William John Smith (born December 12, 1950) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He won four Stanley Cups with the New York Islanders and was the first goalie to be credited with a goal in the NHL. In 2017 Smith was named one of the 100 Greatest NHL Players in history.

Playing career

NHL beginnings
Smith was drafted by the Los Angeles Kings in the 5th round of the 1970 NHL Amateur Draft from the Cornwall Royals of the QMJHL. He played two seasons with the Kings' minor league affiliate, the American Hockey League's Springfield Kings, and spent a brief stint with the big-league Kings after winning a Calder Cup for Springfield in 1971.

He made his NHL debut with the Los Angeles Kings on February 12, 1972, at the Montreal Forum. L.A. lost the game 6-5. Smith faced 48 shots that afternoon, yielding the winning goal to Guy Lafleur with 22 seconds remaining in the game. He was drafted in the 1972 NHL Expansion Draft by the New York Islanders; he was the second player picked by the team.

After sharing goaltending duties with Gerry Desjardins for two years, he got the starting job all to himself in 1974–75 when Desjardins bolted to the World Hockey Association. That season, he led the Islanders to their first playoff appearance.

New York Islanders
Smith played in the 1978 All-Star Game, where he was named MVP. For the rest of the decade, he shared time in the Islanders net with Chico Resch, where they combined to form perhaps the top goaltending duo in the NHL at the time.  This changed in the 1980 playoffs, when the Isles rode Smith's goaltending to their first of four consecutive Stanley Cups, firmly establishing Smith as the team's starting goaltender.  Resch was dealt to the Colorado Rockies the following season.  Smith went on to become a First Team All-Star and Vezina Trophy winner in 1982. In 1983, he won the William M. Jennings Trophy for fewest goals allowed (shared with Roland Melanson).  He was chosen to play for Canada in the 1981 Canada Cup, but was unable to play due to an injury sustained in a pre-tournament game.

Smith's regular season success, however, was surpassed by his performances in the playoffs, as he helped the Islanders win four straight Stanley Cups (1980–83), reach the finals five straight times (1980–84), and win a record 19 consecutive playoff series from 1980–84.

Smith was the first goalie to win the Stanley Cup wearing the helmet-and-cage combination mask, rather than the fiberglass mask which had been the standard from 1959, when it was introduced by Jacques Plante, until the early 1980s. Smith wore a fiberglass mask early in his career, but switched to the helmet-and-cage in 1978.

His single most famous game may be his 2–0 victory in the first game of the 1983 Stanley Cup finals against the Edmonton Oilers, shutting out the likes of Mark Messier, Wayne Gretzky, Jari Kurri, and Paul Coffey. The Islanders went on to sweep the Oilers in 4 games, with Smith allowing the Oilers only 6 goals and winning the Conn Smythe Trophy as Most Valuable Player in the Playoffs. A year later, Smith broke the record for the most Playoff victories: he led all goaltenders in playoff victories in total and in every individual year between 1980 and 1984. Then in 1985, Smith led the Islanders to win 3 straight games after being down 0–2 to the Washington Capitals, the first time such a comeback occurred in the NHL. Smith's playoff success feeds into his reputation as the supreme "money" goalie (or "clutch" goaltender) of his era, the person you would want in net with the season on the line. Teammates and observers have said that Smith seemed able to sense when he needed to be perfect to win and when he could give up five goals and still come away with the victory.

First NHL goal credited to a goaltender
Smith was the first NHL goaltender to be credited with scoring a goal. On November 28, 1979, in a game between the Islanders and the Colorado Rockies, the Rockies' goaltender left the ice for an extra attacker after a delayed penalty call was called on the Islanders. The puck deflected off of Smith's chest protector into the corner. Rockies rookie Rob Ramage picked up the puck and accidentally made a blind pass from the corner boards in the opposing zone to the blue line. Nobody was there to receive the pass, and so the puck sailed all the way down the length of the ice and into the Rockies' net. As Smith had been the last Islanders player to touch the puck, he was credited with the goal.

Retirement
Smith retired in 1989; he was the last original Islander still on the team. After four years as the Islanders' goaltending coach, he followed longtime Islander general manager Bill Torrey to the expansion Florida Panthers in the same role, serving there until his retirement in 2000.  He had spent 30 years at ice level in the NHL, the last 28 of them alongside Torrey with the Islanders (1972-1992) and the Panthers (1992-2000).

The Islanders retired his #31 on February 20, 1993. Later that year, he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame, the only goalie inducted in the Hall in the 1990s. In 1998, he was ranked number 80 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players.

Personality
He was nicknamed "Battlin' Billy" or "Hatchet Man" for his fiery temper and unabashed use of the stick or blocker on players crowding his crease; as such, forwards needed ankle guards to protect themselves.

Smith was also noted for his displays of feigned injuries that would often lead to penalties against opponents, for whom he carried an undisguised enmity. For instance, in Game Four of the 1983 Stanley Cup Finals, Smith's dive resulted in referee Andy Van Hellemond handing a five-minute penalty to Glenn Anderson of the Edmonton Oilers. Van Hellemond said that this was "making a bit of a fool of me", and when he officiated Game One of the 1984 Finals, a rematch of the Islanders and Oilers, he called no penalty when Smith and Anderson collided.

Smith refused to participate in the traditional handshakes between teams at the end of a playoff series.

A notable incident with Smith occurred in practice where then-teammate Mike Bossy fired a shot at Smith to which Smith objected. Smith charged after Bossy with his stick but was tackled by teammates before Smith took his frustrations out on Bossy. Bossy also noted that Smith never liked being talked to in the locker room, and keeping an intense focus before and after games and practices, but is much more laid-back off the ice.

Awards and achievements
 Calder Cup championship in 1971.
 Played in 1978 NHL All-Star Game.
 Selected to the NHL First All-Star Team in 1982.
 Vezina Trophy winner in 1982.
 Conn Smythe Trophy winner in 1983.
 William M. Jennings Trophy winner in 1983 (shared with Roland Melanson).
 Stanley Cup championships in 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983.
 First NHL goalie to be credited with a goal in 1979.
 Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1993.
 His #31 jersey was retired by the New York Islanders on February 20, 1993.
 In 1998, he was ranked number 80 on ''The Hockey News''' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players.
 1978 NHL All-Star Game MVP.
 In 2016, he was inducted into his home town Perth and District Sports Hall of Fame.
In 2017, he was listed on NHL's 100 Greatest Hockey Players

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

See also
List of NHL goaltenders with 300 wins

References

External links

 One for the Ages: Billy Smith's Incredible 1981-82 Season

1950 births
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Conn Smythe Trophy winners
Cornwall Royals (QMJHL) players
Florida Panthers coaches
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Los Angeles Kings draft picks
Los Angeles Kings players
National Hockey League goaltenders who have scored in a game
National Hockey League players with retired numbers
New York Islanders coaches
New York Islanders players
People from Perth, Ontario
Sportspeople from Lanark County
Springfield Kings players
Stanley Cup champions
Vezina Trophy winners
William M. Jennings Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey coaches


"Kiss or Kiss" is the fifth single released by Japanese rock singer Nana Kitade. The single reached #11 on the Oricon Charts (being her highest-charting song to date) and stayed on the charts for a total of eight weeks. The song was used as the ending song for the drama Anego, starring Jin Akanishi.

An English version of the song is featured on the U.S. re-release of 18: Eighteen as a bonus track and on her seventh single, "Slave of Kiss".

Music video
The music video for "Kiss or Kiss" takes place in a messy living room and bathroom, where she is shown playing guitar. There are scenes interspersed of a small room where confetti falls all over her while she plays.

Track listing
 Kiss or Kiss - 3:57
  - 3:32
 Kiss or Kiss (Instrumental) - 3:57

Charts

2005 singles
Nana Kitade songs
Songs written by Nana Kitade
Japanese television drama theme songs
2005 songs


John Renbourn is the debut album by John Renbourn.

Track listing
All tracks composed by John Renbourn, except where indicated.
 "Judy"
 "Beth's Blues" (Blind Boy Fuller)
 "Song" (poem by John Donne)
 "Down on the Barge"
 "John Henry" (Traditional; arranged by John Renbourn)
 "Plainsong"
 "Louisiana Blues" (Muddy Waters)
 "Blue Bones" (Renbourn, Bert Jansch)
 "Train Tune"
 "Candy Man" (Rev. Gary Davis)
 "The Wildest Pig in Captivity"
 "National Seven"
 "Motherless Children" (Traditional; arranged by John Renbourn)
 "Winter is Gone" (Traditional; arranged by John Renbourn)
 "Noah and Rabbit" (Renbourn, Bert Jansch)

Personnel
 John Renbourn - guitar, vocals
 Bert Jansch - guitar on "Blue Bones" and "Noah and Rabbit"
Technical
Jimmy Duncan, Nathan Joseph, Peter Attwood - recording
Brian Shuel - cover design, photography

References

1965 debut albums
John Renbourn albums
Transatlantic Records albums
Albums produced by Nathan Joseph


Gioele Dix, a pseudonym of his name David Ottolenghi (born 3 January 1956) is an Italian actor and comedian of Jewish descent.

Life
Gioele Dix began his theatrical career at the end of the 1970s, promoting and animating the Milan stage company Teatro degli Eguali. Among the numerous plays he took part in, are:  A Midsummer Night's Dream, a rock musical from  Shakespeare directed by Gabriele Salvatores;  A Martian in Rome by Ennio Flaiano and directed by Antonio Salines; two stagings of Molière’s, Le Malade imaginaire and Tartuffe with veteran actor Franco Parenti. Intending to pursue a career as stand-up comedian, he appeared at the Derby Club and the Zelig, important historical Milan cabarets, reaching fame in 1988 in the TV variety show Cocco by RAI2 with the character of a permanently enraged car driver ("fucking raving mad!").

In the 1990s he confirms his popularity as a stage actor, as well as a playwright, in a number of works and on TV, but often also as a comedian sending up and imitating renowned soccer players in prime-time Sports shows.

In the last few years, Dix had various movie engagements and filmed for the national TV together with Giorgio Albertazzi in 2004. Among the many theatrical works, he interpreted Cuori pazzi (Crazy Hearts) by F.T Altan (2000), Il libertino (The Libertine) by E.E. Schmitt together with Ottavia Piccolo (2001) where he is the first Italian man playing naked, Corto Maltese from scripts by Hugo Pratt and music by Paolo Conte. Recently he returned to the stage with Edipo.com, directed by famous Italian star Sergio Fantoni (2003); then La Bibbia ha quasi sempre ragione (The Bible Is Almost Always Right) with Cesare Picco at the piano (2004), all of them pièces enhancing the narrative dimension of the story, thus exploiting Dix’s natural talent as a raconteur.

In 2007 he was engaged in the cast of Zelig (a popular comedy TV show) as one of the comedians, interpreting his now famous caricature of the "permanently enraged car driver".

In  2008 he staged Tutta colpa di Garibaldi (It’s All Garibaldi’s Fault) with scripts by Gioele Dix, Sergio Fantoni and Nicola Fano, directed by Sergio Fantoni; he followed with the play Dixplay by himself, with the participation of Bebo Best Baldan.

Quote

Filmography
Crimini - Disegno di sangue, directed by Gianfranco Cabiddu per RAI2
Tracce di vita amorosa, directed by Peter Del Monte (1990)
Per non dimenticare, directed by Massimo Martelli (1992)
Tre passi nel delitto, directed by Fabrizio Laurenti (1993)
Bidoni, directed by Felice Farina (1995)
Olimpo Lupo, cronista di nera, directed by Fabrizio Laurenti (1995)
Uno di noi, (1996)
All the Moron's Men (1999)
Se fossi in te, directed by Giulio Manfredonia (2001)
Cerco lavoro, directed by Fratelli Frazzi (2002)
Marcinelle, directed by Vincenzo Verdecchi (2004)
Ora e per sempre, directed by Vincenzo Verdecchi (2004)
Ricomincio da me, directed by Rossella Izzo (2005)
A voce alta, directed by Vincenzo Verdecchi (2006)
Tutti i rumori del mondo, directed by Tiziana Aristarco (2007)
Happily Mixed Up, directed by Massimiliano Bruno (2014)

Theatre
La mia patente non scade mai, regia di Gioele Dix, (1988)(1989)
Mai a stomaco vuoto, regia di Gioele Dix, (1990)
Antologia di Edipo, regia di Gioele Dix, (1991)(1992)
Anna, regia di Gioele Dix, (1992)(1993)
Sto ristrutturando, regia di Gioele Dix, (1993)(1994)
Questa estate, regia di Gioele Dix, (1994)
Cinque Dix, regia di Gioele Dix, (1995)
Mi sembra che andiamo bene, regia di Gioele Dix, (1997)(1998)
L'uomo degli appuntamenti, regia di Gioele Dix, (1998)Recital, regia di Gioele Dix, (1999)Agamennone, regia di Giorgio Gallione, (2000)Cuori pazzi, regia di Giorgio Gallione, (2000)(2001)Il Libertino, regia di Sergio Fantoni, (2001)(2002)Mappa del nuovo mondo, lettura delle liriche di Derek Walcott, regia di Piero Maccarinelli, (2002)A posto così, regia di Gioele Dix, (2002)Corto Maltese, regia di Giorgio Gallione, (2003)(2004)Edipo.com, regia di Sergio Fantoni, (2003)(2004)(2005)La Bibbia ha (quasi) sempre ragione, regia di Andree Ruth Shamma, (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)Grand Tour, cronache di viaggiatori illustri, regia di Gioele Dix, (2004)Amore a prima vista, letture delle poesie con regia di Wislawa Szimborska, (2004)I ragazzi hanno orecchie, interpretazione delle fiabe di Fernand Deligny, regia di Gioele Dix, (2005)Meglio il nuovo oggi (L'innovazione fa spettacolo), regia di Serena Sinigaglia, (2006)Tutta colpa di Garibaldi, regia di Sergio Fantoni, (2008)Dixplay, regia di Giancarlo Bozzo, (2008)

 Bibliography
Dix has also published some books on amusing themes:
 Il manuale del vero automobilista (Manual Of The True Car Driver) (M.M., 1991)
 Cinque Dix (Five Dix) (Baldini&Castoldi, 1995)
 La Bibbia ha quasi sempre ragione (The Bible Is Almost Always Right) (Mondadori, 2003)
 Manuale dell'automobilista incazzato (Manual Of The Friggin’ Mad Car Driver) (Mondadori, 2007)

 External links

 Official YouTube Account
"Gieole Dix, My Roots", by C. Cannella (Corriere della Sera'', 2004)

Italian male comedians
20th-century Italian Jews
Jewish male comedians
Jewish male actors
Male actors from Milan
Living people
1956 births
Comedians from Milan


Ledo is a small town in Tinsukia district, Assam, India. , the Ledo railway station is the easternmost broad gauge railway station in India. The town is also the starting point of Ledo Road, also known as Stilwell Road, a highway built during World War II for use by American and British troops as a military supply route to China through Myanmar (Burma)

The first coal mine in Assam was started near Ledo in 1882 when the erstwhile Assam Railway & Trading Company was laying a metre gauge railway line in that region.And Ledo is famous for its high quality good coal

Nearest Town and Villages

 Tirap Gaon
 Lekhapani
 Margherita
 Tipong

References

Cities and towns in Tinsukia district


Selkirk was a small sternwheel steamer that operated on the Thompson and Columbia rivers in British Columbia from 1895 to 1917.  This vessel should not be confused with the much larger Yukon River sternwheeler Selkirk.

Design and construction
Selkirk was built by Alexander Watson, an experienced shipbuilder from Victoria, BC at Kamloops, BC for Harold E. Forster, a wealthy man who wanted a steamboat for private excursions in the Kamloops area.  The vessel was described as top-heavy.

Operations on the Thompson River

Forster operated Selkirk on the Thompson River until June 29, 1898, when 25 miles above Kamloops, Selkirk turned into an eddy and capsized.  A number of passengers, including some children, were trapped and nearly drowned, but were rescued before the vessel sank.  Three months later Forster was able to raise Selkirk.  While he was floating the vessel downstream to Kamloops for repair, the boat capsized again, and this time the deckhouse was washed away.  Eventually Forster was able to return to Kamloops with the wreck of the steamer.

Transfer to the Columbia River

Forster did nothing with the vessel until the spring of 1899, when he had Selkirk loaded onto two flatcars and shipped by rail to Golden, BC on the uppermost reaches of the Columbia River where the vessel was reconstructed.  Forster did not however immediately place the vessel in commercial service.  In 1906 gasoline engines were installed in place of the original steam engines.  In 1913 Selkirk was sold to Capt. E.N. Russell.

Withdrawal from service
Selkirk was withdrawn from the vessel register in 1917.  The vessel was hauled out on the ways at Golden, where she was apparently simply abandoned.

Notes

Further reading

 Faber, Jim, Steamer's Wake—Voyaging down the old marine highways of Puget Sound, British Columbia, and the Columbia River, Enetai Press, Seattle, WA 1985
 Timmen, Fritz, Blow for the Landing, 75-78, 134, Caxton Printers, Caldwell, ID 1972

Paddle steamers of British Columbia
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Columbia Valley
1895 ships


Andrew Austin Hawkins (born March 10, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver. He played six seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Cincinnati Bengals and Cleveland Browns and two seasons for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL), where he was part of back-to-back Grey Cup Championships. He had signed with the New England Patriots in the 2017 offseason, but announced his retirement just days before training camp. He played college football for the Toledo Rockets from 2004 to 2007.

Early career
Hawkins attended Bishop McCort High School in his hometown of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, where he played football and ran track. In football, he played as a running back and had 562 yards rushing and 10 touchdowns as a senior. He was named second-team All-state as a defensive back by PA Football News and Associated Press, and All-conference as a running back. In track & field, Hawkins competed in sprinting and jumping events. In sprints, he recorded a personal-best time of 11.33 seconds in the 100 meters, and was a member of the 4 × 100 m relay squad. He also participated in long jump (20 ft 2 in) and triple jump (41 ft 8 in).

Hawkins chose to attend college at the University of Toledo in Toledo, Ohio. He played at wide receiver and cornerback, making him the first Rocket to play both ways in 48 years.  Over four seasons, he played in 37 games, starting in 25. He finished his career with 67 receptions for 1,107 yards and five touchdowns. As a cornerback, he had two forced fumbles, one blocked punt and 21 tackles.

Professional career

Hawkins worked out with the Cleveland Browns after going undrafted in the 2008 NFL draft. He was not signed to play in the NFL and was out of football the entire 2008 season.

4th and Long
Hawkins competed as a contestant on Michael Irvin's football reality show 4th and Long. Hawkins was a runner-up to fellow receiver Jesse Holley. Hawkins was cut on the final episode along with future CFL player Ahmaad Smith.

Montreal Alouettes
He then signed with the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL) on December 5, 2008.

However, before his first CFL season in 2009, Hawkins went to compete on Michael Irvin's football reality show 4th and Long to compete for a spot on the Dallas Cowboys roster. He was named the runner-up.

Hawkins then went on to play with the Alouettes for two seasons. He scored his first CFL touchdown on October 12, 2009 during a Thanksgiving Day match-up against the Calgary Stampeders. He totaled only 41 receptions, 457 yards and five touchdowns in two seasons for the Alouettes, but was a part of the back-to-back Grey Cup championship teams.

St. Louis Rams
On January 12, 2011, Hawkins signed a contract with the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was waived on August 1, 2011.

Cincinnati Bengals

The Cincinnati Bengals claimed Hawkins off waivers on August 1, 2011. He debuted for the team on August 21, 2011 in Week 2 of the preseason against New York Jets, catching a 15-yard pass from Dan LeFevour. Hawkins was waived during final-day cuts on September 3 but he was re-signed to the team's practice squad the following day. Hawkins was added to the active roster after Jordan Shipley was placed on injured reserve.

Hawkins went on to record 23 receptions for 263 yards, both fifth among the team's receivers. He also had five rushes for 25 yards converted on nine third-down situations. His on-the-field performance made Hawkins a bit of a "fan favorite" among Bengals fans, who referred to him as "Baby Hawk".

He had a breakout season in 2012 for the Bengals, playing in 14 games and totaling 51 receptions for 533 yards and four touchdowns, plus six rushes for 30 yards.

In 2013, he suffered a serious ankle injury prior to the preseason and was placed on injured reserve with a designation for a possible return, meaning he could return and play by Week 9. He did return and played in the Bengals final eight games, totaling 12 receptions for 199 yards.

Cleveland Browns
Hawkins signed an offer sheet with the Cleveland Browns on March 12, 2014. The Bengals had until March 18 to match or the offer sheet would become an official contract. The Bengals declined to match the offer, and Hawkins became a member of the Browns with a reported four-year, $13.6 million contract, including a $3.8 million signing bonus. In his first season in Cleveland, Hawkins led the Browns with 63 catches for 824 yards and two touchdowns. On December 23, 2015, the Browns placed him on injured reserve.

On February 27, 2017, Hawkins was released by the Browns.

New England Patriots
On May 24, 2017, Hawkins signed a one-year contract with the New England Patriots.

Retirement
On July 25, 2017, Hawkins announced his retirement from the NFL.

Statistics

NFL

all stats from espn.com

CFL

Personal life
Hawkins is the younger brother of former NFL cornerback Artrell Hawkins. He is also the cousin of retired CFL slotback Geroy Simon, and former NFL offensive guard Carlton Haselrig.

Hawkins is a Christian. Hawkins has spoken about his faith saying, "I literally thank God every day for what I'm doing right now. I wouldn't change the way I got here at all. It taught me so much. It made me a better person and a better man. I'm just so thankful for where I am, and I wake up every day and thank God for it."

Hawkins graduated from Columbia University in 2017 with a master's degree in sports management from the School of Professional Studies with a 4.0 GPA.

Film and television career
Hawkins appears as an extra in the George Clooney film, The Ides of March.

Hawkins is now a host on SportsCenter on Snapchat. In addition to this Hawkins co-hosts a football based podcast called the Thom & Hawk Football Show with his former teammate from the Browns, Joe Thomas.

Hawkins hosts Discovery Channel's reality competition TV show Dodgeball Thunderdome along with YouTube star David Dobrik and Erin Lim.

Hawkins cohosts variety program "Roku Recommends" with actress Maria Menounos which premiered July 2021

References

External links

 Toledo Rockets bio
 Cincinnati Bengals bio
 Cleveland Browns bio

1986 births
Living people
Players of American football from Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Players of Canadian football from Pennsylvania
African-American players of American football
African-American players of Canadian football
American football wide receivers
Canadian football wide receivers
Toledo Rockets football players
Montreal Alouettes players
St. Louis Rams players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Cleveland Browns players
New England Patriots players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people


Richard Earl Bachtell Sr (October 27, 1906 – November 28, 1990) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Cheeseville, Wisconsin. In 1932 he finished sixth in the featherweight class.

He was also a USA Senior National Champion (1929-1931, 1934, 1935, and 1937). In 1988 he was inducted into the Washington County Sports Hall of Fame.

Later in life, Richard resided in York, Pennsylvania. He was an avid vintner and beekeeper, making homemade wine and honey in his cellar. His son, Richard Bachtell Jr., was born and raised in York, Pennsylvania.

References

External links
 Weightlifting Exchange
 Washington County Sports Hall of Fame

1906 births
1990 deaths
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
People associated with physical culture
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Washington County, Wisconsin
20th-century American sportsmen


Arne Enar "Arnie" Sundberg (January 1, 1906 – January 21, 1970) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Astoria, Oregon. Married to Ione Markwell, had four kids; Pat, Arnie, Ione and Vilas.

In 1932 he finished fifth in the lightweight class.

External links
 Profile

1906 births
1970 deaths
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
People from Astoria, Oregon
Sportspeople from Oregon
20th-century American people


Walter Zagurski (January 12, 1911 – February 27, 1959) was a Lithuanian-born American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1932 he finished sixth in the lightweight class. He was the founding editor of Strength & Health, and he was on the cover of its December 1932 issue. He was active in the York Barbell Club in York, Pennsylvania.

References

1911 births
1959 deaths
Lithuanian emigrants to the United States
People with acquired American citizenship
People associated with physical culture
People from York, Pennsylvania
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
American magazine editors


Layout designs (topographies) of integrated circuits are a field in the protection of intellectual property.

In United States intellectual property law, a "mask work" is a two or three-dimensional layout or topography of an integrated circuit (IC or "chip"), i.e. the arrangement on a chip of semiconductor devices such as transistors and passive electronic components such as resistors and interconnections. The layout is called a mask work because, in photolithographic processes, the multiple etched layers within actual ICs are each created using a mask, called the photomask, to permit or block the light at specific locations, sometimes for hundreds of chips on a wafer simultaneously.

Because of the functional nature of the mask geometry, the designs cannot be effectively protected under copyright law (except perhaps as decorative art). Similarly, because individual lithographic mask works are not clearly protectable subject matter; they also cannot be effectively protected under patent law, although any processes implemented in the work may be patentable. So since the 1990s, national governments have been granting copyright-like exclusive rights conferring time-limited exclusivity to reproduction of a particular layout. Terms of integrated circuit rights are usually shorter than copyrights applicable on pictures.

International law

A diplomatic conference was held at Washington, D.C., in 1989, which adopted a Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, also called the Washington Treaty or IPIC Treaty. The Treaty, signed at Washington on May 26, 1989, is open to member states of the United Nations (UN) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and to intergovernmental organizations meeting certain criteria. The Treaty has been incorporated by reference into the TRIPS Agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO), subject to the following modifications: the term of protection is at least 10 (rather than eight) years from the date of filing an application or of the first commercial exploitation in the world, but Members may provide a term of protection of 15 years from the creation of the layout-design; the exclusive right of the right-holder extends also to articles incorporating integrated circuits in which a protected layout-design is incorporated, in so far as it continues to contain an unlawfully reproduced layout-design; the circumstances in which layout-designs may be used without the consent of right-holders are more restricted; certain acts engaged in unknowingly will not constitute infringement.

The IPIC Treaty is currently not in force, but was partially integrated into the TRIPS agreement.

Article 35 of TRIPS in Relation to the IPIC Treaty states:

Members agree to provide protection to the layout-designs (topographies) of integrated circuits (referred to in this Agreement as "layout-designs") in accordance with Articles 2 through 7 (other than paragraph 3 of Article 6), Article 12 and paragraph 3 of Article 16 of the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits and, in addition, to comply with the following provisions.

Article 2 of the IPIC Treaty gives the following definitions:

(i) 'integrated circuit' means a product, in its final form or an intermediate form, in which the elements, at least one of which is an active element, and some or all of the inter-connections are integrally formed in and/or on a piece of material and which is intended to perform an electronic function,

(ii) 'layout-design (topography)' means the three-dimensional disposition, however expressed, of the elements, at least one of which is an active element, and of some or all of the interconnections of an integrated circuit, or such a three-dimensional disposition prepared for an integrated circuit intended for manufacture ...

Under the IPIC Treaty, each Contracting Party is obliged to secure, throughout its territory, exclusive rights in layout-designs (topographies) of integrated circuits, whether or not the integrated circuit concerned is incorporated in an article. Such obligation applies to layout-designs that are original in the sense that they are the result of their creators' own intellectual effort and are not commonplace among creators of layout designs and manufacturers of integrated circuits at the time of their creation.

The Contracting Parties must, as a minimum, consider the following acts to be unlawful if performed without the authorization of the holder of the right: the reproduction of the lay-out design, and the importation, sale or other distribution for commercial purposes of the layout-design or an integrated circuit in which the layout-design is incorporated. However, certain acts may be freely performed for private purposes or for the sole purpose of evaluation, analysis, research or teaching.

National laws

United States

The United States Code (USC) defines a mask work as "a series of related images, however fixed or encoded, having or representing the predetermined, three-dimensional pattern of metallic, insulating, or semiconductor material present or removed from the layers of a semiconductor chip product, and in which the relation of the images to one another is such that each image has the pattern of the surface of one form of the semiconductor chip product" [(17 U.S.C. § 901(a)(2))]. Mask work exclusive rights were first granted in the US by the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984.

According to , rights in semiconductor mask works last 10 years. This contrasts with a term of 95 years for modern copyrighted works with a corporate authorship; alleged infringement of mask work rights are also not protected by a statutory fair use defense, nor by the typical backup copy exemptions that  provides for computer software. Nevertheless, as fair use in copyrighted works was originally recognized by the judiciary over a century before being codified in the Copyright Act of 1976, it is possible that the courts might likewise find a similar defense applies to mask work.

The non-obligatory symbol used in a mask work protection notice is Ⓜ (M enclosed in a circle; Unicode code point U+24C2/U+1F1AD or HTML numeric character entity Ⓜ) or *M*.

The exclusive rights in a mask work are somewhat like those of copyright: the right to reproduce the mask work or (initially) distribute an IC made using the mask work. Like the first sale doctrine, a lawful owner of an authorized IC containing a mask work may freely import, distribute or use, but not reproduce the chip (or the mask). Mask work protection is characterized as a sui generis right, i.e., one created to protect specific rights where other (more general) laws were inadequate or inappropriate.

Note that the exclusive rights granted to mask work owners are more limited than those granted to copyright or patent holders. For instance, modification (derivative works) is not an exclusive right of mask work owners. Similarly, the exclusive right of a patentee to "use" an invention would not prohibit an independently created mask work of identical geometry. Furthermore, reproduction for reverse engineering of a mask work is specifically permitted by the law. As with copyright, mask work rights exist when they are created, regardless of registration, unlike patents, which only confer rights after application, examination and issuance.

Mask work rights have more in common with copyrights than with other exclusive rights such as patents or trademarks. On the other hand, they are used alongside copyright to protect a read-only memory (ROM) component that is encoded to contain computer software.

The publisher of software for a cartridge-based video game console may seek simultaneous protection of its property under several legal constructs:

 A trademark registration on the game's title and possibly other marks such as fanciful names of worlds and characters used in the game (e.g., PAC-MAN®);
 A copyright registration on the program as a literary work or on the audiovisual displays generated by the work; and
 A mask work registration on the ROM that contains the binary.

Ordinary copyright law applies to the underlying software (source, binary) and original characters and art.
But the expiration date for the term of additional exclusive rights in a work distributed in the form of a mask ROM would depend on an  untested interpretation of the originality requirement of § 902(b):

(b) Protection under this chapter (i.e., as a mask work) shall not be available for a mask work that—

(1) is not original; or
(2) consists of designs that are staple, commonplace, or familiar in the semiconductor industry, or variations of such designs, combined in a way that, considered as a whole, is not original

(, ).

Under one interpretation, a mask work containing a given game title is either entirely unoriginal, as mask ROM in general is likely a familiar design, or a minor variation of the mask work for any of the first titles released for the console in the region.

Other countries
Protection of circuit layout design legislation exists across the globe:
 Equivalent legislation exists in Australia, India and Hong Kong.
 Australian law refers to mask works as "eligible layouts" or ELs.
 In Canada these rights are protected under the [Integrated Circuit Topography Act (1990, c. 37)].
 In the European Union, a sui generis design right protecting the design of materials was introduced by the Directive 87/54/EEC which is transposed in all member states.
 India has the Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout Design Act, 2000 for the similar protection.
 Japan relies on "The Act Concerning the Circuit Layout of a Semiconductor Integrated Circuit".
 Brazil has enacted Law No. 11484, of 2007, to regulate the protection and registration of integrated circuit topography.
 Switzerland has the Topographies Act of 1992

See also

 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
 Semiconductor intellectual property core

References

External links
 Text of the Washington Treaty on IC protection

Intellectual property law
Integrated circuits


, also Median Tectonic Line (MTL), is Japan's longest fault system. The MTL begins near Ibaraki Prefecture, where it connects with the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line (ISTL) and the Fossa Magna. It runs parallel to Japan's volcanic arc, passing through central Honshū to near Nagoya, through Mikawa Bay, then through the Inland Sea from the Kii Channel and Naruto Strait to Shikoku along the Sadamisaki Peninsula and the Bungo Channel and Hōyo Strait to Kyūshū.

The sense of motion on the MTL is right-lateral strike-slip, at a rate of about 5–10 mm/yr. This sense of motion is consistent with the direction of oblique convergence at the Nankai Trough. The rate of motion on the MTL is much less than the rate of convergence at the plate boundary, making it difficult to distinguish the motion on the MTL from interseismic elastic straining in GPS data.

History
The upper part of the Japanese islands was created at the edge of the Eurasian plate 180 million years ago. Then, 50 million years later, the lower part was created at the southern part of the Yangtze continent. The lower part then rode on the Izanagi plate and moved to the upper part. These islands were joined into one and formed the Japanese islands 70 million years ago. The boundary line between the upper part and lower part is the MTL.

Seismic activity
The most important part of the MTL is called  which is an active fault and considered hazardous. It is separated into six regions defined by the most recent seismic activities. Although the MTL is a less seismically active region than others, earthquakes with magnitudes of 6 to 7 have occurred. The oldest known activity occurred about 3000 years ago, and the most recent in the 16th century. It is expected that seismic activities will continue in the future. The boundaries of the regions are still being discussed, so the regions are not well defined.

East edge of Kongō Range (between Osaka Prefecture and Nara Prefecture)
Expected magnitude of earthquake:  6.9
Probability of earthquake: 0 to 5% within 30 years
Most recent activity: From 2000 years ago to the 4th century
South edge of Izumi Mountains (between Osaka Prefecture and Wakayama Prefecture)
Expected magnitude of earthquake: 7.6 to 7.7
Probability of earthquake: 0.07 to 14% within 30 years
Most recent activity: In the 7th to 9th century
Kitan Strait (between Wakayama Prefecture and Hyōgo Prefecture) – Naruto Strait (between Hyōgo Prefecture and Tokushima Prefecture)
Expected magnitude of earthquake: 7.6 to 7.7
Probability of earthquake: 0.005 to 1% within 30 years
Most recent activity: 3100 to 2600 years ago
Sanuki Mountains  (between Kagawa Prefecture and Tokushima Prefecture) – Eastern part of north edge of Ishizuchi mountains (between Ehime Prefecture and Kōchi Prefecture)
Expected magnitude of earthquake: 8
Probability of earthquake: 0 to 0.4% within 30 years
Most recent activity: In the 16th century
North edge of Ishizuchi mountains (between Ehime Prefecture and Kōchi prefecture)
Expected magnitude of earthquake: 7.3 to 8
Probability of earthquake: 0 to 0.4% within 30 years
Most recent activity: In the 16th century
Western part of south edge of Ishizuchi mountains – Iyonada (Between Ehime Prefecture and Kōchi Prefecture – southern part of Seto inland sea)
Expected magnitude of earthquake:  8 or above
Probability of earthquake: 0 to 0.4% within 30 years
Most recent activity: In the 16th century..

Notable earthquakes
The Great Hanshin earthquake of 1995 occurred on the Nojima Fault, a branch of the MTL. Approximately 6,434 people lost their lives; about 4,600 of them were from Kobe. It caused approximately ten trillion yen ($100 billion) in damage, 2.5% of Japan's GDP at the time.

Regions

Chūbu
The MTL goes from Shizuoka Prefecture to Nagano Prefecture. At Nagano prefecture, it lies between the Ina mountains and the Akaishi mountains. Then, it goes to  Chino-shi, the northern part of Nagano prefecture.

Kantō
The MTL goes from Shimonita in Gunma Prefecture to the Hiki hill district in Saitama Prefecture, and then continues down to the Kantō Plain. In the central Kanto Plain, boring tests have shown that the MTL lies 3000 meters beneath ground level in Saitama Prefecture. It is not clear where the MTL goes from there, but it is thought that it passes beneath Kashima or Ōarai on the Pacific coast in Ibaraki Prefecture.

Kinki

The MTL passes south of Awaji Island as it crosses the Kii Channel from Shikoku to the Kii Peninsula. On the Kii Peninsula, it passes north of the Kinokawa River, from Wakayama on the west coast past Gojō in Nara Prefecture (where the river is called the Yoshino River) to Mie Prefecture on the east coast. There is an active shear zone north of the river in the southern foothills of the Izumi Mountains, which separate Wakayama Prefecture from Osaka Prefecture. East of Nara Prefecture, shear zones along the MTL are less active. The MTL takes a northern turn and passes along the eastern foothills of the Kongō Range, connecting to the shear zone along the east side of the Ikoma Mountains between Nara Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture.

Kyushu
The MTL is known to pass through the region between Kunisaki Peninsula and Saganoseki Peninsula in Ōita Prefecture. However, because the Ōno River basin south of Ōita is covered by  late Mesozoic sedimentary rock, the geological continuity in the westward direction is unclear. According to one theory, the MTL may turn south around the Ōno River, connecting Usuki in Ōita Prefecture to the Yatsushiro tectonic line in Kumamoto Prefecture. According to another theory, it may connect Ōita directly to the Kumamoto tectonic line.

Shikoku

After crossing the Hōyo Strait from Kyushu to Shikoku, the MTL passes north of the Sadamisaki Peninsula to land at Iyo on the west coast of Ehime Prefecture. It continues eastward past the city of Saijō and along the foothills of the Ishizuchi Range. From Miyoshi in Tokushima Prefecture it passes along the northern side of the Yoshino River until it arrives at the city of Tokushima on the east coast of the island. There are active shear zones to the north of the MTL: north of Iyo and, in eastern Shikoku, along the southern foothills of the Sanuki Mountains, at the northern border of Tokushima Prefecture.

Sight seeing
The Japan Median Tectonic Line is visible in forms of several outcrops and fault saddles in Ina city, Ōshika village, and Iida city in southern Nagano Prefecture. The historic Akiha Kodo road (Japan National Route 152) between Suwa-taisha shrine in central Nagano Prefecture and the Akihasan shrine in Shizuoka Prefecture follows the Japan Median Tectonic Line. The Japan Median Tectonic Line Museum in Ōshika is dedicated to the history of and research on the tectonic line.

References

Geology of Japan
Seismic faults of Japan
Strike-slip faults


William Siborne, Sibourne or Siborn (15 October 1797 – 9 January 1849) was a British officer and military historian whose most notable work was a history of the Waterloo Campaign.

Early life

William Siborne was the son of Benjamin Siborne, a captain in the 9th (East Norfolk) regiment, born in Greenwich circa 1771. His father had been wounded at the Battle of Nivelle in the Peninsular War. William Siborne graduated from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst in 1814, having been commissioned as an ensign in the same regiment (renamed the 9th Regiment of Foot in 1782) on 9 September 1813, before it joined the 2nd battalion at Canterbury, then Chatham, and finally Sheerness in 1815.

Military career
In August 1815, he was sent to France to join the Duke of Wellington's army of occupation, doing duty in the Camp of Boulogne, near Paris. He obtained the rank of lieutenant in November 1815, but was put on half pay from March 1817, when his regiment was reduced to one battalion. In September 1820, he undertook a secret mission in Germany on behalf of the Treasury.

Two years later, he published his first book, Instructions for Civil and Military Surveyors in Topographical Plan-drawing.

In July 1824, he married Helen Aitken, daughter of a Scottish banker and colonel of the militia. They subsequently had a son and daughter.

On 11 November 1824, he was gazetted to the 47th (Lancashire) regiment, this being backdated to November 1815, and went on leave in Europe.

In March 1826, he was appointed as Assistant Military Secretary to the Commander-in-Chief, Ireland (first Lieutenant-General Sir George Murray, followed by Sir John Byng, then Sir Richard Hussey Vivian and finally Sir Edward Blakeney), holding this post until 1843.

In 1827, he published his second book, A Practical Treatise on Topographical Surveying and Drawing, which was dedicated to his commander-in-chief Sir George Murray.

History of Waterloo

Early in 1830, Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill, then Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, commissioned Siborne to construct a model of the Battle of Waterloo. Siborne carried out extensive research, writing to officers in the Allied forces present at the battle to obtain information on the positions of the troops at the crisis of the battle at 7 p.m. His attempts to get the same information from the Ministry of War in Paris were politely ignored, while the Prince of Orange supplied him with information on the Netherlands forces.

The replies to the circular he sent out and the subsequent correspondence amount to the largest single collection of primary source material on the subject ever assembled. The British Museum purchased the collection after his death and it is now in the British Library. He spent eight months at the farm of La Haye-Sainte surveying the entire battlefield.

The actual model took until 1838 to complete, partly because Siborne still had his main military duties to fulfill. Progress was interrupted in 1833, by the new ministry's refusal to allocate new funds. Siborne financed the model himself from then onwards.

Military historian Peter Hofschröer claimed in his controversial book that during the construction of the Large Model, Siborne earned the enmity of the Duke of Wellington, as Siborne's research called into question parts of the Duke's version of events at Waterloo. This, claims Hofschröer, led to Siborne's attempts to get the government to honour its obligation to him being thwarted, his attempts to obtain his captaincy being obstructed and a smear campaign being undertaken against him.

The final total cost was around £3,000, which Siborne had considerable difficulty in recovering, as the exhibitor of its first public display in London cheated him of much of his share of the revenues. Siborne also built a smaller model of a portion of the battlefield on a larger scale. The main model was purchased by the Royal United Service Institution after his death, and is now in the Conflict In Europe gallery at the National Army Museum, London. The smaller model is on display at the Royal Armouries Museum.

Siborne made use of the considerable amount of material he assembled to write his third book, a history of the Waterloo Campaign. It was first published in 1844 and remains in print . Its alleged lack of objectivity was and still is a source of debate.

On 31 January 1840, he purchased an unattached captaincy, although this was on half-pay. Now exhausted by his efforts, his friends in the army obtained a sinecure for him as Secretary and Adjutant of the Royal Military Asylum at Chelsea, a post which he took up in November 1843 and remained in until his death. He is buried at Brompton Cemetery. His second son, Henry Taylor Siborne, later published a selection of the letters in his collection.

Bibliography
1822: Instructions for Civil and Military Surveyors in Topographical Plan-Drawing
1827: A Practical Treatise on Topographical Surveying and Drawing, dedicated to his c-in-c George Murray
1840s: Guide to Captain Siborne's New Waterloo Model
1844: two-volume History of the War in France and Belgium in 1815 (with folio atlas), still in print in the 4th edition

Notes

References
 .
 Hofschröer, Peter (2004). Wellington's Smallest Victory. London: Faber & Faber. .
 Description of the Siborne model
  William Siborne, l'étrange historien de Waterloo by Michel Damiens on Larousse.fr

Further reading
Guide to the model of the Battle of Waterloo: [now exhibited at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly]. [18--]
Letters from the Battle of Waterloo: the unpublished correspondence by Allied officers from the Siborne papers; edited by Gareth Glover. London: Greenhill, 2004
Waterloo Letters: a selection from original and hitherto unpublished letters bearing on the operations of the 16th, 17th, and 18 June 1815, by officers who served in the campaign; edited by H. T. Siborne. London: Cassell & Co., 1891.

1797 births
1849 deaths
British military historians
British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Royal Norfolk Regiment officers
Burials at Brompton Cemetery
Historians of the Napoleonic Wars


The 1998 Newsweek Champions Cup and the State Farm Evert Cup were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 25th edition of the Indian Wells Masters and was part of the Super 9 of the 1998 ATP Tour and of Tier I of the 1998 WTA Tour. Both the men's and women's tournaments took place at the Grand Champions Resort in Indian Wells, California in the United States from March 5 through March 15, 1998.

Finals

Men's singles

 Marcelo Ríos defeated  Greg Rusedski 6–3, 6–7(15–17), 7–6(7–4), 6–4
 It was Ríos' 2nd title of the year and the 8th of his career. It was his 1st Super 9 title of the year and his 2nd overall.

Women's singles

 Martina Hingis defeated  Lindsay Davenport 6–3, 6–4
 It was Hingis' 5th title of the year and the 30th of her career. It was her 1st Tier I title of the year and her 4th overall.

Men's doubles

 Jonas Björkman /  Patrick Rafter defeated  Todd Martin /  Richey Reneberg 6–4, 7–6
 It was Björkman's 2nd title of the year and the 18th of his career. It was Rafter's 2nd title of the year and the 9th of his career.

Women's doubles

 Lindsay Davenport /  Natasha Zvereva defeated  Alexandra Fusai /  Nathalie Tauziat 6–4, 2–6, 6–4
 It was Davenport's 2nd title of the year and the 33rd of her career. It was Zvereva's 1st title of the year and the 74th of her career.

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile

Newsweek Champions Cup
State Farm Evert Cup
Indian Wells Open
Newsweek Champions Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup and the State Farm Evert Cup
Newsweek Champions Cup and the State Farm Evert Cup


Stanley Joseph Kratkowski (August 20, 1912 – August 25, 1962) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Career
Kratkowski competed as a middle weight at 165 pounds.

Accomplishments
In 1932 he finished fifth in the middleweight class. Four years later he finished again fifth in the middleweight class at the 1936 Games. Regardless, Kratkowski was a two time Olympian.

In 1934, Kratkowski held the Right Hand Swing Record at 178 1/2 pounds. The modern All-Round Association world record for this lift is 172.6 pounds in his weight class.

In 1936, Kratkowski was honored by the City of Detroit as part of the first Champions Day, celebrating noted athletes from Detroit and Michigan.  The Banquet was held on April 18, 1936.

References

External links
Stanley Kratkowski's profile at Sports Reference.com
Record of Stanley Kratkowski's death

1912 births
1962 deaths
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
People associated with physical culture
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 1936 Summer Olympics
20th-century American people


Bailiff Bridge railway station was built by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway to serve the village of Bailiff Bridge north of Brighouse in West Yorkshire, England.

History

Opened by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, the station was then closed during the First World War as an economy measure. The route continued in use until mining subsidence caused the closure of the line in 1952.

References

External links
Bailiff Bridge station on navigable O.S. map
Railway Ramblers
Station location
Flickr

Disused railway stations in Calderdale
Former Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1881
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1917
1881 establishments in England


Charles Stephen Conway Williams (5 July 1906 – 30 April 1962) was a Welsh Anglican priest and university lecturer.

Life
Williams, whose father was incumbent of St John the Evangelist Church, Cardiff, was educated at Clifton College and Jesus College, Oxford, where he held a Meyricke exhibition open to Welsh students.  He obtained a first-class degree in theology and won the Junior Greek Testament Prize in 1929.  He was ordained and served as a curate in Bristol and then as chaplain of Wells Theological College before returning to Oxford, as chaplain of Merton College, in 1932. He was also University Lecturer in the New Testament and published various books on the Old and New Testaments. Williams was thoroughly conversant with Classical Armenian. He became Senior Tutor of Merton in 1960.  He died on 30 April 1962 at the age of 55.

References

1906 births
1962 deaths
20th-century Welsh Anglican priests
Welsh theologians
People educated at Clifton College
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
20th-century Welsh writers
20th-century Welsh theologians


Major-General Herbert Taylor Siborne (18 October 1826 – 16 May 1902) was a British Army officer in the Royal Engineers and a military historian.

Siborne was born in 1826, the second son of the officer and historian Captain William Siborne. He joined the Royal Engineers in 1846, and served in the Kaffir War 1851–53, and also in the expedition against the Basutos in December 1852, when he had charge of the pontoons by which the troops crossed the Orange and Caledon rivers. He was present at the action of the Berea, and was mentioned in General Orders. In 1855 he was promoted to captain, and in 1877 to colonel. He retired from the service with the rank of Major-General in 1882.

It is thought he designed many of the Forts in the River Medway, including Fort Darnet.

He was the British member of the European Commission of the Danube 1873–1881.

Siborne edited and published in 1891 some of the letters his father had received in his research for his Battle of Waterloo model as Waterloo letters: a selection from original and hitherto unpublished letters bearing on the operations of the 16th, 17th, and 18 June 1815, by officers who served in the campaign.

A second volume Letters from the Battle of Waterloo was published in 2005 by Gareth Glover.

He married a daughter of Mr. Julian A. Watson, of Constantinople.

Siborne died at Rapallo, on 16 May 1902.

References

External links
, with information on his son.

British Army major generals
British military historians
Historians of the Napoleonic Wars
1826 births
1902 deaths
Royal Engineers officers


Samuel Termine (September 1, 1909 – May 1978) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Mayfield, Pennsylvania and died in Las Vegas, Nevada.

In 1932 he finished seventh in the middleweight class.

External links
Profile

1909 births
1978 deaths
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
20th-century American people


William B. Wright (April 16, 1806 – January 12, 1868) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals in 1868.

Life
He was born on April 16, 1806, in Newburgh, Orange County, New York, the son of Samuel Wright.

He lived at Monticello, New York, and was Surrogate of Sullivan County from 1840 to 1844. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1846. He was a Whig member of the New York State Assembly (Sullivan Co.) in 1847.

He was a justice of the New York Supreme Court from 1847 to 1861, and removed to Kingston, New York, the seat of the bench of the Third Judicial District. He was an ex officio judge of the Court of Appeals in 1847–48, 1856 and 1860.

In 1861, he was elected to the New York Court of Appeals on the Union ticket nominated by War Democrats and Republicans, and took office on January 1, 1862. He became Chief Judge on January 1, 1868, but died less than two weeks later.

He died on January 12, 1868, at Congress Hall in Albany, New York, of kidney disease; and was buried at Wiltwyck Cemetery in Kingston, New York.

Sources
 Short bio at Court History
 Death notice in NYT on January 13, 1868
 Listing of judges, with portrait
 New York Union state ticket, in Harper's Weekly, September 28, 1861, pg. 611
The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 59, 318, 351 and 410; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)

External links

1806 births
1868 deaths
People from Monticello, New York
Chief Judges of the New York Court of Appeals
Members of the New York State Assembly
Politicians from Newburgh, New York
New York Supreme Court Justices
Politicians from Kingston, New York
Deaths from kidney disease
New York (state) Whigs
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American judges


{|

{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=Canada
|Ship flag=
|Ship name=Marion
|Ship owner=Frank P. Armstrong
|Ship operator=
|Ship registry=
|Ship route=Inland British Columbia on Columbia River, later Arrow Lakes and Kootenay Lake
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=Alexander Watson<ref name = McCurdy>McCurdy, H.W., ed., H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest, at 4-5, Superior Publishing, Seattle, WA 1966</ref>
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=1888 at Golden, BC
|Ship built=
|Ship christened=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship maiden voyage=
|Ship in service=1888
|Ship out of service=1901
|Ship identification= CAN #94801
|Ship fate=Sank January 1901 at Kaslo, BC
|Ship notes=
}}

|}Marion was a small sternwheel steamboat that operated in several waterways in inland British Columbia from 1888 to 1901.

Design and constructionMarion was built at Golden, BC in 1888 for Frank P. Armstrong by Alexander Watson, a shipbuilder from Victoria, BC.  Klahowya's engines were manufactured by Polson Iron Works.One source gives engine dimensions as 5.5" bore by 8" stroke, but the 8" stroke seems too small and may be an error.  See Affleck, at 19  Marion had a deckhouse and a wheelhouse but no passenger cabin.  Passengers simply perched wherever they could on the boat deck.

Operations in Columbia Valley

Capt.  Armstrong operated Marion on the uppermost reach of the Columbia River, which ran from Golden, BC south down the Columbia Valley to the headwaters of the river at Columbia Lake.  Small sternwheelers like Marion played an important role in development by allowing miners, loggers and entrepreneurs to penetrate the region.  They also established the economic viability of steamboat operations in eastern British Columbia, which led to the placement of larger steamers on the routes that the small boats had pioneered.

Transfer to Arrow Lakes
In 1889, Armstrong had Marion shipped by rail on two flat cars to Revelstoke, British Columbia, an important junction where the transcontinental line of the Canadian Pacific Railway made one of its two crossings of the Columbia River.  From Revelstoke, a steamboat could navigate south down the Columbia River to the Arrow Lakes and on the lakes proceed far to the south, near the international border, where spectacular mining discoveries were being made in the late 1880s.  Near the southern end of the lakes was a little settlement called Sproat's Landing.  Armstrong put Marion on the Revelstoke-Sproat's Landing route, running in opposition to the catamaran steamer Despatch, the only other steam vessel then in operation on the Arrow Lakes.

In 1890, Armstrong sold Marion to Capt. Robert Sanderson, who worked the vessel on various routes out of Arrowhead, BC.   (Other sources state it was Sanderson who purchased Marion in 1889 and had her shipped to Revelstoke.)Turner, Robert D., Sternwheelers and Steam Tugs -- An Illustrated History of the Canadian Pacific Railway's British Columbia Lake and River Service, at 2,4, 20, 115, Sono Nis Press, Victoria BC 1984   Marion was used as a low-water vessel.  This was important because at that time the Upper and Lower Arrow Lakes were separated by a shallow stretch of water known as the "narrows".  During certain times of the year such as the later summer, water levels were low in the narrows and also on the Columbia River.  Vessels with a shallow draft such as Marion could continue to use the water routes when vessels requiring deeper water to float in were forced to curtail operations.

Transfer to Kootenay Lake
In 1897, the Kootenay and Arrowhead Railway, a subsidiary of the CPR announced plans to build a rail line along the course of the Lardeau River from Kootenay Lake to Upper Arrow Lake.  The Great Northern Railway also began surveying the same route, with a view towards constructing a completing line on the opposite of the river.

In 1897 Marion was shipped to Kootenay Lake.  Once on Kootenay Lake Marion was operated on the Duncan River which flows into Kootenay Lake from the north.  Marion also provided service to Kootenay Flats at the southern end of Kootenay Lake.

Sinking
In January 1901 Marion sank in a gale while moored at Kaslo, BC.  In 1907 Captain Sanderson broke up the vessel and used her machinery to bore wood pipes at a mill in St. Leon, BC.

Notes

Further reading
 Faber, Jim, Steamer's Wake -- Voyaging down the old marine highways of Puget Sound, British Columbia, and the Columbia River, Enetai Press, Seattle, WA 1985
 Timmen, Fritz, Blow for the Landing'', 75-78, 134, Caxton Printers, Caldwell, ID 1972

Paddle steamers of British Columbia
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Steamboats of the Arrow Lakes
Steamboats of Kootenay Lake
Columbia Valley
1888 ships


The 1997 Canadian Open (also known as the du Maurier Open for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 108th edition of the Canada Masters and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1997 ATP Tour and of Tier I of the 1997 WTA Tour. The men's event took place at the du Maurier Stadium in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from July 28 through August 4, 1997, while the women's event took place at the National Tennis Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from August 11 through August 17, 1997. Chris Woodruff and Monica Seles won the singles titles. It was Seles' first Tier I title of the year and her seventh overall. It was her third consecutive title at the event after winning in 1995 and 1996.

Finals

Men's singles

 Chris Woodruff defeated  Gustavo Kuerten 7–5, 4–6, 6–3
 It was Woodruff's only title of the year and the 1st of his career.

Women's singles

 Monica Seles defeated  Anke Huber 6–2, 6–4
 It was Seles' 2nd title of the year and the 44th of her career.

Men's doubles

 Mahesh Bhupathi /  Leander Paes defeated  Sébastien Lareau /  Alex O'Brien 7–6, 6–3
 It was Bhupathi's 3rd title of the year and the 3rd of his career. It was Paes' 3rd title of the year and the 3rd of his career.

Women's doubles

 Yayuk Basuki /  Caroline Vis defeated  Nicole Arendt /  Manon Bollegraf 3–6, 7–5, 6–4
 It was Basuki's 2nd title of the year and the 13th of her career. It was Vis' 2nd title of the year and the 4th of her career.

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile
 Women's Tennis Association (WTA) tournament profile

Du Maurier Open
Du Maurier Open
Canadian Open (tennis)
1997 in Canadian tennis


Good Stuff is a 1992 album by The B-52's.

Good Stuff may also refer to:

"Good Stuff" (The B-52's song), the title track from the 1992 album of the same name
"Good Stuff" (Kelis song), 2000
"The Good Stuff", a 2002 song by Kenny Chesney
"Good Stuff", a 2005 song by Clor
"Good Stuff" (Shakira song), a song by Shakira from the 2009 album She Wolf
The Good Stuff (Peter Mulvey album), 2012
The Good Stuff (from 2013), a video playlist webseries created by Craig Benzine
 "Good Stuff", a 2020 song by Griff


James Harriston was a professional ice hockey player.  He played one season in the National Hockey Association in 1914.  Harriston played one regular season game for the Stanley Cup champions Toronto Blueshirts at right wing. Harriston is missing from 1914 Toronto Blueshirts team picture.

Stanley Cup champions
Toronto Blueshirts players
Year of birth missing
Place of birth missing
Year of death missing
Canadian ice hockey right wingers


William Leisey Good (May 14, 1910 – April 19, 2007) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Biography

He was born in Reamstown, Pennsylvania. He began his weightlifting career in 1928. Good was America's Strongest Man in the 1930s. His brothers Walter Good and Harry Good were also successful weightlifters. The Good brothers claimed the title of the strongest family trio in the United States and were a rival to the famous Saxton brothers of Germany.

In 1932, he finished fourth in the light-heavyweight class. Four years later he finished seventh in the light-heavyweight class at the 1936 Games. He was the first to lift 350 pounds overhead. Good held more than 40 national weightlifting records. He claimed seven AAU titles and won the Middle Atlantic title eight times.

In 1986, Good was inducted into the United States Weightlifting Federation's hall of fame.

Good was employed by Eby Shoe Corporation buildings for 50 years. At age 80 he lifted the Warren L. Travis Bell (2150 pounds). He died in Ephrata, Pennsylvania, age 96.

Health

Good did not take pills or visit doctors. He ate a healthy diet and preferred to eat raw cabbage, grain bread, soybeans, oatmeal and watercress. He would eat raisins and a pint of goat's milk before working out. Good lifted an iron barbell every birthday until he was 85 years old.

References

External links
profile

1910 births
2007 deaths
American bodybuilders
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 1936 Summer Olympics
People associated with physical culture
People from Ephrata, Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
20th-century American sportsmen


Jules Maidoff (born May 6, 1933) is an American artist.

Biography
Maidoff grew up in the Bronx, New York where he attended New York High School of Industrial Art and Cooper Union. In 1955 he received his BA from City College of New York. While completing his MA at CCNY he was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to Italy, where he spent one year. After returning to New York, he spent the next decade exhibiting his paintings and working in graphic design. Since 1973, he has lived and worked in Tuscany where, in 1975, he founded Studio Arts College International (formerly Studio Art Centers International).

Career
Influenced by the Eastern European Jewish ancestry of his parents, as well as childhood visits to the Museum of Modern Art and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Maidoff was drawn towards a narrative approach to painting. His coming of age during World War II also contributed greatly to his views on the artist's social responsibility. After traveling to Florence in 1956 as part of the Fulbright Program, his interest in the art of the Renaissance as well as the history of Italy took root, and he frequently returned while supporting his family with work in graphic design and advertising.

In 1973, he decided to relocate and concentrate on painting full time. Originally settling in Pian di Scò (where he had purchased a farmhouse in 1970), he began giving art lessons in his studio. Affiliations with study abroad programs led to the creation of an independently accredited nonprofit institution (SACI) which continues to this day as a degree-granting school at the graduate level.

In 2002, Maidoff's experience in Italy and the progression of his work was documented in the short film "Jules Maidoff: An American Painter in Italy", co-directed and shot by his daughter, Natasha Maidoff, and Jilann Spitzmiller.

Collections

Critics have described Maidoff's work as being related to a figurative Expressionist tradition. In addition to painting, he has done extensive printmaking and ceramic work.

His works are in the collections of many museums worldwide such as the Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium, the Museum of the City of Pisa, Riverside Museum in New York, Brandeis University Museum, The V. Emanuele Foundation in Cascais, the Museum of the City of Leiria, Portugal, the cities of Orvieto, San Giovanni, Siracusa and many more.
His work is also in hundreds of private collections including those of the former president of Italy Alessandro Pertini, Elizabeth Sackler, Jose Frentes Antunes, the Pritzker family, Connie Brittan, and Amalie Rothschild. Many catalogs and interviews have been made about his work and he has been written about by Mario de Micheli, Grace Gleuck, Joachim Burmeister, Carol Becker, and Laura Castro among others.

See also
SACI

References

External links
 http://www.julesmaidoff.com
 http://www.saci-florence.edu

20th-century American painters
American male painters
21st-century American painters
1933 births
Living people
High School of Art and Design alumni
20th-century American male artists


Habanot Nechama (, "The Comfort Girls" or "The Daughters of Consolation") is an Israeli folk band. The group is composed of three female vocalists: Karolina, Dana Adini, and Yael Deckelbaum.

They are best known for their self-titled, debut album which went platinum (over 40,000 records sold) in Israel, and their hit song So Far.

History
Habanot Nechama was formed in 2004 in Tel Aviv, Israel. They met each other in a local clothing store where they vented their frustrations with their careers and they decided to form the band shortly thereafter. Karolina named the band Habanot Nechama (translated into English as "The Comfort Girls") for the peace of mind that working with each other gave them.

Their self-titled, debut album was released in August 2007 in Israel, where it became a gold record in three weeks and platinum soon after. The album has songs in both Hebrew and English. Their sound was described as "reggae-soul-folk". After the album's success, the girls took their act on the road, touring throughout Israel and performing at several Europe summer festivals and finally to the United States, where they performed at the Radio City Music Hall and the Kodak Theatre for Israel's 60th birthday

Discography

Awards
 Best New Act - Israeli Music Channel Awards (nominated)
 Act of the Year - DJ Ha'ir magazine
 Song of the Year, So Far - ACUM awards (Israeli ASCAP awards)

Solo projects
All three members of Habanot Nechama have other projects outside of their band activity. Karolina has performed with Lauryn Hill, The Black Eyed Peas and Erykah Badu in Israel and started her own solo album. Dana Adini is an actress best known for her role on the Israeli cult show, Hashir Shelanu and in 2007, CMJ chose her to perform at their "music marathon" in New York. Yael Deckelbaum is in another band called Yael and the Palm Trees that performs regularly in Tel Aviv. They are in talks to release a second Habanot Nechama album.

References

Israeli girl groups
Israeli musical trios
Israeli folk music groups
Musical groups established in 2004


Albert Henry Manger (May 21, 1899 – March 1985) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1932 he finished fifth in the heavyweight class. He died in Baltimore, Maryland.

References

1899 births
1985 deaths
Sportspeople from Baltimore
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
20th-century American people


Nanjing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. (abb. NISCO) is a publicly traded steel maker based in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. The parent company of NISCO is Nanjing Nangang Iron and Steel United Co., Ltd. (), a joint venture of Hong Kong listed company Fosun International (the stake was jointly held by Fosun International and its subsidiaries) and Chinese state-owned enterprise Nanjing Iron and Steel Group in a 60–40 ratio.

NISCO involves the pressing and smelting of ferrous metals and sales of steel materials.

NISCO was a constituent of small cap SSE 380 Index from December 2015 to December 2017.

According to World Steel Association (Chinese companies data was provided by China Iron and Steel Association), the corporation was ranked the 45th in 2015 the world ranking by production volume (8.590 million metric tons).

History
The steel plant in Nanjing was founded in 1958. In 1999 Nanjing Iron and Steel Group spin-off some of the assembly line of the steel plant, incorporating Nanjing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. (NISCO).

The company became a publicly traded company in 2000 on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, despite the parent company still owned 70.95% shares. However, after several disinvestment, it no longer the controlling shareholder of the listed company. Instead, the controlling shareholder was replaced by joint ventures of Nanjing Iron and Steel Group in 2003 and again in 2009 under another legal person. The direct parent company also received the unlisted steel manufacturing assets from Nanjing Iron and Steel Group.

In 2010, NISCO acquired some assets (themselves were incorporated as , in short ) from the direct parent company, Nangang United, as those businesses were classified as related parties but the listed company had business relation with them. NISCO paid the direct parent company in an all-share deal for  nominal value, making Nangang United owned 83.78% shares of the listed company.

According to the public filings, after the acquisition, , the listed company had a total assets (in consolidated financial statement) of , comparing to parent company Nangang United's . The net assets (excluding minority interests) were  and  respectively.

NISCO also had a long business partnership with Hong Kong listed company  for trading iron ore. In 2011, NISCO acquired 10% shares of a company, All Wealthy Capital, from the chairman of Prosperity International, , for US$50 million. The shares were sold back to Wong for US$50 million plus interests, as the initial public offering of All Wealthy Capital had failed, trigging the initial purchase condition. Since December 2014, Prosperity International became a related parties of NISCO, as Nanjing Iron and Steel Group owned more than 10% shares of Prosperity International.

Circa 2016, NISCO signed an agreement with banks for debt-to-equity swap. The capital increase of the subsidiary  by the bank and other parties, was completed in 2017. In the same year NISCO also issued  new shares via private placement.

Equity investments

 Tiangong International (5.06%)

Shareholders
In 2003 the parent company of the listed company formed a joint venture "Nanjing Iron and Steel United" () with a consortium of civilian-run enterprises: Fosun High Technology and its parent company Guangxin Technology (). The stake of NISCO that held by Nanjing Iron and Steel Group was injected to Nanjing Iron and Steel United as capital. After the deal, Nanjing Iron and Steel Group owned 40% stake of Nanjing Iron and Steel United, Fosun High Technology (and its subsidiary) owned 50% and Guangxin Technology owned 10%. The parent company of Fosun High Technology was later changed to Hong Kong listed company Fosun International, which also acquired the stake from Guangxin Technology. However, Fosun International was still controlled by the shareholder of Guangxin Technology as of 2018.

In 2009, a new intermediate holding company, "Nanjing Nangang Iron and Steel United Co., Ltd." (, known as Nanjing Nangang or ()) was incorporated, Nanjing Iron and Steel United became its wholly owned subsidiary, while Nanjing Iron and Steel United owned 62.69% stake of NISCO at that time. Baosteel Group was the second largest shareholder of the listed company for just 2.42% shares at that time.

As at 31 December 2015, Nangang United had disinvested NISCO to just 48.19%. On 31 December 2015, Fosun International also appointed Nanjing Iron and Steel Group as its proxy for 10% stake of Nangang United, making Nangang United was classified as a joint venture and not consolidated in Fosun International's consolidated financial statements, while Nanjing Iron and Steel Group regained the joint-controlling status on the publicly traded company.

 Guo Guangchang
 Fosun International Holdings (64.45% owned by Guo Guangchang)
 Fosun International (, 71.37% owned by Fosun International Holdings)
 Nanjing Nangang Iron and Steel United (60% owned by Fosun International)
 Nanjing Iron and Steel (48.19% owned by Nangang United)
 Nanjing Iron and Steel Group (owned 40% of Nanjing Nangang Iron and Steel United)
  (owned 51% of Nanjing Iron and Steel Group)
 worker union of Nanjing Iron and Steel Group (owned 36.07% of Nanjing Iron and Steel Venture Investment)

 Nanjing Municipal People's Government via Nanjing New Industrialization Investment Group (owned 49% of Nanjing Iron and Steel Group)
 Liang Xinjun (owned 24.44% of Fosun International Holdings)
 Wang Qunbin (owned 11.11% of Fosun International Holdings)
 other shareholders of Fosun International (owned 28.63% of Fosun International)

 employees ownership scheme (2.18% of NISCO)
 National Social Security Fund (0.68% of NISCO)
 other shareholders of NISCO (48.95% of NISCO)

References

External links

 Official website of "Nanjing Iron & Steel Group" and "Nanjing Nangang Iron & Steel United"

Steel companies of China
Civilian-run enterprises of China
1958 establishments in China
Government agencies established in 1958
Chinese companies established in 1999
Manufacturing companies established in 1999
Manufacturing companies based in Nanjing
Fosun International
Companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange
Privatization in China
Employee-owned companies of China


America's News Headquarters (seen on air as America's News HQ) was a weekend afternoon news program broadcast on Fox News Channel; it also refers to the headline recaps showing at the top and bottom of the non-hard news hours. The show has also been broadcast from 1-4am (weeknights) or 1-6am (weekends) ET during nights of heavy breaking news/event coverage. During election years the program is temporarily replaced by America's Election Headquarters. The term "America's HQ" (and later "News HQ" / "Election HQ") is seen on the bottom of the channel's rotating logo (on the left hand side) after the Election season.

America's News HQ follows the same format as its predecessor, Fox News Live.

The weekday edition of America's News HQ was replaced on the schedule with The Daily Briefing with Dana Perino on October 2, 2017.

History
The former short-lived weekday 5:00 p.m. ET broadcast was hosted at various intervals by Jane Skinner, Heather Nauert, Jon Scott, Martha MacCallum, Bill Hemmer, and Megyn Kelly. On January 19, 2009, Glenn Beck took over this time slot when he began hosting a self-titled show, The Glenn Beck Program. America's News HQ continued airing on the weekends.

On May 2, 2009, the program broadcasting from the network's New York City studios launched in high-definition (HD). On October 3, 2009, the program broadcasting from the Fox News' Washington, D.C. studios also launched in HD.

The weekday edition was relaunched following the 2016 U.S. presidential election, taking the same 2:00 p.m. ET time slot previously held by America's Election HQ. Melissa Francis, formerly a semi regular co-host of Outnumbered, has become the most frequent host of the show's weekday version. Sandra Smith, now co-host of America's Newsroom, anchored both the first (on November 14, 2016) and last broadcasts (on September 29, 2017) of this version.

Currently, America's News HQ airs from Noon to 6pm ET each Saturday. On Sunday, it airs from Noon to 2pm and 3pm to 5pm ET.

As of March 6, 2021, America's News Headquarters was replaced by "Fox News Live" airing in the same time slots as the former newscast.

Hosts
Regular
 Leland Vittert - Weekend afternoons
 Arthel Neville – Saturday afternoon/evenings; Sunday midday/mid-afternoons
 Eric Shawn – Saturday afternoon/evenings; Sundays midday/mid-afternoons
Semi Regular
 Gillian Turner - Weekend afternoons
 Kristen Fisher - Weekend afternoons
 Jillian Mele - Fill in
 Molly Line - Weekend afternoons

References

External links
 Official Website

Fox News original programming
2008 American television series debuts


Howard Turbyfill (March 25, 1913 - August 3, 1984) was an American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1932 he finished sixth in the heavyweight class.

References

1913 births
1984 deaths
People from Palestine, Texas
People from Bakersville, North Carolina
American male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for the United States
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
20th-century American people


The Shukin is Ranchu-like goldfish developed from Ranchu and Oranda at the end of the 19th century in Japan.

Description
The Shukin  has a body shaped like long type of Ranchu. But it also has a long tail fin like the Oranda.

Shukins come in red, red and white, white, blue, and silver.

History
The Shukin had been developed by Kichigoro Akiyama in 1897 in Japan. It was wiped out once due to events in World War II, but has since been revived.

The Shukin is rare type of goldfish even in Japan, although the breed is becoming popular in the US with advanced hobbyists.

See also
Ranchu
Oranda

References

External links
Varieties of Goldfish - About Shukin
How To Take Care Of Goldfish


The 1996 du Maurier Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 107th edition of the Canada Masters and was part of the Mercedes Super 9 of the 1996 ATP Tour and of Tier I of the 1996 WTA Tour. The men's event took place at the National Tennis Centre in Toronto from August 5 through August 11, 1996, while the women's event took place at the du Maurier Stadium in Montreal from August 19 through August 26, 1996.

Finals

Men's singles

 Wayne Ferreira defeated  Todd Woodbridge 6–2, 6–4
 It was Ferreira's 2nd title of the year and the 18th of his career. It was his 3rd Masters title.

Women's singles

 Monica Seles defeated  Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 6–1, 7–6(7–2)
 It was Seles' 3rd title of the year and the 41st of her career. It was her 1st Tier I title of the year and her 6th overall. It was also her 2nd consecutive title at the event after winning in 1995.

Men's doubles

 Patrick Galbraith /  Paul Haarhuis defeated  Mark Knowles /  Daniel Nestor 7–6, 6–3
 It was Galbraith's 3rd title of the year and the 27th of his career. It was Haarhuis' 1st title of the year and the 29th of his career.

Women's doubles

 Larisa Neiland /  Arantxa Sánchez Vicario defeated  Mary Joe Fernandez /  Helena Suková 7–6(7–1) (Fernandez and Suková retired)
 It was Neiland's 4th title of the year and the 60th of her career. It was Sánchez Vicario's 11th title of the year and the 73rd of her career.

References

External links

 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tournament profile
 Women's Tennis Association (WTA) tournament profile

du Maurier Open
du Maurier Open
Canadian Open (tennis)
1996 in Canadian tennis


The Police is a play written by Polish playwright Sławomir Mrożek.

Written in 1958, it is Mrozek's first play and one of his most acclaimed early works. Written in the style of Theatre of the Absurd, and listed in the Martin Esslin book of the same name, it was produced at the Phoenix Theatre in New York in 1961.  A television production was aired in the United States in 1971 by PBS. It was directed by Christopher Loscher in 2007 at the Battersea Arts Centre in London as part of the TimeOut Critics' Choice season.

The play takes place in a mythical country where all opposition to the state has disappeared and the last remaining political prisoner is to be released.  Rather than face the prospect of retiring the police force, the chief of police decides to create an enemy of the state by ordering one of his officers to commit political crimes. The absurdity of the play culminates when the characters mutually arrest each other repeatedly, in an attempt to restore order and meaning to their world.

References

Polish plays
1958 plays


Slave of Kiss is the first EP released by Nana Kitade. "Kiss" is a cover of a Princess Princess song of the same name. A month later, the song was placed on the Princess Princess tribute album, "14 Princess ~Princess Princess Children~" as track #2. The EP includes an English version of Kitade's fifth single, "Kiss or Kiss". The A-side of this EP track #4 "sweet frozen kiss" is featured on her second album "I scream" . The EP reached #79 on the Oricon chart and stayed on the chart for a total of one week. At this point of her career, Kitade drastically changed her clothing to Gothic Lolita for the "Kiss" video.

Track listing

Video
The video for Kitade's cover of "Kiss" features her singing in her new changed Gothic Lolita look in a yellow background, spinning, and one Nana Kitade singing and another one next to her staring into the camera.

Charts

2006 EPs
Nana Kitade EPs
Japanese-language EPs


Henry John "Harry, Con" Corbeau (May 8, 1885 – June 1, 1920) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman in the National Hockey Association for the Toronto Blueshirts. Corbeau was a member of the Blueshirts when they won the Stanley Cup in 1914. Corbeau's brother Bert also played professional ice hockey. Both Corbeau brothers are distant cousins of Ted Lindsay.

Playing career
Born in Penetanguishene, Ontario, Corbeau played senior ice hockey with Toronto St. Georges and Victoria Harbour, before signing as a professional with the Pittsburgh Professionals of the International Professional Hockey League in 1905. In one of the earliest trades of a player, Pittsburgh traded him to the Calumet Miners in exchange for the Miners' vote to reinstate Hod Stuart. Corbeau played for both Calumet and the Canadian Soo teams that season as well as Pittsburgh. The following season, he signed with the Portage Lakes Hockey Club but was released and finished the season with Calumet. In 1907, he signed with the Toronto Pros of the OPHL, and played in their unsuccessful challenge of the Montreal Wanderers for the Stanley Cup.

Corbeau signed for the next season with Pittsburgh Athletic Club of the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League in 1908, but jumped his contract to re-sign with Toronto. Later that season, he jumped his contract with Toronto to play for the Haileybury Comets. In 1909, he re-signed with Haileybury for the new NHA, but he did not play a game. The following year, he stayed with Haileybury went it returned to the TPHL, although he finished the season with the Berlin Dutchmen of the OPHL. In 1912, he joined the new Toronto Tecumsehs of the NHA. He moved the following season to the Toronto Blueshirts and was a member of their Stanley Cup-winning squad. He played his final season of 1914–15 with the Glace Bay Miners of the Nova Scotia Eastern Pro League. He coached after his playing days with Port Arthur Columbus Club before returning home to Penetanguishene, and died in 1920 of internal bleeding of his heart.

References

1885 births
1920 deaths
Calumet Miners players
Haileybury Comets players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Pittsburgh Athletic Club (ice hockey) players
Pittsburgh Professionals players
Portage Lakes Hockey Club players
Sault Ste. Marie Marlboros players
Stanley Cup champions
Toronto Blueshirts players
Toronto Tecumsehs players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen


Marcel Dumoulin (17 January 1905 – 30 June 1981) was a French weightlifter. He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics, in the 1932 Summer Olympics, and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Career
Dumoulin was born in Strasbourg. In 1928 he finished tenth in the heavyweight class. Four years later he finished fourth in the heavyweight class at the 1932 Games. At the 1936 Olympics, he finished again tenth in the heavyweight class.

References

External links

Marcel Dumoulin's profile at Sports Reference.com
Brief biography of Marcel Dumoulin

1905 births
1981 deaths
French male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for France
Weightlifters at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 1936 Summer Olympics
20th-century French people


The traditional periodization of Korean distinguishes:
 Old Korean (, to 918), the earliest attested stage of the language, through to the fall of Unified Silla. Many authors include the few inscriptions from Silla in the Three Kingdoms period. Authors differ on whether the poorly attested speech of the Goguryeo and Baekje kingdoms and Gaya Confederacy were dialects of Old Korean or separate languages.
 Middle Korean (, 918–1600), corresponding to the Goryeo period (918–1392), when the capital moved from the southeast to Kaesong, and Joseon up to the Imjin Wars (1592–1598). Middle Korean is often divided into Early and Late periods corresponding to the two dynasties. The introduction of the Hangul alphabet in 1446 (early in the Late period) transformed the documentation of the language in comparison with previous systems based on adaptations of Chinese characters.
 Early Modern Korean (, 17th to 19th centuries), corresponding to the later part of Joseon.
 Modern Korean (, from the beginning of the 20th century).
Nam Pung-hyun has suggested that the division between Old and Middle Korean ought to be drawn at the time of the Mongol invasions of Korea (mid-13th century).
He divides his extended Old Korean period into Early (Three Kingdoms), Middle (Unified Silla) and Late (early Goryeo) periods.

Origins

Korean and the closely related Jeju language form the compact Koreanic language family. A relation to the Japonic languages is debated but currently not accepted by most linguists.
Another theory is the Altaic Theory Mopak Datu., but it is either discredited or fringe.

Homer Hulbert claimed the Korean language was Ural-Altaic in his book The History of Korea (1905). The classification of Korean as Altaic was introduced by Gustaf John Ramstedt (1928), but even within the debunked Altaic hypothesis, the position of Korean relative to Japonic is unclear. A possible Korean–Japonic grouping within Altaic has been discussed by Samuel Martin, Roy Andrew Miller and Sergei Starostin. Others, notably Vovin, interpret the affinities between Korean and Japanese as an effect caused by geographic proximity, i.e. a sprachbund.

Old Korean

Use of Classical Chinese by Koreans began in the fourth century or earlier, and phonological writing in Idu script was developed by the sixth century.
It is unclear whether Old Korean was a tonal language. It is assumed that Old Korean was divided into dialects, corresponding to the three kingdoms. Of these, the Sillan language is the best attested due to the political domination of Later Silla by the seventh century.
Only some literary records of Unified Silla, changed into Goryeo text, are extant and some texts (written in their native writing system) of the Three Kingdoms period are mostly available in form of inscriptions at present.
Thus, the languages of the Three Kingdoms period are generally examined through official government names and local district names.
There is very little literature for research of Old Korean. The first texts in Old Korean were written using Hanja to represent the sound and grammar of the local language.
Additional information about the language is drawn from various proper nouns recorded in Korean and Chinese records, and from etymological studies of the Korean pronunciations of Chinese characters.
Various systems were used, beginning with ad hoc approaches and gradually becoming codified in the Idu script and the hyangchal system used for poetry. These were arrangements of Chinese characters to represent the language phonetically, much like the Japanese man'yōgana.

Middle Korean

The language standard of this period is based on the dialect of Kaesong because Goryeo moved the capital city to the northern area of the Korean Peninsula.

The first foreign record of Korean is the Jilin leishi, written in 1103 by a Chinese Song dynasty writer, Sūn Mù .  It contains several hundred items of Goryeo-era Korean vocabulary with the pronunciation indicated through the use of Chinese characters, and is thus one of the main sources for information on Early Middle Korean. From a phonological perspective however, the usefulness of this material is limited due to logographic nature of the characters.

The Chinese Ming dynasty Bureau of Translators compiled a Chinese–Korean vocabulary of Joseon-era Korean in the mid-16th century.

There were tones in Middle Korean.

The creation of the Hunminjeongeum ("Proper Sounds for the Instruction of the People"), the original name for Hangul, was completed in 1443 by Sejong the Great, the fourth Joseon king, and promulgated in September or October 1446.

Hunminjeongeum was an entirely new and native script for the Korean language and people. The script was initially named after the publication, but later came to be known as "Hangul". It was created so that the common people illiterate in Hanja could accurately and easily read and write the Korean language. Its supposed publication date, October 9, is now "Hangul Day" (also known as The Korean Alphabet Day) in South Korea.

In Korean wiktionary, the pronunciation of Middle Korean is represented by the Yale romanization of Korean. This is because the Revised Romanization of Korean was only designed for Modern Korean. Yale romanization of Korean places primary emphasis on showing a word's morphophonemic structure, so it does not indicate the actual pronunciation of the day.

Modern Korean

Over the decades following the Korean War and the division of Korea, North–South differences in the Korean language have developed, including variances in pronunciation, verb inflection and vocabulary.

References

Works cited


Waldemar Robert Niestroj (born 2 December 1976) is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for a number of clubs in Germany, England, Greece and Iceland.

Career
Niestroj was born in Opole, Silesia, Poland. He began his professional career with Fortuna Düsseldorf, making his debut on 26 April 1997 in a 5–0 loss at Bayern Munich, the only Bundesliga appearance of his career. He broke into the team during the 1997–98 season, scoring seven times, the best seasonal tally of his career.

After a bright start to the following campaign, he was spotted by English First Division side Wolverhampton Wanderers, who bought him in November 1998 for £500,000 as Colin Lee's first signing. He failed to make much impact though and managed just seven appearances in total (six of which came during the 1998–99 season that saw the club miss out on the play-offs on the final day).

Out of favour at Molineux, he spent the rest of his contract on loan at 1. FC Nürnberg and Greek side Iraklis Salonica. He then rejoined his former club Fortuna Düsseldorf as a free agent in January 2002, where he remained for a season-and-a-half.

He had short stays at FC Sachsen Leipzig, Icelandic side Grindavik, Preußen Münster and Greeks Panserraikos.

References

1976 births
Living people
People from Opole
Polish emigrants to Germany
Naturalized citizens of Germany
German people of Polish descent
German men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
English Football League players
Fortuna Düsseldorf players
SC Preußen Münster players
1. FC Nürnberg players
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. players
Iraklis F.C. (Thessaloniki) players
Panserraikos F.C. players
FC Sachsen Leipzig players
Grindavík men's football players
SV 19 Straelen players
German expatriate men's footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate men's footballers in England
German expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
German expatriate sportspeople in Iceland
Expatriate men's footballers in Iceland