This a table showing the undergraduate engineering degrees offered at the twenty-three campuses of the California State University system and their accreditation.

Undergraduate programs

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 | ABET Certified || 5 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 3 || 12 || 13 || 12 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 13
 | 1 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 4 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 13 || 1 || 1 || 97
 |-
 ! Total !! 5 !! 2 !! 1 !! 1 !! 3 !! 12 !! 14 !! 18 !! 4 !! 4 !! 1 !! 15 !! 2
 ! 2 !! 1 !! 4 !! 1 !! 1 !! 1 !! 1 !! 4 !! 1 !! 4 !! 2 !! 13 !! 2 !! 3 !! 122
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 | style="background-color: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; border-left: 1px solid #fff; font-weight: 700; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; width: 10em;" | Campus
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 | style="background-color: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid #fff; border-right: 1px solid #fff; font-weight: 700; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; width: 3em;" | Total
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Undergraduate accreditation

References

California State University
Engineering

California State University


Football at the 1994 Asian Games was held in Hiroshima, Japan from 1 to 16 October 1994. The Asian Football Confederation suggested that only under-23 teams should be entered, which meant that all the players had to be born after January 1, 1971. But this was ignored by all participants except Saudi Arabia.

The women's tournament doubled the Asian qualification of 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup in Sweden, where China and Japan qualified.

Schedule

Medalists

Medal table

Draw
The original draw for men's tournament was announced on 1 June 1994 as follows:

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Group E

On 16 September a revised draw was announced, following some withdrawals. Two more entrants (Malaysia and Palestine) were included.

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

However, Palestine then withdrew for financial reasons.

Squads

Final standing

Men

Women

References

 Results

External links
 RSSSF Men
 RSSSF Women

1994 Asian Games events
1994
Asia Games
Asian Games
1995 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification
1994 Asian Games


Ciudad de Vigo Básquet, more commonly referred to today by its sponsorship name of KICS Ciudad de Vigo, was a professional Basketball team based in Vigo, Galicia. After the 2009–10 season, the team was dissolved.

Former names
 Gestibérica Ciudad de Vigo (—2009)
 Kics Ciudad de Vigo (2009–10)

Season by season

Trophies and awards

Trophies
LEB Bronce: (1)
2008

Notable players
 Robert Traylor
 Sotiris Manolopoulos

External links
Ciudad de Vigo Básquet

Defunct basketball teams in Spain
Former LEB Oro teams
Basketball teams in Galicia (Spain)
Basketball teams established in 2004
Basketball teams disestablished in 2010
Sport in Vigo


Better Days is the fifth studio album by Texas singer-songwriter Guy Clark, released in 1983.

The LP contains one hit single, "Homegrown Tomatoes," which reached No. 42 on the U.S. Billboard Country chart. The song was covered by John Denver in 1988 on his LP Higher Ground.

Track listing
All songs written by Guy Clark except as noted.
 "Blowin' Like a Bandit" – 2:40
 "Better Days" – 3:05
 "Homegrown Tomatoes" – 2:58
 "Supply & Demand" – 3:16
 "The Randall Knife" – 4:13
 "The Carpenter" – 3:08
 "Uncertain Texas" (Guy Clark, Rodney Crowell) – 2:29
 "No Deal" (Townes Van Zandt) – 3:19
 "Tears" – 2:49
 "Fool in the Mirror" – 3:35

Personnel
Guy Clark – vocals, guitar
Glen D. Hardin – keyboards
Tony Brown – keyboards
Rodney Crowell – background vocals
Paul Kennerley – bass, background vocals
Hank DeVito – guitar, pedal steel guitar
Vince Gill – guitar, background vocals
Johnny Gimble – fiddle, mandolin
Emory Gordy – guitar, bass
Larrie Londin – drums
Gary Nicholson – guitar
Reggie Young – guitar

Production notes
Rodney Crowell – producer
Bradley Hartman – engineer
Tim Farmer – assistant engineer
Glenn Meadows – original mastering
Danny Mundhenk – assistant engineer
Paul Brookside – liner notes

Chart performance

References

External links
 LP Discography web site.

1983 albums
Guy Clark albums
Warner Records albums
Albums produced by Rodney Crowell


"We Need a Little Christmas" is a popular Christmas song originating from Jerry Herman's Broadway musical Mame, and first performed by Angela Lansbury in that 1966 production.

In the musical, the song is performed after Mame has lost her fortune in the Wall Street Crash of 1929, and decides that she, her young nephew Patrick, and her two household servants "need a little Christmas now" to cheer them up. The original lyrics include the line, "But, Auntie Mame, it's one week past Thanksgiving Day now!"  Since the time the song was written the phenomenon of Christmas creep has resulted in the normal holiday season beginning much earlier than it once did.

Notable recordings
 Percy Faith with His Orchestra and Chorus (1966) (Christmas Is... Percy Faith)
 Skitch Henderson & The Tonight Show Orchestra (1966) (Broadway Tonight! Skitch Henderson & The Tonight Show Orchestra Play Music From "Mame")
 Johnny Mathis (1986) (Christmas Eve with Johnny Mathis)
 The Muppets (1987) (A Muppet Family Christmas)
 Bugs Bunny & Friends with Daffy Duck (1994) (Have Yourself a Looney Tunes Christmas)
 Andy Williams (1995) (We Need a Little Christmas)
 Mormon Tabernacle Choir with Angela Lansbury (2001) (later appeared on the choir's 2006 album, The Wonder of Christmas)
Andrea McArdle (2006) (Andrea McArdle's Family Christmas)
 Legacy Five (2007) (Little Christmas)
 Kimberly Locke (2007) (Christmas)
 Glee Cast (2010) (Glee: The Music, The Christmas Album and episode A Very Glee Christmas)
 Ages and Ages (2012) (Holidays Rule)
 Idina Menzel (2019) (Christmas: A Season of Love)
Pentatonix (2020) (We Need a Little Christmas)
 Kelly Rowland (2020) (We Need a Little Christmas)

Charts

Kimberley Locke version

Glee Cast version

Pentatonix version

References

1966 songs
American Christmas songs
Percy Faith songs
Johnny Mathis songs
Kimberley Locke songs
Songs from musicals
Songs written by Jerry Herman


Zakeria Mohammed  "Zak" Yacoob (born 3 March 1948) is an  anti-apartheid activist and a former Justice of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. He was appointed to the bench in 1998 by Nelson Mandela. He briefly served as Acting Deputy Chief Justice during the long-term leave of Dikgang Moseneke. He became blind at 16 months due to meningitis and attended Durban's Arthur Blaxall School for the Blind from 1956 to 1966. From 1967 to 1969 he studied for a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University College for Indians after which he completed his LLB degree at the University of Durban-Westville in 1972. He married in 1970, and has two adult children (a daughter and a son). He has lived in Durban, South Africa almost all his life.

References

1948 births
Living people
Judges of the Constitutional Court of South Africa
South African blind people
Blind lawyers


Moondust is a 1983 generative music video game created for the Commodore 64 by virtual reality pioneer, Jaron Lanier. Moondust was programmed in 6502 assembly in 1982, and is considered the first art video game. Moondust has frequently been used as an art installation piece in museum exhibitions from Corcoran Gallery of Art's 1983 "ARTcade" to the Smithsonian's 2012 "The Art of Video Games". It has also been used by Lanier and others in papers and lectures as an example to demonstrate the unexpected ephemerality of digital data.

Moondust is also considered to be the first interactive music publication, and it sold quite successfully. With the profits from Moondust and additional funding from Marvin Minsky, Lanier formed VPL which would later go on to create the DataGlove and the DataSuit and to become one of the primary innovators of virtual-reality research and development throughout the 1980s.

Gameplay

Moondust'''s gameplay is characterized by graphical complexity, and the game features an abstract ambient score. The goal of the game is to cover the bullseye at the center of the screen with "moonjuice." To do this, the player controls spaceman Jose Scriabin (named in honor of synaesthetic composer Alexander Scriabin) as he drops a seed square and then moves around the screen in arcing paths to run over the seed, smearing it to cover the bullseye. As Jose travels, flight patterns of he and the bullet-shaped spaceships he must avoid are created and as they pass through the trails that are created, and as the moonjuice spreads and smears, the musical score is modified according to a generative algorithm. In-game scoring system assigns point-values according to an algorithm when the level is completed. Players start with three seeds but may acquire more if they have scored highly enough. The game has been compared to the works of Jeff Minter.

The game features 4 modes: Beginner, Evasive, Freestyle, and Spinsanity. In Beginner mode, the seeds that Jose must smear remain in one position wherever they had been dropped. In Evasive mode, however, the seeds seek to evade Jose by rushing to the edge of the screen. Freestyle mode greatly increases the player’s control over Jose, removing the physical element of momentum to connect Jose's motions directly to the joystick controller's. In Spinsanity mode, the spaceships travel in a spiral pattern making smearing of the seed more difficult for the player.

ReceptionAhoy!s review began "And now for something completely different. You have never seen anything like Moondust ... No mazes, no nuke the alien aggressors, no 'find ring, sit on ring'". The magazine, which gave the game a grade of B for graphics and A for gameplay, stated that it was "not for everybody", warning that "the instructions are confusing. Even the people at Creative Software didn't know what Lanier was up to". The review nonetheless concluded "Players shopping for a non-violent game that incorporates graphics and music will want to consider Moondust ... I recommend it". The Commodore 64 Home Companion agreed on Moondust''s uniqueness, describing it as "one of the most creative new games I've seen for any computer". Describing gameplay as "more like ballet than combat", the book concluded that it "is a computer game for people who don't like computer games".

References

External links

1983 video games
Commodore 64-only games
Music video games
Video games developed in the United States
Art games
Commodore 64 games
Single-player video games
Creative Software games


The Slander of Women Act 1891 (54 & 55 Vict. c. 51) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (as it then was).

Section 1

Slander imputing unchastity or adultery to a female

This section provides that in an action for slander ("words spoken and published"), brought by a female plaintiff in respect of words that impute unchastity or adultery to her, it is not necessary for her to allege or prove that she has suffered special damage.

The word "unchastity" is not confined to unchastity with a man. To call a woman a "lesbian" is to impute "unchastity" to her.

However, the section then provides that in an action for slander made actionable by that section, a plaintiff may not be awarded more costs than damages unless the judge certifies that "there was reasonable ground for bringing the action".

Republic of Ireland
This section was replaced for the Republic of Ireland by section 16 of the Defamation Act 1961. The proviso was not reproduced.

Section 2
This section provides that the Act may be cited as the Slander of Women Act 1891 and that it does not apply to Scotland.

Repeal
The Act was repealed for the Republic of Ireland on 1 January 1962 and for England and Wales on 1 January 2014 by section 14(1) of the Defamation Act 2013.

