Jean-Yves Mvoto Owono (born 6 September 1988) is a French professional footballer who plays as a defender for German club Wormatia Worms. He has also appeared for English teams Oldham Athletic, Barnsley, Leyton Orient, Polish team Zawisza Bydgoszcz, as well as Scottish sides Raith Rovers and Dunfermline Athletic.

Club career
Mvoto was born in Paris. He joined Sunderland on a -year contract for an undisclosed fee on 15 January 2008. On 7 August 2009, Mvoto signed a six-month loan with Southend United.

On 12 January 2010, Mvoto extended his loan with Southend until the end of the season. He scored his first goal for Southend in a 2–2 draw with future club Oldham Athletic on 24 April 2010.

On 5 August 2010 he, along with teammate Oumare Tounkara, joined Oldham Athletic on a season-long loan. He scored his first Oldham goal on 30 October 2010 in a 4–2 victory over Plymouth Argyle. After being virtually ever present for the team he injured his ankle and Oldham cancelled the remainder of his loan in January 2011.
However, on 18 March 2011, after regaining full fitness, Oldham Athletic re-signed the defender on loan from Sunderland until the end of the season. On 7 April, Sunderland announced that he was amongst eight players to be released at the end of the season.

On 30 June 2011, Oldham Athletic announced that Mvoto had signed a two-year contract with the club, despite interest from other clubs.

Mvoto signed a two-year contract with Championship club Barnsley on 23 July 2013.

After leaving Barnsley in the summer of 2015, he spent some time without a club before signing on a two-month contract with League Two club Leyton Orient on 20 November 2015. On 20 January 2016, Leyton Orient announced that Mvoto would be departing the club at the conclusion of his two-month deal.

In January 2016 he signed at Polish club Zawisza Bydgoszcz.

On 8 July 2016 it was announced that Mvoto had then signed for Raith Rovers. After one year with Raith, Mvoto signed a one-year deal for Fife rivals Dunfermline Athletic in May 2017. Mvoto left East End Park at the end of his contract.

Mvoto joined Norwegian Third Division side Nybergsund in April 2019.

International career
Mvoto is a former France Under-19 international.

Career statistics

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Paris
French men's footballers
France men's youth international footballers
French sportspeople of Cameroonian descent
Men's association football defenders
Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Southend United F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
Barnsley F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Zawisza Bydgoszcz players
Raith Rovers F.C. players
Dunfermline Athletic F.C. players
Nybergsund IL-Trysil players
Wormatia Worms players
English Football League players
I liga players
Scottish Professional Football League players
Oberliga (football) players
Regionalliga players
French expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in England
French expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate men's footballers in Poland
French expatriate sportspeople in Poland
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
French expatriate sportspeople in Germany


Rev. Ralph Levett (1600 – c. 1660) was an English Anglican minister who served as domestic chaplain to an aristocratic family from Lincolnshire with Puritan sympathies, who subsequently installed him as rector of a local parish. A graduate of Christ's College, Cambridge, where he became a protégé of the prominent Puritan minister John Cotton, Levett later married the sister of the wife of his friend Rev. John Wheelwright, another well-known early Puritan settler of New England.

Biography

Early life
Ralph Levett was born in 1600 in High Melton, West Riding of Yorkshire to an old Yorkshire family, the Levetts, previously seated at Normanton and Hooton Levitt. His father, Thomas Levett, was of middling rank in the local gentry, not owning the manor at High Melton, but identified as 'gent.' in local records. Ralph Levett's mother was Elizabeth Mirfin of a family who owned the manor of Thurcroft.

Levett enrolled at Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1617, where he took his B.A. and M.A. degrees, and was ordained in 1624, when he was named a deacon at York. Following his ordination, Levett spent time in the Boston household of Rev. John Cotton, a leading Puritan of his day. The practice of taking in postgraduate students for training in a Puritan rector's household was a well-established one, and Cotton had many such Cambridge acolytes, who came to learn the ways of carrying on a Puritan ministry.

Ashby cum Fenby
Following his time in Cotton's household, Levett took up his post as private chaplain with the household of Sir Christopher Wray in Ashby cum Fenby, Lincolnshire. Wray was the grandson of Sir Christopher Wray, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales and a wealthy politician, having enriched himself with profits from the Royal mint. Sir Christopher Wray was lord of several manors in Yorkshire, as well as four others, including Grainsby, in Lincolnshire. His son Sir William, (1555–1617) was created baronet, and was the father of two sons: Sir John Wray and, by his second wife Frances, daughter of Sir William Drury of Hawstead, Suffolk, Sir Christopher Wray (1601–1646).

Although originally from Yorkshire, Levett apparently decided to remain in Lincolnshire. His post within the Wray family household, known as Puritan sympathisers, shielded Levett to some degree from the persecution by Archbishop William Laud of clergymen with Puritan sympathies. In 1636, by contrast, Levett's friend Wheelwright, whom he apparently knew at Cambridge, was driven from his post at Bilsby by the ecclesiastical authorities, and departed for the Massachusetts Bay Colony. (Wheelwright was following John Cotton, who himself had fled to Massachusetts three years earlier to avoid imprisonment for nonconformity.)

Still, the rigours of ministering to an aristocratic, if Puritan-inclined household, meant that Levett sometimes wrote to his former mentor Cotton for advice on handling tricky situations. In 1627 the novice Levett wrote Cotton, inquiring how to pray appropriately for his patroness when she was in the congregation, and Levett asked for particular guidance on dealing with entertainments he witnessed at Christmastime, including "cardinge" (card playing) as well as "mixt dancinge." Valentine's Day caught Levett unawares when he was approached by the household's "2. young Ladyes" and asked to draw a name from a hat. "His Puritan principles," writes Sargent Bush in his The Correspondence of John Cotton, "were clearly being challenged as he considered what was an appropriate response for him as a minister of God on the one hand and an employee of the family on the other. So he looked to his mentor for advice."

In Cotton's responses, one senses the subtle nuances required of some Puritan thinkers, as well as the collegial nature of the early Puritan ministerial cadre. Cotton gave Levett advice on how to pray for his patroness without appearing to flatter her, and he warned Levett against 'carding' and drawing names at Valentine's as they were 'lotteries.' Cotton had no problem with dancing, except "lasciuious dauncinge to wanton dittyes & in amorous gestures & wanton dalliances especially after great feasts."

In 1632, five years after Levett's letter to Cotton, Lincolnshire records show the marriage of "Mr. Ralfe Levit and Anne Hutchinson" in Bilsby, the parish of Rev. John Wheelwright and not far from Ashby cum Fenby. Anne Hutchinson was the daughter of Edward Hutchinson of Alford, and the sister of Mary Hutchinson, Wheelwright's second wife. Mary Hutchinson, John Wheelwright's wife, was the sister-in-law of her brother William Hutchinson's wife, another Anne Hutchinson, who later became prominent in the Massachusetts Antinomian controversy.

Grainsby

Unlike his Puritan friends, Levett elected to remain in England. He left his post as domestic chaplain to the Wray family for the post of rector in a manor owned by his Wray patrons. In 1633 he began signing the transcripts at the church at Grainsby as 'Radulphus Levet, rector.' On 3 April 1635, when the previous rector Thomas Humphrey was buried, 'Ralph Levitt, M.A.' was presented to the rectory of the tiny village of Grainsby by Frances, widow of Sir William Wray. Perhaps the Wray family's endorsement provided Levett some measure of protection, or his brother's position as Chancellor and Commissary to the Archbishop of York helped shield him from persecution.

Levett apparently held the living of  Grainsby until at least 1649, when he signed the transcripts as 'R. Levet, rector.' His son Francis graduated at Queens' College, Cambridge, also became a minister, and was rector of Little Carlton, Lincolnshire, from 1662 until 1711. (When the emigrant Rev. John Wheelwright finally disposed of the last of his Lincolnshire property in 1677, Massachusetts records attest that it was "purchased of Francis Levett, gentleman," likely the son of his old friend Ralph Levett).

Family
Ralph Levett's two brothers were both prominent Oxford-educated lawyers. His brother Thomas Levett served as High Sheriff of Rutland, and his brother John Levett was a well-known figure in York legal circles, frequently representing the Archbishop of York. The two improvident brothers apparently dissipated what was a large estate of properties scattered across Yorkshire. Thomas Levett was well known as an antiquarian, and his disposal of monastic charters descended in the Levett family to Roger Dodsworth for publication was an important event in Yorkshire historical circles. Another brother, Peter Levett, also graduated from Christ's College, Cambridge, and became parish priest at Cantley, South Yorkshire, and Boynton, East Riding of Yorkshire, successively.

References

Sargent Bush, ed. (2001) The Correspondence of John Cotton. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press for the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Virginia ,

Further reading
Perry Miller & Thomas H. Johnson, eds. (2001) The Puritans: a Sourcebook of Their Writings. Courier Dover Publications ,

1600 births
17th-century deaths
Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge
Clergy from Yorkshire
People from the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster
17th-century English Anglican priests
English Caroline nonconforming clergy


Cliodynamics () is a transdisciplinary area of research that integrates cultural evolution, economic history/cliometrics, macrosociology, the mathematical modeling of historical processes during the longue durée, and the construction and analysis of historical databases.

Cliodynamics treats history as science. Its practitioners develop theories that explain such dynamical processes as the rise and fall of empires, population booms and busts, and the spread and disappearance of religions. These theories are translated into mathematical models. Finally, model predictions are tested against data. Thus, building and analyzing massive databases of historical and archaeological information is one of the most important goals of cliodynamics.

Etymology
The word cliodynamics is composed of clio- and -dynamics. In Greek mythology, Clio is the muse of history. Dynamics, most broadly, is the study of how and why phenomena change with time.

The term was originally coined by Peter Turchin in 2003, and can be traced to the work of such figures as Ibn Khaldun, Alexandre Deulofeu, Jack Goldstone, Sergey Kapitsa, Randall Collins, John Komlos, and Andrey Korotayev.

Mathematical modeling of historical dynamics
Many historical processes are dynamic, in that they change with time: populations increase and decline, economies expand and contract, states grow and collapse, and so on. As such, practitioners of cliodynamics apply mathematical models to explain macrohistorical patterns—things like the rise of empires, social discontent, civil wars, and state collapse.

