The Jewish immigration to Puerto Rico began in the 15th century with the arrival of the anusim (variously called conversos, Crypto-Jews, Secret Jews or marranos) who accompanied Christopher Columbus on his second voyage. An open Jewish community did not flourish in the colony because Judaism was prohibited by the Spanish Inquisition. However, many migrated to mountainous parts of the island, far from the central power of San Juan, and continued to self-identify as Jews and practice Crypto-Judaism.

It would be hundreds of years before an open Jewish community was established on the island. Very few American Jews settled in Puerto Rico after it was ceded by Spain to the United States under the terms of the 1898 Treaty of Paris, which ended the Spanish–American War.

The first large group of Jews to settle in Puerto Rico were refugees fleeing German–occupied Europe in the 1930s and 1940s. The second influx came in the 1950s, when thousands of Cuban Jews (most of Eastern-European descent) fled after Fidel Castro came to power. The majority immigrated to Miami, Florida, but a sizable portion chose to establish and integrate themselves on the neighboring island because of Puerto Rico's cultural, linguistic, racial, and historic similarities to Cuba.

Puerto Rican Jews have made many contributions in multiple fields, including business, commerce, education, and entertainment. Puerto Rico has the largest Jewish community in the Caribbean, with over 3,000 Jewish inhabitants. It is also the only Caribbean island in which all three major Jewish denominations—Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform—are represented.

First Jews to arrive in Puerto Rico
According to historians, the first Jews to arrive in Puerto Rico were conversos, Jews who were forced to convert to Catholicism and were members of Christopher Columbus's crew during his second voyage to the so-called "New World", arriving in Puerto Rico on November 19, 1493. Historians believe that Luis de Torres, who spoke Hebrew among other languages and who accompanied Columbus as his interpreter, was the first "converso" Jew to set foot in Puerto Rico. The Jews who arrived and settled in Puerto Rico were referred to as "Crypto-Jews" or "secret Jews".

In 1478, the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, established an ecclesiastical tribunal known as the Spanish Inquisition. It was intended to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms. Hundreds of Jews were killed, and their synagogues destroyed. One of the consequences of these disturbances was the mass forced conversion of Jews.

When the Crypto Jews arrived on the island of Puerto Rico, they were hoping to avoid religious scrutiny, but the Inquisition followed the colonists. The Inquisition maintained no rota or religious court in Puerto Rico. However, heretics were written up and if necessary remanded to regional Inquisitional tribunals in Spain or elsewhere in the Western Hemisphere. As a result, many secret Jews settled the island's remote mountainous interior far from the concentrated centers of power in San Juan and lived quiet lives. They practiced Crypto-Judaism which meant that they secretly practiced Judaism while publicly professing to be Roman Catholic. Still, since Jews were not permitted to worship, the Crypto Jews eventually intermarried with Catholics and therefore, Puerto Rico virtually had no Jewish history of which to speak.

19th century

By the 19th century, the Spanish Crown had lost most of its possessions in the Americas. Two of its remaining possessions were Puerto Rico and Cuba, both of which were demanding more autonomy and had pro-independence movements. The Spanish Crown issued the Royal Decree of Graces (Real Cédula de Gracias) which was originated August 10, 1815, with the intention of attracting European settlers who were not of Spanish origin to the islands.

The Spanish government, believing that the independence movements would lose their popularity, granted land and initially gave settlers "Letters of Domicile". However, those Europeans who were of the Jewish and Protestant faith were excluded from direct acquisition of state land since it was expected of the settlers to swear loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church. The opening of new lands to Catholics resulted in some sales of existing cultivated lands to others. This, however, did not keep people of Jewish descent from settling in Puerto Rico. Among the Puerto Rican Jews who lived in Puerto Rico in the 19th century was Mathias Brugman.

Mathias Brugman (1811–1868) was the son of Pierre Brugman from Curaçao of Dutch-Jewish ancestry and Isabel Duliebre from Puerto Rico. His parents met and married in New Orleans, Louisiana where Brugman was born, raised and educated. The Brugman family moved to Puerto Rico and settled in the City of Mayagüez where Brugman met and married Ana Maria Laborde. He opened a colmado (grocery store) and became rather successful, only to lose a good part of his fortune attempting to grow coffee. Like many other residents of Puerto Rico at the time, he resented the political injustices practiced by Spain on the island. This led him to become a believer in the cause of the Puerto Rican independence movement.

Brugman admired independence advocates Ramón Emeterio Betances and Segundo Ruiz Belvis. Together with his son, Hector, he joined them in a conspiracy to revolt against Spain and formed a revolutionary committee code named: "Capá Prieto" (a tree known as Spanish Elm, Ecuador Laurel, cypre or salmwood and used for its wood to build ships, among other things). On September 23, 1868, Brugman and his son participated in the short-lived revolt against Spanish rule known as El "Grito de Lares" (English: Cry of Lares). Brugman and his son refused to surrender to the Spanish authorities and eventually were executed.

After the failed revolution, the Spanish Courts passed the "Acta de Culto Condicionado" (Conditional Cult Act) in 1870. The law was an attempt to attract more settlers who would be faithful to the Spanish Crown by granting the right of religious freedom to all who wished to worship a religion other than Catholicism. Even so, the first synagogue was not established until after Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain to the United States at the end of the Spanish–American War in 1898. In the late 1800s during the Spanish–American War many Jewish American servicemen gathered together with local Puerto Rican Jews at the Old Telegraph building in Ponce to hold religious services. Rabbi Adolph Spiegel, was among the serviceman who stayed in Puerto Rico.He led services from 1899 to 1905 in Ponce.  Rabbi Spiegel played an instrumental role in the establishment of the first Jewish Synagogue in Ponce.

20th century

1930s
Jewish-American soldiers were assigned to the military bases in Puerto Rico and many choose to stay and live on the island. Large numbers of Jewish immigrants began to arrive in Puerto Rico in the 1930s as refugees from Nazi occupied Europe. The majority settled in the island's capital, San Juan, where in 1942 they established the first Jewish Community Center of Puerto Rico.

1940s
The President of the Puerto Rican Senate, Luis Muñoz Marín together with Governor Rexford Tugwell, the last non-Puerto Rican Governor of Puerto Rico appointed by an American president, helped advance legislation geared towards agricultural reform, economic recovery and industrialization. This program became known as Operation Bootstrap. As a result of the program, many Jews migrated to the city of Ponce located in the southern region of the island and worked in the agricultural industry. Operation Bootstrap also attracted clothing manufacturers from New York and many of the people in the industry who came to the island were Jews.

In 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Aaron Cecil Snyder (1907–1959), born in Baltimore, Maryland as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. Snyder became the first Jew and the last non-Puerto Rican appointed to that court. In 1953, Governor Luis Muñoz Marín appointed him Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico, the first appointment that a Puerto Rican governor made to the court, addressing the nomination to "A. Cecilio Snyder". Snyder actually used the name "Cecilio" when sworn in as Chief Justice. After his departure from the court, Snyder practiced law in San Juan until his death in 1959.

1950s-1960s
In 1952, Puerto Rico achieved U.S. commonwealth status and officially became the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: "Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico"). That same year a handful of American Jews established the island's first synagogue in the former residence of William Korber, a wealthy Puerto Rican of German descent, which was designed and built by Czech architect Antonin Nechodoma. The synagogue, called Sha'are Zedeck, hired its first rabbi in 1954.

After the success of the Cuban Revolution, led by Fidel Castro in 1959, almost all of Cuba's 15,000 Jews went into exile. The majority of them fled to Miami, Florida; however, Puerto Rico also received a large influx of Jewish emigres from Cuba.

Abe Fortas, who was an associate judge for the United States Supreme Court, and the son of Orthodox Jews, was a friend of Luis Muñoz Marin and frequented Puerto Rico often during Roosevelt's, Kennedy's, and Lyndon B. Johnson's administrations. He participated in the drafting of the Constitution of Puerto Rico and gave Luis Muñoz Marin and his administrators legal advice whenever called upon. According to Abe Fortas's  biographer Laura Kalman, "Puerto Rico engaged Fortas. It became the one cause to which he was unconditionally committed."

Establishment of a Jewish community

Puerto Rico is home to the largest and wealthiest Jewish community in the Caribbean with almost 3,000 Jewish inhabitants. Some Puerto Ricans have converted to Judaism, not only as individuals but as entire families. Puerto Rico is the only Caribbean island in which the Conservative, Reform and Orthodox Jewish movements are represented. Sha'are Zedeck, established in 1953, represents Conservative Judaism; Temple Beth Shalom, established in 1967, represents Reform Judaism; and Chabad Center, established in 1997, represents Orthodox Judaism.

The Reform congregation utilizes the English, Spanish, and Hebrew languages in their teachings, the Conservative congregation also uses English, Hebrew and Spanish. On November 30, 2005, the Puerto Rican Jewish community established their first synagogue outside of the Metropolitan San Juan area. The synagogue, which is located in the City of Mayagüez in the island's west coast, is called "Centro Hasidico Puertorriqueno Toiras Jesed". The Sha'are Zedeck, which has been designated by the Puerto Rican government as a National Historic Monument., and Reform congregations are located in San Juan and the Chabad Center is located in Isla Verde, in the city of Carolina. In the 1950s, the Puerto Rican musician Augusto Rodríguez, founder of the Choir of the University of Puerto Rico, founded the Hebrew Festival Chorus of San Juan's Jewish Community.

Jewish influence in Puerto Rican and popular culture
The municipality of Yauco has a street with the word "Judio" (Jewish) in it. It is the “Calle Cuesta de los Judios” which in the English language means "Jewish Slope Street"

Puerto Rican Jews have made many contributions to the Puerto Rican way of life. Their contributions can be found, but are not limited to, the fields of education, commerce and entertainment. Among the many successful businesses which they have established are Supermercados Pueblo (Pueblo Supermarkets) founded by George and Harold Toppel, Almacenes Kress (clothing store), founded by Jorge Artime, Doral Bank, Pitusa and Me Salve, founded by Israel Kopel.

They have also made an impact in Puerto Rico's music industry. In 1970, Raphy Leavitt organized a band with an original sound and style that became one of Puerto Rico's greatest salsa orchestras, "La Selecta".  He selected the band's repertoire from songs with a particular, positive social message and philosophy, and arranged his new band's sound to be as raw and powerful as the typical all-trombone salsa sound in vogue at the time. This genre was made popular by Willie Colón, but La Selecta featured the addition of trumpets to lighten up the sound melodically. Brenda K. Starr is a salsa singer who in 2002 won two Latin Grammy Awards, one for "Best Salsa Album", for "Temptation" and the other in the category "Best Salsa Single" for "Por Ese Hombre". In 2006, the Billboard Latin Music Awards nominated her for a "Best Salsa Single" award for "Tu Eres".

