Sir Thomas Angus Lyall Paton  (10 May 1905 – 7 April 1999) was a British civil engineer from Jersey. Paton was born into a family that had founded the civil engineering firms of Easton, Gibb & Son and Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners and he would spend his entire professional career working for the latter.  Following his graduation from University College London one of his first jobs was the construction of a dam in Maentwrog in Wales.  Paton later became an expert on dams and much of his career was devoted to their construction.  In 1931 he undertook an economic survey of Canada which recommended a programme of works for its port system. This report was still being used into the 1970s.  During the Second World War Paton was involved with the construction of gun emplacements in the Dardanelles, Turkey and of caissons for the Mulberry Harbours used after the Invasion of Normandy.

After the Second World War, Paton undertook an economic survey of Syria, which made recommendations for port, water infrastructure, irrigation and hydroelectric improvements.  This was followed by a similar report on Lebanon and one on the possibility of extending railways from Northern Rhodesia to neighbouring countries.  From 1946, Paton worked almost exclusively on hydroelectric projects, beginning with the Owen Falls Hydroelectric Scheme in Uganda.  He also worked on the Kariba Dam in Zambia and Zimbabwe, which was the largest dam in the world when built and for which he was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George.  He was also involved with the Indus Basin Project, the Aswan High Dam, the Hendrik Verwoerd Dam, the P.K. Le Roux Dam, the Spioenkop Dam and the Tarbela Dam.  Paton was knighted in 1973 and retired in 1977, remaining a senior consultant to Gibb and Partners.  He spent his retirement in Jersey, where he died at St Helier on 7 April 1999.  Paton was dedicated to his professional career and served as President of both the Institution of Civil Engineers (November 1970 – November 1971) and the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers.

Early life
Angus, the name he preferred, was born on the island of Jersey in the Channel Islands on 10 May 1905. His father, Thomas Lyall Paton, was a journalist and author. His mother, Janet, was the daughter of Easton Gibb, founder of Easton, Gibb & Son, a firm of civil engineering contractors. His uncle on his mother's side, Alexander Gibb, was also a civil engineer and had founded Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners, where Paton would spend his professional career. Paton left Jersey with his family in 1909 and spent a year in England before being sent to school in Boulogne-sur-Mer in France then Lausanne in Switzerland. He returned to England at the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. He spent the next six years living in St Leonards-on-Sea in Sussex where he lived next door to his future wife, Joan Delme-Murray.

Paton spent four years at Brunswick preparatory school in Haywards Heath, Sussex before studying at Cheltenham College. He was a good student, which he put down to an excellent maths teacher, a good memory and being "not much good at games". On Alexander Gibb's advice Paton read for a degree in civil engineering at University College London (UCL), where he had won a scholarship at the age of 17. Whilst at UCL Paton earned half-colours for long distance running and became the only student to graduate with a first class honours Bachelor of Science degree in engineering in 1925.

Work

Post-graduation

Upon graduation Paton joined Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners, which had been founded in 1922. One of his first jobs there was to assist with the design of a new jetty for Barking Power Station. In 1927 he worked on a dam at Maentwrog in North Wales and between 1932 and 1933 was resident engineer on the Glenlee portion of the Galloway hydro-electric power scheme. Paton was seconded to the Rangoon Port Trust in 1930 to construct a wharf for the export of lead from Burma. This wharf survived a serious earthquake on 5 May 1930 and was opened on 20 February 1931. On 10 April 1931 Paton sailed to Canada to undertake a survey of its ports and outline the additional facilities that would be required in the next 25–50 years. He was assisted in this for six weeks by Ralph Freeman who had designed the Sydney Harbour Bridge. The report was issued on 15 January 1932 but was not implemented until 1935 with the election of William Lyon Mackenzie King as Prime Minister of Canada. The report's findings continued to be in use until the 1970s. Paton was responsible for the construction of a new brewery for Guinness in Park Royal, London from October 1933 to October 1936. This was the biggest job of his career thus far and involved the construction of seven steel framed buildings, a power station, a storage silo, roads and railway sidings. Paton also built industrial and trading estates in Wales, West Cumberland and London. He was made a partner in the firm in 1938.

Second World War

During the Second World War the running of Gibb and Partners fell largely to Paton and James Guthrie Brown. Gibb and Partners gained a large number of government contracts and within a few weeks of the start of the war in September 1939 the workforce increased by 2000. Paton designed and sited several Royal Ordnance Factories and in March 1940 travelled to Turkey to construct an iron and steel works there. Whilst in Turkey he was contracted to build emplacements to contain guns from mothballed battleships in the Dardanelles. The construction of the emplacements was completed but the guns would later be prevented from reaching the site by the Axis occupation of Greece. Paton made his way back to Britain via Greece, Italy and France and arrived home two days prior to the Italian declaration of war against the Allies on 10 June 1940. He also constructed a plant at Barry in South Wales for the extraction of Magnesium Hydroxide from the sea, a turbine factory for British Thomson-Houston Company and a £7 million underground aircraft engine factory. From 1943–44 Paton supervised the construction, in London Docks, of the precast concrete caissons required for the construction of Mulberry Harbours following the Normandy Landings. From 1944–45 he was in charge of the rebuilding of houses damaged by V-2 rockets in the London districts of Wanstead and Woodford.

Post-war
In 1945 Paton began construction of a wool factory at Darlington and a Rayon factory at Carrickfergus, both jobs were completed in 1951. In 1946 Paton was put in charge of an economic survey of Syria which required him to traverse the country by aircraft and car. The report, issued in 1947, recommended port, water infrastructure and irrigation improvements and the construction of a hydroelectric power station on the Euphrates River. Paton undertook a similar survey in Lebanon from 1947 to 1948. He was also involved in a report on the possibility of running a railroad from Northern Rhodesia to Dar es Salaam, Mtwara and Nyasaland.

Paton worked extensively in the field of hydroelectric power and became regarded as a world authority on the matter. From 1946 to 1955 he worked on the Owen Falls Hydroelectric Scheme in Uganda which resulted in the complete stoppage of the White Nile for the first time in history. Following the completion of Owen Falls Dam, Paton worked on the first stage of the Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River, of which he said that it was the "highlight of his professional career". Paton made 22 visits to the site, of a total duration of 267 days. The project itself was, at 420 ft high, the largest dam built until then and, despite some of the worst floods on record hitting the project, was completed in 1960 at £5 million under budget. In recognition of his work on the Kariba project Paton was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George on 1 January 1960. As a result of the success of the Kariba project Gibb and Partners became involved with many of the biggest dam projects of the next two decades including works in Sudan, Argentina, South Africa and Pakistan.

Paton was later involved in the second stage of the Kariba Project and in the Aswan High Dam project. In 1955 he became a senior partner in Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners upon the death of Alistair Gibb in a polo accident. From 1960 until 1977, when he retired, Paton was the responsible partner for the firm's involvement in the supervision of the $1.2 billion World Bank Indus Basin Project. This included the construction of the Mangla Dam between 1962 and 1968.

In 1962 Gibb & Partners was one of two firms chosen (with Coyne et Bellier) by the South African government to build two dams on the Orange River. The first to be constructed was the Hendrik Verwoerd Dam which was officially opened in March 1972. The second, the P.K. Le Roux Dam, was finished in 1977. Following the success of this project Paton was retained to build a third, smaller dam, the Spioenkop Dam, which was finished in 1972. Paton was also involved with the tunnelling and underground powerhouse for the Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme. Paton was retained by the World Bank once more in 1967 to supervise the construction of the Tarbela Dam in Pakistan, which was completed in 1976. He also worked on the modernisation of the Royal Mint which involved the move from its 600-year home at Tower Hill to Llantrisant in Wales in time for decimalisation in 1971.

Retirement
Paton retired from the firm in 1977 but worked for them again as a senior consultant between 1979 and 1985. During this time he worked on the James Bay Project, a large hydroelectric and infrastructure development in Quebec, Canada. Paton spent the last twenty years of his life in retirement in Jersey in the Channel Islands. In his working life he had visited 48 countries and spent 3152 days abroad. During his career with Gibb and Partners he had grown the company from a 400 employee, home-based company to one which employed more than 1500 engineers working in 63 countries. He was also largely responsible for leading the trend of exporting British technical expertise around the world.

Paton made an endowment to the Royal Academy of Engineering in 1986, as a result the Academy awards the Sir Angus Paton Bursary of £7000 annually to a masters student. Paton married on 7 June 1933 to Joan with whom he raised two daughters and two sons. Joan died on 7 January 1964, an event which spurred him to become more involved in his profession. Paton died at St Helier in Jersey on 7 April 1999.

Personal life

Paton married Eleanor Joan Delmé-Murray on 7 June 1933, they remained married until her death at the age of 53 in 1964. They had two sons and two daughters.

Professional recognition

Institutional and committee memberships
In addition to his busy work schedule Paton served his profession on numerous councils and committees. The first of these was as chairman of the Association of Consulting Engineers between 1949 and 1950, an association of which he was made an honorary member in 1984. Paton served on the council of the Institution of Civil Engineers from 1954 to 1959 and again from 1961 to 1966. He was elected vice president of that institution, a position he filled from 1966 to 1970 when he was elected president. Whilst serving as president he started New Civil Engineer magazine to keep members up to date with civil engineering news.

From 1960 to 1965 Paton was a board member of the Hydraulics Research Station of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and from 1964 to 1975 he served on the council of the Construction Industry Research and Information Association. Paton was also the British representative on the committee of the International Commission on Large Dams between 1966 and 1973. From 1968 to 1970 he was chairman of the National Economic Development Council's working party on large industrial construction sites and from 1969 to 1974 was a member of the Natural Environment Research Council. Paton was vice-chairman of the Council of Engineering Institutions from 1971 to 1972 and chairman for 1972 to 1973. From 1974 to 1979 he was chairman of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food flood protection research committee. Paton was also a member emeritus of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers and served as their president in 1980.

Other honours
Paton was awarded many honours for his contributions to civil engineering. In 1952 he was made an honorary fellow of University College London and he was also a fellow of the Institution of Structural Engineers and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Paton was made a fellow of the Royal Society in 1969 and served as one of its vice-presidents for the 1977–78 session. Paton became one of the few practising engineers to have held that post.