Cliodynamics is the application of a dynamical systems approach to the social sciences in general and to the study of historical dynamics in particular. More broadly, this approach is quite common and has proved its worth in innumerable applications (particularly in the natural sciences).

The dynamical systems approach is so called because the whole phenomenon is represented as a system consisting of several elements (or subsystems) that interact and change dynamically (i.e., over time). More simply, it consists of taking a holistic phenomenon and splitting it up into separate parts that are assumed to interact with each other. In the dynamical systems approach, one sets out explicitly with mathematical formulae how different subsystems interact with each other. This mathematical description is the model of the system, and one can use a variety of methods to study the dynamics predicted by the model, as well as attempt to test the model by comparing its predictions with observed empirical, dynamic evidence.

Although the focus is usually on the dynamics of large conglomerates of people, the approach of cliodynamics does not preclude the inclusion of human agency in its explanatory theories. Such questions can be explored with agent-based computer simulations.

Databases and data sources
Cliodynamics relies on large bodies of evidence to test competing theories on a wide range of historical processes. This typically involves building massive stores of evidence. The rise of digital history and various research technologies have allowed huge databases to be constructed in recent years.

Some prominent databases utilized by cliodynamics practitioners include:
 The Seshat: Global History Databank, which systematically collects state-of-the-art accounts of the political and social organization of human groups and how societies have evolved through time into an authoritative databank. Seshat is affiliated also with the Evolution Institute, a non-profit think-tank that "uses evolutionary science to solve real-world problems."
 D-PLACE (Database of Places, Languages, Culture and Environment), which provides data on over 1,400 human social formations.
 The Atlas of Cultural Evolution, an archaeological database created by Peter N. Peregrine.
 CHIA (Collaborative for Historical Information and Analysis), a multidisciplinary collaborative endeavor hosted by the University of Pittsburgh with the goal of archiving historical information and linking data as well as academic/research institutions around the globe.
 International Institute of Social History, which collects data on the global social history of labour relations, workers, and labour.
Human Relations Area Files (eHRAF)
 Archaeology
 World Cultures
 Clio-Infra, a database of measures of economic performance and other aspects of societal well-being on a global sample of societies from 1800 CE to the present.
 The Google Ngram Viewer, an online search engine that charts frequencies of sets of comma-delimited search strings using a yearly count of n-grams as found in the largest online body of human knowledge, the Google Books corpus.

Research

Areas of study
As of 2016, the main directions of academic study in cliodynamics are:
 The coevolutionary model of social complexity and warfare, based on the theoretical framework of cultural multilevel selection
 The study of revolutions and rebellions
 Structural-demographic theory and secular cycles
 Explanations of the global distribution of languages benefitted from the empirical finding that the geographic area in which a language is spoken is more closely associated with the political complexity of the speakers than with all other variables under analysis.
 Mathematical modeling of the long-term ("millennial") trends of world-systems analysis,
 Structural-demographic models of the Modern Age revolutions, including the Arab revolutions of 2011.
 The analysis of vast quantities of historical newspaper content, which shows how periodic structures can be automatically discovered in historical newspapers. A similar analysis was performed on social media, again revealing strongly periodic structures.

Organizations
There are several established venues of peer-reviewed cliodynamics research:
 Cliodynamics: The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution is a peer-reviewed web-based (open-access) journal that publishes on the transdisciplinary area of cliodynamics. It seeks to integrate historical models with data to facilitate theoretical progress. The first issue was published in December 2010. Cliodynamics is a member of Scopus and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).
 The University of Hertfordshire's Cliodynamics Lab is the first lab in the world dedicated explicitly to the new research area of cliodynamics. It is directed by Pieter François, who founded the Lab in 2015.
 The Santa Fe Institute is a private, not-for-profit research and education center where leading scientists grapple with compelling and complex problems. The institute supports work in complex modeling of networks and dynamical systems. One of the areas of SFI research is cliodynamics. In the past the institute has sponsored a series of conversations and meetings on theoretical history.

Criticism
Critics of cliodynamics often argue that the complex social formations of the past cannot and should not be reduced to quantifiable, analyzable 'data points', for doing so overlooks each historical society's particular circumstances and dynamics. Many historians and social scientists contend that there are no generalisable causal factors that can explain large numbers of cases, but that historical investigation should focus on the unique trajectories of each case, highlighting commonalities in outcomes where they exist. As Zhao notes, "most historians believe that the importance of any mechanism in history changes, and more importantly, that there is no time-invariant structure that can organise all historical mechanisms into a system."

Fiction
Isaac Asimov invented the fictional precursor to this discipline, in what he called psychohistory, as a major plot device in his Foundation series of science fiction novels.

See also
 Critical juncture theory
 Generations (book)
 Historical geographic information system
 Sociocultural evolution
 Historical dynamics

References

Bibliography

 Finley, Klint. 2013. "Mathematicians Predict The Future With Data from the Past." Wired.

  (segment starts at 47:18)

 Komlos J., Nefedov S. 2002. Compact Macromodel of Pre-Industrial Population Growth. Historical Methods. (35): 92–94.

  (Excerpts) (Publisher's page)

 Korotayev A. et al., A Trap At The Escape From The Trap? Demographic-Structural Factors of Political Instability in Modern Africa and West Asia. Cliodynamics 2/2 (2011): 1-28.

 Tsirel, S. V. 2004. On the Possible Reasons for the Hyperexponential Growth of the Earth Population. Mathematical Modeling of Social and Economic Dynamics / Ed. by M. G. Dmitriev and A. P. Petrov, pp. 367–9. Moscow: Russian State Social University, 2004.

 Turchin P. 2006. Population Dynamics and Internal Warfare: A Reconsideration. Social Evolution & History 5(2): 112–147 (with Andrey Korotayev).
  (on Google Books)

Further reading

External links

Cliodynamics: The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution
Seshat: Global History Databank
Peter Turchin's Cliodynamics Page
 Historical Dynamics in a time of Crisis: Late Byzantium, 1204-1453 (a discussion of some concepts of cliodynamics from the point of view of medieval studies)
 "Nature" article (August 2012): Human cycles: History as science
Evolution Institute

Cyclical theories
Dynamical systems
Econometric modeling
Economic history studies
Social history


A subdivision of the Division of the Missouri, the Department of Dakota was established by the United States Army on August 11, 1866, to encompass all military activities and forts within Minnesota, Dakota Territory and Montana Territory. The Department of Dakota was initially headquartered at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, and then moved to Saint Paul in March 1867. The 18th Infantry Regiment (United States) would serve in Dakota several times. From 1869-1877 the 20th Infantry Regiment (United States) was posted to the Department. In 1879 the Department returned to the Fort until 1886 at which time it moved back to downtown Saint Paul. The department was discontinued in 1911.

Commanders
Brevet Major General Alfred H. Terry, (Sept. 18, 1866-May 17, 1869)
Major General Winfield S. Hancock, (May 17, 1869-Jan. 2, 1873)
Brigadier General Alfred H. Terry, (Jan. 2, 1873–1886)
Major General Thomas Howard Ruger, (1886–1891)
Brigadier General James F. Wade, (1899-1901)
Brigadier General Winfield Scott Edgerly, (1908)
Brigadier General Charles L. Hodges, (1909–1910)

Department of Dakota Forts

Minnesota
Fort Ridgely (1853–67)
Fort Ripley (1849–77)
Fort Snelling (1819–1994)

Dakota Territory

Montana
Fort Assinniboine (1879–1911)
Fort Benton (1869–81)
Camp Cooke (1866–70)
Fort Custer (1877–98)
Fort Ellis (1867–86)
Fort Keogh (1876–1924)
Camp Lewis (1874)
Fort Logan (1869–80)
Fort Maginnis (1880–90)
Camp Merritt (1890)
Fort Missoula (1877–1918, 1921–1947)
Camp Poplar River (1880–93)
Camp Porter (1880–81)
Fort Shaw (1867–91)

North Dakota
Fort Abercrombie (1858–77)
Fort Abraham Lincoln (1872–91)
Cantonment Badlands (1879–83)
Fort Berthold (1864–67)
Fort Buford (1866–95)
Camp Hancock (1872–77)
Fort Pembina (1870–95)
Fort Ransom (1867–72)
Fort Rice (1864–78)
Fort Seward (1872–77)
Fort Stevenson (1867–83)
Fort Totten (1867–90)
Fort Yates (1874–1903)

South Dakota
Fort Bennett (1870–91)
Fort Dakota (1865–69)
Post at Grand River Agency (1870–75)
Fort Hale (1870–84)
Fort Meade (1878-   )
Fort Randall (1856–1892)
Fort Sisseton (1876–89)
Fort Sully (1863–66)
Fort Thompson (1864–71)
Fort Wadsworth 1864-76
Post at Whetstone Agency 1870-72

Wyoming
(Wyoming Territory became attached to the Department of the Platte on July 25, 1868)
 Fort Bridger 1858-1878, 1880–1890
 Fort Caspar 1855-1867
 Fort Fetterman 1867-1882
 Fort Halleck 1862-1866
 Fort LaClede 1863-1869
 Fort Laramie or Fort John 1849-1890
 Fort McKinney 1876-1894
 Fort Phil Kearny 1866-1868
 Fort Rawlins 1868-?
 Fort Reno 1865-1868
 Fort Robinson 1874-1948
 Fort David A. Russell 1867-1948
 Fort Sanders 1866-1882
 Fort Fred Steele 1868-1886
 Fort Washakie 1878-1913
 Fort Yellowstone 1886-1918

Bibliography
Raphael P. Thian, Notes Illustrating the Military Geography of the United States, 1813-1880 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1881; reprinted Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1979).
Francis Paul Prucha, A Guide to the Military Posts of the United States, 1789-1895 (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1964).

Dakota
1866 establishments in the United States


is a railway station on the Hōhi Main Line in Aso, Kumamoto, Japan, operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu).

Lines
Aso Station is served by the  Hōhi Main Line, which runs between  and  and is located 49.9 km from the starting point of the line at .

Layout
The station consists of two side platforms serving two tracks at grade. The station building is a wooden structure of traditional Japanese design and houses a staffed ticket window, a waiting area, a shop and a restaurant.

