W. F. Kaynor Technical High School, or Kaynor Tech, is a technical high school located in Waterbury, Connecticut. Students from Waterbury and the surrounding towns can attend Kaynor. Kaynor Tech is part of the Connecticut Technical Education and Career System.

History
Since opening in 1953, W.F. Kaynor Technical High School has undergone three expansion projects that have reflected the changing complexion of the community and have kept pace with technology. When the school was initially opened, ten trades were offered. In 1968, one of the trades, "Watch, Clock, and Instrument Making", was considered obsolete and was replaced by Electronics. In 1973 Automotive Collision Repair was moved into its new location after years of sharing space with Automotive Trade. Plumbing and Heating was also added at this time. In 1982, Culinary Arts was added. In 1985, Automatic Screw Machine was added, but a lack of interest by students, coupled with a decreased need in the community, resulted in termination of the program in 1989. In the 2006-2010 school year Health Technology was added. The Fashion shop was no longer available to be selected as of 2014. Beginning in the fall of 2015, Informational Systems Technology will be offered in its place.

Technologies
In addition to a complete academic program leading to a high school diploma, students attending Kaynor Tech receive training in one of the following trades and technologies:

Automotive Collision Repair and Refinishing
Automotive Technology
Carpentry
Culinary Arts
Electrical
Electronics Technology
Hairdressing
Health Technology
Information Technology
Mechanical Design and Engineering Technology
Plumbing and Heating
Precision Machining Technology

Athletics

Fall Sports:
Cross Country
Volleyball
Boys Soccer
Girls Soccer: Co-op program with Sacred Heart High School (Started in 2018)
Boys Football: Co-op program with Sacred Heart High School and now also with Nonnewaug High School (Started in 2014)
Girls Swimming co-op program with Wilby High school (Started in 2016)

Winter Sports:
Boys Basketball
Girls Basketball
Boys Swimming co-op program with Wilby High school
Indoor Track

Spring Sports:
Baseball
Softball
Golf
Track

Notable alumni

Scott Conant - Culinary, class of 1989. Conant has been on many cooking shows, including Top Chef, Chopped, and 24 Hour Restaurant Battle

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Waterbury, Connecticut
Schools in New Haven County, Connecticut
Public high schools in Connecticut
Educational institutions accredited by the Council on Occupational Education


"We All Need Love" is a single released by the Italian Eurodance group Double You in 1992.

History
The song was originally written and recorded by Canadian rock musician Domenic Troiano in 1979. It had also been covered by the Australian band Ebony in 1983, and by Karen J. Ann in 1988. The Double You version was recorded in 1992.

It was the band's second single from its debut album, We All Need Love, released the same year, and confirmed the worldwide success of Double You. It peaked at number-one in Belgium and became a Top 10 hit in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Switzerland. There were various formats, including many remixes.

The music video of "We All Need Love" was directed by Italian director Giacomo De Simone. De Simone has directed music videos for many other Eurodance acts, like Corona, Ice MC and Whigfield.

Critical reception
Larry Flick from Billboard commented, "After a mediocre showing in the "Please Don't Go" battle against KWS, Italo-pop/house act lunges for crossover radio approval with a cute, retro-minded disco twirler. An anthemic chorus and old-fashioned string and piano fills give the song charm." Andy Beevers from Music Week said the song is "great", adding that "it has a very similar organ-driven poppy disco sound and should give them the success they deserve."

Track listings

Official versions
 Acapella
 Euroremix
 Extended mix
 FBH remix
 Instrumental
 Radio mix
 Sunshine mix
 U.S. club mix / U.S. remix
 U.S. radio edit mix / U.S. radio remix

Credits
 Produced by Robyx
 Written by Domenic Troiano
 Recorded and mixed at Casablanca Recordings, Italy
 Robyx Productions
 Arranged by AWF
 Artwork by Sunrise Studio
 U.S. remixes :
 Engineered by David "db" Benus
 Remixed, produced and edited by Franco Iemmello
 Recorded and mixed at Tatiana Studios, Newark, NJ
 FBH remix by Frankies Beathouse

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links

1979 songs
1979 singles
1992 singles
Double You songs
Number-one singles in Belgium
ZYX Music singles
Blanco y Negro Records singles
Music videos directed by Giacomo De Simone


Maurizio Baglini (born 1975 in Pisa), is an Italian pianist.

Prizewinner in major international piano competitions such as Concorso Busoni in Bolzano, Fryderyk Chopin Competition, he subsequently was awarded the 1998 William Kapell Competition's 3rd prize in Maryland, and 1999, aged only 24, he won the  World Music Piano Master in Montecarlo. He is Online Master Teacher at iClassical Academy with whom he has recorded several online Masterclasses.

Baglini is internationally active as a concert pianist. He performs as a soloist in important Orchestral Seasons - Philharmonique de Montecarlo, Barcelona, Zürich, New Japan Philharmic, Orchestra Toscanini di Parma with E. Krivine, A. Jordan, H. Griffiths, D. Renzetti, B. Wright.
In several famous worldwide Festivals, he performed as soloist like at La Roque-d'Anthéron, Lockenhaus, Yokohama Piano Festival, Israel Festival Jerusalem, Festival Berlioz à la Côte St. André, Nuits Romantiques à Aix les Bains, Australian Chamber Music Festival, Benedetti Michelangeli Festival Bergamo e Brescia, Festival Jaque Klein Rio de Janeiro, among concerts in several famous concerthalls all over the world.
His performances have been reviewed by international press magazines like Le Monde, Le Figaro, Washington Post, American Record Guide.

Among his recordings, there's a period performance of Fryderyk Chopin's Etudes for Phoenix Classics. He has also recorded Ernest Chausson's Double Concerto for violin, piano and string quartet together with Pavel Berman, his teacher's Lazar Berman son, all Bach - Busoni piano works edited by Tudor, and Beethoven - Liszt Symphony n. 9 op. 125 published by Decca - Italy in 2009, following Liszt 2011 by Decca, and in Duo with Silvia Chiesa, Violoncello several other cds by Decca, since he has a permanent duo with the most famous Italian cellist Silvia Chiesa.
2005 M. B. founded the Amiata-piano-festival in Cinigiano/Grosseto, where he is the artistic director.
2011 he also became the artistic director of the Concerts at Palazzo Reale in Pisa, and the leader of the Chamber music Festival Montcaud/ Provence.
see also: www.mauriziobaglini.com

References

  Chopin Society's 1995 Chopin Competition Webpage
  Concorso Busoni's 1991-2000 Palmares
  Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center - W. Kapell Competition Palmares
  American Record Guide
  BS Artist Management.

Italian classical pianists
Male classical pianists
Italian male pianists
Living people
1975 births
21st-century classical pianists
21st-century Italian male musicians


Robert Brennan (22 July 1881 – 13 November 1964) was an Irish writer, diplomat and a founder of The Irish Press newspaper. He took part in the 1916 Easter Rising and later became the Irish Free State's first minister to the United States.  He was the father of Irish-American author and New Yorker columnist Maeve Brennan.

Life
Brennan was born at John's Gate Street, Wexford, the son of Robert Brennan, a victualler, and Bridget Kearney. He was a member of the staff of the Enniscorthy Echo. He joined the Gaelic League and the Irish Volunteers and was recruited into the IRB by Seán T. O'Kelly. He married Úna Brennan who was also active in the republican movement and had her sworn into the IRB. She was with him in Wexford for the 1916 Easter Rising.

He commanded the insurgents in Wexford during the 1916 Easter Rising and, along with other leaders Seamus Rafter and Seán Etchingham, was sentenced to death. The sentence was commuted to penal servitude. His continuing political activity resulted in further imprisonments in 1917 and afterwards. His daughter Maeve Brennan was born while he was in prison. In April 1918 he was placed in charge of a newly formed Sinn Féin Department of Propaganda/Publicity. However, in November 1918 he was arrested in the run-up to the General Election (held in December), in an effort by the British Government to stifle the Sinn Féin election campaign. The election manifesto on which he had worked was "mutilated by the censor" - only about one half of it could be published. He became Sinn Féín National Director of Elections in December 1918. The election turned out to be a resounding success for the party.

He was Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Dáil Éireann, from February 1921 to January 1922. He organised the Irish Race Convention in Paris in 1922.

He was director of publicity for the anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army during the Irish Civil War. He was a founder and a director, in 1934, of The Irish Press newspaper.

His imprisonments and activities greatly fragmented his daughter Maeve's childhood. In her story The Day We Got Our Own Back she recounts her memory of how, when she was five, her home was raided by Free State forces looking for her father, who was on the run. Robert Brennan describes the same incident in his memoir Allegiance.

Robert Brennan was appointed the Irish Free State's first minister to the United States, and the family moved to Washington, D.C. in 1934. He was Minister Plenipotentiary to the US from 1938 to 1947. Robert, his wife, and one of his sons returned to Ireland (his three daughters remained in the United States) when he was appointed Director of Radio Éireann (1947–1948).

He wrote mystery stories as a hobby. He died in Dublin in 1964.

In 2016, Brennan was honored with a monument in Wexford.

Works

Books
The False Fingertip (1921) under the pseudonym Selskar Kearney
The Toledo Dagger (1927), a detective novel
The Man Who Walked like a Dancer
Allegiance (1950) (autobiography)

Plays
Good Night, Mr. O’Donnell (1951)

References

External links
 Notes on Robert Brennan Contains links to other sites.

1881 births
1964 deaths
Irish Republican Army (1922–1969) members
Early Sinn Féin politicians
Writers from County Wexford
The Irish Press people
Ambassadors of Ireland to the United States


The Oxford, Witney and Fairford Railway was a single track railway branch line,  long, in Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire. It was opened in succession by two companies, the first in 1861 to connect the important woollen town of Witney to the main line network, and the second in 1873 as the rump of an ambitious scheme to connect to Cheltenham, but which ran only between Witney and Fairford. The junction with the main line was at Yarnton, north of Oxford.

The Great Western Railway worked the two companies' lines as a single branch line from 1873, and later absorbed them. British Railways withdrew passenger services in 1962; a residual goods service to Witney remained until 1970.

Origins
Witney had been an important town with a significant woollen industry, but found itself at a competitive disadvantage as northern manufacturing towns gained railway connections. A number of schemes were put forward, including a possible branch from the London and Birmingham Railway at Tring.

The Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OW&WR) opened on 4 June 1853 from Wolvercot Junction, on the Great Western Railway (GWR) a little north of Oxford to , and Witney had at least a nearby station at .

Nonetheless a railway to Witney itself was desirable, and after some false starts a public meeting was held on 23 December 1858 to propose a branch line from the OW&WR at Yarnton, where there was to be a new junction station. Sir Charles Fox was appointed Engineer and in the 1859 session a Bill was presented to Parliament to authorise the railway. Despite GWR opposition, the Witney Railway was authorised by Act of 1 August 1859. Capital was to be £50,000 in shares and £16,000 in borrowings.

Opening to Witney

Joseph Pickering was appointed contractor to build the line, and an arrangement was made with the OW&WR company for it to work the line for 10 years for 50% of gross receipts. By the time of opening, the OW&WR had merged with another company and formed the West Midland Railway.

On 5 November 1861 Captain Tyler of the Board of Trade made a formal inspection. He approved the line for opening, noting that the Witney station was temporary only, "pending construction of a permanent station, the probable site of which is as yet uncertain". There was no turntable at Witney, so only tank engines might be used, and a turntable was to be provided within twelve months. Sidings seem not to have been provided at first. The line was single, and eight miles long, with earthworks and overbridges made for double track. It was to be worked on the one engine in steam principle.

The permanent way employed Seaton rails, in which the material below the head was formed in an inverted V in section; the rail was supported on a triangular longitudinal timber itself bedded on longitudinal timbers. Tyler commented that

This form of rail is not well adapted for obtaining a maximum of strength from the iron employed, but the roadway will I conceive be a safe one for the light traffic There is one disadvantage attending it, that it is not available for the application of points and crossings, and where these are employed, other forms of rails have to be intermingled with it.

The line was ceremonially opened amid considerable festivity on 13 November 1861, and the public passenger service started the next day, 14 November 1861. As the connections to the goods facilities were not yet in place, the operation of a goods service was delayed until 1 March 1862, a local contractor Malachi Bartlett being brought in to complete work apparently left unfinished by Pickering. It appears that goods working was performed by mixed (passenger and goods) trains.

There were four or five daily return trips to Oxford in the early years of the line's operation. Intermediate stations were at South Leigh and Eynsham.

At the time of planning the new line, the OW&WR was running through trains to London over the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) and Yarnton would have been an important interchange. By the time of opening, the OW&WR had changed its allegiance to the GWR, and Yarnton lost its significance. Building the new station there was the responsibility of the West Midland Railway, and they delayed opening it until summer 1863. It had a separate bay platform and run-round for the Witney trains.

The Company was profitable, earning annually between £4,000 and £4,600 throughout its first decade.

The East Gloucestershire Railway

The East Gloucestershire Railway was originally conceived as a through line from Faringdon to Cheltenham, with a branch to Witney. It obtained an authorising Act in 1862 with share capital of £600,000, but GWR opposition frustrated the promoters' intentions, and a second Act was obtained on 29 July 1864, for a  line to be worked by the Midland Railway. The GWR appealed against the arrangement, and the powers were reduced to building a  line from Witney to Fairford, with share capital of £300,000.

The usual Board of Trade inspection took place on 10 January 1873 and the line was opened with the usual ceremony on 14 January 1873, with ordinary passenger operation starting the next day. In effect the line was simply an extension of the Witney line. The junction at Witney was on the Oxford side of the original Witney station, so that the new Witney station was on the new line; the former Witney station was reduced to the status of a goods station.

Stations on the new line were therefore Fairford, Lechlade, Alvescot, Bampton and Witney. The GWR operated the line (as a continuous branch incorporating the Witney line and the new extension) and also maintained the line.

Absorption by the GWR

Whereas the Witney Railway had achieved its objective, of connecting the town to the railway network, the East Gloucestershire Railway failed in its long-distance objective. Limited to a local service only, and being worked by and dependent on the GWR, the question of its absorption by the larger company arose. The East Gloucestershire Company was absorbed by share purchase on 1 July 1890; the Witney Railway Company sold out on the same date.

The line was now in effect the Fairford branch of the GWR.

Stations and features on the line
The stations on the line were:

 ; the configuration showed its conception as a through station, with a platform on the Cheltenham side of Lechlade Road overbridge, and the run-round loop and goods shed to the west of it.

 ; opened on 4 November 1907; initially referred to as a platform.

 ; opened on 2 October 1944 to serve the new RAF station at Brize Norton.
 Bampton; renamed  on 1 May 1940.
 ; the passenger station was the new, through station built by the East Gloucestershire Railway; the original Witney Railway terminus was a goods station on a short spur.

 ; opened on 9 March 1936; on the south side of the Cheltenham main road, the access was found to be dangerous and in 1947 it was moved to the north side, where direct access to the village was provided, avoiding the main road crossing.

Later years
BR closed the line to passenger traffic on 18 June 1962. The section between Yarnton and Witney only remained open to goods traffic until 2 November 1970, when BR closed it completely.

Reopening the railway
There is a strong case for reopening the line, with severe traffic congestion on the roads to and from Oxford.

In June 2009 the Association of Train Operating companies (ATOC), now the Rail Delivery Group, published "Connecting Communities: Expanding Access to the Rail Network." Restoring a rail connection for Witney was one of 20 schemes recommended for 'review in the light of the consultation responses to the study, with the costs and benefits refined/updated using NATA, and in the light of increasing population and employment figures.'

In January 2019, Campaign for Better Transport released a report identifying this line was listed as Priority 2 for reopening. Priority 2 is for those lines which require further development or a change in circumstances (such as housing developments).

Notes

References

Sources

External links
 The Fairford Branch Line
 Fairford Railway, Fairford History Society

 Witney Oxford Transport Group - a group supporting the reopening

Closed railway lines in South East England
Closed railway lines in South West England
History of Gloucestershire
History of Oxfordshire
History of Oxford
Rail transport in Oxfordshire
Rail transport in Gloucestershire
Railway lines opened in 1861
Railway lines opened in 1873
Railway companies disestablished in 1890
Railway lines closed in 1970
Transport in Oxford
West Oxfordshire District
1861 establishments in England


Spank Rock and Benny Blanco Are... "Bangers & Cash" is an EP by Philadelphian Virginian alternative hip hop group Spank Rock and record producer Benny Blanco. The EP follows Spank Rock's 2006 debut album YoYoYoYoYo. The album was released on October 9, 2007.

Background
Spank Rock's frontman, Naeem Juwan, met Blanco when he was interning for the late Disco D. Blanco proposed the idea of creating an EP that was based on 2 Live Crew samples. Juwan was initially concerned that "it might be cheesy", but he continued that the EP "actually turned out to be really fun and I'm really proud of it." Like 2 Live Crew and Spank Rock's material, the EP included hypersexual lyrical content. Spank Rock and Benny Blanco co-wrote every song on Bangers & Cash together. It was described by Juwan as "just like club banger music, party music."

The EP's cover art is also a homage to 2 Live Crew, mimicking their As Nasty As They Wanna Be cover.

Release and reception
The Bangers & Cash was ultimately released on October 9, 2007. Spank Rock and Benny Blanco also released videos for "Pu$$y", "B-O-O-T-A-Y", and "Loose".

Rolling Stone slated the album. The publication described the EP as "raunchy, megahorny hip-hop, [...] knowingly ridiculous and over-the-top", and stated that "Spank Rock seems to be on autopilot for most of the album, and neither his one-track mind nor Blanco's high-energy, low-payoff music produces anything worth going back to."

Track listing
All tracks written by Naeem Juwan and Benjamin Levin.

 "Shake That" – 3:08
Samples: "Shake That Ass Bitch" by Splack Pack, written by S. Chavis, K. Buchanan and J. Hardnett
Samples: "The Fuck Shop" by 2 Live Crew, written by Luther Campbell, Mark Ross, David Hobbs and Chris Wong Won
 "B-O-O-T-A-Y" (featuring Santogold and Sylvia Gordon) – 3:10
Samples: "I Wanna Rock" by Luke Skyywalker, written by Luther Campbell
Samples: "Booty Drop" by Fresh Kid Ice and DJ Spin, written by Chris Wong Won and Darren Rudnick
Samples: "Shake a Lil' Somethin'" by 2 Live Crew, written by Mark Ross, David Hobbs and Chris Wong Won
 "Loose" (featuring Amanda Blank) – 3:35
Samples: "Get Loose Now" by 2 Live Crew, written by Luther Campbell, Mark Ross, David Hobbs and Chris Wong Won
Samples: "Hoochie Mama" by 2 Live Crew, written by Mark Ross, David Hobbs and Chris Wong
 "Pu$$y" (featuring Sylvia Gordon) – 4:09
Samples: "We Want Some Pussy" by 2 Live Crew, written by Luther Campbell, Mark Ross, David Hobbs and Chris Wong Won
 "Bitch!" – 3:10
Samples: "A Bitch Iz A Bitch" by N.W.A, written by O'Shea Jackson and Andre Young

Personnel
Producer – Benny Blanco, Vaughan Merrick (additional)
Engineer – Vaughan Merrick, Will Juhans (assistant)
Mixing – Vaughan Merrick
Mastering – Herb Powers Jr.
Photography – Adam Weiss

References

External links
Spank Rock on Myspace
Benny Blanco on Myspace

2007 EPs
Albums produced by Benny Blanco
Spank Rock albums


Iowa Highway 210 (Iowa 210) is an east–west highway in central Iowa covering .  It begins at Iowa Highway 141 south of Woodward and ends at U.S. Highway 65 south of Collins.  The routing closely parallels and crosses the former Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad grade.  Passing through mostly rural farmland, Iowa 210 serves as a collector for two central Iowa freeways — Interstate 35 and Iowa 141.

Route description
Iowa Highway 210 begins at an interchange with Iowa Highway 141 south of Woodward.  Just north of Woodward, and immediately after crossing into Boone County, Iowa 210 turns east at the entrance to the Woodward Resource Center.  The route crosses the meandering Des Moines River next to the former Milwaukee Road high bridge before entering Madrid.  At Madrid, Iowa 210 shares one block, , with Iowa Highway 17.

Iowa Highway 210 continues east and enters Story County and the town of Slater.  South of Huxley, Iowa 210 intersects U.S. Highway 69.  East of US 69, Iowa 210 serves as a collector route to Interstate 35, serving, on average, over 4500 vehicles per day.  East of Interstate 35, Iowa Highway 210 primarily serves local traffic.  Iowa 210 serves Cambridge via county highways and Maxwell directly.  South of Collins, Iowa 210 ends at U.S. Highway 65.

History
Iowa Highway 210 was designated on January 8, 1938 as a double-spur route between Slater and Maxwell.  It was extended eastward to US 65 and westward to Iowa 141, absorbing Iowa 89, in November 1980.  In 1997, when Iowa 141 was upgraded to an expressway, the southern end of Iowa 210 was extended approximately .  A mile marker 1A exists near mile marker 1 to account for the addition.

Major intersections

Related route

Iowa 89 began at an intersection with Iowa Highway 141 south of Woodward and headed north into the town. Just north of Woodward, and immediately after crossing into Boone County, Iowa 89 turned east at the entrance to the Woodward Resource Center. The route crossed the Des Moines River next to the Milwaukee Road high bridge before entering Madrid. At Madrid, Iowa 89 ended at Iowa 17.  Iowa 89 was absorbed into Iowa 210 in 1980.

References

External links

202


A Geographic Information System is a tool for mapping and analyzing data.  The ability to layer many features onto the same map and select or unselect as needed allows for a multitude of views and ease of interpreting data.  More important, this allows for in depth scientific analysis and problem solving.

Ichthyology involves many areas of study related to fishes and their habitat.  The natural habitat is water, but fish are dependent upon many other factors.  Water quality, type, food, cover, sediment are essential for the life cycle of any given fish.  Being able to map the presence of certain species with layers of these features provides invaluable insight into species requirements. GIS is an essential tool that allows immediate visualization of all data present and to accurately interpret impacts of habitat degradation or species success.

GIS

GIS is useful when data is specific to a location.  It is used to classify, analyze and understand data relationships based on the location and then drawing conclusions from the data.  Data capture can occur in the field on small, handheld GPS devices, and then imported and compared to an existing map. This freedom of movement between field and computer is critical to streamlining data collection in field endeavors and generating more accurate data sets.

Ichthyology

Ichthyology requires an understanding species geographic requirements.  Fish require different abiotic environments or sediments for successful completion of biological life cycle based on species. Serious examinations of species should always include habitat because habitat differences create changes in population. Sediment could thereby be mapped and changes in sediment could easily be verified using previous records while simultaneously showing changes in resident fish populations.
Various factors relating to the fish life cycle, such as food sources, migration patterns, changes in spawning grounds, could all be more accurately explained and documented using GIS versus a more traditional paper.  More important, data could be gathered in the field on handheld GPS units and downloaded directly to an existing map.  Streamlining data entry removes error by having observations made and recorded and entered in the field while observations are actively being recorded and uploading the data to a computer upon return to the lab.  The other alternative is making observations in the field and then recording the data upon return to the lab; this second technique can allow for opinions to affect how data in interpreted during collection.

Advantages
One of the biggest advantages in using GIS is assimilating information and using it to highlight significance or irrelevant data.  Use of GIS increases the possible integration of many different types of data into a single usable resource making analysis and interpretation easier as well as increasing management of the data involved.  Ichthyology is a field of study that requires active examination of a multitude of areas at the same time for accurate study.  GIS programs improve spatial data aspects frequently to accurately represent substrate, habitat, quality or other various factors.  This tool enables scientists to access information and share results quickly and concisely. Scientists realize the need for a GIS component in their research as evidenced by the founding of such groups as Fishery-Aquatic Research Group.  This group organizes an annual symposium with the expressed goal of furthering ichthyology research utilizing GIS.

External links
 NOAA Geographic Information Systems
 Fisheries and Habitat
 Using Gis to Inventory Shallow Habitat
 Effects on fishes by sediment in their habitat.
 Mean Grain Sizes.
 Surface Water Data Maps.
 Juvenile Salmon Feasibility Report.
 GIS
 Patterns of Fish Segregation.
 Using GIS to improve spatial representation.
 Environmental management and conservation.
 GIS Aquatic Research group
 Mercury Consumption in fishes.

Applications of geographic information systems
Ichthyology


The Brown Building is a ten-story building that is part of the campus of New York University (NYU), which owns it. It is located at 23–29 Washington Place, between Greene Street and Washington Square East in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, and is best known as the location of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire of March 25 1911, which killed 146 people.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and was named a National Historical Landmark in 1991. It was designated a New York City landmark in 2003.

History
The iron and steel building was constructed in 1900–01, and was designed by John Woolley in the neo-Renaissance style. It was named the Asch Building after its owner, Joseph J. Asch. During that time, the Asch Building was known for its "fireproof" rooms, which attracted many garment makers, including the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, which was the site of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire that killed 146 garment workers on March 25, 1911.

The majority of the workers who occupied the Asch Building were female immigrants. The immigrants came to the United States for a better life, although they were working in terrible conditions within the factory and were underpaid. The building's top three floors were occupied by the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, owned by Russian immigrants Max Blanck and Isaac Harris.

Even though the immigrants were provided a job, their work environment was not safe. Rooms were overcrowded with few working bathrooms and no ventilation, resulting in conditions ranging from sweltering heat to freezing cold. In regard to working conditions, the Asch Building at the time did not comply with several requirements that were needed to ensure the safety of the building. The rooms in the upper three floors were packed with flammable objects, including clothing products hanging from lines above workers' heads, rows of tightly spaced sewing machines, cutting tables bearing bolts of cloth, and linen and cotton cuttings littering the floors, that resulted in a massive spread of fire occurring in the matter of seconds. The building had a single fire escape  that was not durable enough to hold many people, and there were no sprinklers installed in the building. The rooms on each floor were overcrowded because there was no limit at the time as to how many people could occupy one floor. The staircases did not have landings and the stairwells were poorly illuminated, resulting in unsafe, often dark conditions in the stairwells.

A survivor of this incident indicated that there had been a blue glow coming from a bin under a table where 120 layers of fabric had just been stacked prior to cutting. Fire rose from the bin, ignited the tissue paper templates hung from the ceiling, and spread across the room. Once ignited, the tissue paper floated off haphazardly from table to table, setting off fires as it went. Many people died during the fire, some from inhaling thick smoke or from being burned in the fire. Others died because they jumped out the building's windows to escape the flames – the interior stairs were blocked and the elevators stopped functioning properly because of the heat. Workers piled up at the entrance of the stairway because the stairway (which had no landing) was too dark for one to see his or her way down the steps. In the panic during the fire many people were crushed to death from behind while workers were attempting to get through the locked doors. As for the elevators, the owners and their family went into the elevator, which only could have held twelve people and escaped the building. In request of the owner, they told the elevator operator to send the elevator back up; however, by the time the elevator made its way back, the fire was fully engaged on the eighth floor and quickly spreading to the ninth. This had forced the workers to jump out the windows and jump into the elevator shaft that was nine stories down. Although there was the option of using the fire escape to get out of the burning building, few managed to escape this way. With many workers going through the fire escape, the fire escape eventually collapsed. Prior to the fire escape collapsing, people still could not make it to the ground safely, because the ladder from the fire escape did not reach the ground, nor was it close enough for people to jump down, which led to many more deaths.

The New York City Fire Department did not have the proper equipment to battle the fire, such as the ladder, which “could only reach the sixth floor, fully two floors below the level of fire". The factory owners Max Blanck and Isaac Harris were charged with “criminal negligence”, and faced multiple lawsuits from the victims’ families. As a result of this fire, there were several new building and safety regulations, “such as mandatory fire drills, periodic fire inspections, working fire hoses, sprinklers, exit signs and fire alarms, doors that swung in the direction of travel and stairway size restrictions.”
The fire led to wide-ranging legislation requiring improved factory safety standards and helped spur the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. The building survived the fire and was refurbished. Three plaques on the southeast corner of the building commemorate the women and men who lost their lives in the fire.

NYU began to use the eighth floor of the building for a library and classrooms in 1916. Real estate speculator and philanthropist Frederick Brown later bought the building and subsequently donated it to the university in 1929, when it was renamed the Brown Building. In 2002, the building was incorporated into the Silver Center for Arts and Science.

Current use
The Brown building is currently owned by New York University. It is internally connected to the adjacent Silver Center and Waverly buildings, and make up the "Main Block" of NYU.  It now houses classrooms, study spaces, and many research labs of the NYU Chemistry and Biology Departments.

See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City
List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street
National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street

References
Notes

External links

Triangle Fire Open Archive: Landmark Designation, Brown/Asch Building

Office buildings completed in 1901
Industrial buildings completed in 1901
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire
National Historic Landmarks in Manhattan
New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan
Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan
New York University
1901 establishments in New York City
New York State Register of Historic Places in New York County


Brad Inman is a journalist, author and entrepreneur, known for founding several media companies.

Career
Inman founded Inman News in 1996 as an online news source for the real estate industry. Inman News holds annual events where Inman has interviewed technology and media personalities. Inman continues to contribute as a guest columnist and speak on real estate issues. Inman News was sold in 2021 to Beringer Capital.

Inman was on the Microsoft team that launched HomeAdvisor in 1998. He founded online real estate firm HomeGain.com in 1999, which was acquired by Classified Ventures in 2005.

In 2005, Inman started TurnHere.com, an Internet video production and distribution platform that produced editorial and advertising content for companies such as Conde Nast, NBC, Williams Sonoma, Yelp and OpenTable.

Inman founded Vook, an enhanced ebook company, in early 2009.

Inman is co-founder of ClimateCheck, a search engine that rates climate change risk for property. He was also the first investor in Curbed and served as chairman before it was sold to Vox Media.

Bibliography
 Livable Neighborhoods of the Bay Area (March 1992)
 Real Estate Will Never be the Same (July 2019)
 The Right Way to Do Wrong  (January 2020)
 California Real Estate: the 1980s & 1990s (February 2020)

References

External links

 Inman News web site

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
San Francisco Examiner people
Business speakers
Boston University alumni


Philippe Le Billon is a researcher known for his work in political ecology and on the political economy of war. A Fulbright Research Chair at UC Berkeley and Scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, Le Billon is a professor at the University of British Columbia (UBC) with the Department of Geography and the School of Public Policy and Global Affairs. He earned an MBA at the Pantheon-Sorbonne University in Paris and a doctorate at the University of Oxford. Prior to joining UBC he collaborated with the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) and the Overseas Development Institute (ODI).

Contributions
Working on the environment-development-security nexus, he is the (co)author of about one hundred refereed articles and several books, including on conflict diamonds, corruption in armed conflicts, environmental defenders, extractive industries, fish crimes, fossil fuel phase-out initiatives (e.g. fossil fuel cuts database with Nicolas Gaulin), and the political economy of natural disasters and armed conflicts.

Le Billon served on the editorial board of Political Geography and Environment and Security, the scientific advisory board of Swisspeace, and the founding board of Environmental Peacebuilding Association. His academic research in published in journals such as African Affairs, Annals of the AAG, Antipode, Climate Policy, Geopolitics, Global Environmental Change, Political Geography, Review of International Political Economy, and Science Advances. Some of his research also appeared in AP, CBC, CCTV, Christian Science Monitor, The Globe and Mail, Die Zeit, The Guardian, Financial Times, and The Washington Post. He regularly writes for Policy Options and The Conversation, and collaborates with international and non-governmental organizations.

Notable works
 Le Billon, Philippe (2000). Political Economy of War: What Relief Agencies Need to Know. Overseas Development Institute.
 Le Billon, Philippe (2001). The Political Ecology of War. Political Geography 20(5): 561–584.

 Le Billon, Philippe; Menton Mary (2021). Environmental Defenders. Deadly Struggles for Life and Territory. London: Routledge. ISBN 9780367649647

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
French geographers
Academic staff of the University of British Columbia
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Political ecologists


Ernst John von Freyend (25 March 1909 – 24 March 1980) was a German Oberkommando der Wehrmacht officer who served during World War II as the adjutant to Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel. He is notable for unwittingly helping to place the 20 July plot bomb that was intended to kill Adolf Hitler.

Biography
On 20 July 1944, he held the rank of Major and arrived at the Wolf's Lair headquarters in Rastenburg, East Prussia for a situation conference attended by Hitler. Also, there as a subordinate to Field Marshal Keitel was Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg, who arrived clutching a briefcase. As Stauffenberg was disabled following the loss of his right hand and two fingers from his left hand, von Freyend offered to carry it for him. Stauffenberg at first refused, but then relented upon approaching the conference room, and he asked von Freyend to put him as near as possible to Hitler so that "I catch everything the Führer says for my briefing afterwards". Freyend placed the briefcase by the conference map table to the right of General Adolf Heusinger, who was standing next to Hitler, and Stauffenberg adjusted its position. However, Heinz Brandt, wanting to get a closer look at a map on the table, re-positioned the briefcase farther away from Hitler on the other side of a thick table leg. Seven minutes later the bomb exploded. It was later concluded that its exact positioning next to the table leg was a crucial factor in determining who in the room survived.

Freyend survived the explosion and the remainder of the war. After surrendering with Keitel, he was briefly interned interrogated by the Americans, who decided that he was not involved in military decision-making and acted mainly as Keitel's valet. In the early 1950s, he became an employee of Gehlen Organization.

Portrayal in the media
Ernst John von Freyend has been portrayed by the following actors in film productions.
 Manfred Bendik in the 1971 Eastern Bloc co-production Liberation: Direction of the Main Blow.
 Michael Fitzgerald in the 1990 US television movie The Plot to Kill Hitler.
 Andy Gätjen in the 2004 German TV movie Stauffenberg.
 Karl Richter in the 2004 German movie Downfall.
 Werner Daehn in the 2008 US film Valkyrie.

References

1909 births
1980 deaths
German Army officers of World War II
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States
People from Wrocław

People wounded in the 20 July plot


Rachel Bernstein Wischnitzer (German: Rahel Wischnitzer-Bernstein), (April 14, 1885 – November 20, 1989) was a Russian-born architect and art historian.

Biography

Wischnitzer was born into a middle-class Jewish family in Minsk, in Russian Empire, the daughter of Wladimir and Sophie (Halpern) Bernstein. Rachel's father was for a time in the insurance business. She had one sibling, a younger brother, Gustave, who later became a chemist. She learned Hebrew as a child, and her family observed the major Jewish holidays. After her family moved to Warsaw, she attended a state gymnasium there. At school she became interested in mathematics and the natural sciences. She learned French and German, and took private lessons in Polish. At this time she also developed an interest in Jewish history and culture.

Wischnitzer studied at the University of Heidelberg in 1902 to 1903. She went on to study architecture in Brussels, at the Academie Nationale des Beaux-Arts, and in 1907 graduated from the École Spéciale d'Architecture in Paris, one of the first women to receive a degree in that field. She also studied art history for two semesters at the University of Munich in 1909 to 1910. After her return to Russia, she continued to publish scholarly articles and reviews, and to develop her ideas about Jewish art. She was especially interested in illuminated medieval Hebrew manuscripts, which she studied in the collections of St. Petersburg.

In 1912 Rachel (Bernstein) married Mark Wischnitzer (1882-1955), a sociologist and historian, who was one of the editors of the Russian-language edition of the Jewish Encyclopedia (Evreiskaia entsiklopediia), where her first writings on synagogue architecture and ceremonial objects were published. The couple moved to Berlin in the 1920s, where they together launched the Hebrew and Yiddish illustrated companion journals Rimon–Milgroim. Featuring perspectives on art, literature and scholarship by both East European and German-Jewish writers and artists, six issues of the journal appeared between 1922 and 1924, with Mark serving as general editor and Rachel Wischnitzer as artistic editor.

During her time in Berlin Rachel Wischnitzer was also art and architecture editor of the Encyclopaedia Judaica, from 1928 to 1934, and worked with the Jewish Museum Berlin, in part as a curator, from 1928 to 1938. She was one of the most important Jewish art critics of the century.

Rachel and Mark Wischnitzer, together with their son, Leonard (born in 1924), fled Nazi Germany in 1938, emigrating at first to Paris. From there Rachel and Leonard left for the United States in 1940, with Mark joining them in the following year.

Now in her fifties, Wischnitzer returned to formal academic study at the Institute of Fine Arts at New York University, where she earned a master's degree in 1944. During that time she was a research fellow of the American Academy for Jewish Research. Later, she was a professor at Stern College for Women of Yeshiva University, from 1956 until she retired in 1968.

Books
1935: Symbole und Gestalten und Symbole der jüdischen Kunst. Berlin-Schöneberg: S. Scholem (in German) (Forms and Symbols of Jewish Art)
1948: The Messianic Theme in the Paintings of the Dura Synagogue, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
1955: Synagogue Architecture in the United States, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America
1964: Architecture of the European Synagogue, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1964
1990: From Dura to Rembrandt: studies in the history of art, Milwaukee: Aldrich; Vienna: IRSA Verlag; Jerusalem: Center for Jewish Art (collected essays)

Biography
 Rachel Wischnitzer; Doyenne of Historians of Jewish Art, by Bezalel Narkiss, pp. 9–25, in From Dura Europa to Rembrandt: Studies in the History of Art, by Rachel Wischnitzer, 1990

See also
 Women in the art history field

References

External links

Milgroim : Zeitschrift für Kunst und Literatur (q N 8 M5), a digitized periodical published by Rachel Wischnitzer and her husband, at the Leo Baeck Institute, New York

1885 births
1989 deaths
People from Minsk
Belarusian Jews
20th-century German architects
20th-century American architects
Jewish architects
Russian art historians
German art historians
Russian women historians
American art historians
American architectural historians
American women historians
American centenarians
Synagogue architecture
Belarusian women architects
Women art historians
Heidelberg University alumni
Russian women architects
Women centenarians
German women historians
École Spéciale d'Architecture alumni
20th-century American women
20th-century German women


Johan Gerard Hendrik "Jan" Elfring (8 February 1902 – 4 September 1977) was a Dutch footballer who participated at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

Career
He played club football for local sides Go Ahead 1918 and Alcmaria Victrix as well as for Robur et Velocitas in Apeldoorn after he moved to the city in 1929. Elfring made his debut for the Netherlands in an October 1926 friendly match against Germany and earned a total of 15 caps, scoring 2 goals. His final international was a December 1928 friendly against Italy.

References

External links

 Player profile at VoetbalStats.nl
 Player profile at Sport.nl

1902 births
1977 deaths
Footballers from Alkmaar
Men's association football wingers
Dutch men's footballers
Netherlands men's international footballers
Olympic footballers for the Netherlands
Footballers at the 1928 Summer Olympics


Houphouët-Boigny Bridge is a road and rail bridge over the Ébrié Lagoon which links the two halves of the city Abidjan in Ivory Coast.

The structure is a girder bridge, hollow box, double deck bridge with eight spans of , each thus resulting a total length of .

References

External links

Bridges in Ivory Coast
Bridges completed in 1954
Bridges completed in 1957
Road-rail bridges
Buildings and structures in Abidjan


The men's 90 kg powerlifting event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was contested on 15 September at the Beihang University Gymnasium in Beijing, China. This event was the third-heaviest of the men's powerlifting weight classes, limiting competitors to a maximum of  of body mass.

As with all Paralympic powerlifting events, lifters competed in the bench press. Each athlete was allowed three attempts to bench press as much weight as possible. Athletes attempting to break a record were allowed a fourth attempt. For the attempt to be valid, the competitor must have lowered the weighted bar to his chest, held it motionless for a moment, then pressed the bar upwards until his arms were fully extended. If the competitor failed to meet these requirements or any other rule infraction was committed, the attempt was declared invalid by a team of three referees and the result struck from the record.

Results

Key: NMR=No marks recorded

References

Men's 090 kg


William Louis Tozer (July 3, 1882 – February 23, 1955), was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played in  with the Cincinnati Reds. He batted and threw right-handed. Tozer had a 0–0 record, with a 1.69 ERA, in four games, in his one-year career.

He was born in St. Louis, Missouri and died in Belmont, California.

External links

1882 births
1955 deaths
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from California
Cincinnati Reds players
Butte Miners players
Portland Green Gages players
Salt Lake City Elders players
Los Angeles Angels (minor league) players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Spokane Indians players
San Francisco Seals (baseball) players


The Stuart Richardson House (affectionately named 'Scherzo' by Frank Lloyd Wright) in Glen Ridge, Essex County, New Jersey, United States, was built in 1951 for Stuart Richardson (an actuary) and his wife Elisabeth. The Richardsons, with their two daughters Margot and Edith, moved in on October 23, 1951, and owned the house until 1970. It is one of Wright's "Usonian" homes, designed to be functional houses for people of average means. The primary building construction materials employed in the design of the house were red brick, old growth tidewater cypress wood, and glass on a Cherokee red radiant heated concrete floor mat.

The Richardson House, originally designed in 1941 to be built in Livingston, New Jersey was built a decade later in Glen Ridge due to complexities imposed by World War II. The design is an extremely rare example of a Wright Usonian home based on hexagonal geometry - all angles of the floor plan are either 60 or 120 degrees.  Tucked into a landscaped woodland meadow with a stream, multiple ponds, and waterfalls running along its private entry invisible from the street, it is 20 miles/45 minutes from midtown Manhattan. The home's centerpiece is a massive triangular living/dining space with prow-like wood-burning fireplace, a unique sculptural inverted truss pyramidal ceiling unlike any other known to be designed by FLLW, and illuminated clerestory windows with perforated motifs whose design relates to Wright's name ('Scherzo') of the home. Fourteen floor-to-ceiling French doors create two window walls opening onto balconies and an in-ground heated swimming pool surrounded by a flagstone terrace on the south side of the home, effectively blurring indoor and outdoor space. On the north side of the home off the bedroom loggia is a large triangular planted terrace providing additional outdoor living space.

In addition to the spacious triangular living/dining area, the home also includes a carport, entry/loggia, large kitchen, library/studio, two bedrooms, a guest bathroom, a master suite with separate bedroom/dressing area/master bath, and mechanical room. Every room contains the original desks, dressers, shelving, tables, chairs, and credenzas designed by Wright, and there is ample storage space integrated throughout the home. A recent ten year restoration by previous owners Edith and John Payne with New Jersey based TARANTINOarchitect returned The Richardson House to the integrity and beauty FLLW originally envisioned, and earned the 2010 Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy Spirit Award for outstanding stewardship to private individuals in the conservation of their FLLW designed homes.

See also
 List of Frank Lloyd Wright works

References

 Storrer, William Allin. The Frank Lloyd Wright Companion. University Of Chicago Press, 2006,  (S.282)
 On the Trail of Frank Lloyd Wright - New York Times, October 14, 2001

External links
 A floor plan of the Richardson House from ARTSTOR (an online resource for digital images from museums and universities)
 Exploring Art - Frank Lloyd Wright - Stuart Richardson Residence
 CUTTINGS; Landscaping to Flow With a Wright House - New York Times
 Frank Lloyd Wright - Richardson House | Tarantino Architect
 Stuart Richardson House 1941 Glen Ridge New Jersey Usonian House USA.
 Listing on home in 2019 with photographs

Frank Lloyd Wright buildings
Houses in Essex County, New Jersey
Houses completed in 1951


Education in Northern Cyprus is organized by the Ministry of National Education and Culture. 5 years of primary education is mandatory. As of 2015, Kemal Dürüst is the Minister of National Education and Culture.

Kindergarten

Children in Northern Cyprus, below age 6, can attend kindergartens of public and private institutions. Kindergarten is not mandatory.

Elementary school

Elementary school provides 5 years of education for children between the ages of 6 and 11. All elementary schools are public and free.

High school

High schools provide a minimum 6 years of education, where 3 years last for junior high school (Ortaokul). There are different kinds of high schools in Northern Cypriot education system, such as standard public high schools, private high schools, science high schools, vocational high schools, technical high schools and fine arts high schools. As of 2008, there are 18 high schools, 14 junior high schools and 12 vocational high schools.

Universities

All of universities in Northern Cyprus are private except Eastern Mediterranean University, METU-NCC, and ITU-TRNC. In 2013 there were 63,765 university students from 114 countries in nine universities in Northern Cyprus. In 2014, the number of students increased to 70,004, (15,210 Turkish Cypriots; 36,148 from Turkey; 18,646 international students).

There are 19 universities in Northern Cyprus:

Atatürk Teacher Academy and Police Academy provide vocational education in related subjects.

International membership of Northern Cyprus institutions

 Near East University’s Faculty of Pharmacy was accredited by The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) in 2014.
 The law faculties of the three universities of Northern Cyprus were accredited by European Law Faculties Association (ELFA).
 The English Preparatory School of European University of Lefke was accredited by Pearson Assured in 2015.
 Near East University and Eastern Mediterranean University are members of European University Association.
 Girne American University and Cyprus International University are members of European Council for Business Education (ECBE).

On 17-18 May 2019, The Central and Eastern European Network of Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education (CEENQA) held its meeting in Northern Cyprus; 26 quality assurance institutions from 20 countries participated the meeting.

References

External links
Ministry of National Education and Culture


Schravenlant is a high school in the town Schiedam, which is located in the Netherlands.
It has about 650 pupils in ages varying from 12 to 18.

Although the school is Dutch there are many different nationalities represented within the school.

External links
 Schravenlant Official Website

Secondary schools in the Netherlands
Buildings and structures in Schiedam


Second Abidjan Bridge is a road bridge over the Ébrié Lagoon which links the two halves of the city of Abidjan in Côte d'Ivoire.

The structure is a girder bridge, hollow box bridge with ten spans, two spans of 35 m and eight spans of 58 m each thus resulting a total length of 592 m.

References

External links

Bridges in Ivory Coast
Bridges completed in 1964
Bridges completed in 1967
Buildings and structures in Abidjan
Transport in Abidjan


Giffordland is in North Ayrshire, Parish of Dalry (Cunninghame) in the former Region of Strathclyde, Scotland.

Background
Giffordland was a small barony, but the families associated with it played an active part in the history of feudal Scotland.

The name is given as just 'Gifford' on Armstrong's 1775 map and Ainslie's 1821 map and as 'Giffertland Mains' on the first 6 inch OS maps of 1840 - 1880. A Giffordland Mill, originally  with stepping stones and now a bridge, lie at the Caaf Water (Keaff in 1747 ); a smithy lay close to the Caaf Water near the Dalry to West Kilbride Road. A limekiln were located near to the 'Mains' farm buildings. A ford existed over the Auldmuir Burn until the late 19th century.

The Auldmuir Burn runs through a deeply cut glen which has been planted up with beech trees in the vicinity of Giffordland Farm. A small building sat close to the junction of the road to Auldmuir, and a building known as 'Green House' is marked as a ruin in the 1840–1880 Ordnance Survey map and an active settlement on Roy's map of 1747.

History

The Barony of Giffordland included the estate of Auldmuir, including the one merk land of Wardlaw and Bradshaw. Paterson describes Gifford as being a mansion house set on the banks of a rivulet (the Auldmuir Burn) about two miles West of Dalry, small in dimensions, but surrounded by old woods. George Robertson gives the same account, but states in the 1820s that it was not in the best of order.. Its rental value at the time was £123 6s 8d. The Barony would have had a Moot hill and the small mound in the Giffordland Glen shows signs of having been artificially altered (see illustration). Giffordland had also been known as Netherton.

The Giffords
Gifford or Giffordland takes its name from the Giffords or Giffards, a Norman family who under King William the Lion (1165–1214) obtained lands in Scotland, such as the Parish of Yester in the Lothians near Haddington. The male line failed with Sir Hugh Gifford who had four daughters and died in 1409. Robertson relates that Sir Thomas Boyd of Kilmarnock married Alice, one of these four daughter co-heiresses, but he does not actually record any relationship with the Craufurds of Kilmarnock, progenitors of the Gifford cadet branch at just this time. A village named Gifford is located near the old Yester Castle of the Gifford's in East Lothian.

The Craufurds

The Craufurds of Giffordland were cadets of the house of Craufurdland. John was the first of the line, son of John Craufurd of Craufurdland and living in 1440 was succeeded by his son John in 1480. Andrew Craufurd of Giffordland was killed at Flodden in 1513 and in 1547 John Craufurd was killed at the battle of Pinkie, having married twice, once to the daughter of the Laird of Kelburne; and secondly to the daughter of the Laird of Hunterston. The Craufurds of Birkheid were cadets of Giffordland. In 1543 John Craufurd of Giffordland and John Craufurd of Birkheid were found to have failed to support Mary Queen of Scots at the Siege of Coldingham during the troubles linked to King Henry VIII of England's attempts to persuade the Scottish Queen to marry his son, Prince Edward. John Craufurd obtained a grant of the lands of Giffordland from James VI under the Great Seal on 27 March 1576. His wife was Margaret Blair daughter of John Blair of that Ilk. He died in 1583.

At the Castle of Blair on May 3, 1595, Margaret Craufurd and her husband Thomas Craufurd of Giffordland granted their eldest daughter, Grizel and her husband, John Blair of Windyedge, a third part of the Three pound land of Giffordland. At a later stage they also gave the lands of Bradshaw (Broadshaw) and Knockendon. It is recorded that Margaret Craufurd could not write and it is clear from the original parchment that the notary had to guide her hand. From this marriage the Blairs of Giffordland were descended.

Isabel Craufurd, Grizel's sister, married John Craufurd of Walston and had been retoured a portion of the Giffordland lands in 1548; their son John died in France. Thomas Craufurd of Walston, their direct descendant, is recorded as a portioner of Giffordland after 1600 and he married a daughter of the Laird of Craufurdland. Alexander Blair of Giffordland married Jeane Broun of Burrowland in the early 17th century and had two sons, Alexander and John; Alexander inherited Giffordland.

The Craufurds, as lairds of Giffordland, maintained a town house in Irvine. A 1499 inventory records that the house contained two dinner tables, five benches, kitchen equipment, three storage chests, five beds with bedding, and pillows, an iron chimney and tongs.

The Boyds and Blairs
In 1577 Isabella and Margaret Craufurd, daughters of the deceased John Craufurd of Giffertland, with the agreement of their husbands (John Craufurd and Thomas Craufurd), agreed to the resignation of the three pound lands of Mains of Giffertland or Nethertoun, with the manor-place, etc to Robert, Lord Boyd. The two and a half merk lands of Birkatt; six merk lands of Braidschaw; and two merk lands of Knockindone, also in the Lordship of Giffertland were in addition resigned. John Blair obtained the Superiority of Birkatt.

In 1614 Robert Lord Boyd inherited 'Giffertland' from his father, Robert, Master of Boyd. Alexander Blair inherited the lands from his father in 1634, confirmed by the Superior, Lord Boyd, in 1641. He married a Jean Brown of Burrowland and his second son, John, became Laird of Burrowland. The line continued and William Blair married an English Lady, having two sons, the eldest of whom, Edward, was a ward of Chancery due to a commission of lunacy and the youngest therefore became proprietor. William Dobie states that the younger brother died in London and Edward was therefore the end of the direct male line. Alexander Blaire of Giffartland (sic) paid £18 4s 02d feu deuty in 1666 for his lands of Barow Landis (sic) and others pertaining to him.

The Morrises
The estate of Auldmuir, including the one merk land of Wardlaw is recorded as having been owned in 1807 by Robert Morris of Craig in Kilmaurs parish, whose son, Hugh Baxter Morris also inherited Auldmuir and the Wardlaws.

Thirdpart farm
The farm of this name appears to have its origin in the marriage settlement or dowry of Grizel Craufurd in 1595.

Giffordland Glen

Natural history
Giffordland Glen is a provisional Wildlife Site, listed as such by the Scottish Wildlife Trust due to its old woodlands and biodiversity.

See also
Cat Stones of ScotlandAdd

References

External links
 Giffordland Glen and Moot Hill
 Ancestors of John Peter Houison Craufurd of Craufurdland

Buildings and structures in North Ayrshire
Garnock Valley


Wrath is the sixth studio album by American heavy metal band Lamb of God. It was internationally released on February 23, 2009  via Roadrunner Records in Europe, Japan and Australia, and on February 24, 2009 via Epic Records in the U.S and Canada. It peaked at number 2 on the Billboard 200, becoming the band's most successful album on the chart, and sold 68,000 units in the U.S. during its first week of release. As of 2010, it has sold over 202,000 copies in the United States.

Background and production
In August, 2008, it was announced that the band had commenced work on the follow-up to Sacrament, and that it was expected to be released on February 24, 2009. Josh Wilbur was confirmed as the producer for the album. Wilbur takes the place of the band's previous producer, Machine, who worked with them on Ashes of the Wake and Sacrament.

The recording process of Wrath was made available for online viewing through the band's website, with two webcams installed in the studio (specifically in the drum room and mixing room).

A producer version of the album with 4 separate stems per song (vocals, guitars, bass, drums) is available on the bonus CD on the Limited Deluxe Edition of Wrath.

Music and album direction
Speaking about the record, drummer Chris Adler stated:

"This album is going to surprise a lot of people. Typically bands that get to where we are in our career begin to slack off, smell the roses and regurgitate. We chose a different path. No one wants to hear another band member hyping a new record. Wrath needs no hype. We have topped ourselves and on February 24 (as 2009) you will feel it."

"We are excited to be changing things up this time and working with Josh. We've never stayed in one place too long, and the band's evolution continues. There is an aggressive shift in the material and our approach. The bar has been raised."

Guitarist Mark Morton was also quoted in an interview stating:

"We usually try to do something fresh every time. This one, I think, is deliberately a little more raw and more aggressive than Sacrament was. Sacrament was a really, really dynamic record on every level, and the songs were all over the place - it was also heavily produced. This one's really raw and real-sounding, from every angle, and we're celebrating imperfections on this record. We're choosing what takes stay on the record based more on their character and personality than how completely mechanically precise they are. It's more about vibe and attitude in the takes than it is about, 'Wow, that was perfect.' It's the perfect ones that get thrown away, because they're just too sterile."

"The guitar tones are a little cleaner than normal. We're kind of getting into this mind-set that clean is heavy. Clarity is a lot heavier than oversaturated. It's just real raw and natural and organic-sounding, which, in itself, is kind of revolutionary these days, when kids are making pro audio-sounding recordings in their dorm rooms, on their laptops, and cutting and pasting verses and choruses. It's no longer cutting edge to make a completely space-aged, robotic-sounding record. I think it's almost fresh now to make one that sounds like an actual band played it. Don't get me wrong - it still sounds airtight and rehearsed, because it is all those things. But it's just real."

Reception

Initial critical response to Wrath was positive. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has received an average score of 74, based on 14 reviews. The Los Angeles Times stated that Lamb of God "roots its best songs in a Motörhead swagger that makes the growly moments stickier and gives the stadium-sized choruses a hint of righteous evil." IGN gave it an 8 out of 10 and stated that the album's highlight is "the band's technical prowess, which is omnipresent. And Blythe leads the charge valiantly, with a passel of angry proclamations. While Lamb of God doesn't exactly reinvent the wheel this time out, this is an impressive album-meaning it should be taken as a whole, cohesive listening experience. That's the best way of soaking up all the nuances and subtleties that make Lamb of God a standout American-metal band." Spin gave it a six out of ten and stated: "The latest outburst of controlled aggression from these veteran Virginia metallurgists proves that consistency is a blessing and a curse.  As always, the palm-muted jackhammer riffs and Randy Blythe's elastic denunciations of liars, hypocrites, and lying hypocrites are frightfully precise. [...] But primally satisfying as it is, the band's meat-and-taters thrash leaves one hungry for some Mastodon-style lateral thinking.  Or not.

AllMusic has given it mixed comments, stating: "There's no denying the sheer "angry basement workout/summer garage weightlifting" potential that Wrath'''s perfectly acceptable 45-minute running time offers, but without a single hook that sticks around long enough to reel in the fish, all you've got is bait." Rolling Stone also gave a negative review on it, saying, "the fearsome fivesome opt for a somewhat varied but hardly visionary attack mode, occasionally lurching into a groove or tune.  The song titles betray a cynicism over military and religious affairs, but growl-to-screech front-monster Randy Blythe never makes his anger coherent [...] Wrath'' opens and closes with spans of placid subtlety - a welcome touch that doesn't make up for all the raging roteness in between.

Awards
In 2010, Lamb of God was nominated for a Grammy, at the 52nd Grammy Awards, for "Set To Fail" in the Best Metal Performance category, but lost out to Judas Priest's "Dissident Aggressor". In 2011, the band was nominated for a Grammy, at the 53rd Grammy Awards, for "In Your Words" in the Best Metal Performance category, but lost to Iron Maiden's "El Dorado".

The album won Best Album at the 2009 Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards ceremony.

Track listing

Personnel

Lamb of God
Chris Adler – drums
Willie Adler – rhythm guitar
Randy Blythe – vocals
Mark Morton – lead guitar
John Campbell – bass guitar

Additional personnel
Produced and mixed by Josh Wilbur
Engineered by Dave Holdredge, Paul Saurez
Mastered by Brian Gardner

Charts

References

2009 albums
Lamb of God (band) albums
Roadrunner Records albums
Epic Records albums


Petrus Hubertus "Pierre" Massy (3 February 1900 – 3 August 1958) was a Dutch footballer who earned 12 caps for the Dutch national side between 1926 and 1928, scoring three goals, and participated at the 1928 Summer Olympics. He played club football for RVV Roermond.

References

External links
Player profile at FIFA
 Player profile at VoetbalStats.nl

1900 births
1958 deaths
Dutch men's footballers
Netherlands men's international footballers
Olympic footballers for the Netherlands
Footballers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
People from Roermond
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Limburg (Netherlands)


Save Us From Our House! is a Canadian reality series, which premiered on W Network in Canada in 2005. The series was produced by General Purpose Pictures.

The program focused on families who were suffering interpersonal tensions due to their living spaces. A licensed psychotherapist (Hina Khan) counseled the family through their relationship difficulties, while a construction contractor (Scott Puddicombe in the first season, Dylan Marcel for the remainder of the series) remodeled the home into a more welcoming and family-oriented living space.

The series also aired on HGTV in the United States.

The program's theme song was an instrumental portion of Spirit of the West's 1990 single "Save This House".

References

External links

Home renovation television series
2005 Canadian television series debuts
2010 Canadian television series endings
2000s Canadian reality television series
2010s Canadian reality television series
Canadian dating and relationship reality television series
W Network original programming


Guelph General Hospital is a medical care facility in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. It is a 182-bed facility with a total staff of about 1600.
The facility opened as a 12-bed unit on 16 August 1875.

This hospital rated as one of the safest in Canada in terms of the hospital standardized mortality ratio (the lower the better) at 78 in 2017, compared to the national average of 91. Also in 2017, the facility was among the best in Ontario in terms of wait times at the Emergency department.

References

External links
Guelph General Hospital
The Foundation of Guelph General Hospital at Canada Revenue Agency

Hospitals in Ontario
Hospitals established in 1875
Buildings and structures in Guelph


In statistical mechanics, the hard hexagon model is a 2-dimensional lattice model of a gas, where particles are allowed to be on the vertices of a triangular lattice but no two particles may be adjacent.

The model was solved by , who found that it was related to the Rogers–Ramanujan identities.

The partition function of the hard hexagon model

The hard hexagon model occurs within the framework of the grand canonical ensemble, where the total number of particles (the "hexagons") is allowed to vary naturally, and is fixed by a chemical potential. In the hard hexagon model, all valid states have zero energy, and so the only important thermodynamic control variable is the ratio of chemical potential to temperature μ/(kT). The exponential of this ratio, z = exp(μ/(kT)) is called the activity and larger values correspond roughly to denser configurations.

For a triangular lattice with N sites, the grand partition function is

where g(n, N) is the  number of ways of placing n particles on distinct lattice sites such that no 2 are adjacent. The function κ is defined by

so that log(κ) is the free energy per unit site. Solving the hard hexagon model means (roughly) finding an exact expression for κ as a function of z.

The mean density ρ is given for small z by

The vertices of the lattice fall into 3 classes numbered 1, 2, and 3, given by the 3 different ways to fill space with hard hexagons. There are 3 local densities ρ1, ρ2, ρ3, corresponding to the 3 classes of sites. When the activity is large the system approximates one of these 3 packings, so the local densities differ, but when the activity is below a critical point the three local densities are the same.  The critical point  separating the low-activity homogeneous phase from the high-activity ordered phase is  with golden ratio φ. Above the critical point the local densities  differ and in the phase where most hexagons are on sites of type 1 can be expanded as

Solution
The solution is given for small values of z < zc by

where

For large z > zc the solution (in the phase where most occupied sites have type 1) is given by

The functions G and H turn up in the Rogers–Ramanujan identities, and the function Q is the Euler function, which is closely related to the Dedekind eta function. If x = e2πiτ, then x−1/60G(x), x11/60H(x), x−1/24P(x), z, κ, ρ, ρ1,  ρ2, and ρ3 are modular functions of τ, while x1/24Q(x) is a modular form of weight 1/2. Since any two modular functions are related by an algebraic relation, this implies that the functions κ, z, R, ρ are all algebraic functions of each other (of quite high degree) . In particular, the value of κ(1), which Eric Weisstein dubbed the hard hexagon entropy constant , is an algebraic number of degree 24 equal to 1.395485972... ().

Related models
The hard hexagon model can be defined similarly on the square and honeycomb lattices. No exact solution is known for either of these models, but the critical point zc is near  for the square lattice and  for the honeycomb lattice; κ(1) is approximately 1.503048082... () for the square lattice and 1.546440708... for the honeycomb lattice .

References

 Exton, H. (1983), q-Hypergeometric Functions and Applications, New York:  Halstead Press, Chichester: Ellis Horwood

External links

Exactly solvable models
Statistical mechanics
Lattice models
Modular forms
Algebraic numbers


The men's 100 kg powerlifting event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was contested on 16 September at the Beihang University Gymnasium in Beijing, China. This event was the second-heaviest of the men's powerlifting weight classes, limiting competitors to a maximum of  of body mass. Powerlifters were divided into two groups, A and B, with group B beginning their lifts at 13:00 and group A at 13:45.

As with all Paralympic powerlifting events, lifters competed in the bench press. Each athlete was allowed three attempts to bench press as much weight as possible. Athletes attempting to break a record were allowed a fourth attempt. For the attempt to be valid, the competitor must have lowered the weighted bar to his chest, held it motionless for a moment, then pressed the bar upwards until his arms were fully extended. If the competitor failed to meet these requirements or any other rule infraction was committed, the attempt was declared invalid by a team of three referees and the result struck from the record.

Results

Key: WR=World record

References

Men's 100 kg


Eforia Spitalelor Civile () was a non-profit organization which managed hospitals in Wallachia and Moldavia. Created by general Pavel Kiselyov in 1832, the organization survived until 1948, when it was abolished by the communist authorities. Initially, by General Kiselyov's decree of April 2, 1832, the board had the authority of managing the , Pantelimon, and Filantropia hospitals in Bucharest. In the course of time, it created and managed other hospitals, mainly in Wallachia, but also in Moldavia.

The Board was reorganized on October 2, 1864, when new legislation required the board's budget to be submitted to parliament's approval and that the accounting be done according to government regulations and subject of the control of the Court of Accounts ("Curtea de conturi").

To finance the hospitals, the board had been endowed with land property, a significant part located in the territories of the former Turkish rayas. By 1921 it had a property of tens of thousands hectares of farm land and over  of forests. After the 1921 agrarian reform, the Board retained its right on the payments for oil extraction from its former properties. The board also owned several important buildings in Bucharest and several hotels in Sinaia.

Building
The building where Eforia Civil Hospitals functioned was located on Elisabeth Boulevard in Bucharest and built between 1885 and 1886 in neoclassical style. During the 1944 bombing, the building lost its roof, being renovated and upgraded after the war.

Starting with 1950, the building hosted the People's Council of V.I. Lenin Raion. The superposing  works were started, however they were  completed only in the western wing. In the 1960s, the palace became the headquarters of the People's Council of the 5th Sector, and after the Romanian Revolution of 1989, the Bucharest 5th Sector City Hall. As a result of the continuous degradation of the building, in 2013 the headquarters of the city hall moved, the building being consolidated. In 2015, the City Hall of Bucharest submitted the project for consolidation, rehabilitation, extension and restoration of the façade, an investment with the cost of €17,735,470 and to be completed in 2 years. However, so far, this process has not begun.

References

Hospitals in Romania
Medical and health foundations


Paul Edward Galanti (born July 11, 1939) is a retired Commander in the United States Navy and Naval Aviator.  Serving on active duty from 1962 to 1982, he was a Prisoner of War from 1966 to 1973 during the Vietnam War. He was also a member of the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth, and the 2nd commissioner of the Virginia Department of Veterans Services.  He was married to the former Phyllis Eason, who died on April 23, 2014. He has two grown sons.

Career
Galanti grew up in an Army family; his relatives had served in Japan, France, Turkey and Germany. He graduated from Valley Forge Military Academy in 1957 and the U. S. Naval Academy in 1962, where he was the president of his class. Upon graduation, he immediately entered Navy flight training at Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Florida. Following completion of advanced jet training in November 1963, he became a jet flight instructor in Pensacola as a Selective Retrained Graduate (SERGRAD) of flight training. The following year, he completed fleet replacement training in the A-4 Skyhawk at Attack Squadron 125 (VA-125) at Naval Air Station Lemoore, California.  In November 1964, he joined Attack Squadron 216 (VA-216), home based at NAS Lemoore.  The squadron was part of a carrier air wing aboard the aircraft carrier, , which departed for Southeast Asia in November 1965. Galanti flew 97 combat missions in his A-4C Skyhawk before being shot down and captured on June 17, 1966. He remained a prisoner of war of the North Vietnamese for nearly seven years and was released on February 12, 1973.

Following rehabilitation at Naval Hospital Portsmouth, he was assigned to Naval Recruiting District Richmond in Richmond, Virginia as its new executive officer. In May 1976, he received a Master of Commerce degree (MBA) from the University of Richmond after two years of night school. He then became commanding officer of the Naval Recruiting District Richmond. In July 1979, he moved to Annapolis, to become part of the Office of the Commandant at the Naval Academy, which was responsible for the military and leadership training of over approximately 4000 academy midshipmen. Additionally, he became faculty advisor to the Brigade of Midshipmen Drum & Bugle Corps, the Lucky Bag (Academy yearbook), and the Midshipmen Honor Committee.

After being medically retired from the Navy in 1983, he became the first non-pharmacist executive director of the Virginia Pharmaceutical Association. Joining the Medical Society of Virginia staff in September 1991, Galanti became the executive vice president of the society on January 1, 1993. In both organizations, he used his computer expertise to vault them into the forefront nationally for association automation. In 2000, he was the Virginia campaign director for Senator John McCain's presidential bid.  In 2004, Galanti participated in the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth's ad campaign targeted at then-presidential contender John Kerry. He also worked with Senator McCain again on the senator's presidential bid in 2008.

He is the former president of the Virginia Aviation Foundation, the former president of the Science Museum of Virginia Foundation, the former president of Nam-POWs, a member of the national Vietnam POW Fraternity, and an elder at First Presbyterian Church in Richmond, Virginia. Additionally, he serves on the Secretary of Veterans Affairs' Advisory Committee on Former POWs. He is currently active in the American Ex-Prisoners of War service organization. The Virginia War Memorial in Richmond has an education wing named, "The Paul & Phyllis Galanti Education Center," where he serves as commissioner. In 2009, Paul was appointed as the 2nd commissioner of the Virginia Department of Veterans Service.

Recognition
Galanti's decorations from his time in the Navy include the Silver Star, combat awards of two Legions of Merit and the Bronze Star Medal, nine combat Air Medals, and two Purple Hearts. Galanti has appeared in several documentary films including the Discovery Channel's Emmy Award-winning "Vietnam POWs, Stories of Survival" and Public Television's "Return With Honor." He was also inducted into the Virginia Aviation Hall of Fame in November 2005 on the basis of his career, and a replica of his A-4C from VA-216 is on display at the Virginia Aviation Museum in Richmond. Galanti appeared on the covers of Life (October 20, 1967) and Newsweek (February 26, 1973) and in the August 19, 1999 issue of Time. Selling Power highlighted his success story in a six-page motivation section, "Never Give Up, Never Give In", in its May/June 1996 issue. It also chose him as one of the twelve outstanding motivators in the United States in September 1996.

References

External links
Swift Vets and POWs for Truth
Paul E. Galanti bio on Vietnam POW Home Page
Commissioner Galanti's bio on the Virginia Department of Veteran Services Page
The Paul & Phyllis Galanti Education Center

1939 births
Living people
Valley Forge Military Academy and College alumni
United States Naval Academy alumni
United States Navy officers
United States Naval Aviators
United States Navy personnel of the Vietnam War
Recipients of the Air Medal
Vietnam War prisoners of war
Recipients of the Silver Star
University of Richmond alumni
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
2004 United States presidential election
John Kerry


Spiteri is a common Maltese surname. There are two theories regarding the origin of this surname. One theory states that it has derived from the Italian word Ospitalieri, meaning Hospitallers.  Another theory states that the surname has derived from the latin term Spatharius,  meaning sword-bearer. Notable people with the surname include:

Amanda Spiteri Grech, Maltese politician
Andreas Spiteri, (born 1998), CEO and entrepreneur
Carm Lino Spiteri (1932–2008), Maltese architect and politician
Dalila Spiteri (born 1997), Italian tennis player
Donat Spiteri (1922–2011), Maltese religious leader and author
Joe Spiteri (born 1973), Maltese Australian footballer
Joseph Spiteri (born 1959), Maltese prelate
Joseph M. Spiteri (1934–2013), Maltese architect
Kirsten Spiteri (born 1987), Maltese writer
Lino Spiteri (1938–2014), Maltese writer and politician
Mary Spiteri (born 1947), Maltese cabaret artiste
Michael Spiteri (born 1969), Maltese footballer
Oliver Spiteri (born 1970), Maltese football manager and former player
Renzo Spiteri, Maltese musician
Sharleen Spiteri (born 1967), Scottish singer-songwriter; guitarist; lead vocalist of the pop-rock band Texas
Sharleen Spiteri (died 2005), Australian sex worker
Stephen C. Spiteri (born 1963), Maltese military historian
Stephen Spiteri (Maltese politician)
Suzanne Spiteri (born 1978), Maltese sprinter
Vicente Spiteri (1917–2003), Spanish conductor
Myriam Spiteri Debono (born 1952), Maltese politician
Ernest Spiteri-Gonzi (born 1955), Maltese footballer
Miguel Juan Spiteri (born 2003), Maltese footballer

References

Maltese-language surnames


George Sinclair (c. 1580–1612) was a Scottish mercenary who fought and died in the Kalmar War. He is remembered in popular song in Norway and the Faroe Islands, through the ballad Sinklars Visa.

Biography

George Sinclair was a nephew of George Sinclair, 5th Earl of Caithness. He was educated at Edinburgh High School and in 1595 participated in a mutiny which ended after the city officers stormed the school; according to a Norwegian source Sinclair shot a bailie with a pistol.

James VI and I, the brother-in-law of Christian IV of Denmark, forbade Scottish mercenaries from joining the Swedes in the Kalmar War (1611-1613), but Sinclair and his men, led by Lieutenant-Colonel Alexander Ramsay went to Rumsdalen in Norway anyway, where they landed on 19 or 20 August 1612, in two ships and with around 300 men. Soon after they landed they were engaged by a Norwegian militia of farmers, with only a few Scotsmen escaping with their lives, in what became known as the Battle of Kringen.< Sinclair was shot by Berdon Segelstad, a Norwegian militiaman, with a silver button. He was buried in Kvam, at the old church, and a memorial stone put over his grave remains there still.

Legacy
Sinclair's story, as Sinklars Visa, is memorialized in folk songs in Norway and in one of the Kvæði, the ballads of Faroese folk culture. Faroese folk metal band Týr adapted Sinklars Visa for a modern metal audience; the song is an audience favorite.

Sinclair is also remembered in the poem "The Ballad of George Sinclair" translated into English from the original Danish/Norwegian and written by Edvard Storm, in 1781.

Childe Sinclair and his menyie steered
Across the salt sea waves;
But at Kringellens' mountain gorge
They filled untimely graves.

They crossed the stormy waves so blue,
for Swedish gold to fight;
May burning curses on them fall
That strike not for the right!

The horned moon is gleaming red,
The waves are rolling deep;
A mermaid trolled her demon lay -
Childe Sinclair woke from sleep.

Turn round, turn round thou Scottish youth,
Or loud thy sire shall mourn;
For if thou touchest Norway's strand,
Thou never shall return.

Henrik Wergeland wrote a historical tragedy of the incident, Sinklars Død (Death of Sinclair), in about 1840. Wergeland also refers to the battle in his poem "Norges Fjelde" ("mountains of Norway"), where he calls the lumber barricade used in the ambush a "barricade of freedom". Wergeland's tragedy, in turn, was one of the inspirations for Henrik Ibsen's first play, Catiline.

Victorian antiquarians, in the late 19th century, named the "Sinclair Hilt" for George Sinclair, using it to denote Scandinavian swords that "bear a certain resemblance" to swords used in the Scottish Highlands in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Captured Scottish weapons, including a pistol, a lochabar axe and several basket hilt claymores, were put on display at the Gudbrandsdal Museum, Kvam, to commemorate the battle.

References

External links
Herr Sinklar sung by people from the island of Nólsoy

Births circa 1580
1612 deaths
People from Caithness
Scottish mercenaries
Expatriates in Sweden
Expatriates from the Kingdom of Scotland
Scottish soldiers
People educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh
Scottish pre-union military personnel killed in action
17th-century Scottish people
17th-century soldiers
George Sinclair
Deaths by firearm in Norway


A PubCast is an audiobook-style, abridged and annotated reading of a research article, usually recorded by the author. Several academic journals have shown support for PubCasts, linking directly to them below the abstracts of published articles, including Facets, Fisheries Research, and People and Nature.

Variation
The term pubcast could be used to denote an online presentation that includes the combination of video with a published research article. This is accomplished by using an in-browser  application software that enables the ability to select particular portions of the published article to be displayed at particular points in a video timeline.  The result is a synchronized presentation posted online.

The term pubcast could be used as a colloquialism to describe a video conference session in an unlikely place, such as a pub. The session is intended to include a remote participant in a social event.

The term Pubcast could be used to describe a Podcast that is primarily or entirely recorded in a pub.

History
The term as described above was coined by Dr. Hannah L. Harrison and Dr. Philip Loring of the University of Guelph with the release of their first PubCast in 2019 as a product of the Coastal Routes Network.

The term is believed to have been used prior by Phil Bourne, co-founder of SciVee, a web 2.0 a science video sharing website in early 2007.

Christophe Delire is conceiver of the PostModemArt WebOpera. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-303q0ttFE (postmodemart) and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XY5bwete0i8 (webopera)
Christophe uses pubcast.be since 2007 to make realtime exhibitions where information is played "live" and dynamically on a vertical time line (like a blog).

References

External links
 The Coastal Routes Network
 a pubcast definition
 how a pubcast is created
 example of a pubcast

Presentation


Bukata may refer to several places:

Buq'ata, Golan Heights
Bukata, Bulgaria


Felix Smeets (29 April 1904 – 14 March 1961) was a Dutch footballer who earned 14 caps for the Netherlands national side between 1927 and 1927, scoring 7 goals. He was also part of the Netherlands squad at the 1928 Summer Olympics, but did not play in any matches.

References

External links
Player profile at FIFA
 Player profile at VoetbalStats.nl
 Player profile at Weltfußball.de
  Geschiedenis van HBS Haagse Voetbal-, Cricket- en Hockeyvereniging "HOUDT BRAEF STANT"

1904 births
1961 deaths
Dutch men's footballers
Netherlands men's international footballers
Olympic footballers for the Netherlands
Footballers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Footballers from The Hague
HBS Craeyenhout players
Men's association football forwards


The Giurgeni–Vadu Oii Bridge () is a bridge in Romania, over the Danube river, between Giurgeni commune and Vadu Oii village on the DN2A (E60) national road. Situated on River - Km 237,8, it connects the regions of Muntenia and Dobruja.

The bridge, constructed as a steel girder bridge, is  in total length, with three central spans of  each and other two spans of , beside to two viaducts with 16 spans of .

See also
European route E60
Roads in Romania
List of bridges in Romania

References

External links

Bridges at the Danube at danubecommission.org

Bridges in Romania
Bridges over the Danube
Buildings and structures in Constanța County
Buildings and structures in Ialomița County
Bridges completed in 1970


The Myth of Male Power: Why Men are the Disposable Sex is a 1993 book by Warren Farrell, in which the author argues that the widespread perception of men having inordinate social and economic power is false, and that men are systematically disadvantaged in many ways.

Like Herb Goldberg's The Hazards of Being Male, Farrell's The Myth of Male Power is considered a standard of the men's movement, and has been translated into several languages, including German and Italian.

Defining male power and powerlessness

In The Myth of Male Power, Warren Farrell offered his first in-depth outline of the thesis he would eventually apply in his subsequent books—books on communication (Women Can’t Hear What Men Don’t Say), parenting (Father and Child Reunion), and the workplace (Why Men Earn More).

As The Myth of Male Power's title implies, Farrell challenges the belief that men have the power by challenging the definition of power. Farrell defines power as "control over one's life." He writes that, "In the past, neither sex had power; both sexes had roles: women's role was [to] raise children; men's role was [to] raise money."

One of the examples that Farrell uses to illustrate male powerlessness is male-only draft registration.  He writes that if any other single group (the examples he lists are Jews, African-Americans, and women) were selected based on their birth characteristics to be the only group required by law to register for potential death, we would call it anti-Semitism, racism or genocidal sexism. Men, he says, have been socialized to call it "glory" and "power," and as a result do not view this as a negative.

Farrell contends that this viewpoint creates psychological problems for both sexes: that "men's weakness is their facade of strength; women's strength is their facade of weakness."  He adds that societies have generally socialized boys and men to define power as, in essence, "feeling obligated to earn money someone else spends while we die sooner." Feeling obligated, he contends, is not power.

Critical responses
Academic Kenneth Clatterbaugh, in an overview of literature of the men's movement, comments that "eventually, [Farrell's] arguments reach absurd heights, as when Farrell actually argues against sexual harassment laws and child molestation laws on the grounds that they give even more power (to abuse men) to (women) employees and children".

Feminist social critic Camille Paglia, writing for The Washington Post, says The Myth of Male Power "attacks the unexamined assumptions of feminist discourse with shocking candor and forces us to see our everyday world from a fresh perspective", though she added that Farrell is sometimes guilty of "questionable selectiveness or credulity about historical sources". Paglia nevertheless concludes that the book "is the kind of original, abrasive, heretical text that is desperately needed to restore fairness and balance to the present ideology-sodden curriculum of women's studies courses."

Reviewer Robert Winder describes the book as "shock-horror hyperbole posing as scholarship" and goes on to write "Farrell might be right to see the gender conflict as a war to which only one side has turned up, but this is only a sarcastic way of confessing to an authentic male worry: the twinge of jealousy men sometimes feel when confronted by feminine solidarity. Farrell, however, just like some of his female opposite numbers, prefers accusation to self-examination".

Linda Mealey notes that the book is recommended reading for educators in the social sciences, particularly gender studies; she does also critique Farrell for easily seeing causality in correlation.

Academic Margot Mifflin writes that "most of Farrell’s tit-for-tat theories about man’s greater societal burden are slanted, self-serving, and absurdly simplistic."

Anthropologist Melvin Konner writes that, like Christina Hoff Sommers' Who Stole Feminism? (1994), The Myth of Male Power is a good antidote to the way in which "real knowledge about sex roles...tends to get buried in postmodernist rhetoric."

The Los Angeles Times notes that "some critics say 'The Myth of Male Power' goes beyond the nurturing rituals of the male movement to mount an outright assault on the victories of the modern women's movement."

The book includes several factual errors concerning murderer Laurie Dann, who is used as an example of violence against men by women. He claimed, erroneously, that all of Dann's victims were male, that she had burned down a Young Men's Jewish Council, had burned two boys in a basement, had shot her own son and had justified the murder of Nick Corwin by claiming he was a rapist. Men's rights activists, academics, and the media have repeated Farrell's errors and conclusion. Farrell later issued a partial correction on his web site.

See also

 Men's Rights Movement
 John Gray
 Ken Wilber
 Richard Bolles
 The Manipulated Man

Notes

References

External links

 The Myth of Male Power Site
 Warren Farrell Profile Page at BigSpeak

1993 non-fiction books
American non-fiction books
Books by Warren Farrell
Criticism of feminism
English-language books
Men's rights
Philosophy of life
Masculist books


Nicolaus Schuback (February 18, 1700, Jork – July 28, 1783, Hamburg) was a lawyer from Germany. In the time from October 29, 1754 till August 28, 1782 he was mayor of Hamburg. Upon his death his family minted a special coin which was given to the people who attended the funeral.

See also
 List of mayors of Hamburg

References

Sources

1700 births
1783 deaths
Mayors of Hamburg
University of Jena alumni
University of Göttingen alumni
Grand burghers of Hamburg
18th-century jurists


Iowa Highway 220 (Iowa 220) is a short state highway through the Amana Colonies in east-central Iowa.  Along with U.S. Highway 6 (US 6) and US 151, it is part of the circuitous Amana Colonies Trail scenic byway.  Iowa 220 begins at US 6 in South Amana and ends at US 151 in Amana.

Route description
Iowa Highway 220 begins at an intersection with US 6 in South Amana  It heads north into South Amana where it goes through an S-curve before crossing an Iowa Interstate Railroad line.  North of South Amana, Iowa 220 crosses the Iowa River and Mill Race, which powered mills in the Amana Colonies.

At West Amana, Iowa 220 turns east onto an east–west alignment.  It moves through High Amana and turns to the south-southeast towards Middle Amana, where it passes the Amana Corporation manufacturing facility.  From Middle Amana, it turns to the northeast and then to the east as it enters Amana, ending at a four-way stop with US 151.

History
Iowa 220 was created in the early 1930s as a spur route from West Amana to Amana.  By 1947, Iowa 220 ran from South Amana to Amana along the current extent of the route.  However, the route continued east for  where it ended at East Amana and south for  to Upper South Amana.  At its longest, the route was  long.  The western end of the route was pulled back to its current western end in 1976.  Four years later, its eastern end was truncated back to the intersection with Iowa 149 in Amana.  In 1985, Iowa 149 was replaced by US 151 between Cedar Rapids and Interstate 80.

Major intersections

References

External links

220
Transportation in Iowa County, Iowa


GRB 080913 was a gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed on September 13, 2008. The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst satellite made the detection, with follow-up and additional observations from ground-based observatories and instruments, including the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) and the Very Large Telescope. At 12.8 billion light-years and redshift of 6.7, the burst was the most distant GRB observed until GRB 090423 on April 23, 2009. This stellar explosion occurred around 825 million years after the Big Bang.

References

External links
 IAUC
 A Brief History of High-Energy (X-ray & Gamma-Ray) Astronomy

Eridanus (constellation)
080913
20080913
September 2008 events