Parliamentary debates

References

1891 in British law
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1891
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning England and Wales
Legal history of England
Repealed Irish legislation
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning Northern Ireland
Women's rights in the United Kingdom
Women's rights legislation
1891 in women's history


Ally Kerr is a singer-songwriter from Glasgow, Scotland.

His first release, Midst of the Storm, was a 7-inch vinyl single (EP) on the Spanish label Elefant Records. An album, Calling Out To You, followed on Japanese label Quince Records in 2004 and on Neon Tetra Records (UK) in 2005. Producers included Duglas T. Stewart (BMX Bandits), Duncan Cameron (Riverside Studios) and David Scott (The Pearlfishers). The Sore Feet Song was used as a theme to Japanese animated TV series Mushishi and released in Japan as a CD single through Marvelous Entertainment. The series has since aired in several countries and was released on DVD in America, Australia and the UK as well as being made available on Netflix.

Kerr's second album, Off The Radar, was recorded and produced by David Scott (The Pearlfishers), and released on Much Obliged Records (UK / Europe / US), Universal Records (Philippines) as well as in Japan on the Ultra-Vybe / Star Sign label in 2008, and through Triangle Music in South Korea. Kerr has spent time touring in Asia (Japan, Singapore, Philippines, Taiwan, China) and Europe. In June 2015 Kerr embarked on a headlining tour of China covering 10 cities following a 2013 trip to the country to play at two festivals.

His third album, Viva Melodia was recorded with Marcus Mackay at The Diving Bell Lounge studio in Glasgow, and was produced by Biff Smith (The Starlets / A New International). It was released on Much Obliged Records (through Shellshock Distribution / The Orchard worldwide), licensed to Pastel Music (Korea) and distributed by Ultra Vybe (Japan).

Kerr's fourth album Upgrade Me was released on 18 January 2019 through Much Obliged Records (Shellshock Distribution / The Orchard worldwide), and licensed to Vibes (China), Hinote (Taiwan and Hong Kong), Leeway (South Korea) and distributed by Ultra Vybe in Japan. The album was produced by Biff Smith (A New International / The Colour of Whisky) and engineered by Johnny Smillie in Glasgow. Kerr embarked on a second headline tour of China in May 2019. The title song Upgrade Me featured in episode 28 of Terrace House Tokyo (Netflix Japan) on 31 December 2019.

An album of new cinematic-style instrumental songs (entitled Soundtracks) was released as an album on 27 November 2020.

Discography

EPs
 Midst of the Storm (2002)

Studio albums
 Calling Out To You (2004)
 Off The Radar (2008)
 Viva Melodia (2013)
 Upgrade Me (2019)
 Soundtracks (2020)

References

External links
Ally Kerr official website

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Musicians from Glasgow
Scottish male singer-songwriters
Scottish singer-songwriters
21st-century Scottish male singers


Frederick Reginald Santall (12 July 1903 – 3 November 1950) was an English cricketer. He was a right-hand batsman and right-arm medium pace bowler who played for Warwickshire.

Born in Acocks Green, Birmingham, Santall was a regular on the Warwickshire teamsheet during the inter-war period. Between 1919 and 1939 he played 496 first-class matches for his home county, only Willie Quaife and Dennis Amiss have represented Warwickshire more often. Outside of county cricket he made four other first-class appearances, three came on Sir Theodore Brinckman's XI tour of Argentina in 1937–38 and one was for Sir Lindsay Parkinson's XI against the West Indies tourists of 1933, he scored 45 and 47 not out in a low-scoring match.

Santall scored a total of 17,730 first-class runs at an average of 24.93, passing 1,000 runs in a season on seven occasions. His best seasonal total came in 1933 when he scored 1,727 runs at 46.67. During that season he produced the highest score of his career, a knock of 201 not out against Northamptonshire at Peterborough, an innings that took just 165 minutes.

Santall's medium pace bowling took 283 wickets at an average of 43.31, twice taking five-fers, both of which came in the 1936 season. His best figures were 5/47 against Leicestershire at Edgbaston.

Santall received a benefit in 1935, his playing career was brought to a close by the Second World War. After leaving Warwickshire he coached schools in Reading and Cheltenham, where he died aged 47 after suffering a thrombosis.

Santall's father, Sydney, and brother, John, both played first-class cricket.

References

1903 births
1950 deaths
English cricketers
Warwickshire cricketers
Sir T. E. W. Brinckman's XI cricketers
Sir L. Parkinson's XI cricketers


"I'm Alright" is a song written by Phil Vassar, and recorded by American country music singer Jo Dee Messina.  It was released in May 1998 as the second single and title track from her album of the same name. It became her second consecutive Number One hit on the Billboard country charts, spending three weeks at Number One. "I'm Alright" was certified 2x Platinum by the RIAA on September 4, 1998 alongside "Bye, Bye."

Phil Vassar, who wrote the song, covered the song on his 2006 Greatest Hits, Vol. 1 album, with some altered lyrics.

Content
The song is an up-tempo in the key of C major, featuring a piano and electric guitar backing with pedal steel guitar and Dobro flourishes. The lyrics centralize on the female narrator, who is conversing with a friend. She details the various events that are going on in her life, such as lacking money and missing friends and family, but still asserts that she "must be doin' alright".

Music video
The music video was directed by Jon Small and premiered in mid-1998.

Chart performance
"I'm Alright" debuted at number 59 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 23, 1998. The song was a Number One country hit in both the U.S. and Canada and reached number 43 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

|}

Phil Vassar version

On his album Greatest Hits, Vol. 1, Vassar recorded his own version of the song with some altered lyrics. Unlike the original Jo Dee Messina recording, Vassar's rendition features an extended piano intro and slight lyrical changes.

References

1998 singles
1998 songs
Jo Dee Messina songs
Phil Vassar songs
Songs written by Phil Vassar
Song recordings produced by Byron Gallimore
Song recordings produced by Tim McGraw
Curb Records singles


The Humac tablet () is an Old Slavic epigraph in Bosnian Cyrillic script  in the form of a stone tablet, believed to be variously dated to between the 10th and 12th century, being one of the oldest Bosnian preserved inscriptions.

It is the oldest Cyrillic epigraph found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was found in the village of Humac in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is kept at the museum of the Franciscan friary in Humac. It was first noted by a French diplomat at the Bosnia Vilayet.

There is disagreement over the dating; Yugoslav epigrapher and historian Marko Vego dated it to the end of the 10th or the beginning of the 11th century; linguist Jovan Deretić to the 10th or 11th century; historian Dimitrije Bogdanović to the 12th century.

The text of the tablet tells about the act of raising a church dedicated to the Archangel Michael by Krsmir (also rendered Uskrsimir or Krešimir) and his wife Pavica. The tablet is quadrangle in shape (68x60x15 cm), and the inscription is carved in form of a quadrangle in Cyrillic script among which five Glagolitic letters (four E-like letters resembling Ⰵ and a Ⱅ letter alongside a conventional Cyrillic Т) occur.

Text

Transliteration and the interpretation of the text differs among Slavicists and paleographers.

References

Sources

History of the Serbo-Croatian language
Ljubuški
Texts of medieval Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian Cyrillic texts


The United States makes hostage-taking a criminal offense pursuant to .  Generally, the Act applies to conduct occurring within the territory of the United States.  However, under Subsection B, an offender may be indicted under the Act even if the hostage-taking occurred outside the territory of the United States if the "offender or the person seized or detained is a national of the United States; the offender is found in the United States; or the governmental organization sought to be compelled is the Government of the United Stages."  These provisions are consistent with the fundamental principles of international criminal law, specifically active nationality principle, universal principle, and the effects principle, respectively.

18 USC 1203: Hostage Taking Act
(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, whoever, whether inside or outside the United States, seizes or detains and threatens to kill, to injure, or to continue to detain another person in order to compel a third person or a governmental organization to do or abstain from doing any act as an explicit or implicit condition for the release of the person detained, or attempts or conspires to do so, shall be punished by imprisonment for any term of years or for life and, if the death of any person results, shall be punished by death or life imprisonment.

(b) It is not an offense under this section:
(1) If the conduct required for the offense occurred outside the United States unless—
(A) the offender or the person seized or detained is a national of the United States;
(B) the offender is found in the United States; or
(C) the governmental organization sought to be compelled is the Government of the United States.

(2) If the conduct required for the offense occurred inside the United States, each alleged offender and each person seized or detained are nationals of the United States, and each alleged offender is found in the United States, unless the governmental organization sought to be compelled is the Government of the United States.

(c) As used in this section, the term "national of the United States" has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( (a)(22)).

The hostage taking act is a subsection of the 1979 United Nations General Assembly Sixth Committee's treaty, International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages.  It became enforceable in the United States on January 6, 1985.

References

External links
Equal Protection Held Hostage: Ransoming the Constitutionality of the Hostage Taking Act, 1997 article from the Pennsylvania State University Law eLibrary

Hostage taking in the United States
United States federal criminal legislation
Kidnapping in the United States


The Safe Harbor Bridge also known as the Safe Harbor Trestle, Port Road Bridge and the Enola Low Grade Line (A&S Railroad) Steel Trestle  is a steel deck truss trestle that spans the Conestoga River at Safe Harbor, Pennsylvania near the Susquehanna River for the Port Road Branch and the former Columbia and Port Deposit Railroad along the Susquehanna River.

History and notable features
This bridge was built in 1905 for the Atglen and Susquehanna Branch (A&S), also known as the "Low Grade Branch", of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR).

There is one more bridge at this site, the Safe Harbor Dam access road bridge.
The lower span was raised  in 1930, concurrent with the construction of the Safe Harbor Dam. In 1976 the PRR lines became part of Conrail, which abandoned the A&S branch in 1989. The tracks were removed from the upper bridge in 1990. The upper portion has been repurposed to serve as part of the Enola Low Grade Trail.

See also
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
List of crossings of the Conestoga River

References

External links

Bridge photos
Trestle Construction*Safe Harbor Trestle Bridge on Flickr - by Veender
Atglen & Susquehanna Branch

Bridges over the Conestoga River
Bridges in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Railroad bridges in Pennsylvania
Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
Norfolk Southern Railway bridges
Pennsylvania Railroad bridges
Steel bridges in the United States
Girder bridges in the United States
Pratt truss bridges in the United States
Trestle bridges in the United States


The Cheyenne Indians: Their History and Lifeways (2008, World Wisdom) is a condensed version of a two volume non-fiction book (The Cheyenne Indians: Their History and Ways of Life) written by the anthropologist George Bird Grinnell, based on his account of his time spent among the last of the nomadic Cheyenne Native Americans.  It is one of Grinnell’s best known works and is of historical significance for its intimate first-hand account of life among the Cheyenne.