Management of the station has been outsourced to the JR Kyushu Tetsudou Eigyou Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of JR Kyushu specialising in station services. It staffs the ticket window which is equipped with a POS machine but does not have a Midori no Madoguchi facility.

Adjacent stations

History
On 21 June 1914, Japanese Government Railways (JGR) opened the  (later the Miyagi Line) from  eastwards to . The line was extended eastward in phases and Miyaji was established as the eastern terminal on 25 January 1918. On the same day, Aso was opened as an intermediate station on the new track with the name . On 2 December 1928, Miyaji was linked up with , the western terminus of the , which had been extended westwards in phases from  since 1914. Through-traffic was established between Kumamoto and Ōita. The two lines were merged and the entire stretch redesignated as the Hōhi Main Line. Bōchū was renamed Aso Station on 20 March 1961. With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR Kyushu.

Because of track damage from the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes, service between  to  was suspended from April 2016. Service between Aso and Bungo-Ogi was restored by 9 July 2016. The sector between Higo-Ōzu and Aso remained closed. JR Kyushu commenced the repair work, starting first with the track from Higo-Ōzu to Tateno.
On 8 August 2020, JR Kyushu reopened the Higo-Ōzu to Aso section of the line, permitting access between Aso and Kumamoto.

On 17 September 2017, Typhoon Talim (Typhoon 18) damaged the Hōhi Main Line at several locations. Services between Aso and Nakahanda were suspended and replaced by bus services. Rail service from Aso to Miemachi was restored by 22 September 2017 Normal rail services between Aso and Ōita were restored by 2 October 2017.

Surrounding area
 Sankō Bus Terminal
 Mount Aso: A 40-minute ride by bus
 Uchinomaki Onsen
 National Route 57
 National Route 212
 Aso Villa Park Hotel
 Michi no eki Aso

See also
List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links
Aso (JR Kyushu)

Railway stations in Kumamoto Prefecture
Stations of Kyushu Railway Company
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1918


Voids in Mineral Aggregate or VMA is the intergranular space occupied by asphalt and air in a compacted asphalt mixture. In a component diagram, it is the sum of the volume of air and the volume of effective asphalt. The volume of absorbed asphalt is not considered to be a part of VMA because it is part of the pore structure of the mineral aggregate.

VMA= Veffective asphalt + Vair voids

References
 Asphalt Mixture Volumetrics.

Asphalt


The Taniwharau Rugby League Club is a rugby league club from Huntly, New Zealand. They compete in the Waikato Rugby League and WaiCoa club competitions. The club plays in a green and gold strip and are based at Waahi Pa Huntly.

History
Taniwharau, founded in 1944 by Tonga Mahuta, is the most successful club in Huntly, a town which once boasted four rugby league clubs, the Rangiriri Eels, Huntly South, Huntly United and Taniwharau.

The club won 11 straight Waikato premierships during the 1970-80's. Taniwharau also won the inaugural Waicoa Bay championship in 2002 and again in 2007 a year in which they went through the season unbeaten; a feat that has never been achieved before at the Waikato Rugby League Premier Level. Taniwharau were able to win the reformed Waikato Rugby League title in 2008 and 2009.

Notable past & present players

Lance Hohaia (New Zealand International)
Wairangi Koopu (New Zealand international)
Herewini Rangi (New Zealand Warriors player)
Andy Berryman (New Zealand international)
Steve Berryman (Cook Islands international)
Don Parkinson (New Zealand international)
Rick Muru (New Zealand international)
Austin Dias (Wests Tigers Player)

References

External links
 Taniwharau at Waahi Pa

Rugby league teams in New Zealand
Rugby league in the Waikato
Māori sport
Huntly, New Zealand


My Favorite Waste of Time is singer-songwriter Freedy Johnston's 2007 release.  It consists of cover versions of songs by other artists.

Track listing

"You're My Favorite Waste of Time" by Marshall Crenshaw
"I Want You Bad" by NRBQ (Adams, Crandon)
"Do You Know the Way to San José" (Burt Bacharach, Hal David), made popular by Dionne Warwick
"The Sad Cafe" by the Eagles (Frey, Henley, Souther, Walsh)
"I've Been Waiting" by Matthew Sweet
"Listen to What the Man Said" by Wings (Paul McCartney)
"Let 'Em In" by Paul McCartney & Wings (Paul McCartney, Linda McCartney)
"Shadow of a Doubt (A Complex Kid)" by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers (Tom Petty)
"Bus Stop" by the Hollies (Graham Gouldman)
"Night and Day" by Cole Porter

2007 albums
Freedy Johnston albums
Bar/None Records albums


Ahuva Gray (née Delores Gray) is a writer on religion and memoirist. She is a former Baptist minister who converted to Judaism and chronicled her changing beliefs in the book My Sister, the Jew, published in 2001.

Biography
Gray is African-American and was born to a Baptist working-class family in the Lawndale neighborhood of Chicago. She is a relative of baseball player Lorenzo Gray.

Gray worked for 23 years as a flight attendant, living in Los Angeles. She became a Baptist minister.  She began to doubt Christianity when she found what she believed were discrepancies in the New Testament. Her discovery prompted a process of searching for a renewed faith. Eventually she found and studied Judaism; Gray believed that the Torah made the most sense. In 1996, she gave up her position as a Christian minister and completed conversion to become an Orthodox Jew. She took the name of Ahuva.

She has written a book about this journey, entitled My Sister, the Jew (2001).

Since the late 20th century, Gray has lived in Bayit VeGan, Jerusalem.

References

Bibliography
My Sister the Jew Philipp Feldheim Inc, (2001)

External links
 Ahuvah Gray
 Gifts of a Convert
 From Baptist to Beshert
 From Mississippi to Mount Sinai

American Orthodox Jews
Converts to Judaism from Baptist denominations
Converts to Orthodox Judaism
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American emigrants to Israel
Israeli people of African-American descent
African-American Jews
African-American former Christians
Jewish women writers
Flight attendants
American women writers
African-American women writers
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women


Danyeri (formerly, Yenikənd) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaijan. It is located in the near of the Nakhchivan-Sadarak highway, 15 km in the south-east from the district center, on the plain. Its population is busy with farming and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, 3 clubs, library, kindergarten and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 2,874.

Etymology and History
It was built for the workers during the construction of the Water Reservoir of Arpaçay on the Arpachay River. Since 1975, this settlement was named as Yenikənd (new village). Since 2003, the name of the village is officially registered as Danyeri.

References

Populated places in Sharur District


Sierra Leone assumed its present large geographical size only in 1896. Prior to that, it was only a small colony encompassing roughly the 30-km-long peninsula on which Freetown is located. Initially, the British and Creoles (freed African American and Afro-Caribbean slaves and their descendants) of the Freetown colony had only a very limited involvement in the affairs of the African kingdoms around them; such as it was, it consisted mostly of trading and missionary activity. Over the course of the 19th century this involvement gradually increased. The colonial government was, in particular, interested in fostering trade as this provided it with its main source of revenue, in the form of customs duties and other taxes. This inevitably drew it into engagement with the African kingdoms, mainly by making treaties with the kingdoms or sending military expeditions against them.

The treaties usually committed an African chief to protect merchants and maintain peaceful relations with his neighbours so that trade would not be disturbed; in return, the British would pay him a gift or annual stipend. The military expeditions were against chiefs who acted detrimentally to the colony's business interests by evicting traders, restricting trade, or warring with neighbours. After the Slave Trade Act 1807 abolishing slavery, the government also began pressing the chiefs, by treaty or force, to refrain from the slave trade. Since the wars between the chiefdoms were mostly slave-procuring wars, or otherwise intimately connected with the slave trade, suppression of the slave trade and promotion of "legitimate" trade in other products were both key to reducing wars between chief.

In addition to commercial and anti-slave-trade motives for the British incursions into the Sierra Leone hinterland, military officers posted to Sierra Leone needed battle victories to enhance their reputations; and British felt culturally superiority and assumed that Europeanising natives was a proper and upright activity.

List of interventions
This article lists some of the interventions into the Sierra Leone hinterland in the 19th century.

Protectorate
In August 1896, the British declared the entire hinterland area a "Protectorate" and placed it under their administration. In 1898, the Sierra Leone chiefs sought to free themselves of British control in a rebellion called the Hut Tax war.  It was the last large armed confrontation between British and Africans in Sierra Leone. The Africans' defeat ushered in the country's modern colonial period, which lasted until political independence in 1961.

Sources
Arthur Abraham, Mende Government and Politics Under Colonial Rule. Freetown, 1978.

Christopher Fyfe, History of Sierra Leone. London, 1962. (Oxford University Press)

Kenneth Little, The Mende of Sierra Leone. London, 1967. (First ed. was 1951.)

Notes

19th century in Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone Creole history
British West Africa
Sierra Leone–United Kingdom relations
19th century in the British Empire
19th century in Africa
Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate
Wars involving Sierra Leone


Məmmədsabir (also, Mammadsabir) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. Its population is busy with beet-growing and vegetable-growing. There are secondary school, club, library and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 967.

Etymology
In the sources, in the 2nd half of the 19th century, the village name has been mentioned as a settlement which consist of 21 houses. The name of the village is related with the person name of the Məmmədsabir.

References

Populated places in Sharur District


James Houghton Page OBE TD (14 January 1900 – 16 December 1977) was a British rower who was secretary of the Amateur Rowing Association from 1952 to 1972.

Life
Page was born on 14 January 1900 in Lambeth, London. He went to school at Dulwich College, where he was captain of shooting, before attending Jesus College, Oxford, where he was captain of the boat club.   He was a master at St Paul's School from 1926 to 1963, where he was a rowing coach.  He maintained links with Oxford, successfully coaching Oriel College from their position in 21st place in 1928 to become Head of the River between 1933 and 1936. He also coached Oxford and Cambridge Boat Clubs at various times.  He was captain of Thames Rowing Club in 1934 and in 1947–48.  In 1952, he became honorary secretary of the Amateur Rowing Association (secretary from 1963 onwards), retiring in 1972.  He was elected as Master of the Broderers' Company in 1960, a steward of the Henley Royal Regatta in 1962, and Master of the Fletchers' Company in 1971.

Page also served in the Armed Forces and the police.  He was commissioned in the Royal Field Artillery in 1918 and joined the Territorial Army whilst at Oxford. During the Second World War, Page commanded the 52nd Anti-Tank Regiment from 1939 onwards, before transferring to the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve.  He served in India as a pilot officer, serving until 1947 when he retired with the rank of wing commander.  He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire on retirement.  He also received the Territorial Decoration for his services.  He became a special constable with the City of London Police in 1933, rising to the rank of superintendent in 1963. He died on 16 December 1977.

References

1900 births
1977 deaths
People educated at Dulwich College
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
English male rowers
Schoolteachers from London
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Royal Field Artillery officers
Stewards of Henley Royal Regatta
British special constables
Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve personnel of World War II
Royal Air Force wing commanders
British Army personnel of World War I
British Army personnel of World War II


Aşağı Aralıq (also, Ashaghy Aralyg and Ashagi Aralik; until 1935, Aralıq Başkənd) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaijan. It is located 5 km in the south-east from the district center, on the right bank of the Arpachay River, in the near of the international railway of Azerbaijan Republic. Its population is busy with gardening, vegetable-growing and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, club and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 953. The villages of district and the city of Nakhchivan are being provided with drinking water from the quality drinking water source of its territory.

Etymology
The settlement was found by families which was moved out from the former Aralıq Başkənd village (present Yuxarı (Upper) Aralıq) and named as the Aşağı (Lower) Aralıq Başkənd (Lower Aralyg Bashkend). Later, the Bashkend component of the toponym has been abbreviated and officially has been registered at the present form. Aralıq means "middle, the center ". In the Turkic languages, the word of başkənd (bashkend) also are using in meaning as "center", "main city", "capital". The name of the village means "the Aralıq village which is located in the lower side".

Notable natives

 Vasif Talibov — Chairman of Ali Majlis of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (since 1993).

References

Populated places in Sharur District


Oğuzkənd (also, Oghuzkand and Oguz-kend; until 2003, Sovxoz) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located 16 km away from the district center. Its population is busy with foddering and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, club and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 722.

Etymology
Its former name was Sovxoz (Sovkhoz). The name of Sovxoz was established during the Soviet period. Sovkhoz is a shortened version of the phrase of "Soviet farm". The name of the Oguzkənd village is related with the name of the Oghuz Turks and means "the village of Oghuzs".

References

Populated places in Sharur District


Muğancıq Mehrab (also Mughanjyg Mehrab) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located in the near of the Nakhchivan-Sadarak highway, 1.5 km away from the district center, on the plain. Its population is busy with beet-growing, vegetable-growing and farming. There is a secondary school, a library, a club and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 623.

Etymology
Place of residence was formed as a result of the settling the families belonging to the Iranian Mugh مغ (Magi) priestly tribe under the leadership of the person named Mehrab مهراب. The mughanjyg means "small Magi, a small portion of Magi".

References

Populated places in Sharur District


The Wild Strawberries Movement () is a protest movement in Taiwan begun on 6 November 2008 after the visit of the People's Republic of China's ARATS chairman Chen Yunlin to the island. Police actions on protests aimed at Chen suppressed the display of Republic of China national flag and the playing of Taiwanese songs. This prompted a group of 400 students in Taipei, Taiwan to begin a sit-in in front of the Executive Yuan in protest of Taiwan's .

Background
The name chosen by the students for their initiative, "Wild Strawberry", makes a pair of references. The word wild recalls the Wild Lily student movement of 1990, which led to vast political reforms and Taiwan's first general democratic elections. The word strawberry makes ironic use of the term "strawberry generation", a description of Taiwan's youth employed pejoratively by their elders to portray the newest generation as "soft", lacking strength of character and political convictions.

Demonstrations

Sit-ins began with students in Taipei in front of the Executive Yuan. On 7 November 2008, police began removing protesters from the scene and taking them to separate locations around the city. Having made a regrouping plan earlier, the students reconvened at Liberty Square in front of the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall.

Following the lead of the students in Taipei, six other sit-in protests sprang up around Taiwan:
 Kaohsiung, November 7
 Tainan, November 7
 Taichung, November 9
 Changhua, November 9
 Hsinchu, November 10
 Chiayi, November 12

Student demands and government responses
The student-led sit-in protests were conducted in response to incidents of police violence and abuse of power during the visit of Chen Yunlin to Taiwan. The original protesters in Taipei issued a statement with the following demands:

A public apology by President Ma Ying-jeou and Premier Liu Chao-shiuan for police misconduct.
The immediate resignations of National Police Agency Director-General  and National Security Bureau Director-General ().
An immediate review and amendment of the Assembly and Parade Law to ensure the right of peaceful assembly and expression.

Government responses to the Wild Strawberry petition included these actions:

On 11 November 2008, Premier Liu made a statement to the Liberty Times as saying, "I will not apologize. With this kind of thing, you just wait one or two days and it will pass."
President Ma Ying-jeou addressed the students on 13 November 2008, saying that, while he believed there was room for improvement in Wang Cho-chiun and Tsai Chao-ming's handling of public assembly issues, he saw no reason for them to step down.
On 11 December 2008, Wild Strawberry and Tibetan demonstrators at Liberty Square were forced by police to leave the site for failure to comply with the existing Assembly and Parade Law.
On 24 December 2008, an amended version of the Assembly and Parade Act passed its initial review at the legislature's Internal Administration Committee.

The amended version of the law remained controversial at the time of drafting in May 2009. Proposed changes fell short of student demands for a law in Taiwan that resembles assembly laws in European Union nations and the United States that give priority to constitutional guarantees of rights to peaceful assembly and free speech. While the proposed amendments would make the new law generally more permissive than one crafted during the martial law period, proposals continued to give state police substantial powers of veto over the content and location of citizen rallies.

WildBerry House
On 4 January 2009, the movement stopped sit-ins. A headquarters called "WildBerry House" () was established in Taipei for the movement. This location subsequently closed as of 30 June 2009.

See also
 Sunflower Student Movement
 Wild Lily student movement
 Taiwanization
 Dang Guo
 Human rights in Taiwan
 Blue Sky with White Sun

References

External links
 Action 1106, official homepage for the Wild Strawberry student movement
 1106反集會遊行法和平靜坐(野草莓), Wild Strawberry student movement information page
 Taiwanstudentmovement, English information page
 Amnesty International Report

Student protests in Taiwan
2008 in Taiwan
Taiwan under Republic of China rule
2000s in Taipei
Taiwanese democracy movements


Xətai (also, Khatai and Khetai) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located 14 km away from the district center, on the plain. Its population is busy with farming and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, library and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 376.

Etymology
In the 1930s, the settlement was established near the residence of sovkhoz (soviet farm) and named as Sovxoz (Sovkhoz) in the name of the 10th anniversary of Nakhchivan ASSR. In 1991, it was named as Xətai (Khatai) in honor of the greatest Azerbaijani poet and statesman, Shah Ismail Khatai. It is a memorial toponym.

References

Populated places in Sharur District


Yeni Havuş (also, Yeni Havush, New Havush and Havush) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan.  It is located 15 km away from the district center, on the plain. Its population is busy with farming and animal husbandry. It has a population of 196. There are secondary school, library and club in the village. The village was founded by the refugees from the Havuş (Havush) village. (For the etymology and history see the Havuş.)

References

Populated places in Sharur District


The Lee–Kesler method

allows the estimation of the saturated vapor pressure at a given temperature for all components for which the critical pressure Pc, the critical temperature Tc, and the acentric factor ω are known.

Equations

with

 (reduced pressure) and  (reduced temperature).

Typical errors
The prediction error can be up to 10% for polar components and small pressures and the calculated pressure is typically too low. For pressures above 1 bar, that means, above the normal boiling point, the typical errors are below 2%.

Example calculation
For benzene with
 Tc = 562.12 K
 Pc = 4898 kPa
 Tb = 353.15 K
 ω = 0.2120

the following calculation for T=Tb results:

 Tr = 353.15 / 562.12 = 0.628247
 f(0) = -3.167428
 f(1) = -3.429560
 Pr = exp( f(0) + ω f(1) ) = 0.020354
 P = Pr * Pc = 99.69 kPa

The correct result would be P = 101.325 kPa, the normal (atmospheric) pressure. The deviation is -1.63 kPa or -1.61 %.

It is important to use the same absolute units for T and Tc as well as for P and Pc. The unit system used (K or R for T) is irrelevant because of the usage of the reduced values Tr and Pr.

See also
Vapour pressure of water
Antoine equation
Tetens equation
Arden Buck equation
Goff–Gratch equation

References

Thermodynamic models


Edith, Lady Queenborough (formerly Edith Starr Miller) (July 16, 1887 – January 16, 1933) was an American-born British socialite, author, conspiracy theorist, and anti-Mormon agitator.

Early life

Edith was born in Newport, Rhode Island. She was the only child of William Starr Miller II (1856–1935) and Edith Caroline (née Warren) Miller. (1866–1944). Her father, a Harvard and Columbia Law School graduate, was a wealthy industrialist and real estate operator in New York City.

His paternal grandparents were Sarah Caroline Tucker (née Chace) Miller and George Norton Miller (brother of her father's namesake, U.S. Representative William S. Miller). Her maternal grandparents were George Henry Warren (one of the founders of the Metropolitan Opera) and Mary Caroline (née Phoenix) Warren (a daughter of U.S. Representative Jonas P. Phoenix and granddaughter of Stephen Whitney, one of the wealthiest merchants in New York City). Among her extended family were uncles Whitney Warren and Lloyd Warren, prominent architects, and cousins Robert Walton Goelet (a financier and real estate developer) and Constance Whitney Warren (a sculptor who married Count Guy de Lasteyrie).

Occult Theocrasy
Edith and her husband were allegedly pro-Fascist, and Edith in particular was friendly with Brigadier-General Robert Byron Drury Blakeney. Blakeney was the second president of the British Fascisti from 1924 to 1926, and was later active in the Imperial Fascist League, The Britons, the British Union of Fascists, and the Nordic League.