Puerto Rican literature has also been enriched with the works of Quiara Alegría Hudes who wrote the book for Broadway's musical In the Heights. Her play, Elliot, a Soldier's Fugue, was a Pulitzer Prize finalist in 2007.; author (history based fiction writer) the Ethiopian Yosef Alfredo Antonio Ben-Jochannan whose two better known works are "Black Man of the Nile" and "His Family and Africa: Mother of Major Western Religions"; author and poet Aurora Levins Morales with her work "Remedios: Stories of  Earth and Iron from the History of Puertorriqueñas" and Micol Ostow, author of "Emily Goldberg Learns to Salsa"; and author Stephen Earley Jordan II's short story "The Jew of Condado" (2014). In July 2003, members and friends of Temple Beth Shalom published "What's Cooking/ Que se Cocina en Puerto Rico", a Spanish/English cookbook which includes Jewish recipes and Jewish holidays.

Among the notable people with Puerto Rican and Jewish roots are: Geraldo Rivera, David Blaine, Bruno Mars, Benjamin Agosto, Hila Levy, Ian Gomez, Leslie Kritzer, Julio Kaplan, Joaquin Phoenix, and Jenna Wolfe.

The American television sitcom Welcome Back, Kotter, which originally aired on the ABC network from September 9, 1975, to June 8, 1979, had a character named Juan Epstein, played by Robert Hegyes. According to script Epstein was a fiercely proud Puerto Rican Jew. In the 2008 film Nothing Like the Holidays, actor John Leguizamo plays the role of Mauricio Rodriguez, a Puerto Rican whose wife Sarah (played by actress Debra Messing) is of the Jewish faith. In one scene of the film, the family discusses the fact that there are many Jewish Puerto Ricans and that in San Juan there is a large Jewish community.

Resolution 1480
On October 31, 2005, the Senate of Puerto Rico approved Senate Resolution 1480, recognizing the contributions which the Jewish community has made to the way of life of Puerto Rico and the friendship which exists between the peoples of Puerto Rico and Israel.

See also

List of Puerto Ricans
Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico
Chinese immigration to Puerto Rico
Corsican immigration to Puerto Rico
French immigration to Puerto Rico
German immigration to Puerto Rico
Irish immigration to Puerto Rico
Royal Decree of Graces of 1815
Crypto-Judaism
History of the Jews in Latin America
History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean

References

External links
Chabad of Puerto Rico
Synagogues in Puerto Rico

Immigration to Puerto Rico
Social history of Puerto Rico
Jews and Judaism in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Ethnic groups in Puerto Rico


Carver Christian High School (abbreviated to CCHS) was a Christian independent secondary school in Burnaby, British Columbia.

Overview
Carver Christian was established under the partnership of elementary and middle schools Vancouver Christian School and John Knox Christian School.  It is sanctioned by the B.C. Ministry of Education and incorporates a Christian perspective in its curriculum.

Ranking
Carver Christian was ranked 30th out of 253 secondary schools in British Columbia according to the Fraser Institute's 2016-17 rankings, reported in 2018.

References

External links
Carver Christian High School
Vancouver Christian School
John Knox Christian School
Fraser Institute Ranking

High schools in Burnaby
Educational institutions established in 2005
2005 establishments in British Columbia
Educational institutions disestablished in 2018
2018 disestablishments in British Columbia


Murasaki is the main character in The Tale of Genji.

Murasaki may also refer to:

People
 Murasaki Shikibu, author of The Tale of Genji
 Murasaki Yamada, Japanese feminist essayist, manga artist, and poet
 Murasaki Fujima, Japanese actress

Fictional characters
 Lady Murasaki, a character from Tom Harris's Hannibal Rising
 Murasaki Kimidori, a character from the anime and manga series Dr. Slump
 Ninja Murasaki, a member of the Red Ribbon Army in the anime and manga series Dragon Ball
 Murasaki Kuhōin, a character from the light novel, anime and manga series
 Akane Kurashiki, who is nicknamed "Murasaki" in Nine Hours, Nine Persons, Nine Doors

Books
 The Murasaki Shikibu Diary, diary written by Murasaki Shikibu
 Murasaki (novel), a 1992 science fiction novel by several authors, edited by Robert Silverberg

Colours and dyes
  and , names for a number of shades of purple considered to be part of the traditional colors of Japan
, the outerwear color of 1st rank aristocrats in the forbidden colors system of the Japanese Imperial Court from the 10th–11th century until the Meiji period (1867–1911)
 The Japanese word for Lithospermum erythrorhizon (purple gromwell) or the dye or made from its root

Other uses
 Murasaki (crater), a crater on planet Mercury, named after Murasaki Shikibu
 A station on the Nishitetsu Tenjin Ōmuta Line
 Murasaki 312, a fictional space phenomenon in Star Trek: The Original Series.

Japanese feminine given names
Feminine given names


An ADE model is a genetic model for twin studies which includes dominance genetic effects.

A stands for additive genetic effects, D for non-additive genetic (or dominance) effects, and E for nonshared environment effects.

See also
ACE model

References

Twin studies
Quantitative genetics


Alfred Jaëll (5 March 183227 February 1882) was an Austrian pianist. His students included Benjamin Johnson Lang and Samuel Sanford (the eponym of the Sanford Medal).

Life
He was born in Trieste, then in the Austrian Empire. He studied under Carl Czerny and began his public career at the age of 11, appearing at the Teatro San Benedetto, Venice, in 1843. The following year he studied with Ignaz Moscheles in Vienna. In 1845 and 1846 he lived in Brussels, then Paris. According to one source, he was a student of Chopin, and according to another, he was a student of Liszt; however, most sources make no mention of these associations.

Jaëll made a tour of the United States, which was so successful that he stayed for three years, from 1851 to 1854. He made his New York City debut on 15 November 1851, to ecstatic reviews. At his second concert on 22 November, he introduced Adelina Patti to the American public. He also gave recitals with Ole Bull. He was generally acknowledged to be the finest pianist ever to have visited North America up to that time. He took some of Louis Moreau Gottschalk’s works into his repertoire and helped to popularise them. He returned to Europe in 1854. He was made court pianist to the King of Hanover in 1855. He performed in London in 1862 and 1866.

In 1866 he married Marie Trautmann, a French pianist, composer and writer of pedagogical works. They toured together, performing their own works as well as the standard repertoire. He was one of Henryk Wieniawski’s accompanists for his famous performances of Beethoven’s Kreutzer Sonata. He was the soloist in the London premiere of Joachim Raff’s Piano Concerto in 1875.

Alfred Jaëll died suddenly in Paris in 1882, aged only 49, leaving Marie a 35-year-old widow. He left a number of "extremely effective" transcriptions from Wagner, Schumann and Mendelssohn, as well as original compositions, all now forgotten.

Notes

Sources
 Grove’s Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th edition, 1954
 Marie-Laure Ingelaere, Alfred Jaëll, ami de Brahms et de Liszt : un pionnier. In : Marie Jaëll "un cerveau de philosophe et des doigts d'artiste"/Catherine Guichard, Laurent Hurpeau, Marie-Laure Ingelaere, Thérèse Klipffel, Laure Pasteau, Alexandre Sorel, Christiane de Turckheim. Lyon: Symétrie, 2004, pp. 33–53. Biography and career reconstituted according to the musical press in nineteenth-century.

External links

1832 births
1882 deaths
Austrian classical pianists
Male classical pianists
Austrian male composers
Austrian composers
Musicians from Trieste
19th-century composers
19th-century classical pianists
19th-century Italian male musicians


Depala Vas (; , ) is a settlement in the Municipality  of Domžale in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Name
Depala Vas was first mentioned in 1309 under the German name Diepoltsdorf (and in 1539 under the Slovene name ex Depolia vas). The Slovene name Depala vas is derived from the Slavic personal name Depal (probably of German origin, derived from Dietpald or a similar name). The name therefore literally means 'Depal's village' and likely refers to an early inhabitant of the place. In the past the German name was Depelsdorf.

References

External links

Depala Vas on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Domžale


Emba may refer to:

Emba, town in Kazakhstan, see Embi
Emba-5, a Soviet former military installation near Embi, now Zhem, Kazakhstan, a town
The Emba River, in Kazakhstan
Emba (village), a village in Cyprus

The acronym EMBA may refer to:
An Executive Master of Business Administration, see MBA


Eishōsai Chōki (), also known as Momokawa Chōki, was a designer of ukiyo-e style Japanese woodblock prints who was active from about 1786 to 1808.  He, along with Utamaro, was a pupil of Toriyama Sekien (1712–1788).  Chōki is best known for his pictures of beautiful slender women (bijin-ga), often with atmospheric backgrounds.

The artist signed most of his works Chōki (), he also signed some work Eishōsai () or Shikō ().

Life and career

The details of Chōki's life are obscure.  He was likely a student—and possibly an adopted son—of Toriyama Sekien.  Chōki specialized in depicting beautiful women and had a number of art names: works signed Chōki were in the style similar to that of Kiyonaga, and those signed Shikō that of Utamaro.

Chōki lived in the home of publisher Tsutaya Jūzaburō, who published several of Chōki's print series.  Amongst Chōki's more popular series were the Eight Views of Lake Ōmi (Ōmi hakkei) and the Eight Views of the Treasury of Loyal Retainers (Chūshingura hakkei).  He also produced hashira-e pillar prints, kachō-e prints of birds and flowers, and book illustrations.  His last known work is the illustrations for the book Nakoso Gate (Nakoso no seki) by Kanwatei Onitake in 1809.

Gallery

References

Works cited

Further reading

 Hiller, Jack (1960) "Choki: What is a Minor Artist?". In: The Japanese Print: A New Approach, Rutland, Tuttle. 94–101.
 Lane, Richard. (1978).  Images from the Floating World, The Japanese Print. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ; OCLC 5246796
 Newland, Amy Reigle. (2005). Hotei Encyclopedia of Japanese Woodblock Prints.  Amsterdam: Hotei. ; OCLC 61666175
 Roberts, Laurance P. (1976). A Dictionary of Japanese Artists. New York: Weatherhill. ; OCLC 2005932

External links

Ukiyo-e artists
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing


Dobovlje (; sometimes Dobovje) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Domžale in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

History
Dobovlje was administratively separated from Brdo in 1992, when it was made a separate settlement. Additional territory was transferred to the settlement from Brdo in 2004.

References

External links

Dobovlje on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Domžale


The Yonsei Medical Journal is a general medical journal which has been published since 1960 by the Yonsei University, College of Medicine. It is published bimonthly. The journal covers in all areas related to medicine based on clinical or basic research. The editor in chief is In-Hong Choi.

Internet and open access
Since YMJ became the first Korean journal indexed in Index Medicus in 1962, YMJ has been indexed/tracked/covered by MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Citation Index (SCI), BIOSIS Previews, SCOPUS, Embase, Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), KoreaMed, Synapse, KoMCI, CrossRef and Google Scholar. Full text PDF files are available at YMJ Archive.

References

External links

WeCare Medical

General medical journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1960


Chōki or Choki is a Japanese name that may refer to:

, was a prince of the Ryukyu Kingdom
, a martial artist
, Japanese artist
, aka Momokawa Chōki, a designer of ukiyo-e Japanese woodblock prints
, a prince of Ryukyu Kingdom
, a prince of the Ryukyu Kingdom
, a prince of Ryukyu Kingdom
Modern Choki Chokies, a Japanese pop band

Choki may also refer to:

Choki, the kneeling posture
Choki, town in central Ethiopia.