See also
George Bird Grinnell
Native American Studies

External links and further reading
 Official Book Page
 The Cheyenne Indians, Vol. 1: History and Society, (Bison Books, 1972)
 The Cheyenne Indians, Vol. 2: War, Ceremonies, and Religion, (Bison Books, 1972)

References

Cheyenne
Non-fiction books about Native Americans
2008 non-fiction books


The following list of people were born in Hebron.

 Yoav Goldstein, a Gold Dealer and a Martyr from the 4th Century BCE that was born in the city of Hebron. Known as the Forefather of the Goldstein Clan
 Basel Adra, 21st-century journalist
 Abraham Konki, 17th-century Hebronite rabbi
 Chaim Hezekiah Medini, Rabbi and author of Sdei Chemed. Buried in Old Jewish cemetery, Hebron.
 Hayyim ben Jacob Abulafia, 17th-century renewer of Jewish settlement in Tiberias
 Fadi Elsalameen, Palestinian activist and blogger
 Raphael Hayyim Isaac Carregal, 18th-century Hebronite and rabbi, friend of Yale president Ezra Stiles
 Hasan Hourani, Palestinian artist
 Mazen Dana,  Palestinian journalist killed by United States soldiers in Baghdad
 Muhammad Ali Ja'abari, long-serving mayor of Hebron
 Sulaiman Ja'abari, former Grand Mufti of Jerusalem
 Yitzhaq Shami, Jewish-Israeli writer whose characters who were often Arabs or Sephardic Jews

People associated with Hebron:
Eliezer ben-Arhah, rabbi, from about 1615 until his death in 1652

References

Hebron
Hebron
Rabbis in Hebron
Hebron


Sommer is a Danish TV-drama aired on DR1 in 2008. The series was created by Jesper W. Nielsen and Karina Dam

Cast

External links
 DRs side om Sommer
 Sommer på Settet.dk

Danish drama television series
2008 Danish television series debuts
2000s Danish television series
Danish-language television shows


Sunil Chandrasekharan Oasis (born 3 April 1973 in Kozhikode, Kerala, India) is a retired Indian first class cricketer. He was a right-handed middle order batsman and a right arm medium bowler. He was captain of the Kerala cricket team. He also represented India at the Hong Kong Cricket Sixes in 2008.

External links
Cricinfo profile

References

1973 births
Living people
Kerala cricketers
Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club cricketers
South Zone cricketers
Indian cricketers
Cricketers from Kozhikode


George E. King may refer to:

 George Edwin King (1839–1901), second premier of New Brunswick, Canada
 George Edward King (1851–1934), Atlanta, Georgia hardware mogul

See also
 George King (disambiguation)


The 2009 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia in the 2009 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs competed in the East Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). This was the Georgia Bulldogs' ninth season under head coach Mark Richt. The Bulldogs finished the season 8–5, 4–4 in SEC play and won the Independence Bowl, 44–20, against Texas A&M.

Schedule

Rankings

References

Georgia
Georgia Bulldogs football seasons
Independence Bowl champion seasons
Georgia Bulldogs football


Hilliard Airpark  is a public-use airport located  east of the central business district of the town of Hilliard in Nassau County, Florida, United States. The airport is publicly owned.

References

External links

Airports in Florida
Transportation buildings and structures in Nassau County, Florida


Marital coercion was a defence to most crimes under English criminal law and under the criminal law of Northern Ireland. It is similar to duress. It was abolished in England and Wales by section 177 of the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014, which came into force on 13 May 2014. The abolition does not apply in relation to offences committed before that date.

Legislation
What had remained of the original common law defence of marital coercion at the date of abolition was contained in section 47 of the Criminal Justice Act 1925:

Section 37 of the Criminal Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1945 (c.15) (N.I.) is identical to the section cited above and applies to Northern Ireland.

Differences from duress
While the defence of marital coercion has similarities to that of duress, it has significant differences:
It must be proved that the defendant is the legal wife of the man who coerced her. A mistaken though reasonable belief that she was married will not suffice. Civil partnership does not suffice and a husband cannot claim marital coercion.
Until 2013 it was thought that the burden of proof lay on the defence to prove marital coercion on the balance of probabilities. (For duress, the burden is on the prosecution to disprove duress beyond reasonable doubt.) However, in the trial of Vicky Pryce the trial judge, Mr Justice Sweeney, ruled that the defence had only to show some evidence that the defence applied in order to require the prosecution to disprove the defence beyond reasonable doubt, as in duress cases.
Duress is not a valid finding unless there was a threat to kill the defendant or cause them serious harm. The Court of Appeal held in R v Shortland that marital coercion need not involve physical force or the threat of force. (However mere loyalty to her husband does not suffice.)
Section 47 requires the husband to be present when the offence is committed. The defence of duress does not require the presence of the person who issued the threat, provided that the threat is still effective.
Duress is not a defence to attempted murder, but attempted murder is not excluded by the text of section 47 from the scope of marital coercion.
Duress is a defence to some forms of treason, but marital coercion is not.

Abolition

In 1977, the Law Commission recommended that the defence of marital coercion should be abolished altogether. They said that they did not consider it to be appropriate to modern conditions. However no action was taken until after Vicky Pryce advanced the defence of marital coercion at her 2013 trial for perverting the course of justice. She argued that she falsely accepted penalty points under the coercion of her former husband and Liberal Democrat Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Chris Huhne MP. Her use of the defence was unsuccessful, and she was unanimously convicted on 7 March 2013. In 2014, the government announced the defence would be abolished.

Example from the 18th century
Mary Day was acquitted of theft committed in obedience to her husband at the Old Bailey on 14 January 1732.

Outside the United Kingdom
In the United States, the defense formerly existed in most jurisdictions. It has since been abolished in several states, including those adopting or influenced by the Model Penal Code, section 2.09(3) of which expressly ends the presumption and abolishes the defense.

In Ireland the case of State (DPP) v Walsh and Conneely in 1981 found that presumption of marital coercion had not survived the enactment of the 1937 Constitution and so the defence is no longer available there.

The Crimes (Amendment) Act 1924, paragraph 4 of Schedule 3 to the Crimes Act 1900 abolished the defence in New South Wales, Australia.

Further reading
Pace [1979] Crim LR 82 contains a discussion of the defence and arguments in favour of its retention.

References
Archbold Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice (2012) 17-133

Criminal
English criminal law
Coercion


Leonard Fairclough & Son Ltd was a construction firm based in Adlington, Lancashire, England.

History
The firm was founded by Leonard Fairclough, a stonemason in Adlington who established his business in 1883. Leonard's son, Leonard Miller Fairclough, joined the company and continued to run it during the First World War. From 1917, the company traded as Leonard Fairclough Limited. In 1927, Leonard Miller Fairclough became chairman of the company, and retained this position until he retired in 1965.

Sir Leonard was succeeded by Sir Oswald Davies, who took Fairclough from being a regional contractor to one of the most successful national contractors. Davies bought a number of well known construction businesses, including CV Buchan, Fram Group and Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Company.

Also in the 1960s, Fairclough entered the private housebuilding market (Fairclough Homes) with the acquisition of the Lancashire firm of RJ Barton and Tarrant Builders (noted for its ownership of Wentworth Golf Club). Fairclough Homes continued to trade under its own name after the formation of AMEC. In 1982, Fairclough and William Press Group merged to form AMEC.

Projects
The company specialised in bridge building. During the 1950s, the company built thirty one bridges in the Manchester area, and bridges on the Preston bypass, which was the first motorway in England, later part of the M6. During this decade they laid the foundations for the Silver Jubilee Bridge between Runcorn and Widnes and constructed its carriageway. During the 1960s the company built parts of the M6 and M62 in consortium with Alfred McAlpine. Fairclough built the bridges, and McAlpine the roads.

The company, again working with Alfred McAlpine, also built the M53 Motorway from Chester to the Wirral, also called the mid-Wirral motorway, completed in 1972.

During 1972 to 1978, Fairclough built the Liverpool Link Line, partly underground and now called Merseyrail Northern Line, connecting Liverpool City Centre with Hunt's Cross and Southport to Kirkby, and the low level Central Station in Liverpool City Centre. All the concrete segments for the Northern Line (low level) and for the Loop Line (deep level, built by Edmund Nuttall) were supplied by C V Buchan & Sons.

References

Construction and civil engineering companies of England
Design companies established in 1883
British companies disestablished in 1982
Defunct companies of England
Companies based in Chorley
1883 establishments in England
1982 disestablishments in England
British companies established in 1883
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1883


Magnet is a British kitchen retailer operating in over two hundred locations across the United Kingdom supplying products under the Magnet and Magnet Trade brands. The company has over 2,000 employees and its headquarters are in Darlington, County Durham.

Magnet was listed on the London Stock Exchange, and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, but is now part of Nobia UK, a division of the Nobia group which is listed on the Swedish Stock Exchange. The Nobia division also includes brands such as Gower and Norema.

History

Formation and early years
Magnet was established in Bingley, West Yorkshire in 1918 by Tom Duxbury. Legend has it that Duxbury traded his horse for a firelighting company and named his new company Magnet after the horse.  During the 1920s Magnet pioneered the mass production of joinery, door and window products and soon began supplying joinery components for major construction projects. New operations were opened in Keighley, Grays and Knaresborough to satisfy demand for the growing business.

1960s
In 1960, the company opened its first branch in Bingley. This concept of the company having their own outlets quickly develops in other towns in the United Kingdom.

1970s
Kitchen products were introduced in 1970, and soon after, a new factory in Darlington was established to manufacture joinery and kitchen furniture. In 1975, Magnet became Britain's largest manufacturer of joinery products with 115 branches. In 1975, Magnet merges with timber group Southern-Evans to form Magnet & Southerns. The combined business, following the merger, exceeded two hundred branches.

1980s

In 1984, Magnet & Southerns became a founder member of the FTSE-100 share index. The company continued to expand during the 1980s, with new manufacturing sites in Rotherham, Thornton, Penrith, Burnley and Deeside opened together with the acquisition of the Thomas Easthams kitchen business.

Seeing the growth of the burgeoning DIY sector, the company decided to move into the retail kitchen market, and opened its first retail kitchen showrooms in 1985. In March 1989, Magnet sold the Southern-Evans timber business in preparation for a £629m management buy out which took place the following year.

Soon after, difficulties in the economy in the United Kingdom led to a severe downturn in the housing market and a significant downturn in sales. Magnet, unable to pay its bankers, fought to remain cash positive to survive. In 1989, Tom Duxbury led a management buyout of the business. The buyout failed quite quickly and the banks took control of the business.

