to adjust to a specific voltage, frequency or response by laser trimming the resistors on the circuit while powered up.

Mounting of capacitors and semiconductors
The development of the SMT process actually evolves from the thick film process. Also mounting of naked dies (the actual silicon chip without encapsulation) and wire bonding is a standard process, this provides the basis for miniaturization of the circuits as all the extra encapsulation is not necessary.

Separation of elements
This step is often necessary because many components are produced on one substrate at the same time. Thus, some means of separating the components from each other is required. This step may be achieved by wafer dicing.

Integration of devices
At this stage, the devices may require integrating with other electronic components, usually in the form of a printed circuit board. This may be achieved by wire bonding or soldering.

Process control of thick film manufacturing
There are numerous steps in the thick film manufacturing, which need careful control like roughness of the substrate, curing temperatures and times of pastes, selected stencil thickness vs. paste type etc.,  Therefore number of used pastes and process steps define the complexity of the process and cost of the final product.

Designing circuits based on thick-film technology
Same or similar electronic design automation tools which are used for designing printed circuit boards can be used for designing thick film circuits. However, the compatibility of tooling formats with stencil manufacturing/manufacturer needs attention as well as the availability of the geometrical, electrical and thermal design rules for simulation and layout design from the final manufacturer.

See also
Thin film
Integrated passive devices
Thermistor
Surface-mount technology
Hybrid integrated circuit

References

External links
 A course developed by Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BTE), Dept. of Electronics Technology concerning Technology of electronics products, chapter "Thick Film"
 A blog under EDN comparing thick and thin film resistors
 A presentation describing the usage of the thick film technology for radio frequencies
 Printing thick film hybrids
 Thick-film components for industrial applications

Electronics manufacturing


St Audoen's Church () is the church of the parish of Saint Audoen in the Church of Ireland, located south of the River Liffey at Cornmarket in Dublin, Ireland. This was close to the centre of the medieval city. The parish is in the Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough. St Audoen's is the oldest parish church in Dublin and is still used as such. There is a Roman Catholic church of the same name adjacent to it. In 2012 the parish was merged with St. Catherine and James Church on Donore Ave.

Church
The church is named after St Ouen (or Audoen) of Rouen (Normandy), a saint who lived in the seventh century and was dedicated to him by the Anglo-Normans, who arrived in Dublin after 1172. It was erected in 1190, possibly on the site of an older church dedicated to St. Columcille, dating to the seventh century. Shortly afterwards the nave was lengthened (but also made narrower) and a century later a chancel was added.

In 1430 Henry VI, Lord of Ireland, authorised the erection of a chantry here, to be dedicated to St Anne. Its founders and successors were to be called the Guild or Fraternity of St Anne, usually called Saint Anne's Guild. Six separate altars were set up in this chapel and were in constant use, financed by the wealthier parishioners. In 1485 Sir Roland Fitz-Eustace, Baron Portlester, erected a new chapel next to the nave, in gratitude for his preservation from a shipwreck near the site.

The turbulent events of the 16th century had their effects on the upkeep of the church and in 1630 the church was declared to be in a decrepit state. The Archbishop, Lancelot Bulkeley, complained that "there is a guild there called St Anne's Guild that hath swallowed upp all the church meanes" (although chantries and guilds were suppressed during the Reformation in England and their property taken over by the king, in Ireland they survived, with varying vicissitudes, for many years).

Strenuous efforts were made over the next few years to repair the roof, steeple and pillars of the building, and the guild was ordered to contribute its share. Funds were low – there were only sixteen Protestant houses in the parish.  In 1671 Michael Boyle, the Church of Ireland Primate, ordered the "annoyance of the buttermilke market" under St Audoen's to be closed. In 1673 an order was made to remove the tombs and tombstones from the church "to preserve the living from being injured by the dead". St Anne's Guild, which had managed to secret away its extensive properties after the Reformation, and which had remained under Roman Catholic control, never did give up its holdings, despite several investigations and court orders lasting until 1702.

Although many repairs were carried out to the church and tower over the centuries, finance for the maintenance of the structures was always a problem, particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries. By 1825, the church building itself was in a ruinous state (as reported by G. N. Wright) and "very few Protestants" remained in the parish. As the finance to carry out substantial repairs was not available, parts of the church were closed off or unroofed. As a consequence, many ancient tombs gradually crumbled and memorials were removed or rendered illegible by exposure to the weather.

Parish

St Audoen's parish was once the wealthiest within the city and the church was for hundreds of years frequented on State occasions by the Lord Mayor and Corporation. In its heyday, the church was closely connected with the Guilds of the city and "was accounted the best in Dublin for the greater number of Aldermen and Worships of the city living in the Parish" (Richard Stanihurst, 1568). The Tanners' Guild was located in the tower and the Bakers' Guild (Saint Anne's Guild) in a "college" adjoining the church.

In 1467 St Audoen's was made a prebendary of St. Patrick's Cathedral by Archbishop Michael Tregury.

In July 1536 George Browne arrived in Ireland as Archbishop of Dublin, and a few years later he energetically pushed through the wishes of Henry VIII to be recognized as supreme head of the Irish church. About 1544 the vicar of St Audoen's became the nominee of the Crown. In 1547 the assets of the parish were appropriated by the state church that was established following the English Reformation (more particularly the Tudor conquest of Ireland).

Queen Mary I, soon after her accession in 1553, restored by Charter the Cathedral of St. Patrick. The Prebendary of St Audoen named in this Charter of Restoration was, in 1555, Robert Daly. However, when Queen Elizabeth I ascended the throne she nominated him Bishop of Kildare. From then on, all Roman Catholic ceremonies in the church ceased.

After the Reformation, the majority of parishioners remained loyal to the Roman Catholic church, and in 1615 a new Roman Catholic parish of St Audoen's was established. However the Catholics were obliged to hold their services in secret, mainly in nearby Cook Street. Later in the century celebration of Mass was forbidden and bishops and priests were deported, imprisoned or executed. This troubled period for Catholics lasted until the beginning of the 19th century.  Meanwhile, the now Protestant church and parish of St Audoen had to struggle through the seventeenth century and began to decline. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, following a trend in several inner-city parishes, many of the wealthy parish residents moved out to the suburbs, a process that was hastened by the Act of Union. Poor Catholics then moved into the houses thus vacated, which were turned into tenements.

In 1813 the population of the parish was 1,993 males and 2,674 females, the majority of whom were Roman Catholics.

Restoration

The architect Thomas Drew was the first to draw serious attention to the importance of the church, architecturally and historically, in 1866. He produced detailed plans of the church for which he won an award from the Royal Institute of Architects of Ireland, carried out excavations and drew up a paper on the church and its history. In a booklet published in 1873, the rector Alexander Leeper urged reroofing and restoration of the church.

In the 1980s an extensive restoration of the tower and bells was carried out. A few years later St Anne's chapel, which had lost its roof and many monuments, was re-roofed and converted to a visitor reception centre, which included an exhibition on the history of the church.

During conservation works starting in 1996 an extensive excavation of a small section of the church was carried out, which cast new light on the early days of the church. This contributed greatly to an understanding of the building history of the church. The detailed results of this study were published in book form in 2006.

Memorials
In the main porch is stored an early Celtic gravestone known as the "Lucky Stone" which has been kept here or hereabouts since before 1309. It was said to have strange properties, and merchants and traders used to rub it for luck. It was first mentioned when John Le Decer, Mayor of Dublin, erected a marble cistern to supply drinking water in Cornmarket in 1309 and placed this stone against it, so that all who drank of the waters may have luck. The stone was stolen on a number of occasions but always found its way back to this neighbourhood. In 1826 it disappeared for twenty years, until found in front of the newly erected Catholic Church in High Street.

