Túrós csusza is a traditional Hungarian savoury curd cheese noodle dish made with small home-made noodles or pasta.

Traditionally, noodles used for this dish are home-made with flour and eggs, mixed into a dough, and torn by hand into uneven fingernail-sized pieces that are then boiled in water. Spaghetti, fusilli or large egg macaroni bows can also be used instead of the home-made noodles.

The noodles are cooked in salt water and drained, crumbled cheese (túró), chopped, fried, crispy bacon, topped with thick Hungarian sour cream (tejföl) and lightly salted.  The mixture is then heated in the oven for a few minutes before serving.

Other Hungarian pasta dishes

Savoury

Cabbage squares
Cabbage squares or cabbage and noodles is a savoury Hungarian pasta dish.

Macaroni bows or home-made thin pasta squares (like tiny lasagne) are boiled in salted water, drained, and mixed with some cooking oil or fat. The finely grated cabbage is slowly sautéed in a bowl with oil or fat, with salt, freshly ground black pepper and a pinch of sugar, until it becomes golden brown. The cabbage is then mixed into the hot pasta and served.

Sweet

Walnut pasta
Layers of pasta, jam and ground walnuts mixed with sugar, finished with noodles, are placed into a greased pan. The dish is heated in the oven for a short while and served hot.

Poppy seed pasta
Boil noodles in salted water. Sugar and ground poppy seeds are mixed and sprinkled on the hot noodles and served. This dish is also a Polish meal and a Polish Christmas dish.

See also

 List of pasta dishes

References

Pasta dishes
Noodle dishes
Bacon dishes
Cheese dishes
Hungarian cuisine
Baked foods


Cedric is a male given name.

Cedric may also refer to:

Cédric (comics), a Belgian comic strip
 Cedric (racehorse) (1821–1829), winner of the 1824 Derby
 Cedric (show jumping horse), gold medal winner at the 2008 Olympics
Cedric, Alabama
Nissan Cedric, a sedan car
RMS Cedric
Cédric Soares, a Portuguese football player


Kyriacos A. Athanasiou (; born 1960) is a Greek Cypriot-American bioengineer who has contributed significantly to both academic advancements as well as high-technology industries.  He is currently a Distinguished Professor at the University of California, Irvine. He joined UCI from the University of California, Davis where he also served as the Chair of the Biomedical Engineering department.  Before joining the University of California in 2009, he was the Karl F. Hasselmann Professor at Rice University.  He has published hundreds of scientific articles detailing structure-function relationships and tissue engineering approaches for articular cartilage, the knee meniscus, and the temporomandibular joint.

Early life and education
Athanasiou was born in Larnaca, Cyprus in 1960.  He went to Sotir Elementary School and St. George High School.  In 1978, he graduated valedictorian from high school and then joined the army for 26 months as part of his mandatory military duty.  During that time, he trained at an infantry cadet school eventually becoming a second lieutenant.  In August 1980, he came to the United States to attend college.  He spent his first year at Brescia College in Owensboro, Kentucky.  He then moved in with relatives in Long Island, New York.

Athanasiou received his bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering from New York Institute of Technology at Old Westbury in 1984. He then attended Columbia University where he obtained his master's degree in 1985, his Ph.M in 1987, and his Ph.D in 1989.

Research
Upon obtaining his Ph.D. in early 1989, Athanasiou became an assistant professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.  He became an associate professor in 1994.  He was recruited to Rice University as a full professor of bioengineering at the end of 1999. Athanasiou established a research group in bioengineering, specializing in the cartilages of the musculoskeletal system.  His group has worked extensively on cartilages of the musculoskeletal system both in terms of characterization but also in efforts to achieve healing or repair of the clinically complex problems of cartilage afflictions, including trauma and osteoarthritis.

Athanasiou and his colleagues published the book Articular Cartilage.  He published one of the first papers on the use of biodegradable scaffolds as carriers of growth factors to heal cartilage defects in vivo.  His group has directed its attention to tissue engineering the jaw joint disc (TMJ disc) and the knee meniscus, whose degradation is responsible for a large number of debilitating problems.  (TMJ disc degeneration and meniscus injuries result in arthritic-like diseases that strike otherwise healthy young adults.)  In addition to tissue-level work, Athanasiou has established a program to understand how single cartilage cells behave under direct and controlled biomechanical loads, not only in terms of deformation but also in terms of changes in gene expression.  This work represents the first measurement of gene levels at the single cell level under varying biomechanical conditions.  His group has also demonstrated the fabrication of entire sections of articular cartilage by self-assembly of cells, without the use of any scaffolds. Their group also demonstrated that hydrostatic pressure in conjunction with growth factors can have synergistic effects on the functional properties of engineered cartilage.  The biomechanical, histological, transcriptional, and biochemical properties of this engineered cartilage approach those of native articular cartilage.  More recently, the Athanasiou group showed the engineering of articular cartilage with biomechanical tensile properties on par with native tissue; the work was published in Nature Materials. In a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Athanasiou showed that the matrix of a number of musculoskeletal tissues can be crosslinked with exogenous methods using lysyl oxidase L2. In a paper published in Science, the Athanasiou group described why cartilage healing is so difficult.

High-technology companies
In addition to his academic accomplishments, Athanasiou is known for his significant contributions in co-founding fifteen companies based on technologies co-developed by his group. His first company Osteobiologics, founded in 1993, was based, among other inventions, on the development of acellular scaffolds for the treatment of focal cartilage lesions.  This was the first ever implant for this application.  The company was acquired by Smith & Nephew in 2006.  Another company co-founded by Athanasiou is Vidacare based on Athanasiou et al.'s patents on intraosseous infusion; this company was acquired by Teleflex Medical in 2013.

Service to the biomedical engineering profession
In the summer of 2002, Athanasiou was elected President of the Biomedical Engineering Society. He served as BMES President from 2003 through 2004. He has also served as editor-in-chief of the Society's flagship journal, the Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

Honors
Among other awards and recognitions, Athanasiou has been elected to the National Academy of Medicine and the National Academy of Inventors. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Biomedical Engineering Society.

References

External links
 Official website

1960 births
American people of Greek Cypriot descent
Living people
American bioengineers
People from Larnaca
New York Institute of Technology alumni
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Rice University faculty
University of California, Davis faculty
University of California, Irvine faculty
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
Fellows of the Biomedical Engineering Society
Members of the National Academy of Medicine
Engineers from California


Mangamma Sabatham () is a 1943 Indian Tamil-language film, starring Vasundhara Devi, Ranjan, N. S. Krishnan and T. A. Mathuram. The film was produced by S. S. Vasan and directed by T. G. Raghavachari, credited as Acharya. The film was remade in Hindi and Telugu as Mangala (1950 and 1951), in Sinhala as Mathalan (1955) and again in Telugu as Mangamma Sapatham (1965).

Plot

Mangamma, a village girl, is humiliated by a prince and vows to take revenge. She vows to make the prince marry her and have a child who would whip the prince in the court. However, her plans are almost foiled when the prince imprisons her when she tries to seduce him. The story revolves on how she tricks him into falling in love with her and begets a son through the prince who ultimately whips him in court.

Cast
Adapted from the song book:

Production
Mangamma Sabatham is the first film that N. S. Krishnan and T. A. Mathuram featured for Gemini Studios. Krishnan trained hard to do the tight-rope walking scene himself without using a double.

Soundtrack
Music was composed by S. Rajeswara Rao and M. D. Parthasarathy while the lyrics were penned by Papanasam Sivan and Kothamangalam Subbu.

Release and reception
Mangamma Sabatham was released on 30 July 1943. The Indian Express wrote that despite the lengthy running time, it was "a perfect artistic unit in every detail". According to historian Randor Guy, the film netted a profit of .

Remakes
Mangamma Sabatham was remade in Hindi in 1950 and Telugu in 1951, both titled Mangala. A Sinhala remake Mathalan was released in 1955. A second Telugu remake, Mangamma Sapatham, was released in 1965.

References

Bibliography

External links

1940s Tamil-language films
1943 films
Films scored by S. Rajeswara Rao
Gemini Studios films
Indian black-and-white films
Tamil films remade in other languages


The 2005 BMW Open was a men's Association of Tennis Professionals tennis tournament held in Munich, Germany. It was part of the 2005 ATP Tour and was classified as an International Series event. The tournament was played on outdoor clay courts and held from 25 April through 2 May 2005. First-seeded David Nalbandian won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 David Nalbandian defeated  Andrei Pavel 6–4, 6–1
 It was Nalbandian's 1st title of the year and the 3rd of his career.

Doubles

 Mario Ančić /  Julian Knowle defeated  Florian Mayer /  Alexander Waske 6–3, 1–6, 6–3
 It was Ančić's 1st title of the year and the 2nd of his career. It was Knowle's 1st title of the year and the 5th of his career.

References

External links
 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

BMW Open
BMW Open
Bavarian International Tennis Championships
BMW Open
BMW Open


Sir Ivan Neill, KBE, PC (1 July 1906 — 7 November 2001), was a British Army officer and Unionist politician from Northern Ireland.

Early life
Born in Belfast, Ireland, Neill studied at Ravenscroft National School and Shaftesbury Tutorial College before receiving a BSc in Economics from Queen's University, Belfast.  He ran a firm of building contractors in east Belfast before joining the Royal Engineers as an officer in 1939.  He served with the military until 1946, by which time he held the rank of major.

Political activity
In 1946, Neill was elected to Belfast Corporation as an Ulster Unionist Party member, and two years later, he became an alderman, serving until 1950.  At the 1949 Northern Ireland general election, he was elected for Belfast Ballynafeigh. In January 1950, he was made Minister of Labour, and was appointed to the Privy Council of Northern Ireland.  In this post, he sometimes spoke against his Government's policy – for example, against the 1956 Rent Bill which permitted landlords to increase rents in order to improve properties, while in 1958 he was rebuked for making a critical speech on economic policy.

He held the post until 1962, when he became Minister of Education, then in 1964 he moved to become Minister of Finance and Leader of the House of Commons.  He was stripped of the Leadership of the House the following spring, and resigned from the Government in April, feeling that he was being marginalised in favour of William Craig.

In 1964, Neill again took a seat as an alderman on Belfast Corporation, this time serving for six years. In December 1968, he returned to the Government as Minister of Development, then in March 1969, he was elected as the Speaker of the House of Commons.

