The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species. Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species. The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.

Arthonia is the type genus of Arthoniaceae, and it is known to be a polyphyletic and paraphyletic genus. The process of splitting Arthonia into monophyletic groups is an ongoing process. In order to make Arthonia monophyletic, several genera have been described or resurrected.

Distribution
The species in Arthoniaceae have a worldwide distribution, but are especially prevalent in tropical areas with a Mediterranean climate. They are known from arctic to tropical latitudes, as well as variating altitudes from sea level to alpine regions, distributed in both humid forests and dry habitats.

Ecology
Collectively, the family have a highly variable ecology with lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi.  The majority of species are lichenized with a photobiont from Trentepohliaceae and a few species in Arthonia are lichenized with a photobiont from Chlorococcaleae. They grow on leaves, bark, bryophytes, and rocks. Other species are lichenicolous (growing on other lichens), and a few species are known to be saprobic.

History
The family was circumscribed by Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach in 1841.

Genera

, Species Fungorum accepts 25 genera and 392 species in the family Arthoniaceae. This is a list of the genera in the Arthoniaceae  based on a 2020 review and summary of fungal classification by Wijayawardene and colleagues. Following the genus name is the taxonomic authority (those who first circumscribed the genus; standardized author abbreviations are used), year of publication, and the number of species:

Amazonomyces  – 2 spp.
Arthonia  – ca. 50 + ca. 300 orphaned spp.
Arthothelium  – 10 + ca. 100 orphaned spp.
Briancoppinsia  – 1 sp.
Coniangium  – 4 spp.
Coniarthonia  – 12 spp.
Coniocarpon  – 6 spp.
Crypthonia  – 16 spp.
Cryptophaea  – 1 spp.
Cryptothecia  – ca. 65
Eremothecella  – 8 spp.
Glomerulophoron  – 2 spp.
Helicobolomyces  – 2 spp.
Herpothallon  – ca. 50
Inoderma  – 4 spp.
Leprantha  – 1 sp.
Myriostigma  – 7 spp.
Pachnolepia  –1 sp.
Reichlingia  – 4 spp.
Snippocia  – 1 sp.
Sporodophoron  – 4 spp.
Staurospora  – 1 sp.
Stirtonia  – ca. 25 spp.
Tylophoron  – 11 spp.

References

Lichen families
Ascomycota families
Taxa named by Ludwig Reichenbach
Taxa described in 1841


Erdeni Bumba (;  17th century), of the Khorchin Mongol Borjigit clan, was the consort of Fulin, the Shunzhi Emperor. She was empress consort of the Qing dynasty of China from 1651 until her deposition in 1653. She was demoted to concubine rank and received the honorary title Consort Jing.

Life

Family background
 Father: Wukeshan (; d. 1666), held the title of a first rank prince ()
 Paternal grandfather: Jaisang (), held the title of a first rank prince ()
Paternal grandmother: Boli
 Paternal great aunt: Empress Xiaoduanwen (1599–1649)
 Paternal aunt: Primary consort Minhui (1609–1641)
 Paternal aunt: Empress Dowager Zhaosheng (Xiaozhuangwen) (1613–1688), the mother of the Shunzhi Emperor (1638–1661)

Shunzhi era
Erdeni Bumba was selected by the emperor's mother, Empress Dowager Zhaosheng, to be the Shunzhi Emperor's primary consort. On 27 September 1651, she was instated as empress. The Prince-Regent Dorgon also encouraged the marriage between the Shunzhi Emperor and Erdeni Bumba. However, the Shunzhi Emperor disliked Erdeni Bumba so much that he demanded that she should be replaced. On 25 October 1653, Erdeni Bumba was demoted to "Consort Jing". Some sources claim, that when she was living in Palace of Eternal Longevity, she became pregnant. During her pregnancy, she left the Forbidden City and gave birth to a son. However, historical records don't mention her further fate.

Titles
 During the reign of Hong Taiji (r. 1626–1643):
 Lady Borjigit
 During the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor (r. 1643–1661):
 Empress (; from 27 September 1651)
 Consort Jing (; from 25 October 1653), fourth rank consort

In fiction and popular culture
 Portrayed by Lee Ying-tong in The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty (1987)
 Portrayed by Wu Zitong in Xiaozhuang Mishi (2003)
 Portrayed by Winnie Ma in The Life and Times of a Sentinel (2011)
 Portrayed by Viola Mi 米露 in Royal Romantic 多情江山 (2013)

See also
 List of people who disappeared

 Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty

Notes

References

17th-century births
17th-century Chinese women
17th-century Chinese people
17th-century deaths
17th-century Mongol women
17th-century Mongols
Borjigin
Missing person cases in Asia
Qing dynasty empresses
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown


Chooser can refer to:

 Choosing, to select freely and after consideration.
 A user interface on a computer that allows the user to choose items from large collections of data.
 Apple Chooser, an application for Macintosh systems.
 Spectasia 3D Chooser, an application for Windows and Macintosh systems.

nl:Chooser


Chrysotrichaceae is a family of lichenized fungi in the order Arthoniales. Member of this family have a widespread distribution, but are especially prevalent in tropical areas. "Chrysothrichaceae" and "Chrysothricaceae" are alternative spellings that have been used in some older publications; the latter was used by Alexander Zahlbruckner in the protologue publication. Both of these spellings are considered incorrect, and the current spelling has been formalised following a proposal for conservation of Chrysotrichaceae against Pulverariaceae (an earlier synonym).

Genera
 Byssocaulon  – 1 sp.
 Chrysothrix  – ca. 18 spp.
 Galbinothrix  – 1 sp.
 Melarthonis  – 1 sp.

References

Arthoniomycetes
Lichen families
Taxa named by Alexander Zahlbruckner
Taxa described in 1905


Geertruida "Truus" Klapwijk (2 January 1904 – 3 May 1991) was a Dutch diver and freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics and in the 1928 Summer Olympics. She was born and died in Rotterdam.

In 1924, she was a member of the Dutch relay team which finished sixth in the 4×100 metre freestyle relay competition. In the 400 metre freestyle event she was eliminated in the first round. She also participated in the 3 metre springboard contest but was also eliminated in the first round.

Four years later at the Amsterdam Games she finished seventh in the 3 metre springboard competition. In the 10 metre platform event she was eliminated in the first round.

External links

1904 births
1991 deaths
Dutch female divers
Dutch female freestyle swimmers
Olympic divers for the Netherlands
Olympic swimmers for the Netherlands
Swimmers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Divers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Swimmers from Rotterdam
European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming
Women's World Games medalists
20th-century Dutch women


Emmanuel Baba (born May 22, 1985) is a former Nigerian football player, he last played for Smouha in Egypt.

Career
In 2002, he played for PFC Cherno More Varna. In 2003 moved to Levski Sofia. In 2007, he played for PFC Spartak Varna.

International career
He played with the Nigerian U-17 national team in the 2001 FIFA U-17 World Championship and won the bronze medal.

Titles
 2001 FIFA U-17 World Championship  (Bronze Medal)

References

External links
 Profile at LevskiSofia.info

Nigerian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Nigerian expatriate men's footballers
PFC Levski Sofia players
PFC Cherno More Varna players
FC Spartak Varna players
Expatriate men's footballers in Bulgaria
1985 births
Living people
Nigerian expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
Jigawa Golden Stars F.C. players


The fauna of Sindh live in an area with a semi arid climate. With its coastal and riverine forests, its huge fresh water lakes, mountains and deserts, Sindh supports a large and varied wildlife population.

Habitat and wildlife
Due to the climate of Sindh, its forests support average population of jackals and snakes.
The national parks established by the Government of Pakistan, in collaboration with organizations such as World Wide Fund for Nature and the Sindh Wildlife Department helps preserve a huge variety of animals and birds. The Kirthar National Park in the Kirthar range spreads out over more than 3000 km2 of desert, stunted tree forests and a lake. The KNP supports Sindh ibex, wild sheep (urial) and the black bear along with the rare leopard. There are also occasional sightings of The Sindhi phekari, ped lynx or caracal cat. There is now also a project to introduce tigers and asian elephants to KNP near the Hub dam lake.

Nara Canal region
Another biodiversity rich area of Sindh is the huge plains around the Nara Canal. The Nara Canal juts out of the Indus River from the Sukkur Barrage and irrigates hundreds of thousands of acres of cultivated land. The Nara Canal also provides vital water for species living in its proximity and also to its lakes. The famous Indus river dolphin is among the most endangered species in Pakistan and is found in the Northern Sindh's Indus River area and the upper reaches of the Nara Canal. Pharo (hog deer) and wild bear are found in the area of the central inundation belt. There are a variety of bats, lizards and reptiles: including the cobra, lundi (viper).

Animals of mythical proportions
Some unusual sightings of Asian cheetah occurred in 2003 near the Balochistan border in the Kirthar mountains. The pirrang (large tiger cat or fishing cat) of the eastern desert region is also disappearing. Deer are found in the lower rocky plains and in the eastern region, as well as the striped hyena (charakh), jackal, red fox, porcupine, common gray mongoose and hedgehog.
The mysterious Sindh krait of the Thar region, which is supposed to suck a victim's breath while sleeping, is widely found in the Tharparkar District of Southern Sindh.

Along the coast
Between July and November when the monsoon winds blow onshore from the ocean, giant olive ridley turtles lay their eggs along the seaward side. These turtles are a protected species. After the mothers lay their eggs and leave them buried under the sands. Today the SWD and WWF officials take the eggs, protecting them until they are hatched away from predators.

Crocodiles are rare and inhabit only the backwaters of the Indus, the eastern Nara channel. Some population of marsh crocodiles can be very easily seen in the waters of Haleji Lake near Karachi. Besides a large variety of marine fish, the plumbeous dolphin, the beaked dolphin, rorqual or blue whale and a variety of skates frequent the seas along the Sindh's coast. The pallo (sable fish), though a marine fish, ascends the Indus annually from February to April to spawn. The rare houbara bustard also finds Sindh's warm climate suitable to rest and mate.

See also
 Fauna of Pakistan
 Flora of Sindh
 Flora of Pakistan
 Climate of Sindh

References

Fauna of Pakistan
Geography of Sindh


The Embassy of Canada in Afghanistan (Persian: سفارت کانادا در کابل) was the diplomatic mission of the Canadian government located in the Afghan capital city of Kabul. It was responsible for bilateral relations between Canada and Afghanistan. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were re-established on September 5, 2003. The relations were suspended in light of the fall of Kabul, and the Taliban takeover. The most recent Ambassador was Reid Sirrs.