Edith and her close friend L. Fry (Paquita de Shishmareff) (1882–1970) spent about 10 years (1922–1931) researching many of the most important secret societies existing at that time in Europe and in the Middle East. They detailed their findings in Occult Theocrasy (2 vols.) (Chatou, France: British American Press, 1931-1933), a work whose publication was completed shortly after Edith's death. "Occult Theocrasy" is now widely regarded as a "conspiracy classic." The work summarizes what was known at that time about the organizations and secret societies which collectively form what is now referred to, variously, as the Cabal, the Illuminati, the One World Government, the Secret World Government, or the New World Order. As a whole, Occult Theocrasy was more comprehensive and up-to-date in its subject-matter than any other similar work available in the English language at that time. The work contains overt antisemitic elements and attributes much of world history to a conspiracy of Jews. It gives credence to the infamous Protocols of the Elders of Zion, and has two chapters that express praise for the mission of the Ku Klux Klan. Most of the source information for Occult Theocrasy is listed in the book's bibliography. The work also features a brief occult glossary, and a detailed index.

Personal life

On July 19, 1921, Edith became the second wife of Almeric Hugh Paget, 1st Baron Queenborough, a British industrialist and former Conservative MP. Lord Queenborough, a son of Lord Alfred Paget (himself the fifth son of Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey), was widowed from first wife, the former Pauline Payne Whitney (a daughter of fellow Americans William C. Whitney and Flora Payne Whitney), who died in 1916. After Pauline's death, Paget resigned from the House of Commons and was elevated to the peerage as Baron Queenborough. Edith's marriage to Lord Queenborough took place at the New York townhouse of Edith's parents, which was located at 1048 Fifth Avenue on the corner of 86th Street in Manhattan. Lord Queenborough was in New York visiting his late wife's brothers, Harry Payne Whitney and Payne Whitney and attending the Harding inauguration. After their marriage, the Pagets lived at Camfield Place, near Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England. The interiors of the house were designed by Edith herself. Together, the Pagets had three daughters:

 Hon. Audrey Elizabeth Paget (1922–1990), who became an aviatrix who married four times: Christian Martell DFC, Anthony Ronan Nelson (son of Thomas Arthur Nelson), Claud Peter Harcourt Lucy (son of Claud Arthur Lucy), and Sir Thomas Musker.
 Hon. Enid Louise Paget (b. 1923), who married Capt. Count Roland de la Poype, in 1947. They later divorced.
 Hon. Cicilie Carol Paget (1928–2013), who married Capt. Robert Victor John Evans, son of Brigadier John Meredyth Jones Evans and actress Camille Clifford, in 1949.

The Pagets later separated, and Edith sued for legal separation in New York City on January 8, 1932, citing cruelty and abandonment of her and their three children.

Edith died a year later in a hospital in Paris after a surgery on January 16, 1933, at the age of forty-five. Lord Queenborough died in 1949, at which point the barony became extinct.

Descendants
Through her daughter Audrey, she was posthumously a grandmother of Thomas Lorne Nelson (b. 1947), Audrey Caroline Nelson (b. 1949), and Elizabeth Christian Nelson (b. 1950). In 1979, Thomas married Georgina Astor, daughter of Michael Astor (the fourth son of Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount Astor and Nancy Astor), after her divorce from Hon. Anthony Ramsay, a son of the 16th Earl of Dalhousie. In 1978, garden designer Audrey married Max Wyndham, 2nd Baron Egremont and they reside at Petworth House in Sussex.

Through her daughter Enid, she was also posthumously a grandmother of Charles Henri de la Poype (b. 1949) and Isabelle Victoria de la Poype (b. 1951).

Through her daughter Cicilie, she was also posthumously a grandmother of Eton graduate John Almeric Evans (b. 1950), Camilla Carol Evans (1952–1963), Michael Hugh Evans (b. 1956), and Patricia Antoinetta Evans (b. 1959).

Publications
Common Sense in the Kitchen: Normal Rations in Normal Times. New York: Brentano's (1918).
 Occult Theocracy (2 vols.) (1933). Published posthumously.

References

External links
 Edith Starr Miller biography anti-masonry.info

1887 births
1933 deaths
American socialites
American fascists
Edith
Anti-Masonry
Illuminati conspiracy theorists
Critics of Mormonism
American conspiracy theorists
People from Newport, Rhode Island
Wives of knights


Samuel Edward Reid (November 14, 1854 – March 8, 1924) was a farmer, manufacturer and political figure in Prince Edward Island, Canada. He represented 4th Prince in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1899 to 1908 as a Liberal member.

He was born St. Eleanor's, Prince County, Prince Edward Island, the son of James Reid, an Irish immigrant, and Charlotte Dawson. Reid was educated at St. Eleanor's and Summerside. He first worked as a bookkeeper for his brothers. Reid then formed the Tryon Woolen Manufacturing Company with one of his brothers. He also managed the Tryon Dairying Company. In 1881, he married Vina Lea. Reid was first elected to the provincial assembly in an 1899 by-election held after John Howatt Bell was elected to the House of Commons. He served as speaker for the assembly from 1901 to 1904. Reid served in the province's Executive Council as provincial secretary, provincial treasurer and Commissioner of Agriculture.

Reid died in Boston at the age of 79.

References
 MacKinnon, DA & Warburton, AB Past and Present of Prince Edward Island ... (1906) pp. 547–8

1854 births
1924 deaths
Prince Edward Island Liberal Party MLAs
Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island


The Battle of Más a Tierra was a World War I sea battle fought on 14 March 1915, near the Chilean island of Más a Tierra, between a British squadron and a German light cruiser. The battle saw the last remnant of the German East Asia Squadron destroyed, when  was cornered and scuttled in Cumberland Bay.

Background
After escaping from the Battle of the Falkland Islands,  and several auxiliaries retreated into the Pacific Ocean in an attempt to resume commerce raiding operations against Allied shipping. These operations did little to stop shipping in the area, but still proved troublesome to the British, who had to expend resources to counter the cruiser. On 8 March, his ship low on supplies and in need of repairs, the captain of Dresden decided to hide his vessel and attempt to coal in Cumberland Bay near the neutral island of Más a Tierra. By coaling in a neutral port rather than at sea, Captain Lüdecke gained the option of being able to intern the ship if she was discovered by enemy vessels.

British naval forces had been actively searching for the German cruiser and had intercepted coded wireless messages between German ships. Although they possessed copies of captured German code books, these also required a "key" which was changed from time to time. However, Charles Stewart, the signals officer, managed to decode a message from Dresden for a collier to meet her at Juan Fernandez on 9 March. A squadron made up of the cruisers  and  along with the auxiliary cruiser  found Dresden in the harbour because her sailors had joined a football match on the shore. The British ships cornered Dresden in neutral Chilean territorial waters in the bay on 14 March, challenging her to battle.

Battle

Glasgow opened fire on Dresden, damaging the vessel and setting her afire. After returning fire for a short period of time, the captain of Dresden decided the situation was hopeless as his vessel was vastly outgunned and outnumbered, while stranded in the bay with empty coal bunkers and worn out engines. Captain Lüdecke gave the order to abandon and scuttle his vessel. The German crew fled the cruiser in open boats to reach the safety of the island, which was neutral territory. The British cruisers kept up their fire on Dresden and the fleeing boats until the light cruiser eventually exploded, but it is unclear whether the explosion was caused by the firing from the British ships or from scuttling charges set off by the Germans. After the ship exploded, the British commander ordered his ships to capture any survivors from Dresden. Three Germans were killed in action and 15 wounded. The British suffered no casualties.

Aftermath
With the sinking of Dresden, the last remnant of the German East Asian Squadron was destroyed, as all the other ships of the squadron had been sunk or interned. The only German presence left in the Pacific Ocean was a few isolated commerce raiders, such as SMS Seeadler and Wolf. Because the island of Más a Tierra was a possession of Chile, a neutral country, the German Consulate in Chile protested that the British had broken international law by attacking an enemy combatant in neutral waters.

The wounded German sailors were taken to Valparaíso, Chile, for treatment, where one later died of wounds received during the action. The 315 of Dresdens crew who remained were interned by Chile until the end of the war, when those who did not wish to remain in Chile were repatriated to Germany.

One of the crew—Lieutenant Wilhelm Canaris, the future admiral and head of Abwehr—escaped internment in August 1915 and was able to return to Germany in October 1915, where he returned to active duty in the Imperial Navy.

References

Further reading

Naval battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom
Naval battles of World War I involving Germany
Conflicts in 1915
Naval battles of the Asian and Pacific Theatre (World War I)
1915 in Chile
Maritime incidents in Chile
March 1915 events


Cougar Softball Stadium, formerly known as Cougar Softball Field and Cougar Softball Complex, is the home field for the Houston Cougars softball team located on the campus of the University of Houston in Houston, Texas.  Following the majority of the Cougars' inaugural season in 2001, Cougar Softball Stadium was dedicated 5 May 2001.  The first game in the stadium was also played that day against the UAB Blazers.  While the stadium was playable, it was not fully completed until the next season.  The stadium hosted the 2008 Conference USA Softball Championship.

References

External links
UH athletics facility profile

Houston Cougars softball
Houston Cougars sports venues
College softball venues in the United States
Softball venues in Houston


The Self Winding Clock Company (SWCC) was a major manufacturer of electromechanical clocks from 1886 until about 1970. Based in New York City, the company was one of the first to power its clocks with an electric motor instead of winding by hand.

A patented clock mechanism automatically rewinds the main spring each hour by the small electric motor. A contact switch mounted on the clock's center shaft is activated after the clock has run for one hour and the main spring is rewound one revolution. This rewinding occurs each hour. The power for the motor is supplied by batteries and the batteries last about one year.

History

The Self Winding Clock Company clock movement was patented by one of the company founders, Chester Henry Pond (1844–1912) in 1884 (Patent No. 308,521). Pond was also a principal in the Gamewell Fire Alarm-Telegraph Company.  He was an accomplished instrument maker and a pioneer in the developing field of electricity. He designed a small electric motor and matched it with a conventional clock mechanism.

In 1886, Pond patented a correction device that used an electric current to activate a mechanical lever attached to the clock movement. This correction attachment would move the clock hands precisely to the hour (Patent No. 339,688). If the clock is not absolutely accurate, it would be corrected when receiving the hourly time signal over a telegraph line from a master clock calibrated to the US Naval Observatory. This correction was referred to as synchronizing, and many SWCC clocks were fitted with this option.