The Official Irish Republican Army attempted to kidnap Neill from his house near Rostrevor, in October 1971.  They were unsuccessful, but in December, his house was burnt down in an arson attack.

The Parliament was prorogued in 1972. In March 1973, the British Government published its plans to replace the Parliament with the Northern Ireland Assembly. Neill resigned as a Member of Parliament and as Speaker. He was not replaced, and was therefore the last Speaker of the Parliament of Northern Ireland. He received a knighthood and withdrew from politics.

Personal life
Neill was married to Margaret with whom he had no children.

In 1995, Neill wrote an autobiography, Church and State. In this, he called on unionists to put aside their differences.

He was a frequent visitor to his local Baptist Church.

References

1906 births
2001 deaths
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
Members of Belfast City Council
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1949–1953
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1953–1958
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1958–1962
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1962–1965
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1965–1969
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1969–1973
Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland
Royal Engineers officers
Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland Cabinet ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland)
British Army personnel of World War II
Ministers of Finance of Northern Ireland
Speakers of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for Belfast constituencies


Killer's Carnival (, , ) is a 1966 crime film directed by Alberto Cardone and starring Stewart Granger.

Plot
A murderer takes refuge in a doctor's home, and the doctor tells him three stories in an attempt to convince him that crime doesn't pay.

Cast
 Stewart Granger as David Porter (Vienna segment)
 Lex Barker as Glenn Cassidy (San Francisco segment)
 Pierre Brice as Agent Brice (Rome segment)
 Karin Dor as Denise (San Francisco segment)
 Pascale Petit as Lotty (Vienna segment)
 Margaret Lee as Agent Linda (Rome segment)
 Walter Giller as Karl (Vienna segment)
 Johanna Matz as Monique Carrar (Vienna segment)
 Klaus Kinski as Gomez (San Francisco segment)
 Agnès Spaak as Nelly Small (San Francisco segment)
 Peter Vogel as Wendt, Suspected girls' killer
 Richard Münch as Professor Alden (Frame story)
 Carmen Cervera as Joana (San Francisco segment) (as Tita Barker)
 Allen Pinson as Ray Runner (San Francisco segment) (as Alan Pinson)
 Herbert Fux as Ganove (Vienna segment)
 Roberto Miali as Pessana (San Francisco segment) (as Jerry Wilson)
 Carla Calò as Female boss (Rome segment) (as Carrol Brown)
 Fortunato Arena as Taxi driver (Rome segment)
 Pietro Ceccarelli as Gangster #3 (Rome segment)
 Luciano Pigozzi as Ivan (Rome segment)

References

External links

Killer's Carnival at Variety Distribution

1966 films
1960s crime thriller films
1960s spy thriller films
1960s English-language films
English-language Austrian films
English-language French films
English-language Italian films
1960s French-language films
1960s Italian-language films
1960s German-language films
Films directed by Alberto Cardone
Films directed by Robert Lynn
Films directed by Sheldon Reynolds
Austrian detective films
French detective films
Italian detective films
French anthology films
Films set in Rio de Janeiro (city)
Films set in Rome
Films set in San Francisco
Films set in Vienna
Films with screenplays by Ernesto Gastaldi
1960s Italian films
1960s French films
Italian anthology films


Cecilie Løveid (born 21 August 1951) is a Norwegian novelist, poet, playwright, and writer of children's books.

Personal life
Løveid was born in Mysen to ship's captain Erik Løveid and actress Ingrid Cecilie Meyer. She had a cohabiting relationship with musician Bjørn Ianke.

Career
Løveid made her literary debut in 1972, with the novel Most. She received the Gyldendal Prize in 2001. Løveid's first play was the one-act Tingene, tingene, published in the literary magazine Vinduet in 1976. In total she has written about thirty plays, librettos or other texts for radio or stage performance.

In 2013 the poem "Punishment" (Straff) was printed in Aftenposten, as "This Week's Poem", on 8 April. In an interview with the newspaper she said that the poem is about Breivik, and that she has no opinion about the verdict of his trial—because that is outside the scope of the poem. The poem starts with "I am glad that he got the punishment that he got. As [it is] known, he will be led by the hand, from grave to grave." It ends with "Therefore, and even if he does all of this, it will be calm/quiet."

Awards
Gyldendal's Endowment 1979 (shared with Wera Sæther)
Prix Italia 1982
Aschehoug Prize 1984
Dobloug Prize 1990 (Shared with Johannes Heggland)
Ibsen Prize 1999
Gyldendal Prize 2001
Brage Prize, open class 2017

References

External links
Author's homepage

1951 births
Living people
People from Eidsberg
20th-century Norwegian novelists
21st-century Norwegian novelists
21st-century Norwegian poets
20th-century Norwegian women writers
21st-century Norwegian women writers
Norwegian children's writers
Women librettists
Norwegian dramatists and playwrights
Norwegian women novelists
Dobloug Prize winners
Norwegian women children's writers
Norwegian women dramatists and playwrights
Norwegian women poets


The Benelli Raffaello semi-automatic shotgun is manufactured by Italian arms manufacturer Benelli Armi SpA.

Design details
The shotgun has a relatively small number of component parts, incorporating a simple operating principle. The main features of the mechanism are the turning block bolt locking system and the cartridge feeding system (cut off).

Operation
Benelli's range of semi-automatic shotguns operate on the same basic principle of inertial operation, with a fixed barrel, utilizing the kinetic energy of gun recoil. This system requires no outlet for gas or barrel recoil, but operates by means of a spring freely interposed between bolt head and bolt.

During firing, due to the recoil of the gun, breech block inertia makes it move about 4 mm forward in relation to the power of the cartridge, compressing the spring. When this is fully compressed, it overcomes breech block inertia, thrusting it to the rear under residual pressure, permitting cartridge case extraction and reloading with the conventional system.

The pressure of the spring is calculated to delay the opening of the action, which occurs after the shot has left the barrel, and to regulate the different pressures produced by cartridges of varying power, with no need for braking.

See also
 Benelli Raffaello CrioComfort

External links
 Official homepage - Italy
 Official homepage - USA

Benelli Armi SpA
Semi-automatic shotguns of Italy


The 2006 BMW Open was an Association of Tennis Professionals men's tennis tournament held in Munich, Germany. The tournament was held from 1 May until 8 May 2006. Fifth-seeded Olivier Rochus won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 Olivier Rochus defeated  Kristof Vliegen 6–4, 6–2
 It was Rochus' only title of the year and the 4th of his career.

Doubles

 Andrei Pavel /  Alexander Waske defeated  Alexander Peya /  Björn Phau 6–4, 6–2
 It was Pavel's 3rd title of the year and the 8th of his career. It was Waske's 2nd title of the year and the 2nd of his career.

References

External links
Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) – tournament profile

BMW Open
BMW Open
Bavarian International Tennis Championships


Great Sturton is a hamlet and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England.  It is situated approximately  from the market town of Horncastle.

The hamlet has twelve houses and fewer than 40 residents. Neighbouring villages are Sotby, Baumber , Hatton and Ranby.

Great Sturton church is dedicated to All Saints, and is a Grade II* listed building dating from the 11th century. It was restored in 1904 by T. J. Micklethwaite.

Both a middle and a late Bronze Age spearhead were found at Great Sturton.

There are two deserted medieval villages (DMV) listed for Great Sturton; one was Sudtone, the other the hamlet of Lowthorpe.

Sturton Hall
The first Sturton Hall is a Grade II listed ruin. The house was deserted in 1810 when the Livesey family bought the manor and built a new Hall in Sturton Park.
The Manor, with neighbouring Baumber, once belonged to Thomas Dighton whose daughter and Heiress married Edward Clinton, the second son of the first Earl of Lincoln, whose successors were the Dukes of Newcastle. These estates remained in the family until they were sold to Thomas Livesey of Blackburn, Lancashire.

References

External links

Villages in Lincolnshire
Civil parishes in Lincolnshire
East Lindsey District


Uros Vico (, ; born 19 February 1981) is a Croatian-born Italian retired tennis player.

Vico had a career high ATP Tour singles ranking of World No.166, achieved on 26 July 2004. He also had a career high ATP Tour doubles ranking of World No. 80, achieved on 8 August 2005.

Vico reached 14 career singles finals with a record of 7 wins and 7 losses, which includes a 2–1 record in ATP Challenger Tour finals. Additionally, he reached 32 career doubles finals with a record of 15 wins and 17 losses, including having an 8–10 record in ATP Challenger Tour finals. In 2004, he would reach his sole final on the ATP Tour, in doubles at the 2004 Open de Moselle on hard courts in Metz, France. Partnered with Ivan Ljubičić they managed to reach the final where they were defeated by French pairing Arnaud Clément and Nicolas Mahut in straight sets 2–6, 6–7(8–10).

Vico retired from professional tennis and became the coach of Italian tennis player Marco Cecchinato who defeated Novak Djokovic at the 2018 French Open Quarterfinals.

ATP Career Finals

Doubles: 1 (1 runner-up)

ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals

Singles: 14 (7–7)

Doubles: 31 (15–16)

Performance timeline

Singles

See also
 Croats of Italy
 Marco Cecchinato

External links

1981 births
Living people
Croatian emigrants to Italy
Italian male tennis players
Tennis players from Rome
Tennis players from Split, Croatia
People with acquired Italian citizenship


Damian Williams (born May 26, 1988) is a former American football wide receiver. He played in the National Football League (NFL) from 2010 through 2014 for the Tennessee Titans, Miami Dolphins, and St. Louis Rams. Previously, he played college football at the University of Arkansas, and then at the University of Southern California.

High school career
Williams attended Springdale High School under head coach Gus Malzahn. During his senior year, he played wide receiver, running back and defensive back and earned accolades as an All-American, catching 63 passes for 1,495 yards with 24 touchdowns, running for 463 yards on 31 carries with 12 touchdowns and had eight kickoff returns for 254 yards with two touchdowns on offense, while also making 25 tackles and 3 interceptions (one for a touchdown) on defense despite missing several games with injuries. Springdale went 14-0 in 2005, won the Arkansas state championship and finished No. 2 nationally.

Williams initially planned on attending the University of Florida, but, in February 2006, switched to Arkansas, joining three other star teammates who had already committed.