1990s

In 1990, separate Retail and Trade divisions were established to maximise customer service for these very different market sectors. Factories in Easthams, Thornton, Burnley, Deeside, Gillingham and Lincoln were closed, with work transferred to Darlington and Keighley. In March 1994, Berisford acquired the company and planned to re establish Magnet as the Number One Kitchen and Joinery company in the United Kingdom.

The company's financial performance stabilised, but a lack of investment and a long running industrial dispute meant that the company did not see any significant growth.

2000s
In April 2001, Magnet was acquired by Nobia, a Swedish-based kitchen company for £134m. Significant investments were made in the company, with a multimillion-pound showroom refurbishment programme and the introduction of the Trade Concept, an initiative to grow the company's market share in the trade channel. To support the increased demand for Magnet products, further investment was made in the Darlington site converting the manufacturing operation into a modern assemble to order facility.

Operations

Magnet

Magnet supplies kitchens to retail consumers via 170 showrooms. The company primarily targets the middle market, and offers kitchen designs together with a range of worktops, sinks and taps, electrical appliances and kitchen accessories.

In 2003, Magnet's retail showroom concept won Best UK Retail Interior by Retail Interiors Magazine, and has subsequently refurbished the majority of its estate in line with this footprint. Magnet was the first national kitchen retailer to achieve Trustmark accreditation, a scheme designed to drive out the cowboys in the home improvement sector.

Magnet Trade

Magnet Trade sells only to registered trade customers through its network of 159 branches. The majority of customers are local tradesmen such as joiners, builders and kitchen fitters. Magnet Trade also supplies organisations in the RSL sector such as Local Authorities and Housing associations.

Alongside a kitchen offering (cabinets, appliances, worktops, sinks & taps), the company supplies joinery (Doors, Windows, Timber, Wood flooring, Hardware). Products are supplied from stock held on site in the branch warehouse. Free kitchen planning, made to measure timber window ordering and local delivery services are also offered.

Magnet Trade has a separate in store environment and brand identity, to clearly differentiate it from the retail business.

Mixed sites

The majority of Magnet branches have both a trade and retail presence in the same building. There are separate entrances for each different customer group, which are clearly designated.

See also

 Nobia

References

External links
 Magnet Retail
 Magnet Trade

Kitchen manufacturers
Furniture retailers of the United Kingdom
Retail companies established in 1918
Companies based in County Durham
British brands
Manufacturing companies established in 1918
1918 establishments in England


Bhaskaran Ramprakash (born 18 December 1966 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India) is a retired Indian first class cricketer, who played for Kerala. He was a right arm off-break bowler and a right-handed middle order batsman. He played 64 first class matches, and took 233 wickets including 16 five wicket hauls. He also scored 2489 runs including a century.

References

External links
Cricinfo profile

1966 births
Living people
Kerala cricketers
Indian cricketers
South Zone cricketers


Southern Cemetery is a large municipal cemetery in Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester, England,  south of the city centre. It opened in 1879 and is owned and administered by Manchester City Council. It is the largest municipal cemetery in the United Kingdom and the second largest in Europe.

History
Manchester Southern Cemetery was originally laid out on a  plot of land, that cost Manchester Corporation £38,340 in 1872. Its cemetery buildings were designed by architect H. J. Paull and its layout attributed to the city surveyor, James Gascoigne Lynde. The cemetery was consecrated by the Bishop of Manchester,  Bishop James Fraser on 26 September 1879, and formally opened on 9 October 1879 by the Mayor of Manchester, Charles Grundy.

Within the cemetery mortuary chapels were erected for Anglicans, Nonconformists, and Roman Catholics, linked by an elliptical drive, and a Jewish chapel at the west corner of the site. The original cemetery is registered by English Heritage in the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens for its historic interest and the mortuary chapels and other structures are listed buildings. The site was expanded by the purchase of  on the opposite side of Nell Lane in 1926, the first section of which opened in 1943. Some of the 1926 purchase has been developed for housing and some is occupied by allotments.
The main area of the cemetery is located to the north of Barlow Moor Road and to the west of the A5103 Princess Road; its northwards extension is on Nell Lane bought by the council in 1926. Its layout complements the original cemetery. A war memorial commemorates Allied servicemen who died in the two world wars.

In 2009, in what was described as a racially motivated attack, up to 20 Muslim graves were vandalised.

Structures

The grade II listed registrar's office near the entrance gateway was built in 1879 in the neo-Gothic style in sandstone with slate roofs. Three service chapels are located in Southern Cemetery, only one of which is currently used for funeral services. The remaining two chapels are semi-derelict.

A remembrance lodge was created in the cemetery, opened on 1 October 2008. It is situated at the main entrance on Barlow Moor Road and is for the use of families and friends wishing to pay their respects and remember loved ones.

Immediately adjacent to the northwest corner of the cemetery on Barlow Moor Road is Manchester Crematorium. It was formally opened on 22 August 1892 by Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster, and it was the second Crematorium to be established in the United Kingdom (the first was Woking Crematorium).

Notable burials and monuments

Manchester's first multi-millionaire, industrialist and philanthropist John Rylands, is buried in the cemetery. The Rylands memorial is the grandest in the cemetery, although part of the original structure was removed circa 1927 and the bronze railings were stolen circa 1967: his widow Enriqueta's ashes lie in the vault below. The graves of some of those associated with the firm of Rylands are nearby, including those of Reuben Spencer and William Carnelley.

Manchester's "Sherlock Holmes" Jerome Caminada (1844–1914) is buried there.

A Grade II listed monument in the form of a white marble Celtic cross commemorates Sir John Alcock who piloted the first non-stop trans-Atlantic aircraft flight from Newfoundland to Clifden Ireland in June 1919.

Sir Matt Busby, manager of Manchester United F.C. is buried in the cemetery, alongside his wife Lady Jean Busby who died in December 1988. Billy Meredith (1874–1958), who played for Manchester City F.C. and Manchester United, is buried here, as is Willie Satinoff, a racecourse owner who died in the Munich air disaster.

Ernest Marples, credited with overseeing the introduction of automatic dialling and motorways, is buried under a modest memorial.

Stretford-born artist L. S. Lowry was buried next to his parents in 1976. Also from the arts world are the graves of John Cassidy, the Irish sculptor and Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska, the Polish poet. Wilfred Pickles, the Yorkshire-born radio presenter, and his wife Mabel are buried together. Also buried here is the singer and actress Maud Boyd.

Factory Records founder Tony Wilson is buried in the cemetery, a headstone designed by Peter Saville and Ben Kelly was installed in October 2010. Rob Gretton (manager of Joy Division and New Order) and record producer Martin Hannett are also buried here.

Lesley Ann Downey and Edward Evans, two victims of the Moors murderers were buried here in the 1960s but Downey's grave was moved after vandals daubed its headstone with graffiti.

Monuments
A memorial to the victims of the Katyn massacre (the killing of 22,000 Polish nationals by the Soviet NKVD in 1940) is located next to Princess Parkway, in an area in which there are many Polish graves. It was unveiled in 1990.

A memorial commemorating the 1980 Tenerife Air Disaster, when Dan-Air charter flight 1008 flew into a hillside in Tenerife, killing all 146 on board, contains the names of the victims inscribed on slate tablets within a small grassed enclosure.

War memorials
Southern Cemetery contains two separate memorials commemorating the fallen in two world wars. The World War I Memorial is located on a triangular plot on the south side of the cemetery, near the main entrance on Barlow Moor Road, and features a stone Cross of Sacrifice and a screen wall bearing the names of the fallen and the inscription "Their name liveth for evermore". On the western side of the cemetery lies the World War II Memorial, which also contains a large stone Cross of Sacrifice and names inscribed on stone walls. This memorial also incorporates a Polish War Memorial to 17 Polish servicemen interred here, along with inscriptions of the names of casualties of both wars whose burials in other Manchester cemeteries and churchyards have been lost, and those whose remains were cremated.

War graves

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) register and maintain the war graves of 775 Commonwealth service personnel (including one unidentified) of the First World War and 475 (including 3 unidentified) of the Second. Many graves are scattered around the cemetery but some are clustered around each of the two war memorials, one for each war.

Two holders of the Victoria Cross – Major Henry Kelly (VC) (First World War award, died 1960) and Colour Sergeant John Prettyjohns (Crimean War award and the first to a Royal Marine, died 1887) – are buried in the cemetery.

Manchester-born Philip Baybutt, who received the Medal of Honor during the American Civil War, is buried there.

Cremations
Elizabeth Wolstenholme Elmy (1833-1918), suffragist.

In Music
The Smiths song Cemetry Gates from their 1986 The Queen Is Dead album was loosely written about Southern Cemetery. The band’s lead singer Morrissey, would often walk through the Cemetery in his youth.

See also

 Listed buildings in Manchester-M21

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Genuki account of Southern Cemetery
 Database of burials at various cemeteries operated by Manchester City Council, including Southern Cemetery

Cemeteries in Manchester
Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries in England


The Kugaryuagmiut are a geographically defined Copper Inuit band in the northern Canadian territory of Nunavut, on the mainland, in Kitikmeot Region. According to Arctic explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson's 1908-1912 ethnographic journals, they numbered about 25 at the time.  In the summer, they hunted in the region of the Kugaryuak River, which flows into the Coronation Gulf, where they subsisted during the winter, the same as other Copper Inuit of that region.

References

External links
 Photos, Geological Survey of Canada, of the area inhabited by the Kugaryuagmiut:
 Near the mouth of the river
 Marine delta along the river
 Bedrock gorge and marine beach plain
 Outwash delta

Copper Inuit


Mark Scheffel is an American politician and a former Majority Leader of the Colorado Senate. First elected to the Colorado State Senate as a Republican in 2008, Scheffel represented Senate District 4 in Douglas County, which encompasses Castle Rock, Larkspur, Parker, Franktown, and Castle Pines. Term limited, he did not run for re-election in the 2016 elections, so his term ended in January, 2017.

Biography
Mark Scheffel earned a bachelor's degree in finance from the University of Denver in 1982, then later a J.D. from John Marshall Law School in 1987 and an LL.M. in tax law from the New York University School of Law in 1998. A practicing business and tax attorney since 1989, he has worked as an attorney for his own firm, Reid and Scheffel, since 1993. In 2003 he was named Elbert County Attorney, a post that he held through 2008.

Active in the Douglas County Republican Party, he has served as a precinct committee person, district captain, chaired the Douglas County Republican GOTV effort and the bylaws committee of the Colorado Republican Party, and was chairman of the Douglas County Republican Party for two terms, from 2004 to 2007.

Scheffel has also served on the board of the Skycliff Stroke Center and on the citizen advisory board for The Wildlife Experience. He was a founding incorporator and charter director of Champion Bank. Scheffel and his wife Cheri reside with their four children in Parker, Colorado.