He was created a knight bachelor in the Queen's Birthday Honours of 1973 in recognition of his services to the construction industry. This knighthood was personally conferred upon him by Queen Elizabeth II on 7 November 1973. In 1976 Paton became a founding member of the Fellowship of Engineering and received an honorary Doctorate of Science (DSc) in engineering from the University of London in 1977. In 1978 he was made an honorary fellow of Imperial College London and received another honorary DSc in engineering from Bristol University.

References

British civil engineers
Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
1905 births
1999 deaths
Knights Bachelor
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
People educated at Cheltenham College
Alumni of University College London
Jersey people


Nokailwa  is a village development committee in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8,358 people living in 1,452 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sarlahi  District

Populated places in Sarlahi District


David Allan Edstrom (September 10, 1938 – May 9, 2019) was a decathlete from the United States. He won the gold medal in the men's decathlon event at the 1959 Pan American Games in Chicago. He represented his native country at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He competed for Sherwood High School (Oregon), the University of Oregon, the Emerald Empire TC, the Oregon TC, and the US Air Force. He had six children.

References

1938 births
2019 deaths
American male decathletes
Athletes (track and field) at the 1959 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Olympic track and field athletes for the United States
Oregon Ducks men's track and field athletes
Track and field athletes from Portland, Oregon
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
People from Sherwood, Oregon
Medalists at the 1959 Pan American Games


A Fish Out of Water is a 1961 American children's book written by Helen Palmer Geisel (credited as Helen Palmer) and illustrated by P. D. Eastman. The book is based on a short story by Palmer's husband Theodor Geisel (Dr. Seuss), "Gustav, the Goldfish", which was published with his own illustrations in Redbook magazine in June 1950.

Plot
The story is about a boy who buys a fish from a pet store. The boy names the fish Otto. Mr. Carp, the owner, gives the boy instructions on how to care for the fish, including strict feeding instructions: "Never feed him a lot. Just so much, and no more! Never more than a spot! Or something may happen. You never know what."  When the boy inadvertently disobeys these instructions out of compassion for his new pet, Otto begins to grow uncontrollably, quickly outgrowing his fishbowl. This leads the boy to move him into a series of successively larger containers, ending with the bathtub. When Otto outgrows the tub, the house begins to flood.

The boy then requests help from a police officer and the fire department, who help him take Otto down to the local pool, where they drop the fish in, causing him to expand to the size of the pool and scare off all of the swimmers. Since Otto keeps on growing, the boy calls Mr. Carp who is not surprised, as boys always ignore his feeding instructions. When Mr. Carp arrives, he dives into the pool and pulls Otto below. Eventually, he emerges with the fish, back to its normal size. He refuses to say how he did it, but tells the boy to never overfeed Otto again, and the boy now knows what happens and takes his advice to heart.

Background
"Gustav, the Goldfish", the short story that served as the basis for this book, was written and illustrated by Dr. Seuss and published in the June 1950 edition of Redbook magazine as the first installment in his series of children's stories for Redbook.  This story has much in common with A Fish Out of Water, including its plot and characters. However, the goldfish's name is Gustav instead of Otto, and the pet shop owner's name is Mr. VanBuss instead of Mr. Carp. The original story was collected, along with six other Dr. Seuss stories originally published in magazines, in the 2011 collection The Bippolo Seed and Other Lost Stories.

In 1959, in a letter to his wife, he gave her formal permission to write a book for the Beginner Books series based on his original story, writing, "You have the right to use any of the situations or any of the words from the original story that your little heart desires. You must, however, comply with all necessary steps in protecting my original copyright." Palmer's work involved, in part, rewriting and simplifying the original text to comply with Beginner Books' policies. She finished A Fish Out of Water in 1961, at the Hotel Madison in New York City where she and her husband were staying for six weeks while their home in La Jolla, California, was being remodeled. She had apparently been working on the book continuously, as she jokingly described this last revision as "the 9,373th version" of the book.

References

1961 children's books
American picture books
Random House books
Books by P. D. Eastman


Landin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Peter J. Landin (1930–2009), British computer scientist
 Mark Landin, municipality in Brandenburg, Germany
 Niklas Landin Jacobsen (born 1988), Danish handballer
 Luis Ángel Landín (born 1985), Mexican footballer

See also
 Landing (disambiguation)


Parsa is a rural municipality in Sarlahi District, a part of Province No. 2 in Nepal. It is situated 10 km East from Malangwa which is headquarter of Sarlahi. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 6 sections (wards) from previous 6 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 23.12 km2 with a total population of 21,650. The major language spoken in the rural municipality are Maithili and Bajjika.

Schools
In Parsa municipality, there are five government schools. Among them two are secondary schools:1. Shree Public Secondary School is in the northern part of the village. This school is up to 12th grade. Students from nearby villages also attend this school.

2. Shree Nepal Rastriya Baiju Janata Secondary School is in ward no.2 in Sangrampur village. This is the first school in the rural municipality which started 11&12 classes.

Markets
There are two main market places. One in Sangrampur and other in Parsa village. In Sangrampur market sets on Monday and Friday while in Parsa it sets on Sunday and Thursday. There are many shops in both the markets which sets for vegetables and goods selling every week. These markets are near the Indian border so many Indian residents also come to trade goods in these markets. Some other small markets are in Jingadwa, Narayanpur, and Parsa villages.

Boundaries
East- Hardi Khola
South- Indian border
West- Sakhuvillage of Brahmpuri R. M. Waba
West North- Nokavillage of Brahmpuri R. M. Ilwa
North- Pivillage of Brahmpuri R. M.
West- of Haripurwa municipality. Dhagarwa

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sarlahi  District

Populated places in Sarlahi District
Rural municipalities of Nepal established in 2017
Rural municipalities in Madhesh Province


The Second Stanhope Ministry was the ninth ministry of the Government of the Australian Capital Territory, and was led by Labor Chief Minister Jon Stanhope and his deputies Ted Quinlan (2004–2006) and Katy Gallagher (2006–2008). It was sworn in on 4 November 2004, following the Labor government's landslide re-election at the 2004 election. The retirement of veteran member Bill Wood at the election created a vacancy in the ministry, and backbencher John Hargreaves, who had polled exceptionally well at the election, was appointed to fill the position.

There were several changes during the term of this ministry. The first, albeit minor, changes in March 2005 saw Deputy Chief Minister Quinlan pick up several new portfolios. A much greater change occurred in April 2006 when Quinlan's retirement from politics sparked a major reshuffle and the appointment of a new minister in Andrew Barr. A final change occurred in April 2007, when Simon Corbell was stripped of his responsibilities for planning after publicly criticising Chief Minister Stanhope over his handling of the area, and Stanhope chose to reactivate an environment and climate change ministry.

The ministry was replaced by the Third Stanhope Ministry after the Labor government's re-election at the 2008 election.

First arrangement

This covers from the period from 4 November 2004 (when the ministry was sworn in) until 20 April 2006. There was one minor change during this term when, six months later on 2 March 2005, additional ministries were added to Quinlan's responsibilities, covering the ministries of business, tourism, sport and recreation and racing and gaming. This arrangement continued until the retirement of Ted Quinlan that resulted in a major reshuffle of the ministry, and the appointment of Andrew Barr to fill the subsequent vacancy, as outlined in the second arrangement.

Second arrangement

This covers the period from 20 April 2006, when Andrew Barr was sworn in following the retirement of Ted Quinlan, through until the swearing in of the Third Stanhope Ministry following the Labor government's re-election at the 2008 election. There was one minor change during this term when, twelve months later on 17 April 2007, Stanhope assumed the expanded ministry of environment, water and climate change; the ministry for children and young people was restored to Gallagher's responsibilities; and the planning ministry transferred from Corbell to Barr.

References

Australian Capital Territory ministries
Australian Labor Party ministries in the Australian Capital Territory


Abdoun is a residential area of Amman, Jordan. Abdoun is considered by many to be the most affluent district of the city, and is located towards the south of the city. Some of Jordan's most expensive real estate is located in the district.

Abdoun Circle is surrounded by numerous restaurants, cafés, and stalls, and is a popular spot among Amman's youth. Abdoun Mall, the first mall to open in Amman at the time of its opening, is also located in the district.

Abdoun is neighbored by the districts of Deir Ghbar, Sweifieh, Jabal Al-Akhdar, Al-Hilal, Al-Yasmin, and Jabal Amman. The Abdoun Bridge connects the 4th Circle in Jabal Amman to the Abdoun Circle and a highway continues through Abdoun and into south Amman.

Neighbourhoods of Amman


Treaty of Prenzlau or Peace of Prenzlau () may refer to several treaties during a series of wars between the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Pomerania fought for control of Pomerania-Stettin, and possession of the Uckermark in the 15th century. The First Peace of Prenzlau ended a war fought between 1445 and 1448, while the Second Peace of Prenzlau ended a war fought between 1466 and 1468. In older documents, Prenzlau may be spelled Prenzlow, which was the common spelling during the time period the treaties were drawn and was only changed during the 19th century. Prenzlau is situated in the center of Uckermark.

First Peace of Prenzlau (1448)
After a series of conflicts, the Brandenburgian margraves and the Pomeranian dukes partitioned the Uckermark with the Treaty of Prenzlau (1448). The southern parts should belong to Brandenburg, while the northern parts stayed with Pomerania. The northern parts were to be inherited by Brandenburg in case the House of Pomerania were to become extinct. The peace treaty was prepared in 1447 and signed on 3 May 1448.

Second Peace of Prenzlau (1472, 1479)
War started again when Stettin (Szczecin) refused to hail the Brandenburgian margraves, which it was supposed to following the Treaty of Soldin (1466). Brandenburg responded by attacking the Pomeranian duchy and advanced deep into Pomerania-Stettin, which before the war included the Uckermark.

Most of the fighting in this war was ended by a truce, the treaty of Prenzlau (1468): Brandenburg thereby kept the southern Uckermark gained in the course of the war from Pomerania. The truce concluded in September 1468 was prolonged in 1469 in Petrikau.

The Second Treaty of Prenzlau (1472) was a peace treaty signed on 31 May 1472 between Albert III, Elector of Brandenburg, and the Dukes of Pomerania. Based on the terms of the accord, the dukes Eric II and Wartislaw X surrendered the Duchy of Pomerania-Stettin to Albert III, with the Uckermark becoming an integral part of Brandenburg and the remainder of Pomerania-Stettin becoming a Brandenburgian vassal. This accord was confirmed by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III in 1473.

A third treaty of Prenzlau (1479) confirmed the 1472 one.

