Cheirodes is a genus of darkling beetles in the Melanimonini tribe. It was formerly known as Anemia until 1973, when T. J. Spilman determined Anemia to be a synonym of Cheirodes Géné, 1839.

Subgenera
Cheirodes is split into several subgenera:
 Cheirodes Géné, 1839
 Anemiadena Ardoin, 1971
 Histiaea Fairmaire, 1892
 Pseudanemia Wollaston, 1864
 Spinanemia Ardoin, 1971
 Trichanemia Ardoin, 1971

Ammidanemia Reitter, 1904 is partly synonymous with Histiaea Fairmaire, 1892 and Pseudanemia Wollaston, 1864.

Species
Among the species within this genus are:

 Subgenus Cheirodes Géné, 1839
 C. aethiopea (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia aethiopea Ardoin, 1971)
 C. chobauti (Reitter, 1898) (Synonyms: Anemia rotundicollis Reitter, 1884, Anemia reitteri Pic, 1899, Anemia chobauti (Reitter, 1898))
 C. durandi (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia durandi Ardoin, 1971)
 C. granulatus (Laporte, 1840) (Synonyms: Anemia crassa Wollaston, 1867, Anemia granulata Laporte, 1840)
 C. gruveli (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia gruveli Ardoin, 1971)
 C. humeralis (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia humeralis Ardoin, 1971)
 C. opacula (Fairmaire, 1882)
 C. punctata (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia punctata Ardoin, 1971)
 C. sardous Géné, 1839 (Synonym: Anemia sardoa (Géné, 1839))
 C. sardoa denticulata (Wollaston, 1867) (Synonym: Anemia sardoa sudanica Gridelli, 1950)
 C. villiersi (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia villiersi Ardoin, 1971)
 Subgenus Spinanemia Ardoin, 1971
 C. allardi (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia allardi Ardoin, 1971)
 C. amieti (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia amieti Ardoin, 1971)
 C. capensis (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia capensis Ardoin, 1971)
 C. cornutus (Pic, 1898) (Synonym: Anemia cornuta Pic, 1898)
 C. cornutus panelii (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia cornutus panelii Ardoin, 1971)
 C. crispa (Quedenfeldt, 1885) (Synonym: Anemia crispa Quedenfeldt, 1885)
 C. curta (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia curta Ardoin, 1971)
 C. hottentota (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia hottentota Ardoin, 1971)
 C. kaszabi (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia kaszabi Ardoin, 1971)
 C. mystacina (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia mystacina Ardoin, 1971)
 C. ovatula (Fairmaire, 1891)
 C. pilosus (Tournier, 1868) (Synonyms: Anemia pilosa Tournier, 1868, Anemia fenyesi Reitter, 1897, Cheirodes fissidens Reitter, 1898)
 C. poteli Lillig & Ferrer, 2001
 C. roeri (Ardoin, 1976)
 C. royi (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia royi Ardoin, 1971)
 C. royi tchadensis (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia royi tchadensis Ardoin, 1971)
 C. seriattipennis (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia seriattipennis Ardoin, 1971)
 C. thoracicus (Fairmaire, 1891) (Synonym: Anemia thoracicus Fairmaire, 1891)
 C. uhligi Ferrer, 2004
 Subgenus Anemiadena Ardoin, 1971
 C. convexa (Gestro, 1881)
 C. giraudini (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia giraudini Ardoin, 1971)
 Subgenus Trichanemia Ardoin, 1971
 C. schmitzi (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia schmitzi Ardoin, 1971)
 Subgenus Histiaea Fairmaire, 1892
 C. angolensis (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia angolensis Ardoin, 1971)
 C. asperulus (Reitter, 1884) (Synonyms: Anemia denticulata Pic, 1923, Anemia aegyptiaca Pic, 1936, Anemia asperula Reitter, 1884, Anemia asperula var. seriesetosa Baudi, 1884)
 C. bidentulus (Fairmaire, 1892) (Synonym: Histiaea bidentula Ardoin, 1971)
 C. jaegeri Bremer, 2001
 C. kochii (Ardoin, 1976)
 C. sakalava (Alluaud, 1900)
 C. schultzei (Geibien, 1910) (Synonym: A. submetallica Peringuey, 1908)
 Subgenus Pseudanemia Wollaston, 1864
 C. abyssinica (Ardoin, 1971) (Synonym: Anemia abyssinica Ardoin, 1971)
 C. brevicollis (Wollaston, 1864) (Synonyms: Anemia aphodioides Walker, 1871, Anemia rotundicollis Desbrochers, 1881, Anemia fausti Solsky, 1881, Anemia hauseri Reitter, 1894, Anemia striolata Fairmaire, 1894, Anemia pharao Reitter, 1897, Anemia curticollis Pic, 1923, Pseudanemia brevicollis Wollaston, 1864)
 C. drurei (Pic, 1923) (Synonym: Anemia drurei Pic, 1923)
 C. submetallicus (Raffray, 1873) (Synonyms: Anemia palaestina Pic, 1899, Anemia submetallica (Raffray, 1873), Anoemia submetallica Raffray, 1873)
 C. africanus Ferrer, 2016
 C. ahomanae Ferrer, 2016
 C. anatolicus Ferrer, 2016
 C. arabicus Ferrer, 2016
 C. californicus (Horn, 1870) (Synonym: Anaemia californica Horn, 1870)
 C. dentipes (Ballion, 1878) (Synonym: Microzoum dentipes Ballion, 1878)
 C. guanchorum Ferrer, 2016
 C. linnmani Ferrer, 2016
 C. massauensis Ferrer, 2016
 C. occulata (Wollaston, 1860)
 C. otomanus Ferrer, 2016
 C. ruthmuellerae Ferrer, 2016
 C. sculpturata (Ritsema, 1875)

References

External links
 Fauna Europaea: Genus Anemia

Tenebrioninae
Tenebrionidae genera
Beetles of Europe


Schwarzburg may refer to:
 Schwarzburg (municipality)
 The House of Schwarzburg
 Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
 Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
 House of Schwarzburg
 13th-century fortress built by the Teutonic Order in Transylvania, present day Codlea


The Bicycles are a Canadian indie pop quartet originally from Brantford, Ontario composed of Matt Beckett, Drew Smith, Dana Snell, and Andrew Scott (formerly of the Meligrove Band).

History
Beckett, Smith and Lee grew up together Brantford, Ontario and started writing songs in their teens. They moved to Toronto and recorded the acoustic EP As Is in 2000 before recruiting Scott and Snell to create a five-piece band.

In 2006, they released The Good, the Bad and the Cuddly with Fuzzy Logic Recordings. Recorded with Dan Bryk, Robert Sledge and José Miguel Contreras, the album features complex, lush arrangements with a lo-fi sound. The band supported the album with a tour of Canada and the United States, including a supporting slot with The Boy Least Likely To in 2006. In 2007, they released an interactive board game based upon the album.

2008 saw Lee leave to play violin with the Hylozoists. The now four-piece band rejoined Contreras to record and release their second album, the 38-minute, 19-track Oh No, It's Love. Featuring songwriting and lead vocals by all four members, the album spent six weeks at No. 1 on the Canadian campus radio chart.

Spin magazine noted The Bicycles in their February 2008 issue in their City Guide to Toronto, claiming "If Wes Anderson ever cottoned on to (The Bicycles) swooning chamber pop, which draws from the Kinks and the Beach Boys, he'd soak his scarf with tears of joy."

In March 2009, the band announced an indefinite hiatus. Snell joined Reg Vermue, Scott went to Sebastien Grainger and The Mountains, Smith recorded a solo album under the name 'Dr Ew'.

After playing a few unannounced shows in early 2012, The Bicycles re-formed with the full original line-up and played a new material to favorable reviews.  The band released the album, Stop Thinking So Much in April 2013.

As of 2017, Scott was playing with the band Biblical; Smith with the band Bunny. According to its Facebook page, The Bicycles' most recent concert was at Toronto's Lee's Palace in November 2017.

Discography
2000: As Is
2006: The Good, the Bad and the Cuddly
2008: Oh No, It's Love
2013: Stop Thinking So Much

Videography
2007: The Good, the Bad and the Cuddly: The Interactive DVD Board Game

See also

Canadian rock
List of bands from Canada

References

External links
Official website
The Bicycles' Facebook Page

Musical groups established in 2001
Musical groups from Toronto
Canadian indie pop groups
2001 establishments in Ontario


HDDerase is a freeware utility that securely erases data on hard drives using the Secure Erase unit command built into the firmware of Parallel ATA and Serial ATA drives manufactured after 2001. HDDerase was developed by the Center for Magnetic Recording Research at the University of California, San Diego. HDDerase is designed for command-line use only.

It differs from other file deletion programs such as Darik's Boot and Nuke which attempt to erase data using block writes which cannot access certain portions of the hard drive. The internal firmware Secure Erase command can access data that is no longer accessible through software, such as bad blocks.

See also
Data erasure
Data remanence
Undeletion
Hiren's BootCD, which contains HDDerase 4.0, the last known (2008) release.

References

External links
 Secure Erase - research information and download link

Data erasure software


The ARAS or Lithuanian Police Anti-terrorist Operations Unit ARAS () is the police tactical unit of the Lithuanian Police Force and was established in 1991. At first, ARAS's main purpose was to suppress organized crime groups that were widely operating in Lithuania in 1990s. In addition, they handled riot suppression, peace keeping, and escort. In December 2004 the unit was admitted into the ATLAS Network of police tactical units of the European Union countries.

Structure
ARAS consists of a:
 Command,
 Special Team,
 Explosive Search and Neutralization Division,
 Information, analysis and negotiation Division,
 2 divisions, one of them located in Klaipėda.
The unit also has specialized reconnaissance, negotiation, sniper, climber and diver groups that are necessary to carry out the main functions ascribed to the unit.

Functions
The main functions of ARAS are to:
 organize, manage and implement special antiterrorist operations inside Lithuania;
 rescue hostages and detain dangerous armed criminals under extreme or high danger circumstances;
 search for and neutralize improvised explosive devices and military explosives, used for terrorist or criminal purposes;
 under their competence participate while performing various operative actions, detaining persons, suspected to have performed or planning to commit a crime;
 collect and analyze information related to terrorist threats, cooperate with professional institutions of other countries in this sphere;
 participate in organizing and implementing plans and programs for antiterrorist measures, and other legal acts establishing terrorism prevention.

Equipment and training
ARAS is provided with modern arms and equipment for successful work. There are modern weapons with special sights, night vision equipment, thermo visors, equipment for explosives search, modern equipment for divers, special armour-plated vests, shields and helmets among them.

Nevertheless, all weapons are worthless without competent people. Currently the nucleus of the unit is made up of highly qualified combatants, who have acquired physical and psychological training and are prepared for working under extreme circumstances. Much experience was gained when the officers participated in several courses for special unit response to critical situations organized by the US State Department, which were included in the international program for the war against terrorism. During these exercises they showed good preparation, and received a high evaluation from the organizers of the courses. Officers from the unit participated in many other courses organized not only in the US, but also by law enforcement institutions of other countries.