The original SWCC factory was located at 205 Willoughby Avenue in Brooklyn, New York.  This site was across from the Pratt Institute, and now is part of the Pratt Institute campus. Charles Pratt (1830–1891), the founder of Pratt Institute, was also one of SWCC's original founders and the company started business in his buildings. The SWCC factory remained in Brooklyn until they moved to 75 Varick Street, New York at some time in the 1950s, to apparently make room for expansion at the Pratt Institute. In addition to doing the clock manufacturing in Brooklyn, SWCC had business offices at various locations in New York City throughout its long history.

Clock movements

When Self Winding Clock Company started producing clocks, the vast majority of the actual clock movements were made by the Seth Thomas Clock Company and the remainder were made by the E. Howard & Co. The most expensive clocks could be equipped with the higher grade movement made by E. Howard. SWCC then fitted their motor-winding components and synchronizing apparatus to the movements. The movements were mounted in cases of various designs, often in case styles similar to those of companies like Seth Thomas and E. Howard.  The SWCC appears to have been manufacturing their own clock movements by 1892, for they are all stamped "Self Winding Clock Co". Earlier movements were stamped with Seth Thomas or E. Howard markings.

The unique feature of SWCC clocks was the fact that the clocks were wound electrically. The success of SWCC depended upon the clocks being reliably wound every hour without failure. The hourly winding motor was the one element of the clock that was most likely to fail. Over a span of about 15 years, the design of the SWCC movements went through a series of modifications aimed at improving reliability. The first six different styles all had the winding motor added to the SWCC movement. The final design, termed the "F" movement or Vibrator movement, was a major improvement. This movement, with minor modifications, was used for the next 60 plus years. In this design, the motor proved to be much more reliable and was now an integral part of the movement rather than added on below the clock works.  The "F" movement motor employed a vibrating up and down motion rather than rotary motion to re-wind the mainspring.

SWCC imprinted all of their movements with serial numbers. The serial numbers were used for inventory purposes and were assigned in ascending order. It is possible to approximately date the time of manufacture of a movement based on the serial number. The first "F" movements were made in 1898 and were made into the 1940s. However, it is not possible to automatically date a particular clock by the movement serial number. SWCC had a practice of exchanging clock movements rather than servicing a movement and then returning it to the same clock. This results in rarely finding a SWCC clock with its original movement. Identification tag numbers also often do not match movement serial numbers because the tags were not changed when the movement was exchanged. The total number of "F" movements manufactured could be confusing. The lowest serial numbers are in the 33,000 range and the highest is in the 402,000 range. There were large numbering gaps and it has been calculated that probably around 200,000 movements were produced.

Western Union time service

The relationship of the Self Winding Clock Company with Western Union (WU) began with an agreement between the companies of June 1889. Its subject matter was for the transmission of time signals over Western Union telegraph lines to synchronize clocks made by SWCC. The company owned the clocks and WU installed and maintained them for a monthly fee, ranging from $1.25 to $2.00 per clock. SWCC was paid a percentage of the rental fee for providing clocks for WU customers.  If the clock movements required major repairs, they were sent to a SWCC repair facility and a replacement movement was installed by WU at the customer location. The partnership between SWCC and WU ended in 1963 when, as part of a lawsuit settlement, WU purchased all the rental clocks from SWCC. By the late 1960s, the time-service business had run its course and ceased to be profitable. Most of the clocks were simply abandoned.

Notable clock designs
The SWCC clock's were usually used in synchronized time systems. Time systems that consisted of many clocks linked electrically to a master clock. The majority of the systems were installed in businesses, factories, banks, schools, and universities. Many railroads also relied on SWCC synchronized clock systems. Some clocks were sold as individual timepieces but most clocks were a part of time systems.  SWCC offered many very elegant designs for their clocks and the clocks could be purchased to match any decor. These were essentially catalog items. There were however many special one-of-a-kind clocks and clock systems that were installed by SWCC. These were intended to be very important architectural statements. Two of the most significant installations were the clocks at Grand Central Terminal and the enormous four-dial clock and lighting system for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower. The two pictured clocks of the Grand Central Terminal and the outside clocks on the Metropolitan Life Insurance Tower were just part of each property's very complex synchronized time systems. Grand Central Terminal had a master clock that controlled all the clocks at the terminal. Metropolitan Life had two separate master clocks. One controlled the motors for the four outside clocks, rang the bells in the bell tower and controlled the spectacular and very complex outside lighting system. Another SWCC master clock controlled 184 slave clocks throughout the original building. Complex SWCC synchronized systems were also installed in the London Underground. The underground installation started in 1905 and eventually included about 600 SWCC clocks.

References

External links

Master Clocks in Central Offices, Connections Museum.  Video detailing a SWCC clock used in telephone service.

Clock brands
Horology
Defunct manufacturing companies based in New York City
MetLife
Western Union


The 2008 Malone Pioneers football team represented Malone University in the season of 2008 NAIA football season.  The Pioneers played their home games in Fawcett Stadium.

The schedule was originally to begin with three non-conference games.  The September 6 game against Apprentice in Virginia was cancelled due to Hurricane Hanna.  The remaining three non-conference games were against Union College in Kentucky and Olivet Nazarene University in Illinois, followed by St. Xavier later in the season.  The season ended with a trip to the 2008 Victory Bowl in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where Malone lost to the .

Schedule

Coaching staff

Head coach
The head coach is Mike Gardner, who is in his third season at the helm of the Pioneers.  Previously he was head coach at Tabor College.  Gardner also works as the defensive coordinator for the team.

Assistant coaches
Assistant coaches for the team were:
 Offensive Coordinator- Dustin Miller
 Offensive Line - Troy Schenk
 Running Backs - Cliff Schenk
 Defensive Backs - Allen Foster
 Wide Receivers - Nyrell Knight
 Defensive Line - Brian Landies
 Linebackers/Strength & Conditioning - Justin Murphy
 Strength & Conditioning Coordinator - John Tsironis
 Running Backs - Denny Blake

Game summaries

Apprentice
The Pioneers scheduled season opener on September 6 at the Apprentice School in Newport News, Virginia was cancelled due to the arrival of Tropical Storm Hanna.

Union

Malone entered halftime with a 28-21 lead, but was unable to keep pace after halftime.  The offensive unit posted just 68 total yards over the final 30 minutes of the game.

The lack of offensive production led to a significant disparity in time of possession for the second half.  Union college wore down the Pioneer defense in the hot and humid weather conditions, holding the ball for over 22 minutes during the final two quarters.

Malone dropped to 0-1 on the season with the seven-point defeat while Union improved to 2-0.

Olivet Nazarene

The Malone College football team piled up 30 unanswered first-half points in a 43-3 victory on the road Olivet Nazaarene (IL) University.  The Tigers were finally able to get on the scoreboard with a field goal on their opening drive of the third quarter, but that would turn out to be the only points Malone's defense would surrender as the unit limited Olivet Nazarene to 167 yards of total offense and 10 first downs.

Olivet Nazarene's three points in Saturday's contest marked the fewest total points allowed in a game by Malone since 1999 when the Pioneers shutout Urbana University on the road, 20-0.  With the convincing victory, Malone improved its overall record to 1-1 on the year while Olivet Nazarene fell to 1-3.

Marian

The Malone University football team opened 2008 Mid-States Football Association Mideast League play at Fawcett Stadium with a 45-37 victory over visiting Marian (IN) College.  Prior to the home opener, there was plenty of excitement in the air with Homecoming festivities in full swing, new uniforms, and Friday's name change from Malone College to Malone University.

On the field, the Pioneers and Knights competed in an offensive shootout that saw a combined 1,013 total yards of offense, 11 touchdowns, and just four punts.  Malone led 24-16 at halftime and then maintained at least an eight-point advantage over the final two quarters as each squad tacked on three touchdowns in the second half en route to the 45-37 final.

The loss brought Marian's three-game winning streak to a halt, dropping the Knights' record to 3-2 overall and 0-2 MSFA Mideast.  The Pioneers, meanwhile, improved to 2-1 overall and 1-0 in conference play with the victory.

Taylor

Malone entered this game ranked 25th in the NAIA National Poll.  The Pioneers completed a 42-17 victory on the road at Taylor (IN) University.  The Pioneers scored touchdowns on five of their first six possessions to take command of the League contest.

Malone led 35-3 at halftime and then stretched its advantage to 42-3 midway through the third quarter before Taylor added two late scores to account for the 42-17 final.  The Pioneers more than doubled the Trojans total offensive output (633 total yards for Malone, 292 total yards for Taylor) and intercepted three Taylor passes while not committing a turnover of their own for the first time this season.

The win improved Malone's record to 3-1 overall and 2-0 in the MSFA Mideast while Taylor dropped to 2-4 overall and 0-2 in conference play.

Walsh

Malone moved up in rankings to 22nd in the NAIA National Poll and registered a come-from-behind 24-21 victory over local rival Walsh University at Fawcett Stadium.

Trailing 21-17 late in the fourth quarter, the Pioneers took possession of the ball with 4:03 remaining on the clock and proceeded to march down the field on a 12-play, 96-yard scoring drive that was capped off by a 31-yard touchdown pass from quarterback Billy Bob Orsagh to wide receiver Tyler Davis.

Walsh then got the ball back with a little over a minute remaining, but was unable to get into field-goal range as the Pioneer defense stopped the Cavaliers on downs to cement the 24-21 victory.  With the win, Malone claimed the Dick Gallagher Memorial Trophy for the third straight year and improved its record to 4-1 overall and 3-0 in the MSFA Mideast.  Walsh dropped to 2-5 overall and 0-2 in league play with the loss.

Urbana

Malone entered this week ranked 18th in NAIA National Poll and registered its fifth consecutive victory on Saturday afternoon at Fawcett Stadium with a 22-6 non-conference win against Urbana University.  The Pioneers entered the contest with the top-rated offense in the NAIA.

Malone's defense limited Urbana to seven total first downs, negative seven (-7) rushing yards, and 127 yards of total offense.  The Pioneers led 13-0 at halftime and then increased their score to 22-0 in the third quarter.  Following a blocked fourth-quarter punt, Urbana managed to get on the scoreboard with a touchdown run.

Malone improved their overall record to 5-1 with the victory while Urbana, which is now in transition to becoming a member of NCAA Division II, dropped to 1-7 on the year.