See also

Chiki
Chocky, a 1968 science fiction novel
 Chocky (TV series), a 1984 children's television drama based on the novel

Japanese masculine given names
Masculine given names


The Legend of the Evil Lake () is a 2003 South Korean fantasy/horror film directed by Lee Kwang-hoon. It is a remake of Shin Sang-ok's 1969 film A Thousand Year-Old Fox. The film was not particularly well received and was seen by 101,478 people at Seoul theaters.

Plot
The film opens with the massacre of a primitive tribe by Silla’s first king, Park Hyeokgeose and his technologically advanced army. The Auta tribal chief in death throes vows vengeance against Silla, and their blood and resentment fill the place where the Sacred Tree was standing, and turns into a lake. To seal off the Auta tribe's force of sorcery, he drives his Holy Sword deep into the Sacred Tree.

The narrative resumes nearly one millennium later, circa A.D. 896, as Silla is showing symptoms of strain and the court is beset by constant rebellions. Queen Jinseong (Kim Hye-ri), troubled by the threats to the throne, leans on General Biharang (Jung Joon-ho) against the counsels of her ministers. Biharang strives to save the country, but he is also weary of the endless battles. He, however, spurns the Queen’s romantic attentions in favor of his betrothed Jaunbi (Kim Hyo-jin), the daughter of an executed rebel, with whom he wishes to settle down and lead a quiet, peaceful life.

While Biharang has left for the country’s border to quench the rebels, Jaunbi is chased by assassins who were ordered by the Minister Mun-su to kill her. In panic, Jaunbi removes the Sword from the Sacred Tree thus releasing the soul of Auta tribal chief. But the assassins easily overpower her and try to rape her. Jaunbi somehow slips away from their hands and reaches at the edge of the Evil Lake. She throws herself into the Lake before leaving her necklace there as a sign for Biharang that she is dead.

The spirit of the Auta tribe who are resentful of the Silla kingdom use Jaunbi’s body to take their revenge on Silla. She is transformed into a flying phantasm with superpowers and seeks to lay waste to Seorabeol, capital of Silla. When the moon soaked with a thousand years’ resentment shines its rays upon the dark earth, an age-old revenge begins, and love turns to tragedy.

Cast
 Jung Joon-ho as General Biharang
 Kim Hyo-jin as Jaunbi
 Kim Hye-ri as Queen Jinseong
 Choi Won-seok as Master Myo-hyeon
 Lee Han-gal as Talwi
 Ho San as General Bang Oh-rang
 Kang Shin-il as Minister Mun-su
 Park Dong-bin as Auta
 Jung Joo-hwan
 Jang Hyo-sun
 Kwon Yung-min
 Kang Hyung-joon

Trivia
 In India, the film was released in Hindi-dubbed version with the title Karo Ya Maro: Part 2 - Pratishodh.

References

External links

2003 films
2000s Korean-language films
South Korean fantasy films
Remakes of South Korean films
South Korean horror films
2000s South Korean films


The Confederate Memorial in Nicholasville is a historic statue created in the Jim Crow era and located on the Jessamine County courthouse lawn in Nicholasville, Kentucky, ten miles south of Lexington, Kentucky.

Description

The memorial consists of an  granite pedestal surmounted by a  bronze "Confederate" soldier statue with knapsack and kepi hat. There are inscriptions on all four sides of the pedestal, including a passage from Bivouac of the Dead.

The process for erecting the statue commenced in 1880, when Jefferson Oxley, a veteran of the Confederate Army, started the Jessamine County Memorial Association to fund such a statue. Sixteen years later it had still not been built. The Association was told there was a Union soldier monument which had not been paid for, and could be theirs at a discount.  For $1,500 () the monument was purchased, and the Yankee was "galvanized" into a Confederate soldier.

At the dedication, over 3,500 spectators came to witness the occasion, including 160 from Louisville who came by special train. Among the Louisvillians was Bennett H. Young, a Confederate war criminal and "Lost Cause" advocate who spoke at many such statue dedications. The statue was unveiled by Oxley's son Lawson, as Jefferson Oxley had died.

National Register of Historic Places
On July 17, 1997, the Confederate Memorial in Nicholasville was one of sixty-one different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places, as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission. It is one of three locations commemorating the Civil War in Jessamine County; the other two are Camp Nelson Civil War Heritage Park and Camp Nelson National Cemetery.

Gallery

References

Civil War Monuments of Kentucky MPS
National Register of Historic Places in Jessamine County, Kentucky
Confederate States of America monuments and memorials in Kentucky
Outdoor sculptures in Kentucky
1896 sculptures
Bronze sculptures in Kentucky
Statues in Kentucky
1896 establishments in Kentucky
Sculptures of men in Kentucky
Nicholasville, Kentucky


Maurice Frank Stonefrost  (September 1, 1927 – October 25, 2008) was a British civil servant.  He was most prominent for his involvement with  the Greater London Council (GLC) from 1973 until its dissolution in 1985.

Background

Stonefrost was born in Bristol and attended Merrywood Grammar School.  He did National Service with the RAF from 1948 to 1951. After that he worked for several local authorities, starting in Bristol before moving to Slough in 1954, Coventry in 1956, and West Sussex in 1961.  From 1964 to 1973 he worked as the secretary for the Institute of Municipal Treasurers and Accountants.

Greater London Council

From 1973 to 1977 he worked with the Labour administration under Sir Reg Goodwin to keep London out of the financial problems that plagued New York City.  From 1977 to 1981 he managed the finances for the GLC under the Conservative administration led by Horace Cutler.

He achieved his greatest prominence under the Labour administration that began in 1981 under Ken Livingstone by allowing the city government to pursue its political goals within a feasible budget.  Additionally, he was able to get his officials to manipulate the central government's local financing scheme to obtain £200m of additional financing from other governmental agencies.  He also argued strongly against the dissolution of the GLC because of the resulting "fragmentation and chaos" that would result for the other London governmental agencies and the increased cost of borrowing money for each of those agencies.

After the Greater London Council

After the GLC was dissolved in 1985 he led an investigation into the Liverpool City Council's near bankruptcy and recommended stabilizing its finances by halting hiring, raising rents and tax rates, and reorganizing its debt obligations.  From 1986 to 1990 he was Chief Executive Officer of the British Rail Pension Fund (BRPF).  He was involved with the sale of a collection of fine art owned by the BRPF after fine art prices rose in the 1980s.  Although Labour Party Shadow Arts Minister Mark Fisher objected to the possibility that the collection might leave Britain, Stonefrost maintained the most important outcome was receiving the highest price for the works.

From 1990 to 1993 he was chairman of Municipal Mutual Insurance (MMI).  MMI had been a primary insurer of local governments in Britain but had expanded to also insure cars and homes.  When he joined, MMI had become overexposed to problems relating to school arson attacks and general financial market problems and he engineered a sale to Zurich Insurance in 1993.

References

Local government officers in England
Businesspeople in insurance
English chief executives
Civil servants from Bristol
Greater London Council
1927 births
2008 deaths
People educated at Merrywood Grammar School
20th-century English businesspeople


This is a list of Russian military accidents that befell the Russian Armed Forces after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Accidents have variously been attributed to cutbacks in spending on equipment, the lack of maintenance of hardware, and the theft of parts for sale to criminal gangs due to low pay in the services. For accidents involving the Russian Air Force during the Second Chechen War, see List of Russian aircraft losses in the Second Chechen War.

1990s

1992
7 February - A MiG-29 crashed due to adverse weather conditions on a routine training flight in Dobrinsky District, Lipetsk Oblast. The pilot, Major General Sulom-Bek Oskanov was killed.
May - The first of a series of five ammunition explosions at Pacific Fleet ammunition storage arsenals that lasted until 2003.

1993
24 July – Two Mig-29s of the Russian Air Force collided in mid-air and crashed away from the public during the Royal International Air Tattoo at RAF Fairford, Gloucestershire, England, United Kingdom. No one on the ground sustained any serious injuries, and the two pilots ejected and landed safely.
23 August - Some 40 minutes after takeoff from Engels Air Force Base in Saratov Oblast, an An-12 suffered a partial electrical failure followed by engine failure. While performing an emergency landing, it collided with a tree, causing it to crash and catch fire.

1994
18 January – After takeoff, an Antonov An-22 reported control problems. The aircraft rolled to the right and crashed near Antonovo, Tver Oblast. Three occupants were seriously injured while seven others were killed.
13 July – A An-26 was stolen from Kubinka airbase, Moscow Oblast by an engineer planning to commit suicide. He circled Lyakhovo at 300–2000 feet until the aircraft ran out of fuel and crashed, killing him.
5 August – An Antonov An-12 airplane impacted a hilltop at 140 metres due to poor visibility at Bada, Chita Oblast.
1994 –  Four conscripts in the Pacific Fleet died of a stomach infection due to malnutrition.

1995
22 September – A nuclear submarine had its electricity cut by an electricity company at a naval base due to unpaid bills. The submarine's cooling system ceased to function and the reactor "came close to meltdown".
12 December - 2 Su-27s and a Su-27UB of the Russian Knights flight demonstration team crashed into terrain outside of Cam Ranh, Vietnam, killing four team pilots.

1997
5 December – Russian Air Force Antonov An-124 Ruslan, RA-82005, delivering two Sukhoi Su-27 Flankers to Vietnam, lost power in both port engines at 200 feet (60 m) on take-off from Irkutsk and crashed into a residential area, killing eight crew, 15 passengers, and 45 on the ground (some accounts list higher ground casualties). The cause was thought to be either contaminated or wrong grade fuel.

1998
17 June – A Kamov Ka-50 Hokum crashed at the Army Aviation Combat Training Centre, Torzhok, Tver Oblast, killing Army Major-General Boris Vorobyov.

1999
22 April – A Sukhoi Su-24 MR Fencer disappeared from radar while descending through cloud during a coastal surveillance flight along the Black Sea in Krasnodar Krai. Its wreckage was found ≈9 miles (15 km) from Novorossiysk and 25 miles (40 km) from Anapa. Both crew did not eject and were killed.
13 June –  A prototype of  the Sukhoi Su-30 crashed during a demonstration at the opening of the 43rd Paris Air Show.

2000s

2000
16 June – A fuel leak from a missile poisoned 11 servicemen at a naval base in Primorsky Krai.
12 August – In the Kursk submarine disaster a series of explosions aboard the nuclear-powered submarine K-141 Kursk sinks the submarine killing all 118 people on board.
25 October – A Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-18 crashed near Batumi, Georgia killing all 86 people on board.

2001
27 January – An Antonov An-70 prototype crashed close to Omsk Tsentralny Airport during testing of the aircraft. All 33 passengers and crew on board the aircraft survived.
17 July - A Su-33 crashed during an air show in Pskov Oblast. The pilot, Major-General Timur Apakidze, died in the crash.
1 December – An Ilyushin Il-76TD caught fire and crashed near Novaya Inya, Khabarovsk Krai killing all 18 on board.

2002
21 February – A Russian Navy Antonov An-26, crashed 1.5 km short of the runway at Lakhta Airfield, near Archangelsk, during an emergency landing. Of the 20 people on board, 17 were killed.

2003
30 August – The decommissioned November-class nuclear-powered submarine K-159 sank while it was being towed to Polyarny, Murmansk Oblast in the Barents Sea to be stripped of its nuclear reactors. Nine crew members died.
18 September – A TU-160 strategic bomber crashed in Engels-2 base near Sovetskoye, Saratov oblast. All four crew members were killed.

