Mihai Timofti - Master of Arts (born September 19, 1948) is a director, actor, musician and professor from Chisinau, Moldova.

In 1965 he started his activity in the popular theatre "Contemporanul" (Art Director was the playwright Mr G.Timofte), where he appeared for the first time on the stage performing the leading part in the comedy of Mr G. Timofte "The Dreams and Troubles".

In 1967, he graduated from the E.Coca Musical School (now it is the Ch. Porumbescu Lyceum), the clarinet class & piano.

At the Moscow Festival of the Popular Theatres in 1967 Mihai Timofti was awarded two gold medals for the leading part in the comedy "The Dreams and Troubles" and for the music written to this play.

In 1971, he graduated from the G. Musicescu State Conservatoire (the faculty of Director of Drama).

From 1971 to 1981, he worked at the Moldova Film Studio. He turned out about 40 documentary and short musical films.

In 1985, he took an external degree of the N. Rimsky – Korsakov Leningrad (St. Petersburg) State Conservatoire, the faculty of Director of Opera.

Since 1993 Mihai Timofti is a citizen of Romania.

In 2007, M. Timofti was awarded the honorary title of "Master of Arts".

On March 25, 2019 - He was awarded the "Eugene Ureche" Award at the UNITEM 2019 Prize Gala, 18th Edition

Repertory

Director (Performances)
(From 1971 to 1981: Mihai Timofti turned out about 40 documentary and short musical films.)
The Drama performance "Macbeth" by W. Shakespeare
The Musical "Birthday of Leopold the Cat" by B. Saveliev (First staged in the Soviet Union)
The Musical "The Treasure of Captain Flint" by B. Saveliev
The Opera "Manon Lescaut" by G. Puccini
The Comic Opera "Dorothea" by T. Hrennikov
The Operetta "The king of Waltz" by J. Strauss
The Musical "Donna Lucia" by O. Feltsman
The Operetta "Silva" by I.Kalman
The Operetta "The Count of Luxembourg" by Lehar
The Musical "An Ugly Duckling" children’s opera by I.Kovach
The Operetta "The Story of the Lead Soldier" by D. Capoianu
The Operetta "Mademoiselle Nitouche" by F. Hervé
The Musical "Fantasy of Christmas" by Mihai Timofti
The Operetta Evening – "The Ball – Surprise" by Mihai Timofti
The children’s opera “Peter Pan” by L. Profetta
The Opera "Lucia di Lammermoor" by Donizetti
The Operetta "Rose – Mary" by Friml and Stothart
The Opera "Otello" by G. Verdi
The Opera "Carmen" by G. Bizet
The Opera "Aida" by G. Verdi
The Operetta "Die Fledermaus" by J. Strauss (English Version)
Theatrical Concert “Dor de Eminescu” ()
The Operetta "The Merry Widow" by F. Lehár
The Operetta "Die Fledermaus" by J. Strauss (Romanian Version)
The Opera "The Troubadour" by G. Verdi

Actor
The Musical "The Dreams and Troubles" by M. Timofti — Take
The Drama performance "Serghei Lazo" by G. Timofte — holder of order
The Drama performance "Victim" by G. Timofte — romanian officer
The Drama performance "A Noisy Love" by G. Timofte — Nicolae
The Film "Lăutarii" by E. Loteanu — Vasile
The Vaudeville "The Hussar`s Matchmaking" — Hussar
The Drama performance "The Death of Theodore Ioanovich" — Boyar Kleshnin
The Drama performance "The Dead Souls" by N. Gogol — Nozdryov
The Drama performance "Macbeth" by W. Shakespeare — Macbeth
The Musical "Birthday of Leopold the Cat" by B. Saveliev — Cat Leopold
The Operetta "Die Fledermaus" by J. Strauss (English Version) — Frosch
The Operetta "The Merry Widow" by F. Lehár — Njegus
The Operetta "Die Fledermaus" by J. Strauss (Romanian Version) — Frosch

Scenarist
The Musical "Fantasy of Christmas"
The Operetta Evening – "The Ball – Surprise"
Theatrical Concert “Dor de Eminescu” ()

Composer
The Musical "The Dreams and Troubles"

Selected performances

Orenburg Theatre of Musical Comedy (Director 1984-1985)
"Birthday of Leopold the Cat" by B. Saveliev
"Rose – Mary" by Friml and Stothart.

Saransk Musical Theatre (Head Director 1986-1988)
"The king of Waltz" by J. Strauss
The Comic Opera "Dorothea" by T. Hrennikov
"Donna Lucia" by O. Feltsman

Tomsk Musical Theatre (Director 1989-1990)
"The Treasure of Captain Flint" by B. Saveliev
"Dorothea" by T. Hrennikov

National Theatre of Opera and Ballet "Maria Bieşu" (Director and Actor 1990-present)
1990 – „An Ugly Duckling” children’s opera by I. Kovach
1991 – The Operetta Evening – “ The Ball – Surprise ” (the scenario written by Mihai Timofti)
The Operetta "The Story of the Lead Soldier" by D. Capoianu (National Opera and Ballet "Oleg Danovski", Constanta, Romania)
1992 – The Operetta “Mademoiselle Nitouche” by F. Hervé (The Musical Theatre, Galats, Romania)
1993 – The Opera “Lucia di Lammermoor” by Donizetti, The children’s opera “Peter Pan”
1996 – The Musical “ Fantasy of Christmas ” (the scenario written by Mihai Timofti)
1997 – The Opera “Carmen” by G. Bizet
2005 – The Opera “Aida” by G. Verdi
2006 – The Operetta “Die Fledermaus” by J. Strauss (English Version) (Director and the role of Frosch: Mihai Timofti)
2012 – Theatrical Concert “Dor de Eminescu” () (the scenario written by Mihai Timofti)
 The Operetta “The Merry Widow” by F. Lehár (Director and the role of Njegus: Mihai Timofti)
2013 – The Operetta “Die Fledermaus” by J. Strauss (Romanian Version) (Director and the role of Frosch: Mihai Timofti)
 Opera "Il trovatore" by G. Verdi
2014 – „An Ugly Duckling” children’s opera by I. Kovach

Tours
Russia, Spain, Ireland, Great Britain, Romania, Portugal, Germany, Switzerland ...

References

External links
 Official Site

  Interviu cu Maestrul Mihai Timofti by Gabriel Teodor Gherasim, New York City

1948 births
Living people
Moldovan theatre directors
Musical theatre directors
Moldovan film directors
Moldovan male stage actors
Moldovan musicians
Saint Petersburg Conservatory alumni


is a railway station in the town of Nagaizumi, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central).

Lines
Shimo-Togari Station is served by the JR Central Gotemba Line, and is located 55.6 kilometers from the official starting point of the line at .

Station layout
The station has a single island platform. The station building is to the east of tracks and connected to the platform with a footbridge. It has automated ticket machines, TOICA automated turnstiles, and a staffed ticket office.

Platforms

History
The station first opened on June 15, 1898 as Mishima Station on the original route of the Tōkaidō Main Line under the Japanese Government Railways. It was renamed Shimo-Togari Station on October 1, 1934 shortly before the opening of the Tanna Tunnel created a more direct route from  to  and led to the creation of a new Mishima Station further south. JGR became the Japanese National Railways (JNR) from 1946. Regularly scheduled freight operations were suspended from 1982. Along with privatization and division of JNR, JR Central started operating the station from April 1, 1987.

Station numbering was introduced to the Gotemba Line in March 2018; Shimo-Togari Station was assigned station number CB16.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2017, the station was used by an average of 1354 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

Surrounding area
Ayutsubo Falls
Numazu Technical High School

See also
 List of Railway Stations in Japan

References

External links

 Official website

Railway stations in Japan opened in 1898
Railway stations in Shizuoka Prefecture
Gotemba Line
Stations of Central Japan Railway Company
Nagaizumi, Shizuoka


Lance Selwyn Cousins (7 April 194214 March 2015) was a British scholar who specialised in the field of Buddhist Studies.

Biography
Born in Hitchin, Hertfordshire, he studied history and oriental studies at Cambridge University, and took up a post in the Department of Comparative Religion at Manchester University as lecturer and then senior lecturer. After early retirement in the 1990s he settled in Oxford and continued to publish scholarly papers and reviews including a widely cited historical summary such as "The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review article," which was published in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society.  He was a Fellow at Wolfson College University of Oxford and part of the faculty at the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies.  Prior to this, he was briefly President (2002/3) of the Pali Text Society (PTS).  Professor Richard Gombrich once described him as the leading authority in the West in the field of abhidhamma.

Cousins helped establish the Pali Canon on the web and assisted many publications being involved with a breadth of translations from Pali to English himself.  He had completed two books by the time of his death that are likely to be published soon.

He received several awards including honorary professorships incorporating recognition of his contributions from among other places the Mahamakut Buddhist University, Bangkok, Thailand in 2013.

In addition to his academic work, he was also a teacher of Buddhist meditation in a Thai samatha tradition being a founder member of the Samatha Trust and the Samatha Association.  He commenced samatha classes under Nai Boonman in 1963 at Hampstead.  He was instrumental in founding the Cambridge University Buddhist Society and its samatha class in the 1960s.  When he moved to Manchester in 1967, he started the Manchester University Buddhist Society and the class there that lead to the beginning of several similar classes in the rest of the UK and the eventual establishment of the Manchester Centre for Buddhist Meditation in Chorlton.  He was an influential teacher and conducted several retreats incorporating the UK, particularly at  the Samatha Centre, Greenstreete farm in Wales, The USA, Ireland and Sri Lanka.

He worked in the early 2000s with Somadeva Vasudeva, a visiting scholar from Kyoto University, on transliterating a number of sūtras of a newly discovered Dīrgha Āgama, including a fragment on when the consumption of meat is not appropriate for a monk. At the time of his death, he was preparing for publication a collection of lectures relating to meditation, to be edited by Sarah Shaw, and a translation of the Yamaka commentary and, with Charles Shaw, of the Yamaka. The first third of the latter has now been published: The Book of Pairs and its Commentary: A translation of the Yamaka and Yamakappakaraṇaṭṭhakathā, Vol I (2018), tr. C.M.M. Shaw and L.S. Cousins. It includes Lance's translation of the relevant portion of the ancient commentary, the Pañcappakaraṇa-aṭṭhakathā and is intended as the first of a planned three-volume translation of the whole Yamaka and its commentary.

Publications

Book-length publications

 1974. Buddhist Studies in Honour of I.B. Horner, ed. L .Cousins, A. Kunst and K.R. Norman. Dordrecht, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Co.
 1992. Special Issue in honour of K.R. Norman, Indo-Iranian Journal, ed. Cousins et al., 35 (2 & 3).
 1995. Mahāniddesa Part III (index volume). Oxford, Pali Text Society.
 1996. The Dispeller of Delusion (Sammohavinodanī), 2 vols, trans. Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli, extensively revised for publication, with annotations and index, by L.S. Cousins, Nyanaponika Mahāthera and C.M.M. Shaw. Oxford, Pali Text Society.
 1999. Reverse Index to the Mahāniddesa, with Y. Ousaka and M. Yamazaki, digital edition: http://hirose.sendai-nct.ac.jp/~ousaka/EngH.html

External links
Lance Cousins: An Obituary, Appreciation and Bibliography, Buddhist Studies Review vol.32, no.1, 2015

References

1942 births
2015 deaths
British scholars of Buddhism
British Buddhist spiritual teachers
Linguists of Pali
Theravada Buddhism writers


"Never Knew Love Like This" is a top ten US R&B hit song duetted by American R&B singers Cherrelle and Alexander O'Neal; released in 1988. The song peaked at #2 in the US R&B chart, #26 in the UK and #28 in the Billboard Hot 100.

It was the second time Alexander O'Neal and Cherrelle sang together. They sang "Saturday Love" together in 1985 on Cherrelle's gold album High Priority. "Never Knew Love Like This" is featured on Alexander O'Neal's 3× platinum album Hearsay which was released in 1987. The music video was filmed in London.

Track listing
 12" Maxi (Tabu TBU 651369 6)
"Never Knew Love Like This (Extended Version)" - 5:40
"Never Knew Love Like This (A Cappella)" - 3:30
"Never Knew Love Like This (Instrumental)" - 5:25
"Never Knew Love Like This (Reprise)" - 3:30

 12" Maxi Promo (Tabu ZAS 1049)
"Never Knew Love Like This (Saturday Mix)" - 6:53
"Never Knew Love Like This (Saturday Instrumental)" - 6:53
"Never Knew Love Like This (Street Mix)" - 4:57
"Never Knew Love Like This (Dubstrumental)" - 8:09

 7" Single (Tabu ZS4 07646)
"Never Knew Love Like This" - 3:22
"What's Missing" - 4:02

 CD Single (Tabu 651382 2)
"Never Knew Love Like This (Extended Version)" - 5:40
"Never Knew Love Like This (Instrumental)" - 5:25
"Never Knew Love Like This (Reprise)" - 3:30

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.
 Alexander O'Neal - lead vocals
 Jimmy Jam - drum and keyboard programming, keyboards, percussion
 Terry Lewis - percussion, backing vocals
 Cherrelle - lead and backing vocals
 Randy Ran - backing vocals
 David Eiland - saxophone solo

Sales chart performance

Peak positions

Covers
The song was covered by Pauline Henry featuring Wayne Marshall in 1996. It managed to enter the UK Singles Chart top 40, peaking at No. 40.

References

External links

1988 singles
Alexander O'Neal songs
Cherrelle songs
Male–female vocal duets
Pauline Henry songs
Songs written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
Song recordings produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
1987 songs
Tabu Records singles


was the fifth studio album released by the Japanese band The Blue Hearts. It was the first album by the band to reach #1 on the Oricon charts.

Tracks
"Minagoroshi no Melody" (皆殺しのメロディ Massacre Melody)
"Monkey" (M・O・N・K・E・Y)
"Kokoro no Kyūkyūsha" (心の救急車 Heart Ambulance)
"Ano Ko ni Touch" (あの娘にタッチ Touch That Girl)
"Homerun" (ホームラン)
"Nakanaide Koibito Yo" (泣かないで恋人よ Don't Cry, Lover)
"The Rolling Man"
"Tokyo Zombie" (東京ゾンビ)
"Happy Birthday"
"Tatakau Otoko" (闘う男 Fighting Man)
"Neon Sign" (ネオンサイン)
"Too Much Pain"
"Sasurai no Nicotine Yarō" (さすらいのニコチン野郎 Wandering Smoker)

Songs
Though only two songs from this album were released as singles, both "Minagoroshi no Melody" and "Tokyo Zombie" were released as B-side tracks of the single "Yume", which was part of the band's sixth album, Stick Out.

References

The Blue Hearts albums
1991 albums


Josemar Silva dos Santos or simply  Gil Bala  (born 18 October 1980 in João Pessoa) is a Brazilian former footballer.

Career
Gil Bala previously played for Yverdon-Sport FC in Switzerland, arriving in June 2000. He also played for Fluminense in the 2004 Copa do Brasil. He spent the following season with K.F.C. Germinal Beerschot in the Jupiler League.

References

External links
 Information and photo of Josemar dos Santos Silva at arsenal-kiev.com.ua

1980 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Yverdon-Sport FC players
Fluminense FC players
Beerschot A.C. players
FC Stal Alchevsk players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
Belgian Pro League players
Ukrainian Premier League players
Men's association football forwards
Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Switzerland
Expatriate men's footballers in the United Arab Emirates


Littleworth is a hamlet in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies on the Partridge Green to Maplehurst road 2.9 miles (4.7 km) north of Henfield.

Horsham District
Villages in West Sussex


Paul Martin Raymond (16 November 1945 – 13 April 2019) was an English keyboardist and guitarist, best known for playing in UFO and Michael Schenker Group. Raymond was the replacement for Christine McVie when she left to join Fleetwood Mac in 1969.

Early career
Raymond began his musical career in January 1964 as a jazz musician. His first professional group was also in 1964, as a member of Tony Jackson and The Vibrations, a group formed by Tony Jackson of The Searchers when he left in mid 1964.

He later joined Plastic Penny as their keyboardist/vocalist, and replaced Christine McVie (née: Perfect) in British blues band Chicken Shack when she left for a solo career, before she joined Fleetwood Mac. Raymond then joined Savoy Brown as their keyboardist/guitarist.

UFO
Raymond was recruited by UFO in 1976 to replace their first keyboardist, Danny Peyronel. He wrote songs for UFO, but because of a previous publishing deal, was not credited for these songs until recent years. When Michael Schenker left UFO, Raymond joined Schenker's new band, MSG, in 1981 and later joined UFO bassist Pete Way's  band, Waysted, in 1983.

Raymond worked with Phil Mogg, Andy Parker, along with Schenker and Way, in UFO from 1976-1980, 1984–1986, 1993–1998 and 2003–2019.

At the time of his death in 2019, UFO had just completed the first leg of what they referred to as their final world tour, dubbed "Last Orders: 50th Anniversary". For the remainder of the tour, Raymond was replaced by Neil Carter, who was also his replacement from 1980 to 1983.

Other works
He subsequently recorded with the former Fleetwood Mac guitarist Danny Kirwan, appearing on his first album, Second Chapter, released in 1975.

Raymond frequently toured with his own group “Paul Raymond Project”.

Personal life

He had three children. A  daughter named Zoe from his first marriage and a son called Alex and daughter Erika from his second marriage.

Raymond was left handed and played guitar with the strings inverted.

Death
Raymond died from a heart attack on 13 April 2019, aged 73.

Career timeline

 Tony Jackson and The Vibrations - 1964-1967
 Plastic Penny - 1967-1969
 Chicken Shack - 1969-1971
 Savoy Brown - 1970–1973, 1974–1976
 UFO - 1976-1980, 1984–1986, 1993–1998, 2003–2019
 Michael Schenker Group - 1980-1981
 Waysted - 1982–1984

References

1945 births
2019 deaths
English keyboardists
English male songwriters
English rock guitarists
English male singers
Musicians from St Albans
UFO (band) members
Michael Schenker Group members
Savoy Brown members
Chicken Shack members
Waysted members
English male guitarists


Edwin Arnold Vail (August 19, 1817 – July 31, 1885) was a physician and political figure in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Kings County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1857 to 1866, from 1870 to 1874 and from 1878 to 1885.

He was born in Sussex Vale, New Brunswick, the son of John Cougle Vail and Charlotte Hannah Arnold, and studied medicine in Edinburgh and Glasgow. He returned home and set up practice in King's County. He also served as surgeon for the local militia. In 1842, he married Frances Charlotte Cougle. Vail was an opponent of Confederation. He served as Speaker for the New Brunswick assembly from 1865 to 1866, when he was defeated in a general election. Vail was reelected in 1870 and again served as speaker from 1871 to 1874. He married Harriet Courtland Murphy in 1873 after the death of his first wife. He was defeated again in 1874 but reelected in 1878. Vail served as a minister without portfolio in the Executive Council from 1883 to 1885. He was president of the New Brunswick Medical Society from 1883 to 1884. In April 1885, Vail was named to the province's Legislative Council. He died a few months later in Sussex at the age of 67.

His brother William Berrian Vail served in the Nova Scotia assembly and the Canadian House of Commons.

External links
 Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

1817 births
1885 deaths
Physicians from New Brunswick
Members of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
Members of the Executive Council of New Brunswick
Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
People from Kings County, New Brunswick
Members of the Legislative Council of New Brunswick
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Colony of New Brunswick people


James Luke Cavanagh (21 June 1913 – 19 August 1990) was an Australian politician and government minister.

Cavanagh was born in Rosewater, South Australia and educated at the Dominican School in North Adelaide. He left school at 14 to work as a plasterer. He became an active member of the pacifist League against War and Fascism and continued to work as a plasterer during World War II. He was the Secretary of the Plasterers Society of South Australia from 1945 to 1962.

Cavanagh was elected to the Senate at the 1961 election. He was Minister for Works from 1972 to 1973, Minister for Aboriginal Affairs from 1973 to 1975 and Minister for Police and Customs in 1975. He did not stand for re-election at the 1980 election and retired from the Senate in June 1981.

References

1913 births
1990 deaths
1975 Australian constitutional crisis
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian Senate for South Australia
Members of the Australian Senate
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Australian plasterers
20th-century Australian politicians


José Leandro de Souza (born 14 May 1985), known as Zé Leandro, is a Brazilian footballer who last played for Paraná Clube for whom he signed in January 2009.
He previously played for Sociedade Esportiva Matsubara, Metallurg Donetsk and FC Arsenal Kyiv.

References

1985 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
FC Metalurh Donetsk players
FC Metalurh-2 Donetsk players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
Paraná Clube players
Ukrainian Premier League players
Men's association football midfielders
Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine


The Construction Project Information Committee is an advisory group, comprising representatives of major UK construction industry institutions, which provides best practice guidance on the content, form and preparation of construction production information, and disseminates this throughout the industry.

History
CPIC started as the Building Project Information Committee (BPIC) established in February 1987 by the RIBA, RICS, ACE, CIBSE and ICE. BPIC succeeded the Co-ordinating Committee for Project Information (CCPI) which had been established to provide guidance on efficient preparation of project specifications and production drawings.

Research has shown that many problems on site are caused by poor or missing production information. The evidence shows that improvements in the quality of production reduce the incidence of site quality problems and lead to significant savings in the cost of construction work. Modern CAD systems can contribute greatly to the quality and clarity of drawn production information and, if used in a collaborative way by the whole design team, will result in benefit for all the concerned: clients, designers and constructors. The Avanti approach had showed that the use of CPIC materials would improve the quality and reduce the costs of construction projects.

In recent years, CPIC has been a key player in the development of common industry approaches to building information modelling (BIM).

Code of Procedure for the Construction Industry
Effective communication of high quality production information between designers and constructors is essential for the satisfactory realisation of construction projects. This is addressed by the CPIC code of procedure, the essential reference on production information, which sets out principles and procedures based on the use of computers and offers a pragmatic approach in providing guidance to users of widely used 2D CAD systems. The guidance on specification is also based on the use of the dominant computer systems.

In a move that reinforces the close relationship between the drawings and specification, the code combines the original drawing and specification documents into a single guide. This has been extended to cover use of CAD and to take into account the use of schedules of work. It provides pragmatic guidance on use of drawings, specifications and schedules of work and the methods used to co-ordinate the information contained within. Key themes that appear in the code are standardisation, information re-use and information management.

The starting point for the guidance in the code is the creation of standards. From project inception, all parties should agree the methods and protocols of exchanging information. This includes not just CAD and specification, but also spreadsheets and word processing documents. Standardisation removes any barriers to exchange and improves the communication process.
BS 1192 relies heavily on the guidance in this code.

Uniclass
Uniclass is a classification scheme for the construction industry, the full name of which is "Unified Classification for the Construction Industry". It is intended for organising library materials and for structuring product literature and project information. It incorporates Common Arrangement of Work Sections (CAWS) and Electronic Product Information Co-operation (EPIC), a new system for structuring product data and product literature.

Uniclass comprises 15 tables, each of which represents a different broad facet of construction information. Each table can be used as a "stand alone" table for the classification of a particular type of information, but, in addition, terms from different tables can be combined to classify complex subjects.

Common Arrangement of Work Sections (CAWS)
CAWS defines an efficient and generally acceptable arrangement for specifications and bills of quantities for building projects. It consists of a set of detailed work section definitions, all within a classification framework of Groups and Sub-groups. The CAWS classification down to the level of work section titles forms one of the 15 tables of the Uniclass classification scheme.

Different titles often mean different things in different industry documents and to different groups of people. CAWS provides the detailed definitions in order to reduce needless variations and conflicts between documents and even within the same document. In practice this means concentrating on the boundaries to ensure that gaps and overlaps between sections are eliminated.

CAWS includes about 360 work sections. They are derived from close observation of current practice, following the pattern of sub-contracting in the industry.

CPIC members
Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)
Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists (CIAT)
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE)
Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)
Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE)
UK Contractors Group (UKCG)

Current documents published by CPIC
 Production information: a code of procedure for the construction industry
 Uniclass: unified classification for the construction industry
 Common Arrangement of Work Sections for Building Works

References

External links
 CPIC
 CAWS

Civil engineering organizations
Construction industry of the United Kingdom
Architecture organisations based in the United Kingdom


The Master of Veterinary Science (MVSC or MVSc) is a master's degree awarded for studies in the field of veterinary science. It can be awarded for research, a taught degree, or both.

Eligibility
Bachelor of Veterinary Science or equivalent degree. Applicants should have qualifications allowing them to practice as a veterinarian.

Coursework
The MVSc generally takes two years to complete with specialization in different areas of animal sciences including anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, animal nutrition, livestock production and management, livestock products technology, microbiology, virology, and animal breeding and genetics, veterinary medicine, veterinary surgery, gynaecology and obstetrics. Masters programmes in the field of pathology and parasitology are offered by some colleges and universities. The degree work may include internships or other practice requirements.

Outlook
It is reported that the veterinary field in general is becoming more female, and the number of women entering in Veterinary Medicine in Trakia University is at 66%. The degree is in great demand due to an increasing need for animal experts to ensure economic demands and to tackle zoonoses. MVSc postgraduates have great demand in government veterinary services (As Livestock Development Officer or Veterinary Assistant surgeon or Veterinary Officer) as well as in research, private practice and the development sector.

The degree also defines eligibility for research as senior research fellows and lectureship.

References

Veterinary Science, Master


The 2008 Ohio Democratic presidential primary took place on March 4, 2008 and was open to anyone requesting a Democratic party ballot. In 2008, any registered Ohio voter could on election day request a primary ballot of either the Democratic or Republican party, by signing an affidavit stating that they supported the principles of the party whose ballot they are obtaining.

Ohio sent 141 pledged delegates to the 2008 Democratic National Convention, which were awarded to the candidates proportionally based on the outcome of the election.  In addition, Ohio's delegation included 20 unpledged superdelegates not bound by the vote.  Hillary Clinton won the primary.

Delegate breakdown
The Ohio Democratic Party sent 161 total delegates to the National Convention. Of those delegates, 141 were pledged and 20 unpledged. The 141 pledged delegates were allocated (pledged) to vote for a particular candidate at the National Convention according to the results of Ohio's Democratic primary on March 4, 2008. The 20 unpledged delegates (popularly called "superdelegates" because each of their votes represented a personal decision rather than the decision of the voters) were free to vote for any candidate at the National Convention and were selected by the Ohio Democratic Party's officials.

The 141 pledged delegates were further divided into 92 district delegates and 49 statewide delegates. The 92 district delegates were divided among Ohio's 18 Congressional Districts and were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the primary results in each District. The 49 statewide delegates were divided into 31 at-large delegates and 18 Party Leaders and Elected Officials (abbreviated PLEO). They were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the primary results statewide.

Of the 20 unpledged delegates, 18 were selected in advance and 2 were selected at the State Executive Committee meeting on May 10, 2008. The delegates selected in advance were 9 Democratic National Committee members, the 7 Democratic U.S. Representatives from Ohio (including 2008 Democratic presidential candidate Dennis Kucinich, who had suspended his campaign before the Ohio primary), U.S. Senator Sherrod Brown, and Governor Ted Strickland.  Just before the election, nine of Ohio's 20 superdelegates had endorsed a candidate: five had announced support for Senator Clinton and four had committed to Senator Barack Obama.

Polling

Debate
Clinton and Obama appeared in a televised debate at Cleveland State University on February 26. They discussed negative campaigning, health care and free trade. Clinton echoed a theme her campaign had emphasized over the past days, that media coverage of her was much tougher than coverage of Obama, by referring to a Saturday Night Live skit that made a similar point from the weekend before.

Results
Clinton won the election by a comfortable 8.65% margin. Clinton won Ohio by running up margins the Appalachia region in southern Ohio, and the Rust Belt region in Akron, Youngstown, and Toledo. For his part Obama did do well in most of the major cities, winning in the counties that encompass, Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Dayton.

See also
 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries
 2008 Ohio Republican presidential primary

References

Ohio
2008
2008 Ohio elections


Lower Beeding is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. The village lies on the B2110, B2115 and A281 roads  southeast from Horsham, and is centred on Holy Trinity Church and The Plough public house, where the B2115 meets the B2110. The parish hamlets are Crabtree to the south of the village, and Ashfold Crossways and Plummer's Plain to the north-east. At Plummer's Plain there is a spring that is the official source of the River Ouse, which eventually reaches the sea at Newhaven.

In the early 13th century the monks of Sele Priory (St Peter's Church, Upper Beeding) began a mission to the area of St Leonard's Forest near Horsham, and established a small mission base, naming it Lower Beeding. Despite being some  away, Lower Beeding remained a part of (Upper) Beeding parish until Victorian times. The existence of Lower Beeding led to differentiation in the name of the original Beeding in some medieval sources, adding the 'Upper'.

A local landmark is Leonardslee Gardens, between Lower Beeding village and Crabtree; the gardens were closed to the public in 2010 but reopened in April 2019.

The South Lodge Hotel in Lower Beeding was the venue for the 2009 G20 Summit meeting of finance ministers.

Newells Preparatory School, in the village until 1968, is today at Handcross and part of Brighton College.

References

External links

Lower Beeding web site

Horsham District
Villages in West Sussex


Swings and Roundabouts is the debut album by the British dance duo Shanks & Bigfoot. The album was released on 31 July 2000 but failed to break the UK top 75 despite the success of its two singles. It is best known for the 1999 hit single "Sweet Like Chocolate", which reached No. 1 in the UK as well as being a top 10 hit in Australia and New Zealand.

Released a year after the runaway success of "Sweet Like Chocolate", the follow-up single "Sing-A-Long" failed to meet popular expectation, reaching No. 12 on the UK Singles Chart. The majority of the female vocals for the album were provided by Terri Walker.

Critical reception
The Guardian called the album "surprisingly palatable", writing that the duo "offer amiable kid's-party fare, now and then sneaking out a great pop song such as 'Like You'." The Scotsman wrote that "Walker's vocals are clear, vivid pop treats, but the album as a whole is so obviously directed at the commercial rewards of a string of top-ten hits that it loses all credibility."

Track listing
All songs written by Steven Meade and Danny Langsman.

"Sing-A-Long" – 3:31
"Spinning Wheel" – 3:24
"Five Miles Wide" – 3:22
"Sweet Like Chocolate" – 3:37
"King of Winter" – 3:32
"Like You" – 4:02
"Flower Without You" – 3:23
"Our Way" – 3:43
"Step to My Beat" – 4:56
"Trust in Me" – 4:04

Bonus tracks
"Sing-A-Long" (Wideboys Vocal Remix) – 4:45
"Sweet Like Chocolate" (Metro 7" Mix) – 3:14

References

2000 debut albums
Jive Records albums
UK garage albums


"The Lovers" is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the fourth single from the singer's second solo album, Hearsay (1987). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Cherrelle and Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the Hearsay singles "Fake", "Criticize", and "Never Knew Love Like This", "The Lovers" was released as the album's fourth single.

Release
Alexander O'Neal's 10th hit single and it reached #28 in the UK Singles Chart. In the United States, the single reached #41 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.

Track listing
 12" Maxi (Tabu 4Z9 07812)
"The Lovers (Extended Version)" – 7:02
"The Lovers (A Cappella)" – 5:16
"The Lovers (Radio Edit)" – 5:16
"The Lovers (Instrumental)" – 7:02

 7" Single (Tabu ZS4 07795)
"The Lovers" – 3:50
"The Lovers (Instrumental)" – 3:50

 CD Single (Tabu 651595 2)
"The Lovers (Extended Version)" – 7:02
"The Lovers (Bonus Beats)" – 5:00
"The Lovers (Instrumental)" – 7:02

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.
 Alexander O'Neal – lead vocals
 Jimmy Jam – drum and keyboard programming, keyboards, percussion, handclaps
 Terry Lewis – percussion, backing vocals
 Steve Hodge – percussion
 Cherrelle, Randy Ran, Lisa Keith – backing vocals
 Jellybean Johnson, James 'Popeye' Greer, Kelli Anderson – handclaps

Sales chart performance

Peak positions

References

External links

1988 singles
Alexander O'Neal songs
1986 songs
Tabu Records singles
Songs written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
Song recordings produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis


Serhiy Volodymyrovych Zakarlyuka (; 17 August 1976 – 6 October 2014) was a Ukrainian footballer and football manager.

Zakarlyuka has played for a number of clubs in Ukraine and played for the Ukraine national team on 9 occasions between 2002 and 2004.

Death
On 6 October 2014, Zakarlyuka was killed in a traffic accident 20 km outside Poltava (Velyka Bahachka Raion) which also injured fellow player Ruslan Levyha.

References

External links

1976 births
2014 deaths
People from Nikopol, Ukraine
Men's association football midfielders
Ukrainian Premier League players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
FC CSKA-2 Kyiv players
FC Shakhtar Donetsk players
FC Shakhtar-2 Donetsk players
FC Mariupol players
FC Metalurh Donetsk players
FC Metalurh-2 Donetsk players
FC Dnipro players
FC Elektrometalurh-NZF Nikopol players
FC Vorskla Poltava players
FC Poltava players
Road incident deaths in Ukraine
Ukrainian football managers
FC Arsenal Kyiv managers
Ukrainian men's footballers
Ukraine men's international footballers
Ukraine men's under-21 international footballers
Footballers from Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
FC CSKA Kyiv players


The 2008 Rhode Island Democratic presidential primary took place on March 4, 2008. It was an open primary. 21 delegates were awarded on a proportional basis.  Rhode Island's delegation to the 2008 Democratic National Convention also included 11 superdelegates whose votes were not bound by the results of the primary election. Hillary Clinton won the primary.

Delegate breakdown
The Rhode Island Democratic Party sent a total of 32 delegates to the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Of those delegates, 21 were pledged, and 11 were unpledged.  All of the 21 pledged delegates were allocated (pledged) to vote for a particular candidate at the National Convention according to the results of the Rhode Island Presidential Primary.  The 11 unpledged delegates were popularly called "superdelegates" because their vote represented their personal decisions, whereas the regular delegates' votes represented the collective decision of many voters.  The superdelegates were free to vote for any candidate at the National Convention and were selected by the Rhode Island Democratic Party's officials.

The 21 pledged delegates were further divided into 13 district delegates and 8 statewide delegates. The 13 district delegates were divided among Rhode Island's 19 Congressional Districts and were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the primary results in each District. Congressional District 1 chose 6 delegates and Congressional District 2 chose 7 delegates. The 8 statewide delegates were divided into 5 at-large delegates and 3 Party Leaders and Elected Officials (abbreviated PLEOs). They were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the primary results statewide.

Of the 11 unpledged delegates, 10 were selected in advance and 1 was selected at the State Executive Committee meeting on June 19, 2008. The delegates selected in advance were 6 Democratic National Committee members; the two Democratic U.S. Representatives from Rhode Island, Patrick J. Kennedy (District 1) and James Langevin (District 2); and both Democratic U.S. senators from Rhode Island, Jack Reed and Sheldon Whitehouse.

Polling

On March 2, 2008, the most recent opinion polling of likely Democratic Primary participants showed Senator Clinton leading her opponent, Senator Barack Obama, 42% to 37%, with 22% undecided.

Among Rhode Island's 11 superdelegates, ten had endorsed a candidate by February 2.  Eight had announced support for Senator Hillary Clinton, and two had committed to Senator Barack Obama.

Results

See also
 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries
 2008 Rhode Island Republican presidential primary

References

Rhode Island
2008 Rhode Island elections
2008


The 2008 Vermont Democratic presidential primary was an open primary that took place on March 4, 2008. Barack Obama won the primary, his only decisive win among the four March 4 contests.  The primary determined the 15 pledged delegates that represented Vermont at the 2008 Democratic National Convention.  The delegates were awarded to the candidates, Obama and Hillary Clinton, on a proportional basis.  Vermont also sent 8 unpledged "superdelegates", to the convention not bound by the results of the primary.

Delegate breakdown

The Vermont Democratic Party sent 23 total delegates to the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Of those delegates, 15 were pledged and 8 were unpledged. The 15 pledged delegates were allocated (pledged) to vote for a particular candidate at the National Convention according to the results of Vermont's Democratic primary on March 4. The 8 unpledged delegates (popularly called "superdelegates" because their votes represented their personal decisions rather than the collective decision of many voters) were free to vote for any candidate at the National Convention and were selected by the Vermont Democratic Party's officials.

The 15 pledged delegates were further divided into 10 district delegates and 5 statewide delegates. The 10 district delegates represented Vermont's single Congressional District. The 5 statewide delegates were divided into 3 at-large delegates and 2 Party Leaders and Elected Officials (abbreviated PLEOs).

Of the 8 unpledged delegates, 7 were selected in advance and 1 was selected at the Vermont Democratic Party's National Convention Delegate Meeting on June 7. The delegates selected in advance were 5 Democratic National Committee members, U.S. Representative from Vermont Peter Welch, and U.S. Senator from Vermont Patrick Leahy.

Delegate selection process

The Vermont Democratic Party used the results of the state's presidential preference primary on March 4 to determine the allocation of delegates to each presidential candidate. Though the primary was used for allocating delegates, the delegates themselves were selected in a caucus process. On March 22, the Party held a series of town-level caucuses to select its first tier of delegates. On May 24, the Party held its state convention in which the town-level delegates selected the 10 district-level delegates to attend the 2008 Democratic National Convention. The remaining 5 pledged delegates, plus the remaining unpledged delegate, were selected at the Vermont Democratic Party's National Convention Delegate Meeting on June 7.

Polls

On February 24, 2008, polls showed Sen. Barack Obama leading Sen. Hillary Clinton by an average margin of 24% (57% to 33%), with 10% Not Sure.

Results

See also
 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries
 2008 Vermont Republican presidential primary

References

Vermont
2008 Vermont elections
2008


The 2008 Mississippi Democratic presidential primary took place on March 11, 2008, with 33 delegates at stake. The winner in each of Mississippi's four congressional districts was awarded all of that district's delegates, totaling 22. Another 11 delegates were awarded to the statewide winner, Barack Obama. The 33 delegates represented Mississippi at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado. Seven other unpledged delegates, known as superdelegates, also attended the convention and cast their votes as well.

Polls

A poll of likely voters on March 9, 2008, showed Barack Obama leading Hillary Clinton 54% to 37% with 9% undecided.

Results

Analysis

Mississippi, with its heavily African American population, gave Barack Obama a large victory over Hillary Clinton by an almost two-to-one margin. According to exit polls, 50 percent of voters in the Mississippi Democratic Primary were African Americans and they opted for Obama by a margin of 92-8 compared to the 48 percent of Caucasian voters who backed Clinton by a margin of 70-26. Obama won all age groups, educational attainment levels and socioeconomic classes in Mississippi except senior citizens aged 65 and over who backed Clinton by a margin of 55-43. Obama won moderates and liberals, as well as self-identified Democrats by a margin of 67-30 and Independents by a 53-43 percent margin of victory. Clinton won conservatives and self-identified Republicans by a margin of 75-25. Obama also swept most major religious denominations – other Christians went for Obama 70-29; other religions 80-20; and atheists/agnostics 80-20 while Clinton won Protestants 56-39 and Roman Catholics 54-42.

Obama performed extremely well throughout the state of Mississippi and won over half of its counties. He performed best in the more rural parts of the state, especially in the Mississippi River Delta counties that are majority-black as well as Hinds County, which contains the state capital and largest city of Jackson and its suburbs which went largely for Obama. He also performed extremely well in Central Mississippi and Southern Mississippi, although the latter to a lesser extent. Clinton performed extremely well in rural counties that are predominantly white and politically conservative, especially in Northern Mississippi and Southern Mississippi along the Gulf Coast with the exceptions of the larger cities of Biloxi and Hattiesburg.

See also
 Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008
 Mississippi Republican primary, 2008

References

2008 Mississippi elections
Mississippi
2008


Syarhey Kuznyatsow (; ; born 3 November 1979) is a Belarusian professional football coach and former player.

Honours
Belarusian Premier League champion: 1999

External links

1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Minsk
Belarusian men's footballers
Belarusian expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC BATE Borisov players
FC Darida Minsk Raion players
FC Naftan Novopolotsk players
FC Metalist Kharkiv players
FC Metalist-2 Kharkiv players
SC Tavriya Simferopol players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
FC Granit Mikashevichi players
FC Dynamo Brest players
FC Bucha players
FC Kolos Kovalivka players
Ukrainian Premier League players
Ukrainian First League players
Ukrainian Second League players
Ukrainian Amateur Football Championship players
Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine
Belarusian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine
Belarusian football managers
Belarusian expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Ukraine
Expatriate football managers in Lithuania
FC Kolos Kovalivka managers
Ukrainian Premier League managers


Thomas Reginald Jacques (13 January 1894 – 2 June 1969) was an English choral and orchestral conductor. His legacy includes various choral music arrangements, but he is not primarily remembered as a composer.

Jacques was born in Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Leicestershire and obtained his first degree from the University of Oxford under Sir Hugh Allen, where he later became organist (1926) and fellow (1933) of Queen's College.  Dr Jacques occupied a succession of increasingly prestigious and influential posts in the music world, based mostly in Oxford and London. He conducted the Oxford Harmonic Society between 1923 and 1930 and the Bach Choir for thirty years between 1932 and 1960. He founded the Jacques String Orchestra in 1936. He became music director of the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts (CEMA) at its inception in January 1940.

Kathleen Ferrier was frequently a soloist under Jacques during that time, and performed her first London Messiah with him on 17 May 1943, an event which opened up her career. His string orchestra established the morning concert series at the first Edinburgh International Festival in 1947, and (beyond its core repertoire of Baroque music) also performed and premiered contemporary English works by composers such as Arthur Bliss, Arnold Cooke, Gordon Jacob and John Ireland. His string arrangement of Peter Warlock's Adam Lay Ybounden has recently been recorded.

He collaborated with Sir David Willcocks in compiling the popular first volume of Carols for Choirs (1961), which incorporates several of his better known arrangements. He was the first director of CEMA, the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts, forerunner of the Arts Council. Jacques suffered from ill health most of his life, a consequence of wounds received in World War One.  He retired from conducting in 1960. His address in the 1950s and 1960s was 12, St Mary Abbot's Place, Kensington. He was a guest on Desert Island Discs on 26 August 1963.

References

Bibliography
 Arthur Jacobs: 'Jacques, Reginald', Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (accessed 10 March 2021)

1894 births
1969 deaths
English conductors (music)
British male conductors (music)
People from Ashby-de-la-Zouch
Bach conductors
20th-century British conductors (music)
20th-century British male musicians


Brockley Lane is a closed railway station in Brockley, south London. It was opened in June 1872 by the London, Chatham and Dover Railway on its Greenwich Park Branch Line. It closed to passengers in January 1917 with the branch, but remained open as a goods station until May 1970 (the Great Northern Railway had constructed a coal depot there in 1883).

The site of the closed station is on Brockley Road, about 140 yards north-east of an open station now on the London Overground named Brockley, at a lower level on the London Bridge to Norwood Junction line, crossing under the former Greenwich Park branch. The line through Brockley Lane reopened to freight in 1929 and passengers in 1935 for trains from  to London Victoria via a new link into , but there has been no official suggestion that Brockley Lane might be rebuilt.

The entrance to the station was in use as a shop until it was destroyed by fire in 2004. Short sections of the platforms are still visible at the lineside as are traces of the entrances on both sides of the bridge.  The former stationmaster's residence opposite is now a private dwelling.

Future
According to the Department for Transport and the Transport for London rail prospectus report released in 2016, it has been listed as one of the Southeastern franchise planned improvements in the document entitled "New interchange at Brockley", suggesting that there might be a case to reopen the station.

A proposal to create a new Brockley Interchange station linking the existing Overground station with restored platforms at the former Brockley Lane site is included in the London Borough of Lewisham's 2019-2041 transport strategy, though with no funding as yet identified for the project.

References

Disused railway stations in the London Borough of Lewisham
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1872
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1917
Former London, Chatham and Dover Railway stations


Andriy Mykhaylovych Khomyn (, ; born 2 January 1982) is a Ukrainian retired footballer.

External links

1982 births
Living people
Ukrainian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
FC Borysfen Boryspil players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
FC Metalist Kharkiv players
FC Hoverla Uzhhorod players
Footballers from Kyiv
FC Dynamo-3 Kyiv players
FC Ros Bila Tserkva players
FC Borysfen-2 Boryspil players
FC Systema-Boreks Borodianka players
Ukrainian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Latvia


Louis Schilders is a Belgian engineer and businessman in healthcare ICT.

He graduated as an electrical engineer at the University of Ghent (Ghent, Belgium) and started his career as systems analyst, project leader and IT consultant working for several companies. He worked as a consultant at the European Commission for four years. In 1994, he founded MediBRIDGE, a medical information exchange platform. He was corporate chief information officer (CIO) of CMPMedica, a division of United Business media. In 2006, he became CEO of Custodix, a company specialized in data protection solutions for eHealth.

References

External links
 Louis Schilders (EMDMI)
 Louis Schilders

Belgian businesspeople
Ghent University alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Wyżyny is a district in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

History
Construction was started in the Wyżyny district on 3 May 1971. The development was intended to house around 60,000 inhabitants and was completed in 1982. Its main architect was Andrzej Modrzejewski.

Public buildings
 Church of the Holy Polish Brothers Martyrs
 Church Matki Bożej Fatimskiej
 Church  Sacred Joseph
 "Perła" pool
 Chemik Bydgoszcz Stadium

Schools
 Elementary school number 25
 Junior High number 16
 I.J.Paderewski Junior High number 17
 Synów Pułków Junior High number 38
 High school number 9

Main streets
 Pope John Paul II
 Glinki
 Szpitalna
 Bełzy
 Perłowa
 Polish Army

References

Neighbourhoods in Bydgoszcz


Waldir Guerra (born April 2, 1967) is a retired Salvadoran footballer who played for the El Salvador national football team during his career.

Club career
Guerra arrived in the USA as a refugee in 1982 and attended Bells High School for whom he scored 117 goals in his first three years, which was a record. As a senior, he played for American Professional Soccer League side Los Angeles Heat until they went out of business in 1990. Three years later he played for Los Angeles Salsa for whom he scored once in 22 matches in his first season.

He returned to his native El Salvador in 1997 to play for Águila. He topped the goalscoring charts of the 1999 Apertura.

International career
Guerra made his debut for El Salvador in an April 1997 friendly match against Guatemala in which he immediately scored a goal, and has earned a total of 13 caps, scoring 3 goals. He has represented his country in 2 FIFA World Cup qualification matches and played at the 1997 and 1999 UNCAF Nations Cups as well as at the 1998 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

His final international game was a March 1999 UNCAF Nations Cup match against Guatemala.

International goals
Scores and results list El Salvador's goal tally first.

References

External links

1967 births
Living people
People from San Vicente, El Salvador
Men's association football forwards
Salvadoran men's footballers
El Salvador men's international footballers
1998 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Los Angeles Heat players
Los Angeles Salsa players
C.D. Águila footballers
American Professional Soccer League players
Salvadoran expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Salvadoran expatriate sportspeople in the United States


Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray (2 February 1840 – 4 July 1910) was a French Breton composer, pianist, and professor of music history/theory at the Conservatoire de Paris as well as a Prix de Rome laureate. He was born at Nantes and died at Vernouillet, near Dreux. Debussy was one of his protégés.

Career
His bucolic upbringing near the family estate of Grézillières certainly added to his eventual fascination with the folklore, music, and culture of Brittany and other nations. Later in life, Bourgault would support the Breton Regionalist Union, an organization indebted to the propagation of Breton culture, ideals, and the notions of independence. He was also represented in the Goursez.

Bourgault was from a family of considerable political and ancestral influence. His uncle was Adolphe Billault, the famous minister of the Second Empire, personally selected by Napoleon III to act as France's Interior Minister from 1854-1858. Another of his uncles, Jules Rieffel, from Alsace, founded one of France's first agricultural schools called the École nationale supérieure agronomique de Rennes. His father was an important businessman, ship owner and munitions expert.

These family connections enabled him to study law before switching to music at the Paris Conservatoire under Ambroise Thomas, where he obtained the prestigious Prix de Rome in 1862 with his cantata Louise de Mézières. He served in the Franco-Prussian War and was wounded during the siege of Paris, receiving the Medaille militaire for conspicuous bravery. In 1874 he visited Greece, where he began studying Greek church music and folk music. In 1878 he was appointed professor of music history at the Paris Conservatoire. Among his many pupils were Charles Koechlin and Claude Debussy. Through music-making and time spent at the Villa Medici in Rome, he became good friends with Jules Massenet.

While living at the Villa Medici in Rome, his reserved personality did not serve him well. "Bourgault-Ducoudray was reserved and did not mix too frequently with the other pensioners" (Irvine, p. 30). Jules Massenet was one of those pensioners. Massenet had come the year after Bourgault-Ducoudray. Massenet wrote to Ambroise Thomas about an encounter with Bourgault-Ducoudray. Irvine summarizes: "One morning in March (1864), the reserved Bourgault-Ducoudray had finally paid Massenet a visit. They played bits of Bach's St Matthew Passion and other Passions, which Bourgault had not known before. Early in April (1864), Bourgault left to join his family in Naples, expecting to return to Rome only for the three summer months to write his envoi". His second envoi [first is not known at present] was a French opera titled Meo Patacca on a text by Berneri. On 27 November 1864, Irvine says that Bourgault held a splendid garden party at the Villa Medici that was attended by 20 men and women from the Trastevere, the old Jewish quarter of Rome across the river from Campo dei Fiori. The attendees were required to dress in costumes from the early 19th century. The party roamed all over the grounds of the Villa Medici ending up "in a brilliantly lighted sculptor's Falguière's studio, where six musicians with mandolins and guitars provided music for the costumed dancers." Massenet – who, it seems, was Bourgault's only close friend – was a party guest. The party must have been memorable because Massenet recollected it many years later. Massenet wrote: "The weather was fine and the scene was simply wonderful when we were in the 'Bosco', my sacred grove. The setting sun lighted up the old walls of ancient Rome. The entertainment ended in [Jean-Alexandre-Joseph] Falguière's studio, lighted a  giorno, our doing. There the dance became so captivating and intoxicating that we finished vis-à-vis to the 'Transteverines' in the final salturrele. They all smoked, ate, and drank – the women especially liked our punch". Bourgault left the Villa Medici on Christmas Eve, 1864.

Bourgault had an immense interest in foreign music, but one of his more obsessive interests lay in pentatonic Eastern scales.  Anachronistic for the time, he composed a two-part work in 1882 called Rapsodie cambodgienne with genuine gamelan instruments and Cambodian musical themes. The eventual performance of this piece in 1889 was spurred on by Bourgault and Debussy's attending of the World's Fair in Paris during the latter half of 1889. Between 1883 and 1892 Bourgault met with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky a number of times to discuss the burgeoning Russian composers as well as each composer's endeavours.

Bourgault was also interested in historical figures, notably fellow Bretons, and in collecting and editing Breton folk music, of which he was a pioneer. He wrote operas dealing with both Vasco da Gama and Anne of Brittany. He wrote many other operas, choral works and orchestral music and published several collections of folksongs, mainly Greek, Breton, Irish, Welsh, and Scottish. Among his final compositions was a mass. He also wrote a biography of Franz Schubert. Bourgault's primary librettist was Louis Gallet.

He gave a lecture concerning his philosophy at the 1878 Universal Exhibition in Paris. He said:
No element of expression existing in a tune of any kind, however ancient, however remote in origin, must be banished from our musical idiom. All modes, old and new, European or exotic, insofar as they are capable of serving an expressive purpose, must be admitted by us and used by composers. I believe that the polyphonic principle may be applied to all kinds of scales. Our two modes, the major and minor, have been so thoroughly exploited that we should welcome all elements of expression by which the musical idiom may be rejuvenated.

Bourgault was one of the first western European composers to be influenced by what is now known as world music. His devotion led many other composers, including his student Debussy, to study it more intensely. He also taught Victoria Cartier, noted Canadian music educator.

Selected compositions
Stage
L'Atelier de Prague (1858), comic opera in 1 act
La Conjuration des fleurs (1883), "petit drame satirique", 2 acts
Michel Colomb (1887), comic opera in 1 act
Anne de Bretagne (1888), grand opera in 4 acts
Thamara (1891), opera in 2 acts
Myrdhin (1912), "légende dramatique" in 4 acts

Orchestral
untitled Symphony (1861)
Le Carnaval d'Athènes (1881)
Rapsodie cambodgienne (1882)
Danse égyptienne
L'Enterrement d'Ophélie (1877)

Chamber music
Anisykhia (Inquiétude) (1881) for violin and piano
Sous les saules (1881) for violin/cello/clarinet and piano
Abergavenny: Suite des thèmes gallois (n.d.) for flute and string quartet

Cantatas and oratorios
Louise de Mézières (1862), cantata (won Prix de Rome)
Stabat Mater (1868)
Symphonie religieuse "Vivus resurgit Christus" (1878)
Hymna à la patrie (1881)
Le Psaume de la vie (1884)

Songs
Trois Mélodies (Alfred de Musset) (1869)
Trente Mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient (1876)
Trente Mélodies populaires de Basse-Bretagne (1885)
Quatorze Mélodies Celtiques (1909)
Mélodies du pays de Galles et d'Écosse (1909)

References

External links

 Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray at compositeursbretons.com

1840 births
1910 deaths
19th-century classical composers
19th-century conductors (music)
19th-century French composers
20th-century classical composers
20th-century French conductors (music)
20th-century French composers
20th-century French male musicians
Academic staff of the Conservatoire de Paris
Breton musicians
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
French composers of sacred music
French male classical composers
French male conductors (music)
French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
French opera composers
French people of Breton descent
French Romantic composers
Male opera composers
Officers of the Legion of Honour
Musicians from Nantes
Prix de Rome for composition


This is a list of cities, town and villages in Northern Cyprus. The list first lists the Turkish name followed by the English name.

Lefkoşa District

Lefkoşa Sub-district

Total: 15

Quarters of Lefkoşa

Quarters of Gönyeli
 Gönyeli – Kioneli
 Yenikent

Değirmenlik Sub-district

Total: 13

Quarters of Değirmenlik
 Bahçelievler
 Başpınar
 Camialtı
 Mehmetçik
 Saray
 Tepebaşı

Gazimağusa District

Gazimağusa Sub-district

Total: 14

Quarters of Gazimağusa

Geçitkale Sub-district

Total: 15

Quarters of Tatlısu
 Aktunç
 Küçükerenköy
 Yalı

Akdoğan Sub-district

Total: 10

Girne District

Girne Sub-district

Total: 28

Çamlıbel Sub-district

Total: 15

Güzelyurt District

Güzelyurt Sub-district

Total: 12

Quarters of Güzelyurt
 Asağı Bostancı – Kato Zodeia
 İsmetpaşa
 Lala Mustafa Paşa
 Piyalepaşa
 Yukarı Bostancı – Pano Zodeia

İskele District

İskele Sub-district

Total: 17

Quarters of İskele
 Boğaz – Bogaz
 Boğaztepe – Monarga
 Cevizli – Cevizli
 İskele – Trikomo

Mehmetçik Sub-district

Total: 12

Other
 Kantara

Yeni Erenköy Sub-district

Total: 14

Quarters of Dipkarpaz
 Ersin Paşa
 Polat Paşa
 Sancar Paşa

Lefke District

Lefke Sub-district

Total: 11

Quarters of Lefke
 Denizli – Xeros
 Gemikonağı – Karavostasi
 Lefke – Lefka
 Yedidalga – Potamos tou Kampou

See also
List of uninhabited villages in Northern Cyprus

References

Northern Cyprus


Serhiy Yuriyovych Symonenko (; born 12 June 1981) is a Ukrainian retired football defender.

Symonenko started his career in Russia with Torpedo Moscow and then Alania Vladikavkaz before joining Chornomorets Odesa in 2002. After making over 100 appearances in all competitions for Chornomorets he joined Arsenal Kyiv for the start of the 2007–08 season.

In 2004, he played for the Ukraine national team. Symonenko made his debut for Ukraine on 18 February 2004 in an away draw with Libya (1:1). He was replaced on 62nd minute by Vyacheslav Checher.

External links

Profile on soccer.ru

1981 births
Living people
People from Kupiansk
Ukrainian men's footballers
Ukraine men's youth international footballers
Ukraine men's international footballers
Men's association football defenders
FC Torpedo Moscow players
FC Torpedo-2 players
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
FC Chornomorets Odesa players
FC Chornomorets-2 Odesa players
FC Sevastopol players
FC Bunyodkor players
Ukrainian Premier League players
Russian Premier League players
Ukrainian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Russia
Expatriate men's footballers in Uzbekistan
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Uzbekistan
Footballers from Kharkiv Oblast


The 2008 Texas Democratic presidential primary and caucuses were a series of events to determine the delegates that the Texas Democratic Party sent to the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Delegates were selected using results from two sources: the Texas Presidential Primary held on March 4 by the Secretary of State of Texas's office, and a series of caucus events held between March 4 and June 7 by the Texas Democratic Party. The indecisive results of Super Tuesday, and the fact that Texas had the largest number of delegates among the states remaining on the Democratic primary calendar, resulted in the Texas primary receiving significant attention from both the Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama campaigns.

Of 12,752,417 registered voters, 22.49% turned out.  The contest between the two candidates was very close: Senator Hillary Clinton won the primary, while her opponent, Senator Barack Obama, received more support in the caucuses.  In the end, Obama secured 99 pledged delegates to Clinton's 94.

Delegate breakdown

The Texas Democratic Party sent a total of 228 delegates to the 2008 Democratic National Convention.  Of those delegates, 193 were pledged and 35 were unpledged.  Most of the 193 pledged delegates were allocated at the National Convention according to the results of the Texas Presidential Primary on March 4.  The 35 unpledged delegates were popularly called "superdelegates" because their votes represented their personal decisions, whereas the regular delegates' votes represented the collective decision of many voters. Superdelegates were free to vote for any candidate at the National Convention and were selected by the Texas Democratic Party's officials.

The 193 pledged delegates were further divided into 126 district delegates and 67 statewide delegates.  The 126 district delegates were divided among Texas's 31 Senatorial Districts and were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the primary results in each District.  The 67 statewide delegates were divided into 42 at-large delegates and 25 Party Leaders and Elected Officials (abbreviated PLEOs).  They were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the preference of the delegates at the State Convention on June 6–7.

Of the 35 unpledged delegates, 32 were selected in advance and 3 were selected at the State Convention.  The delegates selected in advance were 17 Democratic National Committee members, the 13 Democratic U.S. Representatives from Texas, and 2 Distinguished Party Leaders: former U.S. House Speaker Jim Wright and former DNC chairman Robert Schwarz Strauss.

Delegate selection process

The Texas Democratic Party used a combination of two processes to select delegates and determine how they would be allocated to each presidential candidate. First, the Party used the results of the primary process to determine how 126 of its 193 pledged delegates would be allocated to each candidate. Second, the Party used the caucus process to select its precinct, county, state, and national delegates, and also to determine how many of the remaining 67 pledged delegates would be allocated to each candidate. Many states require that candidates receive at least 15% of the total votes to receive delegates. The Texas Democratic Party only applies this requirement to the primary process and the final step of the caucus process, since those are the only two occasions in which the Party allocates delegates to candidates.

Primary

The Texas Presidential Primary was held on March 4. It was an open primary, permitting participants to vote for candidates in any one party, regardless of voters' party affiliations. Participants were then considered as restricted to that party for the purpose of calculations regarding primaries and runoff elections for the next two years. The Primary itself was funded by the Texas State Government and administered by the Secretary of the State of Texas's office. The Texas Democratic Party used the results of the Primary to determine how its 126 district delegates would be apportioned to each presidential candidate.

Unlike other states, and even the Republican Party of Texas, the Texas Democratic Party does not allocate its delegates to Congressional Districts. Instead, it allocates its delegates to the state's 31 Senatorial Districts. The number of delegates that the Party allocates to each District depends on the votes cast in each district for the Democratic candidates during two previous general elections: Chris Bell in the 2006 Texas gubernatorial election and John Kerry in the 2004 U.S. presidential election. One effect of this allocation scheme is that districts with a high population of African-American residents are awarded a higher number of delegates, while districts with a high population of Hispanic residents are awarded a lower number.

Primary polling places were open from 7:00 a.m. until 7:00 p.m. In accordance with the law, any voter in line by 7:00 p.m. was permitted to vote. The Texas Secretary of State had a web site that provides the location of polling places. The site also offered a list of contact numbers for local county clerks and elections administrators where voters may obtain polling place location information. The Texas Democratic Party's official web site also included information about the locations of polling places.

Caucuses

The Texas Democratic Party holds three tiers of caucus events to select its delegates: precinct conventions, County and Senatorial District conventions, and a State Convention.  The precinct conventions immediately followed the primary, a process in 2008 that was advertised as the "Texas Two-Step". Senator Royce West is chair of the Advisory Committee on the Texas Democratic Party Convention/Caucus System, which is charged with investigating the caucus system, including whether to retain the Texas Two Step. Former Texas Attorney general Jim Mattox testified against the Texas Two-Step at a hearing of Senator West's committee held in Austin.

Precinct conventions

The precinct conventions were held beginning March 4 at 7:15 p.m. (15 minutes after the Primary polls close) or after the last person in line at 7:00 p.m. had voted. At each precinct convention, participants chose Precinct Delegates to go to the County or Senate District conventions. The Texas Democratic Party allocated one Precinct Delegate to each precinct for every 15 votes cast for Chris Bell (the party's gubernatorial candidate) in the 2006 Texas general election.

Participation was open to anyone who voted in the Primary, whether they voted early, as an absentee, or on the day of the Primary. Participants had to sign in and provide proof that they voted in the Primary. Such proof could be provided in one of several ways: showing a registration card that was stamped at the Primary, producing an early voting receipt, providing an official photo identification that can be checked against a roll of early voters, or signing an affidavit (oath). Texas Democratic precinct conventions are governed by Robert's Rules of Order and Texas Democratic Party Rules. Participants arriving late to the convention could still participate but could not affect any voting that had already taken place.

When the time came to select the Precinct Delegates, participants declared their candidate preference, or that they were uncommitted, which is an option not available on the primary ballot. The participants in each presidential candidate preference group then chose the delegates to represent them at the County and Senate District conventions.

A total of 8,247 precinct conventions were held throughout the 254 counties in Texas, most of which were held at each precinct's Primary polling place.

Concerns had been raised in the media about the logistics in place for the precinct conventions in light of the unprecedented massive participation.  For example, in Harris County —of which Houston is the seat, and in which 874 conventions are scheduled— the highest primary turn-out in the past two decades was 78,000 in 2004, whereas 170,032 have already voted early in this year's Primary.  Typically about 5,000 people attend the precinct conventions held throughout Harris County; up to 100,000 were expected to participate this year.  In the event, there was an estimated turnout of one million throughout the state, and as of March 11 the final result of the caucuses in Harris County was unknown., as party volunteers were still collecting packets from that county's 874 precincts.  The Dallas Morning News reported a projected turnout of 1.1 million.  Overall, less than half of the precincts statewide had reported to the state Democratic party by mid-March.

County and Senatorial District conventions

County and Senatorial District Conventions were held on March 29. At each convention, Precinct Delegates chose the County Delegates (7,315 in total among all the conventions) to go to the State Convention. The Texas Democratic Party allocated one County Delegate to each convention for every 180 votes cast for Chris Bell in the 2006 Texas gubernatorial election.

State Convention

The State Convention was held on June 6–7. At the Convention, the 7,315 County Delegates plus 351 state superdelegates chose 67 delegates to go to the Democratic National Convention: 42 At-large Delegates and 25 Pledged Party Leader and Elected Official (PLEO) delegates. These 67 delegates, along with the 126 district delegates, brought the total for pledged delegates to 193. The delegates at the State Convention also chose 3 "add-on" unpledged delegates to attend the Democratic National Convention.

Polls

A poll of likely Democratic primary voters on March 2 showed Sen. Hillary Clinton with a statistically insignificant 50% to 49% lead, with 1% Not Sure.

Results

Primary results

Primary date: March 4, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 126 (of 193)

Precinct convention results

Convention date: March 4, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 0 (of 193)

Challenged results

On March 14, the Clinton campaign issued a letter to the Texas Democratic Party challenging the results of its precinct conventions. The letter proposed that the Party delay the County and Senatorial District conventions until it could provide the campaign with "presidential preference counts [that] can be made based on a review of each and every sign in sheet to determine eligibility of participants and delegates". Texas Democratic Chairman Boyd Richie issued a statement on March 17 rejecting the proposal, stating that the Texas Democratic Party "will not set up an unnecessary, ad hoc 'verification' process that could effectively disqualify delegates selected at their precinct conventions after the fact."

County and Senatorial District convention results

Convention date: March 29, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 0 (of 193)

State Convention results

Convention date: June 6–7, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 67 (of 193)

See also
 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries
 2008 Texas Republican presidential primary

References

External links
Texas Secretary of State information about the Texas Presidential Primary
Texas Democratic Party information about Texas Democratic caucus events
 List of National Delegates, Alternates and Standing Committee members elected 6/7/08 at Texas State Dem. Convention
Group of Texas Democrats Seeking to End the Texas Two Step

Texas
Democratic presidential primary and caucuses
2008
Texas caucuses


Andriy Mykolayovych Raspopov (; born 25 June 1978) is a retired Ukrainian footballer who last played for Belarusian First League club Vitebsk.

External links

1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Lviv
Ukrainian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Ukrainian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Belarus
Expatriate men's footballers in Azerbaijan
MFC Mykolaiv players
FC Enerhiya Yuzhnoukrainsk players
FC Dnepr Mogilev players
FC Dinamo Minsk players
FC Karpaty Lviv players
FC Karpaty-2 Lviv players
FC Arsenal Kyiv players
FC Granit Mikashevichi players
Simurq PIK players
FC Vitebsk players


"(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me" is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the fifth single from the singer's second solo album, Hearsay (1987). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the Hearsay singles "Fake", "Criticize", "Never Knew Love Like This", and "The Lovers", "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me" was released as the album's fifth single.

Release
The song O'Neal's eleventh top 40 single which reached #27 in the UK Singles Chart in July 1988, and #68 on the R&B chart in O'Neal's native United States.

Track listing
 12" Single (Tabu 652852 6)
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me" – 4:25
 "A Broken Heart Can Mend" – 3:40
 " You Were Meant to Be My Lady (Not My Girl) (Extended Dance Remix)" – 9:50

 12" Single Promo (Tabu ZAS 1429)
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me (Hateful Club Mix)" – 6:47
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me (Dance Dub)" – 5:50
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me (Bonus Beats)" – 3:21
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me (Ben Liebrand Remix)" – 6:41
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me (A Capella)" – 3:55

 7" Single (Tabu 652852 7)
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me (Edit)"
 "A Broken Heart Can Mend"

 CD Single (Tabu 652852 2)
 "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me" – 4:25
 "A Broken Heart Can Mend" – 3:40
 "You Were Meant to Be My Lady (Not My Girl) (Extended Dance Remix)" – 9:50

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.
 Alexander O'Neal – lead vocals
 Jimmy Jam – drum and keyboard programming, keyboards, percussion
 Terry Lewis – percussion, backing vocals
 Lisa Keith – backing vocals

Sales chart performance

Peak positions

References

External links

1988 singles
Alexander O'Neal songs
Songs written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
1987 songs
Tabu Records singles
Song recordings produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis


Sheikh Hashem Abd al-Rahman, also known as Hashem Abdul Rahman, was mayor of Umm al-Fahm, an Israeli Arab city in the Wadi Ara region of Israel.

A member of the Islamic Movement party in Israel, al-Rahman served as deputy mayor between 1989 and 1998.

Sources
New image for Umm al-Fahm Haaretz

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Arab politicians in Israel
Deputy mayors of places in Israel
Hebron University alumni
Islamic Movement in Israel politicians
Israeli Muslims
Mayors of places in Israel
People from Umm al-Fahm


Hana Svobodová is one of the three winners from the twelve (12) finalists of the nationwide search, Czech Miss, the Czech national beauty pageant which selects candidates for the international beauty competitions Miss Universe, Miss Earth, and Miss Intercontinental. The Ceska Miss 2008 edition was  held on February 2, 2008. As the pageant runner-up, Svobodova represented Czech Republic in the global search for Miss Earth 2008 beauty pageant in November 2008.

She is a student at the Masaryk University in Brno. She is studying Government Administration.

Miss Earth 2008
In the final competition of the eighth edition of the international beauty pageant Miss Earth, Svobodová was announced as one of sixteen semi-finalists who moved forward to compete for the title. She ended as one of the top 16 semifinalists of Miss Earth. The Miss Earth pageant was held on November 9, 2008 at the Clark Expo Amphitheater in Angeles, Pampanga, Philippines. Eighty-five delegates arrived from October 19, 2008 in the Philippines. The pageant was broadcast live via ABS-CBN in the Philippines and to many countries worldwide via Star World, The Filipino Channel and other partner networks.

References

External links
 Czech Miss official site

1988 births
Living people
Models from Prague
Miss Earth 2008 contestants
Czech beauty pageant winners
Czech female models


Achmad Nawir (June 30th, 1912 – April 1st, 1995) was an Indonesian doctor and footballer. Nawir played for the local club HBS Soerabaja and the Indonesia national football team.

Career
He is noted for captaining of the Indonesia national football team while it crashed out in defeat to Hungary at the 1938 FIFA World Cup, 6–0. Curiously, the other captain, György Sárosi, had a doctorate degree, the same as Nawir. Nawir wore his studious glasses for the match. Indonesia automatically qualified for the tournament after their original opponents, Japan, withdrew from the qualifying round. He is one of the few players to wear glasses in the World Cup. Nawir and most of his teammates only played in two international matches, one against Hungary in the World Cup and another against Netherlands, losing 9–2 in a friendly game just after the World Cup. It was the last international match for "Dutch East Indies", which became the independent nation of Indonesia in 1945.

Honours
HBS Soerabaja
 SVB Hoofdklasse: 1935–36, 1936–37, 1937–38, 1940–41

References

Hungary 6-0 Indonesia

External links

1911 births
1995 deaths
Indonesian men's footballers
1938 FIFA World Cup players
Place of death missing
Indonesia men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders


Sir Christopher Mark Le Brun PPRA (born 1951) is a British artist, known primarily as a painter. President of the Royal Academy of Arts from 2011 to December 2019, Le Brun was knighted in the 2021 New Year Honours "for services to the arts".

Biography
Le Brun was born in Portsmouth in 1951. From 1970–74, he studied for the DFA at Slade School of Art and for an MA at Chelsea College of Arts between 1974–75. He has taught and lectured at art schools, including Brighton, the Slade, Chelsea, Wimbledon and Royal Drawing School. A double prizewinner at the biennial John Moores Painting Prize, Le Brun was one of ten Shortlisted Prize Winners in 1978, and won 3rd Prize in 1980. His first solo exhibition was in 1980 with Nigel Greenwood Gallery and soon after he was included in international exhibitions such as the Venice Biennale and Zeitgeist at Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin. His international art include, "An International Survey of Recent Painting and Sculpture]" at the Museum of Modern Art, New York in 1984, "Avant-garde in the Eighties" at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in 1987 and "Contemporary Voices" at MoMA in 2005.

He was one of the five artists shortlisted for a monumental sculpture commission, the Ebbsfleet Landmark (Angel of the South) in 2008. In 2011, he was the chief co-ordinator of the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition. On 8 December 2011, he was elected president of the Royal Academy and interviewed about his role by the Guardian Professional Networks in 2013. During his presidency, he was closely involved in the most significant redevelopment in the academy’s 250 year history. Le Brun stepped down in December 2019. He lives and works in London and is married to the artist Charlotte Verity.

Printmaking

Le Brun is an experienced printmaker working in etching, lithography, woodcut and monotype. He had long term collaborations with Peter Kosowicz and Simon Marsh of the former Hope Sufferance Press as well as Paupers Press in London, Garner and Richard Tullis in Santa Barbara, Michael Woolworth Publications in Paris and Graphic Studio in Dublin. Most recently, he has been working with Paragon Press in London.

Works

City Wing, 2009–13, 1,050 x 325 x 60 cm, bronze. A monumental sculpture was installed on Threadneedle Walk in Bank, London in 2013.
A cast of his large bronze sculpture, Union (Horse with Two Discs) 1999–2000, was acquired by and installed at the entrance to the Museum of London in 2005. This was Le Brun's first large scale bronze.

Notable publications include Seven Lithographs 1989, Fifty Etchings 1991, Four Riders 1993, Wagner 1994, Motif Light 1998, Paris Lithographs 2000, Fifty Etchings 2005, Seria 2015–2016, Composer 2017,  Doubles 2018, New Painting 2018.

Public collections
His work can be found in museum collections including the Museum of Modern Art and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Yale Center for British Art, New Haven; Tate, the V&A and the British Museum, London; and Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney.

References

External links

 Profile on website Royal Academy of Arts

 Lisson Gallery, London
 Albertz Benda, New York

Living people
1951 births
Artists from Portsmouth
Alumni of the Slade School of Fine Art
English sculptors
English male sculptors
20th-century English painters
English male painters
21st-century English painters
English printmakers
Royal Academicians
20th-century British sculptors
21st-century sculptors
Knights Bachelor
20th-century English male artists
21st-century English male artists
Neo-expressionist artists


Smack On You is the debut album by Finnish rock band Smack, released in 1984. A remastered version was released in 1997 and it included five bonus tracks.

Singles
 "Criminal"
 "Little C**t"

Track listing

Original album
 "Good Morning Headache" (Manchuria, Claude) – 2:33
 "Run Rabbit Run" (Manchuria, Claude) – 2:22
 "Through the Glass" (Manchuria, Claude) – 4:01
 "Skin Alley" (Manchuria, Claude) – 2:41
 "Little C**t" (Manchuria, Claude) – 2:30
 "Completely Alone" (Manchuria, Claude, Cardong) – 4:23
 "Some Fun" (Manchuria, Claude) – 1:51
 "Ten Foot Cell" (Manchuria, Claude) – 3:46
 "Primitive" (Manchuria, Claude) – 2:15
 "Cemetery Walls" (Manchuria, Claude) – 3:47
 "Criminal" (Manchuria, Claude) – 3:17
 "No Peace on Earth" (Manchuria, Claude) – 1:23

1997 bonus tracks
 "Criminal" – 3:15
 "Little C**t" – 2:04
 "Walkin' on the Wire" (Manchuria, Claude, Smack) – 4:20
 "Blank" (Manchuria, Rane, Claude, Smack) – 2:48
 "I Wanna Be Your Dog" (The Stooges) – 3:51

Personnel
 Claude – vocals
 Manchuria – guitar
 Kartsa – guitar
 Cheri – bass guitar
 Kinde – drums

Charts

References

External links
 Smack

1984 albums
Smack (Finnish band) albums


Vincent "Ivanhoe" Martin (19249 September 1948), known as "Rhyging", was a Jamaican criminal who became a legendary outlaw and folk hero, often regarded as the "original rude boy". He became notorious in 1948 after escaping from prison, going on the run and committing a string of robberies, murders and attempted murders before he was gunned down by police. In subsequent decades his life became mythologised in Jamaican popular culture, culminating in the 1972 cult film The Harder They Come, in which he is portrayed by Jimmy Cliff.

His nickname comes from the term rhyging, also spelled rhygin, a variant of "raging". In Jamaican Patois it is used to mean wild, hot, or bad.

Life

Early career
Born Vincent Martin in Linstead, St. Catherine, Jamaica, he turned to a life of violent crime in his teenage years after moving to Kingston. Short and slim with an "effeminate" voice, he compensated by building a reputation for extreme violence. He was first arrested at 14 for wounding, for which he was sentenced to a birching. Further arrests for wounding and larceny followed, leading to a six-month stint in gaol. After this, he became part of a criminal gang and adopted a variety of pseudonyms, including "Ivanhoe", "Alan Ladd" and "Captain Midnight". In 1946 he was arrested for robbery, beginning his career of self-dramatisation by defending himself in court, irritating the judge with his "long-winded" and grandiose speeches. After a year in gaol, he was released, but quickly committed another robbery, for which he was convicted and sentenced to a five-year term. On 30 April 1948 he escaped from gaol. What followed was a period of several months during which he eluded police, ending in an intense six-week crime spree in West Kingston. Lurid reports about the spree appeared in the Daily Gleaner newspaper, which popularised his nickname "Rhyging".

Crime spree
The crime spree began when police attempted to capture him in August. After learning from an informer that he was at the Carib Hotel, several officers lay in wait for him there. Rhyging was in a room with a woman when the police burst in. He grabbed his gun and managed to shoot his way out, leaving one officer, a Detective Lewis, dead. Two other men were wounded: policeman H. E. Earle, and ex-sergeant Gallimore, a retired officer who was assisting. The killing of Lewis led the mayor of Kingston, Alexander Bustamante, to launch a major manhunt. Bustamante was a pallbearer at Lewis's funeral.

The following day he killed a woman named Lucille Tibby Young, the girlfriend of Eric Goldson, the man he believed had informed on him. He broke into her room and demanded she take him to Goldson. When she said she did not know where Goldson was, he shot her in the chest, killing her instantly. He then also shot the two other women who were in the room at the time, Estella Brown and Iris Bailey, wounding them. Immediately after this the police offered a £200 reward for the capture of Rhyging, dead or alive. Rhyging responded by writing an open letter to Detective Sergeant Scott, one of the detectives leading the search for him. The letter, which was published in the Jamaica Times, stated,

I have an arsenal of 29 shots and I am satisfied that I have made history for the criminal element in Jamaica. Don't think that I am going to kill myself because this will only serve to spoil my great record. But I hope that Detective Scott will train his men some more. I am going to show the police force what is lacking and what I can do."

He killed another man a few days later. Jonathan Thomas, an associate of Rhyging, was walking along the street with his wife when Rhyging appeared and shot him. He then attempted to kill another man, Selvyn Maxwell, but Maxwell managed to wrestle the gun from Rhyging's hand. Rhyging escaped after stealing Maxwell's car. He was also involved in robberies, possibly to fund a planned escape from Jamaica. He was suspected of robbing the White Horses Inn at Mary Brown's Corner (during which a security guard was tied up) and a store near Rousseau Road.

The crime spree made Rhyging famous. During the spree, he sent taunting messages to the press and made a photograph of himself holding guns. In a letter to the Daily Gleaner he gave his own account of the shoot-out at the hotel,

I decided to make a dash. I ran to the door with my pistol in my hand. I did not even have time to reach for my close (sic). I looked outside. I heard the sound of another shot. I see the men mean to make the end of me tonight, but I intend to carry someone with me. At that time I only had five shots with me....I put myself outside. I was hit in my right shoulder. That did not make much.... One shot fired from this crowd hit the butt of my gun. I fired back. I think I saw every man except one man who was staggering.

Police circulated a description of Rhyging at the time, which stated that he was "5-foot 3 inches" tall, but tended to wear shoes with high heels to improve his stature. He also had "several front teeth missing in the upper jaw", but sometimes wore false teeth. He tended to wear polarised sunglasses and had "a habit of looking backwards after every few steps, and spitting after every few words he speaks".

Death
Rhyging hid out with some friends for a while near his childhood home in St. Catherine, but police were informed of his whereabouts. He managed to flee to Lime Cay, but again police were quickly tipped off. On 9 September 1948, they swooped on his hideout. He fought off police for an hour, but was killed when he attempted a break-out. He died, aged 24, of gunshot wounds on the beach at Lime Cay. He had been shot five times in the head, and several times all over his body. He may have been hiding at Lime Cay while waiting for a boat to take him to Cuba. Police at the time believed that he intended "to board a boat which would take him out of the island or to someplace on the south-western coast of the island."

Rhyging's body was held at the city mortuary before being buried in a pauper's grave. Large numbers of people came to see the body of the notorious criminal, including Eric Goldson, who reportedly commented "The race is not for the swift. Rhyging you gone at last!" In order to avoid large crowds gathering to see his burial, police stated that they were taking the body to Spanish Town. He was taken to May Pen cemetery, where he was buried quickly without ceremony.

Posthumous fame
In the immediate aftermath of Rhyging's death the Gleaner ran stories exploring the life of the criminal; one, entitled "History of a Killer", was about his life, the other, "Who Was This Man with a Price on His Head", asked:

Who was Rhyging? This man with a price on his head whose twisted mind made him an enemy of society. Who was this five feet-three of ruthless killer who at the turn of last September blasted a blood-spattered path to newspaper headlines, with seven falling before his guns and three of the seven dead? Vincent Martin was his true name. In the puckish manner of his underworld comrades they named him Rhyging. Rhyging in their jargon means a man who is always on top. To them this snarling, boastful little gunman was top-notcher of the crime-filled west end.

Martin became a folk-hero for the poverty-stricken residents of the Jamaican ghettos of the 1940s, acquiring an anti-hero persona, "much like John Dillinger or Bonnie and Clyde". According to Kevin Aylmer, he became a "cultural icon of the Jamaican working class" because of his self-identification as a hero of "Hollywood 'oat operas', and his masculine swagger allied with an uncanny ability to seemingly appear and disappear at will". Shortly after his death Jamaican comedians Bim and Bam created a drama called Rhygin’s Ghost. A song about him entitled "Rhygin" is the B-side of Prince Buster's 1965 single "Ten Commandments". He is also the subject of Louise Bennett-Coverley's 1966 poem "Dead Man", written in Jamaican patois. The poem "balances acceptance of the moral propriety of his necessary demise against the vicarious thrill of identification with his apparently indomitable badness".

His life inspired the 1972 film The Harder They Come, Jamaica's first feature film, starring Jimmy Cliff as Ivan Martin and directed by Perry Henzell. In the film Rhyging is portrayed as a reggae singer and song writer, who is tricked out of the rights to his songs and is drawn into drug-dealing, but becomes famous as he achieves notoriety for his crimes. According to Cliff, "Rhygin was very much on the side of the people; he was a kind of Robin Hood, I guess you could call him". Together with the movie Ivan is also referred to in the song "The Guns of Brixton" by the rock band The Clash.

Michael Thelwell's 1980 novel The Harder They Come, derived from the film, is also a sympathetic account of his life, and portrays him as an innocent victim of con-men when he first arrives in Kingston.

The film was later adapted as a stage musical, with a script overseen by Henzell, and was first staged in 2006 at the Theatre Royal Stratford East, subsequently transferring to other theatres, with Rolan Bell playing the role of Rhyging.

Rhyging continues to play a role in Jamaican culture as a duppy (bogeyman) used to scare children.

References

1924 births
1948 deaths
20th-century Jamaican criminals
Jamaican murderers
Outlaws
People convicted of robbery
People from Saint Catherine Parish
People shot dead by law enforcement officers in Jamaica
Spree killers


Coveris is an industrial company with an operating unit in Vienna and owned by Sun Capital Partners, a private investment firm. Coveris is headquartered in Vienna and has 29 facilities located in Germany, France, the UK, Austria, Hungary and Egypt. It manufactures paper- and plastic-based flexible packaging for some brands. The company develops packaging for several types of products: food, pet food, medical devices, and industrial and agricultural products.

History

In 2018, Coveris sold its packaging business in the Americas to Transcontinental, Inc for $1.320 billion in order to pay debts. After the sale, Coveris had 44 facilities across 14 countries.

Also in 2018, Coveris announced the sale of its Global Rigid Business to Lindsay Goldberg LLC for €700 million. After the sale, Coveris had 25 facilities in 5 countries and over 3,800 employees. According to the company, the purpose of the sale was to "strengthen our balance sheet and fully focus Coveris on the flexible packaging market".

References

Companies based in Vienna
Private equity portfolio companies
American companies established in 2013


Fredrikstad Station () is a railway station located at the city of Fredrikstad in Norway on the Østfold Line. It is located about  from Fredrikstad Hospital. The station is served by regional trains between Oslo and Halden with hourly headway by Vy.

History
The station was opened in 1879 as part of the Østfold Line. A restaurant was established by Norsk Spisevognselskap on 1 January 1948.

References

Railway stations in Østfold
Railway stations on the Østfold Line
Railway stations opened in 1879
1879 establishments in Norway
Buildings and structures in Fredrikstad
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1870s


The 2008 Wyoming Democratic presidential caucuses were a series of events designed to determine the delegates that the Wyoming Democratic Party sent to the 2008 Democratic National Convention. The party was allocated seven pledged delegates to presidential candidates on March 8 during the Wyoming Democratic County Caucuses. The remaining five pledged delegates were allocated on May 24 during the Wyoming Democratic State Convention. There were six Wyoming superdelegates, so the whole delegation was composed of 18 delegates.

Process

The Wyoming caucus were open to all eligible voters who were registered as Democrats by February 22, 2008. A 15 percent threshold was required in order to receive delegates at any caucus site. Rather than the traditional caucus format, most sites used secret ballots which were then counted and delegates apportioned, without re-caucusing of nonviable groups.

Results

County caucuses

Caucus date: March 8, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 12

State Convention

Convention date: May 24, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 5

See also
 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries
 2008 Wyoming Republican presidential caucuses

References

Wyoming
2008 Wyoming elections
2008