St. Xavier

The 16th-ranked Malone team rallied from a 23-14 fourth-quarter deficit to record a 27-23 win against NAIA No. 12 Saint Xavier (IL) University at Fawcett Stadium.  The Saint Xavier entered the final quarter with a 16-7 lead, but Pioneer quarterback Billy Bob Orsagh led Malone back into the lead, throwing three touchdown passes to put Malone in front by 27-23 in the fourth quarter.

Saint Xavier threatened to score on its last possession of the game as they moved into scoring position with a first and goal on the Pioneers nine-yard line.  However, as it was able to do throughout the contest, the Malone defense came up with a big stop when it needed it most, keeping the Cougars out of the end zone on four straight plays to preserve the four-point triumph.

The victory stretched the Pioneers current winning streak to six games and improved Malone's record to 6-1 overall and 4-0 in conference play.  Saint Xavier, meanwhile, saw its six-game winning streak come to an end as the Cougars record fell to 6-3 overall and 3-1 in league play.

St. Francis

The #10 Malone University football team suffered its first Mid-States Football Association Mideast League defeat of the year in Fort Wayne, Indiana.  Malone committed four turnovers and had two punts blocked in the 45-24 loss to  the #3-ranked University of Saint Francis.

The Pioneers trailed by a 24-10 deficit at halftime before Saint Francis scored three quick third-quarter touchdowns that stretched the lead to 45-10.  Malone continued to play and added two late scores to cut the Saint Francis advantage to 45-24.  However, the Pioneers were unable to overcome their early miscues, falling to 6-2 overall and 4-1 in the MSFA Mideast.

With the victory, Saint Francis secured at least a share of the league title, pushing its home winning streak to 50 games and improving its record to 9-0 overall and 5-0 in the MSFA Mideast.

Ohio Dominican

The NAIA #13 Malone University football team scored 16 unanswered third-quarter points but still failed to overcome a 21-0 halftime deficit as the Pioneers concluded their regular-season schedule at Fawcett Stadium with a 34-24 loss to NAIA No. 23 Ohio Dominican University.  The victory improved Ohio Dominican's record to 7-3 overall and 4-2 in the MSFA Mideast while Malone fell to 6-3 overall and 4-2 in league play.

Ohio Dominican entered the game coming of a previous 56-0 win over Urbana while Malone came in after a 45-24 loss to Saint Francis (Indiana).  The previous meeting of the two teams was in 2007, when Ohio Dominican won 31-21.

Victory Bowl
''See 2008 Victory Bowl

Malone concluded its 2008 play by taking on the 8-2 Northwestern (MN) Eagles in the 2008 Victory Bowl.  The game was played at 7:00 PM (CST) on Friday November 21, 2008 at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota.  Malone was defending their title as the 2007 Victory Bowl winners, and made their third consecutive trip to the bowl.

Malone and Northwestern matched closely on statistics for the game with the exception of turnovers, where Northwestern had the advantage.  In addition to fumbles, two interceptions were returned for touchdowns by Northwestern.

Season rankings
At the conclusion of the 2008 regular season, Malone had created several impressive rankings for both individual and team play in the NAIA Division I, including:
 Team rankings
 #4 in first downs per game
 #6 in total offense per game
 #8 in sacks per game
 #9 pass offence per game
 Individual rankings
 #2 in forced fumbles per game (Dennis THornton)
 #3 in reception yards per game (Derek Deardorff)
 #5 in kick off return yards per attempt (Shane Golden)
 #7 in passing yards per game and #8 in total offense yards per game (Billy Bob Orsagh)

References

Malone
Malone Pioneers football seasons
Malone Football


Kraumur Music Fund is an independent Icelandic music fund and operation established by the Aurora Charity Foundation in the beginning of 2008 "to strengthen Icelandic musical life, primarily by supporting young musicians in performing and presenting their works."

Among its board of advisers are artists Björk, Mugison, and Kjartan Sveinsson former member of Sigur Rós.

KRAUMUR’S ADVISORY BOARD
 Árni Matthíasson, journalist
 Björk
 Elísabet Indra Ragnarsdóttir, radio show host at Iceland National Radio 1
 Guðni Tómasson, chairman of the board of directors, The Iceland Symphony Orchestra
 Kjartan Sveinsson, musician
 Mugison, musician
 Sigtryggur Baldursson, director of Icelandic Music Export (IMX), and a founding member of the Sugarcubes

Kraumur runs a small office in Reykjavík, Iceland, from where it works on strengthening the position of young musicians in Iceland through direct grants, professional assistance and various forms of cooperation. Kraumur has worked with and supported artists like Mugison, amiina, FM Belfast, pianist Víkingur Ólafsson, Ólöf Arnalds, Of Monsters and Men, múm, Sólstafir, Retro Stefson, Anna Þorvalds and Dikta.

Special initiatives

In the spring of 2008 Kraumur launched a program - 'Innrásin' - with the aim to support Icelandic artists to tour Iceland. Among artists featured on the first 'Innrásar-tours', playing in towns all over the island, were; Sign, Reykjavík!, Benni Hemm Hemm and Borko.

Later that year plans for the first Kraumur Awards ('Kraumsverðlaunin' in Icelandic) were announced to acknowledge and support records being released by Icelandic artists. Nominations are chosen by a selected panel of Icelandic music journalist, radio show hosts and music specialists.

Mission

The Board of Aurora Charity Foundation issued the following statement when establishing the fund in January 2008;
“Icelandic musical life has a special uniqueness, in particular because of the palpable power and boldness that characterise young musicians. The Sugarcubes and Björk pioneered the global explosion of Icelandic music, and many musicians have followed in their footsteps with amazing results. Today, the Icelandic music experience has become one of the strongest elements of the image that Iceland and Icelanders enjoy abroad. The unusual interplay of pop and classical music can be a driving force in ongoing successes. The support of young musicians in their works, and in various forms of cooperation, creates a stronger foundation under this important growth area of Icelandic culture.”

External links
 Kraumur official site
 Kraumur official site - English
 Aurora Foundation official site
 Kraumur TV on LoFi.TV
 Iceland's Kraumur Awards 2008 Documentary - SPIN Magazine; SPIN Earth

Culture of Iceland


A Google matrix is a particular stochastic matrix that is used by Google's PageRank algorithm. The matrix represents a graph with edges representing links between pages. The PageRank of each page can then be generated iteratively from the Google matrix using the power method. However, in order for the power method to converge, the matrix must be stochastic, irreducible and aperiodic.

Adjacency matrix A and Markov matrix S
In order to generate the Google matrix G, we must first generate an adjacency matrix A which represents the relations between pages or nodes.

Assuming there are N pages, we can fill out A by doing the following:

 A matrix element  is filled with 1 if node  has a link to node , and 0 otherwise; this is the adjacency matrix of links.
 A related matrix S corresponding to the transitions in a Markov chain of given network is constructed from A by dividing the elements of column "j" by a number of  where  is the total number of outgoing links from node j to all other nodes. The columns having zero matrix elements, corresponding to dangling nodes, are replaced by a constant value 1/N. Such a procedure adds a link from every sink, dangling state  to every other node.
 Now by the construction the sum of all elements in any column of matrix S is equal to unity. In this way the matrix S is mathematically well defined and it belongs to the class of Markov chains and the class of Perron-Frobenius operators. That makes S suitable for the PageRank algorithm.

Construction of Google matrix G

Then the final Google matrix G can be expressed via S as:

By the construction the sum of all non-negative elements inside each matrix column is equal to unity. The numerical coefficient  is known as a damping factor.

Usually S is a sparse matrix and for modern directed networks it has only about ten nonzero elements in a line or column, thus only about 10N multiplications are needed to multiply a vector by matrix G.

Examples of Google matrix
An example of the matrix  construction via Eq.(1) within a simple network is given in the article CheiRank.

For the actual matrix, Google uses a damping factor  around 0.85. The term  gives a surfer probability to jump randomly on any page. The matrix  belongs to the class of Perron-Frobenius operators of Markov chains. The examples of Google matrix structure are shown in Fig.1 for Wikipedia articles hyperlink network in 2009 at small scale and in Fig.2 for University of Cambridge network in 2006 at large scale.

Spectrum and eigenstates of G matrix

For  there is only one maximal eigenvalue  with the corresponding right eigenvector which has non-negative elements  which can be viewed as stationary probability distribution. These probabilities ordered by their decreasing values give the PageRank vector  with the PageRank  used by Google search to rank webpages. Usually one has for the World Wide Web that  with . The number of nodes with a given PageRank value scales as  with the exponent . The left eigenvector at  has constant matrix elements. With  all eigenvalues move as  except the maximal eigenvalue , which remains unchanged. The PageRank vector varies with  but other eigenvectors with  remain unchanged due to their orthogonality to the constant left vector at . The gap between  and other eigenvalue being  gives a rapid convergence of a random initial vector to the PageRank approximately after 50 multiplications on  matrix.

At  the matrix
has generally many degenerate eigenvalues
(see e.g. [6]). Examples of the eigenvalue spectrum of the Google matrix of various directed networks is shown in Fig.3 from  and Fig.4 from.

The Google matrix can be also constructed for the Ulam networks generated by the Ulam method [8] for dynamical maps. The spectral properties of such matrices are discussed in [9,10,11,12,13,15]. In a number of cases the spectrum is described by the fractal Weyl law [10,12].

The Google matrix can be constructed also for other directed networks, e.g. for the procedure call network of the Linux Kernel software introduced in [15]. In this case the spectrum of  is described by the fractal Weyl law with the fractal dimension  (see Fig.5 from ). Numerical analysis shows that the eigenstates of matrix  are localized (see Fig.6 from ). Arnoldi iteration method allows to compute many eigenvalues and eigenvectors for matrices of rather large size [13].

Other examples of  matrix include the Google matrix of brain [17]
and business process management [18], see also. Applications of Google matrix analysis to
DNA sequences is described in [20]. Such a Google matrix approach allows also to analyze entanglement of cultures via ranking of multilingual Wikipedia articles abouts persons [21]

Historical notes
The Google matrix with damping factor was described by Sergey Brin and Larry Page in 1998 [22], see also articles on PageRank history [23],[24].

