"Papa Nero" ("Black Pope") is a song by the Venetian reggae band Pitura Freska, with lyrics in the  Venetian language.

It was performed at the 1997 Sanremo Music Festival, and became very popular throughout Italy.  It is notable for being one of the very few songs (if not the only song) in Venetian that got significant media exposure outside the Veneto region.

The lyrics are inspired on a prediction by Nostradamus that the next-to-last Pope will come from Africa. They can be read as a light-hearted anti-racist and anti-xenophobic message.  Some famous verses were:

Notes

External links

1997 songs
Italian songs
Sanremo Music Festival songs


Heartland is a comic book one-shot published by the Vertigo imprint of DC Comics in March 1997. It was written by Garth Ennis and illustrated by Steve Dillon. It is a spin-off from the Hellblazer comic book series, and features the character of Kit Ryan, a longtime supporting character in that series. Although Heartland is technically a spin-off of Hellblazer, the central character of that series, John Constantine, makes no appearance.

Plot
Kit Ryan is a girl from Northern Ireland who was once romantically linked with the sorcerer and "occult detective" John Constantine. In the aftermath of her breakup with Constantine, and upon hearing that her father has died, Kit returns home to Belfast. It is soon revealed that her father had been an alcoholic who was both physically and mentally abusive, and whose passing has stirred up a host of family dramas into which Kit finds herself thrust once more. When the boyfriend of Kit's sister Bernadette makes an unsubtle pass at Kit, even more sibling rivalry and Eugene O'Neill-esque tensions come to the surface.

Although a Hellblazer spin-off, there is no hint of magic or the occult in Heartland. These minor but comparatively realistic family dramas are played out against the background of regular city life in 1990s Belfast.

Other version
Heartland was also the title of the story published in issue #70 of the Hellblazer comic, again written by Garth Ennis with art by Steve Dillon. Like the later one-shot, the story features Kit Ryan, returning home to Northern Ireland after her break-up with John Constantine. As such, it serves as something of a prequel to the later Heartland one-shot. The issue was published in collected form in the Tainted Love collection.

Collected editions
Heartland is collected along with issues 78 to 83 of Hellblazer as Rake at the Gates of Hell ().

Awards
Heartland was nominated for the 1997 Haxtur Award for "Best Short Comic Strip".

Notes

References

 Heartland at the Big Comic Book DataBase

1997 comics debuts
Fantasy comics
Hellblazer


"The truth will set you free" (Latin: Vēritās līberābit vōs (biblical) or Vēritās vōs līberābit (common), Greek: ἡ ἀλήθεια ἐλευθερώσει ὑμᾶς, trans. hē alḗtheia eleutherṓsei hūmâs) is a statement which derives from John 8:32 in which Jesus Christ addressed a group of Jews who believed he was the messiah.

Translations
The verse from the King James Version of the Bible: "And ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free" is carved in stone in the Original Headquarters Building (OHB) of the Central Intelligence Agency.

The phrase is used as the motto of many universities, colleges, and schools: Yonsei University, Caltech (semi-officially), Johns Hopkins University, Our Lady Seat of Wisdom College, Canterbury Christ Church University, Adelphi University, University of Portland, Idaho State University, Ottawa University, St. Augustine's University, Southern Methodist University, University of Tennessee, Lafayette College, St Thomas College, Thrissur, Mar Ivanios College, Andhra Christian College, Catholic University of Uruguay, Catholic University of Cordoba, University of San Martín de Porres, Doshisha University, Victoria University, and Darien High School.

The verse itself, "Ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free," is inscribed on the Main Building at the University of Texas at Austin and at Parks Library at Iowa State University. "The truth shall make you free" is also inscribed on "Old Vic," the Victoria College building at Victoria University in the University of Toronto.

Translated into German, Die Wahrheit wird euch frei machen ("The truth will make you free"), it is the motto of the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg.

Usage
The phrase is in the bible on the coat of arms of the Dominican Republic used since 1913.

The former president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro, commonly uses the phrase, which was his motto at the 2018 presidential election. After the Johnny Depp v. Amber Heard verdict on June 1, 2022, Bolsonaro tweeted the versicle.

The phrase in Latin is the official motto of Southern Methodist University.

The phrase in Greek is the official motto of Lenoir-Rhyne University.

References

Further reading

External links

Gospel of John
Johns Hopkins University
Latin mottos
Latin religious words and phrases
Latin words and phrases
Sayings of Jesus
Truth
Vulgate Latin words and phrases


Miss Machiko, also known as  is a manga series written by Takeshi Ebihara. It was serialized in Japan in Shōnen Challenge from May 1980 through February 1982. The individual chapters were collected and published in eight tankōbon volumes by Gakken.

The series was adapted into a 95 episode anime series by Studio Pierrot that aired in Japan on TV Tokyo from October 8, 1981 to October 6, 1983. It was also adapted into four live-action OVAs, and two full-length live-action films. The anime was licensed for online streaming by Discotek Media in 2016, which would later turn to full rights in 2020.

Plot
The series revolves around Miss Machiko Mai, a new middle school teacher who wears a revealing bubblegum skirt, and regularly finding herself in accidental sexual situations. Machiko is very popular with her students, especially the boys, who take delight in lifting up her skirts and devising traps to catch her in various stages of undress. Rather than get angry, Machiko responds by laughing it off and uttering her trademark phrase, "Maicchingu!" {meaning "How embarrassing"}. Mai is generally a very kind and patient woman who cares about her students and does her best to help them with their problems.

Characters
Mai Machiko

She is one of the main character of the series. She is a glamorous young teacher, who is a new homeroom teacher at Arama Academy. She is very kind-hearted and always helpful to her students, among whom she is very popular. The boys take delight in lifting up her skirts and devising traps to catch her in various stages of undress. She has been described as having 'the perfect proportions'. Machiko understands that the boys only play pranks on her because they like her, and laughs them off by saying "Maicchingu!" (meaning "How embarrassing".)

In the series, her skirt is often lifted up by the boys so they can see her underwear, and also take delight in peeking while she is bathing. There are many scenes in which her clothes are shown torn up, where her breasts and butt are clearly visible. In the show, her bras, panties, breasts, and butt are shown.

Kenta

Kenta is also one of the protagonists, usually the main one to lift up the skirts of Machiko and the other girls of the school. He is not very good at studying, but is good in sports like skateboarding and frisbee. He is one of the most popular and mischievous students at the school. He is described as 'a pervert', who takes delight in flipping the skirts of all the girls around the school and touching their breasts, much to the annoyance of his girl classmates.

Kame

Kame is the best friend of Kenta, who usually accompanies Kenta in his pranks. He is usually a shy and calm personality, but can get a little out-of-control sometimes. He is usually shown as various swirling glasses.

Kinzo

Kinzo is also one of the best friends of Kenta. He has a fat body and appears as part of the trio of Kenta, Kame, and himself. He likes wrestling and would like to become a pro wrestler some day.

Media

Manga
The manga was created by Takeshi Ebihara, and consists of 8 volumes that were published between 1980 and 1985 in Japan, and serialized in the Gakken magazine Shōnen Challenge. As with the anime television series, the manga series was known for its overt sexual humor. The individual chapters were collected and published in eight tankōbon volumes by Gakken.

Anime
Studio Pierrot, with assistance from Studio Gallop, adapted the manga into an anime television series which premiered in Japan on TV Tokyo on October 8, 1981, where it ran for 95 episodes until its conclusion on October 6, 1983. The episodes were written by Shiori Adachi and directed by the manga's author, Ebihara. Rihoko Yoshida provided the voice of Miss Machiko.

Cast (Japanese Dub)
Machiko Mai: Rihoko Yoshida
Kenta Ikegami: Masako Nozawa
Tamao Kameyama: Noriko Tsukase
Kinzo Yuki: Naoki Tatsuta
Kunio Yamagata: Shigeru Chiba
Principal: Hiroshi Ohtake
Vice-principal: Yoneko Matsukane
Mr. Fukuoka, Mr. Kagoshima: Kaneto Shiozawa
Mr. Fukuoka flew to another country in episode 52, then another character, Mr. Kagoshima, was introduced in episode 56
Mr. Aomori: Mahito Tsujimura
Madoka: Kumiko Takizawa
Tenko: Sanae Takagi
Hiromi: Shinobu Adachi, Chihoko Shigeta
Shigeta is understudy due to maternity leave of Adachi
Maruko: Mie Suzuki
Hiroshi: Tomiko Suzuki
Machiko's Uncle: Masaru Ikeda → Yasuo Muramatsu
Machiko's Aunt: Miyoko Aso

Live-action
Total Media Corporation adapted the series into seven full-length live-action films and King Records also produced a film version of the series. In the first two films, both released in 2003, Machiko is played by Kaori Nakata, and in the third, released in 2004, she is played by Haruka Nanami. These three films are directed by Minoru Kawasaki. The film released by King Records and the fourth in total, , was released in September 2005, with Sayaka Isoyama playing the titular character and Kosuke Suzuki as the director. The fifth full-length film, , was released theatrically in Japan on February 22, 2006. In this film, directed by Minoru Kawasaki, Hanako Nanjo plays Machiko. Yuuri Morishita stars in the sixth film as well as the seventh one, and both are directed by Tenkaku Naniwa. In 2009, a ninth film was released; this time with Hitomi Aizawa playing Machiko and Chū Ueda directing it.

Reception
The anime series placed in #97 on "Celebrity List" of TV Asahi's survey of Japan's 100 favorite animated television series.

References

External links
 Miss Machiko
 Maicching Machiko-sensei
 Takeshi Ebihara's Maicching Machiko-sensei Homepage
 Official TMC Maicching Machiko-sensei live-action website

1980 manga
1981 anime television series debuts
Comedy anime and manga
Japanese direct-to-video films
Japanese sex comedy films
Shōnen manga
TV Tokyo original programming
Pierrot (company)
Discotek Media
Japanese comedy films


Shannon River is a river located in the Great Southern region of Western Australia.

The river rises in the forests to the west of Lake Muir and flows in a southerly direction, crossing the South Western Highway just east of Shannon then continuing south through the Shannon National Park before entering the Broke Inlet. The only tributary of the river is Fish Creek.

The water quality of the river is excellent, fresh and low in sediments. Sandbanks bar the mouth of the river where in enters the inlet.

References

Rivers of the Great Southern region
Warren bioregion


Secret Sphere is an Italian symphonic power metal band from Alessandria, formed by guitarist Aldo Lonobile in July 1997.

History

Early Years (1997–2011)
Guitarist Aldo Lonobile formed Secret Sphere in July 1997. Early on, the band was influenced by hard rock, heavy metal, and classical music. After some lineup changes in December 1997, the band recorded their first demo, Between Story and Legend, in September 1998. The style of the demo was firmly in the symphonic power metal genre that was expanding in Italy at that time.

The demo caught the attention of the Italian progressive/power metal label Elevate Records, who signed the band to a two-album deal. In June 1999, Secret Sphere recorded the first full-length album, Mistress of the Shadowlight. The album continued in the stylistic direction shown on Between Story and Legend, and included re-recordings of a few songs from that demo.

In October 2001, the band returned to New Sin studios (where the first album had been recorded) to record their second full-length album, A Time Never Come, also released on Elevate Records.

Secret Sphere recorded two promo CDs in 2002 while in search of a new recording deal. They caught the attention of major German heavy metal label Nuclear Blast, who would go on to release the band's third album, Scent of Human Desire, in May 2003. Scent of Human Desire presented a change in direction for the band, focusing less on fantasy themes and more on romantic, sexual themes. After the release of Scent of Human Desire, drummer Luca Cartasegna left the band, citing difference in musical tastes.

The band's fourth album, Heart & Anger, was released in May 2005 on Nuclear Blast. Daniel Flores (Mind's Eye) was brought on as a session drummer for the recordings. After the album was released, a full replacement drummer was found in Federico Pennazzato. That same year, the band planned to back up the Danish progressive metal band Royal Hunt, however, the tour was cancelled two days before it was set to begin. A 2006 Scandinavian tour backing King Diamond was more successful for the band.

In 2008, Secret Sphere released their fifth album, Sweet Blood Theory, on Avalon in Japan and the German label Dockyard 1 Records in Europe. The album was based on the short story "The Vampyre", written by John William Polidori, as well as the atmospheres of Tim Burton's cinematographic work. Longtime members Antonio Agate (keyboards) and Paolo "Paco" Gianotti (guitars) departed the band after the release of the album; both had been with the band since the recording of their demo a decade before.

Dockyard 1 Records folded in 2009, but the band was picked up by the Italian heavy metal label Scarlet Records in time for their sixth full-length album, Archetype, released in September 2010. This was the first recording with new keyboardist Gabriele Ciaccia and new guitarist Marco Pastorino.

Vocalist change, Portrait of a Dying Heart, A Time Never Come re-recording, The Nature of Time (2012–2020)
In 2012, the band began recording for their seventh album. However, part way through recording, vocalist and founding member Roberto Ramon Messina left the band due to differences in musical direction. Michele Luppi, former vocalist of the Italian progressive power metal band Vision Divine, was recruited as Roberto's replacement, and the album, entitled Portrait of a Dying Heart, was released in November of that year on Scarlet Records. Drummer Fredderico Pennazzato left shortly after; Marco Lazzarini was chosen as his replacement.

Secret Sphere returned to the studio in 2015 to re-record their second album, A Time Never Come, in commemoration of the fifteenth anniversary of its release. A Time Never Come – 2015 edition was released by Scarlet Records in April 2015.

The band signed a multi-album deal with Frontiers Records in April 2016. Later that year, Frontiers released the band's first official live recording, One Night in Tokyo, as a 2CD + DVD set. Following the release of One Night in Tokyo, guitarist Marco Pastorino left the band. The band's eighth album, The Nature of Time, was released in June 2017, with Lonobile as the sole guitarist.

Messina returns, Lifeblood and Blackened Heartbeat (2020–)
Vocalist Michele Luppi, who joined the band in 2012, departed in 2020 in order to pursue his solo career. The remaining members of the band proceeded with the recording of a new album, Lifeblood, which was formally announced in January 2021 for a March 2021 release via Frontiers Records. Vocal duties on Lifeblood were handled by Roberto Ramon Messina, who returned to the band after an eight-year absence, uniting three members (Messina, Lonobile, and Buratto) who had performed on the bands' earliest albums. Lifeblood was widely praised by reviewers who noted the band's ability to combine the classic power metal sound of their early years with the melodic rock leanings of their later output.

Recording sessions for a new album commenced in July 2022. It was later announced that their tenth album, Blackened Heartbeat, would be released in November 2023.

Band members

Current members
 Aldo Lonobile − lead and rhythm guitars
 Andy Buratto − bass guitar
 Roberto Ramon Messina  − vocals
 Gabriele Ciaccia − keyboards
 Marco Lazzarini − drums

Past members
 Gianmaria Saggi − guitars
 Paolo "Paco" Giantotti − guitars
 Antonio Agate − keyboards
 Cristiano Scagliotti − drums
 Luca Cartasegna − drums
 Dave Simeone − drums
 Daniel Flores − drums
 Federico Pennazzato − drums
 Marco Pastorino − guitars, backing vocals
 Michele Luppi − vocals

Timeline

Discography

Demo
 Between Story and Legend (1998)

Studio
 Mistress of the Shadowlight (1999)
 A Time Never Come (2001)
 Scent of Human Desire (2003)
 Heart & Anger (2005)
 Sweet Blood Theory (2008)
 Archetype (2010)
 Portrait of a Dying Heart (2012)
 A Time Never Come – 2015 edition (2015)
 The Nature of Time (2017)
 Lifeblood (2021)
 Blackened Heartbeat (2023)

Live
 One Night in Tokyo (2016, CD+DVD)

Tributes
 How Many Tears on The Keepers of Jericho (2000, Tribute to Helloween)

References

External links
Official website

Italian power metal musical groups
Italian symphonic metal musical groups
Musical groups established in 1997
Nuclear Blast artists
Frontiers Records artists
Scarlet Records artists


Rishi Prakash Tyagi was a former Assistant Commissioner in Delhi Police. He was reported to be the first senior police officer in India to be given the death sentence for the custodial death of a person, although the punishment was later reduced after an appeal in a higher court.

In August 1987, when Tyagi was the station house officer (SHO) of Vivek Vihar police station in East Delhi, Mohinder Kumar and Ram Kumar were arrested on charges of eve teasing and subsequent assault on a police constable who had gone to arrest them. Both were reportedly tortured and a day later were found dumped in nearby fields. While Mohinder died in hospital, Ram Kumar survived and was a crucial witness during the trial.

The trial court, while sentencing Tyagi on 18 December 2006, said the charges of murder were proved and it was one of the 'rarest of rare cases' that merited death penalty.

The sentence was appealed in the Delhi High Court and in March 2008 Tyagi was convicted only for culpable homicide, as the intention to murder was not proved and his death sentence was commuted to eight years of 'rigorous imprisonment' with a fine of two lakhs rupees.

References

Delhi Police
Police officers convicted of murder
Prisoners sentenced to death by India
Indian police officers
Indian people convicted of murder
People convicted of murder by India
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Ladd Ehlinger Jr. (born August 21, 1968 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American filmmaker. He is the director and animator of the 2007 film Flatland as well as a creator of numerous political videos promoting a libertarian conservative viewpoint, some of which have become highly controversial and reached viral levels of publicity. On his website, he compares himself to Sam Peckinpah and Orson Welles. He also hosts a radio talk show in Huntsville, Alabama.

Flatland

In 2007, Ehlinger directed, animated and edited the film Flatland, which is based on Edwin Abbott Abbott's novella of the same name. The film takes place on a two-dimensional world inhabited by intelligent polygons, most of whom refuse to acknowledge the existence of a third dimension.  "The story follows its hero A Square, who inhabits a world that is completely flat and two-dimensional. A mysterious visitor from the third dimension arrives, bent on spreading the gossip about another dimension called height. A Square is taken out of Flatland and transported to the 3D universe. In so doing, the very fabric of space-time itself is placed at risks, potentially destroying all of creation."

"Flatland" was widely reviewed and received critical acclaim as an independent, innovative film.

Hive Mind
In 2010, Ehlinger released another full-length film, more overtly political than the last. This film, Hive Mind, centers on a conservative talk radio host who is the last "normal" human in a world otherwise inhabited entirely by zombies who are part of the "Hive Mind" of the title.

Political videos
Ehlinger has created numerous viral videos, including a video of a dancing Barney Frank between disco balls, an ad portraying Nancy Pelosi as the Wicked Witch of the West an ad promoting Dale Peterson's candidacy for agriculture commissioner in Alabama, and an anti-Janice Hahn ad portraying the congressional candidate with red eyes and as a stripper who gyrates while two black rappers grab dollar bills out of her panties and chant "Give us your cash, bitch".  The ad focused on Janice Hahn's promotion of a taxpayer-funded program in Los Angeles that hires convicted felons as "gang intervention specialists", many of whom have been subsequently indicted. This latter ad was described in the media as "the most racist and sexist political ad ever", and Democrats at the state and national level urged Republican candidate Craig Huey to disown the ad, which he eventually did. Ehlinger himself said in response to the criticism, “I didn't kill anyone. I didn't even enable anyone to kill anyone....The ad's funny. It makes me laugh. So if, for some reason, it's pulled by YouTube, a thousand will be launched in its place.” The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee made mention of the controversy surrounding the ad in one of its fundraising e-mails.

References

External links

 Official website

American filmmakers
American libertarians
Living people
1968 births


The Magic City Classic is an annual American football "classic" that features Alabama A&M University and Alabama State University, the two largest historically black universities in the state.  It is played at Legion Field in Birmingham (nicknamed the "Magic City"). The classic has become one of the highest attended Division I FCS (formerly Division I-AA) games in the nation and the largest event in Birmingham carrying a nearly $25 million economic impact. The stadium attendance averages over 60,000 annually.

The first game between the two schools was played in 1924.  It has been an uninterrupted, annual tradition since 1945 and has been played at Legion Field since 1940.

The classic is the largest HBCU event in the nation attracting nearly 200,000 participants. The Alabama A&M Bulldogs lead the series with a record of 44–41–3 all-time (as of 2023).

Other activities
Many festivities are held in conjunction with the game, including a pep rally, comedy show, scholarship breakfast, concert/festival, soirees, tailgating, block parties, alumni gatherings, 2-hour parade, and a popular "Battle of the Bands" between AAMU’s Marching Maroon and White Band and ASU's Mighty Marching Hornets.  Festivities begin the week of Saturday's game.

In recent years, the classic has attracted numerous African-American celebrities, public figures, and elected officials to Birmingham.

History

See also
 List of NCAA college football rivalry games
 List of black college football classics

References

External links
 Official website

Alabama A&M Bulldogs football
Alabama State Hornets football
Sports in Birmingham, Alabama
American football in Alabama
Black college football classics
1924 establishments in Alabama


The Il-54 was a transonic bomber developed in the USSR in the 1950s. Only two examples were built before the project was abandoned.

Design and development
The Council of Ministers issued a directive to OKB-115, for a transonic bomber prototype to be submitted for State Acceptance Trials in July 1954. The design of this bomber went through several stages before settling on the final configuration.