History
On 20 June 2016, guards at the embassy were attacked by a suicide bomber belonging to either the Taliban or the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. At least 14 to 16 people were killed, not including the suicide bomber. Nine people were injured.

Closure
As the 2021 withdrawal of American forces from Afghanistan led to a powerful Taliban offensive, Canada deployed special forces to evacuate the staff inside, and closed the embassy later in August 2021. Operations were relocated to the Canadian Embassy in Doha, Qatar.

See also
 Afghanistan–Canada relations
 Canada in the War in Afghanistan

References

External links
 Official site

2003 establishments in Afghanistan
Canada
Afghanistan
Afghanistan–Canada relations


J-Alert (; full name ) is the early warning system used in Japan. J-Alert was launched in February 2007. The system is designed to quickly inform the public of threats and emergencies such as earthquakes, severe weather, and other dangers. The system was developed in the hope that early warnings would speed up evacuation times and help coordinate emergency response.

System
J-Alert is a satellite based system that allows authorities to quickly broadcast alerts to local media and to citizens directly via a system of nationwide loudspeakers, television, radio, email, and cell broadcasts. According to Japanese officials, it takes about one second to inform local officials, and between four and twenty seconds to relay the message to citizens. An enhanced version of the J-Alert receivers were installed by the end of March 2019. The new models can automatically process the information within two seconds, compared to the older models that can take up to twenty seconds.

All warnings, except for severe weather warnings, are broadcast in five languages: Japanese, English, Mandarin, Korean, and Portuguese (Japan has a small Chinese, Korean, and Brazilian population, as well as British, American, and other English-speaking populations). The warnings were broadcast in these languages during the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. The severe weather warnings are only broadcast in Japanese.

J-Alert broadcasts via both ground systems and the Superbird-B3 communication satellite.

When there is a civil emergency such as a ballistic missile heading towards Japan, a special air raid siren sounds across loudspeakers and on TV and radio.

Information transmission capabilities

Earthquake
Earthquake Early Warning
Quick updates on hypocenter, magnitude, and precautions of possible tsunami
Information of hypocenter, magnitude, intensities of various areas, and the presence of tsunami
Earthquake prediction warning for the Tōkai earthquakes
Earthquake prediction advisory information of the Tōkai earthquakes
Earthquake prediction information of the Tōkai earthquakes
Tsunami
Major tsunami warning
Tsunami warning
Tsunami advisory
Volcano eruption
Emergency warning of volcanic eruption and the possibility of eruption
Warning of volcanic eruption and the possibility of eruption
Volcanic crater forecast
Severe weather
Emergency warnings for heavy rain, heavy snow, gale, snowstorm, waves, and storm surge
Warnings for heavy rain, heavy snow, gale, snowstorm, waves, and storm surge
Weather advisory
Information of the risk of landslides
Advisory information for tornado
Information of violent heavy rain
Flood forecast
Special emergency threats
Information of ballistic missiles
Information of airstrikes
Information of guerrilla and special forces attacks
Information of large-scale terrorism
Other information for civil and national defense

Adoption rate
Many prefectures and urban areas were slow in adopting the system. Upon its introduction, the Japanese government hoped to have 80% of the country equipped with the J-Alert system by 2009. However, by 2011, only 36% of the nation had been covered. Cost had been a major factor; the initial installation is estimated to be around 430 million yen, and the yearly maintenance is estimated to be around 10 million yen.

By May 2013, 99.6% of municipalities nationwide were covered.

Notable instances
 On 13 April 2023 a North Korean missile launch warning led residents to take cover from debris that most likely fell into the sea hundreds of miles away. The alert, just before 8 a.m., triggered sirens on Hokkaido and sent automated messages to mobile phones in a system called J-Alert urging the northern island's more than five million residents to seek immediate shelter, after Pyongyang fired a new type of ballistic missile.

See also
Emergency population warning

References

External links
 J-Alert Overview Fire and Disaster Management Agency, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
 国民保護室・国民保護運用室  Fire and Disaster Management Agency, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
 北朝鮮から発射された弾道ミサイルが日本に飛来する可能性がある場合における全国瞬時警報システム（Ｊアラート）による情報伝達について Cabinet Secretariat Civil Protection
 全国瞬時警報システム（J-ALERT）の整備 Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
 Guide on disaster prevention and mitigation effort during earthquakes and tsunamis Japan Meteorological Agency
 Protecting guide against Armed Attacks or Terrorism Cabinet Secretariat Civil Protection
 J-Alert message relayed during the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, warning of an imminent tsunami
 全国瞬時警報システム 実際の放送例 (J-Alert Demonstration) YouTube

Emergency management in Japan
Emergency population warning systems
2007 establishments in Japan
2007 introductions


La Salette of Roxas College, is a private Catholic, coeducational basic and higher education institution run by the Missionaries of Our Lady of La Salette in Vira, Roxas, Isabela, Philippines. It was founded by the La Salettes on September 17, 1958. It is the only Catholic school in the municipality and is one of the leading educational institution in Isabela.

It has seven sister schools also all named La Salette and are also all located in the province of Isabela. They are as follows: La Salette of Aurora, La Salette of Quezon, La Salette of Ramon, La Salette of San Mateo, La Salette of Cabatuan, La Salette of Cordon and University of La Salette- Santiago City. It is a Catholic school which provides the youth of the town of Roxas an education on the Catholic Faiith. The Blessed Virgin Mary under the title Our Lady of La Salette is the patroness of La Salette of Roxas.

History

The first of the La Salette missionaries who went to Roxas was Fr. Blanchet on February 28, 1949. In June 1957, the La Salette Fathers from United States of America went to the town of Roxas to fulfill their mission in educating the youth. The school was formerly known as Mallig Academy.

It was in May 1964, when the vice-provincial of the La Salette Missionaries entered into an agreement with the Superior General of the congregation of the Franciscans of the Immaculate Conception of the Holy Mother of God for the sisters to take charge of the principalship, religion classes, and guidance services of the school.

In 1979, the principalship for the school was turned over to the lay people. However, the Sisters up to the present time retained the Christian formation program and guidance services.

Before, the school originally was on a 20,000 square meter lot. Later, the campus expanded to an adjacent lot of 3,358 square meters in July 1960 and another lot of 10,000 square meters in November 1964.

The school year 1988-89 ushered in an era of uncertainty for the school. With the passage and implementation of the free Secondary Education Bill, the DECS limitation on tuition fee increases, and the teachers clamor for higher wages, the school was beset with survival problems. There were fears and apprehensions of mass transfer of students and teachers to the public schools. However, in contrary to expectations, the school experienced a considerable increase in its student population especially due to the increase of numbers of transferees from the public schools and due to the Education Service Contracting Scheme being provided by the government. Luckily, the school kept 99% of its employees with only two teachers leaving the school for greener pastures.

In 2008, La Salette of Roxas celebrated its 50th anniversary. La Salette has been serving the Mallig Region the highest quality of education. In 2013, the school changed its name from La Salette of Roxas to La Salette of Roxas College.

Our Lady of La Salette

Our Lady of La Salette is the official patron and the carrier name for the school. The parish church beside the campus was also named after La Salette since the school originally owned the parish.

It was on September 19, 1846, when the Virgin Mary appeared to two French children named Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud in the mountain of La Salette in France. It was said that the Virgin Mary is speaking with tears, and told the two children that unless people repented she would be forced to let go the arm of her son because it had become so heavy. The Virgin Mary went on to complain that she had to pray ceaselessly to her son for them, but the people still worked during Sundays and blasphemed. Mary also spoke of coming punishments for these sins, including crop blights and famine. She confided a secret to each of the children, which they were not to divulge, although eventually these secrets were made known to Pope Pius IX. Finally she asked the children to spread her message before disappearing. The famous phrase from the Virgin Mary goes "Come near my Children, do not be afraid...".

After the apparition, only few people believed what the children saw and heard. The farmers who came into contact with the children where amazed at them. They were so ignorant, and yet they were able to transmit and communicate, in French, a complicated message which they did not understand well. As well, they were able to do this clearly and with precise descriptions. Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud were constantly interrogated by curious people as well as their devoted ones. They simply said the same story, repeating it over and over. To those interested in going up the mountain, they take them to the place where Our Lady appeared. On several occasions, they were threatened with jail if they did not deny the alleged apparitions and if they continued to speak about them. Without fear or hesitation, they continued to report all the messages that Our Lady gave them.

The apparition was approved by the name Our Lady of La Salette by Pope Pius IX and verified the apparition of the Virgin Mary.

In 2007, the Statue of Our Lady of La Salette from France was placed in La Salette of Roxas and in other La Salette Schools in Isabela.

Departments

Grade school
La Salette of Roxas Elementary Department is a Catholic elementary school offering education for students from the kindergarten level to the sixth grade. Its facilities and classrooms are located in one building. The Grade School shares the athletic facilities with the high school.

The curriculum for the grade school focuses on basic elementary education, by which Filipino, Christian Living, Language(English), Science, Art, Music, Computer, and Arithmetic are introduced in Kindergarten 1 and 2. Language Arts, Science, Music, Mathematics, Computer and Physical Education are taught in Grades 1–6.

High school
La Salette of Roxas High School Department is a Catholic secondary school. Its department is located within the New Building built in 2003.

The high school curriculum focuses mainly on college preparatory education in which English (Grammar, Literature, Rhetoric and Reading), Mathematics, Science, Social Science, Christian Living, and Filipino make up the academic subjects while Arts and Technology (includes Music and Integrated Arts), Computer, and Physical Education and Health make up the co-curricular subjects which are all taught through first to fourth Year High School.

College
The La Salette of Roxas houses the branch for University of La Salette. It offers courses such as Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Education, Information Technology and Accountancy.

Campus

The school is located on an almost 40,000 square meters campus along Magsaysay St in Vira, Roxas, Isabela.

St. Francis Hall
The St. Francis Hall is said to be one of the oldest buildings in the campus and houses classrooms for First year Students. In 2007, it was renovated and converted into offices. It is a one-level building which houses the Balay ti Alumni (Office of the Alumni) which also serves as room for other school services such as storage for offerings from Belen every December and as a Debate Room for English classes. The Guidance and Counselor's Office is also located here as with the Prefect of Discipline Office which used to be a comfort room, serves as the Disciplinary Office for students not abiding the rules and regulations for school such as incomplete uniform and late comers. The Office of the Informer is also located here and exits through the Red Bench which acts as the Informer(school publication)'s meeting place.