See also
List of treaties

References

External links
The Gutenberg Encyclopedia
A Concise History of Fortress-Castle Klempenow
From the Middle of the 13th Century to the Death of Bogislaw X (1250-1523)

Treaties of the Duchy of Pomerania
Treaties of the Margraviate of Brandenburg
1440s in the Holy Roman Empire
1448 in Europe
1470s in the Holy Roman Empire
1472 in Europe
1479 in Europe
1440s treaties
1470s treaties


Meare Pool (also known as Ferlingmere, Ferran Mere or Meare fish pool) was a lake in the Somerset Levels in South West England. Lake villages existed there in prehistoric times. During medieval times it was an important fishery, but following extensive drainage works it had disappeared from maps in the 18th century.

Location
Meare Pool was formed by water ponding-up behind the raised peat bogs between the Wedmore and the Polden Hills, and core samples have shown that it is filled with at least  of detritus mud, especially in the Subatlantic climatic period (1st millennium BC).

Meare Pool was located on low-lying levels just north of Meare. Its precise boundaries varied according to season, and, over the longer term, as efforts were made to drain the area. Early 16th-century surveys variously describe it as being up to a mile and a half wide and having a circumference of between 2.5 and 5 miles. The south end was bordered by the high ground that the village of Meare is built upon. The pond would have extended no further west than the current Westhay to Wedmore road, where a shelf of rock formed a natural boundary. To the north lies the Godney ridge. The eastern extent is harder to determine, and it may have gone as far as the site of the Glastonbury Lake Village.

Prehistory
In prehistoric times there were two Meare Lake Villages situated within the lake, occupied at different times between 300 BCE and 100 CE, similar to the nearby Glastonbury Lake Village. The Meare villages were discovered in 1895 but excavation did not start until 1908. More recent studies have shown that the villages were formed by laying dried clay over the Sphagnum Moss of the bog. The pool at that time was at least  long by  wide.

Fishery

In the Domesday book of 1086 the village of Meare is recorded as supporting "10 fishermen and 3 fisheries paying 20 pence". At the time of the Dissolution in 1540, Meare Pool was said to contain a great abundance of pike, tench, roach and eels. In 1638 it was owned by William Freake, who described it as "lately a fish pool".

In the 14th century a Fish House was built at Meare for the chief fisherman of the Abbot of Glastonbury that was also used for salting and preparing fish. It is the only surviving monastic fishery building in England. The importance of this industry is illustrated by a series of acrimonious disputes between Glastonbury and the Dean and Chapter of Wells Cathedral. Glastonbury Abbey required fish on Fridays, fast days and during Lent. As many as 5000 eels were landed in a typical year.

There were also three fishponds which would have allowed fish to have been bred or stored.

Drainage
In early times the Meare Pool collected the waters of the rivers Brue and Sheppey, and discharged in a northerly direction into the Lower River Axe. In the later years of the 12th century the Abbey diverted the Brue to flow westwards, perhaps largely through natural channels, from Meare Pool to join the river Parrett. Further reclamation was carried out in stages between about 1620 and 1740, with the "new Cutts" (or Decoy Rhyne) being built about 1660. The rivers Sheppey and Hartlake were canalised into the River James Wear and Division Rhyne sometime in the late 1730s.

Early drainage work was carried out in the later years of the 12th century, with the responsibility for maintaining all the watercourses between Glastonbury and the sea being placed on named individuals among whom were Ralph de Sancta Barbara of Brentmarsh. Drainage of the surrounding area by monks of Glastonbury Abbey had reduced the size of the lake to  at the time of the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Meare Pool had disappeared from maps by 1749.

Legacy
Current Ordnance Survey maps show Meare Pool as a placename in an area with spot heights of 4m. The 14th-century fish house has been designated as a Grade I listed building and Scheduled Ancient Monument and is now in the care of English Heritage.

In the Second World War a pillbox was located at Meare Pool at the confluence of the Decoy Rhyne and Whitelake River.

References

Geography of Somerset
Somerset Levels


Parwanipur  is a village development committee in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal.  It is 5 km up from Mahendra Highway At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6162 people living in 1122 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sarlahi  District

Populated places in Sarlahi District


Nathan S. Lewis is the George L. Argyros Professor of Chemistry at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). He specializes in functionalization of silicon and other semiconductor surfaces, chemical sensing using chemiresistive sensor arrays, and alternative energy and artificial photosynthesis.

Early life and education
Lewis obtained his B.S. and M.S. degrees at Caltech under Harry B. Gray in 1977 studying the redox reactions of inorganic rhodium complexes. After that, he moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for his Ph.D. in 1981 under Mark S. Wrighton studying semiconductor electrochemistry.

Career

Lewis went to Stanford as an assistant professor from 1981 to 1985 and then as a tenured Associate Professor from 1986 to 1988, before returning to Caltech in 1988.  He became a full professor at Caltech in 1991. In 1992, he became the Principal Investigator of the Molecular Materials Resource Center at the Beckman Institute at Caltech.

His research interests include surface chemistry, particularly silicon surfaces and their photoelectrochemical performance. The study of electron transfer reactions, both at surfaces and in transition metal complexes, in response to light, has relevance for the creation of semiconductors and for artificial photosynthesis. A major focus of his research is solar energy. He is working on the development of components for a  photoanode, photocathode, and  ion-conducting membrane for a system for artificial photosynthesis that would use  sunlight and water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. He is also engaged in "big-picture" thinking about the science and policy issues affecting solar conversion.

In addition, Lewis is involved in the creation and use of novel organic polymers and the creation of sensor arrays and pattern recognition algorithms for an "electronic nose" that can be used for detection of explosives and diagnosis of illness. The American Ceramic Society awarded him the 2003 Edward Orton, Jr. Memorial Lecture award for "An ‘Electronic Nose’ Based on Arrays of Conducting Polymer Composite Vapor Detectors".

In July, 2010 Lewis was named as director of a U.S. Department of Energy Energy Innovation Hub, the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, to develop revolutionary methods to generate fuels directly from sunlight. He has been appointed chair of the Editorial Board for Energy and Environmental Science. He was #17 in the 2009 Rolling Stone list of Agents of Change.

Awards
 1977, Hertz Fellowship
 1985, Sloan Research Fellowship
 1985, Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards
 1988, Presidential Young Investigator Award
 1990, Fresenius Award
 1991, ACS Award in Pure Chemistry
 2003, Edward Orton, Jr. Memorial Lecture award
 2003, Princeton Environmental Award
 2008, Michael Faraday Medal of the Royal Society of Electrochemistry
 2017, National Academy of Inventors Fellow

References

External links
 Presentations regarding challenges involved with widespread adoption of renewable energy technologies

Living people
California Institute of Technology faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American chemists
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
California Institute of Technology alumni


Pedro Ferreira da Silva Filho (born October 24, 1966) is a former decathlete from Brazil. He won the gold medal in the men's decathlon event at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba, and competed for his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

His personal best of 8266 points, set in Walnut, California in 1987, lasted twenty-five years as the Brazilian record. Luiz Alberto de Araújo bettered this mark at the 2012 Brazilian championships. He won three straight decathlon title at the South American Junior Championships in Athletics from 1983 to 1985. He was also the silver medallist at the 1984 Pan American Junior Athletics Championships.

International competitions

References

sports-reference

1966 births
Living people
Brazilian decathletes
Brazilian male athletes
Olympic athletes for Brazil
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games athletes for Brazil
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Pan American Games gold medalists for Brazil
Athletes (track and field) at the 1987 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1991 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1995 Pan American Games
World Athletics Championships athletes for Brazil
Medalists at the 1991 Pan American Games
20th-century Brazilian people


The 2008 Portimão Superbike World Championship round was the last round of the 2008 Superbike World Championship season. It took place on the weekend of October 31-November 2, 2008, at the Autódromo Internacional do Algarve.

Superbike race 1 classification

Superbike race 2 classification

Supersport race classification

References

Portimao Round
Superbike World Championship round


Pattharkot  is a town in Lalbandi Municipality in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,825 people living in 825 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sarlahi  District

Populated places in Sarlahi District


Holy Saviour's Cathedral is a former Anglican cathedral in Xicheng District of Beijing, China.

History
English evangelism started in Beijing in 1862 with the arrival of missionaries John Shaw Burdon and Samuel Isaac Schereschewsky. In 1880, the Diocese of North China was founded to serve the city's growing Anglican population. The property on which the cathedral is situated was originally owned by Ying Keting, an official who worked in the Criminal Department of the Qing Dynasty. Charles Perry Scott, Bishop of the Diocese of North China, purchased with the intention to build a Cathedral for the burgeoning Diocese. The church was built in 1907, and is the oldest surviving Anglican church in Northern China. It was the seat of the Diocese of North China. Anglican worship at the cathedral ended following the Communist takeover in 1949. The building fell into disrepair, but was restored in 1990 by the Saiweng Information and Consulting Center. In 2003, the building was listed as a Beijing Cultural Protection Site. In 2019, the building was converted to a branch of Beijing's Mofan Bookstore.

Structure
Architecturally, the cathedral is cruciform, with the north–south axis laid out as a basilica. Other structural aspects, such as the aisles, are also built in a typically European fashion. However, many of the interior and exterior features are Chinese in style, with the whole building being built with typical grey bricks and Chinese roof shingles that blend with the area's Hutong architecture. The cathedral's bell tower, situated above the crossing, is built in the manner of a pagoda. The cathedral's entrance is also built in the Chinese style, with blessings inscribed. Several memorials to past clergymen are present inside. The cathedral's interior is furnished in the Chinese style, with wooden walls and a trussed timber roof in blonde wood.

References

Churches in Beijing
Anglican cathedrals in China
Former Anglican churches in China
Cathedrals in Beijing
20th-century Anglican church buildings in China


The 2008 Denmark Super Series is the ninth tournament of the 2008 BWF Super Series in badminton. It was held in Odense, Denmark from October 21 to October 26, 2008.

Final Results

External links
Denmark Open Super Series 2008 at tournamentsoftware.com

Denmark Open
B
Denmark
Odense Municipality


is a  mountain of the Hokusetsu Mountains, located on the border of Inagawa, Hyōgo and Nose, Ōsaka, Japan. This mountain is one of Osaka 50 mountains, and an important part of Hokusetsu Natural Park.

