Draga Matković  (also known as Draga Matković-von Auerhann; 4 November 1907 – 29 July 2013) was a contemporary German classical pianist of Croatian descent.

Life and work

Matković was born in Zagreb, where she received her first piano lessons at the age of three from her strict adoptive mother, Sidonie Linke (also a pianist) in Aussig (Bohemia) and gave her first public concert in Terezín, then Theresienstadt. Later, at the age of 15, her adoptive father obtained a special permit from the government that enabled her to be admitted at age 15 to the German Music Academy of Prague and qualified aged 19 with the title of "professor of piano". She also took violin and singing lessons. In 1926, she first toured as a piano soloist to Poland, and later to other 16 European countries. After her marriage to the violinist Arthur Arnold (from 1937 to 1942), she moved to Teplice (formally Teplitz-Schönau) in Bohemia where she was very successful as a chamber musician and with orchestral concerts.

Just after the war began, her conductor was imprisoned because Matković performed a concerto by Felix Mendelssohn, whose music was prohibited as non-Aryan. In 1945, following her displacement from the Sudetenland, Matković found a new home in Bad Reichenhall, Bavaria, where she spent the rest of her life, dying in 2013. She proved her talent not only on the piano but as well occasionally on saxophone, as a conductor, and composer of several music pieces and an operetta (Golden Stars); this libretto was lost during the war. Her favourite composers are Mozart, Tchaikovsky, Chopin, Liszt, Raff, Grieg and all Nordic and Slavic composers. She practised as a music teacher up to the age of 95 mainly in the area of Berchtesgaden in Bavaria. She still performed classical piano music to an incredibly high level, as can be heard on the music samples attached. Her favourite instrument was a Blüthner piano. Matković was due to be enrolled in the Guinness World Records list as the oldest living and still practising concert pianist in the world. She gave a public piano performance on her 100th birthday, 4 November 2007, in Bayerisch Gmain near Bad Reichenhall, Bavaria. She played (among others) the "Polka de la Reine" by Joachim Raff, the Impromptu, Op. 28 by Hugo Reinhold, and pieces by Chopin, Liszt and Mendelssohn.

Last years and death
On her 102nd birthday, 4 November 2009, she performed her own composition "Tarantella" from 1927, which was not published before, as well as the Valse brillante, Op. 34, No. 1, of Moritz Moszkowski. (see YouTube links below). Matković died on 29 July 2013, aged 105, in Bad Reichenhall hospital.

References

External links
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1907 births
2013 deaths
Musicians from Zagreb
German centenarians
German classical pianists
German women pianists
Croatian emigrants to Germany
Yugoslav emigrants to Germany
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century German musicians
Women centenarians
Women classical pianists
20th-century German women
20th-century women pianists


Halifax station is an MBTA Commuter Rail station in Halifax, Massachusetts. It serves the Plymouth/Kingston Line. It is located off Holmes Street (Massachusetts Route 36) in northeastern Halifax. Unlike the other stations on the line, Halifax station has two side platforms serving two tracks.

History

The New Haven Railroad's Halifax station, closed with the rest of the Old Colony Division in 1959, was located on the opposite side of Holmes Street.

Service was restored on the Old Colony Lines on September 29, 1997. The station was quickly the busiest on the line. The original 281-space lot was expanded by 120–150 spaces around 2000.

References

External links

MBTA – Halifax

MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Plymouth County, Massachusetts
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1997
Halifax, Massachusetts


Massioux is a settlement in Guadeloupe in the commune of Anse-Bertrand on the island of Grande-Terre. It is to the east of Pressec.

Populated places in Guadeloupe


Magstatt-le-Haut (; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

See also
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin département
 Magstatt-le-Bas

References

Communes of Haut-Rhin


Magstatt-le-Bas (; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

See also
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin département
 Magstatt-le-Haut

References

Communes of Haut-Rhin


X Games XIV was a professional extreme sports event that took place in Los Angeles, California, United States from July 31, to August 3, 2008. Events were held at the Staples Center and the Home Depot Center as well as surrounding venues.

Events

Skateboarding

BMX

Moto X

Rallying

References

X Games in Los Angeles
2008 in American sports
2008 in rallying
2008 in multi-sport events


X Games XV was the fifteenth annual X Games extreme sports event. It took place from July 30 – August 2, 2009, in Los Angeles, California, at the Staples Center and the Home Depot Center. It was broadcast on ESPN networks, ABC, and EXPN.com.

The game featured the sports of motocross, skateboarding, BMX, surfing, and rallying.

Results

Moto X

Skateboarding

BMX

Rallying

Highlights
Highlights from the competition include:
 Jake Brown wins gold in Skateboard Big Air, two years after he suffered a horrific crash in the same event.
 Danny Way wins the inaugural Big Air Rail Jam, a contest which he created.
 Josh Hansen, son of champion Moto X rider Donnie Hansen, wins his second consecutive gold in Moto X Super X.
 Kyle Loza becomes the first person to win three consecutive gold medals in Moto X Best Trick in controversial fashion by using the same trick he used to win in 2008, The Electric Doom.
 Ricky Carmichael suffers an injury during Moto X Step Up. Due to the circumstances, dual gold medals were awarded to Carmichael and to Ronnie Renner.
 Anthony Napolitan lands the first ever double front flip on a bicycle.
 Blake Williams becomes the first non-American rider to win Moto X Freestyle gold.
 Jamie Bestwick wins his third consecutive gold in BMX Vert.
 Pierre-Luc Gagnon wins his second consecutive gold in Skateboard Vert.
 Travis Pastrana crashes in the final round of Rally Car Racing, while neck-and-neck with Kenny Bräck who then could go on to win the gold.

References

External links
EXPN.com
ESPN events schedule

X Games in Los Angeles
2009 in American sports
2009 in rallying
2009 in multi-sport events
2009 in Los Angeles
August 2009 sports events in the United States


Magny () is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

See also
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin département

References

Communes of Haut-Rhin


Munwiller () is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

See also
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin département

References

Communes of Haut-Rhin


The ecopedagogy movement is an outgrowth of the theory and practice of critical pedagogy, a body of educational praxis influenced by the philosopher and educator Paulo Freire. Ecopedagogy's mission is to develop a robust appreciation for the collective potentials of humanity and to foster social justice throughout the world. It does so as part of a future-oriented, ecological and political vision that radically opposes the globalization of ideologies such as neoliberalism and imperialism, while also attempting to foment forms of critical ecoliteracy. Recently, there have been attempts to integrate critical eco-pedagogy, as defined by Greg Misiaszek with Modern Stoic philosophy to create Stoic eco-pedagogy.

One of ecopedagogy's goals is the realization of culturally relevant forms of knowledge grounded in normative concepts such as sustainability, planetarity (i.e. identifying as an earthling) and biophilia (i.e. love of all life).

Early history
The ecopedagogy movement began in a Latin American educational context, growing out of discussions at the second Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992. Educators desired to present a theory and discourse about the interrelationship between society and the environment, a statement would eventually be ratified as the Earth Charter in 2000. In 1999 the First International Symposium on the Earth Charter in the Perspective of Education was held by the Instituto Paulo Freire, Brasil directed by Moacir Gadotti and in collaboration with the Earth Council and UNESCO. This was soon followed by the First International Forum on Ecopedagogy. As a result of these conferences, the Ecopedagogy Charter was also formed, launching the spread of ecopedagogy seminars and programs around the world.

Objectives and aims

Ecopedagogy's primary goal is to create a "planetary consciousness" through revolutionary teaching and learning. The movement aims to create educational programs that interrogate the intersection of social, political, economic and environmental systems. As an outgrowth of critical pedagogy, ecopedagogy critiques environmental education and education for sustainable development as vain attempts by mainstream forms of pedagogy seeking to appear relevant regarding current issues of environmental degradation. It is critical of mainstream representations of nature that are potentially informed by racist, sexist, and classist values, and wary of the tendency of "greenwashing" of environmental terminology.

While members of the ecopedagogy movement recognize that environmental education can accomplish some positive change, they question the ways in which environmental education (especially within global north) is often reduced to forms of experiential pedagogy and outdoor education without questioning the mainstream experience of nature as pristine wilderness. Ecopedagogy points out that environmental education is often tethered to state and corporate-sponsored science and social studies standards or fails to articulate the political necessity for widespread understanding of the unsustainable nature of modern lifestyles. However, ecopedagogy has tried to utilize the ongoing United Nations Decade of Educational for Sustainable Development (2005–2015) to make strategic interventions on behalf of the oppressed, using it as an opportunity to unpack and clarify the concept of sustainable development.

Ecopedagogy scholar Richard Kahn describes the three main goals of the ecopedagogy movement to be:

 Creating opportunities for the proliferation of ecoliteracy programs, both within schools and society.
 Bridging the gap of praxis between scholars and the public (especially activists) on ecopedagogical interests.
 Instigating dialogue and self-reflective solidarity across the many groups among educational left, particularly in light of the existing planetary crisis.

Angela Antunes and Moacir Gadotti (2005) write:"Ecopedagogy is not just another pedagogy among many other pedagogies. It not only has meaning as an alternative project concerned with nature preservation (Natural Ecology) and the impact made by human societies on the natural environment (Social Ecology), but also as a new model for sustainable civilization from the ecological point of view (Integral Ecology), which implies making changes on economic, social, and cultural structures."According to social movement theorists Ron Ayerman and Andrew Jamison, there are three broad dimensions of environmentally related movements: cosmological, technological, and organizational. In ecopedagogy, these dimensions are outlined by Richard Kahn (2010) as the following:

 The cosmological dimension focuses on how ecoliteracy, i.e. understanding the natural systems that sustain life, can transform people’s worldviews. For example, assumptions about society’s having the right to exploit nature can be transformed into understanding of the need for ecological balance to support society in the long term. The success of such ‘cosmological’ thinking transformations can be assessed by the degree to which such paradigm shifts are adopted by the public.
 The technological dimension is two-fold: critiquing the set of polluting technologies that have contributed to traditional development as well as some which are used or misused under the pretext of sustainable development; and promoting clean technologies that do not interfere with ecological and social balance.
 The organizational dimension emphasizes that knowledge should be of and for the people, thus academics should be in dialogue with public discourse and social movements.

Discussion of term in literature

Ecopedagogy is not the collection of theories or practices developed by any particular set of individuals. Rather, akin to the World Social Forum and other related forms of contemporary popular education strategies, it is a worldwide association of critical educators, theorists, non-governmental and governmental organizations, grassroots activists and concerned citizens who engage in ongoing dialogue and political action. This process attempts to develop ecopedagogical praxis in relation to the needs of particular places, groups and time periods.

The earliest use of the term "ecopedagogy" may have been by de Haan (1984) in a now little-known German text. Shortly thereafter, in the first known English use of the term, Gronemeyer (1987) described ecopedagogy as the merging of environmentalist politics and adult education. Ecopedagogy has also been discussed by Ahlberg (1998); Jardine (2000); Petrina (2000); Yang & Hung (2004); and Payne (2005). The work of Lummis (2002) shares some sympathies, such as a critical theory approach.

Ironically, at the same time it was coined by Freire's friend-cum-critic Ivan Illich (1988) to describe an educational process in which educators and educands become inscribed in abstract pedagogical systems, resulting in pedagogy as an end and not a means. As used by Illich, ecopedagogy is represented by forms of education that seek the total administration of life through mandatory pedagogical experiences of systemization. As such, he believed that the movements for lifelong education and the creation of global classrooms (Illich & Verne, 1981) by bureaucratic educational institutions exemplified such approaches. However, he was also critical of popular environmentalist pedagogy attempting to mobilize people's sentiments for solutions to problems such as global warming, hunger, and rainforest destruction. Illich's point was that such an ecopedagogy works on a problems/solutions axis that implies a global managerialism that is abhorrent to truly sustainable living in the world. This is a different idea from the way the term and concept is being defined and utilized in critical education circles today, though it is potentially of great importance for the future development of the ecopedagogy movement on the whole.

Paulo Freire was himself at work on a book of ecopedagogy upon his death in 1997, parts of which are included in his posthumous Pedagogy of Indignation (2004). Other influential books include: Francisco Gutierrez and Cruz Prado's Ecopedagogy and Planetary Citizenship (1999), Moacir Gadotti's Pedagogy of the Earth (2000), and Richard Kahn's Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement.

Criticisms
Both supporters and critics of ecopedagogy agree that historically, critical educators in the West have been largely unsuccessful at addressing environmental issues in their classrooms. However, much disagreement still exists between critics and supporters of ecopedagogy on the ethics, theoretical approach, and methodology of this pedagogical style.

The strongest criticisms of ecopedagogy begins with the idea that Paulo Freire, critical pedagogy's founding figure, was unconscious of ecological challenges. The well-known collection, Rethinking Freire, includes strong criticisms of many aspects of critical pedagogy by Illichan and eco-literacy teachers, criticisms that necessarily include the ecopedagogy movement. One critic, C.A. Bowers, argues that if ecopedagogy (and the larger critical pedagogy of Freire and Gadotti) were universally adopted, it would contribute to the hegemonic spread of Western culture and systems, thereby choking out non-Western ways of thinking, viewing, and interacting with the human and built environments. Bowers further argues that adoption of Freirean ecopedagogy would hasten the existence of a world monoculture and would fail to address the systemic roots of the current ecological crisis and fail to protect the commons from further exploitation. In this view, ecopedagogy is akin to an educational Trojan horse that is little more than a vehicle for transmitting Western culture and domination.

Moderate critics of ecopedagogy argue that the critical lens of ecopedagogy can be useful, but that its adherents must be actively critical of ecopedagogy itself. They argue that without a constant focus on understanding and fostering diversity in thought, culture, and ecosystem, ecopedagogy is meaningless and could be counter-productive to its aims. Ecopedagogy (and critical pedagogy) has also been heavily criticized for not being critical of the categories that underlie its work. Here, critics argue that in valuing individualism, ecopedagogy fails to attend to traditional eco-centered cultures' already deep connection to the non-human world. Moreover, some scholars from the eco- and critical pedagogical traditions fail to recognize how the "primary categories in classical liberal thought may operate in the discourse of critical pedagogy".

Ecopedagogy in action
Ecopedagogy emphasizes the necessity of praxis alongside theory. Besides the specific ecopedagogy degree programs and Paulo Freire Institutes, there are many instances of ecological education that not only teach people the critical thinking of ecopedagogy but also engage them in learning through action. For example, a study conducted with 10-year-old children in West Scotland concluded that interactive dramatic education was successful in engaging students in ecological, social, and political dimensions of global problems such as solid waste and deforestation. The dramatic exercises required to make a decision or take a stance, thus strengthening their understanding and conviction of the issues. And ecopedagogy is not limited to formal students; in Turkey, for example, participatory action research showed that an outdoor community-based ecopedagogy program for university professors was successful in the "promotion of public participation, the engagement of students, teacher and parents in local environmental issues, and the development of social capital to achieve environmental sustainability. By situating local knowledge within critical pedagogy and social activism, these projects can help universities to bridge the gap between academia and society."

Greta Gaard outlines the necessity for children's environmental literature to encompass the following core aspects of ecopedagogy:

 praxis
 teaching ABOUT the social and natural environment
 teaching IN the social and natural environment
 teaching THROUGH the social and natural environment
 teaching the connections of sustainability
 urgency

The question of technology had become increasingly pertinent. While the production and consumption of technology largely has a negative effect on the environment and certain aspects of society-environment relations, technology still provides certain new avenues in ecopedagogy. For example, more people have access to information and collaboration through the internet and thus can engage in informal ecological education faster and in wider spheres. Similarly, community projects to install solar panels or wind turbines or simple technology that help farms to transition to agroecology are examples of the uses of technology in ecopedagogy.

References

Sources

 Grigorov, S. 2012. International Handbook of Ecopedagogy for Students, Educators and Parents. A Project for a New Eco-Sustainable Civilization. BCSLDE, Sofia. Free for download at: www.bcslde.org
 Grigorov, S & Fleuri, R. 2012. Ecopedagogy: educating for a new eco-social intercultural perspective. Visão Global,  UNOESC, Florianopolis. Free for download at: http://editora.unoesc.edu.br/index.php/visaoglobal/article/view/3435/1534 and https://www.academia.edu/4111655/Grigorov_S_and_Fleuri_R._2012._Ecopedagogy_educating_for_a_new_eco-social_intercultural_perspective._Visao_Global_UNOESC_Florianopolis
Kahn, R. 2010. Love Hurts: Ecopedagogy Between Avatars and Elegies. Teacher Education Quarterly, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Fall).
Kahn, R. 2009. Producing Crisis: Green Consumerism as an Ecopedagogical Issue. In J. Sandlin and P. McLaren (Eds.), Critical Pedagogies of Consumption: Living and Learning Beyond the Shopocalypse. New York: Routledge.
Kahn, R. 2008. Towards Ecopedagogy: Weaving a Broad-based Pedagogy of Liberation for Animals, Nature and the Oppressed Peoples of the Earth. In A. Darder, R. Torres and M. Baltodano (Eds.), The Critical Pedagogy Reader (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
Kahn, R. 2007. The Ecopedagogy Movement: From Global Ecological Crisis to Cosmological, Technological and Organizational Transformation in Education. Doctoral Dissertation (Committee: Douglas Kellner, Chair; Peter McLaren; and Steven Best), Graduate School of Education & Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles.

Pedagogy
Critical pedagogy
Environmental education


Muntzenheim (, ; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department, Alsace, administrative region of Grand Est, France.

See also
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin département

References

Communes of Haut-Rhin


Munchhouse (; ; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

See also
 Communes of the Haut-Rhin département

References

Communes of Haut-Rhin


The Canton of Baie-Mahault is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 29,976 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. The canton comprised the commune of Baie-Mahault.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


"A Little More Love" is a song recorded by British singer-songwriter and actress Lisa Stansfield, released in June 1992 as the fifth single from her second album, Real Love (1991). The song was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. On 30 June 1992, it was released as a single in the United States and peaked at number thirty on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The live music video recorded at the Wembley Stadium was also released. "Set Your Loving Free" which was included on the B-side of the single and remixed by Masters at Work, reached number twenty on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart.

