Mariana "Lali" Espósito (born 10 October 1991) is an Argentine singer, actress, dancer, and model. She began her career in 2003 in the children's telenovela Rincón de Luz. Espósito continued to build her acting and singing career with subsequent supporting roles in other telenovelas such as Floricienta and Chiquititas. However, it was her main role in the telenovela Casi Ángeles that really propelled her to fame, making her a household name in Latin America, the Middle East, and Europe. From 2007 to 2012, she was a part of the popular teen pop band Teen Angels, which originated from the television series Casi Ángeles. The group was commercially successful and toured throughout Argentina and countries such as Israel, Spain, Italy, and Latin America.

In 2014, she signed a record deal with Sony Music Argentina and released her debut solo studio album, A Bailar, which features pop and EDM influences. The album was a commercial success, spawning several hit singles including "Asesina", "Mil Años Luz" and "Histeria." Her second album Soy (2016) spawned the singles "Soy", "Boomerang" and "Ego". Both albums were certified gold in Argentina. Her third album, Brava (2018) includes hit singles like "Una Na", "Tu Novia" and "100 Grados". Her fourth studio album, Libra, was released in 2020 and includes the singles "Laligera", "Como Así" and "Lo Que Tengo Yo".

Espósito's acting career has also flourished, with notable performances in telenovelas, films, and television comedies. She received critical acclaim for her portrayal of Abigail Williams in the Buenos Aires production of The Crucible and for her roles in the crime-thriller film The Accused and Netflix's action crime drama television series Sky Rojo. Throughout her career, Espósito has received numerous awards and nominations, including six Gardel Awards, five MTV Europe Music Awards, thirteen Argentina Kids' Choice Awards, one Billboard Latin Music Award, and seven MTV Millennial Awards. She has also been nominated for the Lo Nuestro Awards and the Seoul International Drama Awards. In 2015, Infobae named her one of the ten most influential women in Argentina, a testament to her impact and influence in the entertainment industry.

Life and career

1991–2003: Early life and career: Rincón de Luz
Mariana Espósito was born on 10 October 1991 in Buenos Aires to Carlos Espósito, a football coach, and Maria José Riera, who road-manages her tours. She has two older siblings, Ana Laura, a makeup artist and stylist, and Patricio Espósito, a former futsal player who played in Italy. Espósito lived in the Buenos Aires neighbourhood of Parque Patricios during her childhood and then moved to the district of Banfield, Buenos Aires. Espósito is of Italian descent through her great-grandparents.

Espósito made her television debut at the age of 6 on the children's program Caramelito y Vos in 1998, as a contestant impersonating Uruguayan actress and singer Natalia Oreiro. After wandering into a producer Cris Morena audition by mistake in early 2002, Espósito was cast in Morena's children television series Rincón de Luz, making her acting debut as part of the children's supporting cast, portraying Malena "Coco" Cabrera. Rincón de Luz ran on Argentina's Canal 9 and later América TV from 18 February 2003 to 18 December 2003. Espósito also made her singing debut in the Rincón de Luz soundtrack album, singing a duet with Agustín Sierra. Due to Rincón de Luzs success in Israel, Espósito was part of a stage adaptation at the Yad Eliyahu Arena in Tel Aviv, which ran for two weeks in April 2004.

2004–2006: Settlement as a child actress: Floricienta and Chiquititas
In 2004, Espósito was cast as Roberta in the juvenile telenovela Floricienta, also created and produced by Cris Morena, which ran for two seasons on El Trece from 15 March 2004 to 2 December 2005. Floricienta was a record-smashing success in Argentina, Latin America, Israel and Europe, and has been broadcast in over 70 countries since its original run. The series helped to establish Espósito as a child actress of the likes of former Cris Morena Group stars Agustina Cherri, Marcela Klosterboer, Luisana Lopilato and Camila Bordonaba. Espósito was also part of the stage adaptation of Floricienta, ableit portraying different versions of her character, which ran for over 100 shows in 2004 and 2005 at Teatro Gran Rex, 10 shows at the Luna Park arena and 4 shows at the Vélez Sarfield Stadium, as well as a national tour in Argentina.

In 2006, Espósito led the children's cast in the remake of Cris Morena's highly successful children's series Chiquititas, released as Chiquititas Sin Fin, portraying Agustina Ross. Espósito also sang "Me Pasan Cosas" and "Por Una Sola Vez", two of the songs in the Chiquititas soundtrack album 24 Horas, which was one of the top ten selling albums in 2006 and participated in the stage adaptations in mid 2006 at Teatro Gran Rex.

2007–2010: Success with Casi Ángeles and Teen Angels
In 2007, Espósito landed her first leading role on television, as Marianella "Mar" Rinaldi in Casi Ángeles (Almost Angels), also created by Morena and produced by Cris Morena Group. It became one of the most popular adolescent television programs in Argentina, Latin America and Israel. The series lasted from 2007 to 2010 and held high viewer ratings and earning four Martín Fierro Awards for Best Juvenile Program.

While acting in Casi Ángeles, Espósito became one of five members of successful pop band Teen Angels, signed to Sony BMG, along with Gastón Dalmau, Juan Pedro Lanzani, Nicolás Riera and María Eugenia Suárez. Teen Angels reached success in countries such as Argentina, Israel, Chile, Peru, Spain and Uruguay. Although Casi Ángeles ended in 2010, the band members announced they would continue working together, with Rochi Igarzábal replacing María Eugenia Suárez.

From 2007 to 2012, Teen Angels released six studio albums, of which five were certified platinum and one was certified gold by the Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers. They were also spokespersons for numerous brands, such as Coca-Cola. The band won a Clarín Award, a Kids' Choice Award Argentina, two Los 40 Principales Awards, and a Quiero Award, and three nominations for Carlos Gardel Awards.

Teen Angels disbanded in 2012, and held its last concert on 11 October 2012 in Córdoba. Teen Angels, el adiós, a 3D concert film about Teen Angels, was released in 2013 and marked the end of the group.

2011–2013: Cuando me sonreis, The Crucible, Solamente vos and "A Bailar"
After the end of Casi Ángeles, Espósito adopted her nickname Lali, by which she had been known to her friends and family, as her stage name.

In 2011, Espósito starred on Cuando me sonreís (When you smile at me), a new television series by Tomás Yankelevich, opposite Facundo Arana, Julieta Díaz and Benjamín Rojas. The following year, Espósito portrayed Abigail Williams in the Buenos Aires production of The Crucible by Arthur Miller, and made her film debut with La pelea de mi vida (The Fight of My Life), which also starred Mariano Martínez and Federico Amador.

Since January 2013, Espósito had starred the Pol-ka series Solamente vos (Only You), along with Adrián Suar and Natalia Oreiro, as Daniela, one of its leading characters.
In 2013, Espósito announced she would release her first album as a solo artist, titled A Bailar. When asked about the album's genre, she described it as mainly dance with hip hop influences. The album's lead single, "A Bailar", was released for digital download on her website on 5 August, causing the website to crash because of a spike in traffic. On 2 September, Espósito presented the music video for "A Bailar" at the prominent La Trastienda Club. "A Bailar" received 100,000 YouTube views on its release day, and the single entered the top 20 on iTunes Latin and iTunes Israel. It also was popular in music charts and radio channels in Latin America, Italy and Israel.

2014–2015: A Bailar, A los 40 and Esperanza mía
Previous to the release of her debut album, Espósito released A Bailar EP, which included the tracks "A Bailar", "Asesina" and "Del Otro Lado". The music video for "Asesina", the second single, was uploaded to the singer's official YouTube account on 10 March 2014. The ten-track album A Bailar (English: Let's Dance) was released on 21 March 2014.

In support of the album, Espósito embarked on the A Bailar Tour of Argentina, with several later stops in Uruguay, Chile, Spain, Italy and Israel. The tour earned million in the first five shows at Teatro Opera Allianz and was later named the highest-grossing tour of 2015 in Argentina. Following the tour's success, more dates were added, and the tour concluded on 25 April 2016 at Menora Mivtachim Arena, Tel Aviv, after a total of 74 dates.

In May 2014 she starred in the Peruvian film "A los 40" (At 40), directed by Bruno Ascenzo. In the same year, she became the first ever Argentine artist to win a Kids' Choice Award in the United States for Best Latin Artist.

In later 2014, the singer signed an exclusive publishing contract with Sony Music Entertainment Argentina and released "Mil Años Luz" as the third single from A Bailar. To celebrate her incorporation to Sony Music, Espósito released a deluxe edition of A Bailar, which contained unpublished material including a new song, a remix, several video clips and a documentary of the tour. The album peaked at No. 3 in Uruguay and at No. 5 in Argentina, where it was certified gold a few days after its release.

In 2015, Espósito starred in the Pol-ka telenovela Esperanza mía (My lovely hope) alongside Mariano Martinez as Julia "Esperanza" Albarrazin, a young woman who settles in a convent by posing as a novice.

The A Bailar Tour, continued to 2016 across national cities like Buenos Aires, Rosario, Mar del Plata and Córdoba and included international stops in Uruguay, Italy, Spain and Israel. In 2014, the singer performed as the opening act for Ricky Martin show, held in Buenos Aires and in 2015 for Katy Perry's The Prismatic World Tour.

2016–2017: Soy, Permitidos and collaborations

Espósito released her second studio album Soy on 20 May 2016, with  newspaper writing that "she takes one more step with this album, she experiments, shows herself as she is, and that is always valuable". In an interview with Intrusos, the singer referred to the album's title (Soy, English: I Am) saying that "it is called Soy because I am sharing the truth about what I think and feel. It is super personal". It sold more than 20,000 copies in Argentina in just three hours, being certified gold by the Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers (CAPIF). The album debuted at No. 1 in Argentina, Uruguay and Israel, and at No. 5 and No. 6 in Italy and Spain, respectively. Its lead single, "Soy", was released on 5 May and peaked at No. 5 on the Monitor Latino Argentina Top 20 chart and at No. 15 on the Ecuador Pop Songs chart. The second single, "Boomerang", was released on 5 September 2016. As of June 2017, its music video has been viewed more than 17 million times. Soy was listed as one of the best albums of 2016 by Billboard Brasil along with Beyoncé's Lemonade, Lady Gaga's Joanne, J Balvin's Energía and others. In the same year, Espósito was featured on Abraham Mateo's remix of the song "Mueve" from the re-issue of his album Are You Ready?, on Brian Cross song "Firestarter" from his second studio album Darkness to Life and on Baby K's Spanish version of the international hit "Roma-Bangkok".

In August, Espósito starred in the romantic comedy film Permitidos as Camila Boecchi alongside Martín Piroyansky. The film, which was directed by Ariel Winograd, grossed US$1.9 million and has been viewed more than 370,000 times. The review aggregator website Todas Las Críticas assigned the film a weighted average score of 67 out of 100, based on 42 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

The singer embarked on the Soy Tour of Latin America, Europe and Asia on 8 September. Reviews of the tour performances generally praised Espósito's vocals and the show's staging, which is said that "fulfills the expectations of a nowadays international pop show."

Espósito's 2016 most notable accolades include Favorite Artist and Favorite Song for "Soy" at the 2016 Argentine Kids' Choice Awards, Best Latin America South Act at the 2016 MTV Europe Music Awards, Argentine Artist of the Year at the 2016 MTV Millennial Awards, and nominations for Best Actress at both the 2016 Seoul International Drama Awards and the 2016 Martín Fierro Awards, where she won Best Theme Song for "Tengo Esperanza". The singer became the first ever Argentine artist to enter the Billboard Social 50 and Artist 100 charts, peaking at No. 2 and No. 69, respectively.

In July and November, respectively, Espósito released "Una Na" and "Tu Novia" as the first two singles from her upcoming third studio album. The former one rapidly reached the top of the Argentine National Songs chart. In November, the singer kicked off her second concert tour in support of Soy, titled Lali en Vivo, with two sold-out shows at the Luna Park Arena.

In that period of time Lali was the most popular in the global ranking of different topics in multilingual Wikipedia.

2018–2019: Brava, The Accused and Talento FOX
From January to July, the singer continued with her Lali en Vivo tour, which visited Peru, Spain, Italy, Israel and the United States. In February, Espósito was featured on Mau y Ricky and Karol G's remix of "Mi Mala", with Becky G and Leslie Grace, and, in May, she teamed up with CD9 and Ana Mena for the remix of "Prohibido". Preceded by the release of "100 Grados", in April, and "Besarte Mucho", in July, the singer released her third studio album, Brava, in August 2018. One week after, the album received a gold certification by the Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers for having sold ten thousand copies. Espósito embarked on the Brava Tour immediately after the album release, on 23 August, with two sold-out shows at the Luna Park Arena. The album was succeeded by the release of the singles "Sin Querer Queriendo" with Mau y Ricky, and "Caliente", with Brazilian drag queen Pabllo Vittar. The singles peaked at number 14 and 51 on the Billboard Argentina Hot 100, respectively.

Outside of recording music, Espósito made her debut as a judge on Fox Latin America's original television talent show Talento FOX. In September, Espósito starred in the film The Accused, as Dolores Dreier, a girl accused of killing her best friend. The film was directed by Gonzalo Tobal and it made its premiere in the main competition of the 75th Venice International Film Festival.

Lali started off 2019 performing in Times Square, New York City, for Univision's Countdown Feliz 2019. Early that year, the music video for "Lindo Pero Bruto", her collaboration with Thalía, was released. The singer received notable nominations for the Premio Lo Nuestro and the Billboard Latin Music Awards. During the first months of the year, Lali continued touring with Brava, which was certified four times platinum in Argentina. For the 21st Annual Gardel Awards, Lali won three awards, the most of the night, in the categories for Best Female Pop Album and Best Cover Design for Brava, and Song of the Year for "Sin Querer Queriendo".

In the last months of 2019, Lali took her Brava Tour to Europe, the United States and the Rock in Rio music festival in Brazil, where she also received a gold certification for "Caliente." It was in these months that Lali officially kicked off her fourth music era: in October, she released her fourth studio album's lead single, "Laligera", which peaked at number 24 on the Billboard Argentina Hot 100; in November, she released "Como Así", which features boy band CNCO, with whom she co-hosted the 2019 Premios Juventud ceremony back in July.

2020–2021: Libra and Sky Rojo
The year 2020 saw the release of Lali's fourth studio album titled Libra, which reached the number one position in Argentina. The album was preceded by the release of three more singles, namely "Lo Que Tengo Yo", "Fascinada" and "Ladrón" with Argentine trap singer Cazzu. 2020 was also marked by collaborations as Lali was featured in Los Ángeles Azules's "Las Maravillas de La Vida", Fito Páez's "Gente en la Calle" and the Dvicio-duet "Soy de Volar". Lali was also part of the charity single "Color Esperanza 2020" alongside Diego Torres, Thalía, Camilo, Carlos Vives, Manuel Turizo, Rauw Alejandro, Ivete Sangalo and others. The song was released as a joint effort by Sony Music Latin and Global Citizen to benefit the Pan American Health Organization's (PAHO) response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2020 was also marked by the shooting of the upcoming Netflix series, Sky Rojo, for which Lali had to move indefinitely to Spain. Filming began in Madrid in November 2019, and, although the shooting of the series was originally planned to take place in approximately four months, the production of the series was forced to stop and was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic starting from March 2020. The pandemic caused the series to stop filming, which also delayed the release of Libra. Before a nation-wide lockdown was established in Argentina, Lali managed to return to the country and go through quarantine in her Buenos Aires house. In November 2020, Lali confessed that, like many of the Sky Rojo staff, she tested positive for COVID-19 between the months of June and November. Sky Rojo, which premiered in March 2021, saw Lali playing Wendy, one of three prostitutes that go on the run in search of freedom while being chased by their pimp and his henchmen.

In 2022, Lali starred and executive produced El fin del amor (The End of Love) on Prime Video.

Other work

Modelling
Espósito has been a spokesperson for numerous brands, either independently or with her Teen Angels bandmates. Her first commercial was for the children's fashion label MCbody Jeans. In 2007, she signed an exclusive contract with the Argentine lingerie brand Promesse, and she has done most of her photo sessions with Luisana Lopilato. In 2009, Espósito and Peter Lanzani did a special promotion for KEFF body spray for the Israeli market. Between 2013 and 2014, she has been the spokesperson for the lingerie brand Lara Teens. In 2014 she starred in a commercial for hair conditioner Biokur in Uruguay and a commercial for feminine wipes company Carefree in Argentina.

In 2014 to 2016 she starred in commercials for Claro. Also from 2015 to 2017 she was an ambassador and star in commercials for the hair care brand Sedal, she would again be an ambassador and star in a commercial for the brand in 2021.  In 2018 she starred in commercials for Panacom and Terma. In 2019 she would stars commercial of Toyota and M&M'S, Espósito starred a commercial it would be one of the official faces for Garnier.
In October 2021 Espósito along with Bizarrap, L-Gante, Nicki Nicole and Duki starred in commercials for the beer brand, Brahma. In 2022, she starred a commercial for  Gancia.

Espósito has been the cover model for magazines such as Billboard, Galore, Vogue Latin America, Caras, OnMag, Las Rosas, Twees, Seventeen, Cosmopolitan, Luz, Viva, Watt, Nueva, Upss and Fack, among others.

Entrepreneurship
On 21 September 2013, Espósito launched her own line of eponymous perfumes. In 2018, she launched a clothing collection with 47 Street.

Philanthropy
In May 2010, Espósito and her Teen Angels bandmates participated in an action organized by the Biodiversity Foundation on the occasion of the World Biodiversity Day and raised awareness of the importance of preserving biodiversity.

Espósito has been named "Godmother" of Dono x Vos foundation, a nongovernmental organization dedicated to raising awareness about organ donation. In 2017, the singer joined forces with Red Solidaria and River Plate Football Club to launch a solidarity campaign named "Amor Es Presente". The campaign received donated toys that were later gifted to more than twelve-thousand children as part of Christmas festivities.

Activism

Espósito is part of a feminist group of Argentine actresses and singers, such as Jimena Barón, Griselda Siciliani, Carla Peterson, Florencia Peña and Florencia de la V, among others. Espósito has declared herself in favor of the Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy Bill in Argentina, where abortion was still illegal at the moment. The bill proposed that an abortion may be performed during the first 14 weeks of pregnancy, with no requirements other than the woman's desire. The bill was approved in 2020.

Public image
In March 2014, the 23-year-old Espósito was ranked third sexiest Argentine woman in a survey reported by Radio Continental. That same year, she was ranked the 27th-most influential Spanish-speaking celebrity on Twitter.

Personal life
Espósito's nickname and stage name, Lali, was originated by her eldest brother who mispronounced the short form of her name "Mari" as "Lali". She attended primary school and high school at the Colegio San Vicente De Paul in Parque Patricios.

Relationships
From 2006 to 2010, Espósito was in an on-again, off-again relationship with her Chiquititas and Casi Ángeles co-star Peter Lanzani, whom she called her "first love". The couple is still a fan favourite in Argentina and they remained good friends after their breakup.

In 2010, Espósito began dating singer and actor Benjamín Amadeo after they met in Casi Ángeles. Espósito and Amadeo announced their breakup in 2015, but they and their families remained close friends, making several public appearances together.

From late 2015 to early 2016, Espósito was in a highly publicized relationship with her Esperanza Mía co-star Mariano Martinez. In 2017 Espósito began dating sound engineer Santiago Mocorrea; but they broke up in 2020.

Filmography

Film

Television

Theatre

Events, galas and others
 2017 - LVIII Festival Internacional de la Canción de Viña del Mar - Judge
 2022 - Premios Platino de 2022 - Presenter

Discography

Studio albums
 A Bailar (2014)
 Soy (2016)
 Brava (2018)
 Libra (2020)
 Lali (2023)

Soundtrack albums
 Esperanza mía (2015)

Concert tours
Headlining
 A Bailar Tour (2014–16)
 Soy Tour (2016–2017)
 Lali en Vivo (2017–2018)
 Brava Tour (2018–2019)
 Disciplina Tour (2022–2023)
 Lali Tour (2023)

Opening act
 The Prismatic World Tour  (2015)
 The 7/27 Tour  (2016)
 One World Tour  (2016)
 Witness: The Tour  (2018)
 Never Be the Same Tour  (2018)

Awards and nominations

As of September 2021, Espósito has won 51 awards from 115 nominations, including Six Gardel Awards, five MTV Europe Music Awards, one Kids' Choice Award, one Heat Latin Music Award, thirteen Argentine Kids' Choice Awards, six MTV Millennial Awards, one Heat Latin Music Award, one Martin Fierro Award, one Billboard Latin Music Awards and one Tato Award. Moreover, Lali has received nominations for the Premio Lo Nuestro, and the Seoul International Drama Awards, among others.

References

External links

1991 births
21st-century Argentine actresses
Argentine child actresses
Argentine child singers
Argentine female models
Argentine pop singers
Argentine women singer-songwriters
Argentine singer-songwriters
Argentine stage actresses
Argentine telenovela actresses
Argentine television actresses
Argentine contraltos
Living people
Actresses from Buenos Aires
Singers from Buenos Aires
21st-century Argentine women singers
Feminist musicians
MTV Europe Music Award winners
Women in Latin music


The End of America is a 2008 documentary film directed by Annie Sundberg and Ricki Stern, adapted from Naomi Wolf's 2007 book, The End of America: Letter of Warning to a Young Patriot. The film analyzes policy changes made during the Bush Administration, and makes the case that these changes threaten American democracy.

Synopsis
The End of America details the ten steps a country takes when it slides toward fascism. The film takes a historical look at trends in once-functioning democracies from modern history, based on Wolf's 2007 book The End of America: Letter of Warning to a Young Patriot. The films asserts such trends are being repeated in America today, and puts the recent gradual loss of civil liberties in the U.S. in a historical context. "The average American might not be alarmed at AT&T selling our private information to the Bush administration, but when this action is seen as part of a larger series of erosions and events, a pattern emerges with unfortunate consequences that become disturbingly clear."

Style
The film's style is similar to that of An Inconvenient Truth in that Wolf presents a lecture, filmed with multiple cameras, to an interactive audience. Break-away segments featuring both talking-head and "fly on the wall" interviews demonstrate the historical echoes and present-day consequences of the erosion of America's Constitution. These interviews are from a diverse collection of individuals, including intelligence community top brass, who are willing to talk on camera about the uselessness of "intelligence" gained through torture. The film also features grassroots political leaders, military generals, and victims of undermined civil liberties.

The Ten Steps

Wolf outlines ten steps that "closing societies" – such as Hitler's Germany, Mussolini's Italy, and Stalin's Russia – have historically followed. These steps, Wolf claims, are being observed in America now.

The steps are:

 Invoke a terrifying internal and external enemy.
 Create secret prisons where torture takes place.
 Develop a thug caste or paramilitary force not answerable to citizens.
 Set up an internal surveillance system.
 Harass citizens' groups.
 Engage in arbitrary detention and release.
 Target key individuals.
 Control the press.
 Treat all political dissidents as traitors.
 Suspend the rule of law

Distribution

The End of America is viewable online free of charge. It has been made available in this way through IndiePix Films and Snag Films.

References

External links

 IndiePix Films

2008 films
American documentary films
2008 documentary films
Civil liberties in the United States
Films directed by Ricki Stern and Anne Sundberg
2000s English-language films
2000s American films


Skillings is an English surname.  Notable people with the surname include:

David Skillings, American lumber magnate and builder of the Skillings Estate House
Muzz Skillings, American musician, bassist for the band Living Colour
Waldo McTavish Skillings (1906–1981), insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia

See also
Skilling (disambiguation)

English-language surnames


The 2005 Ukrainian Amateur Cup  was the tenth annual season of Ukraine's football knockout competition for amateur football teams. The competition started on 24 July 2005 and concluded on 22 October 2005.

Competition schedule
This year the cup started from the 1/8th finals, to which six teams had to qualify through the preliminary round.

First round

Second round (1/8)

Quarterfinals (1/4)

Semifinals (1/2)

Final

See also
 2005 Ukrainian Football Amateur League
 2005–06 Ukrainian Cup

External links
 2005 Ukrainian Amateur Cup at the Footpass (Football Federation of Ukraine)

2005
2005 domestic association football cups
Amat


Dissenting Gothic is an architectural style associated with English Dissenters - Protestants not affiliated with the Church of England. It is a distinctive style in its own right within Gothic Revival architecture that emerged primarily in Britain, its colonies and North America, during the 19th century.

Definition
In contrast to the pure copying of English Gothic advocated for and promoted by some influential ecclesiologists during the early Gothic Revival period in Britain (most particularly by Augustus Welby Pugin and to an extent in the pages of the Camden Society's quarterly journal The Ecclesiologist (1841–68)), Dissenting Gothic provided a less Anglo-centric interpretation of the Gothic style, and purposely introduced modernising elements to meet clients' needs. This primarily involved the interests of good design overriding historical purity to the Gothic style, with the role of the architect seen as originating a design solution, rather than promoting specific Gothic forms as a cause célèbre in pursuit of an idealised high church and medieval belief system.

Departing from the narrow confines of the approach adopted by some of the leading British ecclesiologists during the early Gothic Revival period, architects who were willing to respond to the demand for Dissenting Gothic enlarged their portfolio, drawing on mainland European Gothic architecture as well as English forms. Moreover, they could be more creative about relationship between form and function, seeking novel but appropriate ways to introduce elements not found in mediaeval Gothic churches, so as to create interiors that met the particular congregational needs of the independent or nonconformist chapel-builders of the 19th century; accommodate Sunday Schools and meeting rooms, with sometimes distorting effects on the physiognomy of the building; use confined city plots in efficient ways by varying from strict Gothic floorplans and orientations; and experiment with a wide range of materials, and polychromatic designs, not found in medieval buildings.

Early Gothic Revival period
Although the earliest examples of Dissenting Gothic were commissioned by trustees of independent churches and chapels at about the same time as the beginnings of the purist Anglo-Catholic-dominated Gothic Revival movement, namely during the second quarter of the 19th century, the latter so profoundly dominated and led this early period of 'Gothic Revival' that there were relatively few examples in Britain or elsewhere of Dissenting Gothic before the third quarter of the century.

This limited use of Dissenting Gothic in the early Gothic Revival period of the second quarter of the century reflected a marked reluctance by trustees and sponsors of independently funded and managed churches or chapels (commonly referred to as 'nonconformist' churches or chapels in Britain) to commission neo-Gothic architecture, whilst the ecclesiologists portrayed it as 'high church' architecture. Equally, there was a refusal by some 'Gothic Revival' architects to accept commissions for 'low church' buildings, including nonconformist chapels. For philosophical reasons, some architects in the early 'Gothic Revival' period considered that the style should remain the exclusive preserve of the 'high church'.

Later Gothic Revival period
By the mid-19th century, early controversies over use of the style had weakened. In England, the case for commissioning neo-Gothic designs for nonconformist chapels was persuasively argued by the trained architect and Wesleyan Methodist minister Frederick James Jobson (commonly styled F. J. Jobson), in his book Chapel and School Architecture (1850); and in America by the Rev. George Bowler's publication, setting out examples of elevations and floor plans for nonconformist churches in the Gothic revival style.

By the mid-19th century, it was increasingly becoming fashionable to adopt neo-Gothic for artistic reasons and intrinsic appeal alone, superseding its early associations with 'high church' buildings and their clients. For more prosaic reasons, Dissenting Gothic began to become commonplace from the mid-19th century onwards; by that date, the trustees of independent chapels could more easily afford the high building costs associated with the neo-Gothic style. For example, in Britain, the 1851 census recorded, for the first time, a greater number of people attending independent chapels than Anglican churches; the higher level of philanthropic donations and membership fees this provided, could now become reflected in more costly building designs.

By the time the Gothic Revival had matured into a commonly accepted building style for all manner of building types (referred to as the "High Victorian Gothic" period (1855–85) in Britain), the influence of the ecclesiologists - with their vision of neo-Gothic as befitting only high church buildings, and favouring only pure 'English Gothic' forms with historically-correct mediaeval detail - had passed by. This later 'Gothic Revival' period saw a willingness to innovate by many influential architects, reflecting the success of the less narrow approach of Dissenting Gothic. The architect James Cubitt embodied such forward-looking principles in his book Church Design for Congregations (1870), in which he noted the unsuitability of the conventional Gothic plan for nonconformist chapels, adding "there is every reason why our churches should be fitted for their destined use. It is not enough that they can be used..." His book gave further encouragement to looking at models besides traditional 'English Gothic', referring for example, to designs from Santa Sophia, Torcello, Gerona and Cologne.

Amongst these, northern European Brick Gothic was perhaps the best known alternative to English styles at that time; partly on account of its lower cost than stone blocks, but also its appeal to a section of nonconformist though to whom highly extravagant and ornamented building styles and monuments were either too vulgar, or associated with mediaeval superstition - Spurgeon cautioned against the Gothic fashion leading to "hobgoblins and monsters on the outside of their preaching houses".

In Australia, Dissenting Gothic became known as "Victorian Free Gothic" and whilst the established Protestant Church followed its English counterpart in favouring "Academic Gothic", the independent or nonconformist denominations often chose Victorian Free Gothic. Victorian Free Gothic styles more freely experimented with picturesque silhouettes and polychromatic surfaces, taking more from Ruskin's interest in 'impure' Gothic styles and the artistic merits of Gothic, than from Pugin's 'high church' and medievalist approach.

As the 19th century wore on, Dissenting Gothic became widespread not only as old chapels were rebuilt, but also amongst the new city suburbs that were being established in England and elsewhere. For example, as Clarkel (2001) notes: "'Dissenting Gothic' was the style in Bowden, 'Manchester's most relaxed suburb'". Nonetheless, its appeal amongst independents or nonconformists was not universal. The Baptists, quite unlike the Wesleyan Methodists and most notably the Unitarians, did not come to a generally accepted accommodation of the neo-Gothic style, and indeed Spurgeon advanced the idea that the Grecian style was most appropriate for church buildings because the New Testament was written in Greek. Spurgeon's London Metropolitan Tabernacle of 1861 dramatically illustrated this alternative view.

Buildings of note

Fine examples of Dissenting Gothic include:
 The Union Chapel, on Upper Street, Islington, London - by James Cubitt (1877-9)
 The Abney Park Chapel, Stoke Newington, London - by William Hosking FSA and his client George Collison (1838–40)
 St. Paul's Presbyterian Church, St. James' Street, London - by William Thomas (1854)
 The Unitarian Chapel/Welsh Baptist Chapel/Islamic Academy, Upper Brook Street, Manchester - by Charles Barry (1837–39)
 Mill Hill Chapel, Leeds  - by Bowman & Crowther (1847–48)
 The Unitarian Chapel, Gee Cross, Hyde, Cheshire - by Bowman & Crowther (1846–48) - a commission refused by Pugin
 Cavendish Street Congregational Church, Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester - by Edward Walters (1847–48) (demolished)
 Friar Lane Congregational Chapel, Nottingham (1828)
 St. Matthew's United Church, Halifax, Nova Scotia (1857)

References

Bibliography

Further reading
 Cherry, Bridget, ed. (2007), Dissent and the Gothic Revival: papers from a study day at Union Chapel, Islington, London: The Chapels Society
 Jobson, F. J. (1850; reprinted 1991) Chapel and School Architecture, Peterborough: WHMS (Methodist Publishing House)  (1850 ed. Hamilton, Adams & Co., London)

Church architecture
Architectural styles
Architecture in the United Kingdom
Gothic Revival architecture
Revival architectural styles
Victorian architectural styles


Paul de Lange (born 4 February 1981 in Beverwijk) is a Dutch footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for Katwijk in the Dutch Tweede Divisie.

Career
De Lange started his career as a youth soccer player at local amateur club R.K. v.v. DEM Beverwijk, before making the move to the youth department of Telstar. He made his debut in professional football at age 19, on 19 August 2000 in the Eerste Divisie match against Excelsior, coming on as a 90th-minute substitute for Melvin Holwijn. The match ended in a 3–1 win for the White Lions. He was signed by SC Heerenveen in the summer of 2003, making his Eredivisie-debut on 17 August 2003, the opening day of the 2003–04 Eredivisie season, in a 0–1 away victory against FC Volendam. De Lange made a further 27 league appearances in the 2003–04 season, then joined RBC Roosendaal the following season. After three years in Roosendaal, he was picked up by Superleague Greece club Veria. After 15 appearances for the Greek side, he was picked up by newly promoted Eredivisie side FC Volendam in May 2008 making 31 league appearances and scoring 5 goals in that season.

In January 2011, De Lange went to Almere City on loan for the rest of the season.

References

External links
 Paul de Lange profile on VI.nl

1981 births
Living people
Dutch men's footballers
SC Telstar players
SC Heerenveen players
RBC Roosendaal players
Veria F.C. players
FC Volendam players
Almere City FC players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
Derde Divisie players
Super League Greece players
Sportspeople from Beverwijk
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Dutch expatriate men's footballers
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Greece
VV Katwijk players
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from North Holland


Newport is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States, with the ZIP code of 24128.  It is located in a valley between Salt Pond Mountain, Sherman's Nose and Gap Mountain.

Description

The origin of the town's name is uncertain.  It may have been derived from the name of one of the first settlers in the area, Captain Newport.   Other accounts describe the name as referring to the town being a new trading post and hence called Newport.  A settlement on the coast, now known as Newport News, attempted to take away the name but a court held that Newport, being the older of the two, could keep its name.

The community is just south of the Sinking Creek Valley Cluster and southeast of the Mountain Lake Wilderness Cluster, areas in the Jefferson National Forest designated by the Wilderness Society as containing "Mountain Treasures".

History
As evidenced by Indian relics such as tomahawks and arrowheads, the area was once a hunting ground when settlers first arrived.  The town was on the route of a stagecoach line running from Yellow Sulphur Springs in Montgomery County and continuing on to West Virginia, then part of Virginia. During the Civil War a battle was fought around the town with armies located on adjacent hills.

A fire destroyed most of the town on April 1, 1902, leaving only a few residences, two churches and some old stables.  Places lost to the fire included Keister's Tannery, a Mason Hall, Miller's Store, Smith's Hotel, and a small drug store.  An old slave house survived the fire providing shelter for the owners.

Newport was a thriving community with many businesses. An iron foundry, located on Sinking Creek, made pig iron from ore mined near Newport.  A woolen mill in Newport obtained power from a 37-foot diameter overshot water wheel.  The mill was later converted into a woodworking plant, then into a blacksmith shop and then into an automobile workshop.  There were several mills including the Zell Mill and the Payne Mill.  The town had three distilleries, each with a bar room.

Notable people
Bob Porterfield, baseball player
Mike Williams, baseball player
Yancey Strickler, co-founder of Kickstarter
Michael Huffman, songwriter

References

External links
Newport area profile
Newport Historic District
Greater Newport Rural Historic District

Unincorporated communities in Giles County, Virginia
Unincorporated communities in Virginia


The men's 100 metre backstroke was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1932 Summer Olympics programme. It was the sixth appearance of the event, which was established in 1908. The competition was held from Wednesday August 10, 1932 to Friday August 12, 1932.

Sixteen swimmers from nine nations competed.

Medalists

Records
These were the standing world and Olympic records (in minutes) prior to the 1932 Summer Olympics.

Results

Heats

Wednesday August 10, 1932: The fastest two in each heat and the fastest third-placed from across the heats advanced to the final.

Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Heat 4

Semifinals

Thursday August 11, 1932: The fastest three in each semi-final advanced to the final.

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Final

Friday August 12, 1932: Ernst Küppers who seems to be the main rival of the Japanese swimmers committed a false start, maybe this was the reason why he was only able to finish fifth.

References

External links
Olympic Report

Swimming at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Men's events at the 1932 Summer Olympics


The Cornish Art Colony (or Cornish Artists’ Colony, or Cornish Colony) was a popular art colony centered in Cornish, New Hampshire, from about 1895 through the years of World War I.  Attracted by the natural beauty of the area, about 100 artists, sculptors, writers, designers, and politicians lived there either full-time or during the summer months.  With views across the Connecticut River Valley to Mount Ascutney in Vermont, the bucolic scenery was considered to resemble that of an Italian landscape.

The central figure of the Cornish Colony was Augustus Saint-Gaudens.  Beginning around 1885, Augustus attracted a summer colony of artists that grew into a single extended social network.  Some were related, some were friends, some were promising students from the Art Students League of New York that Saint-Gaudens had co-founded, and some were Saint-Gaudens' assistants who developed significant careers of their own.

After his death in 1907 it slowly dissipated. His house and gardens are now preserved as Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site.

Though the colony's name referred to its social center in the village of Cornish, geographically it was spread out over the villages of Windsor, Vermont, and Plainfield, New Hampshire, as well. Windsor was the mailing address for the entire area and the arrival point of most of the colonists, who usually came from New York City by train.

People associated with the Cornish Colony

The following people are known to have been part of the colony:

 Adeline Pond Adams, poet and art historian
 Herbert Adams, sculptor
 Ethel Barrymore, actress
 George de Forest Brush, painter
 Witter Bynner, poet
 Winston Churchill, American novelist
 Kenyon Cox, painter and muralist
 Thomas Dewing, painter
 Marie Dressler, actress
 Isadora Duncan, dancer
 Arthur Farwell, composer
 Barry Faulkner, muralist and mosaicist
 Daniel Chester French, sculptor
 Henry Brown Fuller, painter
 Lucia Fairchild Fuller, painter
 Learned Hand, judge
 Percy MacKaye, dramatist
 Paul Manship, sculptor
 Rose Standish Nichols, garden designer, writer, and activist
 Maxfield Parrish, painter and muralist
 Stephen Parrish, painter and etcher
 Maxwell Perkins, editor
 Charles A. Platt, architect and garden designer
 Frederic Remington, painter, sculptor and author
 Augustus Saint-Gaudens, sculptor
 Louis St. Gaudens, sculptor and Augustus Saint-Gaudens' brother
 Everett Shinn, painter and illustrator
 Florence Scovel Shinn, illustrator and writer
 Ellen Biddle Shipman, landscape architect
 Bessie Potter Vonnoh, sculptor
 Robert Vonnoh, painter
 Woodrow Wilson, American president
 William Zorach, sculptor
 Willard Metcalf, painter
 Witter Bynner, poet

See also
 New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 134: The Cornish Colony

References

External links
AskART: Cornish Colony
Cornish Colony Museum archive copy of website
Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Master Sculptor, exhibition catalog fully online as PDF from The Metropolitan Museum of Art

American artist groups and collectives
Art in New Hampshire
Sullivan County, New Hampshire
Cornish, New Hampshire


Mike Kirkland may refer to:

Sportspeople
Mike Kirkland (American football) (born 1954), former American football quarterback
Mike Kirkland (politician), member of the Alabama House of Representatives
Mike Kirkland (coach), athletic director at Southwestern College in Winfield, Kansas
Mike Kirkland (rally driver) (born 1947), Kenyan rally driver

Musicians
Mike Kirkland, member of the folk singing group The Brothers Four, 1957–1969
Mike James Kirkland (born 1949), American R&B singer


The Old National Park Service Housing Historic District in Bryce Canyon National Park represents the first housing development within the park specifically designed to house National Park Service employees. Most of these units were intended for unmarried seasonal employees, and were small in scale.  The majority were built  between 1932 and 1936.  Plans were developed by the Park Service Branch of Plans and Design. The district includes several cabins, a ranger dormitory, and a "wood vendor" structure.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Bryce Canyon National Park
Park buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
Houses in Utah
Residential buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah
Rustic architecture in Utah
1932 establishments in Utah
National Register of Historic Places in Garfield County, Utah


"Fall for You" is a song by Australian band, The Whitlams. It was released in June 2002. as the lead single from their fifth studio album Torch the Moon. It peaked at number 21 in Australia.

Reception
The Guardian said, "With its shuffling beat and bendy guitar notes, this is the Whitlams song most often enjoyed by people who don’t normally like the Whitlams. It’s undeniably catchy and the whisper of a woman’s vocals underneath Freedman’s gives it a hypnotic quality."

Track listing
"Fall for You" [Single Mix] – 3:50
"Fall for You" [Perky Mix] – 3:37
"I Will Not Go Quietly" [album version] – 3:53
"I Will Not Go Quietly" [radio edit] – 3:29
"One in a Million" [Love This City Outtake] – 4:03
"Fall for You" [Atomica remix] – 4:36

Charts

References

The Whitlams songs
2002 singles
Songs written by Tim Freedman


Rafael Uiterloo (born 7 December 1990) is a Dutch footballer who plays for DVS '33 in the Dutch Derde Divisie. His favourite position on the field is forward.

Career
Born in Amsterdam, Uiterloo joined FC Utrecht from the Ajax academy in the summer of 2008. He made his professional debut in the 2008–09 season opener against PSV (1–5 defeat); he scored the only Utrecht goal. Uiterloo left Utrecht in July 2009 and joined on loan to FC Omniworld. He spent the 2009–10 Eerste Divisie campaign with Omniworld but returned to Utrecht before 1 August because of a meniscus surgery. He joined Baniyas SC in 2010.

On 25 September 2019 Uiterloo joined Derde Divisie club DVS '33.

References

External links
 Voetbal International profile

1990 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
Dutch men's footballers
Dutch expatriate men's footballers
Dutch sportspeople of Surinamese descent
FC Utrecht players
Almere City FC players
Baniyas Club players
SC Telstar players
FC Eindhoven players
Footballers from Amsterdam
AVV Zeeburgia players
FC Lienden players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
Tweede Divisie players
Derde Divisie players
UAE Pro League players
National Premier Soccer League players
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
DVS '33 players


Rocky Mountain Animal Defense (RMAD) was a U.S.-based non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that helped eliminate the human-imposed suffering of animals in the Rocky Mountain region. The group was formed in 1994. RMAD furthered its mission through public education, community outreach, litigation, legislation and hands-on work. As of May, 2010, the group was renamed Rocky Mountain Justice for Animals under the leadership of Executive Director Karen Breslin.

History
In 1993, an undercover exposé of conditions (Part 1, Part 2) was filmed at an intensive egg farm operation in Boulder, Colorado. Leveraging the publicity generated by the video, a small but dedicated group of volunteers banded together to form RMAD. Historically, volunteer effort has fueled the work of RMAD. Over the years, paid staff has been phased in to support these volunteers, conduct program work, and administer the organization.

Funding
Approximately 75 percent of RMAD's funding came from individual contributions and membership dues. Approximately 20 percent came from foundations. The remaining 5 percent came from businesses and corporations. The organization devoted approximately 80 percent of its budget toward programs that directly supported education and advocacy efforts on behalf of animals. It used about 20 percent of its budget for administration and organizational development.

See also
 List of animal rights groups

External links
Denver Post, LA Times, Environmental Magazine
"Raw Footage, Raw Pain" documentary (Part 1, Part 2)

Animal welfare organizations based in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Colorado
Organizations based in Denver
Organizations established in 1994


Ezra Millington "Salt Rock" Midkiff (November 13, 1882 – March 20, 1957)  was a Major League Baseball third baseman who played in  with the Cincinnati Reds and in  and  with the New York Highlanders (renamed the New York Yankees for the 1913 season). Midkiff was nicknamed "Salt Rock" due to his birthplace of Salt Rock, West Virginia.

Major League career

Midkiff was 26 years old when he made his Major League debut on October 5, 1909, with the Cincinnati Reds. After spending time in the minor leagues, Midkiff was acquired by the Highlanders from the San Antonio Bronchos of the Texas League in 1912. Midkiff spent 1913 as the starting third baseman for the Yankees, but Fritz Maisel took the job midway through the season, and Midkiff was sold to the minor league Baltimore Orioles in August.

Minor league career

In 1914, Midkiff was a teammate of Babe Ruth before Ruth came to the majors.  After parts of two seasons in Baltimore, Midkiff ended the 1914 season with the Louisville Colonels of the American Association.

In May 1915, Midkiff was named the Colonels' manager. Midkiff, who was at the time suffering from a broken ankle, was named Manager of the club in place of John F. Hayden. At the end of the season, Midkiff was let go, and signed with the Memphis Chickasaws of the Southern Association. He continued to play in the minor leagues until 1921, and as late as 1940 managed the Huntington Aces of the class-D Mountain State League.

Death
Midkiff died on March 20, 1957, in Huntington, West Virginia.

References

External links

1882 births
1957 deaths
Baseball players from West Virginia
Cincinnati Reds players
New York Highlanders players
New York Yankees players
Major League Baseball third basemen
Greenville Spinners players
Winston-Salem Twins players
Akron Champs players
San Antonio Bronchos players
Baltimore Orioles (International League) players
Louisville Colonels (minor league) players
Memphis Chickasaws players
Atlanta Crackers players
Scranton Miners players
Wilkes-Barre Barons (baseball) players
Charleston Palmettos players
Charleston Pals players
Charlotte Hornets (baseball) players
Louisville Colonels (minor league) managers


The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (TDI) has garnered significant accomplishments since its inception. Established in 1988 by John Wennberg as the Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences (CECS) and later reorganized in 2007 to its current form as TDI, the institute has made substantial strides in the realms of healthcare education, research, and policy

One of its major accomplishments is the development and dissemination of the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, a seminal publication widely regarded for its documentation of unwarranted variations in the American healthcare system. The Atlas has played a crucial role in illuminating disparities in healthcare delivery and has influenced policy discussions and reforms within the healthcare landscape.

Additionally, TDI offers a robust graduate-level education program, incorporating elements from both Dartmouth College's Graduate Arts and Sciences Programs and the Geisel School of Medicine. The program awards Masters in Public Health degrees, as well as Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in Health Policy and Clinical Science, contributing to the development of a skilled and knowledgeable healthcare workforce.

In furthering its mission of improving healthcare, TDI engages in comprehensive research endeavors, aiming to enhance the understanding of healthcare systems and practices. This research often culminates in influential academic publications, fostering informed discourse and driving evidence-based policy recommendations in the healthcare domain. Through these collective efforts, TDI continues to be a formidable force in advancing healthcare through education, research, and policy reforms.

Several notable individuals have been associated with The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (TDI), contributing to its significant impact in the field of healthcare research, education, and policy reform.

 John Wennberg: The founder of TDI, John Wennberg was a pioneer in healthcare research and played a fundamental role in establishing the Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences (CECS), which eventually evolved into TDI. His work focused on variations in healthcare delivery and its implications for policy and practice, laying the foundation for the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care.
 Elliot S. Fisher: A prominent figure associated with TDI, Elliot S. Fisher is a healthcare researcher and policy expert. He has made substantial contributions to understanding healthcare delivery and has been a driving force behind initiatives related to accountable care organizations (ACOs) and health system reform.
 Jonathan Skinner: Jonathan Skinner is an influential health economist and researcher affiliated with TDI. His research primarily revolves around healthcare spending, Medicare policy, and the implications of healthcare disparities. He has made noteworthy contributions to understanding regional variations in healthcare utilization and spending.
 Elliott S. Fisher: Elliott S. Fisher, a researcher and healthcare policy expert, has been associated with TDI. His research focuses on health system transformation, regional variations in healthcare, and health policy evaluation. He has contributed significantly to the understanding of accountable care organizations and health system improvements.
 Julie P.W. Bynum: Julie P.W. Bynum is a respected researcher and physician associated with TDI. Her work encompasses understanding healthcare utilization patterns, particularly among older adults. She has made significant contributions to the study of aging and healthcare, with an emphasis on improving care for elderly populations.

These individuals, along with many others associated with The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (TDI), have collectively made significant strides in research, education, and policy reform, impacting the healthcare landscape and promoting improved healthcare outcomes.

References

Dartmouth College
Health Policy and Clinical Practice Program
Health policy in the United States


The Hungarian Orienteering Federation (, MTFSZ) is the governing body for orienteering in Hungary. It is recognized as Hungary's national orienteering association by the International Orienteering Federation (IOF), of which it is a member.

History
The federation was established in 1957, and was among the ten founding members of IOF in 1961.

The Hungarian Orienteering Federation hosted the World Orienteering Championships in 1983, when the championships were held in Zalaegerszeg in western Hungary. They also hosted the world championships in 2009.

Hungary first participated in international orienteering championship in 1962. Their female team won a silver medal in the relay at the 1970 World Orienteering Championships, and a bronze medal in 1976, and the men's team won a bronze medal in 1972. Among Hungarian individual world champions are Sarolta Monspart (1972), Katalin Oláh (1991 and 1995).

See also
 Hungarian orienteers

References

National members of the International Orienteering Federation
Orienteering
1957 establishments in Hungary
Sports organizations established in 1957


Diario VEA is a daily newspaper in Venezuela. It was founded in Caracas in 2003. It is owned by the government. Its slogan is Comprometidos con Venezuela ("Committed to Venezuela"). Its director is Guillermo García Ponce. It comes in a tabloid format. It has been described as "the mouthpiece of the Bolivarian Revolution".

Politics
Ideologically Diario VEA is on the left side of the political spectrum, and as a result of its ownership by the state, it is much friendlier to President Hugo Chávez than most of  Venezuela's dailies; hence its editorial line is critical of the United States and the Venezuelan opposition, as well as the Colombian government.

See also
 List of newspapers in Venezuela

References

External links
Diario VEA on-line

Spanish-language newspapers
Newspapers published in Venezuela
Mass media in Caracas


Layoni (also Layeni) is a village in the Maluku Islands of Indonesia.

Populated places in Maluku (province)


The Sheffield Iris was an early weekly newspaper published on Tuesdays in Sheffield, England.

The first newspaper to be published in Sheffield to see any degree of success was the Sheffield Weekly Journal in 1754.  This was bought out in 1755 by the Sheffield Weekly Register, and was thereafter published in Doncaster.

History

Sheffield Register

The Sheffield Register was the next newspaper to be established in the town.  It was founded by Joseph Gales, a Unitarian, who supported various Radical causes, advocating religious tolerance, Parliamentary reform and the abolition of slavery, and opposed boxing and bull-baiting.

In June 1787, he began publishing the Sheffield Register, initially in partnership with David Martin, from offices in Hartshead. James Montgomery denied that he or Joseph Gales met Thomas Paine at this time (Holland, John, and James Everett. Memoirs of the life and writings of James Montgomery. 7 vols. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, 1854-56.1:79; 1:156n). The newspaper focussed on reporting local news, and on reprinting tracts by reformers such as Paine and Joseph Priestley. This was a novelty, as most provincial newspapers of the day simply reprinted stories from the London press.

In 1789, Martin left the partnership. Gales' politics became more prominent, and the newspaper celebrated the French Revolution and acted as the mouthpiece of the Sheffield Society for Constitutional Information, an artisan-based political organization established by Gales in 1791 which called for radical reforms.

The Register was extremely popular in the early 1790s, selling up to 2,000 copies of each issue. Gales established a companion fortnightly political journal, The Patriot, in 1792. The same year, the poet James Montgomery was appointed as clerk and bookkeeper for the newspaper offices.

In 1794, the Government began arresting leaders of the Corresponding Societies, and Gales wrote articles decrying this. Gales was suspected of writing a letter offering to sell pikes to the London society, but was on business in Derby when troops arrived to arrest him.

Alarmed as to his safety, Gales published his final issue of the Register, before fleeing to Hamburg in Germany.  His wife Winifred remained behind to sell the Register to Montgomery, who relaunched the newspaper as the Sheffield Iris and adopted a less radical editorial line. Montgomery initially used capital supplied by the Unitarian minister Benjamin Naylor.

Sheffield Iris
Despite moderating the newspaper's line, Montgomery was prosecuted for sedition in 1795 for publishing a poem on a handbill which celebrated the fall of the Bastille, and was sentenced to three months in prison. On his release, he negotiated Naylor's withdrawal and became sole proprietor. In August, he wrote a report offering mild criticism of an incident in Norfolk Street, where a popular protest was attacked by a militia, resulting in two deaths. He was again prosecuted, this time for malicious libel, and was imprisoned for six months.  While he was in prison, John Pye-Smith took over as editor, and kept the paper running. On Christmas Eve 1816 the paper published Montgomery's carol, "Angels from the Realms of Glory", which was to become one of the most popular Christmas carols sung in England.

The Iris remained a successful newspaper, but Montgomery developed other interests and, in the face of increased competition, from the Sheffield and Rotherham Independent and the Sheffield Mercury, he sold it in to local bookseller John Blackwell in 1825.  Blackwell appointed the poet John Holland as editor, and despite frequently expressing his dislike for the role, Holland spent much of the rest of his life as a newspaper editor.  The Iris ceased publication in 1848.

A Sheffield Iris newspaper was briefly revived in 1855, following the removal of stamp duty, but lasted only until the following year.

References

1787 establishments in England
Defunct newspapers published in the United Kingdom
Mass media in Sheffield
Publications disestablished in 1848
Publications established in 1787


"Hate My Life" is a song by Canadian rock group Theory of a Deadman. It was released in October 2008 as the fourth overall single (third American single and fifth Canadian single) from their third studio album Scars & Souvenirs. The track was selected as BBC Radio One's Track of the Week for the week ending March 20, 2009.

Background and writing
According to Tyler Connolly, the band's lead singer, this song enables people to feel that no matter how bad their own life is going, that there is always someone out there who feels just as bad.

Music video
According to Theory's site, the video was shot on November 15, 2008. It was asked on the site, as a contest, for forty fans to star in the music video. It was filmed at the Warner Brothers Studio in Burbank, California. It was released January 9, 2009, on Yahoo! Music. It was directed by Bill Fishman.

At the beginning of the video, Tyler sees a hobo, and then he starts singing the song, the lyrics matching everything that is happening in the video. He complains about how he hates hobos ("So sick of the hobos always begging for change, I don't like how I gotta work and they just sit around and get paid"), he almost gets hit by a car ("I hate all of the people, who can't drive their cars...), we meet his wife, played by his real wife Christine Danielle Connolly ("I hate how my wife; is always up my ass...), a girl drops her bag of lingerie (Tyler looking at it interestingly), a construction worker's boss telling him off ("I still hate my job, my boss is a dick...), and when he sings the chorus, a sign comes down from a building reading "I Hate My Life." Then, Tyler jumps onto a parade float with the rest of the band, performing the rest of the song. Behind them travels a huge group of people, which include the hobo, the construction workers, and the others Tyler ran into.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

Theory of a Deadman songs
2008 singles
604 Records singles
Songs written by Tyler Connolly
Song recordings produced by Howard Benson
2008 songs


Robert Daniel Zehr, Sr. (April 18, 1916 – August 4, 2001) was an American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.  Zehr placed fourth in the men's 100-meter backstroke, finishing with a time of 1:10.9.

See also
 List of Northwestern University alumni

External links

1916 births
2001 deaths
American male backstroke swimmers
Northwestern Wildcats men's swimmers
Olympic swimmers for the United States
Sportspeople from Fort Wayne, Indiana
Swimmers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
20th-century American sportsmen


Pietro Vannini (1413/1414–1495/1496) was an Italian artist and silversmith.

Vannini was highly skilled in metalwork. A Processional Cross he created in 1455 was made by taking sheets of silver that he hammered, chased, and gilded to create a design, then attached to a wooden core. Some of his other works reside at the Municipal Art Gallery of Ascoli Piceno. He died in Marche.

References

1413 births
1495 deaths
Italian silversmiths


Iraota distanti, the Distant's silverstreak, is  a species of lycaenid or blue butterfly with at least two subspecies found in Peninsular Thailand, Malaya, Singapore, Sumatra, Mentawi and Borneo.

Gallery

External links
 Shows a photo of female I. distanti from Singapore

Cited references

Amblypodiini
Butterflies of Borneo
Butterflies described in 1889


Robert William Kerber (June 11, 1913 – December 1, 1991) was an American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.  Kerber finished sixth in the men's 100-meter backstroke, recording a time of 1:12.8 in the event final.

See also
 List of Northwestern University alumni

External links
  Robert Kerber – Olympic athlete profile at Sports-Reference.com

1913 births
1991 deaths
American male backstroke swimmers
Northwestern Wildcats men's swimmers
Olympic swimmers for the United States
Sportspeople from Park Ridge, Illinois
Swimmers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
20th-century American people


Nick de Jong (born 26 September 1989) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a forward.

Career
De Jong was born in Hoofddorp. He made his debut for FC Utrecht on 5 October 2008, in a 3–0 home victory over FC Twente. He scored the third goal of the match, making him the third Utrecht player in a few months time to score in his debut (after Randy Wolters and Rafael Uiterloo).

On 28 May 2010, de Jong left FC Utrecht and signed for HSV Hoek.

Career statistics

Notes

External links
Nick de Jong at Voetbal International

Living people
1989 births
Sportspeople from Haarlemmermeer
Men's association football forwards
Dutch men's footballers
FC Utrecht players
HSV Hoek players
Eredivisie players
Footballers from North Holland


Boobs! The Musical: The World According to Ruth Wallis is a musical revue with lyrics and music by 1950s and 1960s star Ruth Wallis. Using 20 of Wallis' songs, Boobs! tells the story of Ruth Wallis' international career and struggles in performing her naughty songs. Boobs! The Musical opened at the Triad Theater in New York City on May 19, 2003 to critical praise.

The New York Times review noted that Boobs! The Musical "exudes a joyous innocence" and featured "a lot of talent onstage. The six-person cast, which also includes the talented and good-looking Kristy Cates and Robert Hunt, is expertly directed by Donna Drake and choreographed by Lawrence Leritz."  Boobs! eventually transferred to Dillon's Reprise Room; by closing date it had played nearly 300 performances. It had subsequent long runs in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 2004, and in Wichita, Kansas, in 2005, with international productions beginning in New Zealand 2017. Broadway vets Lawrence Leritz was producer/choreographer and Donna Drake, director.  Also notable  were the costumes by J. Kevin Draves and Robert Pease and set by two time Emmy award winning set designer Eric Harriz. The book adaptation was written by Steve Mackes and Michael Whaley.

Boobs! originally had a workshop at The Pulse Ensemble Theatre on the Off Broadway 42nd Street Theatre Row in December 2000.  Various notable cast members from the three New York productions included J. Robert Spencer, Jenny-Lynn Suckling, Robert Hunt, Kristy Cates, Clyde Alves, Alena Watters, Brad Bradley, Tony Falcon, Benjie Randall, David Villella and the New York theatre debut of Gennifer Flowers.

Musical numbers
 Boobs!
 Queer Things Are Happening
 The Dingy Song
 Man Of My Own
 All The Clowns
 Pizza Every Night
 Johnny's Yo Yo
 Ugly Man With Money
 I Know
 Love Is For The Birds
 Drill 'Em All
 Always Be A Bride

Awards and nominations
 2004 Mac Awards Best Musical Revue (Lawrence Leritz, nominee)
 2005 Big Easy Awards Best Musical (Lawrence Leritz, All Kinds of Theatre, nominees)
 2005 Big Easy Awards Best Costumes (Winner, Cecile Casey Covert, based on original designs by Robert Pease and J. Kevin Draves)
 2005 Big Easy Awards Best Musical Director (Harry Mayronne, nominee)
 2005 Big Easy Awards Best Director (Carl Walker, nominee)
 2005 Ambie Awards Best Ensemble Cast (Winners: Becky Allen, Maureen Brennan, Bob Edes, Jr., Ann Mahoney, Robert Thomas, Chris Wecklein)
 2006 Teall Awards Best Musical (Lawrence Leritz, Cabaret Oldtown, nominees)
 2006 Teall Awards Best Choreography (nominee, based on original choreography by Lawrence Leritz)

References

Sources
 Jones, Kenneth (July 30, 2003). "Boobs! The Musical Bustin' Out All Over; Cast Album, Regional Runs Expected", Playbill.
 Simon, John (August 11, 2003). "Edge – Boobs! – Judy Speaks", New York Magazine.
 Gates, Anita (May 29, 2003). "THEATER REVIEW; She Doesn't Need Her Vocal Chords to Sing , The New York Times.
 Jones, Kenneth (Dec. 19, 2003)  "Boobs! The Musical Busts Its Way Into NYC Theatre District Dec. 19; Clyde Alves Joins Cast"  https://web.archive.org/web/20080920035044/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/83375.html  Playbill

External links
 Lortel Archives:Internet Off-Broadway Database
 Boobs! The Musical Official Website

2003 musicals
Off-Broadway musicals
Original musicals
Musicals inspired by real-life events
Revues


"Not Meant to Be" is a song recorded by Canadian rock group Theory of a Deadman for their third studio album, Scars & Souvenirs (2008). Band members Tyler Connolly, Dave Brenner, and Dean Back composed the song, while Connolly co-wrote the lyrics with songwriter and producer Kara DioGuardi. The song was released November 18, 2008 as the album's fifth overall radio single. It was the first song from the album to impact mainstream radio in the United States, concurrent with the release of "Hate My Life" to rock formats. In 2009, "Not Meant to Me" was included on the soundtrack to the science fiction action film, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen.

"Not Meant to Be" became the group's highest-charting entry in the United States, peaking at number 55 on the Billboard Hot 100 as well as their first top ten hit on the Billboard Adult Top 40 airplay chart. The song has been certified Platinum by both Music Canada and the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Content
"Not Meant to Be" is a ballad with influences of pop and rock music composed in the key of A minor and set in common time to a "slow" tempo of 120 BPM. The vocals range over two octaves from D to G. The song is written from the point of view of a man who wants to be with his ex-girlfriend so much after their relationship ends, but she is never satisfied with him and keeps pushing him away, leaving him thinking that their relationship is "not meant to be." Lead vocalist Tyler Connolly co-wrote the lyrics with Kara DioGuardi at the latter's house. "We wrote 'Not Meant To Be' in 5 minutes," Connolly said in a 2009 interview with The Gauntlet. "Our writing styles fit together so perfectly it was almost like it was 'meant to be.'" In the same interview, DioGuardi stated that "the best part about my job is that you never know who you are going to meet, and who's going to inspire you. Although I'd never worked with Tyler, when he started singing the song, I knew we were onto something special." The song's mid-tempo composition has been compared to the work of labelmates Nickelback.

Critical reception
In a review of the album Scars & Souvenirs for AllMusic, Katherine Fulton identified "Not Meant to Be" as an example of the album's "derivative" sound, writing that its "melody and chorus bear more than a passing resemblance to" Nickelback's 2006 single "Rockstar".

Music video
The band filmed the music video with Tony Petrossian in February 2009. It features Kara DioGuardi (the song's co-writer) as the love interest. It was released on March 25, 2009. The video begins when Kara walks out on Tyler, breaks up with him and drives away. By the first chorus in the song, all of the non-singing scenes start running backwards: all the objects in the house (including a fish tank, a wine rack, a mirror, a table, two chairs and more) change from broken to unbroken and Kara's car is also shown travelling backwards, implying that the whole timeline of the main story is running in reverse. At the end of the video, Kara goes back to the house and hugs Tyler. The final scene depicts Tyler and Kara hugging each other.

Track listing
Digital EP – released July 10, 2009
 "Not Meant to Be" — 3:35
 "Not Meant to Be" (Acoustic) — 3:29
 "Not Meant to Be" (Music Video) — 3:33

Chart positions
"Not Meant to Be" debuted at number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart dated April 25, 2009. It later peaked at number 55 on the chart dated July 4, 2009, the group's highest-charting entry to date. The song experienced similar success in Canada, reaching number 53 on the Canadian Hot 100.

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

References

2008 singles
Theory of a Deadman songs
604 Records singles
Songs written by Kara DioGuardi
Music videos directed by Tony Petrossian
Songs written by Tyler Connolly
2008 songs


Lorella Cuccarini Persili (born August 10, 1965) is an Italian dancer, television presenter, singer, and actress.

Life and career
Born in Rome, at nine years old Cuccarini started to attend the dance school of  (choreographer and husband of Carmen Russo).
After some experiences as a chorus girl, Cuccarini made her television debut at twenty years old alongside Pippo Baudo in the sixth edition of Fantastico, then she worked for RAI and Mediaset in many successful variety shows, including Festivalbar, seven editions of Paperissima and of Trenta ore per la vita, three editions of Buona Domenica.

Cuccarini is also a singer, with several top-ten charting singles and albums; in 1995 she entered the competition at the Sanremo Music Festival (she had hosted two years earlier), ranking tenth with the song "Un altro amore no".

Beyoncé borrows heavily from her work
Following her performance at the 2011 Billboard Music Awards, American pop star Beyoncé initially received widespread praise from fans and critics. Critics, however, voiced concerns about similarities to Cuccarini's in February 2010 performance at the 60th Sanremo Music Festival. Billy Johnson, Jr of Yahoo! Music wrote: "Kenzo Digital, who spent a month creating Beyoncé's interactive video, told Yahoo! News that Lorella concert footage is only part of the inspiration for Beyoncé's show: "[The Cuccarini artists] are awesome and do incredible work as well, but there are a lot of different inspirations for where our piece came from." Beyoncé responded two days later through an interview with AOL Music, saying she was inspired after finding Cuccarini's performance online:"My makeup artist showed me the performance of Lorella Cuccarini a year ago, and it inspired me so much. I then met with the talented people who worked on it. The technology and concept were so genius. She was inspired after discovering Cuccarini's performance online. Thank God for YouTube or I would have never been exposed to something so inspiring. I never worked so hard on anything in my life as that performance for the Billboard Awards."

Personal life and family
Cuccarini married the composer Silvio Testi in 1991. They have four children.

Her father, Vero Cuccarini, has been repeatedly convicted of usury. In January 2019 she openly spoke in favour of the anti-refugee policies of Matteo Salvini, leader of Lega Nord. Meanwhile, she also expressed opinions against the appeals for reception of Pope Francis.

Discography

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Singles

Other appearances

Filmography

As an actress

Other appearances

Stage

References

External links

1965 births
Living people
Actresses from Rome
Italian female dancers
Italian women singers
Italian television actresses
Italian television presenters
Singers from Rome
Italian women television presenters
Mass media people from Rome


Ernst Küppers (July 9, 1904 – July 24, 1976) was a German backstroke swimmer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics and in the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Viersen and died in Nordhorn. He was the husband of Reni Erkens and the father of Ernst-Joachim Küppers.

In 1928, he finished fifth in the 100 metre backstroke competition. Four years later he again finished fifth in the 100 metre backstroke event at the 1932 Games.

Thinking Kuppers was likely to win the 100 metre backstroke at the 1934 European Championships in Magdeburg, Hitler commissioned a large bronze eagle trophy for the race. This weighed over  and stood nearly  high. When John Besford of England won the race, Hitler refused to present the trophy as intended and left the stadium, leaving one of his officials to present it instead to Küppers’ rival.

External links
profile

1904 births
1976 deaths
People from Viersen
Sportspeople from Düsseldorf (region)
German male swimmers
Olympic swimmers for Germany
Swimmers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming
Male backstroke swimmers
20th-century German people


Tom Dugan (born 1961) is an American theater, film and television actor who appeared in nearly 50 films and television series since 1986.

Life and career
Tom Dugan grew up in Winfield Township, New Jersey and studied theater at Montclair State University. Dugan has been professionally acting in Los Angeles for over 25 years and is the 2011 Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award-Winner for Best Solo Performance for his work as Simon Wiesenthal in Wiesenthal.

An LA Times Critics' Pick for 2010, Tom Dugan wrote and starred in one-man historical plays Robert E. Lee - Shades of Gray and Wiesenthal, and wrote and directed Frederick Douglass - In the Shadow of Slavery and The Ghosts of Mary Lincoln. Dugan often plays in the area of one-person shows, and has had as many as five shows in production simultaneously. His regional theatre work includes leading roles in The Man Who Came to Dinner, Misery, Amadeus and The Voice of the Prairie and Tevye in New York. He has also starred in national tours of Oscar to Oscar and On Golden Pond with Jack Klugman, along with national tours of his own plays including Robert E. Lee – Shades of Gray and Wiesenthal. Dugan is a member of the Colony Theatre in Los Angeles, CA, Theatre 40 in Beverly Hills, CA, Theatrical Arts International, SAG/AFTRA, and Actors Equity. Accolades for Dugan include three nominations for the 2011 Los Angeles Ovation Awards, for his work in Wiesenthal, and the 2003 Inland Theater League Best Actor Award.

In films, he appeared as Chamberlain from the horror action film Hellraiser: Bloodline (1996), the Surgeon from The Cutting Edge: Going for the Gold (2006) film and Orange Country Man in Pro-Choice (2006). He also appeared as an arms dealer in P.U.N.K.S. (1999), and an operator in The Puppet Masters (1994). Dugan's television and film credits include Bones, Friends, Curb Your Enthusiasm, The Practice, Even Stevens, Chicago Hope, Santa Barbara, Sunset Beach, Just Shoot Me!, Kindergarten Cop and Dave.

Filmography
 1986 Odd Jobs as Lester
 1986 Thunder Run as Wolf
 1988 Perfect Victims as Brandon Poole
 1988 The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad! as Drug Dealer #2
 1989 Brothers in Arms as William
 1989 Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure as Neanderthal #2
 1989 Ghostbusters II as Restaurant Cop #1
 1989 Nightwish as Wendall
 1990 Lisa as Mr. Adams
 1990 Marked for Death as Paco
 1990 Kindergarten Cop as Crisp's Lawyer
 1992 Twogether as Paul
 1993 Dave as Jerry
 1993 Beethoven's 2nd as Hot Dog Vendor
 1994 Dangerous Touch as Freddie
 1994 Menendez: A Killing in Beverly Hills (TV) as Lyle's Jury: Juror #4
 1994 A Friend to Die For (TV) as Public Defender
 1994 The Puppet Masters as Operator #1
 1994 Junior as Lobster Man
 1995 Stuart Saves His Family as Ajax Spokesman
 1995 Leprechaun 3 as Art
 1996 If Looks Could Kill (TV) as Lance Herflin
 1996 Hellraiser: Bloodline as Chamberlain
 1996 White Cargo as Robert
 1996 Galgameth as William
 1998 I've Been Waiting for You (TV) as Ted Rankin
 1999 P.U.N.K.S. as Shareholder
 2000 The Trial of Old Drum (TV)
 2001 Race to Space as Reporter #2
 2003 The Even Stevens Movie (TV) as Keith
 2006 The Cutting Edge: Going for the Gold as Surgeon
 2006 Pro-Choice as Orange Country Man

References

External links

Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
Male actors from New Jersey
Montclair State University alumni
People from Winfield Township, New Jersey
Date of birth missing (living people)
1961 births


Swiss Orienteering is the national Orienteering Association in Switzerland. It is recognized as the  orienteering association for Switzerland by the International Orienteering Federation, of which it is a member.

History
Switzerland was among the ten founding members of the International Orienteering Federation in 1961, and participated in the first European Orienteering Championships in 1962. The Swiss Orienteering Federation was founded in 1978. Switzerland hosted the European championships in 1964, the World Orienteering Championships in 1981, and hosted the Junior World Orienteering Championships in 2016.

See also
 Swiss orienteers

References

National members of the International Orienteering Federation
Orienteering in Switzerland
Orienteering


Again and Again may refer to:

Albums
 Again and Again (Chick Corea album), a 1983 album by Chick Corea
 Again and Again (Oliver Lake album), a 1991 album
 Again & Again, a 2010 album by Thieves Like Us

Songs
 "Again and Again" (2PM song)
 "Again & Again" (Fancy song)
 "Again and Again" (Jewel song)
 "Again and Again" (Status Quo song)
 "Again & Again" (Taproot song)
 "Again & Again", a song by The Bird and the Bee from Again and Again and Again and Again
 "Again and Again", a song by Fireworks from All I Have to Offer Is My Own Confusion
 "Again and Again", a song by The Hospitals from The Hospitals
 "Again and Again", a song by Keane from Perfect Symmetry
 "Again & Again", a song by The Bird and The Bee from their self-titled album
 "Again and Again", a song by Bob Mould from District Line

See also
 Again (disambiguation)


The Alcohol Advisory Council of New Zealand ("ALAC") was established in 1976, by the government of New Zealand, under the Alcohol Advisory Council Act of 1976, following a report by the Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Sale of Liquor. Its purpose is "the encouragement and promotion of moderation in the use of liquor, the discouragement and reduction of the misuse of liquor, and the minimisation of the personal, social, and economic harm resulting from the misuse of liquor."

ALAC is funded by a levy on alcohol produced and imported for sale in New Zealand. The levy is collected by the Customs Service.

Current operations
ALAC has a 2008/09 budget of $12.7m and spent $13m in the 2007 year.

Most of its work revolves around providing information (pamphlets, on-line resources), advertising and education programs.

References

External links
Official Alcohol Advisory Council website

New Zealand autonomous Crown entities
Medical and health organisations based in New Zealand
Alcohol in New Zealand


Robin Chapman Stacey is an American medievalist and celticist based at the University of Washington, Seattle. After finishing her undergraduate life, she attended the University of Oxford where she complete her M. Litt. under Thomas Charles-Edwards, learning Welsh with the tutorship of David Ellis Evans. In 1986 she completed a Ph.D. with a thesis on Irish and Welsh law at Yale University, under John Boswell. Since 1988 she has been teaching at the University of Washington, where she is now a Professor in history.

In addition to many individual scholarly articles, she is the author of the following monographs:

 The Road to Judgment: From Custom to Court in Medieval Ireland and Wales. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994,
 Dark Speech: The Performance of Law in Early Ireland. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007

Dark Speech was a winner of the American Conference for Irish Studies' James S. Donnelly, Sr. Prize for Books on History and Social Sciences in 2007.

Stacey is a recipient of the University of Washington's Distinguished Teaching Awards. Her husband, Robert Stacey, is a divisional dean, and Stroum Endowed Chair, in the Dean's Office of the University of Washington's College of Arts & Sciences.

References

American women historians
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Celtic studies scholars
American medievalists
Women medievalists
University of Washington faculty
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women


Berry Berry Singles is an album by Nana Kitade, released in November 2007. It is her first compilation album, and it features the singles "Kesenai Tsumi", "Kiss or Kiss", and "Antoinette Blue", along with other songs for nine songs total. It also features three bonus tracks including a reworking of "Kesenai Tsumi" and "Alice" with former Megadeth guitarist Marty Friedman and a cover of Daisy Chainsaw's "Love Your Money". The limited edition includes a bonus DVD with documentary footage of Kitade's performance in Paris and an interview of her and Marty Friedman.

Track listing

Singles
"Antoinette Blue (September 5, 2007)

Nana Kitade albums
2006 albums


Barbara Constance Freeman (29 November 1906 – 1999) was an English writer and illustrator of books for children and young adults.

Biography
Barbara Constance Freeman was born on 29 November 1906 in Ealing, near London. She attended the Tiffin Girls' School in Kingston upon Thames in Surrey and later studied at the Kingston School of Art.

She illustrated many books by other writers, including The Treasure Hunters by Enid Blyton, and many collections of fairy tales, both traditional tales by the Brothers Grimm and Hans Christian Andersen and modern stories. Some of her earliest illustrations are found in The Cuckoo Book (1942), a book of fairy tales by Edith Mary Bell. She also contributed to comics, including Playhour, and to annuals, such as Blackie's Children's Annual 1934.

By the 1960s she had begun writing and illustrating her own books for children and young adults. Some have a touch of fantasy: in Two-Thumb Thomas the eponymous hero is raised by school cats; in Broom-Adelaide, a fox rides a flying broomstick. Some, including Lucinda and The Name on the Glass, are set in the past, while in others, such as A Book by Georgina and The Other Face, the lives of the main characters are interwoven with history.

Her books have not remained in print, but some of her illustrations are still available as posters and art prints.

Bibliography
Two-Thumb Thomas (1961)
A Book by Georgina (1962)
Broom-Adelaide (1963)
The Name on the Glass (1964)
Lucinda (1965)
The Forgotten Theatre (1967)
Tobias (1967)
Timi, the Tale of a Griffin (1970)
The Other Face (1975)
A Haunting Air (1977)
A Pocket of Silence (1977)
The Summer Travellers (1978)
Snow in the Maze (1979)
Clemency in the Moonlight (1981)

References

1906 births
1999 deaths
English children's writers
English children's book illustrators
20th-century illustrators of fairy tales
People educated at the Tiffin Girls' School
English comics artists
British female comics artists
British women illustrators
20th-century English women artists
Writers who illustrated their own writing
Artists from London
Writers from Ealing


Willis Sharpe Kilmer (October 18, 1869 – July 12, 1940) was a patent medicine manufacturer, newspaperman, horse breeder, and entrepreneur.

Biography
Willis Kilmer, son of Jonas M. Kilmer and Julia E. Sharpe, was a marketing pioneer, newspaperman, and horse breeder. Born in Brooklyn, New York, he graduated from Cornell University in 1890. He was perhaps best known for advertising and promoting his uncle's Swamp Root patent medicine formula until it became a household name.

Dr. S. Andral Kilmer (1840–1924) developed the Swamp Root formula and began selling it around 1878. Three years later, Dr. Kilmer's brother Jonas (1843–1912) arrived from New York City to help run the fast-growing business. In 1892, Jonas bought out his brother and brought in his son Willis to direct marketing and advertising. Continued success led them to construct the six-story Kilmer Building at Lewis and Chenango Sts in downtown Binghamton, NY as their manufacturing and business headquarters in 1903. The Swamp Root formulation fell out of favor after the advent of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act, which resulted in the federal government imposing testing and labeling requirements on a variety of products, including  patent medicines with dubious claims.

The Kilmer brothers' Swamp Root formula was regarded as fraud and quackery by critics. Medical health experts noted that it was being advertised under false pretenses, the formula was potentially dangerous and there was no evidence it could cure kidney or liver disease.

The decline in the patent medicine business led Kilmer to branch out into other businesses. He was extensively involved in real estate, owning a landmark family mansion in Binghamton, NY, constructing the twelve story Press Building in downtown Binghamton as a home for another new business he created, The Binghamton Press Co., building several other less-prominent buildings in downtown Binghamton, and three racing stables and estates: Sun Briar Court in Binghamton, Court Manor in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, and Remlik, on the banks of Virginia's Rappahannock River. Kilmer's private yacht Remlik (the name being Kilmer spelled backwards) was purchased by the US Navy during World War I and converted into the USS Remlik (SP-157) armed patrol vessel.

Kilmer died from pneumonia in Binghamton on July 12, 1940, having amassed a fortune of some $15 million, mostly from the sale of the patent medicine Swamp Root tonic, which is still for sale today. After his death, Kilmer was interred at a mausoleum in Floral Park Cemetery in the Binghamton suburb of Johnson City, NY.

Thoroughbred racing
Kilmer was the breeder of Reigh Count, the winner of the 1928 Kentucky Derby. He was the owner of Exterminator, the winner of the 1918 Kentucky Derby and 1922 American Horse of the Year, and the breeder and owner of Sun Briar,  the largest money maker until Seabiscuit in 1939. Both Exterminator and Sun Briar were elected to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame. Two other well known stallions were Sun Briar- an ancestor of both Secretariat and Affirmed; and Suntica.

See also
 Court Manor

References

Further reading
Holbrook, Stewart. (1959). The Natural History of Swamp Root. In The Golden Age of Quackery. Collier Books. pp. 113–120

1869 births
1940 deaths
American businesspeople
American racehorse owners and breeders
Cornell University alumni
Patent medicine businesspeople
People from Binghamton, New York
Pseudoscientific diet advocates


North Miami Middle/High School is a combination middle and high school located in Miami County, Denver, Indiana, United States. The school is part of North Miami Community Schools.

Athletics
North Miami has won state championships in football (1993–94) and softball (2013-2014).

Notable alumni
Ruth Riley, former WNBA player
Ethan Manning, member of the Indiana House of Representatives

References

External links
School website
School district website

Public high schools in Indiana
Schools in Miami County, Indiana
Public middle schools in Indiana
1961 establishments in Indiana


Road to Revolution may refer to:
 Road to Revolution: A Century of Russian Radicalism, a 1957 history book by Avrahm Yarmolinsky
 Road to Revolution: Live at Milton Keynes, a 2008 compilation of live recordings by American rock band Linkin Park
 The Road to Revolution: Scotland under Charles I, 1625–37, a 1985 history book by Maurice Lee, Jr.


Peter Richard Killeen (born 1942) is an American psychologist who has made major contributions to a number of fields in the behavioral sciences. He has been one of the few premier contributors in quantitative analysis of behavior, and memory.

Life and work
In 1942, he was born in Orange, New Jersey. In 1964, he received his bachelor's degree in psychology in the honors college from Michigan State University and in 1969, his Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from Harvard University. He joined the faculty of Arizona State University and in 1978 rose to the rank of Professor of Psychology. He has been a visiting scholar, University of Texas, Austin 1984, Cambridge University in 1992, Centre for Advanced Study, Oslo, 2004

His honors include: Woodrow Wilson, NSF, and NIMH Graduate Fellowships, Graduate Student Faculty of the Year Award, Fellow of: American Psychological Association, American Psychological Society, Association for Behavior Analysis; Member, Psychonomic Society; Sigma Xi (President, ASU Chapter, 1986 – 87), Wakonse (teaching) Fellow, 1993, Fellow, Society of Experimental Psychologists (1997; Secretary/Treasurer 2000 – 3), Senior Scientist Award (1996; NIMH), President, Society for Quantitative Analysis of Behavior (1999 – 2002); Poetry in Science Award, SQAB, 2002, F. J. McGuigan Lectureship on Understanding the Human Mind (APA: 2004), Ernest and Josephine Hilgard Award for the Best Theoretical Paper (Killeen & Nash, 2003), Faculty of 1000 Citation as Must Read: Russell et al. (2006) Response variability in AD/HD.

In quantitative analysis of behavior, Killeen and Fetterman (1988) are the developers of a major behavioral theory of timing. Killeen has also developed a theory of learning as causal inference (1981) bringing these together in his paper on the perception of contingency in conditioning: Scalar timing, response bias, and the erasure of memory by reinforcement (Killeen, 1984). He also developed his Incentive theory based on adaptive clocks. He is one of the premier integrators and critics of models in quantitative analysis of behavior.

In the study of memory (Killeen, 2005; 2006) addressed the issue of ascending strength gradients or descending memory traces.

References
 Killeen, P. R. Learning as causal inference. (1981). In M. L. Commons & J. A. Nevin (Eds.), Quantitative studies of behavior. New York: Pergamon, pp. 289–312.
 Killeen, P. R. (1984). Incentive theory III: Adaptive Clocks. In J. Gibbon & L. Allen (Eds.), Timing and time perception. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, pp. 515–527.
 Killeen, P. R. (2005). An alternative to null hypothesis statistical tests. Psychological Science, 16, 345–353.
 Killeen, P. R. (2006). Beyond statistical inference: A decision theory for science. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13, 549–562.
 Killeen, P. R., & Fetterman, J. G. (1988). A behavioral theory of timing. Psychological Review, 95, 274–295.
 Killeen, P. R., & Smith, J. P. (1984). Perception of contingency in conditioning: Scalar timing, response bias, and the erasure of memory by reinforcement. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 10, 333–345.

1942 births
Michigan State University alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Arizona State University faculty
21st-century American psychologists
Living people
20th-century American psychologists


Prior to the creation of the office of prime minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government distinct from its head of state, the monarch, who traditionally held all executive authority. Louis De Geer, the architect of the bicameral Riksdag of 1866, which replaced the centuries-old Riksdag of the Estates, became Sweden's first prime minister in 1876. , the prime minister of Sweden is Ulf Kristersson, leader of the Moderate Party. The list below contains statistics about the tenures of each of the prime ministers of Sweden since 1876.

List of prime ministers
Before 1876, when the office of prime minister was created, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from the monarch. The most-senior member of the Privy Council during the period of absolute rule was the lord high chancellor, whose role was similar to that of a head of government. That was most evident during the so-called Age of Liberty, from 1718 to 1772, when the monarch's powers were greatly reduced and the president of the Privy Council became the dominant political figure in Sweden.

Timeline

See also
Prime Minister of Sweden
Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden
Swedish governmental line of succession
Elections in Sweden
List of cabinets of Sweden
List of Swedish politicians
List of Spouses of the Prime Ministers of Sweden

Notes

Sweden
Prime Ministers


Shortly after releasing Peace, Love, Death Metal via Eagles of Death Metal, lead singer Jesse Hughes released the two-song EP, A Pair of Queens, on 7" vinyl as a solo project. The EP contains two tracks, both of which are Queens of the Stone Age covers, which lends to the EP title A Pair of Queens.

Overview
According to an interview with Rolling Stone, Hughes reported the inspiration for the release, stating "I was in a hotel room above the Cafe 101 in Hollywood, and a friend of mine was trying to convince me she hadn't heard Queens (of the Stone Age)'s songs," he says. "All I had was my little Roland VS880 recording device, a guitar, and a drum machine. So I recorded two songs ("Go With the Flow" and "Gonna Leave You"). It's proof that no matter how bad you suck, you cannot destroy a well-written song. It's a clear ode to my friend Josh Homme, who is my guitar hero. I look up to him musically and I just wanted to say, 'Man, you rule.' It's also a vanity spite, it's 'I'm owning your song!'"

Track listing
 Side Boogie: "Go with the Flow" – 4:34
 Side Woogie: "Gonna Leave You" – 2:50

References

2004 EPs
Jesse Hughes (musician) albums
Self-released EPs