In the porch of the western door lie the fifteenth-century monuments of Sir Roland Fitz-Eustace, Lord Portlester, who died in 1496, and his third wife, Margaret (née D'Artois). Fitz-Eustace was Deputy Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, then Lord Chancellor of Ireland and finally Lord High Treasurer of Ireland. His refusal to surrender this last post led to a break with the king and almost to civil war. He was buried at Cotlandstown, County Kildare. Peter Talbot the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin, who died in prison in 1680, is said to have been secretly entombed nearby.

Among those buried in the church are William Molyneux, his brother Sir Thomas Molyneux and Thomas' son Capel, Edward Parry, the Bishop of Killaloe and his sons John Parry and Benjamin Parry, successively Bishops of Ossory, and Lady Frances Brudenell.

In the North Nave is a memorial, with  Corinthian columns and a pediment, to Sir William Sparke (died 1623), one of the justices of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland), erected by his widow Mary Bryce.

During excavations in the 19th century an Anglo-Norman font, dating to the 12th century, was found and is now on display in the church.

The war memorial from the former St. Matthais' Church Hatch Street, was restored and relocated in 2015 to St. Audoen's.

Tower
The church tower dates from the 17th century. The need to keep this structure in good repair was always a drain on parish funds. It was repaired in 1637, which was paid for by the Guild of St Anne, but in 1669 part of it collapsed onto the roof of the church, and it had to be rebuilt. The Guild contributed £250 towards the cost of reconstruction. In 1826 the tower was remodelled by Henry Aaron Baker but by the end of the century was again in a dangerous state. Some remedial work was carried out in 1916 after an appeal from the Archbishop of Dublin, but it was not until the major restoration of 1982 that the tower was rendered safe.

The tower houses six bells, three of which are Ireland's oldest bells, dating from 1423. The bells were rung for the Angelus and after the Reformation continued to be rung every morning and evening to call the people to and from their work. Two bells in the tower were cast by John Murphy of Dublin in 1864 and 1880, and the treble was dated 1790 and came from Glasgow. Due to the fragile state of the tower they were not rung between 1898 and 1983. After the tower was strengthened with concrete, a major overhaul was done on the bells. Three of the bells were recast, and the tenor was recast in memory of Alexander E. Donovan (1908-1982), who was closely connected with the church. They are now rung every week.

The present clock on the church tower came from St Peter's Church in Aungier Street after this church was demolished in the 1980s. The clock face dates from the 1820s.

Cemetery
The old disused graveyard of St Audoen's has been converted into a recreation ground. Many notables were buried there, including many bishops and Lord Mayors of the city and the families of Ball, Bath, Blakeney, Browne, Cusack, Desminier, Fagan, Foster, Fyan, Gifford, Gilbert, Malone, Mapas, Molesworth, Penteny, Perceval, Quinn, Talbot and Ussher. The Curate-assistant Christopher Teeling McCready (1836-1913) collected detailed genealogies of some of these families in seven hand-written volumes, which are now in Marsh's Library.

Among the burials within the church and graveyard are:
Bartholomew Ball
Margaret Ball
Nicholas Ball
Lady Frances Brudenell
John Burnell
John Bysse
Adam Cusack
Paul Davys
Paul Davys, 1st Viscount Mount Cashell
Sir William Davys
Robert Molesworth, 1st Viscount Molesworth
Sir Thomas Molyneux
William Molyneux
Benjamin Parry
Edward Parry
John Parry
Philip Perceval
Sir James Somerville, 1st Baronet
Peter Talbot

Historical events
On 11 March 1597, a massive accidental gunpowder explosion in one of the nearby quays damaged the tower of St. Audoen's.

In the 1640s, at the time of the Catholic Confederate Rebellion, the burghers of the city could see from the church tower the fires of their opponents burning in the distance.

In 1733 a popular Alderman, Humphrey Frend, was returned at an election by a large majority, and two barrels of pitch were burned as a celebration at the top of St. Audoen's tower.

The United Irishman Oliver Bond was elected Minister's Churchwarden of the church in 1787 (although a Presbyterian, the established church was entitled to appoint local residents for church duties). Another United Irishman whose family had a long association with the church was James Napper Tandy, born at No. 5 Cornmarket and baptised (as 'James Naper Tandy') on 16 February 1739. He was a Churchwarden of the church in 1765 and played a significant role in the life of the city before the Act of Union in 1801.

In 1793 a petition was sent from the vestry, requesting the removal of the police on the grounds of expense and inefficiency, and for the return of the night watchman originally appointed by the parish.

Organ
St Audoen's Church houses a fine organ built in 1885 by the firm Forster and Andrews, of Hull. The organ was restored in 2004 by Trevor Crowe. The organ maintains its original manual bellows, and is still playable without electricity.

See also
 Guilds of the City of Dublin

References and sources

Sources

Dublin: Catholic Truth Society, 1911: Bishop of Canea: Short Histories of Dublin Parishes

F. H. A. Aalen and Kevin Whelan (editors): Dublin City and County, from Prehistory to Present. Geography Publications, Dublin, 1992. .

Notes

External links
 Irish Architecture site with images
Lord Portlester's Chapel at libraryireland.com

National Monuments in County Dublin
Church of Ireland churches in Dublin (city)


Tamanna House is a thriller television series that aired on Zee TV channel, every Sunday to Wednesday at 10pm IST. The series is a similar version of the popular mysteries of Agatha Christie's novels.

Synopsis
The story revolves around the life of a couple: Tamanna & Dilip, who decide to throw a bizarre party to celebrate their impending divorce. Hence, the couple organizes a game for the guests to play, and whoever wins the game will get 5 crore (50 million rupees) from the person who loses the divorce case. The conflict arises, when Tamanna sets up some rules for the party, such as the number of guests allowed in the party would be 10, Dilip can only invite one person, and that person will invite someone else, & so on, and if Dilip happens to invite a female than that female has to invite a male. At first Dilip doesn't like his wife's idea, but he decides to cope with her rules, since the bet is worth 5 crore rupees.

After going through all the rules & regulations, the time for the party arrives at 10pm. The couple gets excited, when they see their guests, but get upset because they invited rich, high class guests, and the guests that arrived at the party happens to be low class people, such as one of the guest is a thief & the other one is bar dancer. But they decide to go with the gang, but than there is another problem arises, as according to the bet the number of guest's Tamanna & Dilip invited was 10, but 11 guests showed up. Henceforth, one of the guest's has to go. On the other hand, while the game begins, a murder is committed and the party gets transformed into a murder mystery. Now, the guests are desperate to know who committed the murder?

Cast
Ruby Bhatia ... Tamanna
Jas Arora ... Dilip
Virendra Saxena
Donny Kapoor
Upasana Singh
Satya
Pooja Garg
Shivam Shetty
Harjeet Walia
Vaishali Nazarath
Hemant Pandey
Phalguni Parikh
Vinay Pathak

References
Tamanna House Official Launch Article on Essel Group
Tamanna House News Article on Tribune India

2004 Indian television series debuts
Indian television soap operas
Zee TV original programming


USS Walter A. Luckenbach (ID-3171) was a United States Navy cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919.