See also
CheiRank
Arnoldi iteration
Markov chain
Transfer operator
Perron–Frobenius theorem
Web search engines

References

External links
 Google matrix at Scholarpedia
 Google PR Shut Down
 Video lectures at IHES Workshop "Google matrix: fundamental, applications and beyond", Oct 2018

matrix
Link analysis
Markov models


Rory Keith Kleinveldt (born 15 March 1983) is a South African former cricketer. He made his international debut in a Twenty20 International against Bangladesh in Johannesburg on 5 November 2008. In January 2019, Kleinveldt announced his retirement from first-class cricket.

Career
During the 2008 County Championship Kleinveldt played for Hampshire. Between 2015 and 2018 he played for Northamptonshire.

Kleinveldt was a star on the rise after he was named in the ODI squad to play Sri Lanka in January 2012, but he did not get a game before he was withdrawn with an injury. Two months later, he tested positive for marijuana and was immediately dropped from the Cobras' T20 campaign. Kleinveldt confessed at the first opportunity and conceded that he had "behaved irresponsibly and made a big mistake." He made his test debut on the 9 November 2012 against Australia in a drawn match.

He along with David Miller set the record for the highest 9th wicket partnership in ICC Champions Trophy history(95)

In August 2017, he was named in Cape Town Knight Riders' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after.

In June 2018, he was named in the squad for the Cape Cobras team for the 2018–19 season. In October 2018, he was named in Tshwane Spartans' squad for the first edition of the Mzansi Super League T20 tournament.

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
Cricketers from Cape Town
South African cricketers
South Africa Test cricketers
South Africa One Day International cricketers
South Africa Twenty20 International cricketers
Cape Cobras cricketers
Hampshire cricketers
Northamptonshire cricketers
Tshwane Spartans cricketers
Western Province cricketers


Panda Bear, Panda Bear, What Do You See? is a 2003 children's picture book by Bill Martin, Jr. and illustrated by Eric Carle. Released by Henry Holt and Co., it is the third companion book to Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?.

Plot summary
In rhyming text, various endangered animals are asked the question "What do you see?". The list of animals includes a panda bear, a bald eagle, a water buffalo, a spider monkey, a green sea turtle, a macaroni penguin, a sea lion, a red wolf, a whooping crane and a black panther. The last iteration is a dreaming child who sees all the animals "wild and free."

Reception
A Bella Online review says, "The book is a great tool to introduce conservation to youngsters. It is never too early, to introduce infants, toddlers and young children to the conservation of animals and natural resources." A Wonder Korner review says, "Bill Martin Jr. and Eric Carle have done it again! These popular collaborators have added a new book about animal conversations to their series of rhythmic animal books. The combined talent of Martin and Carle are bound to ensure this a spot on the shelves of children's classics. It was reviewed by Publishers Weekly and by Booklist.

Texas ban
In 2010, the book was banned in Texas when the Texas Education Agency confused author Bill Martin, Jr. with leftist philosopher Bill Martin.

References

External links
Bear book sales will benefit kids' health

2003 children's books
American picture books
Henry Holt and Company books
Picture books by Eric Carle
Fictional pandas
Children's books about bears


Philippe Adnot (born 25 August 1945 in Rhèges, Aube) is a member of the Senate of France. A farmer by profession, he first entered the Senate, where he sits as an independent, in October 1989. Elected as a representative of the Aube department, he was until 10 May 2017 also president of its Conseil départemental, to which he was first elected in 1982 to represent the former canton of Méry-sur-Seine; subsequently (from April 2015) he represented the newly created canton of Creney-près-Troyes.

In 1998 and 2008, he was re-elected to the Senate in the first round, avoiding the need for a run-off vote.

Having contributed to the creation of the University of Technology of Troyes, in 1998 he was made the first Vice President of the University board, of which he is currently the President.  He is a member of the Senate's committee on the laws relating to the freedoms and responsibilities of Universities.

As of 2009, he serves as the Delegate from the Administrative Meeting for Senators not on the list of another Group.

He is decorated as a Chevalier of the Ordre National de Mérite Agricole.

References

Page on the French Senate website

1945 births
French senators of the Fifth Republic
Knights of the Order of Agricultural Merit
Living people
Senators of Aube


Wuhan Polytechnic University () is a university in Wuhan, China. It is located in the Evergreen Garden (Chang Qing Hua Yuan) real estate development north of Hankou, near Tianhe Airport.

WHPU is a multidisciplinary comprehensive university that focuses on food science and engineering. It has about 16,000 full-time students. The university develops agricultural products for processing and transformation.

References

Universities and colleges in Wuhan


is a railway station on the Kyūdai Main Line operated by JR Kyushu in Hita, Ōita, Japan. This station is practically a terminal station of Hitahikosan Line.

History
In 1915, the Daito Railway Co. opened the 22 km Oita - Onoya section. The company was nationalised in 1922, and westerly extensions were undertaken in stages from 1923 until Amagase was reached in 1933. The section between Kurume and Chikugoyoshi was opened in 1928, and easterly extensions to Amagase opened between 1931 and 1934. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor of JGR, on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR Kyushu.

3 March 1934-  Kyūdai Line (Kitayamada Station to Hita Station) opened. The station opened along with the line.
15 November 1934 - Kyūdai Line was extended from this station to Amagase station.
27 June 1937 - Kyūdai Line renamed as Kyūdai Main Line.
1972 -Reconstruction of station building.。
1984 - reconstruction of surround area and the square in front of the station.
1987
5 February - green window opened.
1 April - JNR division and privatization. The station is inherited by Kyushu Railway Company.
28 March 2015- station building renovated.
2017
5 July - The bridge over the Oita River between Chikugo Oisha and Teruoka was demolished by heavy rain. Sections between Hita Station and Ukiha Station on Kyūdai Main Line and between Hita Station and Soeda Station on Hitahikosan Line were closed.
 18 July 2017 - service between Ukiha and Mitsuoka Stations resumed. The service between Mitsuoka Station and Hita Station was connected by shuttle bus.
14 July 2018 - section between Mitsuoka Station and Hita Station reopened.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2016, the station was used by an average of 783 passengers daily (boarding passengers only), and it ranked 193rd among the busiest stations of JR Kyushu.

See also
List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links
Hita (JR Kyushu)

Railway stations in Ōita Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1934


Ernest Shorrocks (12 March 1875 – 20 July 1916) was an English cricketer who played in one first-class cricket match for Somerset in the 1905 season.

A professional who batted in the lower order and bowled 20 overs in his one match, Shorrocks was picked for the Somerset match against Lancashire at Taunton. He took the wickets of Reggie Spooner and James Hallows for 60 runs as Lancashire made 401 on the first day, then made 0 and an unbeaten 16 as Somerset were beaten by an innings. He was one of three Somerset debutants in the match; for one of the others, Alfred Trestrail, this was also the only first-class match. The third, John Harcombe, played six further matches for Somerset up to 1919.

Shorrocks was a serjeant in the 20th battalion of the Royal Fusiliers and died in the First World War in the fighting on the Somme. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial.

References

External links
Ernest Shorrocks at www.cricketarchive.com

1875 births
1916 deaths
English cricketers
Somerset cricketers
British military personnel killed in the Battle of the Somme
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Fusiliers soldiers
Military personnel from Lancashire
People from Middleton, Greater Manchester
Cricketers from Greater Manchester
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale


Auke Anthony Hulst (born May 20, 1975), is a Dutch novelist, journalist and musician.

Biography
Hulst was raised in the hamlet of Denemarken (meaning: Denmark), in the north of the Netherlands. After a disorganized upbringing he studied audiovisual arts, Dutch literature and English at the University of Groningen. He did not finish any of these studies.

From 1998 on Hulst has been working for a number of prominent Dutch and Belgian newspapers and magazines, like Vrij Nederland, Esquire, Knack Focus, NRC Handelsblad, De Groene Amsterdammer, and De Standaard. In 2006 he made his literary debut with the novel Jij en ik en alles daartussenin (translation: You and me and everything in between.) In 2007 he produced, together with cartoonist Raoul Deleo, a hybrid between literary non-fiction and graphic novel, called De eenzame snelweg (translation: The lonely highway). It's the impressionistic story of a cross-country trip the authors made, commemorating fifty years of On the Road by Jack Kerouac. The book was nominated for a stripschap-penning and the Prix Saint-Michel.

In May 2009 Hulst publishes Wolfskleren (translation: Wolf's Clothes), a novel that coincides with a rock-album by Hulst's Sponsored by Prozac-project. Hulst also is one of the main drivers behind the Dutch-language band De Meisjes.

In 2012 his semi-autobiographical novel Kinderen van het Ruige Land (translation: Children of the Savage Land) was published to both critical and commercial acclaim, winning several smaller literary awards. After his publisher Meulenhoff failed to submit the book for both the Libris and Gouden Boekenuil-awards, two of the most important literary accolades for Dutch writers, Hulst changed publishers. At Anthos he published the travel book Buitenwereld, binnenzee (2014, translation: Outside World, Inner Sea) and the novels Slaap zacht, Johnny Idaho (2015, trans: Sleep Tight, Johnny Idaho) and En ik herinner me Titus Broederland (2016, Brotherland), both of which were awarded the Harland Awards Book Prize. In 2017 he published the travel book Motel Songs, which was accompanied by the musical album of the same name. That book was awarded the Bob den Uyl Prize for Best Dutch travel book. In 2018 Hulst published the novel Zoeklicht op het gazon (trans: Searchlight on the Lawn), a psychological portrait of Richard Nixon. His most recent novel, De Mitsukoshi Troostbaby Company (2021, trans: The Mitsukoshi Consolation Baby Company) was shortlisted for the two major Dutch literary awards, the Libris Literatuurprijs and the Boekenbon Literatuurprijs. It was also shortlisted for the Belgian Confituur Boekhandelsprijs, and longlisted for the Belgian De Boon Literatuurprijs.

Together with Wim Melis, curator of the Noorderlicht photo festival in Groningen, Hulst has created the photobook The Pursuit of Happiness (2009). As editor and essayist he co-created the Noorderlicht-publications Warzone (2010), which was about the war experiences of soldiers on international missions, and The Sweet and Sour Story of Sugar (2013).

External links
 Official Website (in Dutch)

1975 births
Living people
People from Hoogezand-Sappemeer
Dutch musicians
21st-century Dutch novelists
Dutch male novelists
Jack Kerouac


Beaumonts may refer to:

 J B Beaumont
 Beaumont children disappearance, an Adelaide, South Australia, incidence of 1966