Equipment
ARAS operators use a variety of modern weapons, including SIG Sauer P226, Heckler & Koch MP5, G36, SIG SG 551, SIG MCX, PGM Ultima Ratio, PGM Hécate II, AWM-F.

Training
Candidates are selected on the basis of "Delta Force" program criteria. Candidates have their biography's thoroughly checked, the age requirement is not younger than 18 and no older than 30 years, priority is given to non-smokers, 5 years of work experience in any other police branch would be advantage. Those who make it through this barrier have to grapple with the psychological and intelligence tests and have to pass the physical preparation check, especially endurance and emotional stability. Only 2-3 men a year make the cut into this elite group.

References

External links
 Official website
 Lithuanian police website

1991 establishments in Lithuania
ATLAS Network
Police tactical units
Law enforcement in Lithuania


The Sulkovian dialect (Silesian: sulkowski djalekt; ) is one of the Silesian dialects, extracted by Feliks Steuer in his work Dialekt sułkowski (1934). It is a part of the Silesian-Lach border dialects; its name derives from Steuer's native village Sulków.

The works Ostatni gwojźdźaurz and Z naszej źymjy ślůnskej were written in this dialect.

The characteristic features of Sulkovian phonology are:
 the evolution of former long a into au, pronounced ;
 keeping of hard k and g in the combinations ky and gy, e.g. okynka (windows), pługy (ploughs);
 so-called "anticipation of softness" - adding the consonant j, e.g. kujźńa (smithy);
the evolution of nasal vowel at the end of a word into am, e.g. cebulam (onion, the accusative case).

Example

References

Silesian language


Patellar subluxation syndrome, is an injury that is concerned with the kneecap. Patellar subluxation is more common than patellar dislocation and is just as disabling.

In this condition, the patella repetitively subluxates and places strain on the medial restraints and excessive stress/tension on the patellofemoral joint. Patellar subluxation can be caused by osseous abnormalities, such as incorrect articulation of the femoral groove with the patella, trochlear dysplasia, or patella alta, which is a distance of greater than 20 mm between the tibial tubercle and the trochlear groove. It can also result from soft-tissue abnormalities, such as a torn medial patellofemoral ligament, or a weakened vastus medialis obliquus. Symptoms are regulated by the amount of activity. Such pain is commonly caused by running and jumping sports and activities that place large forces on the patellofemoral joint.

Signs and symptoms
Symptoms usually include:

 Knee buckles and can no longer support your weight
 Kneecap slips off to the side
 Knee catches during movement
 Pain in the front of the knee that increases with activity
 Pain when sitting
 Stiffness
 Creaking or cracking sounds during movement
 Swelling

Patellar subluxation was once thought to occur mainly in women, due to the frequency of genu valgum and lax ligaments. However, now the frequency of this condition in any athletic person, man or woman, is apparent.

Diagnosis

Treatment

Conservative treatment
Conservative treatment in primary acute LPD (lateral patellar dislocation) is the therapy of choice. It includes a multimodal approach with behavioural education of the patient, physical therapy, braces, weight reduction and pain medication.

Physical therapy especially focuses on muscle strengthening and proprioceptive exercises. The vastus medialis oblique muscle is described to have an important role in functional stabilization of the patella against lateral vector force. Proprioceptive exercises and strengthening of the hip abductors and positioning of the foot are crucial, especially indicated in patient with miserable malalignment syndrome or medial collapse.

Several patellar braces or taping methods exist to improve return to sport. They may however not alter medial or lateral displacement, but can be helpful as a diagnostic tool for occult patellofemoral instability.

Surgical treatment options
Increasing age is associated with decreased physical activity after surgical stabilization, and therefore in growing and very active athletes early surgical treatment intervention needs to be considered. Reconstruction of the MPFL (medial patellofemoral ligament) in patients with minor trochlear dysplasia is technically possible without interfering with distal growth plate of the femur, however, large studies are missing. Osseous articular correction before epiphyseal closure is contraindicated.

In adult patients with recurrent LPD and without trochlear dysplasia or type A or C according to Dejour classification, MPFL reconstruction alone might be beneficial, in which unchanged osseous or dynamic instability will be compensated. Patients with an important supra-trochlear spur as in type B and D trochlear dysplasia and chronic instability are more reluctant to conservative and soft-tissue surgical treatment options. In such cases sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty should be performed. Typically, post-surgical results are more favourable when instability was the main symptom. Hence, in such patients low-pivoting physical activity may be re-achieved.

References

Sports medicine
Syndromes
Orthopedic problems


The 2009 Russian Premier League was the 18th season of the Russian football championship since the dissolution of the Soviet Union and 8th under the current Russian Premier League name. The season started on 14 March 2009 with a goalless draw between Amkar Perm and Rostov. The last matches were played on 29 November 2009. On 21 November 2009 Rubin Kazan successfully retained their champion's title.

Teams
As in the previous season, 16 teams played in the 2009 season. After the 2008 season, Shinnik Yaroslavl and Luch-Energiya Vladivostok were relegated to the 2009 Russian First Division. They were replaced by Rostov and Kuban Krasnodar, the winners and runners up of the 2008 Russian First Division.

Venues
Dynamo Moscow played their home games during the 2009 season at the new Arena Khimki, due to their Dynamo Stadium undergoing renovation work.

Personnel and kits

Managerial changes

League table

Results

Season statistics

Top goalscorers

Awards
On 24 November 2009 Russian Football Union named its list of 33 top players:

Goalkeepers
  Igor Akinfeev (CSKA)
  Sergei Ryzhikov (Rubin)
  Vladimir Gabulov (Dynamo)

Right backs
  Aleksandr Anyukov (Zenit)
  Sergei Parshivlyuk (Spartak M.)
  Kirill Nababkin (Moscow)

Right-centre backs
  Roman Sharonov (Rubin)
  Vasili Berezutskiy (CSKA)
  Martin Jiránek (Spartak M.)

Left-centre backs
  Sergei Ignashevich (CSKA)
  César Navas (Rubin)
  Denis Kolodin (Dynamo)

Left backs
  Cristian Ansaldi (Rubin)
  Renat Yanbaev (Lokomotiv)
  Georgi Schennikov (CSKA)

Defensive midfielders
  Sergei Semak (Rubin)
  Igor Denisov (Zenit)
  Dmitri Khokhlov (Dynamo)

Right wingers
  Vladimir Bystrov (Spartak M. / Zenit)
  Miloš Krasić (CSKA)
  Aleksandr Samedov (Moscow)

Central midfielders
  Alex (Spartak M.)
  Alan Dzagoev (CSKA)
  Igor Semshov (Zenit)

Left wingers
  Konstantin Zyryanov (Zenit)
  Edgaras Česnauskis (Moscow)
  Aleksandr Ryazantsev (Rubin)

Right forwards
  Welliton (Spartak M.)
  Aleksandr Bukharov (Rubin)
  Fatih Tekke (Zenit)

Left forwards
  Alejandro Domínguez (Rubin)
  Aleksandr Kerzhakov (Dynamo)
  Dmitri Sychev (Lokomotiv)

Medal squads

See also
 Russian First Division 2009
 Russian Cup 2008–09
 List of Russian football transfers summer 2009

References

External links
 Official website
 Russian Football Union
 Official website

2007
1
Russia
Russia


The Pingangnaktok ("it blows a land wind") are a geographically defined Copper Inuit band in the northern Canadian territory of Nunavut, on the mainland, in Kitikmeot Region.  According to Arctic explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson's 1908-1912 ethnographic journals, they numbered about 30 at the time. In the summer, they hunted to the west of Tree River, which flows into the Coronation Gulf, where they hunted during the winter, the same as other Copper Inuit of that region.

References

External links
 Photo, Tree River's marine silt with Coronation Gulf in the background

Copper Inuit


Anemia or anaemia may refer to:
 Anemia, a qualitative or quantitative hemoglobin deficiency
 Iron deficiency anemia, a type of anemia of lack of iron
 Ischemia, producing localized anemic effects in a body part (but "anemia" is not merely synonymous with "ischemia" in modern usage)
 Anemia (beetle), a genus of darkling beetle
 Anemia (plant), a genus of fern
 Anemia (film), a 1986 Italian film
 "Anaemia", a song from the album Food by British rock band Zico Chain
 "Anaemia", a song from the album The Blue by Italian metal band Novembre

See also
Anema (disambiguation)
Anima (disambiguation)


"L'envie d'aimer" is a 2000 song recorded by French-born singer Daniel Lévi and the troupe of The Ten Commandments. Released as first single from the album Les Dix Commandements in June 2000, the song was a smash hit and the most successful single from the musical. The song is currently among the biggest selling singles of all time in France.

Background and structure
The album version of the song is extended (6:28) and contains many choirs from the troupe. Written and composed by Pascal Obispo, Lionel Florence, who had already several number-one hits in France such as "Savoir aimer" and "Tu ne m'as pas laissé le temps", Serge Guirao, who had written for Art Mengo, the song was very moving. An expert of French charts made this analysis of the song : "With the text of the verses, spaced out and almost minimal, [Lévi] murmurs, he speaks in a low voice, he sings hardly, a moderation which the sweetness of wind instruments blows him. And it is not due to a lack of voice : this one, disturbing of power and color, asks only to spread and the vowels of the tune are there for this."

Chart performances and awards
In France, the single failed to reach #1, but went straight to #2 on June 10, 2002 and stayed there for six weeks, being unable to dislodge Yannick's hit "Ces Soirées-là". The song remained for 30 weeks in the top ten and 51 weeks on the chart (top 100), which is to date one of the records in terms of chart trajectory. In Belgium (Wallonia), the song peaked at #2 for six weeks and fell off the chart (top 40) after 36 weeks, 25 of them in the top ten.

In 2001, the song was awarded 'Original song of the year' at the Victoires de la Musique.

Cover versions
The song was covered by Éric Morena in 2003 on the album 	Retour gagnant which was composed of cover versions by famous 1980s artists. The same year, the song was covered by Julien Clerc, Patrick Fiori, Catherine Lara and Liane Foly on Les Enfoirés' album La Foire des Enfoirés. In 2002, Céline Dion released a version in English under the title "The Greatest Reward" on her album A New Day Has Come. In 2006, the song was used as soundtrack of the 2006 film Comme t'y es belle !. In 2007, Greek French television presenter Nikos Aliagas recorded a Greek version of the song with Elena Paparizou, for his Greek duet album titled Rendez-Vous. The track was released as a single, accompanied by a music video. In 2013, Pascal Obispo covered the song on his best of Millésimes.

Track listings
 CD single
 "L'envie d'aimer" — 5:10
 "Mais tu t'en vas" by Nourith, Lisbet Guldbaek, Ginie Line, Yaël — 5:34

Charts and sales

Peak positions

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

References

2000 songs
Daniel Lévi songs
Pop ballads
Songs from musicals
Songs with music by Pascal Obispo
Songs written by Lionel Florence
2000 singles
Mercury Records singles
Songs with lyrics by Patrice Guirao


The Good, The Bad And The Cuddly is the debut album by Canadian pop band The Bicycles.  Randy Lee left the band following the release to join The Hylozoists.

Despite playing together as a band for nearly five years, the band's debut wasn't released until spring 2006.  The album was partially produced by Dan Bryk and partially by The Bicycles themselves.  The album was mixed by José Miguel Contreras of By Divine Right.

"Cuddly Toy" is a cover of a Harry Nilsson-penned song originally recorded by The Monkees.  "The Defeat" was inspired a song entitled "The Victory" by The Meligrove Band.

Music videos were shot for "Paris Be Mine", "Gotta Get Out", and "Homework".

Track listing
All songs written by Matt Beckett, except where noted.
 "B-B-Bicycles" – 2:07
Lead vocals: Matt Beckett & Drew Smith
 "Australia" – 3:02
Lead vocals: Beckett
 "I Will Appear for You" – 3:10
Lead vocals: Beckett & Smith
 "Gotta Get Out" (Smith) – 2:01
Lead vocals: Smith
 "I Know We Have to Be Apart" (Smith) – 2:42
Lead vocals: Dana Snell
 "Ghost Town" (Smith) – 3:52
Lead vocals: Smith
 "Longjohns and Toques" – 1:47
Lead vocals: Beckett
 "The Defeat" (Beckett, Smith, Snell, Andrew Scott, Randy Lee) – 1:25
 "Luck of Love" – 2:07
Lead vocals: Scott
 "Paris Be Mine" – 1:49
Lead vocals: Beckett
 "Cuddly Toy" (Harry Nilsson) – 2:45
Lead vocals: Beckett
 "Randy's Song" (Smith) – 1:32
Lead vocals: Lee
 "Please Don't Go" – 2:09
Lead vocals: Beckett
 "Sure Was Great" (Smith, Scott) – 1:35
Lead vocals: Smith
 "Homework" – 3:36
Lead vocals: Beckett
 "Pomp and Circumstance" (Beckett, Smith, Snell, Scott, Lee) – 0:08
 "Two Girls from Montreal" (Beckett, Smith) – 2:58
Lead vocals: Beckett

Personnel
The Bicycles are:
Matt Beckett
Drew Smith
Dana Snell
Randy Lee
Andrew Scott

References

2006 albums
The Bicycles albums


The Great Hits of Glen Campbell was issued by Capitol Records and sold exclusively through a special TV offer.

Track listing
Side 1:

 "Gentle On My Mind" (John Hartford) - 2:56
 "Wichita Lineman" (Jimmy Webb) - 2:58
 "Galveston" (Jimmy Webb) - 2:40
 "I Wanna Live" (John D. Loudermilk) - 2:42
 "Where's The Playground Suzie" (Jimmy Webb) - 3:00

Side 2:

 "By The Time I Get To Phoenix" (Jimmy Webb) - 2:43
 "Try A Little Kindness" (Austin, Sapaugh) - 2:23
 "Dream Baby (How Long Must I Dream)" (Cindy Walker) - 2:37
 "It's Only Make Believe" (Conway Twitty, Jack Nance) - 2:18
 "Amazing Grace" (John Newton) - 4:24

Side 3:

 "Rhinestone Cowboy" (Larry Weiss) - 3:06
 "Dreams of the Everyday Housewife" (Chris Gantry) - 2:45
 "Honey Come Back" (Jimmy Webb) - 3:00
 "Bonaparte's Retreat" (King, Stewart) - 2:48
 "Everything A Man Could Ever Need" (Mac Davis) - 2:26

Side 4:

 "Country Boy (You Got Your Feet In LA)" (Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter) - 3:05
 "I Knew Jesus (Before He Was A Superstar)" (Hefti, Styne) - 2:50
 "Southern Nights" (Allen Toussaint) - 3:07
 "Don't Pull Your Love/Then You Can Tell Me Goodbye" (Dennis Lambert, Brian Potter, John D. Loudermilk) - 3:18
 "Oh Happy Day" (Edwin Hawkins) - 3:38

Production
Art direction - Roy Kohara
Design - Ken Anderson
Photography - Brian D. McLaughlin

1978 compilation albums
Glen Campbell compilation albums
Capitol Records compilation albums


"Funkytown" is a 1980 disco song performed by Lipps Inc. and covered many times.

Funkytown or Funky Town may also refer to:

 Funkytown (film), a Canadian drama film released in 2010 (festival circuit) and 2011 (wide release)
 Funky Town (Camp Mulla album), 2012
 Funky Town (T-Bone Walker album), 1968
 Funky Town, a 2012 repackage of the 2011 EP Black Eyes by T-ara
 "Funky Town" (Namie Amuro song), 2007 song by Japanese R&B singer Namie Amuro
 Funkytown Music, an American record-label
 Funkytown HD2, an internet-radio-station belonging to WEEI-FM in Boston, Massachusetts
 A nickname for Fort Worth, TX
 A slang term for Memphis


The Jadad scale, sometimes known as Jadad scoring or the Oxford quality scoring system, is a procedure to assess the methodological quality of a clinical trial by objective criteria. It is named after Canadian-Colombian physician Alex Jadad who in 1996 described a system for allocating such trials a score of between zero (very poor) and five (rigorous). It is the most widely used such assessment in the world, and as of 2022, its seminal paper has been cited in over 23,000 scientific works.

Description
The Jadad scale independently assesses the methodological quality of a clinical trial judging the effectiveness of blinding. Alejandro "Alex" Jadad Bechara, a Colombian physician who worked as a Research Fellow at the Oxford Pain Relief Unit, Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, at the University of Oxford described the allocating trials a score of between zero (very poor) and five (rigorous) in an appendix to a 1996 paper.
In a 2007 book Jadad described the randomised controlled trial as "one of the simplest, most powerful and revolutionary forms of research".

Background

Clinical trials are conducted for the purpose of collecting data on the efficacy of medical treatments. The treatment might be, for example, a new drug, a medical device, a surgical procedure, or a preventative regime. Clinical trial protocols vary considerably depending on the nature of the treatment under investigation, but typically in a controlled trial researchers gather a group of volunteers and subject some to the test treatment, while giving the others either no treatment (known as a placebo), or an established treatment for comparison. After a defined time period, the patients in the test group are assessed for health improvements in comparison with the control group.

However, trials can vary greatly in quality. Methodological errors such as poor blinding or poor randomisation allow factors such as the placebo effect or selection bias to adversely affect the results of a trial.

Randomisation
Randomisation is a process to remove potential distortion of statistical results arising from the manner in which the
trial is conducted, in particular in the selection of subjects. Studies have indicated, for example, that nonrandomised trials are more likely to show a positive result for a new treatment than for an established conventional one.

Blinding

The importance of scientific controls to limit factors under test is well established. However, it is also important that none of those involved in a clinical trial, whether the researcher, the subject patient or any other involved parties, should allow their own prior expectations to affect reporting of results. The placebo effect is known to be a confounding factor in trials; affecting the ability of both patients and doctors to report accurately on the clinical outcome. Experimental blinding is a process to prevent bias, both conscious and subconscious, skewing results.

Blinding frequently takes the form of a placebo, an inactive dummy that is indistinguishable from the real treatment. Blinding can however be difficult to achieve in some trials, for example, surgery or physical therapy. Poor blinding can exaggerate the perceived effects of treatment, particularly if any such effects are small. Blinding should be appropriate to the study, and is ideally double blind, wherein neither the patient nor doctor is aware of whether they are in the control or test group, eliminating any such psychological effects from the study.

Withdrawals and dropouts
Withdrawals and dropouts are those patients who fail to complete a course of treatment, or fail to report back on its outcome to the researchers. The reasons for doing so might be varied: the individuals may have moved away, abandoned the course of treatment, or died. Whatever the reason, the attrition rate can skew results of a study, particularly for those subjects who ceased treatment due to perceived inefficacy. In smoking cessation studies, for example, it is routine to consider all dropouts as failures.

Jadad questionnaire
A three-point questionnaire forms the basis for a Jadad score. Each question was to be answered with either a yes or a no. Each yes would score a single point, each no zero points; there were to be no fractional points. The Jadad team stated that they expected it should take no longer than ten minutes to score any individual paper. The questions were as follows: Was the study described as randomized?,  Was the study described as double blind? and Was there a description of withdrawals and dropouts?

To receive the corresponding point, an article should describe the number of withdrawals and dropouts, in each of the study groups, and the underlying reasons. Additional points were given if: The method of randomisation was described in the paper, and that method was appropriate. or The method of blinding was described, and it was appropriate.

Points would be deducted if: The method of randomisation was described, but was inappropriate, or The method of blinding was described, but was inappropriate.

A clinical trial could therefore receive a Jadad score of between zero and five. The Jadad scale is sometimes described as a five-point scale, though there are only three questions.

Uses
The Jadad score may be used in a number of ways:

 To evaluate the general quality of medical research in a particular field.
 To set a minimum standard for the paper's results to be included in a meta analysis. A researcher conducting a systematic review for example might elect to exclude all papers on the topic with a Jadad score of 3 or less.
 For critical analysis of an individual paper.

, the Jadad score was the most widely used such assessment in the world, and its seminal paper has been cited in over 3000 scientific works.

Criticism
Critics have charged that the Jadad scale is flawed, being over-simplistic and placing too much emphasis on blinding, and can show low consistency between different raters. Furthermore, it does not take into account allocation concealment, viewed by The Cochrane Collaboration as paramount to avoid bias.

See also
 Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials
 Metascience
 Unblinding

References

Clinical research
Clinical trials
Design of experiments
Scientific method


Alfred Codd (March 19, 1843 – after 1896) was a Canadian pioneer medical doctor and politician. He served on the Council of Keewatin from 1876 to 1877 and was a well-respected physician in Manitoba.

Early life
Alfred Codd was born in Norfolk County, England. His family moved to Ottawa early in his life.

Political career
Codd had a short political career. He was appointed to serve on the Council of Keewatin, the short lived government for the District of Keewatin territory on November 25, 1876. Codd was appointed to the Council for his medical expertise by Alexander Morris to help deal with the Smallpox epidemic that was inflicting the territory.

Late life
Codd was best friends with Lieutenant Governor John Christian Schultz. After Schultz died in 1896, Codd handled all the arrangements for his funeral, including accompanying Schultz's wife in a specially draped funeral train to return Schultz's remains to Winnipeg.

References

1843 births
District of Keewatin councillors
19th-century Canadian physicians
Year of death missing
British emigrants to Canada


Loire Aviation was a French aircraft manufacturer in the inter-war period, specializing in seaplanes, and based in Saint-Nazaire, France.

History
Loire was founded in 1925 as a division of Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, a shipbuilding company based at St Nazaire. ACL were interested in diversifying into the new area of naval aviation, combining its knowledge of metal work and naval construction to produce seaplanes for the French mail service. The company started as a joint venture between ACL and Gourdou-Leseurre, contracting to build 257 GL 32’s under licence at a new factory at St Nazaire.
In 1928 they disassociated and in 1930 the company became Loire Aviation, working on own designs by designers Asselot, Jarrion, and Guegand Kerguistel.
During this period Loire built some 232 units of the Loire 11 seaplane and aircraft for other companies, as well as a range of other aircraft under the Loire marque.