Construction and commissioning

SS Walter A. Luckenbach was a steamer launched on 19 December 1917 by the Seattle Construction and Drydock Company, Seattle, Washington, for the Luckenbach Steamship Company. The United States Shipping Board took her over early in 1918. She was delivered to the U.S. Navy on 9 June 1918 for World War I service, assigned Identification Number (Id. No.) 3171,  and commissioned as USS Walter A. Luckenbach that same day at Seattle.

World War I service

Assigned to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service (NOTS), Walter A. Luckenbach sailed from Seattle on 13 June 1918, but an unsuccessful series of trials forced her to put into the Mare Island Navy Yard at Vallejo, California, for further work and repairs. Those modifications were completed on 18 August 1918, and she returned to sea.

Walter A. Luckenbach entered Mejillones, Chile, and loaded 10,000 tons of nitrates. She departed the Chilean port on 10 September 1918, transited the Panama Canal, and arrived at Norfolk, Virginia, on 24 September 1918. After discharging her cargo and completing voyage repairs, she cleared Cape Henry and Cape Charles on 7 October 1918 and headed for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. There, she loaded United States Army supplies bound for Europe and, on 29 October 1918, headed for France. After a stop at Gibraltar, Walter A. Luckenbach arrived in Marseilles on 14 November 1918, three days after the armistice ending World War I was signed, discharged her cargo, and loaded ballast for the return voyage. She stood out of Marseilles on 26 November 1918, stopped briefly at Gibraltar once again, and arrived at New York City on 11 December 1918.

On the day of her arrival, Walter A. Luckenbach was detached from the Naval Overseas Transportation Service and reassigned to the Cruiser and Transport Force. At New York, she was converted to a troop transport to help in the task of bringing home American troops from Europe. By 22 January 1919, she was ready to begin her role in that large movement of people. Between late January and early July 1919, Walter A. Luckenbach made five round-trip voyages to France, two to Bordeaux and three to St. Nazaire. She returned to New York from her final voyage on 11 July 1919.

Walter A. Luckenbach was decommissioned at Hoboken, New Jersey, on 28 July 1919, and was returned to the Luckenbach Steamship Company that same day. Once again SS Walter A. Luckenbach, she entered mercantile service with that company.

Post-World War I commercial career

Walter A. Luckenbach labored in behalf of Luckenbach Steamship Company until 1950, when she changed hands and names twice. First, she was sold to the New Orleans Coal and Bisso Towboat Company, Inc., and briefly served that company as SS A. L. Bisso. Later in the year, the Turkish firm Marsa Ithalat-Ithracat, T.A.S., bought her and renamed her SS Mardin. She served that firm and under that name for the remainder of her mercantile career.

Mardin arrived at Bremen, West Germany, early in 1957 to load cargo, but was not allowed to leave port because of unpaid repair bills. After a lengthy period in custody, she attempted to escape on a stormy, dark night later that year, slipping away from her moorings unannounced, showing no lights, using no tugboat assistance, and with no harbor pilot aboard.  She proceeded at full speed down the Weser River, trying to reach international waters in the North Sea before West German authorities could stop her. The harbor police did not realize that she was attempting to escape until she was off Bremerhaven and approaching the open sea, so they used an ex-German Navy patrol boat at Bremerhaven to pursue her. They caught her just before she got beyond the three-nautical-mile (5.6 km) limit of West German territorial waters, boarded her while she was still underway, arrested her master on her bridge, and forced her to return to Bremen. She was once again placed in custody.

Records of Mardins status after the 1957 incident are unclear as to her fate, but she does not appear ever to have resumed commercial operations. She is believed to have been scrapped in 1958 or 1959.

References

NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive Walter A. Luckenbach (ID 3171)

World War I cargo ships of the United States
Ships built in Seattle
1917 ships
Cargo ships of the United States Navy
Unique transports of the United States Navy


Two hundred and forty-eight Guggenheim Fellowships were awarded in 1955, with grants totaling at $968,000.

1955 U.S. and Canadian Fellows

1955 Latin American and Caribbean Fellows

See also
 Guggenheim Fellowship
 List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 1954
 List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 1956

References

1955
1955 awards


is a 1924 black and white Japanese silent film with benshi accompaniment directed by Buntaro Futagawa. Often acclaimed as the predecessor to Orochi, it tells the tale of a nihilistic samurai,  played by Tsumasaburo Bando whose mother is killed, whose sister is used and deceived and who loses the only love of his life.

References

External links
Gyakuryu on Internet Movie Database

1924 films
Japanese silent films
Japanese black-and-white films


Philippe Pot (1428–1493) was a Burgundian nobleman, military leader, and diplomat. He was the seigneur of La Roche and Thorey-sur-Ouche, a Knight of the Golden Fleece, and the Grand Seneschal of Burgundy.

Life
Born in 1428 at the Château de la Rochepot, he was the grandson of Régnier Pot, a Crusader, knight of the Golden Fleece, and the chamberlain of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. Philip's grandson and heir, Philip the Good, served as Philippe's godfather. Educated at the ducal court in Dijon, and knighted 11 June 1452 before the battle of Ruppelmonde against the insurgents of Ghent, Philippe, praised by contemporary chroniclers, became chief advisor of the dukes of Burgundy and was deeply involved in all their diplomacy.

Philippe was sent by Philip the Good as an ambassador to London in 1440, where he procured the release of Charles of Orléans, a prisoner since 1415 and the cousin of Charles VII of France, for 200,000 écus d'or. Charles in turn agreed to marry Mary of Cleves, Philip's niece.

In 1446, Philippe obtained the hand in marriage of Catherine of Valois for the Count of Charolais, the future Duke of Burgundy, Charles the Bold. When Catherine died in 1450, Philippe obtained another French princess, Isabelle of Bourbon, for Charles. The marriage took place in 1454. In December 1456 Duke Philip recompensed Philippe with the grant of Châteauneuf-en-Auxois (which Philippe restored and fortified, giving it the appearance it retains today) and in May 1461, with the Golden Fleece at the Saint-Omer session. In 1464 he was granted the title Grand Chamberlain, and in 1466 was given the lordship of Walloon Flanders (Lille, Douai, and Orchies). After the deaths in 1467 of both Philip the Good and Isabelle of Bourbon, Philippe Pot negotiated a third match for his new patron Charles the Bold with Margaret of York, a union which had been opposed by Philip. In 1468 the marriage sealed an alliance between England and Burgundy. To have Philippe nearby him at Brussels Charles gave him the hôtel of the comte de Nevers.

When Charles the Bold died in 1477, Burgundy was divided between his daughter, Mary, heiress to the Burgundian Netherlands, and Louis XI of France, legitimate heir to the Duchy of Burgundy proper. Mary was suspicious of Philippe and his close connections with the French court, and she confiscated Lille. With the support of the Burgundian baronage Philippe was able to limit the holdings of Mary and her husband, Maximilian, to the Burgundian Low Countries by another Treaty of Arras. In gratitude Louis XI named him first counsellor, knight of Saint Michael, governor of the Dauphin Charles, and Grand Seneschal of Burgundy. His treatment of Philippe went a long way to restore Louis's favour with the petty nobles of Burgundy.