Legislative career

2016 legislative session

In his final legislative session as a State Senator, Majority Leader Mark Scheffel proved himself a champion for school safety with the passage of HB-1063 and SB-193. HB-1063 creates a safer learning environment for students and aids in the gathering of information that could potentially threaten the school, its staff or students. SB-193 provides a needed extension of the Safe2tell program. Safe2tell has successfully prevented security threats by allowing users to anonymously submit tips reporting concerns or threats to individuals or communities. In addition to school safety, Majority Leader Scheffel sponsored SB-183, creating a task force to study 911 call oversight and outage reliability.

2015 legislative session
In the 2015 Legislative Session, Majority Leader Mark Scheffel introduced Senate Bill 177, a bi-partisan measure to address construction defects. SB 177 would have forced homeowners associations (HOAs) to use arbitration or mediation before suing a developmental party where construction defects are an issue. The bill also included a provision to allow a judge to appoint an arbitrator or mediator where such a person had not been agreed upon by concerned parties, and would have required transparency by the HOA to housing unit owners. Additionally, Senator Scheffel sponsored SB 213 and SB 214, both school safety measures, and both signed by the Governor. He chaired the interim School Safety and Youth in Crisis Committee.

2014 legislative session
During the 2014 Session Senator Scheffel sponsored Senate Bill 183 which increases local governments' abilities to offer tax credits to companies that they are trying to attract or to growing companies that are considering moving to other states. Additionally, during the 2014 Legislative Session Senator Scheffel worked alongside a bipartisan group of legislators on a variety of bills regarding telecommunication reform. Senator Scheffel was the Senate co-sponsored House Bill 1327, which expanded the elopement of telecommunications networks in the state and House Bill 1329 which deregulate Internet-based services, such as Vonage and Skype. Senator Scheffel also championed the attempted modification of the Colorado Construction Defect Law.

2013 legislative session
Senator Scheffel was re-elected by the Senate Republican Caucus to serve as the Assistant Minority Leader for the 2013 legislative session. He was appointed to the Senate Education Committee, as well as the Legislative Council.

During the 2013 Senator Scheffel sponsored Senate Bill 13-176 which authorized the state treasurer to invest state moneys in debt obligations backed by the full faith and credit of the state of Israel. Additionally Senator Scheffel was the Senate Sponsor of House Bill 13-1177 which created a tax break for taxpayer's business personal property.

2012 election
During the 2012 elections, Scheffel faced no opposition during the primaries. In the general election, he opposed Democratic candidate Holly Gorman and Libertarian candidate Chris Grundermann, both of whom he defeated with 64.3% of the vote.

2012 legislative session
During the 2012 session, Senator Scheffel was appointed to the Finance and Judiciary Committees. In addition, he served on the Legislative Council due to his role as Assistant Minority Leader in the Republican Caucus.

An important piece of legislation Scheffel sponsored this year was SB12-157 which focused on the regulation of telecommunication services while also enacting the "Telecommunications Modernization Act of 2012". The bill, sponsored by a bipartisan group of legislators, sought to reduce service fees and increase broadband service to rural areas. Senator Scheffel said that the bill was "the result of more than a year of work on the part of the legislators and other government officials and agencies. The bill was assigned to the Senate Business, Labor, and Technology Committee, where it was passed and sent on the Senate Appropriations. However, in the Appropriations Committee, they could not agree on terms, and therefore the bill failed to pass and was postponed indefinitely.

2011 legislative session
In 2011, Scheffel was elected to act as the Assistant Minority Leader for the Colorado Senate Republican Caucus, following Senator Kopp's retirement that same year. He also sponsored several bills that year, most notably regarding business personal property taxes: SB11-026 and HB11-1141. However, both bills were killed in the Democratic-controlled Senate, and were postponed indefinitely in committee.

In addition, Scheffel was honored as the Independent Bankers 2011 Champion of Main Street Colorado Award, which recognizes state lawmakers who "understand, value, and champion local community banks and small businesses."

2010 legislative session
During this legislative session Senator Scheffel sponsored several bills, one of which focused on increasing the transparency in the use of gifts, grants, and donations to fund programs by state agencies. HB 10-1178 required that any state agencies that received such gifts would have to make annual reports to the General Assembly. The bill successfully passed through the legislature before it was sent to the Governor and signed to be enacted.

In addition, following the 2010 legislative session Scheffel was honored with the James T. Brubaker Legislative Award.

2009 legislative session
In November 2008, Scheffel was named to a special legislative Committee on Job Creation and Economic Growth, tasked with developing recommendations on bolstering Colorado's economy before the 2009 legislative session. Stemming from this interim committee, Senator Scheffel set his focus on bills during the 2009 legislative session regarding exemptions from property taxation for business personal property: SB09-085 created a task force to study the possibility, and HB09-1068 would have created such an exemption. Senate Bill 85 successfully passed through both the House and Senate before being signed by Governor Bill Ritter (politician); however, House Bill 1068 failed to pass through the House Finance committee before being postponed indefinitely.

2008 election
After incumbent Senator Tom Wiens announced in April 2008 that he would not run for a second term, Scheffel announced his candidacy for the seat; he had briefly sought the seat in 2004 before Wiens declared his candidacy. Scheffel defeated three other contenders — Ed Brewer, Mark Vanderbilt, and Randy Reed — to take 65 percent of the vote at the Republican district assembly in May, the only candidate to qualify for the ballot by the assembly process. Financial advisor and Air Force veteran Bob Denny petitioned onto the Republican primary ballot. During the primary campaign, Scheffel touted his experience as a tax attorney and familiarity as an asset in the legislature, but was outraised by Denny, who took in about $24,000 to Scheffel's $18,000. Scheffel was also endorsed by retiring U.S. Rep. Tom Tancredo. Mark Scheffel ultimately defeated Bob Denney in the contested Republican primary in August, taking 65 percent of votes cast.

Scheffel faced Democrat Joe Alsup in the November 2008 general election. Alsup's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post, but Scheffel won with 68 percent of the popular vote.

Legislative awards
 2015 Colorado Telecommunications Association Rural Broadband Leadership Award
 2014 Jewish Community Relations Council Legislative Appreciation Award
 2013 Colorado Association of Home-builders Defender of the American Dream Award
 2013 APEX Technology Advocate of the Year
 2012 Economic Development Council of Colorado Legislator of the year
 Colorado Mortgage Lenders Association Legislator of the Year
 2009–2012 Independent Bankers Association Champion of Main Street Colorado

References

1969 births
Republican Party Colorado state senators
Living people
People from Parker, Colorado
21st-century American politicians


USS Wanaloset, also spelled USS Wanalosett, was a proposed United States Navy screw  sloop-of-war or steam frigate that appears never to have been laid down.

Wanaloset was a wooden-hulled bark-rigged (or ship-rigged) Contoocook-class screw sloop-of-war or steam frigate with a single funnel scheduled to be built at Baltimore, Maryland, by the firm of Hazelhurst and Wiegard. Although carried on the Navy List of January 1865, she was one of six units of her class that were cancelled; her keel apparently never was laid down and her hull certainly never was built. Her engines, however, were completed, and they were installed in the screw steamer  .

The name Wanaloset was dropped from the Navy List about 1867.

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Sailing frigates of the United States Navy
Cancelled ships of the United States Navy
Ships built in Baltimore
Steam frigates


Foxes are dog-like omnivorous mammals.

Foxes or The Foxes may also refer to:

Arts and entertainment
 Foxes (film), a 1980 American teen drama
 The Foxes (Marc), a 1913 painting by Franz Marc
 The Foxes, a 1961 television pilot with Joan Crawford

Music
 Foxes (soundtrack), the soundtrack of the teen film
 Foxes (singer) (born 1989), British singer-songwriter
 The Foxes (band), a London-based indie rock group formed in 2006

Sports
 Leicester City F.C., an English professional football club nicknamed The Foxes
Marist Red Foxes, the athletic teams of Marist College, New York

See also
 The Foxes of Firstdark or Hunter's Moon, a 1989 novel by English fantasy author Garry Kilworth

 The Fox (disambiguation)
 Fox (disambiguation)


Wanaloset or Wanalosett may refer to:

People
A variant spelling of Wonalancet (ca. 1619-1697), a Native American leader

Ships
USS Wanaloset (1865), also spelled USS Wanalosett, a United States Navy sloop-of-war of 1865 that appears never to have been laid down and for which only the engines were completed


Nanchangosaurus is an extinct genus of aquatic reptiles native to the middle Triassic of China. It was named after the area in China, Nanchang, where it was found. It was about more than  in length, and probably fed on fish or used its long jaws to probe for aquatic invertebrates. It resembled the ichthyosaurs in build, and may be related to them.

Description

Nanchangosaurus resembled a cross between an ichthyosaur and a crocodilian. It had a fusiform body, similar to a dolphin or an ichthyosaur, paddle-like limbs, with forelimbs being larger than hindlimbs, and a crocodilian-like tail for swimming through the water. It had bony scutes on its back, like an alligator, but had a long snout filled with teeth, like an ichthyosaur or a river dolphin.

Classification

Nanchangosaurus is a member of the Hupehsuchia, a group that includes the very similar Hupehsuchus. In fact, the two may be congeneric. A few differences between the two species are seen. Hupehsuchus had heavier armor and more divided ridge spines than the two. Other than Hupehsuchus,  little else is known about Nanchangosaurus relatives. They have sometimes been referred to as ancestors of the ichthyosaurs, because of their streamlined shape, long jaws, and paddle-like hands, as well as the discovery of polydactyly in the fins of Hupehsuchus, just like the ichthyosaurs. However, a gap in the skulls suggests that they may be related to archosaurs, instead. Some people even put them in the Eosuchia, a group of early diapsid reptiles.

See also
 List of ichthyosaurs
 Timeline of ichthyosaur research

References

 The World Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Creatures by Dougal Dixon

Triassic ichthyosauromorphs
Middle Triassic reptiles of Asia
Aquatic reptiles
Ichthyosauromorph genera
Fossil taxa described in 1959
Hupehsuchians


Joyce Foster
(born February 13, 1944) is a former state legislator in the U.S. state of Colorado. Elected to the Colorado State Senate as a Democrat in 2008, Foster represented Senate District 35, which encompassed southeastern Denver, Colorado.

Legislative career

2008 election

Joyce Foster defeated State Representative Alice Borodkin in the contested Democratic primary in August, taking 71 percent of votes cast.

Foster faced Republican Bob Lane in the November 2008 general election. Foster's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post, and she won the race with 68 percent of the vote.

2009 legislative session

For the 2009 session of the Colorado General Assembly, Foster was named to seats on the Senate Business Committee and the Senate Local Government and Energy Committee, where she will serve as vice-chair.