College career

Arkansas
Growing up in Springdale, Arkansas, Williams began his college career at nearby University of Arkansas, joining Springdale High School teammates and star recruits, quarterback Mitch Mustain, and tight end Ben Cleveland. Head coach Houston Nutt's Razorbacks football team had hired the trio's high school coach, Gus Malzahn, as his offensive coordinator a few months before signing day. As a first-year freshman, Williams started 5 games for the Razorbacks and appeared in all 13 games, catching 19 passes for 235 yards and 2 touchdowns while ranking second in receptions on the team. He was honored as a 2006 Sporting News Freshman Third-team All-American and Freshman All-SEC.

By the latter half of the 2006 season, the Razorbacks' offense had become run-oriented, behind star running back Darren McFadden. In mid-December, Williams' parents, along with those of two other freshmen, met with Arkansas athletic director Frank Broyles to raise concerns that their sons might not be a good fit for the Razorbacks' system when they had been used to a pass oriented, spread offense under Malzahn's tenure at Springdale. Soon after the meeting, Williams asked for a release to transfer to another school and it was granted; by early January 2007, he decided to transfer to USC, entering in the spring semester. Malzahn soon left to join the coaching staff at Tulsa and Mustain later joined his teammate at USC.

Southern California

Due to NCAA transfer rules, Williams was required to sit out a season; however, Williams was permitted to play on the scout team and take a redshirt year. He tore a ligament in his shoulder during 2007 spring practice and sat out most of spring drills, then had post-spring surgery on both shoulders, limiting his practice time during the 2007 season.

During the 2008 spring practice, Williams impressed and quickly climbed to be a starting receiver for the Trojans going into the 2008 season. He developed into one of quarterback Mark Sanchez' primary receivers, catching 48 passes for 707 yards and eight touchdowns during the regular season. In the 2009 Rose Bowl, Williams made 10 receptions for 162 yards and a touchdown. Williams was First-team All-Pac 10 in 2009 as a Wide Receiver and Punt Returner.

Professional career

2010 NFL Draft
On December 23, 2009, several sources reported that Williams, who had already graduated from USC, would enter the 2010 NFL Draft, forgoing his final year of college football eligibility.

Tennessee Titans
In the 2010 NFL Draft, Williams was selected with the 77th pick by the Tennessee Titans. On July 30, 2010, Williams signed a 4-year, $2.61 million deal.

Williams made his first career start against the Cleveland Browns on October 2, 2011, after the injury to Kenny Britt, who went down on September 25, 2011, tearing his ACL and MCL. Damian made his first career NFL touchdown catch against the Cleveland Browns on October 2, 2011 from a pass thrown by Matt Hasselbeck.

Miami Dolphins
On April 10, 2014, Williams signed a one-year contract with the Miami Dolphins. Williams was released just before the start of the 2014 season, but re-signed with the Dolphins on October 6. He was waived on October 26, in order to make room on the roster for the returning Dion Jordan.

St. Louis Rams
On October 29, 2014, the St. Louis Rams signed Williams. On August 31, 2015, the Rams released Williams.

References

External links
 USC Trojans bio

1988 births
Living people
People from Springdale, Arkansas
Springdale High School alumni
Players of American football from Arkansas
American football wide receivers
Arkansas Razorbacks football players
USC Trojans football players
Tennessee Titans players
Miami Dolphins players
St. Louis Rams players


Grzegorz Motyka (born 1967) is a Polish historian and author specializing in the history of Poland–Ukraine relations. Since 1992 he served at the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and at the Institute of National Remembrance.

Motyka graduated from the history department at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin in 1992. Motyka was awarded the postgraduate academic degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1998. The title of his dissertation was Walki polsko-ukraińskie na ziemiach dzisiejszej Polski w latach 1943–1948 (the Polish-Ukrainian war on the territory of present day Poland in 1943–48). Motyka habilitated his degree in 2007.

After 1992 he became a researcher in the Polish Academy of Sciences. He also worked at the Public Education Office of the Institute of National Remembrance (until 2007). He worked as adjunct at the Faculty of Ukrainian Studies in the Jagiellonian University, but also as Associate professor of the Pułtusk Academy of Humanities. In 2011 he was selected by the Senate of Poland – the upper house of the Polish parliament – to the Board of Directors of IPN. In 2017 he received the title of professor.

Selected works
 Pany i rezuny. Współpraca AK-WiN i UPA 1945–1947, Warszawa 1997 (with Rafał Wnuk)
 Tak było w Bieszczadach. Walki polsko-ukraińskie w Polsce 1943–1948, Warszawa 1998
 Antypolska Akcja OUN-UPA 1943–1944. Fakty i interpretacje, ed. Grzegorz Motyka, Dariusz Libionka, IPN 2002
 Służby Bezpieczeństwa Polski i Czechosłowacji wobec Ukraińców 1945–1989, Warszawa 2005 (ed. and coauthor)
 Ukraińska partyzantka 1942–1960, Warszawa 2006
 "W kręgu "Łun w Bieszczadach", Warszawa 2009
 Od rzezi wołyńskiej do akcji "Wisła". Konflikt polsko-ukraiński 1943–1947 Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2011. .
 Na Białych Polaków obława. Wojska NKWD w walce z polskim podziemiem 1944–1953, Wydawnictwo Literackie, Kraków 2014, .

References

1967 births
Living people
20th-century Polish historians
Polish male non-fiction writers
Academic staff of Jagiellonian University
People associated with the Institute of National Remembrance
John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin alumni
21st-century Polish historians


Duane Milne (born 1967) is an American politician and academic who served as a Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 167th legislative district. He was first elected in 2006.

Education
Milne attended the College of William and Mary and earned a Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science from the University of Delaware.

Career
He is a professor of Political Science at West Chester University and has written academic papers on federalism and public sector management. He also has worked as an organizational consultant and has gained international experience through business projects in countries throughout Asia, including China, Japan, South Korea and the Philippines.

Milne has served as an officer in the Army Reserve and is a member of the Chester County Voting Reform Commission.

References

External links

 State Representative Duane Milne official PA House website

1967 births
Living people
21st-century American politicians
College of William & Mary alumni
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
People from Media, Pennsylvania
United States Army officers
United States Army reservists
University of Delaware alumni
West Chester University faculty
Politicians from Chester County, Pennsylvania


Meera is a 1945 Indian Tamil-language musical drama film directed by Ellis R. Dungan, produced by T. Sadasivam and written by Kalki Krishnamurthy. Based on the life of the 16th century mystic and poet Mirabai, the film stars M. S. Subbulakshmi as the eponymous character, a zealous devotee of Krishna, who considers him to be her husband. Despite marrying Rana (Chittoor Nagayya), she follows her own way of living, which is unacceptable to her husband and his family.

Sadasivam wanted to produce a film that would make his singer wife Subbulakshmi's music available to the average person, so he started looking for a good story; Subbulakshmi chose the story of Meera. The film began production at Newtone Studio in Madras, but was filmed predominantly on location in North India in places like Jaipur, Vrindavan, Udaipur, Chittor and Dwarka to maintain credibility and historical accuracy.

Meera was released on 3 November 1945, Diwali day, and became a major critical and commercial success. This led to the production of a Hindi-dubbed version, which had a few scenes reshot, that was released two years later on 21 November and also achieved success. Despite the Hindi version making Subbulakshmi a national celebrity, it would be her last film as an actress, after which she decided to focus solely on her musical career.

Plot
During the reign of the Mughal emperor Akbar, young Meera, influenced by the story of Andal and Krishna, is deeply in love with Krishna, so much so that she considers him to be her husband after she garlands him on an auspicious day as advised by her mother. As Meera matures into a young woman, her devotion to Krishna grows.

Against her wishes, Meera is married to Rana, the king of Mewar. But even after marriage, her love for Krishna remains unchanged. She follows her own ideals and way of living which are unacceptable to Rana and his family, especially his brother Vikram and sister Udha. Meera asks Rana to construct a temple for Krishna in Chittor, the capital of Mewar. Out of love for her, Rana agrees. An overjoyed Meera remains in the temple most of the time, singing in praise of Krishna along with other devotees, and avoids staying at the palace.

On Vijayadashami, Rana expects Meera to be with him at the royal assembly when other kings come to offer their respects. But en route to the assembly, Meera hears Krishna's flute playing, returns to the temple and remains there. Rana becomes angry upon realising that Meera has returned to the temple again, ignoring her duties as a wife. To kill Meera, Vikram has Udha give her a poisoned drink. Meera is saved by Krishna and the poison does not kill her; instead, Krishna's idol at the Vithoba Temple turns blue, and the sanctum's double-doors at Dwarakadheesh Temple close spontaneously, and remain closed.

At Delhi, Akbar learns of Meera's singing and her devotion to Krishna. He sends her a pearl necklace as a gift, which Meera puts on Krishna's idol. Rana becomes angry when he learns of these developments and her disinterest in fulfilling her duties as a wife and queen; he orders the demolition of the temple using cannons so that she will leave. Vikram goes to the temple and orders Meera and the other devotees to come out before the demolition begins. However, Meera refuses, remains in the temple and continues her bhajans.

Meanwhile, Rana learns from Udha of Vikram's failed attempt to kill Meera. Shocked when he realises Meera's real identity (she is one with Krishna), he rushes to meet her in the temple, which is about to be demolished. When a cannon is fired, Rana stops it and is injured. When Meera hears Krishna calling her, she admits to Rana that she has failed in her duties as a wife. She explains that her heart is with Krishna and seeks Rana's permission to leave palace life and fulfill her desire to visit Krishna's temple at Dwarka; Rana realises her devotion and agrees. Once Meera leaves, Mewar suffers from a drought and the subjects plead with Rana to bring Meera back, so Rana goes in search of her.

Meera first goes to Brindavanam and meets the sage, who originally predicted her devotion. Together, they leave for Dwarka, Krishna's birthplace. On reaching the temple, she starts singing in praise of Krishna. Rana, who has followed her, also reaches the temple. The temple's doors, which were closed till then, open. Krishna appears and invites Meera inside. Meera runs towards Krishna and falls dead while her soul merges with him. Rana comes rushing in and finds Meera's corpse. Her devotion to Krishna is finally rewarded, and Meera is united with him.

Cast

 M. S. Subbulakshmi as Meera
 Chittoor Nagayya as Rana
 Radha as Young Meera
 Serukalathur Sama as Rupa Goswami
 K. Sarangapani as Udham
 T. S. Balaiah as Vikram
 K. R. Chellam as Udha
 T. S. Mani and M. G. Ramachandran as Jayamal
 K. Duraisami as Messenger Rao
 T. S. Durairaj as Narendran
 R. Santhanam as Surendran
 Baby Kamala as Krishna
 Jayagowri and Leela: roles not named in the opening credits.