Critical reception
David Taylor-Wilson from Bay Area Reporter complimented the song as an "exciting" number, adding that "clubs will have a field day". Larry Flick from Billboard described "A Little More Love" as a "soft and rhythmic gem", and a "tasty treat". He remarked that Stansfield is, "as usual", in "mighty fine voice, giving this romantic plea an affecting, dramatic edge without resorting to clichéd acrobatics." Rufer & Fell from the Gavin Report commented, "The lady is making some pretty mature sounding records these days. Count this one among the classiest around." In his album review, Robbert Tilli from Music & Media felt the song comes closest to Marvin Gaye's "Sexual Healing", "when it comes to sensuality". Parry Gettelman from Orlando Sentinel remarked that Stansfield's voice "is sultry yet subtle".

Track listings
 US 7" single/cassette
"A Little More Love" (Album Edit) – 4:10
"Set Your Loving Free" (Edit) – 4:09

 US 12" single
"A Little More Love" (Album Edit) – 4:10
"A Little More Love" (Album Version) – 4:34
"Set Your Loving Free" (Kenlou 12") – 7:26
"Set Your Loving Free" (Dubmaster Edit) – 4:41

Charts

References

Lisa Stansfield songs
1992 singles
Songs written by Lisa Stansfield
1991 songs
Arista Records singles
Songs written by Ian Devaney
Songs written by Andy Morris (musician)
Soul ballads
Smooth jazz songs
1990s ballads


Basse-Terre 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 6,922 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Basse-Terre, which joined the new canton of Basse-Terre in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Basse-Terre 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 4,612 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Basse-Terre, which joined the new canton of Basse-Terre in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe


The Canton of Bouillante is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 7,481 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Bouillante, which joined the canton of Sainte-Rose-1 in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Capesterre-Belle-Eau 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 6,704 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Capesterre-Belle-Eau, which joined the new canton of Capesterre-Belle-Eau in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


St Michael's Church is in the village of Wincle, Cheshire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Macclesfield.  Its benefice is combined with those of St Mary, Bosley, St Michael, North Rode, and St Saviour, Wildboarclough.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

History

The original church was built in 1647 on the site of a Neolithic burial mound.  A tower was added about 1815, and the rest of the church was rebuilt in 1882 by Edward Witts.

Architecture

The church is built in buff coursed rubble gritstone with a roof of banded grey tiles.  The tower is at the west end and the body of the church has five bays.  There are no aisles.  The tower is in three stages, with a plain west window and bell openings with louvres of Kerridge stone.  The top of the tower is battlemented.  Over the priest's door is a lintel from the older church which is dated 1647.  In the church is a font dated 1861.  The interior of the church is "unadorned".

External features

In the southwest corner of the churchyard is the war grave of a South Wales Borderers soldier of World War I.

See also

Listed buildings in Wincle

References

Churches completed in 1882
Church of England church buildings in Cheshire
Grade II listed churches in Cheshire
Gothic Revival church buildings in England
Gothic Revival architecture in Cheshire
Diocese of Chester
1647 establishments in England


Capesterre-Belle-Eau 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 12,703 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Capesterre-Belle-Eau, which joined the new canton of Capesterre-Belle-Eau in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Canton of Gourbeyre is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 7,820 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Gourbeyre, which joined the canton of Trois-Rivières in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Roberto Karin Kettlun Pesce (born 25 July 1981) is a former footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in Chile, he represented Palestine at international level.

Career
Kettlun has played club football in Chile, Greece and Italy for Universidad Católica, Palestino, Skoda Xanthi, Unión Española, Brindisi, Santegidiese, Teramo, Olympia Agnonese and Virtus Casarano.

He also earned more than 20 caps for Palestine, scoring three goals in FIFA World Cup qualifying.

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Santiago
Chilean men's footballers
Chilean people of Palestinian descent
Chilean expatriate men's footballers
Citizens of the State of Palestine through descent
Palestinian men's footballers
Palestinian people of Chilean descent
Palestinian expatriate men's footballers
Palestine men's international footballers
Club Deportivo Universidad Católica footballers
Club Deportivo Palestino footballers
Xanthi F.C. players
Unión Española footballers
Brindisi FC players
Santegidiese Calcio SSD players
SSD Città di Teramo players
Polisportiva Olympia Agnonese players
Hilal Al-Quds Club players
Ahli Al-Khaleel players
Chilean Primera División players
Super League Greece players
Serie D players
Eccellenza players
West Bank Premier League players
Chilean expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Chilean expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Men's association football midfielders
International sportspeople born abroad


The Canton of Goyave is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 11,234 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of two communes, which joined the canton of Petit-Bourg in 2015.

Municipalities
The canton included two communes:
Goyave
Petit-Bourg (partly)

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Canton of Lamentin is a canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. Its population was 16,573 in 2017.

Municipalities
The canton includes 1 commune:
 Lamentin

See also
 Cantons of Guadeloupe
 Communes of Guadeloupe
 Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Cantons of Guadeloupe


The Canton of Petit-Bourg is a canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
 Goyave
 Petit-Bourg (partly)

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Cantons of Guadeloupe


The Canton of Pointe-Noire is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 6,785 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Pointe-Noire, which joined the canton of Sainte-Rose-1 in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Canton of Saint-Claude is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It had 10,439 inhabitants (2012). It comprised the commune of Saint-Claude, which joined the new canton of Basse-Terre in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Canton of Sainte-Rose-1 is a canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
 Bouillante (partly)
 Deshaies
 Pointe-Noire
 Sainte-Rose (partly)

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Sainte-Rose-1


Tasbapauni is a seacoast hamlet in Nicaragua,  north of Bluefields. The main ethnic groups are Creole and Miskito.

Ida, a hurricane from the 2009 Atlantic Hurricane Season, made landfall here.

Tasbapauni is a rich community in natural resources: lumber, lobster, turtle etc.

See also
Whisky Galore (novel)

References

Sources

Populated places in Nicaragua
South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
Road-inaccessible communities of North America


Canton of Sainte-Rose-2 is a canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
Sainte-Rose (partly)

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Sainte-Rose-2


The Canton of Les Saintes is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre in the department of Guadeloupe. It had 2,882 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 2 communes, which joined the canton of Trois-Rivières in 2015.

Municipalities
The canton included 2 communes:
Terre-de-Haut
Terre-de-Bas

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Saintes
Les Saintes representation into Guadeloupe administration
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The canton of Trois-Rivières is an administrative division in the department of Guadeloupe. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Trois-Rivières.

Composition

It consists of the following communes :
Gourbeyre
Terre-de-Bas
Terre-de-Haut
Trois-Rivières
Vieux-Fort

Councillors

Pictures of the canton

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Cantons of Guadeloupe


The Canton of Vieux-Habitants (French for Old Inhabitants) is a canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
Baillif
Bouillante (partly)
Vieux-Habitants

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Cantons of Guadeloupe


James Slattin Martin Jr. (June 21, 1920 – April 14, 2002) was project manager for the Viking program.

Biography
Martin was born in Washington, D.C., on June 21, 1920. He earned a bachelor's degree in aeronautical engineering from the University of Michigan in 1942. He later completed the Harvard Graduate School of Business Middle Management Program. From 1942 to 1964, he worked for Republic Aviation Corporation, assuming greater responsibility first as assistant chief technical engineer, then chief research engineers and, finally, as manager of space systems requirements.

Martin joined NASA’s Langley Research Center in September 1964 as assistant project manager for Lunar Orbiter. The five successful Lunar Orbiter missions provided significant new information about the Moon’s surface and a wealth of photographic detail that stood as the definitive source of lunar surface information for years. In recognition of his contribution to this project, Martin was awarded the NASA Exceptional Service Medal in 1967.

On June 23, 1967, Langley Director Floyd Thompson announced the appointment of James S. Martin, Jr., as manager of the capsule bus system, thereby forming a project management organization to control all Voyager-related activities at Langley.  This role migrated to project manager for NASA's Viking Program for landing and orbiting Mars (1975–1982).

As Viking 1 landed on Mars, Martin hung up on a call from President Ford, telling him that he was "busy right now" and to call back in three hours. The President called back three hours later at which time Martin, along with then-NASA Administrator Jim Fletcher, briefed him on the landing.

Martin left NASA in 1976 to become vice president of advanced programs and planning, for Martin Marietta Aerospace, Bethesda, MD. He retired in 1985, but in 2000, NASA called him out of retirement to help restructure the space agency's Mars program after the 1999 failures of the Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander missions.

He died April 14, 2002, after a long battle with cancer.

References

1920 births
2002 deaths
NASA people
University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni
Deaths from cancer in Maryland
Harvard University alumni


Canton of Les Abymes-1 is a canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
The canton includes part of the commune of Les Abymes.

Representation

Prior to 2015

After 2015

See also
 Cantons of Guadeloupe
 Communes of Guadeloupe
 Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Abymes-1


Canton of Les Abymes-2 is a canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
The canton includes part of the commune of Les Abymes.

See also
 Cantons of Guadeloupe
 Communes of Guadeloupe
 Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Abymes-2


Canton of Les Abymes-3 is a canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
 Les Abymes (partly)
 Le Gosier (partly)

See also
 Cantons of Guadeloupe
 Communes of Guadeloupe
 Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Abymes-3


Les Abymes 4th Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 14,692 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. The canton comprised part of the commune of Les Abymes.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Abymes-4
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Ball is an English surname that has multiple potential origins, as do many short surnames:
 one origin suggests that Ball is a shortened form, a "favorite contraction", of the given name Baldwin, dating "from Norman times"
 another purported origin is related to living near a "knoll or rounded hill"
 the surname may also descend from the Old Norse personal name "Balle"
 it could be a toponymic surname, related to Ball, Cornwall, England

According to Bowman, Ball and related names had only "limited application as personal names and that generally they have come into existence as nicknames."

