The Berkeley Marine Corps Recruiting Center protests began in September 2007 when a small group of protesters from Code Pink began periodically protesting in front of a United States Marine Corps Officer Selection Office located in Downtown Berkeley, California at 64 Shattuck Avenue by standing in front of the office holding banners and placing signs. The recruiting center had been located in Berkeley since January 2007. On October 17, 2007, the group Move America Forward held a counter protest.

On January 29, 2008, the Berkeley City Council passed a series of motions concerning the recruiting center. The most controversial motions ordered the city clerk to draft a letter calling the Berkeley Marines "unwelcome intruders" and another motion gave Code Pink a parking permit on Wednesdays and a noise permit. The motions drew national media coverage. Some veterans groups and conservatives were angered by the motions. National and state laws were drafted to remove funding for Berkeley. The Berkeley City Council changed the wording in the letter February 13, 2008, to remove the most controversial wording and communicate support for the troops but opposition to the war. On the previous day, 2000 protesters at its peak gathered outside city hall to protest against and in support of the motion. The national media coverage of the matter significantly declined following Berkeley's amended language. Legislation backed by Republican members of Congress concerning removing earmarks continued through the legislative process, though with little chance of passing, and Move America Forward launched a new advertisement criticizing the Berkeley City Council. Code Pink continues to collect signatures to put a measure on the ballot to remove the recruiting center.

History
Berkeley had a previous history of opposition to Marine recruiting. In 2007, Berkeley High School became the last in the United States to give student contact information to the military without student permission. The school's previous policy required students to give permission for their contact information to be given to the military.

In January 2007, the Marine Recruiting Center for the northern Bay Area relocated from Alameda to downtown Berkeley in order to be closer to the University of California, Berkeley. There were no protests until late September 2007 when protests outside the recruiting office began. Code Pink and Grandmothers Against the War were among the first groups to protest. Code Pink said it would protest the recruiting center every Wednesday.

On Wednesday, October 17, 2007, a protest between those opposing the recruitment center and those who supported it, led by conservative radio talk-show host Melanie Morgan, co-founder of Move America Forward, occurred outside the recruiting center. The protest included chants, singing, flag waving, and verbal shouting back and forth. Police separated the two groups for safety. Some nearby businesses have complained about the noise level. Some motorists have honked in approval adding to the noise level.

On January 29, 2008, Code Pink began collecting the 5,000 signatures necessary to qualify a city measure for the ballot that would require public hearings before military recruiting offices could open near schools. Former Marine Staff Sgt. Bill Hamilton, who was involved in several altercations with protestors, told the San Francisco Chronicle that the recruiting office was only for recruiting college not high school students.

On February 1, 2008, protesters from The World Can't Wait, chained themselves to the doorway of the recruiting office, blocking the entrance, and preventing people from moving in and out.

City Council response
On January 29, 2008 the Berkeley City Council passed two motions regarding the controversy. The first motion, passed 8-1, gave anti-war protesters Code Pink a reserved parking space in front of the recruitment center and waived the normally required noise permits so they could operate their loud speaker. Gordon Wozniak of District 8 was the sole opponent of this motion. Since passing this motion, Code Pink has had an almost daily presence outside the recruiting office.

The Berkeley City Council 6-3, passed a motion to have the city clerk write a letter to the U.S. Marine Corps to inform them that they were "uninvited and unwelcome intruders" in the city of Berkeley. The motion stated that the United States had a history of "launching illegal, immoral and unprovoked wars of aggression" and that "military recruiters are salespeople known to lie to and seduce minors and young adults into contracting themselves into military service with false promises regarding jobs, job training, education and other benefits." This motion was opposed by councilmembers Betty Olds, Kriss Worthington and Gordon Wozniak, representing Districts 6, 7 and 8 respectively. The Berkeley City Council also asked the city attorney to investigate the possibility of fining the Marines for violating the city's ordinance requiring equal-opportunity hiring without regard to sexual orientation because of the military's don't ask, don't tell policy.

Responses

The position taken by the Berkeley City Council was interpreted by many across the country as a sign that they did not support the troops. Berkeley's motion was followed by a backlash in conservative blogs and among conservative lawmakers, including introduction of the "Semper Fi Act" in Congress to cancel several million dollars in specific federal funding for public primary and secondary education programs, the University of California, Berkeley, and key transportation programs including a proposed state-operated ferry service to Albany and Berkeley.  In response to the council's vote, on February 1, 2008 Senator Jim DeMint said that he would introduce legislation that would strip Berkeley of its $2,392,000 in federal funding. On February 6, 2008 Jim DeMint was joined by Saxby Chambliss, Tom Coburn, John Cornyn, James Inhofe, and David Vitter in the Senate to introduce the Semper Fi Act of 2008 which would strip federal funding from Berkeley. In total, the bill was co-sponsored by 10 senators. The bill strips $243,000 from the Chez Panisse Foundation which provides school lunches to children in Berkeley, and $975,000 allocated to build the Matsui Center for Politics and Public Service at the University of California, Berkeley which would have created an archive of Robert Matsui's papers and a new endowment. The bill was defeated on March 13, 2008.

UC Berkeley Chancellor Robert Birgeneau sent a letter to 52 lawmakers in Washington stating that UC Berkeley had no connection to the council's decision, that the UC campus and the city of Berkeley are completely separate institutions, that the Berkeley City Council has no authority over the UC campus, that UC Berkeley has long standing ROTC programs, and that he believed the council proposals were "ill advised, intemperate and hurtful, particularly to the young men and women and their families who are sacrificing so much for our country." City Council member Gordon Wozniak criticized the act as unfair, stating "These people have nothing to do with the council's action. They should not be penalized just because they happen to live in Berkeley." Representative John Campbell sponsored a similar bill in the house that had 71 co-sponsors. The Berkeley Chamber of Commerce, which received 140 emails that stated they would no longer do business in Berkeley if the motions held, considered withholding business licensing taxes.

Republican Assemblyman Guy Houston of San Ramon announced that he will introduce legislation to withhold state transportation funds from Berkeley until they rescind their "war on the U.S. Marine Corps." Houston's proposed bill intends to withhold $3.3 million in state funds from Berkeley. Houston's bill failed to pass the California State Assembly Committee on Transportation by one vote.

Council changes letter's language

25,000 people wrote to city leaders urging them to rescind the letter. Some members of the city council regretted their vote after the motion passed. Councilwoman Betty Olds said she was ashamed of her vote. On February 4, 2008, Council members Betty Olds and Laurie Capitelli called on the council to rescind the letter to the Marines and to declare that Berkeley was against the war but supported the troops. On February 12, 2008, the council met to reconsider the Marine Corps Recruiting motions. On this day, at its peak, 2,000 protesters gathered outside city hall, with one group protesting against the city council motion that included Move America Forward, and the other, consisting mainly of Code Pink, protesting in support of the motions.  The two sides faced each other with police separating them on Martin Luther King Jr. Way; both sides exchanged songs, chants, flag waves, yells, and obscenities. The protest lasted 24 hours, ending at around 1:00 am on February 13. There were four arrests. The City of Berkeley spent $93,000 in police overtime on February 12 as part of a large police presence to keep the peace.

On February 13, 2008, after four hours of debates and public comment that included over one hundred speakers, ending at 1:30 am, the Berkeley city council decided 7-2 not to send the letter they had asked the city clerk to draft to the Marines. The new letter written by Mayor Tom Bates and Council members Max Anderson, Linda Maio and Darryl Moore affirmed "the recruiters' right to locate in our city and the right of others to protest or support their presence." The new letter also stated that Berkeley did not support "the recruitment of our young people into this war" but "deeply respect and support the men and women in our armed forces." The council decided 5-4 not to offer an official apology, but some individual members of the council expressed regret.

The council did not reverse four of its previous motions concerning the Marine Corps recruiting center. The council allowed to stand a resolution to "applaud residents and organizations such as Code Pink for "[impeding], passively or actively" military recruiting. The parking permit and noise permit for Code Pink was also upheld. Mayor Bates told the San Jose Mercury News: "The Marines have the right to be in Berkeley. It was bad judgment for them to come here. We wish they would leave. We support their right to be here but we wish they would move on."

After council reversal
Federal and state legislation seeking to remove funding for Berkeley was not dropped and is currently still pending. Senator DeMint said after the council's actions: "It's a national embarrassment that these officials refuse to apologize to our troops and their families and continue to support actions against military recruitment." On the Senate floor, California US Senator Barbara Boxer argued against DeMint's amendment, and said that other state and local governments pass resolutions and measures that Congress doesn't agree with, without getting their funding for earmarks removed. Because of Democratic control of the legislatures and fear of voter backlash, it is unlikely that either measure will pass. The group supporting Marine recruiting, Move America Forward, sent 3 tons of candy, cookies, hot cocoa, coffee and beef jerky to troops serving in Iraq and Afghanistan. Code Pink continued its protests outside the recruiting center. Code Pink cofounder Medea Benjamin said of the council's decision: "We are really proud of the Berkeley City Council for not buckling under intense pressure from the pro-war 'swift-boaters."

On February 20, the Associated Students of the University of California at Berkeley passed a resolution against the Berkeley City Council's rhetoric and methods against the Marine Corps recruiting center. The resolution also urged the City Council to submit a letter of apology to U.S. servicemen and women. While mostly a symbolic measure, the resolution nonetheless shows the historically anti-war campus voices support for the troops and adds pressure from Berkeley residents.

In the aftermath of the controversy, City Councilmember Gordon Wozniak planned to present a proposal to the City Council in its February 26 meeting requiring that all recommendations/resolutions coming from the city's Peace and Justice Commission (PJC) be heard twice by the City Council before they are approved. The PJC, the author of the January 2008 resolutions, is the most prolific and controversial of the 45 bodies that makes recommendations to the city council. However, Councilmember Wozniak withdrew it from the agenda and referred it for rescheduling.

On February 23, 2008, a scuffle occurred between about 25 activists and police that resulted in 2 arrests and sprained fingers and bruises for police after The World Can't Wait activists violated the rules by chaining themselves together and marched with bullhorns.

Move America Forward advertisement
On February 21, 2008, Move America Forward screened a television advertisement on the University of California, Berkeley campus that was critical of the Berkeley council. The sixty second advertisement shows council members and the mayor saying that they had no reason to apologize followed footage of two former Marines asking the viewers to sign an online petition to persuade the city council to apologize. The advertisement will run on Bay Area and Sacramento news programs as well as nationally on Fox News and CNN. In response to the advertisement Council member Max Anderson said that the council will not be bullied or coerced into action.

Code Pink ends protests
On September 24, 2008, after nearly a year of regular protest, Code Pink announced that "Major protest operations at the (Marine Corps Recruiting Center) have been ended." Approximately one month later, the offices of the East Bay chapter of Code Pink closed down when the lease on the building that housed the organization expired and the group was unable to secure funds to renew the lease. However, anti-war protests organized by The World Can't Wait still continue at, and in the vicinity of, the Marine Corps Recruiting Center on Shattuck Avenue.

See also

Counter-recruitment
Military recruitment
Opposition to the Iraq War

References

2007 controversies in the United States
Protests against the Iraq War
Political controversies in the United States
21st century in Berkeley, California
United States Marine Corps in the 21st century
2007 protests
Military in the San Francisco Bay Area
2007 in California


The OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon, an Earth station in Australia, was established to meet the need for more reliable and higher quality communications for the Apollo program. NASA contracted Australia's Overseas Telecommunications Commission (OTC) "to provide an earth station near Carnarvon, Western Australia to link the NASA tracking station in that area to the control centre in the USA", also contracting COMSAT to launch three Intelsat-2 communications satellites.

Television and NASA-assist operations
The "sugar scoop" antenna became operational on 29 October 1966 when Intelsat-2A, the first of the three satellites launched, gave OTC and the Australian Broadcasting Commission a brief chance to test satellite television communications as the satellite drifted to failure over the Indian Ocean. On 24 November 1966, test patterns for the first live telecasts from Australia to England were successful. The next day, a live BBC television broadcast from a studio in London featured interviews linking UK families with their British migrant relatives standing in Robinson Street, Carnarvon.

The "sugar scoop" became famous again on 21 July 1969, the day of the Apollo 11 Moon landing, relaying Neil Armstrong's first steps on the Moon from NASA's Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station, Canberra, to Perth's TV audience via Moree earth station - the first live telecast into Western Australia.

The OTC station's eight years of communications support for the Carnarvon Tracking Station began on 4 February 1967, three weeks after Intelsat-2B was launched. A larger parabolic antenna was commissioned in late 1969 to upgrade the support for the later Apollo missions. OTC continued to provide communications support for NASA space programs until the NASA station closed early in 1975. Thereafter it tracked some NASA missions on its own account.

Contract tracking operations
During OTC's last years of operation in Carnarvon, multiple tracking contracts were completed including:
 prime responsibility for controlling the European Space Agency (ESA) Giotto mission probe which sampled the tail of Halley's Comet
 launch support for ESA missions and for the Indian Space Agency's first satellite
 tracking of German TV and communication satellites
 assistance with the launch and orbital parking of Meteorsat for Africa
 guiding the Marecs communications satellite
 monitoring the launch of the Japanese geosynchronous marine observation satellite, MOS-1, in February 1987

Decommissioning
The station was decommissioned in April 1987, but the site is still actively involved in solar scientific research, hosting a node of the Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network. In 2022 the OTC antenna was acquired by ThothX Australia, who are recommissioning it and refurbishing it into a deep space radar to provide space situational awareness on resident space objects in geostationary orbit. The new radar will extend Thothx's existing radar coverage over the Americas to the Indo-Pacific region.

"OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon (fmr)" is a registered heritage site with the Heritage Council of Western Australia. It has local, national and international cultural-heritage significance.

The Carnarvon Space and Technology Museum opened in 2012.

References

 OTVA Website
 exOTC website and Carnarvon construction images and information
 Information courtesy Paul Dench, ex Chief Engineer and contractor Company Manager of the Carnarvon Tracking Station

External links

 Carnarvon Space and Technology Museum

Earth stations in Western Australia
Radio telescopes
Carnarvon, Western Australia
NASA facilities in Australia
1966 establishments in Australia
1975 disestablishments in Australia
State Register of Heritage Places in the Shire of Carnarvon


Paul Desjardins (born September 27, 1943 in Ottawa, Ontario) is a former all-star professional Canadian football offensive lineman who played nine seasons in the Canadian Football League.

External links
Career bio

1943 births
Living people
Canadian football offensive linemen
Franco-Ontarian people
Ottawa Gee-Gees football players
Players of Canadian football from Ontario
Canadian football people from Ottawa
Toronto Argonauts players
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players


George Esten Cooke (1793–1849) was an itinerant United States painter who specialized in portrait and landscape paintings and was one of the South's best known painters of the mid nineteenth century.  His primary patron was the industrialist Daniel Pratt, who built a gallery in Prattville, Alabama, solely to house Cooke's paintings.

Early life
Cooke was born in St. Mary's County, Maryland, and abandoned a fledgling career in business at an early age in order to become a full-time artist.

Career
After several years of painting portraits for a living, Cooke left for what would become a five-year tour of Europe. His time there was mostly spent learning from and copying the works of the Renaissance master artists, with many of Cooke's copies being sent back to the United States for show or sale.

At some time between 1826 and 1830, Cooke made a copy in Paris of The Raft of the Medusa, a monumental painting by Théodore Géricault depicting a notorious incident following a shipwreck. Cooke's smaller version (4' x 6') was shown in Boston, Philadelphia, New York City, and Washington, D.C., to crowds, who knew about the controversy surrounding subject. Reviews of the painting were favorable, and stimulated plays, poems, performances, and a children's book. The painting was bought by a former admiral, Uriah Phillips, who left it in 1862 to the New York Historical Society, where it was miscataloged as by Gilbert Stuart and remained inaccessible until the mistake was uncovered in 2006 following an inquiry by Nina Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, a professor of art history at the University of Delaware in Newark, Delaware.  The university's conservation department undertook restoration of the work.

After returning to the U.S., Cooke and his wife spent the next decade traveling and working with no fixed home. His work took him throughout the Southern United States, where he primarily made his living painting portraits of both famous and ordinary people. By the 1840s, his portraits were earing him financial success and regional fame.

Daniel Pratt's patronage

In 1844 in New Orleans, Cooke started what would become his most important professional relationship when he met Daniel Pratt, an Alabama industrialist.  Pratt was immediately drawn to Cooke's work, and decided to give the artist two floors in one of his warehouses for Cooke to use as a gallery and studio.  After a few years, Pratt decided to take the unusual step of adding a separate gallery to his home in Prattville, Alabama, which was solely dedicated to the housing of Cooke's art. Pratt also commissioned Cooke to paint what would become his best known work, the Interior of St. Peter's Rome, a giant painting based on a smaller piece that Cooke had previously painted during his travels in Europe.

In 1867, Pratt's widow donated Interior of St. Peter's Rome to the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia, where it still hangs today in the university's chapel.  At 17 by 23.5 feet, the work was considered the largest framed oil painting in the world at the time of its 1867 donation, and it still ranks among the world's largest.

Death and dispersal of his work
Cooke's health had never been very good; in 1849, in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, he contracted cholera and died quickly from the illness.

Nearly 20 years after his death, the gallery in Prattville, Alabama, was found to be infested with dry rot and had to be torn down to prevent the rot from spreading.  As a result, all of Cooke's work housed at the gallery wound up being destroyed or dispersed. This prompted Pratt's widow to donate Interior of St. Peter's Rome to the University of Georgia.

Notes and references

External links
Biography at The Johnson Collection in Spartanburg, South Carolina

1793 births
1849 deaths
19th-century American male artists
19th-century American painters
American male painters
American portrait painters
Deaths from cholera
Infectious disease deaths in Louisiana
Painters from Maryland
People from St. Mary's County, Maryland


'Goodrich Transit Line or Goodrich Steamship Line or Goodrich Transportation Company or Goodrich Transit Company was a passenger steamship line operating in the Great Lakes region, principally in Lake Michigan in the 19th and early 20th century.

History

The line was founded in 1868 by Albert Edgar Goodrich (born c. 1825–1826, Buffalo, New York — 1885).

Goodrich merged in April 1868 with the Engelmann line, run by Nathan and Michael Engelmann.

What has become The Burger Boat Company, operating as "Rand & Burger Shipyard" and then "Burger & Burger Shipyard" built many steamship ferries for Goodrich (some are pictured below): the 205' S/S Menominee in 1872, the 165' S/S Depere in 1873, the 205' S/S Chicago in 1874, the 180' S/S City of Ludington in 1880, the 203' S/S City of Racine in 1889, the 201' S/S Indiana in 1890 for Goodrich.

The line leased the S.S. Christopher Columbus in 1899 and operated it Chicago-Milwaukee excursion service for more than 30 years. Many other ships were operated including the Menominee, Muskegon, Chicago, and Milwaukee (many of the ships were named after cities serviced).

Goodrich was involved in controversy.  More than one Goodrich vessel was lost due to shipwreck.  The SS Alpena was lost in October 1880 en route from Grand Haven, Michigan to Chicago, Illinois, and a subsequent investigation took the company to task for poor equipment condition and poorly trained crew.

The line was involved in a case versus the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1912, ICC v. Goodrich Transit Co., , which went all the way to the United States Supreme Court.

On February 4, 1915, the steamer Iowa (built in 1896 on the hull of the Menominee), on its way to the Port of Chicago with the Racine (belonging to Chicago Racine & Milwaukee Steamship Company), sent a radio message at 4:15 a.m., as she was about three miles out, that she had encountered heavy ice.  The ice was especially bad that winter with ice freezing up to 25 miles from the port.  She had been doing okay, under the command of Gerald E. Stufflebeam, as she approached the ice clogged harbor, until the wind shifted then she was crushed by the ice at 10:00 a.m.  As the Iowa sank about two miles out, the 1 passenger and 45 crew left the ship and took refuge on the ice.  They started walking toward Chicago as rescuers headed to meet them, including city tugboats.

Goodrich went bankrupt in 1933 and its operations ceased permanently.

Gallery

References

Further reading
Red stacks over the horizon; story of the Goodrich Steamship Line. by James L. Elliott. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1967.

Water transportation in the United States


In late January 2008 the CIA launched missiles from unmanned aerial vehicles at a house in North Waziristan where they believed a militant summit was taking place.

The Bureau of Investigative Journalism reported that this was the first drone strike for which the CIA did not seek approval from Pakistan before the strike. Targeted killing, another site that focused on tracking the outcomes of drone strikes, reported that there was a lot of confusion as to who was killed, who owned the house that was destroyed, and the exact date of the strike.

Initially security officials, claimed the most senior target had been Abu Yahya al Libi, until al Qaeda announced it had been Abu Laith al Libi. On February 5, 2008, Adnkronos named other militants were killed: Kuwaitis, Abu Obeida Tawari al-Obeidi, Abu Adel al-Kuwaiti and another man Abdel Ghaffar al-Darnawi. The Daily Times reported that the dead included five men who spoke the language of Mohammed" (i.e. Arabic).