2005
5 August – AS-28, under the command of Lieutenant Vyacheslav Milashevskiy, became entangled with the aerial of a hydrophone array off the coast of Kamchatka, in Berezovaya Bay, 70 km southeast of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy. The aerial, anchored by 60-tonne concrete blocks, snared the propeller of the submarine, and the submarine then sank to the seafloor at a depth of 190 m (600 ft). This was too deep for the ship's complement of seven to leave the submarine and swim to the surface. On August 7, all seven sailors were rescued with the help of the United States Navy and the Royal Navy
6 September – During maneuvers of the Northern Fleet, in the northern Atlantic, a Su-33 fell in the water during landing on aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov. The pilot was able to catapult himself and survived.
15 September – A Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker of the 6th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, 177th Fighter Regiment, during a flight between St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad, for unknown reasons veered off its course while travelling over neutral waters of the Baltic Sea, entering Lithuanian airspace and crashing in the Jurbarkas region. No one was injured, and pilot Maj. Valery Troyanov ejected safely.

2006
7 September – A fire broke out in the submarine, Daniil Moskovsky, as it was being towed across the Barents Sea to Vidyayevo, Murmansk Oblast. Two on board died.

2008
20 March - A Su-25 exploded in mid-air during a live firing exercise over Primorsky Krai, 143 km from Vladivostok, killing the pilot. Further investigations revealed that the aircraft was downed by a missile accidentally launched by a wingman.
15 July – Seven soldiers died and six were injured in Chechnya after a tank shell they were loading exploded unexpectedly.
8 November – The Akula II-class submarine K-152 Nerpas freon fire extinguishing system was accidentally activated, killing 20 and injuring at least 22 people. The incident occurred while the submarine was conducting sea trials off the Russian Pacific coast.
17 October – A MiG-29 crashed in Chita Oblast causing the fleet to be grounded temporarily.
5 December – A MiG-29 lost part of its tail section due to corrosion and crashed in southern Siberia. The whole fleet was grounded for inspection and 90 planes were found to be in a dangerous condition.

2009
7 January – A small fire broke out on board the aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov while anchored off Turkey. The fire, caused by a short circuit, led to the death of one crew member from carbon monoxide poisoning. On 16 February 2009, along with other Russian naval vessels, she was involved in a large oil spill while refueling off the south coast of Ireland.
15 January – 2 Ilyushin Il-76MDs collided in Dagestan after one of them tried to make a landing with low visibility. 11 were killed and one plane was damaged beyond repair while the other suffered substantial damage.
11 February - An Antonov An-2 airplane suffered a loss in engine power while climbing through an altitude of about 50-70 metres. The pilot had to carry out a forced landing in a wooded area because he could not reach the airport at Pskov. All three crew members and ten paratroopers on board survived.
March – A fire broke out on the hull of the decommissioned nuclear submarine Orenburg, a Delta III-class submarine while at the Severodvinsk docks in Arkhangelsk Oblast.
26 April – The fourth Su-35BM prototype was destroyed in a high-speed taxi run due to brake failure. The aircraft crashed into the barrier at the end of the runway at Dzyomgi Airport, Khabarovsk Krai and was destroyed. The pilot ejected and sustained burns.
4 May – A Kamov Ka-27 Helicopter landing on the frigate Yaroslav Mudry, crashed on the deck and then rolled over the side into the Baltic Sea. The 5 helicopter crew were successfully rescued.
17 June – A Sukhoi Su-24MR Fencer crashed on landing at the Monchegorsk Air Base, Murmansk Oblast. The aircraft from the 98th Separate Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment suffered a heavy landing forcing the 2 crew to eject safely
19 June – A Sukhoi Su-24MR Fencer from the 1st Composite Air Division, North Caucasus Military District crashed near the village of Kostino-Bystrianská, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast after suffering a mechanical fault that forced the 2 crew to eject safely after several aborted landings.
16 August – Two Russian Knights air display Sukhoi Su-27 jets collided during training near Zhukovsky Airfield, outside of Moscow, killing one pilot, Igor Tkachenko, and injuring 5 civilians on the ground.
October – Another blaze occurred during the decommissioning of the nuclear submarine, Kazan at Severodvinsk.
1 November – An Ilyushin Il-76 belonging to the Russian Ministry of Interior crashed shortly after takeoff in Sakha Republic. The 11 crewmembers died.
6 November – A Russian Naval Aviation Tupolev Tu-142 M3 from the 310th Independent Long Range Anti-Submarine Aviation Regiment based at Kamenny Ruchey Airbase, Khabarovsk Krai crashed on a routine training exercise into the Tatar Strait near Sakhalin island 15–20 km from the coast off Cape Datta north of Sovetskaya Gavan with the loss of all 11 crew.
14 November – Explosion on the outskirts of Ulyanovsk at Arsenal 31, a navy depot. Two firemen died during the decommissioning of munitions.
23 November – Second explosion at Arsenal 31. Eight soldiers died as they removed munitions.

2010s

2010

 14 January – A Sukhoi Su-27 crashed near Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Krai. Pilot killed.
February – A blaze broke out on the decommissioned nuclear submarine K-480 Ak Bars, at Severodvinsk. Casualties unknown.

2011

26 May – Explosion in an arms depot in the village of Urman in Bashkortostan. 12 people were injured and 40 buildings damaged. Over 2,000 people were evacuated from the surrounding area. The cause was blamed by an official on the "combustion of gunpowder traces".
2 June – Explosion in an arms depot near Izhevsk, Udmurtia. 20,000 inhabitants of the surrounding area had to be evacuated. 95 people were injured in the blast, and two elderly people nearby died of heart attacks possibly caused by the sound of the blast. Windows were shattered up to 10 km away. A discarded cigarette was initially blamed for the blast.
6 September – A MiG-31 on a training mission crashed in Perm Krai, killing the two pilots.
29 December – The Delta-IV-class nuclear submarine, Ekaterinburg, caught fire while in dry-dock in the Roslyakovo shipyard, north of Murmansk. The blaze broke out on scaffolding that had been erected around it. The rubber outer hull was badly burnt and nine people were injured fighting the fire. No radiation leak was detected.

2012

13 March – A new Ka-52 attack helicopter crashed near Torzhok, Tver Oblast, killing both pilots.
2 May – Explosion at a military training centre near Nizhny Novgorod killed six soldiers.
23 May – A Russian An-30 military plane crashed while landing in Čáslav, Czech Republic. 23 were on board at the time, six of whom suffered burns, with one being left in a critical condition. The plane's front landing gear collapsed as it touched down, causing it to leave the runway and break in two, catching fire. The passengers were made up of 14 Russians and nine Czechs, all on an Open Sky treaty mission, for conducting surveillance flights over the territory of participant nations (NATO members, Russia and other countries).
6 September – A Mikoyan MiG-29 crashed into a hill near Chita in the Siberian Military District killing the pilot.
8 September – A Mil Mi-35 crashed into a mountain in bad weather in the Republic of Dagestan, all four on board killed.
26 September – Explosion at an arms depot 180 km northwest of Orenburg killed one officer.
30 October - A Su-24M crashed in Chelyabinsk Oblast. During the flight the nose cone fractured. After attempting an emergency landing, the crew of two flew to open territory and safely ejected.
October – 4,000 tons of munitions at an arms depot in Orenburg Oblast exploded after a soldier failed to extinguish his cigarette. One officer was injured and inhabitants of the surrounding area had to be evacuated.

2013

12 March – A United Nations Mil Mi-8 with a crew of four Russians crashed near Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, all crew members were killed.
16 March – A Russian Federal Border Guard Service Mil Mi-8MN crashed at Khankala Air Base in Chechnya in low visibility, three of the four crew killed.
18–19 June – Explosion at the Chapaevsk arms depot in Samara Oblast. 6,000 inhabitants of the surrounding area had to be evacuated. 30 people were injured in the blast caused by the "involuntary" explosion of shells.
 16 September – 15 sailors were injured after a fire broke out on the nuclear submarine K-150 Tomsk at a shipyard near Vladivostok. Officials claimed the nuclear reactor was "deactivated" prior to the fire.
23 September – A Sukhoi Su-25 crashed during a training mission in Krasnodar Krai, pilot ejected but was killed.
22 October – Explosion at a firing range near Strugi Krasnye, Pskov Oblast, killed six soldiers – 5 cadets from the Ryazan Higher Airforce Institute, and one sergeant from Pskov. Two others were injured. It is thought that one of them stepped on unexploded ordnance.
29 October – A Ka-52 helicopter crashed south-east of Moscow. Both pilots ejected safely.

2014
11 February – A Su-24 bomber crashed in Volgograd Oblast just after take-off. Both pilots died. Pilot or mechanical error were suspected.
14 July – A Sukhoi Su-57 prototype aircraft suffered an in-flight emergency and was severely damaged by an engine fire after landing at Zhukovsky airbase outside Moscow. The pilot managed to escape unharmed.

2015
7 April – Orel, an Oscar II-class submarine, caught fire during repairs in a dry dock in the Severodvinsk shipyard. No casualties have been reported and the nuclear reactor had been turned off before the fire started. The submarine entered service in 1992.
4 June – A MiG-29 fighter crashed and was completely destroyed in Astrakhan Oblast. Both pilots parachuted to safety.
4 June – An unarmed Su-34 bomber in Voronezh Oblast overshot the runway after its parachute failed to open on landing. It overturned, severely damaging the plane.
8 June – A Tupolev Tu-95 ran off a runway at Ukrainka Air Base, Amur Oblast and caught fire during take-off. One crew member was killed and another badly burned.
3 July - A MiG-29 Fulcrum multirole jet fighter crashed in Krasnodar Krai. The pilot managed to catapult before the crash and was found later by a search team. Technical failure and pilot error were considered as possible reasons of the crash.
5 July – A MiG-29 crashed in Krasnodar Krai reportedly due to a fire on board. The pilot ejected and survived.
6 July – A Sukhoi Su-24M Fencer frontal strike-bomber crashed in Khabarovsk Krai soon after takeoff. Both pilots died.
13 July – A recently-renovated barracks collapsed at a training facility for paratroopers in Svetlyy, near Omsk. 23 soldiers died and 22 sustained injuries.
14 July – A Tupolev Tu-95MS Bear strategic bomber crashed during a training flight 80 km from Khabarovsk, killing two of seven pilots.

