Jenny Mitchell, better known by the stage name Jenny Omnichord, is a Canadian indie rock musician. She has released three solo albums and an EP as a solo artist, and also records and performs with the bands The Barmitzvah Brothers and The Burning Hell.

On Cities of Gifts and Ghosts, Mitchell worked with a variety of influential Canadian record producers, including Don Kerr, Evan Gordon, Jim Guthrie, Bob Wiseman, Scott Merritt and Dave Clark. Collaborators on Charlotte or Otis: Duets for Children, Their Parents and Other People Too, her 2008 children's album, included Andy Magoffin, Wax Mannequin, Shad, Kim Barlow, Ida Nilsen, Old Man Luedecke and Tony Dekker of Great Lake Swimmers.

Her 2010 album, All Our Little Bones was her first to feature a full band, including JJ Ipsen, Michael Brushey, Justin Nace, Michael Barclay, Paterson Hodgson, Andy Magoffin and former Barmitzvah Brothers bandmates Johnny Merritt, TJ O'Malley and Gillian Manford.

She is also known for distributing her albums in unconventional packaging. Cities of Gifts and Ghosts was released in handmade wooden cases, Charlotte or Otis featured a 20-page booklet of artwork inspired by the album's songs, and the vinyl edition of All Our Little Bones was released in a jacket which folds out into a playable board game inspired by a cross-Canada concert tour.

Discography
 Jenny Omnicovers (2007)
 Cities of Gifts and Ghosts (2007)
 Pregnancy 'P (2008)
 Charlotte or Otis: Duets for Children, Their Parents and Other People Too (2008)
 All Our Little Bones (2010)
 Days of Hard Drives: Excavating Ten Years of Jenny Omnichord (2013)

References

External links
 Jenny Omnichord on Myspace
 Jenny Omnichord on Bandcamp

Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian women singer-songwriters
Canadian singer-songwriters
Canadian indie rock musicians
Canadian indie pop musicians
Omnichord, Jenny


George Albert Esson  (b. 30 March 1942, d. 13 July 2022) was Assistant Chief Constable of Grampian Police and Chief Constable of Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary (1989-1994). He was at the centre of major inquiries into the Piper Alpha disaster and the 1986 Chinook Helicopter Crash. He also headed the police investigation into the Lockerbie Bombing.

He is a graduate of the University of Aberdeen.

After retiring from the Police, he worked for Shell UK as a security and external affairs advisor and led their response to the Greenpeace protests at the decommissioning of the Brent Spar oil facility in the North Sea.

He was appointed CBE in the 1994 Birthday Honours.

References

 https://web.archive.org/web/20111003185235/http://www.professionalsecurity.co.uk/newsdetails.aspx?NewsArticleID=6137&imgID=1
 http://www.platform-oilandgas.com/newsdetail.lasso?section=Speaking%20Out&issue=97&issue_date=May%202007
 https://web.archive.org/web/20120316003642/http://www.abdn.ac.uk/alumni/events/month.php?month=November&year=2007

1942 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
British Chief Constables
Scottish recipients of the Queen's Police Medal
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire


Mohammad Momeni (; born 23 December 1972) is a retired Iranian professional footballer who played during most of his career for Saipa.

Club career
Momeni was the Iranian top division's top scorer with 19 goals during the 1995–96 season. He had a brief spell with Erzurumspor in the Turkish Super Lig.

International career
Momeni made two appearances for the full Iran national football team, both of them in friendly matches against Turkmenistan on 26 and 28 April 1996.

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
People from Sistan and Baluchistan Province
Iranian men's footballers
Iran men's international footballers
Payam Khorasan F.C. players
Esteghlal F.C. players
Erzurumspor footballers
Saipa F.C. players
Rah Ahan Tehran F.C. players
Homa F.C. players
Azadegan League players
Süper Lig players
Persian Gulf Pro League players
Iranian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Iranian expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football forwards


Rudolf "Rudek" Regner (1917 in Dolina, Austrian Galicia – probably in June 1941, murdered by the NKVD), was a Polish scout, soldier and member of the White Couriers. Before World War II, he worked as a bookkeeper in a cooperative located in southeastern Polish town of Turka (now in Ukraine).

Between late 1939 and mid-1940, Regner, together with a group of Polish scouts mostly from Lwow, led scores of people across Soviet-Hungarian border (see: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact) in the Eastern Carpathians. He would lead to Budapest those Poles who wanted to escape Soviet occupation. From Hungary, he would bring newspapers and directives of General Wladyslaw Sikorski. Regner, who was born and raised in the borderland area (before the war, there had been the Polish - Czechoslovakian border), used his knowledge and skills.

Circumstances of his death are unknown. According to some sources, he was captured by the NKVD in May 1940, while leading a group of escapees. However, it is more likely that he was arrested in Komarniki on July 8, 1940 and incarcerated in the Drohobycz military prison. On May 16, 1941, he was sentenced to death by the court of the Kiev Military District. He was shot in Lwow prison in early June 1941, just days before Operation Barbarossa (see: NKVD prisoner massacres).

See also
Political repression in the Soviet Union
Wladyslaw Ossowski

References
 Celt, Marek (1986). Biali Kurierzy. Wydawnictwo LTW, Dziekanow Lesny.
 Szatsznajder, Jan (1994). Dopisany Zyciorys... Wlawa Ossowskiego. Wyd. "W kolorach teczy", Wroclaw
 IPN: Polskie Podziemie 1939-1941. Od Wolynia do Pokucia. cz. 2, Warszawa-Kijow 2004, Wyd. Rytm, str. 1221–1319.

1917 births
1941 deaths
People from Dolyna
Polish resistance members of World War II
Nonpersons in the Eastern Bloc
Polish people who died in Soviet detention
Polish people detained by the NKVD


Daniel Dezeuze (born 1942) is a French artist and a founding member of the French group of artists called Supports/Surfaces. This group (made up of Dezeuze, Claude Viallat, Patrick Saytour, Louis Cane, André-Pierre Arnal, Vincent Bioulès, Noêl Dolla, Jean-Pierre Pincemin, André Valensi, Marc Devade, Toni Grand, and Bernard Pagès) started to form in 1966. Their common concern was a desire to deconstruct painting in order to re-examine its history and question its nature. Colour is a fundamental question in many of their works. They frequently used non-traditional materials and referred to other non-western cultures.

Biography
Dezeuze was born in Alès, Gard. He studied Spanish literature at the university in Montpellier while attending classes at the art college. After spending several years abroad (Spain, Mexico, Canada) he finished his doctorate in Comparative Literature at the Sorbonne in Paris in 1970.

Dezeuze's radical work from 1967 (Stretcher covered in plastic film) is in the collection of the Centre Pompidou in Paris and was shown at the Guggenheim Museum as part of the Exhibition of Masterpieces from the Centre Pompidou.

His work over the years has been extremely varied in materials (wood, gauze, found objects, polyethylene etc.) and in tone, from the austere rigour of his flexible wooden ladders of the 1970s, to the ethereal lightness of his gauze pieces going on to the playfulness of his colourful Peintures qui perlent (Beading Paintings) which are painted wooden cubes and beads attached to a rigid framework.

There are two main directions in his work: the first, his deconstruction of painting and its components (Ladders, Trellises, Cut Out Gauzes, Pavilions etc.) and the second, his creation of series of objects (Arms, Gathering Devices, and Receptacles) which evoke humanity's perennial activities.

Dezeuze's drawings also can be grouped in these same two directions with the addition of his sensitive and delightful evocations of nature in his series La Vie Amoureuse des Plantes (subject of an exhibition at the Centre Pompidou in 1993), his numerous and colourful Butterflies and enigmatic Grotesques.

His exhibitions have been numerous in France and abroad. He exhibited regularly at the Yvon Lambert Gallery in Paris from 1971 until 1991 and since that date at the Daniel Templon Gallery in Paris.

Daniel Dezeuze also has a considerable body of written work. In 1971 he founded the review Peinture, cahiers théoriques with Louis Cane and Marc Devade with the help of the review Tel Quel. His theoretical articles from this review are included in the publication from the Ecole Nationale des Beaux-Arts de Paris of his writings. Also included are several interviews and a great part of his published poetry.

Among his commissions must be included the mosaic floor in the Church of St. Laurent in Puy-en-Velay, his sculpture in the Tuileries Gardens, the optic fibre sculpture in the Toulouse subway and his redecoration, incorporating several of his works, of the Hôtel du Sully in Paris.

Selected exhibitions

1998 Carré d'Art -musée d'Art contemporain, Nîmes
1999 Galerie Daniel Templon, Paris
2001 La Chaufferie et Musée d'Art moderne et Contemporain, Strasbourg
2002 Galerie Daniel Templon, Paris. Galerie John Dekkers, La Haye (Pays-Bas)
2003 Galerie Fernand Léger (Credac), Ivry-sur-Seine
FRAC Bourgogne, Dijon
Espace d'art contemporain du domaine départemental du Château d'O, Montpellier
2005 Espace d'art contemporain Gustave Fayet, Sérignan
2006 Armes et Scènes de guerre Château de Salses (66) dépôt permanent
2007 Galerie Hambursin-Boisanté, Montpellier. Casa de Francia, Mexico (Mexique). Granville Gallery (Normandie). Galerie Art Attitude Hervé Bize, Nancy
2008 Galerie Daniel Templon. Kringst-Ernst Gallery, Cologne. Musée Paul Valéry, Sète
2017 Daniel Dezeuze - a retrospective,  Musée de Grenoble, France
2019 From a certain angle, Galerie Templon, Paris, France
2021 Screens/Tables: Variations,  Galerie Templon, Paris, France

External links
 Official website of Daniel Dezeuze
 Rencontre - Débat avec Daniel Dezeuze à Montpellier

References

1942 births
Living people
People from Alès
20th-century French painters
20th-century French male artists
French male painters
21st-century French painters
21st-century French male artists
French draughtsmen
University of Paris alumni
20th-century French sculptors
French male sculptors


The Ernest C. Drury High School was a school in Milton, Ontario, Canada, for students in grades 9-12. The school closed in June 2012 and became Craig Kielburger Secondary School at a new location in Milton.

The same campus also houses the E. C. Drury School for the Deaf, a secondary school with residential and day programs for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing students. The school also offers classes for the disabled, a day care center, several board offices, and numerous trade programs. This school was operated by the Provincial Schools branch of the Ministry of Education in Ontario. The Provincial schools will remain at their current address after June 2012 retaining the EC Drury name.

The school was named after Ernest Charles Drury who was Premier of Ontario from 1919 to 1923.

Academics
EC Drury High School offered a full range of courses in all 4 pathways; University, College, Apprenticeship and Workplace. As well, The Centre provided education and training for developmentally challenged students.

Special programs

E.C. Drury offered several specialist programs organized by the HDSB Pathways Department.

Specialist High Skills Majors
Business
Green Industries
Hospitality
Information and Communications Technology
Musical Theatre

Ontario Youth Apprenticeship (OYAP)
Hair Styling

Sports teams
The EC Drury Spartan Wrestling Team has developed a tradition of winning team and individual medals at regional (GHAC) and provincial (OFSAA) tournaments since 1987.