List of people with the surname

Arts and music
see Writing and education below for writers
Alan Ball (screenwriter) (born 1957)
Angeline Ball (born 1969), actor
Ashleigh Ball (voice actress) (born 1983), Canadian voice actor and musician
Christopher Ball (1936–2022), British composer
David Ball (electronic musician) (born 1959), English electronic musician (usually known as Dave), member of Soft Cell, The Grid
David Ball (country singer) (born 1953), American country singer
Dave Ball (guitarist) (1950–2015), guitarist formerly of Procol Harum, Bedlam, Long John Baldry, etc.
 Dave "Taif" Ball, British bass guitarist with metal bands Killing Joke and Voodoocult
Ed Ball (musician) (born 1959), English singer-songwriter, musician and businessman
Estil C. Ball (1913—1978), American folk musician
F. Carlton Ball (1911–1992), American multidisciplinary artist and teacher
John Ball (musician) (born 1990), American Christian musician
Kenny Ball (1930–2013), English jazz musician
 Kirshnik Ball (1994-2022), American rapper known professionally as Takeoff (name is also written as "Kirsnick" as, for example, in ASCAP's repertory)
Lucille Ball (1911–1989), American comedian and actor
Marcia Ball (born 1949), American blues singer and pianist
Martin Ball (born 1964), English actor
Martin J. Ball (born 1951), Welsh professor
Matthew Ball (born 1993), English ballet dancer
Michael Ball (singer) (born 1962), English actor and singer
Roger Ball (designer), industrial designer
Nicholas Ball (actor) (born 1946), English actor
Robert Ball (artist) (1918–2008), British artist
Bobby Ball (1944–2020), English comedian
Thomas Ball (artist) (1819–1911), American sculptor
Walter Ball (cartoonist) (1911–1995)
Wilfrid Ball (1853–1917), British painter
William Ball (stage director), American stage director (1931–1991)
Zoë Ball (born 1970), English radio and television personality

Business
Jeremy J. Ball (born 1973), restaurateur, hotelier, entertainment complex management
Decimus Alfred Ball (1836—1890), British slumlord
Edmund Ball (1855–1925), American entrepreneur, one of the Ball Brothers
Edward Ball (businessman) (1888–1981), American businessman and political figure
Ernie Ball (1930–2004), American entrepreneur, musician, and guitar innovator
Frank Ball (1857–1943), American entrepreneur, one of the Ball Brothers
Harvey Ball (1921–2001), American entrepreneur; earliest known designer of the Smiley
Cody Ball (1981-2022), American entrepreneur, one of the Ball Brothers

Media
 Dave Ball, Survivor: Samoa competitor
Johnny Ball (born 1938), English children's television presenter
Krystal Ball (born 1981), American political pundit, co-host of Breaking Points Krystal & Saagar
Molly Ball, American political journalist and writer

Military
Albert Ball (1896–1917), English World War I fighter pilot; recipient of the Victoria Cross
Alexander Ball (–1809), English admiral of the Royal Navy and Governor of Malta
Henry Lidgbird Ball (1756–1818), British Royal Navy officer who discovered and explored Lord Howe Island
William L. Ball III (born 1948), United States Secretary of the Navy

Politics, law, and diplomacy
Bartholomew Ball (died 1573), Mayor of Dublin 1553-1554
Edward Ball (congressman) (1811–1872), American national politician
Frank Livingston Ball (1885–1966), American state politician
Gregory R. Ball (born 1977), American state politician
Hiram J. Ball (1832-1908), American state politician and farmer
John Ball (16th-century MP) (1518–1556), English Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich
John Ball (assemblyman) (1756–1838), American soldier and politician
John Thomas Ball (1815–1898), Irish barrister and politician, MP for Dublin University 1868–1875
Joseph H. Ball (1905–1993), American journalist and national politician
L. Heisler Ball (1861–1932), American physician and national politician
Mottrom D. Ball (1835–1887), American government official
Nicholas Ball (Alderman) (died 1609), Mayor of Dublin 1582–1583
Nicholas Ball (Irish lawyer) (died 1865), Irish barrister
Robert James Ball (1857–1928), Canadian politician
Thomas Henry Ball (1859–1944), American national politician
Thomas R. Ball (1896–1943), U.S. Representative from Connecticut
Walter Ball (Alderman) (died 1598), Mayor of Dublin 1580-1581
Whitney Lynn Ball (1962-2015), American philanthropist
William Lee Ball (1781-1824), Virginia congressman
William Macmahon Ball (1901–1986), Australian academic and diplomat

Religion
David Ball (bishop) (1926–2017), Episcopal bishop of Albany, NY
David Standish Ball (1926-2017), American Episcopal bishop
John Ball (bishop) (1934–2016), British Anglican bishop
John Ball (clergyman) (before 1760 – after 1795), African-American minister from Nova Scotia
John Ball (minister) (1665–1745), English Presbyterian minister
John Ball (priest) ( 1338 – 1381), English radical priest and leader of 1381 Peasants' Revolt
Margaret Ball (1515–1584), beatified by the Roman Catholic Church as martyr of the faith
Michael Ball (bishop) (born 1932), English Anglican clergyman; former Bishop of Truro
Peter Ball (bishop) (1932–2019), disgraced former Bishop of Lewes and twin brother of Michael Ball

Sciences and mathematics
Alice Ball (1892-1916), chemist; invented the Ball Method for treating leprosy
Benjamin Ball (physician) (1833–1893), English-born French psychiatrist
Catherine Ball, English-Australian businesswomen involved in making drones
Elmer Darwin Ball (1870–1943), American entomologist
Ernest Aubrey Ball (1909–1997), American botanist
George Ball (entomologist) (1926-2019), American entomologist
John M. Ball (born 1948), British mathematician
John Ball (cognitive scientist) (born 1963), American cognitive scientist
John Ball (geologist) (1872–1941), English geologist
John Ball (naturalist) (1818–1889), Irish naturalist and politician, MP for County Carlow 1857–1880
Keith Martin Ball (born 1960), English mathematician
Leo Anton Karl de Ball (1853–1916), German-Austrian astronomer
Loren C. Ball (born 1948), American astronomer
Mary Ball (1812–1892), Irish naturalist and entomologist
Peter William Ball (born 1932), English-born Canadian botanist
Robert Ball (naturalist) (1802–1857), Irish naturalist
Robert Stawell Ball (1840–1913), Irish astronomer
W. W. Rouse Ball (1850–1925), British mathematician
Webb C. Ball (1847–1922), American railroad engineer who established the first rules for railroad chronometers
William Ball (astronomer) (or Balle), British astronomer; founder Fellow of the Royal Society

Sports
Alan Ball Jr. (1945–2007), English professional footballer and football club manager
Alan Ball Sr. (1924–1982), English professional footballer and football club manager
Alan Ball (American football) (born 1985)
Alan Ball (weightlifter) (born 1943), American Olympic weightlifter
Alf Ball (footballer, born 1890) (1890–1952), English footballer
Alf Ball (footballer, born 1873) (1873–1940), English footballer
Allan Ball (1943–2018), English footballer with Queen of the South
Arnie Ball (born 1944), American volleyball coach; father of Lloy Ball (below)
Ashleigh Ball (field hockey) (born 1986), English field hockey player
Bobby Ball (racing driver) (1925–1954), American racing driver
Carsten Ball (born 1987), Australian tennis player
Catie Ball (born 1951), American Olympic swimmer
Chris Ball (born 1963), American football coach and former player
Dave Ball (defensive end) (born 1981), American football player
David Ball (footballer) (born 1989), English footballer
David Ball (wide receiver) (born 1984), American football player
David Ball (sport shooter), British sport shooter
Eric Ball (American football) (born 1966), American football player
Jeff Ball (baseball) (born 1969), baseball player
John Ball (golfer) (1861–1940), English amateur golfer; winner of The Open Championship
Jack Ball (footballer, born 1900) (1900–1989), English footballer for Bury and England
Jack Ball (footballer, born 1907) (1907–1976), English football forward
Jack Ball (footballer, born 1923) (1923–1999), English football goalkeeper
John Ball (footballer, born 1925) (1925–1998), English footballer for Bolton Wanderers
John Ball (soccer) (born 1972), American footballer for Rochester Rhinos
Josh Ball (born 1998), American football player
Kevin Ball (born 1964), soccer player
 A family of American sportspeople:
LaVar Ball (born 1968), football player, father of the following basketball players:
Lonzo Ball (born 1997)
LiAngelo Ball (born 1998)
LaMelo Ball (born 2001)
Lloy Ball (born 1972), American volleyball player
Luke Ball (born 1984), Australian rules footballer
Michael Ball (American football) (born 1964), American football player
Michael Ball (footballer) (born 1979), English professional footballer
Montee Ball (born 1990), American professional football player
Neal Ball (1881-1957), baseball player
Neiron Ball (1992-2019), American football player
Phil Ball (American football) (1925–2008), college football coach
Phil Ball (baseball) (1864–1932), owner of the St. Louis Terriers
Rachel Ball (born 1991), English boxer
Reggie Ball (born 1984), American professional football player
Robert Ball (bowls) (born 1956), Australian lawn bowler
Robert Ball (judoka) (born 1964), Australian judoka
Rudi Ball (1910–1975), German-South African; only athlete of Jewish descent to represent Germany in the 1936 Winter Olympic Games; Hall of Fame
Sam Ball (born 1944), NFL lineman
Walter Ball (baseball player) (1877–1946), Negro league baseball player
William Ball (footballer), English footballer (1886–1942)

Writing and education
 Catherine Ball, known as the Baroness de Calabrella (–1856), British writer and newspaper owner
Clifford Ball (1908-1947), author
David W. Ball (born 1949), American novelist
Donna Ball (born 1951), writer
Edward Ball (American author) (born 1959)
 Franklin R. Ball (born 1931), American author and adventurer
Hugo Ball (1886–1927), German author and poet
Isabel Worrell Ball (1855–1931), American journalist and editor
John Ball (Puritan) (1585–1640), English author and scholar
John Ball (pioneer) (1794–1884), American explorer
John Ball (novelist) (1911–1988), American novelist
Phil Ball (writer) (born 1957), British writer based in Spain
Philip Ball (born 1962), English science writer
Samuel Ball (educator) (1935–2009), Australian education researcher

Other
 Edward Hughes Ball (1798–1863), later Edward Hughes Ball Hughes or "The Golden Ball", British dandy
Helen Ball, senior British police officer
Martha Violet Ball (1811–1894), American educator, philanthropist, activist, writer, editor
Mary Ball Washington (1706–1789) mother of George Washington
Robert M. Ball (1914–2008), American Social Security official
Robert W. Ball (born 1943), Canadian naval architect
Ron Ball (born 1950), British Police and Crime Commissioner
William Ball (suffragist) (1862-?), British workers union member, jailed and force-fed for his support of women's suffrage

See also
Ball
Ball (disambiguation)
 Human name disambiguation pages: Alan Ball (disambiguation), David Ball (disambiguation), John Ball (disambiguation), Phil Ball (disambiguation), Robert Ball (disambiguation)

Notes

Further reading

English-language surnames


Kirpal Singh was a soldier of the British Indian Army who is best known for his role in passing on to the Punjab Criminal Investigation Department (CID) the intelligence on the date of the Ghadar Conspiracy in February 1915 during World War I.

The CID recruited the services of Kirpal Singh in early 1915 following the reports and intelligence it received on the proposed plans for instigating revolt in the British Indian Army in Punjab.Singh, who had a Ghadarite cousin serving in the 23rd Cavalry, was able to infiltrate the leadership, being assigned to work in his cousin's regiment. Singh was soon under suspicion of being a spy, but was able to pass on the information regarding the date and scale of the uprising to British Indian intelligence.

As the date for the mutiny approached, a desperate Rash Behari Bose brought forward the D-day to the evening of 19 February, which was discovered by Kirpal Singh on the very day. No attempts were made by the Ghadarites to restrain him, and he rushed to inform Liaqat Khan of the change of plans. Ordered back to his station to signal when the revolutionaries had assembled, Singh was detained by the would-be mutineers, but managed to make good his escape under the cover of answering the call of nature.

References

Notes

Bibliography
 .
.
.
.
.
.

British Indian Army soldiers
World War I spies for the United Kingdom
Hindu–German Conspiracy
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Indian spies
Ghadar Party
Indian Army personnel of World War I


Les Abymes 5th Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe, which had 8,905 inhabitants in 2012. It comprised part of the commune of Les Abymes and disbanded following the French canton reorganisation of March 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Abymes-5
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The battle of Serres () took place in June 1205 in the town of Serres (Syar) in contemporary Greece between the Bulgarian Empire and the Latin Empire. It resulted in a Bulgarian victory.

Origins of the conflict
After the stunning victory in the battle of Adrianople (1205) the Bulgarians gained control of most of Thrace except several larger cities which Emperor Kaloyan wanted to capture. In June 1205 he moved the theatre of the military actions to the south-west towards the domains of Boniface Montferrat, the King of Thessalonica and vassal of the Latin Empire.

The battle
The first town on the way of the Bulgarian army was Serres. The Crusaders tried to fight back in the vicinity of the town, but after the dead of the commander Hugues de Coligny were defeated and had to pull back to the town but during their retreat the Bulgarian troops also entered Serres. The remaining Latins under the command of Guillaume d'Arles were besieged in the citadel. In the negotiations which followed Kaloyan agreed to give them safe conduct to the Bulgarian-Hungarian border. However, when the garrison surrendered, the knights were killed while the ordinary people were spared.

Aftermath

The successful campaign in 1205 ended with the capture of Philippopolis. The Byzantine nobility of the city, led by Alexios Aspietes, resisted. After Kaloyan seized the city its ramparts were destroyed and Aspietes was hanged. In the following year the war against the Latin Empire and the local Byzantine nobility continued and the Crusader army was defeated once again in the battle of Rusion.

References

Йордан Андреев, Милчо Лалков, Българските ханове и царе, Велико Търново, 1996.

1205 in Europe
Battles involving the Second Bulgarian Empire
Battles involving the Latin Empire
Battles in medieval Macedonia
Serres 1205
Bulgarian–Latin Wars
Medieval Macedonia
History of Serres
13th century in Bulgaria
Conflicts in 1205


The Canton of Anse-Bertrand is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 10,691 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 2 communes, which joined the canton of Petit-Canal in 2015.

Municipalities
The canton comprised 2 communes:
Anse-Bertrand
Port-Louis

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Kingston station (formerly Kingston/Route 3) is an MBTA Commuter Rail serving the Plymouth/Kingston Line, located off of Massachusetts Route 3 south of downtown Kingston, Massachusetts. It opened in 1997 during the restoration of Old Colony Lines service. Like all stations on the Old Colony Lines, Kingston station is fully accessible.

The station consists of a single side platform serving the single track. Marion Drive, the access road for the station parking lot, crosses the line at grade just east of the platform. The Kingston layover yard is located just west of the station.

History

The Old Colony Railroad's Kingston station was located in downtown Kingston off Summer Street (Route 3A). The original station was replaced in 1889. It was the southern terminus of the South Shore Line until 1938. Boston–Plymouth service ended in 1959, though the station is still extant and used as a restaurant.

The station was built to provide a park and ride station for Route 3 so that traffic to the station would not go through downtown Kingston. A completely new right of way – the first new section of mainline rail in the state since the Needham cutoff in 1906 – was constructed along Route 3 and through unused land. The spur passes under the Route 3/3A interchange in a lengthy tunnel. A layover yard for Plymouth/Kingston Line service is located just past the station. Peak service began on September 29, 1997, with off-peak and weekend service beginning on November 29.

In October 2011, the MBTA began construction of a $2.5 million wind turbine to supply energy to the station and layover facility. The -tall turbine, which was completed in January 2012, only produces about 60% of the energy it was expected to. The MBTA called the station "Kingston/Route 3" in some materials until around 2016.

The fork at the end of the line created operational issues – a single train cannot serve both terminal stations efficiently. Three daily trips formerly ran to both Kingston and Plymouth sequentially, which doubled travel time from Kingston to Boston during much of the day. Between Kingston and Plymouth, the train simultaneously acted as an inbound train (from the first station to Boston) and an outbound train (from Boston to the second station). Keolis and the MBTA planned to address the unusual routing during schedule changes in late 2015, but did not do so. Plymouth station was indefinitely closed on April 5, 2021, as part of service cuts, with all trains terminating at Kingston.

References

External links

 MBTA – Kingston

MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Plymouth County, Massachusetts
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1997
1997 establishments in Massachusetts
Kingston, Massachusetts


The Canton of Capesterre-de-Marie-Galante is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre in the department of Guadeloupe. It had 3,330 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Capesterre-de-Marie-Galante, which joined the new canton of Marie-Galante in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Canton of La Désirade is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre in the department of Guadeloupe. It had 1,532 inhabitants (2012). It is located on La Désirade Island. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of La Désirade, which joined the canton of Saint-François in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Desirade
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


SS St. Sunniva was one of the first purpose-built cruise ships. Converted into a ferry in 1908, she operated as the Lerwick mail steamer until 10 April 1930, when she ran aground off Shetland and was a complete loss.

History
SS St. Sunniva was ordered by the North of Scotland, Orkney & Shetland Steam Navigation Company (more commonly referred to as "The North Company") after the success of their earlier cruise vessel, the St. Rognvald. She was ordered from Hall, Russell & Company of Aberdeen for delivery in time for the 1887 season.

Description
The ship was designed to resemble a classic steam yacht in form and carried a small steam launch for landing passengers when necessary.

Accommodation
The accommodation comprised 16 x two berth cabins on either side of the main deck, with a further two berth cabin and a twelve berth ladies' cabin on the centreline. A bathroom and three toilets was sited on either side of the main deck with an additional bathroom and two toilets provided for the ladies' cabin. The ladies' cabin was fitted with two washbasins and all the other main deck cabins were fitted with their own washbasin. 8 x four berth cabins were sited aft on the lower deck, each with a washbasin, and forward of the machinery space were 2 x four berth and 4 x six berth cabins with a common bathroom and two washbasins. No toilets were provided on the lower deck.

The main saloon could hold 132 people per sitting, with a piano provided for the use of the passengers, while a deckhouse aft of the mainmast held a ladies' lounge and a separate men's smoking room.

Career
The St. Sunniva was a great commercial success as a cruise ship. However, in 1907–1908, the North Company reduced the number of the ship's cruises, and entirely withdrew from the market at the end of August 1908. It was subsequently decided to convert the ship into a ferry and to that end the lower deck accommodation was removed and cargo holds created. The main deck accommodation was also completely remodelled and the superstructure was extended.

Following this remodelling, the St. Sunniva entered service as a mail steamer on the Lerwick route, operating a weekly service from Leith and Aberdeen. She remained on this demanding service until 10 April 1930 when, while sailing north in fog, she ran aground on the uninhabited island of Mousa, Shetland. All passengers and crew were rescued but the ship was a complete loss.

References

External links
 General arrangement plan of the cargo and passenger vessel St Sunniva

Cruise ships
Shipwrecks of Scotland
Maritime incidents in 1930
1887 ships
Ships built in Aberdeen
Ships built by Hall, Russell & Company


Laalach is 1983 Indian Hindi film directed by Shankar Nag starring Vinod Mehra, Bindiya Goswami, Ranjeet, Pran, Kajal Kiran and Anant Nag in lead roles. The film is a remake of director's own 1980 Kannada movie Minchina Ota.

Cast
 Vinod Mehra as Kishore
 Bindiya Goswami as Sarita
 Ranjeet as Shaikh Nabi Mohammed "Nabbu"
 Pran as David
 Anant Nag as DSP Saxena
 Kajal Kiran as Mrs. Sunita Saxena

Soundtrack
The film's soundtrack was composed by Bappi Lahiri and lyrics was penned by Anjaan.

References

External links

1983 films
1980s Hindi-language films
Films scored by Bappi Lahiri
Hindi remakes of Kannada films
Films directed by Shankar Nag


Le Gosier 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 8,011 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. The canton comprised part of the commune of Le Gosier.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Gosier
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Tranquilo Cappozzo Zironda (25 January 1918 – 14 May 2003) was a rower who represented Argentina in the 1948 and 1952 editions of the Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal in the latter.

Biography
Capozzo was born in the United States to an Italian mother. He moved first to Italy and then to Argentina. In 1948 he was eliminated in the semi-finals of the single sculls event. Four years later he won the gold medal in double sculls competition with Eduardo Guerrero. That was for 52 years the last gold medal at Olympics for Argentina until the victories of Soccer and Basketball men teams at the 2004 Summer Olympics. He died in Valle Hermoso, Córdoba Province, Argentina.

References

External links

1918 births
2003 deaths
Argentine male rowers
Olympic rowers for Argentina
Rowers at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Argentina
Olympic medalists in rowing
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
American people of Italian descent
American emigrants to Italy
American emigrants to Argentina
Italian emigrants to Argentina
Naturalized citizens of Argentina
Argentine sportspeople of Italian descent


Le Gosier 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 18,602 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. The canton comprised part of the commune of Le Gosier.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Gosier-2
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Canton of Grand-Bourg is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre in the department of Guadeloupe. It covers an area of 55.54 km² and in 2012 it had a population of 5,423. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Grand-Bourg, which joined the new canton of Marie-Galante in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Morne-à-l'Eau 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 9,870 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Morne-à-l'Eau, which joined the new canton of Morne-à-l'Eau in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Morne-à-l'Eau 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 7,089 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Morne-à-l'Eau, which joined the new canton of Morne-à-l'Eau in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Le Moule 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 14,326 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Le Moule, which joined the new canton of Le Moule in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Moule-1
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Le Moule 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 8,363 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Le Moule, which joined the new canton of Le Moule in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Moule-2
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Canton of Petit-Canal is a canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
Anse-Bertrand
Petit-Canal
Port-Louis

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Cantons of Guadeloupe


Pointe-à-Pitre 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 4,414 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Pointe-à-Pitre, which joined the new canton of Pointe-à-Pitre in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language native to the region of Punjab of Pakistan and India and spoken by the Punjabi people. This page discusses the grammar of Modern Standard Punjabi as defined by the relevant sources below (see #Further reading).

Word order
Punjabi has a canonical word order of subject–object–verb. It has postpositions rather than prepositions.

Transliteration
In matters of script, Punjabi uses Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi.  On this grammar page Punjabi is written in "standard orientalist" transcription as outlined in . Being "primarily a system of transliteration from the Indian scripts, [and] based in turn upon Sanskrit" (cf. IAST), these are its salient features: subscript dots for retroflex consonants; macrons for etymologically, contrastively long vowels; h denoting aspirated plosives. Tildes denote nasalized vowels, while grave and acute accents denote low and high tones respectively.

Vowels and consonants are outlined in the tables below. The vowels table shows the character used in the article (ex. ī) followed by its IPA value in forward slashes (ex. /iː/). See Punjabi phonology for further clarification.

Morphology

Nouns
Punjabi distinguishes two genders, two  numbers typically with an additional dual  form for a small set of nouns, and six cases of direct, oblique, vocative, ablative, locative, and instrumental. The latter three cases are essentially now vestigial: the ablative occurs only in the singular, in free variation with oblique case plus ablative postposition, and the locative and instrumental are confined to a small set of common nouns. Numeral adjectives do also have locative plural forms, and toponymic proper nouns often have a locative singular form. Nouns may be further divided into extended and unextended declensional subtypes, with the former characteristically consisting of masculines ending in unaccented -ā and feminines in -ī.

The below tables displays the suffix paradigms, as outlined in . Regarding the masculine, "the [extended] case-morphemes, very similar to those of the unextended declension, are added to the obl. base -e-, which is shortened to -i- (phonetically ) before back vowels and is lost before front vowels." The division between feminine unextendeds and extendeds ending in -ī looks to be now merely an etymological consideration, as there is neither a distinct oblique base nor any morphophonemic considerations.

The next table of noun declensions shows the above suffix paradigms in action. Words, from :  ghṑṛā "stallion", sakhī "girlfriend", ghàr "house", gall "thing, matter (being talked about)".

Adjectives
Adjectives may be divided into declinable and indeclinable categories. Declinable adjectives have endings that change by the gender, number, case of the noun that they qualify. Declinable adjective have endings that are similar but much simpler than nouns' endings:

Indeclinable adjectives are invariable and can end in either consonants or vowels (including ā and ī ). The direct masculine singular (-ā) is the citation form. Most adjectives ending in consonants are indeclinable.

All adjectives can be used attributively, predicatively, or substantively. Those used substantively are declined as nouns rather than adjectives. Finally, additional inflections are often marked in colloquial speech: feminine singular vocative nī sóṇīē kuṛīē! "hey pretty girl!".

Postpositions

The aforementioned inflectional case system goes only so far on its own but rather serves as that upon which is built a system of particles known as postpositions, which parallel English's prepositions. It is their use with a noun or verb that requires the noun or verb to take the oblique case, and they are the locus of grammatical function or "case-marking" then lies:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
! Gurmukhi
! Shahmukhi
! Notes
|-
| dā
| ਦਾ
|
| genitive marker; declines like an adjective. Example: "X dā/dī/etc. Y" means "X's Y", with dā/dī/etc. agreeing with Y.
|-
| nū̃
| ਨੂੰ
|
| marks the indirect object (dative marker), or, if definite, the direct object (accusative marker).
|-
| nē
| ਨੇ
|
| ergative case marker; applicable to subjects of transitive perfective verbs.
|-
| tō̃
| ਤੋਂ
|
| ablative marker, "from"
|-
| vicc
| ਵਿੱਚ
|
| inessive marker, "in." Often contracted to c
|-
| nāḷ| ਨਾਲ਼
|
| comitative marker, "with"
|-
| uttē
| ਉੱਤੇ
|
| superessive marker, "on" or "at." Often contracted to '''tē
|-
| vall
| ਵੱਲ
|
| orientative marker; "towards"
|-
| kōḷ
| ਕੋਲ਼
|
| possessive marker; "with" (as in possession) ex. kuṛī (dē) kōḷ, "in the girl's possession."
|-
| vikhē
| ਵਿਖੇ
|
|  locative marker, "at (a specific location)", e.g. Hōshiārpur vikhē, "at Hoshiarpur" (a city). Often colloquially replaced with tē.
|-
| takk| ਤੱਕ
|
|  terminative marker, "until, up to"
|-
| bārē| ਬਾਰੇ
|
|  "about"
|-
| laī| ਲਈ
|
| benefactive marker; "for"
|-
| vargā| ਵਰਗਾ
|
| comparative marker; "like"
|-
| duāḷē| ਦੁਆਲ਼ੇ
|
| "around, surrounding" ex. manjē (de) duāḷē, "around the bed."
|-
| binnā̃| ਬਿੰਨਾਂ
|
| abessive marker; "without"
|-
| nēṛē| ਨੇੜੇ
|
| "near"
|-
| lāgē| ਲਾਗੇ
|
| apudessive marker; "adjacent/next to"
|-
| vickār, gabbē| ਵਿਚਕਾਰ, ਗੱਬੇ
|
| intrative marker, "between, middle of"
|-
| mājh (mā́j)| ਮਾਝ
|
| "in the midst of"
|-
| andar| ਅੰਦਰ
|
| "inside"
|-
| bāhar (bā́ir)| ਬਾਹਰ
|
| "outside"
|-
|}

Other postpositions are adverbs, following their obliqued targets either directly or with the inflected genitive linker dē; e.g. kàr (dē) vicc "in the house", kṑṛe (dē) nāḷ "with the stallion". Many such adverbs (the ones locative in nature) also possess corresponding ablative forms by forming a contraction with the ablative postposition tȭ; for example:vicc "in" → viccȭ "from in, among", for instance, jantē (dē) viccȭ or jantē 'cȭ, "from among the people" andnāḷ "with"→ nāḷȭ "compared to", for instance, kṑṛē (dē) nāḷȭ, "compared to the stallion."

Pronouns

Personal
Punjabi has personal pronouns for the first and second persons, while for the third person demonstratives are used, which can be categorized deictically as near and remote. Pronouns do not distinguish gender.

The language has a T-V distinction in tū̃ and tusī̃. This latter "polite" form is also grammatically plural.

The dative & ablative personal pronouns are analyzed as the oblique forms merging with suffixes, e.g. tusā̃ + nū̃ > tuhānū̃.

Unlike other pronouns, genitive pronouns essentially function in a manner similar to regular adjectives, declining in agreement with their direct objects. Moreover, koṇ and jō are colloquially replaced by kḗṛā "which?" jḗṛā "which". Indefinites include kōī (obl. kisē) "some(one)" and kújj "some(thing)". The reflexive pronoun is āp, with a genitive of āpṇā. The pronominal obl. -nā̃ also occurs in ik, iknā̃ "some", hōr, hōrnā̃ "others", sáb, sábnā̃ "all".

Derivates
Based on table in . Indefinites are extended forms of the interrogative set; e.g. kitē "somewhere", kadē "sometimes". The multiple versions under "Manner" are dialectal variations.

The second row in Manner are often still spelt in their archaic forms (kiññ, jiññ, eññ, and oññ) in Gurmukhi.

The demonstrative prefixes e and o vary from [ɪ~e~ɛ] and [ʊ~o~ɔ] respectively (resulting in varied spellings) depending on dialect.

Pronominal suffixes
Some varieties of the Majhi dialect of Punjabi (documented thus far in Lahore, and the Gujrat district) have pronominal suffixes that are appended to verbs, and which replace dropped pronominal arguments.

Verbs
Overview

The Punjabi verbal system is can be described largely in terms of aspect and mood. Most Punjabi verbs do not inflect for tense—the only verb which does is the copular verb  / . Some linguists have described aspectual forms of Punjabi verbs as being inflections for tense; however, this assessment is flawed as these verb forms can be used the same way in sentences which refer to any time with respect to the situation of the speaker or writer.

The copular verb has two tense forms which can be described as "remote" and "non-remote," as they indicate a metaphorical distance or closeness to the situation. "Past" and "present" can be understood as default assumptions for the times which the remote and non-remote tenses refer to respectively, however, these temporal references are not required of these tenses. Rather, time can largely be understood to exist extralinguistically in Punjabi. The remote forms of the copula,  / , do not resemble the non-remote forms  /  phonetically. The copula does not behave like a full lexical verb in Punjabi and does not form part of serial verb constructions; rather than taking on the meaning of the existential verb 'to be' or 'to become'  / , it means 'being' without any aspectual component. The copula is also not obligatory in a Punjabi clause. A full lexical verb in Punjabi on the other hand, does exhibit grammatical aspect. Due the close meaning of  /  and the copula, they are sometimes described as forms of the same lexeme; however, because they are directly derived from two distinct Sanskrit words and do not function alike grammatically, they are better described as two different but complementary words.

Finite verbal agreement is with the nominative subject, except in the transitive perfective, where it can be with the direct object, with the erstwhile subject taking the ergative construction -ne (see postpositions above). The perfective aspect thus displays split ergativity.

Tabled below on the left are the paradigms for the major Gender and Number termination (GN), along the line of that introduced in the adjectives section. To the right are the paradigms for the Person and Number termination (PN), used by the subjunctive (which has 1st pl. -īe) and future (which has 1st pl. -ā̃).

Copula
The Punjabi copula functions as a class of its own and does not share the properties of full lexical verbs in the language, nor does it take on the role of an auxiliary verb. Unlike these other word classes, the copula does not form a part of verb phrases, and where it is present alongside a full verb construction it generally makes a semantic distinction related to the notion of existence, rather than predicating for the act of being. For this reason, it can be said that the Punjabi copula is not wholly verbal in function.

Two infrequent inflected forms of the present-tense copula he are haō (plural second person), distinguishing the standard hō for T-V distinction usage, and heṇ (plural third person). In addition, two past tense copulas, hesī and hesaṇ are used respectively with singular and plural forms of third persons. These forms, like the uninflected forms he and sī, can be used with both the genders.
In the spoken language, the past tense copula sī can remain completely uninflected, and remain applicable for all three persons and both numbers. Some less frequently used forms of sī are saō, sāō, and sau, used as 2nd-person plural copulas, distinguishing the standard sō for T-V distinction usage.

Some non-standard major dialects decline the past-tense and present-tense copulas more along number and gender than for number and person:

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Gender !! colspan="4"| Masculine !! colspan="3"| Feminine
|-
! Number !! colspan="2"| Singular !!  colspan="2"| Plural !! colspan="2"| Singular !! Plural
|-

|-
! Present-tense copula
| colspan="2"||| colspan="2"|
| colspan="2"| ||
|-
! Past-tense copula
| colspan="2"||| colspan="2"|
| colspan="2"| ||
|}

Conjugations

Forms
The sample verb is intransitive naccṇā "to dance", and the sample inflection is 3rd. masc. sing. (PN = e, GN = ā) where applicable.

Notes

References

 Bhatia, Tej K. (1993). Punjabi: A Cognitive-Descriptive Grammar''. London: Routledge.

Works cited
.
.

Further reading

Indo-Aryan grammars
Punjabi language


David Wayne Terrell (born July 8, 1975) is a former American football safety in the National Football League (NFL).  He was drafted by the Washington Redskins in the seventh round of the 1998 NFL Draft with the 191st overall pick. He played college football at Texas-El Paso.

Terrell also played for the Oakland Raiders.

References

1975 births
Living people
People from Floydada, Texas
American football safeties
UTEP Miners football players
Washington Redskins players
Oakland Raiders players


Plymouth station is a closed MBTA Commuter Rail station in Plymouth, Massachusetts. It served the Plymouth/Kingston Line and was located in the Cordage Park complex of North Plymouth. Plymouth was one terminus of the MBTA's Kingston/Plymouth Line, along with Kingston/Route 3 station in nearby Kingston, Massachusetts. Plymouth station provided non-peak service to Boston's South Station, as well as some peak service, which ran in addition to peak trips to Kingston. Most trains on the line served only Kingston station; service to and ridership from Plymouth were thus very limited. Due to this limited ridership and service, as well as due to the fact that trains had to reverse in and out of the station in order to serve it, Plymouth station was indefinitely closed in April 2021.

History

A previous station was located at Boundary Lane on the Plymouth/Kingston border, just north of the current site. Built as North Plymouth in 1873, it was renamed to Seaside around 1880 and Cordage in January 1925. A new freight house was built in 1881. The station closed with the rest of the Old Colony Division passenger rail service in southeastern Massachusetts on June 30, 1959.

Because Plymouth did not want trains running through upscale residential areas near the downtown area, Plymouth station is located in Cordage Park, a commercial and light industrial park in North Plymouth. The rest of the Plymouth/Kingston Line and the Middleborough/Lakeville Line opened for rush hour service on September 29, 1997. Plymouth, with no rush hour trains, did not open until midday and weekend service began on November 29, 1997. The station was closed from November 3 to December 23, 2010, during tie replacement on the line.

Due to a FY 2013 budget shortfall and claims of low ridership by the MBTA, weekend service to the South Shore
(and two other lines) was discontinued in July 2012.  MassDOT and the MBTA subsequently received substantial feedback from rail commuters and legislative representatives to reinstate weekend service to those lines.  In 2014, funding was reallocated to the FY 2015 state budget (for a trial period) and weekend service resumed on the (formerly) suspended lines on December 27, 2014.  Prior to the return of weekend service on the Kingston/Plymouth Line, the MBTA held special weekend service to Plymouth for 2 weekends leading up to the 2014 Thanksgiving holiday. The two trains per day were intended only for tourists going to Plymouth; they did not run on schedules allowing day trips to Boston.

The fork at the end of the line creates operational issues - a single train cannot serve both terminal stations efficiently. Three daily trips ran to both Kingston and Plymouth sequentially, which doubles travel time from Kingston to Boston during much of the day (Kingston is first on all weekday and one weekend trip). Between Kingston and Plymouth, the train is simultaneously acting as an inbound train (from the first station to Boston) and an outbound train (from Boston to the second station). Keolis and the MBTA planned to address the unusual routing during schedule changes in late 2015, but did not do so.

The station was indefinitely closed in April 2021 along with four other low-ridership stations. In June 2021, the MBTA indicated that the station would reopen on July 5, 2022 (the start of a new fiscal year). However, due to budget cuts, this service restoration did not occur as planned, with no certain date for resumption of service announced by that time.

References

External links

MBTA - Plymouth

Buildings and structures in Plymouth, Massachusetts
MBTA Commuter Rail stations in Plymouth County, Massachusetts
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1997


Pointe-à-Pitre 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 4,075 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Pointe-à-Pitre, which joined the new canton of Pointe-à-Pitre in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Brigadier General U.S. Army (ret) Michael C. Flowers, is a former commander of the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command (JPAC).  The mission of JPAC is to achieve the fullest possible accounting of all Americans missing as a result of the nation's past conflicts. Michael C. Flowers is currently the Chief Operating Officer of DigiFlight, Inc. He has been with the company in several roles since 2008. He has been instrumental in the growth of DigiFlight’s Aerospace and Aviation business units and the overall continued growth for the company.

Mike was born at Ramey AFB in Aguadilla Puerto Rico. Flowers graduated from the University of Kansas in 1977 with a Bachelor of General Studies. In 1997, he earned a master's degree in public administration from Shippensburg University. He is also a graduate of the U.S. Army War College. Flowers has held a variety of command and staff positions throughout his 30+ years of service. He has also deployed to multiple military operations including Operation URGENT FURY (Grenada); Operations DESERT SHIELD and STORM Saudi Arabia and Iraq; and Operations RESTORE and UPHOLD DEMOCRACY (Haiti) and JOINT GUARDIAN (Kosovo).

Flowers' prior assignment was as the chief of staff, NATO Kosovo Force (KFOR), Pristina, Kosovo, from July 2004 until June 2005.  In July 1997, he assumed command of the 18th Aviation Brigade (Corps) (Airborne), XVIII Airborne Corps, Fort Bragg, North Carolina. He also served as the XVIII Airborne Corps aviation officer.  In July 1999, he relinquished command and served as the chief, Joint Exercises and Training, then later, Chief, Operations plans division, J-3, United States European Command, Stuttgart, Germany. Flowers then assumed the responsibilities of director, Center of Army Leadership, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, from August 2001 until June 2003. From that assignment, he became the director, human resources policy directorate, office of the deputy chief of staff, G-1, United States Army, Washington D.C.

Flowers' personal decorations include the Defense Superior Service Medal (three awards), the Legion of Merit (three awards), the Bronze Star Medal, the Defense Meritorious Service Medal, the Meritorious Service Medal (four awards) and the Air Medal. He also possesses the Senior Army Aviator Badge, the Master Parachutist Badge, French, German & British Parachutist Badge, and is Ranger qualified. He is rated in the UH60 Blackhawk, UH1 Huey, AH1 Cobra, OH58A/C Kiowa and OH58D Kiowa Warrior.

He has a wealth of experience in foreign negotiations and operations.  He has been a member of the Multi-National Force and Observers in Sinai, Egypt.  Below are two examples of his foreign negotiations.

On September 1, 2006, members of the Lao and U.S. delegations, led by Brigadier General Michael Flowers, including Ambassador Patricia Haslach and Mr. Southam Sakonhninhom conducted Consultative Talks in Vientiane, Laos.  These consultative talks, first held in 1989, form the basis of conducting JPAC search and recovery operations in the Lao PDR.

March 2006, U.S. and Vietnamese officials met in Hanoi, Vietnam recently for the second round of Technical Talks this year. The talks were led by Brig. Gen. Michael Flowers, Commander of the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command.  The U.S. Ambassador to Vietnam, the Honorable Michael Marine, also participated in the talks along with DoD officials from Washington D.C. Vietnamese officials included the newly appointed director of the Vietnam Office for Seeking Missing Persons, Nguyen Ba Hung, along with officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of National Defense.

BG Flowers routinely hosted technical and consultative talks with senior officials worldwide to address topics specific to JPAC operations in those countries. JPAC negotiations ensure positive in-country conditions are maintained or established for investigative and recovery operations.

References
JPAC
 US Embassy Vientiane
 VFW
 General officers
 Veterans
 Mindspring
 Mindspring
 JPAC
 JPC
 DTIC
 Indiana ROTC
 Star Bulletin archives

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
University of Kansas alumni
American Senior Army Aviators
Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania alumni
United States Army generals
Recipients of the Legion of Merit


Pointe-à-Pitre 3rd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 7,109 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised part of the commune of Pointe-à-Pitre, which joined the new canton of Pointe-à-Pitre in 2015.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Andaman cuckooshrike (Coracina dobsoni) is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to the Andaman Islands. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the bar-bellied cuckooshrike.

References

Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.

Andaman cuckooshrike
Birds of the Andaman Islands
Andaman cuckooshrike
Andaman cuckooshrike


Sainte-Anne 1st Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 12,041 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015.

Municipalities
The canton included part of the commune of Sainte-Anne.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


American Water is an American public utility company that, through its subsidiaries, provides water and wastewater services in the United States. It offers water and wastewater services to approximately 1,700 communities in 14 states serving a population of approximately 14 million through 3.4 million customer connections. The company's customers include residential, commercial, fire service and private fire, industrial, government facilities, and other water and wastewater utilities.

American Water shares are traded on the NYSE under the ticker AWK.

History

The utility was founded in 1886 as the American Water Works & Guarantee Company. In 1914, American Water Works and Guarantee Company became American Water Works and Electric Company. In 1947 it was reorganized as American Water Works Company, Inc.

Most of American Water's services are locally managed utility subsidiaries that are regulated by the U.S. state in which each operates. American Water also owns subsidiaries that manage municipal drinking water and wastewater systems under contract and others that supply businesses and residential communities with water management products and services.

With headquarters in Camden, New Jersey, American Water has about 6,400 professionals who provide drinking water, wastewater and related services to over 14 million people in 24 U.S. states.

In 2003, American Water established the American Water Military Services Group, which enters into long-term contracts with the United States Military to treat and supply water and to collect and treat wastewater on 18 United States military installations.

In October 2021, American Water sold its homeowner services group to Apax Partners for $1.27 billion.

Utilities
The company owns 80 surface water treatment plants, 480 groundwater treatment plants, 160 wastewater treatment plants, 52,500 miles of pipes, 1,100 groundwater wells, 1,700 pumping stations, 1,300 water storage facilities, and 76 dams. Throughout its networks, the company serves 14 million people with drinking water, wastewater, and related services. Services provided by American Water's utilities are subject to regulation by multiple state utility commissions or other entities engaged in utility regulation. Federal, state and local governments also regulate environmental, health and safety, and water quality and water accountability matters.

See also
Public services

References
Notes

General sources
American Water’s Walter Lynch Joins Other Industry Leaders to Discuss Cybersecurity with President Biden (Businesswire, 25 August 2021)
On the Waterfront: American Water opens Camden headquarters (The Courier-Post, 4 December 2018)

Further reading

External links
American Water.com: About us
Fox Business Network

Companies in the Dow Jones Utility Average
Water companies of the United States
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
American companies established in 1886
Companies based in Camden, New Jersey


Sainte-Anne 2nd Canton is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 12,671 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. The canton comprised part of the commune of Sainte-Anne.

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Eduardo Guerrero (4 March 1928 – 17 August 2015) was an Argentine rower and Olympic champion who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Salto, Buenos Aires Province.

Guerrero participated in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki where he won gold medal in double sculls competition together with Tranquilo Cappozzo. That was for 52 years the last gold medal at Olympics for Argentina until the victories of Soccer and Basketball men teams in 2004 games.

Guerrero died on 17 August 2015 at the age of 87.

References

External links

1928 births
2015 deaths
People from Salto Partido
Sportspeople from Buenos Aires Province
Argentine male rowers
Olympic rowers for Argentina
Rowers at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Argentina
Olympic medalists in rowing
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics


The Canton of Saint-François is a canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre on the island of Guadeloupe.

Municipalities
Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton are:
La Désirade
Sainte-Anne (partly)
Saint-François

See also
Cantons of Guadeloupe
Communes of Guadeloupe
Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Cantons of Guadeloupe


The Canton of Saint-Louis is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre in the department of Guadeloupe. It had 2,535 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Saint-Louis, which joined the new canton of Marie-Galante in 2015.

See also
 Cantons of Guadeloupe
 Communes of Guadeloupe
 Arrondissements of Guadeloupe

References

Former cantons of Guadeloupe
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


The Malabar woodshrike (Tephrodornis sylvicola) is a species of bird usually placed in the family Vangidae.  It is found in western India.  It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the large woodshrike.

Gallery

References

Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.

Tephrodornis
Birds described in 1839
Birds of India
Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats


The Andaman bulbul (Brachypodius fuscoflavescens) is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is endemic to the Andaman Islands. It has a mainly olive-yellow plumage and has most of the head olive. It feeds on small fruit and berries, but will also take insects.

Until 2008, the Andaman bulbul was considered as a subspecies of the black-headed bulbul.

References

Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton (2005). Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Volume 2: Attributes and Status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.

Andaman bulbul
Birds of the Andaman Islands
Endemic fauna of the Andaman Islands
Andaman bulbul


Verticordia subg. Eperephes is a botanical name for a grouping of similar plant species in the genus Verticordia. This subgenus contains six sections, classifying forty four species, of Alex George's infrageneric arrangement. The subgeneric name is derived from the Greek word eperephes, in reference to over-hanging parts at the hypanthium which differentiate the contained species from the other two subgenera.

Verticordia subg. Eperephes
Section Integripetala
Section Tropica
3 species, the type species for this section is Verticordia cunninghamii. These are outliers that extend the range of the genus to the Northern Territory
Section Jamiesoniana
containing a single species; Verticordia jamiesonii
Section Verticordella
containing 18 species
Section Corynatoca
containing a single species; Verticordia ovalifolia
Section Pennuligera
the lectotype chosen for this section is Verticordia grandis

References

Eperephes
Plant subgenera