Production

Development
T. Sadasivam wanted to produce a film that would make his singer wife M. S. Subbulakshmi's music available to the average person, so he started looking for a good story. He had several discussions with friends like Kalki Krishnamurthy and was of the opinion that if Subbulakshmi was to act in a film, it could not be a mass entertainer, but would need to carry a universal and uplifting message. After much deliberation, Subbulakshmi chose the story of the 16th-century mystic and poet Mirabai alias Meera. Sadasivam decided to produce the film entirely on his own under the  Chandraprabha Cinetone banner, and for the first time was not answerable to any financier, co-producer or co-partner. He chose Ellis R. Dungan to direct, while Krishnamurthy was hired as screenwriter. Jitan Banerji was the cinematographer and R. Rajagopal the editor. This would be the second film based on Mirabai, the first being the 1938 film Bhakta Meera.

Casting
While Subbulakshmi was cast as Meera, her stepdaughter Radha was recruited to play the character's younger version. To prepare for the part, Subbulakshmi decided to go to all the places where Meera had wandered in search of the elusive Krishna, and worship at all the temples where she worshipped. Honnappa Bhagavathar was the first choice to play Meera's husband Rana. Although he accepted the role, ultimately he was not hired. In a 1990 interview he recalled, "I had met Sadasivam, and after discussions he told me that he would make arrangements for an advance payment and agreement, but I never heard from him again." An undisclosed person suggested P. U. Chinnappa, but Dungan refused, as he felt Chinnappa was "uncouth" and lacked the "regal presence" needed for the role. Chittoor Nagayya, who Dungan recommended, was eventually chosen for the part. According to Dungan, he "proved the right choice for a Rajput king".

The husband-and-wife comedy duo N. S. Krishnan and T. A. Mathuram were supposed to have appeared in Meera. However, Krishnan was arrested in December 1944 as a suspect in the Lakshmikanthan murder case, and he was replaced by T. S. Durairaj, who portrayed Narendran; Madhuram did not remain on the project. T. S. Mani and M. G. Ramachandran shared the role of a minister named Jayamal. This was the only film in which two future Bharat Ratna laureates (Ramachandran and Subbulakshmi) acted. Baby Kamala, a girl, was chosen to act as the male Krishna.

Filming
Production began in 1944 at Newtone Studio in Madras, before moving to North India, particularly Rajasthan, for location shooting. According to filmmaker and historian Karan Bali, Dungan and Banerji "did a series of elaborate lighting tests on a specially created bust of [Subbulakshmi]. They shot the bust using different camera heights and angles with varied lighting schemes. They then studied the developed rushes to decide what worked best for Subbulakshmi's face structure." Shooting locations included Rajasthan's capital Jaipur, in addition to Vrindavan, Udaipur, Chittor and Dwarka. The decision to shoot in these locations was Dungan's, who cited the need to be "credible and historically accurate".

At Udaipur, Sadasivam required some royal elephants and horses for the shooting schedule. After Sadasivam made the request to the Maharana of Udaipur, the Maharana agreed to help the crew with whatever they needed beyond elephants and horses. Dungan recalled in his autobiography:Due to the kindness and assistance of the Maharana's prime minister, we were given carte blanche to film practically anything and anywhere in and around the palaces and gardens [...] We were also granted the use of such facilities as the royal barge, elephants, a royal procession, the palace dancing girls, hundreds of film "extras" and all of the water fountains in and around the palaces. These were ready-made sets and would have cost us a fortune to reproduce in a studio setting, if they could be reproduced at all.

While filming at Dwarka, Dungan could not enter the Krishna temple where permission to shoot the film had been obtained, as he was not a Hindu. Hence, he disguised himself as a Kashmiri Pandit and was let in. Another scene required Meera to cross the Yamuna in a boat; the boat was to capsize and she would be saved by Krishna, who would appear in the guise of a boatman. While filming the scene, Subbulakshmi accidentally hurt her head and fell unconscious; the crew barely rescued her from drowning. The final length of the film was .

Themes
Subbulakshmi's biographer Lakshmi Viswanathan noted many parallels between her and the film version of Meera, saying, "Meera was married at a tender age to a much older man, the Maharana. Her great obsession with Krishna led her to a spiritual path, away from the pomp of the royal palace and all that it stood for. She sang the most evocative bhajans on Krishna and wandered about like a minstrel followed by a host of devotees until she attained moksha – that magical moment when the enlightened soul unites with the eternal spirit."

Soundtrack
The soundtrack was composed by S. V. Venkatraman, and released under the HMV label. The song "Kaatrinile Varum Geetham", written by Krishnamurthy, is set in the Carnatic raga known as Sindhu Bhairavi, and based on "Toot Gayi Man Bina", a Hindi-language non-film song composed by Kamal Dasgupta and sung by Sheila Sarkar. While historian Randor Guy claimed that Krishnamurthy suggested the tune to Venkatraman, another historian V. Sriram says Krishnamurthy's daughter Anandi pestered for him to write a Tamil version of the song. "Brindhavanatthil" and "Engum Niraindhaaye" are also set in Sindhu Bhairavi, while "Giridhara Gopala" is set in Mohanam.

Release and reception
Meera was released on 3 November 1945, Diwali day, and distributed by Narayanan & Company. The distributors ran front-page advertisements to announce "the musical movie of your dreams" and specifically to inform all fans that the film's "song hits" available on HMV records. The film received rave reviews; The Free Press Journal said, "Meera transports us into a different world of bhakti, piety and melody. It shatters the misguided belief that film music is inferior. Subbulakshmi follows no stereotyped techniques in acting. She is just Meera." Kay Yess Enn of The Indian Express wrote on 10 November, "[Subbulakshmi] reveals a flair for histrionic heights in some scenes but in general, though showing great improvement on her previous efforts, there is scope for better work in emotional scenes." However, the magazine Picturpost (15 November) was more critical, saying the Meera bhajans were not "too pleasing to hear", the film lacked conviction, and realism and was not emotional enough. The reviewer felt Subbulakshmi, a Carnatic singer, was miscast as Meera, a Hindustani singer, and Dungan's direction was "bungling". The film was a major box office success; according to Smt. C. Bharathi, author of the 2008 book M. S. Subbulakshmi, this was largely due to the songs than the acting. The film has been screened at various film festivals including the Prague Film Festival, the Venice Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival.

Hindi version
The success of Meera prompted Sadasivam to dub it in Hindi and having some scenes reshot. The Hindi-dubbed version was released on 21  November 1947, and achieved equal success, making Subbulakshmi a national celebrity. The film had an on-screen introduction by the politician and poet, Sarojini Naidu, who described Subbulakshmi as "The Nightingale of India". The premiere was inaugurated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru himself. Lord and Lady Mountbatten, Rajendra Prasad, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit and Indira Gandhi attended the premiere as well. Jawaharlal Nehru and the Mountbattens became Subbulakshmi's ardent fans, further propelling her fame. A reviewer from The Bombay Chronicle wrote: More than the story of the Queen of Mewar who preferred a heavenly to an earthly diadem it is the voice of the star singing her bhajans and padas that is the picture's chief attraction [...] Narendra Sharma's lyrics embellish this photoplay, the story of which is from the pen of Amritlal Nagar. Subbulakshmi's admirers will find this film highly entertaining. Despite the success of Meera, it was Subbulakshmi's last film as an actress, after which she focused solely on her musical career.

Legacy
Meera is considered as a musical cult film of Tamil cinema. The scene where young Meera transforms into her older self, and the transition is shown with the song, "Nandha Balaa En Manalaa..", became a milestone in Indian cinema for its filmmaking technique. On the April 2013 centenary of Indian cinema, IBN Live (later known as News18) included Meera on its list of the 100 greatest Indian films of all time.

References

Bibliography

External links

1940s biographical films
1940s historical musical films
1940s Tamil-language films
1945 films
Cultural depictions of Indian monarchs
Films directed by Ellis R. Dungan
Films scored by S. V. Venkatraman
Films set in the 16th century
Films set in the Mughal Empire
Hindu devotional films
Indian biographical films
Indian black-and-white films
Indian epic films
Indian historical musical films


The Euro-Med Challenge is an international rugby league football competition. The competition is organized by the Rugby League European Federation and is designed to promote the sport of rugby league in Europe and the Mediterranean Region. The Euro Med Challenge is a second or third tier competition for European rugby league teams.

Because of its place as a developmental competition, it is not always contested by the same nations. In 2008, it was contested among Russia, Serbia and Lebanon.  All three of these teams, however, were promoted to the European Cup in 2009, so three new teams were selected for the 2009 installment: Morocco, Belgium and Catalonia.

2008

Russia won the 2008 tournament, which was expected to hinge on the Russia-Lebanon game. However, many of the Lebanese players could not obtain visas to travel to Russia in time for the match. This resulted in one-sided scoreline in Russia's favour and handed them the tournament.

Results

Standings

2009
In 2009, the RLEF announced that Russia, Lebanon and Serbia would be promoted to a revamped European Nations Cup. The Euro-Med Challenge was therefore contested by three new teams in 2009 – Belgium and Catalonia, who made their competitive debuts, and Morocco.  Belgium recorded their first international win, beating Catalonia in game 2 of the tournament, but the experienced Moroccan team won the competition.

Results

Standings

See also

References

External links
 Official RLEF Website
 Highlights video: Catalonia-Morocco
 Highlights video: Belgium-Catalonia

European rugby league competitions


Gnesio-Lutherans (from Greek γνήσιος [gnesios]: genuine, authentic) is a modern name for a theological party in the Lutheran churches, in opposition to the Philippists after the death of Martin Luther and before the Formula of Concord. In their own day they were called Flacians by their opponents and simply Lutherans by themselves. Later Flacian became to mean an adherent of Matthias Flacius' view of original sin, rejected by the Formula of Concord. In a broader meaning, the term Gnesio-Lutheran is associated mostly with the defence of the doctrine of Real Presence.

Locations

The centres of Gnesio-Lutherans were Magdeburg and the University of Jena.

Notable proponents
Other notable Gnesio-Lutherans include Caspar Aquila, Joachim Westphal, Johann Wigand, Matthäus Judex, Joachim Mörlin, Erasmus Sarcerius, and Aegidius Hunnius.