St. Alphonse Hall
The first floor houses the Director's Office and Cashier. The Cashier is responsible for the Tuition Fees and Miscellaneous Fees of the students. Before examinations, students who are not paid in Cash are required to pay Tuition Fees at the Cashier's Office. The Hall also houses the Chemistry and Physics Laboratory for science class experiments. The room is complete with basic apparatus for experiments.

The second floor is occupied by the school Library. The Library houses books separated by each category, and study tables for review and assignments.

New Building
The New Building is the newest and the largest building in the campus built in 2003. It serves as the High School Department and houses some offices. It is a three-level elongated building with 9 rooms each level.

The first floor houses the Office of the Registrar who handles all students records and the Principal's Office. The principal is usually a nun and a member of CFIC. The Faculty Room occupied by almost 50 Staffs is also located here. Classrooms for Fourth Year High Schools and Grades 5-6 is situated in the New Building.

The second floor houses the Dental Clinic which regularly check the dental health of the students and the Sound Room that is responsible for the school sound system. Computer Laboratories with 70 Computer units and Classrooms for Third year high school. One section for Second-year high school is also here.

The third floor houses Classrooms for First Year and Second year high school. Each level, Comfort Rooms are very apparent. Male CR are located on the right-most of each level, while Female CR are on the opposite wing.

Elementary Building

The Elementary Building is situated on the left-most part of the campus housing the classrooms for Pre-School and Grade School except for Grades 5 and 6. On the left-most part, the Stage for Elementary Department can be located. It showcases different activities and programs for Elementary students.

Building I/Building II
The Building 1 is the oldest building in the campus housing classrooms for College students. On the second floor, a dormitory can be located but later changed into few more classrooms. The Building II, a two-level modern building houses the offices and computer laboratories for College students. At the back of the Building II, an old Narra tree with a kiosko and the Sisters' Convent and Garden can be found. The pathway connecting the two exits into the Our Lady of La Salette Parish.

The Building I and II also houses the School Auditorium which is a big indoor arena that serves as the main venue for all school events especially during rainy season. It also serves as a practice room for the students participating in competitions in and out of the school. Also, every Thursday Eucharistic celebration is celebrated here whenever the Parish Church is unavailable.

TLE Building
The TLE or Technology and Livelihood Education Building is a one-level building housing the school kitchen for the subject, TLE. It offers complete utensils for students engaging in the culinary and livelihood education and catering area. This building served as the Director's residence before.

Gymnasium
The Gymnasium is located beside the Building I and II and remains uncompleted to date. It is situated in the former area of the Old Convent. However, this will serve as the Physical Education Area in the future.

School ground

The school provides certain courts for each sport for Physical Education and for Intramurals and Foundation Day. The school has two Basketball Courts and a Volleyball Court located in front of the Building I. The campus also has Tennis Court and Sepak Takraw Court beside the Biology Garden and Rosary Garden. Also, Softball Game can be done on the Softball ground with a carpet grass landscape.

Eight yellow benches for student waiting area for dismissal and bunch break are located along the school fence. The playground for elementary students is located between the Elementary Building and parking lot. There are also covered pathways and cemented pathways leading to different school buildings.

A Grotto built in 2008 is situated in front of New Building and features a Giant Virgin Mary. The Grotto depicts the Apparition of the Virgin Mary to Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud in the Mountain of La Salette in France in 1846.

In the College Department, there used to be a giant map of the Philippines made from cement that can be seen but during the renovation process, it was replaced by a building that houses offices for the university. A gymnasium is located beside the former Auditorium (now Building I) after being completed in 2011.

The school has three gates- Main Gate, Elementary Gate and the University Gate

Chapel, canteen and garden
The school also has a newly constructed chapel built in 2008. It is located between the TLE Building and St. Alphonse Hall. The Chapel has a mini pond and a small bridge connecting into the main hallway. The chapel was designed in a modern way with the Our Lady of La Salette in the altar. It serves as Prayer room for students and is open any time.

The campus has two canteens. The Main Canteen is located beside the New Building and Elementary building and serves as Canteen for High School and Elementary Students. The second canteen is located inside the Building I and serves as canteen for College students.

The Rosary Garden is located in front of St. Alphonse Hall. A giant rosary with beads made up of cement is situated here, and a shrine for Our Lady of La Salette in a center of a gazeebo. It is being lightened every night with different colored-lights and by candles during the Rosary Month. The Biology Garden is situated between the Basketball Court and Tennis Court. The garden houses various types of plants taken care by students taking Biology Class. It also houses a Nipa Hut and a pond.

Extra-curricular
Extra-curricular is one of the three main factors that contribute in the computation of grades for Salettinians. Competitions and other activities including club participations are counted with corresponding points.

Supreme Student Council
The Supreme Student Council is the student government inside the campus. A student must meet the requirements prescribed by Comelec in filing a candidacy for a desired position. The candidates are allowed to campaign but were given limited time. Campaign paraphernalia have to be located in the designated areas. The Student Council is determined by an election with voters comprising all students. Positions include president, vice president, treasurer and more.

Classroom officers
Each class are required to have their own officers to represent the class for school meetings organized by the President of the Supreme Student Council. The classroom officers are responsible for the wellness and peacefulness of the class. Officers also include president, vice president, secretary, treasurer and more.

Prayers
There are many prayers done inside the school campus. Before a start of the daily Flag Ceremony, the Consecration to Our Lady of La Salette is prayed. The Prayer of Angelus is prayed on the school sound system which is a sign of the dismissal for the Morning class. The Memorare of Our Lady of La Salette is also played on school sound system as a mark for afternoon dismissal.

The La Salette Invocation

Our Lady of La Salette, Reconciler of sinners, pray without ceasing for us who have recourse to you

The prayer for the Consecration to Our lady of La Salette is as follows:

Most holy Mother, I consecrate myself to you without reserve. From this day, I will be your obedient child. May I so live as to dry your tears and console your afflicted heart. Beloved Mother, today and every day, and for the hour of my death, I consecrate myself to you, body and soul, every hope and every joy, every trouble and every sorrow, my life and my life's end. 0 dearest Mother, enlighten my understanding, that I may avoid all errors and sins, that I may walk with courage in the paths traced out for me by you and your Son. Amen.

The Memorare of Our Lady of La Salette is as follows:

Remember, Our Lady of La Salette, true Mother of Sorrows, the tears you shed for us on Calvary. Remember also the care you have taken to keep us faithful to Christ, your Son. Having done so much for your children, you will not now abandon us. Comforted by this consoling thought, we come to you pleading, despite our infidelities and ingratitude. Virgin of Reconciliation, do not reject our prayers, but intercede for us, obtain for us the grace to love Jesus above all else. May we console you by living a holy life and so come to share the eternal life Christ gained by his cross. Amen.

School emblem
The school emblem is a round logo with the name of the school, La Salette of Roxas across the circumference. Below is the city address, Roxas, Isabela.

At the center of the school emblem lies the La Salette Cross. The La Salette cross is worn by the Blessed Virgin Mary, was unusual because it has a hammer and pincer. The hammer symbolizes the sinner nailing Jesus on the cross by human sins and the pincer represents the humanity trying to remove the nails from the cross by our virtuous life and fidelity to Jesus. This cross was seen hanging on a chain around the neck of the Blessed Virgin.

Below the cross lies the motto of the school, Pro deo et Patria, an Italian phrase meaning For God and Country.

Celebrations
La Salette of Roxas celebrates many occasions within a school year. Some of these are:

Intamurals
The intramurals or sports intramurals are usually celebrated every July. It is a one-day celebration starting with a Celebration of the Holy Eucharist and a parade around the town led by the school drum and lyre corps. The celebration starts in the morning and ends in the afternoon. Sports is the center of this celebration with the opposing teams compete with each other on different sport events such as basketball, volleyball, softball, sepak takraw and badminton.

The intramural sports programs are often organized on the campus to promote competition and fun among the students. In the afternoon, unfinished games and categories are continued on the celebration of the Foundation Day.

Foundation Day
The celebration of the foundation starts every September 16 and ends on September 19 marking the anniversary of the apparition of Our Lady of La Salette. Foundation Day is the most awaited event in a school year.

There are always four teams competing each other, the name of the teams always start with a representing color followed by a representing mascot depending on the yearly theme. Some of themes are gemstones, animals and more. Each team consists of one section from each year level.

The celebration starts with a Holy Mass and a parade led by the flag bearers and drum and lyre corps of the Elementary Department, in the middle, the drum and lyre corps of High School Department. It is participated by all students classified on teams. All are wearing their official colors. The parade also has floats from Elementary Department, and the float of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The parade also consists of the faculty and staff, and College Department usually at the end of the long parade.

The competitions are scheduled accordingly so all students have to watch every event. Some of the major competitions are folk dance, cheering competition, pop dancing competition and dancesport are always held in the school quadrangle. There are also singing competitions for solo and duo in the school auditorium.

In the literary competition, there is always a declamation, oration and extemporaneous speaking held in the auditorium.

There are also different booths during the Foundation Day Celebration, they are as follows:

Sports competition is usually in the afternoon and are held in different parts of the school field. Winners of the final round are considered the champion for the said event. Awardings of trophies and medals are usually on the afternoon of September 19. The next day after the Foundation Day is considered a school holiday where some students are assigned for cleaning.

Buwan ng Wika
The Buwan ng Wika is always celebrated in schools in the Philippines every August. The school promotes the usage of Filipino in the school campus during this month. At the last week of August, competitions are always held. Some of these are slogan making contest, poster making contest, Paglikha ng Tula at Mga Awitin.

The yearly Sabayang Pagbigkas Competition is also held. Participants are Section A Classes from each year level.

Nutrition Month
Every July, La Salette of Roxas celebrates Nutrition Month. During the last week of celebration, there are also slogan and poster making contests with a theme about nutrition. There is also a cooking competition held at the TLE Building, same as to catering competition and flower arranging competition.

Others
English Week
This promotes usage of English language. Students caught speaking in Tagalog will be given corresponding punishments. Competitions are also held same as to Buwan ng Wika. This is being celebrated last week of January.

Rosary Month
This is celebrated every October. Students are required to light candles on the Rosary Garden. Programs such as Prayer offering are held.

Belen
During the month of December, students have to donate goods like used underwear, toys and basic commodities. Each section must earn their goods and they are being counted weekly with corresponding points. The section with the highest value of donations every week are announced during the Flag ceremony and earn extra rice. The earned goods are donated on Christmas Day to people of remote areas in the town.

Class

High school

Christian Formation
La Salette of Roxas offers education not only in academics but also in yearning the youth to Christian Values that is why an added subject "Religion" is in the curriculum from pre-school to college. The person teaching the subject can only be either a priest or a nun. However, most of the time, the Sisters get the position in teaching Christian Formation.

