Frederick Ernest "Ernie" Clark (25 March 1898 – September 1993) was a British track and field athlete. He was born in Morden and known for competing in racewalking of the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924, he finished sixth in the 10 km competition at the Paris Olympics.

References

Sources
Ernie Clark. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2015-01-21.

External links

1898 births
1993 deaths
British male racewalkers
Olympic athletes for Great Britain
Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Athletes from London
English male racewalkers


Sinia is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae first described by Walter Forster in 1940. The species of this genus are found in the far eastern Palearctic realm.

Species
Sinia leechi (Forster, 1940) China
The shijimiaeoides species group
Sinia divina (Fixsen, 1887) Korea, Japan, Amur Oblast, Ussuri  This largest species of the present group is above almost spotted like Scolitantides orion; the underside is more sparsely spotted than in S. orion, but the spots of the forewing beneath are so heavy that they are almost united into a band.
Sinia lanty (Oberthür, 1886) Tibet, western China
S. l. honei (Forster, 1940) Batang, Tibet
S. l. pomena Huang, 1998 western Tibet, southeast Tibet

References

External links

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Walter Forster (entomologist)


Sinocupido is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The genus is monotypic,  containing the single species Sinocupido lokiangensis. The genus and the species were described from China (Xinjiang) in 1963. Very little is known about them.

References

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Monotypic butterfly genera


Pawera is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4914 living in 538 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Sithon is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Indomalayan realm.

Species
Sithon nedymond (Cramer, [1780])
Sithon micea (Hewitson, 1869) Borneo

References

Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Spalgis is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Spalgis are found in the Australasian realm (New Guinea), the Indomalayan realm, and the Afrotropical realm. The genus was erected by Frederic Moore in 1879.

Species
Spalgis asmus Parsons, 1986
Spalgis baiongus Cantlie & Norman, 1960
Spalgis epius (Westwood, [1851])
Spalgis jacksoni Stempffer, 1967
Spalgis lemolea Druce, 1890
Spalgis takanamii Eliot, 1984
Spalgis tintinga (Boisduval, 1833)

References

External links
Images representing Spalgis at Bold

Miletinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore


Stempfferia is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are endemic to the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Subgenus Stempfferia Jackson, 1962
Stempfferia abri Libert & Collins, 1997
Stempfferia carcassoni Jackson, 1962
Subgenus Cercenia Libert, 1999
Stempfferia alba (Jackson, 1962)
Stempfferia annae Libert, 1999
Stempfferia badura (Kirby, 1890)
Stempfferia baoule Libert, 1999
Stempfferia boormani Libert, 1999
Stempfferia bouyeri Libert & Collins, 1999
Stempfferia carcina (Hewitson, 1873)
Stempfferia carilla (Roche, 1954)
Stempfferia cercene (Hewitson, 1873)
Stempfferia cercenoides (Holland, 1890)
Stempfferia ciconia (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1892)
Stempfferia cinerea (Berger, 1981)
Stempfferia coerulea (Jackson, 1962)
Stempfferia congoana (Aurivillius, 1923)
Stempfferia dorothea (Bethune-Baker, 1904)
Stempfferia elissa (Grose-Smith, 1898)
Stempfferia flavoantennata (Roche, 1954)
Stempfferia francisci Libert, 1999
Stempfferia ginettae Libert, 1999
Stempfferia gordoni (Druce, 1903)
Stempfferia ife Libert, 1999
Stempfferia insulana (Aurivillius, 1923)
Stempfferia iturina (Joicey & Talbot, 1921)
Stempfferia jolyana Libert & Bouyer, 1999
Stempfferia katherinae (Poulton, 1929)
Stempfferia kholifa (Bethune-Baker, 1904)
Stempfferia leonina (Staudinger, 1888)
Stempfferia liberti (Collins, 1998)
Stempfferia magnifica (Jackson, 1964)
Stempfferia mara (Talbot, 1935)
Stempfferia marginata (Kirby, 1887)
Stempfferia michelae Libert, 1999
Stempfferia moyambina (Bethune-Baker, 1903)
Stempfferia piersoni Libert & Bouyer, 1999
Stempfferia schultzei Libert, 1999
Stempfferia similis Libert, 1999
Stempfferia staudingeri (Kirby, 1890)
Stempfferia subtumescens Libert, 1999
Stempfferia suzannae (Berger, 1981)
Stempfferia sylviae Libert, 1999
Stempfferia tumentia (Druce, 1910)
Stempfferia uniformis (Kirby, 1887)
Stempfferia zelza (Hewitson, 1873)

References

Poritiinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Thomas Herbert Elliot Jackson


Stilbon may refer to:

 Stilbon (mythology), originally meaning "the gleaming" (Στίλβων), it was the ancient Greek name for the planet Mercury
 Bindahara, alternatively Stilbon, a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae
 Stilbon Planitia, plains in the north of the planet Mercury


Strephonota is a Neotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The genus was erected by Kurt Johnson, George T. Austin, Jean Francois Le Crome and Julián A. Salazar E. in 1997.

Species
Strephonota acameda (Hewitson, 1867)
Strephonota adela (Staudinger, 1888)
Strephonota agrippa (Fabricius, 1793)
Strephonota ambrax (Westwood, 1852)
Strephonota azurinus (Butler & H. Druce, 1872)
Strephonota berardi Faynel & A. Moser, 2011
Strephonota bicolorata Faynel, 2003
Strephonota buechei Faynel & A. Moser, 2011
Strephonota caeruleus Faynel & A. Moser, 2011
Strephonota carteia (Hewitson, 1870)
Strephonota cyllarissus (Herbst, 1800)
Strephonota elika (Hewitson, 1867)
Strephonota ericeta (Hewitson, 1867)
Strephonota falsistrephon Faynel & Brévignon, 2003
Strephonota foyi (Schaus, 1902)
Strephonota jactator (H. H. Druce, 1907)
Strephonota malvania (Hewitson, 1867)
Strephonota parvipuncta (Lathy, 1926)
Strephonota perola (Hewitson, 1867)
Strephonota porphyritis (H. H. Druce, 1907)
Strephonota pulchritudo (H. H. Druce, 1907)
Strephonota purpurantes (H. H. Druce, 1907)
Strephonota sphinx (Fabricius, 1775)
Strephonota strephon (Fabricius, 1775)
Strephonota syedra (Hewitson, 1867)
Strephonota tephraeus (Geyer, 1837)
Strephonota trebonia (Hewitson, 1870)
Strephonota tyriam (H. H. Druce, 1907)

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Strymon is a genus of scrub hairstreak butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It is a highly distinct lineage in the tribe Eumaeini, and was at one time even treated as a monotypic tribe Strymonini. The species of the genus are found in the Nearctic, the Palearctic and the Neotropical realms.

List of species

Strymon acis
Strymon aeroides
Strymon albata
Strymon alea
Strymon aliparops
Strymon amphyporphyra
Strymon andrewi
Strymon arola
Strymon astiocha
Strymon atrofasciata
Strymon avalona
Strymon baptistorum
Strymon basalides
Strymon basilides
Strymon bazochii
Strymon bebrycia
Strymon borus
Strymon bubastus
Strymon buchholzi
Strymon caryaevorus
Strymon cestri
Strymon chlorophora
Strymon clarionensis
Strymon columella
Strymon coolinensis
Strymon coronos
Strymon crambusa
Strymon crossoea
Strymon cyanofusca
Strymon cycnus
Strymon desertorum
Strymon echion
Strymon falacer
Strymon faunalia
Strymon favonius
Strymon fentoni
Strymon flavaria
Strymon fletcheri
Strymon franki
Strymon gerhardi
Strymon godarti
Strymon golbachi
Strymon humuli
Strymon hyperici
Strymon ilicis
Strymon istapa
Strymon lacyi
Strymon lariyojoa
Strymon limenia
Strymon liparops
Strymon lorrainea
Strymon lynceus
Strymon martialis
Strymon maura
Strymon melinus
Strymon montanensis
Strymon mulucha
Strymon nicolayi
Strymon obsoleta
Strymon pan
Strymon peristictos
Strymon provo
Strymon pruina
Strymon pruni
Strymon rhaptos
Strymon rufofusca
Strymon serapio
Strymon setonia
Strymon silenus non Fabricius, 1775
Strymon souhegan
Strymon spini
Strymon strigosa
Strymon yojoa
Strymon ziba

External links

"Strymon Hübner, 1818" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Butterflies of North America
Butterflies of Central America
Butterflies of the Caribbean
Lycaenidae of South America
Eumaeini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Phulbari is a village in Dhangadhi sub-metropolitan city and former village development committee in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 20,508 living in 3,844 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Stugeta is an Afrotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The genus was erected by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1891.

Species
Stugeta bowkeri (Trimen, 1864)
Stugeta carpenteri Stempffer, 1946
Stugeta marmoreus (Butler, 1866)
Stugeta mimetica Aurivillius, 1916
Stugeta occidentalis Stempffer & Bennett, 1958
Stugeta somalina Stempffer, 1946
Stugeta subinfuscata Grünberg, 1910

References

Iolaini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Hamilton Herbert Druce


Suasa is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae erected by Lionel de Nicéville in 1890. Its only species, Suasa lisides, the red imperial, was first described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1863. It is a small butterfly found in India.

See also
List of butterflies of India (Lycaenidae)

References

External links
 With images.

Butterflies of Asia
Monotypic butterfly genera
Iolaini
Taxa named by Lionel de Nicéville
Lycaenidae genera


Subsolanoides is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Subsolanoides nagata, which is endemic to China.

References

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Monotypic butterfly genera


Pratapur is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9217 living in 1278 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipal

Populated places in Kailali District


Sukidion is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae erected by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1891. Its only species, Sukidion inores, was first described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1872. It is endemic to Borneo.

References

Iolaini
Butterflies of Borneo
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by Hamilton Herbert Druce
Lycaenidae genera


Robert Harrison Comber (1816 – 28 May 1858) was an English cricketer who played for Surrey. He was born in Mitcham and died in Nottingham; his precise date of birth is unknown.

Comber made a single first-class appearance, in 1851, against Sussex. Batting as a tailender, he scored 3 runs in the first innings in which he batted and 17 in the second.

External links
Robert Comber at CricketArchive

1816 births
1858 deaths
English cricketers
Surrey cricketers


Morton Bailey (7 May 1843 – 6 March 1926) was an English cricketer.  He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Surrey. He was born and died in Mitcham.

Bayley made a single first-class appearance, in 1866, against Lancashire. Batting as a tailender, he scored 8 not out in the only innings in which he batted, as the game concluded in a draw.

Bayley's uncle, John, played first-class cricket for Middlesex, Marylebone Cricket Club and Surrey.

External links
 Morton Bailey at Cricket Archive

1843 births
1926 deaths
English cricketers
Surrey cricketers


Alfred Christy (17 January 1818 – 23 March 1876) was an English cricketer who played for Surrey. He was born in Southwark and died in "Aperfield Court", Sevenoaks, Kent.

Christy made a single first-class appearance, in 1857, against Cambridgeshire. Batting as a tailender, he scored a duck in each innings in which he batted.

Christy's brother Frederick played three first-class matches in the 1840s.

External links
Alfred Christy at Cricket Archive

1818 births
1876 deaths
English cricketers
Surrey cricketers


Surendra is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It belongs to the subfamily Theclinae often called hairstreaks. It is often grouped into the tribe Arhopalini along with its sister genera Arhopala, Flos and Semanga. The genus is sometimes known by the common name acacia blues in reflection of the host plant of the larvae.

Species
Surendra quercetorum (Moore, 1857)
Surendra vivarna (Horsfield, 1829)
Surendra florimel Doherty, 1889
Surendra manilana (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Range
The species resides in Sri Lanka, India, China, Indochina, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Borneo, Philippines and  Sulawesi.

References

Arhopalini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore


Ramsikhar Jhala is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 7503 living in 1008 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


William Levi Draycott (15 February 1869 – May 1943) was an English footballer who played as a right half for Burslem Port Vale, Stoke, Burton Wanderers, Newton Heath, Bedminster, Bristol Rovers, Wellingborough and Luton Town in the 1890s and early 1900s.

Career
Draycott probably joined Burslem Port Vale in summer 1890. He made his debut at the Athletic Ground in a 2–1 friendly defeat to West Bromwich Albion on 29 September 1890. He made nine appearances for the club, scoring two goals, and was a member of the side that shared the North Staffordshire Charity Challenge Cup in 1891.

He transferred to local rivals Stoke in June 1891, where he played in just two the Football League matches in three seasons at the Victoria Ground. He then spent the 1894–95 and 1895–96 seasons with Football League newcomers Burton Wanderers, scoring three goals in 50 league games.

He joined Newton Heath in May 1896. He scored five goals in 1896–97 to help the club secure second place in the Second Division; however they lost to Sunderland in the promotion/relegation Test Match. Newton Heath then finished fourth in 1897–98 and 1898–99, with Draycott scoring on only one further occasion. Over three years he made 91 appearances for the Manchester club before transferring to Bedminster in 1899. Bedminster finished sixth in the Southern League in 1899–1900. He then spent the 1900–01 campaign with rivals Bristol Rovers, before moving on to Wellingborough and Luton Town.

Career statistics
Source:

Honours
Burslem Port Vale
North Staffordshire Charity Challenge Cup: 1891

References

1869 births
People from Swadlincote
People from Newhall, Derbyshire
Footballers from Derbyshire
English men's footballers
Men's association football wing halves
Port Vale F.C. players
Stoke City F.C. players
Burton Wanderers F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Bedminster F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
Wellingborough Town F.C. players
Luton Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Southern Football League players
1943 deaths


Symbiopsis is a Neotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Symbiopsis aprica (Möschler, 1883)
Symbiopsis lenitas (Druce, 1907)
Symbiopsis morpho Nicolay, 1971
Symbiopsis nivepunctata (Druce, 1907)
Symbiopsis panamensis (Draudt, 1920)
Symbiopsis pencilatus Johnson & Le Crom, 1997
Symbiopsis pentas Nicolay, 1971
Symbiopsis perulera Robbins, 2004
Symbiopsis pupilla (Draudt, 1920)
Symbiopsis rickmani (Schaus, 1902)
Symbiopsis strenua (Hewitson, 1877)
Symbiopsis tanais (Godman & Salvin, [1887])

References

External links
Images representing Symbiopsis at Butterflies of the Americas

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Ratnapur is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5410 living in 506 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Syrmoptera is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. They are found in the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Syrmoptera amasa (Hewitson, 1869)
Syrmoptera bonifacei Stempffer, 1961
Syrmoptera caritas Libert, 2004
Syrmoptera homeyerii (Dewitz, 1879)
Syrmoptera melanomitra Karsch, 1895
Syrmoptera mixtura (Hulstaert, 1924)

References

Theclinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Ferdinand Karsch


The women's épée A wheelchair fencing competition at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held on 15 September at the Olympic Green Convention Center.

The competition began with a preliminary stage where fencers were divided into two pools and played a round robin tournament.
In this stage, the winner of a bout was the first person to score five hits or the person with the highest score at the end of four minutes.
Next was a knock-out stage, where fencers competed in three three-minute bouts with a one-minute break between each.
The winner was the first to reach fifteen hits, or the one with the highest score at the end of the last bout.
In the event of a tie, another one-minute bout was held, with the winner being the first to score a hit.

The event was won by Zhang Chuncui, representing .

Results

Preliminaries

Pool A

Pool B

Competition bracket

References

Wheelchair fencing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Para


Tajuria is an Indomalayan genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Tajuria alangani  Schröder, Treadaway & Nuyda, 1993 Philippines
Tajuria albiplaga  de Nicéville, 1887
Tajuria androconia Z.G. Wang & Y. Niu, 2002
Tajuria arida Riley, 1923
Tajuria berenis  Druce, 1896
Tajuria cippus (Fabricius, 1798)
Tajuria caelurea  Nire, 1926
Tajuria culta (de Nicéville, [1896])
Tajuria cyrillus (Hewitson, 1865)
Tajuria deudorix (Hewitson, 1869)
Tajuria diaeus (Hewitson, 1865)
Tajuria discalis  Fruhstorfer, 1897
Tajuria dominus  Druce, 1895
Tajuria gui  Chou & Wang, 1994 China
Tajuria iapyx (Hewitson, 1865)
Tajuria igolotiana (Murayama & Okamura, 1973) Philippines
Tajuria illurgioides  de Nicéville, 1890  North India, Assam, Sikkim
Tajuria illurgis (Hewitson, 1869)
Tajuria inexpectata  Eliot, 1973 Sumatra, Borneo, Peninsular Malaya
Tajuria isaeus (Hewitson, 1865)
Tajuria ister (Hewitson, 1865)
Tajuria jalajala (C. & R. Felder, 1865)
Tajuria jehana  Moore, [1884]
Tajuria luculentus (Leech, 1890)
Tajuria lucullus  Druce, 1904 Borneo
Tajuria maculata (Hewitson, 1865)
Tajuria mantra (C. & R. Felder, 1860)
Tajuria matsutaroi  Hayashi, 1984
Tajuria megistia (Hewitson, 1869)
Tajuria melastigma  de Nicéville, 1887
Tajuria mizunumai H. Hayashi, 1978
Tajuria ogyges (de Nicéville, 1895)
Tajuria sebonga  Tytler, 1915 Manipur
Tajuria sunia  Moulton, 1911 Peninsular Malaya
Tajuria yajna (Doherty, 1886)

References

, 1897. Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem Malayischen Archipel Societas Entomologica  12(7):  49-50.
 , 2011: A new subspecies of Tajuria matsutaroi (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Leyte Is., the Philippines. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan 62(1): 33-34. Abstract: .
 , 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 1967, Suppl. 9.
 , 1881. Lepidoptera of Ceylon Volume 1. L. Reeve & Co., London. 190 pp. 71 pls.
  & , 1996. a study of Tajuria discalis Fruhstorfer, 1897 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) from Indonesia. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan 47: 83-92.
  1996: A new subspecies of the genus Tajuria from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Wallace 2: 6-7.
 , 1999: Zur kenntnis philippinischer Lycaenidae, 11. (Lepidoptera). Entomologische Zeitschrift 109 (4): 145-154.
 , 2006: Tajuria diaeus (Hewitson) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) from North Sumatra with a description of a new subspecies. Butterflies (Teinopalpus) 43: 30-31.
 , 2012: Revised checklist of the butterflies of the Philippine Islands (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, Suppl. 20: 1-64.

External links
 Images representing  Tajuria  at Consortium for the Barcode of Life

Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore


Talicada is an Indomalayan genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Talicada nyseus (Guérin-Méneville, 1843) – Red Pierrot
Talicada metana  Riley & Godfrey, 1921 Thailand
Talicada buruana  Holland, 1900 Buru

External links
Funet

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore


Taraka is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae that inhabit the East Asian Palearctic and Indomalayan realms. It includes the species Taraka hamada,  Taraka mahanetra de Nicéville, (Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra, Thailand) and Taraka shiloi Tamai & Guo, 2001 Sichuan.

References

Funet

Miletinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Doherty


Tartesa is an Australasian realm genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Tartesa astarte  (Butler, 1882)
Tartesa ugiensis  (Druce, 1891)

References

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera


Sadepani is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 10729 living in 1537 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Telipna is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are endemic to the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Telipna acraea (Westwood, [1851])
Telipna acraeoides  (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1890)
Telipna albofasciata  Aurivillius, 1910
Telipna atrinervis  Hulstaert, 1924
Telipna aurivillii  Rebel, 1914
Telipna cameroonensis  Jackson, 1969
Telipna centralis  Libert, 2005
Telipna citrimaculata  Schultze, 1916
Telipna consanguinea  Rebel, 1914
Telipna cuypersi  Libert, 2005
Telipna ducarmei  Libert, 2005
Telipna erica  Suffert, 1904
Telipna hollandi  Joicey & Talbot, 1921
Telipna ja  Bethune-Baker, 1926
Telipna kaputui  Libert, 2005
Telipna kayonza  Jackson, 1969
Telipna kigoma  Kielland, 1978
Telipna nyanza  Neave, 1904
Telipna plagiata  Joicey & Talbot, 1921
Telipna rothi  (Grose-Smith, 1898)
Telipna rufilla  (Grose-Smith, 1901)
Telipna ruspinoides  Schultze, 1923
Telipna sanguinea  (Plötz, 1880)
Telipna semirufa  (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1889)
Telipna sheffieldi  Bethune-Baker, 1926
Telipna sulpitia  Hulstaert, 1924
Telipna transverstigma  Druce, 1910
Telipna villiersi  Stempffer, 1965

References

 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 61

Poritiinae
Taxa named by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius
Lycaenidae genera


Temecla is a genus of Neotropical hairstreak butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Temecla tema  (Hewitson, 1867)  Brazil (Amazon), Colombia.
Temecla paron  (Godman & Salvin, [1887])  Guatemala.
Temecla heraclides  (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
Temecla sergius  (Godman & Salvin, [1887]) Venezuela, Colombia.
Temecla bennetti  (Dyar, 1913) Peru
Temecla peona  (Hewitson, 1874)

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Teratoneura is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, endemic to the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Teratoneura congoensis Stempffer, 1954
Teratoneura isabellae Dudgeon, 1909

References

 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 65 c

Poritiinae
Lycaenidae genera


Teratozephyrus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.(Theclini) It is an East
Palearctic (China, Taiwan, North Indochina) species associated with Quercus.

Species
Teratozephyrus arisanus (Wileman, 1909) Taiwan, Yunnan.Includes T. a. picquenardi (Oberthür, 1914) and T. a. kachinus Koiwaya, 2000  Myanmar
Teratozephyrus zhejiangensis Chou & Tong, 1994 Zhejiang
Teratozephyrus hecale (Leech, 1894) Tibet, West China.
Teratozephyrus chibahieyukii Fujioka, 1994 China, Szechwan, Kuan-Hsien, north west of Cheng-tu.
Teratozephyrus florianii Bozano, 1996 = Hayashikeia florianii  Bozano, 1996  China, W. Sichuan, Kangding.
Teratozephyrus hinomaru Fujioka, 1994 China, Szechwan, Nanchuan, Chin-fo-shan, 1600-1800 m.
Teratozephyrus kimurai Koiwaya, 2002 Vietnam
Teratozephyrus muroyai Fujioka, 2003 = Teratozephyrus kimurai
Teratozephyrus nuwai Koiwaya, 1996 China Gansu, Tianshui (1700m).
Teratozephyrus tsukiyamahiroshii Fujioka, 1994 Vietnam

References

Theclini
Lycaenidae genera


Terenthina is a Neotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Terenthina terentia (Hewitson, 1868)
Terenthina bradyae (D'Abrera, 1995)

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Sahajpur is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5847 living in 987 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Teriomima is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Teriomima is endemic to the Afrotropics.

Species
Subgenus Teriomima
Teriomima puella Kirby, 1887
Teriomima puellaris Trimen, 1894
Teriomima subpunctata Kirby, 1887
Teriomima williami Henning & Henning, 2004
Teriomima zuluana van Son, 1949
Subgenus Chrystina Henning & Henning, 2004
Teriomima micra (Grose-Smith, 1898)
Teriomima parva Hawker-Smith, 1933

External links
Teriomima at funet

Poritiinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Forsell Kirby


Karl Walter Anderson (November 5, 1900 – February 28, 1989) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1924 he finished fifth in the 110 metre hurdles competition at the Paris Games.

References

External links

1900 births
1989 deaths
American male hurdlers
Olympic track and field athletes for the United States
Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics
South High School (Minnesota) alumni
20th-century American sportsmen


Tetrarhanis is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are  endemic to the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Tetrarhanis baralingam (Larsen, 1998)
Tetrarhanis diversa (Bethune-Baker, 1904)
Tetrarhanis ilala (Riley, 1929)
Tetrarhanis ilma (Hewitson, 1873)
Tetrarhanis laminifer Clench, 1965
Tetrarhanis nubifera (Druce, 1910)
Tetrarhanis ogojae (Stempffer, 1961)
Tetrarhanis okwangwo Larsen, 1998
Tetrarhanis onitshae (Stempffer, 1962)
Tetrarhanis rougeoti (Stempffer, 1954)
Tetrarhanis schoutedeni (Berger, 1954)
Tetrarhanis simplex (Aurivillius, 1895)
Tetrarhanis souanke (Stempffer, 1962)
Tetrarhanis stempfferi (Berger, 1954)
Tetrarhanis symplocus Clench, 1965

References

Poritiinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Ferdinand Karsch


Thaduka is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, the blues. It is monotypic, containing only the species Thaduka multicaudata, the many-tailed oak-blue, which is found in India, Burma and Indochina.

Description

Gallery

References

Arhopalini
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore
Lycaenidae genera


Sripur is a Village Development Committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. The formerly Malakheti, Sripur, Beladevipur, Geta Village Development Committees were merged to form the new municipality since 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8430 residing in 1180 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Thaeides is a Neotropical genus of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.

Species

Thaeides theia  (Hewitson, 1870)  Ecuador, Brazil(Rio de Janeiro)
Thaeides muela  (Dyar, 1913)  Peru
Thaeides goleta  (Hewitson, 1877)  Colombia
Thaeides xavieri  (Le Crom & Johnson, 1997)  Colombia
Thaeides pyrczi  (Johnson, Le Crom & Constantino, 1997)  Venezuela.

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Thamala is an Indomalayan genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Thamala marciana (Hewitson, 1863)
Thamala moultoni Corbet, 1942 Borneo

References

Loxurini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore


Thaumaina is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It is monotypic, containing the single species Thaumaina uranothauma.

References

External links
"Thaumaina Bethune-Baker, 1908" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Polyommatini
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by George Thomas Bethune-Baker
Lycaenidae genera


Theclinesthes is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Australasian realm.

Species
Theclinesthes albocincta (Waterhouse, 1903)
Theclinesthes eremicola (Röber, 1891)
Theclinesthes hesperia Sibatani & Grund, 1978
Theclinesthes miskini (Lucas, 1889)
Theclinesthes onycha (Hewitson, 1865)
Theclinesthes serpentata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
Theclinesthes sulpitius (Miskin, 1890)

References

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera


Theclopsis is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm.

Species
Theclopsis demea (Hewitson, 1874) Nicaragua, Panama
Theclopsis lydus (Hübner, [1819]) Surinam, French Guiana, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil
Theclopsis murex (Druce, 1907) Brazil(Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro)
Theclopsis leos (Schaus, 1913) Costa Rica
Theclopsis epidius (Godman & Salvin, [1887]) Panama, Colombia
Theclopsis gargara (Hewitson, 1868) Brazil (Pará), Colombia, Panama.
Theclopsis mycon (Godman & Salvin, [1887]) Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Colombia, Amazonas
Theclopsis aurina Robbins, 2002 Colombia

External links
"Theclopsis Godman & Salvin, [1887]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederick DuCane Godman
Taxa named by Osbert Salvin


Theorema is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.
The members (species) of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm.

Species
Theorema eumenia  Hewitson, 1865  Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama.
Theorema sapho  (Staudinger, 1888)  Colombia
Theorema dysmenia  Draudt, 1919 Colombia.

References

Further reading

Funet

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Chapman Hewitson


Sugarkhal is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9599 living in 1634 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Thepytus  is a Neotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Thepytus epytus (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
Thepytus thyrea (Hewitson, 1867)
Thepytus arindela (Hewitson, 1874)
Thepytus echelta (Hewitson, 1867)

References

External links
Images representing Thepytus at EOL
Images representing Theptyus at Consortium for the Barcode of Life

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Thereus is a genus of gossamer-winged butterflies (family Lycaenidae). Among these, it belongs belong to the tribe Eumaeini of the subfamily Theclinae. These small butterflies occur essentially all over the Neotropics.

Classification
Though this genus was first proposed long ago, for much of the time Thereus was included in the "wastebin genus" Thecla. However, the two genera are not particularly close relatives among their subfamily. In recent times, it has been proposed to remove several species from Thereus to smaller or even monotypic genera. While this might be warranted in some cases, it is not followed here pending more thorough study.

The junior synonyms of Thereus are thus:
 Molus Hübner, [1819]
 Noreena K.Johnson, MacPherson & Ingraham, 1986
 Pedusa D'Abrera, 2001 (may be nomen nudum)
 Solanorum Johnson, 1992
 Timokla Johnson, Kruse & Kroenlein, 1997

Species
The following named species are placed in Thereus at present:

 Thereus brocki Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015
 Thereus caltha (Druce, 1907)
 Thereus cithonius (Godart, [1824]) (type species of Noreena)
 Thereus columbicola (Strand, 1916)
 Thereus endera (Hewitson, 1867)
 Thereus enenia (Hewitson, 1867) (tentatively placed here)
 Thereus eryssus (Herbst, 1800)
 Thereus gabathana (Strand, 1918)
 Thereus genena (Hewitson, 1867)
 Thereus guianivaga (Johnson, 1989)
 Thereus illex (Schaus, 1902)
 Thereus ismarus (Cramer, [1777]) (type species of Molus)
 Thereus lausus (Cramer, [1779])
 Thereus lomalarga Robbins, Heredia & Busby, 2015
 Thereus lutzi (Huntington, 1932)
 Thereus molena (E. D. Jones, 1912)
 Thereus oppia (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
 Thereus orasus (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
 Thereus ortalus (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
 Thereus pedusa (Hewitson, 1867) (type species of "Pedusa")
 Thereus praxis (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
 Thereus pseudarcula (Giacomelli, 1914) (type species of Solanorum)
 Thereus tiasa (Hewitson, 1869)
 Thereus timoclea (Hewitson, 1870)
 Thereus wojtusiaki Bálint, 2006

In addition, a number of as yet undescribed butterflies are suspected to belong here too:
 Thereus sp. 'Amazonia'
 Thereus sp. 'Bahia'
 Thereus sp. 'Guatemala'
 Thereus sp. 'Ecuador 1'
 Thereus sp. 'Ecuador 2'
 Thereus sp. 'Panama 1'
 Thereus sp. 'Panama 2'
 ?Thereus sp. 'Panama 3' (tentatively placed here)
 Thereus sp. 'Peru'

Footnotes

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Theritas is a genus of gossamer-winged butterflies (family Lycaenidae) found in the Neotropics. Among the tribe Eumaeini of its subfamily Theclinae, it is usually placed in the group around the genus Atlides. In particular, it seems most closely related to Arcas.

Description

Theritas species are large among the Eumaeini but altogether still smallish butterflies. They typically have a pennant-like hindwing "tail" which projects outwards at an approximate right angle from the squared-off edge of the tapered tornal area. A smaller tail is located slightly more forward on the hindwing. The upperwings of these butterflies are largely or entirely colored brilliant blue. But these traits – as opposed to the androconia pouches discussed below – are also found in several other Eumaeini, which have been included in this genus but do not really appear to belong here.

Like Arcas, they have androconia (scent scales) on the hindwing upperside near the base of the cubital vein; these are autapomorphically tucked away in a flat deep pouch in space 1b between the wing veins. Some species also have androconia on the forewings, but it needs to be clarified whether these are indeed Theritas sensu stricto. The hindwing underside is brownish in these butterflies, with a subbasal line running between the subcosta and the anal vein branch of the cubital vein. This genus has some sexual dichromatism in that the males show green iridescence of the blue upperwing color. By comparison, Arcas has golden-green hindwing undersides dusted with black, with a black band running roughly parallel to the distal wing margin, longer tails, and lacks sexual dichromatism. The female genitals have a long, straight and tubular genital duct with a plain anal end in the type species T. mavors, but variation within the genus is insufficiently studied.

Species

There have been 2 major competing taxonomic schemes for this genus in the late 20th century. The traditional view delimits the genus loosely, with about 30 species. A more recent proposal restricts the genus to 6-8 valid species, which all possess the typical apomorphies and can be divided into three species groups or superspecies:

mavors group
 Theritas kalikimaka (Clench, 1944) (sometimes included in T. mavors)
 Theritas lotis (Goodson, 1945) (sometimes included in T. mavors)
 Theritas mavors Hübner, 1818
paupera group Theritas drucei (Lathy, 1926)
 Theritas gozmanyi (Bálint, Wojtusiak, Kerstész & Biró, 2007)
 Theritas harrietta (Weeks, 1901)
 Theritas paupera (C.Felder & R.Felder, 1865)triquetra'' group
 Theritas triquetra (Hewitson, 1865)

Provisionally placed here

A number of species are usually placed in Theritas, but apparently will have to be split off if the genus is to be a monophyletic group. "T." anna for example might be closer to Brangas and Evenus or even belong in the latter, while "T." deniva and some allies could just as well be closer to Micandra and Penaincisalia than to Theritas proper.  All in all, it is not unlikely that some of the genera nowadays considered junior synonyms of Theritas turn out to be valid. Several of the proposed genera are monotypic, and thus perhaps least likely to be valid. One of these has been argued to be nomen nudum per Article 13.1 of the ICZN Code, because an appropriate genus description was not given; the matter has been submitted to the ICZN for discussion. That all nonwithstanding, species provisionally placed in Theritas are:

 Theritas acontius (Goodson, 1945)
 Theritas adamsi (Druce, 1909) (close to "T." deniva?)
 Theritas anna (Druce, 1907) (type species of Aveexcrenota; including A. mimianna)
 Theritas arene (Goodson, 1945)
 Theritas augustinula (Goodson, 1845)
 Theritas augustula (Kirby, 1877)
 Theritas boliboyeri (Bálint & Wojtusiak, 2006)
 Theritas chalumna (Schaus, 1902)
 Theritas crines (Druce, 1907) (type species of "Lucilda")
 Theritas curitibaensis (Johnson, 1992)
 Theritas danaus (C. & R.Felder, [1865]) (type species of Margaritheclus)
 Theritas deniva (Hewitson, 1874) (type species of Denivia)
 Theritas hemon (Cramer, [1775]) (close to "T." deniva?)
 Theritas lisus (Stoll, 1790)
 Theritas margaritacea (Draudt, 1919)
 Theritas monica (Hewitson, 1867)
 Theritas phegeus (Hewitson, 1865)
 Theritas theocritus (Fabricius, 1793)
 Theritas viresco (Druce, 1907)

In addition, there are at least three more undescribed species placed here: one from Santa Catarina state in Brazil and two from the Andes of Peru. It is unknown whether they are indeed Theritas sensu stricto. T. drucei and T. triquetra as well as some species of the disputed assemblage are known from Santa Catarina or its surroundings, while the rest of the paupera group but also many other related Lycaenidae are found in the Andes.

Footnotes

References

  (2006): Comments on the systematics and natural history of Aveexcrenota, a genus of rare Andean eumaeine Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera). Acta Zool. Acad. Sci. Hung. 52(3): 331–352. PDF fulltext
  (2007): The description of Theritas gozmanyi from the Andes and its spectroscopic characterization with some notes on the genus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini). Acta Zool. Acad. Sci. Hung.'' 53(Supplement 1): 211–224. PDF fulltext
  (2008): Tree of Life Web Project – Theritas. Version of 2008-MAR-24. Retrieved 2009-FEB-18.
  (2011): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Theritas. Version of December 24, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2012.

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Thermoniphas is an Afrotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Thermoniphas alberici (Dufrane, 1945)
Thermoniphas albocaerulea  Stempffer, 1956
Thermoniphas bibundana  (Grünberg, 1910)
Thermoniphas caerulea  Stempffer, 1956
Thermoniphas colorata  (Ungemach, 1932)
Thermoniphas distincta  (Talbot, 1935)
Thermoniphas fontainei  Stempffer, 1956
Thermoniphas fumosa  Stempffer, 1952
Thermoniphas kamitugensis  (Dufrane, 1945)
Thermoniphas kigezi  Stempffer, 1956
Thermoniphas leucocyanea  Clench, 1961
Thermoniphas micylus (Cramer, 1780)
Thermoniphas plurilimbata  Karsch, 1895
Thermoniphas stempfferi  Clench, 1961
Thermoniphas togara  (Plötz, 1880)

References

 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 74

Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Ferdinand Karsch


Thapapur is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9,909 living in 1,295 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Thestius is a genus of hairstreak butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm.

Species
Thestius pholeus (Cramer, [1777])
Thestius selina (Hewitson, 1869)
Thestius meridionalis (Draudt, 1870)
Thestius epopea (Hewitson, 1870)
Thestius azaria (Hewitson, 1867)
Thestius lycabas (Cramer, [1777])

References

External links
"Thestius Hübner, [1819]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Thrix is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae first described by William Doherty in 1891. Its one species is Thrix scopula, which was first described by Herbert Druce in 1873. It is found in the Indomalayan realm (in Borneo, Thailand, Sumatra and Peninsular Malaya).

Subspecies
T. s. scopula Borneo, Sumatra
T. s. nisibis (de Nicéville, 1895) Peninsular Malaya
T. s. elioti Takanami, 1989 Nias Island

References

Iolaini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Doherty
Monotypic butterfly genera


Timaeta is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm.

Species
Timaeta aepea (Hewitson, 1874)
Timaeta balzabamba (Goodson, 1945)
Timaeta christina Robbins & Busby, 2008
Timaeta cospata Robbins & Busby, 2008
Timaeta eronos (Druce, 1890)
Timaeta gabriela Busby & Robbins, 2008
Timaeta matthewi Busby & Robbins, 2008
Timaeta molinopampa (Bálint & Wojtusiak, 2000)
Timaeta pilosa Robbins & Busby, 2008
Timaeta roberti Busby & Robbins, 2008
Timaeta romero Robbins & Busby, 2008
Timaeta timaeus (C. & R.Felder, 1865)
Timaeta trochus (Druce, 1907)
Timaeta walkeri Robbins & Busby, 2008
Timaeta werneri (Salazar, Vélez, Cardona & Johnson, 1997)

External links
"Timaeta Johnson, Kruse & Kroenlein, 1997" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Tikapur () is a Municipality in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal that was established in January 1997. Tikapur Municipality was further expanded on 10 March 2017 through merger with the two former Village development committees Narayanpur and Dansinhapur. It lies on the bank of Karnali River.

Demographics
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Tikapur Municipality had a population of 76,940. Of these, 41.2% spoke Tharu, 36.3% Nepali, 16.4% Achhami, 1.6% Doteli, 1.5% Magar, 0.7% Hindi, 0.6% Bhojpuri, 0.5% Maithili, 0.2% Dadeldhuri, 0.2% Dailekhi, 0.2% Newar, 0.1% Jumli, 0.1% Raji, 0.1% Tamang, 0.1% Thakali, 0.1% Urdu and 0.1% other languages as their first language.

In terms of ethnicity/caste, 41.8% were Tharu, 22.6% Chhetri, 10.5% Hill Brahmin, 7.8% Kami, 4.2% Thakuri, 3.4% other Dalit, 3.1% Magar, 2.1% Damai/Dholi, 0.6% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.5% Lohar, 0.5% Musalman, 0.4% Mallaha, 0.4% Newar, 0.4% Sarki, 0.3% Badi, 0.2% Kurmi, 0.1% Gurung, 0.1% Kathabaniyan, 0.1% Kumal, 0.1% Meche, 0.1% Rai, 0.1% Rajbanshi, 0.1% Raji, 0.1% Tamang, 0.1% other Terai, 0.1% Thakali, 0.1% Thami and 0.1% others.

In terms of religion, 94.6% were Hindu, 4.0% Christian, 0.8% Buddhist, 0.5% Muslim and 0.1% others.

In terms of literacy, 67.1% could read and write, 2.3% could only read and 30.6% could neither read nor write.

Tikapur is 3rd largest city in Sudurpashchim Province after Dhangadhi and Bhimdutta (formerly Mahendranagar).

Transportation
Tikapur Airport is an out-of-service airport that lies in Tikapur.

Gallery

Mayoral Election

Deputy Mayor Election

References

External links
 UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District
Nepal municipalities established in 1997
Municipalities in Kailali District


Titea is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species include:
Titea caerula Tite, 1963
Titea extensa Bethune-Baker, 1906
Titea sublutea Tite, 1963

References

Luciini
Lycaenidae genera


Tmolus is a Neotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The genus was erected by Jacob Hübner in 1819.

Species
Tmolus crolinus Butler & H. Druce, 1872
Tmolus cydrara (Hewitson, 1868)
Tmolus echion (Linnaeus, 1767)
Tmolus mutina (Hewitson, 1867)
Tmolus ufentina (Hewitson, 1868)
Tmolus venustus (H. H. Druce, 1907)

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Tongeia is a Palearctic genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae found in temperate East Asia. Most species are endemic to China and many species are recently described from China. The best known species is the more widely distributed Tongeia fischeri (Fischer's blue).

Species
 Tongeia amplifascia Huang, 2001
 Tongeia arata Yakovlev, 2009
 Tongeia arcana (Leech, 1890)
 Tongeia bella Huang, 2001
 Tongeia bisudu Zhdanko & Yakovlev, 2001
 Tongeia burte Churkin, 2003
 Tongeia confusa Huang, 2003
 Tongeia davidi (Poujade, 1884)
 Tongeia dongchuanensis H. Huang & Z. Chen, 2006
 Tongeia filicaudis (Pryer, 1877)
 Tongeia fischeri (Eversmann, 1843) Fischer's blue
 Tongeia germani Yakovlev, 2004
 Tongeia hainani (Bethune-Baker, 1914)
 Tongeia ion (Leech, 1891)
 Tongeia kala de Nicéville, 1890)
 Tongeia menpae Huang, 1998
 Tongeia minima Shou & Yuan, 2006
 Tongeia potanini (Alphéraky, 1889)
 Tongeia pseudozuthus Huang, 2001
 Tongeia shaolinensis Z.G. Wang & Y. Niu, 2002
 Tongeia zuthus (Leech, 1893)

See also
List of butterflies of China (Lycaenidae)

External links

"Tongeia Tutt, [1908]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms
Jeratthitikul, E. Yago, M. Shizuya, H. Yokoyama, J. Tsutomu, H. 2011 " Life history and morphology of the black cupid butterfly, Tongeia kala (de Nicéville) (Lycaenidae), from Myanmar", pdf, Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by J. W. Tutt


Toxochitona is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are endemic to the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Toxochitona ankole Stempffer, 1967
Toxochitona gerda (Kirby, 1890)
Toxochitona sankuru Stempffer, 1961
Toxochitona vansomereni (Stempffer, 1954)

References

 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 62

Poritiinae
Lycaenidae genera


Udasipur is a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5320 living in 579 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Trichiolaus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.It is now a subgenus of Iolaus.

Lycaenidae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius


Trichonis is a Neotropical genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

One species, Trichonis immaculata, is a small blue butterfly found in the West Indies. The outer edges of the forewings are dark blue with the remainder of the wings being a light blue. They are about 30 mm wide and 25 mm long.

Other species share the "dark around the edges" effect.

Species
Trichonis hyacinthus (Cramer, [1775])
Trichonis immaculata Lathy, 1930

References

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Chapman Hewitson


Urma was a village development committee in Kailali District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. It was merged into Dhangadhi in 2015. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 7,997, living in 845 individual households.

References

External links
UN map of the municipalities of Kailali District

Populated places in Kailali District


Tumerepedes is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, endemic to the Afrotropical realm. It consists of only one species, Tumerepedes flava, the Nigerian buff, which is found in northern Nigeria. The habitat consists of riverine forests.

References

Poritiinae
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by George Thomas Bethune-Baker
Lycaenidae genera


Turanana is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the east Palearctic from Greece to Central Asia.

Species
Turanana anisophthalma (Kollar, [1849]) Kopet-Dagh Mountains, West Pamirs, Iran (Elburs Mountains, Zagros Mountains), Afghanistan (Hindu Kush)
Turanana chitrali Charmeux & Pagès, 2004 Pakistan (Zani Pass)
Turanana cytis (Christoph, 1877)
Turanana dushak Dubatolov, 1989 Kopet-Dagh Mountains
Turanana endymion (Freyer, 1850)
Turanana grumi Forster, 1937 Pamirs, Northeast Hindu Kush
Turanana jurileontyi Shchetkin, 1986 Turkenstansky Mountains
Turanana kugitangi Zhdanko, 1984 Armenia (mountains), Kopet-Dagh Mountains, South Ghissar
Turanana laspura (Evans, 1932) Turkestansky Mountains, Ghissar, Darvaz, Pamirs, Alai, NorthWest Himalaya
Turanana mystica Morgun & Tikhonov, 2010 Daghestan
Turanana panaegides (Staudinger, 1886) Ghissar, West Tian-Shan, Inner Tian-Shan, Alai, Pamirs, Hindu Kush
Turanana taygetica (Rebel, 1902)

References

 , 2011: Deux nouveaux Polyommatini du Tadjikistan : Turanana laspura panjensis ssp. nova et Agriades pheretiades ishkashimensis ssp. nova (Lepidoptera : Lycaenidae). Les Lépidoptéristes de France 20 (48): 7–13.
 , 2004: A new species of the genus Turanana from Pakistan (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Phegea 32 (2): 63–69. PDF.
 , 2005: Revision of the Turanana endymion species-group (Lycaenidae). Nota Lepidopterologica 27 (4): 251–272. Full Article: .
 , 2006: Additional revisionary actions and corrections in the Turanana endymion species-group (Lycaenidae). Nota Lepidopterologica 29 (1/2): 17–25. Full Article: .
 , 2010: Turanana mystica spec. nov., a new lycaenid from the Great Caucasus. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Atalanta 41 (3/4): 331–334.

External links
images  representing  Turanana  at  Consortium for the Barcode of Life

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by George Thomas Bethune-Baker


Yvan Dutil, born April 6, 1970, is a Canadian astrophysicist. He is a member of the Bioastronomy Commission of the International Astronomical Union and of the International Academy of Astronautics's Permanent Committee on the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI). He and colleague Stéphane Dumas, created a noise-resistant coding system for messages aimed at communicating with extraterrestrial civilization. This system was used in the creation of messages beamed towards close stars from the Yevpatoria RT-70 radio telescope in Ukraine in 1999 and 2003.

Dutil was a candidate for the Green Party of Quebec in the Quebec election of September 2008, and for the Green Party of Canada in the Canadian federal election of 2011. He is active in fighting light pollution in Québec and advocates for the creation of a Dark Sky preserve around Mont Mégantic Observatory.

His areas of interest include astronomy, voting system reform, light pollution, and sustainable development.

Bibliography
SETI

  Lincos with Dr. Yvan Dutil
  Lexique du Cosmic Call
  Error Correction Scheme in Active Seti
  Social Choice and Equity Theories: Seeking to Common Good as a Common Ground

Light Pollution
  Qui a volé les étoiles ?
  Éclairage Nocturne et Pollution Lumineuse, Mémoire Ville de Québec
   Plan de protection du ciel noir, Document d’information produit pour la conférence régionale des élus de Chaudière-Appalaches

Voting System Reform
  Pour une meilleure démocracie: Notion d'ingénierie électorale

Others
  Une crise énergétique annoncée, Les Choix et le Défi du Québec à l'horizon 2025
  L’astronomie Québécoise d'hier à aujourd’hui

External links

  Personal web site
  Autobiographie
  Site SETI Actif
  Velomobile World Market 2006

(Translated from the French Wikipedia article of the same name)

21st-century Canadian astronomers
Interstellar messages
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Université Laval alumni


Tuxentius is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. They are commonly known as pied Pierrots or pies. Contained in this genus are the African species formerly placed in Castalius, except the blue-eyed Pierrot (sometimes called blue pied Pierrot) which is separated in Zintha.

Species
The members of genus Tuxentius are:
 Tuxentius calice (Hopffer, 1855) – white Pierrot
 Tuxentius carana (Hewitson, 1876) – forest pied Pierrot
 Tuxentius cretosus (Butler, 1876) – savanna pied Pierrot
 Tuxentius ertli (Aurivillius, 1907) – Ertli's Pierrot
 Tuxentius gabrieli Balint, 1999 – Gabriel's Pierrot
 Tuxentius hesperis (Vári, 1976) – western pie
 Tuxentius kaffana (Talbot, 1935)
 Tuxentius margaritaceus (Sharpe, 1892) – mountain pied Pierrot
 Tuxentius melaena (Trimen, 1887) – dark pied Pierrot
 Tuxentius stempfferi (Kielland, 1976) – Stempffer's Pierrot

Footnotes

References
  (2008): Tree of Life Web Project – Tuxentius Larsen 1982. The Pied Pierrots. Version of 2008-MAY-19. Retrieved 2009-NOV-29.
  (2007): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Tuxentius. Version of 2007-MAY-20. Retrieved 2009-NOV-29.
Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 73

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera


Tylopaedia is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. It is monotypic containing only the species Tylopaedia sardonyx, the king copper, which is found in South Africa and Namibia.

The wingspan is 32–40 mm for males and 35–50 mm females. Adults are on wing from August to December and from January to April in two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Aspalathus spinosa, Phylica olaefolia, and Euclea undulata.

Subspecies
Tylopaedia sardonyx sardonyx (eastern Western Cape to Namaqualand and near Karuman in the Northern Cape, north into Botswana, east to the Eastern Cape and the Free State)
Tylopaedia sardonyx peringueyi (Dickson, 1969) (Western Cape)
Tylopaedia sardonyx cerita Henning & Henning, 1998 (central Namibia)

References

Aphnaeinae
Monotypic butterfly genera
Lycaenidae genera


Udara is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species are found in the Indomalayan and the Australasian realms.

Species
Subgenus Udara Toxopeus, 1922
 Udara akasa (Horsfield, 1828) - white hedge blue (India)
 Udara aristinus (Fruhstorfer, 1917)
 Udara aristius (Fruhstorfer, 1910)
 Udara camenae (de Nicéville, [1895])
 Udara cardia (Felder, 1860)
 Udara coalita (de Nicéville, 1891)
 Udara cyma (Toxopeus, 1927)
 Udara dilectissima (Druce, 1895)
 Udara dilecta (Moore, 1879) (India, China, Malay Peninsula)
 Udara drucei (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Udara etsuzoi Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara lanka Moore, 1877 - Ceylon hedge blue (Sri Lanka)
 Udara masinissa (Fruhstorfer, 1910)
 Udara placidula (Druce, 1895)
 Udara rona (Grose-Smith, 1894)
 Udara serangana Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara singalensis (R. Felder, 1868)
 Udara tenella (Miskin, 1891)
 Udara toxopeusi (Corbet, 1937)
Subgenus Selmanix Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara aemulus Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara ceyx (de Nicéville, [1893])
 Udara nishiyamai Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara santotomasana Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara selma (Druce, 1895)
 Udara wilemani  Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
Subgenus Penudara Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara albocaerulea (Moore, 1879)
 Udara oviana (Fruhstorfer, 1917)
 Udara tyotaroi Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
Subgenus Perivaga
 Udara antonia Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara cybele Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara davenporti (Parsons, 1986)
 Udara laetitia Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
 Udara manokwariensis (Joicey, Noakes & Talbot, 1915)
 Udara meeki (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Udara owgarra (Bethune-Baker, 1906)
 Udara pullus (Joicey & Talbot, 1916)
 Udara sibatanii Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983
Subgenus Vaga
 Udara blackburni (Tuely, 1878) - Hawaiian blue (Hawaii)

References

"Udara Toxopeus, 1928" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms

Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Lambertus Johannes Toxopeus


Upolampes is a monotypic genus of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. Its single species, Upolampes evena, is found in New Guinea, from Western New Guinea to Papua New Guinea and Karkar Island (Australasian realm).

External links

"Upolampes Bethune-Baker, 1908" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Polyommatini
Monotypic butterfly genera
Lycaenidae genera


Uranobothria is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Uranobothria celebica (Fruhstorfer, 1917)
Uranobothria tsukadai Eliot & Kawazoé, 1983 – Tsukada's hedge blue

References

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Lambertus Johannes Toxopeus


Uranothauma is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Its species are found in the Afrotropical realm.

Species
Uranothauma antinorii (Oberthür, 1883)
Uranothauma artemenes (Mabille, 1880)
Uranothauma belcastroi Larsen, 1997
Uranothauma confusa Kielland, 1989
Uranothauma cordatus (Sharpe, 1892)
Uranothauma crawshayi Butler, 1895
Uranothauma cuneatum Tite, 1958
Uranothauma delatorum Heron, 1909
Uranothauma falkensteini (Dewitz, 1879)
Uranothauma frederikkae Libert, 1993
Uranothauma heritsia (Hewitson, 1876)
Uranothauma kilimensis Kielland, 1985
Uranothauma lukwangule Kielland, 1987
Uranothauma lunifer (Rebel, 1914)
Uranothauma nguru Kielland, 1985
Uranothauma nubifer (Trimen, 1895)
Uranothauma poggei (Dewitz, 1879)
Uranothauma uganda Kielland, 1980
Uranothauma usambarae Kielland, 1980
Uranothauma vansomereni Stempffer, 1951
Uranothauma williamsi Carcasson, 1961

External links
"Uranothauma Butler, 1895" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms
Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 73 and more

Lycaenidae genera


Ussuriana is an east Palearctic genus of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
 Ussuriana choui Wang & Fan, 2000
 Ussuriana fani Koiwaya, 1993 – China
 Ussuriana fani zihaoi Huang, 2016 – China
 Ussuriana igarashii Wang & Owada, 2009 – China
 Ussuriana michaelis (Oberthür, 1880)
 Ussuriana plania Wang & Ren, 1999 – China
 Ussuriana stygiana (Butler, 1881) – Japan.
 Ussuriana takarana (Araki & Hirayama, 1941) – Taiwan

References

External links
Funet

Theclini
Butterfly genera
Taxa named by J. W. Tutt


Chalinga is a genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae.

Species
 Chalinga elwesi (Oberthür, 1883)
 Chalinga pratti (Leech, 1890)
 Chalinga puerensis Tshikolovets, 2017

Nymphalidae genera


George Phineas Guthrie, Jr. (March 13, 1904 – June 1, 1972) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Elyria, Ohio and died in Columbus, Ohio. In 1924 he was disqualified in the 110 metre hurdles final at the Paris Games. He finished third in this race but was disqualified when he knocked down three hurdles, which was forbidden by the rules in force at that time.

Guthrie (representing Ohio State) won the high hurdle race at the 1925 Drake Relays in 14.8

References

External links

1904 births
1972 deaths
American male hurdlers
Olympic track and field athletes for the United States
Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics


Thomas Gable Smith (18 October 1900 – 21 February 1934) was an English footballer who played as an inside right or outside right in the Football League for South Shields, Leicester City, Manchester United, Northampton Town and Norwich City.

Smith, known as Tosher, played for Marsden Villa and Whitburn before moving to South Shields in 1919. He went on to spend four seasons at Manchester United and three at Northampton Town.

Four of his six brothers were also footballers. Billy and Jack both played for South Shields and played in 1934 FA Cup Final together for Portsmouth. Sep later played for Leicester City, and Joe played reserve football for Leicester and later played for Watford.

References

External links
MUFCInfo.com profile

1900 births
1934 deaths
People from Whitburn, Tyne and Wear
Footballers from Tyne and Wear
Footballers from County Durham
English men's footballers
Men's association football inside forwards
Men's association football outside forwards
Whitburn F.C. players
Gateshead A.F.C. players
Leicester City F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Northampton Town F.C. players
Norwich City F.C. players
Tom


Virachola is a group of butterfly species in the family Lycaenidae.  It was previously considered a valid genus, but recent authors consider it a subgenus of Deudorix.

Species include:
Virachola isocrates - common guava blue
Virachola perse - large guava blue

References

Deudorigini
Lycaenidae genera


Wagimo is a small East Asian (Ussuri, Myanmar, China, Korea, Japan) genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Cladogram from Catalogue of Life:

References
"Wagimo Sibatani & Ito, 1942" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

External links
Images representing Wagimo at Encyclopedia of Life

Theclini
Lycaenidae genera


Yamamotozephyrus is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. It is monotypic, containing only the species Yamamotozephyrus kwangtungensis.
There are three subspecies
Yamamotozephyrus kwangtungensis (Forster, 1942) China (Kwangtung)
Y. k. hainana (Koiwaya, 1993) Hainan
Y. k. mayhkaensis Watanabe, 2000 Myanmar

References

Theclini
Lycaenidae genera
Monotypic butterfly genera


The California Health and Safety Code is the codification of general statutory law covering the subject areas of health and safety in the state of California.  It is one of the 29 California Codes and was originally signed into law by the Governor of California on April 7, 1939.

Notable laws
The code contains various laws, including:

Healthcare

In Division 2, licensing of healthcare providers and facilities
a pharmaceutical surplus program, first passed in 2005 and expanded in 2012 and 2016; although as of 2018, 38 states had laws for such programs, in over a dozen states these were nonoperational. As of 2018, California had an operational program and in 2016 a nonprofit surplus pharmacy opened
a ban on copay coupon discounts when an equivalent generic is available for cheaper, passed in 2017 and subject to various exceptions
Division 107, Chapter 2.5 contains a "charity care" law for fair hospital pricing
California End of Life Option Act in Division 1. Section 443 - 443.22
laws regarding vaccine exemptions, including in 2015 California Senate Bill 277, which removed a personal belief exemption to vaccines for children public schools, and in 2019 SB 276, which further limited exemptions
AB 315 (2018) which regulates pharmacy benefit management
establishing various agencies under the California Health and Human Services Agency, although the top agency itself is created by Government Code section 12800

Health insurance

In Division 2, the Knox-Keene Health Care Service Plan Act of 1975 in Division 2. Chapter 2.2., 1340 - 1399.864, which is enforced by the California Department of Managed Health Care and regulates most health insurance in California, although some plans are regulated by the California Department of Insurance (CDI) with sometimes similar "companion" statutes in the California Insurance Code. Within this section are various laws affecting transparency and mandated benefits for health insurance plans, which are part of a broader movement among states including:
a standard formulary jointly developed with the CDI which was passed in 2014
for prescription prior authorization, SB 866 passed in 2011 mandated a standardization of forms jointly developed with CDI which became effective by 2015 with Form 61-211; this was further amended by SB 282 in 2016 which allowed prescribers flexibility to use other methods such as the SCRIPT system
a limit to prescription drug cost-sharing first passed as AB 339 in 2015 and then extended by SB 1021 in 2018
like all states, California mandates coverage for certain benefits, which are related but distinct from the essential health benefits mandated by the PPACA; these mandates are reviewed by the California Health Benefits Review Program which advises the legislature on proposed mandates
laws regarding cost transparency include an all-payer claims database (AB 1810) with possible explorations into single payer as well as cost transparency on prescription drugs

Environmental

establishes in Division 26 the California Air Resources Board, an agency under the California Environmental Protection Agency
in Division 37, sets various environmental protection laws; in addition, Division 104 includes various environmental health laws
Division 20, Chapter 6.6 contains 1986 California Proposition 65, The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986
Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, although global warming related provisions appear in various areas, e.g. state agency report card mandates in Government Code section 12890 - 12893
some major environmental laws are outside the code, including the California Environmental Quality Act which is codified in California Public Resources Code § 21000 et seq

Safety

 In Division 104 Environmental Health, safety laws including
 Part 3 Product Safety
 Chapter 5 Consumer Products, including water heaters and toys
 Various laws on poisons and toxins
 Part 10 Recreational Safety, including the Swimming Pool Act originally passed in 1996 and amended in the years since
 Part 13 Garbage and Onsite Waste Disposal

Sanitation and waste management
Division 5 is entitled Sanitation; however, in 1989, California Integrated Waste Management Act (IWMA) of 1989 moved much of the waste management law into the California Public Resources Code

Other

 the Sexual Health Education Accountability Act passed in 2008, complementing laws in the California Education Code regarding sex education, which began with HIV prevention in 1990s followed by California Comprehensive Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Act in 2003
 Transitional Housing Participant Misconduct Act

Division 2 licensing
Division 2 contains licensing requirements for a variety of healthcare facilities. Physicians are licensed by the Medical Board of California.

Chapter 2 enumerates 13 types of facilities in Section 1250.1 including hospitals, skilled nursing, and hospice; these are generally regulated by the Licensing and Certification Division of the California Department of Public Health.

Outpatient ambulatory surgery center facility licensing per Chapter 1 can vary, with three options: (1) Medicare certification and regulation by the Licensing and Certification Division of the California Department of Public Health; (2) accreditation by one of five different accrediting agencies and oversight by the Medical Board of California; or (3) state licensure, which is uncommon.

The California Adult Day Health Care Act of 1977 in Division 2, Chapter 3.3 which created a system to provide healthcare during the day without committing to a nursing home has been cited as a model for the nation.

Chapter 5 regulates the use of animals for research with a 1951 law, in practice, as of 2017 many laboratories are exempt from state law due to receiving federal funds or USDA regulation.

Complaints and investigations
The grantor of licenses, which in the case of many facilities is the California Department of Public Health, is responsible for investigating complaints and issuing fines. It has been criticized for lack of investigations and limited fines. In 2014, lawmakers held a hearing after investigative reporters raised concerns. Cases from 2001 were reportedly still open as of 2014.

See also
 Law of California

References

External links

 California Health and Safety Code

United States state health legislation
Health and Safety Code


Yasoda is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species in this genus are found in the Indomalayan realm.

Species
Yasoda tripunctata (Hewitson, 1863) - branded yamfly
Yasoda pita (Horsfield, [1829])
Yasoda androconifera Fruhstorfer, 1912
Yasoda robinsoni Holloway, 1986
Yasoda pitane de Nicéville, 1893

External links
"Yasoda Doherty, 1889" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Loxurini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Doherty


Yuhbae is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Theclini
Lycaenidae genera


Zeltus is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae, the blues. It is monotypic containing the species Zeltus amasa, the fluffy tit, a small butterfly found in Indomalayan realm. The butterfly is found in India, specially the Western Ghats, Sikkim to Assam. It can also be found in Myanmar, Thailand, West Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Java and the Philippines.

Description
The genus is small, and its wingspan is 28–32 millimeter. It has long fluffy tail (v.1, 13 mm.; v.2, 7 mm), which makes it easily recognizable. The forewing (FW) color of male Zeltus is blackish, and the basal area's color is pale blue. The forewing color of female Zeltus is dark brown. The hindwing (HW) color of the male is pale blue, the color of the apex is black.

Zeltus amasa has false eyes, legs, and antennae on the hindwing, which resembles and diverts attention from its real head. If it is attacked, its starts flying in an unexpected direction.

Habit
The genus is mostly found at hot, wet forest areas. It flies feebly. The male Zeltus rarely visits flowers, and stays on wet or damp patches, or on the leaves which are about  above the ground. The female mostly stays inside deep forest and is rarely seen.

Gallery

See also
List of butterflies of India (Lycaenidae)

References

External links

Butterflies of Asia
Lycaenidae genera
Hypolycaenini
Monotypic butterfly genera


Zeritis is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Afrotropical realm.

Species
The genus includes the following species:

Zeritis aurivillii  Schultze, 1908
Zeritis fontainei  Stempffer, 1956
Zeritis krystyna  D'Abrera, 1980
Zeritis neriene  Boisduval, [1836]
Zeritis pulcherrima  Aurivillius, 1923
Zeritis sorhagenii (Dewitz, 1879)

External links
 "Zeritis Boisduval, [1836]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Aphnaeinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jean Baptiste Boisduval


Zesius is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Zesius chrysomallus Hübner, 1821 - redspot
Zesius phaeomallus Hübner, [1819-1821] Type locality: "Suriname".

References

Theclinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner


Zetona is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The single member of this genus, Zetona delospila, the clear-spotted blue or satin blue, is found in Australia in the northern part of the state of Western Australia, the northern parts of the Northern Territory and Queensland.

The wingspan is about 20 mm. Adults are brown. Males have a purple tinge.

The larvae feed on Cassytha filiformis. They are green with brown hairs and a narrow red dorsal line edged in white and purple. The pupa is attached to a nearby plant or in a curled leaf on the ground.

References

Monotypic butterfly genera
Candalidini
Lycaenidae genera


Ziegleria is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae erected by Kurt Johnson in 1993. The species of this genus are found in the Neotropical realm.

Species
Ziegleria ceromia (Hewitson, 1877)
Ziegleria denarius (Butler & H. Druce, 1872)
Ziegleria guzanta (Schaus, 1902)
Ziegleria hernandezi (Johnson & Kroenlein, 1993)
Ziegleria hesperitis (Butler & H. Druce, 1872)
Ziegleria hoffmani Johnson, 1993
Ziegleria micandriana (Johnson, 1992)
Ziegleria perisus (H. H. Druce, 1907)
Ziegleria syllis (Godman & Salvin, [1887])

References

Duarte, M. & Robbins, R. K. (2010). "Description and phylogenetic analysis of the Calycopidina (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini): a subtribe of detritivores". Revista Brasileira de Entomologia. 54 (1): 45-64.

External links

Eumaeini
Lycaenidae of South America
Lycaenidae genera


Zinaspa is an Indomalayan genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
Zinaspa zana de Nicéville, 1898
Zinaspa todara (Moore, [1884]) - silver-streaked acacia blue
Zinaspa youngi Hsu & Johnson, 1998
Zinaspa distorta (de Nicéville, 1887)

External links
"Zinaspa de Nicéville in Marshall & de Nicéville, 1890" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Arhopalini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Lionel de Nicéville


Zintha is a butterfly genus in the family Lycaenidae. It is monotypic, with the only species being Zintha hintza, the blue-eyed Pierrot, blue pied Pierrot or Hintza blue. The pied Pierrots proper are the closely related genus Tuxentius, however, and like Zintha they were formerly included in Castalius.

Description
The wingspan is 24–28 mm for males and 24–27 mm for females. Adults are on wing from September to April.

Food plants
The larvae feed on Ziziphus species, including Z. zeyheriana and Z. mucronata.

Distribution and subspecies
This butterfly occurs in tropical eastern and southern Africa. Three subspecies are recognized:
 Zintha hintza hintza (Trimen, 1864) – South Africa to Kenya, possibly Zaire
 Zintha hintza krooni (Dickson, 1973) – Namibia and adjacent regions
 Zintha hintza resplendens (Butler, 1876) – Ethiopia and adjacent regions

Gallery

Footnotes

References
  (2008): Tree of Life Web Project – Zintha hintza (Trimen 1864). The Blue-eyed Pierrot. Version of 2008-MAY-19. Retrieved 2009-NOV-29.
  (2009): Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms – Zintha. Version of 2007-MAY-20. Retrieved 2009-NOV-29.
Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 73 b

External links

Polyommatini
Monotypic butterfly genera
Lycaenidae genera


Zizeeria, commonly called grass blues, is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae, found in Africa and Asia.

Species
List of species classified under the genus:
 Zizeeria karsandra (Moore, 1865) – dark grass blue
 Zizeeria knysna (Trimen, 1862) – African grass blue, sooty blue

Notes
The following were previously included on this page but are not species in Zizeeria:
 Zizeeria antanossa Mabille, 1877. A species in Zizina Chapman, 1910.
 Zizeeria otis Fabricius, 1787. A species in Zizina Chapman, 1910.
 Zizeeria labradus Godart, 1823. A subspecies of Zizina otis Fabricius, 1787.
 Zizeeria ossa Swinhoe, 1885. A subspecies of Pseudozizeeria maha Kollar, [1844].

References

Polyommatini
Butterflies of Africa
Butterflies of Asia
Lycaenidae genera


Zizina is a genus of gossamer-winged butterflies (Lycaenidae) in the subfamily Polyommatinae.

Species
Zizina antanossa (Mabille, 1877) – dark grass blue or clover blue
?Zizina emelina
Zizina labradus (Godart, [1824]) – common grass blue, grass blue, or clover blue
Zizina otis (Fabricius, 1787) – lesser grass blue
Zizina oxleyi (C. & R. Felder, [1865])
?Zizina similus

External links

Zizina at funet
 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 74

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera


Zizula, commonly called grass blues, is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.

Species
There are two species:
 Zizula cyna (Edwards, 1881) – tiny blue, cyna blue
= Lycaena tulliola Godman & Salvin, 1887
= Lycaena mela Strecker, 1900
 Zizula hylax (Fabricius, 1775) – little grass blue
=Zizula gaika, originally Lycaena gaika (Trimen, 1862) – South Africa
=Lycaena mylica Guenée, 1863 - Réunion
=Lycaena cleodora Walker, 1870 - Egypt
=Lycaena perparva Saalmüller, 1884 - Madagascar

Subspecies
 Zizula hylax attenuata (Lucas, 1890) - Australia
 Zizula hylax dampierensis (Rothschild, 1915) - Dampier Is.
 Zizula hylax hylax (Fabricius, 1775) - India, Tranquebar
 Zizula hylax pygmea (Snellen, 1876) - Java – pygmy grass blue

Notes
 In 1967, ICZN published a ruling on the type species of Pithecops Horsfield, [1818] in favour of a proposal by Cowan, 1965. This effectively recognised the syntype of Papilio hylax Fabr. found in Copenhagen, and validated Zizula hylax as the correct name for the taxon also known as Lycaena gaika Trimen. Savela, in Funet, and Williams in Afrotropical butterflies, as well as earlier south-east Asian references use Fabricius' name hylax as the designation of the taxon. Zizula gaika is reduced to a synonym of hylax by Cowan's proposal and the CZN opinion. Horsfield's use [1928] of the combination Pithecops hylax is shown by Cowan to be a misidentification.
 Lepindex includes a card for Zizula escalantiana Descimon et al., 1973, which appears erroneous. The taxon escalantiana was described in 1973 by Stoffel & Mast, and is a Nymphalid butterfly in the tribe Preponini. See Lamas, 2004. The Lepindex card includes confirmatory information that escalantiana was described in Prepona Boisduval, 1836, and originates from Mexico. According to Lamas, escalantiana is a subjective synonym of Prepona deiphile (Godart, [1824]).

References

Polyommatini
Lycaenidae genera


John Aloysius Mone (22 June 1929 – 14 October 2016) was the third Roman Catholic Bishop of Paisley.

Early life
John Mone was fourth of the six children of Arthur Mone and Elizabeth Dunn. Born in Glasgow, he was raised in the Crosshill district.

Priesthood
After studies with the Sulpicians at Issy-les-Moulineaux, France and at the rue du Regard and the Institut Catholique in Paris he was ordained to the priesthood on 12 June 1952. Thereafter he served as curate for twenty two years at St Ninian's in Knightswood and for five years at Our Lady and St George in Penilee. In 1979 he was made parish priest of St Joseph's Tollcross.

Episcopate
On 24 April 1984 he was created auxiliary bishop of Glasgow and titular Bishop of Abercornia by Pope John Paul II and was consecrated by Thomas Winning, Archbishop of Glasgow, at Holy Cross Church in Glasgow, the church where he had been baptised. He was translated to the see of Paisley on 8 March 1988 to succeed Stephen McGill and was installed as its bishop at St Mirin's Cathedral in Paisley on 14 May 1988. Mone served as ordinary of the diocese until his retirement on 7 October 2004.

During his episcopate and in retirement he frequently criticised the Dungavel Detention Centre, a holding unit for asylum seekers.

His motto was To Lead in Love.

Bishop Mone died at the Holy Rosary Home in Greenock on 14 October 2016.

References

External links
 Dungavel unit closure demanded. BBC News, 16 July 2003.
 Scottish Catholic Media Office

1929 births
2016 deaths
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Scotland
21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in Scotland
Clergy from Glasgow
People from Renfrewshire
Roman Catholic bishops of Paisley
Scottish Roman Catholic bishops


Capys is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species of this genus are found in the Afrotropical realm.

Conservation of the name
In 1819, Jacob Hübner published the generic name Scoptes, including three species but without designating a type. The generic name was more or less forgotten afterwards. In 1966, Norman Denbigh Riley, for practical reasons, selected Papilio alphaeus Cramer, 1777, as the type species of Scoptes, by which Scoptes became an objective synonym of Capys, and started a case to suppress the name Scoptes for purposes of priority. In 1986, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature suppressed the name Scoptes (for the principle of priority not principle of homonymy) in order to conserve the name Capys Hewitson.

Species
Capys alphaeus (Cramer, [1777])
Capys bamendanus Schultze, 1909
Capys bamptoni Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys brunneus Aurivillius, 1916
Capys calpurnia Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys catharus Riley, 1932
Capys collinsi Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys connexivus Butler, 1897
Capys cupreus Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys disjunctus Trimen, 1895
Capys hermes Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys juliae Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys meruensis Henning & Henning, 1988
Capys penningtoni Riley, 1932
Capys stuarti Collins & Larsen, 2000
Capys usambarae Congdon & Collins, 1998
Capys vorgasi Larsen & Collins, 2003

References

External links

"Capys Hewitson, 1865" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

Deudorigini
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by William Chapman Hewitson


Cooksonia is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1905. Cooksonia is endemic to the Afrotropical realm.

Etymology
The genus name honours Harold Cookson (1876-1969), a farmer and amateur zoologist who lived in Muden, Natal, and later in the Vumba Mountains in what was then Rhodesia.

Species
Cooksonia abri Collins & Larsen, 2008
Cooksonia aliciae Talbot, 1935
Cooksonia ginettae Collins & Larsen, 2008
Cooksonia neavei (H. H. Druce, 1912)
Cooksonia trimeni H. H. Druce, 1905

References

Poritiinae
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Hamilton Herbert Druce


Raheen may refer to:

Places
Australia
 Raheen (estate), mansion in Kew, Melbourne, Australia

Ireland
 Raheen, County Clare, a townland in Tuamgraney
 Raheen, the name of several townlands in County Kerry; see List of townlands of County Kerry
 Raheen, County Laois, village
 Raheen, County Limerick, suburb of Limerick city
 Raheen, County Westmeath, a townland in Ballymore, barony of Rathconrath
 Raheen, County Wexford, village

See also
 Raheens GAA, Gaelic games club in Caragh, County Kildare, Ireland
 Raheny, a town in Dublin with a similar name


Cordelia is a genus of hairstreak butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The species are endemic to temperate China.

Species
 Cordelia comes Leech, 1890 China
 C. c. wilemaniella (Matsumura, 1919 (1929?)) Taïwan
 C. c. koizumii Koiwaya, 1996
 Cordelia kitawakii Koiwaya, 1996 = Pseudogonerilia kitawakii  China (Sichuan, Dabashan)
 Cordelia minerva (Leech, 1890) China
 C. m. jinfoshanensis Koiwaya, 2000

References

Theclini
Lycaenidae genera


The broadtail royal (Creon cleobis) is a butterfly in the monotypic genus Creon, in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Asia.

Subspecies
 Creon cleobis cleobis Godart, 1824 - South India, West Bengal, Assam - Thailand, Burma  and Bangladesh.
 Creon cleobis queda Corbet, 1938 - Peninsular Malaya
 Creon cleobis  igolotiana Murayama & Okamura, 1973 Corbet, 1938 - Philippines (Luzon)

Description

The wingspan of Creon is 27-38 millimeter.

Habit
Creon flies fast and has a liking for flowers. It can be found near forest streams areas, and comes to damp or wet patches.

References

Fauna of Pakistan
Iolaini
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by Lionel de Nicéville
Lycaenidae genera


Cupido is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. The subgenus Everes (Hübner, [1819]) is included here.

Species
 Cupido alaina (Staudinger, 1887) Alai, Darvaz, West Pamirs
 Cupido alcetas – Provençal short-tailed blue
 Cupido amyntula – western tailed-blue
 Cupido argiades – short-tailed blue
 Cupido buddhista (Alphéraky, 1881) – Buddhist blue – Central Asia
 Cupido carswelli Stempffer, 1927 – Carswell's little blue – mountains of southeast Spain
 Cupido comyntas – eastern tailed-blue
 Cupido decolor (Staudinger, 1886)
 Cupido decolorata (Staudinger, 1886) – eastern short-tailed blue – Balkans and eastern Europe
 Cupido gisela (Püngeler, 1901) – Gisela blue – Tibet
 Cupido lacturnus – tailed Cupid
 Cupido lorquinii (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) – Lorquin's blue – North Africa and Spain
 Cupido minimus – small blue – Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia and Mongolia
 Cupido osiris – Osiris blue – Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia and Mongolia
 Cupido peri Zhdanko, 2000 Alai, Darvaz
 Cupido prosecusa (Erschoff, 1874) Central Asia
 Cupido staudingeri (Christoph, 1873) – Staudinger's blue – Asia Minor
 Cupido tusovi Lukhtanov, 1994 Altai Mountains

References

External links

Lepidoptera and some other life forms
images representing Cupido  at Consortium for the Barcode of Life

Butterflies of Asia
Butterflies of Europe
Lycaenidae genera


James Hodge (5 July 1891 – 2 September 1970) was a Scottish professional footballer who played in the Football League for Manchester United, Millwall, Norwich City and Southend United as a full back or centre half.

Personal life
Hodge's younger brother John and a brother-in-law also became a footballers. He served as a gunner in India and Mesopotamia with the Royal Garrison Artillery during the First World War.

Career statistics

References

External links
John Hodge at MUFCInfo.com

1891 births
1970 deaths
People from Stenhousemuir
Scottish men's footballers
Stenhousemuir F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Norwich City F.C. players
Southend United F.C. players
Footballers from Falkirk (council area)
British Army personnel of World War I
Buxton F.C. players
Men's association football fullbacks
Men's association football wing halves
Royal Garrison Artillery soldiers
English Football League players
Military personnel from Falkirk (council area)