Controversies
After the death of Martin Luther, several theological controversies arose among Lutherans due mostly to the teachings of Philip Melanchthon. Gnesio-Lutherans were profiled by defending Martin Luther's doctrine, led initially by Matthias Flacius. The Gnesio-Lutherans exercised strict doctrinal discipline, but they also opposed with equal determination what they considered to be the errors of their fellow combatants like von Amsdorf (Amsdorfians), Flacius (Flacians), Andreas Poach, and others.

Gnesio-Lutherans were involved in:
 the Adiaphoristic controversy
 the Majoristic controversy (Nicolaus von Amsdorf, Nicolaus Gallus)
 the second Antinomian controversy (Andreas Poach, Anton Otto)
 the Synergistic controversy (Matthias Flacius, Nicolaus Gallus)
 the Osiandrian controversy
 the Crypto-Calvinistic controversy.

The Crypto-Calvinistic controversy was the largest of the controversies of the second generation of the Lutheran Reformation.  Since it was far more fundamental to the Lutheran Church, Lutherans outside of the Flacian party took the Gnesio-Lutheran position against Philippism and Crypto-Calvinism. In the middle between the Philippists and the Gnesio-Lutherans, the Centrist Party included Johannes Brenz, Jakob Andreae, Martin Chemnitz, Nikolaus Selnecker, David Chytraeus, Andreas Musculus, and others.

Unlike the Gnesio-Lutherans, members of the centre party were opposed to any unnecessary controversies involving no doctrinal differences, and careful not to fall into any extreme position themselves. The Gnesio-Lutheran Joachim Westphal was first to write to defend the Real Presence against the Calvinists, and Melanchthon stigmatized his and other Gnesio-Lutherans' doctrine as "bread worship".

Notes

References

Lutheran Eucharistic theology
Reformation in Germany


"Shelter Island" is the fifth episode in the fourth season of the television series How I Met Your Mother and 69th overall. It originally aired on October 20, 2008.

Plot
Marshall, Lily and Barney are at MacLaren's when Ted and Stella arrive. Stella is upset because her sister is stealing her dream wedding on Shelter Island, marrying a vegan man Stella hates. Ted and Stella meet her sister, who tells them her fiancé has run off with another woman. Ted and Stella then have what they each think is a clear nonverbal conversation, but they both misunderstands what the other one is trying to say. While Ted thinks he is agreeing to pay for dinner, Stella tells her sister they will take over her wedding and all the arrangements, so they do not go to waste.

At the bar, Barney is surprisingly supportive of Ted's marriage. He tells Lily it will be a good opportunity to hook up with Robin, who is living in Japan but has agreed to return for the wedding. Robin's job in Japan has turned out to be a ridiculous farce involving more camera time spend on her chimpanzee co-hosts than on news reporting, which disappoints her.

The day before the wedding, the group travels to Shelter Island only to find that the venue is a yoga resort, which disappointingly serves only vegan food and non-alcoholic drinks. Stella finds out Robin has been invited to the wedding, which makes her angry and uncomfortable as Robin is Ted's ex. She says that her ex Tony would be the last person she would want at her and Ted's wedding and then asks Ted to uninvite Robin. Barney calls Robin. She has not left Japan yet, but he lies and tells the others she is already on the plane.

Stella tells Ted that Tony is refusing to bring their daughter Lucy to the wedding. Ted decides to go meet with Tony to try to convince him to change his mind. Barney meets Stella's sister, who propositions him. Barney tries to resist, thinking of Robin. Ted convinces Tony to let Lucy come to the wedding, but after he cries about losing Stella to Ted, Ted ends up taking pity on him and invites him as well. At the wedding venue, Stella is upset to see Tony, and Robin's arrival makes things worse.

Ted and Stella argue about the possibility of unresolved feelings about their exes. They agree to tell both Tony and Robin they cannot attend the wedding. Although Stella wants Ted to talk to Tony and offers to talk to Robin herself, Ted goes to talk to Robin instead and suggests Stella talk to Tony. Robin is relieved and agrees that it is weird for her to be at the wedding. She tells him that she quit her job in Japan and is moving back to New York City. She reminds him about their romantic history and warns him not to rush into getting married, which upsets Ted. Robin goes to see Barney, but he has a woman in his room so Robin leaves. Stella's sister arrives and joins Barney with the other woman.

On the morning of Ted and Stella's wedding, Ted finds a card from Stella saying she has run away with Tony. Marshall, Lily and Barney try to console Ted, while Robin sees Stella and Tony together on the ferry from Shelter Island. Ted finally understands that Stella was not really worried about Robin coming to the wedding, but was thinking about her unresolved issues with Tony.

Production
In an interview for Television Without Pity, series co-creator Craig Thomas praised guest star Jason Jones, saying that they "all just dorked out" when casting him because they were such fans of The Daily Show. They then thanked the latter program for its coverage of the 2008 election.

Critical response

Noel Murray of The A.V. Club gave the episode a B+, noting that it was "way too rushed".

Michelle Zoromski of IGN rated it 7/10, summarizing that it was "bland" and "unmemorable".

References

External links

How I Met Your Mother (season 4) episodes
2008 American television episodes
Television episodes about weddings


Lieutenant Colonel John William Arthur Stephenson DSO (1 August 1907 – 20 May 1982) was a Hong-Kong-born English first-class cricketer who played in India and England from the late 1920s until shortly after the Second World War. His Wisden obituarist opined that "there would always have been fewer empty grounds" had more players been like him. He was also a British Army officer, who saw service in the Second World War.

Life and career

Cricket career
John Stephenson was educated at Clayesmore School. On 2 February 1928, after having played some games for Buckinghamshire in the 1927 Minor Counties Championship while training at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Middlesex Regiment of the British Army. His service number was 39495. Posted to India, he made his first-class cricket debut for the Europeans against the Muslims at Bombay Gymkhana in the 1928/29 Bombay Quadrangular tournament, scoring 17 and 42 and taking 2 for 24 in the second innings. In his next match, against Parsees, he scored his maiden century, hitting 135 in the first innings.
He played one more game for Europeans that season, then two more the following season, without much success. In 1930/31 he played for Madras against the Maharajkumar of Vizianagram's XI, then returned to the Europeans side and produced a good all-round display against Indians, making 117 (he never made another first-class century) and taking six wickets in an innings victory.

Stephenson was promoted to lieutenant on 2 February 1931, and returned to England later that year. He again turned out for Buckinghamshire, but in August made his English first-class debut for the Army against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) at Lord's. In a low-scoring match, his 20 not out in the second innings helped guide the Army to a four-wicket win. Over the next couple of seasons, he mixed further appearances for the Army (although not achieving any particular success) with continued appearances for Buckinghamshire.

He began 1934 with a game for Free Foresters against Cambridge University at Fenner's in early June, and took 4–99 in the first innings; at that stage his best innings return. A few days later, Stephenson commenced the Essex career which he would continue until the outbreak of war. His most successful season was 1936, in which he recorded his highest aggregates of both runs (521 at 18.60) and wickets (84 at 22.19). That summer also saw him record his best bowling figures, when he claimed 9-46 for the Gentlemen against the Players at Lord's, which remains the best innings return ever recorded for the Gentlemen. Following this performance, there was talk that Stephenson might be preferred to Bill Copson for the Ashes tour that winter, but it was not to be.

Stephenson was promoted to captain on 12 April 1937, and for the 1937 and 1938 cricket seasons his army duties precluded his playing a full season of cricket, but he continued to turn out for Essex when he could, and managed about 50 wickets in each season. In 1939 he played much more, and acted as captain on a number of occasions, one of three players so employed by Essex that year.

War service
Stephenson retired from the army on 1 July 1939, but the outbreak of war soon saw him recalled. During the Second World War he continued to serve with the Middlesex Regiment, rising to the war substantive rank of major, and as a temporary lieutenant colonel he commanded the 1/7th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment, a Territorial Army (TA) unit, in North Africa from mid-1942 onwards.

For his leadership of the battalion (which formed the machine gun battalion of the 51st (Highland) Division) at the Second Battle of Alamein in October/November and during the subsequent advance on Tripoli — and particularly for his actions at Corradini and during the attack on the Mareth Line — the division's General Officer Commanding (GOC), Major General Douglas Wimberley, recommended him for an immediate award of the Distinguished Service Order (DSO).  The recommendation for the award describes how he personally ensured that the battalion supported the infantry, sometimes leading individual companies under heavy fire, and his carrying out of reconnaissance under fire.  The commander of Eighth Army (the Desert Rats), General Sir Bernard Montgomery, endorsed the recommendation with the words, "I very strongly recommend this award". The award of the DSO was gazetted on 17 June 1943. Stephenson was also subsequently mentioned in despatches on 13 January 1944.

Later life
Stephenson did not continue in active service after the war, but was promoted to substantive major in the Reserve of Officers on 1 January 1949, and granted honorary rank as a lieutenant-colonel at the same time. He remained in the reserve until he reached the age limit for service on 6 November 1957.

The Second World War effectively ended his cricket career, although he did play three first-class matches afterwards. The first of these, for England against the Australian Services in May 1945, was in fact the first first-class game in England since 1939, and Stephenson took 5–116 in the first innings. He also played a single match for Worcestershire against Leicestershire in May 1947, and finally one game for South v Glamorgan at the end of 1948, though he did nothing remarkable in either match.

References

External links

1907 births
1982 deaths
British Army cricketers
British Army personnel of World War II
Buckinghamshire cricketers
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
English cricketers of 1919 to 1945
English cricketers
Essex cricketers
Essex cricket captains
Europeans cricketers
Free Foresters cricketers
Gentlemen cricketers
Gentlemen of England cricketers
Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
British expatriates in Hong Kong
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Middlesex Regiment officers
Tamil Nadu cricketers
Worcestershire cricketers
North v South cricketers
People educated at Clayesmore School


The palleschi, also known as bigi, were partisans of the Medici family in Florence. The name derived by the Medici coat-of-arms, bearing six 'balls' (palle).

Massimo D'Azeglio, Italian writer and historian, in his Niccolò de' Lapi, or the Palleschi and the Piagnoni (1866),  wrote explicitly: "the part of the citizens which improved their reputation and got rich under the Medici.... was called pallesca".

On April 26, 1478, at the end of the so-called Pazzi conspiracy which resulted the death of Giuliano de' Medici (brother of Lorenzo, who was himself seriously wounded), the people of Florence responded to the cry "Freedom, Freedom!" by the conspirator Jacopo de' Pazzi with "Palle, palle!", in a clear reference to the Medici coat-of-arms and, more broadly, to their partisans the palleschi. Aldo Arcangeli, in his book The Strozzavolpe Castle writes that the conspirator Jacopo Bracciolini, secretary of Girolamo Riario, 'was hung by the Palleschi because of the Pazzi conspiracy" (Arcangeli, 1960).