Louis died in 1483, while Charles VIII was still a minor. The great nobles of the kingdom, first among them Louis of Orléans, contested the regency with the dead king's nominee, Anne de Beaujeu, Charles' elder sister. In 1484 she convened the Estates General at Tours. Philippe was the representative of the nobility and he spoke so eloquently in their favour that he was called the "mouth of Cicero" (bouche de Cicéron). In his most celebrated speech, on 9 February, he denied the right of the princes to govern and advanced instead the concept of a nation represented by a monarch, and suggested that the nation be governed by regency council. The deputies then voted to accept the choice of the king and declared Anne regent. The incipient nationalism in Philippe's speech, however, frightened the regent; the Estates were quickly dissolved. Philippe was allowed to keep his function of governor of Burgundy, which he held, reconfirmed by Charles VIII, until his death in 1493.

Notes

Sources
 Jugie, Sophie. Le Tombeau de Philippe Pot. Paris: Ediciones El Viso, 2019.
 Scholten, Frits. "Isabella’s Weepers: Ten Statues from a Burgundian Tomb"'. Amsterdam: Rijksmuseum, 2007.
 Vaughan, Richard; Paravicini, Werner. Charles the Bold: The Last Valois Duke of Burgundy. London: Barnes & Noble, 1973.

External links
Philippe Pot at L'histoire de France
Philippe Pot Room at the Louvre

1428 births
1493 deaths
People from Côte-d'Or
Knights of the Golden Fleece
Medieval French nobility
15th-century French people


T. Krishna Kumari (6 March 1933 – 24 January 2018) was an Indian actress. She worked predominantly in Telugu films, in addition to Tamil and Kannada films in the 1950s and 1960s. She was the sister of noted actress Sowkar Janaki.

She starred in over 150 films in her career, most notably Pichi Pullayya (1953), Bangaru Papa (1955), Vinayaka Chaviti (1957), Pelli Kanuka (1960), Devanthakudu (1960), Bharya Bhartalu (1961), Vagdanam (1961), Kula Gotralu (1962), Chaduvukunna Ammayilu (1963), Bandipotu (1963), Punarjanma (1963 film), Aggi Pidugu (1964), Doctor Chakravarty (1964), Gudi Gantalu (1964), Antastulu (1965), Chikkadu Dorakadu (1967),Tikka Sankarayya (1968), Neramu Siksha (1973).

Early life
Krishna Kumari was born on 6 March 1933 a Telugu-speaking at Naihati, West Bengal to T. Venkoji Rao and Sachi Devi. Her family hails from Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh. Owing her father's work, Kumari was schooled at Rajahmundry, Madras, Assam and Calcutta. She completed her matriculation is Assam. Her sister, Sowkar Janaki is also an actress.

Career
T. Krishna Kumari started her career at the age of 17 with a small role in the Telugu film Pathala Bhairavi (1951). She later played the role of a heroine for the first time in Navvithe Navaratnalu (1951). She featured as leading actress in several Tamil movies, notably Thirumbi Paar (1953), Manithan (1953), Azhagi (1953), Pudhu Yugam (1954), Viduthalai (1954) and Thuli Visham (1954).

Krishna Kumari then began to focus on Telugu cinema, which propelled her to stardom. Her movies Pelli Meeda Pelli (1959), Bharya Bhartalu (1961), Vagdanam (1961), Kulagothralu (1962), Gudi Gantalu (1964) remain some of Telugu cinema's classics.

In the early 1960s, Krishna Kumari entered the Kannada film industry briefly, choosing to return to her preferred Telugu cinema within years. But in the short span of 5–6 years, she gave memorable performances, most of them co-starring Dr. Rajkumar. In fact, her first ever award was for the Rajkumar starrer, Bhaktha Kanakadasa (1960).

In Hindi, she acted in Kabhi Andhera Kabhi Ujala (1958). She was rechristened Rati but again, Hindi cinema held no attraction for Krishna Kumari. Although she had several offers in Hindi cinema, she returned to Madras. Her most successful movies have been with Akkineni Nageswara Rao, N. T. Rama Rao and also several mythological roles with Kantha Rao.

Krishna Kumari acted in 150 Telugu films, and about 30 Tamil and Kannada films. Her repertoire won her fans across Telugu states and the President's Award. Her co-stars include N.T. Rama Rao, Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Krishnam Raju, Dr. Rajkumar, Sivaji Ganesan, Kanta Rao, and Jaggayya.

Personal life
In 1969, Krishna Kumari married Ajay Mohan Khaitan, a businessman and journalist who had previously served as Editor of the Indian Express and was the founder of two magazines, Screen and Businessman. Ajay Mohan Khaitan had previously been married to another lady also named Krishna, who was the daughter of Ramnath Goenka, founder and owner of The Indian Express. By his previous marriage, Ajay Mohan Khaitan was the father of two sons, including Vivek, who was adopted by Ramnath Goenka and given the name Viveck Goenka; he is presently running The Indian Express.

After marriage, Krishna Kumari chose to step away from the arclights and moved to her husband's farmhouse near Bangalore, where she devoted herself to her family and developed her interests in cooking and gardening. Krishna Kumari and Khaitan had a daughter, Dipika; according to some reports, Dipika was adopted by the couple. Dipika married Vikram Maiya, the son of the Maiya family which owns the famous MTR restaurant in Bangalore and the MTR brand of ready-to-eat foods.

Ajay Mohan Khaitan died in 2012 aged 85. Krishna Kumari continued to live at her farmhouse in Bengaluru with her daughter, son-in-law and grandson.

Death
Krishna Kumari died on 24 January 2018, in Bangalore from bone marrow cancer.

Filmography

In popular culture
 Krishna Kumari was portrayed by actress Pranitha Subhash in the 2019 biographical film NTR: Kathanayakudu, based on the real life and acting career of N. T. Rama Rao.

References

External links

1933 births
2018 deaths
Indian film actresses
Actresses in Kannada cinema
20th-century Indian actresses
Actresses in Telugu cinema
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
People from North 24 Parganas district
Actresses from West Bengal
Deaths from cancer in India
Deaths from bone cancer
Deaths from multiple myeloma
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Telugu actresses


Train Warning System may refer to:

 Train Warning System (India)
 Train Warning System (US)


Platón Sánchez is a town (villa) in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located in the state's Huasteca Alta region. It serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of Platón Sánchez.

In the 2005 INEGI Census, the town reported a total population of 10,009.

The town's name honours  (1831–1867), a native of the area who fought in the Battle of Puebla of 5 May 1862 and later chaired the court martial that sentenced Emperor Maximilian and his generals Miguel Miramón and Tomás Mejía to death by firing squad in Santiago de Querétaro on 19 June 1867.

References

External links
 Platón Sánchez on Veracruz State Govt. web page

Populated places in Veracruz


The Train Warning System in India is a device that helps prevent trains passing signals at stop. The system is an implementation of Level 1 ERTMS.

See also
 Anti-collision device
 Automatic Train Protection
 ETCS

References

External links
 EFYTimes

Railway signalling in India
Train protection systems


is a commuter railway line in Tokyo, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Seibu Railway. The line connects Nerima Station and Toshimaen Station, both in Nerima, Tokyo. It runs parallel to the Toei Oedo Line.

Stations

History
The line opened on 15 October 1927, between Nerima Station and Toshima Station (present-day Toshimaen Station.

Station numbering was introduced on all Seibu Railway lines during fiscal 2012, with Seibu Toshima Line stations numbered prefixed with the letters "SI" (part of the Seibu Ikebukuro group of lines).

References

Railway lines in Tokyo
Toshima Line
1067 mm gauge railways in Japan


The Lady of Ibiza is a ceramic figure, 47 cm tall, that dates from the third century BC. It is on display in the National Archaeological Museum of Spain in Madrid.

