Bradford Keeney, Ph.D. (3 April 1951) is a creative therapist, cybernetician, anthropologist of cultural healing traditions, improvisational performer, and spiritual healer. Bradford Keeney has served as a professor, founder, and director of clinical doctoral programs in numerous universities. He is the originator of several orientations to psychotherapy including improvisational therapy, resource focused therapy, and creative therapy.  He is the inventor of recursive frame analysis, a research method that discerns patterns of transformation in conversation.  A Clinical Fellow of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, he received the 2008 Distinguished Lifetime Achievement Award from the Louisiana Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.

As an ethnographic fieldworker, Keeney has been called the Marco Polo of psychology and an anthropologist of the spirit by the editors of Utne Reader. He spent over a decade traveling the globe, living with spiritual teachers and healers who trusted him to share their words with others – modern cultures in need of elder wisdom. The result of Keeney's work is one of the broadest and most intense field studies of healing, chronicled in the critically acclaimed book series, Profiles of Healing, an eleven-volume encyclopedia of the world's healing practices.

Biography
Bradford Keeney was born in Granite City, Illinois, and grew up in Smithville, Missouri. In May 1969, he won a merit award from the American Medical Association, and later first place at the international science fair with a project called “An Experimental Study of the Effects of Hydrocortisone, Insulin, and Epinephrine on the Glycogen Content of Hepatic Tissues Perfused in Vitro.”  This award earned him a scholarship to M.I.T. where he was first introduced to cybernetics and systems thinking.  Fascinated by cybernetics, Keeney sought out Gregory Bateson, one of the world’s leading cyberneticians, who became his friend and mentor.  Keeney’s doctoral dissertation (Purdue University, 1981) became the book Aesthetics of Change (1983), considered a seminal work in cybernetic theory and heralded by the likes of cybernetician and systems theorist Heinz von Foerster.

Bradford Keeney is married to and conducts all his work with Hillary Keeney, PhD, with whom he has co-authored seven books.
He is the father of notable Los Angeles-based DJ, DJ Skee.

Ethnographic Fieldwork, Ecstatic Healing and Spirituality
Since 1995, Bradford Keeney has traveled the globe conducting ethnographic studies of ecstatic healing traditions, focusing on “shaking medicine”.  Keeney’s work culminated in the creation of the Profiles of Healing series for the Ringing Rocks Foundation, describing ecstatic healing practices on four continents.  Keeney’s experiences were chronicled in the biography American Shaman. Currently, Keeney synthesizes what he learned from traditional and ecstatic healers with creative psychotherapy to add recursivity and performance to psychotherapeutic encounters.

With his wife, Hillary Keeney, he co-founded The Keeney Institute for Healing, dedicated to the development and dissemination of ecstatic healing and spirituality. The Keeney Institute conducts experiential training and education for healers, therapists, body workers, clergy, and the general public in the U.S. and at institutes throughout the globe. The work of the Keeney Institute is rooted to other ecstatic healing traditions including Kalahari Bushman (San) healing, the shakers of the Caribbean, and seiki jutsu Japanese energy medicine, among others.

Recognized as an ecstatic spiritual teacher and healer by numerous cultures, Keeney became a n/om-kxao (healer) with the Kalahari Bushmen. Megan Biesele, Ph.D., former member of the Harvard Kalahari Research Group, writes: "There is no question in the minds of the Bushman healers that Keeney's strength and purposes are coterminous with theirs. They affirmed his power as a healer."

Work in cybernetics and psychotherapy
Keeney is known for several important contributions to the field of psychotherapy, through his application of cybernetics to the discipline.  While serving with such institutions as the Menninger Foundation, the Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic at the University of Pennsylvania, the Ackerman Institute for Family Therapy, and several universities throughout the United States, Dr. Keeney developed the following groundbreaking ideas.

In his early work, Keeney articulated patterns of communication for distinguished psychotherapists, later using his own psychotherapeutic cases to show how one can use psychotherapy as an art to create successful therapeutic transformation in clients. Some of his major works include Aesthetics of Change (1983), Mind in Therapy (1985), The Creative Therapist (2009), "Circular Therapeutics: Giving Therapy a Healing Heart" (with Hillary Keeney, 2012), Creative Therapeutic Technique" (with Hillary Keeney, 2013), and the Profiles of Healing series on ecstatic healing traditions sponsored by the Ringing Rocks Foundation (1999 – 2008). In 2010, Bradford Keeney and his wife, Hillary Keeney, created an online doctoral program in creative systemic studies at the University of Louisiana, Monroe. It is the first non-clinical MFT program of its kind dedicated to interdisciplinary scholarship and the study of cybernetics and systems thinking - the originating ideas of the field of systemic family therapy.

Recursive frame analysis
Keeney developed Recursive Frame Analysis (RFA) as a qualitative research method for discerning patterns in therapeutic conversation. It is a method he describes as “scoring” conversations, much as one would a song.  Through RFA “…Keeney derived a series of distinctions which would allow therapists and researchers to describe interactional patterns in therapeutic discourse and to guide their practice in therapy.”  RFA has been used in numerous dissertations and research studies. It is currently being used to demonstrate the different ways one can analyze conversation in a wide variety of conversational settings, including couples and family interaction, counseling, political diplomacy, and doctor-patient discourse.

Resource focused therapy
With his colleague Wendel Ray, Keeney created “Resource Focused Therapy.”  Resource Focused Therapy is an approach to psychotherapy that pays little or no attention to problems or difficulties that have become pathologized.  This form of therapeutic intervention focuses entirely on “bringing forth the natural resources of both clients and therapists”.  This focus on resources is a recontextualization of information presented that therapeutically and creatively changes the way the client interacts with the world. It is a performative communication that occurs in acts, and looks to observers much more like an improvised play than classical therapy.  The goal of this interaction is to transform the client’s situation from one that is impoverished to one that amplifies resources and ability.

Creativity in therapy
Building on the concepts from his Resource Focused Therapy model, Keeney has developed a concept of creativity in therapy that moves beyond the norms of psychotherapy to view the therapist/client interaction as a transformative, performative, improvisational art.  This work is based on clinical case studies that have been filmed and archived over the last decade. The theoretical model uses theories of improvisation in the performing arts and systemic ideas to provide a way of understanding how clinical sessions can become more creative and effective.

Publications
Keeney published numerous books and papers. A selection of academic books

 1983. Aesthetics of Change. New York:  The Guilford Press.
 1983. Diagnosis and Assessment in Family Therapy (Editor). Rockville, Maryland: Aspen Systems.
 1985. Mind in Therapy: Constructing Systemic Family Therapies. With J. Ross. New York: Basic Books.
 1986. The Therapeutic Voice of Olga Silverstein. With O. Silverstein. New York: The Guilford Press.
 1987. Constructing Therapeutic Realities. Dortmund, Germany: Verlag fur Modernes Lernen.
 1988. Kultur und Spiel, With Gregory Bateson. Suhrkamp, Ffm.
 1990. The Systemic Therapist, Volume I (Editor), St. Paul: Systemic Therapy Press.
 1990. The Systemic Therapist, Volume II (Editor), St. Paul: Systemic Therapy Press.
 1991. Improvisational Therapy: A Practical Guide for Creative Clinical Strategies, New York: The Guilford Press.
 1993. Resource Focused Therapy. With W. Ray. Karnac Books.
 2006. Milton H. Erickson, M.D.: An American Healer. With B.A. Erickson. Philadelphia: Ringing Rocks Press.
 2009. The Creative Therapist: The Art of Awakening a Clinical Session. New York: Routledge.
 2012. "Circular Therapeutics: Giving Therapy a Healing Heart." with Hillary Keeney. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker, & Theisen, Inc.
 2013. "Creative Therapeutic Technique: Skills for the Art of Bringing Forth Change." with Hillary Keeney. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker, & Theisen, Inc.

Popular Press Books:
 1995. Shaking Out the Spirits, New York: Station Hill Press.
 1995. The Lunatic Guide to the David Letterman Show (Experiments with Absurd Social Interventions), New York: Station Hill Press.
 1996. Crazy Wisdom Tales, New York: Barrytown Press.
 1996. Everyday Soul, New York: Riverhead/Putnam.
 1998. The Energy Break (The Practice of Autokinetics), New York: Golden Books, 1998.
 2005. Bushman Shaman: Awakening the Spirit through Ecstatic Dance, Rochester, Vermont: Destiny Books.
 2006. Shamanic Christianity: The Direct Experience of Mystical Communion, Rochester, Vermont: Destiny Books.
 2007. Shaking Medicine, Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions.
 2010. Bushman Way of Tracking God, New York, NY: Atria Books/Beyond Words.
Winner of a Silver Nautilus Book Award for the category "Multicultural/Indigenous".
 2011. The Flying Drum: The Mojo Doctor's Guide to Creating Magic in Your Life, New York, NY: Atria Books/Beyond Words.
 2014: Seiki Jutsu: The Practice of Non-Subtle Energy Medicine. with Hillary Keeney. Rochester, VT: Inner Traditions/Bear & Company.

See also

 Complex systems
 Constructivist epistemology
 Cybernetics
 Family therapy
 Second-order cybernetics
 Systems thinking
 Systems psychology

References

Further reading

External links

https://sacredecstatics.com/

1951 births
American psychotherapists
American ethnographers
Living people
Purdue University alumni
Systems psychologists
People from Granite City, Illinois
People from Smithville, Missouri


The Mount Coffee Hydropower Project is a hydroelectric project in the West African nation of Liberia on the Saint Paul River. Built in 1966 with additional phases completed later, the project has a maximum generating capacity of 88 MW. The Walter F. Walker Hydro Dam and generating facilities were extensively damaged during the First Liberian Civil War in 1990 and functioning was not restored until 2018.

History
In 1963, the Liberian government received a loan from the World Bank to develop a US$24.3 million hydro electric project. Construction of the facility began in 1964 by the Monrovia Power Authority using Raymond Concrete Pile Company as the contractor and Stanley Consultants as the project managers. In 1966, the power company completed the initial phase of the dam and began generating electricity. The project was finished in 1967 and named the T. J. R. Faulkner W.F. Walker Hydroelectric Power Station.

Initial generating capacity was 30 MW produced by two turbines, which was increased to 64 MW when two more turbines were added in 1973. The Monrovia Power Authority became the Liberia Electricity Corporation on July 12, 1973. In June 1990, the government announced plans to more than double the electricity generating capacity of the project and adding a reservoir to allow more generation during the dry season. The plans called for a new  dam to be built upriver on the Via River to provide storage capacity, while two 52 MW turbines would be added at the existing power generating plant. The US$300 million expansion was never begun due to the Civil War.

In July 1990, rebel forces under the command of Charles Taylor seized the dam and shut off power and water to Monrovia. During this First Civil War, the project's intake dam was destroyed on one end while the rest received other damage. Other parts of the facilities were looted and destroyed in later years of the conflict. Beginning in early 2005, proposals were made to repair the facility and restore power, including a proposal by China.