During the 2009 session, Foster introduced legislation to require the Colorado Division of Wildlife to place a higher priority on predator control, after increasing numbers of coyote attacks south of Denver. The bill, however, was killed in committee due to concerns over its vagueness. Foster also introduced a resolution in support of the nation of Israel that was criticized by peace activists as reflecting a one-sided perspective on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

In May 2010 it was alleged that Sen. Foster had introduced an amendment to a bill concerning the registered sex offenders.  Multiple news media have reported that Julian Newman, Sen. Foster's brother-in-law, was involved with a consensual adult 21+ relationship with a client he was paid to treat.

Retirement
The 2011 reapportionment process that followed the 2010 census resulted in Foster's home being included in the same senate district as Pat Steadman's. Both Steadman and Foster are Democratic incumbents. Foster announced that she would defer to Steadman and not seek reelection in 2012.

References

Living people
Colorado state senators
Women state legislators in Colorado
1944 births
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
Jewish American state legislators in Colorado
21st-century American Jews


Silvia Alexandra Stroescu (born 8 May 1985 in Bucharest, Romania) is a Romanian artistic gymnast. She is an Olympic, world, and European gold medalist with the team.

Early life and career
She was one of the most successful junior gymnast of her generation. The major achievements of her junior years were the win of the prestigious Top Gym Trophy (1998) and of four medals (two gold and two silver) at the 2000 Junior European Gymnastics Championships.  At these championships she won gold on floor (9.725), tied for gold on balance beam with Sabina Cojocar (9.6), earned a share of the Romanian team's silver medal, and placed second all-around (37.973) behind teammate Sabina Cojocar. Initially, Stroescu did not qualify for the all around event due to the two-per-country rule, having achieved the third qualification score among her teammates. But, in the all around final she replaced  Carmen Ionescu who withdrew in her favor.

Senior career
Her senior debut at a major international event was at the 2001 World Championships. Here she contributed to Romania's sixth team title by competing on beam and uneven bars. Individually, she placed eleventh all around and seventh on floor. Later that year she won the mixed pair Swiss Cup event together with Marian Drăgulescu.
In the period 2002–2003 she did not make the team for major international events but she competed at the national championships and at some friendly international competitions.
After being sidelined for two years, she joined the team for the 2004 European Championships where she contributed to the team title. Just weeks before the 2004 Olympic Games she decided to give up gymnastics being disappointed for not making the Olympic team. However, her disappointment was short lived and she returned to replace injured Aura Munteanu. Stroescu went to Athens and was part of an immensely successful Romanian women's gymnastics team (four golds, one silver and one bronze in six events) that also included Oana Ban, Monica Roșu, Cătălina Ponor, Daniela Sofronie and Alexandra Eremia. Though the team members were less experienced than most of their rivals, the Romanians hit every routine to take the team gold by a comfortable margin. World champions USA were second, and the Russians, led by Svetlana Khorkina, took the bronze.

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Gymnasts from Bucharest
Romanian female artistic gymnasts
Gymnasts at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic gymnasts for Romania
Olympic gold medalists for Romania
Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
Originators of elements in artistic gymnastics
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
European champions in gymnastics
21st-century Romanian women


Guy Clark – Greatest Hits is a compilation album by Texas singer-songwriter Guy Clark.

Track listing
All songs written by Guy Clark except where noted.
 "Texas Cookin'" – 3:50
 "Desperados Waiting for the Train" – 4:31
 "L.A. Freeway" – 4:43
 "She Ain't Goin' Nowhere" – 3:27
 "A Nickel for the Fiddler" – 2:45
 "Broken Hearted People" – 4:45
 "Texas – 1947" – 3:10
 "Let Him Roll" – 4:05
 "The Last Gunfighter Ballad" – 2:51
 "Rita Ballou" – 2:49

Personnel
Guy Clark – vocals, guitar
Mike Leach – bass
Jerry Kroon – drums
Larrie Londin – drums
Chip Young – guitar
Pat Carter – guitar
Steve Gibson – guitar
Jerry Carrigan – drums
 Dick Feller – guitar
Jim Colvard – guitar
Reggie Young – guitar
Hal Rugg – dobro
Jack Hicks – dobro
Hal Rugg – pedal steel guitar
Chuck Cochran – piano
Shane Keister – piano
Johnny Gimble –  fiddle
Mickey Raphael – harmonic
Lea Jane Berinati – background vocals, piano
Rodney Crowell – background vocals
Emmylou Harris – background vocals
Pat Carter – background vocals
Gary B. White – background vocals
Florence Warner – background vocals
Steve Earle – background vocals
Sammi Smith – background vocals
Brian Ahern – guitar
David Briggs – clarinet, piano, keyboards, clavinet, background vocals
Chuck Cochran – piano
Charlie Bundy – bass, background vocals
Susanna Clark – background vocals
Sammi Smith – background vocals
Hoyt Axton – background vocals
Tracy Nelson – background vocals
Nicolette Larson – background vocals
Pete Grant – dobro, pedal steel guitar
Jack Hicks – banjo
Chris Laird – drums, percussion, finger cymbals
Mike Leech – bass, string arrangements
Waylon Jennings – guitar, harmony vocals
Steve Keith – fiddle
Chips Moman – guitar
Danny Roland – guitar, background vocals
Tommy Williams – fiddle
Byron Bach – cello
Jerry Jeff Walker – guitar, background vocals

1983 greatest hits albums
Guy Clark compilation albums
RCA Records compilation albums


The Entrance Road at Devils Tower National Monument, officially known as Wyoming Highway 110, is a  scenic road that provides the approach to the Devil's Tower eminence, affording planned views to arriving visitors.

Route description

The Wyoming Highway 110 designation is a short  roadway that starts its at Wyoming Highway 24 and travels west to the Devils Tower National Monument Entrance. Mileposts along WYO 110 increase from east to west.

The entrance road is a  long, two-lane, asphalt paved road that spans the distance between the Entrance Station and the visitor parking area located just west of Devil's Tower. The road provides access to the monument's primary developed areas, such as headquarters and visitor center.

History
The road was originally constructed in 1917 with an eight percent grade and a ford at the Belle Fourche River. A bridge was built in 1928, and the road was extensively altered in the 1930s with labor from the Civilian Conservation Corps, improving grades and alignments. CCC camp NM-1 remained at Devil's Tower from 1935 to 1938. A complete loop was planned by the National Park Service Engineering Division in 1927, but was never carried out. The entrance road at Devils Tower is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as an example of close integration with the natural surroundings.

Much of the CCC work involved realignment of the existing road and the careful obliteration of the old alignment, using young trees and sod stockpiled during construction of the new alignment.

Major intersections

See also

 Entrance Station (Devils Tower National Monument)
 Old Headquarters Area Historic District
 Tower Ladder (Devils Tower National Monument)

References

External links

National Park Service Devils Tower First Fifty Years: The Early Years
Devils Tower Entrance Road at Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office

National Register of Historic Places in Devils Tower National Monument
Roads on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming
Transportation in Crook County, Wyoming
Civilian Conservation Corps in Wyoming
1917 establishments in Wyoming
National Park Service rustic in Wyoming


Elections for local government were held in Northern Ireland on 5 May 2005, contesting 582 seats in all, along with the 2005 general election across the entire United Kingdom and local elections in England.

Results

By council

Councils

Antrim

Ards

Armagh

Ballymena

Ballymoney

Banbridge

Belfast

Carrickfergus

Castlereagh

Coleraine

Cookstown

Craigavon

Derry

Down

Dungannon

Fermanagh

Larne

Limavady

Lisburn

Magherafelt

Moyle

Newry and Mourne

Newtownabbey

North Down

Omagh

Strabane

References

2005
Local elections
Local elections


WDUM-LD, virtual channel 41 (UHF digital channel 16), is a low-power television station licensed to serve Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The station is owned by HC2 Holdings.

In June 2013, the then-WNAI-LP was slated to be sold to Landover 5 as part of a larger deal involving 51 other low-power television stations. Mako Communications sold its stations, including WDUM-LD, to HC2 Holdings in 2017.

Digital channels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:

References

External links
HSN website

DUM-LP
Television channels and stations established in 2002
2002 establishments in New Jersey
DUM-LD


Back O'Loch Halt railway station on the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway built Campsie Branch served part of Kirkintilloch in Scotland.

History
Opened by the London and North Eastern Railway to counter growing road competition, the timber built station passed to the Scottish Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948, and was then closed by the British Railways Board on 7 September 1964.

The site today
The station site was still visible but all traces have been removed as a result of the construction of the Kirkintilloch link road which opened in late 2010.  At this section the link road follows the route of the Campsie Branch and utilises much of the original cuttings and embankments.

References

Notes

Sources

 Back O'Loch Halt on navigable 1946 O. S. map The southerly of the two Kirkintilloch stations
 Back O' Loch Halt on Geograph

External links
 Photographs of Campsie Branch including the halt
 RAILSCOT Back O' Loch Halt

Disused railway stations in East Dunbartonshire
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1925
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1964
Former London and North Eastern Railway stations
Beeching closures in Scotland


Daybrook is an unincorporated community in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States. It is situated at a crossroads of West Virginia Route 218 at an altitude of .

Unincorporated communities in Monongalia County, West Virginia
Unincorporated communities in West Virginia


The 21st Annual European Film Awards took place on 6 December 2008 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Winners and nominees

Best European Actor
  Toni Servillo – Gomorrah (Gomorra) and Il Divo
 Michael Fassbender – Hunger
 Thure Lindhardt and Mads Mikkelsen –  Flame & Citron (Flammen & Citronen)
 James McAvoy – Atonement
 Jürgen Vogel – The Wave (Die Welle)
 Elmar Wepper – Cherry Blossoms (Kirschblüten – Hanami)

Best European Actress
  Kristin Scott Thomas – I've Loved You So Long (Il y a longtemps que je t'aime)
 Hiam Abbass – Lemon Tree
 Arta Dobroshi – The Silence of Lorna (Le silence de Lorna)
 Sally Hawkins – Happy-Go-Lucky
 Belen Rueda – The Orphanage (El orfanato)
 Ursula Werner – Cloud 9 (Wolke Neun)

Best European Composer
  Max Richter – Waltz with Bashir (Vals im Bashir)
  – Moscow, Belgium (Aanrijding in Moscou)
 Dario Marianelli – Atonement
 Fernando Velázquez – The Orphanage (El orfanato)

Best European Director
  Matteo Garrone – Gomorrah (Gomorra)
 Laurent Cantet – The Class (Entre les murs)
 Andreas Dresen – Cloud 9 (Wolke Neun)
 Ari Folman – Waltz with Bashir (Vals im Bashir)
 Steve McQueen – Hunger
 Paolo Sorrentino – Il Divo

Best European Film

Best European Screenwriter
 Maurizio Braucci, Ugo Chiti, Gianni di Gregorio, Matteo Garrone, Massimo Gaudioso and Roberto Saviano – Gomorrah (Gomorra)
Suha Arraf and Eran Riklis – Lemon Tree
Ari Folman – Waltz with Bashir
Paolo Sorrentino – Il Divo

European Film Awards ceremonies
2008 film awards
Culture in Copenhagen
2008 in Europe


Steven Levitsky (born January 17, 1968) is an American political scientist and Professor of Government at Harvard University. A comparative political scientist, his research interests focus on Latin America and include political parties and party systems, authoritarianism and democratization, and weak and informal institutions. He is notable for his work on competitive authoritarian regimes and informal political institutions.