The figure was found in the necropolis of Puig des Molins on the island of Ibiza in the Mediterranean. It was made using a mold and has a cavity in the back, perhaps used for hanging it up. She is richly ornamented in terms of clothing and jewelry.

Most of the figures found in the Puig des Molins necropolis are representations of Greek goddesses. It is believed that there was a large colony of immigrants there from Magna Grecia, (the Greek colonies of southern Italy), over the centuries. Carthaginian female figure.

References

See also
 Carthaginian Iberia
 Tanit

3rd-century BC sculptures
European sculpture
Archaeological discoveries in Spain
Ancient history of the Iberian Peninsula
History of the Balearic Islands


Polycotylus is a genus of plesiosaur within the family Polycotylidae. The type species is P. latippinis and was named by American paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope in 1869. Eleven other species have been identified. The name means 'much-cupped vertebrae', referring to the shape of the vertebrae. It lived in the Western Interior Seaway of North America toward the end of the Cretaceous. One fossil preserves an adult with a single large fetus inside of it, indicating that Polycotylus gave live birth, an unusual adaptation among reptiles.

History
Edward Drinker Cope named Polycotylus from the Niobrara Formation in Kansas in 1869. The holotype bones from which he based his description were fragmentary, representing only a small portion of the skeleton. A more complete skeleton was later found in Kansas and was described in 1906. A nearly complete skeleton was found in 1949 from the Mooreville Chalk Formation in Alabama, but was not described until 2002. A new species, P. sopozkoi, from Russia was described in 2016.

Description

Like all plesiosaurs, Polycotylus was a large marine reptile with a short tail, large flippers, and a broad body. It has a short neck and a long head, and was a medium-sized plesiosaur, with the type species (P. latipinnis) measuring  long and weighing . It has more neck vertebrae than other polycotylids, however. Polycotylus is thought to be a basal polycotylid because it has more vertebrae in its neck (a feature that links it with long-necked ancestors) and its humerus has a more primitive shape. The long ischia of the pelvis are a distinguishing feature of Polycotylus, as are thick teeth with striations on their surfaces, a narrow pterygoid bone on the palate and a low sagittal crest on top of the skull.

Classification
Unlike some better-known long-necked plesiosaurs like Plesiosaurus and Elasmosaurus, Polycotylus had a short neck. This led to it being classified as a pliosaur, a marine reptile within the superfamily Pliosauroidea, closely related to true plesiosaurs (which belong to the superfamily Plesiosauroidea). Polycotylus and other polycotylids superficially resemble pliosaurs like Liopleurodon and Peloneustes because they have short necks, large heads, and other proportions that differ from true plesiosaurs.

As phylogenetic analyses became common in the last few decades, the classification of Polycotylus and other plesiosaurs have been revised. In 1997, it and other polycotylids were reassigned as close relatives of long-necked elasmosaurids. In a 2001 study, Polycotylus was classified as a derived cryptocleidoid plesiosaur closely related to Jurassic plesiosaurs like Cryptocleidus. Below is a cladogram from a 2004 study which supported a similar classification:

In 2007, Polycotylus was placed in a new subfamily of polycotylids called Polycotylinae. Another newly described polycotylid called Eopolycotylus from Glen Canyon, Utah, was found to be the closest relative of Polycotylus. Below is a cladogram from the 2007 study:

Paleobiology

Reproduction

A fossil of P. latippinis catalogued LACM 129639 includes an adult individual with a single fetus inside it. LACM 129639 was found in Kansas during the 1980s and was in storage at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County until it was described in 2011. The length of the fetus is around , which is about 32 percent of the length of the mother. Gestation was probably two thirds complete based on what is known of the fetal development of related nothosaurs. This fossil suggests that Polycotylus was viviparous, giving live birth (as opposed to laying eggs).

Viviparity, or live birth, may have been the most common form of reproduction in plesiosaurs, as they would have had difficulty laying eggs on land. Their bodies are not adapted to movement on land, and paleontologists have long hypothesized that they must have given birth in water. Other marine reptiles such as ichthyosaurs also gave live birth, but LACM 129639 was the first direct evidence of vivipary in plesiosaurs. The lives of Polycotylus and other plesiosaurs were K-selected, meaning that few offspring were born to each individual but those that were born were cared for as they mature. Because it gave birth to a single large offspring, the mother Polycotylus probably gave it some form of parental care for it to survive. F. Robin O'Keefe, one of the describers of LACM 129639, suggested that the social lives of plesiosaurs were "more similar to those of modern dolphins than other reptiles." K-selected life-history strategies are also seen in mammals and some lizards, but are unusual among reptiles.

Examination of the fetus of Polycotylus indicates that while in the womb, plesiosaurs sacrificed fetal bone strength for accelerated growth rates. Histological analysis and comparisons with another plesiosaur, Dolichorhynchops, showed that some plesiosaur infants were up to forty percent the length of the mother when born, and that infant plesiosaurs may have had some compromised swimming abilities.

See also
 List of plesiosaur genera
 Timeline of plesiosaur research

References

Late Cretaceous plesiosaurs of North America
Polycotylids
Fossil taxa described in 1869
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
Sauropterygian genera


The Chosen Few were an Australian punk band which formed in 1978. Three founding band mates were all from an earlier hard rock band, Deathwish: Ian John Cunningham on bass guitar (later on lead vocals), Calum "Cal" McAlpine on drums and Bruce Friday on guitar. They were soon joined by Iain Weaver on lead vocals (died 1995). The Chosen Few formed in the Mornington Peninsula and played a combination of covers of United States-influenced punk (MC5, Stooges) and hard driven original numbers inspired by Lobby Loyde and the Coloured Balls and The Saints.

In 1978 The Chosen Few released a six-track extended play, The Jokes on Us. It was recorded in a studio in Smith Street, Collingwood, with Baron Rolls as audio engineer. The band played regularly around the Melbourne and Adelaide punk scenes but disbanded in May 1979. They joined Bohdan X (ex-JAB) as Bohdan and the Instigators but they broke up by late 1980.

There was a short lived reunion of The Chosen Few in 1998 with a new line up: Cunningham, now on lead vocals, and McAlpine, were joined by Bill Blanche on bass guitar and Jeff Hussey on lead guitar. Two albums were released in that year: Do the Manic (Buckwheat Headlock Productions/Existential Vacuum Records, US) and A Root and a Beer (Au Go Go Records). They were followed by a double-CD album, Really Gonna Punch You Out (Hate Records, Italy), in 2001.

The band revived briefly in 2018 with the following membership: Ian Cunningham (lead vocals), Jeff Hussey (guitar), Calum Hussey (guitar), Brad Barry (bass) and Alessandro Coco (drums). The band rehearsed  for a couple of months intending to play at a punk festival but that event did not eventuate.

References

Australian punk rock groups


USS Luckenbach may refer to various United States Navy ships:

 , a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
 USS Edward Luckenbach (ID-1662), a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
 , a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
 , a collier in commission from 1918 to 1919
 , a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
 , a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
 , a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
 USS Luckenbach Tug No. 1 (ID-1232), a tug commissioned in 1917 and renamed  18 days later
 , a cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919

See also
 , a commercial cargo ship from 1901 to 1922, formerly the German Saale of 1886
 Luckenbach No. 4, a tug commissioned in 1917 as
 SS Mary Luckenbach, a commercial cargo ship in service from 1947 to 1959 that previously served in the U.S. Navy as
 Edgar F. Luckenbach (1868–1943), businessman and owner of the Luckenbach Steamship Company, Inc.