In 2017, the Spartans wrestling team was inducted into the Milton Sports Hall of Fame.

Arts
The arts department at EC Drury had extra curricular activities including
Glee Club
Drum Line
Guitar Club

References

High schools in the Regional Municipality of Halton
Milton, Ontario
1980 establishments in Ontario
2012 disestablishments in Ontario
Educational institutions established in 1980
Educational institutions disestablished in 2012


Policy capturing or "the PC technique" is a statistical method used in social psychology to quantify the relationship between a person's judgement and the information that was used to make that judgement. Policy capturing assessments rely upon regression analysis models. Policy capturing is frequently used by businesses to assess employee performance.

Policy capturing is a technique that is used to examine how individuals reach decisions. Policy capturing is regarded as a form of judgment analysis and has been applied to a variety of settings and contexts (see Cooksey, 1996; Kristof-Brown, A. L., Jansen, K. J., & Colbert, A. E. (2002). A policy-capturing study of the simultaneous effects of fit with jobs, groups, and organizations. Journal of Applied psychology, 87(5), 985).

A typical example was reported by Sherer, Schwab and Heneman (1987), in their study of how supervisors, in the setting of a private hospital, reach decisions about salary raises. Participants of this study, called judges, received information about a set of employees. The employees differed on five key factors: performance level was average or superior, performance was consistent or inconsistent, current salary was low, medium, or high, and the individuals either had or had not been offered another job from a different organization. After reading information about each employee, participants then decided whether the percentage and absolute increase in salary they would recommend. Which of these five factors shaped the decisions varied appreciably across the participants.

Hitt and Barr reported another excellent example of policy capturing. This study assessed which factors determine evaluations of job applicants and corresponding salaries. The participants or judges-66 managers who often need to reach similar decisions in their work lives-read the applications of these applicants and watched a video presentation that each candidate had prepared. Several variables differed across applicants: the applicants, for example, had accumulated either 10 or 15 years of experience, were 35 or 35 years of age, were male or female, were African or Caucasian, had completed a BS or MBA, and were applying to be a regional sales manager or vice president of sales. Subsequent analysis showed that factors unrelated to experience, such as age and sex, affected decisions. Furthermore, the relevance of each factor interacted with one another.

See also
Linear programming
Statistics
Analysis
Regression analysis
Mathematical modelling

Recruitment
Regression analysis
Comparison of assessments


Parc Cwm long cairn (), also known as Parc le Breos burial chamber (), is a partly restored Neolithic chambered tomb, identified in 1937 as a Severn-Cotswold type of chambered long barrow. The cromlech, a megalithic burial chamber, was built around 5850 years before present (BP), during the early Neolithic. It is about seven  miles (12 km) west south–west of Swansea, Wales, in what is now known as Coed y Parc Cwm at Parc le Breos, on the Gower Peninsula.

A trapezoidal cairn of rubble – the upper part of the cromlech and its earth covering now removed – about  long by  (at its widest), is revetted by a low dry-stone wall. A bell-shaped, south-facing forecourt, formed by the wall, leads to a central passageway lined with limestone slabs set on end. Human remains had been placed in the two pairs of stone chambers that lead from the passageway. Corpses may have been placed in nearby caves until they decomposed, when the bones were moved to the tomb.

The cromlech was discovered in 1869 by workmen digging for road stone. An excavation later that year revealed human bones (now known to have belonged to at least 40 people), animal remains, and Neolithic pottery. Samples from the site show the tomb to have been in use for between 300 and 800 years. North-West European lifestyles changed around 6000 BP, from the nomadic lives of the hunter-gatherer, to a settled life of agricultural farming: the Neolithic Revolution. However, analysis of the human remains found at Parc Cwm long cairn show the people interred in the cromlech continued to be either hunter-gatherers or herders, rather than agricultural farmers.

Parc Cwm long cairn lies in a former medieval deer park, established in the 1220s CE by the Marcher Lord of Gower as Parc le Breos – an enclosed area of about , now mainly farmland. The cromlech is on the floor of a dry narrow limestone gorge containing about  of woodland. Free pedestrian access is via an asphalt track leading from the park's entrance, which has free parking for 12–15 cars about  from the site. Parc Cwm long cairn is maintained by Cadw, the Welsh Government's historic environment division.

History

From the end of the last ice age (between 12,000 and 10,000 BP) Mesolithic hunter-gatherers began to migrate northwards from Central Europe; the area that would become known as Wales was free of glaciers by about 10,250 BP. At that time sea levels were much lower than today, and the shallower parts of what is now the North Sea were dry land. The east coast of present-day England and the coasts of present-day Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands were connected by the former landmass known as Doggerland, forming the British Peninsula on the European mainland. The post-glacial rise in sea level separated Wales and Ireland, forming the Irish Sea. Doggerland was submerged by the North Sea and, by 8000 BP, the British Peninsula had become an island. By the beginning of the Neolithic (6,000 BP) sea levels in the Bristol Channel were still about  lower than today. Historian John Davies has theorised that the story of Cantre'r Gwaelod's drowning, and tales in the Mabinogion of the water between Wales and Ireland being narrower and shallower, may be distant folk memories of that time. The warmer climate caused major changes to the flora and fauna of Great Britain, and encouraged the growth of dense forest that covered 80–90% of the island.

Human lifestyles in North-West Europe changed around 6000 BP; from the Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) nomadic lives of hunting and gathering, to the Neolithic (New Stone Age) agrarian life of agriculture and settlement. John Davies notes that such a transformation cannot have been developed by the people living in North-West Europe independently, as neither the grain necessary for crops nor the animals suitable for domestication are indigenous to the area. Recent genetic studies conclude that these cultural changes were introduced to Britain by farmers migrating from the European mainland. They cleared the forests to establish pasture and to cultivate the land, developed new technologies such as ceramics and textile production, and used a similar tradition of long barrow construction that began in continental Europe during the 7th millennium BP – the free standing megalithic structures supporting a sloping capstone (known as dolmens), common across Atlantic Europe that were, according to John Davies, "the first substantial, permanent constructions of man". Such massive constructions would have needed a large labour force (up to 200 men) suggestive of large communities nearby. However, in his contribution to History of Wales, 25,000 BC AD 2000, archaeologist Joshua Pollard notes that not all Neolithic communities were part of the simultaneous "marked transformations in material culture, ideology and technical practices" known as the Neolithic Revolution.

Severn-Cotswold tombs

The cromlech at Parc le Breos Cwm is one of 120–30 sites identified as belonging to the category of long barrow tomb known as the Severn-Cotswold or Cotswold-Severn group. Excavations show these tombs to have been built on sites that had already "gained some significance". Archaeologist Julian Thomas theorises that these sites may have been "very long-lived woodland clearances" that had become landmarks and meeting-places.

Constructed during the Neolithic, cairns in the Severn-Cotswold tradition share several characteristics: an elongated trapezoidal (or wedge) shape up to  long; a cairn (a mound of deliberately placed stones or rocks erected as a memorial or marker); a revetment (retaining wall) of carefully constructed dry-stone walling that also defines a horned forecourt at the widest end; huge capstones supported by orthostats; and a chamber (or chambers) in which human remains were placed, accessible after the cairn was completed by way of a gallery (passageway). Diverse internal transept chamber plans exist within the group. The earlier tombs contained multiple chambers set laterally, or pairs of transept chambers leading from a central passageway; the later, terminally chambered tombs, contained a single chamber.

As the name implies, Severn-Cotswold cairns are concentrated mainly to the east of the River Severn, in and around the Cotswolds, in present-day England. However, similar Severn-Cotswold type structures have been identified in south east Wales – between Brecon, Gower and Gwent – and in Capel Garmon (near Betws-y-Coed, Conwy, north Wales), Wayland's Smithy (Oxfordshire, England) and Avebury (Wiltshire, England). As well as monuments to house and to honour their departed ancestors, these cromlechs may have been communal and ceremonial sites where, according to archaeologist Francis Pryor, people met "to socialise, to meet new partners, to acquire fresh livestock and to exchange ceremonial gifts".

Parc Cwm long cairn is one of six chambered tombs discovered on Gower and one of 17 in what is commonly known as Glamorgan. Severn-Cotswold cairns are the oldest surviving examples of architecture in Great Britain – Parc Cwm long cairn was built about 1,500 to 1,300 years before either Stonehenge or the Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt was completed.

Features

The megalithic cromlech at Parc le Breos Cwm, known as Parc Cwm long cairn (), is a Severn-Cotswold type chambered tomb, built around 5850 BP (during the early Neolithic) in what is now known as Gower – about eight miles (13 km) west of Swansea, Wales, and about  miles (2 km) north of the Bristol Channel. Alternative names include Parc le Breos burial chamber (), the Long Cairn and the Giant's Grave.

The cromlech consists of a north–south aligned long mound of locally obtained rocks and cobbles, mainly of limestone, revetted by two coursed, dry-stone kerbs of "a fine standard". The inner wall was built using a heavier stone. Trapezoid-shaped and about  long, the cromlech tapers from  wide at its southern entrance to about  at its northern end. The wall at the front, right section, is missing or has collapsed, and the rubble has tumbled out leaving a previously covered orthostat exposed.

At the entrance to the tomb the kerbs sweep inwards to form a pair of deep protrusions, or horns, forming a narrow bell-shaped forecourt. A straight central passageway (or gallery),  long by  wide, orientated north–south, leads from the forecourt into the cairn. Each side of the passageway is lined with thin limestone slabs known as orthostats, placed on end and up to  high with a coursed dry-stone infill between the slabs. Two pairs of rectangular transept chambers lead from the passageway, averaging  feet (1.6 m), east–west, by  feet (1.0 m); or "6 ft by 2 ft", according to Archaeologia Cambrensis in 1886. Each, except the south west chamber, has shallow limestone sillstones at its entrance.

Archaeologist R J C Atkinson believed that (unusually among cairns in the Severn-Cotswold tradition) Parc Cwm long cairn had been built beside a stream that now flows underground. He noted that the stones on the eastern side had "marked signs of erosion and rounding by silt-laden flood-water".

Originally, the transept chambers would have been covered with one large (or several smaller) capstones, enclosing the chambers containing human remains. The earth covering and the upper part of the cromlech have been removed, leaving the passageway and lateral chambers fully exposed. There is no record of a capstone having been discovered.

Excavation

Workmen digging for road stone discovered the site in 1869. John Lubbock and Hussey Vivian excavated it that year, believing it to be a round barrow. The excavation revealed human bones that were "much broken and in no regular arrangement", animal remains ("deer and swine's teeth"), and sherds of "plain Western Neolithic pottery". The bones, initially thought to heve been disturbed by repeated access or subsequent interments, were at first thought to be from 20 to 24 individuals, all of whom except three were adults. Archaeologists Alasdair Whittle and Michael Wysocki note that such estimates were commonly based on the "numbers of skulls or mandibles", and recent analysis has shown the bones to be from at least 40 individuals. Following the excavation, most of the human remains were reburied in clay pots beneath their original contexts, some are held in the Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, England – with the animal and pottery remains – and the whereabouts of the remainder are unrecorded.