The substantial equivalence between Palleschi and Medici partisans is confirmed by the letter written by the Florentine philosopher, writer and politician Niccolò Machiavelli "Il ricordo ai Palleschi del 1512" , a plea to the Palleschi, returned in Florence after twenty years of exile, in favor of the Gonfaloniere Piero Soderini "exiled by the government of the Florence Republic" (Vivanti, 1997).

Likewise, the rivalry between the Palleschi, partisans of the Medici family, and the Piagnoni ("Weepers"), followers of Girolamo Savonarola, developed into conflict. Massimo D'Azeglio in Niccolò de' Lapi says that "the parts of Piagnoni and Palleschi, rivals for old rancors and new insults, kept the city divided' (D'Azeglio, 1866).

After the death of Savonarola, the interests of the Palleschi came to be differentiated from purely Medici interests, as testified by the Storia Fiorentina of Benedetto Varchi (Firenze 1503–1565) in relation to the opposition of the Palleschi against the Medici Pope Clement VII (Varchi, 1857).

The fortunes of the Palleschi were nevertheless strictly connected to the Medici. For example, during the siege of Florence by Charles V when the Florentine government hardly repressed "the enemies within the walls", references the Palleschi who stayed in the city (Bertelli, 1986)

Many of them preferred the exile to Venice, Bologna or Rome so as to avoid being arrested or falling victim to the violence described by D'Azeglio in "Niccolò de' Lapi" (D'Azeglio, 1866)

Notes

Bibliography
 F. Serafino Montorio, "Lo Zodiaco di Maria", Napoli 1715
 Benedetto Varchi, "Storia Fiorentina", Felice Le Monnier, Firenze 1857
 Massimo D'Azeglio, "Niccolò de' Lapi, ovvero, i Palleschi e i Piagnoni", Felice Le Monnier, Firenze 1866
 Sergio Bertelli, Franco Cardini, Elvira Galbero Zorzi, "Le Corti Italiane del Rinascimento", Mondadori 1986
 Aldo Arcangeli, "Il castello di Strozzavolpe", Ed. Nencini, Poggibonsi 1960.
 "Niccolò Machiavelli - Opere - volume I", a cura di Corrado Vivanti, Einaudi-Gallimard, Torino 1997

15th century in the Republic of Florence
16th century in the Republic of Florence


The Canadian Society for the Study of Rhetoric (CSSR;  []) is a bilingual scholarly society based in Canada that is open to scholars involved in the teaching or researching of rhetoric. While the CSSR was founded as a Canadian version of the International Society for the History of Rhetoric, and while—as implied by its original name, the Canadian Seminar on the History of Rhetoric (CSHR)—it originally focused on the history of rhetoric, the CSSR now focuses on a range of rhetorical scholarship. Its membership typically includes scholars from North America and Europe (not just Canada) and its conferences typically include joint sessions with other societies as a "natural reflection of the interdisciplinary interests of [its] members."

The CSSR publishes an online refereed journal, Rhetor, and meets annually for an academic conference, usually as part of the annual Congress of Humanities and Social Sciences run by the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences.

Presidents

 1980–1981 Judith Rice Henderson
 1981 Raymond Stephanson
 1981–1984 Joseph Schmidt
 1985 Elaine Fantham
 1986–1988 Albert Halsall
 1988–1990 John Stephen Martin
 1990–1993 Albert Halsall
 1993–1995 David Goodwin
 1995–1997 Joanne S. Norman
 1997–1999 Kim Fedderson
 1999–2001 Philippa Spoel
 2001–2003 Jennifer McLennan
 2003–2005 Tracy Whalen
 2005–2007 Sylvain Rheault
 2007–2009 Shannon Purves-Smith
 2009–2011 Rebecca Carruthers Den Hoed
 2011–2013 Jeanie Wills
 2013–2015 Pierre Zoberman
 2015–2019 Tania Smith

See also
List of learned societies

References

External links

 International Society for the History of Rhetoric

History organizations based in Canada
Learned societies of Canada


Charles Sumner Slichter (April 16, 1864 – October 4, 1946) was an applied mathematician and dean of the graduate school at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His most notable scholarly contribution focused on hydrogeology, where he developed a method of quantifying the velocity of ground-water underflow in river valleys.  This method employed ammonium chloride that would be placed in an upstream, i.e., the upgradient, well and detected in three observation wells a short distance away, i.e., the downgradient.

Family
Slichter was the husband of Mary Byrne Slichter and was the father of economist Sumner Slichter, geophysicist Louis B. Slichter, industrialist Allen Slichter, and businessman Donald Slichter, the grandfather of physicist Charles Pence Slichter, and the great-grandfather of musician Jacob Slichter.

Books
Galileo, 1642-1942: an essay commemorating the tercentenary of Galileo: read before a joint meeting of the Wisconsin Chapter of Sigma Xi and the Dept. of Mathematics on November 17, 1942
Science in a Tavern: Essays and Diversions on Science in the Making, University of Wisconsin Press, 1938
Four-place logarithmic tables for rapid computation arranged by Charles S. Slichter, New York: Macmillan & Co. (1906)
The tidal and other problems (1909)
Elementary mathematical analysis, a text book for first year college students (1914)
Observations on the ground waters of Rio Grande Valley (1905)
Field measurements of the rate of movement of underground waters (1905)
The motions of underground waters (1902)
The underflow in Arkansas Valley in western Kansas (1906)
The underflow of the South Platte valley (1906)
Theoretical investigation of the motion of ground waters (1899)

References

External links

Hydrogeologists
1864 births
1946 deaths
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Cornell University alumni
Northwestern University alumni
People from Saint Paul, Minnesota


Sir John Vavasour KS (c. 1440 – 26 November 1506) was an English judge. He was apparently part of a minor regional knightly family, and studied law at Inner Temple. He was made a Serjeant-at-Law in 1478 and appointed a King's Serjeant in 1483, followed by a 1485 appointment as Second Justice of Lancaster and a 1495 promotion there to Chief Justice.

He had also served as Recorder of York from 1486 until his appointment as Fourth Justice of the Court of Common Pleas on 17 October 1489. He was promoted to Third Justice in 1494 and served as such until 1504. He was knighted in 1501 and discharged as a judge on 16 October 1506, dying shortly after on 26 November.

References

|-

15th-century English judges
Knights Bachelor
Members of the Inner Temple
Serjeants-at-law (England)
1440s births
1506 deaths
Justices of the Common Pleas
16th-century English judges


Moraine Country Club is a country club located in Kettering, Ohio, in the Dayton Metropolitan Area. The development of the Moraine Country Club started at a meeting in 1927, when Colonel Deeds, Charles Kettering, Frederick Rike, Governor James Cox, Robert Patterson, John Haswell & William Keyes decided to turn a portion of "Moraine Farm" into a golf course. Alec Campbell designed the course and in 1930 the club was incorporated. The golf course there hosted the PGA Championship in 1945 which Byron Nelson won.

External links
Official site

Golf clubs and courses in Ohio
Buildings and structures in Montgomery County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Montgomery County, Ohio
Sports venues completed in 1930
1930 establishments in Ohio


Creature with the Blue Hand () is a West German horror film directed by Alfred Vohrer and starring Harald Leipnitz, Klaus Kinski and Ilse Steppat. It is based on the 1925 novel The Blue Hand by Edgar Wallace and was part of a long-running series of adaptations made by Rialto Film. The film's plot involves the police tracking a killer known as the Blue Hand. It was shot at the Spandau Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Walter Kutz and Wilhelm Vorwerg.

Cast
 Harald Leipnitz as Inspector Craig
 Klaus Kinski as Dave Emerson / Richard Emerson
 Carl Lange as Dr. Albert Mangrove
 Ilse Steppat as Lady Emerson
 Hermann Lenschau as Lawyer Douglas
 Diana Körner as Myrna Emerson
 Gudrun Genest as Nurse Harris
 Albert Bessler as Butler Anthony
 Richard Haller as Edward Appleton / The Blue Hand
 Ilse Pagé as Miss Mabel Finley
 Fred Haltiner as Warder Reynolds
 Peter Parten as Robert Emerson
 Thomas Danneberg as Charles Emerson
 Heinz Spitzner as Judge
 Siegfried Schürenberg as Sir John

Release
Creature with the Blue Hand was released in 1967. The film was bought by New World Pictures and issued as a double feature in the United States with Beast of the Yellow Night. The film was later re-edited in 1987 with new gore inserts by producer Sam Sherman and released to home video as The Bloody Dead.

References

Bibliography
 Bergfelder, Tim. International Adventures: German Popular Cinema and European Co-Productions in the 1960s. Berghahn Books, 2005.

External links

1967 films
1967 crime films
German crime films
West German films
1960s German-language films
Films directed by Alfred Vohrer
New World Pictures films
Films produced by Horst Wendlandt
Films based on British novels
Films based on works by Edgar Wallace
Films about twin brothers
Constantin Film films
Films shot at Spandau Studios
1960s German films


Yangwu () was a wooden corvette built for the Imperial Chinese Navy. She was built in 1872 at the Foochow Arsenal, and was the largest ship built there from the shipbuilding programme of 1868–75. During her early career, she was used as a training ship and under the command of English captains. She later saw action in the Battle of Fuzhou in 1884, the opening action of the Sino-French War, where she acted as the flagship of the Fujian Fleet. Shortly after the start of the battle, she was damaged by a spar torpedo, causing a large explosion and the loss of the majority of her crew; she was sunk shortly afterwards by enemy fire.

Design
Yangwu was a unique showpiece at the Foochow Arsenal. She was  long overall, had a beam of  and an average draft of . She displaced . The propulsion system consisted of a  steam engine, built by John Inglis and Company, equipped with four boilers and a retractable funnel. Her engines produced a cruising speed of .

Yangwu was armed with a battery of four  70-pounder guns on each side, and two further mounted as chase guns at the bow and stern. These were each built by the British firm Armstrong's. A further  150-pounder at amidships and two 24-pounder long guns rounded out her armament. She was equipped with two gunpowder magazines, located at fore and aft.