United States Navy ship names


Lester DeWitt Mallory (April 21, 1904 – June 21, 1994) was an American diplomat.

Mallory was born in Houlton, Maine. He received a bachelor of science in agriculture in 1927 and a Master of Science in agriculture degree in 1929 from the University of British Columbia.  Mallory earned a Ph.D. in agricultural economics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1935.

The son of Enrique and May Mallory, Mallory spent his early years in Oregon, Alberta, and British Columbia, and attended Naramota and Oak Bay High Schools in British Columbia from 1919 to 1922.  From 1927 to 1928 Mallory was an assistant in horticulture at the University of British Columbia, and in 1929 worked as secretary of the British Columbia Fruit Growers.

Mallory began working for the United States federal government in 1931, initially for the Department of Agriculture as assistant agricultural commissioner in Marseille, to which position he was appointed June 15, 1931. Mallory was selected for this position on the basis of his expertise in analysis of horticultural products.

From July 1933 to August 1934 Mallory was assigned to Washington as an associate agricultural economist in the Agricultural Adjustment Administration of USDA, working on farm credit issues.  In August 1934 he was assigned to Paris as assistant agricultural attaché.  Effective June 2, 1938, he was designated acting agricultural attaché, and as of June 1, 1939, he was appointed agricultural attaché at Paris.

Mallory was evacuated to the United States with the outbreak of World War II in September 1939 and reassigned as the first U.S. agricultural attaché in Mexico City.  At that time he was commissioned a Foreign Service Officer in the Department of State, as the Foreign Agricultural Service was abolished and agricultural attachés were transferred from USDA to State in that year.

Mallory subsequently served in liberated Paris, from Christmas Eve 1944 until mid-1945. During his tour of duty in Paris, Mallory was granted permission by the Department of State to marry a foreign national, Eleanor Mercedes Struck y Bulnes, whom he had met in Mexico City.   He then returned to the U.S., where he was liaison officer between USDA's Office of Foreign Agricultural Relations and the U.S. Department of State.  Mallory was assigned to Havana as counselor of embassy (deputy chief of mission) in 1947 and in 1949 to Buenos Aires in the same capacity.  On August 23, 1950, President Truman appointed Mallory to the personal rank of Minister.

Mallory served as Ambassador to Jordan from 1953 to 1958 and to Guatemala in 1958 and 1959. During his tour of duty in Jordan, on July 20, 1955, Mallory was promoted to the then-highest Foreign Service rank, Career Minister.  Mallory was a Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs in 1960 and retired from the State Department on October 31 of that year.

Mallory then joined the Inter-American Development Bank, working in Washington, D.C., Costa Rica, and Panama, and helped establish the anthropology department at the University of Guadalajara, Mexico.  In 1961 the Guatemalan government presented him with the Order of the Quetzal.

He lived in Lake Forest, California and died following a heart attack at Saddleback Hospital in Laguna Hills, California.  The conference room of the Foreign Agricultural Service's office in the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City is named in his honor. His oral history interview was published by the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training.

His role in the embargo against Cuba

As Deputy Assistant Secretary, he wrote an internal memo on April 6, 1960, to initiate the United States embargo against Cuba. Mallory proposed denying money and supplies to Cuba, decreasing their wages, and bringing about hunger and desperation. Later that year, the Eisenhower administration instituted the embargo.

In a secret memorandum, declassified in 1991, Mallory wrote on April 6, 1960: "Most Cubans support Castro…There is no effective political opposition (…) The only possible way to make the government lose domestic support is by provoking disappointment and discouragement through economic dissatisfaction and hardships (…) Every possible means should be immediately used to weaken the economic life (…) denying Cuba funds and supplies to reduce nominal and real salaries with the objective of provoking hunger, desperation and the overthrow of the government."

References

External links
  (use the search engine for a "Full Text" search on "Lester Mallory" in quotes)

Ambassadors of the United States to Guatemala
Ambassadors of the United States to Jordan
1904 births
1994 deaths
Order of the Quetzal
United States Foreign Service personnel


Tina Bride (birth name Kim Poelmans) is a Flemish dance singer. She was born in Sint-Truiden on 23 December 1977.

Bride trained and studied classical singing and jazz dance from the age of ten. She was discovered as a singer by the X-Session producer Marc Cortens in 2000, leading to the production of her first single, "Get To You", later that year.

Discography

Singles
"Get To You" (radio edit) / "Get To You" (DA Flip mix) (BE,2000) (EAN: 7 86574 05245 3)
"Get Another (Girlfriend)" (radio edit) / "Get Another (Girlfriend)" (extended mix) / "Get Another (Girlfriend)" (instrumental) (BE,2001) (EAN: 7 86574 06245 2)
"Don't Give Up" (radio mix) / "Don't Give Up" (extended mix) / "Don't Give Up" (instrumental) (BE, 2001) (EAN: 7 86574 05895 0)
"Perfect love" (radio mix) / "Perfect Love" (extended mix) / "Perfect Love" (instrumental) (BE, 2001) (EAN: 7 86574 05565 2)
"Party @" (radio edit) / "Party @" (extended mix) / "Party @" (instrumental) (BEL, 2002) (EAN: 7 86574 06575 0)
"It Feels So Good" (radio edit) / Que Pour Nous Deux (radio edit) / It Feels So Good (extended mix) (BE, 2002) (EAN: 7 86574 07165 2)
"Take a chance on me" (radio mix) / "Take A Chance On Me" (instrumental) (BE, 2003) (EAN: 7 86574 07535 3)
"Mr.Sun" / "Love and Understanding" (BE, 2004) (EAN: 7 86574 084652)
"Mr.Sun" / "Don't Give Up" / "What A Feeling" (GER, 2004) (EAN: 0 90204 92095 2)
"Funky fever" (radio edit) / "Funky Fever" (instrumentaal) (BE, 2004) (EAN: 5 412705 000219)
"Close To You" / "Bubbels in M’n Buik" (BE, 2007) (EAN: -)
"Close To You" (radio edit) / "Close To You" (Dexter Connection Extended Mix) / "Close To You" (Dexxclab Club Remix) + VIDEOCLIP (100MB,MPG) (GER, 2008) (EAN: 0 90204 89411 6)

Compilations
It Feels So Good – o.a. Kids klub (2003)
Hij Komt – Sinterklaas Viert Feest (2003)
Hoor Wie Klopt Daar – Sinterklaas Viert Feest (2003)
Love And Understanding – Mr. Sun (2004)
Mr. Sun – Mr. Sun (2004)

Albums
 The Bride Side of Life (in 2003)

References

1977 births
Living people
Flemish women
Belgian women pop singers
Belgian pop singers
21st-century Belgian women singers
21st-century Belgian singers


Draper Island is located just inside the Michigan border, in Watersmeet Township, Gogebic County, Michigan, United States. The island is one of two inhabited islands in Lac Vieux Desert, the other being Duck Island, Wisconsin. Sometimes shown on older maps as Koch Island or Oak Island and locally as Rose Island  the current name was designated official by the Board on Geographic Names Decisions of the U.S. Geological Survey in 1962.

Notes

Islands of Gogebic County, Michigan
Lake islands of Michigan


Duck Island is a small island located just inside the Wisconsin border, in the town of Phelps, Vilas County, Wisconsin, United States. The island is one of two inhabited islands in Lac Vieux Desert, the other being Draper Island, Michigan.