The Il-54, as built, had a very thin 45 degree swept wing with anhedral, which was shoulder-mounted on the fuselage. The Lyulka AL-7 engines were housed in slim, pylon mounted, pods at approximately 1/3 span. Because the wings and engine nacelles were too small to house a conventional undercarriage, the Il-54 used a bicycle undercarriage arrangement, with nose and main gear units on the centreline of the aircraft, at each end of the bomb bay. This arrangement meant a conventional rotating takeoff would be impossible. To enable the Il-54 to take off, in a reasonable runway length, the main gear knelt and the nose gear extended to give the ideal angle of incidence for takeoff (10 degrees).

Flight trials of the Il-54 commenced in April 1955 with test pilot Vladimir Kokkinaki at the controls. Difficult handling during the landing run was rectified by modifying the undercarriage.

Production of the Il-54 was not proceeded with, due to competition from Yak-25 derivatives, and the belief that crewed aircraft would soon be replaced by missiles.

Booked to fly in the flypast at Tushino Airfield in 1956, the Il-54 was dropped from the flying programme. The aircraft was then shown to a US military delegation at Kubinka. The delegation was told that the Il-54 was the Il-149, as part of a deception programme. As a result, the Il-54 was assigned far more importance than it actually warranted, and was assigned the NATO reporting name ("Blowlamp") after it had ceased flying.

Variants
Datafrom:OKB Ilyushin
 Il-54T - Torpedo Bomber (project)
 Il-54U - Trainer (project)
 Il-54R - Photo-Reconnaissance (project)

Specifications (Il-54)

See also

References

External links

1950s Soviet bomber aircraft
Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union
Il-054
Twinjets
Aircraft first flown in 1955


Tapis crude is a Malaysian crude oil used as a pricing benchmark in Singapore. Tapis is very light, with an API gravity of 43°-45°, and very sweet, with only about 0.04% sulfur.  While it is not traded on a market like Brent Crude or West Texas Intermediate (WTI), it is often used as an oil marker or price referencing indicator for Asia and Australia.

The price of Tapis in Singapore is often considerably higher than the price of benchmark crude oils such as Brent or West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the more commonly referenced in market commentaries. This is because its lightness (i.e. higher ° API) allows for greater production of higher-value products, such as petrol, than from Brent or WTI.  Its high price is also due to the purity of the blend. Its extremely low sulfur content means it requires less refinery processing than sourer crude oils, and hence a lower processing cost.

The Tapis field, located off the coast of Terengganu in the South China Sea was discovered in 1969 with production starting in 1978. ExxonMobil holds a 30% stake, the rest being held by state-owned Petronas. , production is approximately 300,000 barrels per day.

See also

 Mean of Platts Singapore, similar regional oil price benchmark

References

Benchmark crude oils


Michael Velo (22 May 1851 – November 1929) was a Norwegian businessperson and politician for the Coalition Party.

Born in Jevnaker as a son of farmers Erik Olsen Velo and Karen Olsdatter, he graduated from Asker Seminary in 1869 and worked as a teacher until 1882. He then settled in Larvik to become a businessman. He was the manager of Larvik Potetmelfabrikk from 1898.

He was a member of Larvik city council from 1889 to 1909, serving eight years as mayor. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1906, representing the urban constituency of Larvik og Sandefjord. With Julius Christensen as running mate, he edged out the Social Democratic candidate and two Liberal candidates (one of these was a totallist). He served only one term. He was also a deputy member from 1895 to 1897 and 1903 to 1906.

Velo was also a board member of Norges Brandkasse and the Bank of Norway branch in Larvik from 1902 to 1927. He chaired Larvik handelsstands forening in 1890–1891 and 1903–1904, and became an honorary member here in 1927. He died in November 1929.

References

1851 births
1929 deaths
People from Jevnaker
Politicians from Larvik
Norwegian schoolteachers
Norwegian businesspeople
Mayors of places in Vestfold
Members of the Storting
Coalition Party (Norway) politicians


Jeanne Dambendzet (born 1 August 1943) is a Congolese politician. She served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville from 1989 to 1991 and again from 1997 to 2009. Since 2009 she has been the First Vice-President of the Economic and Social Council, a state institution. She is a member of the Congolese Labour Party (PCT) and has been National Executive Secretary of the Women's Organization of Congo, the PCT's women's organization, since 2013.

Background and early political career
Dambendzet was born in Franceville, located in southeastern Gabon. She is related to President Denis Sassou Nguesso (he is her mother's first cousin) and the two have known each other since they were children. She became a teacher and was an activist within the teachers' union; she was also a founder of the Revolutionary Union of Congolese Women (URFC). From 1977 to 1980, she was a URFC delegate to the Women's International Democratic Federation; subsequently, she was the Women's International Democratic Federation's Permanent Representative to UNESCO from 1980 to 1984.

At the PCT's Third Ordinary Congress, held on 27–31 July 1984, Dambendzet was elected to the 75-member PCT Central Committee. She was also assigned to head the studies and research division of the PCT. On 13 August 1989, she was appointed to the Congolese government as Minister of Labour and Social Security, holding that post until the PCT regime ended in 1991.

Political career since the early 1990s
Dambendzet remained loyal to Sassou Nguesso during the presidency of Pascal Lissouba (1992–1997) and worked actively on his behalf during the June–October 1997 civil war. After the victory of Sassou Nguesso's forces, Dambendzet was again appointed to the government as Minister of the Civil Service and Administrative Reform on 2 November 1997; her portfolio was expanded to include the advancement of women on 12 January 1999. In the May 2002 parliamentary election, Dambendzet was elected to the National Assembly as the PCT candidate in Ngoko constituency, located in Cuvette Region; she received 55.43% of the vote and won the seat in the first round. Following the election, she was moved to the post of Minister of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries, and the Advancement of Women on 18 August 2002; she remained in that position in the government named on 7 January 2005, although her portfolio was reduced to agriculture, animal husbandry, and fisheries. Her portfolio was further reduced to agriculture and animal husbandry on 3 March 2007.

In the 2007 parliamentary election, Dambendzet was again elected to the National Assembly as the PCT candidate in Ngoko; she won the seat in the first round with 67.58% of the vote. She was subsequently moved to the post of Minister of Trade, Consumption, and Supplies on 30 December 2007.

Dambendzet distributed tables to traders and vendors at the Bourreau market in Brazzaville on 22 August 2009. She explained that one of her ministry's tasks was the modernization of markets and that the selling of goods off the ground was a public health problem. According to Dambendzet, more tables would be distributed at other markets to help the markets meet basic standards of public health.

Dambendzet was dismissed from the government on 15 September 2009 and was then appointed by Sassou Nguesso as First Vice-President of the Economic and Social Council on 18 September 2009. She met with Claudine Munari, her successor as Minister of Trade, on 24 September to discuss issues facing the ministry, especially Economic Partnership Agreements with the European Union. She also discussed internal trade issues, such as rising food prices. Munari said that she would continue to consult with Dambendzet when needed.

As First Vice-President of the Economic and Social Council, Dambendzet met with Florent Ntsiba, the Minister of Labour and Social Security, on 13 November 2009 to discuss greater cooperation between the Council and the government on policies, including those related to employment, training, wages, and pensions. She said that the Council would communicate the concerns and desires of the people to relevant ministries.

At the PCT's Sixth Extraordinary Congress, held in July 2011, Dambendzet was elected to the PCT's 51-member Political Bureau.

In August 2013, at the constitutive congress of the Women's Organization of Congo (OFC), the PCT's newly created women's organization, Dambendzet was designated as the OFC's National Executive Secretary.

During the campaign for the September 2014 local elections, Dambendzet was dispatched to Cuvette Department to campaign for the PCT's candidates there.

References

1943 births
Living people
Members of the National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)
Government ministers of the Republic of the Congo
Permanent Delegates of the Republic of the Congo to UNESCO
Women government ministers of the Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo women diplomats
Women ambassadors


Standard Oil was an integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company established in 1870 and split into multiple companies in 1911. Various buildings bear the Standard Oil name and multiple individual stations with this branding are historically notable:

Standard Oil Gasoline Station may refer to:

 Standard Oil Gasoline Station (Odell, Illinois), a historic gas station in Odell, Illinois, that lies along historic U.S. Route 66
 Standard Oil Gasoline Station (Plainfield, Illinois), a historic building once used as a gas station in Plainfield, Illinois
 Standard Oil Company Filling Station in Bowling Green, Kentucky
 Standard Oil Service Station in Plant City, Florida
Standard Oil Gasoline Station (Rochelle, Illinois)


Ants Laikmaa (5 May 1866 – 19 November 1942) was an Estonian painter.

Life
Ants Laikmaa (until 1935 Hans Laipman) was born in Paiba farm, Araste village, Märjamaa Parish. He was the 13th child of a poor Estonian family. He attended schools in Velise, Haapsalu and Lihula. His mother died when he was a child. Laikmaa discovered early his interest in painting. He studied from 1891 to 1893 and 1896/97 at the Düsseldorf Art Academy. From 1897 to 1899 he was working in Düsseldorf. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. In autumn of 1899 he returned to Tallinn. From 1900 to 1907 Laikmaa worked as an artist in Tallinn and Haapsalu. Study led him to Belgium, France, Austria, Finland and the Netherlands. 1901 he organized the first ever Estonian art exhibition in Tallinn, 1906 followed by the first art exhibition in Tartu. 1903, he founded a studio in Tallinn. 1907 he founded the Estonian Art Association (Eesti Kunstiselts).

In 1904 the 38-year-old Laikmaa met the great love of his life, the 21-year-old Marie Under, one of the best-known poets of the time. In the same year he painted two portraits of her, counted as the most famous of Laikmaa paintings.
From 1907 to 1909 he was mainly in Finland. 1909 to 1913 he traveled to the major art cities in Europe. He lived from 1910 to 1912 in Capri and Tunisia. From 1913 to 1931 Laikmaa worked as a freelance artist and art teacher in Tallinn. Among others, his pupils included the young Alfred Rosenberg. 1927 his only daughter Aino Marie (later Anu Kilpiö, died 1969) was born, a child of his model nicknamed "Miku". In 1932 Laikmaa settled in the vicinity of Taebla in Lääne County, on his farm in Kadarpiku village designed with a 7-hectare park, where he remained and worked until the end of his life.
Ants Laikmaa died in November 1942 in Kadarpiku, where he is also buried. Laikmaa remained unmarried all his life. His farm was opened in 1960 as a museum to his life and work.

Work
Ants Laikmaa is best known for his pastel painting. He brought impressionism to Estonia, and often painted landscapes, mostly with sharp colors. His portraits of the intellectual and artistic elite of Estonia are also well known. He was also politically active. Above all, he promoted the training and promotion of Estonian art and was one of the founders of the Estonian National Museum (Eesti Rahva Muuseum) in Tartu.