2016
29 April – The decommissioned Soviet-era  nuclear submarine K-173 Krasnoyarsk caught fire while being disassembled in Vilyuchinsk, Kamchatka. The Defence Ministry reported that its rubber-coated outer hull caught fire. The vessel had been built in 1983 and launched in 1986 as part of the Soviet Union’s Pacific Fleet.
19 May – Six soldiers died and 16 were injured after their bus suffered a probable brake failure and left a mountain road in South Ossetia.
9 June – A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter plane crashed 30 km from Moscow, killing the pilot.
1 July - An Ilyushin Il-76 firefighting aircraft was destroyed after impacting wooded terrain 9 km east-southeast from the settlement of Rybnyi Uyan in Irkutsk Oblast. 8 crewmembers and 2 passengers were killed.
14 August - A Beriev Be-200ES amphibious jet aircraft sustained damage after hitting treetops while fighting a forest fire near São Pedro do Sul, Portugal. The aircraft sustained damage to the leading edges of both wings, with the right hand wing flaps sustaining dents and cuts and the right hand wing float suffering a large hole. No fatalities were recorded.
14 November – A MiG-29K crashed in the Mediterranean while attempting to land on the aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov. The pilot safely ejected. The plane was on a training mission for the Russian military intervention in Syria.
3 December -  A Su-33 based on Admiral Kuznetsov crashed while making a second landing attempt after a combat sortie over Syria. The pilot survived without injuries and was immediately recovered by search and rescue teams.[35] According to the Russian Ministry of Defence, the plane was lost after an arresting cable ruptured.
19 December – An Il-18 transport plane belonging to the Russian Defence Ministry crashed in high winds near Tiksi in the Sakha Republic. All on board survived. 38 were taken to hospital, with four in a critical condition.
25 December – A Tupolev Tu-154 jetliner owned by the Russian Defense Ministry crashed 1.5 km off the coast of Sochi while en route to Khmeimim Air Base in Syria. The aircraft had flown from Chkalovsky Airport, Moscow Oblast and had landed at Sochi to refuel. All 92 passengers and crew aboard died, including Valery Khalilov, artistic director of the Alexandrov Ensemble, and 63 other members of the military choir.

2017
26 April – A MiG-31 from the Far Eastern Military District crashed during a training flight near the Telemba proving ground in the Republic of Buryatia. Both crew members reportedly ejected safely.
27 April – Russian spy ship Liman sank off the Turkish coast, 29 km from Kilyos, after colliding with a freighter in fog. All 78 crew members were rescued.
30 May – An Antonov AN-26 transport crashed at the end of a training flight at the Balashov airbase in Saratov Oblast and caught fire. One crew member died and four were injured. Engine failure was suspected.
10 August – An S-200 Angara anti-aircraft missile exploded at a recycling centre in Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai, having been stolen from a military base and sold for scrap. Two were killed and one person was injured as it was being dismantled. A second missile was also discovered awaiting recycling.
14 September –  A Tupolev Tu-22M, of the 326th Heavy Bomber Division overran the runway at Shaykovka, Kaluga Oblast, and was damaged beyond repair. No deaths were reported.
28 September – A Tu-22M3 "Backfire" bomber was badly damaged after aborting takeoff following a speed sensor failure while participating in the Zapad ("West") military exercises. It ran off the runway, losing a wing, in Shaykovka, Kaluga Oblast. No injuries were reported among the four-man crew.
10 October – A Sukhoi Su-24M crashed during takeoff at Khmeimim Air Base, Latakia province, Syria supposedly due to a technical malfunction. Both crew members failed to eject and died.

2018
6 March – An An-26 transport plane crashed while landing at Hmeimim airbase in Syria. All 39 military personnel on board died. Initial information suggested a technical problem caused the crash.
17 September – An Ilyushin Il-20 reconnaissance plane was shot down by friendly Syrian forces about 22 miles from the Syrian coast as the Il-20 returned to Hmeimim airbase. 15 Russians died.
30 October – The aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov was damaged while undergoing a refit: the dry dock sank, sending a 70-tonne crane crashing onto the ship and causing a 5-meter gash. One shipworker went missing and four required medical care after falling into the sea near Murmansk.

2019
22 January – A Tu-22M3 bomber crashed as it was approaching to land at Olenya air base, Murmansk Oblast. Russia’s Defense Ministry reported that three crewmembers died and one pilot was injured.
1 July – A navy research submersible, thought to be AS-12 Losharik, suffered a fire and 14 crew members died due to fume inhalation. The vessel had been conducting research in Russia's Arctic territorial waters, according to the Defence Ministry, though Russian media reports said it was a nuclear mini-submarine deployed in special operations.
5 August – A military depot exploded near Achinsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai killing one and injuring at least eight others, and prompting the evacuation of thousands. Russia's Defense Ministry said a fire triggered the explosions at a storage facility for gunpowder charges. Authorities declared a state of emergency in the region. Air traffic was suspended within  of the munitions site.
 8 August – Five military and civilian specialists were killed and three were injured in an explosion at a naval test facility in Arkhangelsk Oblast while testing a liquid jet engine, said to be for the nuclear-powered Burevestnik cruise missile. Earlier the same day there were reports of a fire and explosions at a military facility near Nyonoksa in the same region. The facility has a navy missile test range used to test intercontinental ballistic missiles, cruise missiles and anti-aircraft missiles. The administration in nearby Severodvinsk reported elevated radiation levels for 40 minutes leading to a rush on medical iodine. However, Russia's defence ministry insisted no harmful chemicals had been released.
9 August – Shells again exploded at the Achinsk military depot that saw explosions 4 days prior. Nine were injured. This time the explosions were blamed on a lightning strike.
11 December – An Mi-28 attack helicopter crashed in Krasnodar Krai killing two crew members.
12 December – The aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, caught fire during repair work at Murmansk. Six were injured and one person was reported missing.
17 December – A Tupolev Tu-22M3 long-range bomber suffered a failed engine and sustained damage during an emergency "belly landing" near the Chkalov State Flight Testing Centre in Astrakhan Oblast. Neither of the two-man crew was injured and the nuclear-capable bomber was unarmed.
24 December – A Sukhoi Su-57, the first serial aircraft, crashed near Dzyomgi Airport, Khabarovsk Krai, during the final stage of its factory trials due to malfunction of the control system. The pilot ejected and was recovered by helicopter.

2020s

2020
19 February – A Sukhoi Su-25UB caught fire and burned out at Lipetsk-2 Air Base. Both crew survived.
25 March – A Sukhoi Su-27 crashed into the Black Sea off Belbek, Russian-occupied Crimea, killing the pilot.
25 March – An Aero L-39 Albatros crashed in Krasnodar Krai, killing the pilot.
19 May – An Mil Mi-8 helicopter crash-landed in an uninhabited area near Klin, Moscow Oblast, killing all crew members. The incident was believed to have been caused by a technical malfunction.
 22 September – A Sukhoi Su-30 fighter jet was probably accidentally shot down by a Su-35 fighter jet during exercises near a village in Tver Oblast. The two pilots ejected before the plane crashed and were reported to be in a "stable condition".
7 October – A depot with 75,000 tonnes of munitions caught fire, injuring 5 people and causing 2,000 people from nearby villages to be evacuated in Ryazan Oblast, after a wildfire set off explosions. More than 400 firefighters battled the blaze.

2021
23 March – Three crewmembers died after a Tu-22M strategic bomber’s ejection system suddenly went off at an airfield near Kaluga. Due to the insufficient altitude for parachute opening, the victims received fatal injuries upon landing.
19 June – A L-410 aircraft belonging to DOSAAF that took off from Tanai airfield crashed into a forest in Kemerovo Oblast. 7 people died and another 17 were injured
31 July – A SU-35 crashed due to an engine failure in Khabarovsk Krai. The pilot ejected safely.
14 August – A Beriev Be-200 crashed near Kahramanmaraş, Turkey while on a firefighting mission. The 5 Russian military crew members and 3 Turkish forest inspectors were killed in the incident.
17 August – The only flying prototype Il-112V suffered a fire in the right engine and crashed near Kubinka Air base. All 3 crew on board were killed, including test-pilot Nikolai Kuimov, who was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
18 August – A MIG-29 crashed in Astrakhan Oblast during a routine flight, killing the pilot.
23 August – A MIG-29 caught fire and completely burned during maintenance work in Astrakhan Oblast.
27 August – A SU-24 crashed in Perm. The 2 pilots ejected and only suffered minor injures
7 September – Emergencies Minister Yevgeny Zinichev died "in the course of an interdepartmental exercise" near Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai while trying to save a cameraman, who fell off a cliff into water and also died.
22 September – An AN-26 crashed during a technical flight in Khabarovsk Krai. All 6 persons onboard died.
10 October – A L-410 crashed in Tatarstan, killing 16 people and injuring six. The plane belonged to DOSAAF

2022
25 January - While undergoing welding work in a Saint Petersburg shipyard the Kashtan-class salvage ship SS-750 developed smoke in its battery charging room. Firefighters of the shipyard responded and the potential fire was extinguished with no material damages.
29 January – A MIG-31 crashed and split in half in Novgorod Oblast. The 2 pilots ejected safely
8 April - A MIG-31 crashed in Leningrad Oblast. The pilots managed to eject.
14 April – The cruiser Moskva sank in the Black Sea during hostilities with Ukraine following a fire, as claimed by Russian authorities. Ukraine claimed it sank the ship with a missile. Officially Russia admitted one sailor died, but independent reports suggested 40 may have perished.
22 April – Seven people died after a fire at a key aerospace defence research institute in Tver. Authorities said 25 people were also injured and 10 people were missing.
22 June – Four people died in an explosion at an ammunition depot in Vladimir Oblast after an object “spontaneously detonated during a loading and unloading operation”. Three of the victims were soldiers and one was a civilian specialist.
24 June – Five people died and four people were wounded after a Il-76 hit power lines and crashed near Ryazan.
1 October – A MIG-31BM interceptor aircraft crashed during takeoff from Belbek Air Base in Crimea. While the navigator/weapons system officer ejected successfully, the pilot died and the aircraft burned out.
17 October – 13 people died in Yeysk, Krasnodar Krai after a Su-34 fighter jet crashed into an apartment building. It was on a training flight when an engine reportedly caught fire. The two crew members bailed out safely. 19 residents were injured.
23 October – Two pilots were killed after a Sukhoi Su-30 fighter jet crashed into a house in Irkutsk during a test flight. No casualties were reported on the ground.
28 October – Svetlana Babayeva, the bureau chief of the Rossiya Segodnya media group in Simferopol, Russian-occupied Crimea, was killed by a stray bullet while covering shooting practice at a military training ground in Crimea.
2 December – A MIG-31 interceptor aircraft crashed in Primorsky Krai during a training flight, the crew ejected safely
22 December – The Admiral Kuznetsov caught fire again while on repair work in Murmansk. The fire was extinguished rapidly and no casualties were reported

2023
 1 January - A Mil Mi-8 belonging to the Special Flight Detachment ‘Rossiya’ crashed in Moscow’s Vnukovo International Airport. According to reports, the helicopter’s tail rotor blades appeared to have been sheared off. No casualties were reported.
23 February - An Su-25 crashed in Belgorod Oblast following a "technical malfunction", killing its pilot.
7 March - A Mil Mi-8 belonging to the motorcade of Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of Russia Dmitri Medvedev, had its tail rotor torn off after it hit a road sign while landing at the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Station in Sverdlovsk Oblast.
 20 April – A Su-34 accidentally discharged its ordnance over Belgorod, injuring two civilians, damaging buildings and vehicules, and leaving a huge crater about 20 metres (60 ft) wide in the city centre.
26 April – A MIG-31 crashed in Murmansk Oblast after catching fire. The pilots ejected safely and did not require hospitalization.
12 May – An Mi-28 crashed in the Dzhankoi district of Russian-occupied Crimea during a training flight, killing both pilots. The Russian Defence Ministry suspected equipment failure for the cause.
13 May – Two Mi-8s, an Su-34 and an Su-35, crashed in Bryansk Oblast, on their way to a bombing run in Ukraine with no survivors among the nine personnel on board. The Russian government attributed the loss of one helicopter near Klintsy to engine fire while refusing to explain the other crashes. Other sources attributed Ukrainian forces for shooting down the aircraft.
4 July - A MIG-31 crashed into Avacha Bay on the southeastern coast of Kamchatka during a training mission.
17 July - An Su-25 crashed into the Sea of Azov off the coast of Yeysk, Krasnodar Krai, after suffering "engine failure" shortly after taking off for a training flight, killing its pilot.
12 August - An Su-30 crashed in a deserted area of Kaliningrad Oblast during a training mission, killing the two pilots on board. Authorities blamed the likely cause on a technical malfunction.
14 August - An Aero L-39 Albatros crashed while landing on an airfield in Krasnodar Krai during a training mission, killing the pilot.
29 August - An Mi-8 belonging to the FSB crashed due to a suspected technical malfunction in a forest near Prudny, Chelyabinsk Oblast, killing all three people on board.
12 September - An Su-24 crashed in a deserted area of Volgograd Oblast while flying on a training mission, the pilots survived according to Russian state news agencies.
20 September - An Su-34 crashed in Voronezh Oblast while flying on a training mission, the two pilots survived.
20 October - A Russian Air Force Il-76 transport aircraft suffered a runway excursion during takeoff from Hisar Air Base near Dushanbe, Tajikistan. A fire erupted after the aircraft veered off the runway, the fire destroyed the plane. No injuries were reported.