At Harvard, Levitsky also serves on the Executive Committees of both the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies.

Education
Levitsky received a B.A. in political science from Stanford University in 1990 and a Ph.D., also in political science, from the University of California, Berkeley in 1999.

Academia

Career
After obtaining his Ph.D. in 1999, Levitsky was a visiting fellow at the University of Notre Dame's Kellogg Institute for International Studies.

He joined Harvard University as Assistant Professor of Government in 2000. There, he went on to serve as the John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Social Sciences (2004-2008) before receiving tenure as Professor of Government in 2008. At Harvard, Levitsky also sits on the Executive Committees of the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies.
Levitsky is an advisor to several student organizations, including the Harvard Association Cultivating Inter-American Democracy (HACIA Democracy).

Work
Levitsky is known for his work with University of Toronto professor Lucan Way on "competitive authoritarian" regimes, that is, hybrid government types in which, on the one hand, democratic institutions are generally accepted as the means to obtaining and exercising political power, but, on the other hand, incumbents violate the norms of those institutions so routinely, and to such an extent, that the regime fails to meet basic standards for democracy; under such a system, incumbents almost always retain power, because they control and tend to use the state to squelch opposition, arresting or intimidating opponents, controlling media coverage, or tampering with election results. Writing about the phenomenon in 2002, Levitsky and Way named Serbia under Slobodan Milošević and Russia under Vladimir Putin as examples of such regimes.

In 2018, Levitsky published How Democracies Die with fellow Harvard professor Daniel Ziblatt. The book examines the conditions that can lead democracies to break down from within, rather than due to external events such as military coups or foreign invasions. How Democracies Die received widespread praise. It spent a number of weeks on The New York Times Best Seller list and six weeks on the non-fiction bestseller list of the German weekly Der Spiegel. The book was recognized as one of the best nonfiction books of 2018 by the Washington Post, Time, and Foreign Affairs. Levitsky and Ziblatt have also co-authored numerous opinion articles on American democracy in the New York Times.

Levitsky is also an expert on the Nicaraguan revolution.

Personal life
He is married to Liz Mineo, a Peruvian journalist graduated from National University of San Marcos and Columbia University, who currently works at The Harvard Gazette. Levitsky lives with his wife and daughter in Brookline, Massachusetts. He is Jewish.

Selected bibliography

Journal articles

 2009. “Variation in Institutional Strength: Causes and Implications” (with María Victoria Murillo). Annual Review of Political Science. 12: 115-133.
 2007. "Organizacion Informal de los Partidos en America Latina" [Informal Party Organization in Latin America] (with Flavia Freidenberg). Desarrollo Económico (Argentina) 46, No. 184: 539-568.
 2007. “Linkage, Leverage and the Post-Communist Divide” (with Lucan A. Way). East European Politics and Societies 27, No. 21: 48-66.
 2006. “The Dynamics of Autocratic Coercive Capacity after the Cold War” (with Lucan Way). Communist and Post-Communist Studies 39, No. 3: 387-410.
 2006. “Organized Labor and Democracy in Latin America” (with Scott Mainwaring). Comparative Politics 39, No. 1 (October): 21-42.
 2006. “Linkage versus Leverage: Rethinking the International Dimension of Regime Change” (with Lucan Way). Comparative Politics 38, No. 4 (July): 379-400.
 2005. “International Linkage and Democratization” (with Lucan Way). Journal of Democracy. 16, No. 3 (July): 20-34.
 2004. “Informal Institutions and Comparative Politics: A Research Agenda” (with Gretchen Helmke). Perspectives on Politics 2, No. 4 (December): 725-740.
 2003. “Argentina Weathers the Storm” (with M. Victoria Murillo). Journal of Democracy 14, No. 4 (October): 152-166.
 2003. “From Labor Politics to Machine Politics: The Transformation of Party-Union Linkages in Argentine Peronism, 1983-99.” Latin American Research Review 38, No. 3: 3-36. [Also published in Desarrollo Económico, Argentina]
 2003. “Explaining Populist Party Adaptation in Latin America: Environmental and Organizational Determinants of Party Change in Argentina, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela” (with Katrina Burgess). Comparative Political Studies 36, No. 8 (October): 859-880.
 2003. “Democracy without Parties? Political Parties and Regime Change in Fujimori's Peru” (with Maxwell Cameron). Latin American Politics and Society 45, No. 3 (Fall): 1-33. [Also published in Instituciones y Desarrollo, Spain]
 2002. “Elections Without Democracy: The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism” (with Lucan Way). Journal of Democracy 13, No. 2 (April): 51-66. [Also published in Estudios Políticos, Columbia, Vol. 24, July 2004]
 2001. “Organization and Labor-Based Party Adaptation: The Transformation of Argentine Peronism in Comparative Perspective.” World Politics 54, No. 1 (October): 27-56.
 2001. “Inside the Black Box: Recent Studies of Latin American Party Organizations.” Studies in Comparative International Development 36, No. 2 (summer): 92-110.
 2001. “An ‘Organized Disorganization’: Informal Organization and the Persistence of Local Party Structures in Argentine Peronism.” Journal of Latin American Studies 33, No. 1 (February): 29-66. [Also published in Revista de Ciencias Sociales, Argentina, October 2001]
 2000. “The ‘Normalization’ of Argentine Politics.” Journal of Democracy 11, No. 2 (April): 56-69.
 1999. “Fujimori and Post-Party Politics in Peru.” Journal of Democracy 10, No. 3 (July): 78-92.
 1998. “Crisis, Party Adaptation, and Regime Stability in Argentina: The Case of Peronism, 1989-1995.” Party Politics 4, No. 4: 445-470. [Also published in Revista de Ciencias Sociales, Argentina, September 1997]
 1998. “Between a Shock and a Hard Place: The Dynamics of Labor-Backed Adjustment in Argentina and Poland” (with Lucan Way). Comparative Politics 30, No. 2 (January): 171-192.
 1998. “Institutionalization and Peronism: The Case, the Concept, and the Case for Unpacking the Concept.” Party Politics 4, No. 1 (January): 77-92.
 1997. “Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research” (with David Collier), World Politics 49, No. 3 (April): 430-51. [Also published in Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica,  December 1997; Agora, Buenos Aires, January 1998; and La Politica, Barcelona, October 1998]
 1991. “FSLN Congress: A Cautious First Step.” Journal of Communist Studies 7, No. 4 (December): 539-544.

Books

 2023 Tyranny of the Minority: Why American Democracy Reached the Breaking Point. (with Daniel Ziblatt). New York. Crown.
 2022. Revolution and Dictatorship: The Violent Origins of Durable Authoritarianism. (with Lucan Way). Princeton University Press.
 2018. How Democracies Die. (with Daniel Ziblatt). New York: Crown. . – NDR Kultur Sachbuchpreis 2018; Goldsmith Book Prize 2019
 2010. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. (with Lucan A. Way). New York: Cambridge University Press. .
 2006. Informal Institutions and Democracy: Lessons from Latin America. (edited with Gretchen Helmke). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. .
 2005. Argentine Democracy: The Politics of Institutional Weakness. (edited with M. Victoria Murillo). University Park: Penn State University Press. .
 2003. Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America: Argentine Peronism in Comparative Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press. . [Published in Spanish as Transformación del Justicialismo: Del Partido Sindical al Partido Clientelista. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI, 2005]

References

External links
http://scholar.harvard.edu/levitsky
Elections without Democracy: The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism by Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way (2002)

1968 births
People from Brookline, Massachusetts
American political scientists
American political philosophers
Populism scholars
Harvard University faculty
Stanford University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Living people
Jewish American academics
American people of Russian descent
21st-century American Jews
Ithaca High School (Ithaca, New York) alumni


"Suddenly" is a song from 1985 co-written and performed by UK-based singer Billy Ocean. Co-written and produced by Keith Diamond, it is the title track to Ocean's 1984 breakthrough album.

Released as the third single from the album (following the success of "Caribbean Queen" and "Loverboy"), the ballad became the album's most successful single in the UK, reaching number four on the UK Singles Chart in mid-1985. The song also reached the same chart peak on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the US, spending two weeks at number four in June of that year. It peaked at number five on the Billboard R&B chart and spent two weeks at number one on the Billboard adult contemporary chart.

Music video
The music video features Billy Ocean appearing to perform the song live before an audience.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

See also
List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 1985 (U.S.)

References

1985 singles
Billy Ocean songs
Soul ballads
Songs written by Billy Ocean
1984 songs
1980s ballads
Songs written by Keith Diamond (songwriter)
Jive Records singles


Stow St. Mary Halt railway station was a halt that served the village of Stow Maries, Essex.

It was opened on 24 September 1928 by the London and North Eastern Railway on the single-track branch line (Engineer's Line Reference WFM) that the Great Eastern Railway had opened on 1 October 1889 linking Woodham Ferrers to Maldon East. The station served the village of Stow Maries, but the station was named differently supposedly on the insistence of the vicar.

It was closed in September 1939 but the line remained in use for goods traffic until 1959 or 1953. It is now Stow Maries Halt nature reserve, which is managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust.

References

External links
 Stow St Mary Halt on navigable old O. S. map

Disused railway stations in Essex
Former London and North Eastern Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1928
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1939


Ian Curley (born 1 July 1972) is a British racing driver, probably best known for his brief time in the 2005 British Touring Car Championship season. Previously he raced in the 2004 Renault Clio Cup, having a successful season with two race wins and a final point standing of fifth. He stepped up to the BTCC the next year with a drive in a Lexus IS200 for the HPI Racing with Friends Reunited team. The car was uncompetitive and well off the pace of the front running teams. He only had the funding for selected races through the season and finished down in seventeenth in a field of just eighteen drivers with three points.

Racing record

Complete British Touring Car Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position - 1 point awarded in first race) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap - 1 point awarded all races) (* signifies that driver lead race for at least one lap - 1 point awarded all races)

External links
 Official BTCC 2005 standings.
 BTCC Pages profile.