Best-known works
Self Portrait (1902)
Lääne neiu (1903; 'Maiden from Lääne County')
Portrait of Marie Under (1904)
Vigala taat (1904; 'Old man from Vigala')
Portrait of August Kitzberg (1915)

Gallery

References

External links

Ants Laikmaa house-museum

1866 births
1942 deaths
People from Märjamaa Parish
People from Kreis Wiek
19th-century Estonian painters
19th-century Estonian male artists
20th-century Estonian painters
20th-century Estonian male artists
Kunstakademie Düsseldorf alumni
Düsseldorf school of painting
Painters from the Russian Empire


Wibberley may refer to:

 Brian Wibberley (1866–1944), Australian Methodist minister
 Cormac and Marianne Wibberley, American husband and wife screenwriting team known as The Wibberleys
 Gerald Wibberley (1915–1991), British agricultural economist
 Leonard Wibberley (1915–1983), Irish novelist— The Mouse that Roared
 Marcus Wibberley (born 1981), British organist
 Mary Wibberley (died 2013), English romantic fiction writer

See also
 Wimberley, a town in Texas, U.S.


Ko Lan (, ) is one of the eastern seaboard islands of Thailand. Ko Lan lies 7.5 km from the nearest shore, Pattaya. "Ko Lan" is the name of the island in the Royal Thai General System of Transcription. It is also known as "Koh Larn" and "Ko Laan".

Geography
About four kilometres long and two kilometres wide occupying 3,411 rai, Ko Lan is the largest of the "near islands" off south Pattaya, at the southeast end of the Bay of Bangkok, and on the east side of the Gulf of Siam. Administratively Ko Lan belongs to the Amphoe Bang Lamung, Chonburi Province.

It is an island of hills covered with low tropical forest. A Buddhist shrine is located at its highest point, 180 metres above sea level. The island has two small villages, Ban Ko Lan and Ban Krok Makhan, where there are lodgings and restaurants. Ferries connect Ko Lan to the mainland.

Most of Ko Lan's eight beaches are on its west side. Most visited is Tawaen Beach, where there is a small harbor. The beach is lined with small tourist shops and restaurants. Other beaches are Tonglang Beach, Tien Beach, Samae Beach, and Naon Beach.

Ko Lan has 1,567 hotel and resort rooms and two wharves.

The "Koh Larn Classic" is a sailing and running race event held at the nearby Royal Varuna Yacht Club in Pattaya.

Adjacent islands
Two smaller islands are near Ko Lan:
Ko Sak (เกาะสาก), a narrow "c"-shaped island with a small bay open towards the north. It is 0.6 km off Ko Lan's northern tip. Its highest point is 33 m. It has a horseshoe-shaped beach in the north. Accommodation is available.
Ko Krok (เกาะครก), a private island less than two kilometres to the east of Ko Lan's northeast shore. Its highest point is 41 m.

Ko Phai, the main island of Mu Ko Phai (หมู่เกาะไผ่), the group of "far islands", off Pattaya is about 14 km to the west of Ko Lan.

Impact of mass tourism

During low season, Ko Lan attracts about 3,000 visitors a day. In high season, as many as 10,000 people daily visit. They generate about two million baht in daily income. Its maximum daily visitor capacity is 6,410. In addition, there are up to 8,000 permanent residents and workers on the island. Visitors and island residents generate about 50 tonnes of solid waste per day, mostly waste from food and plastic containers, foam and glass bottles, but Pattaya City authorities are only able to remove 20–25 tonnes per day. Pattaya City has no landfill of its own. It transports all of its waste and that of Ko Lan to a site in neighbouring Saraburi. The remaining daily 10 tonnes of refuse on Ko Lan is building up at a 12 rai sized dump site in the island's centre. There are over 50,000 tonnes of accumulated rubbish on the island. Plans existed to build a garbage recycling and separation plant by 2016. It has not happened.

See also
List of islands of Thailand

References

External links

 Planet Plastic: Thai citizens suffer from plastic addiction and poor waste management (Video)
The Koh Larn website

Islands of Thailand
Geography of Chonburi province
Pattaya
Islands of the Gulf of Thailand


QE2 Hospital may refer to:

New QEII Hospital, in Hertfordshire
Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, in Halifax, Nova Scotia
Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital, in Brisbane, Australia


Halifax Infirmary may refer to:
Halifax Infirmary, West Yorkshire, a hospital established  1838 in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, a predecessor of the Royal Halifax Infirmary
Halifax Infirmary, Nova Scotia, a hospital established 1886 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, a predecessor of the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre


David B. Dunn (born 1949) is an American diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador to Togo from 2005 to 2008. He also served as United States Ambassador to Zambia from 1999 to 2002.

Biography
Dunn was born in Great Falls, Montana. He is a graduate of Occidental College and holds master's degrees from American University and the National War College. Dunn is married to Maria-Elena Dubourt and has two sons, Tom and Brian.

He joined the Foreign Service in 1978. Early assignments included Jamaica, Tunisia, France, and Washington, D.C.  Since 1988, he has been engaged with Africa, serving in Burundi, Mauritius, Tanzania, Zambia, South Africa, and Togo, and as deputy director and director of the State Department's Office of East African Affairs. He was appointed as Ambassador to Zambia by President Clinton, where he served from 1999 to 2002. From 2002 to 2005 he served as Principal Officer at the Consulate General in Johannesburg, South Africa. After George W. Bush was elected in 2000, Bush nominated Dunn as Ambassador to Togo on September 6, 2005, and he was confirmed by the United States Congress on October 28, 2005. He was superseded by Patricia McMahon Hawkins on August 22, 2008, as the ambassador to Togo. Following Togo, Dunn was assigned as a faculty member at the National War College, where he also served as Deputy Commandant. Shortly after his retirement at the end of 2010, Dunn was directed by President Barack Obama to return to service to perform the duties of the Alternate Representative for Special Political Affairs at the United States Mission to the United Nations in New York, a position he held for seven months. He returned to the same position in 2014, and in 2015 he returned once again as Acting U.S. Representative for Economic and Social Affairs.

He currently resides in Prescott, Arizona with his family, when not working.

See also
United States Ambassador to Togo
United States Ambassador to Zambia

References

Ambassadors of the United States to Togo
Ambassadors of the United States to Zambia
People from Great Falls, Montana
1949 births
Living people
Occidental College alumni
American University alumni
National War College alumni
United States Foreign Service personnel


John F. Manning (born April 11, 1961) is an American educator and lawyer. Manning is currently the Morgan and Helen Chu dean and professor of Harvard Law School.

Career
Manning graduated from Harvard College in 1982 and lived in Thayer Hall during his freshman year. He then graduated from Harvard Law School in 1985. Following law school, he served as a law clerk to Judge Robert Bork at the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. He then served as a law clerk to Justice Antonin Scalia for the Supreme Court's 1988 term. Manning also worked two stints at the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) and in the Solicitor General's office.

He began teaching at Columbia Law School in 1994 and was the Michael I. Sovern Professor of Law. Manning was brought to Harvard Law School by Dean Elena Kagan to help shore up Harvard Law School's expertise in public law; he is an expert in administrative law and a constitutional scholar of textualism. Manning's hiring, along with that of Jack Goldsmith, and Adrian Vermeule, has "helped assuage complaints that Harvard marginalized conservative views." Manning is also an expert on separation of powers issues.
On July 23, 2012, the Supreme Court appointed Manning amicus curiae, in Sebelius v. Auburn Regional Medical Center. He argued the case on December 4, 2012.

On April 30, 2013, Manning was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

On January 5, 2017, Martha Minow, then-dean at Harvard Law School, announced that she would be stepping down as dean at the end of the academic year. On June 1, 2017, Manning was formally announced as the law school's next Dean, beginning on July 1, 2017. Manning, a textualist legal scholar, whose selection drew criticism from some progressive and liberal groups, has stated that his academic background "will not affect how he leads the Law School."

Published works
Manning is the coauthor of two leading textbooks:
Hart and Wechsler's The Federal Courts and the Federal System (6th ed. 2009) (with Richard H. Fallon, Jr., Daniel J. Meltzer, and David L. Shapiro).
Legislation and Regulation (2010) (with Matthew C. Stephenson).
He has also written more than thirty law review articles. Some of his most-cited pieces are:
 Constitutional Structure and Judicial Deference to Agency Interpretations of Agency Rules, 96 Colum. L. Rev. 612 (1996)
 Textualism as a Nondelegation Doctrine, 97 Colum. L. Rev. 673 (1997)
The Nondelegation Doctrine as a Canon of Avoidance, 2000 Sup. Ct. Rev. 223 (2000)
Textualism and the Equity of the Statute, 101 Colum. L. Rev. 1 (2001)
 The Absurdity Doctrine, 116 Harv. L. Rev. 2387 (2003)
The Eleventh Amendment and the Reading of Precise Constitutional Texts, 113 Yale L.J. 1663 (2004).
 Nonlegislative Rules, 72 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 893 (2004).
Textualism and Legislative Intent, 91 Va. L. Rev. 419 (2005).
 What Divides Textualists from Purposivists?, 106 Colum. L. Rev. 70 (2006).
Federalism and the Generality Problem in Constitutional Interpretation, 122 Harv. L. Rev. 2003 (2009).
Competing Presumptions About Statutory Coherence, 74 Fordham L. Rev. 2009 (2006)
Continuity and the Legislative Design, 79 Notre Dame L. Rev. 1863 (2004)

Cases argued in front of the Supreme Court:

Sebelius v. Auburn Regional Medical Center (2012)
American Dredging Company v. Miller (1993)
Security Services, Inc. v. Kmart Corporation (1993)
Williamson v. United States (1993)
Conroy v. Aniskoff (1992)
Federal Communications Commission v. Beach Communications, Inc. (1992)
Parke v. Raley (1992)
Zafiro v. United States (1992)
Barker v. Kansas (1991)

See also
 List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 9)

References

External links
 Harvard Faculty Bio
 John F. Manning, videos at C-SPAN.
 Appearances at the U.S. Supreme Court from the Oyez Project

1961 births
Living people
Harvard College alumni
Harvard Law School alumni
Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States
Columbia Law School faculty
Harvard Law School faculty
American lawyers
American legal scholars
American legal writers
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Massachusetts Republicans
American scholars of constitutional law
Deans of Harvard Law School


Paul Vinsnes (18 October 1794 – 23 August 1889) was a Norwegian priest and politician.

Biography
Vinsnes was born at Drammen in Buskerud, Norway. He was the son of Johan Fredrik Winsnes (1768–1838) and his wife Barbara Holm (1774–1828). His father had been a  parish priest to Råde in Østfold, later in Stange in Hedmark. His grandfather had been a Magistrate  for  the Gudbrandsdalen district of Norddalen  in Oppland. He graduated from the University of Copenhagen as cand.theol. with laud in 1814.

He first worked  for two years as a teacher in Drammen, then a catechist at Our Saviour's Church in Kristiania (now Oslo Cathedral) before he became chaplain in Vang  in Hedmark in 1819. He was then appointed as vicar in Trysil in Hedemark in 1820, Hurdal  in  Akershus in 1822, Aurdal  in Nord-Aurdal in 1827. He was assigned to Brunlaugnes (now Brunlanes)  in Larvik in 1830 where he was also he was the first mayor of the municipality during the  period 1838–1846. He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1839, 1842 and 1844, representing the constituency of Jarlsberg og Laurviks Amt (now Vestfold).
 He subsequently returned to the priesthood as dean at Vang, Hedemark. He retired in 1870.

In 1817, Paul Vinsnes married Hanna Olava Strøm (1789–1872), niece of professor Hans Strøm. They had several children. Their great-granddaughter, Barbra Ring, was a notable author.

References

1794 births
1889 deaths
Politicians from Drammen
Members of the Storting
Vestfold politicians
Norwegian priest-politicians
University of Copenhagen alumni


Yarroweyah is a former railway station in Yarroweyah, Victoria, Australia.

Yarroweyah became a no-on-in-charge station in March 1976.

References

Railway stations in Australia opened in 1888
Railway stations closed in 1993
Disused railway stations in Victoria (state)


The Wachdienst (English: watch service) was a rural home guard organisation raised by the Third Reich in Germany during the last months of World War II, in 1945. The service was created to assist local authorities in rural areas, among other things, and elderly men in Germany, mostly farmers and other rural labourers, were forced into conscription. Members of the Wachdienst were often required to participate in local fire brigades and engage in related tasks. Others were involved in the oversight of farms in their area, and were required to look into pests affecting local crops and produce. In addition to this, and as the name of the unit implies, the Wachdienst were also tasked with home protection for civilians, and undertook militia-like duties in that respect.

The service was one of many civilian organisations created under command of the Third Reich in Germany, in response to an increasing lack of manpower and supplies as the war dragged on and continued its demand for resources, human and not. As the Wehrmacht, the German military forces, were proving ineffective in stopping the advance of the Soviet Union on the Eastern Front due to a lack of units, Adolf Hitler sanctioned the creation of such organisations on the home front, and civilians who were working in areas perceived to be non-essential were often enrolled.

The Wachdienst should not be confused with the Volkssturm, a similar militia "home guard" unit formed in October 1944, whose name is roughly translated into English as "The People's Army".

Notes

1945 in Germany
Military history of Germany during World War II


Federico Luzzi (3 January 1980 – 25 October 2008) was an Italian professional tennis player who had been ranked as high as World No. 92. Luzzi had been suspended from professional tennis in 2008 for six months after a determination was made that he had gambled on the outcome of matches over a three-year span. He was diagnosed with leukemia on a Wednesday and died four days later. While he was on suspension and awaiting the outcome of the case he studied acting in Hollywood. He screen tested and was to return to Hollywood in 2009 to begin filming two movies.

The FedeLux charity was founded in his honor, searching for a cure for cancer.

Tennis career
The 1.87m (6ft 2in) Luzzi, coached by Umberto Rianna, turned pro in 1999. His best season was in 2001 when he finished with the year ranked 96, having reached the quarterfinals at the Ciutat de Barcelona Tennis Tournament, won two ATP Challenger Series titles and made his Davis Cup debut.

In February 2002, Luzzi attained a world ranking of 92, the highest in his career. A serious shoulder injury plagued him for the remainder of his career.

Officials at the 2007 U.S. Open would not allow Luzzi to play while wearing a shirt with a Playboy bunny, as the logo failed a United States Tennis Association policy that only allows logos for recognized clothing manufacturers. Luzzi had worn the shirt during an opening qualifying match, but the USTA imposed the restriction before his second match, which Luzzi lost to Gabriel Trujillo-Soler of Spain.

In February 2008, the Association of Tennis Professionals found him guilty of wagering on the outcome of matches from May 2004 to April 2007. The ATP's Anti-Corruption Program prohibits all gambling on any form of tennis. The ATP banned Luzzi from playing for 200 days and fined him $50,000. The ATP determined that he had "wagered 273 times on 836 tennis matches", including a wager he had placed on himself to win a match, but the ATP stated that it had not uncovered any evidence that he had attempted to influence the result of any tennis match.

Illness and death
Luzzi was forced to retire from a club match in Sardinia in mid-October due to a fever. He went to the hospital and on Wednesday 21 October was diagnosed with cancer. Luzzi had contracted a rapid form of fulmonic leukemia, and died four days later on 25 October 2008 in a hospital in his home town of Arezzo at age 28.
His funeral was held in his hometown of Arezzo and was attended by over 3500 people including all of the officials of the Federazione Italiana Tennis (FIT) along with previous and current tennis stars of Italy. His pall bearers were his best friends.

Singles titles

References

External links

 His official website

1980 births
2008 deaths
Deaths from cancer in Tuscany
Deaths from leukemia
Italian male tennis players
Sportspeople from Arezzo


Jacob Staalesen Velde (18 April 1805 – 14 July 1877) was a Norwegian politician.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1848, representing the constituency of Nordre Trondhjems Amt. He worked as a teacher and farmer there. He was re-elected in 1851, 1854, 1868 and 1871.

References

1805 births
1877 deaths
Members of the Storting
Politicians from Nord-Trøndelag


Christian Hansen Vennemoe (24 November 1812 – 30 May 1901) was a Norwegian politician.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1868, representing the constituency of Akershus Amt. He worked as a banker and farmer there. He was re-elected in 1871 and 1874.

References

1812 births
1901 deaths
Members of the Storting
Akershus politicians


(David) Gwyther (Broome) Irwin (7 May  1931 – 18 October 2008) was a British abstract artist born in Basingstoke, Hampshire, who had lived much of his life in north Cornwall. He was educated in Dorset, at Goldsmiths College and at the Central School of Art in London 1951–1954. Irwin first came to prominence in 1957 with an exhibition at Gallery One, and another at Gimpel Fils in 1959. In 1964, he represented Britain at the Venice Biennale, along with Joe Tilson, Bernard Meadows and Roger Hilton. In 1960, he married Elizabeth Gowlett and they had two sons and one daughter.

His most famous artworks consisted of pictures assembled from newsprint and fragments of advertisements on paper, which he collected from the streets with his wife, and which were then worked up into collages often of fine delicacy and quite subtle shades. Some of his later works also used string, wood shavings, chalk and paint.

"Gwyther Irwin's latest collages...are evidently miracles of patient assembly...they set out to achieve the subtlest and slowest possible shifts in tonality from umber darkness to creamy light and back again. The patience, the subtlety, the muted gradations of every effect combine to produce an atmosphere of studied beauty." (The Times, 18 September 1959)

In the 1960s he taught at art schools in Hornsey, Corsham and Chelsea before becoming head of fine art at Brighton polytechnic between 1969 and 1984.

Exhibitions
Gallery One, 1957
Redfern Gallery, Metavisual Tachiste Abstract, 1957
Institute of Contemporary Arts, "Three Collagists," 1958
Gimpel Fils, 1959
Situation, London, 1960
Paris Biennale, 1960
Biennale des Jeunes, Paris, 1961
The Art of Assemblage, MoMA, New York, 1961
Gimpel Fils, 1962
Gimpel Fils, 1963,
Venice Biennale, 1964
Recent British Painting, Tate Gallery, London, 1967
Two one-man exhibitions in 1975 & 1978
Kettle’s Yard, Cambridge, 1981
Retrospective, Gimpel Fils, 1987
John Jones Gallery, 1992
Barbican Art Gallery, 1993
Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro, 1995
West of England Academy, Bristol, 1996
Tate Britain, 2004
Redfern Gallery & JHW Fine Art, London, 2006
Lemon Street Gallery, Truro, scheduled for February 2009 will now become a memorial tribute.

Bibliography
 Gwyther Irwin, Collage, Gimpel Fils, London, 1962, ASIN B0007KED1A
 Alan Bowness, Gwyther Irwin, Quadrum Books, Bruxelles, 1964, ASIN B0007KELU8
 Roger Hilton, Gwyther Irwin, Bernard Meadows, Joe Tilson, An exhibition catalogue, with illustrations, Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, 1965
 Gwyther Irwin: work in progress 1957-1967, [exhibition] 5–30 September 1967, Gimpel Fils, London, 1967, ASIN B0007JX2NQ
 Gwyther Irwin, 7 April to 2 May 1970, Gimpel Fils, London, 1970
 Nicholas Wadley, Gwyther Irwin a Retrospective, London, Gimpel Fils. 1987
 Gwyther Irwin, Recent Paintings, 15 February-17 March 1994, Redfern Gallery, London, 1994

See also
Mimmo Rotella

External links
Gwyther Irwin at JHW fine arts
Gwyther Irwin at Tate modern
Gwyther Irwin: painter whose art drew his Cornish upbringing (Obituary), The Times, 25 October 2008
Magdalen Evans, Gwyther Irwin: Artist and teacher who forged a reputation as Britain's foremost collagist, The Independent, 24 October 2008

1931 births
2008 deaths
Artists from Hampshire
Academics of the University of Brighton
Collage artists
People from Basingstoke
Alumni of the Central School of Art and Design


Eddy Gragus (born February 15 1968 in Cleveland, Ohio) is a former professional cyclist. In 1994 he won the Tour of Yugoslavia as an amateur. In 1996 he won the USPRO National Road Race Championships, and a stage on the Tour of China. In 1999 he won the USPRO Saturn Tour. He raced professionally for the Montgomery Bell Professional Cycling Team and U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team among others.

Amateur Cycling career
Eddy began racing bicycles during his senior year in high school in Tampa, Florida.  In 1991, aged 22, he moved to France and raced as an elite amateur throughout Europe. In 1994 he won the Tour of Yugoslavia.

Professional career
Eddy turned professional in 1995 with the Montgomery Bell Professional Cycling Team under his formative coach, Eddie Borysewicz.  In his first year as a professional he won the second stage of the Tour of Poland, holding the leaders jersey until the penultimate stage when a crash left him 10th on the GC.  In 1996 the team changed title sponsors and became the U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team, which subsequently became known as the Discovery Channel Pro Cycling Team.  In his second year as a professional Eddy won the biggest one-day event on the US Professional calendar, the USPRO National Road Race Championships in Philadelphia, PA.  He also won a stage on the Tour of China. Outside Magazine Online ran daily journal entries from Eddy's first grand tour, the 1997 Vuelta a España - (See below).

Eddy raced for US Postal for 1997 and went on to race for several other Professional teams such as Oil-Me, Ikon-Lexus, Jelly Belly and Sierra Nevada.  In 1999 he won the USPRO Saturn Tour.

In 2003 he won the Descente Boulder Criterium with the Trek-VW team.