The United States Trade and Development Agency gave $400,000 to Liberia in February 2007 to study rebuilding and expanding the project. The study showed no structural damage to the dam, but that most of the project's facilities would need to be rebuilt at a cost of US$383 million. As of August 2008, the Liberian government was considering privatization of the project for a fixed number of years as the nation did not have the resources to fund the repair.

In May 2012, the Mt. Coffee Hydropower Rehabilitation Project was initiated with a series of surveying and engineering assessments of the feasibility of revitalizing the plant. This work culminated with the signing of a contract in April 2013 with a Norwegian company (Norplan AS) and a German company (Fichtner GmbH) to revitalize the defunct power-plant by 2015.

In December 2016, the first hydropower turbine and generator unit, with an installed capacity of 22 megawatts (MW), was officially dedicated and commissioned. The project, completed in 2018, raised the total installed capacity of the Mt. Coffee Hydropower Plant to 88 MW (four generating units of 22 MW each). The Mount Coffee Hydro Electric Dam is located in  Mount Coffee, township of Harrisburg. White Plains is the site of the water filtration plant.

Details
Located in the Harrisburg Township of Careysburg District, Montserrado County, it lies on the Saint Paul River approximately 21 miles from Monrovia. The dam is a run-of the river style dam, in that there is no reservoir. Due to the lack of a reservoir, the dependable generating capacity is only 10 MW, as that is the normal flow of the river during the dry season. Prior to the First Liberian Civil War the plant produced 64MW of electricity, which accounted for 35% of all electricity generated in the nation. In addition to electricity, the Liberia Water and Sewer Corporation used the project to provide drinking water to Monrovia and surrounding areas before the war.

References

External links

Working Group Exercise – contains pictures of the project after the war

Montserrado County
Saint Paul River
Hydroelectric power stations in Liberia
Dams completed in 1966


The United States Army Gas School was established during World War I at Camp A.A. Humphreys in Virginia. The first courses began in May 1918 and the school was designed to instruct commissioned and noncommissioned officers in chemical warfare.

History
In late October 1917 the War College was badly underprepared for large-scale chemical warfare in World War I. With many U.S. soldiers operating in a chemical environment with no knowledge of chemical warfare the War College requested a British gas officers and NCOs, the requests were granted. The British experts arrived and were directed and coordinated by Major S.J.M. Auld. Auld was tasked with composing a "working textbook on gas" for the U.S. Army.

Among Auld's recommendations was an idea the General Staff had already been considering, the establishment of a central Army Gas School. As a result of Auld's suggestion the Army Gas School was established at Camp A.A. Humphreys, Virginia. The school, beginning in May 1918, offered two initial courses. One course was a four-day class on general information about gas warfare and was offered to commissioned and noncommissioned officers. The second course was a 12-day affair for Chief Gas Officers which went into greater detail about chemical warfare.

Upon its establishment, Ross A. Baker was given charge of training for Chief Gas Officers at the Army Gas School. Baker was the Chief Gas Officer at Camp Pike in Arkansas and a professor of chemistry at the University of Minnesota before taking the post at Camp Humphreys. Later in the month of October 1917 the entire Army Gas School operation was transferred to Camp Kendrick.

See also

Defence CBRN Centre
United States Army CBRN School
United States Army Chemical Corps
United States chemical weapons program

References

Further reading
"Army Starts a Gas School", The New York Times, 30 May 1918, accessed 19 October 2008.

United States Army schools
Chemical warfare facilities
1918 establishments in Virginia


La Cruz is a town and seat of the municipality of La Cruz, in the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua. As of 2010, the population of 1,671 is up from 1,318 in 2005.

References

Populated places in Chihuahua (state)


Manuel Benavides is a small town and seat of the municipality of Manuel Benavides, in the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua. As of 2010, the town had a population of 916, up from 200 as of 2005.  It is a rural bordertown on the U.S.-Mexico border, with the town of Redford, Texas, directly opposite, on the U.S. side of the border.

References

Populated places in Chihuahua (state)
Chihuahua (state) populated places on the Rio Grande


Argyra may refer to:

Argyra, an insect genus
A plant genus currently considered a synonym of Croton
Argyra (mythology), a Greek nymph, one of the Naiads
Argyra, Greece, a village in Achaea, Greece
Argyra (Achaea), an ancient town of Achaea, Greece
Argyra (Euboea), an ancient city of Euboea, Greece
Argyra (Pontus), an ancient town of Pontus, now in Turkey


The 2011 IZOD IndyCar Series was the 16th season of the IndyCar Series and the 100th recognized season of American open-wheel motor racing. The season was sanctioned by IndyCar and was part of the Mazda Road to Indy. The season began in March and concluded in October, consisting of seventeen events.

It was the final season running the Dallara IR-05 spec cars, which had been the series' sole chassis supplier since 2007. It was also the final season running the Honda Indy V8 naturally-aspirated engines, which had been the series' sole engine supplier since 2006. The events took place in twelve states of the United States, as well Canada, Brazil, and Japan. The schedule featured ten street/road courses and eight on oval tracks. The premier event was the 95th Indianapolis 500, won by Dan Wheldon.

Dario Franchitti claimed his fourth IndyCar Series Championship title. He went into the final race of the season leading Will Power by 18 points. However, the race and the season were both marred by a 15-car pile-up early in the race that claimed Wheldon's life. The race was abandoned after 12 completed laps and the final points total reverted to the previous event, with Franchitti winning the title.

Rookie of the Year honors went to Canadian James Hinchcliffe, who led American J. R. Hildebrand in the rookie standings by 6 points going into the final race. Hildebrand's season was highlighted by a nearly winning the Indianapolis 500. His 2nd-place finish at Indy earned him top rookie honors for the race.

This season marked the end of several drivers' IndyCar careers. After 11-seasons, this season would mark the end of two-time series runner up Davey Hamilton's career. Hamilton would later partner with Sam Schmidt to form Schmidt Hamilton Motorsports a team that would last for two seasons, before changing to Schmidt Peterson Motorsports from 2014 onwards. Vítor Meira was another who made 2011 his final season. In his career, Meira set the record for the most podiums without a win, with 15. Paul Tracy would make an attempt to find a car for 2012, but was unsuccessful in doing so, making 2011 his final season in IndyCar also. Bertrand Baguette would shift his focus to sports cars for 2012, racing in the World Endurance Championship. Raphael Matos would only race until the Indy 500 and for 2012 he would switch to Stock Car Brasil. Danica Patrick would head to NASCAR for 2011 leaving an open seat at Andretti Autosport. Two-Time race winner Tomas Scheckter would make his final starts of his career across several teams in 2011. Scheckter currently resides in the United Kingdom. Buddy Rice would be yet another to make 2011 his final season. Rice collected three wins in his IndyCar career. Finally 2005 Series Champion Dan Wheldon. Wheldon would sign a contract to race for Andretti Autosport for 2012 driving the number 27 car, replacing Danica Patrick. Unfortunately, Wheldon would be tragically killed in a horrific accident at Las Vegas Motor Speedway that would also injure three other drivers, bringing an end to his 10-season career.

This would be the final season for Versus broadcasting Indycar. Versus would be rebranded into NBC Sports for 2012, a name that has continued to this day (2022). ESPN would continue to also broadcast certain races as well.

As of 2023, Dario Franchitti remains the last-ever IndyCar Series driver to have won back-to-back driver's titles to date.

Series news
The 95th Indianapolis 500 marked the third race of the three-year-long Centennial era, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the opening of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and the 100th anniversary of the first Indianapolis 500-mile race.
 On January 11, the series made several announcements with regards to the upcoming season:
The governing body adopted the doing business as name of INDYCAR (all capital letters).  The legal entity remains Indy Racing League, LLC, and is specifically mentioned in the INDYCAR Rule Book.
The "restart zone" on ovals were moved from turn 3 to just before the start/finish line.
Restart procedures would mimic those of NASCAR, including double-file restarts, separate pitting for lead lap and non-lead lap cars, and the waving around of lapped cars that did not pit. The "free pass" rule would not be implemented.
Pit stall selection for each race would be determined by the qualifying order of the previous round at the track of the same type (e.g., road course or oval). Exceptions to this will be the season opener at St. Petersburg, which would be set by final entrants' points from 2010, and the Indy 500, which carries its own pit selection process.
On March 6, the series announced that the maximum field size for every IndyCar event this season would be limited to 26 cars, except for the Indianapolis 500 (which remains at the traditional 33) and the Las Vegas finale (34 cars).
 Firestone has signed an extension to remain as the series' sole tire supplier through 2013.

2011 IndyCar Series schedule
 The 2011 schedule contained the following 18 races. Unless a flag is displayed, the race was held in the United States.

 Oval/Speedway
 Road/Street course

 The São Paulo Indy 300 was started on Sunday, May 1, and was completed on Monday, May 2 following torrential rain.
 The Indy Japan 300 was moved from the oval to the road course at Twin Ring Motegi following damage to the oval caused by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

Schedule development

Existing contracts
The São Paulo Indy 300 has a contract through 2019.
The Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg will continue through 2013. City officials look to extend the contract through 2014.
Iowa Speedway has been finalized a two-year extension through 2011.
Infineon Raceway signed an extension through the 2011 season.
An agreement has been signed with the city of Long Beach to extend the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach to 2015 with an option through 2020.
Barber Motorsports Park signed a three-year deal through 2012.
Mid-Ohio has a contract through 2011.
The Octane Racing Group, who promotes the Formula 1 Grand Prix of Canada and the NASCAR Nationwide race at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, will take over as promoters of the Honda Edmonton Indy, having agreed a three-year extension. The race was announced as "canceled" on November 3, 2010, due to an impasse in negotiations between the race promoters and the city of Edmonton. However, negotiations to revive the race restarted the next week. On November 26, 2010, the Edmonton, Alberta city council voted to restore the Honda Edmonton Indy using extra funding from private sources and new parking revenue. INDYCAR officially announced the race's return to the schedule on January 11, 2011.

New or returning races
 The Grand Prix of Baltimore made its debut on September 2–4, 2011.  The event took place on a 2.4-mile street course around the Inner Harbor and Oriole Park at Camden Yards. The contract runs through the 2015 season.
 A race at New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon, New Hampshire returned on August 14, 2011, as an official announcement took place prior to the June 27, 2010 Lenox Industrial Tools 301 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race at the facility. The track last held an IndyCar event in 1998 and has since been sold to Speedway Motorsports, which has IndyCar races at Texas, Kentucky, and Infineon. The original date was set for July 31, but was moved following the 2011 NASCAR schedule realignment.
The Milwaukee Mile returned to the schedule in 2011.
The season finale was held at Las Vegas Motor Speedway. The IZOD IndyCar World Championship would offer a cash prize of $5 million to any driver who wins the race from another racing discipline and/or is not an IndyCar Series regular.