1972 births
Living people
English racing drivers
British Touring Car Championship drivers
Renault UK Clio Cup drivers
Mini Challenge UK drivers


Belle Glade State Municipal Airport  is a public-use airport located  northeast of the central business district of the city of Belle Glade in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. The airport is publicly owned.

References

External links

Airports in Palm Beach County, Florida


The Aşiyan Asri Cemetery () is a burial ground situated on Aşiyan between the Bebek and Rumelihisarı neighborhoods of the European part of Istanbul, Turkey.

Many renowned intellectuals, writers and artists rest in this small cemetery, which has a panoramic view of the Bosporus.

Notable burials
Listed by year of death:
 19th century
 Ahmet Vefik Paşa (1823–1891), grand vezir, historian, linguist
 20th century
 Tevfik Fikret (1867–1915), poet
 Nigâr Hanım (1856–1918), poet
 Ziya Songülen (1886–1936), founder and first president of Fenerbahçe Sports Club
 Ömer Fahreddin Pasha (1868–1948), Ottoman  military leader and governor of Medina
 Orhan Veli Kanık (1914–1950), poet
 Yahya Kemal Beyatlı (1884–1958), poet
 Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901–1962), novelist
 Ulviye Sultan (1892–1967), Ottoman princess
 Rukiye Sabiha Sultan (1894–1971), third daughter of Ottoman Empire's last sultan Mehmed VI and his first wife Nazikeda Kadın
 Adalet Cimcoz (1910–1970), voice actress, art curator, critic, translator, gossip columnist
 Hilmi Ziya Ülken (1901–1974), scholar and writer
 Tevfik Rüştü Aras (1883–1972) Minister of Foreign Affairs and diplomat
 Gündüz Kılıç (1919–1980) football player and coach
 Münir Nurettin Selçuk (1900–1981), musician, tenor singer
 Curt Kosswig (1903–1982), German zoology and genetics professor
 Tezer Özlü (1943–1986), writer
 Sadi Irmak (1904–1990), academician, prime minister (1974–1975)
 Tarık Zafer Tunaya (1916–1991), lawyer, academician
 Abidin Dino (1913–1993), painter  (without headstone as wished by himself)
 Bedia Muvahhit (1896–1994), actress
 Cihat Arman (1919–1994), football player
 Mehmet Ali Aybar (1908–1995), politician
 Onat Kutlar (1936–1995), writer, poet, founder of Turkish Sinematek
 Hanzade Sultan (1923–1998), Ottoman princess
 21st century,
 Mina Urgan (1916–2000), academic, translator, writer and politician
 Fatma Neslişah Sultan (1921–2002), daughter of Princess Sabiha
 Avni Arbaş (1919–2003), painter
 Attila İlhan (1925–2005), poet, journalist
 Necla Sultan (1926–2006), Ottoman princess
 Feyyaz Berker (1925–2017), businessman
 Erdoğan Teziç (1936–2017), academic, jurist

 Güngör Uras (1933–2018), economist, journalist and author
 Yıldız Kenter (1928–2019), actress
 Doğan Cüceloğlu (1938–2021), psychologist, nonfiction writer
 Tarhan Erdem (1933–2022), politician
 Ziya Şengül (1944–2023), footballer

External links

Cemeteries in Istanbul
Bosphorus
Beşiktaş
Sunni cemeteries


The representation of women in Athenian tragedy was performed exclusively by men and it is likely (although the evidence is not conclusive) that it was performed solely for men as well. The question whether or not women were admitted at theatre is widely contested and tends to polarise fronts. Even though Henderson excludes women from all public poetry: “drama, like all public poetry in the classical period, was written, produced and performed only by men, and the dramatic festivals were organized and controlled by the demos, the sovereign corporation of adult male citizens”, he does not rule out female spectators.

Archaeological evidence collected by Haigh and Lucas and more recently by Hughes seems to point to the direction that women were in fact admitted to tragedy, and probably even to comedy. Dover added that women, like children, foreigners and slaves, could take a seat only after male citizens were accommodated. As Hughes points out: “we ought to say we have no direct proof that women took part; there is only a massive absence of evidence, an historical vacuum.”

In a society that valued women’s silence, their predominance in the most public of Athenian art-forms constitutes a paradox. Only one of the surviving 32 plays has no female characters: Sophocles' Philoctetes. Female tragic choruses also outnumber the male choruses by twenty-one to ten.

Cultural stereotype
Macaria, in the Heracleidae states that "for a woman, silence and self control are best." The philosopher Xenophon thought females possessed the positive traits of 'vigilance' and 'love for infants'. However Xenophon reflects the Greek fear of these 'others', highlighting their irrationality, religious fervour and sexual passion. Aristotle went further, stating that women were deformed, incomplete males, designed to be subservient to men.

As a result, women had their freedom restricted and were believed to have lived in separate areas to men. In a speech recorded in the Lysias Orations 3.6, a speaker seeks to convey his opponent’s licentiousness by telling how he trespassed into "the women’s rooms where my sister and my nieces were – women who have always lived so decently that they are ashamed to be seen even by relatives." Sheila Murnaghan argues that "it is no accident that what little evidence we do have for actual Athenian women comes largely from courtroom speeches or medical treatises, genres brought into being by conflict and disease."

In Ancient Greece, a woman was viewed as a passive conduit of male fertility, on long term loan by her father.  Marriage was an unequal relationship, whereby the husband owned the children and didn’t have the same obligation toward sexual fidelity that the wife had.
The playwright Euripides presents two very different reactions to this cultural norm. Firstly, his female protagonist Alcestis, represents the "perfect wife" sacrificing her own life, so her husband, Admetos, can live. Yet as Blondell points out this "female fame is hard won, even oxymoronic" as her own marriage kills her.

The most important relationships within this play are between the men. Heracles goes to the underworld not for Alcestis, but to honour his male friend’s hospitality. Admetos goes against the promise he made to his wife, so as to obey his male friendship. "Alcestis drops out," Easterling argues, "to facilitate the interaction between the men."

In contrast, however, Euripides' Medea breaks the marital conventions, choosing her husband herself and reacting against his infidelity by breaking the female oath and killing her children. "In a sense," Blondell argues, "every bride was a stranger in a strange land. And every married woman was dependent on her husband."

Theatrical themes

The problem of male absence
In the surviving plays, women become tragic figures by men’s absence or mismanagement.

Sophocles' Antigone takes action after her uncle Creon refuses to bury her brother Polynices. In Aeschylus' Oresteia, Clytemnestra takes power in Argos because her husband Agamemnon has been away fighting at Troy for ten years. Clytemnestra's later murder of him is motivated by a range of male abuses. Medea becomes the aggressor when her husband Jason plans a new more advantageous marriage.

The public versus the private
There is also a theme running through the plays based on the setting. Performed in open-air theatres, Classical Athenian tragedy was set outside the private sphere of the home. Indeed, Euripides was notorious for "taking the streets, the bedroom, into tragedy" and thereby reducing its remoteness.

In Hippolytus, Phaedra first appears, carried out of the house by her servants, demanding open air, in order to declare her love for her stepson and thus the spiral of tragedy to unwind. In Aeschylus' Oresteia, Clytemnestra in the first play of the trilogy orders her husband's death outside, while in the second play, her son Orestes forces her into the house to be killed. It is only in the third play, which is in an entirely public space of the court of Areopagus, that order is restored. "This three play sequence," Bushnell argues, "which begins when a self-willed woman takes matters into her own hands, finally achieves closure as figures representing women are removed from view.'

The female warrior
A woman displaying traits of the heroic Grecian male was not portrayed in a positive light. Euripides' Medea is the prime example. Her name in Greek means "cunning" and is also the word for the Persians (the Greek’s greatest foreign enemy).

Most of the time, a woman is full of fear
Too weak to defend herself or to bear the sight of steel
But if she happens to be wronged in love,
Hers is the bloodthirstiest heart of all.

Ruby Blondell argues that Medea displays stereotypically male attributes that the Greeks held as positive. Possessing courage, intelligence, decisiveness, resourcefulness, power, independence, the ability to conceive and carry out a plan effectively, as well as the art of rhetoric. The nurse even likens her to a rock of the sea, as Patroclus famously does to Homer’s Achilles in the epic poem The Iliad. Yet Medea, similarly to Aeschylus’ Clytemnestra, another "woman with a heart of manly counsel" were not admired  but portrayed as "Cruella de Vil" type characters; Medea having murdered the King of the Corinthians, his daughter (Jason's new bride) and her two sons for the purpose of taking revenge on Jason.

So the declaration "that a noble man ought either to live with honour, or die with honour" does not apply to women.

Public reaction
In Plato’s Republic, Socrates thought the impersonation of inferiors, such as women and slaves, that drama utilised was morally harmful. Socrates was also worried "about the ethical damage caused by the representation of 'womanish' emotions in tragedy." Plato unsurprisingly excludes poetry, embodied by the figure of a woman, from his ideal city-state.

The Athenians however thought it important to place on "display those feature[s] of human experience that inspire terror, sorrow and rejection, and they accomplished their mission by giving women visibility and a powerful voice."

See also
Women in Classical Athens

References

Women
Athenian
Women in ancient Greece


Hiran Spagnol, sometimes known as just Hiran (born October 29, 1971), is a retired Brazilian professional football goalkeeper, who played for several Campeonato Brasileiro Série A clubs.

Career
Born on October 29, 1971, in Linhares, Espírito Santo, Hiran Spagnol started playing professionally in 1993, defending Linhares, winning that season's Campeonato Capixaba. In 1994, he joined Guarani, where he played 40 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A games, and scored with a header in 1996. In 1998, he was signed by Atlético Mineiro, leaving the club in 1999, then joining Santo André, where he scored with another header. He briefly played for Remo in 2000, moving in the same year to Internacional, where he played 35 Série A games. After leaving Internacional in 2001, in the following year, Hiran joined Ponte Preta, where he played 14 Série A games, then retired in 2004, after a car accident that broke his pelvis. After his retirement, he started a career as a goalkeeping coach.

List of goals scored

Following, is the list with the goals scored by Hiran:

Honours
Linhares EC
 Campeonato Capixaba: 1993

Aracruz
 Campeonato Capixaba: 2012

Colatina
 Campeonato Capixaba Série B: 2013

References

1971 births
People from Linhares
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Linhares Esporte Clube players
Guarani FC players
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
Esporte Clube Santo André players
Clube do Remo players
Sport Club Internacional players
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta players
Centro Educativo Recreativo Associação Atlética São Mateus players
Esporte Clube Aracruz players
Linhares Futebol Clube players
Living people
Footballers from Espírito Santo