Construction and career

Yangwu was a wooden corvette, built at the Foochow Navy Yard and launched on April 23, 1872. She was the seventh vessel built as part of a larger shipbuilding program at the Foochow Arsenal, and cost 254,000 taels (353,000 silver dollars) for her construction. She was the largest warship built between 1868–1875 out of the 19 vessels planned. The shipyard was overseen by Imperial commissioner Shen Baozhen but led by staff from Western nations, who advised the Chinese to continue building wooden-hulled ships despite them being made obsolete by the construction of ironclads by those nations. Chinese officials would later unfairly blame the French, in particular Prosper Giquel, for purposely providing them with out-of-date equipment and designs.

After being launched in 1872, she served as a training vessel from 1875 in the South China Sea, making at least one journey to Japan. Yangwu was equipped with a classroom for the training of Chinese midshipmen and officers. At the time of a report in the Shanghai Courier in June 1876, there were 30 such sailors under tuition. She had been recently commanded by the Captain Tracey, an Englishman, but he had been recalled to the Royal Navy and promoted to Post-captain. He was replaced with his fellow countryman, Captain Luxmore. There were two further English members of the crew, both officers, while the rest were Chinese.

During the summer of 1876, Yangwu visited the Australian colonies, and later in the year the Chinese ambassadors to Great Britain, Kwoh Song Tao and Liu-Si-hung, visited Yangwu via mail steamer in December while she was in Singapore. Following the visit, she sailed to Manila. When she arrived in February 1877, an accident occurred as the crew were preparing a gun salute for her entrance to the harbour. As the crewman loaded the charge into one of the guns, it detonated, throwing him from the ship and killing him. The crewman was subsequently buried in the city. Yangwu proved to be a spectacle for the inhabitants of the city, particularly the Chinese, some of whom had sailed out to greet her arrival in small boats and others who watched her from the mound on which the lighthouse sat overlooking the bay.

On June 23, 1884, as tensions were rising between the French Empire and Imperial China, Yangwu was part of the Chinese fleet at Chefoo (now known as Yantai) which met with a French squadron comprising two cruisers and a sloop. During the course of the meeting, the French demonstrated the firepower of their cruisers, which were nearly two and a half times the size of Yangwu, which in turn was the largest of the Chinese vessels. During the demonstration, the French showed they could hit targets more than  away. Afterwards, Yangwu headed to the naval yard at Foochow (now Fuzhou), while the remaining Chinese ships steamed to the port of Tianjin.

Battle of Foochow (Fuzhou)

On August 9, 1884, French naval forces attacked and captured Keelung on the island of Formosa in response to Chinese involvement in the Tonkin Campaign and specifically the Bắc Lệ ambush. Shortly afterwards, the French Navy′s Far East Squadron under Rear Admiral Amédée Courbet, comprising the cruisers , , and  along with a number of smaller vessels, was sent up the Min River to attack the arsenal at Foochow. As they travelled upriver, the Chinese declared war on the French, officially marking the start of the Sino-French War.

Yangwu led the Fujian Fleet protecting Foochow under the command of Captain Chang Cheng, which otherwise comprised three sloops in addition to a variety of gunboats, transports, launches and war junks. The Royal Navy and United States Navy vessels in the port made certain to anchor a distance away from where the engagement was expected to take place. The vessels faced off for several days before the French forces made their attack, as they were awaiting reinforcement by the ironclad . They planned to attack just before 2pm on August 23, with two torpedo boats tasked with engaging Yangwu and the gunboat Fusheng on the first signal.

Just before 2pm on August 23, the attack began after a broadside from the gunboat Zhenwei at the French gunboat Lynx. This was the signal for the small boats to move forward, and some 27 seconds later a massive explosion erupted from Yangwu. Boat No. 46 had impacted with her spar torpedo just below the waterline amidships. The detonation was so large that only fifteen of the crew survived and it was claimed that bodies launched into the air were found on the rooftops of houses over  away, although this was later considered to be an outlandish claim. The number of survivors was likewise questioned by eyewitnesses on board the screw sloop , as the official report claimed that the senior officers survived whereas the witnesses suggested that the only possible survivors would have been those who threw themselves into the river before the explosion.

A report appeared following the battle of an interview with Mr. Yung, who claimed to have survived the Yangwu explosion having been stationed at the stern of the vessel. He explained that the ship had returned fire to the  before being hit by the spar torpedo, and orders were given to continue firing after the explosion. Fire from Hotchkiss guns on French vessels made this difficult. But, despite this Yangwu disabled the other torpedo boat. The Captain handed Yung a flotation device and decided that the junior crew member should jump first, with the Captain following. As he swam away, Yung saw the Captain helping an engineer who had suffered severe burns but shortly afterwards the fore gunpowder magazine detonated, destroying the rest of the ship.

The wreck of Yangwu drifted as the French fired on her as she caught fire and sank. The victory of the French forces at Foochow was decisive, with losses estimated either at six or 12 personnel with 27 missing. The Chinese losses were far greater, at 521 killed, 150 wounded and a large number missing after the battle. The bombardment of the arsenal lasted for two days before the French ships headed back down the river, destroying any forts they encountered on the way.

Notes

References

Naval ships of Imperial China
1872 ships
Victorian-era corvettes
Maritime incidents in August 1884
Ships built in China
Naval ships of China
Shipwrecks of China
Shipwrecks in rivers
Sino-French War naval ships


Twilight Comes Twice is a children's book of free verse written by Ralph Fletcher and illustrated by Kate Kiesler.  It was first published in 1997 and describes the transitions from night to day and from day to night.

Reception
Publishers Weekly said in their review: "In spite of the commanding beauty of the language and art, however, the book engages the reader's emotions only minimally. Rather than invite the reader to be a direct participant in the experience itself, the text, is written in the second person, seems to ask the audience to stand in awe of an adult's ruminations. There are distinct pleasures to be had here, but they are chiefly cerebral." Virginia Golodetz reviewing for the School Library Journal said "the personification of dawn and dusk seems strained, and the metaphors are sometimes more distracting than illuminating, e.g., dusk "pours/the syrup of darkness/into the forest" and "hisses on the sprinklers."  The pictures speak more clearly than the words."

References

External links

Ralph Fletcher's website

1997 children's books
1997 poetry books
American picture books
American poetry collections
Children's poetry books
Picture books by Ralph Fletcher
Children's books about night


Paal Brekke (17 September 1923 – 2 December 1993) was a Norwegian lyricist, novelist, translator of poetry, and literary critic. Brekke fled from occupied Norway to Sweden in 1940, when he was 17 years old. He made his literary debut in 1942, with the poetry collection Av din jord er vi til (From thy soil we exist). His first novel was På flukt (On the run, 1946).

Brekke has been called the father of modernism in Norway. He was awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature in 1972 for the poetry collection Aftenen er stille (Quiet is the evening). He received the Dobloug Prize in 1981.

Biography
As a young refugee Brekke became familiar with modern Swedish poetry. He returned to Norway in 1945, and issued the collection Jeg gikk så lange veier (1945). The novel På flukt (1946) is describing a failed attempt to reach England during the war. Later collections are Skyggefektning (1949), and Løft min krone, vind fra intet (1957). Brekke's contributions to modernist poetry in the 1960s are the collection Det skjeve smil i rosa (1965), poetry combined with political sarcasm, and Granatmannen kommer (poems and other texts, 1968). In the 1970s he issued Aftenen er stille (1972), for which he received the critics prize, Syng, ugle (1978), and Flimmer. Og strek (1980). Late in his life he released the two collections Men barnet i meg spør (1992) and Ostinato (1994, posthumous).

Brekke was soon noticed for his orientation towards modern European poetry, both as poet and critic. He asked for a renewal of Norwegian poetry, and spread knowledge of foreign literature through translations of English modernist writers like T.S.Eliot, and also Indian and Japanese poetry. In the mid 1950s Brekke participated in the debate on lyrical form, and opposed André Bjerke and Arnulf Øverland in the so-called Glossolalia debate.

The travel book En munnfull av Ganges (1962) is written after a visit to India in 1960, where Brekke was faced with poverty and hunger in the third world, and became aware of the underlying conflicts between rich and poor nations.

Selected works
Av din jord er vi til (1942)
Fri är du född (1943)
Landflyktig soldat (1945)
Jeg gikk så lange veier (1945)
På flukt (1946)
Skyggefektning (1949)
Aldrende Orfeus (1951)
Og hekken vokste kjempehøy (1953)
Løft min krone, vind fra intet (1957)
Roerne fra Itaca (1960)
En munnfull av Ganges (1962)
De skjeve smil i rosa (1965)
Granatamannen kommer (1968)
Aftenen er stille (1972)
Syng, ugle (1978)
Flimmer. Og strek (1980)

Translations

T.S.Eliot: Det golde landet og andre dikt (1949)
Amerikansk lyrikk (1957)
Moderne japansk lyrikk (1965)
Indisk lyrikk (1979)

Awards
Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature 1972
Dobloug Prize 1981
Riksmål Society Literature Prize 1992

References

1923 births
1993 deaths
20th-century Norwegian poets
Norwegian male poets
Norwegian modernist poets
Dobloug Prize winners
20th-century Norwegian novelists
Norwegian male novelists
20th-century Norwegian male writers


The 2000 Hamburg Masters was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 94th edition of the Hamburg Masters, and was part of the ATP Masters Series of the 2000 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from 15 May until 21 May 2000. Fifth-seeded Gustavo Kuerten won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 Gustavo Kuerten defeated  Marat Safin 6–4, 5–7, 6–4, 5–7, 7–6(7–3)
It was Kuerten's 2nd title of the year, and his 7th overall. It was his 1st Masters title of the year, and his 3rd overall.

Doubles

 Todd Woodbridge /  Mark Woodforde defeated  Wayne Arthurs /  Sandon Stolle, 6–7(4–7), 6–4, 6–3

References

External links

 ATP tournament profile

Hamburg Masters
Hamburg Masters
Hamburg Masters
Hamburg European Open


David V. Monasterio Ruiz (born January 13, 1971) is a former international freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Puerto Rico, who participated at the 1992 Summer Olympics for his native country. He won three relay medals (one silver, two bronze) at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba. He has three brothers, Eric, Eugenio, and Manuel. David attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and earned an MBA from Indiana University Bloomington.

References

1971 births
Living people
Puerto Rican male swimmers
Male butterfly swimmers
Puerto Rican male freestyle swimmers
Swimmers at the 1991 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers for Puerto Rico
Pan American Games silver medalists for Puerto Rico
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Puerto Rico
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Puerto Rico
Competitors at the 1990 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1991 Pan American Games


Thomas H. Killion (born 1957) is an American politician. A Republican, he was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 9th Senatorial District from 2016 until 2020. He previously served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 168th district from 2003 to 2016.

Early life and education
Killion was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and graduated from Cardinal O'Hara High School in 1975.  He received a B.S. in criminal justice from the Pennsylvania State University in 1979.

Political career

Early career
Killion served as a fraud investigator with the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue and later founded his own pension advisory firm, InR Advisors.  In 1990, he became the campaign chairman for Rep. Curt Weldon and worked in that capacity through 2003.

He was elected as a member of Delaware County Council in 1991 and served from 1992 to 2000 including as Chairman.

Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Killion was elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 168th district in 2003.  He defeated William Thomas in a special election to succeed former Pennsylvania House Speaker Rep. Matt Ryan, who died of leukemia earlier that year.  He was re-elected to six consecutive terms until his resignation on May 10, 2016.

Killion announced plans to run for Lieutenant Governor on December 4, 2009.  He ended his campaign for that position on January 8, 2010, and announced plans to once again run for the State House in 2010.

Pennsylvania State Senate
He was elected to the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 9th Senatorial District in a special election on April 26, 2016 to replace Dominic Pileggi and was sworn into office on May 11, 2016.

Killion has served on multiple boards including for the Children and Adult Disability and Educational Services (CADES), SEPTA, VisitPhilly, the Chester County Chamber of Business & Industry, Southeastern PA Chamber of Commerce and the Southeastern PA Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.

Killion was defeated in his bid for re-election in 2020 by Democrat John I. Kane.

Personal life
Killion lives in Middletown Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania with his wife and daughters.  He is a member of the St. Thomas the Apostle Church in Chester Heights, Pennsylvania.

References

External links
 Senator Tom Killion official PA Senate website

|-

1957 births
Living people
21st-century American politicians
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
Republican Party Pennsylvania state senators
Pennsylvania State University alumni
People from Middletown Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania


The Million Eyes of Sumuru is a 1967 British spy film produced by Harry Alan Towers, directed by Lindsay Shonteff and filmed at the Shaw Brothers studios in Hong Kong. It stars Frankie Avalon and George Nader, with Shirley Eaton as the title character Sumuru (). It was based on a series of novels by Sax Rohmer about a megalomaniacal femme fatale.

The film was released in the U.S. by American International Pictures on 17 May 1967. In the U.K., it was released through Warner-Pathé on 3 December, titled simply Sumuru. Terry Bourke was production manager.

Plot
Sumuru is a beautiful and evil woman who plans world domination by having her sexy all-female army eliminate male leaders and replace them with her female agents.

The Chief of Security for President Boong of Sinonesia is killed. Two Americans in Hong Kong, Nick West and his friend Tommy Carter, are persuaded by the head of British intelligence, Colonel Baisbrook, to investigate. They discover the organisation headed by Sumuru, which claims to be interested in peaceful activities.

A dead girl winds up in Nick's bed and he ends up being framed for murder. Nick and Tommy go to Hong Kong to stop an assassination.

Cast

 Frankie Avalon as Agent Tommy Carter
 George Nader as Agent Nick West
 Shirley Eaton as Sumuru
 Wilfrid Hyde-White as Colonel Sir Anthony Baisbrook
 Klaus Kinski as President Boong
 Patti Chandler as Louise
 Salli Sachse as Mikki
 Ursula Rank as Erno
 Krista Nell as Zoe
 Maria Rohm as Helga Martin
 Paul Chang Chungas as Inspector Koo
 Essie Lin Chia as Kitty (as Essie Huang)
 Jon Fong as Colonel Medika
 Denise Davreux as Sumuru Guard
 Mary Cheng as Sumuru Guard
 Jill Hamilton as Sumuru Guard
 Lisa Gray as Sumuru Guard
 Christine Lok as Sumuru Guard
 Margaret Cheung as Sumuru Guard
 Louise Lee as Sumuru Guard

Legacy
Shirley Eaton reprised her role as Sumuru in Jess Franco's follow-up The Girl from Rio (1969). Eaton later said "I did enjoy being the wicked lady Sumuru in two rather bad films, which I had not had the chance to be before." However, she retired from acting shortly afterwards.

The Million Eyes of Sumuru inspired riot grrrl musician Lois Maffeo to adopt Bikini Kill as a band name. She and her friend Margaret Doherty used the name for a one-off performance where they donned faux fur punk cave girl costumes. Tobi Vail liked the name and appropriated it for the iconic punk group after Maffeo settled on the band name Cradle Robbers.

The film is used in Episode 18 of the KTMA season of Mystery Science Theater 3000 as well as an episode in Season 13.
It is also featured as a video on demand from its spiritual successor RiffTrax.

References

External links

 Episode guide: K18- The Million Eyes of Sumuru

1967 films
1960s spy thriller films
British spy thriller films
1960s English-language films
Films directed by Lindsay Shonteff
Films scored by John Scott (composer)
Films shot in Hong Kong
1960s British films
English-language thriller films


Ultimate Collection is a compilation album released by English singer Rick Astley in 2008. It contains the song "Full of You," considered previously unreleased as it only appears on the Germany album Keep It Turned On. The album reached #17 on the UK Album Chart.

Track listing
"Never Gonna Give You Up"
"Together Forever" (Lover's Leap Remix)
"My Arms Keep Missing You" (The "Where's Harry?" Remix)
"Whenever You Need Somebody" (7" Version)
"She Wants to Dance with Me" (Watermix)
"When I Fall in Love"
"Cry for Help"
"Take Me to Your Heart"
"It Would Take a Strong Strong Man"
"Hold Me in Your Arms"
"Hopelessly"
"Move Right Out"
"The Ones You Love" (Edit)
"Never Knew Love" (Remix)
"Body and Soul"
"Vincent"
"Full of You"

External links
Ultimate Collection News

Rick Astley compilation albums
2008 compilation albums


From the Heart is an album by Welsh mezzo-soprano Katherine Jenkins, released in China in 2007. It is a compilation of tracks from Jenkins' previous UK albums.

Track listing
 "Nella Fantasia"
 "(Quello Che Faró) Sarà Per Te (Everything I Do) I Do It For You"
 "Time to Say Goodbye (Con Te Partiró)"
 "Pearl Fishers"/"The Flower Duet"
 "Caruso"
 "Turandot"/"Nessun Dorma!"
 "L'Amore Sei Tu" ("I Will Always Love You")
 "Vide Cor Meum"
 "Prayer"
 "Canto"
 "Carmen/Chanson Bohème"
 "Hymn to the Fallen"
 "Canto Della Terra"
 "Cinema Paradiso"/"Se"

2007 compilation albums
Katherine Jenkins albums
Polydor Records compilation albums


Crossroads: Cruce de Caminos is the title of a studio album released by Regional Mexican band Intocable. This album became their fourth number-one set on the Billboard Top Latin Albums, and was released in a standard CD presentation, CD/DVD combo including bonus materials and a Fan Edition with an extra track.

Track listing
The track listing from Billboard.com

CD and CD/DVD

Fan Edition
On October 23, 2007 a Fan Edition was released with the same track list and a new song titled "Me Faltas Tú" and bonus features.

Personnel
This information from Allmusic.
 Lloyd Maines — Acoustic guitar, dobro, pedal steel, arranger, producer, guest appearance, mixing
 René Martínez — Producer, executive producer, mixing, drums, group member
 Nicolas Barry — Piano, project coordinator, guest appearance
 Alan Baxter — Executive producer, project coordinator
 Brian Beken — Fiddle, guest appearance
 Junior Cabral — Banjo, mandolin, arranger, guest appearance
 Mickey Cevallos — Photography
 Cory Churko — Fiddle, guest appearance
 José Ángel Farías — Mixing, group member
 Marco Gamboa — Piano, Hammond organ, engineer, guest appearance
 José Angel González — Mixing, group member
 Jose Juan Hernandez — Rhythm, mixing, animation, group member
 Tomas Jacobi — Project coordinator
 John Karpowich — Engineer
 Marc Muller — Acoustic guitar, mandolin, pedal steel, lap steel guitar, guest appearance
 Paul Olivarri — Production coordination
 Marco A. Ramírez — Mastering
 Silvestre Rodríguez — Mixing, group member
 Johnny Lee Rosas — Bass, mixing, vocals, group member
 Jack Saenz — Engineer, mixing
 Félix G. Salinas — Electric bass, mixing, group member
 Daniel Sánchez — Bass, mixing, segundo, group member
 Sergio Serna — Percussion, group member
Danny Reisch—Engineer
 Matt Serrechio — Assistant engineer
 John Silva — Engineer, guest appearance
 Esteban Villanueva — Project coordinator

Chart performance

Year-End Charts

Sales and certifications

References

2006 albums
Intocable albums
EMI Latin albums


Love Songs, released on the Gold Label in 2000, contains a selection of songs from the Love Songs disc from the 1999 My Hits and Love Songs album.

Track listing

 "Ebb Tide" (Sigmon, Maxwell) - 2:21
 "Since I Fell For You" (Johnson) - 2:41
 "(What a) Wonderful World" (Sam Cooke, Lou Adler, Herb Alpert) - 2:16
 "It's All In The Game" (Dawes, Sigman) - 2:34
 "And I Love You So" (Don McLean) - 3:13
 "Let It Be Me" (Gilbert Bécaud, Mann Curtis) with Debby Campbell - 2:00
 "Time in a Bottle" (Jim Croce) - 2:19
 "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" (Phil Spector, Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil) - 4:21
 "Make It Easy On Yourself" (Burt Bacharach, Hal David) - 3:04
 "Only Love Can Break Your Heart" (Burt Bacharach, Hal David) - 3:20
 "The Rest Of The Road" (Thurman, Brasher) - 3:33
 "I Believe" (Drake, Graham, Shirl, Stillman) - 2:06

Personnel
Glen Campbell - vocals
Debby Campbell - vocals

Production
Producer - Jack Jackson/Jack Jackson Music Group, Nashville, TN
Recorder engineer - Bob Kruson
Remixes - Nick Smith, Kevin Stagg, Martin Smith, Howard Kruger and Jack Dorsey, England
Manufactured by The Gold Label -Honest Entertainment from TKO Licensing, Nashville, TN.

References

2000 compilation albums
Glen Campbell compilation albums