Climate

Notes

Landforms of Vilas County, Wisconsin
Lake islands of Wisconsin


Duck Island can refer to any of a number of places, including:

 Duck island (garden feature)

Australia
Duck Island (Victoria) in Australia
Wild Duck Island, in Australia's Northumberland Islands chain

Canada
Duck Island (Newfoundland), one of the Wadham Islands
Duck Island (Lake Huron), Ontario
False Duck Island, in Lake Ontario
Main Duck Island, in Lake Ontario

United Kingdom
Duck Island (Barnet) in the River Brent, Arkley, England
Duck Island, a small island in St. James's Park lake, London
Duck Island Cottage, the headquarters of the London Gardens Trust
Duck Island, County Antrim, a townland in County Antrim, Northern Ireland

United States
Duck Island (Milford, Connecticut), an island in Milford, Connecticut
Duck Island, an island in Westbrook, Connecticut
Duck Key, Florida
Great Duck Island, Maine (sometimes simply called Duck Island)
Duck Island (Isles of Shoals), Maine; see Isles of Shoals
Duck Island, Maryland, an island in Washington County, Maryland
Duck Island (Richland County, Montana), an island in the Yellowstone River in Montana
Duck Island (Valley County, Montana), an island in the Missouri River
Duck Island, in Squam Lake, New Hampshire
Duck Island, a district in the Tremont neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio
Duck Island (New Jersey), a peninsula (formerly an island) at the confluence of the Delaware River and Crosswicks Creek
Duck Island, New Jersey, an unincorporated community on the northwest edge of the above peninsula
Duck Island (New York), an island in New York
Duck Island, in Green Lake (Seattle), Washington
Duck Island (Vilas County, Wisconsin) (near the border with Michigan)

Other places
Ap Chau, near Hong Kong is Chinese
Patos Island (Venezuela), in Gulf of Paria


Patrick Joseph Noel Purcell (23 December 1900 – 3 March 1985) was a distinguished Irish actor of stage, screen, and television. He appeared in the 1956 film Moby Dick and the 1962 film Mutiny on the Bounty.

Early life and education
Patrick Joseph Noel Purcell was the son of Dublin auctioneer Pierce Purcell and his second wife Catherine (née Hoban), an antique dealer. He was born at 11a, Lower Mercer Street, one of two houses owned by his mother's family.

Purcell was educated at Synge Street CBS. He lost the tip of his right index finger while making cigarette vending machines, and was also missing his entire left index finger due to a different accident while he was an apprentice carpenter, a feature which he exploited for dramatic effect in the film Mutiny on the Bounty (1962).

Career

Purcell began his show business career at the age of 12 in Dublin's Gaiety Theatre. Later, he toured Ireland in a vaudeville act with Jimmy O'Dea.

Stage-trained in the classics in Dublin, Purcell moved into films in 1934. He appeared in Captain Boycott (1947) and as the elderly sailor whose death marooned the lovers-to-be in the first sound film version of The Blue Lagoon (1949). He played a member of Captain Ahab's crew in Moby Dick (1956), Dan O'Flaherty in episode one, The Majesty of the Law, of The Rising of the Moon (1957), a gamekeeper in The List of Adrian Messenger (1963), and a barman in The Mackintosh Man (1973); the last two films were directed by John Huston.

In 1955, he was an off-and-on regular on the British filmed TV series The Buccaneers (released to American TV in 1956). He narrated a Hibernian documentary, Seven Wonders of Ireland (1959). In 1962, he portrayed the lusty William McCoy in Lewis Milestone's Mutiny on the Bounty. He played a taciturn Irish in-law to Lebanese American entertainer Danny Thomas's character Danny Williams in a 1963 episode of The Danny Thomas Show. In 1971, he played the caring rabbi in the children's musical drama Flight of the Doves.

He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1958 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at the BBC Television Theatre.

Purcell also gained some recognition as a singer. Shortly after the Second World War, songwriter Leo Maguire composed "The Dublin Saunter" for him. He performed the song live for many years and later recorded it for the Glenside label. However, the recording was not a hit. As Purcell recalled many years later, "I don't think one person in the world bought it." However, over time it became one of the most favourite songs about Dublin, receiving countless air-play on radio programmes. In his latter years, Purcell was asked by RTÉ journalist Colm Connolly whether he had received many royalties down the years. Purcell replied: "Not a penny. I recorded it as a favour for a pal, Leo Maguire, who'd written it. No contract or anything, so I never got a fee or any payments."

In 1981 (on YouTube it's 1974) he recorded a spoken word version of Pete St. John's "Dublin in the Rare Old Times".

In June 1984, Purcell was given the Freedom of the City of Dublin. Nine months later, he died in his native city at the age of 84.

Personal life
On 7 July 1941, Purcell married former child actress Eileen Marmion. They had four sons.

Selected filmography

Jimmy Boy (1935)
Knight Without Armour (1937) as First Train Driver Trying to Clear Track (uncredited)
Odd Man Out (1947) as Tram Conductor (uncredited)
Captain Boycott (1947) as Daniel McGinty
The Blue Lagoon (1949) as Paddy Button
Saints and Sinners (1949) as Flaherty
Talk of a Million (1951) as Matty McGrath
No Resting Place (1951) as Garda Mannigan
Appointment with Venus (1951) as Trawler Langley
Encore (1951) as Tom, Captain (Segment "Winter Cruise")
Father's Doing Fine (1952) as Shaughneesy
The Crimson Pirate (1952) as Pablo Murphy
The Pickwick Papers (1952) as Roker
Decameron Nights (1953) as Father Francisco
Grand National Night (1953) as Philip Balfour
Doctor in the House (1954) as The Padre (uncredited)
The Seekers (1954) as Paddy Clarke
Mad About Men (1954) as Percy
Svengali (1954) as Patrick O'Ferrall
Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., Presents (1955) as Willie Hosmer
Doctor at Sea (1955) as Corbie
Jacqueline (1956) as Mr. Owen
Moby Dick (1956) as Ship's Carpenter
Lust for Life (1956) as Anton Mauve
The Buccaneers (1 episode, 1956) as Pat
The Adventures of Sir Lancelot (1 episode, 1956) as Liam
Doctor at Large (1957) as The Padre – Bartender
The Rising of the Moon (1957) as Dan O'Flaherty (1st Episode)
Merry Andrew (1958) as Matthew Larabee
Rooney (1958) as Tim Hennesy
The Key (1958) as Hotel Porter
Rockets Galore! (1958) as Father James
Shake Hands with the Devil (1959) as Liam O'Sullivan
Ferry to Hong Kong (1959) as Joe Skinner, Chief Engineer
Tommy the Toreador (1959) as Captain
Make Mine Mink (1960) as Burglar
Watch Your Stern (1960) as Adm. Sir Humphrey Pettigrew
The Millionairess (1960) as Prof. Merton
Man in the Moon (1960) as Prospector
The Three Worlds of Gulliver (1960) as Capt. Pritchard (uncredited)
No Kidding (1961) as Tandy
Double Bunk (1961) as O'Malley
Johnny Nobody (1961) as Brother Timothy
Three Spare Wives (1962) as Sir Hubert
The Iron Maiden (1962) as Admiral Sir Digby Trevelyan
Mutiny on the Bounty (1962) as Seaman William McCoy
Make Room for Daddy (1962) as Francis Daly
Nurse on Wheels (1963) as Abel Worthy
The Running Man (1963) as Miles Bleeker
The List of Adrian Messenger (1963) as Countryman (uncredited)
The DuPont Show of the Week (1 episode, 1963) as Meager
The Ceremony (1963) as Finigan
Lord Jim (1965) as Captain Chester in the courtroom of the "Patna" trial
The Avengers (1 episode, 1965) as Jonah Barnard
Doctor in Clover (1966) as O'Malley
The Saint (2 episodes, 1964–1966) as Brendan Cullin / Mike Kelly
Drop Dead Darling (1966) as Capt. Daniel O'Flannery
Dr. Finlay's Casebook (1 episode, 1967) as Alexander Craig
The Violent Enemy (1967) as John Michael Leary
I Spy (1 episode, 1967) as Fletcher
Sinful Davey (1969) as Jock
Where's Jack? (1969) as Leatherchest
Dixon of Dock Green (1 episode, 1969) as Thomas
The McKenzie Break (1970) as Ferry Captain (uncredited)
Flight of the Doves (1971) as Rabbi
The Onedin Line (1 episode, 1972) as Hennessy
The Mackintosh Man (1973) as O'Donovan
The Irish R.M. (1 episode, 1984) as O'Reilly (final appearance)