In 1933 the company united with Nieuport (by then known as Nieuport-Astra), though both companies maintained their own factories and test sites; Loire at St Nazaire and La Baule, Nieuport at Issy-les-Moulineaux and Villacoublay. This led to some complications; the two companies found themselves competing over a contract for a fighter for the French Air Force, later won by Morane Saulnier with the MS 406.
The two companies underwent a full merger in 1935 to form the Société Anonyme Loire-Nieuport(SALN), or Loire-Nieuport.
In 1936 Loire-Nieuport was nationalized and united with Breguet of Bouguenais, near Nantes, to form the Société Nationale des Constructions Aéronautiques de l'Ouest (SNCAO).

Aircraft
Loire 11 (1930) Three-seat, single engine general-purpose monoplane.
Loire 30 (1932) Three-engine night reconnaissance monoplane.
Loire 43 (1932) Single-engine fighter.
Loire 45 (1933) Single-engine monoplane fighter, developed from the Loire 43.
Loire 46 (1934) Single-engine monoplane fighter, developed from the Loire 43 and 45.
Loire 50 (1931) Single-engine liaison amphibian.
Loire 501 (1933) Single-engine liaison amphibian, developed from the Loire 50.
Loire 60 (1932) Three-engine long range reconnaissance flying boat.
Loire 70 (1933) Three-engine long range reconnaissance flying boat.
Loire 102 (1936) Three-engine parasol-wing monoplane flying boat, intended as a transatlantic mail carrier.
Loire 130 (1934) Single-engine catapult launched reconnaissance flying boat.
Loire 210 (1935) Single-engine catapult launched floatplane fighter.
Loire 250 (1935) Single-engine monoplane fighter.
Loire-Nieuport 10 (1939) Twin-engine long range reconnaissance floatplane.
Loire-Nieuport 161 (1935) Single-engine monoplane fighter.
Loire-Nieuport LN.401 (1938) Single-engine dive bomber.

Saint-Nazaire
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France


The East Gate Range is a mountain range in Churchill County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Churchill County, Nevada


Miss Earth México is an annual beauty pageant in Mexico. The winner of Miss Earth Mexico obtains the right to represent the country in the Miss Earth pageant, the third most important beauty festival in the world, where the goal is to promote environmental protection.

History

Miss Earth México, based in Mérida, Yucatán, is organized by the national director Paul Marsell. The pageant was established in order to elect Mexico's representative in the annual Miss Earth pageant and to promote environmental awareness and protection.

Miss Earth Mexico was founded in 2002, but the first national contest was not held until 2007. Titleholders prior to 2007 were chosen by the organizers in a private selection process.

Mexico was first represented in Miss Earth 2002 by Libna Viruega Roldán from Distrito Federal, who was the first titleholder of Miss Earth Mexico.

In 2008, Abigail Elizalde Romo, Miss Earth Mexico 2008, advanced in the semifinal and final round for the first time for Mexico at the Miss Earth pageant and eventually won the Miss Water (2nd Runner-up), one of the elemental crowns, in the Miss Earth 2008.

Titleholders
Below are the names of the annual titleholders of Miss Earth Mexico, listed in ascending order and according to the year in which they participated in Miss Earth. The states they represented during their national crowning or designation and their final placements and special awards acquired in the aforementioned global beauty competition are also displayed.

Color Key

Minor International beauty pageant

Miss Intercontinental

Candidates
Perla Beltrán won second place (Miss Earth México Air 2007) in Miss Earth México 2007. Later, she competed in Nuestra Belleza Sinaloa where she won second place; she was later designated to compete in Nuestra Belleza Mexico 2008 where she won Nuestra Belleza Mexico Mundo and the right to represent Mexico in Miss World 2009, where she won the second place (Miss World first runner up) in the pageant and the title of Miss World Americas and Miss World Top Model.

See also
Miss México Organization
 Mr World Mexico
Nuestra Belleza México

References

External links
Miss Earth Mexico official website

Beauty pageants in Mexico
Mexican awards
Mexican culture
Mexico
2002 establishments in Mexico


The Criminal Justice Act 1925 (15 & 16 Geo. 5. c. 86) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Most of it has been repealed.

Section 36 of the Act makes it an offence to make a false statement to obtain a passport. The maximum sentence is two years.

Section 41 prohibits the taking of photographs in a court in England and Wales, save for the Supreme Court. In September 2011, Lord Chancellor Kenneth Clarke announced that the government intended to partially repeal this ban in order to increase the public's understanding of the administration of justice. Initially, filming of the handing down of judgments in the Court of Appeal was to be permitted, with a view that filming of sentencing remarks will eventually be permitted in the Crown Court. The first case of sentencing remarks being filmed in a Crown Court was on 28th July 2022 at the Old Bailey which saw sentence passed on Ben Oliver whom had been convicted of manslaughter. The broadcast was hosted on the Sky News YouTube channel with a 10 second delay to avoid breach of restrictions or errors.

Other provisions of the Act deal with criminal procedure against corporations, the defence of marital coercion (since abolished), and unlawful possession of pension documents.

References

External links
 .

English criminal law
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1925


Papyrus 88 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 𝔓88, is a single leaf from an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Gospel of Mark. The surviving texts of Mark are verses 2:1-26. The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to the 4th century.

Don Barker proposes a wider and earlier range of dates for Papyrus 88, along with Uncial 0232, Papyrus 39 and Uncial 0206; and states that all four could be dated as early as the late second century or as late as the end of the fourth century.

 Text
The Greek text of this codex is mixed. Aland placed it in Category III.

 Location
It is currently housed at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (P. Med. Inv. no. 69.24) in Milan.

See also

 List of New Testament papyri

References

Further reading

 S. Daris, Papiri letterari dell' Università Cattolica di Milano, Aegyptus, 52 (1972), pp. 80–88.

New Testament papyri
4th-century biblical manuscripts
Gospel of Mark papyri


The East Pahranagat Range is a Lincoln County, Nevada, mountain range in the Muddy River Watershed.

References

Mountain ranges of Lincoln County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of Nevada


Bhadkal Gate is a structure in Aurangabad City in Maharashtra, India. This gate is the biggest in the city. It was built by Ahamadnagar's Murtaza Nizamshah's vizier Malik Ambar to commemorate the victory against the Mughals in 1612. It is also known as Victory Gate.

The monument is listed under State Protected Monuments of Maharashtra as compiled by Archaeological Survey of India.

References

External links

Gates in India
Tourist attractions in Aurangabad, Maharashtra
Buildings and structures in Aurangabad, Maharashtra
1612 establishments in India


The East Range is a mountain range in the Great Basin region, located in Pershing County, Nevada. The name is locational.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of the Great Basin
Mountain ranges of Pershing County, Nevada


The Elbow Range is a mountain range in Clark County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Clark County, Nevada


Majdala, born Naziha Moukarzel (October 12, 1946 – January 31, 2020) was a Lebanese singer, mostly known for her work during the "Golden Age" of Lebanon, between 1952 and 1976.

Biography
Her name was created by Nadia Tueni, who also wrote her first musical play: Al Faraman. Majdala was discovered by producer Romeo Lahoud. He presented her to the Baalbeck Festival Jury in 1970, which directly agreed on his choice.

She played many first roles such as Safra in Al Faraman, at the 1970 Baalbeck Festival, and also four times at the Beiteddine Festival between 1971 and 1975, with Madinit el Farah, Bahr El Loulou, Mawsim El Tarrabich, and Wadi el Ghazar.

She sang with such performers as Wadih El Safi, Nasri Chams El Din, Philimon Wehbe, Joseph Azar, Samir Yazbeck, Issam Rajji, Antoine Kerbaj, Rida Khoury, Chouchou, Melhim Barakat, Marwan Mahfouz, Fehmen, Samir Rahal, Nadim Berberi, Georgette Sayyigh, and Nabih Abou El Hessen.

The composers of her songs were Zaki Nassif, Romeo Lahoud, Issam Rajji, Elie Choueiry, Melhim Barakat, Elias El Rahbani, Ziad Rahbani, Azar Habib, Philimon Wehbe and Hassan Abd El Nabi.

In 1976 the Lebanese Civil War began, and Majdala decided to retire from singing. She married Nabil Khater and gave birth in 1977 to her daughter Majdala Khater. In 1981, she gave birth to her second child, her son Nidal Khater. She then moved to France, where she spent a large part of her life raising her children. In 1999, she decided to return to Lebanon, where she lived until her death in 2020.

In November 2008, with composer Ihsan Al Mounzer, she released a new version of her song "Ghanili Ba3ed", followed by "Ghano El Assayid".

Discography
3abassa El Chawk
3al Darb El Ba3idi
3alatoul Ya Habibi Nattir
3am Tollik ya Madinetna3amer Darrak 3al 3alli3ouyoun El GhazalAna Wedaytelo MkatibiAna Wel Rih El JabaliyiAtafou El WardBta3rif Ya AmarnaDakhlak Ya HabibiDakhlak Ya MersalliDayim Dayim Ya BladiGhanili Ba3edGhano El AsayidGharibiHabibi Ismo LubnanHajarounaHallak HalMara2 el SayfMchina MchinaNatartak 3al RawabiRayha Mchawir B3aedSa2alouni Ya HabibiSehir El LaylSotfi KanitTahet El ZayzafouniTarakouni Ahli Bi Hal LeilTayyir TayyirWayn Sarro El AhbabYa Amar Ya NassinaYa Nijmit El Layl''

References

External links
 Her funeral

1946 births
2020 deaths
20th-century Lebanese women singers


Beaver River Central School is a  small K-12 school in Beaver Falls in northern Lewis County. As of 2011, it had a total enrollment of 893 and a graduating class of 66. in 2011, 68% of graduates went on to two-year colleges, technical schools, or four-year colleges.

The superintendent is Todd Green, and the high school principal is Daniel Rains.

History
The school district was centralized in 1954 and has an enrollment of 900 students, all in one building. In 1968 they added a high school gymnasium and a pool. In 1996 they added six classrooms to the middle school wing. Then in 2002 a $16.5 million Capital Project greatly enhanced the facilities. It added an elementary gym and locker rooms, six elementary classrooms and six high school class rooms. They also did renovations to the Library and Home Economics rooms. The District Office, Business Office, and Superintendent Office were moved downstairs in new offices.

Sports
Beaver River is in section 3 of New York State and is part of the Frontier League. It offers fall, winter and spring sports. Fall sports are girls' swimming, football, cross-country, boys' and girls' soccer and girls tennis. Winter sports are boys' swimming, wrestling, boys' and girls' basketball and volleyball. Spring sports are baseball, softball, and track and field. Beaver River has won 22 New York State class championships in cross country running:4 girls and 18 boys as of 2019.

References

External links
Beaver River Central School District website
New York State School Boards Association
New York Schools
Lewis County Industrial Development Agency

Educational institutions established in 1954
Public elementary schools in New York (state)
Public high schools in New York (state)
Public middle schools in New York (state)
School districts in New York (state)
Education in Lewis County, New York
School districts established in 1954


The Eleana Range is a mountain range in Nye County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Nye County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of the Great Basin


David Nathan (born 15 February 1948) is an English-born biographer, journalist, authority on soul music, and singer. In the 1960s and 1970s, he was the co-founder of the Soul City record label and a contributing editor to Blues & Soul magazine. Living in the US between 1975 and 2009, he wrote several biographies of musicians as well as hundreds of articles and liner notes, and founded the website soulmusic.com. He has also recorded and performed as a jazz and blues singer, both under his own name and as his alter ego Nefer Davis.

Life and career
David Nathan was born in London, and at the age of 16 set up the UK's first fan club for singer Nina Simone. In 1966, with Dave Godin and Robert Blackmore, he established Soul City, in Deptford, South London, claimed to be the first record store outside the US specialising in American rhythm and blues and soul music. The shop also started a record label in 1968, to release US R&B singles in the UK.

In 1970, he began working in London for Contempo International, which owned Blues & Soul magazine. He moved to New York City in 1975 as contributing editor for Blues & Soul, leaving the company in 1981 when the magazine's ownership changed. After a period working for Werner Erhard and Associates, he then moved to Los Angeles and worked as a freelance journalist. He wrote Lionel Richie: An Illustrated Biography (1985), as well as contributing to Billboard, USA Today and other magazines including Blues & Soul which he rejoined in the mid-1980s, and writing many CD liner notes.  In the 1990s, he also worked as a producer of compilation reissues, and established a media coaching service and since the mid-1980s, he has written or updated the music bios for Aretha Franklin, Chaka Khan, Lionel Richie, Usher, Whitney Houston, Patti LaBelle, Toni Braxton, Prince, Alicia Keys and hundreds of other artists, producers, songwriters, musicians and industry executives.  He wrote The Soulful Divas, published in 1999, and Break Down and Let it All Out, a biography of Nina Simone co-written with his sister Sylvia Hampton, in 2004. He founded a website dedicated to soul music,  SoulMusic.com, in 2001.

For a number of years, Nathan was Secretary and then an Advisory Board member of the Rhythm & Blues Foundation. He has received an award for his journalism from the International Association of African-American Music.  Nathan is a graduate of The Landmark Forum and has participated as senior coach in several of Landmark's programs in the US and the UK.

Since coming back to live in London, Nathan has established the label SoulMusic Records in association with Cherry Red and as of September 2017, SoulMusic Records has reissued over 150 CDs by popular soul, jazz/funk and Motown artists.

Nathan released his first CD as a singer, Reinvention, in 2003 on his own Nefer Music label. In 2006, he issued a digital EP, Wlld Is The Wind: A Tribute To Nina Simone and In 2007, he released his second album, Wistful Elegance, produced by award-winning music man Preston Glass.  In 2010, after returning to live in the UK, he recorded briefly as Nefer Davis, a name derived from his interests in ancient Egypt, before reverting to his birth name, issuing another digital-only album, I Used To Rule The World featuring covers of songs by Coldplay, The Bee Gees, Elton John, Dionne Warwick and others.  Three contemporary R&B/soul music songs co-written with UK producer Amar Naik, have been released via Expansion Records and one of Nathan's earliest compositions, "Ain't Nothing Like The Love", has garnered much attention as a 1970s soul favorite in the UK (via the original John Simmons recording), through his own version (released on a French label compilation), a vinyl release by Phillip Ballou and a cover by award-winning Canadian DJ/producer Pomo. His 2017 EP release, A Long Way From Blue features his original compositions with Indian violinist/producer/composer Aritra Bhattacharya.

Considered a soul music historian, Nathan has been featured in several documentaries including TV One's Unsung series and in interviews with BBC on radio and television as well as working on the Motown Museum expansion project in Detroit.

Bibliography
 Lionel Richie: An Illustrated Biography, 1985
 The Soulful Divas, 1999
 Nina Simone: Break Down & Let It All Out, with Sylvia Hampton, 2004

References

External links
 SoulMusic.com
Credits at Allmusic.com
David Nathan 2012 Audio Interview at Soulinterviews.com

1948 births
Living people
English writers about music
Writers from London
English blues singers
English jazz singers
English male songwriters


The Ely Springs Range is a mountain range located in Lincoln County, southeastern Nevada.

See also
Ely Springs Dolomite

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Lincoln County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of the Great Basin


François Prélat was a Frenchman involved in gunmaking in the early part of the nineteenth century. It is sometimes claimed that he invented the first fully contained cartridge in 1808, as well as the percussion cap in 1818. However most gun historians agree that his expertise was not as a gunmaker but as someone who monitored British patents and patented the best of them in France, which was not subject to UK law. The innovations he is sometimes credited with are more properly the work of British innovators and his partner, the gunmaking genius that was Jean Samuel Pauly. The jury is out as to whether he invented anything, preferring to 'borrow' ideas instead or just provide the financial backing for inventors. The invention of the percussion cap was claimed by several independent makers at around the same time. Despite the work of many historians over the course of many years since, there is still no definitive evidence for a single inventor. Prélat merely took out a French patent for it.

In association with the Swiss gunsmith Jean Samuel Pauly, François Prélat patented from 1808 to 1812 the first totally contained cartridge, incorporating in one package a fulminate primer, black powder and a round bullet. A percussion pin would provoke ignition. This was a marked improvement over the invention of Jean Lepage, in which the fulminate was simply poured into a pan near the breech. The new cartridge was particularly considered useful for cavalry firearms, as the motion of the horse and the difficulty of movement rendered conventional loading extremely difficult. However the failure to secure a gas-tight seal meant this important innovation would need much more development before it was adopted widely. The principles of this centre-fire design is today the most commonly used. The two men had set up a gunsmith shop together 4, rue des Trois-Frères, in Paris.

In 1818, Prélat took a patent, or Certificat d'addition, for the invention of the percussion cap (ignition copper cap) to be used in cartridges, thus replacing the magazine lock mechanism.

Prélat showed some firearms at the 1855 Paris Universal Exposition.

Notes

19th-century French inventors
Ammunition designers


The Eugene Mountains are a mountain range in Pershing County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Pershing County, Nevada


The Fairview Range is a mountain range in Churchill County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Churchill County, Nevada


Papyrus 89 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 𝔓89, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Hebrews. The surviving texts of Hebrews are verses 6:7–9,15–17.

The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to the 4th century.
 Text
The Greek text of this codex is too brief for classification. Aland did not place it in any Category of New Testament manuscripts.
 Location
It is currently housed at the Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (PL III/292) in Florence.

See also

 List of New Testament papyri

References

Further reading

New Testament papyri
4th-century biblical manuscripts
Epistle to the Hebrews papyri


What a Dummy is a syndicated television sitcom that lasted for one season in 1990 until 1991. The premise of the show was that the Brannigan family of Secaucus, New Jersey was getting advice from a talking, thinking ventriloquist's dummy named Buzz (voiced by Loren Freeman), who had been locked in a trunk for fifty years before being discovered by the family. Kaye Ballard played the family's next-door neighbor, Mrs. Treva Travalony. The animatronic puppet used for Buzz was created by special effects artists Alec Gillis and Tom Woodruff Jr. of Amalgamated Dynamics, and puppeteered by Mark Rappaport.

Cast
 Stephen Dorff as Tucker Brannigan
 Joshua Rudoy as Cory Brannigan
 David Doty as Ed Brannigan
 Annabel Armour as Polly Brannigan
 Janna Michaels as Maggie Brannigan
 Kaye Ballard as Treva Travalony
 Loren Freeman as Buzz (voice)

Episodes

International broadcast
The series also aired in Germany, as Der Familienschreck (The Family Fright), Spanish countries as Vaya muñeco (Go Doll), and Italy as L’amico di legno (The Wooden Friend).

External links

1990s American sitcoms
1990 American television series debuts
1991 American television series endings
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States
Television series by Universal Television
American television shows featuring puppetry
Television shows set in New Jersey
English-language television shows


Old Friends is an album by the American musician Guy Clark, released in 1988 on Sugar Hill Records. Clark wrote or cowrote eight of the album's ten songs. Rosanne Cash and Emmylou Harris were among the backing vocalists. The album was recorded in Nashville, using an 8-track.

Critical reception

The Sun-Sentinel wrote that "Clark's half-sung/half-spoken delivery, gentle finger-picking and the songs that are the stars." The Washington Post noted that "when he stops being portentous and settles for warm, Clark's still a fine songcrafter."

Track listing
 "Old Friends" (Guy Clark, Susanna Clark, Richard Dobson) – 3:12
 "Hands" (Clark, Joe Henry, Verlon Thompson) – 2:22
 "All Through Throwin' Good Love After Bad" (Clark, Richard Leigh) – 2:46
 "Immigrant Eyes" (Clark, Jim Murragh) – 3:37
 "Heavy Metal" (Clark, Jim McBride) – 3:02
 "Come From the Heart" (Susanna Clark, Richard Leigh) – 3:18
 "The Indian Cowboy" (Joe Ely) – 2:21
 "To Live Is to Fly" (Townes Van Zandt) – 3:15
 "Watermelon Dream" (Clark) – 3:23
 "Doctor Good Doctor" (Clark) – 2:33

Personnel
Guy Clark – vocals, guitar
Sam Bush – fiddle, mandolin, mandola
Rosanne Cash – background vocals
Rodney Crowell – background vocals
Vince Gill – guitar
Verlon Thompson – guitar, percussion, background vocals
Emmylou Harris – background vocals
Mike Henderson – guitar
Dave Pomeroy – bass

Production notes
Miles Wilkinson – producer, engineer
Dan Purcell – mastering

References

Guy Clark albums
1988 albums
Sugar Hill Records albums


Sir Isaac Wake (1580/81 – 1632) was an English diplomat and political commentator. He served as ambassador to Savoy for sixteen years, and later as ambassador to France.

Early life
Isaac Wake was the second son of Arthur, son of John Wake of Hartwell, Northamptonshire, a descendant of the lords of Blisworth. His father, a canon of Christ Church and master of St. John's Hospital in Northampton, was rector of Great Billing in Northamptonshire until 1573, when he was deprived for nonconformity; he afterwards lived for many years in Jersey. Born in 1580 or 1581, Isaac Wake entered Christ Church, Oxford in 1593, and graduated B.A. in 1597; he was elected fellow of Merton College, Oxford in 1598, and graduated M.A. in 1603. In 1604 he became a student at the Middle Temple, and on 14 December 1604 was elected public orator of Oxford University. He took part in the reception of King James in 1605, delivering an oration "at the Hall-stair's foot in Christ Church." The king seems to have thought his oratory polished, if soporific. In 1607, he delivered a funeral oration on John Rainolds.

Diplomatic career
In 1609, Wake travelled in France and Italy, and soon afterwards became secretary to Sir Dudley Carleton at Venice. In March 1612, his leave of absence from Merton College was extended for three years; but in the following November he came to England for a few months, during which he pronounced a funeral oration on Sir Thomas Bodley.  He returned to Venice in March 1613, and stayed there, and afterwards at Turin, as Carleton's secretary until the latter left for England in July 1615. Wake then became British representative at the court of Savoy, and retained that office for nearly sixteen years. In 1617 he went to Bern, at the request of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, to mediate an alliance between Savoy and the Swiss states. At the end of 1618 he came to London, being "much courted" by the French ministers on his way through Paris, and was knighted on 9 April 1619 at Royston, Hertfordshire, where the king lay ill in bed. Immediately afterwards he was sent back to Turin with an offer of support to the duke in his candidature for the imperial crown, and at the same time with an informal mission to Frederick V, Elector Palatine, whom he saw at Heidelberg on his way out. On the death of Sir Henry Savile, in February 1622, Prince Charles tried to secure Wake's election as warden of Merton; but he was beaten by (Sir) Nathaniel Brent, the influence of the Abbots, combined perhaps with Wake's constant absence from England, proving too strong.