Discontinued races
 Chicagoland, Watkins Glen, Homestead, and Kansas—all tracks owned by ISC—would no longer host races this year.

Confirmed entries
 This chart reflects confirmed participants only. All drivers competed in identical Honda HI11R V8-powered, Firestone Firehawk-shod and Dallara IR-05 chassis.   reflects an IZOD IndyCar Series rookie.

Team and driver movements
Chip Ganassi Racing: Dario Franchitti and Scott Dixon returned to the team for 2011. Graham Rahal and Charlie Kimball joined the group as part of a satellite team ran out of the raceshop of Don Prudhomme.
Team Penske: Shell and Pennzoil would join the team as an associate sponsor, motor oil partner and supplier for all three cars in 2011, replacing Mobil 1 and will sponsor the #3 car. Hélio Castroneves was signed to a multi-year contract that covers the 2011 season, and Will Power re-signed with Team Penske in September 2010. Roger Penske confirmed on November 12 that Ryan Briscoe would also be returning to the team. Izod was announced as being the primary sponsor on Ryan Briscoe's car and an associate sponsor on the other two cars.
Andretti Autosport: Tony Kanaan was signed to a multi-year deal with Andretti Autosport before the 2009 season, and his contract is supposed to run through to 2012. On the October 3 it was confirmed that sponsor 7-Eleven would not return in 2011, rendering Kanaan a free agent. Marco Andretti was in the second year of a four-year contract with the team in 2011 along with his sponsor Venom Energy. It was announced on October 29 that Ryan Hunter-Reay would return to Andretti Autosport through to the 2012 season. DHL has signed a multi-year deal to sponsor Hunter-Reay's #28 car. Mike Conway was announced on February 2 as the team's 4th full-season driver. The team has confirmed John Andretti in the #43 for the Indy 500.
Sam Schmidt Motorsports: Driver Alex Tagliani was in the second year of a four-year contract with the team. The team would also run cars for Townsend Bell and Jay Howard at the Indy 500, and for Wade Cunningham in three events. The team was committed to running a second full-time car in 2011, according to manager Rob Edwards. On March 1, 2011, it was announced that Sam Schmidt Motorsports had purchased the assets of FAZZT. Some FAZZT personnel would be retained for the 2011 season and Alex Tagliani will continue to contest all seventeen races.
Bryan Herta Autosport: The team confirmed Dan Wheldon for the Indy 500. Bryan Herta Autosport and Wheldon would carry out testing of the 2012 Dallara chassis in August and September 2011.
Dragon Racing: Tony Kanaan was announced as the new driver of the #2 car during a December 20 press conference in Brazil, however failure to secure sufficient sponsorship meant that Kanaan was unable to secure the drive. The team officially announced that they were shutting down on February 24, 2011; however following a restructuring, Jay Penske announced that Dragon Racing would continue with Paul Tracy for a limited schedule, as well as an Indy 500 entry. On May 3, 2011, the team confirmed Ho-Pin Tung would be the driver of the #8 Dragon-Schmidt Racing entry.
SH Racing: On July 28, 2010, VPX Sports announced a partnership with newly formed SH Racing, run by James Sullivan and T.J. Humphreys, for an entry into the 2011 Indianapolis 500 with the driver yet to be named. The team would be partnering with KV Racing Technology. On March 29. 2011 the team announced, South African veteran Tomas Scheckter will drive the #07 entry at the Indy 500.
Panther Racing: 2010 team driver Dan Wheldon confirmed in a Kentucky post-race interview that his contract expired after the 2010 season and he was unlikely to return to the team in 2011. 2009 Indy Lights champion J. R. Hildebrand signed a multi-year deal to drive the #4 National Guard car for the team. The team would field former Indy 500 winner Buddy Rice in a second car at Indy.
KV Racing Technology–Lotus: On September 28, 2010, it was announced that Lotus would provide sponsorship to two KV Racing Technology entries in 2011. On February 4, 2011, KV Racing confirmed that Takuma Sato and E. J. Viso would compete for the team for the 2011 IndyCar Series season. On March 21, 2011, it was reported that Tony Kanaan would join the team in a 3rd full-time entry.
Dreyer & Reinbold Racing: On November 11, Justin Wilson announced he would continue racing with the team in 2011. On March 3, 2011, the team announced Ana Beatriz would be joining Wilson full-time as the pilot of the #24 entry. The team also confirmed Paul Tracy for the Indy 500, prior to his signing to drive part-time for Dragon Racing.
Sarah Fisher Racing: SFR has signed Ed Carpenter for the 2011 season, who would compete in nine events. In addition, team owner Sarah Fisher has announced her retirement from driving to focus solely on team ownership.
HVM Racing: Team owner Keith Wiggins has secured sponsorship to return with Simona de Silvestro for the 2011 season. The team announced a three-year deal with Entergy Nuclear to sponsor an entry.
A. J. Foyt Enterprises: Driver Vítor Meira recently signed a two-year contract with the team through the 2012 season. The team would also field a car in the Indy 500 for Bruno Junqueira.
Dale Coyne Racing: The team announced two new drivers for the season: rookie Englishman James Jakes, who would run the full season; and Sébastien Bourdais, who would run at all road and street courses only owing to his Le Mans Series commitments. The team would still be fielding a second car at Indianapolis. On May 5, 2011, it was confirmed that Alex Lloyd would compete on all the oval races, as Bourdais won't.
Conquest Racing: On March 14, 2011, the team confirmed that Sebastián Saavedra would race for the team full-time during the 2011 season. On April 19, 2011, Conquest signed Indy Lights race-winner Pippa Mann to pilot the team's second car at Indianapolis.
Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing: Entrepreneur Mike Lanigan joined the ownership of the team on December 17, 2010, and the team was renamed Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing. The team would run the Indy 500 in 2011 with Bertrand Baguette.
AFS Racing:  On January 13, 2011, AFS Racing announced that Neil Micklewright would be joining the team as General Manager and Vice President of Operations. On March 12, 2011, the team announced that they would run an entry at St. Petersburg, and on March 17, announced that series veteran Raphael Matos will drive.
Newman/Haas Racing After the open test at Barber and months of speculation, Spaniard Oriol Servià revealed that he would race for the eight-time championship-winning team. Canadian James Hinchcliffe, runner-up in the 2010 Indy Lights championship standings to Jean-Karl Vernay was confirmed for the team's second car on April 5, 2011, for all remaining races.

Race summaries

Round 1: Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg
Sunday March 27, 2011 – 1:00 p.m. EDT
Streets of St. Petersburg – St. Petersburg, Florida; Temporary street circuit,
Distance: 100 laps /
Race weather: , partly cloudy
Television: ABC (Marty Reid, Scott Goodyear, Vince Welch, Jamie Little, Rick DeBruhl)
Nielsen ratings: 1.2 rating, 1.840 million viewers (1.4 overnight)
Attendance: TBA
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 1:01.9625 sec,
Most laps led: #10 Dario Franchitti, 94
Summary: The first race featuring the new double-file restarts takes a toll on the field as drivers adjust. On the first lap, a big collision involving several cars saw Marco Andretti flip over in turn 1, a crash he blamed on Hélio Castroneves. Several other drivers experienced contact on restarts, thinning the field. Dario Franchitti stayed in front for most of the race and won the season opener. Simona de Silvestro garnered the most attention of the later stages of the race, as she hotly challenged Tony Kanaan. Kanaan, who had landed his ride with KV Racing just days earlier, held her off over the final few laps for a surprising third-place finish.
Race Report: 2011 Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg

Round 2: Indy Grand Prix of Alabama presented by Legacy
Sunday April 10, 2011 – 2:45 p.m. CDT (3:45 p.m. EDT)
Barber Motorsports Park – Birmingham, Alabama; Permanent road course,
Distance: 90 laps /
Race weather: , clear skies
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Jon Beekhuis, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Lindy Thackston, Marty Snider, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.3
Attendance: 48,326 (race day), 79,811 (weekend)
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 1:11.4546 sec,
Most laps led: #12 Will Power, 90
Summary: Will Power led wire-to-wire to take the victory. Twice Ryan Briscoe was involved in contact, first with Dario Franchitti, and later with Ryan Hunter-Reay. Following the race, second-place finisher Scott Dixon complained about Power "crowding" him on the restarts, but no penalty was assessed.
Race Report: 2011 Indy Grand Prix of Alabama

Round 3: Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach
Sunday April 17, 2011 – 1:30 p.m. PDT (4:30 p.m. EDT)
Streets of Long Beach – Long Beach, California; Temporary street circuit,
Distance: 85 laps /
Race weather: , partly cloudy
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Jon Beekhuis, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Lindy Thackston, Marty Snider, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.28
Attendance: 70,000 (estimated raceday), 175,000+ (estimated weekend)
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 1:09.0649 sec,
Most laps led: #6 Ryan Briscoe, 35
Summary: With less than 20 laps to go, Mike Conway charged into third place on a restart. He quickly powered past Dario Franchitti and Will Power to take the lead. Conway pulled out to a six-second advantage, and led the final 14 laps en route to his first Indy car victory. For the second time this season, Hélio Castroneves was blamed for a collision, this time taking himself and teammate Will Power out of contention late in the race.
Race Report: 2011 Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach

Round 4: Itaipava São Paulo Indy 300 presented by Nestle
Sunday May 1, 2011 – 1:20 p.m. BRT (12:20 p.m. EDT) & Monday May 2, 2011 – 9:05 a.m. BRT (8:05 a.m. EDT)
Streets of São Paulo – São Paulo, Brazil; Temporary street circuit,
Distance: 75 laps / ; reduced to 55 laps /  due to rain and two-hour time limit.
Race weather: , scattered showers (Sunday); , scattered clouds (Monday)
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Jon Beekhuis, Wally Dallenbach Jr.,  Robin Miller(May 1), Davey Hamilton(May 2), Kevin Lee
Nielsen ratings: 0.51 (Sunday), 0.21 (Monday)
Attendance: 41,000 (Sunday)
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 1:21.8958 sec,
Most laps led: #12 Will Power, 32
Summary:
Race Report: 2011 São Paulo Indy 300
Summary: Rain forced a postponement of the race after 15 laps. On Monday morning, the race resumed. Leader Will Power pitted for fuel on lap 36, giving the lead to Takuma Sato. With rain soaking the course, Sato's team hoped to stretch out their fuel window in hopes of a caution, and the possibility of leading the race when the time limit expired. Sato was forced to pit on lap 48, and Power retook the lead. The race ended after 55 laps with Power the victor.

Round 5: 95th Indianapolis 500
Sunday May 29, 2011 – 12:15 p.m. EDT
Indianapolis Motor Speedway – Speedway, Indiana; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 200 laps /
Race weather: , cloudy
Television: ABC (Marty Reid, Scott Goodyear, Eddie Cheever, Brent Musburger, Vince Welch, Jamie Little, Rick DeBruhl, Jerry Punch)
Nielsen ratings: 4.0, 6.71 million viewers (4.3 overnight)
Attendance: 300,000
Pole position winner: #77 Alex Tagliani, 2:38.2613 sec,  (4-lap)
Most laps led: #9 Scott Dixon, 73
Summary: Ganassi teammates Scott Dixon and Dario Franchitti led 124 laps, but the race came down to the final few laps as several drivers pitted for fuel. Rookie J. R. Hildebrand took the lead with three laps to go, and led at the white flag. Coming out of the final turn on the final lap, Hildebrand hit the outside wall, and Dan Wheldon drove by to take the victory, which would turn out to be his last.
Race Report: 2011 Indianapolis 500

Round 6: Firestone Twin 275s
Saturday June 11, 2011 – 7:45 p.m. CDT (8:45 p.m. EDT)
Texas Motor Speedway – Fort Worth, Texas; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 2 races of 114 laps /
Race weather: , clear skies (Race 1); , clear skies (Race 2)
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Jon Beekhuis, Dan Wheldon, Lindy Thackston, Robbie Floyd, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.55 rating, (0.38 overnight)
Attendance: 73,000 (announced crowd)
Pole position winner: #77 Alex Tagliani, 48.6834 sec,  (Race 1, 2-lap qualifying); #82 Tony Kanaan (Race 2, draw)
Most laps led: #10 Dario Franchitti, 110 (Race 1); #12 Will Power, 68 (Race 2)
Race Report: 2011 Firestone Twin 275s
Summary: The popular "twin race" format from the 1970s and early 1980s returned to Indy car racing at Texas. Dario Franchitti dominated the first race, which saw only one caution. Wade Cunningham and Charlie Kimball crashed on lap 92, with Cunningham crashing Dan Wheldon's Indy 500 winning car from two weeks prior. At halftime, the drivers chose their starting positions for race #2 by a blind draw on a stage on the frontstretch. Tony Kanaan was the lucky driver who picked position number 1. Will Power picked starting position #3, but the winner of the first race, Franchitti, was mired back in 28th starting position. Controversy followed the race, as many in the paddock believed the blind draw was an unfair method to select the starting positions (many thought they should have simply inverted the field). The second race went without a caution, and Power went on to win. Franchitti was not a factor, but charged all the way to 7th at the finish.

Round 7: Milwaukee 225
Sunday June 19, 2011 – 3:00 p.m. CDT (4:00 p.m. EDT)
Milwaukee Mile – West Allis, Wisconsin; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 225 laps /
Race weather: , scattered clouds
Television: ABC (Marty Reid, Scott Goodyear, Vince Welch, Jamie Little, Rick DeBruhl)
Nielsen ratings: 0.8
Attendance: 15,000
Pole position winner: #10 Dario Franchitti, 42.7766 sec,  (2-lap)
Most laps led: #10 Dario Franchitti, 161
Race Report: 2011 Milwaukee 225
Summary: Tony Kanaan led 33 laps in the second half, but crashed into the turn 4 wall with only 30 laps to go. Leader Hélio Castroneves was forced to the pits on lap 199 to change a flat tire, giving the lead, and the win, to Dario Franchitti.

Round 8: Iowa Corn Indy 250
Saturday June 25, 2011 – 8:00 p.m. CDT (9:00 p.m. EDT)
Iowa Speedway – Newton, Iowa; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 250 laps /
Race weather: , overcast
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Jon Beekhuis, Dan Wheldon, Lindy Thackston, Robbie Floyd, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.35 (overnight)
Attendance: 35,118
Pole position winner: #5 Takuma Sato, 35.6857 sec,  (2-lap)
Most laps led: #10 Dario Franchitti, 172
Race Report: 2011 Iowa Corn Indy 250
Summary: Marco Andretti charged from 17th starting position to second by lap 152. Andretti passed Dario Franchitti to take the lead on lap 157. After a pit stop, Andretti dueled with Tony Kanaan for the lead over the final 50–60 laps, with Andretti taking the lead for good on lap 232.

Round 9: Honda Indy Toronto
Sunday July 10, 2011 – 2:50 p.m. EDT
Streets of Toronto – Toronto, Ontario; Temporary street circuit,
Distance: 85 laps /
Race weather: , overcast
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Dan Wheldon, Lindy Thackston, Robbie Floyd, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.50 rating, (0.41 overnight)
Attendance: 20,000–25,000 (media estimated raceday)
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 59.5771 sec,
Most laps led: #12 Will Power, 32
Race Report: 2011 Honda Indy Toronto
Summary: At least 18 cars were involved in scuffles and contact throughout the race, with six dropping out. On lap 56, Dario Franchitti clipped wheels with leader Will Power in the hairpin, causing Power to spin out. Franchitti slipped by to take the lead, and held on to win. Power was visibly upset because it was reported that race-control penalized Franchitti for it and reversed the penalty. However competition director Al Unser Jr. said he did not penalize Franchitti at all because it was a racing incident.

Round 10: Edmonton Indy
Sunday July 24, 2011 – 12:50 p.m. MDT (2:50 p.m. EDT)
Edmonton City Centre Airport – Edmonton, Alberta; Temporary airport course,
Distance: 80 laps /
Race weather: , clear skies
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Robbie Floyd, Lindy Thackston, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.6
Attendance:
Pole position winner: #5 Takuma Sato, 1:18.5165 sec,
Most laps led: #12 Will Power, 57
Race Report: 2011 Edmonton Indy
Summary: The race took place on a new layout for 2011. On the first lap, Alex Tagliani made contact with Graham Rahal as the field negotiated the tight turn 5, which took out four cars. Later in the race, Ryan Hunter-Reay tangled with polesitter Takuma Sato, also in turn 5. Will Power took the lead on lap 20, and Penske managed a 1-2 finish.

Round 11: Honda Indy 200
Sunday August 7, 2011 – 2:50 p.m. EDT
Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course – Lexington, Ohio; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 85 laps /
Race weather: , partly cloudy
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Marty Snider, Lindy Thackston, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.2
Attendance:
Pole position winner: #9 Scott Dixon, 1:08.0776 sec,
Most laps led: #9 Scott Dixon, 50
Race Report: 2011 Honda Indy 200
Summary: Scott Dixon edged teammate Dario Franchitti down the backstretch on a restart on lap 61, and held on to win at Mid-Ohio for the third time in five seasons. Will Power dropped to 14th after getting caught out under a full-course caution during a sequence of pit stops.

Round 12: MoveThatBlock.com Indy 225
Sunday August 14, 2011 – 3:30 p.m. EDT
New Hampshire Motor Speedway – Loudon, New Hampshire; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 225 laps / ; reduced to 215 laps /  due to rain
Race weather: , cloudy
Television: ABC (Marty Reid, Scott Goodyear, Gary Gerould, Jamie Little, Rick DeBruhl)
Nielsen ratings: 0.9 (overnight)
Attendance: 30,000
Pole position winner: #10 Dario Franchitti, 43.1976 sec,  (2-lap)
Most laps led: #10 Dario Franchitti, 115
Race Report: 2011 MoveThatBlock.com Indy 225
Summary:
Indy car racing returned to New Hampshire after a 13-year sabbatical. Dario Franchitti dominated the first half, but on a restart on lap 118, he touched wheels with Takuma Sato and crashed into the inside wall. On lap 206, the caution came out for rain, with Ryan Hunter-Reay leading. Despite the drivers pleading to their crews that the track was too wet to continue, officials decided to bring the green flag out with 7 laps to go. As the field accelerated, Danica Patrick spun on the frontstretch due to the wet conditions, which led to a controversial five-car pileup, involving championship contender Will Power among others. During the restart attempt, Oriol Servià passed Hunter-Reay as the restart began but before the caution was signaled, leading to controversy when the decision was made to abort the restart, a move common in USAC when a false start occurs, which typically means the cars return to their starting order for another start attempt. Officials accepted blame for the decision and red flagged the race. Scoring was reverted to the standings prior to the restart attempt.

Within 30 minutes of the end of the race, Newman/Haas Racing and Chip Ganassi Racing filed protests regarding the finish of the race because of Servià's pass of Hunter-Reay on the aborted restart. The results of the race were not made official, and as a result of the protest, the finish was under review. Indy Racing League, LLC announced on August 16 that a hearing was scheduled for the week of August 22 on both protests filed, and the hearing would also include Andretti Autosport, as the results of the hearing may have resulted in the finishing order being changed. The hearing took place on August 23, with the finishing positions being upheld.

Round 13: Indy Grand Prix of Sonoma
Sunday August 28, 2011 – 1:50 p.m. PDT (4:50 p.m. EDT)
Infineon Raceway – Sonoma, California; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 75 laps /
Race weather: , clear skies
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Marty Snider, Lindy Thackston, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.3
Attendance:
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 1:18.6017 sec,
Most laps led: #12 Will Power, 71
Race Report: 2011 Indy Grand Prix of Sonoma
Summary: Will Power led 71 of 75 laps, as Team Penske swept 1st-2nd-3rd on the podium. It was the first 1-2-3 finish in an Indycar race for Penske since Nazareth in 1994. Power closed to within 26 points of championship leader Dario Franchitti. Power also closed within 7 points of Franchitti for the Mario Andretti Road Course Trophy. Simon Pagenaud substituted for Simona de Silvestro after she had complications renewing her visa, and U.S. Customs would not allow her into the country.

Round 14: Baltimore Grand Prix
Sunday September 4, 2011 – 2:45 p.m. EDT
Streets of Baltimore – Baltimore, Maryland; Temporary street circuit,
Distance: 75 laps /
Race weather: , scattered clouds
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Marty Snider, Lindy Thackston, Kevin Lee, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.6
Attendance: 75,000 (estimated raceday), 150,000+ (estimated weekend)
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 1:20.2447 sec,
Most laps led: #12 Will Power, 70
Race Report: 2011 Baltimore Grand Prix
Summary: The inaugural IndyCar race in Baltimore saw a large crowd, and a challenging course, with many deeming the race a popular success. Will Power led 70 of 75 laps en route to a dominating victory, closing the points lead to only 5 points with three races remaining. During practice, Tony Kanaan lost his brakes, touched wheels with Hélio Castroneves' car, and jumped over his car into the tire barrier. Kanaan was unhurt, but was forced to start the race from the rear in a back-up car, which he drove to a 3rd-place finish. On lap 38, Ryan Briscoe clipped Ryan Hunter-Reay's car in the hairpin, creating a chain reaction pileup that involved or blocked as many as 18 cars.

Round 15: Indy Japan: The Final
Sunday September 18, 2011 – 1:00 p.m. JST (12:00 a.m. EDT)
Twin Ring Motegi – Motegi, Tochigi; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 63 laps /
Race weather: , scattered clouds
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Kevin Lee)
Nielsen ratings: 0.50
Attendance:
Pole position winner: #9 Scott Dixon, 1:38.3918 sec,
Most laps led: #9 Scott Dixon, 62
Race Report: 2011 Indy Japan: The Final
Summary: Scott Dixon led 62 of 63 laps, dominating the final Indycar race at Twin Ring Motegi. Following the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan, the race was moved to the 2.98 mile road course due to damage to the oval. On lap 26, points leader Dario Franchitti tangled with Ryan Briscoe, causing a spin that also collected Graham Rahal. Franchitti was penalized for the move, and sent to the rear of the field. He worked his way back up to an 8th-place finish. Will Power's second-place finish allowed him to clinch the 2011 Mario Andretti Road Course Trophy, and took the lead (+5 points) in the overall points standing with two races left.

Round 16: Kentucky Indy 300
Sunday October 2, 2011 – 2:45 p.m. EDT
Kentucky Speedway – Sparta, Kentucky; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 200 laps /
Race weather: , partly cloudy
Television: Versus (Bob Jenkins, Wally Dallenbach Jr., Jon Beekhuis, Marty Snider, Kevin Lee, Lindy Thackston, Robin Miller)
Nielsen ratings: 0.43
Attendance:
Pole position winner: #12 Will Power, 48.5948 sec,  (2-lap)
Most laps led: #10 Dario Franchitti, 143
Race Report: 2011 Kentucky Indy 300
Race Summary: Ed Carpenter battled Dario Franchitti side by side over the final 20 laps, and held off Franchitti to earn his first-career IndyCar Series victory. Polesitter Will Power entered the race with the championship lead – 11 points over Franchitti – and led the first 48 laps. However, during a pit stop on lap 49, Ana Beatriz made contact with his car as she was exiting her pit stall, ripping a gash in Power's sidepod. Power came home in 19th, and second-place Franchitti took over the points lead going into the final race of the season.

Round 17: IZOD IndyCar World Championship
Sunday October 16, 2011 – 12:45 p.m. PDT (3:45 p.m. EDT)
Las Vegas Motor Speedway – Clark County, Nevada; Permanent racing facility,
Distance: 200 laps /
Race weather: , partly cloudy
Television: ABC (Marty Reid, Scott Goodyear, Eddie Cheever, Vince Welch, Jamie Little, Rick DeBruhl)
Nielsen ratings: 1.6
Attendance: 50,000 (Sunday – two races), 75,000 (total; includes Smith's 350 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race on Saturday).
Pole position winner: #82 Tony Kanaan, 50.0582 sec,  (2-lap)
Most laps led: Tony Kanaan (race abandoned)
Race Report: 2011 IZOD IndyCar World Championship
Summary: The race was marred by a 15-car pileup on the 11th lap and four drivers – Dan Wheldon, Will Power, J. R. Hildebrand and Pippa Mann – were taken to the hospital while the race was red-flagged. The race was abandoned two hours later with the announcement that Wheldon had died from his injuries, and the remaining drivers completed a five-lap salute to honor Wheldon's memory. Power was later released from the hospital, while Mann and Hildebrand were kept under observation, but were later released. Mann suffered a burn to her hand and Hildebrand suffered a bruised sternum. IndyCar does not use the FIA Code on race stoppages (which states a race is official once a race is on the fourth lap) and uses the customary 50% plus one lap rule (101 laps in this case). The race results were stricken from the record book, and the statistics did not count. Franchitti was declared the series champion, although he would have won the championship anyway had the race continued since Power suffered injuries in the crash.

Results

Points standings

 Ties in points broken by number of wins, followed by number of 2nds, 3rds, etc., and then by number of pole positions, followed by number of times qualified 2nd, etc.

Driver standings

 One point is awarded to any driver who leads at least one lap during a race. Two additional points are awarded to the driver who leads the most laps in a race.
 At Texas, the event is split into two half-distance races on the same day. Each one awards half points.
 Bonus points are awarded for qualifying performance:
 At all tracks except Indianapolis, the driver who qualifies on pole earns one point.
 At Indianapolis, drivers who advance to Q2 earn bonus points. Drivers who qualify tenth through twenty-fourth earn four qualifying points, and the remaining qualifying drivers earn three points.
 At Texas, the grid for the second race is set by a draw, and no bonus point is awarded for the pole position.

Notes
 After qualifying for the Indianapolis 500 had concluded, Bruno Junqueira was replaced by Ryan Hunter-Reay, who did not qualify for the 500. Junqueira received full qualifying points for a 19th place qualification.
 At the Las Vegas Indy 300, Dan Wheldon died from injuries sustained in a 15-car crash on lap 11. The race was abandoned, the results were stricken from the record book, and the statistics did not count.
 Simona de Silvestro was awarded with 5 points at Iowa as a 'non starter', but her withdrawal on medical grounds before the start of practice meant that she did not compete in any of the official sessions.

Entrant standings

 Based on the entrant, used for oval qualifications order, and starting grids when qualifying is cancelled
 Only full-time entrants, and at-large part-time entrants shown.

See also
 2011 Indianapolis 500

Footnotes

References

External links
 Versus IndyCar Schedule

IndyCar Series seasons
IndyCar

IndyCar Series


The 2009 Tippeligaen was the 65th completed season of top division football in Norway. The competition began on 15 March and end on 1 November. Stabæk were the defending champions. Odd Grenland, Sandefjord and Start entered as the three promoted teams from the 2008 1. divisjon. They replaced HamKam who were relegated to the 2009 1. divisjon.

Overview

League expansion
This was the first top division seasons where 16 teams were competing on the highest level of Norwegian football since the 1961–62 Hovedserien season. Due to the league expanding from 14 to 16 teams, three teams were promoted from the 1. divisjon at the end of the 2008 season. Those teams were champions Odd Grenland, runners-up Sandefjord and third-placed Start. The last spot was taken by Aalesund after winning a two-legged play-off match against Sogndal.

Summary
Stabæk was the defending champions, having won their first ever League Championship in 2008. On 27 September, Rosenborg secured the title with four rounds left to go. They won their 21st top-flight title.

Teams

Stadiums and locations

Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.

Personnel and kits

Managerial changes

League table

Results

Relegation play-offs

At the end of the season, the two last teams relegated directly to 1. divisjon, and were replaced by the winner and runner-up of the 1. divisjon who were directly promoted.

Four teams entered a play-off for the last Tippeligaen spot in the 2010 season. These were:
 A) Fredrikstad (14th placed team in the Tippeligaen)
 B) Kongsvinger (Third placed team in the 1. divisjon)
 C) Sogndal (Fourth placed team in the 1. divisjon)
 D) Sarpsborg 08 (Fifth placed team in the 1. divisjon)

Season statistics

Top scorers

Source: AltOmFotball.no

Discipline

Player
Most yellow cards: 7
 Marciano (Sandefjord)
 Ebrima Sohna (Sandefjord)
 Kasey Wehrman (Fredrikstad/Lyn)
Most red cards: 2
 Demar Phillips (Aalesund)

Club
Most yellow cards: 54
Strømsgodset

Most red cards: 3
Lyn
Sandefjord
Start
Tromsø

Attendance

Last updated: End of 2009 seasonSource: altomfotball.no

Other

References

Eliteserien seasons
1
Norway
Norway


Technoetics is a neologism introduced by Roy Ascott, who coined the term from techne and noetic theory, to refer to the emergent field of technology and consciousness research.

Definitions
The Technoetic relates to that which concerns the technology of consciousness. Such technology may be telematic, digital, genetic, vegetal, moist, or linguistic. The emergence of Technoetics can be juxtaposed with a number of other innovative interdisciplinary areas of scholarship which have surfaced in recent years including: technoscience, technoethics, viractuality, and technocriticism.
Technoetics is a convergent field of practice that seeks to explore consciousness and connectivity through digital, telematic, chemical or spiritual means; embracing both interactive and psychoactive technologies and the creative use of moist-media. -Roy Ascott, Technoetic Art Intellect Books 2003

History of technoetics
Technoetics is a syncretic research area linked to the transdisciplinary methodology between art and science. This is rooted in the research of Roy Ascott and his Planetary Collegium; including its CAiiA-Hub, Trento-Node (Italy), Lucerne-Node (Switzerland), and DeTao-Node (Shanghai, China) research communities.

The term appeared for the first time in 1997 in the Ascott paper: "The Technoetic Aesthetic: Art and the Matter of Consciousness". In: R. Ascott (ed) Consciousness Reframed: art and consciousness in the post-biological era: 1st International CAiiA Research Conference Proceedings published by University of Wales College, Newport. Since 2014, the field and research area of Technoetics is being taught in the Shanghai Institute of Visual Art. The Technoetic arts undergraduate course was created by Roy Ascott and is provided by the Roy Ascott Technoetic Arts Studio and the Detao Masters Academy at the Shanghai Institute of Visual Art.

Footnotes

References
Ascott, R. (2003). Quando an onça se deita com a ovelha:  a arte  com mídias úmidas e a cultura pós-biológica. In: DOMINGUES, D. (ed). Arte e vida no século XXI. São Paulo: Editora  UNESP. pp. 273–284
Ascott, R. (2003). Telematic Embrace: visionary theories of art, technology and consciousness. (Edward A. Shanken, ed.) Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 6, 376, 378, 380-381
Monico, F. (2008). La Variazione Technoetica in "Le variazioni Grandi" Quaderno di Comunicazione 8. Roma: Meltemi.

Technology neologisms


Timothy James Kask (born January 14, 1949) is an American editor and writer in the role-playing game industry. Kask became interested in board games in his childhood, and later turned to miniatures wargames. While attending university after a stint in the US Navy, he was part of a group that playtested an early version of the new role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) for game co-designer Gary Gygax. Gygax hired him as the first employee of TSR, Inc. in 1975.  After editing some of TSR's early D&D publications, Kask became editor of The Strategic Review, which later became The Dragon, and then Dragon Magazine.

Kask left TSR in 1980 to publish a new magazine, Adventure Gaming, but when that failed, he left the games industry in 1983 and spent some time as a freelance editor and speechwriter before becoming a teacher. In 2010 he returned to the games industry as one of the co-founders of Eldritch Enterprises.

Early life
Tim Kask was born and raised in Moline, Illinois.  At age 11, he became interested in Avalon Hill's board wargame D-Day, and played it frequently for three years. During a four-year stint with the US Navy (1967–1971) during the Vietnam war, he often played 1914, another Avalon Hill game. He married his wife Cheryl in 1970, and they have a daughter, and a son.

After leaving the navy, Kask attended Southern Illinois University’s campus in Carbondale, Illinois. While there, he was introduced to miniature wargaming, including Chainmail. Kask phoned Chainmail author Gary Gygax with some questions about the game. This developed into a series of long late-night phone conversations about miniatures rules that eventually resulted in Gygax's invitation to Kask to come to the Gen Con gaming convention in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin. There Kask finally met Gygax in person for the first time. At the time, Gygax was co-developing the rules for a new type of game that he called "The Fantasy Game". Kask sat in on the two sample sessions that Gygax offered, thereby becoming one of the first people outside of Gygax's family and friends to play what would become Dungeons & Dragons.

In the games industry
In 1975, a year after the original rules to Dungeons & Dragons were published by Tactical Studies Rules (soon to become TSR, Inc.), Gygax hired Kask as an editor, the first full-time employee of the new company. Kask's first assignment was editing, developing, and contributing to the Blackmoor rules supplement. Kask became editor of The Strategic Review, starting with Issue #5. Kask authorized Jennell Jaquays through a casual license to publish The Dungeoneer as a fanzine to provide adventures for other Games Masters. In 1976 Kask edited the final three supplementary rules booklets for the original D&D rules: Eldritch Wizardry, Gods, Demi-gods & Heroes, and Swords & Spells. Kask's focus within TSR then changed, as he oversaw the formation of TSR Periodicals. He split The Strategic Review into two new periodicals: The Dragon, devoted to D&D; and Little Wars, devoted to historical board gaming and miniatures play. Kask was the editor of the first 33 issues of The Dragon (soon renamed Dragon Magazine). Kask developed and edited TSR's historical board game, William the Conqueror, 1066,  and was responsible for starting the Days of the Dragon line of calendars. During the development of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons and Basic Dungeons & Dragons in the late 1970s, Kask helped Gygax delineate the differences between the two game systems.

Kask was responsible for hiring a number of people at TSR who subsequently went on to become influential creators in the role-playing game industry, including Kim Mohan.

Kask resigned from TSR in 1980. He stayed in the games industry for a few years, re-developing Naval War for Avalon Hill in late 1981. He also started up Manzakk Publishing in order to become the publisher and editor of a new games magazine, Adventure Gaming. Kask was able to sell advertising space, and on paper he should have made money. But due to the ongoing recession of the early 1980s, many of his advertisers were in financial trouble, and he had difficulty collecting any of his ad revenue. Kask was forced to cease publication after only 13 issues, admitting that "I lost my shirt" in what he called "a crushing defeat."

After TSR
Following the failure of Adventures Games in 1983, Kask left the games industry to do freelance editing, ghost-writing, and speech-writing. He went back to school in 2002, and after earning a master's degree in Education from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio, he became a teacher.

In 2006 Kask was a celebrity auctioneer, with Frank Mentzer, at Gen Con Indy. He joined Mentzer as a special guest at the Lake Geneva Gaming Convention in 2007 and 2008. Kask and Mentzer frequently returned to the role of auctioneer at Gen Con Indy until 2017, which was ultimately the final year for each in that capacity.

Jim Ward, a fellow TSR employee in the early days of the company, who had become managing editor of The Crusader magazine, persuaded Kask to write a monthly column for his magazine.

At the KC Game Fair in November 2010, Kask announced his return to the games industry as one of the founders (with Mentzer, Jim Ward and Chris Clark) of Eldritch Enterprises, which would publish a variety of general works as well as new creations for role-playing games.

In 2012, Kask became a contributing editor for Gygax Magazine. This quarterly journal, published by Ernie and Luke Gygax, sons of the late Gary Gygax, was dedicated to "old school" Dungeons & Dragons. Six issues were published from 2013 to 2016, but the Gygax brothers ceased publication when Gary's widow, Gail Gygax, initiated a trademark dispute over the magazine's name.

References

External links

Eldritch Enterprises

1949 births
Dungeons & Dragons game designers
Living people
Southern Illinois University alumni
United States Navy sailors


Nnenna Okore (born 1975 in Canberra, Australia) is an Australian-born Nigerian artist who lives and works in Chicago at North Park University, Chicago. Her largely abstract sculptural forms are inspired by richly textured forms and colors within the natural environment. Okore's work frequently uses flotsam or discarded objects to create intricate sculptures and installations through repetitive and labor-intensive processes. She learnt some of her intricate methods, including weaving, sewing, rolling, twisting and dyeing, by watching local Nigerians perform daily domestic tasks. In her more recent works, Okore uses plant-based materials (in particular, food scraps and food waste) to create large bioplastic art forms and installations. Her work has been shown in galleries and museums within and outside of the United States. She has won several international awards, including a Fulbright Scholar Award in 2012. and the Australian Creative Victoria Award in 2021.

Okore is currently a Professor of Art at North Park University in Chicago, where she runs the sculpture program. As an environmental artist, researcher, and teacher, Okore uses her eco-centered art practice to engender learning, artistic experience, and ecological awareness through art.

Background

Okore was born in Canberra, Australia to parents from Ututu, Abia State in Nigeria. After moving from Australia to Nigeria at the age of four, Okore spent most of her childhood in the university town of Nsukka in southeastern Nigeria, where both parents worked as academics at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Okore was raised a Christian and though not exposed to traditional Igbo practices early in life, she later reconnected with the cultural elements from her Igbo heritage. Okore's art was subsequently influenced by visual characteristics of the Nsukka environs, such as dilapidated mud adobe houses with zinc roofing, piles of firewood accumulated against a broken structure, traditional clothing, concrete blocks, market wares, and rugged terrains. Growing up in a tropical environment where decay and rebirth were integral to the way of life, she also had a strong fascination for lifeless materials in nature, including rocks, tree bark, detritus, and skeletal forms. She was especially enamored by the red-colored Nsukka soil that characteristically left traces of red dust on most things.

Living on the university campus, Okore was closely connected to the rural Nsukka neighborhoods that bordered the school vicinity. She drew lots of creative inspirations and material sensibilities from their cultural and social landscapes. These cultural experiences have contributed to how she addresses subjects spanning environmental issues to the embodied connectivity to material things, people and natural forces in her works.

Education
Okore attended the University of Nigeria Nuskka Primary School, the University of Nigeria Nsukka Secondary School, and the Waterford Kamhlaba United World College in Swaziland for high school. Her enthusiasm for art grew during her primary school years, when she started knitting, sewing, and crocheting. In her secondary school years, she drew and painted many still-life compositions. During that time, Okore won multiple art awards, including the UNESCO African Child Art Prize in 1993. She credits her artistic growth to her family, whom she notes were incredibly supportive, and enabling of her desire to pursue art.

By the time she graduated from high school in Swaziland, Okore was proficient in printmaking, pottery, modeling, and acrylic painting. A few years later, she won the UNIFEM Women's Empowerment Art Prize (1994) which earned her several roundtrips to local and international destinations in Nigeria, Senegal, and China to represent African youth at women's conferences. She was also selected as Nigerian female youth ambassador for the Fourth World Conferences on Women in Beijing, China (1995), which platformed many international female celebrities and leaders from across the globe.

In 1995, Okore enrolled in the Fine and Applied Arts undergraduate program at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Her first mediums were oil and acrylic paint. Though she was drawn to color in her work, she sought to distinguish herself from other students by using unorthodox materials found in natural surroundings. By her third year, Okore began experimenting with some unusual materials on canvas, such as leaves, jute fiber, cloth, sticks, shredded photographs, broomsticks, recycled paper, and leather, among others. This enabled her to create unique surface textures that were characterized by buildups with soil, rope, fabric and other found objects. By her final year as an undergraduate student, her focus had widened to include a discourse on the transformative power of material things. Few teachers from the Nsukka school that influenced Okore during her time there, included  Chijioke Onuora, Chike Aniakor, and El Anatsui. Okore was also heavily influenced by Arte Povera whose experiential style appeals strongly to her visual narrative. Okore received a bachelor's degree in fine and applied arts from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka in 1999, with first-class honors. Two years later, Okore relocated to the United States for a masters of fine arts program at the University of Iowa, which she completed in 2005. Okore also has an interdisciplinary Fine Arts PhD degree, which she received in 2023 from Monash University.

Professional accomplishments
 After graduating from the University of Iowa, Okore was recruited by North Park University in 2005 to teach and oversee its sculptural program. She is presently a Professor of Art and instructs students in Three-dimensional Designs, Sculptural Practices, Video Art, and Drawing, among other subjects. Okore also maintains a robust studio practice while also being a mother of three. To balance her career and personal life, she devotes, at least, two days of the week to her studio practice. According to her, "It all boils down to being extremely disciplined and ensuring that one attends equally to both the personal and professional life".

Okore has participated in over 120 solo and group shows combined, across local and international venues in Asia, Europe, North America, Africa, and the far east. She has been featured in publications, such as Sculpture Magazine, The New York Times, Financial Times, Art South Africa, Ceramics: Art and Perception, and The Guardian, among others. In 2012, Okore received a Fulbright Scholar Award, which enabled her to travel to Nigeria for a year-long teaching project at the University of Lagos. During her one-year stint, she produced a new body of eco-based artworks and introduced students to environmental art concepts that focused on nature-centered processes, materials, and sites. She returned to the United States after completing her project in 2013.

Okore is also a recipient of the 2021 Australian Creative Victoria Creators Fund Award. Her works have been featured in important exhibitions at the Museum of Art and Design, The Frances Young Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery, Museum of Contemporary African Diasporic Art, Spelman College Museum of Fine Art, Museu Afro Brasil, Memphis Brooks Museum of Art, Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art, Musée des Civilizations Noires, and Cleveland Museum of Art. Okore's towering installation titled, 'And the World Keeps Turning' was on view at the 2021 Brugge Triënnale, Belgium. She has also featured in the Stoa 169 Columned Hall exhibition in Polling, Germany, the 'Invincible Hands' at the Yemi Shyllon Museum of Art, Lagos, and 2021 Chengdu Biennale in Chengdu, China.

Materials

 Okore's early years in the United States presented her with environmental and cultural differences. While adopting new materials inspired by her surroundings, she incorporated similar objects to those she used in Nigeria, like sticks, leaves, or jute materials. Okore's material choice is also heavily influenced by the philosophy of creating innovative artistic forms by repurposing everyday material. This style of making was adopted, in part out of necessity, due to the high cost of Western-produced art materials. Rather than being stifled by the ephemerality of materials like discarded newspapers or wax, Okore turned her focus to their sculptural potentialities instead.

Okore tends to feature organic, fibrous, malleable, and ethereal qualities of materials in her works. Her works, for instance, capture the visual characteristics of transient, root-like, or dense forms. Paper, in particular, offers a range of possibilities to Okore's process. By following the non-traditional route, she creates rich, bodily handmade paper textures by pulping and layering together materials including found paper, jute fiber, dye, coffee, and lint.  She also incorporates the symbolic narrative that newspapers embody. Burlap wich Okore uses for its transient and delicate features, is also featured in her fiber art works.

Work and concept
 Themes of aging, death, and decay are recurrent in Okore's work and highlight the vulnerability and fragility of Earth. Okore uses a "flora" (flower) motif or symbols repeatedly throughout her work to capture themes of death and fragility, as well as the essence of rebirth. She captures the diverse and tactile aspects of the physical world through weathered, dilapidated and lifeless forms. Through manually repetitive processes, Okore's works reveal the complex and distinct properties of fabric, trees, topography, and architecture. Her works are also inspired by traditional women's crafts in Africa such as textiles. Okore engages in a slow, arduous process of weaving, dyeing, winding, and teasing materials like burlap, wire, and paper, sometimes sourced from West Africa, to create dramatic textile installations. As a child, Okore saw local workers make crafts out of materials they transformed, which inspired her to have similar practices in her work. She upcycles and transforms materials in a way that changes the way people view them, encouraging her audience to value discarded things as beautiful.

More recently, Okore's environmental practice has expanded to include the creation of bioplastic artworks made from food waste, such as mushrooms, onion, orange, and banana peels. In her research with bioplastics, she positions the bioplastic material not only as an object for aestheticizing waste issues in the world, but as a concept for engaging in eco-art learning, teaching, and artmaking. Additionally, her works draw attention to different creative and ideological practices, such as new materialist and African animist theories, and a call-and-response methodology that provoke generative thinking about materialist practices with waste. Okore seeks to catalyze interconnections between human and nonhuman subjects in ways that go beyond simply extending her material practice with waste to calling attention to sustainable living.

Being an Igbo woman, Okore also draws on elements of Igbo culture and history, specifically the lasting effects of colonialism. Okore regularly takes trips home to Nigeria, as a way of staying connected to her Nigerian memories of the environment and culture that inspires much of her work.

Gallery representation
 October Gallery, London, United States.
 Jenkins Johnson Gallery, San Francisco, United States.
 David Krut Gallery, New York City, United States.
 Kuaba Gallery, Indianapolis, United States.

Select collections
 Krannert Art Museum, University of Urbana Champaign, USA.
 Jorge M. Pérez Collection, Miami, USA.
 EbonyLife Place, Victoria Island, Nigeria.
 Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, California, USA.
 North Park University, Chicago, USA.
 World Bank, Washington DC, USA.
 Brooklyn Academy of Music, NY, USA.
 United States Embassy, Abuja, Nigeria.
 Eko Hotel and Suites, Lagos, Nigeria.
 Halls Winery, Napa, CA, USA.
 The Newark Museum of Art, New Jersey, USA.
 Jean Paul Blachère Fondation, France.
 Royal Collections, Abu Dhabi, UEA.
 Art House Contemporary Limited, Nigeria.
 Channel 4, London, UK.
 Renaissance Capital, Moscow, Russia.
 Daraja Art Foundation, London, UK.

References

Sources
 Artist Profile from Nnenna Okore's website
 Robert Preece, "Political By Nature": 2500-word interview with Nnenna Okore, Sculpture Magazine, July/August 2013.
 Faustina Anyanwu, "Finding inspiration in the most simple things…", C.Hub Magazine, Issue 2, Vol. 1, 2012/13.
 Chris Spring, African Textiles Today, Smithsonian Book/British Museum Press, 2012.
 Nnenna Okore: 'Transfiguration', by Holland Cutter, New York Times, 9 November 2012.
 Jackie Wullschlarger, "We Face Forward...", Financial Times, 12 August 2012.
 Tajudeen Sowole, "Step Aside, Ferguson, African Art takes over Manchester", The Nigerian Guardian, 15 June 2012.
 Kate McCrickard, "Waste Management/Things Torn Apart", Art South Africa, Volume 9.4, June 2011.
 "With Metamorphoses, Okore returns to the UK", The Nigerian Guardian, 19 April 2011.
 A. M. Weaver, "Fragility, Elegance and Decay", Ceramics: Art and Perception, Issue 83, March 2011.
 McPhillip Nwachukwu, "Nigerian Art Market....,says Nnenna Okore", Vanguard, 25 November 2010.
 Jessica Hemmings, "Material Meaning", Wasafiri, Issue 63, 2010.
 Elizabeth Upper, "Into the Art of Africa", Above Magazine, Winter 2009/2010.
 Okwui Enwezor and Chika Okeke-Agulu, Contemporary African Art Since 1980, 2009.
 Chika Okeke-Agulu, "New Order", Arise Magazine, Issue 6, October 2009.
 Jessica Kronika, "Nnenna Okore's art .... recycled material installation", The Examiner, 11 August 2009.
 Mike Giuliano, "Visual Arts: Five artists 'paper' the arts center", Howard County Times, 30 July 2009.
 Albert Stabler, "Tom Torluemke and others at the Cultural Center", Proximity Magazine, 26 July 2009.
 Uzor Maxim Uzoatu, "Wakeful Souls", Next Newspaper, 10 July 2009.
 Vanessa Offiong, "From Rags to Riches with Art", Weekly Trust, June 2009.
 Victor Ehikhamenor, "The goddess of small things ...", Next Newspaper, 19 June 2009.
 Okechukwu Uwaezuoke, "Imitations of Nature", This Day, 20 June 2009.
 Chuka Nnabuife, "'Of Earth...' Nnenna Okore stages home show", Nigerian Compass, 16 June 2009.
 Jessica Hemmings, "Nnenna Okore: Ulukububa at October Gallery, London", Surface Design Journal, July edition, 2009.
 Emmanuel Anyifite, "Contemporary Art Auction in Lagos", Next Newspaper, 9 April 2009.
 Julian Roup, "Groundbreaking African Artists In Spotlight At First British Auction Of Contemporary African Art At Bonhams", Bonhams Headlines, March 2009.
 Simon de Burton, "Art of Africa", The Financial Times, 28 March 2009.
 Katy Donoghue, "Artist to Watch: Nnenna Okore", Whitewall Magazine, Spring Issue, 2009.
 Molara Wood, "Studio Visit with Nnenna Okore: Art from Discarded and Found Things", Next Newspaper, 8 February 2009.
 Bunmi Akpata-Ohohe, "Ulukububa: Infinite Flow", Africa Today, 3 December 2008.
 Polly Savage, "Introduction: Ulukububa-Infinite Flow", Exhibition Catalogue, London, 16 October – 6 December 2008.
 Roberta Smith, "Using Old Materials to Put a New Face on the Museum", New York Times, 26 September 2008.
 Barbara Murray, "Mind Openers-Women Artist in Africa", Farafina Magazine, No. 8, January 2007.

External links
 R. J. Preece, "Nnenna Okore interview: Political by Nature (2013)", Art Design Café
 Town and Gown, August 2012
 "Nnenna Okore at the Contemporary African Art Gallery New York City", Art and Culture Maven, 23 October 2012
 "The Artist of our Time: Nnenna Okore", C-Hub Magazine
 "Artist Nnenna Okore in her studio", Happening in Africa,  22 April 2012
 Semmi W., "Taking Shape: Nnenna Okore at BAM's 2014 DanceAfrica Festival", Art-In-Fact, 19 May 2014
 "Nnenna Okore: Metamorphoses", A-n
 Nnenna Okore on "Mbembe", Tang Museum
 Holland Cotter, "Nnenna Okore: 'Transfiguration'", New York Times, 8 November 2012
 Nnenna Okore page at October Gallery
 Africa Today
 Second Lives: Remixing the Ordinary
 Exhibition at Oriel Mostyn Gallery in Wales
 Channel 4 Art Collection
 "Nnenna Okore", Contemporary African Art Gallery

Living people
University of Iowa alumni
1975 births
University of Nigeria alumni
Nigerian women sculptors
20th-century Nigerian artists
Academic staff of the University of Lagos
Australian people of Nigerian descent
Nigerian women academics
Waterford Kamhlaba alumni
People educated at a United World College
21st-century women artists
Igbo people
Igbo educators
Environmental artists


Joseph or Joe James may refer to:

 Joe James (footballer) (1910–1993), English football centre half for Brentford
 Joe James (racing driver) (1925–1952), American racecar driver
 Joe James (American football) (1934–2015), American gridiron football coach in Texas
 Joe James (soccer) (born 1961), retired English-born American soccer defender
 Joe Nathan James Jr. (1972–2022), American convicted murderer executed in Alabama
 Joe James, African-American man hanged in Illinois following the Springfield race riot of 1908
 Joe James, British vocalist of the rock band Blitz Kids
 Joe James, American jazz pianist, member of the Kid Thomas Band and the Preservation Hall Jazz Band
 Joseph Caulfield James (1860–1925), English teacher and principal tutor to Prince Vajiravudh of Siam
 Joseph Stephen James (1849–1931), American lawyer, community leader, singer and composer
 Joseph James and Joseph James Jr., Kansa-Osage-French interpreters on the Kansas and Indian Territory frontier

People with related names
 Bob Armstrong (Joseph Melton James, 1939–2020), American professional wrestler
 Scott Armstrong (wrestler) (Joseph Scott James, born 1959), American professional wrestler and son of Bob Armstrong
 Jo James, British vocalist who has performed with electronic dance music duo Flip & Fill
 Joey James (Joseph James Thomas, born 1987), member of the British boy bank Rough Copy
 Joy James, American political philosopher, academic, and author

See also

James Joseph (disambiguation)


Nanjing Medical University (NMU; ) is a university in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. It was established in 1934 in Zhenjiang, but subsequently relocated to Nanjing in 1957. The university has two main campuses: Wutai and Jiangning, both of which have international student apartments.

In 2020, 4icu ranked it 1082 in the world and 108 in China. It started an English taught Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) program from 2005, as approved by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE).

History
National Jiangsu Medical College was founded in 1934 and was renamed Nanjing Medical College in 1957 when it moved to Nanjing. It was among the first medical universities in China to offer six-year programs in 1962. In 1981 it was approved to offer master's and doctoral degree programs. It was renamed Nanjing Medical University in 1993 and is now among the top Chinese medical universities.

Location

As of 2020, Nanjing Medical University has two campuses. The main campus is Wutai with a land area of 8 hectares, and the New Campus is Jiangning (comprising 87 hectares), which is almost 11 times bigger than the Wutai campus. Wutai is the center of Clinical Teaching and research.

Programs
The school offers bachelor's, master's, and Ph.D degree and post-doctoral research programs. Its facilities consists of an independent school, Kangda College, and 16 secondary schools. Most of the schools are for the study of medicine, public health, or other medical care fields including: the School of Basic Medical Sciences, First School of Clinical Medicine, Second School of Clinical Medicine, Third School of Clinical Medicine, Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Gulou School of Clinical Medicine, School of Public Health, School of Stomatology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Nursing, and School of Medical Policy and Management. Other schools are the College of International Studies, School of Continuing Education, School of Higher Vocational and Technical Education, and School of International Education. NMU has 24 affiliated hospitals and around 50 teaching hospitals. These hospitals are spread in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong provinces.

NMU has more than 1,400 registered faculty members, including 117 full professors and 175 associate professors. There are 812 supervisors of the master's program and 185 supervisors of the doctoral programs. The University states that it has "one academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one Chang Jiang Scholar Distinguished Visiting Professor, two recruited global experts from the National “Thousand Talent” Program, six winners of the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists, one winner of the National Award for Distinguished Teachers, five winners of the funds from New Century Excellent Talent Support Program of the Ministry of Education, nine Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professors, three “State-Level Teaching Teams”, and one “Innovation Team” from the Ministry of Education."

It has an international exchange and cooperation program in which sends instructors overseas for studies and works with scientific research institutions and medical schools in the Britain, United States of America, Australia, Germany, Japan and France. By 2014, there were more than 500 foreign students. NMU is a partner organization with the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research at the World Health Organization.

References

Further reading
 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions; 9 January 2012. . Nanjing Medical University: The MIF-173G/C polymorphism and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a Chinese population. PT52.
 Advances in Biological Therapy Research and Application: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions; 9 January 2012. .
 Advances in Physiology Research and Application: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions; 9 January 2012. . Nanjing Medical University: Brain mitochondrial dysfunction in ovariectomized mice injected with D-galactose.
 Advances in Physiology Research and Application: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions; 9 January 2012. . Nanjing Medical University: Exposure to fenvalerate causes brain impairment during zebrafish development.
 Chinese Medical Association and Nanjing Medical University, Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders, second edition, revised (CCMD-2-R) (Nanjing: Dong Nan University Press, 1995) (in Chinese).
 Chinese Psychiatric Assoc. and Nanjing Medical University Teaching Hospital. The Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders. Nanjing, 1995.
 Peter B. Gahan. Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum held on 9-11 November 2009 in Hong Kong.. Springer; 8 October 2010. . Plasma DNA Methylation Analysis in Predicting Short-Term Recurrence of Surgical Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). pp. 47–55.
 Issues in Gastroenterology and Hepatology: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions; 9 January 2012. .
 Gastric Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition. ScholarlyEditions; 22 July 2013. .
 "Nanjing Medical University reports research in anesthesiology." Pain & Central Nervous System Week. NewsRX. 2008.
 "Nanjing Medical University reports research in kidney transplants." Blood Weekly. NewsRX. 2009.
 Pancreatic Hormones: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition: ScholarlyBrief. ScholarlyEditions; 9 January 2012. .
 "Research from Nanjing Medical University provide new insights into secondary hyperparathyroidism." Biotech Week. NewsRX. 2009. HighBeam Research.
 "Scientists at Nanjing Medical University detail research in hemoglobinuria." Health & Medicine Week. NewsRX. 2008.
 Tina Hesman Saey, "Monkeys Born with Edited Genes: DNA-Snipping Technique Shows Therapeutic Promise," Science News, March 8, 2014. p. 7.

External links
Official Website in English
Official Website in Chinese

Universities in China with English-medium medical schools
Universities and colleges in Nanjing


Burden of a Day was an American post-hardcore band from Sarasota, Florida, formed in January 2000. The band was signed to Rise Records and were influenced by bands such as Thrice, The Bled, All That Remains. They played their final show in Sarasota on March 6, 2010. Burden of a Day started as a worship band in church, until they were moved to reach out to people with their music.

Most of the members of Burden of a Day are still together, working on their new, untitled album. These members include Morgan, Terry and Kyle. The upcoming album will be released under a new band name and with a fresh style of music. This band is called Colours and currently have three songs released on YouTube: "The Illusionist", "The Machine", and "The Passenger".

History
The band formed in 2000 and signed to independent label Blood & Ink Records in 2005 for their debut full-length, which followed in 2006. They toured extensively before signing to Rise Records for their 2008 release, Blessed Be Our Ever After.

The group has been compared by critics to Underoath, As I Lay Dying and A Skylit Drive.

The group's 2009 release Oneonethousand reached No. 25 on the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart and No. 21 on the Heatseekers chart.

Members
Final lineup
Kyle Tamosaitis – lead vocals (2008–2010)
Josh Sommers – guitars, backing vocals (2004–2010)
Mike Sommers – guitars, backing vocals (2007–2010)
Morgan Alley – drums (2008–2010)
Terry Clark – bass guitar, backing vocals (2004–2010)

Former members
Chris Scott – drums (2008)
Kendall Knepp – lead vocals (2004–2008)
Jesse Hostetler – drums (2004–2008)
Bryan Honhart – guitar (2000–2007) – Last original member.

Timeline

Discography
Pilots & Paper Planes (2006)
Blessed Be Our Ever After (2008)
Oneonethousand (2009)

Music videos
"Remember" (2010)

References

External links
Official MySpace
Official Purevolume

Musical groups from Florida
American post-hardcore musical groups
Christian alternative metal groups
Rise Records artists
American Christian metal musical groups
Musical groups established in 2000
Musical groups disestablished in 2010
Metalcore musical groups from Florida


Dr. Ernst Ziehm (1 May 1867 – 7 July 1962) was a Danzig-based German politician from the conservative German National People's Party and President of the Senate of the Free City of Danzig from 1931 to 1933. Born in Damerau, West Prussia, Ziehm studied jurisprudence and judicial Intern in Strasbourg and Marienweder from 1905 to 1914. Then he became judicial official in Oppeln. In 1914, he became an administrator in Danzig. From 1931 to 1933 he served as President of the Senate of the Free City of Danzig (Head of State). After 1933, he was replaced by Hermann Rauschning, as Nazis seized control over the city-state's government. Ziehm died in Lübeck in 1962.

Life
After graduating from high school in 1887, Ziehm began studying law and political science at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen. He joined the Corps Suevia Tübingen student corps in October 1888, but left on the 27th of November, 1889. Inactivated in Easter 1890, he moved to the University of Leipzig. In the same year he joined the Corps Misnia Leipzig, another student corps, there. Until his death, he was the oldest living member of the corps. As an inactive student, he finally went to Friedrich Wilhelm University. After his first state examination in West Prussia, he became a trainee in Strasburg in West Prussia and Marienwerder. In 1892 he received his Doctorate of Law in Leipzig.

After his assessor's examination in 1896, he went abroad on leave in 1897. In 1898, he went to the Provincial Administration West Prussia in Danzig. Starting in 1899, he became a magistrate in Strasburg (Uckermark), he was transferred in 1900 to the Higher Regional Court of Marienwerder. From 1905 to 1914, he was a government councillor in the government of Opole in Upper Silesia. In 1914 he was appointed administrative Court Director in Danzig. Until 1920, he was also Deputy Prime Minister. After giving up his judicial office, he joined the Danzig DNVP in 1920 and participated in the Volkstag, and until 1925, he was the Deputy Senate President (Head of Government). From 1922 to 1930 he also served as President of the Higher Administrative Court of Danzig. He was instrumental in the preparation of the Constitution guaranteed by the League of Nations for the Free City of Danzig.

When the Senate President Heinrich Sahm could no longer form a new coalition, Ziehm took over his position in 1931. The Ziehm Senate, a coalition cabinet split between the German Center Party and the DNVP, was tolerated in the Volkstag by the NSDAP. In the summer after the victory of the NSDAP in parliamentary elections in March 1933, Ziehm was forced to resign. He was replaced by Hermann Rauschning. Ziehm retired from politics.

Ziem married Olga, née Hardt, whom he had one son, named Günther (* 1902) and one daughter, named Wiltrud (* 1910). He died in 1962 in Lübeck.

Works
 Danzig, ein Problem der europäischen Politik. Danzig 1932.
 Aus meiner politischen Arbeit in Danzig 1914–1939 (Autobiografie). J. G. Herder-Institut, Marburg 1956, 1960.

References

1867 births
1962 deaths
People from Bydgoszcz County
Politicians from the Province of Prussia
German National People's Party politicians
Free City of Danzig politicians
Local politicians in Germany
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany


Martín de Andújar Cantos (born 1602 in the Province of Albacete) was a Spanish sculptor and architect. He spent much of his life in Tenerife and is considered one of the island's most noted sculptors. Trained by Juan Martínez Montañés, he himself was a teacher of Blas García Ravelo.

References

1602 births
Year of death missing
People from the Province of Albacete
17th-century Spanish sculptors
Spanish male sculptors
Sculptors from Castilla–La Mancha
Spanish architects


Josef "Josl" Gstrein (31 December 1917 in Obergurgl – 11 September 1980) was an Austrian cross-country and Nordic combined skier who competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics.

In 1948 he was a member of the Austrian relay team which finished fourth in the 4x10 km relay competition. He also participated in the 50 km competition and finished twelfth and in the 18 km event where he finished 36th. In the Nordic combined event he finished 16th.

External links
Josl Gstrein's profile at Sports Reference.com
Josl Gstrein's obituary

1917 births
1980 deaths
Austrian male Nordic combined skiers
Austrian male cross-country skiers
Olympic Nordic combined skiers for Austria
Olympic cross-country skiers for Austria
Nordic combined skiers at the 1948 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiers at the 1948 Winter Olympics
People from Imst District
Skiers from Tyrol (state)


Blas García Ravelo   was a Spanish sculptor of the 17th century from Tenerife. A pupil of Martín de Andújar Cantos, he is considered one of the island's most noted sculptors.

References

Spanish sculptors
Spanish male sculptors
People from Tenerife


Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Morning Star, after the poetic name for Venus:

  was a 14-gun ketch captured from the Dutch in 1672 and given away in 1674.
  was a cutter purchased in 1763 and sold in 1773. She then underwent a large repair and became a slave ship, first under her existing name and then as Fanny. She was last listed in 1778.
  was a 16-gun sloop, formerly the American privateer Congress that HMS  captured in 1781; the Navy sold her in 1782.
  was an M-class destroyer launched in 1915 and sold in 1921.

Note: Colledge & Warlow list an HMS Morning Star and describe her a 22-gun sloop of 350 tons burthen launched in 1799 at the Bombay Dockyard for the Indian [Navy]. However, there was no Indian Navy at the time, only the Bombay Marine, the naval arm of the British East India Company. More critically, the most complete list of ships built at the Bombay Dockyard shows no such vessel. It does show a Mornington, of 22 guns and 438 tons burthen being launched in 1799. She was later sold at auction.

Citations

References

Royal Navy ship names


Josef Deutschmann (6 December 1920 – 7 April 1997) was an Austrian cross-country skier who competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics. He was born in Bruck an der Mur. In 1948 he was a member of the Austrian relay team which finished fourth in the 4x10 km relay competition. In the 18 km event he finished 46th. He died in Kapfenberg in 1997.

External links
Josef Deutschmann's profile at Sports Reference.com

1920 births
1997 deaths
Austrian male cross-country skiers
Olympic cross-country skiers for Austria
Cross-country skiers at the 1948 Winter Olympics
People from Bruck an der Mur
Skiers from Styria


Engelbert Hundertpfund (22 February 1918 in Kematen in Tirol – 1 May 1999) was an Austrian cross-country skier who competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics.

In 1948 he was a member of the Austrian relay team which finished fourth in the 4x10 km relay competition. In the 18 km event he finished 39th.

External links
Engelbert Hundertpfund's profile at Sports Reference.com
Notice of Engelbert Hundertpfund's death

1918 births
1999 deaths
Austrian male cross-country skiers
Olympic cross-country skiers for Austria
Cross-country skiers at the 1948 Winter Olympics
People from Innsbruck-Land District
Skiers from Tyrol (state)
20th-century Austrian people