Outline
Mount Taka is one of the major mountains of Hokusetsu Mountains. Hokusetsu Mountains are themselves sometimes regarded as a part of Tanba Highland. Mount Taka is a typical mountain in this area like Mount Kenpi, Mount Yokoo and Mount Hankokou.

Religion

Mount Taka which has a pyramidal shape has been an object of worship by the people around the mountain. The most religious spot in the middle of this mountain is Inagawa Fudoson Temple.

Route

There are three routes to the top of the mountain. One is the most popular from Sugio Bus Stop via Inagawa Fudoson. It takes about two hours. From Morigami Bus Stop, there are two routes. It take roughly two and half hours from Morigami to the top.

Access
 Sugio Bus Stop of Hankyu Bus
 Morigami Bus Stop of Hankyu Bus

Gallery

References
 Hokusetsu, Kyoto Nishiyama, Shobunsha, 2007
 Official Home Page of the Geographical Survey Institute in Japan

Mountains of Hyōgo Prefecture
Mountains of Osaka Prefecture


Pidari  is a village development committee in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,106 people living in 545 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sarlahi  District

Populated places in Sarlahi District


The Mount Rainier Historic District is a national historic district located at Mount Rainier, Prince George's County, Maryland, which began as a streetcar suburb located northeast of Washington, D.C.  The district was built on a gently rolling rural landscape from about 1900 to 1940. The district contains more than 1,000 buildings, which are modestly scaled, detached, single-family, frame houses sited closely together with common setbacks. It consists primarily of single-family homes, with some small apartment buildings, a few duplexes, and single family homes that include a small storefront, usually located at the corner of an intersection. With the exception of five churches and a bank building known to have been designed by local architects, the remainder of the district's buildings are vernacular in character.  Some homes contain Queen Anne detailing.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

References

External links
, including photo in 1989, at Maryland Historical Trust website
Boundary Map of the Mount Rainier Historic District, Prince George's County, at Maryland Historical Trust

Historic districts in Prince George's County, Maryland
Queen Anne architecture in Maryland
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Houses in Prince George's County, Maryland
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
National Register of Historic Places in Prince George's County, Maryland


Parariya  is a village development committee in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,786 people living in 676 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Sarlahi  District

Populated places in Sarlahi District


Narford is situated in the Breckland District of Norfolk and covers an area of 970 hectares (3.75 square miles).
Narford village has all but disappeared, with a population of only 41. At the 2011 Census the population of the area remained less than 100 and is included in the civil parish of South Acre.

The villages name probably means 'narrow ford' or 'ford at the narrow place'.

The large 18th-century Narford Hall built by Andrew Fountaine, art collector and amateur architect, is nearby. Giovanni Antonio Pellegrini's decorations were removed from Burlington House in London  by 1727 and survive at Narford Hall. Andrew Fountaine (1918–1997) who was a founder member of the National Labour Party and deputy leader of the British National Front lived at the hall.

To the rear of the hall runs the river River Nar on its way from West Acre towards Narborough. Adjacent to the hall is St Mary the Virgin church in the Benefice of Narborough and part of the Nar Valley Group of Parishes. Both the church and the hall are Grade I listed.

The village is on the Nar Valley Way path.

In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales  described Narford.

Gallery

References

http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Norfolk/Narford

Villages in Norfolk
Breckland District
Civil parishes in Norfolk


Gurdial Singh Rahi (Gurdi'āl Sigh; 10 January 1933 – 16 August 2016) was an Indian writer and novelist who wrote in Punjabi. He started his literary career in 1957 with a short story, "Bhaganwale." He became known as a novelist when he published the novel Marhi Da Deeva in 1964. The novel was later adapted into the Punjabi film Marhi Da Deeva in 1989, directed by Surinder Singh. His novel Anhe Ghore Da Daan was also made into a film of the same name in 2011 by director Gurvinder Singh. Singh was honoured with the Padma Shri in 1998 and Jnanpith Award in 1999.

Life and work

Early life
Gurdial Singh was born on 10 January 1933 in the village of Bhaini Fateh near Jaitu in British Punjab. His father, Jagat Singh, was a carpenter, and his mother, Nihal Kaur, took care of the household. The young Singh began working as a carpenter at the age of 12 to support his family's poor financial conditions. By his own admission, Singh worked 16 hours a day when he took on various jobs such as making wheels for bullock carts and metal sheet forming for water tanks. Together, he and his father earned  a day from hard labour.

In childhood, Singh was interested in painting but gradually he applied himself to a formal education. After successfully persuading Singh's father that his son was worthy of more schooling, Madan Mohan Sharma, the headmaster of a middle school that Singh attended in Jaito, encouraged the young boy to stick with his studies, even though his father thought it was futile. Singh completed his Matric examination while he worked in various day time jobs. At the age of 14, he married Balwant Kaur. In 1962, he took the job of school teacher in Nandpur Kotra which paid him  in monthly salary. Meanwhile, Singh continued his own education, went on to receive his B.A. in English and History, and followed that up with a M.A. in 1967.

Literary career
Singh started his literary career in 1957 with a short story, "Bhaganwale", which was published in Panj Darya, a magazine edited by Mohan Singh. His later stories were published in Preetlari, edited by Gurbaksh Singh. His major work, Marhi Da Deeva, established his reputation as a novelist. Singh wrote four different versions of the novel over the course of four years, before he decided to publish the fourth and final one in 1964. The various characters Singh portrayed in the novel were recreations of real-life people woven into a fictitious storyline. It was translated into English by Ajmer Rode as The Last Flicker. The first edition of the translation was published in 1991 by the Sahitya Akademi. A revised edition of The Last Flicker appeared in 2010, published by the National Book Trust.

Singh's other notable works included the  novels Anhoe (1966), Addh Chanani Raat (1972), Anhe Ghore Da Daan (1976) and Parsa (1991); collections of short stories, including Saggi Phull (1962), Kutta Te Aadmi (1971), Begana Pind (1985) and Kareer Di Dhingri (1991); and autobiographies Neean Mattiyan (1999) and Dojee Dehi (2000) published in two parts. The novels Addh Chanani Raat and Parsa have been translated into English as Night of the Half Moon (published by Macmillan) and Parsa by the National Book Trust, respectively.

Singh's favourite works included Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina, Irving Stone's Lust for Life, John Steinbeck's The Grapes Of Wrath, Phanishwar Nath Renu's Maila Anchal, Prem Chand's Godaan and Yashpal's Divya.

Awards and honours
Singh received various awards over the course of his life, including the Sahitya Akademi Award in Punjabi in 1975 for the novel Adh Chanani Raat, the Soviet Land Nehru Award in 1986, the Bhai Veer Singh Fiction Award in 1992, the Shiromani Sahitkar Award in 1992, the Jnanpith Award in 1999 and the Padma Shri in 1998. He shared the Jnanpith Award with Hindi language author Nirmal Verma.

Death
Singh suffered from a heart attack earlier in 2016 after which he was partially paralysed. On 13 August 2016 he fell unconscious at his home in Jaitu and was admitted into a private hospital at Bathinda where he was kept on ventilator support. He died on 16 August 2016, when he was taken off life support systems, after it was determined that Singh had shown no signs of recovery. He is survived by his wife, Balwant Kaur, a son and two daughters.

Works
Singh has published various novels, short story collections, plays, children's literature and also an autobiography in two parts.
 Sapno Ke - Se Din was one of his works, talking about his childhood days and is included in CBSE class 10 Hindi course B.

References

External links
 All Literature of Gurdial Singh

1933 births
2016 deaths
Punjabi-language writers
Indian Sikhs
Indian male novelists
Recipients of the Jnanpith Award
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Punjabi
Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education
20th-century Indian novelists
Novelists from Punjab, India
People from Faridkot district
20th-century Indian short story writers
Indian male short story writers
20th-century Indian male writers


The Capture of Gibraltar by Anglo-Dutch forces of the Grand Alliance occurred between 1 and 4 August 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. Since the beginning of the war the Alliance had been looking for a harbour in the Iberian Peninsula to control the Strait of Gibraltar and facilitate naval operations against the French fleet in the western Mediterranean Sea. An attempt to seize Cádiz had ended in failure in September 1702, but following the Alliance fleet's successful raid in Vigo Bay in October that year, the combined fleets of the 'Maritime Powers', the Netherlands and England, had emerged as the dominant naval force in the region. This strength helped persuade King Peter II of Portugal to sever his alliance with France and Bourbon-controlled Spain, and ally himself with the Grand Alliance in 1703 as the Alliance fleets could campaign in the Mediterranean using access to the port of Lisbon and conduct operations in support of the Austrian Habsburg candidate to the Spanish throne, the Archduke Charles, known to his supporters as  of Spain.

Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt represented the Habsburg cause in the region. In May 1704 the Prince and Admiral George Rooke, commander of the main Grand Alliance fleet, failed to take Barcelona in the name of  Rooke subsequently evaded pressure from his allies to make another attempt on Cádiz. In order to compensate for their lack of success the Alliance commanders resolved to capture Gibraltar, a small town on the southern Spanish coast. Following a heavy bombardment the town was invaded by English and Dutch marines and sailors.  The governor, Diego de Salinas, agreed to surrender Gibraltar and its small garrison on 4 August. Three days later Prince George entered the town with Austrian and Spanish Habsburg troops in the name of  of Spain. The Grand Alliance failed in its objective of replacing Philip V with  as King of Spain, but in the peace negotiations Gibraltar was ceded to Britain.

Background

At the start of the War of the Spanish Succession, Portugal was nominally an ally of the Bourbons: France under Louis XIV, and Spain under his grandson, Philip V. Although not a belligerent, Portugal's harbours were closed to the enemies of the Bourbon powers – principally the vessels of England and the Dutch Republic. However, following the Anglo-Dutch naval victory at Vigo Bay in 1702 the balance of naval forces had swung in favour of the Grand Alliance. Having now the ability to cut off Portugal's food supplies and trade (particularly gold from Brazil) it was not hard for the Allied diplomats to induce King Peter II to sign the Methuen Treaties of May 1703 and join the Alliance. Once  had committed himself to war, the Alliance fleets gained access to Portugal's harbours, in particular the port of Lisbon. In return for his allegiance  had demanded military and financial aid and territorial concessions in Spain; he had also asked that the Alliance send to Lisbon Emperor Leopold I's younger son, Charles – the Alliance's Habsburg candidate to the Spanish throne – to demonstrate the earnestness of their support. Known to his supporters as  of Spain, the young pretender arrived in Lisbon – via London – with George Rooke's fleet on 7 March 1704, amid great celebrations.