See also

 List of people on stamps of Ireland

References

External links

1900 births
1985 deaths
Irish male film actors
Irish male television actors
Burials at Deans Grange Cemetery
Male actors from County Dublin
20th-century Irish male actors
People educated at Synge Street CBS


Ziyadat Allah () can refer to:

 Ziyadat Allah I of Ifriqiya, third Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya (817–838)
 Ziyadat Allah II of Ifriqiya, seventh Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya (863–864)
 Ziyadat Allah III of Ifriqiya, eleventh and last Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya (903–909)


Vincent Denson (born 24 November 1935) is a former professional racing cyclist who rode the Tour de France, won a stage of the Giro d'Italia and won the Tour of Luxembourg in the 1960s.

He was a team-mate of Rik Van Looy and of Jacques Anquetil and, in the Tour de France, of Tom Simpson. He was the first British rider to win a stage of the Giro, before finishing 40th overall.

Origins

Denson was born in Chester, England. He had his first bike at 12, a black Hercules Falcon borrowed from his brother and with wooden blocks fitted to the pedals to make it smaller. He began riding to Helsby Hill, Rhyl and Prestatyn and went youth-hostelling. At 17 he joined Chester Road Club, initially for touring but then to race. He was inspired by his French teacher at school, who had lived in France, whose hero was Jean Robic and who gave his class Miroir du Cyclisme to study. Denson's first race was an evening 25-mile time-trial, which he finished in 1h 4 m 30s. He said:

Denson finished four times in the top 12 of the British Best All-Rounder competition, which aggregates rides over 50 and 100 miles and 12 hours. He came seventh in the Milk Race in 1959 and fifth in 1960. He finished the Peace Race of 1960 and 1961 in 17th and 27th. The Peace Race, which linked Berlin, Warsaw and Prague was run over roads often still wrecked from the Second World War. It was always keenly contested by riders from the communist bloc. Denson said:

Semi-professional career
Denson failed to make the British team for the Olympic Games and took out a licence as an independent, or semi-professional, for Temple Cycles in 1961. He and three other riders, Ken Laidlaw, Stan Brittain and Sean Ryan, moved to Donzenac, near Brive.

Denson rode for Britain in the 1961 Tour de France, which was for national teams. Only three of the team – Laidlaw, Brian Robinson and Seamus Elliott got to the finish. Denson dropped out on the col de la République, also known as the col du Grand Bois, outside St-Étienne.

Denson returned to York, where he and his wife, Vi, were buying a house. In March 1962 they decided to return to France, travelling to Paris and then to Troyes, where Denson joined the UVC Aube club, sponsored by Frimatic. He was paid £24 a month.

He won the GP Frimatic by four minutes and then the eight-day Vuelta Bidasoa, in Spain. He won a stage of a professional race, the Circuit d'Aquitaine in France and came sixth in the Grand Prix des Nations despite being led off course and twice losing his chain.

Of his Circuit of Aquitaine ride, he said:

Professional career
Denson's club recommended him to Maurice de Muer, manager of the Pelforth-Sauvage Lejeune professional team. De Muer promised him a contract if he won a stage of the Circuit d'Aquitaine and rode well in the Grand Prix des Nations. Denson signed with Pelforth in October 1963, when he was 27, riding in the yellow, white and blue of the French brewery and its cosponsor, a bicycle factory. He was the second Englishman in the team, with Alan Ramsbottom.

He came 10th in Milan–San Remo and in Paris–Nice but didn't make Pelforth's Tour team. Denson was already unhappy with Pelforth, where the policy was to pay riders' salaries at the end and not during the season. He was already reduced to eating carrots found in fields while training. Not riding the Tour was a further financial blow.

He left Troyes in 1964, hoping for a place with Tom Simpson in the Peugeot team. When the place didn't become free, he moved to Ghent, in Belgium. There, if he couldn't ride for Simpson he could at least train with him. In races, however, they would be rivals; Denson was to ride for Rik Van Looy in the Solo team, sponsored by a margarine company. He was the only foreigner in the team and never did master the Dutch that the rest of team spoke.

The team won six stages of that year's Tour de France.

That autumn, at the world championship at Sallanches, France, Jacques Anquetil and his directeur-sportif, Raphaël Géminiani, said they had been watching Denson and wanted him for a team they were creating, sponsored by Ford-France. Denson stayed with Anquetil when the sponsor changed to Bic, opened a bar in Ghent, and had what he called the happiest years of his racing life.

Simpson's death
Denson rode for Britain in the 1967 Tour de France. During it, his friend Tom Simpson died close to the summit of Mont Ventoux. He said of the hours at the hotel waiting for news of his leader:

Next day the French rider, Jean Stablinski, said the remaining riders wanted Denson, as Simpson's closest friend, to ride ahead of the race and win for Simpson. The victory went instead to Barry Hoban, who said he found himself at the front but remembers nothing else. Denson is still upset.

Denson lost heart, began missing contracts. He recovered by the end of the year and talked to the Italian team, Molteni, about joining. Instead he signed for Kelvinator to ride the Giro d'Italia. A year later (1968) he returned to Britain and rode for the domestic professional team, Bantel.

Giro d'Italia

Denson won a stage of the Giro d'Italia, stage 9 in 1966 before finishing 40th overall. He said:

Denson said Italian fans often made a pretence of helping push foreign riders up hills while pulling at their brakes to slow them down.

He said his time-trialling experience helped him chase riders like Motta.

Private life and retirement
In 1969 Denson opened a wood-treatment business near Harlow, Essex, before dropping out of professional racing. He now races as an amateur.

Denson was known in continental Europe as Vic, a name he acquired because Vin – short for Vincent – is French for "wine".

References

Further reading

1935 births
British Giro d'Italia stage winners
English male cyclists
Living people
Sportspeople from Chester
Cycling writers


The following is a list of chiefs of mission from the United States to Jordan.

The first chief of mission, Gerald A. Drew held the title of Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. The second chief of mission, Joseph C. Green, was appointed as an envoy but promoted to as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, as the Legation Amman was raised to embassy status on August 27, 1952. Every chief of mission since has held the title of United States Ambassador.

See also
Jordan – United States relations
Foreign relations of Jordan
Ambassadors of the United States
 Embassy of Jordan, Washington, D.C.
 List of Jordanian ambassadors to the United States

References

United States Department of State: Background notes on Jordan

External links
 United States Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for Jordan
 United States Department of State: Jordan
 United States Embassy in Amman

Jordan
Main
United States