See also
 Nuclear navy for a list of nuclear accidents including Soviet vessels
 The Severomorsk Disaster in 1984
 Dedovshchina – bullying in the Russian army.
 Komsomolets Nuclear Submarine Memorial Society
 List of Chinese military accidents
 List of Russian aircraft losses in the Second Chechen War

References

Non-combat military accidents
Military Accidents
Accidents
Accidents


Collaborative engineering is defined by the International Journal of Collaborative Engineering as a discipline that "studies the interactive process of engineering collaboration, whereby multiple interested stakeholders resolve conflicts, bargain for individual or collective advantages, agree upon courses of action, and/or attempt to craft joint outcomes which serve their mutual interests."

Collaborative engineering is quickly becoming a topic of great interest in recent years due to the explosion of internet technologies. This upsurge is partially due to the success of projects such as Wikipedia and Linux that have proven the efficacy of internet collaboration.

References

K. Daniel: Collaborative Engineering, Vdm Verlag Dr. Müller, , 2007

Engineering disciplines


is a former Japanese football player.

Playing career
Kobayashi was born in Tokai, Ibaraki on June 20, 1979. After graduating from Komazawa University, he joined J1 League club JEF United Ichihara in 2002. However he could not play at all in the match. In August 2003, he moved to J2 League club Montedio Yamagata. He became a regular player as center back in October. In 2004, he played all 43 matches except 1 match for suspension as center back with Leonardo. However his opportunity to play decreased behind Shogo Kobara. In 2006, he moved to J2 club Vissel Kobe. Although Vissel was promoted to J1 end of 2006 season, he could not play many matches. In 2008, he became a regular center back. However his opportunity to play decreased from 2009. In 2011, he moved to Ventforet Kofu. In 2012, he moved to Sagan Tosu. Although he played many matches as center back in 2012, his opportunity to play decreased year by year from 2013. He retired end of 2016 season.

Club statistics

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Komazawa University alumni
Association football people from Ibaraki Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
JEF United Chiba players
Montedio Yamagata players
Vissel Kobe players
Ventforet Kofu players
Sagan Tosu players
Men's association football defenders


Amitava Bhattacharjee may refer to:

 Amitava Bhattacharjee (physicist), theoretical plasma physicist
 Amitabh Bhattacharjee (born 1973), Indian actor
 Amitabh Bhattacharya (born 1976), Indian lyricist and playback singer

See also
 Bhattacharya (surname)


is a Japanese football player.

Playing career
Kitamoto was born in Nara on September 18, 1981. After graduating from high school, he joined J1 League club Vissel Kobe in 2000. He debuted in 2001 and became a regular player as center back in 2002. Although Vissel played in J2 League in 2006 season, played in J1 for a long time. He also played many matches as regular player for a long time. However Vissel was relegated to J2 again end of 2012 season. Although the club was promoted to J1 in a year, his opportunity to play decreased from 2013 season. After 19 years at Vissel Kobe, Kitamoto left the club after the 2018 season.

Club statistics

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
Association football people from Nara Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Vissel Kobe players
Men's association football defenders
Sportspeople from Nara, Nara


is a Japanese football player who plays for Omiya Ardija.

Club statistics
Updated to 23 February 2018.

References

External links

Profile at Omiya Ardija

1985 births
Living people
Association football people from Kyoto Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Vissel Kobe players
Omiya Ardija players
Men's association football defenders


Češnjevek (; ) is a village in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

The local church is dedicated to the Holy Spirit.

References

External links

Češnjevek on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem


Edward J. Jeffries Jr. (April 3, 1900 – April 2, 1950) was an American politician, councilman, and mayor of Detroit.

Early life
Edward Jeffries was born in Detroit, Michigan, on April 3, 1900, the son of Judge Edward J. Jeffries and Minnie Stott Jeffries. The elder Jeffries was an alderman, a police justice, and a long-serving judge on the Recorder's Court. He had run unsuccessfully for mayor multiple times, seeing himself as a representative of the underclass, and instilled in the younger Jeffries a sense of civic responsibility.

The younger Jeffries attended the Detroit Public Schools and the University of Michigan, receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Michigan in 1920 and a law degree from the University of Michigan Law School in 1923. He then continued his education at Lincoln's Inn in London in 1923 and 1924, studying Roman and British common law. After his tour in Europe, Jeffries returned to Detroit to take up law practice. In 1929, he became general counsel for Royal Maccabees Insurance, a position he held until his death in 1950. In 1930, Jeffries married Florence O. Bell.

Politics
Jeffries ran for Detroit City Council in 1932, and served on that body for four terms, from 1932 until 1940, serving the last two as City Council president. While serving on the council, Jeffries came under the influence of long-time councilman John C. Lodge. Jeffries was already more moderate in stance than his radical father, eager to work within the existing power structure, and Lodge, who shared a similar outlook, was a natural ally.

In 1939, Jeffries ran for mayor of Detroit against Richard Reading as an economically conservative, socially responsible reformer. Reading, enmeshed in an enormous corruption scandal that eventually sent him to jail, lost the election by more than two-to-one. He ran for election as mayor four more times, winning the next three to serve as mayor from 1940 to 1948. Jeffries bid for a fifth term was unsuccessful because of his unpopularity in the wake of the 1943 race riot, and he lost to councilman Eugene Van Antwerp. Jeffries was elected once more to serve on the City Council, beginning in 1950, but died in office.

Edward Jeffries suffered a heart attack on March 18, 1950, while on vacation in Miami Beach, Florida. He died shortly thereafter on April 2, 1950, a day short of his 50th birthday. The section of I-96 in Livonia and Detroit is named in Jeffries' honor.

References

External links

1900 births
1950 deaths
Mayors of Detroit
Detroit City Council members
University of Michigan Law School alumni
Michigan lawyers
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American politicians


is a former Japanese football player and manager.

Playing career
Kurihara was born in Ota, Tokyo on May 20, 1973. After graduating from Komazawa University, he joined the J1 League club Verdy Kawasaki in 1996. He played as a forward during his first season. The club won the championship in the 1996 Emperor's Cup and he scored a goal in the Final. However he did not play much after that and moved to Bellmare Hiratsuka (later Shonan Bellmare) on loan in 1998. At Bellmare, he played often. In 1999, he returned to Verdy and played in many matches. In 2000, he moved to Sanfrecce Hiroshima. In 2001, he moved to the J2 League Shonan Bellmare again and played as a regular player over two seasons. In 2003, he moved to the J2 club Albirex Niigata. At Albirex, he was converted to an offensive midfielder and played as a substitute. The club won the championship in 2003 and was promoted to J1 in 2004. In 2005, he moved to Vissel Kobe. In 2005, he played as a substitute midfielder and the club was relegated to J2 in 2006. He then became a regular player and the club was returned to J1 in a year. In 2009, he moved to the newly promoted J2 League club, Tochigi SC. He retired at the end of the 2009 season.

Coaching career
After retirement, Kurihara started coaching career at Vissel Kobe in 2010. In 2014, he moved to newly was promoted to J3 League club, Fukushima United FC and became a manager. He managed the club in 3 season until 2016.

Club statistics

Managerial statistics

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Komazawa University alumni
Association football people from Tokyo
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Tokyo Verdy players
Shonan Bellmare players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Albirex Niigata players
Vissel Kobe players
Tochigi SC players
Japanese football managers
J3 League managers
Fukushima United FC managers
Men's association football midfielders


Patrick Mooney (12 November 1903 – 30 October 1989) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Monaghan constituency at the 1954 general election. He was re-elected at the 1957, 1961 and 1965 general elections but lost his seat at the 1969 general election.

He stood as an Independent politician candidate for Monaghan at the 1973 general election. He was the Aontacht Éireann candidate in the 1973 Monaghan by-election.

References

1903 births
1989 deaths
Fianna Fáil TDs
Members of the 15th Dáil
Members of the 16th Dáil
Members of the 17th Dáil
Members of the 18th Dáil
Politicians from County Monaghan
Aontacht Éireann candidates in Dáil elections
Independent candidates in Dáil elections


The West Terrace Cemetery is South Australia's oldest cemetery, first appearing on Colonel William Light's 1837 plan of Adelaide.  The  site is located in Park 23 of the Adelaide Park Lands just south-west of the Adelaide city centre, between West Terrace, Anzac Highway, Sir Donald Bradman Drive and the Seaford and Belair railway lines. Originally known as the Adelaide Public Cemetery, it is divided into a number of sections for various communities and faiths, including two Catholic areas, as well as Jewish, Afghan, Islamic and Quaker sections.

History
The Adelaide Park Lands were laid out by Colonel William Light in his design for the city. Originally, Light reserved 2,300 acres for a park, and a further  for a public cemetery.

Throughout much of its early history the West Terrace Cemetery was plagued with controversy and mismanagement. It was the subject of much public and religious debate and was many times under threat of closure. As early as the 1880s the size of the cemetery was considered insufficient to keep up with demand.

In 1843 the establishment of a Jewish burial area began the distinctive denominational division of the cemetery. In 1845 a Catholic cemetery was established on land adjacent the main public cemetery and in 1849 a third of the public cemetery was given over to the Church of England.

The Smyth Chapel was built in 1871 as a memorial to the Very Reverend Dr John Smyth, Vicar General, who lies buried in the crypt beneath the chapel. It was designed by E. J. Woods in the latter part of 1870 as a result of a competition conducted by the Smyth Memorial Fund and built by Peters and Jones for approximately 472 pounds.

Situated within the Catholic area, the foundation stone was laid on 18 December 1870 by the venerable Archdeacon Russell, Vicar General, and was officially opened and formally consecrated on 22 October 1871.

In 1902, the first crematorium in the southern hemisphere was built and began operating in 1903.  For the next 20 years, this was the only crematorium in Australia. A number of famous and important South Australians have been buried in the cemetery and since 2002, the site has been administered by the Adelaide Cemeteries Authority, which also controls a number of other cemeteries within the metropolitan area.

War graves

AIF Cemetery
With concerns from various patriotic associations about soldiers from the First World War without relatives being buried in unmarked graves in the cemetery, a deputation to the Minister of Public Works in February 1920 sought a "Soldiers Lot" not only for these soldiers but also those whose families wished to bury their "soldier loved ones" there. The minister set aside a half an acre of the Light Oval for this purpose, with a monument to be erected by public subscription and soldiers in unmarked graves to be re-interred there. The first burial was in March 1920 but with slow progress of public fund raising the area was not dedicated until Sunday 10 December 1922.

There are buried (at June 2014) 275 Commonwealth service personnel from both World Wars in West Terrace Cemetery whose graves are registered by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

Notable interments or cremations

 William and Ann Margaret Bickford, manufacturing chemists
 Arthur Seaforth Blackburn, military officer and Victoria Cross recipient from the First World War
 Abraham Tobias Boas, long serving Rabbi of Adelaide's Jewish congregation
 James Bonnin, London property developer
 Poltpalingada Booboorowie (Tommy Walker), a Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal and popular Adelaide personality in the 1890s
 Charles Campbell, early settler, pastoralist and founder of Campbelltown
 Charles Chewings, geologist and anthropologist
 Sir Dominick Daly, 7th Governor of South Australia
 Phillip Davey, Victoria Cross recipient from the First World War
 J. Matthew Ennis, academic organist and pianist
 Boyle Travers Finniss, settler, soldier, surveyor and the first Premier of South Australia
 Thomas Gilbert, early pioneer and the colony's first Post Master General
 Percy Grainger, international musician and composer
 Charles Beaumont Howard, South Australia's first colonial chaplain
 Reginald Roy Inwood, Victoria Cross recipient from the First World War
 Jorgen Christian Jensen, Danish-born Victoria Cross recipient from the First World War
 Charles Kingston, a Premier of South Australia and a founding member of Australian Federation
 Carl Linger, musician and composer of Song of Australia
 Philip Levi, early settler and pastoralist
 John McPherson, first leader of the South Australian division of the Australian Labor Party
 Frederick Metters, founder of oven and stove manufacturing business that became Metters Limited
 Sir John Morphett (along with other members of his family), early settler, pastoralist and businessman
 Arthur Edward Rossiter, founder of footwear manufacturer, Rossi Boots
 Richard Gilbert Symonds, Surveyor for Colonel Light
 Augusta Zadow, female suffragette and early trade unionist
 The unknown identity known as The Somerton Man

References

External links

 Official West Terrace Cemetery site
 Burial records of West Terrace Cemetery
 Information and photos of historic graves
 West Terrace Cemetery – Billion Graves

1837 establishments in Australia
Cemeteries in South Australia
Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries in Australia
South Australian Heritage Register
Adelaide Park Lands


The Ilium Building is a building located at the northeast corner of Fulton Street and Fourth Street in Troy, New York, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1970, and since 1986 has also been a contributing property to the Central Troy Historic District. Its street address is 400 Fulton Street.

The Ilium Building is designed in the Beaux-Arts style, and is described as handsome. The building is five stories high and was one of Troy's first tall buildings, featuring one of the oldest elevators in the city. The building's exterior features detailed stonework. The building's name, Ilium, is another term for classical Troy. The building is located next to the Fulton Street Gallery.

The building was constructed in 1904. It was designed by Troy-based Cummings architectural firm. Some sources attribute the design to Marcus F. Cummings (1836-1905), while others attribute the design to Frederick M. Cummings. Marcus Cummings designed other major buildings in Troy, including the National State Bank Building, Troy Times Building, Troy City Hall, Troy High School, Troy Courthouse, Rensselaer County Courthouse, and Mount Ida Presbyterian Church.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Troy, New York
Buildings and structures completed in 1904
Buildings and structures in Troy, New York
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in New York (state)


Patrick Mooney may refer to:

Patrick Mooney (Australian politician) (1880–1942), Australian Lang Labor politician from New South Wales
Patrick Mooney (Irish politician) (1903–1989), Irish Fianna Fáil politician represented Monaghan from 1957–69
Pat Roy Mooney (born 1947), executive director


is a former Japanese football player. His younger brother Masaru is also a footballer.

Playing career
Matsuhashi was born in Isahaya on August 3, 1982. After graduating from high school, he joined J2 League club Oita Trinita in 2001. He played as forward many matches from first season. Although Trinita won the champions in 2002 season and was promoted to J1 League, he could not play many matches from 2002 season. In 2006, he played many matches and scored 10 goals. In 2007, his younger brother Masaru also joined Trinita. Although Matsuhashi played many matches in 2006, his opportunity to play decreased behind Masato Yamazaki in 2007. In 2008, he moved to Vissel Kobe. However he could hardly play in the match. In 2010, he moved to J2 club Roasso Kumamoto. Although he played as regular forward in 2010, he could hardly play in the match in 2011. In 2012, he moved to his local club V-Varen Nagasaki in Japan Football League. V-Varen won the champions in 2012 season and was promoted to J2. However he could hardly play in the match in 2013 and retired end of 2013 season.

Club statistics

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Association football people from Nagasaki Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Japan Football League players
Oita Trinita players
Vissel Kobe players
Roasso Kumamoto players
V-Varen Nagasaki players
Men's association football forwards


Grad () is a village in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Church

The local church is dedicated to Saint Helena and the current building is from the late 17th century with later alterations, but is likely built over earlier foundations with a reused stone in the belfry inscribed with the date 1426.

References

External links

Grad on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem


is a former Japanese football player.

Playing career
Uchiyama was born in Izumi on October 21, 1978. After graduating from high school, he joined Japan Football League club Montedio Yamagata in 1998. The club was promoted to new league J2 League from 1999. He played many matches as left side back and became a regular player from 2003. In 2007, he moved to J1 League club Vissel Kobe. Although he played as regular left side back in early 2007, he lost regular position behind Hiroto Mogi the middle of 2007. In 2008, he became a regular player because Mogi got hurt. However his opportunity to play decreased in 2009. In 2010, he moved to J2 club Ventforet Kofu. He played many matches as regular player and the club was promoted to J1 from 2011. In 2012, he moved to Vegalta Sendai. However he could not play many matches and retired end of 2012 season.

Club statistics

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
Association football people from Kagoshima Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Japan Football League (1992–1998) players
Montedio Yamagata players
Vissel Kobe players
Ventforet Kofu players
Vegalta Sendai players
Men's association football defenders


Aviaarktika was a Soviet airline which started operations on 1 September 1930 and was absorbed by Aeroflot on 3 January 1960.

History
Aviaarktika was the flying branch of the Department of Polar Aviation of Glavsevmorput. Its first head was Mark Shevelev and it was originally based in Krasnoyarsk. It moved to Moscow in 1932.

Aviarktika established routes along the rivers and lakes of Siberia and Northern Russia; the Ob River with a base at Omsk, on the Irtysh and Yenisei rivers, with a base at Krasnoyarsk, on the Angara near Lake Baikal at Irkutsk, and at Yakutsk on the Lena.

Fleet

Initially Aviaarktika flew the Junkers F.13 floatplane and six Dornier Wal flying boats. By 1933 there were 42 aircraft including Tupolev ANT-4 and ANT-6's.

AVIAARKTIKA Tupolev ANT-4, CCCP-H317, currently located at the Ulyanovsk Aircraft Museum in Ulyanovsk Baratayevka Airport (Central) (UWLL), is the only surviving example of the ANT-4. CCCP-H317 crash-landed in Siberian tundra in 1944 and was recovered 39 years later and restored for the museum.

Accidents and incidents

1930s
12 July 1933 Savoia-Marchetti S.55 CCCP-N11 crashed in the Volga River  southwest of Volsk after encountering windshear, killing three of five on board.