Apart from the failed Grand Alliance  attempt to take Cádiz in 1702, and the subsequent attack on the Spanish treasure fleet in Vigo Bay, the war had thus far been limited to the Low Countries and Italy. With Portugal's change of allegiance, however, the war moved towards Spain. In May 1704 the court at Lisbon received news that French and Spanish troops had crossed the frontier into Portugal. This army of approximately 26,000 men under  and the Duke of Berwick scored several victories on the border: Salvaterra fell on 8 May, Penha Garcia on 11 May,  personally oversaw the fall of Castelo Branco on 23 May, and T'Serclaes captured Portalegre on 8 June. But without supply for their forces, the coming summer heat made it impossible for them to continue with the campaign, and  returned to Madrid on 16 July to a hero's welcome. However, the heat did not affect the war at sea where the Alliance was in a position of strength.

Prelude

Using Lisbon as an improvised forward base Admiral Rooke's Anglo-Dutch fleet ventured into the Mediterranean Sea in May 1704. After seeing the Levant trading fleet safely through the Strait of Gibraltar Rooke headed towards Nice to put himself in touch with Victor , Duke of Savoy. The Grand Alliance had planned for a naval attack upon the French base at Toulon in conjunction with the Savoyard army and the rebels of the Cévennes; but with Amadeus busy defending his capital Turin from French forces, the Toulon expedition was abandoned and Rooke sailed for the Catalan capital, Barcelona.

Accompanying Rooke was Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt who had enjoyed popularity amongst the Catalans as their governor at the end of the Nine Years' War. The Prince was the great exponent of the Barcelona plan; he had been in touch with the dissidents within Catalonia and counted on the appearance of the fleet to encourage a rising in favour of  On 30 May, under cover of the ships’ guns, Prince George landed with 1,200 English and 400 Dutch marines; but the governor of Barcelona, Don Francisco de Velasco, had managed to keep the city's disaffected elements quiet and  partisans on the alert. Moreover, the dissidents were incensed by the size of the Alliance force and had expected the personal appearance of  Ultimatums for Velesco to surrender on pain of bombardment were ignored, and the plans for an insurrection from within the city's walls failed to materialize. Rooke, fearing an attack from a French squadron, was impatient for departure. Prince George could do little more than order his local followers – a thousand in all – to disperse to their homes. The marines embarked on 1 June without loss.

Meanwhile, the comte de Toulouse, one of   illegitimate sons, was sailing towards the Straits with the fleet from Brest. News from Lisbon of the French manoeuvres reached Rooke on 5 June. Determined to prevent the junction of the Toulon and Brest fleets Rooke decided to risk a battle. However, owing to the foul bottoms of the Anglo-Dutch ships the swifter French fleet escaped Rooke's pursuit and arrived safely in Toulon; thenceforth, Toulouse became the commander of the enlarged French fleet, now known as the Grand Fleet of France. Rooke could not venture within range of the Toulon forts nor risk attack from a superior force so far from any port of refuge.  He therefore turned back towards the Straits where the arrival of an English squadron under Cloudesley Shovell had put the Allies on a numerical parity with the French.

Rooke met Shovell on 27 June off Lagos.  and  sent word from Lisbon that they now wished another attempt to be made on Cádiz. Methuen believed the place to be ungarrisoned and easy to take, but the admirals in the fleet remained sceptical, especially when considering that they were not on this occasion carrying a force comparable to the failed attempt there two years earlier. Cádiz, however, was not the only potential target. As the Alliance fleet lay off Tetuan on the Barbary Coast, a council of war aboard Rooke's flagship discussed the need to please the two kings and save their own reputations. On 28 July the Alliance commanders considered the proposal of Prince George, now commander-in-chief of Alliance forces in the peninsula, for an attack on Gibraltar.

The idea of attacking Gibraltar was old and widely spread. The ‘Rock’ had caught the attention of Oliver Cromwell, and later William III's and Queen Anne’s ministers had marked it for England. The Moors had previously shown interest in the Rock and fortified it with a castle whose ruins still remained. Emperor Charles V had added many other works; but its immediate operational benefit was negligible. Gibraltar had little trade and its anchorage was unprotected – there was no question, at this time, of basing a fleet there. Gibraltar was finally selected for its strategic value, weak garrison, and to encourage the rejection of Philip V (the Bourbon Claimant) in favour of Charles III (the Habsburg claimant).

Battle

The Grand Alliance fleet crossed from Tetuan on 30 July; by 1 August Rooke, flying his flag in the Second Rate Royal Katherine, stood at the entrance to the bay while Admiral George Byng’s squadron (16 English under Byng and six Dutch ships under Rear Admiral Paulus van der Dussen) anchored inside, ranging themselves within the line of defences from the Old to the New Mole. The council of war had decided that Prince George would land with 1,800 English and Dutch marines on the isthmus under cover of a naval bombardment. The marines landed at the head of the bay, and met with no resistance except for a small body of cavalry. They cut off Gibraltar from the mainland while the enemy on the nearby hills were dispersed by fire from two ships sent to the east of the rock.

Prince George summoned the governor, Don Diego de Salinas, to surrender in the name of . He refused, and the garrison pledged its allegiance to . Although the governor was determined to resist he knew he did not have the means to do so: his earlier requests for reinforcements and military stores had always been in vain. By his own account, Don Diego had ‘no more than fifty-six men of whom there were not thirty in service’ and could count on a few hundred civilian militia ‘of such bad quality that before they [the Allied fleet] arrived they began to run away.’ In addition, he had 100 cannon of various kinds but few were in a state to be fired, and fewer still had gunners to fire them.

2 August passed in preliminaries. Don Diego, who in Trevelyan's words was prepared to ‘die like a gentleman’, sent back his defiant reply to the summons to surrender. Byng's squadron warped themselves in along the sea front as close as the depth permitted and Captain Jumper brought the Lenox within actual musket range of the New Mole. These operations were carried out in a dead calm, and were not impeded by a few shots from the Spanish batteries. At midnight Captain Edward Whitaker of the Dorsetshire led a party against a French privateer anchored at the Old Mole which had been firing at the marines on the isthmus.

About 05:00 the following day, 3 August, Byng's squadron of 22 ships fired in earnest on the crumbling walls and forts. Tens of thousands of shells were fired in the attack. The actual damage done was small in proportion to the expenditure of the shot, but in view of the possible approach of the French fleet the job had to be done quickly or not at all. Captain Whitaker acted as Byng's aide-de-camp, carrying his instructions from ship to ship, including the final order to cease firing six hours after they had begun. As the smoke lifted Captain Jumper at the southern end of the line could discern the New Mole and the fort that commanded its abutment on the land. The defenders of the fort appeared to have fled, and Whitaker and Jumper agreed that a landing could be effected there unopposed. Rooke granted the request to attack, and a flotilla of row-boats raced for the New Mole.

Landing
As the Grand Alliance prepared for their assault the priests, women, and children who had taken refuge at the chapel of Europa Point at southern end of the peninsula, began to return to their homes in the town. An English ship fired a warning shot in front of the civilian column forcing them back out of harm's way, but the shot was mistaken by the rest of the fleet as a signal to resume fire, and the bombardment began again. Under cover of the guns the landing party did its work.

The foremost sailors clambered into the breached and undefended fort at the New Mole; however, by accident or design the magazine at the fort blew up. Some of the landing party carried lighted gun-matches and, according to Trevelyan, had forgotten the possibility of a powder-magazine. Whatever the cause of the explosion the Alliance suffered between 100–200 casualties. A momentary panic ensued, for the survivors suspected an enemy-laid trap had caused the disaster. There was a rush for the boats, but at this critical moment Captain Whitaker arrived with reinforcements. The landing was supported by a number of Catalan volunteers, for whom one of Gibraltar's main spots, Catalan Bay, bears its name. Within a few minutes the attackers had rallied and proceeded north along the deserted ramparts of the seafront towards Gibraltar. On arriving near  southern wall of the town, Whitaker halted the sailors and hoisted the Union Flag in a bastion on the shore.

Byng now came ashore with several hundred more seamen. Thus was the town invested by Byng in the south, as well as on its stronger northern side where the marines had landed with Prince George.  Meanwhile, the party of the women and children stranded at Europa Point had been captured by English sailors. Rooke had given orders that the prisoners were not to be ill-treated, but the desire to recover these women was a further inducement for the defenders to end their resistance. On 4 August, seeing all was lost, Don Diego agreed to terms that guaranteed the lives and property of those committed to his care. Under the capitulation French subjects were taken prisoner, while any Spaniard who would take an oath of allegiance to  as King of Spain could remain in the town with religion and property guaranteed.

Aftermath

Orders were issued to respect civilians as the Grand Alliance hoped to win over the population to their cause. Officers tried to maintain control but (as had happened two years previously in the raid on Cádiz) discipline broke down and the men ran amok. Groups of marauding soldiers began to sack the settlement, and all of the Catholic churches save one (the Parish Church of St. Mary the Crowned, now the Cathedral) were pillaged or converted into military storehouses. Angered Spanish inhabitants undertook violent reprisals, with soldier and sailors being attacked and killed in the streets, and their bodies thrown into wells or cesspits.  After order was restored, despite the surrender agreement promising property and religious rights, most of the population left with the garrison on 7 August citing their loyalty to Philip.  Several factors influenced the decision including the expectation of a counterattack and the violence during the capture, which ultimately proved disastrous for the Habsburg cause.  The subsequent siege failed to dislodge the Habsburg forces and the refugees settled around Algeciras and the hermitage of San Roque.  The Alliance's conduct aroused anger in Spain against the 'heretics', and once again the chance of winning over Andalusians to the Imperial cause was lost. Prince George was the first to complain, which was resented by Byng who had led the fighting and who in turn blamed the Prince and his few Spanish or Catalan supporters. Rooke complained in a letter home that the Spaniards were so exasperated against the Alliance that ‘they use the prisoners they take as barbarously as the Moors’.  Spain attempted to retake Gibraltar in 1727 and most notably in 1779, when it entered the American Revolutionary War on the American side as an ally of France.

