Paul Julius Adolf Helwig (27 May 1893 – 7 August 1963) was a German stage-manager, script-writer, philosopher and psychologist, who has contributed in an original way to the analysis of human behavior.  He was born in Lübeck, Germany, and died in Munich.

His psychological approach has as a starting-point the chains of reactions and events which normally result from acting, and in which one remains involved because they present one possibilities to seize, problems to solve as well as challenges to take. This is typical for the literary drama, but can be seen in a less concentrated way in daily life. Problematic, if not pathological, behavior may arise if conditions for starting and continuing such a "drama of life"  are insufficiently met. One of those conditions, the main one, is what Helwig calls "resistance": the resistance the physical and social environment offer to one's aims. If it is too much acting will be blocked, if it is too small action will be short-lived and be in want of intensity and impact.

Helwig characterizes his approach both as dramaturgical (1958) and behavioristic (1964), the latter because overt behavior is seen as the primary phenomenon, to be explained from the interaction action-environment instead of hypothetical inner forces and features. His "behaviorism" starts, however, from very molar behavior units, unlike American behaviorism.

Works by Paul Helwig

Philosophical-psychological work

Helwig, P. (1934): Die individuelle Relation. (Ein Beitrag zur Dialektik der Selbstheit). Universität Köln: thesis. 38 pages
Helwig, P. (1936): Seele als Äusserung. Untersuchungen zur Leib-Seele Problematik. Leipzig en Berlijn: Teubner Verlag. 124 pages (Mind as expression. Explorations of the body-mind relation)
Helwig, P. (1936): Charakterologie. Leipzig: Teubner Verlag.
Helwig, P. (1951): Charakterologie. 2nd revised edition. Stuttgartt: Klett Verlag.
Helwig, P. (1965): Charakterologie. 3rd revised edition. Stuttgartt: Klett Verlag. (Afterwards more than once reprinted in Herder-Bücherei.)
Helwig, P. (1953): Die gewünschte und die gewollte Welt. Zur psychologischen Charakterisierung des Hysterikers und des Zwangsneurotikers. Psyche, VI, 10. Heft, p. 561-576. (Passive desiring vs. active willing. On the psychological characterization of the hysterical and the compulsive patient.)
Helwig, P. (1958): Dramaturgie des menslichen Lebens. Stuttgart: Klett. (Dramaturgy of human existence.)
Helwig, P. (1961): Psychologie ohne Magie. Der Mensch im Spannungsgefüge der Lebensdramatiek. München/Basel: Reinhardt. (Psychology without magic. Man in the texture of the drama of life.)
Helwig, P. (1964): Liebe und Feindschaft. München/Basel: Reinhardt. (Posthumous.) (Love and hostility.)

Plays
(list may not be complete)

1922: Das Eichenacher Spiel von der zehn Jungfrauen. Für die Aufführung im Juli, 1921, neu übersetzt und scenisch bearbeitet von Conrad Höfer und Paul Helwig. Verlag: Rahle, Eisenach, 1922.
1938: Flitterwochen.
1939: Irrfahrt der Wünsche.
1939: Am helllichten Tag. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag (1942?).
1940: Götter auf Urlaub. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1941: Der Barbar: eine historische Tragikomödie in 5 Aufzügen. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1942: Schwarze Magie: Lustspiel in 3 Auzügen. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1942: Die schöne Maria: Historische Komödie in 5 Aufzüge. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1942: Lucille und Orleans: Eine dramatische Romanze in 5 Aufzüge. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1942: Des Ruhmes und der Liebe Schwert: Eine dramatische Romanze in 5 Aufzüge. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1943: Krampus und Angelika: Komödie in 3 Aufzüge un 1 Vorspiel. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1947: Jupiter: Komödie in 3 Aufzüge. (Deutsche bearbeitung von Rober Boissy). Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1947: Familie Professor Linden. Deutsche Bearbeitung von "The Linden Tree" von J.B. Priestley. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag (1948).
1948: Die neue Stadt: Ein Spiel in 3 Aufzüge. Deutsche Bearbeitung von John Boynton. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1948: Hier bin ich schon einmal gewesen: Schauspiel in 3 Aufzüge. Deutsche Bearbeitung von John Boynton. Berlin: Drei Masken Verlag.
1949: Ernst Beiseite: Lustspiel in 3 Auzügen. Hamburg: Die Rampe, Bühnenvertrieb GmbH.
1958: Die fremde Stadt. Übersetzung eines Spiel in 3 Aufzüge von J.B. Priestley. Weinheim: Dt. Laienspiel-Verlag.

Films
(list may be incomplete; in 1943 en '44 he was involved in making movies in Vienna and Prague)

1925: The Story of Lilian Hawley. Scenario.
1939: Mein Mann darf es nicht wissen. Verfilming van Flitterwochen.
1940: Das leichte Mädchen. Scenario samen met Fritz Peter Buch.
1954: Bon Voyage. Scenario samen met Herbert Witt. Naar de gelijknamige Operette von Eduard Künneke
1954: The Man of My Life. Scenario (literatuurverfilming).
1955: . Scenario met Ursula Bloy.
1955: Love Without Illusions. Dialogen.
1956: . Scenario met Heinz Oskar Wuttig.
1957: A Piece of Heaven. Scenario met Juliane Kay.

Otherwise
(list perhaps not complete)

1941: Jerika. Novel. Wien-Leipzig: Alfred Ibach Verlag.
1962: Pan - Pan - Potiphar: Die abstrakte Lyrik meines Vetters Alois Zeitvogel. Poems. Nürnberg: Glock und Lutz.
Nonsensical poems, which he pretends to stem from the heritage  of a distant cousin, with a great many neologisms.

References
Prudon, Peter (2009): Ago ergo sum : Ik doe, dus ik ben. Het menselijk handelen vanuit existentieel-psychologisch gezichtspunt. (Amsterdam: FZP-press.)
(Ago ergo sum : I act, therefore I am. Human action from an existential-psychological point of view. )
external link.

1893 births
1963 deaths
German psychologists
Writers from Lübeck
German theatre directors
German male writers
20th-century psychologists
20th-century German philosophers


Ulmus × hollandica var. insularum was recognized as a biometrically distinct population of U. × hollandica endemic to all the Channel Islands and the Cotentin peninsula of France by Richens and Jeffers in 1975. The tree had been treated within U. montana (:glabra) until McClintock correctly assigned it to U. × hollandica.

Description
Var. insularum has an open canopy comprising irregular branching; the leaves are broadly ovate, < 8.5 cm long by 6 cm broad. The tree is distinguished from U. × hollandica and its most common cultivar, 'Vegeta', the Huntingdon Elm, by its longer (8–12 mm) petiole, greater foliar asymmetry, and more extensive axillary tufts on the lower surface of the lamina. Richens did not investigate the flowers and fruit.

Pests and diseases
The tree is very susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Cultivation
The current status of the tree in the Channel Islands following the introduction of Dutch elm disease is not (2015) recorded.

References

Ulmus hybrids
Ulmus articles missing images
Ulmus


Lightbulbs is the third album by Fujiya & Miyagi, released in 2009. The song "Uh" was featured in TV series "Breaking Bad" and "Misfits." "Sore Thumb" was featured in NBA 2K10.

Track listing
 "Knickerbocker"
 "Uh"
 "Pickpocket"
 "Goosebumps"
 "Rook to Queen's Pawn Six"
 "Sore Thumb"
 "Dishwasher"
 "Pterodactyls"
 "Pussyfooting"
 "Lightbulbs"
 "Hundreds & Thousands"
 "Je Ne Comprends Pas" (Special Edition Bonus Track)
 "One Trick Pony" (Special Edition Bonus Track)

References

External links
 Pitchfork Preview

Fujiya & Miyagi albums
2008 albums


The School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE) was founded by the National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan in 2008 by merging four established institutes; NUST Institute of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Transportation, Institute of Geographical Information System and Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering.

The school is co-educational and offers undergraduate and postgraduate programs in the fields of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering.

History
National Institute of Transportation (NIT) was established in 1991 at the Risalpur campus of National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan and was affiliated with Military College of Engineering (Pakistan). The institute initially provided undergraduate and postgraduate programs in the fields of Transportation Engineering, Geotechnical engineering, Structural Engineering and Water Resources Engineering.

Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE) started its MS in Environmental Engineering in July 1996. Later, PhD programs were also offered.

With the establishment of the new campus of NUST in Islamabad in 2008, NIT was merged with IESE and Institute of Geographical Information System and given the name of School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE).

The school consists of four institutes; NUST Institute of Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Geographical Information Systems and National Institute of Transportation.

Foreign collaborations

Industry linkages
SCEE has encouraged the local industries, both in the public and private sectors, to collaborate with the institute’s researchers. This industry-university partnership includes faculty interaction with industries and solution to industrial problems through R&D projects.

University linkages
SCEE has collaborations in the field of research and development with the following universities:
Michigan State University, USA
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Iowa State University, USA
Cornell University, USA
University of Illinois, USA
McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Cranfield University, UK
The University of Manchester, UK
University of New South Wales, Australia
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
National University of Singapore
Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

See also
NUST Institute of Civil Engineering
Institute of Geographical Information System
Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering
National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan

External links
 SCEE official website
 NUST official website

National University of Sciences & Technology
Engineering universities and colleges in Pakistan


Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational-Technical High School (commonly referred to as GNB Voc-Tech, Voc-Tech, or Voc)  is a vocational high school located in New Bedford, Massachusetts, United States for students in grades 912. The school draws its student body from the towns and cities of New Bedford, Dartmouth, and Fairhaven.  It is considered its own school district, thus having an on-site superintendent as well as an academics principal and a vocational-technical principal. Students alternate between six day long career technical and academic cycles.

Students at GNB Voc-Tech experience an education which blends academic instruction with career and technical education. They can choose from more than two dozen career majors. In a typical class, 60-70% of its graduates choose to continue their education, either at colleges or advanced technical schools. Another 30-35% enter the workforce and approximately 2% enter the armed services.

Vocational-Technical Programs
Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational Technical High School offers more than 30 Career and Technical Programs that students can choose from. These career and technical programs are divided into academies based on industry or group of industries.

Athletics
Girls softball 2022 state champions
Baseball - MIAA Division ll State Champions (2017)
- 2016 Massachusetts Large School State Vocational Champions
Football - Massachusetts Vocational Large State Champions (2010, 2011)
Boys Soccer - MIAA Division I South Sectional Champions (2011)
Massachusetts Vocational Large State Champions (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007)
Girls Volleyball - Massachusetts Vocactional Large State Champions (2010, 2011)
Boys Volleyball - MIAA Division II Eastern Mass. State Champions (2004, 2006)
Boys Volleyball - MIAA Division I Eastern Mass. State Champions (2009)
Girls Basketball - MIAA Division IV South Sectional Champions (2012), D-IV State Finalists (2013, 2013))
Massachusetts Vocational Large State Champions (2010, 2011, 2012)

References

External links

Vocational education
Schools in Bristol County, Massachusetts
Public high schools in Massachusetts
New Bedford, Massachusetts


Giorgos K. Angelopoulos (alternate spellings: Georgios, George, Aggelopoulos) (Greek: Γιώργος Κ. Αγγελόπουλος) is a Greek oil shipping and steel magnate. He is the co-owner of the men's professional club basketball team, Olympiacos, along with his brother Panagiotis Angelopoulos.

Angelopoulos family
Angelopoulos is the son of the Greek oil shipping and steel magnate Constantine Angelopoulos, and the grandson of the late Greek industrialist Panagiotis Angelopoulos (1909–2001). He is also the nephew of Theodore Angelopoulos. He is the brother of Panagiotis Angelopoulos.

Businesses
Angelopoulos, along with his brother Panagiotis, is the co-owner of Arcadia Shipmanagement Co. Ltd.

Olympiacos B.C.
Giorgos Angelopoulos and his brother, Panagiotis, won the EuroLeague Club Executive of the Year Award in the year 2012, after their professional basketball club, Olympiacos, won the EuroLeague 2011–12 season's championship.

References

External links
Olympiacos Profile

Living people
1974 births
Greek basketball chairmen and investors
Greek basketball executives and administrators
Greek businesspeople
Olympiacos B.C. presidents


Papyrus 11 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), signed by 𝔓11, is a copy of a part of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the First Epistle to the Corinthians. It contains fragments 1 Corinthians 1:17-22; 2:9-12.14; 3:1-3,5-6; 4:3; 5:5-5.7-8; 6:5-9.11-18; 7:3-6.10-11.12-14. Only some portions of the codex can be read.

The manuscript palaeographically had been assigned to the 7th century.

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category II.

In 1 Corinthians 7:5 it reads τη προσευχη (prayer) – along with 𝔓46, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 6, 33, 81, 104, 181, 629, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth; other manuscripts have reading τη νηστεια και τη προσευχη (fasting and prayer) or τη προσευχη και νηστεια (prayer and fasting).

The manuscript was discovered by Tischendorf in 1862.

It is currently housed at the Russian National Library (Gr. 258A) in Saint-Petersburg.

See also

 1 Corinthians 1-7
 List of New Testament papyri
 Papyrus 14

References

Further reading

 K. Aland, Neutestamentliche Papyri NTS 3 (1957), pp. 267–278.
 A. H. Salonius, Die griechischen Handschriftenfragmente des Neuen Testaments in den Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin, ZNW 26 (1927), pp. 97–119.

External links
 Digital image of P11 at CSNTM

New Testament papyri
7th-century biblical manuscripts
National Library of Russia collection
First Epistle to the Corinthians papyri


Christian Witness Ministries (CWM) is a non-denominational church affiliation founded by the former National General Secretary of the Assemblies of God in Australia 1989-1992, Philip Powell. CWM publishes a quarterly magazine, Contending Earnestly for The Faith (CETF), of which Philip Powell is the editor (B. Michael Bigg assistant editor) and to which a number of authors from different backgrounds contribute, including Dave Hunt (Christian apologist), Bill Randles, Mike Gendron, Aeron Morgan, Jeffrey Whittaker, Mark Mullins, Roger Winter-Smith, and Larry DeBruyn. CWM also runs a bookshop and conducts Bible conferences and ministry tours featuring the above speakers plus Justin Peters and Peter Stokes. CWM is a watchman discernment ministry.

History
Philip Powell left the Australian Assemblies of God in 1992, believing that the church was preaching false doctrines and supporting false prophets and teachers. After his departure from the AOG, Powell became associated with others, who have come to similar conclusions. Philip with his wife, Kathleen launched Christian Witness Ministries in 1994, and began to publish a quarterly magazine entitled Contending EARNESTLY for THE Faith (CETF) out of Hamilton, New Zealand. There are now clearing offices in Australia and the UK as well as in New Zealand. The magazine is now published from Brisbane, Australia.

References

External links

Pentecostal churches in Australia
Christian magazines
Mass media in Brisbane
Pentecostalism in Australia
Magazines with year of establishment missing
Magazines published in Australia
Magazines published in New Zealand
Mass media in Hamilton, New Zealand
Quarterly magazines published in Australia
Calvinist and Reformed Christians


The Awntyrs off Arthure at the Terne Wathelyne (The Adventures of Arthur at Tarn Wadling) is an Arthurian romance of 702 lines written in Middle English alliterative verse. Despite its title, it centres on the deeds of Sir Gawain. The poem, thought to have been composed in Cumberland in the late 14th or early 15th century, survives in four different manuscripts from widely separated areas of England.

Synopsis
Although the Awntyrs off Arthure is in some respects typical of the romances featuring Gawain, it has peculiarities of structure and theme that set it apart. It begins, conventionally enough, with Arthur's court riding out to a hunt.

At the lake Tarn Wadling, Gawain and Guinevere ("Gaynour") encounter a hideous and vividly-described ghost, who reveals that she is Guinevere's mother, condemned to suffer for the sins of adultery and pride that she committed while alive. In response to Gawain and Guinevere's questions, she advises them to live morally and to "have pité on the poer [...] Sithen charité is chef" ("have pity on the poor [...] Because charity is paramount"), and prophesizes that the Round Table will ultimately be destroyed by Mordred. She ends by requesting that masses are said for her soul.

The second half of the poem covers a different story: a knight, Sir Galeron of Galloway, claims that King Arthur and Gawain have false possession of his lands, and demands to settle the issue through honourable combat ("I wol fight on a felde - thereto I make feith") Gawain, who takes up the challenge, has the upper hand, and seems about to kill Galeron; but Galeron's lady and Guinevere intervene, and Arthur calls a halt to the fight. An amicable settlement is made of the land ownership; Galeron marries his lady, and becomes a knight of the Round Table. In the final stanza, Guinevere arranges masses for her mother's soul, and bells are rung throughout Britain (signifying public celebration, and the passage of a soul from Purgatory), bringing the narrative full circle in a "happy ending".

Textual criticism
The two parts of the poem were long thought to be a conflation of two entirely separate texts, especially as the chivalric concerns of the second half seem to directly contradict the message of humility contained in the first. Medievalist Ralph Hanna, who edited the text, felt that the first episode had been adapted by a second, less technically assured author, who added the Galeron section and ended with the original final stanza of the first poem.  However, following the work of A. C. Spearing — who compared its structure to that of a diptych — the Awntyrs is now commonly seen as a unified work by a single poet, where the themes of the first half are reflected in the second. For example, Carl Grey Martin notes that both parts include graphic depictions of nobles in states of physical distress, offering the possibility of reading Gawain's fight with Galeron as a kind of chivalric equivalent to the ghost's spiritual purgation.

Sources
The first episode, featuring characters who, while on a hunt, are plunged into darkness before meeting a ghost, has strong thematic similarities to another stanzaic alliterative poem, The Three Dead Kings, and seems to be derived from a popular legend of Saint Gregory.

Verse form
The Awntyrs off Arthure is written in a form of alliterative verse combining the usual four-stress alliterative line with a rhyme ABABABABCDDDC in a thirteen-line stanza; the density of alliteration is higher than in any other Middle English poem, with over half of its lines containing four alliterating stresses rather than the customary three. The style can be illustrated by the opening stanza:

In the tyme of Arthur an aunter bytydde,
By the Turne Wathelan, as the boke telles,
Whan he to Carlele was comen, that conquerour kydde,
With dukes and dussiperes that with the dere dwelles.
To hunte at the herdes that longe had ben hydde,
On a day thei hem dight to the depe delles,
To fall of the femailes in forest were frydde,
Fayre by the fermesones in frithes and felles.
Thus to wode arn thei went, the wlonkest in wedes,
Bothe the Kyng and the Quene,
And al the doughti bydene.
Sir Gawayn, gayest on grene,
Dame Gaynour he ledes. (1–13)

Variants of the thirteen-line alliterating stanza are found in a handful of other English poems: The Four Leaves of the Truelove, The Three Dead Kings, The Pistel of Swete Susan, and a number of others.

Composition

While the identity of the poet is unknown, the English palaeographer Frederic Madden attributed it to the fifteenth century Scottish makar Clerk of Tranent whom William Dunbar refers to as the author of the Awnteris of Gawaine in his poem Lament for the Makaris. Though the manuscript copies display very different scribal dialects, there are traces of an underlying dialect of the far north-western borders of England. Given the location of Arthur's court at Carlisle, and of much of the poem's action at Tarn Wadling and in Inglewood Forest— both in Cumberland— the author was most likely an educated native of the area, perhaps a cleric. The Augustinian Canons, whose members were often involved in the production of literature, were based at Carlisle and had fishing rights at Tarn Wadling; it has been speculated that the author could have belonged to this order.

Academic Rosamund Allen has argued that a likely patron for the poem was Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, with the text composed as a dramatic entertainment for a marriage, or other important celebration, during the mid-1420s.

Manuscripts
The poem is preserved in four different manuscripts, one of which is the mid-fifteenth century Lincoln Thornton Manuscript.

References

14th-century poems
15th-century poems
Arthurian literature in Middle English
Middle English poems


Mayrhofer is a German surname meaning "from the region of Mayrhof" in Austria. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Mayrhofer (183782), Austrian obstetrician
Johann Mayrhofer (17871836), Austrian poet and librettist known for his friendship with Franz Schubert
Manfred Mayrhofer (19262011), Austrian linguist who specialized in Indo-Iranian languages
Wolfgang Mayrhofer (born 1958), Austrian sailor who competed in the 1980 Olympic Olympics, academic in the field of management and organisational behaviour

Other uses
 1690 Mayrhofer, an asteroid named after Austrian amateur astronomer Karl Mayrhofer (190382)

See also

German-language surnames


Inezia may refer to:
Inezia (bird), a genus of birds in the family Tyrannidae.
Inezia (plant), a genus of flower in the family Asteraceae.


Jenkin Jones (born 1623) was a Welsh captain in the army of the Parliamentarians during the English Civil War, and a Puritan cleric and preacher.

Life
Jones was born in the parish of Llanddetty, Brecknockshire and matriculated at Jesus College, Oxford in 1639.  He was a prominent soldier and preacher during the English Civil War, and was married to the niece of Bussy Mansell, a leading Parliamentarian in Glamorgan. Whilst believing that the Baptist principles on who ought to be baptised and how this should take place were correct, he was not an exclusionist like others of the time, and was willing to welcome members of other denominations to communion.  He was one of the Approvers named under the Propagation Act 1650,  and worked as an itinerant preacher in Brecknockshire and elsewhere, including the Merthyr Tydfil area.  In 1657, he became the minister at Llanddetty. After the Restoration of the monarchy, Jones was imprisoned at Carmarthen but soon released. However, reports that he was gathering followers and making speeches led to his further imprisonment, and there is no further record of him after this time.

References

1623 births
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Welsh independent ministers of the Interregnum (England)
Roundheads
Year of death unknown
17th-century Protestant religious leaders
17th-century Welsh military personnel


Kongsberg Satellite Services AS (KSAT) is a Norwegian-based company. KSAT has the most extensive ground station network globally, and the world's largest ground station for support of polar orbiting satellites located at 78° North - Svalbard, Norway. They are a provider of ground network services and maritime monitoring services

The headquarters is in Tromsø, Norway, with sales offices in Oslo, Stockholm and Denver, Colorado.

KSAT was established in 2002, though its roots may be traced back to 1967 when the Tromsø ground station was inaugurated.

By mid 2021 KSAT had approximately 270 employees.

Sites
The company's global ground network consists of more than 200 antennas at 23 sites worldwide, this provides optimized locations for satellites in polar, inclined and equatorial orbits. Everything is remotely monitored and controlled and from the HQ's network operations center in Tromsø.

 Troll, Antarctic
 Cordoba, Argentina (partner station)
 Tolhuin, Argentina (partner station)
 Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada
 Punta Arenas, Chile
 Nemea, Greece
 Nuuk, Greenland
 Bangalore, India (partner station)
 Tokyo, Japan
 Mauritius
 Awarua, New Zealand
 Svalbard, Norway
 Tromsø, Norway
 Vardø, Norway
 Panama
 Azores, Portugal (partner station)
 Singapore
 Hartebeesthoek, South Africa
 Puertollano, Spain
 Dubai, United Arab Emirates
 Fairbanks, Alaska, United States
 Los Angeles, California, United States
 Hawaii, United States

Ownership
KSAT is owned equally (50/50) by Space Norway AS (50%), and Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace AS (50%).

References

External links
 Official Kongsberg Satellite Services website

Telecommunications companies of Norway
Earth stations in Norway
Space program of Norway
Companies based in Tromsø
Telecommunications companies established in 2002
2002 establishments in Norway
Satellite


Serhiy Ivanovych Kovalets (; born 5 September 1968) is a Ukrainian former football midfielder and current manager of Inhulets Petrove.

Playing career
Kovalets began his playing career in youth sports schools of Podolia region Berdychiv and Krasyliv. Since 1984 he played for the senior squad of the local football team Sluch Krasyliv that competed in the regional competitions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast. Next year he was invited to the team of masters Podillia Khmelnytskyi that was playing in the Soviet Second League (third tier). During that time, he also was called to serve his obligatory military service playing for amateur team out of Berdychiv led by Miletiy Balchos. In 1990 Kovalets accepted invitation from Oleh Bazylevych to join the "flagman" of Ukrainian and Soviet football FC Dynamo Kyiv.

Eventually he played 10 matches for Ukraine between 1992 and 1994.

Coaching career
After he retired from playing football, Metalist Kharkiv head coach Myron Markevych invited Kovalets to work with him as an assistant coach in 2005. In 2008, Kovalets became the head coach of the newly promoted FC Lviv, who had an unsuccessful start in the Ukrainian Premier League. Kovalets failed to accomplish his task of keeping his team in the Premier League, which ended up losing to Illichivets in goal difference.

At the end of August 2009, Kovalets became the new head coach of PFC Oleksandria in the Ukrainian First League. He held this position until Yuriy Maksymov left Obolon during the winter break of 2009–10 Ukrainian Premier League season when he was offered the position. He was sacked after a 1–0 defeat at Chornomorets Odesa on 31 November. On 18 January 2012, Kovalets was appointed as the new manager of 1. FC Tatran Prešov.

Personal life
Kovalets was born in Chekhove, Crimean Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union, now Ukraine. He is married since 1988. Together with his wife Anzhela has three children: daughters Alina (1989) and Daryna (1998) and also one son, current professional footballer Kyrylo (1993).

Honours

Player
 Soviet Top League Champion: 1990
 USSR Cup: 1990
 Ukrainian Premier League Champion: 1992–93
 Ukrainian Premier League Champion: 1993–94
 Ukrainian Cup: 1993

Coach
Winner (1): Commonwealth of Independent States Cup: 2014
Runner Up (1): Commonwealth of Independent States Cup: 2013

References

External links

 Biography

1968 births
Living people
People from Rozdolne Raion
Soviet men's footballers
Ukrainian men's footballers
Ukraine men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC Dynamo Kyiv players
FC Dnipro players
FC Chornomorets Odesa players
FC Twente players
FC Karpaty Lviv players
FC Karpaty-2 Lviv players
FC Metalurh Zaporizhzhia players
FC Metalurh-2 Zaporizhzhia players
FC Obolon Kyiv players
FC Obolon-2 Bucha players
FC Krasyliv players
FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi players
FC Volyn Lutsk players
FC Borysfen Boryspil players
Soviet Top League players
Soviet Second League players
Ukrainian Premier League players
Ukrainian First League players
Ukrainian Second League players
Ukrainian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in the Netherlands
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Ukrainian football managers
FC Lviv managers
FC Oleksandriya managers
FC Obolon Kyiv managers
1. FC Tatran Prešov managers
FC Metalurh Zaporizhzhia managers
Ukraine national under-21 football team managers
FK Riteriai managers
FC Chornomorets Odesa managers
FC Inhulets Petrove managers
Ukrainian Premier League managers
Ukrainian First League managers
Slovak First Football League managers
A Lyga managers
Ukrainian expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Slovakia
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia
Expatriate football managers in Lithuania
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Lithuania


The National Hard Coal Company () was set up as a commercial society by the Government of Romania in 1998. The main headquarters of the company is placed in Petroșani, the principal city in the coal mining region of Hunedoara County's Jiu Valley.
The company has its material base in Gorj, Hunedoara and Mehedinți counties with total reserves of 350 million tonnes of coal.

The annual production is around 3 million tonnes of bituminous coal  and the total number of employees is around 12,000.

References

External links
 Official site
 History of coal mines and coal mining in Jiu Valley

Coal companies of Romania
Companies of Hunedoara County


Flores-Figueroa v. United States, 556 U.S. 646 (2009), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, holding that the law enhancing the sentence for identity theft requires proof that an individual knew that the identity card or number he had used belonged to another, actual person. Simply using a Social Security Number is not sufficient connection to another individual.

Background
Ignacio Flores-Figueroa, an illegal alien from Mexico, used a counterfeit Social Security card bearing his real name and a false Social Security number to obtain employment at a steel plant in East Moline, Illinois. Though he did not know it, the number belonged to a real person, a minor. The question in the case was whether workers who use false Social Security and alien registration numbers must know that they belong to a real person to be subject to a two-year sentence extension for "aggravated identity theft."

Specifically, the case hinged on whether the adverb "knowingly" applies only to the verb or also to the object in 18 U.S.C. § 1028A(a)(1) (which defines aggravated identity theft): "Whoever [...] knowingly transfers, possesses, or uses, without lawful authority, a means of identification of another person [...]".

Opinion of the Court
In a unanimous decision delivered by Justice Breyer on May 4, 2009, the Court held that a prosecutor must be able to show that a defendant knew that the identification he used actually belonged to another person.

See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 556
Mens rea
Morissette v. United States (1952)

References

Further reading

External links

United States Supreme Court cases
2009 in United States case law
Social Security lawsuits
Illegal immigration to the United States
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
United States identity theft case law
East Moline, Illinois


Krishna Nath Sarmah (1887–1947) was a renowned nationalist and social reformer from Assam. He was born in a Brahmin family. After graduating with degrees in science and law, he started a legal practice in 1917. Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, he joined the freedom struggle instead. Along with Tarun Ram Phukan, Nabin Chandra Bardoloi and Gopinath Bardoloi, he was one of the forerunners in the Indian freedom struggle in Assam. Upon hearing about Gandhi's mission, Sharma invited him to open his Namghar and thus the events of April 1934 happened. Following this event, he even opened 12 schools for the Dalit community

References

"Personality Series: The Spirit of Nationalism" Official website of India Post

Indian independence activists from Assam
1887 births
1947 deaths
Indian social reformers
Assam MLAs 1937–1946


The Fushui River (富水) is a river flowing through Tongshan and Yangxin Counties in the south-eastern part of Hubei province, China.

The river is  long. It originates in the Mufu Mountains, flows in the general eastern direction, and discharges into the Yangtze River   near Fuchi Town, Yangxin County ().

There are a number of dams on the river and its tributaries. The most major or them, the Fushui Dam (富水大坝; ) is located in Yangxin County just east of the Tongshan County's county line. The dam creates a fairly large Fushui Reservoir (富水水库).

The Xianning Nuclear Power Plant is under construction in Dafan Town, Tongshan County, on the northern shore of the  Fushui Reservoir (); it is expected to use the reservoir's water for cooling and various ancillary purposes.

China National Highway 316 runs alongside the river for parts of its length.

References

External links

 湖北省富水水库管理局  (The administration of Fushui Reservoir, Hubei Province) – the official site

Rivers of Hubei


Martin O'Sullivan (1891 – 20 January 1956) was an Irish Labour Party politician.

He was born in 1891 in Ennistymon, County Clare. He was educated locally, and joined the Midland Great Western Railway as a clerk and worked in Sligo and Cavan before his appointment as station master at Recess, County Galway. After the amalgamation of the Midland Great Western and Great Southern railways, he was transferred to Dublin and later became chief paymaster at Inchicore railway works for Great Southern and Western Railway.

He was prominent in the trade union movement, and was secretary and chairman of the Irish Council of Railway Clerks Association, chairman of the Dublin Council of Trade Unions, and a member of the national executive of the Irish Trades Union Congress.

In 1930, he was elected to Dublin Corporation, and served until 1950. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin North-West constituency at the 1943 general election. He was re-elected at the 1944 general election, and at the 1948 general election he was elected for the new Dublin North-Central constituency. He lost his seat at the 1951 general election. He served as Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1943 to 1945, the first member of the Labour Party to hold the position.

References

1891 births
1956 deaths
Labour Party (Ireland) TDs
Members of the 11th Dáil
Members of the 12th Dáil
Members of the 13th Dáil
Politicians from County Clare
Lord Mayors of Dublin
People from Ennistymon


Dyer's case (1414) 2 Hen. V, fol. 5, pl. 26 is an old English contract law case concerning restraint of trade and the doctrine of consideration.

Facts
Mr. John Dyer had given a promise to not exercise his trade in the same town as the plaintiff for six months but the plaintiff had promised nothing in return. The plaintiff had not bothered to attend court for the hearing.

Judgment
On hearing the plaintiff's attempt to enforce this restraint, Hull J exclaimed,

See also
Consideration in English law
Privity in English law
Non-compete clause

Notes

English consideration case law
1410s in law
15th century in case law
1414 in England


The action of 14 December 1798 was a naval skirmish between the 32-gun British frigate  and the French 24-gun corvette . Bayonnaise was vastly outgunned and outmanoeuvred, but was able to board and capture Ambuscade.

Background
On 14 December, as she sailed about  off Ré, Bayonnaise met the 32-gun frigate Ambuscade, cruising off Oléron under Captain Henry Jenkins.

Ambuscade was waiting to meet with  and blockade the Gironde estuary. Bayonnaise was a 24-gun corvette with a strong crew augmented by a 40-soldier detachment from the Régiment d'Alsace, under Army captain Nicolas Aimé.

At dawn, Ambuscade detected Bayonnaise and assumed she was Stag; Bayonnaise also detected Ambuscade, and, correctly assuming that she was a superior British warship, turned around to flee. From this manoeuver, Ambuscade understood that the sail was French and gave chase. Around noon, Ambuscade had closed in to cannon range, and the fight began.

Battle
After one hour, the British had gained the upper hand, damaging the hull and rigging of the corvette. As Ambuscade came off the stern of Bayonnaise in an attempt to rake her, one of the British frigate's starboard 12-pounders burst. The explosion destroyed Ambuscades boats, left 13 of her sailors dead and wounded, and confused the crew. Bayonnaise attempted to take advantage of the confusion to escape south, but Ambuscade gave chase again and caught up with the corvette around 3 PM.

As the frigate sailed on the port side of the corvette on a parallel course, overtaking her, Bayonnaise backed sail and turned hard to port, ramming Ambuscade. The bowsprit of Bayonnaise cut down Ambuscades mizzen, wounding part of the crew standing on the poop deck, and entangling the two ships.

Both ships fired a last broadside and closed their gunports. Bayonnaise lost numerous men, and her captain, Richer, had an arm shot off. Nevertheless, French grapeshot and musketry fire cleared the decks of Ambuscade. Most of the British officers were wounded and taken below deck, leaving only ailing lieutenant Joseph Briggs in command. Having grappled the corvette to the frigate, the French used Bayonnaises bowsprit to bridge the gap between the ships and climb onto the taller Ambuscade.

The French boarded and seized a light gun loaded with grapeshot, which they used to clear the forecastle of its defenders. The quarterdeck of Ambuscade suffered the explosion of a powder box, which destroyed the wheel and the stern boat. After a bloody, 30-minute melee, purser William Beaumont Murray, the last British officer still standing, surrendered Ambuscade. During the battle, Ambuscade had had 15 killed and 39 wounded, including Jenkins and his two lieutenants, and Bayonnaise 25 killed and 30 wounded, including Richer and his lieutenant.

Aftermath

Bayonnaise had lost almost all of her rigging, was leaking and had her rudder damaged. Ambuscade had lost her mizzen mast and sustained damage from explosions on board, but was otherwise intact and sea worthy. Ambuscade  towed Bayonnaise to Pertuis d'Antioche and Rochefort. They arrived the next day. Ambuscade was taken into French service as Embuscade.

Lieutenant de vaisseau Richer was promoted to capitaine de vaisseau (jumping three ranks), and the ensigns of Bayonnaise, Corbie, Frouin, Guigner, Kinzelbach and Potier de la Houssaye, were promoted to Lieutenant de vaisseau. Major Henri Louis Lerch was made Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur for his action during the boarding. Captain Jenkins was later court-martialled, accused of letting his ship, crewed by young sailors, be boarded by a stronger party, while he had a strong advantage at gunnery and manoeuvre. He was acquitted.

The battle was used as a propaganda effort by the French government. Several paintings of the event were subsequently commissioned, notably a large painting by young Louis-Philippe Crépin which is now one of the main exhibits of the Musée national de la Marine in Paris.

See also
 Action of 12 August 1782, a similarly unbalanced action between the 28-gun sixth-rate , with a crew reinforced by soldiers, and the French 32-gun frigate . Coventry managed to avoid capture and make good her escape.

Notes

Citations

References
 Naval history of Great Britain, by William James
  Combat de la Bayonnaise contre l'Ambuscade, 1798, Musée national de la Marine
  14 décembre 1798 : prise de la frégate anglaise HMS Ambuscade par la corvette française la Bayonnaise, by Philippe de Ladebat
  14 décembre 1798 Prise de la frégate anglaise HMS Ambuscade par la corvette française La Bayonnaise paintings of the event
 Combat de la fregate francaise la Bayonnaise centre la fregate anglaise l' Embuscade 14 decemb. 1798, National Maritime Museum
 Histoire des marins français sous la République, de 1789 à 1803, Charles Rouvier, Arthus Bertrand , pp. 416–419

Naval battles of the French Revolutionary Wars
Naval battles involving Great Britain
Naval battles involving France
Military history of the Atlantic Ocean
Conflicts in 1798
1798 in France


Polk County Public Schools is a school district headquartered in Bartow, Florida, United States. The district serves Polk County.

History

Civil rights era
Before 1965, Polk County maintained two separate school systems, one for white students, and a separate system for non-white students. In 1963, a group of parents of Black students attempted to have their children admitted to the all-white schools. When their applications were denied by the school board, they filed suit in federal district court. In early 1965, a federal judge ordered the schools to formulate a plan to integrate both students and teachers, and provide equal facilities and programs for all students regardless of race. For 1965, the district instituted a sham desegregation plan. In 1969, after additional adverse federal rulings, the district adopted another plan which also proved to be ineffective at integrating the schools. The schools became substantially integrated by 1994.

2020s
By October 13, 2021, 17 employees died in the COVID-19 pandemic in Florida, with 15 of them having started work for the fall semester.

Controversies

Intelligent design controversy
In November 2007, four Polk County School Board members interviewed by The Ledger daily newspaper said they would support a resolution advising the Florida Board of Education to revise proposed science standards to include alternative theories to evolution.

Expulsion of student for science experiment
In 2013 the district expelled a 16-year-old girl after her experiment mixing household materials resulted in a small explosion.  The student was arrested and charged with possession/discharge of a weapon on school property and discharging a destructive device. Scientists posted tweets condemning the district's response. Tiffany Madison of the Washington Times argued that the district's punishment reflected American schools becoming "mindless, bureaucratic prisons".

School uniforms
The district requires all students in Kindergarten through 8th grade to wear school uniforms.

Number of schools
Polk County Public Schools is one of the largest school districts in the nation, encompassing more than 150 schools and serving more than 100,000 students through both traditional K-12 schools and a variety of other programs.

High schools

 Auburndale Senior High School (mascot: Bloodhounds)
 Bartow Senior High School (Yellow Jackets)
 Chain of Lakes Collegiate High School (Eagles)
 Davenport Senior High School (Broncos)
 Fort Meade Middle-Senior High School (Miners)
 Frostproof Middle-Senior High School (Bulldogs)
 George Jenkins Senior High School (Eagles)
 Haines City Senior High School (Hornets)
 Jewett High School Former black high school in Winter Haven prior to integration
 Harrison School for the Arts
 Kathleen Senior High School (Red Devils)
 Lake Gibson Senior High School (Braves)
 Lake Region Senior High School (Thunder)
 Lakeland Senior High School (Dreadnaughts)
 Lake Wales High School (Highlanders)
 McKeel Academy of Technology (Wildcats)
 Mulberry High School (Panthers)
 Polk State College Lakeland Collegiate High School (Eagles)
 Ridge Community High School (Bolts)
 Rochelle School of the Arts Black high school prior to integration; now a K-8 magnet.
 Roosevelt High School, a black high school in Lake Wales prior to integration.
 Tenoroc Senior High School (Titans)
 Union Academy Former black high school before integration; now a middle school
 Winter Haven Senior High School (Blue Devils)

Middle schools

Bartow Middle
Citrus Ridge: A Civics Academy
Crystal Lake Middle
Daniel Jenkins Academy
Davenport School of the Arts (magnet)
Denison Middle
Doris A Sanders Learning Center
Dundee Ridge Middle
Fort Meade Middle-Senior
Frostproof Middle-Senior
Gause Academy of Leadership
Jean O'Dell Learning Center
Jere L. Stambaugh Middle
Jewett Middle Academy
Jewett School of the Arts
Karen M. Siegel Academy
Kathleen Middle
Lake Alfred Polytech Academy
Lake Gibson Middle
Lake Marion Creek Middle
Lakeland Highlands Middle
Language & Literacy Academy
Lawton Chiles Middle Academy
McLaughlin Middle School and Fine Arts Academy
Mulberry Middle
New Beginnings High
REAL Academy
Rochelle School of the Arts
Roosevelt Academy
Rosabelle W. Blake Academy
Shelley S. Boone Middle
Sleepy Hill Middle
Southwest Middle
Union Academy
Westwood Middle

Elementary schools

Alta Vista Elementary
Alturas Elementary
Auburndale Central Elementary
Bartow Elementary Academy
Ben Hill Griffin Jr Elementary
Bethune Academy
Carlton Palmore Elementary
Chain of Lakes Elementary
Citrus Ridge: A Civics Academy
Clarence Boswell Elementary
Cleveland Court Elementary
Combee Academy (CODE Academy - magnet)
Crystal Lake Elementary
Davenport Elementary
Davenport School of the Arts (magnet)
Dixieland Elementary
Doris A Sanders Learning Center
Dr. N.E. Roberts Elementary
Dundee Elementary
Eagle Lake Elementary
Eastside Elementary
Edgar Padgett Elementary
Elbert Elementary
Floral Avenue Elementary
Frank E. Brigham Academy
Fred G. Garner Elementary
Frostproof Elementary
Garden Grove Elementary
Gause Academy of Leadership
Gibbons Street PreK Center
Griffin Elementary School
Highland City Elementary
Highlands Grove Elementary
Horizons Elementary
Inwood Elementary
James E. Stephens Elementary
James W. Sikes Elementary
Jean O'Dell Learning Center
Jesse Keen Elementary
Jewett School of the Arts
Karen M. Siegel Academy
Kathleen Elementary
Kingsford Elementary
Lake Alfred Elementary
Lake Shipp Elementary
Laurel Elementary
Lena Vista Elementary
Lewis Anna Woodbury Elementary
Lewis Elementary (PK-3)
Lincoln Avenue Academy (magnet)
Loughman Oaks Elementary
Medulla Elementary
North Lakeland Elementary
Oscar J. Pope Elementary
Palmetto Elementary
Philip O'Brien Elementary
Pinewood Elementary
Polk City Elementary School
Purcell Elementary
R. Bruce Wagner Elementary
R. Clem Churchwell Elementary
REAL Academy
Rochelle School of the Arts
Rosabelle W. Blake Academy
Sandhill Elementary School
Scott Lake Elementary School
Sleepy Hill Elementary
Snively Elementary
Socrum Elementary
Southwest Elementary
Spessard L. Holland Elementary School
Spook Hill Elementary
Valleyview Elementary
Wahneta Elementary
Walter Caldwell Elementary
Wendell Watson Elementary
Winston Academy of Engineering (magnet)

Charter Schools in District

Achievement Academy - Bartow
Achievement Academy - Lakeland
Achievement Academy - Winter Haven
Berkley Accelerated Middle
Berkley Elementary
Chain of Lakes Collegiate High School
Compass Middle Charter
Cypress Junction Montessori
Dale R. Fair Babson Park Elementary
Discovery Academy of Lake Alfred
Discovery High School
Edward W. Bok Academy
Edward W. Bok Academy, North
Hartridge Academy
Hillcrest Elementary
Janie Howard Wilson Elementary
Lake Wales Senior High
Lakeland Montessori Middle
Lakeland Montessori Schoolhouse
Language & Literacy Academy
Magnolia Montessori Academy
McKeel Academy of Technology
McKeel Central Academy
Mi Escuela Montessori
Navigator Academy of Leadership
New Beginnings High
Polk Avenue Elementary
Polk Pre-Collegiate Academy
Polk State College Collegiate High
Polk State Lakeland Gateway
Ridgeview Global Studies Academy
South McKeel Academy
Victory Ridge Academy

References

External links

Public Schools
School districts in Florida


NAVCA (the National Association for Voluntary and Community Action) is the national membership body for local support and development organisations in England. It is a registered charity (1001635), based in Sheffield, and was previously called the National Association of Councils for Voluntary Service (NACVS).

History
The Councils for Voluntary Service National Association was a project of NCVO. In 1991, this project became independent and was named the National Association of Councils for Voluntary Service (NACVS). In June 2006, NACVS was renamed the National Association for Voluntary and Community Action (NAVCA). Previous chief executives have been Neil Cleeveley, Joe Irvin, Kevin Curley and Jane Ide. Its current CEO is Maddy Desforges.

Purpose
NAVCA's stated purpose is to promote the local voluntary and community sector nationally. It provides members with information, advice, networking and learning opportunities, support and development services and in turn it draws on its members' experience to influence government and contribute to national policy. Local support and development organisations are often known as Voluntary Action, Community Action or Council for Voluntary Service. These organisations support local charities, voluntary organisations and community groups by providing them with support, information and funding advice.

Campaigns
NAVCA advocates social value, whereby public authorities have regard to economic, social and environmental well-being when commissioning goods and services. NAVCA supported Chris White MP's private members bill that incorporated social value in legislation through the Public Services (Social Value) Act 2012.

Membership
NAVCA has a membership network of nearly 200 local sector support and development organisations in England. NAVCA members work with around 200,000 small local charities and voluntary organisations to provide advice, support and services.

References

External links
NAVCA official web site

Charities based in Sheffield
1991 establishments in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 1991
Volunteering in the United Kingdom


Bayonnaise was a 24-gun corvette of the French Navy, launched in 1793. She became famous for her capture of  on 14 December 1798. Her crew destroyed Bayonnaise in November 1803 to prevent her capture.

Career
Bayonnaise was being built as a privateer when the Ministry of Marine requisitioned her in 1793 before she sailed. The Ministry assumed the construction contracts and purchased her in March 1794.

Bayonnaise participated in the Croisière du Grand Hiver, an unsuccessful sortie by the French fleet at Brest on 24 December 1794.

Her hull was coppered in 1795 in Brest. She was officially renamed Brême that year, but apparently the new name was roundly ignored.

In late 1798, under lieutenant de vaisseau Jean-Baptiste-Edmond Richer, she ferried 120 prisoners from Rochefort to French Guiana. She then ferried troops and dispatches from Cayenne to Guadeloupe, and headed back for France.

She became famous for the action of 14 December 1798, in which she captured the much stronger 32-gun Ambuscade off the Gironde. Ambuscade was blockading Rochefort, when the smaller Bayonnaise captured her. Ambuscade had ten men killed, including her first lieutenant and master, and 36 wounded, including her captain. Bayonnaise had 30 killed, and 30 badly wounded, including Richer and his first lieutenant.

The court martial exonerated Captain Henry Jenkins of Ambuscade, though a good case could be made that he exhibited poor leadership and ship handling.  The French brought her into service as Embuscade; the Royal Navy later recaptured her.

Fate
On 28 November 1803,  gave chase to Bayonnaise in Finisterre Bay. The corvette's crew ran her ashore and then set fire to her prevent the British from capturing her. Captain Winthrop of Ardent described Bayonnaise as a frigate of 32 guns and 220 men, which had been sailing from Havana to Ferrol. Actually, Bayonnaise was armed en flute with only six 8-pounder guns, and was returning from the Antilles.

Postscript
Archaeologists of the "Finisterre Project" in August 2010 located Bayonnaises wreck on Langosteira beach, Finisterre.

Citations

References

External links

Age of Sail corvettes of France
Ships built in France


Asclepias cryptoceras is a species of milkweed known by the common names jewel milkweed, pallid milkweed, Humboldt Mountains milkweed, and cow-cabbage. It is native to the Great Basin of western North America, where it grows in many types of habitat, especially dry areas. This is a perennial herb growing low against the ground or drooping. It arises from a fleshy, woody rhizome-like root. The thick leaves are round to heart-shaped and arranged oppositely on the short stem. The inflorescence is a cluster of small flowers with centers of bright to dull pink hoods surrounded by pale-colored reflexed corollas. The fruit is a follicle held erect on a small stalk.

The Northern Paiute used the plant as a medicinal remedy, preparing the roots for headache and sores, and the latex for ringworm.

References

External links
The Jepson eFlora 2013
CalPhotos

cryptoceras
Flora of the Western United States


Cubic 22 were a Belgian electronic music project, made up of producers, Peter Ramson (AKA Jos Borremans), a veteran of the new beat era, and Danny Van Wauwe, who also went on to issue material under various pseudonyms.

The duo were a part of the burgeoning house music scene that was starting to become popular in the UK, and released many songs prior to hitting it big with their sole single success.

That track, "Night in Motion", crossed over from the clubs to the pop chart in June 1991, eventually peaking at #15 after only three weeks. The group appeared on Top of the Pops on June 27, 1991. This would be the last of the group's singles to chart on the UK Singles Chart, however they charted many more songs on the UK Dance Chart.

"Night in Motion" is featured in Dance Dance Revolution 4th Mix and Dance Dance Revolution Ultramix 2 as a playable song.  The main synth hook of the track was sampled and reproduced in Strike's mid-90s house chart hit U Sure Do.

Singles
"Night in Motion", UK #15, 6 July 1991

References

Electronic music duos
Belgian house music groups
Belgian techno music groups
Hardcore techno music groups


The history of Luton Town Football Club is described in detail in two separate articles:

 History of Luton Town F.C. (1885–1970) – the club was founded in 1885 and became the first professional team in southern England in 1891. After joining The Football League for the 1897–98 season and leaving after three seasons due to financial problems, the club rejoined the League before 1920–21, won the Third Division South in 1936–37 and was promoted the League's top division for the 1955–56 season. After losing the 1959 FA Cup Final 2–1 to Nottingham Forest, a period of decline saw Luton in the Fourth Division by 1965–66; however, Luton were back in the Second Division by 1970–71.
 History of Luton Town F.C. (1970–present) – the side was promoted to the top-flight in 1981–82 and won the 1987–88 League Cup Final with a 3–2 victory over Arsenal. The club stayed in the top division until 1992, before inconsistent performance and financial uncertainty saw Luton yo-yo between the divisions during the 1990s and 2000s. The 2006–07 season marked the beginning of a collapse that would make up three successive relegations. The third of these, from the fourth-tier League Two to the Conference Premier at the end of the 2008–09 season, resulted largely from the deduction of 40 points over the previous two seasons for various financial irregularities.


Papyrus 12 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1033 (in the Soden numbering), designated by siglum 𝔓12, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Hebrews, it contains only Hebrews 1:1. The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to ca. 285. It may have been a writing exercise or an amulet.

Description

On the top of the second column another writer has penned Hebrews 1:1 in three lines. It has been written in a small uncial hand. On the verso of this manuscript another writer has penned Genesis 1:1-5 according to Septuaginta.

 Text
 πολυμερως κ πολυ[τρο]πως
 παλε ο θς λαλήσ[α]ς το[ις π]ατρα
 σ[ι] ημ[ω]ν εν τοις προ[φηταις]

It has error of itacism (παλε instead of παλαι), the nomina sacra contracted (θς).

The Greek text of this codex probably is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, but its text is too brief for certainty. Aland placed it in Category I.

It supports textual variant with ημων as in codices 𝔓46c a t v vgmss syrp.

History

The manuscript was discovered in 1897 by Grenfell and Hunt.

It is currently housed at The Morgan Library & Museum (Pap. Gr. 3; P. Amherst 3b) in New York City.

See also

 List of New Testament papyri
 Papyrus Amherst 3a

References

Further reading

 B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, The Amherst Papyri I, (London 1900), pp. 30–31. (P. Amherst 3 b).

External links

New Testament papyri
3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Septuagint manuscripts
Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
Amherst papyri
Collection of the Morgan Library & Museum
Epistle to the Hebrews papyri


A folwark was a large Polish farm.

Folwark may also refer to the following villages in Poland:
Folwark, Gniezno County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Folwark, Rawicz County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Folwark, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
Folwark, Otwock County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Folwark, Opole Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
Folwark, Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)


Appel de Blois is an initiative in 2008 by Liberté pour l’Histoire to work against legislative authorities criminalizing the past through the legislative, thus putting more and more obstacles in the way of historical research. It was signed by historians such as Carlo Ginzburg, Eric Hobsbawn, and Jacques Le Goff. The appeal, which was directed at the European public, particularly scholars, historians, and academics, called for the rejection of "moralisation" and "judicialisation" of history through the codification of the so-called memory laws.

The initiative asks people to sign up under this:

References

External links
 Appel de Blois (english version)
 The freedom of historical debate is under attack by the memory police (The Guardian, 16 October 2008. Egalement paru dans La Repubblica, El Pais et The Los Angeles Times, norwegian translation in Dagbladet) in The Guardian by professor Timothy Garton Ash
 Point de vue Appel de Blois in Le Monde

History organizations based in France


Peadar Seán Doyle (died 4 August 1956) was an Irish politician. An engineer by profession, his son Seán was killed by British forces at Kilmashogue in the Dublin Mountains on Sunday, 19 September 1920.

Doyle was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Cumann na nGaedheal Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin South constituency at the 1923 general election. He was re-elected at each subsequent general election until his death in 1956.

From 1937 onwards, he was re-elected as a Fine Gael TD and from 1948 he was elected for the Dublin South-West constituency. He served as Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1941 to 1943 and from 1945 to 1946. He was the first Fine Gael Lord Mayor.

References

Year of birth missing
1956 deaths
Cumann na nGaedheal TDs
Fine Gael TDs
Lord Mayors of Dublin
Members of the 4th Dáil
Members of the 5th Dáil
Members of the 6th Dáil
Members of the 7th Dáil
Members of the 8th Dáil
Members of the 9th Dáil
Members of the 10th Dáil
Members of the 11th Dáil
Members of the 12th Dáil
Members of the 13th Dáil
Members of the 14th Dáil
Members of the 15th Dáil
Politicians from County Dublin


Eli Ben-Menachem (, born 24 November 1947) is an Israeli former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment, the Labor Party and One Israel between 1988 and 2006.

Biography
Born in Bombay, India (today Mumbai), Ben-Menachem immigrated to Israel in 1949. He studied at a military academy, and worked as an aircraft technician, eventually becoming chairman of the El Al workers' union.

In 1988 he was elected to the Knesset on the Alignment list. After being re-elected in 1992 (this time on the Labor Party list), he was appointed Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Office on 4 August 1992. On 8 April 1993 he became Deputy Minister of Housing and Construction, a post he held until Binyamin Netanyahu formed a Likud-led government in 1996. Following the 1996 elections, Ben-Menachem became chairman of the committee on Drug Abuse.

He was placed 27th on the One Israel list (an alliance of Labor, Gesher and Meimad) for the May 1999 elections, and lost his seat when the alliance won only 26 mandates. However, he re-entered the Knesset when Yossi Beilin resigned his seat in November that year. When Ariel Sharon formed a government of national unity in March 2001, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade, serving until Labor withdrew from the coalition in November 2002.

He retained his seat in the 2003 elections and became a Deputy Speaker of the Knesset. During Labor's stint in the Ariel Sharon government between January and November 2005, Ben-Menachem was re-appointed Deputy Minister of Housing and Construction.

After losing the slot on Labor's list reserved for the representative of poor neighbourhoods to Yoram Marciano, he left the party and joined Kadima. He lost his seat in the 2006 elections and became head of the Kadima faction in the Histadrut. He was placed 48th on the Kadima list for the 2009 elections, failing to win a seat.

References

External links

1947 births
Indian Jews
Politicians from Mumbai
Indian emigrants to Israel
Israeli Jews
Israeli people of Indian-Jewish descent
Israeli trade unionists
Living people
Alignment (Israel) politicians
One Israel politicians
Israeli Labor Party politicians
Members of the 12th Knesset (1988–1992)
Members of the 13th Knesset (1992–1996)
Members of the 14th Knesset (1996–1999)
Members of the 15th Knesset (1999–2003)
Members of the 16th Knesset (2003–2006)
Deputy ministers of Israel
Deputy Speakers of the Knesset
Politicians of Indian descent


HMS Ambuscade was a 32-gun fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy, built in the Grove Street shipyard of Adams & Barnard at Depford in 1773. The French captured her in 1798 but the British recaptured her in 1803. She was broken up in 1810.

American Revolution
Sometime in June, 177 she captured the sloops "2 Brothers" and "Succsess" in Massachusetts Bay. on 3 June captured "Swallow" in Casco Bay, Massachusetts.  On 18 June, 1777 she captured "Hope" in Boston Bay. Sometime in September, 1777 she recaptured "Restoration" in Boston Bay. On 1 October, 1777 she captured "S. W. Erskine".
On 19 May 1778 she recaptured brig Mary. On 31 May 1778 she captured American brig "Charming Sally" near Cape Sambro.

On 22 June 1779, after a short action, Ambuscade captured the French brig Hélene, which was the former Royal Navy 14-gun sloop . The Royal Navy took her back into service under her original name. Six days later Ambuscade captured the French privateer Prince de Montbray. The privateer was possibly out of Granville and under the command of Captain Boisnard-Maisonneuve.

 captured the "private man of war" Américaine on 26 January 1781. She was armed with 32 guns and carried a crew of 245. Ambuscade shared in the proceeds of the capture.

French Revolutionary Wars
Circa June 1797, in the Caribbean, Ambuscade captured the 32-ton, 3-gun privateer cutter Buonaparte, from Saint-Malo. She had a crew of 32 men under Captain F. Roussel.

In August 1798 Ambuscade, commanded by Captain Henry Jenkins, with  and the hired armed cutter  captured the chasse maree Francine . Then Ambuscade shared with  and Stag, in the capture on 20 November of the Hirondelle.

On 13 December 1798, Ambuscade captured a French merchantman, Faucon, with a cargo of sugar and coffee bound for Bordeaux.

Disaster struck the following day. Ambuscade was blockading Rochefort, when the smaller French corvette  captured her at the action of 14 December 1798. The court martial exonerated Captain Henry Jenkins of Ambuscade, though a good case could be made that he exhibited poor leadership and ship handling. The French brought her into service as Embuscade.

Napoleonic Wars

On 28 May 1803,  recaptured her. She had a crew of 187 men under the command of capitaine de vaisseau Fradin, and was 30 days out of Cap Francais, bound for Rochefort. The Royal Navy took her back into service as Ambuscade.

In March 1805, she was attached to Sir James Craig's military expedition to Italy. Along with , Craig's flagship, and , Ambuscade escorted a fleet of transports to Malta.

On 4 March 1807, Ambuscade captured the ship Istria. Unité, ,  and  (or Weazle) were in company and shared in the prize money.

Fate
Ambuscade was broken up in 1810.

Notes

Citations

References

 Wareham, Tom (2001) The star captains: frigate command in the Napoleonic Wars. (Annapolis, Md. Naval Inst. Press).
 Michael Phillips' ships of the old Navy
 Naval history of Great Britain , by William James

External links

Frigates of the Royal Navy
Age of Sail frigates of France
Ships built in Deptford
1773 ships
Frigates of the French Navy
Captured ships


Asclepias eriocarpa is a species of milkweed known by the common names woollypod milkweed, Indian milkweed, and kotolo. It is a perennial herb that grows in many types of habitats.

Description
Asclepias eriocarpa is an erect perennial herb which is usually coated in a thick layer of white hairs. The leaves are lance-shaped to oval, rippled, and arranged oppositely in pairs or in whorls of 3 or 4. The inflorescence is a large umbel-like cluster of flowers. Each flower is white to cream and usually tinted with bright pink. It has a central array of rounded hoods and a corolla reflexed against the stalk. The fruit is a large, woolly follicle. Flowers bloom May to October.

Distribution and habitat
Asclepias eriocarpa is native to California and adjacent parts of Nevada and Baja California. It grows in many habitat types such as rocky hillsides, woods, deserts, and especially dry areas.

Uses
The plant was used as a source of fiber and medicine by several California Indian groups, including the Ohlone and Luiseño. The Concow tribe calls the plant bō'-kō (Konkow language).

Ecology
Asclepias eriocarpa is a specific monarch butterfly food and habitat plant.
It is one of the most poisonous milkweeds. Natural History July/August 2015 calls it the most poisonous, but most sources put it below A. lancifolia (now known as Asclepias perennis).

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment: Asclepias eriocarpa
Asclepias eriocarpa Photo gallery

eriocarpa
Butterfly food plants
Flora of Baja California
Flora of California
Flora of Nevada
Flora of the Cascade Range
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
Flora of the California desert regions
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of the Central Valley (California)
Natural history of the Colorado Desert
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
Natural history of the Santa Monica Mountains
Natural history of the Transverse Ranges


Pat Desmond (1842 - February 28, 1890) was a lawman and gunman of the American Old West. He was listed as one of the twelve most underestimated gunmen of the Old West in the book "Deadly Dozen", written by Robert K. DeArment.

Early life

Desmond was born in County Cork, Ireland, and descended from a long line of noblemen from South Munster, Ireland. His father had been imprisoned along with another relative, an Earl of Desmond, and his property confiscated by the English. In 1864, at the age of 22, Desmond emigrated to the United States. While working in mining camps in the US, he became a member of a revolutionary group called the Fenian Brotherhood, intent on overthrowing the English control in Ireland. The group was victorious in the 1866 Battle of Ridgeway, but ultimately the movement faltered when the United States intervened. Desmond was part of a force led by Fenian General John O'Neil that invaded Canada from Buffalo, New York. Pursued by a US force led by George G. Meade, the Fenian's were chased down and captured.

Desmond left for Chicago, Illinois following his release, and began working for the Chicago and North Western Transportation Company. By 1869, Desmond was working construction in Kansas. A few months later he had arrived in Kit Carson, Colorado, a town that had almost overnight exploded into a population of over 1,500 people. Desmond was appointed town constable, after which he hired Tom "Bear River" Smith as his deputy, and together the two made a name for themselves due to their abilities and controlling the town and its crime rate. By 1870, Smith had gone on to become the Marshal of Abilene, Kansas, where he would ultimately be killed in a gunfight, after which he was replaced by Wild Bill Hickok.

Life on the frontier

Desmond left Kit Carson and owned a restaurant in Golden, Colorado, then later a saloon in Georgetown, Colorado. He went back to work for the railroad, and by 1872 he had married and settled in Pueblo, Colorado. Not long afterward he began working as a deputy for the Pueblo County, Colorado Sheriffs Office. He quickly developed a dangerous reputation, due mostly to his tendency to never back away from a fight. Those who remembered him often indicated that he almost welcomed a fight. This also led to his having a reputation for police brutality.

On December 6, 1877, Desmond arrested Robert Schalme, wanted for the murder of a butcher. Jailing Schalme in Georgetown, a mob shortly thereafter broke into the local jail and lynched him. Desmond would later act as the hangman in the execution of murderer Victor Nunez. In June 1879, Desmond assisted Ford County, Kansas Sheriff Bat Masterson in apprehending a Dodge City, Kansas escapee. That same month he found himself in the middle of the Royal Gorge War, fought between the workers for the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, and the Santa Fe Railroad, over right of way. On June 11, 1879, Desmond led fifty men in taking over a telegraph office . Several men on both sides were allegedly killed or injured during this time. Ironically, Masterson and noted gunmen Ben Thompson and Doc Holliday were among those in opposition.

Desmond and Pueblo County Sheriff Henley Price were arrested for the assault, and charged with numerous counts of murder. However, the charges were soon dismissed. By now, the newspaper South Pueblo News was hailing Desmond as the "best thief catcher in all the Pueblos". On June 28, 1881, Desmond captured an outlaw believed to be named Henry W. Burton, for a stagecoach robbery, quickly discovering that Burton was also wanted for two armed robberies in Arkansas. On July 1, 1881, Desmond boarded a train bound for Denver, Colorado, to transport Burton into the custody of Federal authorities.

When the train slowed while climbing a steep grade near Castle Rock, Colorado, Burton took advantage of the trains slow speed and jumped off. Desmond immediately pursued him, with both men running into the forest. Desmond fired three rounds, creasing Burton's head with one shot, knocking him to the ground. Upon reaching Denver, Desmond learned that his suspect was actually Hamilton "Ham" White, the most wanted stagecoach robber in the nation, with an outstanding reward on him for $1,200.

O'Connor/Desmond gunfight

Back in Pueblo, on February 11, 1882, Desmond was summoned to Union Station where several African American men and women complained that a local police officer, John T. "Jack" O'Connor had abused them. Desmond located O'Connor, who was intoxicated, and the two became involved in an argument witnessed by Patrolman Rube Gutshall. Desmond fired O'Connor on the spot, enraging the latter. When Desmond went to remove O'Connor's badge, O'Connor punched him in the face, knocking Desmond down to the ground. O'Connor then went for his gun, and Desmond responded by drawing his own.

Desmond fired twice, hitting O'Connor with both rounds, in the left thigh. O'Connor fired three times, missing all three times. Gutshall, Deputy Dave Abrams, and Pinkerton Detective Bill Richardson then wrestled O'Connor into custody. For unknown reasons, no charges were ever filed against O'Connor, and in addition to firing O'Connor, Desmond suspended Gutshall alleging that the latter failed to back him up in the affair. This led to a bitter feud between the police department and the sheriff's office, and eventually the city council fired Desmond over the affair, and reinstated Gutshall and O'Connor. Henry Jameson was appointed as City Marshal to replace Desmond.

Desmond had ample support from citizen groups following this incident to run for the office of mayor, but he declined. He began drinking often, and in the months following the incident he became involved in numerous saloon brawls. In April 1882, his 8-year-old daughter Mamie died from diphtheria, which was ravaging Pueblo. Two weeks later, his 2-year-old son died from the same thing, further driving Desmond into despair. Two other sons were stricken with diphtheria, and hovered near death but survived. His wife, Annie, severely depressed over the loss of their two children, and extremely unhappy due to Desmond's increased drinking and her unhappiness at being in Pueblo all together, took their two remaining sons and moved to Peoria, Illinois. Desmond followed her there, and brought them back to Pueblo. The couple attempted to save the marriage, but divorced in November 1882.

Detective agency and after

Desmond sold off his properties, making in excess of $15,000, and started the Southern Colorado Detective Agency, in association with the Rocky Mountain Detective Agency. He hired several former officers who had supported him during the earlier feud with the police department officials and the city, including Bill Richardson. He then began working as an independent force inside the town, something that was fiercely opposed by Marshal Henry Jameson and his department. Over the next few months, however, the detective agency made more arrests than the city police department, capturing several noted thieves and one murderer. This further led to discontent between Desmond and the police. In May 1883, Desmond captured noted horse thief Joe Ward, which led to a fight between Desmond and several local supporters of Ward.

On February 9, 1883, Desmond became involved in an argument with city police officer R.A. Caldwell, partly due to Caldwell's dislike of Desmond's detective agency, and partly over a local woman that both men had been involved with romantically. When Desmond was not looking, Caldwell hit him over the head with his pistol, causing the pistol to discharge and crease Desmond's head. Desmond recovered his senses partially, and staggered down the street. Recovering a few minutes later, Desmond took a pistol from a friend and returned in search of Caldwell. When the two men saw one another they both began firing.

One of Desmond's shots hit Caldwell in the shoulder, whereas Caldwell missed with every shot. When both had emptied their pistols, Caldwell ran to Desmond and again hit him over the head with his pistol. Marshal Jameson arrived shortly thereafter and took both men into custody. Two bystanders, George Wilson and Frank Howard, had been wounded by stray bullets. Charges were never filed against Caldwell, and charges against Desmond were later dismissed.

On January 2, 1884, Desmond's livery stable caught fire. Thirteen horses died in the fire, including a prized stallion. Desmond opted to not return to the livery business, and instead opened a saloon, called Star. His detective agency languished, and eventually died out. He served again as a deputy sheriff, and as a constable, thus remaining in law enforcement. By 1885 he had remarried, to a woman named Eva, and although he continued to find himself involved in numerous bar brawls, the couple seemingly had a solid marriage.

On December 19, 1888, Desmond became involved in an argument with a man named Frank Owenby, who owed Desmond money. The incident took place inside the A.C. Daniel's Drug Store, and the pharmacist present that day became concerned that it would become violent, and called the local police by way of police whistle. Jack O'Connor, the officer with whom Desmond had been involved in a gunfight six years prior, responded along with two other officers, Johnny Burke and Danny O'Kelly. The officers were able to calm the situation, and Desmond left.

However, half an hour later Desmond returned, obviously believing that Owenby would no longer be there, and in the company of his wife Eva. The two again argued, and Desmond advanced toward Owenby, unarmed except for a walking cane. Owenby drew a .38 caliber pistol and shot Desmond twice, wounding him, with Eva Desmond immediately jumping between the two men causing Owenby to stop shooting. Officers Caldwell and O'Kelly responded, arresting Owenby and calling for medical assistance for Desmond. Desmond recovered, and eventually the charges against Owenby were dropped short of a fine. Owenby would later brag of the shooting, and would eventually claim that he had killed Desmond that day, omitting the fact that Desmond was not only unarmed, but in fact did not die at all.

In the summer of 1889, Desmond and his wife Eva had moved to Ogden, Utah, opening the Ogden River Resort. There, on the night of July 18, 1889, Desmond and Jack Williams, both drunk, became involved in an argument. Williams was much younger than Desmond, and quickly began getting the best of him during a fist fight. Seeing this, Eva Desmond ran forward and thrust a pistol into Desmond's hand. Desmond pushed the pistol into Williams' chest, but as he fired someone grabbed his arm causing the shot to go high, creasing Williams in the head. Patrons wrestled the pistol from Desmond, but he and Williams continued to fight. Eventually Desmond collapsed from fatigue, and the affair ended. No charges were ever filed against either man.

Closing the resort, again the couple moved, but later returned to Ogden. By that time, a feud over money owed to him by former employee Tom Todd had gotten out of control. Todd had a reputation also as a brawler, and had spent time in jail in Pueblo for shooting and wounding businessman Bert Reynolds. Desmond and Todd became involved in an argument over the affair one night inside the Bear Saloon, and Desmond drew his pistol. However, Todd was unarmed, and the saloon owner, Gus Vogus, was an old friend to Desmond and was able to calm the situation and allow Todd to leave.

On the night of February 28, 1890, Desmond met Todd and another man, Tom O'Neil, inside the Little King Saloon. The three men had drinks, and seemingly by later accounts seemed to be getting along fine. They left, moving down the street to the Capital Saloon, where they continued drinking. Shortly after their arrival, Todd saw bartender W.P. Collier secretly pass something to Desmond, which Desmond then placed into his pocket. Desmond then, in an obvious attempt to goad Todd into a fight, removed a handkerchief and some white gloves from Todd's coat pocket. Todd demanded the property back, and versions conflict as to what exactly happened next. Todd claimed Desmond pulled a pistol, but witnesses said that never happened.

Witness and musician E.T. Roach stated that shots rang out, and he saw Desmond holding his shoulder, at which point more shots sounded. Desmond fell over onto the floor, at which point Todd leisurely strode over and shot more shots into Desmond's prone body. A gun was found on Desmond's person, in his pocket, but in his hand he held only a cigar. Todd was arrested and charged with murder, yet he claimed self defense. Desmond's wife Eva returned her husband's body to Pueblo, where he was buried. His estate was worth $75,000 at the time of his death, leaving his widow and children financially secure. Tom Todd was convicted of manslaughter, and sentenced to five years in prison. After his release, he shot and killed another man in Arapahoe County, Colorado, and was sentenced to eight years in prison. He escaped from jail, and disappeared.

External links
Pat Desmond

Gunslingers of the American Old West
Lawmen of the American Old West
1890 deaths
People murdered in Utah
Deaths by firearm in Utah
1842 births
American murder victims
 1890 murders in the United States


Inezia is a genus of South African plants in the sunflower family.

Etymology
The genus name honours Inez Clare Verdoorn (1896–1989), a South African taxonomist.

Description
The species Inezia integrifolia was first described by Klatt as Lidbeckia integrifolia and occurs in Mpumalanga and Eswatini. It is described by Phillips as "a perennial herb with unbranched stems from a woody rootstock; leaves alternate, linear to lanceolate, punctate, pilose; heads solitary, terminal, peduncled."

 Species
 Inezia integrifolia (Klatt) E.Phillips - Mpumalanga, Eswatini
 Inezia speciosa Brusse - Limpopo

References

Flora of Southern Africa
Anthemideae
Asteraceae genera
Taxa named by Edwin Percy Phillips


Podborek is a village in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland.

Podborek may also refer to:
Podborek (Piwonin), part of the village of Piwonin in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Podborek (Śniadków Górny A), part of the village of Śniadków Górny A in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)


Inam-ul-Haq (), meaning Gift of the Truth, is a masculine Islamic given name.).

Notable bearers of the name include;

Cricketers
Inam-ul-Haq (Lahore cricketer) (born 1943), Pakistani cricketer
Enamul Haque (cricketer, born 1966), Bangladeshi cricketer (also known as Enamul Haque Moni)
Inam-ul-Haq (cricketer) (born 1979), Pakistani cricketer
Inam-ul-Haq (Quetta cricketer) (active 1973-74), Pakistani cricketer
Enamul Haque (Sylhet cricketer, born 1986) (born 1986), Bangladeshi cricketer (also known as Enamul Haque Jr)
Anamul Haque (born 1992), Bangladeshi cricketer

Footballers
Enamul Haque (footballer) (born 1985), Bangladeshi footballer
Anamul Haque Sharif (born 1985), Bangladeshi footballer

Academic
 Muhammad Enamul Haq (1902–1982), 3rd Vice-Chancellor of Jahangirnagar University.
 Muhammad Enam-Ul Haque (1939–2015), 4th Vice-chancellor of Islamic University, Bangladesh.
 Muhammad Enamul Huq (born 1947),  Bangladeshi politician from Chapai
 Enamul Haque (born 1994), Bangladeshi Physicist and Materials Scientist

Others
 ARM Inamul Haque (1921–1977), Bangladeshi engineer, veteran and social worker
 Enamul Huq (museologist) (born 1937), Bangladeshi museologist
 Enamul Haque Mostafa Shahid (1938–2016), Bangladeshi politician
 Enamul Huq (born 1938), Inspector-general of police in Bangladesh
 Inamul Haque (scientist) (1940–2014), Indian chemistry lecturer
 Enamul Haque (actor) (1943–2021), Bangladeshi actor and academic
 Enamul Haque Chowdhury (1948–2011), politician in Sylhet District of Bangladesh. Jatiya party ledger and Member of Parliament
 AKM Enamul Haque Shamim (born 1965), Bangladesh Awami League member of Parliament
 Enamul Haque (engineer) (born 1969), Bangladesh Awami League Member of Parliament
 Inaamulhaq (born 1979), Indian actor and screenwriter
 Inam-ul-Haq (diplomat) (born 1940), Pakistani diplomat

References

Masculine given names


Jalan Seremban-Labu-Nilai, Federal Route 362 (formerly Negeri Sembilan State Route N38), is a federal road in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Prior to the North-South Expressway, this road was the main road connecting Nilai to Seremban. Even with the expressway, this road is still the main route serving Labu and Tiroi and Bandar Ainsdale.

The Kilometre Zero is located at Seremban.

At most sections, the Federal Route 362 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, with a speed limit of 90 km/h.

List of junctions

References

Malaysian Federal Roads


John Law was a Hong Kong film director and screenwriter best known for his films of the 1970s.Law is credited with 10 films as an actor, 35 films as a director, 15 films as a writer and 7 films as a producer.

Early life
On November 4, 1938, Law was born in Taiwan.

Career
In 1957, Law started his acting career in Hong Kong. Law first appeared in He Has Taken Him for Another, a 1957 Mandarin Comedy film directed by Li Han-Hsiang. Law also appeared in The Lady of Mystery, a 1957 Mandarin thriller film directed by 	Wa Hak-Ngai.

Law wrote the script for the 1961 film The Search Of Loved One  but by 1968 he had moved into directing and writing, directing his first film in this year entitled A Time for Reunion , a film which starred Alan Tang who would feature in many of his later films in the 1970s.

In the 1970s, John began working under the renowned Hong Kong film studios, Shaw Studio, responsible for producing many of Hong Kong's classic martial arts film during this period. In 1976 John directed and wrote the script for The Girlie Bar, an adult film oriented drama featuring Chan Ping, Yau Fung, Lin Chen Chi and James Nam and Tony Liu. Similarly his film later that year Bruce Lee and I starred Betty Ting, Danny Lee, Yuen Cheung and Tony Liu. His 1977 romance film Orchid In The Rain, which also starred frequent star in his films, Alan Tang, Brigitte Lin also pushed boundaries in terms of intimacy on screen.
He would however, direct several kung fu films, notably in 1979 the films Monkey Kung Fu and
Five Super Fighters, and Boxer From The Temple  in 1981. Boxer From The Temple was to be his last film as a director and under Shaw Studios.
Law is credited with 10 films as an actor, 35 films as a director, 15 films as a writer and 7 films as a producer.

Filmography
The Lady Of Mystery (1957) -Actor
The Search Of Loved One (1961) -Writer
The Black Fox (1962) -Actor
The Love Eterne (1963) -Actor
The Empress Wu Tse-Tien (1963) - Actor
A Time for Reunion (1968) Director and Writer
Red Light, Green Light (1969) -Director
Miss Not Home (1970) -Director and Writer
Money and I (1971) -Director and Writer
Maria (1971) -Director, -Writer
Bus Stop (1971) Director, -Writer
Black List (1972) Director, -Writer
Tiger (1973) Director, -Writer
Black Guide (1973) -Director and Writer
Back Street (1973) -Director
The Crazy Bumpkins (1974) -Director
Thief Of Thieves (1975)- Director
Return Of The Crazy Bumpkin (1975)- Director
The Happy Trio (1975) -Director
The Girlie Bar (1976) -Director, Original Story
Crazy Bumpkin In Singapore (1976) -Director
Bruce Lee And I (1976) -Director and Lyricist
Big Times For The Crazy Bumpkins (1976) -Director and Writer
Orchid In The Rain (1977) -Director
Forever and Ever (1977) -Director
 1978 To Love Or Not To Love -Director
 1978 The Chase  - Director
 1979 Monkey Kung Fu (aka Stroke of Death) - Director, screenwriter.
 1979 Five Super Fighters -Director
 1979 Busting Prostitution Rackets -Director
Young Outcasts (1980) -Director
Boxer From The Temple (1981) -Director
The Black Sheep (1983) -Writer

References

External links

HKcinemagic
 John Law Ma at letterboxd.com

Hong Kong film directors
Living people
1938 births


Papyrus 14 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1036 (in the Soden's numbering), signed by 𝔓14, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript written in form of codex. The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to the 5th century.

Description
The manuscript contains the text of the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1:25-27; 2:6-8; 3:8-10; 3:19-20). The manuscript is written in 1 column per page.

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category II.

It was discovered in Saint Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai in Egypt by J. Rendel Harris, who published its text in 1890. It was also examined by Schofield.

The manuscript currently is housed at the Saint Catherine's Monastery (Harris 14).

See also
 List of New Testament papyri
 Papyrus 11

References

Further reading

 James Rendel Harris, Biblical fragments from Mount Sinai I, (London 1890), pp. 54–56.

Papyrus 0014
Papyrus 0014
First Epistle to the Corinthians papyri


Funded by the National Science Foundation, the Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) program was established in 2003 to address the looming shortage of technology workers in the United States. ITEST engages students and teachers in authentic, hands-on learning experiences in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (commonly referred to as 'STEM' or 'SET' [more common in the U.K.]).

As of early 2012, the program is in its ninth year. Over 195 individual projects across 43 states have been funded. It has impacted:
 over 225,800 students, grades 6–12
 over 8,000 teachers
 over 3,000 parents and caregivers

The ITEST Learning Resource Center (ITEST LRC) at Education Development Center assists the projects in building bridges between formal and informal learning by facilitating an inclusive community of practice. Findings and lessons learned are shared nationally to improve policy and practice. Visit the website with the link below, or view a 2-page overview (Snapshot).

External links
 https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5467
 http://itestlrc.edc.org/
 http://itestlrc.edc.org/sites/itestlrc.edc.org/files/Snapshot_2012_Final.pdf

National Science Foundation
Science education


Papyrus 15 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), signed by 𝔓15, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It was originally a papyrus manuscript of the Pauline Corpus of letters, but now only contains 1 Corinthians 7:18-8:4. The manuscript has been palaeographically assigned to the 3rd century.

Description

The manuscript is written in a documentary hand. There are about 37-38 lines per page. Grenfeld and Hunt conjectured that 𝔓15 and 𝔓16 might have been part of the same manuscript. Both manuscripts have the same formation of letters, line space, and punctuation.

The Greek text of this codex is probably a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, however the text is too brief to determine this exactly. Aland placed it in Category I. It was the last papyrus classified by Gregory, in 1915. It is currently housed at the Egyptian Museum (JE 47423) in Cairo.

See also

 List of New Testament papyri

References

Further reading

 B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, The Oxyrhynchus Papyri VII, (London 1910), pp. 4–8.

External links

 P. Oxy. 1008 – image

Egyptian Museum
New Testament papyri
3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
First Epistle to the Corinthians papyri


The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout competition in English football, organised by and named after The Football Association (the FA). It is the oldest existing football competition in the world, having commenced in the 1871–72 season. The tournament is open to all clubs in the top 10 levels of the English football league system, although a club's home stadium must meet certain requirements prior to entering the tournament. The competition culminates at the end of the league season (usually in May) with the FA Cup Final, officially named The Football Association Challenge Cup Final Tie, which has traditionally been regarded as the showpiece finale of the English football season.

The vast majority of FA Cup final matches have been in London: most of these were played at the original Wembley Stadium, which was used from 1923 until the stadium closed in 2000. The other venues used for the final before 1923 were Kennington Oval, Crystal Palace, Stamford Bridge and Lillie Bridge, all in London, Goodison Park in Liverpool and Fallowfield Stadium and Old Trafford in Manchester. The Millennium Stadium in Cardiff hosted the final for six years (2001–2006), while the new Wembley Stadium was under construction. Other grounds have been used for replays, which until 1999 took place if the initial match ended in a draw. The new Wembley Stadium has been the permanent venue of the final since 2007.

As of 2023, 44 clubs have won the FA Cup. The record for the most wins is held by Arsenal, with 14 victories. The cup has been won by the same team in two or more consecutive years on ten occasions, and four teams have won consecutive finals more than once: Wanderers, Blackburn Rovers, Tottenham Hotspur and Arsenal. The cup has been won by a non-English team once: Cardiff City in 1927. The current holders are Manchester City, who defeated local rivals Manchester United in the 2023 final.

History

The winners of the first tournament were Wanderers, a team of former public schoolboys based in London, who went on to win the competition five times in its first seven seasons. The early winners of the competition were all teams of wealthy amateurs from the south of England, but in 1883, Blackburn Olympic became the first team from the north to win the cup, defeating Old Etonians. Upon his team's return to Blackburn, Olympic captain Albert Warburton proclaimed: "The Cup is very welcome to Lancashire. It'll have a good home and it'll never go back to London".

With the advent of professionalism at around the same time, the amateur teams quickly faded from prominence in the competition. The leading professional clubs formed The Football League in 1888. Since then, one non-league team has won the cup. Tottenham Hotspur, then of the Southern League, defeated Sheffield United of The Football League to win the 1901 final. A year later Sheffield United returned to the final and won the cup, which then remained in the hands of Northern and Midland clubs until Tottenham won it again in 1921. In 1927, Cardiff City, a team which plays in the English football league system despite being based in Wales, won the cup, the only non-English club to do so. Scottish club Queens Park reached the final twice in the early years of the competition.

The competition was not held during the First and Second World Wars, except in the 1914–15 season, when it was completed, and the 1939–40 season, when it was abandoned during the qualifying rounds.

Newcastle United enjoyed a brief spell of FA Cup dominance in the 1950s, winning the trophy three times in five years, and in the 1960s, Tottenham Hotspur enjoyed a similar spell of success, with three wins in seven seasons. This marked the start of a successful period for London-based clubs, with 11 wins in 22 seasons. Teams from the second tier of English football, at the time called the Second Division, experienced an unprecedented run of cup success between 1973 and 1980. Sunderland won the cup in 1973, Southampton repeated the feat in 1976, and West Ham United won in 1980, the most recent victory by a team from outside the top division.

Until 1999, a draw in the final would result in the match being replayed at a later date; since then the final has always been decided on the day, with a penalty shoot-out as required. As of 2022 a penalty shoot-out has been required on only three occasions, in the 2005, 2006 and 2022 finals. Arsenal hold the record for the highest number of FA Cup wins, having claimed the trophy 14 times, most recently in 2020.

Results

 The "Season" column refers to the season the competition was held, and wikilinks to the article about that season.
 The wikilinks in the "Score" column point to the article about that season's final game.
All teams are English, except where marked  (Scottish) or   (Welsh).

Results by team
Teams shown in italics are no longer in existence. Additionally, Queen's Park ceased to be eligible to enter the FA Cup after a Scottish Football Association ruling in 1887.

Top goalscorers
Players with three or more goals

See also
 List of association football competitions

Notes

References

External links
 The FA Cup Archive at TheFA.com
 England FA Challenge Cup Finals at RSSSF.com

FA Cup

FA Cup
FA Cup


John Greaves (1602–1652) was an English mathematician and antiquary.

John Greaves may also refer to:

John Greaves (musician) (born 1950), British bass guitarist and composer
John Edward Greaves (1846-1923), industrialist and British vice-consul at Berdiansk, Russian Empire.
John Ernest Greaves (1847–1945), Welsh slate mine owner and Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire
John Whitehead Greaves (1807–1880), English businessman
Johnny Greaves (boxer) (born 1979), English boxer
Johnny Greaves (rugby league) (born 1943), Australian rugby player
Johnny Greaves (racing driver) (born 1966), American racetrack driver

See also
John Grieve (disambiguation)


The Black Fox (黑狐狸) is a 1962 Hong Kong thriller film directed by Yan Jun. The film was produced under the Shaw Brothers banner in the Mandarin language.

Cast
Li Lihua
Yan Jun
Yeung Chi Hing
Grace Ding Ning
Cheung Kwong Chiu
Hung Mei
Chan Yau San
Zhu Mu
Feng Yi
Ng Lai Ping
John Law Ma

References

External links
 IMDb entry

1962 films
1960s thriller films
1960s Mandarin-language films
Shaw Brothers Studio films
Hong Kong thriller films


Harirampur may refer to:

 Harirampur Upazila, an upazila (subdistrict) of Bangladesh
 Harirampur (community development block), a subdistrict in Dakshin Dinajpur district, West Bengal, India
 Harirampur, West Bengal, a town in India
 Harirampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency), a constituency of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly