Action in the Afternoon is an American Western television series that aired live on CBS from February 2, 1953, to January 29, 1954. The series originated from the studios and back lot of WCAU, Channel 10 in Philadelphia, and was broadcast Monday through Friday regardless of the weather. The half-hour series aired variously at 3:30 pm or 4:00 pm, throughout its run.

The show starred singing cowboy Jack Valentine, who was backed up by the Tommy Ferguson Trio. Other characters included Jack's sidekick Ozzie, Sheriff Ace Bancroft, and Kate, who published the Huberle Record. Red Cotton ran the local saloon, the Copper Cup. The show could be very violent; the premiere left one character dead and one wounded.

Production
While ad-libbing his pitch for the series to the executives at CBS, vice-president Charles Vanda set the story in the fictional town of Huberle, Montana, a name derived from CBS executives Hubbell Robinson and Harry Omerle.

Action in the Afternoon is the only live daily western to appear on network television in the United States. Other live westerns existed, however Action in the Afternoon was the only one that did not include prerecorded film segments in the program. If things moved along too fast, or actors needed time to move between the indoor and outdoor sets, the time would be filled by Jack Valentine singing with the Tommy Ferguson Trio playing along.

The outdoor sets included a general store, a bank, a blacksmith shop, the Copper Cup saloon, and six stagecoaches.

Because the program was live and outdoors, music director Richard Lester (later to direct two Beatles movies) made every effort to hide the sounds of the world beyond the back lot. The sounds of airplanes overhead and trucks backfiring as they drove past the studio were covered with appropriate music. However, during one particular broadcast a very loud unscripted sound was heard, and was soon discovered to be a horse biting one of the many microphones hidden around the outdoor set.

Only a few video episodes of Action in the Afternoon remain.  They can be viewed at The Paley Center for Media in New York City. One episode can be streamed or downloaded at the Internet Archive.

John Zacherle, who appeared on the show, described it in an interview: "It was a half-hour every afternoon, five days a week. It was really very exciting. The show was set in, I seem to recall, Hubberly, Montana, [sic] in the 1880s. They built a lot of outdoor scenery, just false-front buildings, so you could ride in on a horse, and it looked like a town. They'd ride horses outside the studio, and then if there was a shootout, they'd scramble to get inside the studio. There was a barroom, a doctor's office. They had a horseshoe man, a newspaper man, a lady who ran the bar. They were the regulars. But every week, some stranger would come to town -- mostly nasty people who were trying to steal something. By Friday, the stranger would either end up in jail or chased out of town... or married. Ha ha! Then on Monday, another stranger would come into town, and they'd start all over again."

Reception
Three weeks into the broadcast, Time wrote that the "dialogue limps even more obviously than the camera" and that the series is "an experiment that needs a lot more work."

References

External links
1953: Action In the Afternoon - Video Vault News Story - WCAU - Philadelphia - Includes a streaming episode of Action in the Afternoon.

1953 American television series debuts
1954 American television series endings
CBS original programming
1950s Western (genre) television series
American live television series
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows


Tej leaf may refer to:
T. J. Leaf, American basketball player
Tejpatta or Bay leaf, aromatic leaf used for cooking


Vatana (, also Romanized as Vaţanā, Vaţanā’, and Vaţnā‘) is a village in Anzan-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Bandar-e Gaz County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 305, in 82 families.

References

Populated places in Bandar-e Gaz County


Wedgemere station is an MBTA Commuter Rail station in the southeast portion of Winchester, Massachusetts, served by the Lowell Line. The station has two side platforms serving the line's two elevated tracks. The 1957-built station building, largely unused, is adjacent to the inbound platform. After several years of work, the station was made fully accessible in February 2013.

History

Boston and Lowell Railroad

The Boston and Lowell Railroad (B&L) opened to  on June 24, 1835. Many of the present stations on the line opened soon after; the B&L opened Bacon's Factory station (soon renamed Bacon's Bridge) at Bacon Street in northwestern Medford by 1846. (That section of Medford became part of Winchester in 1851.) The nearby stone arch bridge over the Aberjona River was destroyed by an ice jam during spring runoff in 1852. The station was soon renamed Symmes Bridge, then renamed Mystic in 1858. After 1887, the B&L was leased to its former rival, the Boston and Maine Railroad, as its New Hampshire Main Line.

Boston & Maine

By the end of the 19th century, the station was known by its modern name, Wedgemere, after the surrounding neighborhood, and had a small station building on the east (outbound) side of the tracks. In the early 1900s, the B&M built a larger station building with an extended canopy on the west side of the tracks, which served for the next half-century.

In the early 1950s, the B&M began planning a project to raise the tracks of the New Hampshire Main and the southern end of the Woburn Branch for a mile through Winchester, eliminating troublesome grade crossings downtown. Construction began in 1955; boxy two-story brick stations opened at Wedgemere and  in 1957. The ticket office in the new station was closed in 1960 after just three years in service; thereafter, passengers bought tickets on the train. The station building hosted a coffee shop from 2008 to 2014.

MBTA era and accessibility

From the introduction of Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) funding in 1965 until the mid-2000s, Wedgemere station remained essentially static. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 required transit agencies to make certain stations handicapped accessible. A number of high-ridership stations on the MBTA Commuter Rail system were upgraded, but due to its relatively low ridership, Wedgemere was not chosen as a key station for upgrades. Wedgemere had older low-level platforms, and access from the street was via stairs only. Beginning in 2008, a local family lobbied the MBTA to make the station accessible; in July 2009, the Federal Transit Administration granted the MBTA permission to build mini-high platforms. (Full-length high level platforms would not have been possible because the Lowell Line is a designated freight corridor; full-length platforms cause operational difficulties with freight trains. Wedgemere does not have room for a dedicated freight passing track like Anderson RTC.) In February 2010, the MBTA announced that $2 million in federal stimulus funds had been allotted to the project, part of a grant that also funded construction of the John W. Olver Transit Center and repairs to the Red Line tunnels between Harvard and Alewife. The work was then intended to be finished by the end of 2010.

After delays due to concerns over nearby wetlands and the appearance of the ramps from street level, the Town of Winchester granted approval in March 2011. In April 2011, the MBTA began soliciting bids for the primary construction work on the station, worth $1.525 million. The scope of work included construction of the mini-high platforms and ramps from street level, as well as adding lighting, rehabilitating the low level platforms, and creating accessible parking spaces. After bids came in higher than expected, a $2.503 million contract was awarded in July 2011 with notice to proceed in August.

Construction was to be completed in mid-September 2011 ahead of the October deadline for stimulus funds, but a problem with town permitting in early September delayed the completion of the project. Construction resumed in November. The mini-high platforms, ramps, and new parking spaces opened on February 1, 2013, making the station fully accessible. Finishing work on platform reconstruction, lighting, and landscaping lasted the spring of 2013, culminating in a reopening ceremony in June.

Until December 2020, a small number of Haverhill Line trains ran via the Wildcat Branch and the inner Lowell Line, making stops including Wedgemere. Until May 2023,  and Wedgemere were flag stops outside of weekday peak hours. Effective May 22, 2023, they were made regular scheduled stops at all times.

References

External links

MBTA - Wedgemere
Station from Google Maps Street View

MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Buildings and structures in Winchester, Massachusetts
Former Boston and Maine Railroad stations


Thomas Hussey (born 25 January 1936) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1969 to 1981, and then a Senator from 1981 to 1993.

From County Galway, he was a farmer, auctioneer and insurance representative before entering politics. He stood unsuccessfully as a Fianna Fáil candidate for Dáil Éireann in the Galway East constituency at the 1964 by-election and in the 1965 general election. Hussey won a seat in the new Galway North-East constituency at the 1969 general election, and held it until the constituency was abolished in 1977. He then secured election in the re-created Galway East at the 1977 general election, but lost there in 1981. He stood again at the next three general elections, but never returned to the Dáil. He served as Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture from 1977 to 1980; and Minister of State at the Department of Social Welfare and Minister of State at the Department of Health from 1980 to 1981.

However, after his 1981 defeat he was elected to the 15th Seanad Éireann by the Agricultural Panel, and held that seat until his defeat in the 1993 Seanad election to the 20th Seanad, when he retired from politics.

References

1936 births
Living people
Fianna Fáil TDs
Members of the 15th Seanad
Members of the 16th Seanad
Members of the 17th Seanad
Members of the 18th Seanad
Members of the 19th Seanad
Members of the 19th Dáil
Members of the 20th Dáil
Members of the 21st Dáil
Members of Galway County Council
Politicians from County Galway
Ministers of State of the 21st Dáil
Fianna Fáil senators
20th-century Irish farmers
Agricultural Panel senators


Terzi is a surname.  People with this surname include:

Al Terzi, news anchor
Aleardo Terzi (1870–1943), Italian illustrator and poster artist
Amedeo John Engel Terzi (1872–1956), Italian scientific illustrator and entomologist
Andrea Terzi (1842–1918), Italian painter and engraver
Antonia Terzi (born 1971), Italian aerodynamicist
Claudio Terzi, (born 1984), Italian footballer
Cristoforo Terzi (1692–1743), Italian painter
Filippo Terzi (1520–1597), Italian military and civil architect and engineer
Francesco Terzi (c. 1525–1600), Italian painter
Francesco Lana de Terzi (c. 1631–1687), Italian Jesuit and aeronautics pioneer
Gianna Terzi (born 1980), Greek singer and songwriter
Giulia Terzi (born 1995), Italian swimmer
Giulio Terzi di Sant'Agata (born 1946), Italian diplomat and politician
Ludwig, Baron of Terzi (1740–1800), Austrian general
Margherita Terzi, Venetian pastellist of the eighteenth century
Mehmet Terzi, (born 1955), Turkish marathon runner
Orhan Terzi (born  1965), known as DJ Quicksilver, Turkish-born German DJ and music producer
Semih Terzi (died 2016), officer in the Turkish Army, shot dead during the 2016 coup d'état attempt
Zuhdi Labib Terzi(née Tarazi; 1924–2006), Palestinian Ambassador to the United Nations

See also
Terzis
The Tailor (TV series), a Turkish TV series also known as Terzi

Italian-language surnames
Turkish-language surnames


Sergei Gur (; born June 6, 1978) is a Belarusian former kickboxer from Minsk. He is a former 2004 WMF World Heavyweight Muay Thai champion and two time K-1 Italy tournament champion.

Biography
Sergei Gur entered K-1 in 2001, following the footsteps of his training partner Alexey Ignashov. He won his first tournament on April 21 in Milan, Italy, by three consecutive TKO's over Danilo Capuzi, Franz Haller and Rani Berbachi. On his next fight he was matched up against three time K-1 World champion Ernesto Hoost in K-1 Oceanian preliminarily held in Melbourne, Australia. Hoost won the fight in the first round by three knockdowns.

Gur's next tournament win in K-1 came in K-1 France GP 2004 held in Marseilles. The win qualified him for K-1 World GP The Battle of Bellagio III, held in Las Vegas, Nevada. Gur lost a hard-fought battle in quarter finals against Mighty Mo by unanimous decision.

Titles

Professional
2007 K-1 Fighting Network Latvia tournament champion
2007 K-1 Italy tournament runner up
2006 W.B.K.F. Muaythai Eurasian champion -93 kg (0 title defences)
2006 K-1 Italy tournament champion
2005 W.B.K.F. Muaythai Eurasian champion -93 kg (0 title defences)
2004 K-1 Marseilles tournament champion
2003 World Kickboxing Network (W.K.N.) European champion -96 kg
2003 Cup of Arbat tournament runner up -93 kg

Amateur
2005 W.A.K.O. World Championships in Agadir, Morocco  +91 kg (Thai-Boxing)
2004 W.M.F. Muaythai World Championships in Bangkok, Thailand  +91 kg
2000 I.M.T.F. European champion

Kickboxing record

|-
| 08/23/2016
| Loss
|  Turpal Tokaev
| Akhmat Fight Show
|
| KO
| 2
| 3:00
|-
| 02/09/2008
| Loss
|  Cătălin Moroşanu
| Local Kombat 27 "Porţile de fier"
| Severin, Romania
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 10/13/2007
| Win
|  Freddy Kemayo
| K-1 World GP 2008
| Budapest, Hungary
| TKO (Low kicks)
| 2
| 2:53
|-
| 11/30/2007
| Win
| Dzevad Poturak
| Night of Fighters 4
| Bratislava, Slovakia
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 06/09/2007
| Loss
|  Tomáš Hron
| K-1 Italy Oktagon 2007
| Milan, Italy
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 04/14/2007
| Loss
|  Patrice Quarteron
| K-1 Rules Kick Tournament 2007 in Marseilles
| Marseille, France
| TKO
| 3
|
|-
| 12/06/2006
| Loss
|  Alexei Kudin
| WBKF Eurasian Muay Thai title (+93 kg)
| Moscow, Russia
| Decision (Split)
| 5
| 3:00
|-
| 06/02/2006
| Loss
|  Ionuţ Iftimoaie
| Local Kombat 21, Romania
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 04/08/2006
| Win
|  Dzevad Poturak
| K-1 Italy Oktagon 2006
| Milan
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 04/08/2006
| Win
|  Freddy Kemayo
| K-1 European League 2006 in Bratislava
| Slovakia
| KO (Flying knee strike)
| 1
| 2:15
|-
| 01/20/2006
| Loss
|  Rani Berbachi
| K-1 Fighting Network 2006 in Marseilles, France
| Disqualification
|
|
|-
| 12/18/2005
| Loss
|  Ladislav Zak
| Heaven or Hell 5
| Prague, Czech Republic
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 10/12/2005
| Loss
|  Gregory Tony
| K-1 Italy 2005 Oktagon
| Milan
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 02/19/2005
| Loss
|  Jorgen Kruth
| WMC World Title
| Stockholm, Sweden
| Decision
| 5
| 3:00
|-
| 01/29/2005
| Win
|  Petar Majstorovic
| K-1 MAX Spain 2004
| Guadalajara, Spain
| Decision draw
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 10/30/2004
| Win
|  Roman Kupčák
| Noc Bojovnikov, Bratislava, Sloviakia
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 08/07/2004
| Loss
|  Mighty Mo
| K-1 World Grand Prix 2004 in Las Vegas II
| USA
| Decision
| 5
| 3:00
|-
| 04/24/2004
| style="background: #c5d2ea" |Draw
|  Petar Majstorovic
| K-1 Italy 2004
| Milan, Italy
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 03/27/2004
| Win
|  Jerrel Venetiaan
| K-1 World Grand Prix 2004 in Saitama
|Saitama, Japan
| Decision (Majority)
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 01/24/2004
| Win
|  Humberto Evora
| K-1 Marseilles 2004 World Qualification
| France
| KO
| 2
| 1:35
|-
| 01/24/2004
| Win
|  Christophe Carron
| K-1 Marseilles 2004 World Qualification
| France
| TKO
| 2
| 1:55
|-
| 01/24/2004
| Win
|  Matthias Riccio
| K-1 Marseilles 2004 World Qualification
| France
| TKO (Referee stoppage)
| 2
| 1:02
|-
| 12/24/2003
| Win
|  Zurab Besiashvili
| WKN European Muay Thai title (96 kg)
| Moscow, Russia
| Decision
| 5
| 3:00
|-
| 10/31/2003
| Loss
|  Mike Bernardo
| K-1 Final Fight Stars War in Zagreb
| Croatia
| TKO (Referee stoppage)
| 2
|
|-
| 05/31/2003
| Win
|  Noboru Uchida
| Tokyo, Japan
| Decision
| 3
| 3:00
|-
| 04/16/2003
| Loss
|  Vitali Akhramenko
| Cup of Arbat Tournament Final (-93 kg)
| Moscow, Russia
| Decision (Unanimous)
| 5
| 3:00
|-
| 04/16/2003
| Win
|  Sergei Shemetov
| Cup of Arbat Tournament 1/2 finals (-93 kg)
| Moscow, Russia
| TKO (Referee stop./leg injury)
| 1
|
|-
| 04/16/2003
| Win
|  Timur Porsukov
| Cup of Arbat Tournament 1/4 finals (-93 kg)
| Moscow, Russia
| Decision (Unanimous)
| 4
| 3:00
|-
| 02/06/2002
| Win
|  Nicholas Pettas
| K-1 Survival 2002
| Japan
| TKO (Doctor stoppage)
| 2
| 1:00
|-
| 06/16/2001
| Loss
|  Ernesto Hoost
| K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 in Melbourne
| Australia
| TKO
| 1
| 2:03
|-
| 04/21/2001
| Win
|  Rani Berbachi
| K-1 Italy Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary
| Italy
| TKO (Rib injury)
| 3
|
|-
| 04/21/2001
| Win
|  Franz Haller
| K-1 Italy Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary
| Italy
| KO
| 1
|
|-
| 04/21/2001
| Win
|  Danilo Capuzi
| K-1 Italy Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary
| Italy
| KO
| 2
|
|-
| 03/14/2001
| Win
|  Topi Helin
| Muay Thai World Championships
| Bangkok, Thailand
| Decision
| 5
| 3:00
|-
| 06/24/2000
| Win
|  Wahid Vueneki
| K-1 Belarus Grand Prix 2000, IMTF European Title
| Minsk, Belarus
| TKO
| 2
|
|-
| colspan=9 | Legend:

Mixed martial arts record

|-
| Draw
| align=center | 0-1 (1)
| Vygandas Grazhys
| Draw
| RF 2000 - Lithuania vs Belarus, Lithuania
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 20:00
|
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 0-1
| Andrei Semenov
| Submission (Armbar)
| M-1 MFC - Russia Open Tournament
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:17
|
|
|}

See also
List of male kickboxers
List of K-1 events

External links
Official K-1 Sergei Gur profile

References

Belarusian male kickboxers
Heavyweight kickboxers
Belarusian male mixed martial artists
Light heavyweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai
Mixed martial artists utilizing kickboxing
Belarusian Muay Thai practitioners
Sportspeople from Minsk
1978 births
Living people
SUPERKOMBAT kickboxers


Winchester Center station is a temporarily closed MBTA Commuter Rail station in Winchester, Massachusetts, normally served by the Lowell Line. The station, located on a viaduct in downtown Winchester, was closed effective January 8, 2021 due to structural deterioration. Winchester Center station was not accessible prior to the closure, but accessible high-level platforms are being added during renovations taking place from December 2021 to November 2024.

History

Early history

The Boston and Lowell Railroad opened between its namesake cities in 1835; local stops were added soon after. Woburn Gates station – later Winchester – was open by 1838. By the 1840s, service on the line was suitable for commuting to Boston. Elimination of the grade crossing at Winchester was considered in 1903 and 1906, and again in 1915. The 1915 proposal called for the tracks to be lowered by  and the streets to be raised by . The B&M installed bike racks at the station in 1942 in an effort to reduce parking needs.

In the early 1950s, the B&M began planning a project to raise the tracks of the New Hampshire Main Line and the southern end of the Woburn Branch for a mile through Winchester, eliminating troublesome grade crossings downtown. Construction began in 1955; boxy two-story brick stations opened at  and Winchester Center in 1957.

Until 1981, the Woburn Branch diverged from the main line just north of the Winchester Center platforms. A short stub is still in place.

Repair work

Winchester Center station had not been substantially renovated since the viaduct was completed in 1957. In September 2008, the MBTA approved $1.4 million in platform and ramps repairs, as well as electrical and lighting work, at the station. The work was completed in 2010; the MBTA intended to renovate the station before the 5-year life of the platform patches was reached.

On July 7, 2015, the Winchester Department of Public Works discovered a hole in the inbound platform, which prompted the closure of the northern  of the platform and one ramp due to concrete deterioration. One ramp and the remaining section of the platform remained open for service. The MBTA planned to make temporary repairs before the end of the year. Further repairs were made in 2017 to support the platforms and ramps.

Until December 2020, a small number of Haverhill Line trains ran via the Wildcat Branch and the inner Lowell Line, making stops including Winchester Center.

Reconstruction
The MBTA is making renovations to the station which will repair water damage and make it fully accessible. The station design was advanced to 15% in December 2011; Jacobs Engineering was then chosen as the contractor for final design in June 2012. Funding issues prevented this design work from beginning until 2013. It was later determined that the mini-high platforms of the 15% design were not sufficient for state accessibility requirements, and that full-length high-level platforms would be required. The town objected to simply changing the design to accommodate these platforms.

After several iterations, a new 15% design was reached in December 2015. The rebuilt station will have -long high-level platforms; although shorter than the  MBTA standard, they will still be able to platform 9 cars. A gauntlet track may be installed to allow CSX Transportation freight trains to pass. A new interlocking may be built south of the station, which will allow greater flexibility during construction and allow the retirement of the former Woburn Branch interlocking north of the station after completion. Although early designs called for replacement of existing ramps, the new 15% design added two redundant elevators at the southern end of each platform. The 1957-built station was originally to be demolished to make room for the elevators and staircases. The northern ramp to the outbound platform will be moved north of the adjacent rotary; the northern inbound ramp will be rebuilt at its present location south of the rotary, with the possibility of an additional ramp north of the rotary in the future.

Design of the station was then expected to be completed by the end of 2016, with the $25.8 million construction beginning in 2017. By October 2016, bidding was expected to begin that December. The MBTA designated $34 million in funding in 2016, but the projected cost rose to $54 million by 2018. By late 2019, the total project budget was $49.9 million: $7.3 million for design and $42.5 million for construction. By May 2020, the MBTA expected to begin construction in fall 2020, with completion in spring 2023. However, the project was put on hold in 2020 due to budgetary issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The station was closed effective January 8, 2021 due to deterioration. On January 11, the MBTA reinstated funding for the project due to the closure. The MBTA received a demolition permit on January 25. Demolition of the ramps was completed in June 2021. A $47.6 million construction contract was approved on October 27, 2021. The 28-month construction phase began in December 2021. Site preparation began in March 2022. Demolition of the remaining platforms and ramps took place in May and June 2022. Some demolition and utility work lasted through the remainder of 2022.

A formal groundbreaking ceremony was held on June 30, 2022. Construction was 25% complete by December 2022 and 30% complete by June 2023, with completion expected in April 2024. Work was delayed by plumbing code compliance issues, supply chain issues, and reduced work windows due to a September–November 2023 diversion of Haverhill Line service over the Lowell Line. , the southern portion of the new station is expected to open in July 2024, with the remaining portion open later that year.

References

External links

 MBTA – Winchester Center
 MBTA – Winchester Center Station Accessibility Improvements
 Church Street entrance from Google Maps Street View

MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Buildings and structures in Winchester, Massachusetts
Former Boston and Maine Railroad stations


The Allensbach Institute, formally the Allensbach Institute for Public Opinion Research or Allensbach Institute for Public Opinion Polling (), is a private polling institute based in Allensbach, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

History
Founded in 1947 by political scientist Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann and journalist
Erich Peter Neumann, and modelled after Paul Lazarsfeld's Wirtschaftspsychologische Forschungsstelle at the University of Vienna,
the Allensbach Institute was the first public opinion research institute in Germany,
depending primarily on the sale of market research studies for financing.
The institute conducted the "first [post-war] inquiry to assess former Nazi support",
and was contracted by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1950 to carry out monthly surveys of domestic public opinion.

In 1988, political economist Renate Köcher, a former advisor to Chancellor Helmut Kohl, became managing director of the institute alongside Noelle-Neumann, who was also the sole shareholder in the company. Noelle-Neumann transferred ownership of the institute to the Allensbach Foundation for Public Opinion Research () in May 1996.

The Allensbach Institute is noted for providing the most accurate prediction of the results of the closely contested 1998 German federal election.

Activities
The Allensbach Institute conducts market, media and social research, as well as political opinion research, and has performed polls on topics ranging from participation in sports
to "radio listening and newspaper reading habits"
to support for a European monetary union and economic and monetary union.
Deborah Ascher Barnstone, in a study of transparency in politics and architecture in Germany, asserted that the range of subjects covered by the Allensbach Institute makes it "an excellent source for information on the [German] general populace".

The institute is known for its annual New Year survey of the "state of the German soul" as commentator David Marsh, citing some 2012 and comparative results, termed it.

The institute employs roughly one hundred full-time employees, including about 25 scientists, and two thousand avocational interviewers, and conducts approximately one hundred surveys and 80,000 interviews yearly. Although the institute conducts surveys primarily of German public opinion, it has participated in or carried out multiple "international opinion research projects".

See also
 European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research

References

External links

 Statista (Publication and Analysis of Allensbach Institute surveys)

Organizations established in 1947
Public opinion research companies
Research institutes in Germany
Market research companies of Germany
Opinion polling in Germany
1947 establishments in Germany


Thomas Hussey may refer to:

Politicians
 Thomas Hussey (MP for Dorchester) (fl. 1395), English MP
Thomas Hussey (died 1558) (by 1509–1558), MP for Great Grimsby, Grantham and Lincolnshire
 Thomas Hussey (died by 1576) (c. 1520–by 1576), MP
 Thomas Hussey (died 1468), MP for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, Great Bedwyn, Old Sarum and Dorset
 Sir Thomas Hussey, 2nd Baronet (1639–1706), English member of parliament
 Thomas Hussey (Aylesbury MP) (1749–1824), English MP
 Thomas Hussey (Grantham MP) (died 1641), Royalist Member of Parliament for Grantham, 1640–1641
 Thomas Hussey (Lyme Regis MP) (1814–1894), British Member of Parliament for Lyme Regis, 1842–1847
 Thomas Hussey (MP for Whitchurch) (1597–1657), English merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1645 and 1657
 Thomas Hussey (Irish politician) (born 1936), former Fianna Fáil politician from County Galway in Ireland

Others
 Thomas Hussey (bishop) (1746–1803), Irish diplomat, chaplain and bishop
 Thomas John Hussey (1792–c. 1854), English clergyman and astronomer
 Tom Hussey (1910–1982), Major League Baseball announcer
 Tom Hussey (photographer), American photographer


Joseph-Alfred Foulon (29 April 1823 – 23 January 1893) was a French Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop of Lyon.

Life
Foulon was born in Paris and studied in the Saint-Sulpice Seminary. He was ordained priest on 18 December 1847 in Paris, where he taught for twelve years in the minor seminary.

He was elected bishop of Nancy on 27 March 1867. He took part in the First Vatican Council. He was promoted to the Metropolitan See of Besançon on 30 March 1882, and transferred to the Metropolitan See of Lyon on 26 May 1887. Pope Leo XIII created him cardinal priest in the consistory of 24 May 1889 with the title of Sant'Eusebio.

Cardinal Foulon died on 23 January 1893 in Lyon. His funeral pronouncement was made on 16 March 1893  and he was buried in Lyon Cathedral.

References

External links
The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary
Catholic Hierarchy data for this cardinal

|

1823 births
1893 deaths
Clergy from Paris
19th-century French cardinals
Cardinals created by Pope Leo XIII
Archbishops of Besançon
Bishops of Nancy
Archbishops of Lyon
Burials at Lyon Cathedral


Mishawum station is an MBTA Commuter Rail Lowell Line station located in the north part of Woburn, Massachusetts just north of the Route 128/I-95 beltway. The station has two side platforms serving the line's two tracks. Mishawum is a limited-service flag stop intended for reverse commuting to the adjacent office park, with no weekend service. With just 32 boardings on an average weekday in 2018, Mishawum is one of the least busy stations on the commuter rail system.

The Boston and Lowell Railroad opened in 1835, with a North Woburn station opened by midcentury. It was renamed Mishawum around 1885 when the Woburn Loop opened with its own North Woburn station. Served by only a handful of daily trains during the 20th century, the station closed around 1950. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), which took over Boston commuter rail service in the 1960s, opened a park and ride station at Mishawum in 1984. A 1989–1991 renovation made the station accessible, and Logan Express bus service began in 1992. It was replaced by Anderson Regional Transportation Center in 2001 and service was reduced to three daily round trips; the station has not been accessible since around 2007. An adjacent office building opened as transit-oriented development around 2010, but a planned apartment complex was not built. The station has been closed since December 14, 2020, as reduced schedules are run during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Station design
Mishawum station is located in the north part of Woburn, just north of the Route 128/I-95 beltway. The station has two side platforms serving the two tracks of the New Hampshire Main Line. The platforms, located in a cut, run north from near the 128/95 overpass and pass under Mishawum Road. At the north end of the platform are mini-high platforms; they are missing their platform edges, so the station is not accessible. A pedestrian level crossing connects the two platforms. A switchback ramp structure leads from the west (inbound) platform to an at-grade parking lot, which primarily serves an adjacent commercial development.

History

Former station
When the Boston and Lowell Railroad (B&L) opened in 1835, passenger service operated express between its two endpoints. Over the next several decades, a number of local stops were opened – often several in each town. North Woburn station was opened at Middle Street in the village of New Boston by the 1850s. On November 30, 1885, the Woburn Branch was extended north from Woburn to reconnect with the mainline at North Woburn Junction in South Wilmington. This new Woburn Loop had its own North Woburn station in the village center. Middle Street and the mainline station were soon renamed Mishawum, after the native name for what is now Charlestown (of which Woburn was originally part). The B&L was acquired by the rival Boston and Maine Railroad (B&M) in 1887.

Most local trains were rerouted over the new Woburn Loop. Mishawum station was a flag stop served by just three northbound and five southbound trains by 1917. It was served by one northbound and three southbound trains in 1929; by that time, only a small wooden shelter was available for passengers. Service to Mishawum was further reduced to one trip in each direction by 1946, and the station was abandoned entirely by 1952.

MBTA station

The northern part of the Woburn Loop, including North Woburn station, closed on June 14, 1959. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) was formed in 1964 to subsidize suburban commuter rail service, with the ex-B&L becoming its Lowell Line. The MBTA ended remaining Woburn Branch service on January 30, 1981. This left Woburn without any commuter rail stations save for Lechmere Warehouse station, a private station serving an industrial park.

By that time, a new station to serve Woburn was under development. In July 1978, the MBTA purchased an industrial site on the south side of Mishawum Road for a reported $560,000 for use as a park and ride station. Contamination from improperly dumped industrial waste was an issue at many sites in Woburn; 187 55-gallon drums of polyurethane resin were discovered at the station site during construction in 1979. The station appeared under several names on systems maps prior to opening: "Mishawum Park" in 1978, and "Mishawum Park-128" in 1980.

Mishawum station ultimately opened on September 24, 1984 – the first new station on the system since West Natick station, which opened in 1982. A 250-space parking lot on the west side of the station served Woburn residents and drivers from the Route 128/I-95 and I-93 expressways. By June 1985, the MBTA planned to add 500 additional spaces; this was soon scaled down to 250 additional spaces. The station was not originally accessible. With the pending passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act, the MBTA announced a $1.1 million renovation of the station on September 29, 1989. The project, which included mini-high platforms for accessibility and the 250-space parking lot expansion, was completed on May 17, 1991.

On November 16, 1992, Peter Pan Bus Lines began operating Logan Express bus service from Mishawum to Logan Airport via I-93 under contract to Massport, following the success of similar services running from Braintree and Shopper's World in Framingham. A waiting room and expanded parking lot were soon built for Logan Express passengers. The route was taken over by Paul Revere Transportation in November 1995. In September 1998, the MBTA introduced route 355 MBTA bus service, with two daily round trips between Mishawum and downtown Boston.

Replacement and continued usage

In the late 1990s, the city of Woburn began redevelopment of the Industri-Plex Superfund site north of Mishawum Road. The redevelopment included an office park, an interchange with I-93, and a regional transportation center. Built to serve MBTA Commuter Rail, Logan Express, and Amtrak Downeaster service, the Anderson Regional Transportation Center (RTC) had 2,400 parking spaces to replace the 600 at Mishawum. Located  north of Mishawum, it had direct access to I-93 via the new interchange and a larger station building for bus and train passengers. Logan Express service shifted to Anderson RTC effective April 8, 2001; full commuter rail service followed on April 28.

The MBTA originally intended to close Mishawum after Anderson RTC opened. However, Anderson RTC is further from the commercial and residential center of Woburn, and local officials and business owners desired to retain the stop. After pressure from local politicians, the MBTA agreed to keep Mishawum open as a limited-service reverse commute stop for workers who live in Boston. A bill in the state legislature to study reestablishing Mishawum as a full-time stop died in committee in 2002 and 2003.

During the 2004 Democratic National Convention held at the Fleet Center, commuter rail service was not operated into North Station due to security concerns about North Station's location under the arena. Lowell Line service operated only to , with bus service operated from several stations to downtown Boston The parking area at Mishawum was reopened for one week, with express buses (numbered as the normally unused route 53) running directly to South Station.

Development and renovations

The MBTA began planning for transit-oriented development around Mishawum station even before its 1984 opening. In 2004, the MBTA proposed a mixed-use development on the former parking lot with a fire station, residential units, and a hotel, but zoning for the plan was rejected by Woburn City Council due to concerns about high density in the primarily suburban city. In July 2005, two developers bought the 7-acre site from the MBTA for $7.2 million. In August 2006, the City Council approved the parcel as a "transit oriented development overlay district" allowing the construction of apartment buildings up to 7 stories high, in addition to other possible uses.

The Council approved a 210-apartment building and a 50,000 square foot office building with a below-ground garage in January 2007. Although local opinion favored a smaller residential building, 210 units was considered the minimum number to bring restoration of Mishawum as a full-time station into consideration. Environmental approval was granted two months later.

Construction of the office building also included a large ramp structure leading to the inbound platform to replace the old ramp. The office building, garage, and ramp were completed around 2010, but the apartment complex was delayed and ultimately never built. However, the outbound stairs and the south ends of the platform were never renovated and are closed off. The mini-high platform edges that were removed around 2007 to repair another station were not replaced, making the station no longer accessible. Bus route 355 was discontinued in July 2012 as part of general service cutbacks due to the MBTA's financial state, leaving Mishawum with no remaining bus connections. The abandoned Logan Express building was demolished in 2014 for the construction of a Dave and Busters, which opened in 2015.

With just 32 boardings on an average weekday in 2018, Mishawum is one of the least busy stations on the commuter rail system. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, weekday service to Mishawum consisted of three outbound trains during the morning rush hour and three inbound trains during the evening rush hour, with no weekend service. This was the same level of service the station had since 2001. Temporary reduced schedules based on existing Saturday schedules were in effect from March 16 to June 23, 2020. These schedules did not include Mishawum and five other limited-service stations not normally served on Saturdays. Temporary reduced schedules again went into effect on December 14, 2020, with Mishawum and four other stations not served.

References

External links

MBTA – Mishawum
Station on Google Maps Street View

MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Buildings and structures in Woburn, Massachusetts
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1984
1984 establishments in Massachusetts
Former Boston and Maine Railroad stations


Major-General Sir Archibald Edward Harbord Anson , , (16 April 1826 – 26 February 1925), was a British military commander from the Anson family.

Background and education
Anson was born at 32 Devonshire Place, London, the youngest son of Major-General Sir William Anson, 1st Baronet, and Louisa Frances Mary Dickenson, only child of John Dickenson, by Mary Hamilton his wife, only child of Charles Hamilton, son and heir of Lord Archibald Hamilton, 7th son of William, 3rd Duke of Hamilton. He had three brothers and three sisters, one of whom was his twin sister Louisa Frances Maria. He was taught Latin grammar by his father before he went to school. In 1834 he went to Reverend Dr. Pincknay's School and later in 1837 to Mr. Miller's school on Woolwich Common.

Career
Anson's military experience began from 1844 to 1847. He served in England, Ireland and Scotland from 1847 to 1855, Crimea 1855, Mauritius 1857–1862, and Madagascar 1862–1865. He returned to England and, after serving with the army in India, was appointed as the last Lieutenant Governor of Penang from 1867 to 1882. In his memoirs About Others and Myself, he describes the feeling of depression upon his appointment as Penang's Resident Councillor. It was during his appointment that the Penang Riots occurred. When the riots ended he negotiated a peace agreement between the contending parties; Red Flag and Tua Pek Kong members against the White Flag and the Ghee Hin. At that time he was the Acting Governor of Straits Settlements for several occasions between 4 March 1871 – 22 March 1872, 3 November 1873 – 4 November 1873, 3 April 1877 – 29 October 1877 and 10 February 1879 – 16 May 1880. Upon retirement from the Army, he was appointed as honorary Major-General. He later served as Sussex Inspector-General of Police and was a justice of the peace.

Family
Anson married in Limerick on 9 January 1851 to Elizabeth Mary Bourchier (who died 23 September 1891), daughter of Richard Bourchier, and by her, he had two sons and one daughter: Archibald John George Anson (1851–1929), Elizabeth Mary Louisa Anson (1852–1934), and John William Henry Anson (1856–1889). He married secondly on 15 May 1906 to Isabelle Jane Armistead (who died 11 May 1923), daughter of Robert Armistead of Dunscar, Lancashire.

Sir Edward Anson died, aged 98, in February 1925 and is buried at Hastings Borough Cemetery, Hastings, East Sussex.

Awards and honours
Anson was invested with Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG) in 1876 and Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George (KCMG) in 1882.

See also
 Anson baronets
 Corresp: Actions of Perak Expeditionary Force post-murder of Birch

References

1826 births
1925 deaths
Governors of the Straits Settlements
Governors of Penang
British Army major generals
British Army personnel of the Crimean War
Royal Artillery officers
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Edward
Younger sons of baronets
Burials at Hastings Cemetery
Administrators in British Singapore
Military personnel from London


Phạm Phi Nhung (10 April 1970 – 28 September 2021) was a Vietnamese-American singer, actress and humanitarian.  She specialised in Dan Ca and Tru Tinh music. She sang for Paris By Night and Van Son and also acted in their plays and Tinh production. She also recorded music for Lang Van. She performed several duets with singer Mạnh Quỳnh during her career.  She spent most of her time in Vietnam helping the poor and orphans.

Early life
Phạm Phi Nhung was born on 10 April 1970  in Pleiku, Vietnam to a Vietnamese mother and an American serviceman father. Due to her poor economic upbringing, Phi Nhung only received an education up to the 6th grade. As a child, Phi Nhung was unaware that her father was an American soldier who was stationed in Pleiku during the Vietnam War.

From a young age, Phi Nhung listened to Vietnamese folk music which later influenced her own music.

In 1982, Phi Nhung's mother died. Now orphaned, Phạm went to live with her grandparents. She became a financial caregiver to her five siblings.

Career
In October 1989, Phi Nhung emigrated to the United States as part of its immigration policy towards Amerasian war offspring. She moved to Tampa, Florida where she met Trizzie Phuong Trinh, a Vietnamese-American singer at a charity concert for a temple. Recognizing her talent, Trizzie advised Phi Nhung to go to California to pursue her dreams. Because she came late to this country, she was very hesitant. In 1993, she moved to Orange County, California.

Her first appearance on stage proved to not be spectacular, causing her to want to abandon her dreams of becoming a singer. Fortunately, thanks to the encouragement of female singer Huong Lan, Phi Nhung has decided to pursue her career as far as possible. Phi Nhung began to gain popularity after her duet  "Que River 1" with famous singer Thai Châu in Hollywood Night 15, after which she made a debut CD with voices of two great singers and American Huyen Vu Tuan. In a recent interview Phi Nhung had confided that to make it big in the music industry, she risked a lot of sweat and tears to pursue the profession, as well as having to self-selling CD's, and singing at music bars.

Phi Nhung returned to Vietnam in 2005 to perform, where her popularity began to rise.  Besides singing, she has had film roles, acted as drama artist, comedian and emcee.  When in the United States, she performed with CarbonWorks, a musical group founded by Neal Barnard, who also founded Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine.

In 2014, Phi Nhung accepted an invitation to become judge of a reality TV show searching for musical talent and lyrical Solo Bolero 2014. With the comment centered, detailed and reasonable music reviews, Phi Nhung was loved and admired by both contestants and the audience.
In 2015, Phi Nhung accepted the invitation to become guest judge of the Southern Star program (Jury Final Exam 5 night). Subsequently she also appeared in the role of judge of the Bolero 2 Solo 2015 season.

In early 2016, alongside Hoai Linh, Phi Nhung participated as a judge for the Southern Stars 2016 gameshow.

In early 2021, she participated in the game show of Ky Uc Vui Ve.

Personal life and death
Phi Nhung was Buddhist. She was a noted philanthropist, returning to Vietnam to participate in orphanage projects, starting a fund that cared for orphans at the Phap Lac Pagoda in Binh Phuoc Province. She adopted 19 children.

On 26 August 2021, Phi Nhung was hospitalized at Cho Ray Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City after contracting COVID-19. Her health deteriorated a month later, and she died on 28 September 2021, at the age of 51. Her remains were cremated and sent back to the United States days prior to her funeral. Her funeral was held on 12 October 2021, with members of Paris by Night attending. She was interred in Chùa Huệ Quang in Santa Ana, California later that day.

Discography

Studio albums

Collaborative albums

With Mạnh Quỳnh

With other artists

As part of Thúy Nga

Filmography

References

External links
Phi Nhung's official site
Phi Nhung's biography from Vietscape

1970 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam
American Buddhists
Vietnamese Buddhists
Vietnamese-language singers
Vietnamese emigrants to the United States
Vietnamese people of American descent
People from Gia Lai Province
Thuy Nga Productions
20th-century American singers
20th-century American women singers
21st-century American singers
21st-century American women singers


Brugmansia suaveolens, Brazil's white angel trumpet, also known as angel's tears and snowy angel's trumpet, is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae, native to south eastern Brazil, but thought to be extinct in the wild. Like several other species of Brugmansia, it exists as an introduced species in areas outside its native range. It is a tender shrub or small tree with large semi-evergreen leaves and fragrant yellow or white trumpet-shaped flowers.

Description
Brugmansia suaveolens is a semi-woody shrub or small tree, growing up to  tall, often with a many-branched trunk. The leaves are oval, to  long by  wide, and even larger when grown in the shade. The flowers, which tend to be white in colour, are remarkably beautiful and sweetly fragrant, about  long and shaped like trumpets. The corolla body is slightly recurved to 5 main points, but the very peaks in the true species are always curved outwards, never rolled back, and these peaks are short, only  long. The flowers are usually white but may be yellow or pink and hang downward from fully pendulous up to nearly horizontal.

The Latin specific epithet suaveolens means “with a sweet fragrance”.

Taxonomy
First discovered by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland, Brugmansia suaveolens was first formally described and published by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1809 as Datura suaveolens. In 1823, Friedrich von Berchtold and Jan Presl transferred these to Brugmansia suaveolens. Local common names include Maikoa, Huanduc, Maikiua, Tompeta del jucio, Tsuaak, Toe, Wahashupa, Peji, Bikut, Ohuetagi, Ain-vai, Baikua, Canachiari, and Ishauna.
There are thousands of cultivated Brugmansia hybrids, and the majority have at least some B. suaveolens heritage.  Some of the more popular cultivars include 'Dr. Seuss', 'Frosty Pink' and 'Charles Grimaldi'.

Distribution and habitat
B. suaveolens was originally endemic to the coastal rainforests of south-east Brazil, where it grows below  along river banks and forest edges with warm temperatures, high humidity, and heavy rainfall.  As a result of human interaction with this species, it can now be found growing in residential areas throughout much of South America; and occasionally in Central America, Mexico, California, Greece and even in parts of Florida.

Ecology
Fragrant in the evenings to attract pollinating moths, they hang half-closed during the day, but return to their peak again in the evenings.
Brugmansia have two main stages to their life cycle. In the initial vegetative stage the young seedling grows straight up on usually a single stalk, until it reaches its first main fork at  high. It will not flower until after it has reached this fork, and then only on new growth above the fork. Cuttings taken from lower vegetative region must also grow to a similar height before flowering, but cuttings from the upper flowering region will often flower at a very low height.
One interesting example of plant/animal interaction involves the butterfly Placidula euryanassa, who uses Brugmansia suaveolens as one of its main larval foods. It has been shown that these can sequester the plant's tropane alkaloids and store them through the pupal stage on to the adult butterfly, where they are then used as a defense mechanism, making themselves less palatable to vertebrate predators.
The species is invasive in New Caledonia.

Uses
Flower extracts of the plant have shown pain-killing (antinociceptive) activity in mice. This antinociceptive activity may be related in part to benzodiazepine receptors.  B. suaveolens is included in the Tasmanian Fire Service's list of low flammability plants, indicating that it is suitable for growing within a building protection zone. The flowers and the seeds are also traditionally used in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, mixed
in water and ingested for its analgesic-like effect.

Many South American cultures have been noted to use Brugmansia suaveolens ritually. The Ingano and Siona in the Putumayo region both use it as an entheogen. It is also used by some Amazonian tribes as an admixture to increase the potency of Ayahuasca. In some South American countries, it is known to be occasionally added to ayahuasca brews by malevolent sorcerers or bad shamans who wish to take advantage of unsuspecting tourists. Genuine shamans believe one of the purposes for this is to "steal one's energy and/or power", of which they believe every person has a limited stockpile.

Cultivation
Brugmansia are grown as ornamentals outdoors year-round in non-freezing climates around the world. They do not tolerate temperatures that fall significantly below  Like other large-leaved, fast-growing plants, they appreciate a little protection from the wind, as well as from the hottest afternoon sun. They like organically rich soil, frequent water, and heavy fertilizer when in full growth. Both woody and leafy tip cuttings are used to propagate Brugmansia, although thicker cuttings tolerate lower humidity. In northern climes they are often grown out in large containers and wintered over in non-freezing garages or basements. Alternatively they are suitable for a sunny conservatory. They may be trained as standards (with a single, straight trunk).

In cultivation in the UK this plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Toxicity

Every part of Brugmansia suaveolens is poisonous, with the seeds and leaves being especially dangerous.
As in other species of Brugmansia, B. suaveolens  is rich in scopolamine (hyoscine), hyoscyamine, atropine, and several other tropane alkaloids.
Effects of ingestion can include paralysis of smooth muscles, confusion, delusions, tachycardia, dry mouth, constipation, visual and auditory hallucinations, mydriasis, rapid onset
cycloplegia, and death.

References

External links

Kemper Center
Botany Photo of the Day

suaveolens
Taxa named by Aimé Bonpland
Taxa named by Alexander von Humboldt


North Billerica station is an MBTA Commuter Rail station in Billerica, Massachusetts. It serves the Lowell Line, and is located in the North Billerica village. The depot building, built in 1867, was renovated, expanded, and returned to station use in 1998. The station has mini-high platforms for accessibility.

History

Billerica Mills station – later North Billerica – was open by 1838. It served as a flag stop on the Boston and Lowell Railroad's main line and was the north terminal of the narrow gauge Billerica and Bedford Railroad (B&B).

In 1998, the North Billerica Depot underwent extensive renovations as part of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority's efforts to restore and expand its Billerica commuter rail stop. The new depot and train station were rededicated on October 30, 1998.

On January 23, 2015, several people were injured when the retractable edge of the outbound platform collapsed while passengers were deboarding. Both mini-high platforms were taken out of service for a number of months, with portable lifts used until the mini-high platforms were returned to service.

References

External links

 MBTA - North Billerica

Former Boston and Maine Railroad stations
MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Buildings and structures in Billerica, Massachusetts
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1867


The 1994 Croatia Open Umag was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Umag, Croatia that was part of the World Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from 22 August through 29 August 1994. First-seeded Alberto Berasategui won the singles title.

Finals

Singles

 Alberto Berasategui defeated  Karol Kučera, 6–2, 6–4
 It was Berasategui's 3rd title of the year and the 4th of his career.

Doubles

 Diego Pérez /  Francisco Roig defeated  Karol Kučera /  Paul Wekesa, 6–2, 6–4
 It was Perez only title of the year and the 4th of his career. It was Roig's only title of the year and the 4th of his career.

References

External links
 ITF tournament edition details

Croatia Open Umag
Croatia Open
1994 in Croatian tennis


El Esquilinchuche is a small village in the municipality of Juticalpa, Olancho, Honduras.

Topography and access
El Esquilinchuche sits on a low rise that forms the banks of the flood plain of the Guayape river that lies approximately 2 km to the south during the dry season, but comes to within 400 m during the annual monsoon floods.

Esquilinchuche is connected to the main Olancho highway from Jutiquile, via a loop consisting of 10 km of dirt road, passing through the other small towns of San Marcos de Jutiquile, and El Portrero de Casas, then through Esquilinchuche, continuing to loop back to the main highway via the highway junction closer to Catacamas leading through the small town of Arimis, by 6 km of dirt road.  The villages of Las Tablas and La Pusunca can also be accessed through a connecting road
junction in San Marcos de Jutiquile.

A temporary wooden toll bridge is set up every year during the dry season south of Esquilinchuche crossing the Guayape River and taken down during the wet season when the river grows from one that can be waded to a torrent that is often over 1 km in width.

Government
Esquilinchuche is loosely governed by a local group of village elders known as the 'patronato'.  There are no governmental offices of any kind to be found in Esquilinchuche or the surrounding small towns.

The name
El Esquilinchuche is known by its residents to be named for a large tree with sparse long leaves (approximately 1.5 × 8 inch) and prominent white five petaled flowers that once grew in abundance in the town. The Esquilinchuche tree has a very soft wood and is identifiable by the milky sap that oozes out when any branch is cut. Today there are no Esquilinchuche trees in El Esquilinchuche. The tree is said to be named for Esquiline Hill, one of the famous seven hills of Ancient Rome.

Residents and town amenities
The residents of this mostly agricultural community for the most part dedicate themselves to agricultural pursuits. The several small stores ("pulperias") are set in the living rooms of houses. There are no lodging or other amenities to be found other than freshly prepared foods occasionally offered by some pulperias. El Esquilinchuche boasts a fine Catholic church, an elementary school, a large soccer field, and good quality residential freshwater from a water tower or "pila" set on a low hill next to the Rivera ranch. Electricity first came to the community in the early 1990s. Cell phones now are in common use among the residents of this town that in 2005 boasted one telephone.

During Hurricane Mitch in 1998 the Guayape river lapped at the edges of the town, swallowing three residences that had been built a few feet below the level of the rest of the town. Other than some livestock, there were no fatalities.

Sports Facility
The town gathering place is a full size campo de Futbol where people can be seen playing futbol at all times of the day and evening.  Larger town events use this sports area.

School
Esquilinchuche has a primary school.  Middle and High School students travel to surrounding communities like Catacamas and Juticalpa.

Populated places in Honduras


KXIC (800 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Iowa City, Iowa, and serving the Cedar Rapids area as well as Johnson County. The station is owned by iHeartMedia and licensed to iHM Licenses, LLC. It airs a sports radio format, with some news and talk shows. Most programming comes from Fox Sports Radio.

KXIC operates on 800 kHz, a Mexican clear channel frequency reserved for XEROK in Ciudad Juárez. As a result, it reduces power at night from 1,000 watts to 199; prior to 1986, it broadcast during the daytime only. It uses a directional antenna for both daytime and nighttime operation.

History
The Johnson County Broadcasting Corporation received a construction permit for a new daytime-only radio station in Iowa City from the Federal Communications Commission on December 15, 1947. The permittee was formed by four war veterans, two with prior involvement at WSUI and two employed other stations in the region and sought to bring the first commercial station to Iowa City (WSUI is owned by the University of Iowa). KXIC began broadcasting on June 6, 1948, as an independent outlet. The station was the originating outlet for radio broadcasts of Iowa Hawkeyes football, feeding a statewide network for decades; Gene Claussen called games until the 1980s, when the Hawkeyes consolidated their network under one broadcast originating at WHO. George M. Ludwig, a state representative and father of space scientist George H. Ludwig, served as KXIC's farm editor for 11 years before his death in 1959. While he was in college at the University of Iowa, future NBC newsman Tom Pettit worked at KXIC.

In the 1960s, Interstate 80 was constructed in Iowa. For several years, KXIC protested the condemnation of part of its transmitter site land for use to build the new highway, as the 8.47 acres of land seized was crucial to the station's future plans to increase power from 1,000 to 5,000 watts. The radio station had initially been awarded $13,200 by a commission seizing land for the interstate, but it appealed the award, asking for $75,000 and later $100,000. The case reached the Iowa Supreme Court before it was returned to Johnson County district court, where a jury awarded the station $53,250; the higher court overturned the award because it included inadmissible evidence about a power increase it felt was infeasible. After the interstate was built, studies were conducted to ensure that lighting on the nearby interchange with Dubuque Street did not interfere with KXIC's operation.

With the door shut on an increase to 5,000 watts, KXIC opted to expand into FM broadcasting. In May 1966, KXIC-FM 100.7 signed on. In addition to a new FM station, KXIC constructed expanded studios at the transmitter site.

After more than three decades of broadcasting, the Johnson County Broadcasting Company sold KXIC and the FM station, at that time known as KICG, to Tom Ingstad's Red River Valley Broadcasting Corporation in 1979 for $975,000. In the early 1980s, the station jettisoned its longtime full-service middle of the road format to take on country music sound; KXIC then adopted the syndicated Music of Your Life oldies/adult standards format in 1984. Two years later, in September 1986, KXIC was allowed to broadcast at night for the first time, picking up NBC Talknet programs. Several months later, KXIC flipped to classic hits.

Ingstad reached a deal to sell KXIC and KKRQ to Heartland Media, a group headed by Ron Hamilton, in 1987 for $2.3 million. The transaction, however, never closed, and it was not until 1997 that Ingstad would sell the pair to Jacor for $8 million, with KXIC having moved to a news/talk format. Through all of the changes in KXIC history, one fixture remained constant: a daily 15-minute show hosted by Dottie Ray, who had been at the station since 1956 and began the daily show in 1959, hosting the show for 55 years until 2014 and interviewing 32,397 guests on more than 14,000 broadcasts. Her show had survived the Ingstad purchase when advertisers pulled their support upon the announcement of the program's cancellation, prompting its restoration.

References

External links
KXIC official website

XIC
Sports radio stations in the United States
Iowa City, Iowa
Radio stations established in 1948
1948 establishments in Iowa
IHeartMedia radio stations
Fox Sports Radio stations


The Red River Jig is a traditional dance and accompanying fiddle tune, culturally relevant to both the Canadian Métis and the First Nations. The dance’s performers and fiddlers currently and historically includes individuals identifying as First Nations, French Canadian, or Scottish Canadians, as well as others involved in the expansive 19th century fur trade. The origins of the dance can be traced to traditional dances of the First Nations, French, English, Scots, and Orcadian peoples, from whom the Métis Nation descended. The name is also in reference to the Red River of the North, which forms the border between North Dakota and Minnesota (USA) and flows north through Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada before emptying into Hudson's Bay.

"Jigging", as commonly referred to by the Métis people, has observable similarities to the traditional dances of Quebec and the Canadian Maritime communities of British Isles heritage. The Métis fiddle tune of the same name is not actually a jig per se, but is rather a reel.

History
In 1867, Alexander Begg wrote the first published account of the Red River Jig and its tune. Oral accounts date the practice as having historical roots as far back as the 1830s in the Northern Plains of Saskatchewan. Embedding itself into the socio-economic culture of the Métis people, the Red River Jig was also colloquially referred to as the Métis National Anthem, although this definition by synonym was never officially recognized by an authoritative body.

The popularity of the traditional dance was bolstered by the extensive and well connected fur trade, which served to transport both goods and culture throughout the region. This realized political value of the Red River Jig was thanks in part to its use as a negotiating tool between chief factors and fur trade clerks, which was considered to be the result of the fur trade's increasing economic dependency upon the positive development of relative social and cultural interactions.

The high visibility of the Red River Jig has provided helpful evidence pointing to the existence of a long and vibrant Métis culture. While this promotion has helped to establish broader visibility of Métis culture in general, critiques can be made that the sole attention paid to the Red River Jig contributes to the loss of epistemological diversity due to its lack of recognition for related practices that exist within the variety of Métis cultures.

Performance
Despite the complexity of the dance itself, fur trade clerks would often take it upon themselves to learn the Red River Jig and perform alongside their trading counterparts in a show of friendship and cultural acceptance. As a result of the emotional intensity derived from viewing the competitive performance between the traditionally male dancers, the dance contributed to the perception of a competitive environment which helped bolster the subsequent trading that occurred.

Contemporary interpretations of the Red River Jig have included solo performances, which provides an opportunity for individuals to demonstrate their highly technical stepping patterns and freestyle jigging abilities. During public performances at exhibitions and festivals, the audience is often encouraged to participate by dancing in place.

References

Manitoba Historical Society

See also
Jig
Step dance
Contra dance
Scottish highland dance
Rendezvous (fur trade)

Social dance
Canadian dances
Métis culture
American folk dances


Filippo Terzi (1520–1597) was an Italian military and civil architect and engineer, born in Bologna, who went to Lisbon in 1577 and the following year joined the disastrous military expedition to Morocco where he was taken prisoner at the Battle of Alcácer Quibir, after which his release was negotiated and he returned to Portugal, where he spent the remainder of his career, dying at Setúbal.

In 1582 Philip II of Spain, recently declared king also of Portugal, visited
Setúbal, where Terzi was recommended to him on the occasion of a new fortification needed to reinforce the security of that port city. Having achieved the work successfully, Terzi was named master of work at the Convento de Cristo in Tomar, in 1584.

In 1590, he was named  Mestre das Obras de el-Rei, "Master of the King's works", succeeding the post that had been occupied by António Rodrigues. Terzi was also charged with the instruction of a new generation of young architects in the Royal Works. He was responsible for numerous projects, notably at Coimbra and Lisbon, including the aqueduct that led from São Sebastião to Coimbra.

Selected works
Convento de Cristo, Tomar: cloister
church of São Vincente de Fora, Lisbon (1582–1605)
 Fort of Pessegueiro (1588–90), a coastal fortress in which the island of Pessegueiro was linked to the mainland
 Fort of Santiago da Barra in Monserrate (Viana do Castelo)
 Fort of São Filipe de Setúbal (1597) was in progress when he died.
 Igreja de São Roque (Lisbon) (Church of São Roque); completed the construction, including the roof

Notes

1520 births
1597 deaths
16th-century Italian architects
Portuguese architects
Architects from Bologna
Engineers from Bologna

Portuguese people of Italian descent


Eucalyptus ebbanoensis, commonly known as the sandplain mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth greyish bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, whitish flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

Description
Eucalyptus ebbanoensis is a mallee that typically grows to a height of , occasionally a tree up to , and forms a lignotuber. Young plants and coppice regrowth have hairy stems and leaves that are petiolate,  long and  wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved,  long and  wide on a petiole  long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of three in leaf axils on a peduncle  long, the individual buds on a pedicel  long. Mature buds are oval to pear-shaped,  long and  wide with a conical or rounded operculum. Flowering mainly occurs from September to December and the flowers are creamy white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped to hemispherical or bell-shaped capsule  long and  wide with the valves near the level of the rim.

Taxonomy and naming
Eucalyptus ebbanoensis was first formally described in 1921 by Joseph Maiden from a specimen collected by Alexander Morrison at Ebano Springs near Mingenew in 1904. The description was published in Maiden's book A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus. The specific epithet (ebbanoensis) is a reference to the type location, although a misspelling of "Ebano Springs". The ending -ensis is a Latin suffix "denoting place, locality [or] country".

Three subspecies have been described and their names accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
Eucalyptus ebbanoensis Maiden subsp. ebbanoensis has dull leaves lacking glaucescence;
Eucalyptus ebbanoensis subsp. glauciramula L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill has glaucous leaves;
Eucalyptus ebbanoensis subsp. photina Brooker & Hopper has glossy leaves.

Distribution and habitat
Sandplain mallee has been found in various places among breakaways, on sand plains and granite hills, growing in sandy soils and those derived from laterite. The most widespread subspecies is ebbanoensis which is found through parts of the northern Wheatbelt and Goldfields-Esperance regions to the western edge of the Great Victoria Desert. Subspecies glauciramula is found to the east of this area and subspecies photina has a restricted distribution in the Moresby Range north and east of Geraldton. These are areas of predominantly winter rainfall with an annual average of .

Conservation status
Eucalyptus ebbanoensis and the subspecies ebbanoensis and glauciramula are classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife but subspecies photina is classified as "Priority Four", meaning that it is rare or near threatened.

References

Eucalypts of Western Australia
Myrtales of Australia
ebbanoensis
Mallees (habit)
Plants described in 1921
Taxa named by Joseph Maiden


Volker David Kirchner (25 June 1942 – 4 February 2020) was a German composer and violist. After studies of violin and composition at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory, the Hochschule für Musik Köln and the Hochschule für Musik Detmold, he worked for decades as a violist in the Radio-Sinfonie-Orchester Frankfurt. He was simultaneously the violist in the Kehr Trio founded by his violin teacher Günter Kehr, and a composer of incidental music at the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden.

He was known for his operas which were commissioned by major German opera houses. Die Trauung was premiered at Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden in 1975, Die fünf Minuten des Isaak Babel, described as a scenic Requiem, premiered at the Opernhaus Wuppertal in 1980, and Gilgamesh was commissioned for the Expo 2000 and staged at the Staatsoper Hannover. His operas often focus on historic personalities such as Savonarola and Gutenberg. Kirchner also composed two symphonies, concertos, keyboard music, sacred music such as the Missa Moguntina for the Mainz Cathedral, and especially chamber music. His music has been recorded, and performed internationally.

Life
Born in Mainz, Kirchner took his first violin lessons with his grandfather. He studied at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory in Mainz from 1956 to 1959, violin with Günter Kehr and musical composition with Günter Raphael. On a recommendation by Kehr, he then studied at the Hochschule für Musik Köln from 1959 to 1963, where he was influenced by composers Bernd Alois Zimmermann, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Pierre Boulez. Kirchner studied further with Tibor Varga at the Hochschule für Musik Detmold from 1964 to 1965. He played in jazz ensembles in Cologne.

Kirchner was principal violist in the chamber orchestra Rheinisches Kammerorchester Köln from 1962 to 1964. He was a violist of the Radio-Sinfonie-Orchester Frankfurt (RSO) from 1966 to 1988. As a chamber musician, he played viola in the Kehr Trio, with his teacher as the violinist and cellist Bernhard Braunholz, recording and touring in South America, North Africa and the Near East. In 1970, he co-founded the Ensemble 70 in Wiesbaden. From 1972 to 1974, he was also a composer of incidental music (Bühnenmusik) for the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden. It prepared him for writing his operas, with a focus on the relation of text and music.

He became known when his first opera was premiered in 1975, Die Trauung (The Wedding), after Witold Gombrowicz's The Marriage. It was played on 27 April 1975 at the Staatstheater Wiesbaden, conducted by Siegfried Köhler. Kirchner was then commissioned to write more stage works. During the 1980s, Generalmusikdirektor Siegfried Köhler promoted his operas in Wiesbaden, conducting in 1981 Das kalte Herz (The cold heart) after a fairy-tale by Wilhelm Hauff, revised in 1987 for a performance on 27 October 1988 at the Staatstheater am Gärtnerplatz in Munich. Kirchner's Die fünf Minuten des Isaak Babel (The five minutes of Isaac Babel), subtitled A Scenic Requiem, premiered on 19 April 1980 at the Opernhaus Wuppertal, conducted by Hanns-Martin Schneidt and staged by Friedrich Meyer-Oertel. Belshazar premiered in 1985 at the Bavarian State Opera, and Gilgamesch premiered for the Expo 2000 in Hanover. The production at the Staatsoper Hannover was staged by Hans-Peter Lehmann in a set design by Ekkehard Grübler, and conducted by Stefan Sanderling. His Violin Concerto was first performed in the Berliner Philharmonie in 1984, and his Requiem Messa di pace received its first performance in Moscow 1990 for the opening of a festival. Musicians such as violinists Ulf Hoelscher and Christian Tetzlaff, violist Tabea Zimmermann, cellists Yo Yo Ma, Wolfgang Boettcher and Martin Ostertag, and pianists Lars Vogt and Nina Tichman played his music, in collaboration with conductors such as Gerd Albrecht, Leif Segerstam and Eliahu Inbal.

Kirchner moved to Mainz and became a freelance composer in 1988. Invited by Walter Fink, he was the third composer featured in the annual Komponistenporträt of the Rheingau Musik Festival in 1992. In 1997, the Kleines Haus of the Staatstheater Mainz opened with his Labyrinthos. In 2010, he was one of five living composers, with Toshio Hosokawa, Helmut Lachenmann, Wolfgang Rihm and Jörg Widmann, whose music celebrated the 80th birthday of Walter Fink in a concert of the Rheingau Musik Festival. His piano piece was titled Nachlese (Gleaning).

Kirchner died in Wiesbaden on 4 February 2020 at the age of 77.

Work
Kirchner's compositions have included solo pieces, string quartets and other chamber music, symphonies and solo concertos, culminating in works for the stage. His operas often have a political background. Isaak Babel, a 1980 work, shows a person facing the Russian Revolution. Savonarola, a 2011 opera, deals with the short reign of a religious fanatic. Gutenberg, written in 2012, shows the genius from Mainz who had difficulties introducing his invention. Kirchner composed the mass Missa Moguntina in 1993 especially for the Mainz Cathedral, reflecting his roots. The text is the Latin mass expanded by Psalm 130, "De profundis", and Kirchner studied the acoustics of the cathedral.

Kirchner's works were published by Schott, including:

Opera
 Riten, described as "für kleines Klangtheater" (for a small sound-theatre), premiered in 1971 in Graz, , and afterwards at the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden
 Die Trauung (The Wedding, 1974) after Witold Gombrowicz, premiered 27 April 1975, Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden
 Die fünf Minuten des Isaak Babel, Szenisches Requiem in zwölf Bildern (1977–79), premiered 19 April 1980 at the Opernhaus Wuppertal
 Das kalte Herz / Ein deutsches Märchen after Wilhelm Hauff (1980), premiered 1981 in Wiesbaden, revised in 1987 for a performance on 27 October 1988 at the Staatstheater am Gärtnerplatz
 Belshazar (1986); commissioned by the Bayerische Staatsoper, premiered on 25 January 1985
 Erinys, Threnos in two parts after the Oresteia by Aeschylos (1986–89), premiered on 15 April 1990 in Wuppertal
 Inferno d'amore (Shakespearion I) after Shakespeare and Michelangelo (1992), staged premiere on 12 March 1995, Ballhof by Niedersächsisches Staatstheater
 Labyrinthos (Shakespearion II) (1994/95), premiered 17 October 1997 in Mainz for the opening of the Kleines Haus of the Staatstheater Mainz
 Gilgamesh (2002), commissioned by the Niedersächsische Staatsoper on the occasion of the EXPO 2000, premiered on 20 May 2000
 Ahasver, scenic oratorio (1998–2000), commissioned by the Theater Bielefeld, premiered in 2001
 Savonarola, premiered in 2011 at the Opernhaus Kiel
 Gutenberg (2011–12), premiered in Erfurt on 24 March 2016

Sacred music
 Requiem – Messa di Pace for soloist, choir and orchestra (1988)
 Missa Moguntina for soloist, choir, two echo-choirs, orchestra and organ (1993)
 Aus den 53 Tagen, Passion music for soloists, mixed chorus, male chorus, boys chorus, speaker (Evangelist) and orchestra (1998); commissioned by the "93. Deutscher Katholikentag" in Mainz

Orchestra
 Choral Variations for 15 solo strings (1967–1968)
 Bildnisse I for orchestra (1981–1982)
 Bildnisse II for orchestra (1983–1984)
 Bildnisse III: Hommage à W. A. Mozart for small orchestra (1989–1991)
 Symphony No. 2 "Mythen" (1992), premiered in Wiesbaden as part of the Rheingau Musik Festival

Concertante
 Nachtstück: Varianten über eine Wagnersche Akkordverbindung (Nocturne: Variations on a Wagnerian Chord Progression) for viola and chamber orchestra (1980–1981, revised 1983)
 Schibboleth, Poème Concertante for viola and orchestra (1989)
 Violin Concerto (Homage à Krzysztof Penderecki) (1981–1982)
 Oboe Concerto (1997–1998)

Chamber music
 Dybuk for marimba solo (1995)
 Aus dem Buch der Könige, 3 Meditations for cello solo (2000)
 Piano Trio (1979)
 String Quartet [No.1] (1982–1983)
 Mysterion for altoflute, horn, viola d'amore, cello and piano (1985)
 Tre Poemi for horn and piano (1987)
 Drei Lieder (2 Songs) for medium voice, horn, violin, cello and piano (1985–1986)
 Und Salomo sprach ... (And Solomon spoke) for cello solo (1987)
 Tre poemi (3 Poems) for horn and piano (1986–1987)
 Der blaue Harlekin (Hommage à Picasso) for flute, clarinet, 2 bassoons (also contrabassoon), 2 trumpets and 2 trombones (1981)
 Saitenspiel for violin and cello (1993)
 Gethsemani, Notturno for string sextet (1994)
 Quartet for clarinet, violin, cello and piano (1984)
 Il canto della notte, Poema for clarinet, horn, piano, violin, viola and cello (1997–1998)
 Orphischer Gesang II for string sextet (1998)
 String Trio (2000)
 String Quartet No. 2 (1999)
 String Quartet No. 3 (2000)
 String Quartet No. 4 with obligato clarinet (2000)
 String Quartet No. 5 (2000, revised 2002)
 String Quartet No. 6 (2000)
 "Meine Augen möchte ich erfreuen, Shulamith..." for flute, horn, viola, cello and piano (2001)
 Pierrots Galgenlieder for clarinet solo (2001)
 Kreuzweg for 2 oboes and English horn (2001)
 Pietà, Partita for violin solo (2001)
 String Quartet No. 7 (2003) Odysee (Odyssey)
 String Quartet No. 8 (2004) Wanlung (Change)
 String Quartet No. 9 (2005)
 Piano Quartet No. 1 (2005) Echo und Narziss (Echo and Narcissus)
 Threnos for solo cello (2006); written for the Feuermann Competition
 String Quartet No. 10 (2006–2007) Abgesangsszene (Singing Scene)
 Strophen for 2 clarinets (also bass clarinet) and piano (2007)
 String Quartet No. 11 (2007–2008)
 String Quartet No. 12 (2005–2008) Inschrift (Inscription)
 String Quartet No. 13 (2007)
 String Quartet No. 14 (2009–2010)
 String Quartet No. 15 (2010)
 String Quartet No. 16 (2010)
 Piano Quartet No. 2 (2010) Psyche und Eros (Cupid and Psyche)
 Piano Quartet No. 3 (2012) Der große Tango (The Great Tango)
 Piano Quartet No. 4 (2015)

Keyboard
 Piano Sonata (1985–1986)
 Luces and Sombras, 5 Tangos for piano (1999)
 Con mortuis in lingua mortua, three pieces for organ (2000)
 Nachlese for piano (2010); commissioned by Walter Fink for his 80th birthday

Recordings
Kirchner's mass Missa Moguntina was recorded in 1993, with soloists Maria Karb, Alison Browner, Mads Elung-Jensen, Johannes M. Kösters and Gregory Reinhart, organist Albert Schönberger, the Mainzer Domchor and Domkantorei St. Martin, and the Mainzer Domorchester, conducted by Mathias Breitschaft.

A recording of his quartet Exil for clarinet, violin, cello and piano, composed in 1995, was combined on a 2015 recording Beyond Time with Fabian Müller's Am Anfang for soprano and ensemble, and Messiaen's Quatuor pour la fin du temps.

In 2016, a recording of vocal chamber music was released entitled Media vita in morte sumus (In the midst of life we are in death) – vocal chamber music by Volker David Kirchner, containing three song collections, Obsidian-Gesänge on poems by Dana Obsidian for voice, horn, violin, cello and piano (2013), Es ist ein Weinen in der Welt, setting poems by Else Lasker-Schüler,  for voice and piano (2011–2013), and Media vita in morte sumus on poems by Erich Michelsberg for soprano, clarinet, horn, piano and string trio (2006–2007).

Awards
Kirchner received a prize from Rhineland-Palatinate for young composers in 1974, for his first opera Die Trauung. In 1977, he was awarded the Kunstpreis Rheinland-Pfalz and in 1992 the Gutenberg Plaque of Mainz. In 1994, Kirchner was the first recipient of the Rheingau Musikpreis of the Rheingau Musik Festival. In 1995, he received the composer's prize of the Niedersächsische Sparkassenstiftung and the Kreissparkasse Hannover, and in 2007, the  of Rhineland-Palatinate, the highest honour of the state. In 2014, Kirchner was awarded the "Preis für die Verdienste um die Musikkultur" by the Landesmusikrat Rheinland-Pfalz, in connection with the premiere of the orchestral composition Der mythische Fluss played by the Landesjugendorchester Rheinland-Pfalz (State youth orchestra of Rhineland-Palatinate).

References

External links

 Volker David Kirchner – Werkverzeichnis (works list)

 Kehr-Trio discography at Discogs

1942 births
2020 deaths
German classical violists
German opera composers
Male opera composers
Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln alumni
Hochschule für Musik Detmold alumni
German male classical composers
Musicians from Mainz


Bianca is a one act opera by American composer Henry Kimball Hadley. The opera's libretto was an English-language adaptation of Carlo Goldoni's comedy The Mistress of the Inn by Grant Stewart.  Hadley finished the score in January, 1917, and entered it in a competition for the best American opera without chorus, for which William Wade Hinshaw offered a $1000 prize and a promise to produce the opera in New York City by the American Society of Singers.  It won, and was produced on October 19, 1918, at the Park Theater in Manhattan, with the composer conducting, and soprano Maggie Teyte in the title role.

References
 Boardman, Herbert R. Henry Hadley: Ambassador of Harmony. Banner Press, Emory University, Georgia (1932), pp. 131–132.

One-act operas
Operas by Henry Kimball Hadley
Operas
1918 operas
Operas based on plays
Operas based on works by Carlo Goldoni
English-language operas


Yengema Airport  is a regional airport located in Yengema, Kono District, Sierra Leone. It is the only airport that serves  Kono District. It is one of the busiest airports in the country, due to the present of large diamond mining companies in Kono District.

Yengema Airport serves  smaller plane, private jet, and helicopters that travel within Sierra Leone.

External links
Airport List

Airports in Sierra Leone


Datura quercifolia, commonly known as the oak-leaved thorn-apple, is a small shrub in the genus Datura that is native to Mexico and the Southwestern United States. It grows equally well in dry and moist soils and requires full sun. It contains a mix of alkaloids that are poisonous and can be potentially lethal when ingested.

Description
The species was first described in 1818 by Alexander von Humboldt. Its green leaves resemble oak leaves, hence the name quercifolia.

It can assume both a prostrate and an upright bushy habit, with bushier forms reaching up to 3 ft. in height. It produces green seed capsules armed with long sharp spines, which, like those of some Datura species, open by four equal valves. The funnel-shaped flowers are white and pale violet tipped with five short triangular teeth and are less than 2 in. long.

Toxicity

All parts of Datura plants contain dangerous levels of poison and may be fatal if ingested by humans or other animals, including livestock and pets. In some places it is prohibited to buy, sell or cultivate Datura plants.

References

External links
 Photographs of Datura quercifolia

quercifolia
Flora of Mexico
Flora of the Southwestern United States


Ivan Yevstafyevich Khandoshkin (, ) (1747 – 29 or 30 March 1804) was a Russian Empire violinist and composer of Ukrainian Cossack origin. He has been described as "the finest Russian violinist of the eighteenth century".

Life
Ivan Khandoshkin was born into a Cossack family near Myrhorod. He was related to the family of Hetman Danylo Apostol. Ivan's father Ostap was trained as a tailor, but eventually became a professional French horn and percussion player in the court orchestra of Tsar Peter III.

Ivan studied under Tito Porta with other Italian influences being Domenico dall’Oglio and Pietro Peri. He was a musician at the Russian court, of which he later became kapellmeister, from 1765 and he taught violin at the Yekaterinoslav Musical Academy, founded by Potemkin in 1785. After Potemkin's death Khandoshkin was forced to resign by Giuseppe Sarti who was considered his rival, and returned to St. Petersburg in 1789.

Works
Khandoshkin's extant works comprise six violin sonatas and several variation cycles based on folk songs. His music (primarily for the violin) is comparable to music by his contemporaries such as Giuseppe Tartini's student Antonio Lolli (whose stunts on the violin preceded Paganini), Gaetano Pugnani, Ludwig Spohr, and many others.

His music was unfamiliar to the average western ear until recently. In 1996 Elena Denisova recorded three of his violin sonatas for Talking Music where they were released in the following year. In 2016 she performed them at the Salzburg Festival. Anastasia Khitruk performed several works and recorded them for Naxos in St. Petersburg's St. Catherine's Church in 2005.

Viola concerto
The so-called "Khandoshkin viola concerto in C Major, written in 1801" published for the first time by the State Publishing House, Moscow, in 1947 and released in the former Soviet Union on Melodya, with Rudolf Barshai playing viola and conducting the Moscow Chamber Orchestra actually is not by Khandoshkin, but a musical hoax by Mikhail Goldstein.

References

External links

Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire
1747 births
1804 deaths
Classical violinists from the Russian Empire
Male classical violinists
Russian classical violinists
Composers from the Russian Empire


KWSL (1470 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Sioux City, Iowa.  The station is owned by iHeartMedia and the broadcast license is held by iHM Licenses, LLC. It formerly aired the 24/7 syndicated Comedy format. Presently the station broadcasts in Spanish and calls itself "La Preciosa".

The station was most recently assigned the "KWSL" call sign by the Federal Communications Commission on October 2, 1995. These call letters were previously used for the Top 40 format through the 1980s.

References

External links
1470 KWSL official website

WSL
Adult hits radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1938
1938 establishments in Iowa
IHeartMedia radio stations


Kenema Airport  is an airport located in Kenema, the third largest of Sierra Leone. The airport is mostly used for domestic aircraft to the city. It is the largest and most important airport in Kenema District as well as one of the busiest airport in the country. The airport is operated by the Sierra Leonean Airports Authority.

See also
Transport in Sierra Leone

References

External links
 OurAirports - Kenema
 Great Circle Mapper - Kenema
 World Airport Codes - Kenema

Airports in Sierra Leone
Kenema


Crest () is a commune in the Drôme department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. In 2017, it had a population of 8,505.

Population
Its inhabitants are called Crestois.

Sights
The  Tour de Crest, one of the highest medieval keeps in France - 52 m. Its height dominates the town. The tower was part of a castle which guarded one of the entrances to the Pre-Alps in Drôme. The site offers a large panoramic view.
There are various exhibitions in the castle plus information about the Tour's past including the fact that it has served as a prison in the past.

The Tour holds two spectacular carved wooden doors one of which is believed to depict the original castle.

Saint-Sauveur Church

Monument to the resistance to the coup d'état of 2 December 1851 in Provence.

There is an artisanal chocolate manufacturer in the town with a chocolate museum attached. The museum has a model of the tour in chocolate and various scenes in the history of chocolate also created in chocolate.

The town is still substantially medieval with steep narrow lanes leading up to the Tour.

Transport
Crest is served by Gare de Crest, a railway station operated by SNCF, with TER connections to Valence and Briançon on the Livron to Aspres-sur-Buëch line.

Twin towns

Crest is twinned with:
 Cromer in Norfolk, England,
 Nidda, Germany
 Ponte San Nicolò, Italy
 Medvode, Slovenia

See also
Communes of the Drôme department
Parc naturel régional du Vercors

References

External links

Communes of Drôme


Giraut (or Guiraut) de Salignac (or Salinhac) was a jongleur and troubadour from the Quercy. His castle was Salignac. According to his vida he composed cansos, sirventes, and descortz, though only one canso and one descort survive. His composition were characterised, so his biographer says, by "grace and skill". He may have written under the patronage of Azalais of Toulouse, whom he mentions in his poetry. His name is sometimes erroneously given as Guilhem.

Sources

Egan, Margarita, ed. The Vidas of the Troubadours. New York: Garland, 1984. .

12th-century French troubadours
People from Dordogne
Male composers


This is a list of episodes for the American comedy-drama The Game.

Series overview

Episodes

Backdoor pilot (2006)

Season 1 (2006–07)

Season 2 (2007–08)

Season 3 (2008–09)

Season 4 (2011)
 Brittany Daniel and Coby Bell character statuses were demoted to special appearances. Brittany Daniel departs from the series after the eighth episode this season and returns the seventh season.

Season 5 (2012)
On April 12, 2011, it was announced that The Game was renewed for a fifth season, consisting 22 episodes. It was announced on the 2011 BET Awards Pre-show that it will begin in January 2012. This is Tia Mowry-Hardrict’s last season to appear and returns in the series finale.

Season 6 (2013)
 Lauren London and Jay Ellis joining the cast.
 Tia Mowry and Pooch Hall are no longer part of the main cast
 Pooch Hall makes a guest appearance in one episode "The Blueprint"

Season 7 (2014)
 Brittany Daniel returns this season as a recurring cast member beginning with the fourth episode.

Season 8 (2015)

Season 9 (2015)
 Tia Mowry & Pooch Hall returns this season beginning with the tenth and final episode.

References

Lists of American sitcom episodes


Andrei Ionescu (born 29 March 1988 in Craiova) is a Romanian footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder.

Club career

Universitatea Craiova
Ionescu is a product of Universitatea Craiova's youth system and has been a regular player for them. Rising through the ranks, he became captain of the side on several occasions. His talent caught the attention of Dutch club PSV in 2004, where he spent one season in their academy. Ionescu has a lot of qualities his great passes and acceleration goes along with good dribbling attributes. He is also good-working player, who is battling for every ball in his reach.

He made his professional Liga I debut on 27 August 2006 in a 0–4 loss to Dinamo București. In his three seasons at Craiova, he played 54 matches and scored 4 goals.

Steaua București
On 24 August 2008, he signed a five-year contract with Steaua București. He is in co-ownership with Universitatea Craiova. The following two seasons saw Ionescu in and out of the squad, making only 18 league and cup appearances during the two years, mostly from the substitutes bench. After the arrival of new manager Cristiano Bergodi, Ionescu became a regular starter for Steaua in the 2009–10 Europa League season. He made his European debut on 16 July 2009 against Hungarian side Újpest in a 2–0 win. Struggling for first team opportunities, Ionescu was sent out on loan to Politehnica Iaşi on 10 February 2010 until the summer. During the 2010 summer transfer window, he was close to sign a loan deal with Turkish side Mersin İdmanyurdu. However, the transfer failed. In the winter of 2010–11 season, Ionescu was demoted to the B squad.

In June 2011, Ionescu left Steaua.

Royal Antwerp

On 31 August 2011, the free agent signed a two-year contract with Belgian side Royal Antwerp.

Ferencváros Budapest
On 30 August 2012 he signed a contract with the Hungarian record champion Ferencváros Budapest.

Later years
In February 2016, 28-year-old Ionescu signed a four-month contract with Dutch Eerste Divisie club Eindhoven. In January 2017, he returned to Romania after six years by penning a deal with Voluntari.

Aizawl
Ionescu switched clubs and countries in August and signed for Indian I-League club Aizawl FC. He scored a goal in the 2018 AFC Champions League qualifying play-offs against Zob Ahan and became the first player to score a goal for Aizawl in any continental competitions. Ionescu's powerful right-footer from the centre of the box beat Zob Ahan goalkeeper Mohammad Mazaheri after he connected cross delivered by Laldinliana Renthlei.

International career
Ionescu has played for Romania since the U-19 level and made his debut in September 2006 in a 4–2 win over Belgium. On 22 February 2006, he made his debut for the Romania U-21 squad in a friendly against Turkey.

Honours
Steaua București
Romanian Cup: 2010–11
Ferencváros
Hungarian League Cup: 2012–13
Voluntari
Romanian Cup: 2016–17

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Craiova
Romanian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC U Craiova 1948 players
FC Steaua București players
FCSB II players
FC Politehnica Iași (1945) players
Royal Antwerp F.C. players
Ferencvárosi TC footballers
FC Eindhoven players
ASIL Lysi players
FC Voluntari players
Aizawl FC players
FC Metaloglobus București players
Liga I players
Challenger Pro League players
Eerste Divisie players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
I-League players
Cypriot Second Division players
Liga II players
Romanian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Hungary
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Expatriate men's footballers in India
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in India


Ștefan Nicolae Bărboianu (born 24 January 1988) is a Romanian footballer who plays as a right back or as a defensive midfielder for Liga II club CSM Reșița.

Club career

Universitatea Craiova
Bărboianu started his career at Universitatea Craiova. In February 2011 he was declared free agent, but in the meantime he signed a new contract with Craiova, from 1 July 2011. So Bărboianu played in the Spring of 2011 for Dinamo București, and returned to Craiova in July. Following the disaffiliation of Universitatea, Bărboianu was again declared free agent and signed on 3 August 2011 a contract for five years with Astra Giurgiu.

Dinamo București
Bărboianu had two terms at Dinamo. The first one was a short one, for only four months, from February until May 2011. He was released after an own-goal in the 2011 Cupa României Final, that sent the trophy to Dinamo's biggest rivals, Steaua București. In December 2013, Bărboianu returned to Dinamo and played until May 2015, when in a match again versus Steaua, he conceded a penalty which led to the first goal of the game, won by Steaua 3–1. Two days after the game, his contract with Dinamo was ended by mutual agreement.

Honours
Universitatea Craiova
Divizia B: 2005–06

Concordia Chiajna
Cupa Ligii runner-up: 2015–16

CSM Reșița
Liga III: 2021–22, 2022–23

References

External links

1988 births
Footballers from Craiova
Living people
Romanian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
FC U Craiova 1948 players
FC Dinamo București players
FC Astra Giurgiu players
CS Concordia Chiajna players
FC Petrolul Ploiești players
AFC Turris-Oltul Turnu Măgurele players
CSM Reșița players
Liga I players
Liga II players
Liga III players
Romania men's under-21 international footballers


Hans Kann (born 14 February 1927 in Vienna; died 24 June 2005) was an Austrian pianist and composer. He taught music in his native Austria and in Japanese schools such as the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music.

He was the son of businessman Emil Kann and Karoline Kann.

Awards
 1961 and 1963 Körner foundation prize
 1984 Nestroy Ring
 1987 Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class
 1994 Medal of the Japanese Emperor

References

Austrian classical pianists
Male classical pianists
Austrian male composers
Austrian composers
Musicians from Vienna
Austrian Jews
1927 births
2005 deaths
Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century male musicians
Austrian expatriates in Japan
JVC Records artists