Induction Day or I-Day is the official name for the first day of Plebe Summer at the United States Naval Academy. Typically held in late June or early July, this is the day on which the members of the newest Naval Academy class arrive in Annapolis; for most, it is also their first day in the military.

Typical events
Induction Day activities take place in various locations across campus, with each shift in locale corresponding to a new phase.

Alumni Hall

Prospective midshipmen begin the day by reporting to Alumni Hall, the Naval Academy Midshipman Activities Center, where they are welcomed to the Navy by command chaplain staff. Immediately afterward, the new midshipmen receive their first orders, which are given quickly and sternly. Invariably, these are "From now on the first and last words out of your mouth will be 'Sir' or 'Ma'am'. Do you understand?" Midshipmen then surrender any civilian clothing or belongings they have brought with them and are sent to a makeshift barbershop for a haircut.

All new male midshipmen have their heads shaved. They are sent for a medical screening, where blood and drug-test urine samples are collected, a Breathalyzer screening for alcohol is administered, and vaccinations are given. They are also examined for tattoos and piercings; the midshipman can be dismissed from the academy if any do not receive the approval of a senior officer.

Midshipmen are fitted for their new uniforms and issued much of their necessary equipment, such as professional publications and field gear, which is sent by truck to the midshipman dormitory.

The new midshipmen complete administrative paperwork, including arranging bank accounts and paycheck allotments, authorizing the loan for issued supplies, starting Servicemen's Group Life Insurance, and various other administrative items.

Before midshipmen depart Alumni Hall, they receive their first introduction to the academy's Honor System and are taught basic military courtesies, such as saluting.

Bancroft Hall

The midshipmen are next transported by bus to the midshipman dormitory, Bancroft Hall, where they meet their Plebe Summer Cadre and must transport their new gear and uniforms to their dorm rooms. They are shown how to mark and stow all equipment and spend considerable time arranging their rooms appropriately. Midshipmen must also formally sign their "Oath of Office" papers, which commit them to naval service.

T-Court

After lunch, midshipmen participate in a swearing-in ceremony in T-Court. Parents and families of the new plebes are encouraged to attend this event and the Navy usually arranges for a fly-by of naval aircraft, weather permitting. Following the swearing-in, the plebes are allowed to visit with family and friends briefly before returning to Bancroft Hall. Plebes will not be allowed to meet with family again until the end of Plebe Summer in mid-August, so this visit on I-day is often emotional.

Sample schedule
The schedule for I-Day 2006, as released by the Naval Academy Public Affairs Office, was typical.
6 to 10 a.m.: Candidates check-in at Alumni Hall.
6 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.: Midshipmen rotate through a variety of stations in Alumni Hall including baggage drop off, vision screening, medical tests, the barbershop, uniform fitting and issue, the chaplain's station, the Alumni Association, and checkout.
6 p.m.:Plebes participate in the "Oath of Office Ceremony" in T-Court and officially become Midshipmen.
6:30 to 7:30 p.m.: Plebes may visit their families who will not see them until Plebe Parents Weekend.
7:30 to 9:30 p.m.: Plebes receive general military training in assigned company spaces in Bancroft Hall
11 p.m.: Lights Out.

See also

Naval Academy Bridge

References

Bibliography
H. Michael Gelfand. Sea Change at Annapolis: The United States Naval Academy, 1949-2000. University of North Carolina Press, 2006
Ross MacKenzie. Brief Points: An Almanac for Parents and Friends of U.S. Naval Academy Midshipmen. Naval Institute Press, 2004
Robert Timberg. The Nightingale's Song. Naval Institute Press, 1996
USNA Class of 2002. In the Shadow of Greatness. Naval Institute Press, 2012

Induction


Allen Ray Brenner (November 13, 1947 – February 13, 2012) was an American gridiron football player.  He played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for seven years.

Football career
Brenner played defensive back for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Ottawa Rough Riders from 1971 to 1977. He was a CFL All-Star in 1972, the same year he set a record of most interceptions in a season at 15, and also won the Grey Cup with the Tiger-Cats. He was also part of the Ottawa Rough Riders when they won the Grey Cup in 1976. Brenner started his career with the New York Giants of the NFL, for whom he played two seasons. He played college football at Michigan State University where he was an All-American in 1968. was also the head coach of the Burlington Braves of the Canadian Junior Football League in 1981.

While playing in the CFL for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats he intercepted Joe Theismann four times in one game. Brenner also was part of "The Game of the Century", where both Michigan State and Notre Dame were ranked number one in the country and went to a 10–10 tie in 1966.

Disappearance
Brenner was reported missing in April 1983. He, his wife, and four children were residents of Burlington, Ontario. Brenner is featured in a Fifth Estate program on December 3, 2010 which discusses his disappearance and subsequent resurfacing eight years after abandoning his family. He is interviewed living in an unnamed small town in North Carolina and says he cannot explain why he left.

Death
Brenner died on February 13, 2012, at age 64, in Clinton, North Carolina, after a long illness.

See also
List of solved missing person cases

References

1947 births
1980s missing person cases
2012 deaths
American emigrants to Canada
American football defensive backs
Players of Canadian football from Michigan
Canadian football defensive backs
Formerly missing people
Hamilton Tiger-Cats players
Michigan State Spartans football players
Missing person cases in Canada
New York Giants players
Ottawa Rough Riders players
People from Benton Harbor, Michigan
Players of American football from Michigan
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players


Methylammonium nitrate is an explosive chemical with the molecular formula CH6N2O3, alternately CH3NH3+NO3−. It is the salt formed by the neutralization of methylamine with nitric acid. This substance is also known as methylamine nitrate and monomethylamine nitrate, not to be confused with methyl nitramine or monomethyl nitramine.

Methylammonium nitrate was first used as an explosive ingredient by the Germans during World War II. It was originally called mono-methylamine nitrate, a name that has largely stuck among chemists who formulate energetic materials.

Methylammonium nitrate is somewhat similar in explosive properties to ammonium nitrate (AN) which yields 85% of the power of nitroglycerine when the ammonium nitrate is incorporated into an explosive. The addition of the carbon-containing methyl group in methylammonium nitrate imparts better explosive properties and helps create a more favorable oxygen balance.

After World War II, methylammonium nitrate was largely ignored by explosives manufacturers, in favor of less-costly ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtures (ANFO) were sufficient for most large-diameter explosives uses.

Methylammonium nitrate saw a resurgence when E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (DuPont), seeking to lower the cost of its TNT-based Tovex water-gel explosives, incorporated a mixture of methylammonium nitrate with ammonium nitrate which served as a basis for DuPont's water-gels manufactured under the names "Tovex Extra" and "Pourvex Extra". Methylammonium nitrate, also known as PR-M (which stands for "Potomac River—Mono-methylamine nitrate") soon was seen as the possible path toward creating a low-cost blasting agent (water gel explosives) that might replace the explosives based on nitroglycerin (dynamites).

In late 1973, DuPont started to phase out dynamite and replace it with water-gels based on PR-M. However, PR-M proved to have unusual "mass effects". That is, if there was sufficient mass, under certain conditions, PR-M could explode without warning. On August 6, 1974, a tank car containing PR-M blew up in Wenatchee, Washington, rail yard, killing two and injuring 66 others. On July 4, 1976, a PR-M storage with 60,000 pounds (approximately 27,200Kg) of PR-M detonated at DuPont's Potomac River Works at Martinsburg, WV.  Though there was no loss of life, there were many injuries and a substantial loss of property.

References

External links
Crystal structure of monomethylammonium nitrate
methyl ammonium nitrate (PRM) accidental detonation

Explosive chemicals
Nitrates
Methylammonium compounds


Ernest Edward West (July 7, 1867 – July 16, 1914) was American college football player and coach. He was the organizer, head coach, and player on first football team at Georgia Tech.

West was born in Rome, Georgia in 1867 and graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1888. After graduation, he resigned his commission and practiced law in Georgia before becoming a professor at the Georgia school of Technology. In 1892, he organized Georgia Tech's first football team, acted as coach and captain, and played halfback. It was only season he coach or played for the school. During the Spanish–American War, West served as a captain of marines.

On June 14, 1914, during custody dispute over his nine-year-old daughter, West was found in a Chattanooga, Tennessee hotel room with a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. He survived his injuries, but died of kidney failure in Rhea Springs, Tennessee on July 17, 1914.

Head coaching record

References

External links

1867 births
1914 deaths
19th-century players of American football
American football halfbacks
Player-coaches
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football coaches
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football players
American military personnel of the Spanish–American War
United States Naval Academy alumni
Coaches of American football from Georgia (U.S. state)
Players of American football from Rome, Georgia
Military personnel from Georgia (U.S. state)
Deaths from kidney failure


HD 122563 is an extremely metal-poor red giant star, and the brightest metal-poor star in the sky.  Its low heavy element content was first recognized by spectroscopic analysis in 1963. For more than twenty years it was the most metal-poor star known, being more metal-poor than any known globular cluster, and it is the most accessible example of an extreme population II or Halo star.

As the most extreme metal-poor star known, HD 122563's composition was crucial in constraining theories for galactic chemical evolution; in particular, its composition peculiarities provided signposts for understanding the accumulation of heavy elements by stellar nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy. For example, it has an excess of oxygen, [O/Fe] = +0.6, while the proportions of strontium, yttrium, zirconium, barium and the lanthanide elements suggest that the s-process has made no contribution to the material present in the star: in HD 122563, all these elements are products of the r-process instead. The implication is that the star formed at a time and place where there had not been enough time for any previous generation of stars to have produced s-process elements, though there was r-process material present.

Spectral type

The spectral type of HD 122563 is one of characteristics which initially indicated its peculiarity. In the Bright Star Catalogue its spectral type is given as F8 IV, but its color index indicates a surface temperature much cooler than an F8 star should be.  Because the spectral type of a star in the A to K star regime is judged by the relative strengths of the absorption lines of the metals relative to the hydrogen Balmer lines, the extreme metal deficiency results in weak metal lines and yields a spuriously early spectral type. If the spectral classification is performed including the metal deficiency, the result is a rather later type, G8:III: Fe-5.

References

External links
 HR 5270
 Image HD 122563

122563
5270
Boötes
068594
G-type giants
Population II stars
Durchmusterung objects
K-type subgiants


Tim Mertens (born 7 February 1986 in Mechelen) is a former Belgian professional racing cyclist. He got most of his successes on the track.

Mertens retired at the end of the 2013 season, at the age of 27.

Career highlights

Track

2002
1st, National Novice Points Race Championships
2003
2nd, National Junior Individual Pursuit Championships
2004
3rd, European Junior Points Race Championships
2nd, World Junior Madison Championships
National Junior Championships
1st Track time trial
1st Individual pursuit
1st Points race
2nd, UIV U23 Cup – Ghent
2005
National Championships
1st Omnium
3rd Madison
3rd, UIV U23 Cup – Rotterdam
2006
3rd, UIV U23 Cup – Rotterdam
National Championships
1st Team pursuit
3rd Track time trial
3rd Scratch
3rd Individual pursuit
2007
1st Overall UIV U23 Cup
1st Rotterdam
1st Berlin
1st København
3rd, European Under-23 Team Pursuit Championships
3rd, Track World Cup, Scratch – Beijing
National Championships
1st Team pursuit
2nd Track time trial
2nd Scratch
2nd Omnium
2008
Track World Cup
1st Madison – Los Angeles
2nd Scratch – Manchester
2nd Scratch – Cali
1st Madison – Cali
3rd, National Derny Championships
2009
National Championships
1st Omnium
1st Scratch
1st Track time trial
1st Derny
1st Overall Track World Cup – Scratch
European Championships
4th Madison
7th Omnium
2010
1st National Scratch Championships
4th World Madison Championships
4th European Madison Championships

Road

2001
2nd, National Novice Road Race Championships
2004
2nd Overall Keizer der Juniores Koksijde
1st Stage 3
2010
8th Rund um Köln

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
Belgian male cyclists
Belgian track cyclists
Sportspeople from Mechelen
Cyclists from Antwerp Province


The AMX 50 (official designation) or AMX-50 is a French heavy tank designed in the immediate post Second World War period. It was proposed as, in succession, the French medium, heavy, and main battle tank, incorporating many advanced features. It was cancelled in the late 1950s however, due to unfavourable economic and political circumstances after serious delays in development.

Development

M 4
After the war the French Army possessed no modern tanks with a heavy armament. The ARL 44 was being developed, but this vehicle, although to be armed with a powerful 90 mm gun, could hardly be called modern, as its suspension system was obsolete. Therefore, already in March 1945 the French industry had been invited to design a more satisfactory vehicle. The same year the Ateliers de construction d'Issy-les-Moulineaux (AMX) company presented its projet 141, a project to build the so-called M 4 prototype, armed with a 90 mm Schneider gun with a 1000 m/s muzzle velocity and comparable in performance to the German 8.8 cm KwK 43.

The M 4 closely resembled the German Tiger II in general form, though the turret was to be made of welded sections; but to limit the weight to a desired thirty tonnes the proportions were rather smaller and the armour had a maximum thickness of just thirty millimetres. Like the later German tanks of the war it had, in this case eight, overlapping road wheels. Part of the project was to study whether a modern torsion bar suspension should be used or the height lowered by ten centimetres through a fitting of leaf or coil springs.
Two prototypes of the M 4 were ordered. The Army soon indicated that a protection level offered by 30 mm of armour was unacceptably low. In response the armour was increased to 80 mm. To save weight it was decided to install a novel oscillating turret, designed by the Compagnie des forges et aciéries de la marine et d'Homécourt (FAMH). Nevertheless, when the first prototype, now named the AMX 50 after its intended weight class, was delivered in 1949, it weighed 53.7 tonnes. In the winter of 1950 instead of the 90 mm, a 100 mm gun designed by the Arsenal de Tarbes was fitted. The second prototype with a slightly different turret also with a 100 mm gun, was ready soon after. The prototypes had a length, with gun, of 10.43 m, a width of 3.40 m and a height of 3.41 m. It was intended to fit a 1,200 hp engine to attain a speed much superior to all existing medium tank types. The Maybach HL 295 (a redesigned German gas engine in 1945 captured at Friedrichshafen by Engineer-General Joseph Molinié) and a Saurer diesel engine were tested. Both failed to deliver the required output and maximum speed was no higher than 51 km/h, while the cross-country speed was 20 km/h. The prototypes were tested between 1950 and 1952.

The transmission for the AMX M 4 was developed for the French Army by the German Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen (ZF) in 1945. It was a modern five-speed manual gearbox with a two radii double differential steering (Überlagerungslenkgetriebe) integrated. The service brakes were fitted to both output sides of the transmission. They consisted of Argus disk brakes of the type developed by , similar to those previously used in the German Tiger and Panther tanks.

Parallel to the M 4, from 1946 AMX designed the AMX Chasseur de Char, a lightly armoured 34 tonne tank destroyer based on the M 4 chassis, but fitted with a modern rounded sleek turret for the 90 mm gun. No prototype was built.

SOMUA SM
In competition with AMX, the SOMUA company also developed a tank to meet the demand for a heavily armed vehicle: the Char SOMUA SM, that however had been conceived as a Char Lourd ("heavy tank") in the sixty tonne weight class from the very beginning, like the M4 paralleling the German Tiger II. The order to build a prototype was given in 1946. The vehicle was delivered in October 1951, weighing 56 tonnes but still lacking an engine. Both companies had ultimately been forced by the French army to work to identical detailed specifications. As a result, the SOMUA SM closely resembled the AMX 50. It too had an oscillating turret, first with a 90 mm, then with a 100 mm gun. The main external difference was that the nine road wheels were not overlapping. It was not tested until 1953, between January and July, as many parts had not been sufficiently developed; the delay ensured that the type was rejected.

AMX 50 "120 mm"

A third AMX 50 project was begun in August 1951. Ten preseries vehicles were to be built by DEFA (Direction des Études et Fabrications d'Armement, the state weapon design bureau), the first being delivered in 1953. The type was armed with a 120 mm gun, also with a 1,000 m/s muzzle velocity, in response to the perceived threat posed by the Soviet heavy tanks, such as the IS-3 and the T-10. To accommodate the larger gun, an enormous turret was fitted; originally planned in a conventional form, eventually it was decided to also make it of the oscillating type. Armour was increased to a maximum of ninety mm. These changes caused a weight increase to 59.2 metric tonnes. From 1954 to 1955 this type was made even heavier, creating the surblindé  ("Uparmoured") version with a lower turret and a higher hull with a pointed glacis like the IS-3, bringing weight to about 64 tonnes and the line-of-sight thickness of the armour to 200 mm. As this caused serious mechanical reliability concerns despite a reinforced suspension, from 1956 to 1958 weight was reduced to 57.8 metric tonnes by building a cast lower hull, creating the surbaissé ("lowered")  with a lighter but again taller turret, the Tourelle D (fourth type turret). As problems with the preferred Maybach engine persisted, despite limiting the desired output to 1,000 hp, from 1955 onwards a special design team, brought over from Germany, cooperated with the AMX factory to solve them. It was called Gruppe M, after professor Karl Maybach who personally headed a mission of seventy German engineers.  Optimistically it was at that time projected that maximum speed could eventually be increased to . In the end only five complete AMX 50 prototypes were constructed, including the final hull.

Based on the M 4 chassis in 1950 a prototype was finished of a heavy tank destroyer in the form of a 120 mm self-propelled gun, the Canon Automoteur AMX 50 Foch, named after Marshal Ferdinand Foch. It was intended to give long range fire support to the medium AMX 50 "100 mm". After the tank version was planned to be armed with a 120 mm gun, the Foch project was abandoned.

As it was already obvious in the early 1950s that the AMX 50 might well turn out to be too heavy — the eventual weight of 53.7 tonnes came as a shock — a parallel medium tank project was initiated in 1952: the Lorraine 40t.

Description
In total, there were five prototypes produced, that considerably differed in the details of their construction. Weighing about fifty-five tonnes, the general AMX 50 project was the heaviest of a trio of French armoured fighting vehicle designs of the postwar period to feature an oscillating turret, the others being the AMX 13 and the Panhard EBR. The oscillating turret design, lacking a conventional gun-mantlet, is in two separate parts, with an upper and lower part connected by two hinge bolts or pivots, the gun being fixed within the upper section. The horizontal movement of the gun, traversing, is conventional, but the vertical movement, elevation, is achieved through the pivoting of the entire upper section with respect to the lower section, which holds the lower sides of the upper section within its trunnions. This method of elevation has two main advantages. Firstly it allows for a smaller turret volume, as no internal space is needed for the vertical movement of the gun breech. Secondly, it allows the use of a relatively simple semi-automatic auto-loader fed by multiround magazines, achieving a very high rate of fire for as long as the magazines were loaded, as the gun is also fixed with respect to the auto-loader located in the back of the upper turret, i.c. a protruding bustle. The automatic loading system worked satisfactorily when the calibre was 100 mm. After the larger 120 mm gun was introduced, reliability suffered, due to the increased weight of the rounds used. The oscillating turret was a very fashionable concept in the 1950s, and also applied in some American projects, such as the T57, T58 and T69. Only the French however, would produce operational systems, having pioneered the concept.

The hull was equipped with a torsion bar suspension designed to ensure a vehicle with good cross-country mobility. The hull and suspension recalled both the German Tiger and the Panther tanks which, having entered French service after the war, were well known and deliberately imitated. Especially the engine deck, the sprockets and the tracks are strongly reminiscent of the German design style. The nine overlapping tyred road wheels each side, were however much smaller. The French engineers had not been aware at first that the much admired German overlapping design had been motivated by a shortage of high quality rubber, necessitating large road wheels to lower tyre tension, which then were made overlapping to better distribute the load pressure. As France would have no trouble obtaining rubber of the desired quality, this feature was superfluous. Therefore, the road wheels were made smaller, compared to the first design proposal, both to save weight and lower the profile of the tank, which was quite high due to a deep hull, a problem only changed in the fifth prototype. The track now had to be supported by five top rollers. The overlapping system as such was maintained in all prototypes; with smaller wheels it allowed for nine instead of the originally planned eight wheels, five forming the outer, four the inner row.

The engine and transmission system was in the rear of the vehicle with rear drive sprockets. The transmission was derived from the ZF of the Panther. The functions of final drive and steering were combined in a single assembly; for each gear two turning radii could be selected. The engine was the Maybach HL295 12-cylinder of 29.5 litres, using fuel injection combined with spark ignition. The project goal was to bring the engine output to 1200 hp, implying a very favourable hp/litre ratio of over forty. This proved to be unrealistically ambitious, given the level of technological development at the time; in reality not even a ratio of thirty was reliably attained. The German mission considered this an embarrassing failure, best forgotten.

The hull sides were vertical, as in the case of the Tiger, while the front of the hull was in the first three prototypes evenly inclined at approximately 40 degrees from the horizontal, using sloped armour similar to that of the Panther and Tiger II. The corners between the glacis and the sides were truncated. The first two prototypes had a frontal protection level equivalent to about 120 mm "line-of-sight" thickness in the horizontal plane. The type was thus not particularly heavily armoured for its time. The armour was intended to provide protection against high-velocity guns in general use at the end of the Second World War. The weight increase with the third prototype was mainly caused by the larger turret and even in its fourth "uparmoured" form, doubling the frontal armour thickness, the AMX 50 was less well protected than its American and British competitors, themselves inferior in armour to the Soviet heavy tanks they had been created to fight. The fifth prototype used a lower cast hull, with a rounded frontal section for a better weight efficiency.

Above the massive hull, there was the oscillating turret, smaller, lighter and more compact than that of the Tiger; the sloped face of the upper part had a thickness of 85 mm. In the turret rear back there was the commander's cupola, well equipped with optical equipment. The turret had an optical rangefinder. The first two prototypes had twin 7.5 mm Reibel machine guns placed on top of the roof as an AA-weapon, a third was coaxial. In the first design proposal for a 120 mm version, the conventional turret had a high cupola armed with both a machine gun and a 20 mm MG 151 rapid fire cannon. However the third and fourth "120 mm" oscillating turret prototypes had a single 7.5 mm AA machine gun and a second 7.5 mm coaxial machine gun. For the production vehicles it was considered to install a coaxial 20 mm gun; lighter armoured targets could then be engaged without depleting the limited ammunition stock in the turret magazines. Despite the auto-loader, the crew was four: a second man was seated in the hull, functioning as radio-operator, but mainly needed to replenish the turret magazines, holding nine rounds each, from the hull ammunition stocks.

Design policy
The AMX 50, as originally planned, would have been a medium rather than a heavy tank, France being the first of the tank-producing nations to abandon the heavy tank class. It was supposed to be light, well armed and above all mobile. When the first two prototypes were made, low weight had already been sacrificed in favour of a high protection level, but it was still supposed to be a quite agile vehicle, in the 45 - 50 tonne weight class, with a hp/tonne ratio of over twenty. Expectations were high: as General Molinié recounted to express his irony, it was hoped to create a tank with the protection of the Panther, the firepower of the Tiger, the mobility and abundance of the T-34, the reliability of the M4 Sherman and all that weighing less than the M26 Pershing. At that time France hoped to regain its position as a Great Power; rebuilding its armaments industry served this goal. To build a powerful indigenous tank was however not merely a question of national prestige. Europe as a whole was trying to recover from the devastations caused by the war and to assert a modicum of independence towards the two superpowers, the US and the USSR. To this end in 1948 the Treaty of Brussels was signed, which among other things was also a common defence agreement. The AMX 50, superior in armament and mobility to the existing American and British designs, was seen as the logical candidate for a common European tank, to equip the future armies of the Western European Union defence organisation. The prototypes were proudly displayed during the 1950 Bastille Day parade. The project was only an independent development in the technological sense: it was hoped that the Americans would fund such a tank, as the financial position of the European states would not allow them to rearm.

That same year, the situation changed suddenly and fundamentally due to the outbreak of the Korean War. Quickly the USA recommenced medium tank mass production, of the new M47 Patton. When this tank proved to be unsatisfactory, an even more advanced type was taken into production for the American forces, the M48 Patton. Thousands of superfluous M47s were leased for free to the European allies, France included. The AMX 50 was suddenly made redundant as a medium tank, despite a "100 mm" prototype being sent in 1952 to the Aberdeen Proving Grounds for testing, proving successful.

To save the project, a new role was found in the Soviet heavy tank threat. In the early 1950s, NATO tacticians were worried by the strong armour of the Soviet vehicles, that seemed to be immune to the guns of the existing Western types. In response Britain would develop the Conqueror and the USA the M103 heavy tank; abandoning the SOMUA SM, it was decided to let the AMX 50 evolve into a comparable type, even though other French heavy tank projects were in progress, such as the Char de 70 tonnes, a sort of "AMX 70". Already having a large chassis, the AMX 50 could in principle easily be adapted to carry the desired 120 mm gun — a derivation by the Atelier du Havre of the American gun, using the same ammunition — and had the advantage of a very powerful engine. In practice there were many obstacles. Room could in fact only be found by increasing the height of the lower turret half, negating the advantages of the oscillating concept and creating a dangerous shot trap. The "uparmoured" version, with its deeper hull and flatter turret, was specially designed to counter this and make the vehicle immune in long range fire engagements, but further increased weight. In 1955 the AMX 50 was nevertheless very close to being ordered by the French government, that expected to produce the type for the reconstituted German Army also. A production was planned of a hundred for 1956. This decision had to be delayed however, due to the fact the engine problems had not been solved: reliability could only be assured if the output was limited to 850 hp, causing a mediocre hp/tonne ratio of about 13:1.

The delay proved fatal to the project. In the late 1950s, swift advances in hollow charge technology made heavy tanks increasingly vulnerable. Mobility thus gained a priority over protection and the very concept of a heavy tank became obsolete. As a result, the project was changed again in intention, now trying to present itself as an agile main battle tank, with the same gun as the Conqueror but much lighter and more powerful. This failed as it was much too large and expensive; oscillating turrets also became unpopular as they were inherently difficult to protect against nuclear and chemical contamination. The engine problems with the Maybach were never overcome and lowering the hull to save weight, as was done for the final prototype, made it impossible to install a larger engine. Recognizing that the problem of combining excellent mobility with heavy armour was for the time being irresolvable, the AMX 50 project was terminated in 1959; the priority given to mobility demanded a new design concept, leading to the AMX 30, the lightest MBT of its time. Only in the early 1980s would France again attempt to combine heavy armour and armament in its tank designs, beginning with the later AMX 32 prototypes. The AMX 50 would for France not be a complete waste of time and effort however, as much technological knowledge had been gained from which the AMX 30 would profit. E.g. the range finder of the AMX 50 was also used by the AMX 30.

In the Musée des Blindés at Saumur an AMX 50 is shown, a combination of the last cast hull and the Tourelle D.

Notes

References
Jeudy, Jean-Gabriel. (1997). Chars de France, ETAI.
 Barrel Length Source https://sites.google.com/site/tankisworldoftanks/francia/amx-50-b

External links

AMX-50 tank photos @ 5 Star General site
Photos of Maybach HL 295 fuel-injected engine (end of page) @ Fahrzeuge der Wehrmacht (in German)

Abandoned military projects of France
Heavy tanks of the Cold War
Heavy tanks of France
Tanks with autoloaders


The Ritz Theatre is an African-American oriented theatre in the LaVilla neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida. The theater, which seats 426, is used for a variety of music, dance and theatrical productions, as well as movies. The spacious lobby is also used for private functions. Just off the lobby is the LaVilla Museum which holds
 of exhibits. LaVilla is considered "the mecca for African American culture and heritage" in Florida.

History
The Ritz Theater was designed in the Art Deco style by local architect Jefferson Powell and constructed in 1929 on the site of the Ritz Theater movie house in the LaVilla neighborhood. LaVilla had a thriving, vibrant culture from 1921 to 1971, when it was known as the "Harlem of the South". From the 1970s, the entertainment district of LaVilla went into decline and crime increased, but Mayor Ed Austin's River City Renaissance plan included $4.2 million to renovate the theatre and museum. The groundbreaking for the project was in 1998, and the pair were reopened on September 30, 1999. The sign and northwest corner are all that remain of the original building.

References

External links

African-American history of Florida
History of Jacksonville, Florida
Cinemas and movie theaters in Florida
Movie palaces
Theatres in Jacksonville, Florida
Theatres completed in 1929
Art Deco architecture in Florida
Downtown Jacksonville
LaVilla, Jacksonville
1929 establishments in Florida
Historically African-American theaters and music venues
African-American history in Jacksonville, Florida


Alex White is an English multi-instrumentalist who, along with brother Tom, forms the nucleus of Brighton band The Electric Soft Parade. Alex also plays drums in Brakes.

Discography
Electric Soft Parade
Holes in the Wall (2002)
The American Adventure (2003)
The Human Body EP (2005)
No Need to Be Downhearted (2007)
IDIOTS (2012)
Stages (2020)

References

Living people
English rock drummers
Musicians from Brighton and Hove
The Pipettes members
The Electric Soft Parade members
Brakes (band) members
Year of birth missing (living people)


San José Las Flores may refer to several places:

San José Las Flores, Chalatenango, El Salvador
San José Las Flores, Santa Ana, El Salvador


Don King (born February 1926) is a former American football player and coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaii for one season, in 1967.  King came to Hawaii in 1966 as an assistant under Phil Sarboe.  From 1963 to 1965, he served as the head football coach at Shasta College, compiling a record of 11–15.  King played football at Hughson Union High School in Hughson, California, Modesto Junior College, and Fresno State College.

Head coaching record

References

1926 births
Possibly living people
Fresno State Bulldogs football players
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
Junior college football coaches in the United States
Players of American football from Stanislaus County, California


James Katsuhide Asato (July 18, 1927 – May 11, 2022) was an American football and baseball coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaii from 1962 to 1964. In June 1953, he married Agnes Fujiwara.

Asato died in Honolulu on May 11, 2022, at the age of 94.

Head coaching record

Football

References

1927 births
2022 deaths
People from Maui
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors baseball coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football players


Moskovsky () is a town in Moskovsky Settlement of Moscow. The town of Moskovsky was formerly located in Leninsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, and since July 2012 it is a part of the federal city of Moscow. It is located  southwest of the center Moscow and  east of Vnukovo International Airport. Population:

It was founded in 1968 as a rural locality around the agricultural company Mosagro (Agrokombinat "Moskovsky"). Town status was granted to it in 2004.
On July 1, 2012 Moskovsky was transferred to the city of Moscow and became a part of Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug.

Route 876 and 876e currently connect Moskovsky with Salaryevo metro station via M3 Highway.

It is to note, however, that transport accessibility from the town to the station is slow: congested highway doesn't provide quick access to the metro station on hours of morning commute, since Moscovsky serves as a gateway from New Moscow to M3 highway.

References

External links
Official website of Moskovsky
Forum residents of Moskovsky town
Official website of Agrokombinat "Moskovsky"
Unofficial website of Moskovsky

Moskovsky Settlement
Cities and towns in Moscow (federal city)


Henry B. Vasconcellos (April 30, 1911 – February 26, 1996) was an American football coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa from 1952 to 1960.

Vasconcellos died on February 26, 1996, at the age of 84.

Head coaching record

References

1911 births
1996 deaths
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Rainbow Wahine athletic directors
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
High school basketball coaches in Hawaii
High school football coaches in Hawaii
High school track and field coaches in the United States
Kamehameha Schools alumni
San Jose State University alumni
Coaches of American football from Hawaii
Basketball coaches from Hawaii


Archie John Kodros (January 20, 1918 – June 4, 1990) was an American football player and coach.  He played for the University of Michigan football team from 1937 to 1939 and was selected as a first-team All-American and team captain in his senior year.  He served in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II.  After the war, Kodros worked as a football coach at Whitman College (1948–1950), University of Hawaii (1951), and University of Iowa (1952–1965).

Athlete
Kodros grew up in Alton, Illinois and graduated from Alton High School in 1936.  Kodros played football in high school and had an offer to play for the University of Illinois.  He chose instead to play for the University of Michigan because they had a tradition of having great centers.

Kodros worked his way into the starting line-up at Michigan as a sophomore walk-on in 1937.  He played at the center position for Michigan from 1937 to 1939 and was the captain of the 1939 Michigan Wolverines football team.  He played on the line with Forest Evashevski and Tom Harmon in the backfield.  In 1939, one Ohio sports reporter credited Kodros with a share of Harmon's success: "One reason why Tom Harmon plays so sensationally each Saturday is shown here. The Michigan line, led by Captain Archie Kodros, No. 53, blocks beautifully and opens the way for Tom to get into the secondary, where the star Wolverine back can peddle his own papers."  In his final game for Michigan, Kodros intercepted a pass deep in Michigan's territory off Ohio State's All-American quarterback, Don Scott, to help lead the Wolverines to a 21–14 win over the Buckeyes.

Kodros received honorable mentions on several All-American teams and was selected as a first-team All-American by Bill Stern for Life magazine.  He ranked third in the United Press All-American voting with 146 points in a close finish behind John Haman on Northwestern (213 points) and John Schiechl of Santa Clara (148 points).

Coaching career and military service
Kodros was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the 1940 NFL Draft (159th overall pick), but he declined the invitation and opted instead to work toward at master's degree in business at Michigan.  He later recalled: "I figured I was better off starting in business.  Pro football didn't pay that much back then because there were only eight teams and television hadn't started by 1940. Maybe you could play a few years in the NFL back then, but then where were you?  I said the heck with the pros. I didn't even go for my interview."  While studying toward his master's degree, Kodros also worked as an assistant football coach at Michigan under Fritz Crisler in 1940 and 1941.

During World War II, Kodros served in the U.S. Army Air Forces and participated in the invasion of Italy.  He played for an Army All-Star football team in 1942 that defeated the Detroit Lions 12 to 10.  At the end of the war, he  played for an Air Force team called the Second Air Force Superbombers.

In 1948, Kodros was hired as the line coach and assistant professor of physical education at Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington.  He became Whitman's head football coach in 1949 and added the title of athletic director in 1950.

In May 1951, Kodros was hired as the athletic director and head football coach of the University of Hawaii.  He compiled a record of 4 wins and 7 losses at Hawaii.

In February 1952, he announced his resignation from Hawaii, and in April 1952, he was hired by his former teammate, Forest Evashevski, who had been named head football coach at the University of Iowa.  Kodros served as an assistant football coach at Iowa from 1952 through 1965.

Later years and family
Kodros was married to the former Effie Virginia Jowett on July 10, 1943.  The couple had four children, sons Paul, Rodney and Robert, and daughter, Marijo Mihalopoulos.  After Kodros retired from coaching, he and his wife owned and operated the Hilltop Mobile Home Park in Iowa City, Iowa.  He retired in 1985 and continued to live in Iowa City.   In 1990, Kodros died at Mercy Hospital in Iowa City after a long illness with cancer.  He was survived by his wife, two sons (Rodney and Robert), a daughter (Marijo), two grandchildren and three sisters.

Head coaching record

References

External links

1918 births
1990 deaths
American football centers
Iowa Hawkeyes football coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Rainbow Wahine athletic directors
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
Michigan Wolverines football coaches
Michigan Wolverines football players
Second Air Force Superbombers football players
Whitman Blues athletic directors
Whitman Fighting Missionaries football coaches
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
Sportspeople from Madison County, Illinois
Coaches of American football from Illinois
Players of American football from Illinois
Educators from Illinois
Military personnel from Illinois
Deaths from cancer in Iowa
People from Alton, Illinois


Edward Thomas Kellett-Bowman JP (born Bowman; 25 February 1931 – 22 November 2022) was a British business and management consultant. He had a political career as a local councillor and as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Conservative Party. His work in the European Parliament was effective in shaping policy and he only narrowly missed being chosen to lead the Conservative group.

Early career
Bowman went to Reed's School in Cobham, Surrey and Slough College of Technology. He had technical and management training in textiles from 1951 to 1953, and then worked in textile industry management for two years. He then joined a company of pharmaceutical manufacturing chemists, working as a manager.

London municipal politics
Kellett-Bowman was already active in the Conservative Party as chairman of the Young Conservative Council of London and an executive member of the London Conservative Union. In 1957 Bowman was elected to Holborn Borough Council, but having moved by the time of the next election, in 1959 he was elected to St Pancras Borough Council. He was the Conservative candidate in Pontefract at the 1959 general election.

London County Council
In 1960, Bowman married Patricia Blakemore, who was one of the most vigorous election agents in the Conservative Party in London. She had already proved her skill as agent for Holborn and St Pancras South in 1959 and gained a marginal seat. In 1961, Edward Bowman was selected as candidate for the same division in the London County Council election, his wife was again agent. Winning the seat for her husband was said to be the happiest moment of her life.

After reorganisation of local government in London, Bowman was defeated in elections to Camden London Borough Council in 1964, but was chosen by the elected councillors as an Alderman. His wife was elected to Barnet London Borough Council in 1968, but soon fell ill and died in February 1970. When Bowman married fellow Camden councillor and Member of Parliament for Lancaster Elaine Kellett (who like him had been widowed) in 1971, the couple joined their names and adopted the surname 'Kellett-Bowman'.

Business consultancy
Kellett-Bowman gave up his job to study for a Master of Business Administration degree at Cranfield Institute of Technology in 1972, and in 1974 became a business and management consultant in private practice. He became a Freeman of the City of London in 1978 and a Liveryman of the Wheelwrights Company in 1979. He was also a Fellow of the Chartered Management Institute.

European Parliament
At the 1979 elections to the European Parliament, Kellett-Bowman was chosen as the Conservative Party candidate for the Lancashire East constituency, which stretched from Blackburn to Nelson, including Clitheroe and Heywood. He won the seat with a majority of over 14,000, although only three out of the eight Parliamentary constituencies making up the seat were Conservative. At the same election, his wife was elected in the neighbouring constituency of Cumbria and Lancashire North.

Audit work
Kellett-Bowman specialised in budget and audit and in 1981 presented a report about budgetary control at the Joint Research Centre in Ispra near Milan. The report found its funds were managed in way that concealed their details, and an administrative building had been built without permission. In February 1982, Kellett-Bowman criticised the sale of farm surpluses to the Soviet bloc, and accused the European Commission of distorting the foreign policy of the free world.

Federalism
At the 1984 European Parliament election, Kellett-Bowman lost his seat. He returned to the European Parliament in a byelection in December 1988 in the Hampshire Central constituency. In July 1990 he supported a motion calling for a new constitution for Europe which would give the European Communities a federal structure. The motion also called for economic and monetary union, including a single currency, although others who had voted for the motion said that the translation was inaccurate. Four years later, Kellett-Bowman pointed out that in unambiguous votes on a federal Europe in March 1990 and February 1994 he had voted against.

Transit crime
As a senior MEP, Kellett-Bowman served on the governing body of the European People's Party in the late 1990s. He brought in a report to the European Parliament in February 1997  which identified the removal of border controls and a lack of co-operation by member states as being responsible for the rise in organised crime and smuggling. Kellett-Bowman's report led to the European Union setting up a customs investigation body and computerising transit-monitoring systems.

Conservative leadership
In September 1997, Kellett-Bowman stood for the leadership of the Conservative group of MEPs, and lost by one vote to Edward McMillan-Scott. He made an attack on mergers of accountancy firms in early 1998, urging the Commission to place a lower limit on the number of large firms so that there would never be fewer than five.

Later career
At the 1999 election, Kellett-Bowman was placed seventh on the Conservative Party list in South East England, the lowest of all the sitting MEPs, making it very difficult for him to be elected. In the results the Conservatives won only five seats and thereafter Kellett-Bowman returned to management consultancy.

In February 2006 Kellett-Bowman made a formal complaint to the European Parliament authorities accusing Chris Huhne, then a candidate for the Liberal Democrat leadership, of misusing Parliamentary funds to support his election campaign in Eastleigh during the 2005 general election. Kellett-Bowman denounced Huhne for "fraudulent use of public funds", pointing to the fact that Eastleigh was a marginal constituency. The European Parliament took no regulatory action.

Personal life and death
Kellett-Bowman died on 22 November 2022, at the age of 91.

References

1931 births
2022 deaths
Conservative Party (UK) MEPs
Members of Holborn Metropolitan Borough Council
Members of St Pancras Metropolitan Borough Council
Members of London County Council
Alumni of Cranfield University
MEPs for England 1979–1984
MEPs for England 1984–1989
MEPs for England 1989–1994
MEPs for England 1994–1999
People educated at Reed's School
Councillors in the London Borough of Camden


Thomas Kaauwai Kaulukukui (January 22, 1913 – March 9, 2007) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaiʻi in 1941, as co-head coach with Eugene Gill, and from 1946 to 1950. From 1956–1959 he served as head coach of ʻIolani preparatory school in Honolulu.

Kaulukukui was a standout college athlete who earned 17 letters in five sports and was the University of Hawaii's first All-American football player. He was nicknamed "Grass Shack" by legendary sportswriter Grantland Rice. His number, #32, is only one of two numbers to have ever been retired by the Hawaii football program.

Head coaching record

Football

Notes and references

External links
 Hawaii Sports Hall of Fame profile

1913 births
2007 deaths
American football halfbacks
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Rainbow Wahine athletic directors
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors baseball coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football players
People from Hilo, Hawaii
Sportspeople from Honolulu
Coaches of American football from Hawaii
Players of American football from Honolulu
Native Hawaiian sportspeople
Baseball coaches from Hawaii


Eugene Luke Gill (August 8, 1898 – October 11, 1981) was an American football, basketball, baseball coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at the University of Hawaii from 1940 to 1941. In 1941, Gill and Tom Kaulukukui were co-head coaches. Gill was born on August 8, 1898, in Eugene, Oregon, and raised in the Salem, Oregon area.  He attended Oregon Agricultural College–now known as Oregon State University—where he lettered in football and ran track.  He was the brother of Slats Gill, who was head basketball coach, head baseball coach, and athletic director at Oregon State.  Gill died on October 11, 1981, at Veterans Administration Medical Center in Roseburg, Oregon.

Head coaching record

Football

References

External links

1898 births
1981 deaths
Basketball coaches from Oregon
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Rainbow Wahine athletic directors
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors baseball coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors basketball coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
Oregon State Beavers football players
Oregon State Beavers men's track and field athletes
Sportspeople from Salem, Oregon
Track and field athletes from Oregon
Players of American football from Eugene, Oregon
Coaches of American football from Oregon


Edward Bowman may refer to:

 Eddie Bowman (born 1944), English rugby league footballer
 Edward M. Bowman, member of the Dakota Territory House of Representatives
 Edward R. Bowman (1826–1898), U.S. Navy sailor and Medal of Honor recipient
 Edward Kellett-Bowman (1931–2022), British business and management consultant, and MEP


Raymond Elliot was an American football coach.  He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaii during the 1920 season.

Head coaching record

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches


The 2003 FA Community Shield (also known as The FA Community Shield in partnership with McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 81st staging of the FA Community Shield, an annual football match contested by the reigning champions of the Premier League and the holders of the FA Cup. It was held at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium on 10 August 2003. The match pitted Manchester United, champions of the 2002–03 Premier League against Shield holders Arsenal, who beat Southampton 1–0 in the 2003 FA Cup final. Manchester United won the Shield 4–3 on penalties, as neither side could be separated after a 1–1 draw in 90 minutes.

This was Manchester United's 22nd Community Shield appearance and Arsenal's 17th. Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson assessed before the match that his midfield was stronger than before, despite selling first-team players David Beckham and Juan Sebastián Verón. Arsène Wenger was optimistic of Arsenal's prospects in the upcoming season despite having only made minor changes to his squad, and Chelsea's emergence as a competitor following Roman Abramovich's takeover. Having been linked with a transfer away in the summer, Arsenal captain Patrick Vieira revealed before the game his intention to stay at the club.

Goalkeepers Tim Howard and Jens Lehmann made their competitive debuts for their respective clubs in the match. Ole Gunnar Solskjær started in midfield for Manchester United and Paul Scholes played behind the main striker, Ruud van Nistelrooy. For Arsenal, Kolo Touré partnered Sol Campbell in central defence as Martin Keown was absent. Mikaël Silvestre gave Manchester United the lead in the 15th minute from a corner, but Thierry Henry equalised for Arsenal five minutes later from a free-kick. In the second half, substitute Francis Jeffers was sent off for kicking out at Phil Neville. Neither team was able to score in the remaining time, so the match was decided by a penalty shoot-out. Howard saved the decisive spot-kick taken by Robert Pires, winning United their first Shield since 1997. On the other hand, this was Arsenal's first defeat since 1993.

Both managers were pleased with their teams' performances, in particular Ferguson, who felt his players coped well in the heat. The 2003 Community Shield brought its lowest crowd since 1995; Wenger reasoned there was "less and less appetite" for the event.

Background
Founded in 1908 as a successor to the Sheriff of London Charity Shield, the FA Community Shield began as a contest between the respective champions of the Football League and Southern League, although in 1913, it was played between an Amateurs XI and a Professionals XI. In 1921, it was played by the league champions of the top division and FA Cup winners for the first time. Wembley Stadium acted as the host of the Shield from 1974. Cardiff's Millennium Stadium was hosting the Shield for the third time; it took over as the venue for the event while Wembley Stadium underwent a six-year renovation between 2001 and 2006.

Manchester United qualified for the 2003 FA Community Shield by winning the Premier League – their eighth championship in 11 years. Despite making their worst start to a league campaign since the 1989–90 season, the team finished five points clear of second-placed Arsenal, the pre-season favourites. Arsenal's campaign was compensated by an appearance in the 2003 FA Cup final; the team beat Southampton 1–0 to retain the trophy and qualify for the Community Shield.

Manchester United were appearing in the Community Shield for the 22nd time, having won 10 outright (1908, 1911, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1983, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997), sharing four (1965, 1967, 1977, 1990) and losing seven (1948, 1963, 1985, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001). In contrast, Arsenal appeared in 16 previous Shields, likewise winning 10 outright (1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1938, 1948, 1953, 1998, 1999, 2002), while sharing one (1991) and losing five (1935, 1936, 1979, 1989, 1993). This was the fifth meeting between the two clubs in the Community Shield; Arsenal won three of those meetings to Manchester United's one. Manchester United's victory came in 1993 in the first drawn Charity Shield match since 1974 to be decided by penalty shoot-out.

Pre-match
Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson said before the Community Shield that new signings Eric Djemba-Djemba and Kléberson had made his midfield stronger, in spite of selling first-team players David Beckham and Juan Sebastián Verón: "The two of them give us youth in that department and I think it's important to have young legs in there, particularly with the amount of games we play."

Arsenal captain Patrick Vieira revealed his intention to stay at the club, despite interest from Chelsea, who had been acquired by Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich in the summer. Manager Arsène Wenger used his press conference to look ahead to the new season and felt his team's chances were as good, if not better than Chelsea's: "I can understand that we look a little bit poor and out of shape but what is important is what happens on the pitch and you will see that we look good. To write us off just because we haven't spent £100 million is a bit easy."

Neither United nor Arsenal made noticeable changes to their squad, but Ferguson believed both teams would remain the ones to beat in the Premier League: "There's only really ourselves and Arsenal who know what it takes to win the Premiership. It's not an easy thing to achieve. You need experience."

Match

Team selection
Goalkeeper Tim Howard started his first competitive match for Manchester United, replacing Fabien Barthez, while Quinton Fortune was selected at left-back ahead of John O'Shea. They lined up in a 4–4–1–1 formation, with forward Ole Gunnar Solskjær positioned on the right wing and Paul Scholes playing just off the main striker, Ruud van Nistelrooy. For Arsenal, Jens Lehmann made his first competitive appearance. The team lined up in a 4–4–2 formation. Kolo Touré was paired with defender Sol Campbell at centre-back in the absence of Martin Keown.

Summary
The stadium observed a minute's silence in memory of Ray Harford and Manchester United reserve player Jimmy Davis, who both died on 9 August 2003. Arsenal kicked off the match and within the first two minutes Phil Neville and Ashley Cole were booked for mistimed tackles. The match settled into "a more sedate rhythm" soon after, and in the 13th minute, Scholes' long pass found Solskjær, who was subsequently tackled; the ball ran out for a corner. It was delivered by Ryan Giggs and the ball was flicked on by Roy Keane at the near post – an unmarked Mikaël Silvestre headed it into the net, which gave United the lead. It was short-lived, however; in the 18th minute, Nicky Butt conceded a free-kick for a foul on Vieira. From "about 33 yards out", Henry shot the ball past United's wall and beat Howard in goal. Arsenal's equaliser did not hand them the impetus, for United continued to control proceedings. Silvestre's cross in the 28th minute fashioned a chance for Giggs, though Arsenal's defence prevented him from getting a shot. Giggs came close to scoring five minutes later; a cross by Butt found the Welshman whose effort hit the post. United finished the half with two half-chances.

Ray Parlour and Henry came off in the second half for Robert Pires and Sylvain Wiltord. United created an early chance, but Van Nistelrooy was unable to make the most of Giggs' delivery. The player went down in the penalty area under the challenge of Campbell, prompting United players to appeal for a penalty; however, referee Steve Bennett decided to let play continue. Arsenal countered twice thereafter, but their attacks broke down on both counts. Vieira, Scholes and Quinton Fortune were booked for tackles during a 10-minute spell. Both clubs made substitutions in the midway point of the second half: for Arsenal, Bergkamp, Gilberto and Ljungberg were replaced by Francis Jeffers, Edu and Giovanni van Bronckhorst, whereas for United, Butt and Fortune came off for Eric Djemba-Djemba and John O'Shea. In the 72nd minute, Jeffers was shown a red card for kicking out at Neville. Ferguson brought on striker Diego Forlán for Neville six minutes later. Djemba-Djemba avoided a yellow card for his challenge on Campbell in the 80th minute; Bennett deemed it unintentional.

The game descended into a scrappy affair in the last few minutes, with few clear cut chances for either side. With no further goals, it was decided by penalties. Scholes, Edu and Ferdinand converted their kicks, before Howard saved Van Bronkhorst's effort. Van Nistelrooy missed his and Wiltord scored to level the tally at 2–2 in the shoot-out. Solskjær, Lauren and Forlán scored, but Pires missed – his effort saved by Howard – which won United the Shield, 4–3 on penalties.

Details

Statistics

Post-match

Henry Winter of The Daily Telegraph opined that, injuries to players aside, "The Community Shield itself experienced most damage". Arsenal returned 8,000 of their ticket allocation, while transport problems meant spectators were unable to reach Cardiff in time. A crowd of 59,923 was the Shield's lowest in eight years.

Ferguson was delighted in how his team coped with the pitchside temperatures: "You had to be down there to appreciate it. I was told it was 41 degrees on the pitch – I know I was roasting just watching them." When asked about Howard's positioning for Arsenal's equaliser, he replied: "Tim wanted three in the wall and he will learn from that. This isn't America." Silvestre denied suggestions that the win gave United a psychological edge over Arsenal: "This is still a pre-season game. We won the Premiership title with a strong run at the end of last season." Howard was unsure whether he would displace Barthez in the first team for a prolonged run – "that's not my decision", though continued "We have four great goalkeepers and we're looking to have a good battle all season long."

Wenger was content with his team's performance: "We are at only 80% fitness and still we got a draw with Manchester United," and thought his defence stood firm against United's attack. He felt Jeffers' dismissal was "deserved" for overreacting, but added, "He's apologised. He realised he made a mistake. He's intelligent, he's young and he'll learn." The performance of Lehmann encouraged the Arsenal manager; he noted that the goalkeeper was "amazed to see the referee wave play on after one aerial challenge." Wenger made reference to Arsenal's low crowd turnout and suggested it meant there was "less and less appetite" for the Shield.

See also

2003–04 FA Premier League
2003–04 FA Cup
Arsenal F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry

Notes

References

2003
Fa Community Shield
Fa Community Shield
Charity Shield 2003
Charity Shield 2003
Fa Community Shield 2003
2000s in Cardiff
August 2003 sports events in the United Kingdom


The Battle of Tory Island was a naval action fought on 12 October 1798 off the north coast of Ireland. The battle contested an attempted French invasion of Donegal in support of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, with a French squadron under Jean-Baptiste-François Bompart facing a hastily assembled Royal Navy blockade squadron under Sir John Borlase Warren. Bompart's force had been dispatched from Brest the month before with orders to reinforce a French army under Jean Humbert which had landed two months earlier.

Unbeknown to Bompart's force, Humbert's army and the rebellion as a whole had been defeated by the British Army a week before Bompart departed France. Bompart's squadron too was woefully understrength consisting of only a single ship of the line and eight frigates carrying 3,000 men. This small force faced a large proportion of the British Channel Fleet, which was prepared for a second invasion attempt after Humbert's army had landed unopposed in August. As a result, Bompart's force was spotted just a few hours after he left Brest and he was then chased into the Atlantic Ocean by several British frigates which followed him for a week until he was able to lose them in heavy weather. This weather persisted throughout the campaign, causing significant damage to both sides in a series of storms.

The delay caused by the pursuit of Bompart by the frigates under George Countess allowed the British to dispatch a more substantial squadron under Warren to the Donegal coast. Thus when Bompart arrived in the lee of Tory Island, he soon found himself threatened on all sides by a superior British force. Despite the damage his ships had suffered in the heavy weather conditions, Bompart attempted to escape but was swiftly run down and defeated in battle, his flagship and three frigates being captured and towed into Lough Swilly. Among the prisoners seized on board the flagship was Theobald Wolfe Tone, leader of the United Irishmen, whose capture and subsequent death signified the end of the rebellion. Over the next week, the scattered French survivors desperately attempted to reach the safety of French harbours in the face of dozens of British warships cruising along their homeward route. Only two made it, three others being hunted down and captured, one just a few miles from the entrance to Brest. The French never again attempted an invasion of Ireland.

Action of 12 October 1798

Action of 13 October 1798

Flight of Loire, 15–18 October 1798

Action of 20 October 1798

Savary's retreat, 28–30 October 1798

References

Key
 A † symbol indicates that the officer was killed during the action or subsequently died of wounds received.
 The ships are ordered in the sequence in which they formed up for battle.

Specific

General

French Revolutionary Wars orders of battle
Tory Island


Svalbard Church () is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Svalbard municipality in Norway. It is located in the village of Longyearbyen. It is the church for the Svalbard parish which is part of the Tromsø domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The red, wooden church was built in a rectangular design in 1958 using plans drawn up by the architect Hans Magnus. The church seats about 140 people.

It was the northernmost church in the world until 2017 when the St. Nicholas Russian Orthodox Church was built in Nagurskoye air force base in Russia.

The very isolated church has one minister and two other employees. Svalbard Church is the only church in Svalbard archipelago, but there is a Russian Orthodox chapel in Barentsburg. The Svalbard Church minister visits other communities on Svalbard including Svea and Ny-Ålesund.

History

The first church at Longyearbyen was built from July to August in 1921. It was consecrated on 28 August 1921. During World War II, Svalbard was evacuated with the Russians returning to Russia and the Norwegians fleeing to Norway. The pastor of Svalbard Church at that time, took the altar silver, the baptismal font, and the church books on the journey to England. The altar silver and baptismal bowl were gifts from King Haakon VII and Queen Maud when the church was built. In 1943, Longyearbyen was bombed by the German battleships Tirpitz and Scharnhorst, and in the ensuing fires, the church burned down. In 1956, the foundation stone for the new church was laid down. The architect was Hans Magnus, and the church was consecrated on 24 August 1958. The original silver altar candlesticks and baptismal bowl that were saved from the old church were used in the new church too.

See also
List of churches in Nord-Hålogaland

References

External links
Svalbard kirke Official site

Longyearbyen
Churches in Svalbard
Wooden churches in Norway
20th-century Church of Norway church buildings
Churches completed in 1958
1921 establishments in Norway
Rectangular churches in Norway


Slim Willet (Winston Lee Moore, December 1, 1919, Dublin, Texas – July 1, 1966) was an American disc jockey, musician, and songwriter.

He attended Hardin-Simmons University in Abilene and graduated in 1949 with a degree in journalism. He got a job as a country music deejay at Abilene radio station KRBC, where he worked until 1956. While there, he formed his own ensemble, the Hired Hands. Taking the stage name Slim Willet, he released his debut single in 1950 with "Tool Pusher from Snyder". The group appeared on the Big D Jamboree in Dallas on WFAA until 1954, as well as on Louisiana Hayride from 1951 to 1955. He released several hit singles during this time, among them "Red Rose", "No Love Song to You", and "Don't Let the Stars Get in Your Eyes", which became a major hit for both Perry Como and Skeets McDonald in 1952.

Leaving his prior label, 4 Star, in 1954, he started his own label, Winston, and continued releasing solo material, in addition to working as a deejay at Abilene station KCAD, until his death as a result of a heart attack in 1966, aged 46.

Legacy
He was inducted into the Country Music DJ Hall of Fame in 1994.

References
[ Slim Willet] at Allmusic

1919 births
1966 deaths
People from Dublin, Texas
American radio personalities
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Four Star Records artists
Apex Records artists
American country singer-songwriters
20th-century American singer-songwriters
Hardin–Simmons University alumni
Country musicians from Texas


David Livingston Crawford (March 7, 1889 – January 18, 1974) was an American entomologist, coach of football and basketball, and college professor and administrator. He served as the head football coach at the University of Hawaii from 1917 to 1919. He also coached the Hawaii basketball team during the 1918–19 season.  Crawford attended Pomona College and Cornell University. He taught at Pomona before coming to Hawaii, where he was head of the entomology department. Crawford served as president of the University of Hawaii from 1927 to 1941. He was the president of Doane College—now known as Doane University—in Crete, Nebraska from 1948 to 1954. Crawford died on January 18, 1974, of Parkinson's disease, at a nursing home in Moorestown Township, New Jersey.

Head coaching record

Football

References

1889 births
1974 deaths
20th-century American zoologists
American entomologists
Cornell University alumni
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors basketball coaches
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches
Pomona College alumni
Pomona College faculty
University of Hawaiʻi faculty
People from Hermosillo
Neurological disease deaths in New Jersey
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
20th-century American academics

Leaders of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa


John Peden was an American football coach.  He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaii during the 1915 season.

Head coaching record

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches


Austin Jones was an American football coach.  He served as the head coach at the University of Hawaii from 1909 to 1911.

Head coaching record

References

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football coaches


Barakat! ("Blessings!") is a 2006 French/Algerian drama film directed by Djamila Sahraoui. It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival on 16 February 2006.

Plot
During the Algerian Civil War, Amel (Rachida Brakni) is a doctor who, on returning home from work one day, discovers that her journalist husband has gone missing. Receiving no help from the authorities, she decides to look for him herself. She is helped by another woman, Khadidja.

Cast
Rachida Brakni as Amel
Fattouma Ousliha Bouamari as Khadidja
Zahir Bouzerar as Le vieil homme
Malika Belbey as Nadia
Amine Kedam as Bilal
Ahmed Berrhama as Karim
Abdelbacet Benkhalifa as L'homme du barrage
Abdelkrim Beriber as Le policier
Ahmed Benaissa as Homme accueil hôpital
Mohamed Bouamari as Hadj Slimane

Awards
At the 2007 Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou, Barakat! won the Oumarou Ganda Award for the Best First Work, the award for Best Music and the award for Best Screenplay. It also won the prize for Best Arab Film at the third Dubai International Film Festival.

References

External links

2006 films
2000s Arabic-language films
2006 drama films
2000s French-language films
Algerian drama films
French drama films
2006 multilingual films
Algerian multilingual films
French multilingual films
2000s French films


The Monterey AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in eastern Monterey County, California. It was established in 1984. It is part of the larger Central Coast AVA. It runs roughly  from its northern point, north of Monterey Bay to its southern point, abutting Paso Robles, California. Approximately  of wine grapes are currently cultivated in the Monterey AVA.

The Monterey AVA includes parts of the Carmel Valley and the Salinas Valley, and contains five smaller American Viticultural Areas.  The northern portion is a cool growing region, but one with a very long growing season.  Daytime temperatures rarely exceed  in most parts of the region, although the southern part of the Monterey AVA reaches 100 degrees at times. The soil is sandy and most regions require extensive irrigation from the Salinas River.

Over 50% of the grapes grown in the Monterey AVA are chardonnay. In the northern area, Riesling and Pinot noir are popular, while in the south, Bordeaux varietals are most often grown.

References

External links
Monterey County Vintners and Growers Association
  TTB AVA Map

American Viticultural Areas
American Viticultural Areas of California
Geography of Monterey County, California
Salinas River (California)
Salinas Valley
1984 establishments in California


Barakat () is an Arabic word meaning blessings. It may refer to:

Persons
 Barakat (surname)
 Barkatullah (disambiguation), a male given name

Others
 Barakat syndrome, also known as HDR syndrome
 Barakat!, 2006 French-Algerian film, directed by Djamila Sahraoui
 Barakat (2020 film), a South African drama film
 al-Barakat, Somali consortium
 Barakat, Inc., an American NGO working in India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan

See also
 Berakhah (Birkath-)
 Baraka (disambiguation)
 Barak (disambiguation)
 Barka (disambiguation)
 Bereket (disambiguation)
 Bereket (name)
 Barack Obama
 COVIran Barekat


Ingmar De Poortere (born 27 May 1984 in Ghent) is a Belgian former professional racing cyclist.

Major results

2000
3rd, National U17 Omnium Championship
2001
3rd, National U19 Points race Championship, Ghent
2002
1st, Omloop der Vlaamse Gewesten – U19 version, Duffel
3rd, Ledegem–Kemmel–Ledegem – U19 version, Ledegem
2003
2nd, UIV Cup Ghent, U23 (with Steve Schets)
2005
2nd, National Madison Championship, Ghent
2nd, UIV Cup München, U23 (with Nicky Cocquyt)
3rd, UIV Cup Rotterdam, U23 (with Tim Mertens)
2006
  Team Pursuit Champion, Ghent (with Mertens/Schets/De Ketele)
3rd, Overall, Ronde van Antwerpen
1st, Stage 1, Booischot
2007
  Scratch Champion, Ghent
  Team Pursuit Champion, Ghent (with Mertens/De Ketele/Cornu)
1st, Overall, UIV Cup, U23 (with Tim Mertens)
1st, Rotterdam
1st, Berlin
1st, København
1st, Stage 5a, Volta Ciclista Internacional a Lleida, Lleida
2nd, National Pursuit Championship, Ghent
2nd, National Derny Championship, Ghent
3rd, National Pursuit Championship, Ghent
3rd, National Madison Championship, Ghent (with Davy Tuytens)

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Belgian male cyclists
Belgian track cyclists
Cyclists from Ghent


Paul Kester (November 2, 1870 – June 21, 1933) was an American playwright and novelist. He was the younger brother of journalist Vaughan Kester and a cousin of the literary editor and critic William Dean Howells.

Life and career
Kester was born in 1870, some 30 miles north of Columbus at Delaware, Ohio. He was the younger of two sons raised by Franklin "Frank" Cooley and Harriet (née Watkins) Kester. His father was a traveling salesman, and mother an art teacher who in 1882 helped and found the Cleveland School of Art. Kester was educated by home tutors and at private schools where he excelled in the dramatic arts.

His first success came in January 1892 with Countess Roudine, which premiered in Philadelphia at the Chestnut Street Theatre and opened a week later at the Union Square Theatre in New York City. Countess Roudine was a collaborative effort written with the actress Minnie Maddern Fiske.

In 1896 his adaptation of Edward Bulwer-Lytton's Eugene Aram was produced by  Walker Whiteside's company and in 1902 with George Middleton adapted the George W. Cable Southern romance The Cavalier that was staged at the Criterion Theatre with Julia Marlowe. Actress Annie Russell produced and starred in his 1906 Quaker tale Friend Hannah, written with the help of his brother, Vaughan.

Kester worked on nearly 30 plays over his career. His most successful Broadway effort was probably The Woman of Bronze, which ran for 252 performances between September 1920 and April 1921 at Manhattan's Frazee Theatre. He also authored a number of books, with His Own Country (1917) most likely the more popular.

Described as shy and diffident, Kester preferred country life to that of the city. In 1902, with his brother, he purchased and renovated Woodlawn Plantation in Northern Virginia. Five years later the two acquired nearby Gunston Hall, where Vaughan Kester died in 1911. A few years later Kester and his mother relocated to Belmont, an estate near Alexandria, Virginia, which is today part of the campus of St. Stephen's & St. Agnes School.
Kester spent his final years at Lake Mohegan, a small community near Peekskill, New York. He died there in 1933 at the age of 62, a victim of thrombosis. At the time the closest surviving member of his family was the mezzo-soprano opera singer Florence Wickham, a cousin. He is buried in the graveyard at Pohick Church, once the parish church of Gunston Hall; at one time he had as a member of the church vestry.

Selected works

Theatre
Kester's Broadway credits are recorded at the Internet Broadway Database.

 Countess Roudine (written with Minnie Maddern Fiske) – January 13, 1892 –  Union Square Theatre – Helena Modjeska
 Eugene Aram (from the book by  Edward Bulwer-Lytton) –1896 tour – Walker Whiteside
Sweet Nell of Old Drury – August 30, 1900 – Haymarket Theatre – Julia Neilson – January 1, 1901 Knickerbocker Theatre – Ada Rehan
When Knighthood Was in Flower (from the 1898 book by Charles Major) – January 14, 1901 – Criterion Theatre (Broadway) – Julia Marlowe
The Cavalier (from the book by George W. Cable) – December 8, 1902 – Criterion Theatre (Broadway) – Julia Marlowe
Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall (from the 1902 book by Charles Major) December 14, 1903 – New York Theatre – Bertha Galland
Don Quixote (from the book by Miguel de Cervantes) – January 27, 1908 – Lyric Theatre – E. H. Sothern
Beverly's Balance – Apr 12, 1915 – Lyric Theatre – Margaret Anglin
The Woman of Bronze (adapted from the play by Henry Kistemaeckers) – September 7, 1920 – Frazee Theatre (Broadway) – Margaret Anglin
Lady Dedlock (from Bleak House by Charles Dickens) – December 31, 1928 – Ambassador Theatre – Margaret Anglin
Tom Sawyer (from the book by Mark Twain) – December 25, 1931 – Alvin Theatre, Clifford Adams (Finn) and Preston Dawson, Jr. (Sawyer)

Novels
More information is available in the Paul Kester Papers at the New York Public Library.

Tales of the Real Gypsy (1897)
His Own Country (1917)
Conservative Democracy (1919)
 Diana Dauntless (1929)
The Course of True Love (1930)

His Own Country
Kester spoke of his novel His Own Country in the aftermath of World War I:
The Race problem is always with us, and as my story deals in a serious way with its more serious aspects, I do not think it can be untimely.  New phases of this great problem come up from day to day – but the problem itself is as old as history – very likely it will remain a problem to the end of history.  Racial differences and the prejudices resulting from them have always confronted practical statesmen.  The old method of dealing with them was by conquest, subjugation, or extermination.  Such methods are now obsolete.  Better ones must be found.  Understanding must precede intelligent action along any lines, and my reason – perhaps I would better say my justification – for writing His Own Country has been my hope and belief that it would bring some little considered phases of this menacing and mighty problem more clearly before the minds of readers who live remote from it, yet whose consent is necessary, as it should be in a democracy, to any adjustment of settlement of living conditions where the races are existing side by side.

"Home"
I want to go home To the dull old town With the shaded streets And the open square And the hill And the flatsAnd the house I love And the paths I know - I want to go home. If I can't go back To the happy days, Yet I can live Where their shadows lie, Under the trees And over the grass -I want to be there Where the joy was once. Oh, I want to go home, I want to go home.

References

External links

1933 deaths
Deaths from thrombosis
1870 births
American male novelists
American male dramatists and playwrights
19th-century American novelists
19th-century American dramatists and playwrights
20th-century American novelists
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
People from Delaware, Ohio
Novelists from Ohio
People from Mount Vernon, Virginia
Novelists from Virginia
19th-century American male writers
20th-century American male writers
People from Fairfax County, Virginia
Burials at Pohick Church Cemetery


The Susanne M. Glasscock School of Continuing Studies at Rice University offers the Houston community the opportunity to study personal and professional areas of interest. It is named in honor of an endowment from Susanne and Melbern Glasscock.

History
Established as the Office of Continuing Studies in December 1967, the school provides a bridge between Rice University and its Houston neighbors. Initially, classes were developed to teach area professionals about advances in their fields. From 1968 to 1972, between 150 and 200 students per year attended technical and business courses. In 1973, courses began to include humanities and subjects of general interest.
“Continuing Studies was indirectly responsible for launching a hit movie. When an Esquire Magazine editor spoke in the continuing studies publishing program in 1978, he was taken to Gilley's nightclub, and he later assigned an article for the magazine on the 'urban cowboy' phenomenon. The article was the basis for the 1980 hit movie of the same name, starring John Travolta and Debra Winger.”

In the 1990s, Continuing Studies developed more specialized technical courses. For example, “Advances in Tissue Engineering,” an annual event cosponsored by Rice's Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering was first presented in 1993. The Rice University Advanced Placement Institute began in 1995 to provide training for middle and high school teachers. In 1997, the Rice Technology Education Center, which provides advanced computer training and certification, was added (the RTEC program was suspended in 2008). In fall 2005, the school began offering its first degree-granting program, the Master of Liberal Studies program.

In January 2006, the school was renamed the Susanne M. Glasscock School of Continuing Studies in honor of an endowment from Susanne and Melbern Glasscock.

References

Universities and colleges in Houston
Personal development
Educational institutions established in 1967
1967 establishments in Texas


On October 29, 1960, a Curtiss C-46 passenger aircraft crashed shortly after take-off near Toledo, Ohio. The aircraft, a veteran of World War II, was carrying the Cal Poly Mustangs team of college football to a game against Bowling Green State University. Of the 48 on board, 22 were killed, including both pilots, 16 players, a student manager, and a Cal Poly football booster.

Investigation
The Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) investigated the accident and concluded that the Curtiss C-46 Commando aircraft had been overloaded by  above its maximum certificated gross takeoff weight of  and that there was a partial power loss in the left engine prior to the crash.

Prior to takeoff the weather at the airport steadily deteriorated: at 7 p.m. the visibility was 3/4-mile (1.2 km); down to 1/16-mile (100 m) at 8:37 p.m.; and zero at the time of the accident, 22:02 EST.  The CAB accident report states that stemming from the crash, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) published a notice in the Airman's Guide that prohibited takeoff for commercial aircraft when the visibility is below 1/4 mile (400 m), or the runway visual range is below .

In its final report, the CAB Probable Cause statement was "The accident was due to loss of control during a premature lift-off. Contributing factors were the overweight aircraft, weather conditions, and partial loss of power in the left engine."

Aftermath
The pilot who made the decision to take off was flying on a certificate that had been revoked, but he was allowed to fly pending an appeal. Following the crash, the Arctic-Pacific Company lost its certificate to charter airplanes.

Among the survivors was quarterback Ted Tollner, later the head coach at USC and San Diego State. At the time of the crash, Bowling Green State had been the easternmost opposing school ever to play football against Cal Poly. The university canceled the final three games of the 1960 season.

Hall of Fame coach John Madden, a Cal Poly alumnus who played for the Mustangs during the 1957 and 1958 seasons, had a fear of flying, which was commonly attributed to the crash, although he said it instead stemmed from claustrophobia. Madden was coaching at the nearby Allan Hancock Junior College at the time of the crash and knew many passengers aboard the aircraft.

As a result of the crash, Cal Poly did not play any road games outside California until 1969, a 14–0 loss at Montana in Missoula.  Cal Poly did not play another game east of the Rocky Mountains until 1978, a 17–0 loss to Winston-Salem State in North Carolina in the NCAA Division II playoffs. They did not play another regular season game east of the Rockies until 1989, a 45–20 loss to Angelo State in Texas.

Two weeks afterward, Life magazine published an article, "Campus Overwhelmed by Team's Tragic Flight".

In April 2001, the tragedy was examined in an ESPN Outside the Lines monthly special focusing on the evolution and frequency of travel in collegiate and pro sports. The segment, entitled "Have Game, Will Travel," included an interview with Tollner conducted by Lisa Salters.

Mercy Bowl
In the following season on Thanksgiving Day 1961, Los Angeles County Supervisor Warren Dorn and Bob Hope sponsored a "Mercy Bowl" in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum between Fresno State and Bowling Green State to raise a memorial fund for the survivors and bereaved families. The event raised about $200,000 from a crowd of 33,000 on November 23. Fresno State defeated Bowling Green in the game, 36–6.

In 2008 interviews with ESPN, several former Cal Poly players expressed interest in seeing the Mercy Bowl return for various contemporary charitable causes. Similar sentiments were expressed in a 2012 ESPN story about the game potentially returning in relation to other modern bowl games.

Campus memorials at Cal Poly

There are memorial plaques for the crash on the Cal Poly campus at Mott Athletics Center and the Mustang horse statue. A permanent memorial plaza opened with the new Alex G. Spanos Stadium. The memorial has 18 copper pillars, one for each of the Cal Poly-affiliated individuals who died in the crash. Each pillar rises to the height of the person honored and is adorned with a plaque about that individual's life.

On September 29, 2006, the 1960 football team was inducted into the Cal Poly Athletics Hall of Fame. The following night, former players and members of the crash victims' families stood at mid-field of Spanos Stadium during a halftime memorial.

See also
 List of accidents involving sports teams

References

External links
 Accident Report from the Civil Aeronautics Board
 May 1962 revisions to the report

 Mustang Memorial Plaza (PDF) – Dedication ceremony photos

1960 in California
1960 in Ohio
1960 in sports in California
1960 in sports in Ohio
Accidents and incidents involving the Curtiss-Wright C-46 Commando
Airliner accidents and incidents in Ohio
Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1960
Aviation accidents and incidents involving sports teams
Cal Poly Mustangs football
History of Toledo, Ohio
Lucas County, Ohio
October 1960 events in the United States
Transportation in Toledo, Ohio


Elverum Station is a railway station located at Vestad, on the west side of Glomma of Elverum, Norway. The station is on the Røros Line, in addition to being the terminus of the Solør Line.

History
It was opened in 1862 as part of the Hamar–Grundset Line. The current station building was drawn by Paul Armin Due and constructed as part of the Solør Line in 1913. The station is no longer staffed.

The restaurant was taken over by Norsk Spisevognselskap on 24 November 1921. They retained operation until 8 May 1931, when it was transferred back to private operation.

References

Railway stations in Hedmark
Railway stations on the Røros Line
Railway stations on the Solør Line
Railway stations in Norway opened in 1862
1862 establishments in Norway
Elverum


The Batar (, ) is a river in Ukraine and Hungary. It is a left tributary of the river Tisza, which it joins at Tiszabecs. Its source is near the village Cherna, about  east of Korolevo, in Vynohradiv Raion. It flows through the villages Cherna, Hudia, Kholmovets and Magosliget.

References
 River Basin Report: Tisza River – Young Water Action Team

Further reading
 «Каталог річок України» — Видавництво АН УРСР, Київ, 1957.
 «Ресурсы поверхностных вод СССР». — Ленинград, 1967.

Rivers of Hungary
Rivers of Zakarpattia Oblast
International rivers of Europe


The Harriet May Mills House or Harriet May Mills Residence is a historic home on the west side of Syracuse, New York. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. Extensive information on the restoration of the home and its former owners is archived on the now-defunct HarrietMayMills.org website.

Charles de Berard Mills and Harriet Ann Mills were abolitionists. Harriet May Mills, their daughter, was active in women's rights.  She co-founded a suffragette club, the Political Equality Club, in 1892, which grew rapidly. She was the first female to run for a major statewide office as a candidate of a major political party, running for New York State's Secretary of State in 1920.

See also
History of feminism
List of suffragists and suffragettes
Women's suffrage

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Houses in Syracuse, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Syracuse, New York
History of women in New York (state)