The Washington Post reported that the guesthouse that was targeted belonged to Abdul Sattar, a taxi driver. They quoted neighbors who pointed out that knowing members of the Taliban was not a crime, in Pakistan.
Other sources described Sattar as an elder, who was also a member of a gang that engaged in kidnappings for ransom and car thefts.

The World Almanac of Islamism: 2014 cited al-Obeidi as an example of a Kuwaiti who had assumed a significant role in al Qaeda's leadership.

References

January 2008 events in Pakistan
Deaths by United States drone strikes in Pakistan
Assassinated al-Qaeda members
2008 in Pakistan


The 1-center problem, also known as minimax problem or minmax location problem, is a classical combinatorial optimization problem in operations research of facilities location type. In its most general case the problem is stated as follows: given a set of n demand points, a space of feasible locations of a facility and a function to calculate the transportation cost between a facility and any demand point, find a location of the facility which minimizes the maximum facility-demand point transportation cost.

There are numerous particular cases of the problem, depending on the choice of the locations both of demand points and facilities, as well as the distance function.

A simple special case is when the feasible locations and demand points are in the plane with Euclidean distance as transportation cost (planar minmax Euclidean facility location problem, Euclidean 1-center problem in the plane, etc.). It is also known as the smallest circle problem. Its generalization to n-dimensional Euclidean spaces is known as the smallest enclosing ball problem. A further generalization (weighted Euclidean facility location) is when the set of weights is assigned to demand points and the transportation cost is the sum of the products of distances by the corresponding weights. Another special case, the closest string problem, arises when the inputs are strings and their distance is measured using Hamming distance.

The 1-center problem can be restated as finding a star in a weighted complete graph that minimizes the maximum weight of the selected edges.
The corresponding problem of minimizing the maximum weight of a path between two selected vertices, in place of a star, is called the minimax path problem.

References

See also
Minsum facility location (1-median problem), with geometric median being a special case
Maxmin facility location (obnoxious facility location)
k-center problem
k-median problem

Combinatorial optimization


KOTA (1380 kHz, "NewsRadio 1380 KOTA") is an AM radio station licensed to serve Rapid City, South Dakota.  The station is owned by Riverfront Broadcasting, LLC. It airs a news/talk radio format.

The station was assigned these call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.

Weekday programming includes the Rapid City Morning News and Straight Up With Matt Smith, as well as nationally syndicated programming including The Clay Travis and Buck Sexton Show, Sean Hannity, and Dave Ramsey.

Weekend programming includes syndicated programming from Kim Komando and a variety of lifestyle programming.  During the NFL football season, select Sunday games are aired from Westwood One Radio Networks as well as every Monday and Thursday night game. The station also airs all Denver Broncos game through the Denver Broncos Radio Network.  All playoff and Super Bowl games are carried as well.

KOTA is the radio home of South Dakota Mines Hardrockers football and basketball, and features the yearly Homestake Trophy game.

History
The station first hit the airwaves on November 26, 1936, as KOBH ("Kall of the Black Hills"), a Thanksgiving Day present to western South Dakota.  It was owned by Black Hills Broadcasting, and operated from studios in the Hotel Alex Johnson in downtown Rapid City.

Originally broadcasting with a very limited licensed power of 150 watts, in 1944 KOBH sought approval from the Federal Communications Commission to move up to 5000 watts, which would dramatically improve its ability to reach this mountainous area. Asked to help, Congressman Francis H. Case sought military support. He discovered that U.S. Army Air Corps airplanes based at the recently established Rapid City Army Air Base (later renamed Ellsworth Air Force Base) used KOBH as a navigation beacon while training for European strategic bombing during World War II. With Pentagon backing, Case convinced the FCC to grant the power increase.  On New Year's Day 1945, the station signed on from its new, more powerful tower under new call letters, KOTA. In the same year, it secured an affiliation with CBS Radio that continues to this day.

In 1954, Rapid City businesswoman Helen Duhamel, a minority owner since 1943, bought full control of the station, changing its corporate name to Duhamel Broadcasting Enterprises. Since the 1990s, it has been a news and talk station.

In May 2017, the station signed on a new FM signal in Rapid City.  The FM translator has an assigned frequency of 100.7 FM and an effective radiated power of 250-watts.  The licensed translator uses the FCC assigned call sign K264CP.  This was done as part of the FCC’s AM Revitalization program.

Notable alumni of the station include B-movie producer Arch Hall Sr.

On January 1, 2019, the Duhamel family sold KOTA to Riverfront Broadcasting for $3.6 million. The sale was completed on May 1.

References

External links
KOTA official website

OTA
News and talk radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1937
1937 establishments in South Dakota


The University of Pittsburgh School of Education consists of five academic departments: Administrative and Policy Studies, Health and Physical Activity, Instruction and Learning, Learning Sciences & Policy, and Psychology in Education.  The school is primarily located in Wesley W. Posvar Hall although the school has facilities in the Petersen Events Center, Trees Hall, the Learning Research and Development Center, Falk School, and other locations. As of the 2016-2017 academic year, the student body consisted of over 1,200 students with nearly 1,000 among the over 50 graduate programs. The school is currently ranked 27th in graduate education according to U.S. News & World Report. As of 2017, over $26 million  in funded research was undertaken in the school.

History

A school of education at the University of Pittsburgh has roots as far back as 1843, when a teachers college designed to meet the demands for a proposed Pittsburgh High School, was implemented as part of an experimental curriculum by university head Heman Dyer.  However, plans were disrupted by an 1894  fire that destroyed the University's facilities and records of this early attempt at an education school. The current School of Education grew out of the Department of Psychology and Education established in 1904. Edmund Burke Huey helped in founding the department, and that year, the university began to offer its first two courses on education for practicing teachers. As the department grew, and the demand for local education training increased, Huey promoted the idea of a Teachers College, as it sometimes called, prompting then Chancellor Samuel McCormick to propose the establishment of a school of education. The trustees of the University adopted a plan on February 3, 1910, for the organization of the school. The first term of the School of Education began on September 26, 1910, and it shared space with the Schools of Mines and Engineering.  Will Grant Chambers, who replaced Huey who had left the university to pursue research on mental retardation, served as its first dean and head professor.

Programs
Through the five departments of the School of Education, the school offers five undergraduate degrees, 64 graduate degrees, 29 certificate programs, and five minors.

Administrative and Policy Studies (ADMPS)
Higher Education Management (Master's Degree and Doctorate Degree)
School Leadership (Administrative Certificate, Supervisory Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
Social and Comparative Analysis in Education (Master's Degree and Doctorate Degree)

Health and Physical Activity (HPA)
Developmental Movement (Master's Degree)
Exercise Physiology (Doctorate Degree)
Exercise Science (Bachelor's degree)
Health and Fitness (Master's Degree)
Health, Physical Activity, and Chronic Disease (Master's Degree)
Wellness (Bachelor's degree and Minor)

Instruction and Learning (IL)
Early Childhood Education (Teaching Certificate and master's degree)
Elementary Education (Teaching Certificate and master's degree)
Reading Education (Teaching Certificate, Supervisory Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
Secondary Education
English and Communications Education (Teaching Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
Foreign Language Education (Teaching Certificate, Master's Degree, Professional Certificate, and Doctorate Degree)
Mathematics Education (Teaching Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
Science Education (Teaching Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
Social Studies Education (Teaching Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
Special Education
Early Intervention (Master's Degree and Doctorate Degree)
Education of Students with Mental and Physical Disabilities (Teaching Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)
General Special Education (Supervisory Certificate, Professional Certificate, and master's degree)
Vision Studies (Teaching Certificate, Professional Certificate, Master's Degree, and Doctorate Degree)

Learning Policy Center (LSAP)
Learning Sciences and Policy (Doctorate Degree)

Psychology in Education (PSYED)
Applied Developmental Psychology (Bachelor's degree, Master's Degree, Teaching Certificate, and Doctorate Degree)
Research Methodology (Master's Degree, Doctorate Degree, and Minor)

References

External links
 Website
 University of Pittsburgh Website

University of Pittsburgh
Schools of education in Pennsylvania
1910 establishments in Pennsylvania


The Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad (DE&G) was built as a short line railroad operating in Kansas, and Oklahoma.  Incorporated in Oklahoma as the Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad Company, March 31, 1902, by the five Frantz Brothers.

History

In June 1902, construction started with grading at Enid, Oklahoma. Track laying began at Enid, reaching Guthrie, Oklahoma, on July 3, 1904. The first passenger train was an excursion train run from Enid to Guthrie on July 4, 1904. 1905 marked completion of the line northward from Enid to Kiowa, Kansas. The line from Guthrie to Kiowa was .  The Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad never reached its expressed terminals. When the Santa Fe acquired it, the line became a connecting link between its south bound Texas line at Guthrie, and its west bound California, Kansas, line at Kiowa.

On May 22, 1907, the Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad was sold to the Eastern Oklahoma Railway. Soon thereafter, on June 20, 1907, it was resold to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.

Geography

Starting at the south end of the line in Guthrie, Oklahoma, the DE&G departed from the AT&SF mainline just north of downtown and curved northwestward, paralleling, then crossing the sand-choked Cimarron River on a long wooden pile bridge.  The line continued northwestward through several small farming communities, servicing grain elevators.  A high wooden trestle carried the railroad across Skeleton Creek. At Enid, Oklahoma, the line crossed the former Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (now Union Pacific Railroad) as well as two lines of the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway.  In Enid the former AT&SF brick freight depot houses the Railroad Museum of Oklahoma, across the street from the classic Tudor AT&SF passenger station.  Between Jet and Cherokee, Oklahoma, the line crossed the western portion of the salt flats at Great Salt Plains Lake for several miles atop an earth berm fill.  North of Cherokee it bridged the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River, including a long wooden trestle over the flood plain.  At Kiowa, Kansas, the line terminated at a junction with the current BNSF Railway transcontinental line after passing through a cut about  deep.

Passenger Service
In March 1949, Northbound train number 54 left Guthrie at 8:15 AM Central Time, arrived in Enid at 9:55 AM, and terminated in Kiowa at 11:55 AM.  Southbound train number 53 departed Kiowa at 12:30 PM, arrived in Enid at 2:30 PM, and terminated in Guthrie at 4:20 PM.

Abandonments

Blanton, Oklahoma, to Kiowa, Kansas - 1996 ()
On December 23, 1996, the Surface Transportation Board approved the K & E Railway (K&E) request to abandon its entire 57.69-mile rail line between milepost 0.60, at or near Kiowa, Kansas, and milepost 56.98, at or near Blanton, Garfield County, northwest of Enid, Oklahoma.  K&E acquired the line from The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company earlier in 1996.  Historically, the line was used for grain gathering, but no traffic had moved over it for at least 5 years prior to the acquisition by K&E, and K&E had subsequently moved no traffic.  According to K&E, the track primarily consisted of 90-lb. rail installed between 1914 and 1921. The track was described as generally in fair to poor condition, requiring replacement of approximately 14% of the rail, 7% of the bars, and 46% of the ties to resume service. In addition, several wash-outs and four bridges are said to have required repairs.

Guthrie, Oklahoma, to Fairmont, Oklahoma - 1998 ()
This section was taken out of service in 1994 due to flood damage on the Cimarron River bridge and a couple of other creeks near the bridge. Although the blame for this abandonment is given due to a bridge washout at Cottonwood Creek it is more than likely due to the merger of the Burlington Northern Railroad and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Trains from Enid now run on the Avard sub to Perry, Oklahoma and then "west" to Guthrie.  On October 23, 1998, the Surface Transportation Board approved the BNSF Railway request to abandon 42.80 miles of its line of railroad between milepost 73.60 near Fairmont and milepost 116.40 near Guthrie  The line was railbanked, and the Oklahoma Department of Transportation was designated as the holder of rights to develop it for trail use. On Feb 19, 2010, a petition was filed by Montoff Transportation, LLC, of Seattle WA, to acquire from BNSF its residual right to reactivate the line and from ODOT its right to develop a trail.  The stated purpose at that time was to put the line back in service, and initially to develop portions of it for railcar storage.

Current operations
Enid to Fairmont, Oklahoma, is operated by BNSF Railway for directional running, in tandem with a parallel line which was formerly part of the Frisco (St. Louis-San Francisco Railway).  This is now part of BNSF Railway Avard sub, used for transcontinental traffic.

References

Defunct Oklahoma railroads
Predecessors of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway
Railway companies established in 1902
Railway companies disestablished in 1907
Defunct Kansas railroads
Railway companies in Enid, Oklahoma


Colour Revolt is an American rock band from Oxford, Mississippi.

History
Colour Revolt's members first played together while they were high school students at Jackson Academy in Jackson, MS under the name Foxxe, then changing to Fletcher and releasing a full-length album entitled "Friends Don't Speak". They then moved on to become college students at the University of Mississippi in Oxford, Mississippi. They took their current name from Edwin Abbott's mathematical novel, Flatland. The group had intended to record their first EP in Mississippi in August 2005, but Hurricane Katrina interrupted the recording session, and so they recorded it in the house of local label Esperanza Plantation's owner, Chaney Nichols. The self-titled EP came out in December 2005; following this the group toured with Brand New and signed to Interscope Records, who re-released the EP on their subsidiary Tiny Evil in October 2006.

The group has also performed at SXSW and toured with Dinosaur Jr., Black Lips, Okkervil River, Brand New, Menomena, Paper Rival, Explosions in the Sky, Malajube, Anathallo, and Manchester Orchestra. They then signed with Fat Possum Records; their full-length debut, Plunder, Beg and Curse, produced by Clay Jones, was released on April 1, 2008. In 2008, Boston newspaper The Phoenix named them the Best New Band from Mississippi. In 2009, Jesse Coppenbarger released a solo full-length album under the moniker El Obo.

More recently, Cajeolas, Clark and Addison left the band for personal reasons and the band was dropped from Tiny Evil. They were replaced by Daniel Davison, formerly of Norma Jean, on drums, Brooks Tipton on keyboards, and Hank Sullivant, formerly of The Whigs, on bass.  The band was signed to Dualtone Records.
2010 saw the release of their second album, The Cradle.  Davison and Sullivant were replaced by Patrick Ryan and Luke White for their summer tour.

Coppenbarger has recorded a new solo album as El Obo, titled Reach Into the Dark and Pull it Closer, which was released June 12, 2020. The album includes production by Andy Hull of Manchester Orchestra and was released by Favorite Gentlemen Recordings, Hull's personal label.

Members
Current
 Jesse Coppenbarger - vocals, guitar, keyboard
Sean Kirkpatrick - vocals, guitar, keyboards
Brooks Tipton- keyboards
Patrick Ryan- drums
Luke White- bass

Former
Baskin Jones - bass
Drew Mellon - bass
Patrick Addison - bass
Jimmy Cajoleas - guitar
Len Clark - drums, vocals
Wes Lawrence - bass

Session & Touring
Daniel Davison - drums

Discography
Fletcher
Andy's Greatest Hits (2001)
Friends Don't Speak (Esperanza Plantation, 2003)

Colour Revolt
Makeshift EP (2005)
Colour Revolt EP (Esperanza Plantation, 2005; re-released Tiny Evil, 2006)
Plunder, Beg and Curse (Fat Possum, 2008)
Daytrotter Sessions EP (2008)
The Cradle (Dualtone Records, 2010)
Daytrotter Sessions EP (2012)

References

External links
Official MySpace
Colour Revolt, Plunder, Beg & Curse Review
Interview with Jesse Coppenbarger and Patrick Addison at Audioholic Media

Indie rock musical groups from Mississippi
Fat Possum Records artists


Ippolito Ciera (fl. 1546–1561) was an Italian composer of the Renaissance, active at Treviso and Venice.

Little is yet known about his life, for neither his biography nor his works have yet been the subject of a scholarly study.  He was a Dominican friar and sang at Treviso Cathedral: the earliest documentary record of his life is a payment in 1546 for his salary there. In addition to singing, he taught music to the novices at the convent of San Nicolò. By 1561, he had become maestro di cappella, the choirmaster, at the church of San Giovanni e Paolo in Venice, a much more prestigious position, and incidentally in one of the musical centers of Europe. He probably knew Adrian Willaert, the founder of the Venetian School, and may have studied with him, as did many of the musicians in Venice at that time; his veneration for the elder master is shown in a laudatory sonnet he wrote and set to music for him. It is No. 12 in his first book of madrigals.

All of Ciera's known music is vocal. His complete surviving output amounts to a single setting of the mass, four motets, and two published collections of madrigals. Dates of the works range from 1554 to 1561, with the two books of madrigals – the first for four voices, and the second for five – published in 1554 and 1561, respectively. Ciera's style in his sacred music (the motets and mass) was akin to that of the Netherlanders, with dense pervading imitation. His madrigals, on the other hand, use chordal harmonies, and occasionally what was referred to as the "note nere" technique ("black note" for "filled in notes" – i.e. quick note values, running passages, alternating with other textures).  Some of the madrigals are antiphonal in places, reminiscent of the polychoral style of the Venetian School.

References
Philip T. Jackson: "Ippolito Ciera", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed February 6, 2008), (subscription access)
Gustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance.  New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.
Alfred Einstein, The Italian Madrigal.  Three volumes.  Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, 1949.

Notes

Italian male classical composers
Venetian School (music) composers
16th-century births
16th-century deaths
16th-century Italian composers
Madrigal composers
Italian Dominicans
Renaissance composers
16th-century classical composers


Estramina, originally called Extremeña, a two-masted schooner of 102 tons, was built at Guayaquil, in the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru, now in modern-day Ecuador, and launched on 13 October 1803. A Spanish Naval vessel, it was pierced for 12 guns but was armed with only four 4-pounders and carried a crew of 18. It was commanded by Lieutenant Mariano Isasbiribil, and engaged in hydrographical surveys.

On 1 October 1804 it was seized from port of Caldera in Copiapo Bay, Chile, by the armed merchant brig Harrington, Captain William Campbell, and sailed across the Pacific into Australian waters. Campbell probably believed that war between Britain and Spain, if not commenced already, was imminent. He instructed his prize crew to hide  Extremeña in Jervis Bay, which is 90 miles to the south of Sydney, New South Wales whilst he sailed to Sydney in Harrington to check on the state of relations between the two countries.

When Campbell arrived in Sydney there were no reports that Britain and Spain had been at war when he had seized Extremeña. The Governor of New South Wales, Captain Philip Gidley King RN (1800–06), hearing the Spanish vessel was hiding in Jervis Bay, ordered it to be escorted to Sydney where it was detained pending instructions from the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies in London. King also wrote to the Governor of Chile to explain that Extremeña and a Spanish merchant brig St Francisco & St Paulo had been recovered. The diplomatic correspondence was dispatched on His Majesty's Colonial Cutter  on 23 June 1805, but never arrived as Integrity was lost with all hands and without trace.

The Governor also reported the event to William Marsden, First Secretary to the Admiralty (1804-1807), stating that Extremeña had been under the command of Don Antonio José del Campo, which was not correct. The position of del Campo would, in the twentieth century, be called Extremeñas executive officer.  His signature would have appeared on documents on board and been misinterpreted by Governor King and his advisors who had a limited knowledge of Spanish. Several authors have since copied this error.

Meanwhile, based on legal opinion, it was decided to sell Extremeña at public auction and hold the proceeds in trust until a final adjudication could be made. At the time the colonial government was in desperate need of vessels and decided to bid for the vessel itself. The auction took place on 12 June 1806 and the schooner went to the government for £2,100. It was renamed Estramina and gave excellent service for many years under government ownership. Its last commander was Joseph Ross.

One of Estraminas tasks was to evacuate the settlers, convicts, guards, and the like from Norfolk Island after the government in New South Wales decided to close the penal colony there.

The fate of Estramina was reported by the Commandant at Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, on Friday 19 January 1816, as the vessel was beating out of the harbour with a strong north-east wind and ebb tide, she was obliged to come to anchor, which parted, and she drifted onto a sand bank, then broke up.

References

Ships of the Spanish Navy
Shipwrecks of the Hunter Region
Schooners of Australia
Individual sailing vessels
Maritime incidents in 1804
Maritime incidents in 1816
1816 in Australia
1788–1850 ships of Australia
1803 ships
Merchant ships of Australia
History of Newcastle, New South Wales
Captured ships


is a single by the Japanese punk rock band The Blue Hearts that was released on May 1, 1987. Lyrics and music were written by Hiroto Kōmoto, the band's lead vocalist, and was arranged by The Blue Hearts. The track reached #38 on the Oricon charts during its release year.

It remains one of the group's most popular songs and was included on many albums. It was rereleased as a single on February 6, 2002.

The B-side track on the single was "Boku wa Koko ni Tatteiru Yo" (僕はここに立っているよ I'm Standing Here), which was written by Masatoshi Mashima, the band's guitarist.

Original recordings
There is a noticeable difference in the guitar arrangement and sound mixing between Linda Linda'''s release as a single and its release on the album, The Blue Hearts. Band members agreed to this change for the album because it represents a change from their amateur days to a major band playing live concerts. The single version of the song, however, is more common on television and in commercials.

Related media
The song has made many appearances in popular culture, including being central to the plot of the 2005 Japanese movie Linda Linda Linda, which is about a high school girls' band which plays songs of The Blue Hearts.

The song was also recorded by American singer Andrew W.K. on his 2008 cover album, The Japan Covers.

American punk rock cover band Me First and the Gimme Gimmes included the song on their 2011 EP, Sing in Japanese.

American punk rock band MxPx recorded the song in English on their 2009 album On The Cover II. They included a Japanese version as a bonus track on Japanese pressings of the CD.

The Minneapolis-based band The Outliers released a version of the song on their 2008 album It Seemed Like a Good Idea at the Time.

It also made an appearance in the Nintendo DS rhythm games Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan as the song in the ramen shop owner stage, Metcha! Taiko no Tatsujin DS: Nanatsu no Shima no Daibouken, and in the Wii rhythm game Taiko no Tatsujin Wii: Do Don to 2 Daime.

It was also released as the character song of Masaomi Kida from Durarara!! in the first DVD.

A cover of Linda Linda was featured in the anime series The Rolling Girls.

All-girl Asian-American and Latina punk rock band The Linda Lindas named their band after the song.

The song is featured in the original 2021 Netflix film Mixtape''.

References

The Blue Hearts songs
1987 singles
Songs written by Hiroto Kōmoto
1987 songs


Local coverage

1983

1984

1985

National coverage
On December 9, 1982, the USFL and ABC Radio Networks jointly announced that ABC would do 39 national broadcasts of USFL games, including two playoff games and the league's championship game. ABC agreed to cover two games per week during regular season.

For the Saturday night package in 1983, Shelby Whitefield, Ron Menchine and Steve Grad for the commentators. Other announcers for ABC Radio's USFL coverage included:
Bob Buck (play-by-play)
Dick Butkus (color commentary)
Don Chevrier (play-by-play, beginning in 1984)
Johnny Holliday (play-by-play, beginning in 1984)
Paul Hornung (color commentary)
Marv Levy (color commentary)
Dan Lovett (color commentary)
Fred Manfra (play-by-play)
Craig Morton (color commentary)

For the playoff semi finals in 1984, Johnny Holliday and Paul Hornung called Los Angeles/Arizona game on Saturday while Fred Manfra and Dan Lovett called the Birmingham/Philadelphia game. Meanwhile, the championship game the following week (Philadelphia/Arizona) was called by Fred Manfra and Paul Hornung.

References

Sources
1983
1984
1985
USFL Local Announcers

Radio
ABC Radio Sports
Sports radio in the United States


Zombie Girl is a Canadian electro-industrial/industrial rock project started in 2005. Initially composed of Renee Cooper and producer Sebastian Komor, the group now consists exclusively of Cooper, who uses live musicians. The band's lyrics and themes center on black humor and B movie horror films. Zombie Girl also uses rock and roll-style grooves with their mostly synthetic instruments. She has produced two EPs and two full-length albums on the Alfa Matrix record label. Her albums are sold in the United States under the Metropolis Records label.

History
Zombie Girl released their first album, Back From the Dead, in 2006.

In 2008 Zombie Girl released a second album, Blood, Brains & Rock 'n' Roll. It was delayed due to three separate printing companies refusing to print artwork that contained copious amounts of blood, as well as a brain on a plate.

After Cooper and Komor parted ways, Komor released an EP without her, entitled Halloween, in 2009. Cooper continued as a solo act, backed up by various musicians; she released an EP, Panic Attack, and an album, Killer Queen, in 2015.

Filmography
Little Big Boy (2012) (as Zombie Girl) - Headshot Actress

Discography
Back From the Dead (2006) Alfa Matrix/Metropolis Records
Blood, Brains & Rock 'n' Roll (2007) Alfa Matrix/Metropolis Records
The Halloween EP (2009)
Killer Queen (2015)

References

External links
Zombie Girl on MySpace
Zombie Girl Biography from record label Alfa-matrix

Musical groups established in 2006
Canadian industrial music groups


In Fair Palestine: A story of Romeo and Juliet is a film produced by Palestinian high school students at the Quaker-run Ramallah Friends Schools in the West Bank. A documentary drama, it reprises the story of Romeo and Juliet in the modern-day context of life in a Palestinian city, Ramallah. Work on the project was initiated in January 2006 by Doug Hart, an English teacher of American background . The film premiered on 19 January 2008 at the Ramallah Cultural Palace to an audience of 800 people in the 700 seat cinema. The premiere garnered coverage by mainstream media outlets in the Palestinian territories, Jordan and Syria.

History
Hart proposed the idea to create the movie and gathered together a group of 10th grade students to work on the project. Students did background research on Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. During 11th grade, the writers and the director of the movie worked on the script and, in the summer, begin shooting. Shooting ran from 7 June until 28 September. Editing efforts continued through 12th grade until the film was finalized, a few days before its premier on 19 January 2008.

Tarek Knorn, one of the students involved as a co-writer and as an actor, playing the role of Mercutio, explained why the students chose to do an adaptation of Shakespeare's play:"We thought we would use a play that has values and principles that are shared by people all over the world. Issues that people all over the world have to deal with and learn from such as arranged marriages, love at first sight, teenage life, et cetera. We felt it was a good idea and saw it as our first chance to express ourselves in a manner different from the way the news represents us."

Synopsis
According to the students, the film is designed to humanize Palestinians and show the side of Palestine that does not always make its way into film. The film is made in the form of dramatic scenes interspersed with documentary pieces, so as to convey the lives of Palestinian teenagers. Based on the play by William Shakespeare, the movie deals with the lives of two star-crossed Palestinian lovers as they grapple with the realities of their everyday lives.

In this adaptation of the famous play, Romeo and Juliet meet at a party celebrating the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. They are wed in secret by a sheikh. The film follows the basic plotline of the original Romeo and Juliet, though in the film, Romeo does not hear of Juliet's faked death because a messenger sent to bring him the news is stopped at an Israeli checkpoint.

References

External links
 Concord Media DVD copies can be bought from this Quaker charity in Britain.

 Reuters transcript of coverage
 Film coverage by two teachers at the Friends Boys School
 Pictures from the premier by Westbanktarheel
Al-Watan newspaper, Syria
Al-Quds newspaper, Palestine
Dar Al-Hayat newspaper, Jordan

2008 films
Palestinian documentary films
Israeli–Palestinian conflict films
Docudrama films
Films based on Romeo and Juliet
Palestinian drama films


The Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Company ( Titas Gas) is the  natural gas distributor in Bangladesh, with an 80% market share. As of 2020, they employed 2,100 staff and served 2.8 million domestic customers, 12,000 commercial customers, and 5,300 industrial customers. It is responsible for gas distribution in Dhaka and Mymensingh.

History
Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Company was established on 20 November 1964 following the discovery of gas in Titas in 1962. On 28 April 1968, commercial activities started with the supply of gas to Siddhirganj Thermal Power Station through the Titas-Demra gas pipeline. The pipeline was constructed by East Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation. On 9 June 2008, the company was listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange and on 19 June 2008 it was listed on the Chittagong Stock Exchange.

Location of the field

The Gas field is located some 100 km away to the direction of northern-east from capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka. It lies at the outskirts of Brahmanbaria town. This field was discovered by Pakistan Shell Oil Company in 1962. The structure is an elongate north–south asymmetrical anticline measuring about 19x10 square km with a vertical closure of 500 m. As per latest official re-estimation, total recoverable gas reserve of Titas gas field is 4,740 billion cubic feet (134 km3). Commercial gas production from this field was commenced in 1968 and till 31 August 2006 total 2,581.162 billion cubic feet (7.30904×1010 m3) gas has been produced. The wells are spread (surface location) at 6 (six) different locations stretched over about 8 km distance. At present maximum 475 million cubic feet (13,500,000 m3) of gas is produced daily from 16 wells of this field and processing through 5 nos. glycol dehydration and 6 nos. Low Temperature Separation (LTS) type process plants and supplied to the transmission pipelines of Titas Gas Transmission & Distribution Co. Ltd. (TGTDCL) and Gas Transmission Company Ltd. (GTCL). Condensate produced (540 bbl per day on an average) with gas as by-product is fractionated into MS (Petrol) and HSD(Diesel) through two fractionation plants.

References

Oil and gas companies of Bangladesh
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1964
1964 establishments in East Pakistan


St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, is a parish under the Delhi Diocese of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church.

History
St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral is the first place of worship for the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church in Delhi. The beginning of the parish was in 1942 by forming a congregation by father Mathews, later Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews II. The parish was constituted in 1952 and the first vicar was father K C Thomas who later became Thomas Mar Makarios. When the parish created, it was under the Diocese of Outside Kerala with Alexios Mar Theodosios as its Metropolitan. When Delhi Diocese was formed in 1975, St. Mary's Orthodox Church was the principal church of the diocese and functioned as the Diocesan Headquarters. When the Delhi Orthodox Centre started in 1984, the Diocesan Headquarters was shifted to the Delhi Orthodox Centre.

The parish celebrated the Golden Jubilee of the setting up of the Delhi parish recently.

Cathedral
The parish was declared as the St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral in 1979.

The ‘mother parish’ has helped in and witnessed the growth of several parishes in and around Delhi during the last five decades. These are : Mar Gregorios Orthodox Church Janakpuri, St. James' Orthodox Church, Mayur Vihar Phase-3, Delhi, St. Mary's Orthodox Church, Faridabad, St. John's Orthodox Church, Mayur Vihar, St. Thomas Orthodox Church, Sarita Vihar, St. Thomas Orthodox Church, Ghaziabad, St. Basil Orthodox Church, Rohini, St. George's Orthodox Church, Dwaraka, St. Stephen's Orthodox Church, Dilshad Garden, Mar Gregorios Orthodox Church, Noida, and Mar Gregorios Orthodox Church, Dharuhera.

The Cathedral has set up a Chapel in St. Paul's School and built St. George Chapel in St. Mary's Medical Centre in Aya Nagar.

St. Paul’s School
While the church building was under the final stage of construction, in 1967 itself a payment of Rs.10,141.53 was made to the DDA towards premium for the allotment of a plot of land for the school admeasuring 9817 square yards, in which the foundation stone of the school was laid on 28 April 1968 by Mathews Mar Athanasios, the Metropolitan. In acknowledgement of a donation of Rs.10,000 from the estate of the late Fr. V.C. George, the school was declared as being run in his memory.
The setting up of the school was in fulfilment of the second objective of the Society, after the place of worship was built.
St. Paul's School, inaugurated in July 1968, has grown into a full-fledged Senior Secondary School for all students regardless of caste, creed or financial status or other extraneous considerations.

St. Mary’s Medical Centre
A major step towards the fulfillment of the third objective, of setting up a health care facility, by the Society, was taken in 2001.  On 22 April 2001, the foundation stone for a chapel, forming part of the medical centre, was laid by Job Mar Philoxenos, acting Metropolitan of Delhi Diocese, on a plot of land admeasuring 1500 square yards, and costing Rs. 24.51 lakhs, in Aya Nagar. Within a year, on 25 April 2002, this Chapel, named after St. George,  was consecrated by Job Mar Philoxenos. The work on the portion pertaining to the first phase of the medical centre was inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Delhi, Smt. Sheila Dikshit, on 18 August 2002.

Notes

External links
 Website of St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, Delhi
 Website of Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church
 Malankara Sabha History

Cathedrals in New Delhi
Churches in Delhi
Malankara Orthodox Syrian cathedrals
20th-century churches in India
20th-century Oriental Orthodox church buildings


William Bramley McCallum (born 10 October 1911, date of death unknown) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Norwood in the SANFL.

McCallum made his debut for Norwood in 1931 and went on to play 154 games for the club. Although he usually played as a centreman, he was also used up forward and in the ruck. He was twice a Best and Fairest winner with Norwood, a Magarey Medalist in 1936 and a South Australian interstate representative on 6 occasions. He played his last league season in 1941 and his last game was Norwood's Grand Final victory over Sturt.

External links

1911 births
Norwood Football Club players
Magarey Medal winners
Year of death missing
Australian rules footballers from South Australia


The Sunday Times CNA Literary Awards are awarded annually to South African writers by the South African weekly newspaper the Sunday Times. They comprise the ''Sunday Times CNA Literary Award for Non-fiction and the Sunday Times CNA Literary Award for Fiction, and are awarded for full-length non-fiction works and novels, respectively. Both winners receive R100 000. Ivan Vladislavic is the only person to have won both the fiction and the non-fiction award.

History of the Awards

Originally established in 1989, the Alan Paton Award was conferred annually for meritorious works of non-fiction. It aimed to reward books presenting "the illumination of truthfulness, especially those forms of it that are new, delicate, unfashionable and fly in the face of power," and demonstrating "compassion, elegance of writing, and intellectual and moral integrity." The award was named for Alan Paton, the famous South African author of Cry, The Beloved Country.

In 2001, a companion award for fiction was established, the Sunday Times Fiction Prize. The criteria stipulate that the winning novel should be one of "rare imagination and style... a tale so compelling as to become an enduring landmark of contemporary fiction." The prize was restructured in 2015 when fiction and non-fiction awards were brought together as the Sunday Times Literary Awards; the money for each prize was increased, from R75 000 to R100 000, and the Fiction Prize was renamed the Barry Ronge Fiction Prize in honour of Barry Ronge, a renowned South African journalist who was one of the founders of the awards.

In 2020, there was a one-year hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the awards recommenced in 2021 with a new sponsor, CNA, a South African retail chain of stationery shops, and are now known as the Sunday Times'' CNA Literary Awards. This sponsorship arrangement followed the acquisition of CNA from "embattled" parent company Edcon in February 2020. In 2021, books published between 1 December 2018 and 1 December 2020 were eligible.

Fiction winners

Non-fiction winners

References

South African literary awards
Fiction awards
Non-fiction literary awards
Awards established in 2001
Awards established in 1989
2001 establishments in South Africa
1989 establishments in South Africa


Jacobsen is a Danish, Norwegian and Dutch patronymic surname meaning "son of Jacob". The prefix derives from the biblical given name Yaakov ("supplanter" or "follower"). The cognate Jakobsen is less common.  The English language patronymic surname Jacobson is a parallel form, of which the earliest records are found in Huntingdon in 1244. Scandinavian immigrants to English-speaking countries often changed the spelling to Jacobson in order to accommodate English orthographic rules. Notable people with the surname include:

Alice Jacobsen (1928–1993), American sculptor
Allan Jacobsen (rugby union) (born 1978), Scottish rugby union player
Allan Jacobsen (cyclist) (born 1955), Danish cyclist
Allan Jacobsen (Australian footballer) (1916-1995), Australian rules footballer
Anders Jacobsen (footballer) (born 1968), Norwegian footballer
Anders Jacobsen (ski jumper) (born 1985), Norwegian ski jumper
Anker Jacobsen (1911–1975), Danish tennis player
Anna Jacobsen (1924–2004), Norwegian champion of Southern Sami language and culture
Annie Jacobsen, American investigative journalist and author
Arne Jacobsen (1902–1971), Danish architect and designer
Astrid Jacobsen (born 1987), Norwegian cross-country skier
Bernhard M. Jacobsen (1862-1936), Congressman from Iowa, USA
Bo Jacobsen (born 1948), Danish chess master
Carl Jacobsen (1842-1914), CEO Carlsberg brewery
Casey Jacobsen (born 1981), American basketball player
Christian Høgni Jacobsen (born 1980), Faroese football striker
Douglas Jacobsen, American religious scholar
 Edva Jacobsen, (born 1964), Faroese economist and politician
Eric Jacobsen (basketball) (born 1994), American basketball player
Eric Jacobsen (conductor) (born 1982), American conductor and cellist
Erik Jacobsen (born 1940), American record producer
 Fritz Jacobsen (1894-1981), World War I flying ace
Florence S. Jacobsen (1913-2017), sixth general president of the Young Women's Mutual Improvement Association of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Gay Jacobsen D'Asaro (born 1954), American foil fencer
Henry Jacobsen (1898-1964), Norwegian politician
J. C. Jacobsen (1811-1887), Danish industrialist who founded Carlsberg brewery
Jens Peter Jacobsen (1847–1885), Danish novelist, poet, and scientist
Johan Jacobsen (1912-1972), Danish film director
Jón Rói Jacobsen (born 1983), Faroese football defender
Jørgen-Frantz Jacobsen (1900-1938), Faroese writer
Joseph Jacobsen (born 1987), American pair skater
Josephine Jacobsen (1908-2003), American author
Ken Jacobsen (born 1945), American politician
Kevin Jacobsen (born 1937), Australian entertainment businessman
Kevin J. Jacobsen (born 1958), American brigadier general
Kirsten Jacobsen (1942–2010), Danish politician
Lars Jacobsen (born 1979), Danish footballer
Mette Jacobsen (born 1973), Danish Olympic swimmer
Nicolas Jacobsen, American hacker
Nils Kristen Jacobsen (1908-1993), Norwegian politician
Pål Jacobsen (born 1956), Norwegian football coach, former player
Pætur Dam Jacobsen (born 1982), Faroese footballer
Peder Nikolai Leier Jacobsen (1888-1967), Norwegian politician
Peter Jacobsen (1950-2002), English jazz pianist
Peter Jacobsen (born 1954), American golfer
Rógvi Jacobsen (born 1979), Faroese football (soccer) striker
Rolf Jacobsen (boxer) (1899-1960), Norwegian boxer
Rolf Jacobsen (1907-1994), Norwegian author
Rolf Jacobsen (politician) (1865-1942), Norwegian jurist and politician
Roy Jacobsen (born 1954), Norwegian author
Rune Angell-Jacobsen (born 1947), Norwegian novelist
Solveig Gunbjörg Jacobsen, first person born south of the Antarctic Convergence
Steinbjørn B. Jacobsen (1937–2012), Faroese poet, teacher and writer
Stephen Jacobsen, American bioengineer
Stephanie Jacobsen (born 1980), actress
Thomas Jacobsen (footballer) (born 1983), Norwegian footballer
Thomas Jacobsen (sailor) (born 1972), Danish sailor
Thomas Jacobsen (sledge hockey) (born 1987)
Thorkild Jacobsen (1904–1993), Danish-born historian and specialist in Assyriology and the Epic of Gilgamesh
Uwe Jacobsen (born 1940), German swimmer
Wayne Jacobsen (born 1953), American author
 Will Jacobsen (born 1988), American basketball player
William S. Jacobsen (1887-1955), Congressman from Iowa, USA

See also
Jakobsen

References

Danish-language surnames
Norwegian-language surnames
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names


Charles Julius Perry (20 October 1888 – 4 January 1961) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Norwood in the SAFL, and a Methodist Chaplain who served in the First AIF.

Family
The son of Isaiah Perry (1854-1911), and Caroline Marie Paulina Perry (1869-1956), née Roediger, Charles Julius Perry was born in Terowie, South Australia on 20 October 1888. His brother, Sir Frank Tennyson Perry (1887-1965) was a South Australian industrialist and member of parliament.

He married Florence Muriel Day (1985-1973) on 16 September 1920.

Football

Norwood (SAFL)
Perry, commonly known as "Redwing" due to his red hair, appeared in 58 games for Norwood and would have played more had World War I not interrupted his career. A Methodist minister, Perry finished equal first in a three way tie for the 1915 Magarey Medal count before having to settle for second after the umpires conferred to split the leaders as per the rules at the time. He was however posthumously awarded a retrospective Medal in 1998.

Training Units team (AIF)
He was captain of the Combined Training Units team in the AIF exhibition match which was played in London in 1916.

Military service
Enlisting on 1 March 1916, he served in Europe as a chaplain during World War I, and was involved in the AIF exhibition match which was played in London in 1916, captaining the Combined Training Units team. A news film was taken at the match.

On 24 January 1919, Lieutenant-Colonel H. D. K. Macartney, the Officer Commanding of the 3rd Australian Divisional Artillery recommended that Perry be awarded an Officer of the Order of the British Empire: "During the period Sept.17th to Decr.31st 1918, Chaplain-Major PERRY has been Chaplain to the 8th Aust.F.A.Brigade [viz., Australian Field Artillery Brigade]. His duties have always been carried out in a thoroughly cheerful and tactful manner, and throughout the rapid advance, leading up to the cessation of hostilities, his gallant bearing and unselfish devotion to duty, generally under adverse conditions, have materially assisted the administration of this Unit. He has been a splendid example to both Officers and men. [Signed] H.D.K. Macartney, Lieut-Colonel. Commander, 3rd. Aust. Div. Artillery.". There is no indication within the records at the Australian War Memorial as to whether the Officer of the Order of the British Empire was ever awarded to Perry as Macartney had recommended.

After the war he returned to Norwood but only played briefly before retiring in 1920.

He continued to serve in the Methodist clergy and, also, served as vice-chairman of the Norwood Football Club.

See also
 1916 Pioneer Exhibition Game

Footnotes

References
 Photograph at Charles Julius Perry, at Virtual War Memorial Australia.
 Pioneer Exhibition Game Australian Football: in aid of British and French Red Cross Societies: 3rd Australian Division v. Australian Training Units at Queen's Club, West Kensington, on Saturday, October 28th, 1916, at 3pm, Wightman & Co., (London), 1919.
 Richardson, N. (2016), The Game of Their Lives, Pan Macmillan Australia: Sydney.
 National Archives of Australia: World War I Service record: Charles Julius Perry
Wheaton, C., "Preachers and Their Pastimes: Rev C. J. Perry - - Footballer", The Australian Christian Commonwealth, (Friday, 5 July 1929), p.4.
 Military Forces of the Commonwealth: Appointments, Promotions, etc.: 4th Military District: Chaplains' Department, Commonwealth of Australia Gazette,  No.99, (Saturday, 28 August 1915), p.1681: Appointment of Charles Julius Perry as Chaplain, 4th Class (effective date 1 August 1915).
 First World War Embarkation Roll: Chaplain 4th Class Charles Julius Perry, collection of the Australian War Memorial.
 First World War Nominal Roll: Chaplain Charles Julius Perry, collection of the Australian War Memorial.
 First World War Service Record: Chaplain-Major Charles Julius Perry, National Archives of Australia.

External links

Norwood Football Club players
Magarey Medal winners
Australian military chaplains
Australian Methodist ministers
1888 births
1961 deaths
Australian rules footballers from South Australia
World War I chaplains
Participants in "Pioneer Exhibition Game" (London, 28 October 1916)
Australian military personnel of World War I
People from Terowie, South Australia
Military personnel from South Australia
20th-century Australian Methodist ministers


Rajendra Nagar (often spelled unofficially as 'Rajender Nagar' or 'Rajinder Nagar') is a residential colony in Central Delhi, Delhi, India. The name comes from Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first president of India. It is bordered by the Central Ridge Protected Forest on the east and south, IARI on the west, and Karol Bagh on the north. It is a constituency in the Legislative Assembly of Delhi. The current Councillor for the Municipal Corporation of Delhi is Aarti Chawla of Aam Aadmi Party (Ward No.102N).

Overview
Like most of the colonies developed in the 1950s, Rajendra Nagar was primarily a Punjabi refugee colony which came up during the years after the partition of India in 1947, when several such residential neighborhoods sprang up in the New Delhi area, including other examples such as Lajpat Nagar and Patel Nagar.

Rajender Nagar benefits from links with the Delhi metro. Shankar road divides the Rajendra Nagar into New and Old Rajendra Nagar. Old Rajendra Nagar touches Karol Bagh, which is famous for shopping and eating. New Rajendra Nagar is between Old Rajendra Nagar and Ridge, and is also adjacent to Connaught Place, with Talkatora stadium a short walk away. The locality is posh with many parks in New Rajendra Nagar. Central Park in New Rajendra Nagar is called Nehru Park.

Administration
It is part of the Rajinder Nagar Assembly constituency.

Coaching industry

Rajendra Nagar is home to many coaching institutes. It is one of the two education hubs in Delhi for government job aspirants (the other being Mukherjee Nagar).

However, the striking difference between these two locations is the demographics of students. While, majority of student-population in Rajendra Nagar comprises those preparing for exams conducted by UPSC (and usually in English medium), Mukherjee Nagar is dominated by a mix of students preparing (i) either for exams conducted by SSC (like CGL and CHSL) (ii) or for civil services exams in Hindi medium.

The streets are filled with sprawling book stores, libraries, rental housing and eateries an ancillary business along with the coaching industry.

Coaching industry of Rajendra Nagar and other parts of Delhi were severely impacted in 2020 because of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Notable people

Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan was born here in 1965 at the Talwar Nursing Home, and lived there for more than two decades while studying in Hansraj College and acting in TV series Fauji (1988), Circus (1989) and Dil Darya, before moving to Mumbai in 1991 to pursue a career in films.
 Bollywood singer Jaspinder Narula was born and raised here.
 Shakti Kapoor, Bollywood star, was also born and raised here.

Other known residents included Dilip Kumar, the Bollywood star who lived here for some years, Balraj Madhok a politician of the 1960s, Bollywood actor Shiney Ahuja, actress Divya Dutta and documentary filmmaker Avijit Mukul Kishore. Indian batsman Gautam Gambhir is a resident.

References

External links
 Rajendra Nagar, Delhi location

Neighbourhoods in Delhi
Central Delhi district


Sonal Ambani is an Indian sculptor and author. She is known for her 2004 book Mothers and Daughters, a photographic journal celebrating the mother-daughter relationship, which she wrote after losing her mother to cancer as a way of honoring her. Ambani mentored her children as they completed a sequel to Mothers and Daughters called Fathers and Sons,  which was released in 2009. Her sculptures have featured in many prominent exhibitions, most notable and recent of which is her sculpture Riderless World which is being shown at the Venice 2022 Art Biennale, organized by the European Cultural Centre. She has a patent for Systems and Method for providing Financial Services to Children and Teenagers. She grew up in New York City. Her father's art gallery in New York had a significant influence on her. She played the double bass in an orchestra and a jazz ensemble. Her father taught her how to sculpt. She was a skilled equestrian show jumper.

In 2010 she was named as the head of FICCI's ladies organization, FLO, in Ahmedabad.

Notable artistic achievements
Ambani began sculpting across various mediums and styles. Her work is part of the collections of many Indian art collectors and with collectors from Europe, the Middle East and the USA. Her works have been showcased at the Venice Art Biennale, India Art Fair, The Bahrain Art Fair, Ahmedabad Art Fair and several art festivals and at galleries in India. In 2018, she was selected to be among 101 people to create a piece for the Elephant Parade in India. Her stainless steel sculpture "The March of Time"  was chosen to be showcased and auctioned in Mayfair, London for the Concours d’éléphant Auction. A number of her  sculptures are  a part of the collection of the Royal Family of Bahrain. Her sculptures have also been exhibited at the Habitat Centre and Jehangir Art Gallery after being selected by the Art Society of India. Her stainless steel elephant "Elegance in Steel", which was exhibited at the India Art Fair in 2015, found a home in Switzerland. A vineyard in Nashik has been named The Red Tree Vineyard after her towering 25 feet tall, majestic sculpture, "Tree of Serenity".

Awards and recognition

 The Times of India Women Power Award for Art and Sculpture(2019)
 The Women of Excellence Award from FICCI-FLO(2018)
 Pfeffer Peace Award(2011)
 Pride of Gujarat-Maharashtra Award(2011)
 Tej Gyan Foundation(2011)

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Indian women photographers
21st-century Indian non-fiction writers
Women writers from Gujarat
Photographers from Gujarat
21st-century Indian women writers
21st-century Indian writers


Marie Jean Laing ( Sprado; July 30, 1937 – March 24, 2023) was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1986 to 1993. She earned Ph.D. and R.Psych degrees from the University of Alberta.

Political career
Laing represented the now-defunct southeast Edmonton riding of Edmonton-Avonmore for the Alberta New Democrats. She taught at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. Before her election she was active in the peace movement, and served as the Executive Director of the Edmonton Sexual Assault Centre.

Laing was narrowly elected in an upset during the 1986 election by just 93 votes defeating the PC incumbent Horst Schmid. She was part of a sweep of many Edmonton ridings by New Democrats.

As an MLA, she was noted for introducing feminist causes in the Legislature. Something she was less known for, Marie also supported treating lesbian and gay people as full citizens who deserved equal rights, and also legal protection from those that thought otherwise, including some even in her own caucus.  She was re-elected in the 1989 Alberta general election by a wider margin, but was defeated by Gene Zwozdesky in the 1993 Alberta general election.

Throughout her career, Marie mentored many women, serving as a role model and inspiring them to progressive causes. After her time as an MLA, she began teaching and became the Executive Director of the WORTH Centre, which assisted women with addictions. She was published in journals dealing with Family Law, including her 1999 article For the Sake of the Children: Preventing Reckless New Laws. Laing died on March 24, 2023.

References

1937 births
2023 deaths
Alberta New Democratic Party MLAs
Women MLAs in Alberta
People from the County of Stettler No. 6


Oleg Aleksandrovich Kerensky CBE FRS (), (16 April 1905 – 25 June 1984) was a Russian civil engineer, one of the foremost bridge designers of his time.

Kerensky was born in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire, the son of future Russian prime minister Alexander Kerensky, who survived the events of the Russian Civil War and emigrated to Paris in 1918. Both Oleg and his younger brother Gleb graduated as engineers in 1927, and both settled in the United Kingdom.

As an associate of Dorman Long, Kerensky assisted on the landmark 1932 Sydney Harbour Bridge. As an associate, and then a partner, in the firm Freeman Fox & Partners, Kerensky designed many British road bridges and structures such as the 1951 temporary Dome of Discovery in London, the largest dome in the world. He was president of the Institution of Structural Engineers in 1970–71 and won their Gold Medal in 1977. After his death in London, the same institution began their Kerensky Memorial Conferences beginning in 1988.

He was made a C.B.E. in 1964 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1970.

Kerensky was the father and namesake of dance critic Oleg Kerensky, Jr (1930–1993). Oleg Junior was in the 1981 film Reds portraying his grandfather when he was the head of the Russian Provisional Government.

References

1905 births
1984 deaths
Bridge engineers
British civil engineers
Russian civil engineers
IStructE Gold Medal winners
Presidents of the Institution of Structural Engineers
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Fellows of the Royal Society

White Russian emigrants to France
Children of prime ministers
Burials at Putney Vale Cemetery


USS Gillette (DE-681) was a Buckley-class destroyer escort of the United States Navy in service from 1943 to 1947. She was finally scrapped in 1973.

Namesake
Douglas Wiley Gillette was born on 10 September 1918 in Wilmington, North Carolina. He enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve on 5 March 1936. After serving at Naval Station Norfolk, on the  and after studying at the United States Naval Academy and Northwestern University, he was commissioned Ensign on 12 September 1941. Ordered to active duty on the carrier  on 17 November 1941, he was appointed Lieutenant (junior grade) (temporary). He was killed in action in the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands on 26 October 1942.

History
The ship launched on 25 September 1943 by the Bethlehem Steel Co.'s Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts; sponsored by Mrs. Pearl M. Gillette, the namesake's mother; and commissioned on 27 October 1943.

Battle of the Atlantic
After shakedown off Bermuda, Gillette sailed from Boston on 2 January 1944 for Balboa, C.Z., where for four months she conducted intensive exercises with submarines and escorted a convoy to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and returned. She sailed 9 May for Puerto Limon, Costa Rica, on a good-will tour and visited Barranquilla, Colombia, as well before returning to Boston 2 June.

From 4 July 1944 to 18 February 1945, Gillette made four round trip transatlantic escort voyages – three out of Hampton Roads and one from New York – to Oran and United Kingdom ports protecting Allied shipping. She subsequently served as a submarine training ship at New London, Connecticut, until 14 April 1945.

Pacific War
On 14 April 1945, she sailed for Hollandia via Borabora and Manus, and escorted a convoy thence to Manila, where she put in 17 June. Patrol and escort duties in the Philippines and to Ulithi occupied the busy ship until 6 August, when she sailed for Okinawa and returned as convoy escort to Subic Bay on 17 August. Following a round trip escort voyage from Subic Bay to Tokyo and return, Gillette continued patrol and logistics duties in the Philippines until departing Subic Bay on 26 November for San Diego, Calif., where she moored on 17 December 1945.

Gillette remained at San Diego until decommissioned there 3 February 1947 and placed in reserve with the Pacific group at San Diego.

Fate
Gillette was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 December 1972, sold on for scrapping on 11 September 1973.

References

External links

          navsource.org: USS Gillette
  The USS Gillette Homepage

Buckley-class destroyer escorts
Ships built in Quincy, Massachusetts
1943 ships


Bryntirion Athletic F.C. () was a Welsh football team from the Bridgend suburb of Bryntirion. In 2013, they merged with local rivals Bridgend Town to form Pen-y-Bont.

Merger
It was confirmed in 2013 that the club would merge with local rivals Bridgend Town to form Pen-y-Bont given them access to one million pounds of funding. The new club is based at Bryntirion Park and started life in Welsh Football League Division One from season 2013–14.

Club honours

League
Welsh Football League Division One
Winners: 2010–11
Welsh Football League Division Three
Winners: 2003–04
South Wales Amateur League Division One
Winners: 2002–03

Cups
Welsh Football League Cup
Runners-up: 2007–08, 2012–13

References

External links
 Club website

Defunct football clubs in Wales
Bridgend
Football clubs in Bridgend County Borough
1956 establishments in Wales
2013 disestablishments in Wales
Welsh Football League clubs
South Wales Amateur League clubs
Association football clubs established in 1956
Association football clubs disestablished in 2013


Patrick Francis Baxter (1 October 1891 – 3 April 1959) was an Irish politician from County Cavan. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) in the 1920s, and later a Senator for over 25 years, serving as Cathaoirleach of Seanad Éireann from 1954 to 1957.

Baxter was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1923 general election, when he won a seat as Farmers' Party TD for Cavan in the 4th Dáil. He had stood unsuccessfully in the 1922 general election, but after topping the poll in 1923 he was re-elected at the June 1927 general election with his vote halved. He lost his seat at the September 1927 general election.

After the collapse of the Farmers' Party in the late 1920s, he made three further unsuccessful attempts to return to the Dáil: at the 1932 general election as a Cumann na nGaedheal candidate in Cavan, at the 1933 general election as a National Centre Party candidate in Clare, and as a Fine Gael candidate in Cavan at the 1943 general election.

He was elected in 1934 as a senator for Fine Gael, for a nine-year term, but the Free State Seanad was abolished in 1936. When the house was re-established, he was re-elected in 1938 to the 2nd Seanad on the Agricultural Panel, and held the seat until his death in office in 1959. He was a Clann na Talmhan senator from 1938 onwards.

References

1891 births
1959 deaths
Farmers' Party (Ireland) TDs
Clann na Talmhan senators
Cumann na nGaedheal politicians
National Centre Party (Ireland) politicians
Fine Gael senators
Cathaoirligh of Seanad Éireann
Members of the 4th Dáil
Members of the 5th Dáil
Members of the 1934 Seanad
Members of the 2nd Seanad
Members of the 3rd Seanad
Members of the 4th Seanad
Members of the 5th Seanad
Members of the 6th Seanad
Members of the 7th Seanad
Members of the 8th Seanad
Members of the 9th Seanad
20th-century Irish farmers
Agricultural Panel senators


Image Metrics is a 3D facial animation and Virtual Try-on company headquartered in  El Segundo, with offices in  Las Vegas, and research facilities in Manchester. Image Metrics are the makers of the Live Driver and Portable You SDKs for software developers and are providers of facial animation software and services to the visual effects industries.

About
The Image Metrics proprietary facial animation system is a Markerless motion capture method in which an actor's performance is filmed and a 3D animated model is generated directly from the raw images. The process uses pre-existing or newly recorded video of an actor's facial performance shot with a video or High definition camera. All detail seen in the recorded video is then analyzed and mapped onto a computer-generated 3D model, including the detailed movements of teeth, tongue, lips and eyes.

The Image Metrics animation process captures facial details like eye movement, lip and tongue synching, subtle expressions and skin textures that can be compromised in the use of traditional motion capture methods. Advanced mapping technology allows Image Metrics to deliver facial animation results up to five times faster than motion capture methods and ten times faster than key frame animation (although this figure is subjective, since Keyframe Animation can be used to produce very different results.)

History
Image Metrics was founded in 2000 in Manchester by Gareth Edwards, Kevin Walker and Alan Brett. The Image Metrics office in Santa Monica was opened six years later.

The Image Metrics performance capture animation process was developed over the past seven years by an in-house team of physicists, programmers and animators. Since its inception, Image Metrics facial animation technology has been applied in over 40 video games, movies and commercials worldwide. In 2006, The New York Times heralded Image Metrics' techniques as "technology that captures the soul".

Image Metrics technology was also used to animate the deceased actor Richard Burton for a computer-generated encore performance. The company provided the modeling and facial animation for a photo-realistic, 11-foot 3D hologram of the late Burton for the Live on Stage! production of "Jeff Wayne's Musical Version of The War of The Worlds." Image Metrics animated a Richard Burton in his mid 30s to recreate his role as journalist George Herbert.  Image Metrics completed a total of 23 minutes of facial animation synchronized to the original audio recording of the international star of stage and screen.

Credits
Image Metrics has created facial animation for feature films including The Wolfman (2010), Meet Dave (2008), Foodfight! (2012) and Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007). In addition to its work with feature films, Image Metrics has created facial animation for a number of popular video games including Red Dead Redemption, Devil May Cry 4, SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs: Combined Assault, SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs: Fireteam Bravo 2, Bully, Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories, Syphon Filter: Dark Mirror, 24: The Game, Call of Duty 2, Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories, The Warriors, Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition, Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater, The Getaway: Black Monday, Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, and Grand Theft Auto IV.  They are also an integral component of Sony's SOEmote feature which debuted in the successful MMORPG, Everquest 2 in August 2012.

References

External links
 Image Metrics official website

Companies established in 2000
Computer animation
Visual effects companies
Companies based in Los Angeles County, California


Roman Świątkiewicz, pen name Roman Świątek, or Romuald Świątek-Horyń (born May 20, 1928), is a Polish writer, war veteran and World War II amateur historian. He published two controversial books about his personal experiences, Przed czerwonym trybunałem in 1987 in London (re-issued in Poland in 1990) and The Katyn Forest in 1988 in London under the pseudonym of "Romuald Swiatek". In the books he blamed the Germans for the Katyn massacre. In his second book he also claimed that Gerhard Buhtz, the leader of the German Katyn Commission in 1943 was killed by the Germans in 1944.

Świątkiewicz spent seven years in Soviet labor camps in 1950–1956, where he met several hundred of German POWs, who told him that they had seen Polish POW camps in Nazi occupied territories. In the preface to his book The Katyn Forest he wrote:

I hope that following will clarify my reasons for writing this book. When, in 1950, I found myself in Soviet labour camps, amongst German prisoners of war, Polish underground army members, some of Vlasov's men and Bandera's men, where the crime of Katyn was frequently and hotly discussed. I developed, quite when I know not, a deeper interest in the subject and, with the passage of time and influenced by material I had gathered, I began to see that the version of the Katyn crime given in 1943 by Polish exile groups in London had no real foundation.

During my seven-year stay in the camps, I met many German officers who, in 1941, were occupying the territories of Smolensk and saw, with their own eyes camps with Polish officers. I also met in the camps several residents of Smolensk whose statements finally confirmed my conviction that some Polish exile groups in London, /Sanacja/ took advantage of the discovery by Germans of the mass graves of Polish officers to use it as a political weapon against General Sikorski, whose policy towards the Soviet Union, as, indeed, his very person, was to them, total anathema.

After meeting a Polish POW – an officer from Kraków named Władysław Zak – who told him that he was transferred from a NKVD camp near Smolensk to a jail in Moscow just two weeks before the German attack on Soviet Union, Świątkiewicz became completely convinced that the Germans had committed the massacre in Katyn.

Świątkiewicz also complained that when he came to London in 1968, with the intention to publish his first book, his attitude did not win the sympathy of the Polish exile circles. The publisher of the book demanded that he dropped the controversial chapter.

Despite Russian officials admitting in 1990 that the massacre was committed in the spring of 1940 by NKVD on Beria's order, Świątkiewicz continued to believe that the Polish officers were murdered by Germans. He also claimed that Russia in 1990 was forced by Polish government to confirm what he believed was the false version of the events.

Bibliography
 Romuald Świątkiewicz, Przed czerwonym trybunałem, Otton Hulacki, 1987. 164 pp. . (Re-issued in 1990. Białystok, Białostockie Wydawnictwo Prasowe. 143 pp.)
 Romuald Świątek-Horyń, The Katyn Forest. London. Panda Press, 1988. 106 pp.

References

1928 births
Living people
20th-century Polish historians
Polish male non-fiction writers
Polish male writers
Katyn massacre investigators
Polish military personnel of World War II
Child soldiers in World War II


KOLY (1300 kHz) is an AM radio station licensed to serve Mobridge, South Dakota.  The station is owned by James River Broadcasting. It airs a full-service oldies-lean classic hits music format with extensive news, agricultural reports, sports, and Paul Harvey talk programming. In the early 1980s, KOLY-AM featured a country music format, local and national news, and agricultural information.

All three DRG Media Group (James River Broadcasting) stations in Mobridge share studios at 118 3rd St. East, in Mobridge. The KOLY AM and FM transmitters and the 581 foot tower are east of town, on Highway 12.

The station was assigned these call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.

Personalities
In 2006, sports director Pat Morrison celebrated 50 years on the air at KOLY-AM/FM as the voice of Mobridge High School.

References

External links
KOLY official website

OLY
Classic hits radio stations in the United States
News and talk radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1956
1956 establishments in South Dakota


The Lutheran Women's Caucus (LWC) was organized by women in the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod in the 1960s and opened up to other synods in the 1970s, during the second wave of American feminism.  The purpose of the LWC was to support the ordination of women in the Lutheran church.    The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) soon began to ordain women in the 1970s, leaving the primary cause of feminists who were within both the Women's Caucus and ELCA without a primary focus for members, though caucus members of the Missouri Synod continued to be active. Since the mid-1980s, about 64% of American and Canadian Lutherans are members of the ELCA or ELCIC.

Today, the Lutheran Women's Caucus supports abortion rights, and is a member of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice.

References

External links
 Newsletters of the LWC
 Puget Sound LWC Meetings

Feminist organizations in the United States
Lutheran organizations
Protestant feminism
1960s establishments in the United States