Wake was in England again in December 1623, when he married Anna, daughter of Edmund Bray of Barrington, and stepdaughter to Sir Edward Conway, the secretary of state. He was returned M.P. for Oxford University in January 1624, and attended parliament closely until his departure in May as ambassador to Savoy and Venice, with special instructions to endeavour to gain the assistance of those states for the recovery of the palatinate. Towards the end of 1626 he was employed on a mission to Bern and Zurich on behalf of the Grisons; and in 1627 he endeavoured to mediate, at the king of Denmark's request, between that monarch and the Duke of Savoy. After narrowly escaping the plague which ravaged Piedmont in 1630, he was appointed ambassador to the French court, and had audience of Louis XIII in May 1631.

Isaac Wake was spoken of as likely to succeed Viscount Dorchester as secretary of state when the latter died in February 1632; but before the appointment was made he died himself, from an attack of fever, at Paris in June 1632. His body was brought to England with the ceremony due to his rank, and buried in the chapel of Dover Castle. His widow petitioned the king for a pension, and for the payment of about £1,400 due to her husband at the time of his death, representing herself as destitute. The arrears at any rate seem to have been paid ultimately, for in 1633 Lady Wake bought an annuity from her half-brother, Lord Conway, for £1,450. She is mentioned in company with her kinswoman Lady Vere in the Diary of Samuel Rogers.

John Aubrey calls him "a very witty man", and describes a trick he played upon a preacher who was given to eavesdropping. An example of his armorial bearings shows Two bars in chief three torteaux, in a book-binding held at Toronto. The crest is a knot "commonly called Wake's Knot".

Lionel Wake
Isaac Wake had a cousin, Lionel (or Leonard) Wake, who was an English merchant in Antwerp. He also maintained correspondence with Sir Dudley Carleton in 1617-18 and 1624. He was a close friend of the diplomat William Trumbull the elder (died 1635).

Lionel Wake converted to Catholicism in Antwerp and lived there for much of his life. He was involved the painting trade, exporting works by Rubens and his circle into England. A letter to Trumbull from April 1618 mentions pictures for the Earl of Arundel, one large and fragile requiring a special case for transport.

He was the father of four sons and six daughters, of whom the eldest, Anna Wake (1605-before 1669) married the Antwerp merchant and art-collector Peeter Stevens. The portraits of Peeter Stevens (1627) and Anna Wake (1628), by Anthony van Dyck, are in the Mauritshuis in The Hague, Netherlands. The second daughter was the wife of the Catholic translator Edward Sheldon. The fourth, Margaret (born 1617), is said to have entered the English Carmelite convent in Antwerp in 1633 and made her professions to Anne Worsley in 1634, becoming Mother Mary Margaret of the Angels.

Works
Wake's published works are:

 Rex Platonicus, 1607. A description, in Latin, of the king's entertainment at Oxford in 1605. It is referred to by Farmer and later annotators of Shakespeare, because of a performance described in it which perhaps suggested the subject of Macbeth.
 Oratio Funebris on John Rainolds, delivered on 25 May 1607.
 Oratio Funebris on Sir Thomas Bodley, 1613.
 A Threefold Help to Political Observations, contained in three Discourses, 1655. The discourses are:
 Of the Thirteen Cantons of the Helvetical League (written about 1625)
 Of the State of Italie (written in or soon after 1625)
 Upon the Proceedings of the King of Sweden(written 1631)
An epitaph on James I, in English verse, was attributed to him.
 Divine Meditations. Written by an Honourable Person [i.e. Sir Isaac Wake.] Whereto is adjoyned, a Determination of the question, whether men ought to kneele at the receipt of the Holy Communion. And an essay of Friendship (T. Badger for Humphrey Mosley, London 1641).

Wake's despatches are among the foreign state papers at the Public Record Office. His letter-books from 1615 to 1630 are in the British Library, and so are a few of his letters to Buckingham, Carlisle, and others. Some of his despatches are printed in Cabala, and others in Gardiner's Letters and Documents.

References

Attribution

External links

Other sources
 J. Stoye, English Travellers Abroad, 1604-1667: Their Influence in English Society and Politics (Yale University Press 1989), pp. 92-113 (Google)
 S. Bracken & R. Hill, 'Sir Isaac Wake, Venice and art collecting in early Stuart England: a new document', Journal of the History of Collections Vol. 24, Issue 2 (1 July 2012), pp. 183–198. Full text at Oxford Academic (Restricted - login)
 V. Larminie, 'Sir Isaac Wake and the case for war', History of Parliament Online, 20.vi.2013.
 V. Larminie, 'The Jacobean Diplomatic Fraternity and the Protestant Cause: Sir Isaac Wake and the View from Savoy,' The English Historical Review Vol. 121, No. 494 (December 2006), pp. 1300-1326. At Jstor (Subscription Login)

1580s births
Year of birth uncertain
1632 deaths
English political writers
Ambassadors of England to France
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
Members of the Middle Temple
Public Orators of the University of Oxford
Members of the pre-1707 Parliament of England for the University of Oxford
English MPs 1624–1625
17th-century English diplomats


Tiffany Marie Weimer (born December 5, 1983) is an American soccer forward who plays for FC Nordsjælland.

Early life
During her high school career at North Haven High School in North Haven, Connecticut, Weimer netted 109 goals, a school record. She also garnered the NSCAA's All-American award twice, All-New England award three times, Parade All-American award twice, McDonald's All-American award once and SCC Hammonasset's All-Conference Award four times. Weimer played on South Central Premiere from 1993 to 1998, which is where her soccer career got its start. She went on to play for World Class Soccer from 1999 to 2003. The 1999 team won the National Championship and Weimer personally won the Adidas Golden Boot Award in that tournament.

Penn State Nittany Lions (2002–2005)
After graduating from North Haven High School, Weimer proceeded to attend Pennsylvania State University in University Park, Pennsylvania. Her 2002 season at Penn State yielded a Final Four appearance in the Division I NCAA Championship and were Big Ten Champions. She was honored with a spot on the Big Ten All Freshman Team, the Soccer Buzz All Freshman Team (Mid-Atlantic Region) and won the Big Ten Freshman of the Year. In 2003, the Penn State Nittany Lions appeared in the Elite 8 of the Division I NCAA Championship and were the Big Ten Champions. Weimer received a spot on the All Big Ten Team and the NSCAA's 1st Team All-American. She was also a Semi-Finalist for the MAC Hermann Trophy. The 2004 Nittany Lions were Big Ten Champions with Weimer receiving the Big Ten Offensive Player of The Year, earned a spot on the NSCAA's 1st Team All-American and Runner-Up for the MAC Hermann Trophy.

Weimer's final season at Penn State in 2005 drew an undefeated season of 23–0–2. They appeared in the Final 4 of the Division I NCAA Championship and were Big Ten Champions. Weimer received Big Ten Female Athlete of the Year, the Suzy Favor Award, Top Drawer Soccer Player of the Year, MAC Hermann Runner-Up and holds the NCAA record for most consecutive games with goals scored, 17 in total. Overall, Tiffany Weimer scored 91 goals, a Big Ten record, and 9th in the NCAA, and 32 assists. Most goals in one season: 32. Most Game-Winning Goals (season): 13.

Playing career

Club
In 2007, Weimer joined the SoccerPlus Connecticut Reds of the Women's Premier Soccer League. In the 2007 season, the Connecticut Reds finished third in the league. Weimer was also named WPSL East Player of the Year of 2007. Weimer contributed her expertise and degree in journalism from Pennsylvania State University and wrote a blog for that team, "Tiff's Journal."

In the summer of 2008, Weimer joined up with Finnish Naisten Liiga team Åland United. Weimer then traveled to Santos, Brazil to play for Santos FC.

On January 16, 2009, Tiffany Weimer was selected as a third round draft pick (17th overall) to play for the FC Gold Pride, a team based in the San Francisco area. In her first appearance with the club, she assisted on the first goal in club history, a cross to teammate Eriko Arakawa for a header. On August 9, 2009, FC Gold Pride wrapped up their inaugural season. Tiffany Weimer tallied a team-high three assists and also added one goal to her professional account.

On September 30, 2009, FC Gold Pride waived the 2010 rights to Weimer and on October 8, it was announced that Weimer had agreed to terms with the Boston Breakers for the 2010 season. On July 28, 2010, Weimer mutually terminated her 2010 contract with the Boston Breakers and announced her plans to travel abroad and play for AIK of Allsvenskan in Sweden.

On March 9, 2011, Vancouver Whitecaps FC, a W-League club based out of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada announced that they had signed Weimer to play for the 2011 season. Weimer will also become Whitecaps FC Women's Ambassador.

Weimer spent two seasons playing for Fortuna Hjørring in Denmark. In 2013, she joined the Portland Thorns where she spent half of the 2013 season. Weimer was traded to the Washington Spirit for the 2014 season. Unfortunately she tore her ACL in preseason and has been working to come back for the field. She missed the 2015 season due to complications from her ACL injury.

When the Boston Breakers ceased operations prior to the 2018 season, Weimer was a part of the dispersal draft on January 30, 2018. She was picked up by her former team, Washington Spirit, in the third round.

On February 13, 2018 Weimer was traded to the Houston Dash for the fourth-round pick in the 2019 NWSL Draft. She ended up being released by the team before the season.

Personal life
Weimer is the Editor-In-Chief and founder of Our Game Magazine, a women's soccer quarterly magazine. She is the President and one of the co-founders of a girls soccer club called girlsCAN Football based in Connecticut.

References

External links

 Boston Breakers player profile
 Portland Thorns FC player profile
 FC Gold Pride player profile

1983 births
Sportspeople from Bridgeport, Connecticut
American women's soccer players
Living people
Penn State Nittany Lions women's soccer players
Washington Freedom players
Expatriate women's footballers in Brazil
FC Gold Pride players
Vancouver Whitecaps FC (women) players
USL W-League (1995–2015) players
Portland Thorns FC players
Soccer players from Connecticut
National Women's Soccer League players
Fortuna Hjørring players
AIK Fotboll (women) players
Expatriate women's footballers in Finland
Expatriate women's footballers in Sweden
Kansallinen Liiga players
Åland United players
Women's association football forwards
Washington Spirit players
FC Kansas City players
Kvarnsvedens IK players
Damallsvenskan players
Boston Breakers players
FC Nordsjælland (women) players
Big Ten Athlete of the Year winners
Women's Professional Soccer players


The Journal of Catalysis is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on all aspects of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. It is published by Elsevier and it was established in 1962 by Jan Hendrik de Boer and P. W. Selwood. The current editor-in-chief is Johannes A. Lercher (Technische Universität München). Other members of the editorial board include Bert Weckhuysen and Joachim Sauer. Former editors-in-chief have been F. S. Stone, W. K. Hall, G. L. Haller, W. N. Delgass, and E. Iglesia.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 8.047.

Role in copyright lawsuit

In the mid-1980s, photocopies of eight selections from the journal (four articles, two notes, and two letters to the editor) were at the center of American Geophysical Union v. Texaco, Inc., a key case in American copyright law. They were in the files of Donald Chickering, a chemical engineer working at Texaco's research center outside Beacon, New York, United States, made by the research center's internal library. Academic Press, the journal's then-publisher, the American Geophysical Union and several other publishers whose journals Texaco subscribed to, alleged that the company's bulk photocopying of articles they published, without paying them sufficient licensing royalties through the Copyright Clearance Center, was copyright infringement.

Texaco claimed as its primary defense fair use, citing an earlier case where similar photocopying of journal articles by two federal government research centers was held to be non-infringing. One aspect of that defense was transformative use, a relatively new concept at the time, derived from Harvard Law Review article two years earlier by Pierre Leval, a federal judge who was assigned to hear the case. Texaco argued, among other things, that the photocopies were transformative use since they enabled its scientists to take the articles into their labs where they might get damaged during experiments, something they would not do with the originals in the journal. Leval rejected that argument, and held that the company's photocopying was an infringement of the publisher's copyright. Texaco appealed to the Second Circuit Court of Appeals, which affirmed Leval in 1995; it was the first time an appellate court had considered the transformative use question.

References

External links

Chemistry journals
Academic journals established in 1962
Elsevier academic journals
English-language journals
Monthly journals


Calhoun County Airport  is a public airport  northwest of Blountstown in Calhoun County, Florida. It is on State Road 71 between Blountstown, FL and Altha, FL and is publicly owned.

References

External links

Airports in Florida
Transportation buildings and structures in Calhoun County, Florida


Souf Camp () is a Palestinian refugee camp situated nearby the town of Souf and the city of Jerash in Jordan. According to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), there was 21,900 people living in the camp in 2005, of which 20,530 were registered refugees.

History
Souf Camp is one of the six emergency camps set up in Jordan for Palestinian refugees fleeing the West Bank from incoming Israeli forces during the Six-Day War in June 1967. Most of the refugees were 1948 refugees from Bayt Jibrin and 'Ajjur as well as Palestinians from the city of Tubas.

Local infrastructure
There are 135 commercial shops, three bakeries and one pharmacy in the camp. There is 35,000 square meters of road in Souf. About 98% of the inhabitants have access to water. The Jordanian government runs a post office, a police station and youth club in Souf. There are six schools in the camp, four managed by the UNRWA and the only two secondary schools by the Jordanian government.

References

External links
Souf, articles from UNWRA

Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan
Populated places established in 1967


Bait and bleed is a military strategy described by international relations theorist John J. Mearsheimer in his book on offensive realism, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (2001). The aim is to induce rival states to engage in a protracted war of attrition against each other "so that they bleed each other white", while the baiter who encouraged the conflict remains on the sidelines and maintains its military strength.

Mearsheimer cites as an example Russia's efforts to provoke Austria and Prussia into war with France shortly after the French Revolution, evidenced by Catherine the Great's statement to her secretary in 1791: "I am racking my brains in order to push the courts of Vienna and Berlin into French affairs. ... There are reasons I cannot talk about; I want to get them involved in that business to have my hands free. I have much unfinished business, and it's necessary for them to be kept busy and out of my way."

Bloodletting
Mearsheimer describes a similar strategy which he calls "bloodletting", which does not involve incitement or baiting by a third party. When a state's rivals have already gone to war independently, the aim is to encourage the conflict to continue as long as possible to let the rival states weaken or "bleed" each other's military strength, while the bloodletting party stays out of the fighting.

This strategy is exemplified in United States senator Harry S. Truman's statement in 1941 regarding the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and its allies, Italy, Hungary, Finland, and Romania: "If we see that Germany is winning, we ought to help Russia, and if Russia is winning we ought to help Germany, and that way let them kill as many as possible, although I don't want to see Hitler victorious under any circumstances."

See also
 Attrition warfare
 Divide and rule
 John J. Mearsheimer
 Power politics
 Realism in international relations
 Realpolitik
 Perfidious Albion
 Stalin's speech of 19 August 1939

References

Attrition warfare
International relations
Military strategy
Political science terminology


The Virginia Association of Science Teachers, Inc. (VAST) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization.

VAST is a comprehensive educational organization dedicated to the nurturing and advancement of superior science education. Its objectives are to advance the study of science, to promote excellence in the teaching of science and to provide opportunity for communication among science educators in the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Leadership is provided by promoting the study of science at all grade-levels, supporting conditions which ensure an optimal environment for the teaching of science, advocating high quality science instruction for all students at all levels and by providing an avenue for communication among the members of the science education community.

Formed in 1952, it is the Virginia chapter affiliated with the National Science Teachers Association.

References

External links
 Official web site

Teacher associations based in the United States
1952 establishments in Virginia
Organizations established in 1952
501(c)(3) organizations
Educational organizations based in Virginia


The Fairview Range is a mountain range in Lincoln County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Lincoln County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of Nevada


The Pleasant Hill Presbyterian Church, originally known as Mount Carmel Presbyterian Church, is a historic Greek Revival church in Pleasant Hill, Alabama.  The current structure was built between 1851 and 1852.  It features a distyle-in-antis type portico with simple box columns, a bell tower topped by a small domed cupola, and a second-floor balcony around three sides of the interior.  It was placed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on the November 2, 1990 and on the National Register of Historic Places on April 22, 1999.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Alabama
Historical Marker Database

References

External links

South Dallas Historical Preservation Association Restoration of Pleasant Hill Presbyterian Church

National Register of Historic Places in Dallas County, Alabama
Properties on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Churches completed in 1852
19th-century Presbyterian church buildings in the United States
Presbyterian churches in Alabama
1852 establishments in Alabama


The DA! collective is an art collective that squats in London, England, co-founded by Simon and Bogna McAndrew, Stephanie Smith, Samuel Conrad, Julika Vaci, Aishlinn Dowling, Sam Padfield and Murat Bulut Aysan. After squatting in three buildings, they received national attention when they squatted a townhouse in Mayfair, Westminster, Greater London in October 2008. The property, at 18 Upper Grosvenor Street, is a 30-room grade II-listed 1730s mansion worth an estimated £6.25 million owned by the billionaire Duke of Westminster, Britain's wealthiest private landlord.

Formation and First Three Spaces
Simon McAndrew (b. 1979), a hairdresser, co-founded DA! after squatting at Chez Robert in Paris. In 2005, he and partner Bogna McAndrew formed "a London equivalent of Chez Robert" in a six-story home on Kensington High Street. The collective has been self described as "a mix of visual, performance and conceptual artists, writers, musicians, thinkers, art students, students of other disciplines." McAndrew and Bogna lived in the home for a year, and attracted new members such as Stephanie Smith. DA! continued to use spots at Knightsbridge and Tottenham Court Road before finding the spot at Grosvenor Street.

Grosvenor Street Squatting and Media Attention
The group had been observing the home for six months, putting tape on the keyhole to see if it was in use and checking the letterbox. One October 2010 night, several members wore high-visibility jackets (such as a construction worker) and climbed to an unlocked window. The members held a 24-hour occupancy in keeping with Land Registration Act 2002, which states that squatters must occupy for ten years before applying for ownership - at the time, squatting in a residential property was still a civil offense. McAndrew referred to this space as MADA!, combining "MA" from Mayfair with DA!.

In a statement delivered from the balcony (bedecked with a blacked-out tattered Union Jack), Stephanie Smith declared:

Two art shows were put on in MADA! on 8 November and 21 November. Visual installations, music, and performance art were among the projects displayed in the home.

By the end of November 2010, DA! was given an eviction notice by lease owners Deltaland Resources Ltd. and left Grosvenor Street.

After Grosvenor

"The Temporary School of Thought"
Immediately after being evicted, DA! occupied a £22.5m property nearby in Clarges Mews. This project was titled "The Temporary School of Thought", and featured free and open group activities such as deschooling sessions, labyrinth-building and French book-binding. They remained undetected until the lease owners, Timekeeper Ltd., noticed a Christmas tree in the window. In mid-December 2010, they were evicted from this property.

m@ke-u.se
In 2011, McAndrew started a project called InEmptyBuildings - later named ma.ke-u.se (stylized as m@ke-u.se) which aimed to "enable artists, to support and stimulate each other; by using vacant commercial buildings in central London, at very low cost, on a short term basis." Later, as the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 implemented harsher offenses for squatting, the project shifted to creating a "practical, media savvy, pro-squatting campaign to reverse the direction in which the law is currently heading". m@ke-u.se has not been updated since March 2014.

Possible Resurrection
After lying dormant with no projects for three years, the DA! Facebook page hinted in December 2013 "Is 2014 the year DA! returns?" The Facebook page has remained active.

See also
Artivist
Squatting in England
!WOWOW! - a similar art collective that squats in London

References

Culture in London
British artist groups and collectives
People from Mayfair
20th-century squatters
Squatting in the United Kingdom


ChinaCast Education Corporation is a leading for-profit, post-secondary education and e-learning services provider in the People's Republic of China. Established in 1999, the Company provides its post-secondary degree programs through its 80% ownership in the holding company of the Foreign Trade and Business College (FTBC) of Chongqing Normal University.  The Company provides its e-learning services to post-secondary institutions, K-12 schools, government agencies and corporate enterprises via its nationwide satellite broadband network.  The company listed on the NASDAQ Global Market Exchange with the ticker symbol CAST on October 29, 2007.

History/Major Corporate Milestones
The Company was established in 1999 as ChinaCast Communications Limited (CCL) and subsequently raised a Series A venture capital round which included investors Hughes Network Systems and Intel Capital.  In May 2004, the Company was renamed ChinaCast Communications Holdings Limited (CCH) and made an initial public offering on the Singapore Stock Exchange.  On December 22, 2006, Great Wall Acquisition Corporation, a US-listed (stock symbol OTC:GWAQ) Special Purpose Acquisition Company, completed the 100% acquisition via tender offer of CCH in a reverse merger transaction. Great Wall Acquisition Corporation was then renamed ChinaCast Education Corporation in early 2007 (stock symbol OTC:CEUC) and then listed on the NASDAQ Global Market Exchange (stock symbol NASDAQ:CAST) on October 29, 2007.  In April 2008, the Company completed the acquisition of 80% of the holding company of the Foreign Trade and Business College of Chongqing Normal University.

Business services
Two principal business lines:
 E-Learning services to post-secondary institutions, K-12 schools, government agencies and corporate enterprises
 Post-secondary education through the Foreign Trade and Business College (FTBC) of Chongqing Normal University.

E-Learning Services
The Company with its subsidiaries and variable interest entities, provides e-learning education services via its nationwide satellite broadband network to post-secondary education institutions, K-12 schools, government agencies and corporate enterprises. These services include interactive distance learning applications, multimedia education content delivery, vocational/career training courses and English language training through its Daily English Language training centers. As of September 2008, the Company has provided its e-learning services to over 15 state-owned universities, 6,500 K-12 schools and over 300 government and corporate enterprise locations throughout China.

Post-secondary education
The Company provides post-secondary education services through the Foreign Trade and Business College (FTBC) of Chongqing Normal University.  The college is an independent, for-profit, private university and is located in the southwest city of Chongqing, China’s largest municipality in population and in area. Chongqing has a population of 31 million and the adjacent province, Sichuan, has a population of 82 million.  FTBC offers four-year bachelor's degree and two-year diploma programs in finance, economics, trade, tourism, advertising, IT, music and foreign languages, all of which are fully accredited by the Ministry of Education.  FTBC’s campus has over  of land and over 900 faculty and staff.  For the academic year starting September 2008, the college had over 11,000 students enrolled. FTBC has an on-campus student capacity of 15,000 students which it anticipates to reach in 2011.

Education companies of China


is a Japanese writer of mystery and science fiction light novels from the Oita Prefecture in Japan. He is a member of the Mystery Writers of Japan and the Honkaku Mystery Writers Club of Japan.

He studied the English language at Sophia University, where he graduated. In 1998 Mikumo won silver in the fifth Dengeki Novel Prize with his debut novel, Called Gehenna. He went on to win the Japan SF Rookie of the Year Award in 1999 with M.G.H., and a special prize in the Sneaker Awards in 2000 with Earth Reverse. Mikumo is currently most well known for the Asura Cryin' series and the Strike the Blood series.

Works
 Asura Cryin' series
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 Called Gehenna series
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 Dantalian no Shoka series
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 i.d. series
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 seven -
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 Rebellion series
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 Strike the Blood series

 Zettai Karen Children series
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Video games
 Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops – writer
 Metal Gear Survive – writer

References

External links

Japanese science fiction writers
Japanese mystery writers
Light novelists
Living people
People from Ōita Prefecture
Year of birth missing (living people)


The Antelope Range is a mountain range in Pershing County, Nevada.

The range was so named on account of antelope in the area.

References

Mountain ranges of Pershing County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of Nevada


Uncial 0148 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 51 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. It is dated paleographically to the 8th-century.

Description
The codex contains a small part of the Gospel of Matthew 28:5-19, on one parchment leaf (21.5 cm by 16.5 cm). The text is written in two columns per page, 24 lines per page, in large uncial letters.

The Greek text of this codex is mixed. Aland placed it in Category III.

Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 8th-century.

The codex currently is located at the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (Suppl. Gr. 106), in Vienna.

See also

 List of New Testament uncials
 Textual criticism

References

Greek New Testament uncials
8th-century biblical manuscripts
Biblical manuscripts of the Austrian National Library


The Antelope Range is a mountain range in Elko and White Pine counties, Nevada.

The range was named for the wild antelope which roamed the area.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Elko County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of White Pine County, Nevada


Battleground Earth may refer to:

 Battleground Earth, a television series.
 "Battleground Earth" (Lois & Clark episode), an episode of the Lois & Clark Superman television series.
 Battleground: Earth, a preliminary title for the television series Earth: Final Conflict

See also
Battlefield Earth (disambiguation)


League pyramid

All women's leagues in Scotland are part of a pyramid structure, with the Scottish Women's Premier League being at the top. Leagues become more regional at the bottom.

Clubs are allowed numerous teams in the Leagues, however, no club can be permitted to have more than one team in each of the top two divisions. More than one team from the same club can, however, compete in the 2nd divisions.

The Women's football in Scotland pyramid has 4 steps in it. They are:

Scottish Women's Premier League

The teams below are competing in the Scottish Women's Premier League in the 2021 season:

SWPL1
 Aberdeen
 Celtic
 Glasgow City
 Hamilton Academical
 Hearts
 Hibernian
 Motherwell
 Partick Thistle
 Rangers
 Spartans

SWPL2
 Boroughmuir Thistle
 Dundee United
 Glasgow Women
 Kilmarnock
 Queen's Park
 St Johnstone
 Stirling University

Scottish Women's First Division

The teams below are competing in the Scottish Women's First Division in the 2021 season:

SWFL 1 North
Buchan
Dryburgh Athletic
Dundee West
Dunfermline Athletic
East Fife
Grampian
Inverness Caledonian Thistle
Montrose
Stonehaven
Westdyke

SWFL 1 South
 Airdrie United
 Ayr United
 Broomhill
 Clyde
 Edinburgh Caledonia
 Edinburgh City
 Falkirk
 Gartcairn
 Gleniffer Thistle
 Greenock Morton
 Hutchison Vale
 Livingston
 Renfrew
 Rossvale
 St Mirren
 Stenhousemuir
 United Glasgow

Scottish Women's Second Division

The teams below are competing in the Scottish Women's Football League Second Division in the 2019 season:

North
 Buchan Youth
 Buckie Thistle
 Caithness
 Forfar Farmington Development
 Moray
 Ross County
 Turriff United

West
 Bishopton
 Dumbarton United — withdrew
 Gleniffer Thistle
 Kilwinning
 Pollok United
 Queen of the South — withdrew
 Rutherglen
 St Mirren
 Stranraer
 United Glasgow

Central
 Airdrie
 Broxburn Athletic
 Cumbernauld Colts Yellows
 East Kilbride
 Glasgow Girls Development
 Hamilton Academical Under-23s
 Hawick United
 Motherwell Development
 Murieston United
 St Mirren
 West Park United

East
 Bonnyrigg Rose
 Dryburgh Athletic
 Dundee City
 East Fife Violets
 Edinburgh Caledonia
 GOC
 Hearts Development
 Hutchison Vale Development
 Jeanfield Swifts Development
 Kelty Hearts
 Lothian
 Spartans Development

See also
Women's football (soccer)
List of women's national football teams
List of women's football teams
List of women's football (soccer) competitions.
 London Fc Women
 Clyde City

References

Scotland women

Women


The Antelope Range is a mountain range in Nye County, Nevada. A small part of the range extends north into southern Eureka County. The community of Eureka is about  to the northeast of north end of the range.

The Antelope Range is a north-northeast trending linear range with a length of approximately  and a width of about .  The Monitor Range lies to the west across the Antelope Valley on the northwest and Little Fish Lake Valley on the southwest.  Hot Creek Range adjoins the range to the south across Long Canyon.  To the east lie the Park Range and Little Smokey Valley with the Fish Creek Range to the northeast.

Highest peaks in the range are Ninemile Peak at  just south of the Eureka–Nye County line and Moonshine Peak  about  to the south.  Little Smokey Valley floor  east of Ninemile Peak is at an elevation of .

Geology
The Middle Ordovician Whiterock Stage was named for geologic units in the region.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Nye County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of the Great Basin
Mountain ranges of Eureka County, Nevada


Antoine Favre, baron of Pérouges (5 October 1557 – 1624) was a Savoisian nobleman and jurist.

Favre was born in Bourg-en-Bresse.  After studies in Paris and Turin, he practiced law in Chambéry. He was a member of the Savoyard court there from 1585 onwards, and its president from 1610 onwards.

His principal scholarly work is the Codex Fabrianus definitionum forensium (1609), a report of the decisions of his court organised after the Justinian Code. Favre's other research, conjectures about the Justinian code in which he endeavours to separate the Justinian insertions from the classical Roman texts, is still valued by scholars today.

References

1557 births
1624 deaths
Writers from Bourg-en-Bresse
16th-century French lawyers
17th-century French lawyers


Raymond Richard Warren (23 June 1918 – 13 March 1988) was a professional footballer who spent his entire career at Bristol Rovers. He joined the club on 12 March 1936, at the age of 17, and spent twenty years playing as a centre-half with the Eastville club until retiring in 1956. On 26 March 2021, Warren became the fifth player to be inducted into the newly created Bristol Rovers Hall of Fame.

See also
One club men

References

1918 births
1988 deaths
Footballers from Bristol
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
English Football League players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players


Max and Ruby is an animated children's television series based on the book series by Rosemary Wells. In Canada, the series debuted on Treehouse TV on May 3, 2002, and in the United States, the series premiered on Nick Jr. on October 21, 2002, and the series premiered on Noggin on August 16, 2004. A sixth season of the series premiered on September 18, 2016, and concluded on September 24, 2018 in the United States, with a new main voice cast and theme song. A seventh season premiered August 12, 2018 (with the main voice cast reused from Season 6).

Series overview

Episodes

Season 1 (2002–2003)

Season 2 (2003–2004)

Season 3 (2006–2007)

Season 4 (2009)

Season 5 (2011–2013)

Season 6 (2016–2018)
 This is the first season in which Max and Ruby's parents are seen. They were previously mentioned during the first five seasons.
 Episodes go by US broadcast number and not Canadian broadcast number.
 Max has become interested in dinosaurs and inspired by many dinosaur movies and TV shows, becomes a dinosaur expert.

Season 7 (2018–2019)
In this season, Antônio, Grace and Oliver have now been introduced as the newest characters. Atomic Cartoons now produces this season, as in the previous one the studio was the animation producer.

Notes

References

Lists of Canadian children's animated television series episodes
Lists of Nickelodeon television series episodes


Laurence Mark Wisefield (born 27 August 1952) is an English guitarist and vocalist , best known for his contributions to Wishbone Ash during the 1970s and 1980s.

Early career
Prior to his stint in Wishbone Ash, Wisefield performed with the progressive rock band, Home. The group released three albums through Columbia Records between 1971 and 1974. Another member of Home, Cliff Williams, went on to find fame with AC/DC.

Wishbone Ash

Wisefield joined Wishbone Ash prior to their 1974 album There's the Rub, eventually leaving in the mid 1980s following the release of Raw to the Bone.

Post-Wishbone Ash
Following his departure from Wishbone Ash, Wisefield went on to perform with Tina Turner, Joe Cocker and Roger Chapman.

We Will Rock You
In 2002, Wisefield joined the musical cast of We Will Rock You. As well as performing live with the musical, Wisefield appeared on the 2002 cast recording, and accompanied the performance at the 2002 Party at the Palace to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

Wisefield was a regular member of Tina Turner's touring band.

Wisefield is currently a member of the band Snakecharmer, along with ex-members of Whitesnake and Thunder.

References

Wishbone Ash members
1952 births
Living people
Slide guitarists
English rock guitarists
Musicians from London


"Then They Do" is a song written by Jim Collins and Sunny Russ and recorded by American country music artist Trace Adkins. It was released in March 2003 as the first and only single from his compilation album Greatest Hits Collection, Vol. 1.

Content
In the first verse, the protagonist describes a typical morning where his children are causing trouble on the way to school, and thinks things will be easier when the children grow up. Once the children have all gone off to college and gotten married, their parents realize that they have more time to themselves now that their children have accomplished their dreams, but their house and lives feel a lot emptier nonetheless.

Music video
The music video was directed by Deaton Flanigen and premiered in early 2003.

Chart positions
"Then They Do" debuted at number 52 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs for the week of March 15, 2003.

Year-end charts

Susie Luchsinger cover
In 2005, the song was released by Susie Luchsinger on her album Count It All Joy, with more instrumental aid.

References

2003 singles
2003 songs
Trace Adkins songs
Susie Luchsinger songs
Songs written by Jim Collins (singer)
Song recordings produced by Scott Hendricks
Capitol Records Nashville singles
Music videos directed by Deaton-Flanigen Productions
Songs written by Sunny Russ


The Fish Creek Mountains are a mountain range in Lander County, Nevada.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Lander County, Nevada


The Fish Creek Range is a mountain range in Eureka County, Nevada.

The range was so named on account of nearby streams well-stocked with fish.

References

Mountain ranges of Nevada
Mountain ranges of Eureka County, Nevada