Major results

1995
 1st TT Stage Tour of Poland
 KOM CoreState USPRO Road Championship (100 mile solo breakaway)
 10th Tour of Poland (held leaders jersey for six stages)

1996
 1st CoreState US Pro Championship
 KOM Thrift Drug Classic
 4th CoreState Trenton Classic

1997
 KOM Circuit de la Sarthe (France)
 1st Stage Redlands Classic

1998
 4th(x2) Stage Tour de Lankawi

1999
 1st Saturn USPRO Tour
 1st Stage Fitchburg Longjo Stage Race
 2nd GC Fitchburg Longjo Stage Race
 2nd First Union Trenton CLassic
 Member of US World Championship National Team (Verona, Italy)

2000
 2nd GC Sea Otter Classic Stage Race

Personal life
Since retirement Eddy has married, has two kids and become a Corporate Tax Manager (with focus on transfer pricing) and resides in Colorado.

References

External links
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 1
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 2
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 3
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 4
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 5
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 6
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 7
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 8
 Outside Online Magazine - 1997 Vuelta a España, The diary of Eddy Gragus, stage 9

American male cyclists
American cycling road race champions
Sportspeople from Tampa, Florida
Sportspeople from Cleveland
1968 births
Living people


Madhavaram Milk Colony is a neighbourhood in northern Chennai, a metropolitan city in Chennai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

Madhavaram Milk Colony is a small habitat of 5000+ population in the northern part of Chennai. Due to the set up of first co-operative milk producing union Aavin of Chennai, this place was called Madhavaram Milk Colony. Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University is situated here. A pharmacy major - Retort Laboratories and Herbal Soap manufacturer - Medimix also have their presence here. In addition, the palm project and horticulture society have their presence here. The domestic animals park inside the Milk colony is an attraction for children. The Madhavaram Botanical Garden is situated here.

Religious and Divinity
 Sri Arulmigu Ponni Amman Thirukoil - Madhavaram Milk Colony Quarters (near Bottle ground)
 Sri Thulukkanathamman Koil - Madhavaram Milk Colony Quarters (MMC Main Road)
 Perumal Kovil (Kamaraj Salai, Edaima Nagar)
 Muthumariamman Kovil (Kamaraj Salai, Periyamathur)
 Arasamara Vinayagar Temple (Kamaraj Salai, Periyamathur)
 Sri Devi Kalasathamman Temple (Selaivayal)
 Sai Baba Temple (Bank Colony)
 Sri Sarva Sakthi Ganapathi Aalayam (Bank Colony 5th Street)
 Madras Pentecostal Assembly Church (Ganapathy Nagar)
 Mosques

Location and Surroundings
Madhavaram Milk Colony, most often called "MMC" or Paalpannai is a neighbourhood located north of Chennai city. It borders Kodungaiyur to the east, Madhavaram to the west, Moolakadai to the south, and Manali to the north. The main thoroughfare in the area is the Milk Colony Road.
Though this place is inside to the Chennai city limit (Chennai corporation), this place is probably the most calm, cool and segregated from urban commotion. The natural surroundings here  display a rural like atmosphere. This also attracts the views of many peoples, so this place also acts as a suiting spot for many Tamil films. Right from the main gate to the veterinary university campus, there are trees (particularly palm trees) and cattle sheds on both sides of the road, replicating a typical village atmosphere. Madhavaram milk colony is one among the 200 wards in the Chennai Corporation. Madhavaram falls under ZONE 3 in Chennai corporation.

Transportation

Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) runs passenger buses to Madhavaram Milk Colony from other major parts of the Chennai city. Though there is no origin or destination service from/to Madhavaram Milk Colony, Good number of buses  passes  through Madhavaram Milk Colony. Some of them are:

Educational Institutions
Madhavaram Milk Colony's colleges, universities and institutes are:
 Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS)
 College of Fish Nutrition and Food Technology of Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU)
 Paraprofessional Institute of Fisheries Technology of Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University (TNJFU)
 Horticulture Training Centre
 Institute of Horticulture Management
 Agricultural Co-operative Staff Training Institute
 Jayagovind Harigopal Agarwal Agarsen College
 Institute for Poultry Science and Management

Famous CBSE schools
 Greenfield Chennai International School
 Velammal New Gen School
 Everwin Vidhyaashram School
 KC Toshniwal Vivekananda Vidyalaya School
 Sri Chaitanya Techno School

Famous State / Matric schools
 St Thomas Matriculation Higher Secondary School
 Bosco Academy Matriculation Higher Secondary School
 Government Higher Secondary School
 Padma Prakash Matriculation Higher Secondary School
 Ramakrishna Matriculation Higher Secondary School
 St. Anne's Girls High School
 St. Ann's Matriculation Higher Secondary School
 St. Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School
 St. Thomas' School
 Sri Shakthi Matriculation School
 Madhavaram Govt Higher Secondary School

Hospitals and Health care
 Madhavaram Milk Colony Government Hospital
 K.M Multi Specialty Hospital
 Murari Hospital
 St' Antony hospital
 Anand Hospital
 Fathima Nursing Home

Neighbourhoods
Most notable neighbourhoods in Madhavaram Milk colony are

Madhavaram Milk Colony is just 5 km from Perambur and 6.7 km from Manali and 13 km from Annanagar and 11.5 km from Tiruvotiiyur. The nearest railway station is Perambur and Chennai Central at just 6 km.

Aavin

Madhavaram Milk Colony is the Tamil Nadu Co-operative milk producers' Federation Ltd's first dairy in Chennai. Started in the year 1992, this unit is the central dairy of Aavin with a capacity of 3.0 LLPD. This Dairy carry out Processing, Packing and Distribution of Milk and Milk Products as per HACCP, MMPO and NDDB Norms.
The Head Office of Tamil Nadu Co-operative milk producers' Federation Ltd. is located at Aavin Illam near to the Main gate.

Aavin Park
During the 1980s the Tamil Nadu cooperative milk federation was running in loss. As a part of initiative to implement the market of milk and milk products, the authorities decided to establish an ice cream parlour along with a park for children to play. The park consists of a small artificial lake along with a small fish pond

Madhavaram Botanical Garden
Madhavaram Botanical Garden is a botanical garden in Chennai, India, set up by the horticulture department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. The garden, under construction, is expected to be opened by February 2013 and will be the largest botanical garden in the city.  The garden is located at the State horticulture farm in Madhavaram Milk Colony.  Encompassing an area of 28 acres, it is being built at a cost of ₹ 57.3 million.  Foundation stone for the garden was laid on 15 September 2010.  As of October 2012, 80 percent of the civil work has been completed and work is in progress to construct a food court, ticket counters and a compound wall.  A small bridge has been built to attract birds from where visitors will get a view of the lake.  The garden will have nearly 400 species of plants.  A glasshouse similar to the one in the garden at Udhagamandalam will also be created, with different types of gardens, including herbal, flowers, bonsai and trellis gardens, in addition to mazes, a play area for children, cascades and many fountains.  The garden will also have an open-air theatre with a capacity to seat nearly 150 people.  There will also be a nursery outlet at the garden.

Chennai Metro Rail Limited – Phase II
In December-2016, it was announced that Chennai Metro Phase 2 would be for 104 km (65 mi) spreading across 104 stations.  In July 2017, in a suo motu statement in the State Legislative Assembly, an extension in Phase II, involving an additional cost of ₹38,500 million to the original phase II cost of ₹850,470 million, was announced.  Once Phase 1 draws to a close in 2019–20, construction on Phase 2 of Chennai Metros project will begin. This phase is currently in the proposal stage and in its latest avatar has been proposed to be 107.55 km long with another 25 km in the pipeline. After phase 2 is built and opened in 2028 (estimated), Chennai's metro network will become roughly 176.70 km long.

This phase involves the construction of 2 out of 3 new lines on standard gauge tracks:

• Line-3 – Purple Line – Madhavaram – SIPCOT (45.77 km) with 50 stations

Stations: Madhavaram Milk Colony (interchange with Line-5), Thapal Petti, Murari Hospitial, Moolakadai, Sembiyam, Perambur Market, Perambus Metro, Ayanavaram, Otteri, Pattalam, Perambur Barracks Road, Purasaiwakkam High Road, Kelley's, KMC, Chetpet Metro, Sterling Road Junction, Nungambakkam, Gemini, Thousand Lights (interchange with Line-1), Royapettah Govt Hospital, Radhakrishnan Salai Junction, Thirumayilai Metro (interchange with Line-4), Madaiveli, Greenways Road Metro, Adyar Junction, Adyar Depot, Indira Nagar, Thiruvanmiyur, Taramani Link Road, Nehru Nagar, Kandhanchavadi, Perungudi, Thoralpakkam, Mettukuppam, PTC Colony, Okkiyampet, Karapakkam, Okkiyam Thoralpakkam, Sholinganallur (interchange with Line-5), Sholinganallur Lake, Sri Ponniamman Temple, Sathyabama University, St Joseph College, Seemancheri, Gandhi Nagar, Nayalur, Siruseri, Sipcot 1 and Sipcot 2

• Line-5 – Red Line – Madhavaram – Sholinganallur (44.66 km) with 46 stations

Stations: Madhavaram Milk Colony (interchange with Line-3), Venugopal Nagar, Assissi Nagar, Manjambakkam, Velmurugan Nagar, MMBT, Shastri Nagar, Terreri, Kolathur, Srinivasa Nagar, Villivakkam Metro, Villivakkam Bus Terminus, Nadhamuni, Anna Nagar Depot, Thirumangalam, Kendriya Vidyalaya Anna Nagar, Kallamman Koli Street, CMBT (interchange with Line-2, Line-4), Kannlamman Nagar, Nerkundram, Madhuravoyal, Ganga Nagar, Valasaravakkam, Alwarthirunagar, Suresh Nagar, Ramapuram, Sathya Nagar, Chennai Trade Centre, Butt Road, Alandur (interchange with Line-1 and Line-2), St Thomas Mount (interchange with Line-2), Adambakkam MRTS, Vanuvampet, Puzhuthivakkam, Madipakkam Koot Road, Kilkattalai, Echangadu, Kovilabakkam, Vellakkal, Medavakkam Koot Road, Medavakkam Junction, Perumbakkam, Global Hospitals, Elcot and Sholinganallur (interchange with Line-3).

History
The Madhavaram Milk Colony was established by Karmaverar K. Kamaraj, former chief minister of Tamil Nadu in 1965 as a region for milk and milk-producing people. It was under the period of whom a field called jersey field was established as a cow field with at least 200 license holders. Then he built a residential area for those people and the area was named as Madhavaram Paalpannai. Veterinary buildings and institutions include:
 The central fisheries and aquaculture research center
 The horticulture research and training institute
 The Tamil Nadu Animal Science and veterinary University (TANUVAS)
 The chemicals and pesticide safety laboratory'''
 The central Palmgur research institute (under CSIR, Neither a Palm nor a Gur)
 The parmocovigilance laboratory for animal feed and food safety
 The Central Fertilizers Chemical Laboratory

References

Economy of Chennai
Neighbourhoods in Chennai


A122 may refer to:
 A122 road (England), an unused designation
 A122 road (Malaysia), a road in Perak connecting Kampung Masjid Baharu and Kampung Changkat Petai
 RFA Olwen (A122), a 1964 fast fleet tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary


Karl Andreas Larsen Vefring (1822 - 1895) was a Norwegian politician.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1865, representing the constituency of Nordre Bergenhus Amt. He worked as a farmer there. He was re-elected in 1871 and 1877.

References

1822 births
1895 deaths
Members of the Storting
Sogn og Fjordane politicians


The SLT 50 is a heavy duty tractor unit and tank transporter used by the German Army and Polish Army.

History
To replace the first generation tank transporter then in use, as well as to be able to haul the armoured vehicles then in service (among them the Leopard 1 Main Battle Tank), the German Army asked Faun GmbH to develop a new all-terrain heavy tractor, and in parallel Krupp was asked to develop the tank transport semi-trailer.

The result was the SLT 50-2 tractor and the 52-ton SaAnh semi-trailer. The combination was first tested in 1971. The first production combination was delivered in April 1976. Some 324 were built up to 1979, in one series, with tractor by Faun, and trailer by Kässbohrer, under Krupp licence.

To be able to cope with the newest versions of the Leopard 2 MBT, the vehicles were upgraded from 1994 to the standard SLT 50-3. This modernization program was completed in 2000, with the vehicles expected to operate until 2015.

Operators
  -
  - since 2002 after buying Leopard 2A4 MBTs.
 -
 -

Specification

SLT 50-2 tractor
8x8 tractor.
Length: 8.83  m
width: 3.07 m
height: 3.3 m
weight: 22,800 kg
Engine: Deutz MWM diesel TBD 234 V12. Power: 734 bhp at 2100 rpm.
Transmission: 4-speed ZF W500-10 4PW 200 H2
speed:  65 km/h on road, level ground.
Range: 600 km

52-ton SaAnh (Sattelhänger)
52-ton semi-trailer.
Length: 13.1 / 7.8 m   (total / loading platform)
width: 3.15 / 3.15 m   (total / loading platform)
height: n/a
weight: 16,200 kg (unladen)
Max.load: 52,000 kg

References

External links
  Walkaround with pictures on the German website panzer-modell.de

See also
 Scammell Pioneer Semi-trailer
 SLT 56 Franziska

Tank transporters
Military trucks of Germany
Military vehicles introduced in the 1970s
Off-road vehicles


Martin Halvorsen Vee or perhaps Matias Halvorsen Ve (1 March 1791 – 22 October 1864) was a Norwegian politician.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1845, representing the constituency of Jarlsberg og Laurviks Amt. He worked as a farmer there. He served only one term.

References

1791 births
1864 deaths
Members of the Storting
Vestfold politicians


Christen Andersen Vallesværd (1797–1842) was a Norwegian politician.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1833, representing the constituency of Nedenes og Robygdelagets Amt. He worked as a farmer there. He served only one term.

References

1797 births
1842 deaths
Members of the Storting
Aust-Agder politicians


This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Siskiyou County, California.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Siskiyou County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.

There are 21 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 1 National Historic Landmark.

Current listings

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See also

List of National Historic Landmarks in California
National Register of Historic Places listings in California
California Historical Landmarks in Siskiyou County, California

References

Siskiyou


The depth–slope product is used to calculate the shear stress at the bed of an open channel containing fluid that is undergoing steady, uniform flow. It is widely used in river engineering, stream restoration, sedimentology, and fluvial geomorphology. It is the product of the water depth and the mean bed slope, along with the acceleration due to gravity and density of the fluid.

Formulation

The use of the depth–slope product — in computing the bed shear-stress — specifically refers to two assumptions that are widely applicable to natural river channels: that the angle of the channel from horizontal is small enough that it can be approximated as the slope by the small-angle formula, and that the channel is much wider than it is deep, and sidewall effects can be ignored. Although it is a simplistic approach to find the shear stress in what can often be a locally unsteady fluvial system, when averaged over distances of kilometers, these local variations average and the depth–slope product becomes a useful tool to understand shear stress in open channels such as rivers.

Depth and hydraulic radius

The first assumption is that the channel is much wider than it is deep, and the equations can be solved as if the channel were infinitely wide. This means that side-wall effects can be ignored, and that the hydraulic radius, , can be assumed to be equal to the channel depth, .

where  is the cross sectional area of flow and  is wetted perimeter. For a semicircular channel, the hydraulic radius would simply be the true radius.

For an approximately rectangular channel (for simplicity in the mathematics of the explanation of the assumption),

,

where  is the width (breadth) of the channel, and

.

For b>>h,

,

and therefore

.

Formally, this assumption can generally be held to hold when the width is greater than about 20 times the height; the exact amount of error accrued can be found by comparing the height to the hydraulic radius. For channels with a lower width-to-depth ratio, a better solution can be found by using the hydraulic radius instead of the above simplification.

Pressure

The total stress on the bed of an open channel of infinite width is given by the hydrostatic pressure acting on the bed. For a fluid of density , an acceleration due to gravity , and a flow depth , the pressure exerted on the bed is simply the weight of an element of fluid, , times the depth of the flow, . From this, we get the expression for the total pressure, , acting on the bed.

Shear stress

In order to convert the pressure into a shear stress, it is necessary to determine the component of the pressure that provides shear on the bed. For a channel that is at an angle  from horizontal, the shear component of the stress acting on the bed , which is the component acting tangentially to the bed, equals the total pressure times the sine of the angle .

In natural rivers, the angle  is typically very small. As a result, the small-angle formula states that:

The tangent of the angle  is, by definition, equal to the slope of the channel, .

From this, we can arrive at the final form of the relation between bed shear stress and depth–slope product:

Scaling

Assuming a single, well-mixed, homogeneous fluid and a single acceleration due to gravity (both are good assumptions in natural rivers, and the second is a good assumption for processes on Earth, or any planetary body with a dominant influence on the local gravitational field), the only two variables that determine the boundary shear stress are the depth and the slope. This is the significance of the name of the formula.

For natural streams, in the mks or SI system (units of pascals for shear stress), a typical useful relationship to remember is that:

for water with a density of 1000 kg/m3 and approximating the acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2 (the error in this assumption is typically much smaller than the error from measurements).

Uses

Bed shear stress can be used to find:
 The vertical velocity profile within the fluid flow
 The ability of the fluid to carry sediment
 The rate of shear dispersion of contaminants and tracers.

See also
 Sediment
 Fluid mechanics

References
Leopold, Wolman, and Miller (1964), Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology, Dover Publications, Mineola, NY, USA, 535 pp.

Fluid dynamics
Geological techniques
Civil engineering
Environmental engineering


Jens Johan Vangensten (6 September 1766 - 8 February 1837) was a Norwegian farmer and politician.

He was born at Fet in Akershus, Norway. He operated a farm in Sørum and died in Christiania (now Oslo).

Vangensten was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1815, representing the constituency of Akershus Amt. He served only one term.

References

1766 births
1837 deaths
Members of the Storting
Akershus politicians
Norwegian farmers
People from Fet


Georg Wallace (6 June 1804 – 20 February 1890) was a Norwegian politician who served one term as a member of parliament from 1851 to 1853.

Background

Wallace belonged to a well-established family of merchants in Bergen, that was descended from an early 18th-century Scottish immigrant to Norway, George Sanderson Wallace (1689–1719) of Banff, Aberdeenshire, who became a merchant and ship's captain in Bergen in 1711. Georg Wallace was the father of Georg Wallace (1833–1894), a grain and fish merchant whose daughter Ellen Wallace was the maternal grandmother of Roald Dahl.

Career
He was by profession a master baker and later a merchant in his hometown.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1851, representing the constituency of Bergen. He served only one term.

Literature
Tallak Lindstøl: Stortinget og Statsraadet 1814–1914. Kristiania, 1914. Vol. 1 part 2, p. 935.

References

1804 births
1890 deaths
Members of the Storting
Politicians from Bergen


Winning the third place game at Eurobasket 2007 against Greece allowed Lithuania to qualify for the Olympic basketball tournament at Beijing 2008 without competition at 2008 Pre-Olympics Tournament. The Lithuanian men's basketball team came in fourth place after being beaten by Argentina's basketball team, 87-75.

2008 Olympic tournament roster
Lithuanian basketball team started its preparation for the Olympics at the end of June, 2008. After couple of training camps and preolympic friendly matches the national team was selected.

|}
| valign="top" |
 Head coach

 Assistant coach(es)

Legend
(C) Team captain
Club field describes last pro club before the tournament
|}

Candidates that didn't make for the final team:

Preparation matches

Olympic games

Group Stage

Quarterfinal

Semifinal

Bronze medal game

References

Lith
2008
Olympics


Négra Lock () is a single chamber lock on the Canal du Midi near the village of Villefranche-de-Lauragais in  Languedoc, France. There is a small chapel at the lock and also a small red-brick aqueduct which carries the canal over the Thésauque, a tributary of the Hers.

Négra Lock is at an altitude of 166m and is ascending when travelling west–east. The adjacent locks are Laval Lock to the east and Sanglier Lock to the west.

See also
Locks on the Canal du Midi

Locks on the Canal du Midi


The Gotham Book Mart was a famous Midtown Manhattan bookstore and cultural landmark that operated from 1920 to 2007. The business was located first in a small basement space on West 45th Street near the Theater District, then moved to 51 West 47th Street, then spent many years at 41 West 47th Street within the Diamond District in Manhattan, New York City, before finally moving to 16 East 46th Street. Beyond merely selling books, the store virtually played as a literary salon, hosting meetings of the Finnegans Wake Society, the James Joyce Society, poetry and author readings, art exhibits, and more. It was known for its distinctive sign above the door which read, "Wise Men Fish Here" (sign created by artist John Held Jr.). The store specialized in poetry, literature, books about theater, art, music and dance. It sold both new books as well as out-of-print and rare books.

History
The store was opened January 1, 1920, by Frances Steloff. Steloff's husband, David Moss, suggested both the store's name and its "Wise Men ..." motto, which was inspired by Washington Irving. Steloff nurtured the store as a literary sanctuary for the avant-garde, distributing copies of the banned Lady Chatterley's Lover, Henry Miller's Tropic of Cancer, and safeguarded Anais Nin's books when she fled Paris. Under Steloff's oversight, the store became a meeting place for the literati and 20th century cultural icons, essentially serving as a literary salon.

In February 1947, the James Joyce Society was founded at the Gotham; John J. Slocum (a Joyce bibliographer) was its first president and Steloff its first treasurer. The first member was T. S. Eliot.

The success of the store was partly due to Steloff's demanding nature and attention to quality, as well as business acumen. Steloff lived in an apartment above the store and later sold it in 1967 to book lover Andreas Brown. Upon selling the store to Brown, Steloff told him that he was not the owner, but the caretaker or custodian. Steloff continued working at the store as a consultant after selling it.

Arthur Miller said that the store was an invaluable source of books "... for research of all kinds, and perhaps above all for literature that is more than a few months old. It's impossible to imagine New York City without it." The director Woody Allen, a frequent customer of film books at the shop, referred to it as "everyone's fantasy of what the ideal bookshop is."

After Steloff died in 1989 at age 101, Brown moved into the apartment above the shop, living there until later selling the building.

The shop was full of photos of the authors and other notable figures who frequented it, as well as signage and other visual puns that were full of literary humor and references, such as the names of Steloff's and Brown's cats: Thornton (Wilder), Christopher (Morley), Mitchell (Kennerley), and (Thomas) Pynchon. A great deal of the shop's inventory was in storage unavailable to the general public, as the proprietors obtained stock from literary estates, general overflow stock, and other books set aside for future sale after appreciating. Brown sometimes referred to book storage cellars as "the catacombs".

The Gotham was credited for promoting and building the success and career of author/artist Edward Gorey. Gorey and Brown became friends, so the store favored Gorey after Brown assumed ownership. The store became the commercial flagship of Gorey's works, selling his books, calendars, greeting cards, T-shirts, and other products. The store published 15 of Gorey's books and the store gallery hosted exhibitions of Gorey's illustrations, as well as public signings by the author. Brown was named as one of the coexecutors of Gorey's estate, after he died in 2000.

The history of the store is covered in the documentary film, Frances Steloff: Memoirs of a Bookseller, directed in 1987 by Deborah Dickson.

Building

The building at 41 West 47th Street that housed the Gotham Book Mart for the longest period of its existence was purchased by Steloff from Columbia University in 1946 for $65,000. Somewhere in between, after selling the store to Andreas Brown, Steloff donated the building to the American Friends of the Hebrew University Foundation with the proviso that they give Brown the option to later buy it back at $1,000,000. In 1987, Steloff filed suit to enforce the intended proviso, and the two parties apparently settled. In 1988, Andreas Brown bought the building back from them for $1,000,000 (~$ in ).

In 1995, Joanne Carson (second wife of Johnny Carson) filed suit against Brown, alleging she had loaned him $640,000 in 1988 and 1991 to purchase and repair the building, and she wanted her money returned with interest. Carson had apparently become acquainted with Brown through their mutual friendship with Truman Capote. Brown and Carson met after Capote's death while Brown was appraising Capote's papers. In 1997, the suit was settled, with Brown agreeing to pay her back $1.4 million by February 28 of the year 2000.

In 2001, Brown put the five-story town house building up for sale with an asking price of $7.9 million (~$ in ). In 2003, the building was sold for $7.2 million (~$ in ) to Boris Aranov, who also owned another adjacent building.

Brown reopened the store under a slightly new name, "The Gotham Book Mart & Gallery", in 2004 just a few blocks away at 16 East 46th Street in the store space previously occupied by the H. P. Kraus rare books store. Leonard Lauder, a cosmetics industry billionaire and executive of Estée Lauder Companies, and Edmondo Schwartz, a real estate developer, arranged to buy the building for $5.2 million in order to assist the Gotham and Brown by leasing it back to him. In 2006, the store fell behind in its monthly $51,000 (~$ in ) rent, and the landlords initiated eviction proceedings. A judge authorized the city marshal to seize the inventory.

There were various stories for why Brown fell behind in the rent. According to him, he had recently endured three hernia operations and was struggling to save the store from closing by inventorying the over $3 million worth of books and posting them on the internet. In the months since the move from the previous location, the staff appeared to have failed to get any of the inventory online. By other accounts, he may have lost momentum after the transition of selling and moving from the old building, and he may have invested too much in more book inventory. Other factors that could have been involved included the fact that Barnes & Noble opened a bookstore just around the corner from the Gotham, and also that general book-buying habits of consumers had shifted with the advent of the internet age.

The primary factors affecting the store appears to have been a combination of the rising rent for real estate in Manhattan, competition from book superstores, and Brown's mismanagement of the business—factors which influenced the closures of a number of other venerable bookstores during the same period.

On May 22, 2007, the city auctioned off the store's inventory to a small crowd each of whom had put down a $1,000 (~$ in ) deposit in order to attend. Attendees included book collectors and other book store owners. Ultimately, the estimated $3 million worth of inventory was all bought up in one large lot for a bid of only $400,000 by the representative of the landlords.

Gotham Book Mart Collection
In late 2008, the University of Pennsylvania received over 200,000 items from the Gotham Book Mart's inventory as an anonymous gift. Penn will catalog the Gotham Book Mart Collection and make it available for teaching and research. Penn will also digitize materials from the Collection, and create public events such as lectures and exhibits based on its contents.

In the spring of 2019, Penn Libraries displayed a collection of the Gotham Book Mart collection at the Kislak Center for Rare Books, Collections and Manuscripts. The exhibit, called "Wise Men Fish Here", contained 300 items and was hosted at the Van Pelt Library.

Awards
 New York Magazine's Best of New York: Independent Bookstore, 2000.

Major authors and celebrities linked to the store
Many notable authors, celebrities, and major figures involved in publishing were customers of the store and friends with the owners and staff. The Nobel Prize committee in Stockholm was known to order copies of books from the Gotham when they were considering various authors for the prize.

Authors and celebrities who frequented and shopped at the store:

Edward Albee
Woody Allen
W. H. Auden
Warren Beatty
Saul Bellow
Alexander Calder
Truman Capote
Dick Cavett
Charlie Chaplin
Ina Claire
Jean Cocteau
Melora Creager
E. E. Cummings
Don DeLillo
Theodore Dreiser
Buckminster Fuller
Abigail Folger (worked as a clerk at the Gotham)
Allen Ginsberg (worked as a clerk at the Gotham)
John Guare
George Gershwin & Ira Gershwin
Edward Gorey
Martha Graham
Lillian Hellman
Katharine Hepburn
LeRoi Jones (worked as a clerk at the Gotham)
Garson Kanin
Alison Lurie
Norman Mailer
H. L. Mencken
Arthur Miller
Henry Moore
Marianne Moore
Christopher Morley
David Nolan
Eugene O'Neill
Anaïs Nin
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
John Dos Passos
George Plimpton
Ezra Pound
Man Ray
Philip Roth
J. D. Salinger
Marian Seldes
Dame Edith Sitwell
Patti Smith Patti Smith worked at Scribner's, around the corner, as documented in her memoir, Just Kids. She hung out at Gotham Book Mart and they later published her chapbook Witt.
Stephen Spender
Gertrude Stein
Dylan Thomas
John Updike
Rudolph Valentino
Gore Vidal
Jose Garcia Villa
Andy Warhol
Edmund White
Thornton Wilder
Tennessee Williams (worked as clerk at the store, lasting less than a day)

See also
 Books in the United States

References

External links

Bookstores in Manhattan
Independent bookstores of the United States
Antiquarian booksellers
Midtown Manhattan
Retail buildings in New York (state)
Bookstores established in the 20th century
American companies established in 1920
Retail companies established in 1920
Retail companies disestablished in 2007
1920 establishments in New York City
2007 disestablishments in New York (state)
Defunct companies based in New York City
Defunct retail companies of the United States


Jonas Greger Walnum (20 August 1771 – 10 March 1838) was a Norwegian property owner and politician.

Walnum was born at Steigen  in Nordland, Norway. He was the son of Ole Henriksen Walnum (1740-1773) and Else Marie Greger (1746-1812). He inherited property known as Walnumgodset from his father. He resided in the town Sandnessjøen on the island of Alsta where he was an innkeeper and trader.

He married Else Maria Meyer Hersleb (1771-1838), widow of Tøger Pedersen Bech, who was the oldest sister of theologian Svend Borchmann Hersleb. In 1801, Walnum acquired the estate of his father-in-law, Jørgen Sverdrup Hersleb, and settled as proprietary of Nord-Herøy, the largest island in Herøy.  He and his wife were the parents of fifteen children. including two sons who became priests with the Church of Norway. Their eldest son, Jørgen Olaus Hersleb Walnum (1799-1888), became the local chaplain and later took over the family estate on  Nord-Herøy.

Jonas Walnum was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1824, representing the constituency of Nordlands Amt.  He served only one term.

References

1771 births
1838 deaths
Members of the Storting
Nordland politicians


Jay Carl Waldman (November 16, 1944 – May 30, 2003) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania and a former federal judicial nominee to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.

Education and career

Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Waldman received a Bachelor of Science degree in history from University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1966. He received a Bachelor of Laws from University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1969. He was a law clerk for Judge Gwilym A. Price Jr. of the Court of Common Pleas in Pittsburgh from 1969 to 1970. He was in private practice of law in Pittsburgh from 1970 to 1971. He was an Assistant United States Attorney of the Western District of Pennsylvania from 1971 to 1975. He was the Deputy Assistant United States Attorney General of the United States Department of Justice Criminal Division in Washington, D.C., from 1975 to 1977. He was the Director of the Thornburgh for Governor Commission in Philadelphia in 1978. He was a counsel to Governor Dick Thornburgh in Harrisburg from 1979 to 1981. He was the general counsel of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in Harrisburg from 1981 to 1986. He was the Commissioner of the Pennsylvania Convention Center Authority from 1986 to 1988. He was in private practice of law in Philadelphia from 1986 to 1988.

Federal judicial service

Waldman was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on August 3, 1988, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania vacated by Judge Daniel Henry Huyett III. Despite the nomination occurring after the Thurmond Rule, he was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 14, 1988, and received his commission on October 17, 1988. His service was terminated on May 30, 2003, due to death.

First nomination to the Third Circuit

On July 26, 1991, President George H. W. Bush nominated Waldman to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. However, with the Senate Judiciary Committee controlled by Democrats, Waldman's nomination languished, and the committee never acted on the nomination before the end of Bush's presidency. President Bill Clinton chose not to renominate Waldman to the Third Circuit.

Second nomination to the Third Circuit

Just before his death in 2003, Waldman was expected to be renominated to the Third Circuit by President George W. Bush to replace Judge Edward R. Becker. Waldman died about a month after being nominated, which was well before the Senate Judiciary Committee had even begun to take up the nomination. Bush eventually wound up nominating Franklin Van Antwerpen to the seat.

Death
Waldman went on an extended medical leave in January 2003 as he battled lung cancer. Waldman died on May 30, 2003, at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia.

See also
George H. W. Bush judicial appointment controversies

References

Sources

1944 births
2003 deaths
20th-century American lawyers
Assistant United States Attorneys
Judges of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
Lawyers from Pittsburgh
United States district court judges appointed by Ronald Reagan
20th-century American judges
University of Pennsylvania Law School alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni