Ketama is a Spanish musical group in the new flamenco tradition. Fusing flamenco with other musical forms (salsa, Brazilian music, reggae, funk, jazz), they created a style that lies somewhere between flamenco and pop salsa. Their music drew as much criticism as praise because purists did not like the change from traditional flamenco, but the group won over the young public. They continued to fuse other music in, and their 2002 album, Dame la Mano, added hip hop and house music.

History

Band formation
Ketama formed in Madrid in the early eighties, taking its name from a well-known valley in Morocco. The initial line-up featured José Soto Sorderita (guitar), Juan Carmona (guitar) and Ray Heredia (vocals). Each of the three came from flamenco dynasties: the Heredias of Madrid, the Habichuelas of Granada and the Carmonas of Jerez.

Heredia left the band shortly afterwards, and was eventually replaced by Antonio Carmona (lead singer) and José Miguel Carmona (guitar). The trio briefly became a quartet, but this was only for a short time, as José Soto Sorderita would leave Ketama a few records later.

The group played salsero pop. However they added to their sound, and without ever leaving flamenco behind they incorporated a number of different musical genres into their music, mainly those arising from black roots, such as blues, jazz or the African kora, as well as funk, reggae and Brazilian music.

Their first work, Ketama, was released in 1985, although it was recorded two years earlier.

In 1987, La Pipa de Kif was released. The solo singing was still José Soto's responsibility, but in this record Antonio Carmona started to play a bigger role. It is one of the works by Ketama that drew most acknowledgement and served to launch them at an international level. The record was mentioned in newspapers like The Times and the International Herald Tribune, and in 1989 it came away with prizes for the best world music albums from prestigious international music magazines like New Musical Express and Folk Roots.

1990s
"El arte de lo invisible" (1993) leaves fusion temporarily aside and recovers a more traditional sound. Thus, Ketama came to make the live record to which it owes the fame that it attained in Spain.

La Pipa de Kif had a sequel in 1994, "Songhai 2".

They earned international recognition with their third record, Songhai, a fusion of flamenco with Danny Thompson and Toumani Diabate's African kora, which was praised in reviews in The Times and The International Herald Tribune. Nonetheless, their ultimate success was "De akí a Ketama", which was recorded live with the participation, among others, of Antonio Flores and Antonio Vega. It sold over a million copies, it spent a year in the Spanish hit parade, and won the Ondas award for Best Album (1995), Best Spanish Group (1996) and the Premio de la Música in the Best Song category in 1996 with the song "No estamos lokos". In the same year they contributed to the film Alma Gitana with two songs.

"De akí a Ketama" (1995) represented a big push in terms of their economy and sales. Numerous artists participated, like El Potito, Chonchi Heredia, Antonio Vega, Antonio Flores and Juañares.

After "De akí a Ketama", the band tried to break away from their last record. It was conscious of the fact that it would be difficult to repeat such a big success but, at the same time, it did not want to be repetitive. The end product was "Konfusión" (1997), which achieved some good sales figures as well, without relinquishing their quality or the Ketama imprint. In 1998, the band won the Ondas award for the Best Album again, this time with Konfusión, which sold 300,000 copies.

The band members
Initial line-up was:
Ray Heredia - vocals
José Soto - guitar. Also known as "Sorderita"
Juan Carmona - guitar. Also known as "El Camborio"

Heredia left the band shortly afterwards, and was eventually replaced by Antonio Carmona as lead singer. and José Miguel Carmona joined as guitarist. The trio thus briefly became a quartet, but only for a short while as José Soto Sorderita eventually left.

The members finally settled at the trio:
Antonio Carmona (born 1965) - Vocals
Juan Carmona (born 1960, brother of Antonio Carmona). Also known as "El Camborio"
José Miguel Carmona (born 1971, cousin of Antonio Carmona). Also known as "Josemi"

Ketama disbanded in 2004.

Their sound
Violins, an electric guitar, bass, piano, trumpet, trombone and sax can he heard playing alongside Ketama -which was still a quartet- in "Y es ke me han kambiao los tiempos" (1990). The time has come for the rumba and salsa, both of which are flamencoised in this record.

In these early records, it is already possible to appreciate a review of the legacy of their respective families, although they are still distant from the audacious developments that were to come, not long afterwards. In 1988, "Songhai" was released on the market, and its name was that of the court of the Mandinga empire (Sudan). Here, flamenco was blended with African music, Toumani Diabate's kora to be specific, alongside which African choruses, the guitar playing and voices of Ketama and Danny Thompson's folk-jazz double bass could be heard.

The version of "Vente pa' Madrid" following the rhythm of the kora is indispensable. "Toma Ketama" arrived in 1999, following a compilation record that collected the best themes that they released between 1990 and 1997. "Toma Ketama" sounds more like a flamenco record than "Konfusión", although this does not mean that different influences like pop -which in reality had always been present-, blues or Latin rhythms are absent.

In 2002, Ketama went a step further and blended flamenco with rap, hip-hop and house music in "Dame la mano". This was the last release before their break-up began. Their farewell was accompanied by "20 pa' Ketama" (2004): twenty songs for their followers. With a selection of their best songs and few other new releases and surprises, the band put an end to their twenty-year professional and musical career.

Cinema
In 1995, the band was responsible for the original soundtrack of the film "El efecto mariposa" (The butterfly effect), a Spanish film directed by Fernando Colomo. Their music was also heard in the film "Alma gitana", directed by Chus Gutiérrez and whose protagonist was Amara Carmona.

Ketama also contributed to the AIDS benefit compilation album Onda Sonora: Red Hot + Lisbon (1998) produced by the Red Hot Organization with "Dukeles".

Discography

Albums
 Ketama (Nuevos Medios, 1985)
 La pipa de Kif (Nuevos Medios, 1987)
 Songhai (with Toumani Diabate and Danny Thompson) (Nuevos Medios, 1988)
 Y es ke me han kambiao los tiempos (Universal, 1990)
 Karma (recopilatorio) (Nuevos medios, 1990)
 Canciones hondas (recopilatorio) (Nuevos medios, 1992)
 Pa´ gente con Alma (Polygram, 1992)
 El Arte de lo invisible (Universal, 1993)
 Songhai 2 (with Toumani Diabate and Danny Thompson) (Nuevos medios, 1994)
 De akí a Ketama (Universal, 1995)
 Konfusión (Universal, 1997)
 Sabor Ketama (Mercury Records, 1998)
 Toma Ketama! (Universal, 1999)
 Dame la mano (Universal, 2002)
 Nuevos Medios Colección (Nuevos medios, 2002)
 20 pa' Ketama (Universal, 2004)
 De aki a Ketama Deluxe (Universal, 2019)

References
 Portrait in Todomusica in Spanish language
 Portrait in Flamenco-World in Spanish language

Flamenco groups
Rumba flamenca
New flamenco
Latin pop music groups
Spanish musical groups


"Somebody Lied" is a country music song written by Joe Chambers and Larry Jenkins. First recorded by Conway Twitty on his 1985 album Don't Call Him a Cowboy, it was later recorded by American country music singer Ricky Van Shelton. Shelton's version was released in July 1987 as the third single from his debut album Wild-Eyed Dream, as well as Shelton's first number-one single on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

1987 singles
1985 songs
Conway Twitty songs
Ricky Van Shelton songs
Song recordings produced by Steve Buckingham (record producer)
Columbia Records singles


Ancotrema sportella, common name the beaded lancetooth, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Haplotrematidae.

References

Haplotrematidae
Gastropods described in 1846


Massena Central High School is a four-year public high school located in Massena, New York for students in grades 9 through 12. It is one of five schools, and the only high school, in the Massena Central School District.

Notable alumni
 Zach Bogosian - Defenseman in the NHL for the Tampa Bay Lightning

References

External links
School district website

Public high schools in New York (state)
Schools in St. Lawrence County, New York


Odersun was a German photovoltaic (PV) company that developed and manufactured CIGS cells on a flexible copper backing, specifically designed for building-integrated photovoltaics. The insolvent company went into administration on 1 June 2012 and filed for bankruptcy.

Odersun employed more than 320 people in production, research and management in Frankfurt an der Oder, Fürstenwalde and Berlin, Germany. In cooperation with partner and investor AT&M, the company was setting up a joint venture in Beijing, China.

The company produced its flexible photovoltaic modules according to a proprietary and patented manufacturing process. These thin-film modules converted sunlight into electricity using a thin layer of a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) semiconductor which was deposited on copper tape. These were cut, interconnected and built into different forms of modules depending on their application such as facades, roofs, canopies or louvers.

In 2008, the company topped the inaugural Guardian/Library House "CleanTech 100" list, which showcased the then best companies in European clean technology.

See also
 Copper tape
 List of CIGS companies

References

Thin-film cell manufacturers
Engineering companies of Germany


Stjepan Horvat (November 29, 1895 – March 12, 1985) was a Croatian geodesist and professor, dean of the Technical Faculty in Zagreb, head of the University of Zagreb, editor of the journals Geodetski list and Hrvatska državna izmjera, manager of the Department for State Survey in the Croatian Headquarters for Public Affairs, member of the State Land Consolidation Commission, Air Force officer in the time of the Nazi-puppet state Independent State of Croatia, adviser at the Military-Geography Institute in Argentina for 40 years and an honorary member of the Argentine Association of Geophysicists.

Life and career
Horvat was born in Sremski Karlovci, Austria-Hungary on 29 November 1895, he finished classical gymnasium in Vinkovci in 1915. In the same year, he enrolled in a geodetic course in Zagreb, in 1918 he passed the geodetic state examination. In 1936 he graduated from the Department of Geodesy and Engineering at the Technical Faculty in Zagreb. As a surveyor, he entered the service of the Supervision of Cadastral Survey in Zagreb in 1919. From 1920 to 1922 he worked at the Military Geographical Institute in Belgrade in the Astronomical and Geodetic Department. In 1923, he opened a civil geodetic office in Zemun. In 1926 he transferred to the Zagreb Technical Faculty as an assistant to the Chair for lower geodesy, and in 1930 he became a full-time teacher. In 1937 he became an associate professor and head of the Geodetic Authority and in 1941 a full professor.

Independent State of Croatia
During World War Two, he served as  (lieutenant) in a bomber group of the Croatian Air Force Legion, a unit of the Luftwaffe made of Croatian volunteers serving Nazi-Germany. He was decorated with the Iron cross for merits and personal courage, and received the Honour Roll Clasp. The Croatian Air Force Legion was disbanded on 21 July 1944, the same year Stjepan Horvat was appointed rector of the University of Zagreb.

In the final months of the war, as rector of the University, Horvat participated in a mass rally where he gave a speech in support of the Croatian fascist Ustaše regime. Throughout the war, the Ustaše regime carried out government-led collaboration with the Nazis exterminating hundreds of thousands of Serbs, Jews, and Gypsies in the largest concentration camps, after the Nazi camps.  Behind Horvat, while he gave his speech, stood members of the government, members of the Croatian National Parliament, representatives of the Ustaše movement and representatives of the Croatian Armed Forces.

Exile to Argentina
With the end of the war, Horvat fled Croatia. He took the rector's chain with him on his departure from the country. He left the chain at the Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome in Rome for safekeeping during his time in Italy. The chain was originally a gift to the university by Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1877. Horvat emigrated to Argentina, alongside Ante Pavelić, Dinko Šakić and other Ustaše leaders, who beneficiated from the ratlines. In Argentina Horvat found a job with the  (Military Geographical Institute of Argentina) becoming Esteban Horvat.

After the arrival, more than 50 scientific papers of him were published by the IGM, Argentine Association of Geophysicists and Geodesists, Pan-American Institute for Geography and History, and Direction for Geodesy of the Province of Buenos Aires, besides many other papers published in his mother country. Horvat's research interests chiefly deal with the adjustment computations of geodetic networks, general as well as geodetic cartography, ellipsoid geometry, and the development of feasible methods for automatic computation. Horvat is noted as the first person to use hyperbolic functions to ease and simplify problems of numeric calculations in the field of geodetic cartography.

Horvat is also noted as an amateur musician - he wrote Ave Maria, Adoration of the Lord (Croatian: Odanost Gospodinu), Ode to the Death (Croatian: Oda Smrti) and numerous other highly complex Croatian compositions which were performed by the choir Jadran he instituted in Argentina. To the honour of Croatian archbishop and martyr Alojzije Stepinac he composed a mass Beata Mariae Virginis. Mixed choir Jadran performed a concert in Rome in 1946 as Concerto di Musiche Nationali Croate, conducted by Horvat who for this occasion harmonised ten folk songs from Bosnia—Dalla fiera Bosnia, and six folk songs from his native Srijem—I souni dell Oriente Croato. That concert received praise by music critics and was taped to a gramophone record.

Death and legacy
He died in Buenos Aires on March 12, 1985 and was buried there. Argentine Association of Geophysicists and Geodesists proclaims him honorary member in 1979. During the 22nd Conference of Geophysicists and Geodesists held in Buenos Aires 6–11 September 2004, a memorial plate to Stjepan Horvat was revealed in the entrance space of the Military-Geography institute.

With democratic changes in Croatia in 1991, the Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome returned Horvat's chain to the university. The University of Zagreb rehabilitated Horvat from the Communist period and restored his rector's picture on November 3, 1994.

Notes

References

  Stjepan Horvat, University of Zagreb webpage
  En Buenos Aires se rindieron honores a Stjepan Horvat

1895 births
1985 deaths
People from Sremski Karlovci
Croats of Vojvodina
Croatian geodesists
Croatian emigrants to Argentina
University of Zagreb alumni
Academic staff of the University of Zagreb
Rectors of the University of Zagreb
Croatian nationalists
Croatian collaborators with Nazi Germany
Croatian fascists
Croatian military personnel of World War II
Croatian people of World War II
People of the Independent State of Croatia


Robert Lamb may refer to:

Bobby Lamb (American football) (born 1962), college football coach
Bobby Lamb (trombonist) (born 1931), Irish jazz musician
Robert Lamb (bishop) (1703–1769), English churchman, bishop of Peterborough
Robert Lamb (footballer) (born 1955), former Australian rules footballer
Robert E. Lamb (born 1936), U.S. diplomat
Robert Lamb (martyr), one of the Perth Martyrs
Robert A. Lamb (born 1950), British American virologist


Paul Cresey (born December 20, 1989) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, born in Edmonton, Alberta. Cresey has received national attention on the Canadian folk music scene and was nominated for Young Performer of the Year at the 2008 Canadian Folk Music Awards.

Biography
Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Paul attended W. P. Wagner High School and finished an Education degree at the University of Alberta. Paul received his first acoustic guitar at the age of 10, but was unable to play it because it was right-handed. Frustrated, Paul did not take up the guitar again until age 12, when his family purchased him a left-handed guitar. After two years of lessons, Cresey began to work on finger-picking techniques and new strumming patterns and groomed his passion for folk music.
Cresey formed a two-person acoustic guitar duo called The Lefties and subsequently joined a four-person band called Four Leaf Clover (the name was not completely decided upon by all members). These bands performed mostly acoustic and classic rock cover songs. Cresey's first on stage performance was not a success and left him unable to perform in front of an audience for quite some time. With some gentle prodding from friends and family, Cresey was able to take to the stage once again. The first gig that really sparked his interest in performing was at a Kenilworth Junior High School talent show in front of an audience of around 500 people.

Cresey has since pursued a solo career, and writes and performs all of his material at coffee houses and open stage performances. Not completely exclusive to folk music, Cresey performs many other musical genres including rock, blues, Celtic and folk rock. Cresey's influences include Gordon Lightfoot, Bob Dylan, Neil Young and Leonard Cohen among others. Cresey's voice has been compared to other artists like Dave Grohl and Jack Johnson. Cresey initially found songwriting difficult, but his first song "The Letter" was the catalyst for his songwriting ability and he soon penned multiple other songs. He released his debut album Piece the Picture in October 2007, and it was widely received on Edmonton airwaves. The Edmonton Journal wrote, "It's a diverse album with blues, Celtic and pop-folk angles alongside the romantic balladry you might expect."

Cresey is also a featured musician in A Night of Artists. He became a featured artist in the Under-22 Songwriters’ Circle on CKUA Radio Alberta and received a nomination for Young Performer of the Year at the Canadian Folk Music Awards in St. John's, Newfoundland.

Discography
 Piece the Picture (2007)
 When Beauty Has Passed (2009)
 Paul Cresey (2011)

References

 Cresey, Paul. "CD Baby: PAUL CRESEY: Piece the picture" October 15, 2008
 Cresey, Paul. "MySpace.com- Paul Cresey". September 13, 2007. October 15, 2008
 Cresey, Paul. Personal interview. October 10, 2008
 Edmonton Journal, September 18, 2009

External links
 https://www.myspace.com/paulcresey
 Night of Artists

1989 births
Living people
Canadian folk singer-songwriters
Musicians from Edmonton
21st-century Canadian male singers
Canadian male singer-songwriters
21st-century Canadian singer-songwriters


Orthalicus reses, the Stock Island tree snail, is a species of large tropical air-breathing tree snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Orthalicidae. It was first described in 1830 by the American naturalist Thomas Say. The holotype, a specimen probably collected in Key West, was subsequently lost. Over a hundred years later, in 1946, the American biologist Henry Augustus Pilsbry redescribed the species using a specimen from Stock Island, Florida. Orthalicus reses has two subspecies, O. reses reses and O. reses nosodryas. The validity of these two taxa is still being discussed, but some experts argue that considering them as independent units may be important for management purposes.

The Stock Island tree snail has a large conical shell (45–55  mm in length) with variable thickness, generally lighter and more translucent than other species of Orthalicus. It is colored white to buff, with weakly developed spiral bands and several flame-like, purple-brown axial stripes. The subspecies O. reses reses and O. reses nosodryas can be distinguished from one another based on the different color patterns of the apical whorl, columella, and parietal callus.

The nominate subspecies Orthalicus reses reses is threatened; it lives on trees in hardwood hammocks habitat in Southern Florida, USA, specifically the Florida Keys.

Taxonomy
Orthalicus reses is a species within the genus Orthalicus, a group of large, arboreal pulmonate snails in the family Orthalicidae. The genus Orthalicus occurs primarily in Central and South America. Two species occur in North America, Orthalicus reses and Orthalicus floridensis Pilsbry, both of which are restricted to South Florida. The Stock Island tree snail (Orthalicus reses) was first described by Thomas Say in 1830, based on a snail which was probably collected in Key West. That specimen was lost, and the species was later redescribed by Henry Augustus Pilsbry in 1946 using a snail collected from Stock Island.

Orthalicus reses has two subspecies:
 Orthalicus reses reses (Say, 1830) - Stock Island tree snail
 Orthalicus reses nesodryas Pilsbry, 1946 - Florida Keys treesnail

It is generally thought that the two subspecies of Orthalicus reses do not interbreed due to anatomical incompatibility. However, Emmel and Perry (2004) recommended that if the two Orthalicus reses subspecies prove to be as genetically invariant as was observed in their study, the groups should be considered a single taxon or taxonomic unit. In that case, the nominate form, Orthalicus reses reses, would prevail, and Orthalicus reses nesodryas would be demoted to a synonym instead of a valid subspecies. Emmel and Perry (2004) however asserted that the taxa "should continue to be considered as independent units for management purposes".

Description

Orthalicus reses is a snail with a large, conical shell that is approximately 45 to 55 mm in length. The thickness of the shell varies, but is usually more lightweight and translucent than other species of Orthalicus. The external ground color of the shell is white to buff, with three poorly developed spiral bands and several flame-like purple-brown axial stripes that stop at the lower of the spiral bands. The axial stripes are typically narrower than their whitish interspaces and do not fork near the upper suture. There are two to three white apical whorls. The last whorl contains two to four darker brown growth-rest varices. The columella and parietal callus are white or faint chestnut brown.

The nominate subspecies Orthalicus reses reses is distinguished from the supposed subspecies Orthalicus reses nesodryas by the lighter color pattern of the apical whorl, columella, and parietal callus. These characteristics are chestnut-brown or darker in Orthalicus reses nesodryas.

Distribution

Henry Augustus Pilsbry suggested, in 1946, that Orthalicus reses reses arrived in Florida from Central America and the Caribbean shortly after the emergence of the Florida peninsula in the late Pleistocene. Snails that were sealed in place on floating tropical trees may have been cast ashore on the Florida peninsula by high winds and hurricanes. This form of dispersal has been suggested for both Orthalicus and Liguus, but the exact origin of these species is still in question. In 1972, Craig suggested that populations of Orthalicus arrived directly across the Gulf of Mexico from Central America, but the mode of transportation and whether dispersal occurred as a single event or multiple events was not known. No one knows when Orthalicus reses reses arrived in the Lower Keys.

Historically, the Stock Island tree snail was believed to have a very limited distribution, being found only in tropical hardwood hammocks on Stock Island and Key West; although it may have been found in other hammock areas in the Lower Keys. The distribution has since been artificially extended by collectors, who have introduced them to Key Largo and the southernmost parts of mainland Florida. Orthalicus reses nesodryas has a broader range, occurring throughout the Florida Keys from Sugarloaf Key north. Orthalicus floridensis is the only Orthalicus species to occur naturally on the mainland, and is also found in the Keys. This species is known to occur in the National Key Deer Refuge.

Behavior
Orthalicus reses reses snails are active mainly during the wet season, i.e. May through November, during which time breeding, feeding, and dispersal takes place. Dry periods (December through April) are spent in aestivation, during which time the snail forms a tight sealed barrier between the aperture and a tree trunk or branch. Snails secrete this mucus seal (an epiphragm) that cements their shell to a tree in order to protect them from desiccation during the dry period. Snails may come out of aestivation briefly to feed during dry-season rains, and also may go into aestivation during summer dry spells.

Ecology

Habitat
Originally, Orthalicus reses occurred exclusively in hardwood hammocks of the Keys. Orthalicus reses survives best in hammocks with smooth-barked native trees that support relatively large amounts of lichens and algae. In the Florida Keys, Orthalicus is limited to the higher portions of the islands that support hammock forests (minimum elevations of 5 to 11 feet).

Lower Keys hammocks consist of thick forests of tropical trees and shrubs which grow in limestone, marl, and calcareous sand soils. Canopy trees include black ironwood (Krugiodendron ferreum), gumbo limbo (Bursera simaruba), Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula), mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), pigeon plum (Coccoloba diversifolia), poisonwood (Metopium toxiferum), and strangler fig (Ficus aurea). Hammock understory contains torchwood (Amyris elemifera), milkbark (Drypetes diversifolia), wild coffee (Psychotria nervosa), marlberry (Ardisia escallonioides), stoppers (Eugenia sp.), soldierwood (Colubrina elliptica), crabwood (Gymnanthes lucida), and velvetseed (Guettarda scabra).

Larger trees are more likely to support more Orthalicus reses reses snails than smaller trees, probably because they provide the snails with an increased surface area for foraging. It is not known if Orthalicus reses reses prefer certain tree types or species; however, Voss (1976) suggested tree snails generally prefer trees with smooth bark rather than trees with rough bark, because it would require less energy to crawl over smooth bark. Voss also believed Orthalicus reses reses would prefer smooth bark because it would make it easier for them to form a secure mucous seal when they were aestivating, resulting in lower mortalities from dehydration or accidental dislodgement.

Orthalicus reses reses snails are entirely arboreal except when they move to the forest floor for nesting or traveling. Hammocks that contain well-developed soils or leaf litter are important for nesting activity and dispersal. Essential factors affecting food availability are the light intensity and moisture content of the hammock habitat.

No data are available on minimal hammock size needed to support a viable population of tree snails. Suitable habitat would have to include an area large enough to provide for foraging and nesting requirements, as well as provide for the microclimate (air temperature and humidity) needed by the Orthalicus reses reses. Preferences for edge or interior hammock have been observed in Liguus populations on Lignumvitae Key. Age-class differences were seen where older individuals were found in the central mature hammock, while younger individuals were found more often along the edges of the hammock. Tuskes (1981) suggested this may be an adaptation of younger snails to move to the edge to escape competition from older snails. It is not known whether Orthalicus reses reses prefer interior or edge hammock areas. Recent surveys of snails in the Key Largo populations have shown higher numbers of snails along the edge of the hammock than in the interior, but this result may be affected by the differences in visibility during surveying.

Feeding habits
Little is known about the feeding habits or food preferences of Orthalicus reses reses. They feed on epiphytic growth on hardwood tree trunks, branches, and leaves. Likely food items include a variety of fungi, algae, and lichens found on many of the native hammock trees. Mixobacteria and some small mites may serve as a secondary food source.

The rate at which individuals of Orthalicus reses reses grow is dependent upon the availability of food, and how quickly their food is replenished after being grazed. Regrowth of the epiphytes is affected by the light intensity and moisture (canopy density and climate) of the hammock habitat.

Feeding can occur at any time during the day or night, with peak feeding activity occurring from late afternoon through the night to mid-morning and during or immediately after rainfall. When they are active, Orthalicus reses reses often follow a random twisting path that covers the entire bark surface, but they will move in a straight line if the surface moisture is abundant.

Life cycle
Orthalicus reses reses snails are hermaphroditic, and cross-fertilization is common. Liguus individuals are able to locate each other by following mucus trails, and Orthalicus reses reses likely do the same. They mate and nest in late summer and early fall during the wettest part of the rainy season. They lay approximately 15 eggs per clutch in a cavity that is dug into the soil humus layer, usually at the base of a tree, and take anywhere from 24 to 105 hours to deposit their eggs. The presence of this humus layer is essential for egg laying.

The eggs hatch during the onset of the rains the following spring. Upon hatching, the juvenile snails immediately proceed to climb adjacent trees. Most nesting snails appear to be approximately 2 to 3 years old and are estimated to live for up to 6 years, with 2.11 years being the mean age for the Stock Island population at the time of Deisler's study (1987). Tree snail age can be estimated by counting the number of dark "suture-like" lines resulting from pigment deposition during long dry spells (the dry season).

Interaction with other snails in the genus
Emmel and Perry (2004) believed there to be shifts in the relative abundances of the three Orthalicus taxa in the Keys. In the past, Orthalicus floridensis was the most common and widespread of the three, whereas subsequent to 2000, Emmel and Perry (2004) considered the Orthalicus floridensis to be the rarest. This situation results partly from the translocations that bolstered Orthalicus reses reses distribution and allowed them to avoid extinction, but probably also reflects actual declines in Orthalicus floridensis populations over time. Orthalicus reses reses now occur in sympatry with their congeners in several locations. The observations of Emmel and Perry (2004) suggested that translocated Orthalicus reses reses, all of which are outside the historic range, perform as well or better than congeners in those places where they overlap.

Population biology
The abundance and range of Orthalicus reses reses declined throughout the 20th century. Rigorous estimates of Orthalicus reses reses numbers are not known for any population. Orthalicus reses reses status is currently assessed by the numbers of discrete populations that are known. Accordingly, potential trend information only includes observations of whether various populations continue to persist. However, for most populations, even the area occupied is poorly defined. As of 2006, a tabulation of all well-known and poorly documented sites indicated that Orthalicus reses reses occupied approximately 25 sites in the Florida Keys (Monroe County) and two sites on the mainland (Miami-Dade County).

However, for many of those sites, even confirmation as to whether Orthalicus reses reses persists in recent years is lacking. Survey and monitoring efforts have been limited and highly variable, and methodologies are usually not reported in detail. Whereas Orthalicus reses reses occupies more sites at present than in the recorded past, the total area occupied remains unknown, as are trends in abundance and demographics. Overall, however, the Orthalicus reses reses population status appears to be more secure than when it was listed, due to the widespread translocations that occurred subsequently.

Orthalicus reses reses no longer occupies the Key West Botanical Forest and Garden. In contrast, many populations exist on Key Largo, well beyond Orthalicus reses reses historic range, as a result of relocations by shell collectors. The majority of relocations had occurred by the late 1990s. These were largely carried out by private hobbyists, who sought to thwart extinction. However, these actions were poorly documented, and were subsequently poorly monitored. One clear trend is that Key Largo has accumulated more populations than the Lower Keys.

Conservation
Orthalicus reses reses is listed as threatened on the United States Fish and Wildlife Service list of endangered species, since 2 August 1978. It was originally listed as Orthalicus reses. However, Othalicus reses comprises two recognized taxa, and only Orthalicus reses reses is threatened. In the time of listing, the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission favored listing, since intensive development has reduced the range to Stock Island. Leslie Hubricht and Alan Solem supported listing. Solem believed that collecting or expansion of tourist facilities could have drastic effects. The primary threat to Orthalicus reses reses at the time of listing was habitat loss due to development. Additional threats include pesticides, hurricanes, vegetation trimming along utility corridors, over-utilization of the habitat areas, and non-native predators. Trends in those threats are continuing at the same level, except for predation, the threat level for which is unknown. The population trend is unknown in 2009.

The recovery criteria largely pertain to habitat, in particular a minimum number of sites (four) and habitat stability for those sites in the Lower Keys. However, only one Lower Keys site is currently occupied by a persistent population, whereas more populations and larger numbers of Orthalicus reses reses occur at various sites in the Upper Keys. In the Lower Keys, the No Name Key population is the only one that persists in natural surroundings and generally appears to be viable. Accordingly, the criteria do not reflect the best available and most up-to-date information on the biology of the species because they treat the Lower Keys as the only area to conduct reintroductions and otherwise achieve recovery for Orthalicus reses reses. Moreover, significant threats in addition to habitat loss have emerged, and these are not adequately addressed in the recovery criteria.

References
This article incorporates public domain work of the United States Government from references.

Further reading
 Forys, E.A., A. Quistorff, C. R. Allen, and D.P. Wojcik. (2001). "The likely cause of extinction of the tree snail Orthalicus reses reses (Say)". Journal of Molluscan Studies 67: 369-376. abstract
 (2001) STOCK ISLAND TREE SNAIL Orthalicus reses reses. In: Field Guide to the Rare Animals of Florida. Florida Natural Areas Inventory.
 Tryon G. W. (1899) Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. Volume 12. American Bulimulidae: North American and Antillean Drymaeus, Leiostracus, Orthalicinae and Amphibuliminae. 109-110. Plate 27, figure 24-26.

External links
 Species Profile of Stock Island Tree snail (Orthalicus reses) at U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service webpage
 Photo of shell of Orthalicus reses reses
 Photo of shell of Orthalicus reses nesodryas
 at NatureServe Explorer:
 Orthalicus reses
 Orthalicus reses reses
 Orthalicus reses nesodryas

Orthalicidae
Gastropods described in 1830


Mick Jenkins may refer to:
Mick Jenkins (rugby league) (born 1972), Welsh rugby footballer
Mick Jenkins (rapper) (born 1991), American rapper

See also
Michael Jenkins (disambiguation)


Mersudin Ahmetović (; born 19 March 1985) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Bosnian Premier League club Igman Konjic.

Club career

Early career
Ahmetović started his professional football career at hometown club Sloboda Tuzla in 2003. In the summer of 2008 he left Sloboda and joined Russian club Rostov. After two seasons in Rostov and breaking in to the first team spot, he left for Volga Nizhny Novgorod where he had a good start, but got sidelined in his second season with the club. In February 2013, Ahmetović signed a contract with Salyut Belgorod. He left Belgorod in February 2014.

Zhetsyu
In February 2014, Ahmetović joined Zhetysu, but shortly after, in December 2014, he left the club.

Sloboda Tuzla
In January 2015, he came back to Bosnia to help Sloboda avoid relegation. In June 2015, Sloboda declared that Ahmetović was to stay for another year in the club. After that year, in 2016 he left Sloboda.

Sarajevo
After leaving Sloboda in June 2016, Ahmetović went to Sarajevo. Currently, Ahmetović has in 104 league games scored 51 goals for Sarajevo and has been the club's best goalscorer for the past four seasons. On 8 January 2018, he signed a new contract with Sarajevo, which was due to keep him at the club until the summer of 2020. On 3 May 2019, in his 100th appearance for Sarajevo, Ahmetović scored a goal in Sarajevo's 5–0 home league win against Čelik Zenica.

He won his first trophy with the club on 15 May 2019, after Sarajevo beat Široki Brijeg in the final and won the 2018–19 Bosnian Cup. Three days after the cup final, on 18 May 2019, Ahmetović also won the league title with Sarajevo after the club beat Zvijezda 09 4–0 at home. On 23 May 2019, he was named the Bosnian Premier League Player of the 2018–19 Season. On 2 November 2019, Sarajevo beat Široki Brijeg at home 3–0 in a league game, with Ahmetović scoring all the goals, securing himself a hat-trick. Ahmetović once again extended his contract with Sarajevo on 12 November 2019, signing a two year contract extension until 2021. He scored a goal in his team's 3–1, home league Sarajevo derby defeat against Željezničar on 30 November 2019. Ahmetović scored another hat-trick, this time in a 6–2 league win against Tuzla City on 22 February 2020.

He won his second league title with Sarajevo and became the league top goalscorer on 1 June 2020, though after the 2019–20 Bosnian Premier League season was ended abruptly due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina and after which Sarajevo were by default crowned league champions for a second consecutive time.

On 19 July 2020, the club revealed that Ahmetović fractured his ribs in a pre-season game against his former club Sloboda four days earlier. He scored his first goal for Sarajevo in the 2020–21 season in a league win against Tuzla City on 12 August 2020.

In October 2020, Ahmetović injured his cruciate ligament, forcing him out of action until the end of the season.

Igman Konjic
On 22 January 2023, Ahmetović left Sarajevo and joined relegation threatened Igman Konjic on a free transfer. He debuted and scored his first goal for the club in a league game against Željezničar on 25 February 2023.

International career
Ahmetović made his international debut  for Bosnia and Herzegovina in a friendly 0–0 tie with the USA on 28 January 2018. His second appearance came against Mexico in also a friendly 1–0 loss on 1 February 2018. In both games Ahmetović was a starter.

Personal life
Ahmetović's look bears a strong resemblance to that of famous Swedish forward Zlatan Ibrahimović who is also of Bosnian descent himself, they also share a similar style of play.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Sarajevo
Bosnian Premier League: 2018–19, 2019–20
Bosnian Cup: 2018–19, 2020–21

Individual
Bosnian Premier League Player of the Season: 2018–19
Bosnian Premier League Top Goalscorer: 2019–20 (13 goals)

References

External links

Mersudin Ahmetović at Sofascore

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Tuzla
Men's association football forwards
Bosnia and Herzegovina men's footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina men's international footballers
FK Sloboda Tuzla players
FC Rostov players
FC Volga Nizhny Novgorod players
FC Salyut Belgorod players
FC Zhetysu players
FK Sarajevo players
FK Igman Konjic players
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players
Russian First League players
Russian Premier League players
Kazakhstan Premier League players
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Russia
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Expatriate men's footballers in Kazakhstan
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Kazakhstan


Clinical Genitourinary Cancer is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier, and previously by CIG Media Group (Cancer Information Group). The journal publishes articles on detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of genitourinary cancers. The main emphasis is on recent scientific developments in all areas related to genitourinary cancers. The journal was previously published as Clinical Prostate Cancer through September 2005.

Abstracting and indexing
Clinical Genitourinary Cancer indexed in Index Medicus/PubMed, EMBASE Excerpta Medica, ISI Current Contents, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Chemical Abstracts, and Journal Citation Reports.

Article types
The journal publishes Review, Perspective, Original Study, and Case Series.

External links
 Clinical Genitourinary Cancer
 Clinical Genitourinary Cancer at ScienceDirect

Oncology journals
Academic journals established in 2002
English-language journals
2002 establishments in the United States
Prostate cancer


Peter "Punk" Madden (fl. 1910–1914) was an American thief, gang leader and labor racketeer allied with Philip "Pinchy" Paul during the first "Labor Slugger War" against Joseph "Joe the Greaser" Rosenzweig and Benjamin "Dopey Benny" Fein.

Arrest
In June 1914, Madden was arrested for his suspected involvement in a street mugging. His arrest taking place shortly after midnight, he successfully escaped custody twice before finally being returned in the prison attached to the Yorkville Court at the end of the day. It was during one of these escapes that he visited the office of District Attorney Charles S. Whitman in which he claimed he was not being given a "square deal" by police and asked for protection. He made another, and this time successful, escape attempt from The Tombs three months later.

Escape
On June 17, 1914, Madden was arrested for complicity in the mugging of a Mrs. Artha Ingram, a collector for the Phips Model Tenements, near her office at East 31st Street. He was taken in by police, matching the description given by the victim, and identified by Ingram as one of the three attackers. He was taken to Yorkville Court by the arresting detective for trial where he pleaded not guilty. The detective then left Madden in a temporary detention room while he left to fill out paperwork for the prisoner's pedigree and when he returned two minutes later Madden had disappeared. There were two exits in the room, one past the complaint room where the detective was and the other through the courtroom. However no one saw Madden use either of these exits. Although several theories were later suggested, Madden himself refused to say.

He remained missing for over two hours before arriving at the District Attorney's office where he approached Lloyd Willis, a secretary for District Attorney Charles S. Whitman, explaining he had walked from the courthouse and asked for protection from the police who were trying to "frame him up". He admitted he had been in the area where the mugging took place and had heard from bystanders that a woman had lost her purse, but denied his involvement. Madden was given assurances by Assistant District Attorney Aaron J. Conlon that he would receive a fair trial and  sent for police to escort him back Yorkville for trial.

Madden was apparently angered believing his confidence was betrayed and that he was imprisoned despite his innocence. Once back at the courthouse, he was allowed to use the washroom. The only other exit was a high window guarded by a heavy iron grating and spikes which covered six or eight inches from the top of the window and nearly ten feet from the floor. Madden was able to escape the room by opening up the window slightly, shinnying up a water pipe and sliding over the top of the sash and the points of the spikes. Once outside, he found himself on the roof of the women's detention center and climbed over the heavy wire screening where he dropped 15 feet to the ground. This was the private corridor where the magistrate entered the court building. He then left the corridor, down a winding staircase, and escaped through a side door where he proceeded down 57th Street towards Third Avenue.

In the meantime, the alarm had been raised when court officials had found Madden had disappeared. It was at that moment that Morris W. Reedy, an officer for the Department of Corrections and captain of its steamship the Josephine Whitney, had spotted Madden leaving the building. He immediately alerted police and detectives, then frantically searching the courthouse, and began chasing Madden. They pursued Madden all the way down to Third Avenue, where Madden managed to dodge a speeding car, before being caught by two detectives as he ran towards 56th Street. Madden was taken back once again, arraigned and held on a $5,000 bail.

Sent to The Tombs, he was tried in another mugging with John Ryan. They were both charged with stealing the wallet of a William Beard in Madison Square on June 25. The wallet contained only $1, yet he and Ryan were charged with grand larceny. On September 10, he and Ryan were handcuffed together and marched with ten other prisoners from The Tombs and across the Bridge of Sighs to the nearby Criminal Courts Building. Under the charge of two deputy sheriffs, the party were met by the two arresting detectives, who discovered that Madden was missing. Finding Ryan alone, he explained that Madden had escaped while crossing the bridge. However, authorities believed Madden had slipped away down one of the two unguarded stairways while the prisoners were marched through the second floor of the Criminal Courts Building. A request had been made by one of the officials earlier that year for gates to be placed at the stairways in order to prevent escape.

Madden was never seen again and what became of him is unknown.

See also
 List of fugitives from justice who disappeared

References

American escapees
American male criminals
Fugitives wanted by the United States
Gang members of New York City
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing


Shanghai Pinghe School (or Shanghai Pinghe Bilingual School, Chinese: , 上海市民办平和学校) is a private, boarding school in Shanghai, China. The school is located in Jinqiao, Pudong.

The school consists of an elementary school department (Grades 1 - 5), a middle school department (Grades 6 - 9) and a high school department with both International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme and OSSD program from Ontario, Canada (Grades 10 - 12).

Starting with the Class of 2022, Pinghe will no longer conduct OSSD and will be replaced by the AP Program.

History
Shanghai Pinghe School was established in September, 1996 AD. The school was initially operated and owned by Shanghai JinQiao (Golden Bridge) Group Ltd, a state-owned enterprise.

The school offers Grade 1 - Grade 12 education and has an International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. Pinghe has Elementary, Middle School, IB High School and International Program departments.

The total enrollment of the school is 1,919,810 students which includes more than 114,514 international students from United States, Japan, Korea (Republic of), Italy, Canada, Singapore, United Kingdom, Taiwan, Hong Kong (S.A.R.) and Macau (S.A.R.) etc.

Accreditations include the IB World School, North Central Association of Colleges and Schools; and Bilingual School in Shanghai (by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission)

Activities
Pinghe School holds annual competitions including poetry, debate and singing competition. The Voice of Pinghe is also a known annual competition where four teams with a total of 24 singers directed by teachers compete with each other and the best singer among them may receive the award.

Pinghe's most successful and well-known team is the Pinghe Huskies girls' basketball team. The Huskies completed an undefeated championship season in 2020-21, defeating SHSID 83-46 in the championship game.

Pinghe's football team has a notorious record for its multiple defeat by Shanghai World Foreign Language Academy. The public account for the football team is noted for its constant coping and self-flattering languages.

Every year students from different classes and clubs with their parents and teachers put up stalls on the playground that provide various entertainments, activities or souvenirs celebrating the school's anniversary in September. Performances including singing, dancing and musical instrument ensembles are also given in the theater hall and the playground.

Celebrations of the school's 20th year, 2016, included participation from several alumni of the school with lectures by some renowned social figures like professor Chuan He at the University of Chicago, animal protection activist Hongxiang Huang and Wall Street investor Jim Rogers.

The school also has its own souvenir store, Pstore, on campus. Pinghe runs clubs on campus, the most famous of which is PTV, the Pinghe School TV station, founded in 2006 as a student-run campus media outlet. Members carry out various activities, such as interviewing teachers, making microfilms, etc., to showcase the campus.

See also
 List of international schools in Shanghai

References

External links
 Shanghai Pinghe School website (Chinese)
 School IB Information
 Shanghai Pinghe School website (English)

International schools in Shanghai
International Baccalaureate schools in China
Private schools in Shanghai
Boarding schools in China
Schools in Pudong


Étoile Carouge FC is a Swiss football team based in Carouge and founded in 1904. It currently plays in the Promotion League, the third tier of Swiss football and holding home games at Stade de la Fontenette, which seats up to 3,690 spectators.

History

Carouge had survived several seasons in the second tier of Swiss football, the Challenge League, until the 2011–12 season. Due to restructuring of the Swiss Football League, it was announced that the bottom 6 teams of the 10 team division would be relegated to a newly formed division in 2012, rather than the usual two teams being relegated. Carouge finished four points from safety and were relegated to the 1. Liga Promotion.

Current squad
As of 15 October, 2023.

References

External links

Football clubs in Switzerland
Association football clubs established in 1904
Canton of Geneva
Carouge
1904 establishments in Switzerland


Daedalochila auriculata is a species of air-breathing land snails, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family  Polygyridae.

References

Polygyridae


Martin Horák (born 16 September 1980) is a former Czech footballer. Besides the Czech Republic, he has played in Russia. Horak was part of the Czech side which won the UEFA U-21 Championships in 2002.

Honours
Russian Premier League runner-up: 2003

References

External links

1980 births
Living people
Czech men's footballers
Czech Republic men's youth international footballers
Czech Republic men's under-21 international footballers
Czech expatriate men's footballers
FC Viktoria Plzeň players
AC Sparta Prague players
FC Zenit Saint Petersburg players
Denizlispor footballers
FC Rostov players
FC Shinnik Yaroslavl players
FC Sibir Novosibirsk players
Expatriate men's footballers in Russia
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Russian Premier League players
Süper Lig players
Czech First League players
Men's association football defenders
People from Mohelnice
Footballers from the Olomouc Region


Daedalochila uvulifera, common name the peninsula liptooth, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Polygyridae.

Subspecies
 Daedalochila uvulifera bicornuta
 Daedalochila uvulifera margueritae
 Daedalochila uvulifera striata

References

Polygyridae
Gastropods described in 1852


Two Mountains is the English rendering of Deux Montagnes, and can represent

 Two Mountains (electoral district), a former Canadian federal riding containing the municipality of the same name
 Lake of Two Mountains, Lac des Deux Montagnes, lake in the Greater Montreal Area
 Laval—Two Mountains, former Canadian federal riding
 Deux-Montagnes, municipality in southwestern Quebec, Canada, called "Two Mountains" in English, and named after the lake

See also
 Deux Montagnes (disambiguation)


"You Make Me Feel" is the debut single by the Belgian trance project AnnaGrace. It was released in Belgium on June 23, 2008 and then in the United States on August 26. The track reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Airplay chart in its October 25, 2008 issue.

The track was given a digital-only release in the UK at the beginning of 2009 through Hard2Beat Records, which included a new "UK Radio Edit", but it failed to make an impact on the charts.

Track listing
CD Single (Belgium and United States)
 "You Make Me Feel" (Radio Edit) – 3:06
 "You Make Me Feel" (Extended Mix) – 5:07
 "You Make Me Feel" (Francesco Diaz & Thomas Gold Remix) – 8:20
 "You Make Me Feel" (VooDoo & Serano Remix) – 5:26
 "You Make Me Feel" (VooDoo & Serano Club Remix) – 5:26
 "You Make Me Feel" (John Luniz Remix) – 7:24
 "You Make Me Feel" (John Luniz Dub Remix) – 7:24

CD Single (United Kingdom)
 "You Make Me Feel" (UK Radio Edit) – 2:38
 "You Make Me Feel" (UK Extended Mix) – 5:41
 "You Make Me Feel" (Bimbo Jones Remix) – 6:38
 "You Make Me Feel" (VooDoo & Serano Remix) – 5:26
 "You Make Me Feel" (Total Control Remix) – 5:12
 "You Make Me Feel" (John Luniz Remix) – 7:26

12" Viynl (Belgium)
A1. "You Make Me Feel" (Extended Mix) – 5:07
A2. "You Make Me Feel" (Francesco Diaz & Thomas Gold Remix) – 8:20
B1. "You Make Me Feel" (John Luniz Dub Remix) – 7:24
B2. "You Make Me Feel" (Voodoo & Serano Club Remix) – 5:26

Release history

Chart performance

References

2008 songs
2008 debut singles
AnnaGrace songs
Songs written by Peter Luts
Songs written by Annemie Coenen


The Moscow metropolitan area () or Moscow capital region () is the largest metropolitan area in Russia as well as in Europe, with a population of around 21.5 million. It consists of the city of Moscow and surrounding areas in Moscow Oblast.

The related term Moscow region () is used unofficially to describe Moscow and Moscow Oblast together. However, formally, they are two separate federal subjects.

Structure and population estimation

The Moscow metropolitan area includes the city of Moscow, population 12,197,596, a ring of cities annexed to it and administered within (Balashikha, Korolyov, Krasnogorsk, Khimki, Mytishchi and Zelenograd), as well as large nearby towns with population of over 100,000 citizens (Reutov, Zheleznodorozhny, Podolsk and Lubertsy, to name a few) that fall under regional administration. Administratively, all those towns are a part of the Moscow Oblast. The metropolitan area has thus no coordinated administration structures, and no official population statistics.

The population of the Moscow region is the sum of populations of the city (13,010,112) and surrounding oblast (8,524,665), coming to 21,534,777 – about 14% of the entire Russian population.

References

Metropolitan areas of Russia
Geography of Moscow
Regions of Russia


Polygyra cereolus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Polygyridae.

Subspecies
 Polygyra cereolus floridana

References

External links
 Polygyra cereolus  on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site

Polygyridae


Joseph Stillman (born August 1, 1959) is an American screenwriter, producer, and director.

Before becoming a screenwriter, he worked for several TV shows, including Beavis and Butt-head, King of the Hill, Doug, and The Adventures of Pete & Pete.

Stillman also worked on screenplays for movies including Beavis and Butt-Head Do America, and Shrek and its sequel. He received a shared BAFTA for co-writing the first Shrek and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.

Filmography
 Home Movies (1980 - production assistant)
 Creepshow (1982 - assistant editor)
 Doug (1991 - writer; 2 episodes)
 The Adventures of Pete & Pete (1993-1994 - writer; 3 episodes)
 Beavis and Butt-head (1993-1997 - writer)
 Beavis and Butt-head Do Christmas (1995 - writer)
 Clueless (1996 - writer; 1 episode)
 Beavis and Butt-head Do America (1996 - writer)
 King of the Hill (1997-1998 - consultant, writer, co-producer)
 Joseph: King of Dreams (2000 - screenplay)
 Shrek (2001 - co-writer)
 Shrek 2 (2004 - screenplay)
 Round It Goes (2006 - director, writer)
 Planet 51 (2009 - scriptwriter)
 Alien Zoo (in development )
 Gulliver's Travels (2010 - screenplay)
 Fred 2: Night of the Living Fred (2011 - screenplay)
 Sanjay and Craig (2013–2014 - writer, head writer)
 Kirby Buckets (2014-2016 - writer)
 Albert (2016 - screenplay)
 Danger & Eggs (2017 - writer)

References

External links

 Joe Stillman at Film.com

American male screenwriters
American television writers
Animation screenwriters
Living people
Annie Award winners
Best Adapted Screenplay BAFTA Award winners
1959 births
American male television writers


Anne Murray's Christmas Album is the seventh Christmas album release by Canadian Country artist Anne Murray.

The disc was released in October, 2008 through Manhattan Records, and features ten previously released cuts; four new recordings completed in 2008; and a previously unissued live recording from 2001 with Diana Krall.  The four newly recorded cuts are Murray's final studio recordings, as she announced her retirement from show business in 2008.  As of 2022, Murray remains in full retirement with this being her last release.

Track listing

A Previously unreleased.

Chart performance

References

2008 Christmas albums
Christmas albums by Canadian artists
Anne Murray compilation albums
2008 compilation albums
Christmas compilation albums
Manhattan Records albums
Country Christmas albums


The MT:S Open powered by Sony Ericsson (known until 2009 as the GEMAX Open) and now known as the Serbia Challenger Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and the Challenger series of the WTA Tour. It was held annually at the Tennis Club Gemax until 2010 before its relocation to the Novak Tennis Centre since 2021 in Belgrade, Serbia. The tournament was first played in 2002. The women's edition started in 2021.

Past finals

Men's singles

Women's singles

Men's doubles

Women's doubles

External links

 ITF search

ATP Challenger Tour
Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments
Clay court tennis tournaments
Tennis tournaments in Serbia
Tennis tournaments in Serbia and Montenegro
Sport in Belgrade


Polygyra septemvolva is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Polygyridae.

Description
The shells of Polygyra septemvolva are known to show a high degree of variance in size within populations (6.6 - 14.8 mm). They have been proposed as a suitable model organism due to the ease of culturing and abundant reproduction in a suitable habitat.

Subspecies

 Polygyra septemvolva febigeri
 Polygyra septemvolva volvoxis

References

Polygyridae


Francis Higgins was a U.S. soccer goalkeeper who spent two seasons in the American Soccer League and an unknown number in the Southern New England Soccer League.

Higgins’ career details are sketchy.  He appears to have spent most of it with teams based in Fall River, Massachusetts.  In April 1920, he backstopped the Fall River Rovers of the Southern New England Soccer League in a 2-1 loss to Fore River in the 1920 National Challenge Cup semifinals.  In 1922, he signed with the Fall River F.C. of the American Soccer League.  That season he split time in the goal with Tommy Whalen.  It is unknown what teams he played for from 1923 to 1925.  In 1925, he signed with the New Bedford Whalers.  He played only five games before leaving the team and league.

References

American men's soccer players
American Soccer League (1921–1933) players
Fall River F.C. (1922–1931) players
Fall River Rovers players
New Bedford Whalers players
Southern New England Soccer League players
Men's association football goalkeepers


The Women's 200m T11 had its first round held on September 15, beginning at 11:26 and the A and B Finals were held on September 16 at 17:25.

Medalists

Results

References
Round 1 - Heat 1
Round 1 - Heat 2
Round 1 - Heat 3
Final A
Final B

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
2008 in women's athletics


Brader is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alec Brader (born 1942), English footballer
Betty Brader (1923–1986), American fashion illustrator
Ferdinand A. Brader (1833–1901), American artist
Maria Josefa Karolina Brader (1860–1943), Swiss Roman Catholic religious sister


In the system of courts of England and Wales, the Crown Court deals with serious criminal charges and with less serious charges where the accused has elected trial at the Crown Court instead of trial at a magistrates' court. The Crown Court also hears appeals against conviction and sentence from magistrates.

Background
The Crown Court system was established by the Courts Act 1971, which came into force on 1 January 1972, following the recommendations of a royal commission chaired by Lord Beeching. Previously, criminal cases that were not dealt with by magistrates were heard by assize courts and courts of quarter sessions, in a system that had changed little in the preceding centuries.  The Crown Court system is administered by His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service, an executive agency of the Ministry of Justice. England is divided into six regions by HMCTS (London, Midlands, North East, North West, South East and Western), with the whole of Wales forming a seventh region.

Organisation
In 2007, there were 91 locations in England and Wales at which the Crown Court regularly sat.  Crown Court centres are designated in one of three tiers: first-tier centres are visited by High Court judges for criminal and also for civil cases (in the District Registry of the High Court); second-tier centres are visited by High Court judges for criminal work only; and third-tier centres are not normally visited by High Court judges. High Court judges hear 2% of cases at the Crown Court, but 27% of the most serious (Class 1) cases. Circuit judges and recorders sit at all three tiers, hearing 88% and 10% of the cases respectively. When the Crown Court is conducting a trial, the judge sits with a jury of twelve; when hearing appeals against decisions of a magistrates' court, the judge sits with two (or sometimes four) magistrates.

Place of business
Section 78 of the Supreme Court Act 1981 provides that the Crown Court can conduct business at any location in England and Wales, in accordance with directions given by the Lord Chancellor. This power is sometimes used to enable court sittings to take place away from one of the regular Crown Court venues.  For example, in 2007, a sitting of the Crown Court was held at one of the oldest court buildings in England or Wales, the former courthouse in Beaumaris, Anglesey, which was built in 1614 and closed in 1997.

Crown Court locations

See also
 List of courts in England and Wales
 List of County Court venues in England and Wales

References

External links
 Crown Court - what it does (Directgov, England and Wales)

Crown Courts
England and Wales, Crown


Switch is the first album by R&B band, Switch, released in 1978. It is also their first on the Motown subsidiary Gordy. After recording as White Heat and Hot Ice, this gave them the commercial breakthrough they desired with hits like "There'll Never Be" and "I Wanna Be Closer".

Track listing
"I Wanna Be with You" - (Bobby DeBarge)
"There'll Never Be" - (Bobby DeBarge)
"I Wanna Be Closer" - (Jermaine Jackson)
"We Like to Party... Come On" - (Bobby DeBarge, Gregory Williams)
"Fever" - (Greg Wright, Ronnie Vann)
"You Pulled a Switch" - (Greg Wright, Ronnie Vann)
"It's So Real" - (Michael B. Sutton, Brenda Sutton)
"Somebody's Watching You" - (Jody Sims)

Personnel
Switch
Bobby DeBarge - lead vocals, backing vocals, keyboards, drums
Tommy DeBarge - bass, backing vocals
Phillip Ingram - lead vocals, keyboards, percussion, backing vocals
Jody Sims - drums, percussion, backing vocals
Gregory Williams - trumpet, keyboards, backing vocals
Eddie Fluellen - keyboards, string ensemble, trombone, backing vocals
Guitarists
Lil' David Podis, Mike McGloiry, Ronnie Vann - guitar
Additional musicians
Jermaine Jackson

Charts

Singles

References

External links
 Switch-Switch at Discogs

1978 debut albums
Gordy Records albums
Switch (band) albums


Breder is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Breder (born 1964), West German high jumper
Mirko Breder (1911–1943), Hungarian–Serbian chess master
Paul Peter Vilhelm Breder (1816–1890), Norwegian politician
Jørgen Breder Faye, Norwegian banker and politician


The Pied Piper of Hamelin is an American musical film based on the famous poem of the same name by Robert Browning and using the music of Edvard Grieg, arranged by Pete King with new lyrics by Hal Stanley and Irving Taylor. It stars Van Johnson, Claude Rains (in his only singing and dancing role), Lori Nelson, Jim Backus and Kay Starr. It was directed by Broadway veteran Bretaigne Windust. Nearly all of the dialogue in The Pied Piper of Hamelin is spoken in rhyme, much of it directly lifted from Browning's poem.

Initially airing on NBC on November 26, 1957, The Pied Piper of Hamelin was the first television film not presented live, in contrast to the usual televised family specials of the era, but on motion picture film using three-strip Technicolor, a tactic whose previous use on television was solely for the one-hour science specials Our Mr. Sun and Hemo the Magnificent. Theatrical prints erroneously bill the film as having been made in Eastmancolor.

Preempting that evening's telecasts of The Nat King Cole Show and The Eddie Fisher Show, the film's success spawned a record album, and it re-aired on NBC in 1958 before syndication on various local stations, where it was rerun annually in the tradition of other holiday specials. It received a brief theatrical release in 1966, though it did not fare nearly as well.

Plot
The Pied Piper is first spotted working magic in Hamelin by a disabled boy, Paul, and playing his signature tune "In the Hall of the Mountain King." Paul tells his best friend, the schoolteacher Truson (who bears an uncanny resemblance to the Piper), who is skeptical.

The town of Hamelin has entered into a competition between several villages in order to win a banner from the king. The mayor exhorts the people, even the children, to work incessantly to build a clocktower to the extent that the children are denied school and play. Truson protests to no avail. As part of the competition, the mayor and his cabinet plan to cast golden chimes for the clocktower in order to impress the king's emissary, who is due to pay a visit to Hamelin. However, their efforts are temporarily halted when the town is invaded by rats, which have fled the neighboring city of Hamelout after the Weser River flooded and destroyed the town.

The Piper magically appears before the mayor and his councilors. Asking to be paid all the money in the town's treasury, he offers to rid the town of its rats. Whenever the Piper plays a happy song for the children, only Truson and the children can hear it. When he plays "In the Hall of the Mountain King" and leads the rats to their doom in the river, the children quickly fall asleep and only the materialistic adults such as the mayor, but not Truson, can hear the music.

The Piper has rid the town of its rats, but rather than simply paying him, the mayor and his cabinet attempt to trick him into signing an agreement whereby, among other legalistic trickery, he must deposit money to guarantee that the rats will not return. Furious, the Piper leaves without his money and the mayor plots to use the gold to construct the chimes. Truson, who is in love with the mayor's daughter Mara, is thrown in jail for speaking out against the injustice. The mayor plans to marry Mara to the king's emissary, but the Piper takes his revenge: playing a happy variation on "In the Hall of the Mountain King," he leads the children of Hamelin away into a beautiful kingdom concealed in a cave that magically opens for the children. Paul is accidentally left behind after falling, and the cave closes before he can pass through.

The town's leaders attempt to recover the children by blasting the mountain with cannon fire, and when this fails the mayor scapegoats Truson, using his resemblance to the Piper as one excuse, but this too fails when Truson appeals to the people. The mayor is deposed and Truson is chosen as the new mayor. He and Paul prepare to deliver money to help the refugee population of Hamelout, but before they depart Truson leads the town in silent prayer. Suddenly the sound of the Piper's pipe is heard. The Piper sets the children free, and Truson is magically gifted with the Piper's pipe, which he gives to the repentant former Mayor.

Cast
 Van Johnson as Pied Piper / Truson
 Claude Rains as Mayor of Hamelin
 Lori Nelson as Mara
 Jim Backus as King's Emissary
 Kay Starr as John's Mother
 Doodles Weaver as the Mayor's Councillor
 Stanley Adams as the Mayor's Councillor
Carl Benton Reid as the Hamelout Mayor
Oliver Blake as Leading Villager
Amzie Strickland as Leading Townswoman
Rene Kroger as Paul
Brian Corcoran as John

Music
As in the 1944 Broadway musical Song of Norway, many of Grieg's most famous pieces are heard, but with lyrics. The first movement of the Piano Concerto in A Minor serves as the tune for the lovers' duet, Wedding-Day at Troldhaugen plays as a work song for the townsfolk and Grieg's Peer Gynt is used for most of the other musical numbers.

Soundtrack
All music by Edvard Grieg, and lyrics by Irving Taylor. Orchestra conducted by Pete King.

 "Pied Piper’s Morning Romp/In the Hall of the Mountain King" (orchestral arrangement adapted from Peer Gynt)
 Doodles Weaver and chorus - "Work Song" (adapted from "Wedding Day at Troldhaugen")
 Van Johnson - "How Can I Tell You?" (adapted from "Piano Concerto in A Minor")
 Claude Rains, Doodles Weaver, Stanley Adams and Councilors - "Prestige"
 "Befriendment of the Children/In the Hall of the Mountain King" (adapted from Peer Gynt)
 Van Johnson and Villagers - "Feats of the Piper" (adapted from "Anitra's Dance" from Peer Gynt)
 "Rat Exodus/In the Hall of the Mountain King" (orchestral arrangement adapted from Peer Gynt)
 "Morning Waltz" (adapted from "Morning Mood" from Peer Gynt)
 Van Johnson - "Flim Flam Floo" (adapted from one of the "Norwegian Dances")
Claude Rains, Doodles Weaver, Stanley Adams and Councilors - "Prestige" Reprise
 Van Johnson - "Fool's Gold" (adapted from "Solvejg's Song" from Peer Gynt)
 Lori Nelson - "My Heart Will Fly to Heaven" (adapted from "Wedding Day at Troldhaugen")
 Villagers - "Welcome Emissary Song" (adapted from "Arabian Dance" from Peer Gynt)
 Van Johnson and Lori Nelson - "How Can I Tell You?" Reprise
 "Exodus of the Children/In the Hall of the Mountain King" (orchestral arrangement adapted from Peer Gynt)
 Kay Starr - "A Mother's Lament" (adapted from "Aase's Death" from Peer Gynt)
 "Return of the Children/In the Hall of the Mountain King" (adapted from Peer Gynt)

Production
The film was one of several 1950s telecasts of musical fantasy specials for children. This trend started after the great success of the first two live telecasts (in 1955 and 1956) of Peter Pan, which had gained the largest audience for a televised special to date.

In late 1955, Hallmark Hall of Fame presented a live telecast of the 1932 stage adaptation of Alice in Wonderland. This was followed in 1956 by the first telecast of MGM's 1939 film The Wizard of Oz (starring Judy Garland), and the first, live version of Rodgers and Hammerstein's only musical for television, Cinderella (1957), starring Julie Andrews. Both Oz and Cinderella also drew large audiences. Only a month prior to the telecast of The Pied Piper of Hamelin, NBC presented a live live-action musical adaptation of Pinocchio starring Mickey Rooney.

In 1958, a live musical version of Hansel and Gretel, with Barbara Cook and Red Buttons, was televised. Both Pinocchio and Hansel and Gretel boasted scores by Alec Wilder. Cole Porter would follow in 1958 with Aladdin, starring Sal Mineo and Basil Rathbone, and that same year, ABC, with the help of Serge Prokofiev and Ogden Nash, combined the elements of musical comedy, marionettes and classical music in a successful special entitled Art Carney Meets Peter and the Wolf.

Home media
Rarely telecast now, The Pied Piper of Hamelin is available on DVD and through online streaming services, but there has never been a restoration. The DVD was reissued in 2004 by Digiview Productions. It is now in the public domain.

Legacy
Johnson's performance remains so fondly remembered that he played a Piper-like criminal called The Minstrel on the 1966 TV series Batman.

References

External links

1957 television films
1957 films
1950s musical fantasy films
American musical fantasy films
American television films
Films based on Pied Piper of Hamelin
Films set in the Middle Ages
Films set in 13th-century Holy Roman Empire
1950s English-language films
1950s American films


Miguel Córcega (, October 29, 1929 in Mexico City – September 29, 2008 in Mexico City) was a Mexican telenovela actor and director. Córcega started his career in acting and directing during the 1940s.

Biography

Film
In the 1960s, Córcega participated in the Viruta y Capulina films El dolor de pagar la renta and Dos pintores pintorescos. In the latter film, he co-starred as the villain, Lorenzo, a fortune hunter who murders a woman and tries to murder Capulina, whom he thinks is a witness of the crime.

Telenovelas
Córcega directed such Mexican telenovelas and soap operas as Lazos de Amor and El privilegio de amar. His acting credits included the television series Cadenas de amargura.

Later in life, Córcega appeared in Cuidado con el ángel in the role of Padre Anselmo. However, he was forced to retire from the popular television show due to illness. Corcega's role of Padre Anselmo in the show passed to actor Héctor Gómez.

Death
Miguel Córcega died of a stroke in Mexico City on September 29, 2008, at the age of 78.

His funeral was held at the Garden of Mexico pantheon in Mexico City.

Selected filmography
 The Two Orphans (1950)

References

External links

1929 births
2008 deaths
Mexican telenovela directors
Mexican male television actors
Mexican male telenovela actors
Male actors from Mexico City
20th-century Mexican male actors


Fijian cuisine has long-consisted of primarily foraged and farm-grown food. Although rice, wheat, and tea all became staples during Fiji's colonial era, native Fijians still eat primarily tubers and coconuts. The cuisine of Fiji is known for its seafood and various green vegetables, including ''ota'', a young forest fern, and ''bele'' ("slippery cabbage"), a plant that resembles spinach.

Fiji's recent past as a colony of the British Empire has had significant impact on its cuisine, as the British indentured servitude system brought many Indians to the islands and substantially shaped the cuisine into what it is today.

In many homes, breakfast includes regional dishes like roti and curry, boiled taro and fish soup, and cabin crackers with butter in addition to goods like bread, cereal, milk, tea, and coffee. The diet is comparable to that of neighbouring island countries like Samoa and Tonga. A wide range of food is available thanks to the old trade routes that span these nations.

Meats like chicken and lamb are very popular, whereas cattle and pork are reared for special occasions like weddings and purchased young. Lamb and chicken sausages, as well as eggs, are frequently the least expensive sources of protein in homes. Many people get their protein mostly from seafood, and many children enjoy going fishing for an entire meal. Due to numerous indigenous peoples living along the coast, freshwater and marine prawns, mussels, clams, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, oyster, lobster, fish, crabs, octopus, and squid have been the main source of nourishment for many years.

For many years, turtle was also eaten; however, due to changing habits and dwindling populations, the Fijian government has heavily restricted or forbidden the consumption of many endangered species. Sharks are never consumed as they are believed to represent the sea god Dakuwaqa and are therefore taboo. To kill or eat a shark is believed to bring great misfortune on the village.

Coconut milk, sea water, Indian spices, onions, carrots, garlic, ginger, limes, lemons, curry leaves and chili are also the primary flavorings, with Chinese influences from soy and oyster sauce being popular additions.

Lunch in the villages consists of a steamed starchy item such as cassava or taro, a soup and tea, sweetened with cane sugar. Indo-Fijian families may stick to traditional rice, dhal and either a meat or vegetable curry accompanied by a salad or chutney. Masala tea is the main drink in many Indo-Fijian households. Many city people however are turning to easily available western fast foods which are now becoming a popular choice for the younger generation.

Dinner is usually something elaborate and meat based, such as stews, soups, curries, stir fries and even traditional earth oven food called lovo (similar to an umu or hangi) This is usually served with a simple salad and rice or root vegetable to bulk up the meals.
Fijian diets are also based on foraged items such as forest ferns and wild herbs which are now readily sold in food markets. Herbs such as coriander and mint are highly used to flavour both sweet and savoury dishes.
Tinned goods are pantry basics and include favourites such as tinned mackerel, sardines, tuna, baked beans, corned beef, corned mutton and condensed milk.
Dessert dishes include a steamed coconut pudding, a dense cake similar to spotted dick but flavoured with cardamom, ginger, condensed milk, coconut milk and sugarcane syrup. This cake is a well loved classic with many families eating it either hot or cold, spread with butter. Another popular dessert is vakalolo made with grated cassava, ginger, sugar, cardamom and coconut milk. The mixture is shaped into small, flat pancakes, wrapped in banana leaves and steamed. A dense, chewy and sweet dish, vakalolo has incorporated many Indian spices to enhance the flavours.

A very common feast is the lovo, where food is wrapped and cooked for several hours on hot stones covered with earth and sacks. Similar to the NZ hangi, the Fijian style of lovo uses soy sauce, garlic, chilli and ginger as flavourings for meat. Fish are usually steamed in taro leaves with onions, garlic, chilli and coconut milk called Fish-in-lolo.  Another common lovo item is palusami, of which a vegetarian and non vegetarian type are both popular additions. Consisting of young, tender taro leaves, coconut milk, ginger, garlic, chilli, lime juice, salt and may include corned beef/mutton or fish, palusami is also a staple menu item along with rourou, a similar taro leaf dish. Yams, cassava and taro are the main starches in a lovo and it takes many people to prepare hence its special significance.

History

Snacks
Desserts or snacks are common and are eaten in between meals-often for morning tea and afternoon teas. Some common ones include pies filled with custard or pumpkin or pineapple. Steamed puddings are also common but these are rich in sugars and fats. Most homes would use coconut cream, caramelized sugar to give the color, flour, baking powder as the main ingredients. The pudding mixture is poured into tins and steamed for 1–2 hours. To improve the flavour, sometimes cinnamon or raisins are added. Some nice desserts are also made with cassava. Cassava is first grated and then sugar is added. It is then wrapped in banana leaves and steamed. Burnt Sugar pudding (purini  or pudini) is one of the most popular pudding in the Fijian cuisine. The historical existence is unknown, more than likely was introduced by the British, given their fondness for pastries and steamed puddings. Vakalolo is a traditional dessert made with cassava, coconut, ginger root, sugar, cloves, then steamed in a banana leaf.

Ingredients

Staples

Taro is the most important staple for special occasions. It is available in 70 different varieties; some turn pink or yellow or remain white after cooking. It can be grown in any soil conditions. Taro is a rich source of fiber.

Cassava or tavioka has replaced yams and is now the most cultivated and consumed staple crop in Fiji.  It is boiled in salt and water until soft and eaten with stews and curries.

Kumala (sweet potato) was not traditionally the staple for native Fijian diet. It was brought from Papua New Guinea.  It is easy to grow and provides good yield now is the cheapest of all root crops and is eaten by most people their soups, stews or curries.

Breadfruit is a seasonal staple. It is grown in most households in the villages.

Rice was brought by the Indian immigrants and was grown for domestic use around Fiji.

Vegetables
Taro leaf, rourou, is the most important cash crop for Fijian communities. It is used in everyday meals and also used for ceremonial meals to make palusami.

Bele (Abelmoschus manihot, also hibiscus bele/hibiscus spinach [Hibiscus manihot]) is one of the most nutritious traditional vegetables in Oceania. It is a highly nutritious green leafy vegetable grown in almost every household. The leaves are rich sources of vitamins and minerals such as iron and magnesium, pro Vit A and C, also have very high levels of folate, an important nutrient for pregnant and nursing women.

Amaranthus, tubua, is another vegetable commonly eaten in most homes. Other leaves which are eaten include pumpkin, cassava and sweet potato leaves

Coconut
Coconut is especially liked by Fijians. It is grown in most coastal areas. Coconut is used not only for food but it also plays an important role in Fiji's economy.

Dishes

Main
Fish Suruwa – a Fijian-style fish curry.
Kokoda – Raw fish marinated in freshly squeezed lemon or lime juice with coconut milk added after it is "cooked" together with finely diced tomatoes, chillies and salt.
Lovo – A traditional Fijian method of cooking. Food such as meat, fish and vegetables are wrapped in leaves and placed on hot rocks, buried and cooked for several hours.
Palusami – Parcels made with taro leaves, filled with thick coconut cream, onions, salt and canned meat.
Rourou – Taro leaf stew.

Desserts
Fijian mud cake
Fijian mud pie
Purini – a Fijian-style British steamed pudding.
Tavioka
Vakalavalava
Vakalolo – Cassava pudding flavoured with spices such as ginger and cardamom.

Drinks

Kava/Yaqona
Kava is a drink made from powdered roots of yaqona plants. The powder is placed in a muslin cloth and small amounts of water are added to extract the juice out of the powder. Kava is not unique to the Fijian culture, it is widely consumed in amongst other Pacific nations.  It has religious and tribal significance and is used as peace offering known as sevusevu during Fijian functions. Kava consumption can be habit forming. However, there is no evidence of kava causing physical addiction nor of long term risks due to its regular use.

Kava is used to calm anxiety, stress, and restlessness, and treat sleep problems. It is also used as a remedy to certain neurological and mental disorders, common colds and other respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, muscle pain, and as cancer prevention. Some use the drink for urinary tract infections (UTIs), pain and swelling of the uterus, venereal disease, menstrual discomfort, and as an aphrodisiac. Kava is applied to the skin for skin diseases including leprosy, to promote wound healing, and as a painkiller. It is also used as a mouthwash for canker sores and toothaches.

Changes in eating patterns over time
With changes in eating patterns, there has been a shift towards consumption of more energy dense foods and decreased intake of fruit and vegetables. The processed foods are more readily available in shops and canteens and are cheaper. They contain high amounts of sugar and sodium which contribute to increasing rates of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, traditional foods are still valued and used for special occasions. Nutrition research involving children show 90% of children consume sugar sweetened beverages on a daily basis and 74% consume less fruit and vegetables.

Fast food
Both local and foreign fast food chains have started to enter the Fijian market since the late 1990s. There are McDonald's (locally called Maccas) and Burger King, while Kentucky Fried Chicken and Eagle Boys Pizza formerly operated in Fiji.

See also

Oceanic cuisine

References


Prader may refer to:

Andrea Prader (1919–2001)
Prader–Willi syndrome
Prader scale


Édouard Crut (16 April 1901 – 24 October 1974) was a French footballer who played for Étoile Carouge, US Saint-Mandé, Gallia Club Lunel, Marseille, OGC Nice, FAC Nice and AS Cannes, as well as for the French national side.

References

1901 births
1974 deaths
French men's footballers
France men's international footballers
Olympic footballers for France
Footballers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympique de Marseille players
OGC Nice players
AS Cannes players
Expatriate men's footballers in Switzerland
Étoile Carouge FC players
Ligue 1 players
Sportspeople from Neuilly-sur-Seine
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from Hauts-de-Seine


Rippel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cassio Rippel (born 1978), Brazilian sport shooter
Sandra Rippel (born 1961), Canadian curler
Wally Rippel, American electrical engineer

See also
Ripple (disambiguation)

German-language surnames


Clinical Leukemia was a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal that was published by CIG Media Group from 2006 until 2009. The journal covered research on the detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of leukemia. The editor-in-chief was Jorge Cortes.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal was abstracted and indexed in CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, and Chemical Abstracts Service.

External links

Oncology journals
Academic journals established in 2006
Hematology journals
English-language journals
Quarterly journals
Publications disestablished in 2009


Switch II is the second album from the R&B group Switch, released in 1979. Included on the album is one of the band's biggest and most often-sampled hits, "I Call Your Name".

Track listing
"You're the One For Me" - (Bobby DeBarge, Elaine Brown, Phillip Ingram) 4:29
"Next To You" - (Greg Williams) 4:11
"Best Beat In Town" - (Bobby DeBarge) 4:48
"Calling On All Girls" - (Hazel Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, Maureen Bailey) 4:34
"Go On Doin' What You Feel" (Jermaine Jackson, Maureen Bailey, Michael Smith) - 5:39
"Fallin'" - (Greg Williams) 5:47
"I Call Your Name" - (Bobby DeBarge, Greg Williams) 7:33

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Singles

References

External links
 Switch-Switch II at Discogs

1979 albums
Gordy Records albums
Switch (band) albums