An excavation led by Professor Glyn Daniel in 1937 identified the site as a chambered long barrow. However, more recently, long barrows have been defined as having long earthen mounds with wooden internal structures, whereas chambered tombs, while also being covered by a long mound, have internal chambers built of stone. No long barrows with wooden internal structures have been identified in southeast Wales, perhaps because long barrows were usually built where there was no suitable stone.

At Parc Cwm long cairn a variety of mortuary practices was evident and the deliberate ordering of skeletal parts noticeable. Whittle and Wysocki (1998) note cremated human remains were placed only in the front, right (south–east) chamber, where females and males, and all age ranges were represented. The south–east chamber was also unusual in that it contained nearly three times as many individuals as in each of the other chambers, which contained the remains of all representative groups except younger children and infants. At the forecourt entrance Atkinson recorded finds, deposited in groups, including: flint debitage, lithic cores and a bladelet (burnt and unburnt); a leaf-shaped arrowhead (burnt); pieces of quartz; pieces of stalactite (now missing); sherds of Neolithic pottery; and cremated bone fragments. Atkinson speculated that the stalactite originated from Cat Hole cave, which (along with Tooth Hole cave) Whittle and Wysocki note as a possible source of the quartz too.

Following the excavation led by R J C Atkinson in 1960, the cromlech was placed under the guardianship of the then Ministry of Public Building and Works
and, in 1961, was partly restored. Atkinson made "minimal" excavation records, and no report of it was published until Whittle and Wysocki's detailed report in 1998. In it, they suggest that corpses may have been placed in caves near the cromlech until they decomposed, when the bones were moved to the tomb; a process known as excarnation.

Analysis

Few human remains survive in Great Britain from the early Neolithic (c. 6400–c. 5850 BP), although they are comparatively well preserved in the Black Mountains (), Gower and the Vale of Glamorgan () where up to 50 individuals have been interred – men, women and children – in each cromlech.

The skeletal remains of over 40 individuals were recovered from the cromlech at Parc le Breos Cwm, some of which showed evidence of weathering and of biting and gnawing by animals. This suggests the corpses lay exposed to decompose and were interred in the burial chambers defleshed, as parcels of bone. Skeletal remains from the passageway were part–articulated, showing no sign of animal scavenging, suggesting they were placed in the cromlech as fleshed corpses. Whittle and Wysocki note that among the human remains are the bones of "8 dogs, a cat, a red deer, pig, sheep and cattle". They speculate that the two caves near the cromlech were used as depositories for the corpses prior to decomposition, and that when the bones were collected from the caves for reinterment others already lying in the cave were unwittingly gathered too.

Radiocarbon dated samples from the cromlech show the tomb was accessed by many generations over a period of 300–800 years, and that the human bones are the disarticulated remains (i.e., not complete skeletons) of at least 40 individuals: male and female adults, adolescents, children, and infants. One of the red deer bones has been radiocarbon dated to between 2750 BP and 2150 BP, showing that at least some of the bones entered long after the site had been deserted.

Lifestyle indicators
Examination of the bones from which stature could be estimated, indicate that the male mortuary population were "big men" – the 1869 report notes males of "gigantic proportions" – whereas the females were "short and gracile". Pollard notes that males analysed from Parc Cwm long cairn were "particularly robust" when compared to females.

Prior to the publication of Whittle and Wysocki's 1998 report, bones and teeth of the mortuary population of Parc Cwm long cairn were re-examined for indications of lifestyle and diet.

Musculoskeletal analysis showed significant gender lifestyle variation. Greater leg muscle development was found in males of the Parc Cwm cromlech, possibly the result of hunting or herding, confirming the sexual dimorphism found in previous analyses of the remains. In contrast, no such variation was noticeable in the remains found during excavations from other nearby sites, for example the Tinkinswood burial chamber, in the Vale of Glamorgan. The variation in musculoskeletal stress markers may indicate a mobile lifestyle for at least some of the males analysed.

Evidence obtained from stable isotope analysis shows plant foods, including cereals, formed only a small proportion of their dietary protein. The majority derived from animals – i.e., meat, and milk or blood – and contained none from marine sources.

Remains of human teeth were analysed for evidence of arrested development and decay. Arrested development implies periods of nutritional shortage, which could indicate failed harvests. Decay implies either periods of food shortage, or a diet consisting of high proportions of carbohydrate or softer cooked meat, or both. Dental analyses showed no sign of periods of decay or arrested development, even where there was "considerable wear", indicating a lifestyle that was not dependent on farming cereals. The 1887 bone report notes the "good condition of the teeth". Whittle and Wysocki noted the "slight" presence of tartar, and that only one tooth had been lost before death, a mandibular incisor.

Whittle and Wysocki conclude, from the skeletal and dental analyses, that the lifestyles of the people who were to be interred in the cromlech either continued to be one of hunting and gathering or, more likely, a pastoral life of herding, rather than one of agrarian-based farming.

Cathole Cave

The Cathole Cave, Cat Hole Cave or Cathole Rock Cave, is a steep limestone outcrop, about  north of the cromlech along the Parc le Breos Cwm valley and near the top of the gorge, about  from the valley floor. The cave is a deep triangular fissure penetrating the hillside and narrowing towards the top. It has two entrances, with a natural platform outside the larger of the two.

The cave was used as a shelter by bands of Mesolithic hunters and as a Neolithic ossuary. During the first excavation of the cave in 1864, finds were made only from the Mesolithic to medieval periods. In his "The Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society vol.25 (1959), pp. 260–69", archaeologist Charles McBurney notes that "In the Post Glacial period the cave was much used by Mesolithic hunters"; a conclusion confirmed by John Campbell's excavation of 1977.

A 1984 excavation by Aldhouse-Green revealed the earliest finds from the cave, two tanged points that may date to c. 28,000 BP, an interglacial period during the Late Pleistocene roughly contemporaneous with the Red Lady of Paviland. The "lady" was discovered in a cave between Port Eynon and Rhossili, about eight miles (13 km) west of Cathole Cave, and has been radiocarbon dated to c. 29,000 BP, the oldest known human burial in Great Britain.

Rock art from the Upper Paleolithic, thought to represent a reindeer, was discovered on the back wall of Cathole Cave in September 2010. The engraving, measuring approximately 15 x 11 cm, has been radiocarbon dated to 14,505 ± 560 BP. According to George Nash, the archeologist who made the discovery, it is "the oldest rock art in the British Isles, if not north-western Europe".

Late glacial tool finds from the Upper Palaeolithic date to c. 12,000 BP: flint blades known as Cheddar points; smaller bladelets known as Cresswell points; scrapers; burins or lithic flakes; flint and bone awls; and a bone needle. Flint rarely occurs in Wales other than in drifts, or as small pebbles on beaches. Flint tools would therefore have to have been brought to Gower from other areas, such as those now known as southern or eastern England, or Antrim, either as finished tools or as incomplete, or unworked, nodules. Remains of red fox, Arctic fox, brown bear, tundra vole, and possibly reindeer, were found at the same level as the Upper Palaeolithic tools, providing evidence of the climate c. 12,000 BP. Other animal remains excavated during the 19th century, which may predate the Late glacial finds, include mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, red deer and giant deer.

Several finds date to the Bronze Age, including a bronze socketed axe, two human skeletons, and sherds of pottery from burial urns and other vessels.

Llethryd Tooth Cave
An excavation of the Llethryd Tooth Cave, or Tooth Hole cave, a Bronze Age ossuary site at a cave about  north, north west of the cromlech, was carried out by D. P. Webley and J. Harvey in 1962. It revealed the disarticulated remains of six people, dated to the Early Bronze Age or Beaker culture. Other contemporary finds, now held at the Amgueddfa Cymru–National Museum Wales, Cardiff, include collared urn pottery, flaked knives, a scraper, flint flakes, a bone spatula, a needle and bead, and animal bones – the remains of domesticated animals, including cat and dog. Whittle and Wysocki note that this period of occupation may be "significant", with respect to Parc Cwm long cairn, as it is "broadly contemporary with the secondary use of the tomb".

Location

The Neolithic cromlech at Parc le Breos is about seven  miles (12 km) west south–west of Swansea, Wales, near the centre of Gower, midway between the villages of Llanrhidian and Bishopston. Its nearest village is Parkmill, a small rural settlement about one mile (1.5 km) to the south–east.

Parc Cwm long cairn lies on the floor of a dry, narrow, limestone gorge, at an elevation of about  above sea level, less than  miles (2 km) from the south coast of Gower. It is in about  of woodland called Coed y Parc, the remnants of a former medieval deer park (Parc le Breos) from which the cromlech derives its alternative name: Parc le Breos burial chamber. Established as an enclosed area of about  by John de Braose, Marcher Lord of Gower, in about 1221–32 CE, the park is now mainly farmland. A 19th-century hunting lodge about  north–east of Parc Cwm long cairn has been converted into a hotel and pony trekking (horse riding) centre called Parc le Breos.

Coed y Parc is owned and managed by Natural Resources Wales. The site is open to the public free of charge and has parking for 12–15 cars about  away. Facing the car park on the opposite side of the lane, a kissing gate allows wheelchair access to a level asphalt track running past the cromlech down the length of the gorge, passing within about  of the cairn. Parc Cwm long cairn is maintained by Cadw (), the Welsh Government's historic environment division.

See also
 4th millennium BC
 5th millennium BC
 Bioarchaeology
 Britons (historic)
 Cove (standing stones)
 Forensic archaeology
 Knapping
 List of Cadw (Welsh Heritage) Properties
 Palaeopathology
 Passage grave
 Prehistoric archaeology
 Prehistory
 Tumulus
 Welsh placenames

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales: Key Sites Southeast Wales – Neolithic and earlier Bronze Age
 Britain Express, The Neolithic Era (c. 4000 - 2000 B.C.)
 Cantre'r Gwaelod  –  The Lost Land of Wales
 Waymarking  –  Megalithic monuments
 Casglu'r Tlysau/Gathering the Jewels  –  Welsh Heritage and Culture
 Archaeology in Wales
 Photos of Parc Cwm long cairn and surrounding area on Geograph
 Photos of Llethryd Tooth Cave on ogof.org

Buildings and structures completed in the 4th millennium BC
1869 archaeological discoveries
Buildings and structures in Swansea
Cadw
Megalithic monuments in Wales
Prehistoric burials in Wales
Prehistoric sites in Swansea
Gower Peninsula
Monuments and memorials in Swansea
Tumuli in Wales
Cairns (stone mounds)


Cesare Segre (4 April 1928 – 16 March 2014) was an Italian philologist, semiotician and literary critic of Jewish descent, and the Director of the Texts and Textual Traditions Research Centre of the Institute for Advanced Studies of Pavia (IUSS).

Segre was born in Verzuolo, Province of Cuneo. He lived and studied in Turin, where he was awarded his degree in 1950, a pupil of Benvenuto Terracini and famous uncle Santorre Debenedetti. A professor of Romance Philology since 1954, he taught at the universities of Trieste and Pavia, where in the 1960s he became Chair of this discipline. Segre was also a Visiting Professor at the University of Manchester, University of Rio de Janeiro, Harvard University, Princeton University, and UC Berkeley.

He collaborated with numerous academic magazines and journals, among which: Studi di filologia italiana, Cultura neolatina, L'Approdo letterario; he has also been the editor of Paragone; director with Maria Corti, D'Arco Silvio Avalle and Dante Isella, of Strumenti critici; co-director of Medioevo romanzo (of which he was also one of the founders) and the series Critica e filologia published by Feltrinelli. He has also edited with Carlo Ossola an anthology of Italian poetry published by Einaudi.

Segre was married to Maria Luisa Meneghetti (born 1950), also a professor of Romance philology, at the University of Milan.

He was the president of the International Association for Semiotic Studies. With his important research, Segre has contributed to the introduction of formalist and structural theories in Italian literary critique. From a theoretical and methodological point of view, pivotal are his studies in this area, such as:

I segni e la critica (Einaudi, Turin 1969);
Semiotics and Literary Criticism (Walter De Gruyter, 1973)
I metodi attuali della critica in Italia (Eri, Turin 1970), with Maria Corti;
Le strutture e il tempo (Einaudi, Turin 1974);
Structures and Time : Narration, poetry, Models (University of Chicago Press, 1979)
Avviamento all'analisi del testo letterario (Einaudi, Turin 1985),
Introduction to the Analysis of the Literary Text (Indiana University Press, 1988)

And also:

Lingua, stile e società (Milano: Feltrinelli, 1963)
Fuori del mondo. I modelli nella follia e nelle immagini dell'aldilà (Torino: Einaudi, 1990)
Notizie dalla crisi. Dove va la critica letteraria?, Einaudi, Torino 1993
Le varianti e la storia. Il Canzoniere di Francesco Petrarca, con due interventi di Giovanni Giudici e Alessandro Pancheri, Lezione Sapegno 1999, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 1999
Ritorno alla critica, Einaudi, Torino 2001
Tempo di bilanci. La fine del Novecento, Einaudi, Torino 2005
I segni e la critica. Fra strutturalismo e semiologia. Con una nuova introduzione, Einaudi, Torino 2008 (updated reprint with a new introduction)
Dieci prove di fantasia, Einaudi, Torino 2010
Critica e critici (Torino: Einaudi, 2012)
Opera critica (Milano: Mondadori, 2014)

In 1999 he published an autobiography, Per curiosità. Una specie di autobiografia (Einaudi).

A bibliography of his writings has been published in 2009:
Bibliografia degli scritti di Cesare Segre a cura di Alberto Conte (Firenze: Sismel)

Prizes
 The Feltrinelli Prize
 The Grinzane Cavour Prize for Essay

References

External links

Institute for Advanced Studies of Pavia, IUSS
Texts and Textual Traditions Research Centre, Pavia
Juan Paredes. "Cesare Segre (1928-2014)", in: Asociación Hispánica de Literatura Medieval. Miembros de Honor

1928 births
2014 deaths
People from Verzuolo
20th-century Italian Jews
Linguists from Italy
Italian literary critics
Italian male non-fiction writers
Italian semioticians
Academic staff of the University of Pavia
Presidents of the International Association for Semiotic Studies


Henry Stephen Fox (22 September 1791 – 13 October 1846) was a British diplomat.

Life
Born in Chatham, the only son of General Henry Edward Fox (1755–1811), Henry was educated at Eton College. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in 1809.

Fox's wit, charm, love of gambling (shared by his uncle Charles James Fox) and manners made him popular in fashionable circles. He also shared his uncle's Whig views and served as attaché with the mission to the Sicilian court (1814–1818) and then with the French mission (1818–1824). In the latter he was arrested for debt and only the French government's intervention got him released. He next served as secretary of legation at Turin (1824), chargé d'affaires at Turin (1824–25), secretary of the legation at Naples (1826–27) and chargé d'affaires at Naples (1827–28).

He was gazetted secretary of legation at Vienna in 1828, but refused this appointment to become first minister-plenipotentiary and envoy-extraordinary at Buenos Aires then Rio de Janeiro (with the civil war delaying his departure until 1831). He was there from 1831 to 1836, when he moved to be British ambassador to the United States of America, in the midst of disputes over slavery and Canada that seemed likely to lead to war.  Fox did not enjoy his American posting and became more and more reclusive (though he did take up botanical collecting), but he still objected to Robert Peel's government sending Lord Ashburton to settle the north-eastern boundary dispute over Fox's head. He was retired from the post in 1843 to clear the way to a successful treaty to solve the Oregon dispute. He stayed on in Washington, where he died from a drug overdose in 1846 and was buried in the Congressional Cemetery, passing his botanical collection to his nephew Sir Charles James Fox Bunbury.

References

External links

1791 births
1846 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the United States
Drug-related deaths in Washington (state)
People from Chatham, Kent
Burials at the Congressional Cemetery
Henry Stephen


Zain al-Din Muhammad Abdul Hady () (born 1 December 1956) is an Egyptian researcher, novelist and writer.

Life
His mother Zainab was the only daughter of a fisherman from Port Said. His father worked for Al Ahram newspaper in Cairo from 1969 to 1993. Zain is the eldest of six brothers.

In 1979, Abdul Hady obtained his B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) from the Department of Libraries and Information Science, the Faculty of Arts at Cairo University, with general mention very good. In 1995, he obtained his master's degree from the same department in the field of information science, the thesis of his master was titled Expert systems for reference services in IDSC Library. In 1998, he obtained his PhD degree in the field of information science; the thesis was titled The online databases industry in Egypt.

Dr. Abdul Hady holds the academic rank of Professor, and he chaired as Head of the Department of Libraries and Information science in the Faculty of Arts, Helwan University, in Cairo. He also held the post of the Information and System Development Consultant at the Arab Administrative Development Organization from 2005 until October 2008, and between May 2011 and May 2012 worked as chairman of public authority of the Egyptian National Library and Archives.

Works

Scientific publications
 Computer in School Library, 1993. (Arabic: الحاسوب في المكتبات المدرسية).
 Automatic Systems in Libraries, 1995. (Arabic: النظم الآلية في المكتبات).
 The Internet; The World at your Monitor, 1995. (Arabic: الإنترنت؛ العالم على شاشة الكمبيوتر)
 Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems in Libraries. (Arabic: الذكاء الاصطناعي والنظم الخبيرة في المكتبات).
 Library Information Sources on The World Wide Web, 2001.(Arabic: مصادر معلومات المكتبات على شبكة الإنترنت).
 Modern Educational and Technological Developments in School Library, 2003. (Arabic:التطورات التربوية والتكنولوجية الحديثة في المكتبات المدرسية)
 The Industry of Information Services, 2004. (Arabic: صناعة خدمات المعلومات).
 Internet Search Engines, 2006. (Arabic: محركات البحث على الإنترنت).
 Metadata, 2006. (Arabic: الميتاداتا).
 Information and Communication Technology in Parliamentary Context – An Instructive Handbook, 2006. (Arabic: تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات في السياق البرلماني – دليل استرشادى).

Fiction

Novels

 The Seasons, (1995). (Arabic: Al-Mawasem المواسم).
 Ripping off Rags,(2005). (Arabic: Al-Tasaheel fee Naz' el-Halaheel التساهيل في نزع الهلاهيل)
 Mice Euphoria, (2006). (Arabic: Marah al-Fe'ran مرح الفئران)
 Apollo's Blood, (2008). (Arabic): Dima' Apollo دماء أبوللو)
 Palace of Nile Lion, (March 2011). (Arabic): Asad Kasr ElNil أسد قصر النيل)

Short Stories

From 1986 until the present time, Dr. Abdul Hady has published around 35 short stories in Egyptian literary magazines and Arabic newspapers.

References

 http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/future-dar-al-kotob-qa-zain-abdul-hady
 http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentPrint/18/0/42024/Books/0/Egypts-National-Library-and-Archives-sees-protest-.aspx
 http://25online.tv/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1391%3A2011-12-19-13-21-30&catid=2%3Anews-ticker&Itemid=39&lang=en

Egyptian journalists
Egyptian novelists
Egyptian male short story writers
Egyptian short story writers
Egyptian Muslims
1956 births
Living people
Cairo University alumni
Academic staff of Helwan University


Albert Aeschmann (born 20 August 1900; date of death unknown) was a Swiss weightlifter who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics, in the 1928 Summer Olympics, and in the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1924 he finished fifth in the middleweight class. Four years later he finished fourth in the lightweight class at the 1928 Games. At the 1936 Olympics he finished 13th in the middleweight class.

References

External links
Albert Aeschmann's profile at Sports Reference.com

1900 births
Year of death missing
Swiss male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for Switzerland
Weightlifters at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 1936 Summer Olympics
World record setters in weightlifting


A disc lock is a portable security device for motorcycles and scooters. Disc-locks use the holes in a motorcycle's or scooter's brake disc. A locking pin passes through the hole in the brake disc and locks to the other side of the lock, using either a pushdown-and-click locking mechanism or a more robust double-locking mechanism. When in place, the disc-lock discourages theft by blocking the vehicle from being moved in either forward or reverse direction.

Motorcycle technology


William Henry "Will" Houghton (June 28, 1887 – June 14, 1947) was an evangelist and the fourth president of Moody Bible Institute, in Chicago. Biographer Wilbur Smith said of him: "Two primary passions possessed the soul of Will H. Houghton: From the beginning of his ministry to the end… evangelism, and the study of the word of God." Houghton was known for his fundamentalist Christianity.

Biographical details
William was born in South Boston, Massachusetts, to John William Houghton and Carrie Maude Grant of Nova Scotia, Canada. William Houghton was converted to Christianity at age 14, during an evangelistic meeting in Lynn, Massachusetts. In June 1914, Houghton married Adelaide Franks and they had two children, Adelaide Maude and Everett Arthur. Adelaide Franks Houghton died two years later, and William Houghton remarried in December 1918 to Elizabeth Andrews. On December 8, 1919, they had a son, Firman Andrews. William Houghton, himself, died of a heart attack in 1947, while still president of MBI.

Education
Initially interested in theatre and active in the Vaudeville Circuit, Houghton became convinced in 1909 to give up drama and, instead, enrolled at the Pentecostal Collegiate Institute, in North Scituate, Rhode Island, but soon left without finishing. He was later awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree, in 1931, by Wheaton College and an honorary Doctor of Law degree by Bob Jones University, in 1942.

Ministry
Houghton took his first pastorate at the First Baptist Church of Canton, Pennsylvania, in 1915. After two years, Houghton left to pursue evangelistic work throughout New York and Pennsylvania. After a series of revivalistic meetings at a Baptist church in New Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, in the spring of 1918, he accepted their offer of the pastorate and stayed until he took a new pastorate at the First Baptist Church of Norristown, Pennsylvania, in the fall of 1920. Houghton then pastored at the First Baptist Tabernacle of Atlanta, from 1925 to 1928, and the Calvary Baptist Church in New York City, the headquarters of the New York Youth Christian Center, from 1930 to 1934. In 1932, he founded the New York Summer School of Theology.

MBI presidency
In 1934, James M. Gray, then-president of Moody Bible Institute, visited Calvary Baptist and, impressed with Houghton, offered the evangelist the presidency of the institute. The MBI Board of Trustees extended an official offer on August 16, 1934, and Houghton succeeded Gray on November 1, 1934. Houghton was president at MBI for 12 years. During his first 11 years, enrollment increased 70 percent. He also directed the "D.L. Moody Centenary Celebration" that was held on February 5, 1937, and oversaw construction of a 12-story administrative building at 820 North LaSalle Boulevard, which was dedicated on February 4, 1939 (renamed Crowell Hall in 1945). In addition to having WMBI radio begin broadcasting regularly, Houghton established fundamentalist chain radio broadcasts and the Moody Institute of Science. In 1950, the Institute named a nine-story women's dormitory Houghton Hall after William Henry Houghton.

Published works
Houghton, William H. Back to the Bible: Let's Go Back to the Bible. New York: Fleming H. Revell Co., c1940.
. The Living Christ and Other Gospel Messages. Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, c1936.
. Problems of Youth: How Shall I Live, Think, Love? New York: Calvary Baptist Church, N.d.
. Rhymes from a City Tower. Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, c1940.
. Star and Sceptre. Chicago: Bible Institute Colportage Association, c1935.
Houghton, William H. and Chas. T. Cook. Tell Me about Moody. Chicago: The Bible Institute Colportage Association, c1937.

References

Sources
Leuschner, Martin. "Meet the President." Baptist Standard (1 July 1935): 195 - 7.
Smith, Wilbur. "The Man Who Built on the Bible." Moody Monthly 48 (June 1948): 715 - 6, 730, 768 - 9.
. Will H. Houghton: A Watchman on the Wall. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1951.
Stewart, Ralph. "Will H. Houghton: An Appreciation, Voicing the Feelings of the Members of the Baptist Tabernacle." Tabernacle Tidings (16 December 1928): 1 - 2.
Wertheim, E. L. "Dr. Houghton to Become President of Moody." Western Recorder 108, no. 38 (20 September 1934): 4.
Whitesell, Faris D. "Will H. Houghton, the Polished Personal Worker." The Sunday School Times (7 August 1954): 643 - 4.

1887 births
1947 deaths
Eastern Nazarene College alumni
Heads of universities and colleges in the United States
Clergy from Boston
Moody Bible Institute people
Converts to Christianity
Wheaton College (Illinois) alumni
People from South Boston
20th-century Baptist ministers from the United States
20th-century American academics


Anne Wales Abbott or, Abbot (April 10, 1808 – June 1, 1908) was a game designer, magazine editor, literary reviewer, and author.

Life
Abbott was born on 10 April 1808, the daughter of Reverend Abiel Abbott, a Beverly, Massachusetts, clergyman, and Eunice Abbott.

Abbott designed the hugely popular card game Dr. Busby, which was published by W. & S. B. Ives of Salem, Massachusetts, on March 7, 1843. It sold 15,000 copies in its first eighteen months.

Abbott authored her second game The Game of the Races which was sold in Salem, Mass. through J. P. Jewett on January 13, 1844. The Game of the Races was not published by W. & S. B. Ives as it is not advertised with other published W. & S. B. Ives games in her book, DOCTOR BUSBY AND HIS NEIGHBORS which was typeset by November 24, 1844 but not released for sale until December 28, 1844.

She released her third game Master Rodbury, on September 14, 1844. This time she again used W. & S. B. Ives as the publisher.

Abbott published her first book, WILLIE ROGERS sometime before November 24, 1844, quickly followed by her second book, DOCTOR BUSBY AND HIS NEIGHBORS on December 28, 1844.

Before 1991 Anne Wales Abbott was credited for authoring The Mansion of Happiness board game which was released by W. & S. B. Ives on November 24, 1843 or 1832. The Mansion of Happiness was originally released in England in 1800, and authored by George W. M. Fox. She may have collaborated with S. B. (Stephen Bradshaw) Ives, but neither Anne nor Stephen, authored the W. & S. B. Ives published version which was an almost exact copy of the English game.

Before 1992 Abbott was credited for authoring the extremely long-lasting card game of Authors which was published in 1861 by A. Augustus Smith of G. M. Whipple and A. A. Smith. They were also publishers in Salem, Mass. but the publishing house was one block away from the original W. & S. B. Ives bookstore at 230 Essex Street. That bookstore and publishing house, 232 Essex Street were now owned by Henry P. Ives, S. B. Ives's son. Actually, the game of Authors was invented by "a coterie of bright young ladies" of Salem and presented by a gentleman to A. Augustus Smith for publication. By 1861, Anne Abbott would have been in her fifties, not fitting the description of the designers of Authors.

Abbott died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on 1 June 1908.

References

External links

 Complete text of Abbot's Autumn Leaves: Original Pieces in Prose and Verse.
 BoardGameGeek: Dr. Busby

1808 births
1908 deaths
American centenarians
Board game designers
Writers from Massachusetts
American game designers
Women centenarians


Klark Teknik is a company that designs and develops professional signal processing and audio equipment. Located in Kidderminster, Worcestershire, UK, the company was founded in 1974 by brothers Terence and Phillip Clarke. It developed a number of new types of equipment in the audio field, winning a Queen's Awards for Enterprise in 1986. It is now owned by Music Tribe.

History

Precursors
In 1971, the brothers were running a company known as “Klark Equipment”, producing garage forecourt equipment: vending style vacuum cleaners, space heaters and other similar products.

Phillip was the entrepreneur having previously run a clothing business in Australia.  Terry was the engineer: he had worked for Decca and was also an active local musician. With this background, the company soon branched into professional audio, at first upgrading and customising Decca multi-track tape recorders and later producing a very high quality ¼ inch 2-track tape machine of their own, the SM2. This tape machine was sold to the BBC and independent broadcasting companies under the brand name “Teknik”.

Terry also started to develop signal processing hardware including compressor/limiters and small graphic equalisers. These were produced in very low quantities and sold to (mostly local) recording studios to complement the relatively simple audio mixing console of the day. The graphic equalisers developed during 1973 onwards were called Teknik 7S and 9S, with seven and nine bands respectively, plus a stereo 11+11S with eleven bands of EQ.

Klark Teknik
In 1974 the brand name “Klark Teknik” came into being. 1976 saw the first KT product produced in real volume, the DN27 (later DN27A and previously DN27S). Approximately 6500 units shipped between 1977 and 1985.

In 1980 the company moved to its current purpose built premises at Walter Nash Road, Kidderminster. Up until this point the business had been run out of an old Nissen hut in a back corner of the Summerfield MOD solid fuel rocket motor factory with only 15 employees.

Klark Teknik PLC was formed in 1985. In the following year Klark Teknik acquired the Hounslow-based studio mixing company DDA and subsequently moved the manufacturing to Kidderminster.  The company further diversified by developing active studio monitors under the brand “Klark Acoustic”, winning a Queen's Award for export. It also launched the DN772, a seven-second profanity delay with innovative time re-setting technology without pitch shifting artefacts, which featured in the BBC programme Tomorrow's World.

Subsequent mergers
Klark Teknik purchased Midas Audio Systems Ltd in 1987.  In 1992, the Clarke brothers sold Klark Teknik Group to Mark IV Audio. Two years later, Terry Clarke went on to set up MC2 Audio Ltd with co-founder Ian McCarthy, producing high quality power amplifiers for the commercial market.

In 1998, Mark IV Audio sold their holdings of EVI Audio (owners of Klark Teknik) and Telex Communications to venture capitalists Greenwich Street Partners, who merged the companies into a single corporation called Telex Communications. On 1 September 2006, Greenwich sold Telex Communications to the Bosch Group. In December 2009, Midas and Klark Teknik were acquired by Music Group, a holding company chaired by Uli Behringer. The parent company has since been rebranded as Music Tribe.

Products
Klark Teknik landmark products:
 DN27 Graphic equaliser (1976)
 DN36 Stereo Analogue Time Processor (1977)
 DN70 Digital Time Processor (1979)
 DN60 the world's first rackable spectrum analyser (1980)
 DN700 the first high-quality digital delay line (1983)
 DN360 dual graphic equaliser (1984)
 DN780 digital reverb unit (1985)
 DN1248 active microphone splitter (2000)
 DN9848 speaker processor (2000)
 Square ONE range (2005)

References

External links
 Midas Website
 Klark Teknik Website
 DDA Website

Audio engineering
1974 establishments in the United Kingdom
Audio equipment manufacturers of the United Kingdom


Edmond Paul Philion (born March 27, 1970) is the former defensive line coach of the Saskatchewan Roughriders.  A former Canadian Football League defensive tackle who played eight seasons for the Montreal Alouettes, he won the 90th Grey Cup in 2002 and was an East Division All-Star from 2003 through 2006.  Philion was a hockey player for the Essex 73's Jr.C. team in the mid-1980s.

Philion was the defensive line coach for the Toronto Argonauts in 2013, and then for the Edmonton Eskimos from 2014 to 2015.  He became the DL coach of the Edmonton Eskimos in January 2014.

References

1970 births
Living people
Buffalo Bills players
Canadian football defensive linemen
Canadian Football League announcers
Edmonton Elks coaches
Ferris State Bulldogs football players
Montreal Alouettes players
Players of Canadian football from Ontario
Rhein Fire players
Canadian football people from Windsor, Ontario
Players of American football from Ontario


Barbara J. Spencer is an Australian-Canadian economist.

Spencer received her Bachelor of Economics in 1967 at Australian National University, her Masters of Economics in 1970 at Monash University, and her Ph.D. in 1979 at Carnegie Mellon University. Since 1985 she has been a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research and, since 1988, she has been the Asia Pacific Professor in Trade Policy at the University of British Columbia. Her research interests include international trade theory and policy, industrial organization, international business, business and government, as well as intermediate microeconomics.

From 2004 to 2005 she was President of the Canadian Economics Association.

Her 1985 paper with fellow Canadian economist James Brander titled Export Subsidies and International Market Share Rivalry, which introduced the Brander-Spencer Model of International Trade was the most cited paper in The Journal of International Economics since its inception in 1971.

Notes

External links
 Barbara Spencer at the Sauder School of Business
 Spencer, Barbara J. at isiknowledge.com

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Australian academics
Academic staff of the University of British Columbia
Canadian economists
Canadian women economists


Ed Mann is a musician who has been "a drummer and piano dabbler since childhood." He is best known for his mallet percussion performances onstage with Frank Zappa's ensemble from 1977 to 1988, and his appearances on over 30 of Zappa's albums, both studio recordings and with Zappa's band live.  Mann also has released a number of CDs as a bandleader and composer.

Career

Mann formed a band with Tommy Mars in mid 1973. By the end of that year he was studying with John Bergamo at CalArts. In 1977 Frank Zappa asked Bergamo to do some overdubbing on the Zappa In New York album and Bergamo in turn recommended Mann.

A few months later Ruth Underwood told Mann that Zappa was looking for a second keyboard player. When Mann called to recommend Tommy Mars ("At midnight, the only time when you could reach Frank by phone"), Zappa invited him to come to his house. Mann went to the house, where Terry Bozzio, Patrick O'Hearn, and Adrian Belew were jamming with Zappa. By 2:00am Ed was in the band. Mann later commented: "It took a few days for that all to sink in."

Mann can be heard playing gongs on J21's Yellow Mind:Blue Mind album.

Until mid-2014 Mann was a member of The Band From Utopia which has featured many Zappa alumni such as Robert Martin, Chad Wackerman, Albert Wing, Tom Fowler, Ray White and Ralph Humphrey over the years. In 2008, Ed Mann toured with Project Object and sat in with Agent Moosehead at the New York Harvest Festival and Freedom Rally. In 2013 Mann began performing on percussion and electronics with The Z3, an organ, guitar and drums trio that adapts Zappa music to the Hammond organ-centered jazz-funk tradition. Mann played on The White Album and did a virtuoso performance on the song 'Apple A Day.'  Mann played on two of David Arvedon's albums.

Mann joined Northeast blugrasstafarian jamband Desert Rain for their set at the Wormtown Music Festival in the fall of 2015.  Since then he has been joining the group at clubs throughout the Northeast.

In July 2016 Mann joined Mike Dillon for three dates of Dillon's northeast US tour.

Discography with Zappa

 Zappa in New York (Frank Zappa, 1978)
 Sheik Yerbouti (Frank Zappa, 1979)
 Joe's Garage Act I (Zappa, 1979)
 Joe's Garage Acts II & III (Zappa, 1979)
 Tinseltown Rebellion (Frank Zappa, 1981)
 Shut Up 'N Play Yer Guitar (Zappa, 1981)
 You Are What You Is (Zappa, 1981)
 Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch (Zappa, 1982)
 The Man From Utopia (Zappa, 1983)
 Baby Snakes (Frank Zappa, 1983)
 London Symphony Orchestra, Vol. 1 (Zappa, 1983)
 Them or Us (Zappa, 1984)
 Thing-Fish (Zappa, 1984)
 Frank Zappa Meets the Mothers of Prevention (Frank Zappa, 1985)
 Jazz from Hell (Frank Zappa, 1986)
 London Symphony Orchestra, Vol. 2 (Zappa, 1987)
 Guitar (Frank Zappa, 1988)
 You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 1 (Zappa, 1988)
 Broadway the Hard Way (Frank Zappa)
 You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 3 (Zappa, 1989)
 The Best Band You Never Heard in Your Life (Frank Zappa, 1991)
 Make a Jazz Noise Here (Frank Zappa, 1991)
 You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 4 (Zappa, 1991)
 You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 5 (Zappa, 1992)
 You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 6 (Zappa, 1992)
 Frank Zappa Plays the Music of Frank Zappa: A Memorial Tribute (Frank Zappa, 1996)
 Halloween (Frank Zappa – Audio DVD, 2003)
 QuAUDIOPHILIAc (Zappa – kvadrofon Audio DVD, 2004)
 Trance-Fusion (Zappa Records 2006)
 The Dub Room Special (CD, Zappa Records, 2007)
 One Shot Deal (Zappa Records ZR 20006, 2008)
 Hammersmith Odeon (album) (Zappa, 2010)

Mann performances can be seen in the Zappa films Baby Snakes, Dub Room Special & Video From Hell.

Solo discography
 Get Up (1988)
 Perfect World (1991)
 Global Warming (1994)
 Have No Fear (1997)
 (((GONG))) Sound Of Being (1998)

References

Sources

Ed Mann Discography of CDs  at cduniverse.com
Perfect World Cutout at amazon.com

Living people
American rock drummers
American rock keyboardists
American people of German descent
1954 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
20th-century American drummers
American male drummers
20th-century American male musicians


In the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy role-playing game, rule books contain all the elements of playing the game: rules to the game, how to play, options for gameplay, stat blocks and lore of monsters, and tables the Dungeon Master or player would roll dice for to add more of a random effect to the game. Options for gameplay mostly involve player options, like race, class, archetype, and background. Other options could be player equipment like weapons, tools, armor, and miscellaneous items that can be useful.

This list is sorted by the edition of the game that they appeared in and excludes books designed for use as premade adventures.

Original Dungeons & Dragons

Basic Dungeons & Dragons
The Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set was the successor to original Dungeons & Dragons and was released while TSR, Inc. was working on the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons set. This set was the beginning of the split into two separate games, driven by disagreements on the direction the game should take. The Basic set retained the simplicity and flexibility of the original game while Gary Gygax took Advanced Dungeons & Dragons in a more structured and complicated direction.

Initially it was expected that players would start using Basic edition and then graduate to Advanced Dungeons & Dragons. However, in 1981 the Basic Set underwent a complete revision and not long after this the Expert Set was released for the first time. All references to a progression from the Basic Set to Advanced Dungeons & Dragons were removed from the games and supplements as TSR, Inc. made clear that the expected progression was from the Basic Set to the Expert Set.  From this point the D&D dichotomy became fixed and the Basic/Expert pair were considered a completely separate game from Advanced Dungeons & Dragons.

Core products

Campaign settings

Supplemental rules

Other products

Starter sets

Advanced Dungeons & Dragons
Advanced Dungeons & Dragons (AD&D) greatly expanded upon the rules and settings of the original D&D game when it was released in 1977.  As such, this edition saw the publication of numerous books to assist players. The naming of the core books in this edition became the standard for all later editions.

Around 1983, all previous hardcover releases (except Fiend Folio) including Monster Manual, Players Handbook, Dungeon Masters Guide and Deities & Demigods were upgraded with new cover art and unified with orange spines as trade dress. This included only minimal text change such as removal of rape references in Dungeon Masters Guide (books are now labeled "ages 10 and up"). Monster Manual II and the rest of the series followed the same format. By the end of its first decade, Advanced Dungeons & Dragons line had expanded to a library of 14 hardcover rulebooks, including three books of monsters, and two books governing character skills in wilderness and underground settings.

Core rules

Supplemental rules

Monsters and NPC

Campaign settings

Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd edition
In 1989, Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd edition was published. Initially, the second edition would consolidate the game, with two essential hardcovers and a 3-ring monster document binder that Dungeon Masters can sort contents as they wish. Periodically, TSR published 3 lines of optional rulebooks (PHBR/DMGR/HR) and additional monster compendium to enhance game play.

However, by popular demand TSR released a hardcover monster book in 1993. Also by 1995, with power creep from optional classes and races becoming prominent, they were forced to abandon their original plan and revise the entire line. Core rules were rewritten, reorganized and accompanied with new logo, new art and black bordered cover style but had only a few meaningful rule changes. Optional rules were also revised and reorganized in hardcover books in the same look.

Core rules

Supplemental rules

General supplemental rules

Dungeon Master's Guide rules supplements series

Player's Handbook rules supplements series

Historical Reference series

Monsters and NPCs

Spells and magic items

Campaign settings

Other products

Starter sets

Dungeons & Dragons 3rd edition and v3.5
A major revision of the AD&D rules was released in 2000. As the Basic game had been discontinued some years earlier, and the more straightforward title was more marketable, the word "Advanced" was dropped and the new edition was called just Dungeons & Dragons, but was still officially referred to as 3rd edition (or 3E for short).

This edition was the first to be released by Wizards of the Coast after their acquisition of the company, as well as the first to allow third-party companies to make supplemental materials by use of the Open Game License. A series of Map Folios were also produced.

In July 2003, a revised version of the 3rd edition D&D rules (termed version 3.5) was released that incorporated numerous rule changes, as well as expanding the Dungeon Master's Guide and Monster Manual.

Core rules

Supplemental rules

General supplemental rules

Environment series

Guidebooks

Class and race options

Monsters and NPCs

Spells and items

Campaign settings

Other products

Starter sets

Dungeons & Dragons 4th edition
The books from the "main" product line of 4th Edition are split into Core Rules and Supplement books. Unlike third edition of Dungeons & Dragons, which had the core rulebooks released in monthly installments, the 4th editions of the Player's Handbook, Monster Manual, and Dungeon Master's Guide were all released in June 2008.

In addition, beginning in September 2010 the stand-alone Essentials product line was released, aiming at novice players.

Preview releases

Core rules

Supplemental rules

Class and race options

Monsters and NPCs

Campaign settings

Other products

Starter sets

Essentials products

Dungeons & Dragons 5th edition
Initially promoted in playtest materials as Dungeons & Dragons Next, the fifth edition of Dungeons & Dragons was released in a staggered fashion through the second half of 2014. Unlike previous editions, this edition of the game was developed partly via a public open playtest. An early build of the new edition debuted at the 2012 Dungeons & Dragons Experience event to about 500 fans. Public playtesting began on May 24, 2012, with the final playtest packet released on September 20, 2013.
D&D Next preview and edition-free releases

Core rules

The 5th edition's Basic Rules, a free PDF containing complete rules for play and a subset of the player and DM content from the core rulebooks, was released on July 3, 2014. The basic rules have continued to be updated since then to incorporate errata for the corresponding portions of the Player's Handbook and combine the Player's Basic Rules and Dungeon Master's Basic Rules into a single document.

Public playtests have continued through the Unearthed Arcana series, which is published for free online in PDF format.

Supplemental rules

Campaign settings

Other products

Adventures

Boxed sets

Digital, PDF and print on demand (POD) releases

Notes

References

Dungeons & Dragons lists

Lists of non-fiction books
Role-playing game-related lists


Charles-Alexandre (Alexandre-Charles) Fessy (October 18, 1804November 30, 1856) was a French organist and composer. He entered the Paris Conservatory in 1813 studying harmony and piano. He later joined the organ class of Benoist and won first prize in organ in 1826. He was organist of the small organ in l'Assomption before becoming the first organist of la Madeleine in 1846. The following year he exchanged position with Lefébure-Wély the organist of Saint-Roch. Fessy stayed at Saint-Roch until his death in 1856. Apart from being an organist he also served as the conductor of the 5th Legion of the National Guard in Paris.

Works
Pièces pour orgue (Éditions Musicales Chanvrelin 1995)
Offertoire
Choeur de Clairon
Grand Choeur
Les Jeux de Fonds
Fugue
Boléro

Scores

For listening
 at the Rieger-Kloss organ in St-Nicolas church, Tallinn, Estonia.

References

1804 births
1856 deaths
French classical organists
French male organists
19th-century classical musicians
19th-century French male musicians
Male classical organists
19th-century organists


The 84th Flying Training Squadron was part of the United States Air Force 47th Flying Training Wing based at Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas. It operated Beechcraft T-6 Texan II aircraft conducting flight training.

History

World War II
The squadron was activated in 1942, as the 84th Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor). Soon after its activation the US Army transferred the squadron to England where it lost a majority of its pilots and planes to the American war effort in North Africa. During the war the 84th flew missions ranging from bomber escort, ground attack, counter-air, and close air support.

In April 1943, the unit was involved in its first combat mission in North Africa. In June 1944, the 84th supported the Allied landings at Normandy and directly contributed to the breakthrough at Saint-Lô in July 1944. In September 1944, the squadron contributed to the Allied victory in the Arnhem-Nijmegen airborne landings; notably, they suppressed numerous ground positions during the airborne assault and were credited with saving scores of American and British troop transports. For this action the 84th received the Distinguished Unit Citation.

In December 1944 the 84th began flying the North American P-51 Mustang. They used their new plane very successfully and on 10 April destroyed 58 aircraft on the ground earning the 84th its second Distinguished Unit Citation. In April 1945 the 84th flew its last combat mission escorting British bombers on their way to Hitler's "Eagles Nest". The squadron completed three years overseas and was credited with 260 Luftwaffe aircraft destroyed.

Air Defense Command

The 84th served as part of the occupation forces until it transferred to the United States in June 1947, where it eventually assumed an air defense mission. Assigned to Air Defense Command and again equipped with Mustangs at Hamilton Air Force Base, California with a mission for the air defense of San Francisco and the Bay Area. It was upgraded to Republic F-84D Thunderjet jet aircraft in 1949, and equipped with first-generation Northrop F-89B Scorpions in 1951. During the 1950s the 84th FIS operated both the Lockheed F-94B and F-94C Starfire aircraft as well as 4 versions of the Northrop F-89 Scorpion (B,D,H,J variants). In 1960 it received the new McDonnell F-101B Voodoo supersonic interceptor, and the F-101F operational and conversion trainer. The two-seat trainer version was equipped with dual controls, but carried the same armament as the F-101B and were fully combat-capable.

On 22 October 1962, before President John F. Kennedy told Americans that missiles were in place in Cuba, the squadron dispersed one third of its force, equipped with nuclear tipped missiles to Kingsley Field at the start of the Cuban Missile Crisis. These planes returned to Hamilton after the crisis. Although the number of ADC interceptor squadrons remained almost constant in the early 1960s, attrition (and the fact that production lines closed in 1961) caused a gradual drop in the number of planes assigned to a squadron, from 24 to typically 18 by 1964. To make up for attrition of F-101s, ADC inactivated the 83d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at Hamilton. Six of these aircraft were retained at Hamilton and the 84th's strength went from 18 to 24 aircraft

In 1966, F-101s were featured in the film The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming. The F-101Bs were transferred to the Air National Guard and 1968 and replaced by Convair F-106 Delta Darts.

It moved to Castle Air Force Base, California in 1973 as part of the shutdown of Hamilton. It was inactivated in 1981 as the interceptor mission was being transferred to the Air National Guard.

Tactical Air Command
In July 1981 the squadron was redesignated the 84th Fighter Interceptor Training Squadron and received a fleet of Lockheed T-33 T-Birds to train in, specializing in electronic counter-countermeasures training. It participated in live flying exercises as targets for various air divisions and for the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagles of the 49th Tactical Fighter Wing. The squadron also flew target missions for the weapons controller training program until early 1987 when it was inactivated.

Modern era
In April 1990 the squadron was resurrected to meet the increased demand for pilots. The 84th was designated a Flying Training Squadron and joined the 85th Flying Training Squadron in training pilots in the Cessna T-37 Tweet at Laughlin Air Force Base. Again yielding to changes in pilot production the squadron was inactivated in October 1992. In 1998 pilot production increased again and the 84th was reactivated on 1 October 1998.

After 14 more years of service, the 84th FTS was inactivated and replaced by the 434th Flying Training Squadron in 2012.

Lineage
 Constituted as the 84th Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor) on 13 January 1942
 Activated on 9 February 1942
 Redesignated 84th Pursuit Squadron (Interceptor) (Twin Engine) on 22 April 1942
 Redesignated 84th Fighter Squadron (Twin Engine) on 15 May 1942
 Redesignated 84th Fighter Squadron on 1 March 1943
 Redesignated 84th Fighter Squadron, Single Engine on 21 August 1944
 Inactivated on 18 October 1945
 Activated on 20 August 1946
 Redesignated 84th Fighter Squadron, Jet on 24 September 1948
 Redesignated 84th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 20 January 1950
 Redesignated 84th Fighter Interceptor Training Squadron on 1 July 1981
 Inactivated on 27 February 1987
 Redesignated 84th Flying Training Squadron on 9 February 1990
 Activated on 2 April 1990
 Inactivated on 1 October 1992
 Activated on 1 October 1998
 Inactivated 24 August 2012

Assignments
 78th Pursuit Group (later 78th Fighter Group), 9 February 1942 – 18 October 1945
 78th Fighter Group (later 78th Fighter-Interceptor Group), 20 August 1946
 4702d Defense Wing, 6 February 1952
 28th Air Division, 7 November 1952
 566th Air Defense Group, 16 February 1953
 78th Fighter Group, 18 August 1955
 78th Fighter Wing, 1 February 1961
 1st Fighter Wing, 31 December 1969
 26th Air Division, 1 October 1970 – 27 February 1987
 47th Flying Training Wing, 2 April 1990
 47th Operations Group, 15 December 1991 – 1 October 1992
 47th Operations Group, 1 October 1998 – 24 August 2012

Stations

 Baer Field, Indiana, 9 February 1942
 Muroc Army Air Field, California, 30 April 1942
 Oakland Airport, California, 11 May 1942
 Hamilton Field, California, 4 November 1942 – 10 November 1942
 RAF Goxhill (AAF-345), England, 1 December 1942
 RAF Duxford (AAF-357), England, 1 April 1943 – 11 October 1945

 Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, 16 October 1945 – 18 October 1945
 AAF Station Straubing, Germany, 20 August 1946 – 25 June 1947
 Mitchel Field, New York, 25 June 1947
 Hamilton Air Force Base, California, 24 November 1948
 Castle Air Force Base, California, 1 September 1973 – 27 February 1987
 Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas, 2 April 1990 – 1 October 1992
 Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas, 1 October 1998 – 24 August 2012

Aircraft

 Lockheed P-38 Lightning (1942–1943)
 Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (1943–1944)
 North American P-51 Mustang (1944–1945, 1949–1951)
 Republic F-84D Thunderjet (1949–1951)
 North American F-89B Scorpion (1951–1953)
 Lockheed F-94B Starfire, (1953)
 Lockheed F-94C Starfire, (1953–1956)
 Northrop F-89D Scorpion, (1956–1957)
 Northrop F-89J Scorpion, (1957–1959)
 McDonnell F-101B Voodoo (1959–1968)
 Convair F-106 Delta Dart (1968–1981)
 Lockheed T-33 T-Bird (1981–1987)
 Cessna T-37 Tweet (1990–1992, 1998–2003)
 Beechcraft T-6 Texan II (2002–2012)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 McMullen, Richard F. (1964) "The Fighter Interceptor Force 1962-1964" ADC Historical Study No. 27, Air Defense Command, Ent Air Force Base, CO (Confidential, declassified 22 March 2000)
 NORAD/CONAD Participation in the Cuban Missile Crisis, Historical Reference Paper No. 8, Directorate of Command History Continental Air Defense Command, Ent AFB, CO, 1 Feb 63 (Top Secret NOFORN declassified 9 March 1996)
 "ADCOM's Fighter Interceptor Squadrons". The Interceptor (January 1979) Aerospace Defense Command, (Volume 21, Number 1)

External links
 USAF 84th Flying Training Squadron History
 84th Flying Training Squadron Fact Sheet

0084


Wilhelm "Willi" Reinfrank (30 May 1903 – 1 January 1943) was a German weightlifter who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. He was born in Mannheim and died in the battle of Stalingrad. In 1928, he finished fifth in the lightweight class.

References

External links

1903 births
1943 deaths
Sportspeople from Mannheim
German male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for Germany
Weightlifters at the 1928 Summer Olympics
World record setters in weightlifting
German Army personnel killed in World War II
People from the Grand Duchy of Baden
Missing in action of World War II
Military personnel from Mannheim


The Gleaner Heights are a series of elevations extending for  southwest from Leslie Hill in the eastern part of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. They are separated from Leslie Hill by Elhovo Gap, and from Hemus Peak off the northwest extremity of Bowles Ridge by Gurev Gap. The feature is heavily glaciated, with a small rock exposure on its northwest slopes. Gleaner Heights surmount Saedinenie Snowfield to the northwest, Kaliakra Glacier to the east and Perunika Glacier to the southwest. The first ascent was by the Bulgarian Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 25 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 survey.

The heights were named by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee in 1958 after the American brig Gleaner from New Bedford, which was diverted to sealing in the South Shetland Islands in 1820–21.

Location
The summit of the heights rising to  is located at , which is  north by west of Mount Bowles,  northwest of Melnik Peak and  west-southwest of Leslie Hill. British mapping in 1968, and Bulgarian in 2005, 2009 and 2017).

See also
 Beroe Hill

Maps
 L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution). Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
 L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map.  Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009.
 L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017.
 Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
 A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov. Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:25000 map. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2023.

References

Landforms of Livingston Island


Mformation Software Technologies was a software company. Mformation was founded in 1999. Founder Dr. Rakesh Kushwaha was serving as the company's CTO. Kevin A. Wood  was the CEO. Mformation was a member of the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), which works to support, extend and improve the standards for remote device management. On 17 September 2015, Alcatel-Lucent  announced that it was acquiring Mformation for an undisclosed amount to strengthen its Customer Experience Management solution.

Locations
Mformation was headquartered in Woodbridge, New Jersey, with offices and subsidiaries around the globe including Bangalore, India.

Patent lawsuit
Mformation sued Research In Motion (RIM) in 2008, accusing it of infringement of two patents. In July 2012, jurors in federal court in San Francisco determined that RIM's software, which lets companies manage workers’ BlackBerry devices remotely, infringed Mformation’s patents.  RIM was found liable for $147.2 million in damages but judge overturned the ruling.

References

External links
Mformation Web site

Mobile device management
Software companies based in New Jersey
Software companies established in 1999
1999 establishments in New Jersey
Telecommunications companies established in 1999
Defunct software companies of the United States


Phaeostrymon alcestis, the soapberry hairstreak, is the only species of the gossamer-winged butterfly genus Phaeostrymon. It is found in southwestern United States and Mexico.

Eumaeini
Monotypic butterfly genera
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William J. Clench


Giuseppe Ferlito is an Italian film director. He was born on October 24, 1954, in the Sicilian town of Burgio.

Early career
In 1981, Ferlito attended the Workshop Theater of Vittorio Gassman which follows the course dramaturgy of Eduardo De Filippo, participating in the drafting of the text "Simpatia"" published by Einaudi.  In 1989 Ferlito directed the feature film Repercussion in video.  In 1989 Ferlito directed Backlash also a feature film in video.  "Special prize of the jury" and "Prize for the better masculine interpretation" at the 40th International Show of Montecatini.  "Gull of gold" for best feature film at the Festival of Bellaria.

Later career
In 1994 in Florence he founded the school of cinema Imagine, (La di Cinema Immagina) of which he is the artistic director and where he teaches acting, directing, screenplay and editing.  In 1998 it realizes in quality of producer the mediometraggio in 35 mm.

In 1997, he directed the short film Doppio Petto in Sicily. It was produced in association with Imagine and with the contribution of the Communes of Burgio and  Villafranca Sicula.  The film won awards at the National Competition FEDIC and the World Competition SOLE 1998 held in Austria.

In 1998 he directed the film Female, produced and distributed from Cecchi Channels Group, and starring Monica Guerritore and Roberto Farnesi.

In 2001 he directed the feature film Né terra né cielo, financed by the Italian Ministry of Cultural Assets. It was co-produced by Imagine Film Productions and Arbash.  This film also received awards at European Film Festivals.

In 2008 he directed La verità negli occhi starring Roberto Farnese and the pupils of the film drama school Imagine.

Films directed
1997 - Doppio Petto
1998 - Femmina
2000 - I Prigioni – medium length film –
2001 - Né terra né cielo
2003 - La mia squadra del cuore
2006 - Ritratti nella notte
2007 - Cobret" – medium length film –
2007 - Nero di Seppia – short –
2008 - Big bang Prodi – short –
2008 - La verità negli occhi – medium length film –
2015 - Infernet''

External links

Scuola di cinema "Immagina"- Sito ufficiale

Italian film directors
1954 births
Living people


Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves (17 December 1788 – 30 April 1864) was a German architect, civil engineer and urban planner. Born in Uslar, Lower Saxony, he lived and worked primarily in the city of Hanover and also died there. He was appointed Oberhofbaudirektor, "court master builder", in 1852. As the leading architect  of the Kingdom of Hanover for a career spanning 50 years, he had great influence on the urban development of this city. Alongside Karl Friedrich Schinkel in Berlin and Leo von Klenze in Munich, Laves was one of the most accomplished neoclassical style architects of Germany. As an engineer he developed a special iron truss lenticular or "fishbelly" beam bridge construction method, the so-called "Lavesbrücke". Laves found his final resting place in the Engesohde Cemetery (Engesohder Friedhof) in Hanover.

Among his most important works are:
 Full reconstruction of the Leineschloss (Leine Palace or Leine Castle), between 1816 and 1844 (severely damaged in World War II and again re-built by Dieter Oesterlen between 1957 and 1962).
 Hanover Opera House, home of the Staatsoper Hannover, built between 1845 and 1852 (severely damaged in World War II and re-built in 1948).
 Wangenheim palace for Count Georg von Wangenheim, built between 1829 and 1832.
 The facade of Herrenhausen Palace (Schloss Herrenhausen) in neoclassical style, about 1820/21 (destroyed in World War II and rebuilt in 2013).
 The Palmenhaus ("Palm-house"), a conservatory in the Berggarten built between 1846 and 1849 (destroyed in World War II). The building housed the most extensive and valuable collection of palms in Europe.
 The mausoleum for King Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover, and his consort Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz in the garden of the Chapel at Schloss Herrenhausen (the mausoleum today is situated in the Berggarten, part of the Herrenhausen Gardens), built between 1842 and 1847.
 Waterloo Square with Waterloo Column, built between 1826 and 1832.
 Some structures designed or remodeled in the landscape garden around the Derneburg Castle near Hildesheim, owned by Count Ernst zu Münster

Gallery

General references

1788 births
1864 deaths
19th-century German architects
People from Uslar
German neoclassical architects
Architects from Hanover


Douglas Thomas (born 1966) is an American scholar, researcher, and journalist.  He is Associate Professor at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California where he studies technology, communication, and culture.  He is author or editor of numerous books including Reading Nietzsche Rhetorically (Guilford, 1998), Cybercrime: Security and Surveillance in the Information Age (with Brian Loader, Routledge, 2000), Hacker Culture (University of Minnesota Press, 2002), and Technological Visions: The Hopes and Fears that Shape New Technologies (with Marita Sturken and Sandra Ball-Rokeach).  He has published numerous articles in academic journals and is the founding editor of Games and Culture: A Journal of Interactive Media.

In 1998 and 1999, he covered the case of Kevin Mitnick for Wired News.  On July 24, 2002, he testified before Congress on the topic of Cyber Terrorism and Critical Infrastructure Protection.

His research has been funded by the Annenberg Center for Communication, the Richard Lounsbery Foundation, and the MacArthur Foundation and has focused on the relationship between virtual worlds and civic engagement and digital media and learning.

His 2008 article co-authored with John Seely Brown, "The Gamer Disposition", was named a Harvard Business Review Breakthrough Idea of 2008, and also featured it on its Conversation Starter blog.

Thomas co-authored A New Culture of Learning: Cultivating the Imagination for a World of Constant Change which was translated into Turkish.

References

1966 births
Living people
American male journalists
University of Minnesota alumni
University of Southern California faculty
People associated with computer security


Anfani FM is a privately operated radio network in Niger. Based in the capital of Niamey, Anfani also has stations in the regional centers of Maradi, Zinder, Birni Nkonni, and Diffa.

History and content
Founded by newspaper journalist Grémah Boucar as an offshoot of his Anfani print news weekly, Radio Anfani (FM 100 MHz) in Niamey was one of Niger's first non-governmental broadcasters.  Anfani was shut several times in the 1990s by the government of Col. Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara. Since the return of civilian rule in 1999, Anfani FM journalists have faced arrest and government sanctions related to their reporting on a number of  occasions.

Anfani provided access to the airways for opposition politicians during the military regime, and continues to broadcast domestic news in French, Hausa, Djerma, and other regional languages.  The station also rebroadcasts the  Voice of America and Deutsche Welle news.  While private, Anfani has previously received grants from the United States government, through the National Endowment for Democracy.

Stations
Anfani broadcasts with transmitters of 1.5 kW based in Niamey, Maradi, Birni Nkonni, Zinder and Diffa, all on FM 100MHZ.

See also
 Media of Niger

References

 Anfani FM - 100MHZ, AfDevInfo .
GRÉMAH BOUCAR: Free Media Heroes, International Press Institute, 3 May 2000.
ANFANI FM, National Endowment for Democracy.
 Journal Anfani, June 1999 Internet Issue.

Radio in Niger
Mass media in Niamey


René Diaz (St. Etienne, 1926) is a French journalist-illustrator who had worked at Le Progrès Lyon for 30 years. He did all the drawings of the trial of Klaus Barbie, "the butcher of Lyon", a nazi criminal.

Exhibitions
 Centre d’Histoire de la résistance et de la Déportation of Lyon
 Memorial of Yad Vashem in Jerusalem

Sources

 http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_yad/magazine/magazine_new/franch/events_barbie_main.html
 http://www.guysen.com/print.php?sid=5131
 http://www.fra.cityvox.fr/expositions-arts_lyon/des-croquis-pour-l-histoire-dessins-de-p_160019/Profil-Eve

French journalists
French illustrators
Living people
French male non-fiction writers
Year of birth missing (living people)


David Gregg may refer to:

 David Gregg (minister) (1846–1919), American minister and author
 David L. Gregg (1819–1868), American diplomat and politician
 David McMurtrie Gregg (1833–1916), farmer, diplomat and Union cavalry general in the American Civil War
 David Paul Gregg (1923–2001), inventor of the optical disc
 David Gregg (1767-1828), great-grandfather of president Harry S. Truman


Donaldo Pereira Macedo (born 1950) is a Cape Verdean-American critical theorist, linguist, and expert on literacy, critical pedagogy and multicultural education studies. Until 2019 he was Distinguished Professor of Liberal Arts and Education at the University of Massachusetts Boston. He was also the founder of the Master of Arts Program in Applied Linguistics at the University of Massachusetts Boston, and chaired the program until approximately 2012.

He has published extensively in the areas of linguistics, critical literacy, and bilingual and multicultural education. His work in translating and editing works of Paulo Freire, his published dialogues with Freire, and his own research on Freire's pedagogy, have significantly contributed to the field of critical pedagogy. Macedo co-authored two books with Freire, Literacy: Reading the Word and the World (1987) and Ideology Matters (2002). His other publications include: Literacies of Power: What Americans Are Not Allowed to Know (1994), Dancing With Bigotry (with Lilia Bartolome, 1991), and Critical Education in the New Information Age (with Manuel Castells, Ramón Flecha, Paulo Freire, Henry Giroux and Paul Willis, 1999). He also served as the editor for and contributed an introduction to Noam Chomsky's Chomsky on Miseducation (2000).

Biography
Macedo was born on the island of Brava in the Cape Verde islands, off the coast of northwest Africa. He attended middle and high school on the island of São Vicente. He has six siblings, including a brother, Viriato (today known as Vinny deMacedo), who is 15 years younger. In 1966, the family immigrated to the United States, and settled in the Dorchester neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts;  three years later, Macedo's parents moved his siblings to the nearby coastal town of Kingston, while he remained in Dorchester with his grandmother to finish his studies at English High School.

He earned a BA at the University of Massachusetts Boston, and a masters degree in Spanish literature at New York University. In 1989 he completed a PhD in applied linguistics at Boston University, with a dissertation on Cape Verdean Creole.

References

External links

1950 births
Living people
Critical pedagogy
Education writers
University of Massachusetts Boston faculty
People from Dorchester, Massachusetts
American people of Cape Verdean descent


Creighton is an unincorporated community in East Deer Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States; it is located in western Pennsylvania within the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area, approximately  northeast of Pittsburgh. Creighton is situated along the Allegheny River at Pool 3. The latitude of Creighton is 40.587N, while the longitude is -79.778W. Creighton appears on the New Kensington West U.S. Geological Survey Map. It is in the Eastern Standard time zone with an elevation of  above sea level.

The Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company was founded in Creighton; its first plant was opened along the river in 1883.

References

Pittsburgh metropolitan area
Unincorporated communities in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania


The following is a list of Major League Baseball players, retired or active.

Sa through Se

References

External links
Last Names starting with S – Baseball-Reference.com

 Sa


"Mon Pays" is a 2006 song recorded by French-born artist Faudel. It was the first single from his album Mundial Corrida, produced by Fred Chateau and Volodia. Released on 13 November 2006, the song was a huge hit in France and Belgium (Wallonia).

Song information
In this song, Faudel affirms his double French and Algerian identity and  celebrates his two cultures. This song received extensive airplay on radio and TV (number 29 on the 2006 Airplay Chart and number 19 on the TV Chart). In France, the single debuted directly at number one on 11 November 2006, then dropped and remained for ten weeks in the top ten and 38 weeks on the chart. As of August 2014, it is the 66th best-selling single of the 21st century in France, with 356,000 units sold. In Belgium, "Mon Pays" ranked for 28 weeks in the top 40, 18 of them in the top ten and one week atop.

Track listings
 CD single
 "Mon Pays" (radio) — 3:45
 "Mon Pays" (remix) — 3:44

 Digital download
 "Mon Pays" (radio) — 3:45
 "Mon Pays" (remix) — 3:44
 "Mon Pays" (karaoke) — 3:48

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2006 singles
Faudel songs
Ultratop 50 Singles (Wallonia) number-one singles
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles