Tennessee Military Institute (TMI) was a military academy in Sweetwater, Tennessee.

Sweetwater Military College

The school was founded as Sweetwater Military College in 1874 by J. Lynn Bachman, a Presbyterian minister, with the avowed purpose of providing a place "where young men could have good educational advantages under safe and wholesome influences." The campus was originally located in a small building, which no longer exists, on College Street in Sweetwater. Bachman remained president until 1902, when he was replaced by Col. O. C. Hulvey. Hulvey's former residence is now owned by a private individual and houses a small TMI museum.

Tennessee Military Institute

The name of the school was changed to Tennessee Military Institute in 1909. It was known by this name for most of its life. Due to the "TMI" acronym, it was often jokingly referred to as "Ten Million Idiots" by locals and students alike. 1909 was also when the school moved to its final campus, which eventually consisted of thirteen buildings mostly contained in a single quadrangle surrounding a courtyard, and which was located on 144 acres (58 ha) on U.S. Route 11. U.S. Army officers began directing military instruction in 1911. ROTC began in 1918 after World War I, as Hulvey's tenure as president ended.

Col. C.R. Endsley was TMI's longest serving president, from 1918 to 1956. He was succeeded by his son and namesake, Col. C.R. Endsley Jr. Endsley Jr. was one of the school's longest-serving administrators, serving as commandant from 1934 to 1956, as president from 1956 to 1971, and as head of the chemistry and physics department from 1971 to 1981. Thomas C. Dula succeeded Endsley Jr. as president, serving until the school went coed in 1973, when Sanford Gray became president, a role he filled until the school's closing. Col. C.W. Price was another of the school's longest-serving administrators, serving as vice-president from 1920 to 1966. David N. McQuiddy was another, who served TMI from 1937 to 1981 as Latin and English headmaster, admissions director, director of testing, and special advisor to the guidance department. TMI's sports teams were called the Eagles, and their colors were orange and blue.

TMI Academy

In 1975, the school ceased being a military academy, becoming a traditional secondary school/college preparatory school, though still a boarding school. To reflect this, the name of the school was changed to TMI Academy. Curriculum started as early as fifth grade some years, continuing through twelfth grade. Some years a "post-graduate" curriculum was also offered. Due to financial problems, TMI finally closed for good in 1988 after 114 years of continuous operation. This was in spite of financial backing from actor Burt Reynolds, whose nephew attended the school.

Tennessee Meiji Gakuin High School

The campus was acquired by Tennessee Meiji Gakuin High School (テネシー明治学院高等部, Teneshī Meiji Gakuin Kōtōbu, TMG) and opened as such in 1989. The purpose of the school was to provide a Japanese-style education for the children of Japanese persons temporarily living in the United States. Due to declining enrollment, in large part caused by the September 11 attacks, TMG closed in 2007.

Later years

In 2011, the campus was given as a gift to a group called the Sweet Water Sustainability Institute. The validity of this transaction was later successfully challenged in court, and ownership of the property was transferred to Enota Institute Inc.

The campus has been vacant since 2007, and the buildings have fallen into disrepair. In 2015, the campus was included on the annual "Endangered Heritage" list of the East Tennessee Preservation Alliance as an endangered historic building and/or place. Not surprisingly based on its age, the abandoned campus has drawn the attention of devotees of the supernatural.

In April 2017, Paul Gaffney, formerly of the Harlem Globetrotters, announced plans to acquire the campus and open the Gaffney Athletics Prep Academy. According to Gaffney, it would be the first charter high school to combine an emphasis on athletics with science, technology, engineering, and math, with projected enrollment of 600 students. However, these plans quickly fell through.

A fire was reported on the campus on May 7, 2020, causing further damage.

Notable alumni

 D. Mead Johnson, chief executive of Mead Johnson (a dormitory at the school carried his name)
 North Callahan, American journalist, historian, and scholar
 Butch Baker, country music singer (he performed at the TMG grand opening)
 Jay Baker (Butch's younger brother), actor and television host
 James Emmert, Indiana Attorney General and Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court
 Dale Jones, American football coach
 Weston Ochse, internationally award-winning author
 A.R. Casavant, marching band director and originator of Precision Drill, who credited his training at TMI for first introducing him to military drill movement.

References

Educational institutions established in 1874
Educational institutions disestablished in 1988
Buildings and structures in Monroe County, Tennessee
Defunct schools in Tennessee
Education in Monroe County, Tennessee
1874 establishments in Tennessee


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Kings County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Kings County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map.

There are 4 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Kings County, California

References

Kings


Dallas Athletic Club, known as DAC, is a private country club located in Dallas, Texas. It was founded in 1919, and was originally located in its own building at the corner of St. Paul and Live Oak streets in downtown Dallas. In 1954, freeway expansion in Dallas forced the club to relocate.  It then purchased 317 acres of land to the east of Dallas, located near what is now the northwest corner of the eastern intersection of Interstate 30 and Interstate 635 (Texas) near Mesquite, Texas, a Dallas suburb. The club then became more focused on golf and tennis, whereas the downtown location had included a barber shop, billiards, guest and residential suites, ballrooms, dining rooms, lounges, handball and squash courts, swimming pools and a health services department.

There are two golf courses at the club, the Blue Course and the Gold Course. Both courses, in their current form, were designed by Jack Nicklaus, who had won the 1963 PGA Championship, held at DAC. The Blue Course was originally designed by Ralph Plummer. Young Lee Trevino began in golf by caddying at the club in the mid-1950s.

References

External links
Official site

Buildings and structures in Dallas
Golf clubs and courses in Texas
1919 establishments in Texas
Sports venues completed in 1919


Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LA-SS-Az, LSZ) is an analog of LSD developed by the team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University. It was developed as a rigid analog of LSD with the diethylamide group constrained into an azetidine ring in order to map the binding site at the 5-HT2A receptor. There are three possible stereoisomers around the azetidine ring, with the (S,S)-(+) isomer being the most active, slightly more potent than LSD itself in drug discrimination tests using trained rats.

There have been several unconfirmed reports of lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide being synthesized in illicit laboratories and distributed on blotter paper or in liquid solution under names such as "diazedine" and "λ".

In 2013 LSZ also appeared on some designer drug and research chemical markets in the UK. LSZ later gained international popularity through a small cluster of mail-order novel psychedelic shops that appeared in 2012.

Legal status

On June 10, 2014 the UK Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) recommended that LSZ be specifically named in the UK Misuse of Drugs Act as a class A drug despite not identifying any harm associated with its use. The UK Home office accepted this advice and announced a ban of the substance to be enacted on 6 January 2015 as part of The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2014.

LSZ is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015, in Denmark as of May 2015, and in Sweden as of January 26, 2016.

See also
 Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
 1cP-LSD
 1B-LSD
 1P-LSD
 1V-LSD
 ALD-52
 1cP-AL-LAD
 AL-LAD
 ETH-LAD
 1P-ETH-LAD
 PRO-LAD
 LSM-775
 O-Acetylpsilocin (4-AcO-DMT)

References

Lysergamides
Azetidines
Designer drugs
Psychedelia
Serotonin receptor agonists


Otto Berg may refer to:

Otto Berg (athlete) (1906–1991), Norwegian long jumper
Otto Karl Berg (1815–1866), German botanist who named the Feijoa
Otto Berg (scientist) (1873–1939), German scientist who co-discovered Rhenium


Jiří Novák was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Paradorn Srichaphan.

Fernando González won in the final 6–7(8–10), 6–3, 7–5, 6–4, against Marcos Baghdatis.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half

External links
Draw
Qualifying draw

Singles


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Lassen County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Lassen County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map.

There are 7 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Lassen County, California

References

Lassen


Columbus Country Club is a country club located in Columbus, Ohio. The golf course at the club hosted the PGA Championship in 1964, which Bobby Nichols won.

References

External links
Official site

Buildings and structures in Columbus, Ohio
Golf clubs and courses in Ohio
Sports venues in Columbus, Ohio
Sports venues completed in 1907
1907 establishments in Ohio


Thomas Michael Sullivan is an actor, producer, and founding member of Stage13. He is executive producer of The Deertrees Theatre Festival now in its 10th year, bringing New York productions to the Lakes Region of Maine every August. Thomas has produced over 30 Equity showcases. Off-Broadway production credits include The Voyage of the Carcass by Dan O'Brien. In 2008, he joined as executive producer with London producers Rotozazza and The Foundry Theatre NYC to present Etiquette as part of The Public Theater’s Under the Radar Festival.  He started Studio13, a film production company, about to release the9tthdot, an interactive web series, and Hysterical Psycho, a feature horror film written and directed by Dan Fogler.  He originated and still produces "...a little bit louder", a weekly NYC poetry series that has won two National Slam Championships.

Theater

 American Clock by Arthur Miller
 Sight Unseen by Donald Marguiles
 Dr. Cooks Garden by Ira Levin
 Misery by Stephen King
 Someone Who'll Watch Over Me by Franj McGuinnes
 Cobb by Lee Blessing
 Line by Israel Horovitz
 Brilliant Traces by Cindy Lou Johnson
 Danny & The Deep Blue Seas by John Patrick Shanley
 Nuts & Bolts
 Love Letters by A.R. Gurney
 Sean in Kylenamoe
 Spare Tongues
 Voyage of the Carcass by Dan O'Brien

Filmography

Production
 Deertrees Theatre Festival
 Stage13
 Greenlight TheatreWorks
 13th Street Repertory
 LoveCreek Productions

References

External links

American film producers
American male actors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Department of Marine and Fisheries and the Naval Service was the department responsible for marine, fisheries and the Naval Service of Canada from 1911 to 1921.

The minister in charge was Minister of Marine and Fisheries and the Naval Service.

The department was originally the Department of Marine and Fisheries and added naval duties following the creation of NSC in 1911. In 1921, the naval component was transferred to the Department of Militia and Defence and the Naval Service and reverted to the old department name for the next decade.

Former Canadian federal departments and agencies


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Mono County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Mono County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map.

There are 5 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 1 National Historic Landmark.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Mono County, California

References

Mono


Stephen Clifford Derrett (born 16 October 1947) is a Welsh former professional footballer. During his career, he made over 200 appearances in the Football League and won four caps for Wales.

Career

A youth team player at the club, Steve Derrett began his career at Cardiff City, making his first team debut in a European Cup Winners Cup match against NAC Breda in 1967. He went on to make his league debut in November of the same year in a match against Birmingham City and went on to establish himself in the side over the following years, including earning all of his four caps for Wales, two of which ended in heavy defeats against Scotland and Italy.

Derrett left Cardiff in 1972 to join Carlisle United but struggled to settle at Brunton Park and, after a short loan spell at Aldershot, moved on to Rotherham United the following year. He spent three years at Rotherham, making over 80 appearances, before returning to South Wales to sign for Newport County only for a knee injury two years into his spell there to end his professional career.

Honours
Cardiff City

 Welsh Cup Winner: 1
 1968–69

References

1947 births
Living people
Footballers from Cardiff
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's international footballers
Wales men's under-23 international footballers
Cardiff City F.C. players
Carlisle United F.C. players
Aldershot F.C. players
Rotherham United F.C. players
Newport County A.F.C. players
Barry Town United F.C. players
English Football League players
Men's association football defenders


The Laurel Valley Golf Club is an American golf club that is located just south of the Pittsburgh suburb of Ligonier, Pennsylvania.

History and notable features
Designed by Dick Wilson and renovated by Arnold Palmer, the Laurel Valley golf course opened in 1959. Since that time, the club has hosted two notable tournaments: the 1965 PGA Championship and the 1975 Ryder Cup.

Other tournaments played here include the 1989 U.S. Senior Open, the 2001 Marconi Pennsylvania Classic and the 2005 Senior PGA Championship. The 2023 Arnold Palmer Cup was also held at Laurel Valley.

Honors and other awards
Laurel Valley was ranked the 5th best golf course in Pennsylvania by Golf Digest.

Gallery

References

Golf clubs and courses in Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Ryder Cup venues
1959 establishments in Pennsylvania
Sports venues completed in 1959


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Plumas County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Plumas County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.

There are 6 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Plumas County, California

References

Plumas


Pulmonary hypoplasia is incomplete development of the lungs, resulting in an abnormally low number or small size of bronchopulmonary segments or alveoli.  A congenital malformation, it most often occurs secondary to other fetal abnormalities that interfere with normal development of the lungs.  Primary (idiopathic) pulmonary hypoplasia is rare and usually not associated with other maternal or fetal abnormalities.

Incidence of pulmonary hypoplasia ranges from 9–11 per 10,000 live births and 14 per 10,000 births.  Pulmonary hypoplasia is a relatively common cause of neonatal death.  It also is a common finding in stillbirths, although not regarded as a cause of these.

Causes
Causes of pulmonary hypoplasia include a wide variety of congenital malformations and other conditions in which pulmonary hypoplasia is a complication.  These include congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, fetal hydronephrosis, caudal regression syndrome, mediastinal tumor, and sacrococcygeal teratoma with a large component inside the fetus.  Large masses of the neck (such as cervical teratoma) also can cause pulmonary hypoplasia, presumably by interfering with the fetus's ability to fill its lungs.  In the presence of pulmonary hypoplasia, the EXIT procedure to rescue a baby with a neck mass is not likely to succeed.

Fetal hydrops can be a cause, or conversely a complication.

Pulmonary hypoplasia is associated with oligohydramnios through multiple mechanisms. Both conditions can result from blockage of the urinary bladder.  Blockage prevents the bladder from emptying, and the bladder becomes very large and full.  The large volume of the full bladder interferes with normal development of other organs, including the lungs.  Pressure within the bladder becomes abnormally high, causing abnormal function in the kidneys hence abnormally high pressure in the vascular system entering the kidneys.  This high pressure also interferes with normal development of other organs.  An experiment in rabbits showed that PH also can be caused directly by oligohydramnios.

Pulmonary hypoplasia is associated with dextrocardia of embryonic arrest in that both conditions can result from early errors of development, resulting in Congenital cardiac disorders.

PH is a common direct cause of neonatal death resulting from pregnancy induced hypertension.

Diagnosis
Medical diagnosis of pulmonary hypoplasia in utero may use imaging, usually ultrasound or MRI.  The extent of hypoplasia is a very important prognostic factor.  One study of 147 fetuses (49 normal, 98 with abnormalities) found that a simple measurement, the ratio of chest length to trunk (torso) length, was a useful predictor of postnatal respiratory distress.  In a study of 23 fetuses, subtle differences seen on MRIs of the lungs were informative.  In a study of 29 fetuses with suspected pulmonary hypoplasia, the group that responded to maternal oxygenation had a more favorable outcome.

Pulmonary hypoplasia is diagnosed also clinically.

Management
Management has three components:  interventions before delivery, timing and place of delivery, and therapy after delivery.

In some cases, fetal therapy is available for the underlying condition;  this may help to limit the severity of pulmonary hypoplasia.  In exceptional cases, fetal therapy may include fetal surgery.

A 1992 case report of a baby with a sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) reported that the SCT had obstructed the outlet of the urinary bladder causing the bladder to rupture in utero and fill the baby's abdomen with urine (a form of ascites).  The outcome was good.  The baby had normal kidneys and lungs, leading the authors to conclude that obstruction occurred late in the pregnancy and to suggest that the rupture may have protected the baby from the usual complications of such an obstruction.  Subsequent to this report, use of a vesicoamniotic shunting procedure (VASP) has been attempted, with limited success.

Often, a baby with a high risk of pulmonary hypoplasia will have a planned delivery in a specialty hospital such as (in the United States) a tertiary referral hospital with a level 3 neonatal intensive-care unit.  The baby may require immediate advanced resuscitation and therapy.

Early delivery may be required in order to rescue the fetus from an underlying condition that is causing pulmonary hypoplasia.  However, pulmonary hypoplasia increases the risks associated with preterm birth, because once delivered the baby requires adequate lung capacity to sustain life.  The decision whether to deliver early includes a careful assessment of the extent to which delaying delivery may increase or decrease the pulmonary hypoplasia.  It is a choice between expectant management and active management.    An example is congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation with hydrops;  impending heart failure may require a preterm delivery.  Severe oligohydramnios of early onset and long duration, as can occur with early preterm rupture of membranes, can cause increasingly severe PH;  if delivery is postponed by many weeks, PH can become so severe that it results in neonatal death.

After delivery, most affected babies will require supplemental oxygen.  Some severely affected babies may be saved with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Not all specialty hospitals have ECMO, and ECMO is considered the therapy of last resort for pulmonary insufficiency.  An alternative to ECMO is high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.

History
In 1908, Maude Abbott documented pulmonary hypoplasia occurring with certain defects of the heart.  In 1915, Abbott and J. C. Meakins showed that pulmonary hypoplasia was part of the differential diagnosis of dextrocardia.  In 1920, decades before the advent of prenatal imaging, the presence of pulmonary hypoplasia was taken as evidence that diaphragmatic hernias in babies were congenital, not acquired.

See also
 Pulmonary agenesis
 Potter sequence
 Prune belly syndrome

References

External links

Congenital disorders of respiratory system
Rare diseases


Manchu Manoj Kumar (born 20 May 1983) is an Indian actor who works in Telugu films. He first appeared at the age of ten as a child artist in Major Chandrakanth. He made his film debut in a leading role with Donga Dongadi in 2004. He received the state Nandi Special Jury Award for his performance in box-office success Bindaas (2010). He also starred in  Vedam (2010), Potugadu (2013), and Pandavulu Pandavulu Thummeda (2014).

Early life
Manchu Manoj was born on 20 May 1983, to film actor Mohan Babu and Nirmala Devi. He has an elder step-sister, Lakshmi, and step-brother, Vishnu, who are both actors and producers.

Career

Child actor
Manoj was familiar to the Telugu audience right from his childhood. He played many roles as a child actor in his own banner movies where his father Mohan Babu is shown as a child in flashbacks.

2004–present
He started his career as a hero in 2004 with a movie called Donga Dongadi. In 2005, he appeared in the movie Sri and next in Raju Bhai in 2007. His movie Nenu Meeku Telusa? was an average grosser, but was known for its melodious music. In 2009, his first movie Prayanam, under the direction of Chandra Sekhar Yeleti did moderately well. His first movie in 2010, Bindaas, turned out to be the biggest hit of his career. Another movie in 2010, Vedam, was a critical and commercial success. He gained accolades for his role in Vedam. In 2012, he starred in Mr. Nookayya and Uu Kodathara? Ulikki Padathara?. In March 2013, he announced 5 films. His subsequent releases were Potugadu, Pandavulu Pandavulu Tummeda and Current Theega.After taking a long break from films, on 20th January 2023, Manchu Manoj announced his first film in 6 years titled "What the fish" directed by Vishnu and produced by Six Studios.

Personal life
In May 2015, Manoj married his girlfriend Pranathi Reddy. He confirmed divorce from his wife in October 2019. On 3 March 2023, he remarried Bhuma Mounika Reddy, the youngest daughter of Bhuma Nagi Reddy and Shobha Nagi Reddy, both former Members of the Legislative Assembly. Mounika has a 5–6 years old son from her previous marriage.

Filmography

Initiatives

Manoj Kumar's Unity
In 2017, Manoj started a foundation called Manoj Kumar's Unity to collect funds for the development of farmers.

It works by way of one donor nominating others on social media to do so.

References

External links

Indian male film actors
Living people
1983 births
Nandi Award winners
People from Rayalaseema
People from Chittoor district


Kevin James Thompson (born July 27, 1977) is a former professional American football quarterback. He has played in the National Football League (NFL), NFL Europe, and the Arena Football League (AFL). He was a two-year starter at Penn State University. He signed as a free agent with the Cleveland Browns following the 2000 NFL draft and played there for one season.

High school career
Thompson played basketball and football at Damascus High School in Damascus, Maryland. He recorded more than 4,000 passing yards during his career there and helped lead the football team to two Maryland state football championships in 1993 and 1994.

College career
Thompson was a two-year starter at Penn State, he passed for six touchdowns as a junior in 1998 and led the Nittany Lions to a win over Kentucky in the Outback Bowl, in which he threw for 187 yards and a touchdown. As a senior, Thompson was a team captain and threw 13 touchdown passes and averaged 159.7 passing yards-per-game. He did not play in the Nittany Lions' 24-0 shutout of Texas A&M in the 1999 Alamo Bowl due to a shoulder injury sustained earlier in the week.

Professional football

National Football League
Thompson went unselected in the 2000 NFL draft. Later he signed with the Cleveland Browns. Following training camp, he earned a roster spot as a backup to quarterback Tim Couch. He played in the Browns' Week 14 loss to the Jacksonville Jaguars, but a December 2000 ankle injury ended his season, and he was placed on injured reserve.

The following spring the Browns allocated Thompson to NFL Europe, where he played for the Frankfurt Galaxy. He returned to the team for the 2001 training camp, but a knee injury sustained during camp required arthroscopic surgery forced him to spend the season on injured reserve. On December 18, 2001, he was signed to the Cincinnati Bengals' practice squad for the last three weeks of the regular season.

In January 2003, Thompson had rejoined the Browns and was listed as the Browns' third quarterback for the AFC Wild-Card game due to an injury to Couch. When he was not given a tender offer by the Browns the following spring, he a signed one-year contract with the Minnesota Vikings on March 31, only to be released during training camp.

Thompson spent the 2004 preseason with the New York Giants, and in February 2005 signed with the Buffalo Bills who then allocated him to the Cologne Centurions of NFL Europe. In his April 2, 2005, debut with the Centurions, he made 16-of-25 passes for 197 yards, two touchdowns and no interceptions against the Hamburg Sea Devils. He finished the season with 1,561 yards passing and 10 touchdowns. He then returned to the Bills for their 2005 training camp, but was waived on September 3.

Arena Football League
Thompson signed with the Los Angeles Avengers of the Arena Football League on March 2, 2006, and spent two seasons with the team.

Personal
He graduated from Penn State in 1999 with a Bachelor of Science in Kinesiology.

References

1977 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Gaithersburg, Maryland
Players of American football from Montgomery County, Maryland
People from Damascus, Maryland
American football quarterbacks
Penn State Nittany Lions football players
Cleveland Browns players
Frankfurt Galaxy players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Minnesota Vikings players
New York Giants players
Buffalo Bills players
Cologne Centurions (NFL Europe) players
Los Angeles Avengers players


Columbine Country Club is a premier private country club, located in Columbine Valley, Colorado a southern suburb minutes away from downtown Denver.  Established in 1955, the club and property is home to an 18-hole championship course originally designed by Henry Hughes, a links-style 9-hole par three course designed by von Hagge, Smelak, & Baril, seven tennis courts, and a family pool complex.  In 1967, Columbine was chosen to host the PGA Championship, where Don January beat out legends of the game Arnold Palmer and Jack Nicklaus to win the 49th edition of the major championship event.

In 2020 the par-72 golf course measures 7,427 yards from the championship tees.  In 2018, the club hired nationally recognized architect Rees Jones and co-designer Greg Muirhead to redesign and renovate the golf course.  In 2017, Columbine Country Club completed a $20-million 45,000 square foot construction of its new clubhouse facilities.

1967 PGA Championship

The 1967 PGA Championship was the 49th edition of this major, staged by the PGA of America.

 Winner: Don January, 281
 Where it was played: Columbine Country Club in Columbine Valley, Colorado
 Tournament dates: July 20–24, 1967
 Leader after first round: Dave Hill, 66
 Leader after second round: Tommy Aaron, 135
 Leader after third round: Dan Sikes, 209

Notable Notes: The last 18-hole playoff to take play in a PGA Championship happened here, and it was Don January who emerged the winner. January and Don Massengale tied for the 72-hole lead at 281, one stroke better than Jack Nicklaus and third-round leader Dan Sikes. In the playoff, January won by two strokes with a 69. It was January's only win in a major (he lost the 1961 PGA Championship in a playoff).

References

Buildings and structures in Arapahoe County, Colorado
Golf clubs and courses in Colorado
1955 establishments in Colorado
Sports venues completed in 1955


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Sierra County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Sierra County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.

There are 14 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Sierra County, California

References

Sierra


Eli is the fourth solo album by the Dutch guitarist Jan Akkerman. It appeared under the name "Jan Akkerman & Kaz Lux". The track "Strindberg" was written as a tribute to August Strindberg's works.  A departure from the progressive rock that Focus (Akkerman's previous band) produced, "Eli" is a concept album with elements of jazz, pop, and funk intermixed.  It won the Netherlands' Edison Award in 1976 for Best Album.

Track listing
  "Eli" 4:25
  "Guardian Angel" 4:58
  "Tranquillizer" 4:20
  "Can't Fake a Good Time" 5:25
  "There He Still Goes" 3:45
  "Strindberg" 3:06
  "Wings of Strings" 3:15
  "Naked Actress" 5:45
  "Fairytale" 3:45

Personnel
Kaz Lux - Vocals
Jan Akkerman - Guitars, Bass guitar
Jasper van 't Hof - Keyboards
Rick van der Linden - Keyboards
Warwick Reading - Bass guitar
Pierre van der Linden - Drums
Richard DeBois - Drums
Nippy Noya - Percussion
Margriet Eshuis - Backing vocals
Maggie MacNeal - Backing vocals
Patricia Paay - Backing vocals

References

1976 albums
Jan Akkerman albums
Atlantic Records albums


The Sudan Library is a section of the library of the University of Khartoum. It serves as the national library of Sudan and is also a university research library.

It is a depository of all Sudanese publications since a legal deposit act came into effect in 1966. The library also collects works of Sudanese authors and works about Sudan published abroad. Its catalogue represents a retrospective national bibliography.

See also
 National Records Office of Sudan

References

Sudan
Academic libraries
Libraries in Sudan
Deposit libraries


Pecan Valley Golf Club was a golf club in the southern United States, located in San Antonio, Texas. Opened in 1963, the golf course was designed by J. Press Maxwell and was renovated in 1998 by Bob Cupp. It hosted the PGA Championship in 1968, won by 48-year-old Julius Boros for his third major title.

Pecan Valley was the site of the Alamo Ladies' Open on the LPGA Tour (1963–1966), the Texas Open Invitational on the PGA Tour (1967–1970), and the U.S. Amateur Public Links in 2001.

Pecan Valley ceased operations in January 2012, the first major championship venue closed in the U.S. since Pomonok Country Club in Queens, New York, host of the PGA Championship in 1939, was sold in 1949. It is not known when play will be permitted again; development on a portion of the property began  Plans are for development of a new nine-hole par-3 course, built to championship golf standards and designed for people with limited mobility and provide specialized equipment.

References

Sports venues in San Antonio
Golf clubs and courses in Texas
1963 establishments in Texas
2012 disestablishments in Texas


The Jenny Lake Ranger Station Historic District comprises an area that was the main point of visitor contact in Grand Teton National Park from the 1930s to 1960. Located near Jenny Lake, the buildings are a mixture of purpose-built structures and existing buildings that were adapted for use by the National Park Service.  The ranger station was built as a cabin by Lee Mangus north of Moose, Wyoming about 1925 and was moved and rebuilt around 1930 for Park Service use. A store was built by a concessioner, and comfort stations were built to Park Service standard plans.  All buildings were planned to the prevailing National Park Service Rustic style, although the ranger station and the photo shop were built from parts of buildings located elsewhere in the park.

Ranger station
The ranger station was reconstructed from a cabin originally built by Lee Manges about 1925 which was acquired by the National Park Service in 1930 and moved to the present site. The small rectangular log cabin features a log pole front porch, with decorative half-log sheathing in a V-pattern on its gable.

Crandall Studio
The Crandall Photo Studio was built just east of String Lake in 1925-26 and moved to the Jenny Lake site after Harrison Crandall's property was purchased by the Park Service in 1931. The studio operated at Jenny Lake until 1958, when the Grand Teton Lodge Company bought out Crandall's concession contract. Crandall, a Kansan,  arrived in Jackson Hole in 1921. He returned the following year with his wife Hildegarde, and established a homestead claim in 1923 near the present Jenny Lake Lodge, where he built the cabin. Crandall sold scenic pictures of the Tetons as well as souvenir shots of dudes at the many dude ranches in Jackson Hole. Crandall also painted, his work appearing in magazines and collected by John D. Rockefeller Jr.

The studio-visitor center consists of two main rooms in a long, deep log structure, with a high open ceiling lighted by clerestory windows in roof monitors.

Comfort stations
The comfort stations were built in 1934 and 1935 from Park Service standard plans by Civilian Conservation Corps labor, based at Jenny Lake CCC Camp NP-4.

Present use
The district still serves as a point of visitor contact, but was superseded as the primary contact center with the construction of Mission 66 facilities at Moose, which themselves have recently been replaced by newer facilities. The Crandall Studio, formerly used is a book and gift store by the Grand Teton Association, as well as functioning as a small visitor center. The ranger station is no longer a primary visitor contact point, a function now fulfilled by the Crandall Studio, but the comfort stations remain in use. The ranger station is now used as a base for climbing rangers and to issue climbing permits. The district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 23, 1990.

See also
Manges Cabin
Historical buildings and structures of Grand Teton National Park

References

External links
Jenny Lake Historic District at Grand Teton National Park
Jenny Lake Ranger Station at the Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office

National Park Service rustic in Wyoming
Buildings and structures in Grand Teton National Park
Park buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming
National Park Service ranger stations
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming
National Register of Historic Places in Grand Teton National Park


Mitino () is a Moscow Metro station in the Mitino District, North-Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is located on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line between Volokolamskaya and Pyatnitskoye Shosse. Mitino opened on 26 December 2009.

References

Moscow Metro stations
Railway stations in Russia opened in 2009
Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line
Railway stations located underground in Russia


Voorschoten is a railway station in Voorschoten, South Holland, Netherlands.

History
The first station opened on 1 May 1843 on the Amsterdam–Rotterdam railway. A new station building opened in 1886 and was closed on 17 September 1944. The station re-opened in 1969 and a hexagonal shaped station building opened. A new station was opened in 1995. The train services are operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen.

Accidents and incidents

On 9 September 1926, a passenger train was derailed near Voorschoten. Four people were killed.

On 4 April 2023, a passenger train collided with a crane that was obstructing the line at Voorschoten. One person was killed. A freight train was also reported to have collided with the crane.

Train services
The following services currently call at Voorschoten:
2x per hour local service (sprinter) The Hague - Leiden - Schiphol - Duivendrecht - Hilversum - Utrecht
2x per hour local service (stoptrein) The Hague - Leiden - Haarlem

External links
NS website
Dutch Public Transport journey planner

References

Railway stations in South Holland
Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in 1843
Railway stations in the Netherlands closed in 1944
Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in 1969
Railway stations on the Oude Lijn
1843 establishments in the Netherlands
Voorschoten
Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in the 1960s


Auxanius was Bishop of Arles c. 543-c. 546. He was succeeded by Bishop Aurelian of Arles.  Auxanius received two letters from Pope Vigilius.  He is otherwise unknown.

Notes

References
  At Internet Archive

6th-century Frankish bishops


Eagle score is a five-point scoring system, used mainly for vascular patients, and allows for an accurate estimate of a patient's risk of dying during heart surgery.

Main risk factors
 Age > 70
 Angina
 Myocardial infarction (history or Q waves)
 Congestive cardiac failure
 Diabetes

Estimated mortality
0 factor: 3%
1-2 factors: 8%
3 factors: 18%

References

Medical scoring system


Moscow has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb) with warm to hot summers and long, cold, winters. Typical high temperatures in the warm months of June, July and August are around , but during heat waves, which can occur anytime from May to September, daytime temperature highs often top  for sometimes one or two weeks. In the winter, temperatures normally drop to approximately , though there can be periods of warmth with temperatures rising above . Summer lasts from mid-May to the beginning of September, and winter lasts from the beginning of November to the end of March. Humidity is high year-round, although it is lowest during the spring months.

More extreme continental climates at the same latitude- such as parts of Eastern Canada or Siberia- have much colder winters than Moscow, suggesting that there is still significant moderation from the Atlantic Ocean despite the fact that Moscow is far from the sea.

Monthly averages and records for Moscow

The highest temperature ever recorded was  on July 29, 2010, and minimum temperature recorded was . In 2007 three record highs for the month occurred – January , March , and May ; in 2008, there were new record highs for December and the entire winter: .  On July 23, 2010, the temperature reached  and continued to set record highs each following day until it finally reached  on July 29, 2010.  In November 2010 a new month record high of  occurred (after +12.6 in 1927).

Average annual temperature in Moscow is , but recently (2007, 2008, 2015) it has been higher than . In the first half of the 20th century, there was light night frost in late summer. 2020 become the warmest in the history of meteorological observations, the average annual temperature was  (while the monthly averages temperatures were above  even in March and November).

Monthly precipitation totals are moderately high throughout the year, although precipitation levels tend to be higher during the summer than during the winter. Due to the significant variation in temperature between the winter and summer months as well as the limited fluctuation in precipitation levels during the summer, Moscow is considered to have a continental climate with no true dry season.

Most of records and averages are given for VVC weather station, located in the North-Eastern administrative okrug of Moscow. The temperature from this station averages 0.5–1 °C lower than in the city center, and 0.5–2 °C higher than night minimums in the suburbs.

Type of precipitation

Most precipitation in Moscow falls as rain, but in winter months almost all precipitation falls as snow, forming firm snow cover. The last wet snow precipitation may be in the beginning of May, and it may restart at the end of September.

Snow cover

Snow cover (averaging 5–7 months per year) forms at the end of October and melts by the start of April, although in recent years has not lasted as long as usual.  For example, in the winter of 2006–2007 the snow cover didn't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007–2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008–2009 winter, snow cover didn't form until the end of December, which is two months later than usual.  Yet in 2011–2012 it melted in the middle of April.

Wind

Speed of wind
The average wind speed is very high. In the city it is near 5 metres per second; in open places and airports it may top 6 metres per second.

Wind Storms and Tornadoes
A few times per season, often in the May–September period during thunderstorms, wind speed may exceed 15–35 metres per second. The last powerful wind storm was in 1998, when wind speed was 30–35 metres per second. 157 persons were injured, 8 died, and 2157 buildings were damaged.

Tornadoes were recorded in 1904 and 1945 in Moscow and in 1970, 1971, the 1984 Yaroslavl tornado, 1987, 1994, and 1997 in Moscow Oblast 100 km south-east from Moscow (near Zaraysk), in 2005 in Dubna, and on 3 August 2007 in Krasnogorsk.

In the 3 June 2009 tornado, F3 registered near Sergiyev Posad, Moscow oblast.

Сloudiness and day light

Number of clear, cloudy and overcast days
On average Moscow has 1731 hours of sunshine in a year. In 2004–2008, near 1800–2000 hours.

Daylight, average number of hours/day
Duration of daylight depends on geographical position of Moscow. It varies from 7 hours 00 minutes on December 22 to 17 hours 34 minutes on June 22. The maximum height of the sun above the horizon is 11° on 22 December and 58° on 22 June.

Near the day of the summer solstice (June 22), the sun does not fall below −12°, thus the nautical twilight occurs throughout this period. Nevertheless, lighting of the navigational twilight is not enough for normal human activity, so the streets need artificial illumination, and it is believed that there are no so-called white nights in Moscow, although the sky remains dark blue, and not black, as, for example, in southern Russia.

See also

VVC weather station
Climate of Russia
1904 Moscow tornado
1984 Soviet Union tornado outbreak
2009 Krasnozavodsk tornado

References
 Calculator (The average air temperature, air rate and deviations from it)

Moscow
Geography of Moscow
Moscow


Top-left lighting is an artistic convention in which illustrations are produced so that the light appears to come from the top left of the picture.

The vertical element of the convention comes from the human intuition that sunlight comes from above. Most people prefer lighting from the left when resolving a convex–concave ambiguity, and this preference may be stronger for right-handed people.  This is reflected in Roman mosaics and in Renaissance, baroque and impressionist art.

In cartography, the predominant custom of placing the shadow on the right-hand side of hill profiles was established during the 15th century.  Computer interfaces tend to use top left lighting as well (cf. Windows 9x and macOS screenshot), although this trend has gradually shifted more towards light coming straight from the top (cf. Android key light.)

There are notable exceptions to this convention, such as Sandro Botticelli's The Birth of Venus due to the point of view which may represent geographical perspective and location.

Viewing images that do not conform to this convention may show a form of convex–concave ambiguity.

References

See also
 Key light

Artistic techniques


Baliya is a village in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 17512 living in 3294 individual households.

Formerly, Baliya  was a village development committee (VDC), which were local-level administrative units. In 2017, the government of Nepal restructured local government in line with the 2015 constitution and VDCs were discontinued.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


The Saturday Sessions: The Dermot O'Leary Show is a 2-disc compilation album of BBC Radio 2 popular music recordings, released in the United Kingdom in July 2007. Many of the artists featured were first introduced by English radio personality and television presenter, Dermot O'Leary.

Track listing
Disc 1
The Feeling - "Walk Like an Egyptian" (originally by The Bangles)
Lily Allen - "Everybody's Changing" (originally by Keane)
Amy Winehouse - "To Know Him Is to Love Him" (originally by The Teddy Bears)
The Raconteurs - "Steady, As She Goes"
Kasabian - "Pictures of Matchstick Men" (originally by Status Quo)
Kings of Leon - "On Call"
Manic Street Preachers - "Motorcycle Emptiness"
The New York Fund - "Nobody Home"
Gomez - "Wichita Lineman" (originally by Glen Campbell)
Massive Attack - "Live With Me"
Camera Obscura - "Super Trouper" (originally by ABBA)
KT Tunstall - "I Want You Back" (originally by The Jackson 5)
Jont - "Number 1" (originally by Goldfrapp)
Willy Mason - "Careless Whisper" (originally by Wham!)
Guillemots - "Made-Up Lovesong 43"
The Shins - "Breathe" (originally by Pink Floyd)
Nerina Pallot - "Confide in Me" (originally by Kylie Minogue)
The Electric Soft Parade - "Silent to the Dark"
The Thrills - "Nothing Changes Around Here"
Jamie T - "A New England" (originally by Billy Bragg)
Mumm-Ra - "In Between Days" (originally by The Cure)
Bloc Party - "Two More Years"

Disc 2
Mika - "Grace Kelly"
The Kooks - "She Moves in Her Own Way"
James Morrison - "Wonderful World"
Ray LaMontagne - "Trouble"
The Magic Numbers - "Love Me Like You"
Orson - "I Can't Go For That (No Can Do)" (originally by Hall & Oates)
Athlete - "God Only Knows" (originally by The Beach Boys)
Stoney - "Waterfall" (originally by The Stone Roses)
Paul Weller - "Come On/Let's Go"
Ben Kweller - "In Other Words"
Supergrass - "Richard III"
Stars - "This Charming Man" (originally by The Smiths)
Zero 7 - "I Go to Sleep" (originally by The Kinks, notably by The Pretenders)
Rufus Wainwright - "Hallelujah" (originally by Leonard Cohen)
Scott Matthews - "The Boy with the Thorn in His Side" (originally by The Smiths)
Bat For Lashes - "I'm On Fire" (originally by Bruce Springsteen)
Josh Pyke - "Middle of the Hill"
Turin Brakes - "Breaking the Girl" (originally by Red Hot Chili Peppers)
The Little Ones - "Oh, MJ!"
The Bees - "Who Cares What the Question Is?"
Low vs Diamond - "Moonage Daydream" (originally by David Bowie)
Beck - "Lost Cause"

References

2007 compilation albums
EMI Records compilation albums


Anthony Keith Villars (24 January 1952 – 9 September 2020) was a Welsh international footballer.

Career
Born in Pontypool, Villars was a member of the youth set-up and groundstaff at Newport County but quit the job because the pay was so poor. Moving into the Welsh league he signed for Pontnewydd. His time at the club was short after the entire team was signed by Panteg after a number of impressive performances. Working as an apprentice electrician, it was here that he was spotted by Cardiff City who offered him a professional contract in the summer of 1971. Villars soon established himself in the first team, making his debut in a 4–3 defeat to Fulham in November 1971 with an impressive performance that led teammate Ian Gibson to comment Tony's got the lot, speed, balance and control. He's going to be some player.".

Often an inconsistent player, Villars also scored several crucial goals for the club, including one against Crystal Palace during a 1–1 draw to keep Cardiff in Division Two in April 1974. It was during his time at Cardiff that Villars earned all of his three caps for Wales, playing in three matches during the 1974 British Home Championship against England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. His debut in the opening match against England led Villars to become the 500th player to play for Wales. Persistent injury problems meant that he lost his place in the side and he moved to Newport County in June 1976, reuniting with his former Cardiff manager Jimmy Scoular.

He failed to reproduce the form he showed in his days at Cardiff and just under two years into his spell at the club his contract was cancelled. Incredibly just two and a half years after winning his three caps for Wales, Villars left league football never to return at the age of just 25. He later turned out for Welsh Football League side Blaenavon Blues before retiring.

After football
Following his retirement, Villars worked as a milkman for 17 years. He later worked as a delivery driver for DHL Express. He died in September 2020.

References

1952 births
2020 deaths
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's international footballers
Wales men's under-23 international footballers
Cardiff City F.C. players
Newport County A.F.C. players
English Football League players
Gloucester City A.F.C. players
Footballers from Pontypool
Men's association football wingers
Blaenavon Blues A.F.C. players


Basauti is a village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4590 living in 544 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Beladevipur is a town in Attariya Municipality in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. The formerly Malakheti, Shreepur, Beladevipur, Geta Village Development Committees were merged to form the new municipality since 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5006 living in 621 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Bhajani is a Municipality in Kailali District in the Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. At the time of the  2011 Nepal census it had a population of 52,128. It is surrounded by Tikapur Municipality and Joshipur Rural Municipality in the East , Kailari Rural Municipality in the West , Ghodaghodi Municipality in the North and Tikunia, Uttar Pradesh in the South . It is divided into 9 wards.

Demographics
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Bhajani Municipality had a population of 52,128. Of these, 65.7% spoke Tharu, 15.4% Nepali, 5.4% Doteli, 3.9% Achhami, 3.3% Hindi, 2.6% Raji, 1.2% Maithili, 0.8% Urdu, 0.3% Bajureli, 0.2% Bote, 0.2% Jumli, 0.2% Magar, 0.1% Baitadeli, 0.1% Bhojpuri, 0.1% Dailekhi, 0.1% Punjabi, 0.1% Tamang and 0.1% other languages as their first language.

In terms of ethnicity/caste, 65.9% were Tharu, 11.3% Chhetri, 5.8% Kami, 3.7% Hill Brahmin, 2.6% Raji, 2.3% other Terai, 1.5% Musalman, 1.3% Thakuri, 1.2% other Dalit, 1.2% Magar, 0.6% Damai/Dholi, 0.5% Yadav, 0.3% Chamar/Harijan/Ram, 0.3% Lohar, 0.2% Bote, 0.2% Sarki, 0.2% Tamang, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Dhobi, 0.1% Dusadh/Paswan/Pasi, 0.1% Kalwar, 0.1% Kayastha, 0.1% Lodh, 0.1% Marwadi, 0.1% Newar, 0.1% Punjabi/Sikh, 0.1% Sanyasi/Dasnami, and 0.1% others.

In terms of religion, 96.5% were Hindu, 1.8% Christian, 1.4% Muslim, 0.2% Buddhist and 0.1% others.

In terms of literacy, 60.2% could read and write, 3.3% could only read and 36.4% could neither read nor write.

Election Result
2017 Nepalese local elections

Mayoral Election

Deputy Mayor Election

See also
 Kailali District
 Tikapur
 Sudurpashchim Province

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District
Municipalities in Kailali District
Nepal municipalities established in 2014


Boniya is a village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9263 living in 1211 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Chuha is a town in Lamki Chuha Municipality in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. The formerly Village development committee was merged along with Baliya VDC to form the new municipality on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 10,145 living in 1,497 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Gauriganga Municipality  is a municipality in Kailali District in the Sudurpashchim Province. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 55,314 living in 5,293 individual households.  It is Surrounded by Ghodaghodi Municipality in the west, Godawari Municipality in the east, Mohanyal and Chure Rural Municipality in the north and Dhangadhi Sub Metropolitan City and Kailari Rural Municipality in the south.

Demographics
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Gauriganga Municipality had a population of 58,286. Of these, 32.8% spoke Doteli, 30.0% Tharu, 20.2% Nepali, 10.3% Achhami, 1.6% Bajhangi, 1.4% Magar, 1.2% Bajureli, 0.5% Kham, 0.5% Raji, 0.3% Baitadeli, 0.3% Maithili, 0.2% Darchuleli, 0.2% Hindi, 0.2% Tamang, 0.1% Gurung and 0.2% other languages as their first language.

In terms of ethnicity/caste, 30.3% were Tharu, 27.2% Chhetri, 12.7% Kami, 11.8% Hill Brahmin, 4.5% Magar, 4.3% Thakuri, 3.4% Damai/Dholi, 1.4% Sarki, 0.9% Lohar, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.6% Badi, 0.6% Raji, 0.3% Newar, 0.2% Gurung, 0.2% Hajjam/Thakur, 0.2% Tamang, 0.1% Bengali, 0.1% other Dalit, 0.1% Halwai, 0.1% Kumal, 0.1% Musalman, 0.1% other Terai and 0.1% others.

In terms of religion, 94.2% were Hindu, 1.5% Buddhist, 1.0% Christian, 0.1% Muslim and 3.1% others.

In terms of literacy, 62.6% could read and write, 3.6% could only read and 33.8% could neither read nor write.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District
Official website of ddc Kaialali
City Population - Gauriganga Municipality in Nepal

Populated places in Kailali District
Municipalities in Kailali District
Nepal municipalities established in 2017


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Alpine County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Alpine County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map.

There are 2 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Alpine County, California

References

Alpine


UFO: A Day in the Life is an adventure puzzle game developed by Love-de-Lic and published by ASCII Entertainment for the PlayStation exclusively in Japan.

Gameplay
UFO: A Day in the Life puts the player in the role of attempting to save a group of 50 fellow aliens who have been stranded on Earth after crashing into an apartment building. However, the aliens are invisible, and the player is unable to actually see the alien they are trying to rescue. To this effect, the player must use a device called "Cosmo Scanner," a kind of camera, to reveal the creatures.

Once a certain number of photographs have been taken, the player character returns to the ship to develop the pictures. This is done by giving the negatives to a giant floating head called "Mother." As more aliens are rescued, more areas open up and different times of day are available for exploration.

Development
UFO: A Day in the Life was designed primarily by Taro Kudou. The game was announced and shown at the Tokyo Game Show in 1999. The game's music was composed by Love-de-Lic's internal sound team The Thelonious Monkeys, comprising Hirofumi Taniguchi and Masanori Adachi.

Release
The soundtrack was released as the UFO: A Day in the Life Original Sound Tracks on a single 23-track disc, published by Sunday Records.

Reception
Famitsu gave the game a score of 29 out of 40.

References

External links
 (web archive)

1999 video games
Adventure games
Japan-exclusive video games
PlayStation (console) games
PlayStation (console)-only games
Puzzle video games
Video games about alien visitations
Video games about extraterrestrial life
Video games developed in Japan

Single-player video games
Love-de-Lic games


Alejandro Ortuoste (born March 17, 1931, date of death unknown) was an amateur boxer from the Philippines. He won the gold medal at the 1954 Asian Games in the men's bantamweight (– 54 kg) division. He represented his native country at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland, failing to reach the third round.

1952 Olympic results
 Round of 32: bye
 Round of 16: lost to John McNally  (Ireland) on points, 0-3

References

External links

1931 births
Year of death missing
Sportspeople from Manila
Bantamweight boxers
Boxers at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic boxers for the Philippines
Asian Games medalists in boxing
Boxers at the 1954 Asian Games
Filipino male boxers
Asian Games gold medalists for the Philippines
Medalists at the 1954 Asian Games


NCR Country Club is a country club located in Dayton, Ohio where NCR Corporation used to be headquartered. There are two golf courses at the club, the North course and the South course. The 1969 PGA Championship was played on the South course and won by Raymond Floyd. It also hosted the 2005 U.S. Senior Open won by Allen Doyle and the 1986 U.S. Women's Open, which was won by Jane Geddes.  The 2022 U.S. Senior Women's Open was won by Jill McGill.

Tournaments hosted

 2022 U.S. Senior Women's Open
 2005 U.S. Senior Open
 1986 U.S. Women's Open
 1969 PGA Championship

External links
 NCR Country Club official website
 Review from Sports Network

Golf clubs and courses in Ohio
Buildings and structures in Montgomery County, Ohio
NCR Corporation
Tourist attractions in Montgomery County, Ohio
1954 establishments in Ohio
Sports venues completed in 1954


Dansinhapur is a village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8952 living in 1446 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


"Miss You" is a popular song written by Jake Schulze and Rami Yacoub. It was originally recorded as a ballad, by the Irish boy band Westlife, but was never released as a single. In 2008, it was remade as a dance track by Swedish musician Basshunter becoming a hit single for him as "I Miss You" in 2008, notably in the United Kingdom, Germany and Sweden.

Westlife song
The original song "Miss You" appeared on Irish boy band Westlife's 1999 debut album, Westlife. Although the album produced five different singles "Swear It Again", "If I Let You Go", "Flying Without Wings", the double A-side "I Have a Dream" / "Seasons in the Sun" all in 1999 and "Fool Again" and a remake of "More Than Words" both released in 2000, the song "Miss You" was never released as a single. The Westlife version heavily uses the sound of Irish instruments such as Fiddles and Bagpipes, making up a strong Irish sound. Moreover, the version is structured starting very soft and low until raising to soaring melody, leaving an anthem-like feel. The song charted in Ireland despite not being released as a single. It peaked at 96.

Basshunter version

Nearly a decade later, the Swedish musician Basshunter made a cover version of the song as a dance track retitling it as "I Miss You". Basshunter's track "I Miss You" featured lead vocals by the UK singer Lauren Dyson. It appeared on his 2008 album, Now You're Gone – The Album. The track was released as his fifth single from the album following "Now You're Gone" released in 2007, "All I Ever Wanted", Please Don't Go, a cover of KC and the Sunshine Band and "Angel in the Night" all in 2008. The Basshunter single was released on 14 December 2008 and peaked at number 32 on the UK Singles Chart. The song also charted in Germany and Sweden.

Music video
The music video was added to Hard2Beat's YouTube channel on 5 November 2008 and features a Christmas theme.

Picking up where Aylar and Basshunter left off in "Angel in the Night", "I Miss You" is set amongst the mountains of Norway in a beautiful log cabin. Aylar, Basshunter, and a gang of friends have the ultimate Christmas Day with presents, a jacuzzi, snow fights, and bikinis.

Chart performance

"I Miss You" entered the UK Singles Chart at number 86 on 14 December 2008 and peaked at number 32 week later. "I Miss You" debuted at number 46 on Swedish singles chart on 13 February 2009 and peaked at number 45 in its the last fourth week on chart. In Ireland it didn't enter the Irish singles chart but reached number one on the dance chart.

Track listing
 2-track CD single
 "I Miss You" (Radio Edit)
 "Basshunter Megamix"

 Maxi CD single
 "I Miss You" (Radio Edit)
 "I Miss You" (Fonzerelli Edit)
 "I Miss You" (Album Edit)
 "I Miss You" (Fonzerelli Remix)
 "I Miss You" (Headhunters Remix)
 "I Miss You" (Video) + other bonus content

Personnel
Credits

 Rami Jacobi – writer
 Jake Schulze – writer
 Basshunter – producer
 Scott Simons – producer
 Robert Uhlmann – producer
 Lauren Dyson – vocalist

Charts

References

External links

2008 singles
I Miss You
Songs written by Jake Schulze
Songs written by Rami Yacoub
1999 songs
Westlife songs
Torch songs
Songs about loneliness
1990s ballads
Pop ballads
I Miss You


Darakh is a village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 7054 living in 897 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Glenn County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Glenn County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.

There are 3 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Glenn County, California

References

Glenn
Buildings and structures in Glenn County, California
History of Glenn County, California


PoliticsPA.com is a website centered on the politics of Pennsylvania.

Content
The website reports on political and campaign news in Pennsylvania, from the state legislature up to federal races. The editors write occasional features, like the weekly "Up & Down" scorecard and one-off lists like "Harrisburg's Smartest Staffers" and "Best Dressed Lobbyist" lists.  In addition, PoliticsPa.com accepts anonymous tips; In 2012, it was the first news source to report that Tom Smith would challenge Bob Casey in the United States Senate race, as well as the fact that Governor Tom Corbett had endorsed Steve Welch in the contest. In 2004, it was the first news source to report in 2004 that Pennsylvania Senator Arlen Specter would face Pat Toomey in the Republican primary and that Joe Hoeffel would seek the Democratic nomination that year. On occasion, the website hosts original documents including political television and radio ads, campaign fliers, and controversial letters.

The editors of the website operate under the pseudonym "Sy Snyder," a nod to the former Pennsylvania Governor Simon Snyder Terry Madonna, professor at Franklin and Marshall College, said in 2003 that the level of expertise demonstrated on the site implies that "Sy Snyder" must be a reporter, a politician or a consultant. Specific speculation ranges from political reporters Pete DeCoursey and Charlie Thompson to former State Representative Tom Druce.

Influence
By 2003, the site had become a popular fixture among political junkies and insiders, focusing on detailed political minutiae and "scuttlebutt." In spite of the small size of this audience, PoliticsPA.com became one of the "most influential forces in state political circles." Observers have compared it to the Drudge Report  and subscription-based news sites the National Journal's The Hotline and Capitolwire.

The website grew from 11,000 hits per month at its launch on October 22, 2001, to almost 40,000 hits per month in April 2004. In the run up to the 2012 primary, it received over 150,000 hits per month.

The Columbia Journalism Review described PoliticsPA after the 2012 U.S. election as a news source that has "managed to break traditional journalistic boundaries and maintain a high level of quality, authority, and urgency." The Washington Post blog "The Fix" also named the website as the best Pennsylvania political blog in 2011.

History
PoliticsPA was founded on October 22, 2001

The website was created by the Publius Group, a New Jersey-based media organization who, at the time operated five similar state-based political websites, including PoliticsNJ, PoliticsVT, and PoliticsNY. Ceisler Jubelirer, a Pennsylvania-based media relations group, including Larry Ceisler and Jeff Jubelirer, purchased the website from the Publius Group in January 2007. Ceisler Jubelirer separated in 2010 and currently share ownership of the site along with lobbyist David Urban. The current owners maintained a similar structure, including using the "Sy Snyder" pseudonym.

In 2005, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission sent PoliticsPA.com a "cease and desist" letter warning against displaying an image of the Commission's historical marker commemorating Simon Snyder, which was protected as a federal trademark. State Representative Mike Veon successfully lobbied the Commission to relax its image policy, allowing use in "legitimate promotion."

References

External links
 PoliticsPA.com homepage

American political websites
Politics of Pennsylvania
2001 establishments in Pennsylvania
Internet properties established in 2001


Roberto Jalnaiz (born November 15, 1966)  is a retired amateur boxer from the Philippines who is best known for winning his country's only gold medal at the 1990 Asian Games. Competing in the bantamweight (– 54 kg) division, he also represented his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics and 1992 Summer Olympics.

Career

Jalnaiz first campaigned in the flyweight division where he won a bronze medal at the 1987 Southeast Asian Games in Jakarta. The following year, he took part in the 1988 Summer Olympics and lost to Hungary’s Janos Varadi in his opening bout.

He eventually moved up to bantamweight and stayed in that division for the rest of his career.

At the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing, Jalnaiz made history by becoming the lone Filipino athlete to win a gold medal in the quadrennial multi-sport spectacle. He defeated Thailand’s Chatree Suwanyod, Nepal’s Suresh Malla Thakuri, Indonesian Franky Mamuaya and South Korean Hwang Kyung-sup en route to winning a gold medal in the bantamweight class.

Jalnaiz followed up his Beijing triumph by winning another gold medal, this time at the 1991 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in Bangkok. He also topped his division at the 1991 Southeast Asian Games in Manila.

Jalnaiz qualified for the 1992 Summer Olympics by reaching the semifinal of the 1992 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in Bangkok.

He stopped Agustin Castillo of the Dominican Republic in his opening bout in Barcelona before posting another abbreviated victory over Frenchman Philippe Wartelle to reach the quarterfinals of the bantamweight division.

Jalnaiz was leading Joel Casamayor halfway through the first round of their quarterfinal bout when the fancied Cuban landed a solid left that knocked him out and abruptly put an end to their duel. Casamayor went on to win the gold medal.

Jalnaiz retired after the Barcelona Games and became a boxing trainer and talent scout. He later became boxing project director of Cagayan de Oro, a position he held until 2012 when he and his family migrated to the United States.

Jalnaiz remained involved in boxing after settling in California and was often included in Manny Pacquiao’s large entourage whenever the Filipino ring icon has a fight in the United States.

He also joined the camp of Jerwin Ancajas in 2018 but left a year later.

Personal life
Jalnaiz and his wife Mary Joy have three children. His two sons, Roberto and Rafael, boxed as teenagers but lost interest in the sport after they migrated to the United States.

References

1966 births
Living people
Flyweight boxers
Bantamweight boxers
Boxers at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Boxers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Olympic boxers for the Philippines
Asian Games medalists in boxing
Boxers at the 1990 Asian Games
Filipino male boxers
Asian Games gold medalists for the Philippines
Medalists at the 1990 Asian Games
SEA Games medalists in boxing
SEA Games gold medalists for the Philippines
SEA Games bronze medalists for the Philippines
Competitors at the 1987 SEA Games
Competitors at the 1991 SEA Games


TVP3 Warszawa (TVP3 Warsaw) is one of the regional branches of the TVP, Poland's public television broadcaster. It serves the entire Masovian Voivodeship with particular dedication to the Warsaw metropolitan area. From 1992 till 2003 it was branded WOT (Warszawski Ośrodek Telewizyjny, Warsaw Television Centre), then till 2007 TVP3 Warszawa and since October 2007 it has been using its current name.

Since the reorganisation of TVP's regional broadcasting in 2013, TVP3 Warszawa has been part of TVP Regionalna, a network of TVP's 16 regional branches. It has its own digital, free-to-air channel branded TVP3 Warszawa, but it produces only several hours of programming a day and the rest of the schedule is filled with network programming.

The main studios are located at the TVP news compound in central Warsaw and local bureaus are in Płock, Radom and Siedlce.

Programs
Some of the best known TVP Warszawa's programmes include:
Telewizyjny Kurier Warszawski (Warsaw Television Chronicle) - local news from the Warsaw area (the oldest news program in Poland)
Telewizyjny Kronika Mazowiecki (Mazovia Television Chronicle) - regional news from the voivodeship
Kronika Warszawy i Mazowsza (Warsaw & Masovia Chronicle) - combined news from Warsaw and the voivodeship
Raport na gorąco (Hot Report or translating less literally First Hand Report) - news from traffic accidents etc. gathered by reporters on motorbikes
Wywiad Kronika (The Chronicle's Interview) - local interview show, often with local political topics
Ratownicy (The Rescuers) - reports from the work of Warsaw's emergency services

References

External links

Telewizja Polska
Television channels and stations established in 1958
1958 establishments in Poland
Mass media in Warsaw


Procridia is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Arctiinae erected by George Hampson in 1900. Its single species, Procridia metallica, was first described by Paul Dognin in 1897. It is found in Ecuador.

References

Lithosiini
Monotypic moth genera
Moths of South America


Procrimima is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae.

Species
 Procrimima procris Felder, 1875
 Procrimima viridis Druce, 1906

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Lithosiini
Moth genera


Proctocopsis is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae. It contains the single species Proctocopis forficula, which is found in Colombia.

References

Arctiinae


Progona is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae.

Species
 Progona pallida Möschler, 1890
 Progona sadima Schaus, 1896
 Progona venata Schaus, 1921
 Progona xanthura Schaus, 1899
 Progona luridipennis Burmeister, 1878

References

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Lithosiini
Moth genera


This is a list of members of the National Salvation Front Council (CFSN), the provisional governing organization in Romania after the National Salvation Front (FSN) seized power during the Romanian Revolution, on 22 December 1989.

Members
The list was broadcast on the national television and first published in Monitorul Oficial, no. 1 on the same day.

 Alexandru Bârlădeanu
 Ana Blandiana
 Silviu Brucan
 Valeriu Bucurescu
 Ion Caramitru
 Constantin Cârjan
 Cristina Ciontu
 Doina Cornea
 Marțian Dan
 Dan Deșliu
 Mircea Dinescu

 Captain
 Manole Gheorghe
 General Ștefan Gușă
 Ion Iliescu

 Magdalena Ionescu
 Eugenia Iorga
 Mihai Ispas

 Captain
 Corneliu Mănescu
 Dumitru Mazilu
 Marian Mierla
 Mihai Montanu
 Aurel Dragoș Munteanu
 Vasile Neacșa
 Paul Negrițiu
 Sergiu Nicolaescu
 Petre Roman
 Adrian Sârbu
 General Victor Stănculescu

 László Tőkés
 Ovidiu Vlad

 General

Executive Bureau
In the evening of 27 December 1989, the Executive Bureau of the CFSN was established. The Bureau consisted of 11 members:
President: Ion Iliescu
First vice-president: Dumitru Mazilu
Vice-presidents: Cazimir Ionescu and Károly Király
Secretary: Marțian Dan
Members: Bogdan Teodoriu, Vasile Neacșa, Silviu Brucan, , Ion Caramitru, and

Quitting the CFSN
 23 January 1990: Doina Cornea
 26 January 1990: Dumitru Mazilu
 29 January 1990: Ana Blandiana
 4 February 1990: Silviu Brucan

References

External links

National Salvation Front Council

Romanian Revolution
Provisional governments


Dododhara is a village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8299 living in 1296 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Paralympic records are the best performances in a specific event in that event's history in either the Summer Paralympic Games or the Winter Paralympic Games.  As each type of Paralympic Games occur only once every four years many of these records do not correspond with world records, though they are considered important achievements in the careers of the athletes who are able to break or tie them.

The International Paralympic Committee recognizes records only for certain events of certain sports. These include:

Archery (list)
Athletics (list)
Cycling (list)
Powerlifting (list)
Rowing (list)
Swimming (list)

External links
International Paralympic Committee list of Paralympic Records

Paralympic Games


The Kangnam Mountains are a mountain range of North Korea, in the central part of the country's northern region. They run parallel to the Amnok River which forms the border with China. They lie west of the Rangrim Mountains, which is the drainage divide between northwestern and northeastern Korea.

Mountain ranges of North Korea


The Hunter Hereford Ranch was first homesteaded in 1909 by James Williams in the eastern portion of Jackson Hole, in what would become Grand Teton National Park. By the 1940s it was developed as a hobby ranch by William and Eileen Hunter and their foreman John Anderson.  With its rustic log buildings it was used as the shooting location for the movie The Wild Country, while one structure with a stone fireplace was used in the 1963 movie Spencer's Mountain. The ranch is located on the extreme eastern edge of Jackson Hole under Shadow Mountain. It is unusual in having some areas of sagebrush-free pasture.

Description
The buildings were designed by architect Eber E. Piers of Ogden, Utah. Piers is more commonly associated with Prairie style architecture; the Hunter Ranch was his only work in a rustic style. Piers was a friend of the Hunters and was paid in room and board, vacationing at the ranch. The large ranch house and guest house, now demolished, was furnished by Thomas C. Molesworth, while the buildings were built by local carpenters, the Nelson brothers.  Piers was instructed to model the barn on the Gerritt Hardeman barn near Wilson, Wyoming. The Hardeman ranch was the source of much of the Hunter stock. The Hunter barn, while clearly in keeping with local custom in its character, was constructed to a high standard compared to the more humble structures typical of Jackson Hole ranches.

Additional buildings include a chicken house, stud barn, hay shed, equipment shed  and garage, all built in 1945. The foreman's residence was built in 1908 and modified in 1945. The original log homestead cabin was expanded to the east, or rear, and on the north side, with 1- or -story log structures to become the foreman's residence. The log bunkhouse was built about 1921.

The  ranch was sold to the National Park Service in 1957, but grazing, water and land rights were retained by Eileen Hunter until her death in 1989. The Park Service briefly leased the lands and buildings to the nearby Triangle X Ranch, but terminated the lease in 1991 as part of a plan to return the property to its natural condition. The large Piers-designed Hunter residence and surrounding guest cabins were removed in 1992, leaving the buildings associated with the working ranch intact. A bunkhouse, barn and foremans' cabin remain. Other Piers-designed structures were moved to the Climbers' Ranch and the Teton Science School at the Ramshorn Ranch.

The property within the historic district comprises , and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

See also
Ramshorn Dude Ranch Lodge, directly adjacent to the Hunter property
Historical buildings and structures of Grand Teton National Park

References

External links

Grand Teton Historic Resource Study: Tourists National Park Service
Hunter Hereford Ranch Historic District at the Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office

Buildings and structures in Grand Teton National Park
Ranches on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming
Rustic architecture in Wyoming
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming
1909 establishments in Wyoming
National Register of Historic Places in Grand Teton National Park


Durgauli is a village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9822 living in 1309 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Sum frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG) is a nonlinear laser spectroscopy technique used to analyze surfaces and interfaces. It can be expressed as a sum of a series of Lorentz oscillators. In a typical SFG setup, two laser beams mix at an interface and generate an output beam with a frequency equal to the sum of the two input frequencies, traveling in a direction allegedly given by the sum of the incident beams' wavevectors. The technique was developed in 1987 by Yuen-Ron Shen and his students as an extension of second harmonic generation spectroscopy and rapidly applied to deduce the composition, orientation distributions, and structural information of molecules at gas–solid, gas–liquid and liquid–solid interfaces.  Soon after its invention, Philippe Guyot-Sionnest extended the technique to obtain the first measurements of electronic and vibrational dynamics at surfaces.  SFG has advantages in its ability to be monolayer surface sensitive, ability to be performed in situ (for example aqueous surfaces and in gases), and its capability to provide ultrafast time resolution. SFG gives information complementary to infrared and Raman spectroscopy.

Theory
IR-visible sum frequency generation spectroscopy uses two laser beams (an infrared probe, and a visible pump) that spatially and temporally overlap at a surface of a material or the interface between two media.  An output beam is generated at a frequency of the sum of the two input beams. The two input beams must be able to access the surface with sufficiently high intensities, and the output beam must be able to reflect off (or transmit through) the surface in order to be detected. Broadly speaking, most sum frequency spectrometers can be considered as one of two types, scanning systems (those with narrow bandwidth probe beams) and broadband systems (those with broad bandwidth probe beams). For the former type of spectrometer, the pump beam is a visible wavelength laser held at a constant frequency, and the other (the probe beam) is a tunable infrared laser — by tuning the IR laser, the system can scan across molecular resonances and obtain a vibrational spectrum of the interfacial region in a piecewise fashion. In a broadband spectrometer, the visible pump beam is once again held at a fixed frequency, while the probe beam is spectrally broad. These laser beams overlap at a surface, but may access a wider range of molecular resonances simultaneously than a scanning spectrometer, and hence spectra can be acquired significantly faster, allowing the ability to perform time-resolved measurements with interfacial sensitivity.

Nonlinear susceptibility

For a given nonlinear optical process, the polarization  which generates the output is given by

where  is the th order nonlinear susceptibility, for .

It is worth noting that all the even order susceptibilities become zero in centrosymmetric media. A proof of this is as follows.

Let  be the inversion operator, defined by  for some arbitrary vector . Then applying  to the left and right hand side of the polarization equation above gives

Adding together this equation with the original polarization equation then gives

which implies  for  in centrosymmetric media. Q.E.D.

[Note 1: The final equality can be proven by mathematical induction, by considering two cases in the inductive step; where  is odd and  is even.]

[Note 2: This proof holds for the case where  is even. Setting  gives the odd case and the remainder of the proof is the same.]

As a second-order nonlinear process, SFG is dependent on the 2nd order susceptibility , which is a third rank tensor. This limits what samples are accessible for SFG.  Centrosymmetric media include the bulk of gases, liquids, and most solids under the assumption of the electric-dipole approximation, which neglects the signal generated by multipoles and magnetic moments.  At an interface between two different materials or two centrosymmetric media, the inversion symmetry is broken and an SFG signal can be generated.  This suggests that the resulting spectra represent a thin layer of molecules.  A signal is found when there is a net polar orientation.

SFG intensity

The output beam is collected by a detector and its intensity  is calculated using

where  is the visible frequency,  is the IR frequency and  is the SFG frequency. The constant of proportionality varies across literature, many of them including the product of the square of the output frequency,  and the squared secant of the reflection angle, .  Other factors include index of refractions for the three beams.

The second order susceptibility has two contributions

where  is the non-resonating contribution and  is the resonating contribution.  The non-resonating contribution is assumed to be from electronic responses. Although this contribution has often been considered to be constant over the spectrum, because it is generated simultaneously with the resonant response, the two responses must compete for intensity. This competition shapes the nonresonant contribution in the presence of resonant features by resonant attenuation. Because it is not currently known how to adequately correct for nonresonant interferences, it is very important to experimentally isolate the resonant contributions from any nonresonant interference, often done using the technique of nonresonant suppression.

The resonating contribution is from the vibrational modes and shows changes in resonance.  It can be expressed as a sum of a series of Lorentz oscillators

where  is the strength or amplitude,  is the resonant frequency,  is the damping or linewidth coefficient (FWHM), and each  indexes the normal (resonant vibrational) mode. The amplitude is a product of , the induced dipole moment, and , the polarizability.  Together, this indicates that the transition must be both IR and Raman active.

The above equations can be combined to form

which is used to model the SFG output over a range of wavenumbers.  When the SFG system scans over a vibrational mode of the surface molecule, the output intensity is resonantly enhanced.  In a graphical analysis of the output intensity versus wavenumber, this is represented by Lorentzian peaks.  Depending on the system, inhomogeneous broadening and interference between peaks may occur.  The Lorentz profile can be convoluted with a Gaussian intensity distribution to better fit the intensity distribution.

Orientation information
From the second order susceptibility, it is possible to ascertain information about the orientation of molecules at the surface.   describes how the molecules at the interface respond to the input beam.  A change in the net orientation of the polar molecules results in a change of sign of .  As a rank 3 tensor, the individual elements provide information about the orientation.  For a surface that has azimuthal symmetry, i.e. assuming  rod symmetry, only seven of the twenty seven tensor elements are nonzero (with four being linearly independent), which are

 and

The tensor elements can be determined by using two different polarizers, one for the electric field vector perpendicular to the plane of incidence, labeled S, and one for the electric field vector parallel to the plane of incidence, labeled P.   Four combinations are sufficient: PPP, SSP, SPS, PSS, with the letters listed in decreasing frequency, so the first is for the sum frequency, the second is for the visible beam, and the last is for the infrared beam.  The four combinations give rise to four different intensities given by

 and

where index  is of the interfacial -plane, and  and  are the linear and nonlinear Fresnel factors.

By taking the tensor elements and applying the correct transformations, the orientation of the molecules on the surface can be found.

Experimental setup
Since SFG is a second-order nonlinear optical phenomenon, one of the main technical concerns in an experimental setup is being able to generate a signal strong enough to detect, with discernible peaks and narrow bandwidths.  Picosecond and femtosecond pulse width lasers are often used due to the high peak field intensities. Common sources include Ti:Sapphire lasers, which can easily operate in the femtosecond regime, or Neodymium based lasers, for picosecond operation.

Whilst shorter pulses results in higher peak intensities, the spectral bandwidth of the laser pulse is also increased, which can place a limit on the spectral resolution of the output of an experimental setup. This can be compensated for by narrowing the bandwidth of the pump pulse, resulting in a tradeoff for desired properties.

In modern experimental setups, the tuneable range of the probe pulse is augmented by optical parametric generation (OPG), optical parametric oscillation (OPO), and optical parametric amplification (OPA) systems.

Signal strength can be improved by using special geometries, such as a total internal reflection setup which uses a prism to change the angles so they are close to the critical angles, allowing the SFG signal to be generated at its critical angle, enhancing the signal.

Common detector setups utilize a monochromator and a photomultiplier for filtering and detecting.

References

Vibrational spectroscopy
Surface science


The Letelier-Moffitt Human Rights Award is awarded annually by the Washington, D.C.-based Institute for Policy Studies (IPS). It is awarded to those advancing the cause of human rights in the Americas. The Letelier-Moffitt Human Rights Award commemorates Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt, who in 1976 were assassinated in Washington, D.C. by agents of the Chilean secret service. It was first presented in 1978.

Award recipients

References

Awards established in 1978
American awards
Humanitarian and service awards
Human rights in Latin America
Human rights awards
1978 establishments in Washington, D.C.


L.O.L: Lack Of Love is an evolutionary life simulation game developed by Love-de-Lic and published by ASCII Corporation for the Sega Dreamcast. The game was released only in Japan on November 2, 2000. The game was never exported to the West but it received a fan translation in 2020.

Gameplay

The gameplay of L.O.L.: Lack of Love revolves around the player's control of a single creature placed on an alien planet during robotic terraforming. The player must cause the creature to metamorphose into new forms by communicating with other living creatures, establishing symbiotic relationships with them, and thus helping them. The game is non-linear, lacking a HUD almost entirely and requiring the player to simply remain alive. This can be done by helping, or eating other creatures, as well as performing various bodily functions including sleeping and urinating.

Development
L.O.L.: Lack of Love is the last in a trio of games developed by Love-de-Lic after Moon: Remix RPG Adventure and UFO: A Day in the Life. It was directed by Kenichi Nishi and produced by Hiroshi Suzuki. The game was designed by Keita Eto and Yoshiro Kimura, the latter of whom had already left Love-de-Lic and began working on other projects with his company Punchline. The musical score for L.O.L.: Lack of Love was created by film composer Ryuichi Sakamoto, who was also the game's scenario writer. Nishi and Sakamoto met at Club Eden via a mutual friend and, through a series of e-mails, began discussing James Lovelock’s Gaia hypothesis. This theory states that the earth's living organisms function in harmony and respond to ecological changes in order for the planet to sustain life. Nishi explained about the game's message: "We should care for other people, life, the environment and nature. Sakamoto came up with the title. We wanted to question the way in which our lifestyle lacks love".

The team first considered developing the game for the PlayStation, but Nishi was convinced by Sega's president to develop it for the Dreamcast beginning in 1998. Nishi intended to communicate the game's themes without text or voices. This was done by setting the scene with a long opening sequence and utilizing various puzzles akin to a point-and-click adventure game. A communication system between the organisms consisting of sound and movement was used due to the Dreamcast's inability to perform graphical facial expressions. It was Nishi's idea to implement a cycle of eating and excreting. One of the player character's evolutionary forms resembles a black-and-white puppy, which is based on Nishi's real-life dog Tao. Sakamoto's 13-track score is made up of only abstract, synthesized electronic music with most of the songs composed to evoke a sense of a sadness or loneliness in the listener. The soundtrack was released on a single disc in Japan by Warner Music Japan on November 8, 2000.

Reception and legacy
The four reviewer panel of the Japanese magazine Famitsu gave L.O.L.: Lack of Love scores of 9, 6, 6, and 8 for a total of 29 out of 40. Robert Florence of the Scottish web series Consolevania described the game was "effortlessly one of the best games on the Dreamcast" due to the number of ambitious ideas present and the unique concept that binds these ideas together. The staff at Computer and Video Games were also impressed by its originality and described the soundtrack as "one of videogaming's finest audio moments". Despite having no language barrier, Anoop Gantayat of IGN was unsure of the game's overall message, in which he questioned: "Your long-term goal in the game? To live, apparently - at least that's what the instruction manual says. Your short term goal? To advance to the next field of play, I presume".

L.O.L.: Lack of Love sold poorly at Japanese retail. GamesTM suggests that it was not picked up for either North America or European release because its "theme and setting certainly separate it from the bankable generic titles that clog up most of the top ten in any given year". The magazine considered L.O.L.: Lack of Love as "one of the Dreamcast's best-kept secrets" and a collector's item that currently fetches high prices on auction websites. Nishi has expressed interest in remaking the game: "If I have a chance, I would like to remake LOL for another console and release it again. I believe Lack of Love would be accepted more widely now because we are more seriously dealing with climate change and global warming".

References

External links
English translation project http://sega.c0.pl/faqs/lol_lack_of_love_english_translation_dreamcast.html by Rolly & RafaGam
 (web archive)

2000 video games
Biological simulation video games
Dreamcast games
Dreamcast-only games
Video games about evolution
Japan-exclusive video games
Single-player video games
Video games about extraterrestrial life
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set on fictional planets
Video games scored by Ryuichi Sakamoto
Love-de-Lic games


Buenaventura Press was a publisher and distributor for comics, prints, anthologies and graphic novels based in Oakland, California, run by Alvin Buenaventura.

Publishing history
Buenaventura Press originally specialized in handcrafted fine press prints, producing works for Gary Panter, Daniel Clowes, Julie Doucet, Chris Ware and others, before it extended its operations to publishing works in various book formats.

The company closed in January 2010, in many ways because of the costs involved in publishing Kramers Ergot #7 (which appeared in 2008 at a retail price of $125).

In September 2010, Alvin Buenaventura launched a new company, Pigeon Press, publishing books & prints and dealing in original art.

Buenaventura died by suicide in February 2016.

Titles published

Comic books
 Boy’s Club 2 and 3 by Matt Furie (Boy's Club #1 was published by Tim Goodyear's Teenage Dinosaur)
 Comic Book Holocaust and Klassic Komix Klub by Johnny Ryan
 Elvis Road by Elvis Studio by Helge Reumann & Xavier Robel
 Hunter and Painter by Tom Gauld
 Destined for Dizziness and The Neighborhood by Souther Salazar
 Yeast Hoist #12: Stop Thinking Start Sleeping Stop Sleeping Start Living by Ron Rege Jr.
 Spaniel Rage by Vanessa Davis
 Injury #1, #2 and #3 by Ted May, Jason Robards, and Jeff Wilson

Journals, anthologies and other works
 Comic Art Magazine issues 8 and 9 edited by Todd Hignite (2006, 2007)
 Kramers Ergot 6 edited by Sammy Harkham (2006)
 Kramers Ergot 7 edited by Sammy Harkham (2008)
 New York Sketches; a portfolio of drawings by Adrian Tomine (2004)
 Private Stash: A Pinup-Girl Portfolio by 20 Cartoonists by Robert Crumb, Adrian Tomine, Jaime Hernandez et al. (2006)
 Dawn by Phil Elverum (2008)
 The Complete Jack Survives by Jerry Moriarty (2009)

Award nominations
 2008 Ignatz Award nominee for Outstanding Series: Injury #2 by Ted May, Jason Robards, Jeff Wilson
 2007 Ignatz Award nominee for Outstanding Artist: Vanessa Davis Spaniel Rage
 2007 Eisner Award nominee for Best Anthology: Kramer's Ergot 6

References

External links

 Pigeon Press website
 McCulloch, Joe and Chris Mautner. "FEATURES: Alvin Buenaventura, 1976-2016," The Comics Journal (FEB 16, 2016).

Comic book publishing companies of the United States
Companies based in Oakland, California
Companies disestablished in 2010
Publishing companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area