1940s
22 July 1941 Tupolev G-1 CCCP-N292 stalled and crashed in the Maly Anyuy River on takeoff due to pilot error; all five on board survived.
25 September 1941 Dornier Wal CCCP-N238 force-landed in tundra between Kolymsky and Chokurdakh, Yakut ASSR due to engine failure; no casualties.
29 September 1941 Tupolev G-1 CCCP-N289 crashed on landing in the Anadyr River near Snezhnoye and sank, killing the four crew.
2 December 1941 Polikarpov U-2 CCCP-N274 crashed  from Anadyr after losing speed while turning, killing both crew.
28 January 1944 Tupolev G-1 CCCP-N317 force-landed near Poloy ( southwest of Igarka) after the pilot became disorientated in icing conditions, collapsing the landing gear in the process; all eight on board survived. The wreckage was found from the air on February 3. In 1983, the aircraft was relocated and transported by an Mi-6 to Igarka and loaded onto an Il-76 and flown to Vyborg for restoration. In 1985, CCCP-N317 was completed with engines and cockpit from another crashed G-1, CCCP-N227. CCCP-N317 was placed on display at the Ulyanovsk Aircraft Museum and remains the only complete ANT-4.
15 March 1944 Tupolev G-1 CCCP-N316 crashed near Turukhansk; no casualties.
24 March 1944 Polikarpov U-2SP CCCP-N335 crashed shortly after takeoff from Yenseisk after the pilot became disorientated in crosswinds; both pilots survived.
1 January 1945 Tupolev G-1 CCCP-N288 crashed near Rybnoye after the pilot became disorientated in poor visibility (fog); all 13 on board survived.
19 April 1945 Tupolev G-1 CCCP-N286 crashed on a river bank near Igarka in heavy snow due to crew and ATC errors, killing seven of 13 on board.
5 August 1945 Beriev MP-1 CCCP-N198 disappeared during a Dudinka-Volochanka flight with nine on board.
11 September 1945 Beriev MP-1 CCCP-N230 crashed near Tankovo shortly after takeoff from Vorogovo, killing both pilots, who were drunk.
25 October 1945 Siebel Si-204 CCCP-N372 crashed near Osoaviakhima Airfield, Krasnoyarsk during a training flight following engine failure, killing the pilot, who was drunk.
December 4, 1945 Douglas C-47 CCCP-N362 force-landed near Tiksi due to fuel exhaustion after repeated landing attempts, causing wing and landing gear damage; all 23 on board survived. The aircraft was repaired and returned to service.
18 December 1945 Douglas C-47 CCCP-N367 crashed on takeoff from Tiksi Airport due to crew errors; no casualties.
25 December 1945 A Douglas C-47 crashed on takeoff from Dudinka due to an in-flight fire, killing all 10 on board.
30 March 1946 Polikarpov Po-2S-2 CCCP-N356 crashed near Kazantsevo after the cargo shifted and jammed the controls; both pilots survived.
21 November 1946 Douglas C-47 CCCP-N424 force-landed near Yakutsk following engine failure and landing gear problems; all 19 on board survived.
13 December 1946 Focke-Wulf Fw 200C-3 CCCP-N400 force-landed on the ice off Ostrov Litne, Yamalsky District due to engine problems; all 21 on board survived, but the aircraft, operating an Igarka-Arkhangelsk passenger service, was written off.
7 February 1947 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N394 struck ice hummocks and crashed at Cape Schmidt due to double engine failure following fuel starvation; no casualties.
16 March 1947 Siebel Si-204 CCCP-N409 crashed on takeoff from Dudinka due to pilot error; although on board initially survived, the pilot was severely injured and died two days later.
17 March 1947 Polikarpov Po-2 CCCP-N391 made an emergency landing in tundra near Dudinka after the pilot became disorientated; both crew survived and burned the aircraft to keep warm.
2 April 1947 Siebel Si-204 CCCP-N408 crashed on the bank of the Indigirka River at Chokurdakh after the left propeller reversed in flight; all five on board survived.
17 April 1947 Polikarpov Po-2 CCCP-N389 nosed over and crashed on the frozen Gulf of Ob; the pilot survived. The aircraft had flown to Cape Kamenny to deliver fuel to a Po-2 (CCCP-N433), but on the way back, the engine began vibrating and losing power and an emergency landing was made on the Gulf of Ob. The aircraft took off again, but was caught by a wind gust and crashed.
6 May 1947 Siebel Si-204 CCCP-N414 force-landed wheels-up near Berezovo ( west of Tula) after both engines failed; all five on board survived.
5 June 1947 Petlyakov Pe-8 CCCP-N395 crashed at Cape Kosisty while attempting a go-around after both left engines failed due to fuel exhaustion; no casualties.
31 August 1947 Polikarpov Po-2 CCCP-N404 crashed on takeoff in the Maimecha River due to windshear; the pilot survived.
1 December 1947 Ilyushin Il-12 CCCP-N439 force-landed in a forest near Taldom after the left engine failed due to an oil leak; all five crew survived.
21 February 1948 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N427 crashed on takeoff from Khatanga Airport after both engines failed due to fuel starvation; no casualties.
7 March 1948 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N444 disappeared while operating a Dudinka-Anderma passenger service; the aircraft was found on 17 September 1950 on the slope of Netem-Pe mountain in the Urals; all 20 on board died. The aircraft had struck the mountain while in flight due to possible crew fatigue.
13 March 1948 Polikarpov Po-2S CCCP-N383 crashed while attempting to return to Cape Kamenny following engine failure; the pilot survived.
16 March 1948 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N456 crashed on takeoff from Vorkuta Airport due to snow on the runway; all six crew on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. The aircraft was involved in a search for missing Li-2 CCCP-N444.
21 March 1948 Douglas C-47 CCCP-N362 crashed on takeoff from Dudinka due to engine failure and pilot error; no casualties.
28 April 1948 Polikarpov Po-2 CCCP-N433 force-landed  from Yaptik-Sale after the pilot became disorientated; both the pilot and passenger survived. The aircraft was flying to Seyakha to deliver food to the crew of Ju 52 CCCP-N380 that had broken down.
16 September 1948 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N464 disappeared while on an ice reconnaissance flight with seven on board; debris was found in the Barents Sea on 20 and 24 September; the aircraft had ditched at sea at night and the crew were probably knocked into the sea by a wave and drowned.
1 November 1948 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N494 stalled and crashed on the ice  east of Cape Kosisty while attempting a forced landing following engine failure and wing icing, killing all six crew. The engine failure was caused by a design flaw.
14 November 1948 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N435 failed to take off and struck gasoline tanks at Cape Kosisty Airport due to wing and fuselage icing; no casualties.
19 March 1949 Ilyushin Il-12 CCCP-N441 crashed at an unknown location during a forced landing following engine failure; no casualties.

1950s
23 April 1950 Focke-Wulf Fw 200C-4 CCCP-N500 overran the runway while landing at Yakutsk Airport in a crosswind, causing the left landing gear to collapse and damaging the left wing and both left side engines; all nine on board survived, but the aircraft was written off. The aircraft had been re-engined with ASh-62 engines, which lacked reversible propellers.
26 June 1950 KM-2 (a Land-Lease PBN Nomad powered by ASh-82 engines) CCCP-N488 crashed on landing in the Khimki Reservoir, Moscow due to crew error, killing two of six on board.
16 September 1950 Polikarpov Po-2 CCCP-N406 failed to takeoff and crashed in the Arctic due to overloading; all four on board survived.
7 November 1950 Lisunov PS-84 CCCP-N359 struck ice hummocks and crashed while attempting to take off from Polar Station SP-2.
20 August 1951 Antonov An-2 CCCP-N566 nosed down and crashed on takeoff in the Yakut ASSR after a clamp was left on an aileron; all four on board escaped, but the navigator drowned when a portion of a wing he was holding on to sank.
18 September 1951 Antonov An-2 CCCP-N565 failed to take off and crashed near the Tukalan River, Krasonoyarsk region after it got stuck in mud; both crew survived.
22 October 1951 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N547 caught fire, exploded and burned out at Katanga Airport during refueling; the explosion tore off the right engine and threw the flight mechanic back, who survived.
30 April 1952 Antonov An-2 CCCP-N568 crashed, probably in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, following engine failure; there were no casualties, but due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of the crash site, the aircraft was written off.
27 September 1952 Mil Mi-1 CCCP-N1 crashed in a ravine near Ust-Tareya, Krasnoyarsk region due to pilot error; all four on board survived.
28 September 1952 Antonov An-2 CCCP-N591 stalled and crashed at Ust-Tareya while attempting a go-around, killing all six on board.
11 May 1953 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N461 crashed near Katanga due to engine failure caused by fuel exhaustion; there were no casualties, but due to the remoteness of the crash site, the aircraft was written off.
8 May 1954 Antonov An-2 CCCP-N140 crashed near the North Pole after the pilot reversed the propeller too soon; all five on board survived.
1954 Douglas R4D-5 CCCP-N417 crashed on landing at Polar Station SP-3, Antarctica after the landing gear struck an ice ridge and landed on its belly; the fuselage was used as a sauna and eventually sank. The aircraft was originally used by the US Navy for Operation Ski Jump, carrying out landings on drifting ice; the aircraft was abandoned after the landing gear collapsed on one of these flights and was found and repaired by the Soviets in May 1954.
4 March 1955 Ilyushin Il-12 CCCP-N479 force-landed near Kepino, Arkhangelsk Region due to an engine fire; killing four of 25 on board.
2 April 1955 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N497 broke through the ice while landing at Mys Zhelaniya; all ten on board survived. Four days later the aircraft was swept out to sea by a storm where it sank.
26 May 1955 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N535 crashed on a drifting ice floe in the central Arctic Basin; all 10 passengers and crew on board survived and were evacuated; but the aircraft was set on fire and abandoned. The wreck was later spotted on 11 December 1959 by the Icelandic Coast Guard.
2 July 1955 Ilyushin Il-12 CCCP-N480 crashed on landing at Nagurskoye Air Base; the aircraft touched down on a port of the runway that had not been cleared of snow, breaking off the left landing gear and causing structural damage. There were no casualties.
11 September 1956 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-N584 crashed near Cherepovets Airport at night during a training flight, killing the four crew.
22 September 1956 Mil Mi-4 CCCP-N42 was being ferried from Kazan to Khatanga when it broke apart in mid-air and crashed near Pletnikha, Arzamas Oblast due to a design flaw, killing the four crew.
7 August 1957 Beriev Be-6 CCCP-N662 crashed 35 km from Mys Kamenny Airport after an in-flight fire caused by engine failure, killing the six crew.
February 1958 Lisunov Li-2V CCCP-N496 stalled and crashed on takeoff from Mirny Ice Station, Antarctica; the aircraft participated in the 3rd Soviet Antarctic expedition in 1958.
2 May 1958 Antonov An-2 CCCP-N588 crashed 38 mi from Igarka, killing the three crew.
30 December 1958 Ilyushin Il-14 CCCP-04196 crashed  from Hatanga, Krasnoyarsk region, killing 16 of 17 on board.
10 August 1959 Lisunov Li-2 CCCP-04210 crashed at Chukotka Cape Shelagsky, killing seven of 10 on board.

References

 "Aeroflot: An Airline and its Aircraft", from Paladwr Press, Oct 1992 by R.E.G. Davies, (Curator of Air Transport at the Smithsonian), ,
 "Aeroflot: Soviet air transport since 1923" Putnam (1975) Hugh MacDonald, ,

External links
 Soviet Arctic Aerial Exploration
 Rossica Journal Number 128-129 dated October 1997

Airlines established in 1930
Airlines of the Soviet Union
Former Aeroflot divisions
Soviet brands


The Greece national beach soccer team represents Greece in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the HFF, the governing body for football in Greece.

Results and fixtures

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

Legend

2023

Current squad

The following players were named in the squad for the 2023 Euro Beach Soccer League, to be played 19 to 24 September 2023.

Competitive record

FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup

Euro Beach Soccer League

Beach Soccer at the Mediterranean Beach Games

References

External links
beachsoccer.gr
  Team profile on Beach Soccer Russia
 Team profile at Beach Soccer Worldwide

European national beach soccer teams
Beach soccer in Greece
beach soccer


Ukrpovitroshliakh (Ukrvozdukhput,  Ukrainian Society of Airways, ''Ukrains'kyi povitrianyi shliakh'
) was an airline based in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR during the interbellum. It operated scheduled domestic (USSR) services. It was the first civil aviation company of Ukraine.

History
The airline was founded on 1 June 1923. Ukrpovitroshliach began operating on 15 April 1925, offering service from Kharkiv to Odesa and Kyiv. From 15 June 1925, the company also offered flights to Moscow and Rostov-on-Don, completing its network centered in Kharkiv.

In 1926, Konstantin Kalinin became a Chief Designer.

By 1928, Ukrpovitroshliach was carrying more than 3,000 passengers a year.  But the Soviet central government's "Five-Year Plan" called for all air service in the Soviet Union to be controlled by one government agency. In 1929, Ukrpovitroshliach was absorbed into the newly formed national airline Aeroflot along with the other Soviet operators -- Zakavia and Deruluft.

Fleet
 Dornier Komet
 Kalinin K-4

Accidents and incidents
12 September 1929
Dornier Merkur CCCP-211 crashed while returning to Sukhumi due to loss of control following engine problems, killing both pilots. The aircraft was being tested following repairs from a previous accident two months earlier at the same airport.

References

Bibliography

Defunct airlines of Ukraine
Airlines established in 1923
Airlines of the Soviet Union
Former Aeroflot divisions
Airlines disestablished in 1929
1923 establishments in Ukraine

Aviation history of Ukraine


is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Japan Football League club Tiamo Hirakata.

Career statistics
Updated to 8 March 2018.

References

External links

Profile at Vissel Kobe

1983 births
Living people
National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya alumni
People from Uki, Kumamoto
Association football people from Kumamoto Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Japan Football League players
Vissel Kobe players
Kyoto Sanga FC players
Tegevajaro Miyazaki players
Kamatamare Sanuki players
FC Tiamo Hirakata players
Men's association football midfielders


Patrick Joseph Curran was an Irish Labour Party politician. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin County constituency at the 1932 general election. He lost his seat at the 1933 general election.

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Labour Party (Ireland) TDs
Members of the 7th Dáil
Politicians from County Dublin