The capture of Gibraltar was recognised as a great achievement in Lisbon and by all the trading interests in the Mediterranean. A month after its capture Secretary of State Sir Charles Hedges described it as 'of great use to us [the English] for securing our trade and interrupting the enemy's'. With the English navy established on the Straits the piratical Moors of the Barbary Coast became reluctant to attack English merchant shipping, and allied themselves with Queen Anne. However, Gibraltar's immediate use as a port was limited for it could only take a few ships at a time, and ministers did not think they could keep it unless a garrison could be found for its security. John Methuen recommended an English garrison. This was supplied by the marines that had helped take the place, and by several companies of regular troops. Gibraltar was, therefore, held by English troops and at English cost – but it was in  name. A year later the Austrian candidate wrote to Queen Anne about “Ma ville de Gibraltar”. If he had succeeded in his attempt to ascend the throne in Madrid the difficulty of keeping Gibraltar for England would have been politically very great.

The Alliance fleet returned to Tetuan to water. Before fresh orders came from Lisbon there was news of the approach of the French Grand Fleet under Toulouse. In an attempt by the French to retake Gibraltar, the one full-dress naval engagement of the war was fought off Málaga on 24 August; afterwards, French and Spanish troops battered at the land approaches, defended by a small garrison of sailors, soldiers, and marines.  In 1711, the British and French Governments started secret negotiations to end the war leading to the cession of Gibraltar to the British by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, which remains a British overseas territory to this day.

Order of battle
The Anglo-Dutch squadron tasked with attacking Gibraltar was made up of the following ships:

See also
 History of Gibraltar

Notes

References

 Bromley, J. S. (ed.) (1971). The New Cambridge Modern History VI: The Rise of Great Britain and Russia 1688–1725. Cambridge University Press.

 Francis, David (1975). The First Peninsular War: 1702–1713. Ernest Benn Limited.
 Kamen, Henry (2001).  of Spain: The King who Reigned Twice. Yale University Press.

 Le Fevre, Peter & Harding, Richard (eds.) (2000). Precursors of Nelson: British Admirals of the Eighteenth Century. Chatham Publishing.
 Lynn, John A (1999). The Wars of  1667–1714. Longman.
 Roger, N.A.M. (2006). The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain 1649–1815. Penguin
 Stanhope, Philip (1836). History of the War of the Succession in Spain. London
 Trevelyan, G. M. (1948). England Under Queen Anne: Blenheim. Longmans, Green & Co.

Conflicts in 1704
1704 in Gibraltar
Sieges involving England
Sieges involving Spain
Sieges involving the Dutch Republic
18th century in Spain
Battles of the War of the Spanish Succession
Sieges of Gibraltar


Major General William Henry Evered Poole,  () was a senior South African Army commander during the Second World War and later a diplomat.

Early life
William Henry Evered Poole was born in Caledon, Cape Colony on 8 October 1902. He was the son of Major William John Evered Poole, previously of the 60th King's Royal Rifle Corps, and Constance van Breda, a member of one of the best-known Cape Colony families, who had married in October the previous year. As the first-born son, he was given Evered as his last name in accordance with age-old Poole tradition.

Poole attended an Anglican private boys' school, St Andrew's College in Grahamstown, from 1911 to 1917 and the Diocesan College, informally known as "Bishops", Rondebosch in 1918.

In 1927, Poole married Elsie Irene van Boeschoten and had one daughter. After the dissolution of the marriage in 1951, he married Maureen Naish-Gray on 22 October 1951.

Military career

Regimental service and peacetime commands
In 1920, while a public servant, Poole joined the 9th Infantry Regiment (Cape Peninsula Rifles) of the Active Citizen Force as a private.

Poole transferred to the Permanent Force in 1922. He was placed first on the course for promotion to commissioned rank on 11 September 1923. He was next posted as a lieutenant to the 3rd Battery, South African Field Artillery and transferred to the South African Permanent Garrison Artillery at Cape Town in March 1925, when he again qualified in the first place on a garrison gunnery course. In 1927, he attended a staff duties course at the South African Military College at Roberts Heights and was attached to the South African staff Corps at the college in 1929, again passing out in the first place on a staff duties course of the Permanent Force in 1931. Appointed officer instructor to the Transvaal Horse Artillery for 193132, he qualified as a captain in the Field Artillery at the end of 1931. In June 1932, he was granted the temporary rank of captain as staff officer, 'A' and 'G', in Cape Town and transferred to the staff corps.

Poole was subsequently posted to the Special Service Battalion as second-in-command with the rank of major. He became the Officer Commanding of the battalion in February 1934. In June 1935, he was granted the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel and was attached to the British Brigade of Guards at Aldershot, in London, and at Pirbright until September 1935. For the rest of the year, he attended the Senior Officers' School at Sheerness. He returned to South Africa to resume command of the Special Service Battalion in 1936.

In October 1937, Poole was transferred to the South African Military College and became Commandant of the college on 16 March 1938. Following the Union's entry into the Second World War in September 1939, Poole organised the greatly expanded facilities at the college, including the huge 'B' Mess dining halls seating 500 officer cadets.

Second World War
Poole was appointed General Service Officer Grade 1 (GSO1) of 1st South African Infantry Division, with the rank of colonel, on its formation in August 1940. However, when the 2nd South African Infantry Division was formed he became its GSO1 on 1 October 1940.

In April 1941, Poole was promoted to the temporary rank of brigadier. In June, he was transferred back to the 1st Division as brigadier to take command of the 2nd South African Infantry Brigade in Egypt. He saw active service with the brigade at Mersa Matruh, commanding 'Braforce' under the 2nd Division on the Egyptian frontier later in 1941, and then with the 1st Division on the Gazala Line from February to May 1942. He returned temporarily to South Africa as officer commanding Cape Fortress until rejoining his brigade at El Alamein in August 1942. There he commanded the brigade in the Second Battle of El Alamein in October–November 1942. He returned to South Africa as second-in-command of the 1st Division.

Poole assumed command, with the rank of major general, of the 6th South African Armoured Division on its formation in February 1943. He retained command throughout its training in the Middle East and subsequent service in Italy as part of the British Eighth Army. After the liberation of Florence, the division became part of the Fifth United States Army. At the end of the war, he became General Officer Administration of all South African troops in the Allied Central Mediterranean Force until their repatriation on 2 March 1946.

During the Second World War, Poole was twice mentioned in despatches, received the Distinguished Service Order, and was invested as a Companion of the Order of the Bath and as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. He was among the very few South Africans to be invested as a Commander of the United States Legion of Merit, and was invested as a Commander of the French Legion of Honour. He also received the French Croix de Guerre.

Post-war and diplomatic career
In 1948, Poole was passed over as Chief of Staff by the newly elected National Party government of Dr D. F. Malan and posted to Berlin to head the South African military mission there. After this he switched to a diplomatic career. He was subsequently appointed envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Italy, Greece and Egypt, and in 1954 was transferred to Argentina and Chile. In 1960, he became ambassador to Greece.

As a diplomat, Poole was invested as a Knight of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem. Whilst ambassador to Greece, he was decorated with the Order of King George I in 1964. St Andrew's College, Grahamstown, annually award the General Evered Poole Cadet Cup to the winning house in the inter-house cadet competition.

In his last years, Poole suffered from a lung ailment which forced his retirement in 1966. In retirement, he spent half the year at his home in Hermanus, Cape Province, and the other half in Greece, aboard the Poole's yacht Estrellita. He died on 9 March 1969.

Awards and decorations

  Légion d'honneur (Commander – France)
   Order of George I (Greece)
 Croix de guerre 1939-1945 (France)

References

External links

1902 births
1969 deaths
Alumni of St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown
Ambassadors of South Africa to Chile
Ambassadors of South Africa to Greece
Commanders of the Legion of Merit
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Companions of the Order of the Bath
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)
Recipients of the Order of George I
South African military personnel of World War II
South African people of British descent
Western Desert campaign
White South African people


Walter Cradock (Craddock, Cradoc) (c. 1606 – 1659) was a Welsh Anglican clergyman, who became a travelling evangelical preacher. He was a founder of the first Independent church in Wales in 1638, at Llanvaches, with William Wroth and William Thomas, an early Baptist.

Life
He was born at Trefela, near Llangwm, Monmouthshire, and is believed to have been educated at the University of Oxford. His first position was as a curate, at Peterston-super-Ely, Glamorgan.

In 1633 William Erbery, Vicar of St.Mary's, Cardiff, Cradock his curate there, and William Wroth, were reported to William Laud, and the Court of High Commission turned them out for unorthodox preaching, and on the technical  grounds and acid test of orthodoxy, of refusing to read the Book of Sports. From late in 1634 Cradock spent almost a year in Wrexham, preaching, and making a convert of Morgan Llwyd. From there Cradock had to move to Herefordshire, where he met Vavasor Powell. With John Miles, Cradock, Erbery, Powell, and Llwyd are the group of recognised Puritan leaders, who founded the later Welsh Nonconformist congregations, whether Baptist, Congregationalist, Presbyterian or Quaker.

He was also at Shrewsbury at this period. Sir Robert Harley, of Brampton Bryan, Herefordshire, took Cradock in, during 1639. He moved on to Llanfair Waterdine, and an independent congregation there. On the outbreak of the English Civil War the Llanvaches congregation, an independent conventicle, moved with Cradock to Bristol, where there was an independent church at Broadmead. Since royalist forces then occupied Bristol, in 1643, some moved again to London, and made contact with Henry Jessey, who had been a supporter of the congregation from the start; Cradock preached with Jessey at All-Hallows-the-Great.

In 1641 Cradock was in the group of preachers for Wales authorized  by the Long Parliament : others were Erbery, Ambrose Mostyn, Richard Symonds, and Henry Walter. These Welsh radicals formed a tight and effective lobbying group, and held together until the mid-1650s. Parliament renewed similar authority, in 1645 and 1646, with funding; it was also specified that Symonds, Henry Walter and Cradock should preach in Welsh. Cradock had already shown he could do that in 1645, preaching to captured royalist Welshman after the battle of Naseby.

He was one of the “Welsh saints”, who commanded troops of Thomas Harrison with Vavasor Powell and Jenkin Jones. He was later appointed the regular preacher to Barebone's Parliament, at St. Margaret's, Westminster.

He was a supporter of Oliver Cromwell, and when controversy arose over Cromwell's Protectorate, he condemned Vavasor Powell's anti-Cromwell pamphlet The Word of God. The majority of the Welsh Puritan group of which he had been a founder agreed with him. He withdrew, to a living at Llangwm.