Before, religion classes take part on sending Salettinians to Elementary Schools in Roxas, Isabela to teach the word of God once a week. This is often referred to as catechism and students teaching the word of God is called a catechist. But in 2005, the catechism was stopped by the school due to public demand.

Recollection and Retreat

Students enrolled in La Salette of Roxas are required to attend the scheduled Recollection. Various activities are done by the students and the attending priest or a brother. There is also a celebration of Holy Mass and Confession by the Sacrament of Penance. The Recollection is usually done in the school chapel or inside the Building II.
The Retreat, on the other hand can only be done by the fourth year students. Retreat is usually on the months of January or February where fourth-year students stay in the National Shrine of Our Lady of La Salette in Silang, Cavite which is a 16-hour trip from Roxas, Isabela. The students engage in spiritual exercises for one week, and connect themselves to God. The purpose of this is for the students to reconnect with God through prayer and meditation. However, the students can tour the whole compound of the shrine which is considered the largest Shrine of Our Lady of La Salette.

See also
La Salette of Quezon
University of La Salette

References

Schools in Isabela (province)
Catholic elementary schools in the Philippines
Catholic secondary schools in the Philippines
Educational institutions established in 1957
Catholic universities and colleges in the Philippines
1957 establishments in the Philippines


Melaspileaceae is a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi within Ascomycota. These fungi have long been poorly understood, and the family's taxonomic position has been unclear because of insufficient molecular data. It was previously included in the order Arthoniales (class Arthoniomycetes) but recent phylogenetic analyses indicate that it instead belongs to the order Eremithallales (class Dothideomycetes).

Eremithallales was circumscribed as a new order in 2008, and Eremithallus costaricensis was included as the only species. The phylogenetic results placing Melaspileaceae in Eremithallales are corresponding with the morphology as the only genus in Eremithallales are sharing morphological similarities with Melaspilea, which is the type genus of Melaspileaceae. They are both being lichenized with a trentepohlioid photobiont and they share similarities in ascomata, exciple, hamathecium, ascus and ascospore types. This means Eremithallaceae has now been synonymized under Melaspileaceae, and Eremithallus costaricensis is included in the genus Melaspilea.

References

Dothideomycetes
Dothideomycetes families
Lichen families
Taxa described in 1929
Taxa named by William Watson (botanist)


Gentle Men is an album released in 1997 by English folk singers Roy Bailey and Robb Johnson in collaboration with Belgian singer Vera Coomans and Belgian jazz band Koen De Cauter and the Golden Serenaders.  The album takes the form of a song cycle inspired by the experiences of Johnson's grandfathers during the First World War, and was released as part of the Vredesconcerten Passendale (Paschendale Peace Concerts) series.

Concept
Johnson based the songs on the album around the experiences of his two grandfathers at the Ypres Salient in 1917 and used official histories and family memories in his research.  According to the album's sleevenotes, Johnson's paternal grandfather, Ernest Isaac Johnson, was an apprentice glassblower and amateur musician, who served as a bandsman in the Royal Army Medical Corps from 1915 until the conclusion of the war in 1918.  His maternal grandfather, Henry Robert Jenner, enlisted despite being underage and served with the Post Office Rifles.  When his true age was discovered, he was allocated duties away from the frontline, but was eventually sent back to the trenches.  Despite being affected by a mustard gas attack, he also survived the war.

Credits
According to the sleevenotes, Bailey, Johnson and Coomans all contribute lead vocals, and Johnson also plays guitar and whistle.  Koen De Cauter plays saxophone, guitar and clarinet, and the Golden Serenaders band also includes Hendrik Braeckman on guitar, Dajo De Cauter on double bass, Myrdhin De Cauter on clarinet, Jan De Coninck on trumpet, Philip Hoessen on accordion and Willy Seeuws on drums.  Piet Chielens produced the album, which was recorded and mixed by Rudy Dekeyzer.  All songs were written by Johnson and arranged by De Cauter and his band.

Reception
Folk music magazine The Living Tradition described the songs as "emotive, thought provoking and carry[ing] great depth and weight."  Allmusic described the songs as "moving" and stated that it was one of the best albums of Johnson's career.  Mojo named the album Folk Album of the Month, and The Daily Telegraph chose it as Folk Album of the Year.

Track listing

Disc One

Disc Two

In 2000 Johnson performed the songs from the album at a Remembrance Day concert in Worcester with a band which included Russell Churney.  He also re-recorded the song "When Harry Took Me To See Ypres", providing the lead vocals himself, on his 2005 album A Beginner's Guide.

References

1997 albums
Songs about the military
Robb Johnson albums


Forge FM was a youth-led community radio station and educational charity in Sheffield in the 1990s.  Run by volunteers, the station brought together a wide range of specialist music shows and speech-based programming with the aim of involving all members of the community, the first of its kind in the city.

History

Originally the Radio and TV Society (RTVS) formed in 1991 at the Sheffield University Students Union (SUSU), the name Forge was chosen through a competition prior to the first 28-day RSL broadcast in October 1992.  A second broadcast was made from the Union in October 1993.

In 1994 the Student Union withdrew their support following reports that Forge's activities were no longer student orientated.  The organisation moved to a new home in Sheffield's Cultural Industries Quarter. Forge was now an independent entity comprising a registered educational charity (Forge FM, charity number 1039396) and a registered company (02825116 Forge FM Trading Ltd). Funding from grants was used to run a series of courses in radio production.  The long-term goal of the organisation was to become a full-time community radio station for Sheffield.

Forge continued to produce annual 28-day broadcasts and also collaborated with the Northern Media School at Sheffield Hallam University to produce broadcasts for the Sheffield Children's Festival as Festival FM.

The long-term goal was never realised – in 2000 The charity was removed from the Charities Register and the trading company was dissolved.

Successors
Forge Radio – The current student radio station at The University of Sheffield
Sheffield Live – a full-time community radio station broadcasting to Sheffield

Notes

External links
Forge FM website on the Wayback Machine (incomplete)

Community radio stations in the United Kingdom
Radio stations in Yorkshire
Mass media in Sheffield


Never a Dull Moment is a 1950 American comedy western film from RKO Pictures, starring Irene Dunne and Fred MacMurray. The film is based on the 1943 book Who Could Ask For Anything More? by Kay Swift. The filming took place between December 5, 1949, and February 1, 1950, in Thousand Oaks, California. It has no relation to the 1968 Disney film of the same name starring Dick Van Dyke and Edward G. Robinson.

Plot
At a rodeo in New York, visiting cowboy Chris Heyward is charmed to make the acquaintance of Kay Kingsley, a songwriter. They marry and move out west to his ranch in Wyoming. Here, she meets Chris' two daughters from a previous marriage, Nan and Tina, and his old  romantic interest, Jean Morrow.

Kay tries to adjust to her new life in Wyoming, but it is hard: a windstorm threatens their home, and the children are leery of her. A rival rancher named Mears holds the water rights to his land; Kay accidentally humiliates him at a dance and kills his prize steer.

Kay is eventually offered a job back in New York that could help pay for the water rights. She takes it, but Chris is alienated; he needs to be persuaded by the kids to return east and win her back.

Cast
 Irene Dunne as Kay
 Fred MacMurray as Chris
 William Demarest as Mears
 Andy Devine as Orvie
 Gigi Perreau as Tina
 Natalie Wood as Nan
 Philip Ober as Jed
 Jack Kirkwood as Papa Dude
 Ann Doran as Jean

Uncredited (in order of appearance)
 Jacqueline deWit as Myra Van Elson, Kay's sarcastic friend
 Lela Bliss	as Mama Dude
 Irving Bacon as Tunk Johnson
 Gene Evans	as Hunter
 Olin Howland as Hunter
 Paul Newlan as Hunter
 Chester Conklin as Albert
 Jimmy Hawkins as Chalmers
 Mason Alan Dinehart as Sonny Boy
 Dan White as Shivaree participant
 Victoria Horne as Shivaree participant

Songs by Kay Swift
 "Once You Find Your Guy" (sung by Dunne in the film's opening minutes)
 "The Man with the Big Felt Hat"
 "Sagebrush Lullaby"

Reception
The New York Times critic Bosley Crowther described the film as a "miserably tedious farce" whose "sole achievement as entertainment is the presentation of Irene Dunne in a series of rustic encounters that are about as funny as stepping on a nail."

References

External links

1950 films
1950 romantic comedy films
American black-and-white films
American romantic comedy films
1950s Western (genre) comedy films
Films based on American novels
Films directed by George Marshall
Films scored by Friedrich Hollaender
Films set in New York City
Films set in Wyoming
RKO Pictures films
Films shot in Ventura County, California
1950s English-language films
1950s American films


The following are lists of demons:

 List of theological demons, in religions that consider them to be demons, and in some cases also consider them deities
 List of demons in Ars Goetia, the first book in the 17th century grimoire The Lesser Key of Solomon
 List of spirits in Ars Theurgia Goetia, the second book in the 17th century grimoire The Lesser Key of Solomon
 List of angels in Ars Paulina, the third book in the 17th century grimoire The Lesser Key of Solomon
 List of spirits appearing in grimoires (mentions demons several times)
 List of demons in fiction, demons from fiction with authors and book or other fictional work that they occur in
 List of films about demons, demon-themed films

See also
 Lists of angels


Best of Indie Years is the second compilation album by L'Âme Immortelle.

Track listing

 "Lieder die wie Wunden bluten"
 "Winter of my Soul"
 "Silver Rain"
 "Will You?"
 "Love is Lost"
 "Resurrection"
 "In the Heart of Europe (original version)"
 "Redemption"
 "Scheideweg"
 "Ich gab dir alles"
 "Another Day"
 "Epitaph"
 "Leaving"
 "Betrayal"
 "Letting Go"

2008 greatest hits albums
L'Âme Immortelle albums


Stine Larsen (born 5 November 1975) is a retired Norwegian long-distance runner who specialized in the marathon.

In her younger days she won a bronze medal in the 10,000 metres at the inaugural European Under 23 Championships in 1997, finishing behind Olivera Jevtic and Annemari Sandell. She finished twelfth at the 2000 World Half Marathon Championships. In the marathon event she has finished seventeenth at the 2003 World Championships and twenty-fourth at the 2004 Olympic Games.

She became Norwegian champion in the half marathon in 1999, representing the sports club FIK BFG Fana.

Personal bests
5000 metres - 15:46.02 min (1997)
10,000 metres - 32:28.16 min (2000) - fourth among Norwegian 10,000 metres runners, only behind Ingrid Kristiansen, Susanne Wigene and Gunhild Halle Haugen.
Half marathon - 1:09:28 hrs (2000) - third among Norwegian half marathon runners, only behind Ingrid Kristiansen and Grete Waitz.
Marathon - 2:27:05 hrs (2002) - third among Norwegian marathon runners, only behind Ingrid Kristiansen and Grete Waitz.

Achievements

References

1975 births
Living people
Norwegian female long-distance runners
Norwegian female marathon runners
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Norway
Sportspeople from Bergen


Youssef Moughfire  (born 1 December 1976) is a French former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

External links

1976 births
Living people
French men's footballers
French expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
CS Sedan Ardennes players
Thouars Foot 79 players
Olympique Noisy-le-Sec players
AS Cannes players
Panachaiki F.C. players
SSV Ulm 1846 players
Czech First League players
FK Viktoria Žižkov players
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda players
FC Senec players
Slovak First Football League players
French expatriate sportspeople in the Czech Republic
Expatriate men's footballers in the Czech Republic
French expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
French expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
French expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany


Aristolochia indica (native language: Garudakkodi / Eswaramooli) is a creeper plant found in Southern India and also Sri Lanka. It Is known as 'sapsada' in Sri Lanka and is critical to the survival of the southern birdwing and common birdwing, as well as crimson and common rose butterflies. It reaches a height of several metres on trees and cover the branches with thick foliage. It is commonly found in forest floor, rocky hillslopes. It flowers once a year to produce seeds. It can also be propagated by roots. The plant has a number of historical medicinal uses.

Toxicity

This plant contains aristolochic acid, a carcinogen also found in various Aristolochia and Asarum plants, both in the family Aristolochiaceae. Aristolochic acid is composed of an about 1:1 mixture of two forms, aristolochic acid I and aristolochic acid II.

In addition to its carcinogenicity, aristolochic acid is also highly nephrotoxic and may be a causative agent in Balkan nephropathy. However, despite these well-documented dangers, aristolochic acid still is present sometimes in herbal remedies (such as for weight loss), primarily because of substitution of innocuous herbs with Aristolochia species. The alcoholic extract is more toxic than the water extract.

References

External links

Anti-inflammatory, Antipruritic and Mast Cell Stabilizing Activity of Aristolochia Indica.
Toxicological risk assessment of Aristolochia species .

indica
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus


Never a Dull Moment may refer to:
 Never a Dull Moment (novel), a 1942 thriller novel by Peter Cheyney
Never a Dull Moment (1943 film), starring the Ritz Brothers
Never a Dull Moment (1950 film), starring Irene Dunne and Fred MacMurray
Never a Dull Moment (1968 film), starring Dick Van Dyke and Edward G. Robinson
Never a Dull Moment (Rod Stewart album), released 1972
Never a Dull Moment (Tommy Lee album), released 2002
Never a Dull Moment (EP) by Willie the Kid & Lee Bannon, released 2010


Digby is a town in the Western District of Victoria, Australia.  The town is in the Shire of Glenelg,  west of the state capital, Melbourne, on the Stokes River, a tributary of the Glenelg.  At the 2006 census, Digby and the surrounding area had a population of 369. The town is believed to be named either after Digby, Lincolnshire, in England, or in honour of a legendary early rural Australian identity, "Digby" McCabe.

The Henty Brothers established the first European settlement in the Digby area in 1837. In 1843, the Woolpack Inn was established near modern Digby; it burnt down in 1887. By 1847 the town consisted of the inn, a blacksmith and a series of huts. The town was officially surveyed in 1852. On 1 June 1858, Digby Post Office opened. In 1857, a second inn—the Digby Hotel—was established. It still exists today, although it was rebuilt after a fire in 1935.

The Digby Mechanics Institute was built in 1868 and has continually operated since. The first sitting of the Supreme Court of Victoria outside Melbourne was in Digby in 1869. By 1874 the town had a post office, two hotels, four shops and a school.

Traditional ownership
The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Digby sits are the Gunditjmara People who are represented by the Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation.

References

Towns in Victoria (state)


Wansford Lock was built as part of the Driffield Navigation in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was opened in 1770, and restored in 2009. It was designated Grade II in 1985.

Location

In the village of Wansford, the lock is easily accessible from the B1249 road.

Situated on the Driffield Navigation
Next Place Upstream: Whinhill Lock
Next Place Downstream: Wansford Bridge

History

The lock was built during the construction of the Driffield Navigation between 1767 and 1770. It was restored in two stages, the first of which involved the creation of a flood relief channel around the lock chamber, which was completed in Autumn 2008. New top and bottom gates were installed as part of the second phase, and the lock was officially opened on 4 July 2009.
The funding for this project was provided by the Inland Waterways Association, the East Riding of Yorkshire Council, and Waste Recycling Environmental Limited (WREN), who give grants to organisations based near to landfill sites.

See also

Driffield Navigation
Canal lock

References

External links

Buildings and structures in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Transport in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Locks on the Driffield Navigation
Grade II listed buildings in the East Riding of Yorkshire


Mirko Plantić  (born 15 January 1985) is a Croatian footballer.

Career
He had a spell with Austrian 4th tier side SV Sierning in 2012.

References

External links

Profile at 1hnl.net
National team stats at Croatian Football Federation website

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Zagreb
Men's association football defenders
Croatian men's footballers
Croatia men's youth international footballers
Croatia men's under-21 international footballers
NK Varaždin (1931–2015) players
FC Chornomorets Odesa players
NK Croatia Sesvete players
NK Radnik Križevci players
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda players
KF Vllaznia Shkodër players
NK Međimurje players
NK Istra 1961 players
Croatian Football League players
Slovak First Football League players
Kategoria Superiore players
Austrian Landesliga players
Croatian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Expatriate men's footballers in Albania
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Albania
Expatriate men's footballers in Austria
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Austria
Expatriate men's footballers in Switzerland
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Germany


The angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), also called angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of antihypertensive drugs that act by blocking the effects of the hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) in the body, thereby lowering blood pressure. Their structure is similar to Ang II and they bind to Ang II receptors as inhibitors, e.g., [T24 from Rhys Healthcare].

ARBs are widely used drugs in the clinical setting today, their main indications being mild to moderate hypertension, chronic heart failure, secondary stroke prevention and diabetic nephropathy.

The discovery and development of ARBs is a demonstrative example of modern rational drug design and how design can be used to gain further knowledge of physiological systems, in this case, the characterization of the subtypes of Ang II receptors.

History
In 1898, the physiologist Robert Tigerstedt and his student, Per Bergman, experimented with rabbits by injecting them with kidney extracts. Their results suggested the kidneys produced a protein, which they named renin, that caused a rise in blood pressure. In the 1930s, Goldblatt conducted experiments where he constricted the renal blood flow in dogs; he found the ischaemic kidneys did in fact secrete a chemical that caused vasoconstriction. In 1939, renin was found not to cause the rise in blood pressure, but was an enzyme which catalyzed the formation of the substances that were responsible, namely, angiotensin I (Ang I) and Ang II.

In the 1970s, scientists first observed Ang II to harm the heart and kidneys, and individuals with high levels of renin activity in plasma were at increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke.
With the introduction of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in the late 1970s it was confirmed that Ang II plays an important role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte and fluid balance.

Before that attempts had been made to develop useful Ang II receptor antagonists and initially, the main focus was on angiotensin peptide analogues. Saralasin and other Ang II analogues were potent Ang II receptor blockers but the main problem was a lack of oral bioavailability.

In the early 1980s it was noted that a series of imidazole-5-acetic acid derivatives diminished blood pressure responses to Ang II in rats. Two compounds, S-8307 and S-8308, were later found to be highly specific and promising non-peptide Ang II receptor antagonists but using molecular modeling it was seen that their structures would have to mimic more closely the pharmacophore of Ang II. Structural modifications were made and the orally active, potent and selective nonpeptide AT1 receptor blocker losartan was developed. In 1995 losartan was approved for clinical use in the United States and since then six additional ARBs have been approved. These drugs are known for their excellent side-effects profiles, which clinical trials have shown to be similar to those of placebos.

The angiotensin II receptor
The actions of Ang II are mediated by angiotensin receptors, AT1 and AT2. These receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptors family which are seven transmembrane helices, connected by interchanging extracellular and intracellular loops.

Each G protein-coupled receptor couples to a specific G-protein which leads to activation of a special effector system. AT1 receptors are for instance primarily coupled through the Gq/11 group of G-proteins.
Two more angiotensin receptors have been described, AT3 and AT4, but their role is still unknown.

Distribution in the body
AT1 receptors are mainly found in the heart, adrenal glands, brain, liver and kidneys. Their main role is to regulate blood pressure as well as fluid and electrolyte balance.
AT2 receptors are highly expressed in the developing fetus but they decline rapidly after birth. In the adult, AT2 receptors are present only at low levels and are mostly found in the heart, adrenal glands, uterus, ovaries, kidneys and brain.

Functions
Most of the known actions of Ang II are mediated through the AT1 receptors, for example vasoconstriction, aldosterone release, renal sodium reabsorption and vasopressin secretion. The AT2 receptor also takes part in regulation of blood pressure and renal function but mediates antagonistic effects compared to the AT1 receptor.

Binding pockets

Ang II binds to AT1 receptors via various binding sites. The primary binding site is at the extracellular region of the AT1 receptor where Ang II interacts with residues in the N-terminus of the AT1 receptor and its first and third extracellular loops. The transmembrane helices also contribute to the binding via the C-terminal carboxyl group that interacts with Lys199 in the upper part of helix 5 of the receptor; see figure 1 for details.
The ionic bridge formed between Lys199 and the carboxyl terminal group of the Phe8 residue of Ang II is most likely stabilized by the Trp253 residue. In addition, Phe259 and Asp263 in transmembrane helix 6 and Lys102 and Ser105 in the outer region of transmembrane helix 3 have also been implicated in Ang II binding. This region may possibly participate in the stabilization of the receptor's ratification and in the formation of the intramembrane binding pocket.

Mechanism of action

Blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.
Renin, an enzyme released from the kidneys, converts the inactive plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin I (Ang I).  Then Ang I is converted to Ang II with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), see figure 2. Ang II in plasma then binds to AT-receptors.

ARBs are blocking the last part of the renin–angiotensin pathway and block the pathway more specifically than ACE inhibitors.

The AT1 receptor mediates Ang II to cause increased cardiac contractility, sodium reabsorption and vasoconstriction which all lead to increased blood pressure. By blocking AT1 receptors, ARBs lead to lower blood pressure.

An insurmountable inhibition of the AT1 receptor is achieved when the maximum response of Ang II cannot be restored in the presence of the ARB, no matter how high the concentration of Ang II is.
The angiotensin receptor blockers can inhibit the receptor in a competitive surmountable, competitive insurmountable or noncompetitive fashion, depending upon the rate at which they dissociate from the receptor.

Drug discovery and development

Development from saralasin to losartan and eprosartan
For a simple overview of the development of ARBs, see figure 3.

Because of saralasin, the first Ang II antagonist, and the development of the first ACE inhibitor captopril, it was generally acknowledged that Ang II receptor antagonists might be promising as effective antihypertensive agents.

Saralasin was developed in the early 1970s and is an octapeptide analogue of Ang II, where the amino acids Asp1, Ile5 and Phe8 have been replaced with Ser1, Val5 and Ala8, respectively. Saralasin was not orally bioavailable, had short duration of action and showed partial agonist activity and therefore it was not suitable as a drug.

Thus the goal was to develop a smaller nonpeptide substance with similar inhibition and binding features. At this time, a group at DuPont had already started the screening of nonpeptide mimics of Ang II using existing substances from chemical libraries.

Research investigators at Takeda discovered in 1982 the weak nonpeptide Ang II antagonists S-8307 and S-8308 from a group of 1-benzylimidazole-5-acetic acid derivatives. S-8307 and S-8308 have moderate potency, short duration of action and limited oral bioavailability, however they are selective and competitive AT1 receptor antagonists without partial agonist activity. A group at DuPont postulated that both Ang II and the Takeda leads were bound at the same receptor site. These two substances served as lead compounds for further optimization of AT1 receptor blockers.

Using nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the spatial structure of Ang II, scientists at DuPont discovered that the Takeda structures had to be enlarged at a particular position to resemble more closely the much larger peptide Ang II.
Computer modeling was used to compare S-8308 and S-8307 with Ang II and it was seen that Ang II contains two acidic residues near the NH2 terminus. These groups were not mimicked by the Takeda leads and therefore it was hypothesized that acidic functional groups would have to be added to the compounds.
The 4-carboxy-derivative EXP-6155 had a binding activity which was ten-fold greater than that of S-8308 which further strengthened this hypothesis.

By replacing the 4-carboxy-group with a 2-carboxy-benzamido-moiety the compound EXP-6803 was synthesized. It had highly increased binding affinity but was only active when administered intravenously.

Replacing the 2-carboxy-benzamido-group with a 2-carboxy-phenyl-group created the lipophilic biphenyl-containing EXP-7711, which exhibited good oral activity but slightly less affinity for the AT1 receptor.

Then the polar carboxyl group was replaced with a more lipophilic tetrazole group in order to increase oral bioavailability and duration of action further and the compound thus formed was named losartan. This development took place in 1986 and losartan became the first successful Ang II antagonist drug, approved as such in the United States in 1995 and was marketed by Merck.

This development was an extensive program and it is estimated that the process from the Takeda structures to the final substance, losartan, took more than fifty person-years of work in biological testing and chemical modifications. This represents an excellent investment given that a recent study estimated that losartan administration in the European union may reduce health care provision costs by 2.5 billion euro over 3.5 years.

Using a different lead, optimization from S-8308, eprosartan was developed by SmithKline Beecham in 1992. Eprosartan does not have a biphenyl-methyl structure but in order to mimic the C-terminal end of Ang II the 5-acetic acid group was replaced with an a-thienylacrylic acid and a 4-carboxy-moiety. Eprosartan is a selective, potent and competitive AT1 antagonist and its binding to AT1 receptors is rapid, reversible, saturable and of high affinity.

Development from losartan to other drugs
Losartan, valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan, telmisartan and olmesartan all contain a biphenyl-methyl group.

Losartan is partly metabolized to its 5-carboxylic acid metabolite EXP 3174, which is a more potent AT1 receptor antagonist than its parent compound
and has been a model for the continuing development of several other ARBs.

Valsartan, candesartan and irbesartan were all developed in 1990.

Valsartan, first marketed by Novartis, is a nonheterocyclic ARB, where the imidazole of losartan has been replaced by an acylated amino acid.

Irbesartan was developed by Sanofi Research and is longer acting than valsartan and losartan and it has an imidazolinone ring where a carbonyl group functions as a hydrogen bond acceptor instead of the hydroxymethyl group in losartan. Irbesartan is a non-competitive inhibitor.

Candesartan cilexetil (TCV 116) is a benzimidazole which was developed at Takeda and is an ester carbonate prodrug. In vivo, it is rapidly converted to the much more potent corresponding 7-carboxylic acid, candesartan. In the interaction of candesartan with AT1 receptor the carboxyl group of the benzimidazole ring plays an important role. Candesartan and its prodrug have stronger blood pressure lowering effects than EXP 3174 and losartan.

Telmisartan, which was discovered and developed in 1991 by Boehringer Ingelheim, has carboxylic acid as the biphenyl acidic group. It has the longest elimination half-life of the ARBs or about 24 hours.

Olmesartan medoxomil was developed by Sankyo in 1995 and is the newest ARB on the market, marketed in 2002. It is an ester prodrug like candesartan cilexetil. In vivo, the prodrug is completely and rapidly hydrolyzed to the active acid form, olmesartan (RNH-6270). It has a hydroxyisopropyl group connected to the imidazole ring in addition to the carboxyl group.

Pharmacophore and structure-activity relationship
Pharmacophore
There are three functional groups that are the most important parts for the bioactivity of ARBs, see figure 1 for details.
The first one is the imidazole ring that binds to amino acids in helix 7 (Asn295). The second group is the biphenyl-methyl group that binds to amino acids in both helices 6 and 7 (Phe301, Phe300, Trp253 and His256). The third one is the tetrazole group that interacts with amino acids in helices 4 and 5 (Arg167 and Lys199).
The tetrazole group has been successfully replaced by a carboxylic acid group as is the case with telmisartan.

Structure-activity relationship (SAR)
Most of the ARBs have the same pharmacophore so the difference in their biochemical and physiological effects is mostly due to different substituents. Activity of a drug is dependent of its affinity for the substrate site and the length of time it binds to the site.
Lipophilic substituents like the linear alkyl group at the 2-position on the imidazole ring together with the biphenyl-methyl group, associate with hydrophobic pockets of the receptor. An acidic group like tetrazole, CO2H or NHSO2CF3 at the 1-position of the biphenyl-methyl group will bind to a basic position in the receptor and are required for potent antagonistic activity.
In valsartan, the imidazole ring of losartan has been replaced with an acylated amino acid.
Several substituents have been tried at the 4- and 5- positions on the imidazole ring. The chloro and hydroxymethyl groups connected to these positions in losartan are probably not of much importance in receptor binding since the other ARBs do not possess these functional groups and have comparable or better binding affinities than losartan. Irbesartan has a carbonyl group at the 5-position, functioning as a hydrogen bond acceptor in place of the hydroxymethyl group of losartan, resulting in a longer binding to the receptor.
The structure of eprosartan is the one that differs most from the other ARBs, the usual biphenyl-methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy benzyl group that mimics more closely the phenolic moiety of Tyr4 group of Ang II. This change results in a stronger binding to the receptor but the biochemical and physiological effects are not significantly improved.
Telmisartan has a carboxylic acid at the 2-position of the biphenyl-methyl group and is more potent than the tetrazole analogue.
It has been reported that imidazoles that have hydroxymethyl and carboxy groups at the 4- and 5 position, possessed potent antagonistic activity, caused by the hydrogen bonding and hydrophilicity of the hydroxymethyl group.
It has also been reported that an hydroxy group in the 4-position on the imidazole ring, plays an important role in the binding affinity and compensates for the disadvantage of lipophilicity of the bulky alkyl group.
These results show that a medium-sized hydroxy alkyl group, such as CHMeOH and CMe2OH, is favorable for the substituent of the 4-position on the imidazole ring. Furthermore, the ionizable group is favorable for the binding affinity.

Candesartan and olmesartan have the highest affinity for the AT1 receptors, followed by irbesartan and eprosartan. Valsartan, telmisartan and EXP 3174 have similar affinities that are about ten-fold less than that of candesartan. Losartan has the least affinity. ARBs' affinity for the AT2 receptor is generally much lower (or around 10,000 times less) than for the AT1 subtype. Therefore, they allow unhindered stimulation of the AT2 receptor.

Drug comparison and pharmacokinetics

ARBs have a large therapeutic index and therefore their (mostly low) oral bioavailability does not appear to be of clinical significance.
As can be seen in table 1, these drugs are highly plasma protein-bound and therefore oral administration once a day should provide sufficient antihypertensive effects.
Around 14% of orally ingested losartan is metabolized to its 5-carboxylic acid metabolite EXP 3174. As mentioned before, candesartan cilexetil and olmesartan medoxomil are inactive ester prodrugs that are completely hydrolyzed to their active forms by esterases during absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. These three metabolites are more potent AT1 receptor antagonists than their prodrugs. The other ARBs do not have active metabolites.

All of the ARBs, except for valsartan and olmesartan, are metabolized in some way by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme 2C9, that is found in the human liver. CYP2C9 is for example responsible for the metabolizing of losartan to EXP 3174 and the slow metabolizing of valsartan and candesartan to their inactive metabolites. Telmisartan is, on the other hand, in part metabolized by glucuronidation and olmesartan is excreted as the unchanged drug.
Telmisartan is the only ARB that can cross the blood–brain barrier and can therefore inhibit centrally mediated effects of Ang II, contributing to even better blood pressure control.

All of the ARBs have the same mechanism of action and differences in their potency can be related to their different pharmacokinetic profiles. A few clinical head-to-head comparisons have been made and candesartan, irbesartan and telmisartan appear to be slightly more effective than losartan in lowering blood pressure. This difference may be related to different strengths of activity at the receptor level, such as duration and strength of receptor binding.

ARBs under development

Several new nonpeptide ARBs are undergoing clinical trials or are at pre-clinical stages of development. Among these are embusartan (BAY 10-6734 or BAY 10-6734), KRH-594, fonsartan (HR 720) and pratosartan (KT3-671). Pratosartan, for example, has a novel structure: a seven-membered ring that bears an oxo moiety (C=O) fused to the imidazole ring (figure 4), and its affinity for the AT1 receptor is about 7 times higher than  losartan's. The purpose of the oxo group is similar to that of the carboxylic acid groups on other ARBs.
Other attributes of ARBs are also under investigation, such as the positive effects of telmisartan on lipid and glucose metabolism and losartan's effects of lowering uric acid levels. Such effects might lead to new indications for these drugs but further research is needed.

See also
 Discovery and development of renin inhibitors

References

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, Discovery And Development Of


Hilde Hovdenak (born 15 February 1971) is a retired Norwegian long-distance runner who specialized in the 10,000 metres.

Internationally she finished thirteenth at the 1998 European Championships. She became Norwegian champion in the half marathon in 1998, and represented the sports clubs IL Molde-Olymp and IL i BUL.

Personal bests
5000 metres - 16:03.89 min (1998)
10,000 metres - 33:11.36 min (1998)
Half marathon - 1:14:24 hrs (1997)
Marathon - 2:33:25 hrs (1999)

References

1971 births
Living people
Norwegian female long-distance runners
Norwegian female marathon runners


Wakaf Bharu (Jawi: واقف بهارو; ) is a satellite town in Tumpat District, Kelantan, Malaysia. It is located approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) from Kota Bharu, the state capital city.

Facilities
Beside the mosque and several surau, there is also a church in Wakaf Bharu. Examples of housing estates in Wakaf Bharu area are Kawasan Perumahan SBJ (), Taman Sri Palas () and Taman Sri Delima (), 16250 Wakaf Bharu Kelantan.

Demographics
More than 90 percent at this area are Malays and Muslims. Wakaf Bharu becomes crowded on Friday because there is a well-known market called "Friday Market" near "Pasar Besar Wakaf Bharu" or Wakaf Bharu Big Market.

Education
Two primary schools called "Sekolah Kebangsaan Wakaf Bharu" and "Sekolah Sri Wakaf Bharu" and a secondary school called "Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Wakaf Bharu" are located here.

Transportation
The town is served by Wakaf Bharu railway station of Keretapi Tanah Melayu. Wakaf Bharu station is in fact the major disembarkation station for passengers headed towards Kota Bharu, as Kota Bharu itself has no rail service.

Towns in Kelantan
Tumpat District


The Roccellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Arthoniomycetes. Most taxa are lichenized with green algae, although some are lichenicolous, growing on other lichens.

Genera
, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 47 genera and 266 species in family Roccellaceae.
Ancistrosporella  – 3 spp.
Austrographa  – 3 spp.
Austroroccella  – 1 sp.
Baidera  – 1 sp.
Chiodecton  – ca. 22 spp.
Cresponea  – 21 spp.
Crocellina  – 1 sp.
Dendrographa  – 7 spp.
Dichosporidium  – 8 spp.
Diplogramma  – 1 spp.
Dirina  – 13 spp.
Dirinastrum  – 2 spp.
Diromma   – 1 sp.
Enterodictyon  – 2 spp. *
Enterographa  – (ca. 30 and 25 orphaned)
Erythrodecton  – 3 spp.
Feigeana  – 1 sp.
Follmanniella   – 1 sp.
Gorgadesia   – 1 sp.
Graphidastra   – 4 spp.
Gyrographa   – 3 spp.
Gyronactis   – 2 spp.
Halographis  – 1 sp.
Haplodina  – 3 spp.
Isalonactis  – 1 sp.
Lecanactis  – ca. 30 spp.
Mazosia  – 27 spp.
Neosergipea  – 4 spp.
Ocellomma  – 1 sp.
Paralecanographa  – 1 sp.
Protoroccella  – 2 spp.
Pseudolecanactis  – 1 sp.
Pseudoschismatomma  – 1 sp.
Psoronactis  – 1 sp.
Pulvinodecton  – 2 spp.
Roccella  – 32 spp.
Roccellina  – (29 + 5 orphaned in Sigridea)
Roccellodea  – 1 sp.
Sagenidiopsis  – 4 spp.
Schismatomma  – 10 spp.
Sigridea  – 6 spp.
Simonyella  – 1 sp.
Sipmania  – 1 sp.
Streimannia  – 1 sp.
Syncesia  – ca. 25 spp.
Tania  – 2 spp.
Vigneronia  – 3 spp.

References

Lichen families
Ascomycota families
Taxa named by François Fulgis Chevallier
Taxa described in 1826


Dreyfus is a 1930 German drama film directed by Richard Oswald and starring Fritz Kortner, Grete Mosheim, and Heinrich George. It portrays the Dreyfus affair and is based on a novel by Bruno Weil. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Franz Schroedter and Hermann Warm. It premiered at the Gloria-Palast in Berlin. In the United States the film was released under the alternative title The Dreyfus Case.

The film was remade the following year in Britain with Cedric Hardwicke in the title role.

Synopsis
In late nineteenth century Alfred Dreyfus, a French army officer of Jewish heritage, is falsely accused of espionage. Found guilty of treason he is drummed out of the army and sent to prison on Devil's Island. His family take up the case of the wronged officer, as does the writer Emile Zola who believes the original investigation was marred by anti-Semitism. Eventually the true culprit Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy is exposed.

Cast

References

Bibliography

External links

1930 films
1930s biographical drama films
1930s historical drama films
German biographical drama films
German historical drama films
Films of the Weimar Republic
Films about the Dreyfus affair
Films directed by Richard Oswald
German multilingual films
Films set in Paris
German black-and-white films
Films with screenplays by Fritz Wendhausen
Cultural depictions of Georges Clemenceau
1930 multilingual films
1930 drama films
1930s German films


Martin Achille Abena Biholong (born 14 June 1986) is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
Cameroonian men's footballers
Cameroonian expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Slovak First Football League players
Super League Greece players
Czech First League players
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda players
Xanthi F.C. players
AC Sparta Prague players
FC Lokomotiv 1929 Sofia players
Selangor F.C. players
FK Čáslav players
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in the Czech Republic
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Iran
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Expatriate men's footballers in the Czech Republic
FK Loko Vltavín players


I'm Gonna Be a Country Girl Again is the fifth album by singer/songwriter Buffy Sainte-Marie. As its title suggested, it saw her embrace Nashville country music with the help of session veterans such as the Jordanaires, Grady Martin, Roy M. Huskey, Jr. and Floyd Cramer. The album included re-recordings of "Now That the Buffalo's Gone" and "The Piney Wood Hills" from her first and second albums respectively. "Tall Trees in Georgia", in contrast to most of the material, showed Sainte-Marie performing in a style reminiscent of her earliest work.

I'm Gonna Be a Country Girl Again was not as well received critically or even commercially as her previous four albums, and relatively few of the songs unique to it have notable cover versions (Neko Case's cover of "Soulful Shade of Blue" may be considered an exception). The title tune, however, was to become a  Top 40 UK hit after she reached the Top Ten there with the title tune to the movie Soldier Blue (from her album She Used to Wanna Be a Ballerina).

Track listing
All songs composed by Buffy Sainte-Marie except where noted.

 "I'm Gonna Be a Country Girl Again" – 2:59
 "He's a Pretty Good Man If You Ask Me" – 2:29
 "Uncle Joe" (Traditional) – 2:10
 "A Soulful Shade of Blue" – 2:18
 "From the Bottom of My Heart" – 2:34
 "Sometimes When I Get to Thinkin'" – 3:01
 "The Piney Wood Hills" – 3:08
 "Now That the Buffalo's Gone" – 2:56
 "They Gotta Quit Kickin' My Dawg Around" (Traditional) – 1:39
 "Tall Trees in Georgia" – 3:33
 "The Love of a Good Man" – 2:54
 "Take My Hand for Awhile" – 2:34
 "Gonna Feel Much Better When You're Gone" – 1:46

Charts

Weekly charts
Billboard (North America)

Single

References

1968 albums
Buffy Sainte-Marie albums
Albums produced by Maynard Solomon
Vanguard Records albums


Whinhill Lock was built as part of the Driffield Navigation in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was originally opened in 1770, and was restored in 2004.

Location

Located between the village of Wansford and town of Driffield, the lock is easily accessible from the B1249 road.

Situated on the Driffield Navigation
Next Place Upstream: Town Lock
Next Place Downstream: Wansford Lock

History

The lock was built during the construction of the Driffield Navigation between 1767 and 1770, and is a grade II listed structure. After the last traffic to Driffield stopped around 1945 the lock gradually fell into disrepair. In 1968 the Driffield Navigation Amenities Association started to restore and maintain the canal and its structures. Various "working parties" have been held at the lock over the years, to conserve the structure, but in 2004 a lottery grant was secured to restore and re-gate it.

The lock was reopened by the Mayor of Driffield Mrs Margaret Killin on 25 June 2005.

See also

Driffield Navigation
Canal lock

References

External links

Buildings and structures in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Transport in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Locks on the Driffield Navigation
Grade II listed buildings in the East Riding of Yorkshire


Rolf Martin Landerl (born 24 October 1975) is an Austrian professional football coach and a former player. He was most recently the manager of Admira Wacker.

Coaching career
Landerl worked from 2010 to 2011 as a youth coach for VfB Lübeck while he still played for the club. In 2011, Landerl joined SV St. Margarethen as a player and he was also hired as an individual coach at the academy of his former club, Admira Wacker. In November 2012, he was appointed player-manager for St. Margarethen. He left St. Margarethen in the summer 2013.

On 4 July 2013, Landerl was appointed manager of FC Admira Wacker Mödling Amateure. In January 2016 VfB Lübeck confirmed, that Landerl would return to the club for the 2016–17 season as the club's new manager.

On 4 June 2021 he returned to Austria and was hired by Horn.

Career statistics

References

External links

Profile at laola1.at

1975 births
Living people
Austrian men's footballers
Austria men's international footballers
Men's association football forwards
SK Rapid Wien players
FK Inter Bratislava players
AZ Alkmaar players
Fortuna Sittard players
FC Groningen players
F.C. Penafiel players
FC Sopron players
FC Admira Wacker Mödling players
Grazer AK players
VfB Lübeck players
Eredivisie players
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda players
Slovak First Football League players
Footballers from Vienna
Austrian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Austrian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Austrian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Austrian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Expatriate football managers in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
Expatriate men's footballers in the Netherlands
Austrian football managers
VfB Lübeck managers
SK Schwadorf players
SV Horn managers
FC Admira Wacker Mödling managers


The Taphrinomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi belonging to the subdivision Taphrinomycotina. It includes the single order Taphrinales, which includes 2 families, 8 genera and 140 species.

References

Fungus classes
Taxa described in 1997


Jean Michel N'Lend  (born May 8, 1986) is a Cameroonian footballer.

Club career

Al-Shorta
Jean Michel N'Lend was the third foreign player to join Al Shorta in its history following the signings of fellow Cameroonian Innocent Awoa and Ivorian defender Sékou Tidiane Souaré. He made an instant impression at Al Shorta, scoring in friendly matches against Al Naft and Naft Al Junoob. His first league goals came against Al Shorta's fierce rivals Al Quwa Al Jawiya at the Al Shaab Stadium, where N'Lend scored a hat-trick of headers to seal a 4–1 victory. This was when N'Lend became a fan favourite and wrote his name into the history books, becoming the first-ever non-Iraqi to score a hat-trick in the Iraqi Premier League. He then went on to score again at the Al Shaab Stadium against Al Naft in a 2–2 draw, followed by the winning goal against Naft Al Junoob in a 2–1 win. He continued his impressive record of scoring in every game he had played at Al Shaab Stadium with the winning goal in a 2–1 win over huge rivals Al Zawraa, however that record ended five days later in a 1–1 draw with Al Talaba, a game in which he missed an open goal. He eventually left the club in May 2013 after a dip in form; Al Shorta's vice-president Adnan Jafar stated that the club had several players that were capable of filling in his position.

References

External links

Iraqsport

1986 births
Living people
Cameroonian men's footballers
Cameroonian expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Shanghai Shenhua F.C. players
Liaoning F.C. players
Chinese Super League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Algeria
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Algeria
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Expatriate men's footballers in China
MC Oran players
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in China
Fovu Club players
Expatriate men's footballers in Morocco
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Morocco
Fath Union Sport players
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda players
Slovak First Football League players
Al-Shorta SC players
Expatriate men's footballers in Iraq
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Iraq
Expatriate men's footballers in Jordan
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Jordan


Dreyfus is a 1931 British film on the Dreyfus affair, translated from the play by Wilhelm Herzog and Hans Rehfisch and the 1930 German film Dreyfus. It features George Zucco in his film debut.

Cast
Cedric Hardwicke as Capt. Alfred Dreyfus
Charles Carson as Col. Picquart
George Merritt as Émile Zola
Sam Livesey as Labori
Beatrix Thomson as Lucille Dreyfus
Garry Marsh as Maj. Esterhazy
Randle Ayrton as Court-martial president
Henry Caine as Col. Hubert-Joseph Henry
Reginald Dance as President, Zola trial
George Skillan as Maj. Armand du Paty de Clam
Leonard Shepherd as Georges Clemenceau
Arthur Hardy as Gen. Auguste Mercier
Alexander Sarner as Mathieu Dreyfus
Frederick Leister as Edgar Demange
J. Fisher White as Georges-Gabriel de Pellieux
Abraham Sofaer as Dubois
J. Leslie Frith as  Alphonse Bertillon
George Zucco as Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac

See also
Dreyfus (1930)

External links

1931 films
1930s historical drama films
Films about the Dreyfus affair
British multilingual films
British remakes of German films
British historical drama films
Cultural depictions of Alfred Dreyfus
Cultural depictions of Émile Zola
Cultural depictions of Georges Clemenceau
British black-and-white films
1931 multilingual films
1931 drama films
Films shot at British International Pictures Studios
1930s English-language films
1930s British films


My Friend Irma is an American radio and television series of the 1940s and 1950s.

My Friend Irma may refer to:

My Friend Irma (TV series), the TV adaptation of the radio series

My Friend Irma (film), a 1949 film directed by George Marshall, based upon the radio series

See also
My Friend Irma Goes West, a 1950 film


Esad Veledar  (born 4 January 1984) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

External links

fcdac1904.com

1984 births
Living people
German people of Bosnia and Herzegovina descent
German men's footballers
Footballers from Munich
Men's association football midfielders
Slovak First Football League players
TSV 1860 Munich II players
TSV 1860 Munich players
ASD Martina Calcio 1947 players
Panionios F.C. players
Fehérvár FC players
Budapest Honvéd FC players
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda players
German expatriate men's footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
German expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
German expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
Expatriate men's footballers in Hungary
German expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia


Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon may refer to:

 Louis Alexandre de Bourbon, Count of Toulouse (1678–1737), illegitimate son of Louis XIV of France
 Louis Alexandre de Bourbon, Prince of Lamballe (1747–1768), grandson of the above


Arthur Hardy may refer to:
Arthur Hardy (businessman) (1817–1909), South Australian pastoralist, barrister, quarry-owner, businessman and politician
Arthur Sturgis Hardy (1837–1901), Canadian premier of Ontario, 1896–1899
Arthur Sherburne Hardy (1847–1930), U.S. diplomat and academic
Arthur Hardy (actor) (1870–1951), British actor
Arthur Charles Hardy (1872–1962), Canadian politician
Arthur Hardy (footballer) (fl. 1891–1893), English footballer
Arthur Hardy (baseball) (1891–1980), American baseball player
Arthur C. Hardy (1895–1977), president of the Optical Society of America, 1935–1936
Arthur "Smokestack" Hardy (1901–1995), American volunteer fire fighter, photographer, black fire historian and collector of fire memorabilia

See also


Ernestine Lebrun (25 February 1906 – 6 May 2005) was a French freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics.

In 1920 she was eliminated in the first round of the 100 metre freestyle event as well as in the first round of the 300 metre freestyle competition. Four years later at the Paris Games she was a member of the French relay team which finished fifth in the 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay competition. She also participated in the 100 metre freestyle event and in the 400 metre freestyle competition but in both she was eliminated in the first round. In 1923 and 1925 Lebrun win the same 3 events, 100 metre freestyle, 400 metre freestyle and 1000 metre freestyle, at the French swimming championships.

References

External links
Ernestine Lebrun's profile at Sports Reference.com

1906 births
Sportspeople from Tourcoing
Olympic swimmers for France
Swimmers at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
2005 deaths
French female freestyle swimmers
Women's World Games medalists
20th-century French women
20th-century French people
21st-century French people


Nations Trust Bank PLC (abbreviated as NTB) is one of the listed banks in Sri Lanka with 96 branches, 99 ATMs and 64 cash deposit & withdrawal machines as well as an automated channels and is the issuer and sole acquirer for American Express Credit Cards in Sri Lanka. Nation Trust Bank's major shareholders are John Keells Holdings and Central Finance Company PLC which are leading companies in their respective operating sectors in Sri Lanka.

History
Nations Trust Bank was established in July 1999 when it acquired the Colombo Branch of Overseas Trust Bank Ltd.

Acquisition of Waldock Mackenzie Ltd.
Acquisition of the Kandy branch of the Standard Chartered Bank
Acquisition of the Personal Banking portfolio of Deutsche Bank
Acquisition of the Commercial Banking Business and Foreign Exchange Business of American Express Bank in Colombo
Merger with Mercantile Leasing Company in January 2006

The bank has 96 branches and 99 ATM machines.

References

Banks of Sri Lanka
Banks established in 1999
Companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange
Sri Lankan companies established in 1999


The Côte de granite rose or Pink Granite Coast is a stretch of coastline in the Côtes d'Armor departement of northern Brittany, France. It stretches for more than thirty kilometres from Plestin-les-Grèves to Louannec, encompassing Trégastel.

It has become a popular tourist destination due to its unusual pink sands and rock formations.

References

Granite Rose
Tourist attractions in Côtes-d'Armor
Geography of Côtes-d'Armor


The Mother of All Talk Shows is an international talk radio show hosted by Scottish broadcaster and politician George Galloway on YouTube, Rumble, Telegram, Facebook, Twitter, Gettr. The show airs on Sundays 7pm UK and Wednesday 9pm UK and can be watched at MOATS.tv

The show formerly aired on talkRADIO, a British commercial radio station owned by Wireless Group. The programme aired every Friday between 7pm and 10pm. The original show aired each Friday and Saturday night between 10pm and 1am from March 2006 and March 2010 on talkRADIO's parent station, Talksport.

History

talkSPORT
On 11 March 2006, Galloway began his radio show on Talksport, and two weeks later started a simultaneous broadcast on Talk 107, Talksport's Edinburgh-based sister station. Billed as The Mother of All Talk Shows. Following his January 2006 humorous impersonation of a cat fed milk by actress Rula Lenska on Channel 5's Celebrity Big Brother, Galloway chose to begin every radio broadcast with the theme from the Top Cat cartoon series, followed by an extempore monologue by Galloway, dealing primarily with political issues, economics, international relations, political philosophy and other topical issues. The show's title refers to Saddam Hussein's remark that the Gulf War was "the mother of all battles". Galloway made an inexplicit allusion to Hussein's remark comments at the U.S. Senate "Oil for Food" hearing in May 2005, when he called the hearing "the mother of all smokescreens".

After the opening monologue, Galloway invited callers to challenge his views, with a preference for those who disagree with him and women callers. Galloway occasionally called his program The Great Debate and is different from other talk show hosts in that he willingly and ably debated hostile callers and encouraged those who strongly disagree with him to call "come and have a go if you think you’re hard enough".

In June 2009, broadcasting regulator Ofcom said that several episodes of Galloway's Talksport programme between November 2008 and January 2009 had broken its guidelines by moving away from a debating format "to campaign on a major matter of controversy", because Galloway had called on listeners to join demonstrations against Israel because of the Gaza War. Ofcom rejected complaints that the programmes concerned had failed to observe its impartiality rules.

Galloway stopped presenting the show on 27 March 2010, due to campaign commitments in the 2010 UK General Election. In August 2010, he returned to the station with a new show in a similar format, but titled The Week with George Galloway, described by the station as a "No-holds barred review of the past seven days around the world." The end of this programme was announced in March 2012 in common with the dropping of all the non-sport elements of its schedule at the beginning of April.

talkRADIO
Galloway began to broadcast on talkRADIO (which launched in March 2016 as a sister station to Talksport), after the 2016 London mayoral election. The first programme was broadcast in the evening of 24 June 2016, and the last on 17 May 2019.

Sputnik
The show was cancelled by talkRADIO on 3 June 2019 following an allegedly anti-Semitic tweet Galloway made a few days prior. After Liverpool F.C. beat Tottenham Hotspur in the 2019 Champions League Final Galloway tweeted "Congratulations to the great people of #Liverpool to the memory of the socialist miner #BillShankley to the fallen #96 to those who fought for justice for them and to the Liverpool dockers. No #Israël flags on the Cup!".

Following the cancellation, the show moved to Radio Sputnik. It ran there until March 2022, when sanctions over the Russian invasion of Ukraine cut off Russian state media in many other countries. It is currently broadcast on Galloway's YouTube, Rumble and other social media channels.

References

British talk radio programmes
George Galloway
2006 radio programme debuts