Works
The Saints Fulnesse of Joy (1646)
Gospel-Libertie (1648)
Mount Sion or the Privilege and Practice of the Saints (1649)
Divine Drops (1650)
Gospel-Holinesse (1655)

Notes

External links
  Brief Biographical Information & Book entitled MOUNT SION, 1648 & Glad Tidings, 1648.

Further reading
Geoffrey F. Nuttall, The Welsh Saints 1640–1660: Walter Cradock, Vavasor Powell, Morgan Llwyd (Cardiff, 1957)
T. Charles, T.; D. Oliver. The works of the late Rev. Walter Cradock, with a short account of his life (Chester, 1800)

1606 births
1659 deaths
17th-century Welsh Anglican priests
Welsh Caroline nonconforming clergy
Welsh independent ministers of the Interregnum (England)
People from Usk


Dizak (), also known as Ktish after its main stronghold, was a medieval Armenian principality in the historical province of Artsakh and later one of the five melikdoms of Karabakh, which included the southern third of Khachen (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh) and from the 13th century also the canton of Baghk of Syunik. The founder of this principality was Esayi Abu-Muse, in the 9th century. In the 16th-18th centuries, Dizak was ruled by the Armenian Melik-Avanian dynasty, a branch of the House of Syunik-Khachen. The seat of the princes of Dizak was the town of Togh (or Dogh) with the adjacent ancient fortress of Ktish. One of the last princes of Dizak, Esayi Melik-Avanian, was killed by Ibrahim Khalil Khan in 1781, after a long-lasting resistance in the fortress of Ktish.

Today the name "Dizak" is often used to refer to the Hadrut Province of the Republic of Artsakh.

See also
 Esayi Abu-Muse
 Avan-khan

References

History of the Republic of Artsakh
Armenian principalities


Esayi Abu-Musa ( or ; in Arabic sources: Isa ibn-Istifanus) was an Armenian prince of southern Artsakh who ruled over a significant part of Arran (called Ałuankʻ in Armenian sources) in the mid-9th century and is considered the founder of the Principality of Dizak.

Name and Origins
Abu-Musa means "father of Musa" (Moses) in Arabic, in Armenian sources he is surnamed "the Priest's son". Arabic sources also call him Isa ibn-Yusuf (son of Hovsep) or Isa ibn-ukht-Istifanus (nephew of Stepanos), the latter being a reference to his maternal uncle Stepanos-Ablasad, who according to the historian Leo was a Mihranid whose fiefs succeeded to Esayi Abu-Muse after his murder in 831. Leo identifies Esayi Abu-Muse as a member of the local Arran dynasty of Aranshahik.

Reign
Esayi's succession took place in ca. 841 and he remained in power for 13 years. Most of his domains included the cantons of Artsakh, which previously had offered a strong resistance against Babak Khorramdin. Esayi's seat was Ktish (Dogh), another important stronghold was Goroz. The ruins of this castles today lie near the villages Toumi and Togh in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh.

The Armenian historian Movses Kaghankatvatsi, who described Esayi Abu-Isa as a "man of peace", wrote that he ruled the following cantons:
 Verin-Vaykunik, Berdzor, Sisakan — western cantons of Artsakh bordering Syunik to the west.
 Haband, Amaras, Pazkank, Mkhank — southern cantons of Artsakh bordering the river Araxes to the south.
 Tri-Gavar — a south-eastern canton of Utik bordering the river Kur to the north-east.

Resistance at Ktish
In 854, Dizak was invaded by an Abbasid army, commanded by Bugha al-Kabir al-Sharabi, who previously had captured princes Atrnerseh of Khachen, Ktrij of Gardman and Kon-Stepanos Sevordiats of Utik. Esayi was besieged in his castle of Ktish, but remained victorious in 28 battles. According to the historian Tovma Artsruni, the Abbasid army had a strength of 200,000 men. He described Esayi's heroic resistance against Bugha al-Kabir's storming of Ktish. Mushegh Bagratuni (the son of Smbat Sparapet, who was forced to join the Abbasid army) recited a poem to this battle, comparing it with the second coming of Christ.

The resistance of Ktish endured for more than a year. Esayi wrote to the caliph protesting against the attack and after receiving a guarantee of safe passage from him, he went to Bugha for peace talks. Bugha however treacherously captured him. In 855, Esayi Abu-Muse, along with him all the princes of Armenia who were captured by Bugha, were exiled to Samarra in Mesopotamia.

Offspring
1. Esayi Abu-Muse
1.1 Movses-Muse
1.1.1 King Gagik of Dizak
1.1.2 Princess Sophy
1.1.3 Lord Vachagan of Goroz (Vashaqan ibn-Muse in Arab sources)

Princess Sophy left an Armenian inscription in the "Red Church" of Toumi, which dates back to 1000, presently preserved in the Artsakh State Museum.

See also
 Sahl Smbatean
 Dizak

References

House of Aranshahik
Monarchs of Hereti


George Harold "Harry" Beadles (28 September 1897 – 29 August 1958) was a Welsh professional footballer who played for Liverpool, Cardiff City, Southport and Dundalk, as well as the Wales national football team. A veteran of World War I, he served in the 7th battalion of the Royal Welch Fusiliers after enlisting at the age of just 16. He took part in operations in Turkey, where he was awarded the Serbian Gold medal for his actions in saving a Serbian officer, and Palestine.

On his return to Britain, Beadles played amateur football for his local side Newtown and Liverpool based side Grayson's before being spotted by First Division side Liverpool, where he was part of consecutive First Division title winning sides in 1921–22 and 1922–23. However, he struggled to establish himself in the first team, making 18 appearances during his 3 seasons at Anfield. He joined Cardiff City in August 1924 where he spent less than two seasons, including playing in the 1925 FA Cup Final, before being sold to Sheffield Wednesday in an attempt to raise funds as the club experienced financial difficulties.

Beadles never played a senior game for the first-team with Wednesday and he later finished his career with spells at Southport, where he was the club's top scorer for three consecutive seasons in the Third Division North, and Irish side Dundalk, where he served as player-manager. During his career, he made over 100 appearances in the Football League and won 2 caps for Wales in 1925.

Early life

One of seven children, George Harold Beadles was born on Commercial Street in Llanllwchaiarn, on the outskirts of Newtown, Powys, to Thomas, a quarryman who worked on building dams in the Elan Valley Reservoirs, among others, and Sarah Ann Beadles (née Pearce). As a child, he attended a local board school as his parents were keen on him receiving an education due to the economic climate in the area, but he was forced to leave at the age of twelve in order to help support his family and he instead took up employment at a local warehouse, owned by Pryce Pryce-Jones, as a furrier. His brother Albert had also previously worked at the warehouse but had been killed at the age of twelve after being hit by one of the carts used by the warehouse which was taking part in a parade. Pryce-Jones reportedly paid for the funeral.

World War I

Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 Beadles, along with two of his older brothers, Ewart and Ernie, enlisted in the Royal Welch Fusiliers, even though he was only 16 years old at the time, under the permitted age of enlistment. While his regiment was stationed in Britain on training exercises, Beadles was a bugle boy. In 1915, his unit took part in the landing at Suvla Bay in Gallipoli where, despite still being under the minimum age, he served on the frontline as a rifleman. During this time, Beadles performed an action that would later see him awarded the Serbian Gold medal for gallantry. He received the honor for saving the life of a Serbian observer officer who had been wounded in no man's land and was unable to make it back to the line. Under heavy rifle and artillery fire, Beadles helped the officer back, having his cap and epaulettes shot off in the process but remaining unharmed.

He remained on the frontline until December 1915, when the area was evacuated due to the heavy fighting. Due to the extreme cold, Beadles was suffering from frostbite and was found floating unconscious in the water at the time of the evacuation and was subsequently sent to a military hospital in Malta. After recovering he was sent to re-join his regiment, who were now stationed in Palestine. He took part in all three attempts to capture Gaza and the eventual push to take Jerusalem under the command of Edmund Allenby. During the second battle of Gaza, Beadles witnessed the death of his uncle Richard Pearce who was shot in the head while standing next to him. Beadles' brother Ewart was awarded the Military Medal and promoted to the rank of Sergeant for his actions during the battle.

After the conclusion of the war, his unit remained in Palestine until mid-1919. It was here that he met former Wales international George Latham who was a captain in the regiment and the pair would go on to be lifelong friends. During their time in Palestine, Latham and Beadles played football for their unit, the 7th battalion of the Royal Welch Fusiliers, and won the British Forces in Egypt Football League Cup Final in 1919.

Football career

Liverpool
On his return to Wales, Beadles played for his local side Newtown during the 1919–20 season, winning the Montgomeryshire & District Football League. The following year, he moved to Merseyside, where he turned out for amateur team Graysons of Garston of the West Cheshire Association Football League, an amateur side that represented a local shipping company, whilst also working for the company. Beadles often commented on his role at the company to family members, believing he was only employed due to his footballing skills as he would spend most working days making tea. In June 1921, he signed for Liverpool, one of the leading teams in the country at the time, along with teammate Danny Shone.

He made his debut on 24 September 1921 in a 1–0 victory over Chelsea and scored six goals in his first eleven appearances, including a brace against West Bromwich Albion on 6 May 1922, for the side as they went on to win the Football League First Division title with Beadles being praised for a bright future at the club. However, he was never a regular in the side, making just eighteen appearances in all competitions during his three years at the club, and struggled to displace the more established players, although, following being part of back-to-back league titles, Beadles, along with each member of the squad, was given a gold watch by the club. During his time at Anfield, he played in the 1922 FA Charity Shield defeat against Huddersfield Town, however he became frustrated with his lack of playing time and the club not allowing him to play for Wales in order to cover for players who were being called up by England.

Cardiff City
He moved to Cardiff City in August 1924, where his friend George Latham was working on the training staff. Signed as cover Joe Clennell, Beadles was forced to wait until 27 September 1924 to make his debut for the club, covering for the injured Clennell in a 1–1 draw with Tottenham Hotspur. He was forced to wait another month to make his second appearance for the club, playing in place of Jimmy Gill during a 2–1 victory over Everton on 18 October 1924. With Gill injured, Beadles was handed a run of games in the first-team and responded by scoring five goals in four matches during November 1924, including a brace during a 4–1 victory over Bury. His prolific form saw Clennell unable to regain his place in the side as Beadles scored four more goals for the club in December, including scoring in consecutive matches against West Ham United on Christmas Day and Boxing Day 1924. However, he was unable to maintain his form and a goal drought, failing to score in ten matches in January and early February 1925, led to manager Fred Stewart dropping Beadles from the side. He appeared sporadically for the side during the remainder of the 1924–25 season, eventually breaking his goal drought during a second 2–1 victory over Everton, as Stewart offered chances to other players, including Clennell, Alfie Hagan and Paddy McIlvenny.

He scored just two more goals in the league in the final three months of the season, in a 1–1 draw with Arsenal and a 2–1 victory over Liverpool, but scored in both the quarter-final of the FA Cup against Leicester City and a 3–1 victory over Blackburn Rovers in the semi-final as Cardiff reached their first FA Cup final. He was part of the side selected to play in the 1925 FA Cup Final, losing 1–0 to Sheffield United following a goal from Fred Tunstall. Despite his goal drought, during his time at the club Beadles won two caps for Wales, playing in consecutive matches on 14 and 28 February 1925 against Scotland and England in the 1924–25 British Home Championship. The following year, Beadles scored in the opening game of the 1925–26 season during a 3–2 defeat to Manchester City and scored three times in five further appearances in the opening months of the season. However, despite this form, Beadles was sold to Sheffield Wednesday in order to raise money due to the recession and the arrival of Joe Cassidy from Bolton Wanderers.

Later career
Beadles never played in the first-team at Sheffield Wednesday, only ever making appearances for the Yorkshire club's reserve side, and was allowed to join Southport in 1926, being appointed club captain on arrival and scoring on his debut during a 1–1 draw with Lincoln City on 28 August 1928. Arriving alongside fellow Welsh international Jack Newnes, Beadles scored 20 league goals during his first season at the club, including hat-tricks during victories over New Brighton and Walsall. He also scored in the side's third round FA Cup victory over First Division side Blackburn Rovers. However, he was forced to miss their fourth round tie against Beadles' former club Liverpool due to injury. He spent three seasons at Southport, finishing as the club's top scorer in all three seasons and setting a new club record by scoring in six consecutive matches, between 21 April 1928 and 15 September 1928.

Beadles left the club in April 1929 due to a persistent knee injury, scoring a hat-trick in his final ever game in the Football League, a 6–2 victory over Hartlepool United on 27 April 1929. During his time with Southport, Beadles scored 61 goals in 92 league matches. Following his departure from Southport, he was appointed player-coach at Irish side Dundalk, making his debut on 25 August 1929 in a match against Shamrock Rovers. In his one season at the helm of the club, he led them to the semi-final of the FAI Cup, losing 2–1 to Brideville, a sixth-placed finish in the League of Ireland and handed first-team opportunities to Joey Donnelly and Tommy Godwin. However, he retired from football at the end of the season after persistent injuries and his family being unable to settle in Ireland.

Later life

After returning to Merseyside, Beadles spent a short time as a prison officer at Walton jail, whilst also working at a local sports equipment retailer. After leaving the jobs he joined Bents Brewery, who at the time were recruiting former professional footballers to front their business. After training as a manager in one of the company's pubs and hotels, he was handed control of The Shakespeare pub in White Chapel and later the Cattle Market Inn in Stanley. Having become an avid Liverpool supporter, still attending games well into old age, after his time at the club, Beadles became well known for his final bar calls at the pub, declaring  "Time gentlemen please, and Evertonian's".

He impressed the brewery's managers so much that he was put in charge of the company's main hotel, The Hillside in Huyton, Liverpool in 1939 and the pub later became popular with American officers who were stationed at nearby RAF Burtonwood during the Second World War. In the late 1940s, his health declined and he was unable to continue running such a large hotel and, after running a smaller pub, he was forced into early retirement in the 1950s. After a long illness, he died on 29 August 1958 at the age of 60 in the village of Sychdyn. He was buried in Everton Cemetery in Liverpool.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Newtown
Montgomeryshire & District Football League – 1919–20

Liverpool
Football League First Division – 1921–22

Cardiff City
FA Cup finalist – 1925

Notes

References

1897 births
1958 deaths
People from Newtown, Powys
Footballers from Powys
Men's association football forwards
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's international footballers
Liverpool F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Southport F.C. players
Dundalk F.C. managers
Dundalk F.C. players
League of Ireland players
League of Ireland managers
English Football League players
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Welch Fusiliers soldiers
Welsh football managers
Recipients of the Medal for Bravery (Serbia)
British prison officers
Child soldiers in World War I
West Cheshire Association Football League players


Brenda Lee Eisler (born October 16, 1951 in Calgary, Alberta) is a retired long jumper from Canada. She took home a bronze medal from the Pacific Conference Games in 1969. She won the gold medal at the 1971 Pan American Games, and competed for her native country at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. In 1974 she won the silver medal in the long jump at the Commonwealth Games in Christchurch, New Zealand.

References

1951 births
Living people
Canadian female long jumpers
Olympic track and field athletes for Canada
Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Athletes (track and field) at the 1971 Pan American Games
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games
Athletes from Calgary
Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade bronze medalists for Canada
Medalists at the 1973 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 1971 Pan American Games
Medallists at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games


The ministries of the Australian Capital Territory are appointed by the government each term from the members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. The current ministry is the Third Barr Ministry since 2020.

See also
 Members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
 Chief Ministers of the Australian Capital Territory


Alan Wright (born 1971) is an English football manager and former player.

Alan, Allan or Allen Wright are also the name of:
Alan Wright (cricketer) (1905–1989), English cricketer
Alan Wright (cricket administrator) (1938–2013), English cricket administrator
Allan Wright (1920–2015), British pilot
Allan Wright (farmer) (1929–2022), New Zealand farming leader and businessman
Allen Wright (1826–1885), principal chief of Choctaw Nation
Allen Wright (journalist) (1932–1997), Scottish arts critic and journalist

See also
Al Wright (disambiguation)


Malafemmina is Gianna Nannini's eighth studio album, and tenth album overall. It was released in 1988.

Track listing

"Hey Bionda" (Nannini-I. Campaner/Nannini) – 4:38
"Voglio Fare L'Amore" (Nannini-F. Pianigiani/Nannini) - 4:17
"Time Lover" (Nannini-F. Pianigiani/Nannini) – 3:07
"Un Ragazzo Come Te" (Nannini-F. Pianigiani/Nannini) - 3:49
"Luci Rosse" (Nannini-I. Campaner/Nannini) – 3:51
"Luna Dell'Est" (Nannini-I. Campaner/Nannini) – 4:31
"Aiuto" (Nannini-I. Campaner/Nannini) – 3:54
"Revolution" (Nannini-I. Campaner/Nannini) - 3:48
"Cuore Zingaro" (Nannini-I. Campaner/Nannini) - 4:40
"Casablanca" (Nannini-F. Pianigiani/Nannini) - 4:24
"Donne In Amore" (G. Nannini) - 2:53

Personnel
Gianna Nannini - Vocals, piano
Marco Colombo - Guitars
David A. Steward - Guitars
Igor Campaner - Keyboards, choir
Rolf Lammers - Organ, keyboards
Nick Davies - Bass, stick
Rüdiger Braune - Drums, percussion
Alan Moulder - Keyboards
Andy Wright - Keyboards, programming
"The Wolperaths" - Choir
Production: Alan Moulder, Gianna Nannini
Executive producer: Peter Zumsteg
Recording engineer: Bruno Gebhard
Mix: Alan Moulder at Trident IL Studios, London (Assistant engineer: Adrian Bushby)
Mix: Logic Studios, Milan (Assistant engineer: Antonio Baglio, Pino Pischetola)
Mastering: Kevin Metcalfe at "The Townhouse", London

Additional information
Cover photography: Peter Ashworth
Artwork: Nino Haslach, Erich Zinsli
Styling: Carla Guido, Giorgio
Recorded Spring 1988 at Conny's Studio, Neunkichen/Cologne, Germany

External links
 Gianna Nannini homepage

1988 albums
Albums produced by Alan Moulder
Gianna Nannini albums
Polydor Records albums


The Director of Operations, Planning and Development for Military Commissions serves as the point of contact between the Office of Military Commissions and other United States military and civilian agencies. The position was  created on 19 September 2008.

Reporting structure
The position was to be filled by a flag officer, who was to report directly to the Department of Defense's General Counsel, who was at the time William J. Haynes. Haynes has subsequently resigned, and the first Director reported to United States Deputy Secretary of Defense Gordon R. England and acting General Counsel Daniel J. Dell'Orto.

Directors
The first officer to be appointed Director was Brigadier Thomas W. Hartmann a military lawyer in the United States Air Force Reserve. Hartmann had previously been the Legal Advisor to the Convening Authority for the Office of Military Commissions.  The Convening Authority is a civilian position, currently held by VADM Bruce MacDonald, the former TJAG of the US Navy (Pentagon). As Legal Advisor Hartmann was essentially the second-in-command.

Hartmann had been reassigned from the position of Legal Advisor after the officers Presiding over three separate Guantanamo military commissions had barred him from participation after he was accused of putting "undue command influence" on Prosecutors. On 2 November 2008 Carol Rosenberg, writing in the Miami Herald, reported that Hartmann had filed a request to retire from the Air Force on 17 February 2008.

Hartmann was replaced by his deputy Michael Chapman, who had been the deputy Legal Advisor since April 2005.

Hartmann attributed his reassignment, and appointment to the new position, to the "explosive growth of the commissions over the last 10 or 12 months."

The Air Force described Hartmann new appointment as a promotion. Hartmann's boss at the Pentagon, William J. Haynes, had resigned in February.

The  Operations Director position was "civilianized" in the fall of 2009 following Hartman's retirement.  The current Director of Operations, Ward K. Johnson, III, was appointed to the post in November 2009.  Johnson had previously served on active duty with the U.S. Army as a Branch Chief, Presiding Officer and Tribunal President with the Office for the Administrative Review of the Detention of Enemy Combatants under the control of Deputy Secretary of Defense England.  Johnson had previously served as Director of Operations  of the North Dakota National Guard, Provost Marshal for the North Dakota Joint Forces Headquarters, and Commander of the North Dakota Joint Training Center among other senior positions in the North Dakota National Guard. Johnson is a 2005 graduate of the United States Army War College and has been a lawyer licensed to practice law since 1988.

References

External links
 ndcourts.com , lawyers

Guantanamo Bay captives legal and administrative procedures