Wesley Clint "Big Nasty" Malott (born October 26, 1976) is an American professional ten-pin bowler and member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA). Originally from Pflugerville, Texas, he now resides in Fort Wayne, Indiana. He has won ten PBA Tour titles, and was the 2008–09 Chris Schenkel PBA Player of the Year. He won his lone major championship at the 2012–13 U.S. Open, and has finished runner-up in five other PBA major tournaments. Malott also won the 2006–07 Showplace Lanes Megabucks Shootout, which was not a PBA Tour event. He won the non-title PBA King of Bowling event in 2009, and defended his King position eight consecutive times through 2018.

Malott also owns 18 PBA Regional Tour titles. Through 2019, his career PBA Tour earnings have topped $1.3 million (U.S.). He has rolled 41 perfect 300 games in PBA Tour events, and had two televised 300 games in the 2009 King of Bowling tournament. Wes is a Pro Staff member for Roto Grip bowling balls, Dexter shoes and Vise Grips.

In January 2022, Malott was unanimously elected to the PBA Hall of Fame, and was inducted with the 2022 class on February 26.

PBA career

After winning one title each in the 2005–06, 2006–07 and 2007–08 seasons, Malott had his big breakout in the 2008–09 season. In a close race, Malott won the 2008–09 PBA Player of the Year Award over Norm Duke (74 points to Duke's 70).  In his finest season to date, Malott made nine TV finals appearances, won three times, and collected a career-high $174,680.  He won the PBA's George Young High Average award with a season mark of 222.98.

At the 2009 PBA World Series of Bowling in Allen Park, MI, Malott made the TV finals in two of the seven events: the PBA Shark Championship and PBA World Championship, but failed to win either tournament. In the World Championship, he was denied his first major title when he was upset by newcomer Tom Smallwood, 244–228. Smallwood had been laid off from his automotive plant job in Michigan less than a year before defeating Malott for the championship.

Although Malott failed to win a tournament in the 2009–10 season (the first time he had been shut out since 2004–05), he did finish second on the Tour in average (221.33) and fifth in points, while making five TV finals appearances.

Malott won a title in the 2011–12 season in the Mark Roth-Marshall Holman Exempt Doubles Championship with partner Norm Duke.

In the 2012–13 season, he finished runner-up in the USBC Masters to Jason Belmonte. Later in the season, he got his revenge on Belmonte, defeating him in the final match of Bowling's U.S. Open in Columbus, Ohio for Wes' first major championship. He won his ninth PBA title later in the 2012–13 season, in the Cheetah Championship at the 2013 World Series of Bowling, marking the first time since 2008–09 that he won multiple titles in a single season. He also posted a career-high 228.09 average in Tour events.

Malott and partner Norm Duke won their second Mark Roth-Marshall Holman Doubles Championship in 2015. The win gave Malott ten PBA Tour titles, which qualified him for PBA Hall of Fame consideration.

On April 12, 2017, Malott won the PBA "King of the Hill" competition in Portland, Maine. This was a special, non-title event broadcast live on the PBA's Xtra Frame webcast service, held in conjunction with the PBA League and Mark Roth-Marshall Holman Doubles Championship during the same week in Portland.

Malott was the anchor bowler for the winning Portland Lumberjacks team in the 2019 PBA League tournament, and he won the Mark Roth League MVP award. Excluding a couple of meaningless tenth frame fill balls, Malott rolled 20 of 22 possible strikes over the three-day event (July 16–18). The Lumberjacks won the PBA League competition for a second straight season on September 30, 2020, with Malott winning his second straight Mark Roth MVP award. Since the event's inception in 2013, Malott is the first player to earn MVP honors in back-to-back seasons. At this same event, Malott won the PBA League All-Star Clash, a special event featuring one representative from each of the 12 PBA League teams. In the event broadcast on November 29, Malott won $25,000 for himself and $50,000 for his team.

During an interview by PBA commissioner Tom Clark during the 2022 PBA Players Championship qualifying rounds, Malott learned that Clark only set up the interview to inform Wes he was unanimously elected to the Professional Bowlers Association Hall of Fame. He was inducted as the only member of the 2022 class during a ceremony on February 26, 2022, the night before the PBA Tournament of Champions finals.

King of Bowling

Malott won all five of his matches to win the crown in ESPN2's made-for-TV "King of Bowling" event, which was broadcast over five weeks on a tape-delay basis in April–May, 2009.  Malott rolled 300 games in two of his five matches.

Since that inaugural event, the King of Bowling has taken the form of a challenge match, most often a best two-of-three, and has been held in conjunction with a regularly scheduled PBA Tour event. Malott's challenger was chosen via PBA fan vote.

Through 2018, Malott never lost the King of Bowling crown, winning his eighth crown defense against Jason Belmonte on February 6, 2018. This best-of-three match, which Malott won 2–0, was held at AMF Riviera Lanes prior to the start of the PBA Tournament of Champions. In previous King of Bowling events, Malott has beaten Tommy Jones, Belmonte and E. J. Tackett (in a three-way match), Parker Bohn III, Rhino Page, Walter Ray Williams Jr., Patrick Allen and Chris Barnes.

Malott was invited to defend his crown July 20–22, 2020 in Jupiter, Florida, at the PBA's six-episode King of the Lanes event broadcast on Fox Sports 1. He was defeated in his first King match on July 20 by his friend and doubles partner, Norm Duke.

Career highlights
PBA Titles (majors in boldface)

2005–06 – Mile High Classic (Lakewood, Colorado)
2006–07 – Discover Card Windy City Classic (Vernon Hills, Illinois)
2007–08 – Earl Anthony Medford Classic (Medford, Oregon)
2008–09 – Carmen Salvino Scorpion Championship (Vernon Hills, Illinois)
2008–09 – Bayer Earl Anthony Medford Classic (Medford, Oregon)
2008–09 – Etonic Marathon Open (Indianapolis, Indiana)
2011–12 – Mark Roth-Marshall Holman Exempt Doubles Championship w/Norm Duke (Las Vegas, Nevada)
2012–13 – Lipton U.S. Open (Columbus, Ohio)
2012–13 – WSOB Cheetah Championship (Las Vegas, Nevada)
2015 – Mark Roth-Marshall Holman PBA Doubles Championship w/Norm Duke (Indianapolis, Indiana)

Other top-3 finishes

2003–04 – 3rd, PBA World Championship
2004–05 – 3rd, PBA Banquet Open
2005–06 – 3rd, Greater Omaha Classic
2005–06 – 2nd, Tulsa Championship
2006–07 – 2nd, Motor City Classic
2006–07 – 1st, Showplace Lanes Megabucks Shootout (non-PBA title event)
2006–07 – 2nd, Ace Hardware Championship
2006–07 – 3rd, Earl Anthony Medford Classic
2006–07 – 2nd, U.S. Open
2007–08 – 2nd, Lake Country Indiana Classic
2007–08 – 2nd, Lumber Liquidators Championship
2008–09 – 1st, Dart Bowl ATX Crossover Doubles (non-PBA title event; included a Dutch 200 game)
2008–09 – 2nd, Lumber Liquidators Shark Championship
2008–09 – 3rd, National Bowling Stadium Championship
2008–09 – 3rd, Tournament of Champions
2008–09 – 2nd, Dydo Japan Cup
2008–09 – 1st, PBA King of Bowling (non-PBA title event; included 2 perfect games)
2009–10 – 2nd, PBA World Championship
2009–10 – 3rd, Don and Paula Carter Mixed Doubles Championship (with Shannon O'Keefe)
2010–11 – 3rd, PBA Chameleon Championship
2011–12 – 2nd, Carmen Salvino Classic
2012–13 – 2nd, USBC Masters
2012–13 – 2nd, Don Carter Classic
2014 – 2nd, Barbasol Tournament of Champions
2014 – 2nd, PBA World Championship
2016 – 3rd, USBC Masters
2016 – 2nd, PBA Fall Swing Badger Open
2016 – 3rd, PBA Detroit Open
2017 – 3rd, U.S. Open
2019 – 3rd, Go Bowling! PBA Indianapolis Open

Career statistics

Statistics are through the last complete PBA season.

+CRA = Championship Round Appearances

Personal
Wes has two sons (Jordan and Camden) and a daughter (Brooke). Jordan Malott, aged 15, bowled in the PBA Regional Tour Houston Emerald Bowl Southwest Challenge on August 18, 2019, and finished in third place.

Sources
 http://www.pba.com, official website of the Professional Bowlers Association and the PBA Tour

References

American ten-pin bowling players
1976 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Austin, Texas
Sportspeople from Pflugerville, Texas


Demiivska (, ) is the first station on Kyiv Metro's Obolonsko–Teremkivska Line's Holosiiv-Teremky extension opened on 15 December 2010. It is situated on the "Holosiivski" avenue. It serves the residential areas around, the major marketplace Demiivskyi Rynok, and the cities central intercity bus station.

History
The station was due to open in late 2008. Later, Metro officials rescheduled the opening to March 2009. The opening was again postponed to Independence Day August 2009, but this date was also unmet. A trial run of a train took place on 5 November 2010. Finally the extension, including the station, opened on 15 December 2010.

Design
Designed by architect Valeriy Gnevishev, the station features a typical pillar trispan with a new "flower" design on the pillars dominated by the red and beige palette. The station is built by cut-and-cover and has three levels, an underground waiting area and two escalators leading to two mezzanine levels before reaching the platform. Entrances are on both sides of the avenue.

References

Kyiv Metro stations
Railway stations opened in 2010
2010 establishments in Ukraine


The Rega is a river in north-western Poland, flowing into the Baltic Sea.

Rega may also refer to:

Places

 Kallepalli Rega, a village in Lakkavarapukota mandal in Vizianagaram district, India
 Pusapati Rega, a village in Vizianagaram district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, India
 Rega, Buner, an administrative unit in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan
 Treptow an der Rega, a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

Organizations

 Rega (air rescue) in Switzerland
 Rega Institute for Medical Research in Belgium
 Rega Research British manufacturer of hi-fi equipment
Rega Planar 3, a record player manufactured by Rega Research

People with the surname

 Amedeo Rega (1920–2007), Italian football player
 Chantal Réga (born 1955), French sprinter and hurdler
 Horacio Rega Molina (1899-1957) Argentine poet specializing in sonnets, journalist, and dramatist
 José López Rega (1916–1989), Argentine politician
 Mario Cerciello Rega (19842019), Italian police officer murdered by two American teenagers in 2019

Other uses

 Rega im Dodley (Hebrew: רגע עם דודלי; lit.t. "A Moment with Dodley"), an original Israeli TV show for children
 Rega Lifney She... (Hebrew: ...רגע לפני ש, meaning "Just before…"), the second studio album by Israeli singer Shiri Maimon
 Rega Institute for Medical Research, a scientific establishment belonging to the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium
 Rega Research, a British audio equipment manufacturer
 Rega (air rescue), a private, non-profit air rescue service of emergency medical assistance in Switzerland and Liechtenstein

See also

 Regas
 Riga (disambiguation)


The Diocese of Debrecen–Nyíregyháza () is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Debrecen and Nyíregyháza in the Ecclesiastical province of Eger in Hungary.

History
 31 May 1993: Established as Diocese of Debrecen – Nyíregyháza from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Eger and Diocese of Szeged–Csanád

Leadership
 Bishops of Debrecen–Nyíregyháza (Roman rite)
 Bishop Nándor Bosák (31 May 1993 – 21 September 2015)
Bishop Ferenc Palánki (21 September 2015 – present)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Hungary
List of Roman Catholic dioceses in Hungary

Sources
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy

External links

Official site of Debreceni Szent Anna Főplébánia

Roman Catholic dioceses in Hungary
Christian organizations established in 1993
Debrecen
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century
Debrecen-Nyiregyhaza, Roman Catholic Diocese of


Bouin may refer to:

Places in France
 Bouin, Deux-Sèvres, in the Deux-Sèvres department
 Bouin, Vendée, in the Vendée department
 Isle of Bouin, a former island in the Vendée department
 Bouin-Plumoison, in the Pas-de-Calais department
 Neuvy-Bouin, in the Deux-Sèvres department
 Villiers-au-Bouin, in the Indre-et-Loire department

Other uses
 Bouin solution, a type of fixative used in histology
 Jean Bouin (1888–1914), French Olympic runner
 Sébastien Bouin, French rock climber
 Stade Jean-Bouin (disambiguation)

See also
 Buin (disambiguation)


George L. Crockett (September 18, 1928 – February 15, 1967), also known as G. Davy Crockett, was an American R&B singer, whose best known records were "Look Out Mabel" in 1957 and "It's A Man Down There", an R&B hit in 1965.

Biography
He was born in Carrollton, Mississippi, United States. Little is known of his life, but by the mid-1950s he was living in Chicago where he performed with Freddie King and Magic Sam. He made his first recording, "Look Out Mabel", on which he was credited as G. Davy Crockett to cash in on the Davy Crockett craze of the period. It was issued in late 1957, on the Chief label owned by Mel London. Although positively reviewed by Billboard, and now seen as a rockabilly classic, it was not a hit and Crockett made no more recordings for several years.

Some reports state that he lived in Washington, D.C. during the 1960s. In 1965, he recorded several more tracks for the Four Brothers record label run by Jack Daniels in Chicago. They included "It's A Man Down There", which reached number 13 on the Billboard R&B chart and number 67 on the Hot 100. Its success led to an answer record ("I'm the Man Down There") by Jimmy Reed, and to an alternate take of "Look Out Mabel" being released by Checker Records. However, Crockett failed to follow up his commercial success, and Jack Daniels later said that Crockett's alcoholism made him difficult to work with.

Crockett died in Chicago in 1967, aged 38, of a cerebral haemorrhage resulting from hypertension.

"Look Out Mabel" has been reissued on several compilations of rockabilly and rock and roll music, particularly in Europe.

Discography

Singles
 "Look Out Mabel" / "Did You Ever Love Somebody (That Didn't Love You)" (Chief 7010, 1957)
 "It's A Man Down There" / "Every Hour, Every Day" (Four Brothers 445, 1965)
 "Every Good-Bye Ain't Gone" / "Watch My 32" (Four Brothers 448, 1965)
 "Think Twice Before You Go" / "Gonna Make You Mine" (Four Brothers 451, 1966)

Compilation albums
 G. L. Crockett Meets Big Walter Price - Rockin' With The Blues (Official of-CD 5679, 2003)

References

1928 births
1967 deaths
American soul singers
20th-century American singers
People from Carrollton, Mississippi


Carlo Giuseppe Matteo Marangoni (29 April 1840 – 14 April 1925) was an Italian physicist.

Biography
Marangoni graduated in 1865 from the University of Pavia under the supervision of Giovanni Cantoni with a dissertation entitled "" ("On the spreading of liquid droplets").

He then moved to Florence where he first worked at the "Museo di Fisica" (1866) and later at the Liceo Dante (1870), where he held the position of High School Physics Teacher for 45 years until retirement in 1916.

He primarily studied surface phenomena in liquids, and the Marangoni effect and the Marangoni number are named after him. He also contributed to meteorology and invented a Nefoscopio to observe clouds.

Aspirator and Compressor

Marangoni simplified the aspirator for the measurement of gas. A common flaw in aspirator were inaccurate measurements caused by ascending of air or gas through descending liquid. The perfected device uses a couple of vessels attached to a fixed horizontal shaft, FE, which rests on two erect supports. The shaft has various passages which conducts the functions of the taps. The water of the above receptacle releases into the bottom receptacle by passage A, and through the tube, BC, issuing at the lowest extremity at C. The air within the bottom vessel is omitted by the passage DE, cut into the shaft, meanwhile the air or gas is aspirated in the identical ratio by the passage, FG.

References

External links
 Marangoni Obituary (in italian) (A list of Marangoni's publications are included in this obituary.)

1840 births
1925 deaths
University of Pavia alumni
19th-century Italian physicists
Scientists from Pavia
Fluid dynamicists


WPC/DC Sharon "Shaz" Granger is a fictional character in BBC One's science fiction/police procedural drama, Ashes to Ashes. The character is portrayed by Montserrat Lombard. The character's look and style are based on Joanne Catherall of The Human League in 1981.

Personality

The character of Sharon Granger is described as "friendly, eager and helpful" by the programme's official website. Granger joined Gene Hunt's (Philip Glenister) Criminal Investigation Department two years prior to the second series, acting as a uniformed aide with responsibility for administration.

During the first two series, Granger is shown to be unfulfilled with her current tasks within CID. Despite having been referred to as a "lobotomised Essex girl" by Gene Hunt, Granger has demonstrated a "keen intelligence and diverse knowledge" on literature, history and the arts.

She has a more progressive attitude than many of her colleagues, frequently challenging them on their various prejudices. She is also a supporter of the Labour party, and opposes Thatcher.

Following the arrival of protagonist Alex Drake (Keeley Hawes) in the series, the two become friends.

During episode two of the third series, Granger contemplates leaving the Metropolitan Police. However, after she goes on an undercover operation to catch a serial killer - during which she saves herself from an attempt on her life by stabbing her attacker with a screwdriver - and Hunt promises to allow her into CID by Christmas, she decides to stay. After she accepts Hunt's offer, there is a brief musical cue of 'Life On Mars' and a close up of a spaced out Granger. A voice can also be heard; this is later revealed by Chris, who has a similar experience, to be that of Nelson (Tony Marshall), the landlord of The Railway Arms from Life on Mars. This moment seems to symbolise the resolution of her internal conflict relating to her revelation in the finale, as on this occasion she is able to successfully defend herself.

Along with this, Shaz, Ray and Chris all have worrying visions of stars throughout the third season.

Stabbing

During episode 7 of the first series, Granger attempts to apprehend an armed and dangerous Gil Hollis, shortly after he fired upon the team while they were taking cover in Luigi's trattoria opposite Fenchurch East Police Station. After eventually nearing Hollis, Granger tackles him to the ground, the knife Hollis is holding penetrating her stomach as they fall. Once Alex Drake, Chris Skelton (Marshall Lancaster), Ray Carling (Dean Andrews), and Gene Hunt arrive at the scene, Drake carries out CPR on Granger. After Drake's attempts seem to have failed, Hunt orders Hollis to his knees and allows Skelton and Carling to violently assault him while he is in police custody, despite the protest of Viv James (Geff Francis). However, Drake manages to revive Granger and she is taken to hospital.

During episode 8, Granger recovers and joins the group again.

Finale

During the finale it is revealed that, in reality, Shaz is already dead. She was killed in 1995 (although in the original script of the finale she died on 19 April 1996). while attempting to apprehend a would-be car thief stealing a Ford Sierra. The thief stabbed her in the abdomen with a screwdriver, leaving her to bleed to death. The world she occupies during the series is a form of limbo.

After Alex persuades Gene to join the undercover operation that Chris, Shaz and Ray have organised, he radios through to Ray, Chris and Shaz just as DCI Jim Keats (Daniel Mays) is going to take them away. After persuading Ray and Chris to return to him, Gene radios Shaz and informs her that "Shaz, you are now promoted to Detective Constable, effective immediately". Granger is the first to return to Gene and Alex just before the sting.

She and Chris are reunited before crossing over into 'the pub', together with Ray and Alex. Before leaving, she gives Hunt a peck on the cheek, Hunt telling her "you keep [Chris] out of trouble, Detective Constable Granger".

Relationships

During the second series, Granger enters into a relationship with Chris Skelton and eventually they become engaged. During the first episode of the third series, it is revealed that Granger and Skelton are no longer together; however, they mend their relationship in the finale.

Granger is also close to Alex Drake, who tells the comatose Sharon that she is her "favourite imaginary construct", because she "is so alive". Granger expresses her admiration of Drake throughout the series, describing her as "the most amazing woman [she's] ever met".

Granger has a strained relationship with Ray Carling, whose sexism means he often mocks her and doesn't take her seriously. They also clash on many political issues, such as Carling's support of Thatcher and his dismissal of opposition to apartheid, leading her to call him "intolerant", "prejudiced", and "racist". During episode two of the second series, Granger reveals that her mother is Romani, after hearing Carling making antiziganistic remarks. Their relationship improves over the course of the third season, with Carling telling Granger that he is "very proud to be a colleague of [hers]" in the second episode. In the fifth episode of the third season, the two sing a duet of 'Danny Boy' on stage together. Ray also confides in Shaz about his visions of stars, and she comforts him when they later share these visions.

Granger admires DCI Hunt, calling him "brave as a lion", however, in the third season, she becomes frustrated with his harsh treatment of her and her colleagues, especially Chris, and with his inability to keep his promise of promoting her to CID. She overcomes this in the finale by obeying his orders to leave Keats and join the undercover operation.

References

External links
 Sharon Granger (Ashes to Ashes)

Ashes to Ashes (TV series) characters
Fictional British police officers
Television characters introduced in 2008
Fictional Romani people


The Diocese of Szeged–Csanád () is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Szeged and Csanád in the Ecclesiastical province of Kalocsa-Kecskemét in Hungary.

The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Hungarians in Szeged. The Co-Cathedral of St. Anthony of Padua is based in Békéscsaba.

History
 1035: Established as Diocese of Csanád by King Stephen
 August 5, 1982: Renamed as Diocese of Szeged – Csanád

List of bishops
 1035–1046 St Gerard of Csanád
 1046–1053 Maurus
1053–1083 unknown
 1083–1113 Lorenz
 fl. 1138 Besztréd
 fl. 1142 Pál
 1156–1169 Stefan
 1188–1192 Saul von Altenburg
 1192–1193 Krispin
 1198–1201 János I
 1202–1229 Desiderius
 1229–1254 Bulcsú Lád
 1259–1275 Briccius
 1275–1291 Gergely I
 1298–1307 Antal I
 1307–1332 Benedikt
 1332–1343 Jakab Piancenzai
 1343–1344 István II Harcsáki (Büki)
 1344 Galhard de Carceribus
 1345–1350 Gergely II Kapronczai
 1350–1358 Tamás I Telegdi
 1359–1360 Gergely III Lendvai (Fugyi)
 1360–1373 Domonkos Bebek
 1373–1375 Miklós I
 1377–1379 Pál II Péterfia
 1379–1380 Tamás II
 1380–1386 János II Czudar
 1386–1395 János III
 1395–1397 Lukács I Órévi
 1397–1402 Gergely IV Szeri Pósafi
 1403–1423 Dózsa Marczalli
 1423–1443 László I Marczalli
 1434–1438 Albert I Kerolti
 1438–1457 Péter I Remetei Himfi
 1457–1466 Albert II Hangácsi
 1466–1493 János IV Szokoli
 1493–1500 Lukács II Szegedi Baratin
 1500–1514 Miklós II Körösszegi Csáki
 1514–1526 Ferenc I Csaholi
 1526–1529 János V Musinai Gerván
 1529–1537 János VI Bonzagnó
 1537–1552 János VII Barlabássy
 1553–1554 Ferenc II Medgyesi Székely
 1556–1558 György I Bódy
 1559–1561 Péter II Kapronczay Paulinus
 1561–1562 János VIII Kolozsváry
 1562–1563 András Dudich
 1563–1572 Gergely V Bornemissza
 1572–1582 Boldizsár Persei Melegh
 1582–1587 István III Mathisy
 1587–1597 Pál III Szegedy
 1598–1608 Faustus Verancsics
 1608–1623 Matthias I Herovich
 1623–1625 Emmerich I Lósy
 1625–1637 György II Dubovszky
 1637–1643 János IX Szederkényi Püsky
 1643 György III Pohronczi Szelepcsényi
 1643–1644 György IV Széchenyi
 1644–1648 Zsigmond I Szenttamási Zsongor
 1648–1650 Matthias II Alsőlelóczi Tarnóczy
 1651–1652 István IV Rohonczy
 1653–1657 Tamás III Erdődy Pálffy
 1658–1672 Jácint Macripodari
 1672–1678 Ferdinand Erdődy Pálffy
 1678–1681 János X Kéry
 1681–1685 Miklós III Galánthai Balogh
 1685–1686 György V Fenessy oder Fényessy
 1686–1689 Mihály I Lipótfalvy Dvornikovics
 1689–1699 István V Telekessy
 1699 Ferenc III Jany
 1699–1707 István VI Dolny
 1708- Zsigmond II Ordody
 1710 Ferenc IV Lapsánszky
 1710–1730 László II Nádasdy
 1730–1739 Adalbert von Falkenstein
 1739–1750 Nikola Stanislavič
 1750–1777 Franz Anton Engl Graf von Wagrain
 1777–1798 Emmerich Christovich
 1800–1828 Ladislaus Kőszeghy von Remete
 1829–1832 Anton Török
 1834–1850 József Lonovics
 1848–1849 Mihály Horváth (elected)
 1851–1860 Sándor Csajághy
 1860–1889 Sándor II Bonnaz
 1890–1907 Alexander III Dessewffy Cserneki és Tarkeői
 1908–1911 János XI Csernoch
 1911–1943 Gyula Móri Glattfelder
 1943–1944 Sándor IV Raskó (Apostolic Administrator)
 1944–1964 Endre II Hamvas
 1964–1969 József II Ijjas (Apostolic Administrator)
 1969–1987 József III Udvardy
 1987–2006 Endre Gyulay
 2006 László Kiss-Rigó

See also
Roman Catholicism in Hungary

Notes

References
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy

External links

1035 establishments in Europe
Dioceses established in the 11th century
Roman Catholic dioceses in Hungary
Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Kalocsa–Kecskemét


The Norwegian Consumer Ombudsman () is a government-appointed ombudsman in Norway for consumer affairs.

The office was established in 1973 with Inger Louise Valle as the first holder. The office of the consumer ombudsman sees to it that the marketing of goods and services is done in accordance with marketing law. Specifically, the office acts in the interests of consumers to seek to prevent market abuses in conflict with the provisions stipulated in or pursuant to the Norwegian Marketing Control Act. The Consumer Ombudsman, acting on her or his own initiative or on the basis of communications from others, encourages all businesspersons to conduct their activities in accordance with the provisions of the Act. The Ombudsman also seeks to ensure that terms and conditions are not used in any way that may harm consumers. The office of the Consumer Ombudsman received attention internationally since it ruled that the iTunes Music Store's contract terms violates Norwegian consumer and marketing law.

The ombudsman handles around 8,500 cases each year, both on its own initiative and stemming from complaints from consumer and business-holders. Decisions by the ombudsman can be appealed to the Norwegian Market Council.

Bjørn Erik Thon led the office of the Consumer Ombudsman from 2000 to 2010, and was succeeded by Gry Nergård. Her term of office lasts for six years.

References

External links
 The Consumer Ombudsman and the Market Council

Consumer Ombudsman
 Consumer
1973 establishments in Norway
Organizations established in 1973
Ombudsman posts
Consumer rights agencies


Stawell is a village and civil parish  north-east of Bridgwater, and  north-west of Moorlinch, in Somerset, England. The civil parish includes the village of Sutton Mallet.

Governance

The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.

For local government purposes, since 1 April 2023, the village comes under the unitary authority of Somerset Council. Prior to this, it was part of the non-metropolitan district of Sedgemoor, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Bridgwater Rural District.

It is also part of the Bridgwater and West Somerset county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one member of parliament by the first past the post system of election.

Religious sites

Church of St Francis, Stawell dates from the 13th century and has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade II* listed building.

Sutton Mallet Church which has a church dating from 1829 on the site of an earlier church. It is Grade II listed. The church is in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

The raised stone "Coffin Walk" alongside part of Ford Lane next to the church is thought to be one of only three Coffin Walks left in the country. It is believed to have originally stretched from the old Roman Road above the village, partly following a still existing Public Footpath.

References

External links

Villages in Sedgemoor
Somerset Levels
Civil parishes in Somerset


Alessandro Besozzi (born 22 July 1702 in Parma – died 26 July 1793 in Turin) was an Italian composer and virtuoso oboist. He was a member of the ducal Guardia Irlandese from 1714, a hautboy band created by Antonio Farnese, Duke of Parma in 1702, where he worked with his father Cristoforo Besozzi and his brothers Giuseppe and Paolo Girolamo Besozzi. After leaving the company on 20 April 1731, he worked in Turin with his brother Paolo Girolamo at the court of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia.

The uncle of Antonio Besozzi and Gaetano Besozzi, he played concerts in various European cities with his younger brother Paolo. They went to Paris to play in the Concert Spirituel from 30 March to 29 May 1735, taking part for a time in the musical chapel of Versailles. He also gave singing lessons, met many important personalities of the musical world throughout Europe, and had many students who became successful musicians themselves like Johann Christian Fischer and Georg Druschetzky.

Works
Alessandro Besozzi is the author of nearly two hundred chamber works composed for various groups of instruments, although only one of them was published in his lifetime. He wrote over a hundred sonatas, 65 trios, six oboe concertos, two for flute, and twelve trio sonatas.

 6 Trio sonatas for flute, viola with basso continuo for harp or cello (London, 1747)
 12 Sonatas for two oboes (composed together with his brother Paolo Girolamo)
 6 pieces for flute, oboe and viola, Op. 2 (Paris, 1740)
 6 sonatas for 2 violas and basso continuo for harp, Op. 4 (London, 1760)
 6 sonatas for 2 violas or 2 flutes with basso continuo, Op. 5 (London, 1764)
 6 Suonate mises au jour per Canavasse
 6 sonatas for viola solo and basso continuo
 12 Trios for 2 transverse flutes and harpsichord
 Sonata a 2 for oboe and basso
 Trii delli Sig.ri Fratelli Besuzzi di Torino for 2 flutes con basso
 Sonata a tre for transverse flute, viola and basso
 8 Sonatas for 2 violas and cello
 Trio for 2 violas with basso
 6 Trios for 2 violas and cello
 Sonata da camera for 2 violas and basso
 6 Sonatas for 2 violas and basso
 Canzonette for soprano with basso
 Sonata a tre for 2 violas and basso
 Trio for 2 transverse flutes or viola and basso
 2 Sonata da camera
 6 Trios for 2 violas or oboe instead of the first violin and basso
 Sonata in B-flat major for trombone and piano
 6 pieces for flute, oboe or viola, with basso continuo for harp or cello, Op. 3 (London, 1750)

Notes

References

External links
Biography of the Besozzi musicians in Italian

1702 births
1793 deaths
18th-century Italian composers
18th-century Italian male musicians
Italian Baroque composers
Italian male classical composers
Italian classical oboists
Male oboists
People from Piacenza


ParadisEO is a white-box object-oriented framework dedicated to the flexible design of metaheuristics. It uses EO, a template-based, ANSI-C++ compliant computation library.  ParadisEO is portable across both Windows system and sequential platforms (Unix, Linux, Mac OS X, etc.). ParadisEO is distributed under the CeCill license and can be used under several environments.

Overview

ParadisEO is a white-box object-oriented framework dedicated to the reusable design of metaheuristics, hybrid metaheuristics, and parallel and distributed metaheuristics.
ParadisEO provides a broad range of features including evolutionary algorithms, local searches, Particle swarm optimization, the most common parallel and distributed models and hybridization mechanisms, etc. This high content and utility encourages its use at International level. ParadisEO is based on a clear conceptual separation of the solution methods from the problems they are intended to solve. This separation confers to the user a maximum code and design reuse. Furthermore, the fine-grained nature of the classes provided by the framework allow a higher flexibility compared to other frameworks. ParadisEO is of the rare frameworks that provide the most common parallel and distributed models. Their implementation is portable on distributed-memory machines as well as on shared-memory multiprocessors, as it uses standard libraries such as MPI, PVM and PThreads. The models can be exploited in a transparent way, one has just to instantiate their associated provided classes. Their experimentation on the radio network design real-world application demonstrate their efficiency.

Modules

Paradiseo-EO

Paradiseo-EO deals with population based metaheuristics, it is a templates-based, ANSI-C++ compliant evolutionary computation library (evolutionary algorithms, particle swarm optimization...). It contains classes for almost any kind of evolutionary computation you might come up to - at least for the ones we could think of. It is component-based, so that if you don't find the class you need in it, it is very easy to subclass existing abstract or concrete classes.

Paradiseo-MOEO

Paradiseo-MOEO provides a broad range of tools for the design of multiobjective optimization metaheuristics: fitness assignment schemes (achievement functions, ranking, indicator-based...), diversity preservation mechanisms (sharing, crowding), elitism, performance metrics (contribution, entropy...), statistical tools and some easy-to-use state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (NSGA, NSGA-II, IBEA...).

Paradiseo-MO

Paradiseo-MO deals with single-solution based metaheuristics, it provides tools for the development of single solution-based metaheuristics: Hill climbing, Tabu search, Iterative Local Search (ILS), Simulated annealing, incremental evaluation, partial neighbourhood...

Paradiseo-PEO

Paradiseo-PEO provides tools for the design of parallel and distributed metaheuristics: parallel evaluation, parallel evaluation function, island model, cellular model... Paradiseo-PEO also introduces tools for the design of distributed, hybrid and cooperative models.

See also
 ECJ, A toolkit to implement Evolutionary Algorithms
 MOEA Framework, an open source Java framework for multiobjective evolutionary algorithms

External links
 Official site , at Paradiseo website
 Team, at DOLPHIN project-team website

References

 "Solving the Protein Folding Problem with a Bicriterion Genetic Algorithm on the Grid"
 Protein Sequencing with an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm from Tandem Mass Spectrometry, CEC 2006, 0-7803-9489-5, July 16-21 2006, pp 1412–1419, Vancouver, Canada
 "ParadisEO-MOEO: A Framework for Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization" (broken link?)
 A Multi-Objective Approach to the Design of Conducting Polymer Composites for Electromagnetic Shielding, EMO 2007, Matsushima, Japan
 A hybrid metaheuristic for knowledge discovery in microarray experiments, In Handbook of Bioinspired Algorithms and Applications, Edited by S. Olariu and A.Y. Zomaya
  Grid computing for parallel bioinspired algorithms (broken link?)
 ParadisEO: A Framework for the Reusable Design of Parallel and Distributed Metaheuristics  (broken link?)
  Designing cellular networks using a parallel hybrid metaheuristic

Distributed computing architecture
Metaheuristics
Numerical programming languages
Numerical analysis software for Linux
Numerical analysis software for macOS
Numerical analysis software for Windows


The D.E.Y. is a Latin hip hop group that formed in 2007. The group is composed of members Divine, Élan, and Yeyo.  The trio's name is also meant to symbolize a new day in music.

Early years
Though the trio of musicians who make up the D.E.Y. didn't grow up together, their interests, both personal and musical, were very similar.  When they did eventually meet, they knew immediately that they should work together. MC Divine was born and spent much of his life in the South Bronx, but moved to Puerto Rico in 1998. In 1999, he was introduced to an intrigued Yeyo and the two made a quick connection, recording a single on the night of their meeting that made local radio. Yeyo, born in Puerto Rico, made splashes in the island's underground hip-hip scene in 1999 when he released the politically charged "Viequez." However, like some groups, The D.E.Y. weren't able to make it big until their final addition.

Although MC Divine first met singer Élan Luz Rivera, a young woman of Puerto Rican descent (who grew up in New York and made her first appearance on Broadway by age 16, when she played Cookie in the musical The Capeman) at Miami's Soulfrito Festival in the early 2000s, it wasn't until 2005 that they were introduced again that they decided to get together. Calling themselves The D.E.Y., the three went into Yeyo's Miami studio, where they began working on their own material, a combination of urban R&B, Latin, hip-hop, and pop meant to have cross-cultural (and language) appeal. Signed to Epic, they began recording the tracks that would end up on both their EP, The DEY Has Come (2007), and their debut full-length album, but not before co-writing and performing in singer Paula DeAnda's song "Walk Away (Remember Me)."

The D.E.Y. was one of the first artists to appear simultaneously as both an MTV Discover and Download, and an MTV Tr3s Descubre and Download artist in October 2007, with their single "Give You The World."

The D.E.Y. was also featured on EA Sports NBA Live 08 with their song "Get the Feeling."

The D.E.Y. released their first album in June 2008.

Musical style
The D.E.Y. features a combination of urban R&B, Latin music, hip-hop and pop.

Discography

Albums
 The DEY Has Come EP (2007)
 The DEY Has Come LP (2008) (Asia Exclusive)

Singles

References

External links
MTV Tr3s Descubre & Download page

American contemporary R&B musical groups
Hip hop groups from New York City
Musical groups established in 2006
American musical trios
Rappers from the Bronx


Puyravault is the name of 2 communes in France:

 Puyravault, Charente-Maritime, in the Charente-Maritime department
 Puyravault, Vendée, in the Vendée department


Parallel metaheuristic is a class of techniques that are capable of reducing both the numerical effort and the run time of a metaheuristic. To this end, concepts and technologies from the field of parallelism in computer science are used to enhance and even completely modify the behavior of existing metaheuristics.  Just as it exists a long list of metaheuristics like evolutionary algorithms, particle swarm, ant colony optimization, simulated annealing, etc. it also exists a large set of different techniques strongly or loosely based in these ones, whose behavior encompasses the multiple parallel execution of algorithm components that cooperate in some way to solve a problem on a given parallel hardware platform.

Background

In practice, optimization (and searching, and learning) problems are often NP-hard, complex, and time-consuming.
Two major approaches are traditionally used to tackle these problems: exact methods
and metaheuristics. Exact methods allow to find exact solutions but are often impractical as they are
extremely time-consuming for real-world problems (large dimension, hardly constrained, multimodal,
time-varying, epistatic problems). Conversely, metaheuristics provide sub-optimal (sometimes optimal)
solutions in a reasonable time. Thus, metaheuristics usually allow to meet the resolution delays imposed
in the industrial field as well as they allow to study general problem classes instead that particular
problem instances. In general, many of the best performing techniques in precision and effort to solve
complex and real-world problems are metaheuristics. Their fields of application range from combinatorial
optimization, bioinformatics, and telecommunications to economics, software engineering, etc. These fields are full of many
tasks needing fast solutions of high quality. See  for more details on complex applications.

Metaheuristics fall in two categories: trajectory-based metaheuristics and population-based metaheuristics. The main difference of these two kind of methods relies in the number of tentative
solutions used in each step of the (iterative) algorithm. A trajectory-based technique starts with a single
initial solution and, at each step of the search, the current solution is replaced by another (often the best)
solution found in its neighborhood. It is usual that trajectory-based metaheuristics allow to quickly find
a locally optimal solution, and so they are called exploitation-oriented methods promoting intensification
in the search space. On the other hand, population-based algorithms make use of a population of solutions.
The initial population is in this case randomly generated (or created with a greedy algorithm),
and then enhanced through an iterative process. At each generation of the process, the whole population
(or a part of it) is replaced by newly generated individuals (often the best ones). These techniques are
called exploration-oriented methods, since their main ability resides in the diversification in the search
space.

Most basic metaheuristics are sequential. Although their utilization allows to significantly reduce
the temporal complexity of the search process, this latter remains high for real-world problems arising
in both academic and industrial domains. Therefore, parallelism comes as a natural way not to only
reduce the search time, but also to improve the quality of the provided solutions.

For a comprehensive discussion on how parallelism can be mixed with metaheuristics see .

Parallel trajectory-based metaheuristics
Metaheuristics for solving optimization problems could be viewed as walks through neighborhoods
tracing search trajectories through the solution domains of the problem at hands:

 Algorithm: Sequential trajectory-based general pseudo-code
     Generate(s(0));        // Initial solution
     t := 0;                // Numerical step
     while not Termination Criterion(s(t)) do
         s′(t) := SelectMove(s(t)); // Exploration of the neighborhood
         if AcceptMove(s′(t)) then
             s(t) := ApplyMove(s′(t));
             t := t + 1;
     endwhile

Walks are performed by iterative procedures that allow moving from one solution to another one in
the solution space (see the above algorithm). This kind of metaheuristics perform the moves in the neighborhood
of the current solution, i.e., they have a perturbative nature. The walks start from a solution randomly
generated or obtained from another optimization algorithm. At each iteration, the current solution
is replaced by another one selected from the set of its neighboring candidates. The search process is
stopped when a given condition is satisfied (a maximum number of generation, find a solution with a
target quality, stuck for a given time, . . . ).

A powerful way to achieve high computational efficiency with trajectory-based methods is the use of
parallelism. Different parallel models have been proposed for trajectory-based metaheuristics, and three
of them are commonly used in the literature: the parallel multi-start model, the parallel
exploration and evaluation of the neighborhood (or parallel moves model), and the parallel evaluation of
a single solution (or move acceleration model):

 Parallel multi-start model: It consists in simultaneously launching several trajectory-based methods for computing better and robust solutions. They may be heterogeneous or homogeneous, independent or cooperative, start from the same or different solution(s), and configured with the same or different parameters.
 Parallel moves model: It is a low-level master-slave model that does not alter the behavior of the heuristic. A sequential search would compute the same result but slower. At the beginning of each iteration, the master duplicates the current solution between distributed nodes. Each one separately manages their candidate/solution and the results are returned to the master.
 Move acceleration model: The quality of each move is evaluated in a parallel centralized way. That model is particularly interesting when the evaluation function can be itself parallelized as it is CPU time-consuming and/or I/O intensive. In that case, the function can be viewed as an aggregation of a certain number of partial functions that can be run in parallel.

Parallel population-based metaheuristics

Population-based metaheuristic are stochastic search techniques that have been successfully applied in many real and complex applications (epistatic, multimodal, multi-objective, and highly constrained problems).
A population-based algorithm is an iterative technique that applies stochastic operators on a pool
of individuals: the population (see the algorithm below). Every individual in the population is the encoded version of a tentative solution. An evaluation function associates a fitness value to every individual indicating its suitability to the problem. Iteratively, the probabilistic application of variation operators on selected individuals guides the population to tentative solutions of higher quality. The most well-known metaheuristic families based on the manipulation of a population of solutions are evolutionary algorithms (EAs), ant colony optimization (ACO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), scatter search (SS), differential evolution (DE), and estimation distribution algorithms (EDA).

 Algorithm: Sequential population-based metaheuristic pseudo-code
     Generate(P(0)); // Initial population
     t := 0;          // Numerical step
     while not Termination Criterion(P(t)) do
         Evaluate(P(t)); // Evaluation of the population
         P′′(t) := Apply Variation Operators(P′(t)); // Generation of new solutions
         P(t + 1) := Replace(P(t), P′′(t)); // Building the next population
         t := t + 1;
     endwhile

For non-trivial problems, executing the reproductive cycle of a simple population-based method on
long individuals and/or large populations usually requires high computational resources. In general, evaluating a fitness function for every individual is frequently the most costly operation of this algorithm.
Consequently, a variety of algorithmic issues are being studied to design efficient techniques. These issues usually consist of defining new operators, hybrid algorithms, parallel models, and so on.

Parallelism arises naturally when dealing with populations, since each of the individuals belonging to it is an independent unit (at least according to the Pittsburg style, although there are other approaches like the Michigan one which do not consider the individual as independent units). Indeed, the performance of population-based algorithms is often improved when running in parallel. Two parallelizing strategies are specially focused on population-based algorithms:

 Parallelization of computations, in which the operations commonly applied to each of the individuals are performed in parallel, and
 Parallelization of population, in which the population is split in different parts that can be simply exchanged or evolved separately, and then joined later.

In the beginning of the parallelization history of these algorithms, the well-known master-slave (also known as global parallelization or farming) method was used. In this approach, a central processor performs the selection operations while the associated slave processors (workers) run the variation operator and the evaluation of the fitness function. This algorithm has the same behavior as the sequential one, although its computational efficiency is improved, especially for time-consuming objective functions. On the other hand, many researchers use a pool of processors to speed up the execution of a sequential algorithm, just because independent runs can be made more rapidly by using several processors than by using a single one. In this case, no interaction at all exists between the independent runs.

However, actually most parallel population-based techniques found in the literature utilize some
kind of spatial disposition for the individuals, and then parallelize the resulting chunks in a pool of processors. Among the most widely known types of structured metaheuristics, the distributed (or coarse grain) and cellular (or fine grain) algorithms are very popular optimization procedures.

In the case of distributed ones, the population is partitioned in a set of subpopulations (islands) in which isolated serial algorithms are executed. Sparse exchanges of individuals are performed among these islands with the goal of introducing some diversity into the subpopulations, thus preventing search of getting stuck in local optima. In order to design a distributed metaheuristic, we must take several decisions. Among them, a chief decision is to determine the migration policy: topology (logical links between the islands), migration rate (number of individuals that undergo migration in every exchange), migration frequency (number of steps in every subpopulation between two successive exchanges), and the selection/replacement of the migrants.

In the case of a cellular method, the concept of neighborhood is introduced, so that an individual
may only interact with its nearby neighbors in the breeding loop. The overlapped small neighborhood in the algorithm helps in exploring the search space because a slow diffusion of solutions through the population provides a kind of exploration, while exploitation takes place inside each neighborhood. See  for more information on cellular Genetic Algorithms and related models.

Also, hybrid models are being proposed in which a two-level approach of parallelization is undertaken. In general, the higher level for parallelization is a coarse-grained implementation and the basic island performs a cellular, a master-slave method or even another distributed one.

See also
 Cellular Evolutionary Algorithms
 Enrique Alba

References

 G. Luque, E. Alba, Parallel Genetic Algorithms. Theory and Real World Applications, Springer-Verlag, , July 2011
 Alba E., Blum C., Isasi P., León C. Gómez J.A. (eds.), Optimization Techniques for Solving Complex Problems, Wiley, , 2009
 E. Alba, B. Dorronsoro, Cellular Genetic Algorithms, Springer-Verlag, , 2008
 N. Nedjah, E. Alba, L. de Macedo Mourelle, Parallel Evolutionary Computations, Springer-Verlag, , 2006
 E. Alba, Parallel Metaheuristics: A New Class of Algorithms, Wiley, , July 2005
 MALLBA
 JGDS
 DEME
 xxGA
 PSALHE-EA
 Paradiseo

Genetic algorithms
Optimization algorithms and methods
Search algorithms


"Same Old Scene" is a 1980 song recorded by English rock band Roxy Music and written by lead singer Bryan Ferry. The song was taken from the group's number one album Flesh and Blood, and was released as a single in late 1980. It peaked at #12 on the UK Singles Charts and #35 in Australia.

It contains a Roland CR-78 drum machine rhythm backing and intricate bass guitar work that would become ubiquitous in many Roxy Music songs that followed. "Same Old Scene" plays during both the opening and end credits of the 1980 film Times Square and is included on the film soundtrack. It also plays over the end scene and closing credits of the 2008 pilot episode for the television series Ashes to Ashes, and is featured in a party scene in the 2018 film Can You Ever Forgive Me?.

Most of the single editions had a non-LP track on the B-side called "Lover", which was notable for being one of the few Roxy Music B-sides with lyrics. "Lover" was also featured on the Miami Vice II soundtrack album in 1986, the B Side of Bryan Ferry's "The Price of Love" single in 1989, and was later included in the 1995 Roxy Music boxed set The Thrill of It All.

Personnel

 Bryan Ferry – vocals, keyboards
 Phil Manzanera – guitar
 Andy Mackay – saxophones and oboe
 Alan Spenner – bass
 Allan Schwartzberg – drums

References

Roxy Music songs
1980 singles
Songs written by Bryan Ferry
1980 songs
Reprise Records singles
E.G. Records singles


Magydaris is a genus of perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to the western and central Mediterranean.

Species
, Plants of the World Online accepted two species:
Magydaris panacifolia (Vahl) Lange – Iberian Peninsula and northwestern Africa
Magydaris pastinacea (Lam.) Paol. – southern Italy and Sardinia to northwestern Africa

References

External links

 Magydaris pastinacea - Zipcodezoo
 Magydaris pastinacea

Apioideae
Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque


Yezupil (; ) is an urban-type settlement in western Ukraine. It is located in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion (district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (region), approximately  north of the administrative center of the oblast, Ivano-Frankivsk. Yezupil hosts the administration of Yezupil settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:

History
Yezupil was previously referred to as part of the Halych Powiat (county). It is also a part of the historic region of Pokuttya in Galicia.

At the turn of the century, town Jezupol (former Zhovten) was a fair size town (with its own Jewish Kahil and Roman Catholic Church and Greek Catholic Church) in Galicia/Halychyna in Austro-Hungarian Empire.

It is approximately 7 km from Halych, the former capital of the Principality of Halych Volhynia in the 10/12th centuries. In 1352 – 1772 it was a part of Ruthenia Voivodeship in the Kingdom of Poland. First mentioned in 1435 as Cheshybisy (), up until the 16th century it was a village with a wooden fortress. When the fort was destroyed during one of the Tatar incursions, Jakub Potocki, the voivode of Wroclaw and private owner of the town, renamed it Jesupol, after Jesus in 1597. In 1598, a fortress and Dominican monastery was erected, and the town developed next to it. The monastery had a rich and famous library of ancient scriptures and prints.

Upon the partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772 the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, or simply Galicia, became the largest, most populous, and northernmost province of the Austrian Empire, where it remained until the dissolution of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I.

In the prelude to the Second World War, the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact divided Poland roughly along the Curzon line. Thus, all territory east of the San, Bug and Neman rivers were annexed into the USSR, approximating the former territory of East Galicia. This territory was divided into four administrative districts (oblasts): Lvov, Stanislav, Drohobych and Tarnopol (the latter including parts of Volhynia) of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Since September 17, 1939, it was a part of the USSR. Since June 22, 1941, the Soviet regime discontinued when Germany had occupied East Galicia during Operation Barbarossa.

In 1945, the town became a part of the Ukrainian SSR as part of the Soviet Union; since 1991, the town has been a part of Ukraine. The first Jezupil (Jesupol) named town was renamed to Zhovten (); it received the status of an urban-type settlement in 1940. On July 9, 2003, the town was officially renamed again to Jezupil.

Until 18 July 2020, Yezupil belonged tp Tysmenytsia Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Tysmenytsia Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion.

Notes

Geographic Library of the Kingdom of Poland (Polish language)

References

External links

wikimapia
Photographs of Jewish sites in Yezupil in Jewish History in Galicia and Bukovina
Yezupil's Music School, Yezupil's Music School

Urban-type settlements in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion
Populated places on the Dniester River in Ukraine


Grupo Uno was a group of organizers from an East Havana district cultural center. They brainstormed the radical idea of a Cuban rap festival in 1995. One of the principal organizers, Rodolfo Rensoli, contributed largely to the event by anticipating the need for social and governmental support. Rensoli said that "There are a lot of people who don't understand people like me" as a reason for starting the festival in Cuba.  While Grupo Uno gained official support, they had few resources at their disposal. Despite this setback, they were able to spread the word of the festival through the already existent Cuban rap scene. For the first time in Cuban history, moneros were able to express themselves publicly, mentioning many diverse cultural aspects such as race, baseball and the significance of their performance that day, all of which were in their native tongue, Spanish. The event took place in an open-air venue in Alamar, and would continue to occur there annually.

See also
Asociación Hermanos Saíz

References

Cuban hip hop


Center for Defence Electronics Application Laboratory (DEAL) is a laboratory of the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO). Located in Dehradun, its primary function is research and development in the radio communication devices for defence applications. Its mission is development of Radio Communication Systems, Data links, Satellite Communication Systems, Millimeter Wave Communication systems

Areas of work
 DEAL is developing communication systems and data links for Airawat Airborne Early Warning and Control System.
DEAL is also engaged in development of image processing technologies. The Image Analysis Center at DEAL has developed image processing software for Defense Forces. The Image Analysis Center works in the following areas -

Image Archival, Visualization & Interpretation tool, Classification tools, Stereo processing, Target Detection, Radar image processing, Terrain modeling & simulation, Product generation

References

External links
 DRDO

Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research institutes in Uttarakhand
Organisations based in Dehradun
Year of establishment missing


Omar Dajani is a Palestinian-American professor and former member of the Palestine Liberation Organization's Negotiations Support Unit.

Dajani was born in Texas in 1970. He received his B.A. from Northwestern University in Illinois and his J.D. from Yale Law School.

In 1999, he left the United States to join the Palestine Liberation Organization's Negotiations Support Unit, where he worked as a senior legal advisor to the Palestinian negotiating team. In 2001, Dajani left his post at the PLO to take a position as a political advisor to United Nations Special Envoy Terje Rød-Larsen, which he held until 2003.

Dajani is currently a Professor of Law at the University of the Pacific's McGeorge School of Law in Sacramento, California.

See also
 Rana Dajani

References
 Profile of Omar Dajani at the Institute for Middle East Understanding
 Biography of Omar Dajani at Brit Tzedek v'Shalom
 University of California - Hastings College of the Law Visiting Faculty

External links
 Omar Dajani: "September Song", Foreign Policy (24 May 2011) at ForeignPolicy.com
 Omar Dajani & Ezzedine Choukri Fishere: "The Myth of Defensible Borders: How a Regional Security Initiative Can Promote Middle East Peace", Foreign Affairs (5 Jan 2011) at ForeignAffairs.com
 Omar Dajani: "In Middle East's problems lie the solutions", The San Francisco Chronicle (3 August 2006) at SFGate.com
 Omar Dajani: "On a Better Road This Time in the Mideast?", The Washington Post (4 May 2003) at Common Ground News Service - Middle East

Living people
American people of Palestinian descent
Northwestern University alumni
Yale Law School alumni
University of the Pacific (United States) faculty
1970 births
American legal scholars


The Football Conference season of 1999–2000 was the twenty-first season of the Football Conference, also known as the Nationwide Conference for sponsorship reasons.

Changes since the previous season
 Altrincham (promoted 1998–99)
 Nuneaton Borough (promoted 1998–99)
 Scarborough (relegated from the Football League 1998–99)
 Sutton United (promoted 1998–99)

Locations

Final league table

Results

Top scorers in order of league goals

 Footballtransfers.co.uk, thefootballarchives.com and Soccerbase contain information on many playerson whom there is not yet an article in Wikipedia.
Source:

References

External links
 Official Football Conference Website
 1999-00 Conference National Results

1999-2000
5
English


Swiss Sikhs are a small religious minority in Switzerland. It is estimated that there are 1,000 Sikhs in Switzerland. There are four Gurdwaras.

Migration
The number of Sikhs had been higher in the mid-1980s, caused by the presence of some 3,000 Sikh asylum seekers.

Gurdwaras
Gurdwara Sahib, Langenthal. This gurdwara, first begun in 1996, was finished in 2006. It is the first Sikh shrine in Switzerland built in the traditional Sikh style
Gurdwara Guru Nanak Sabha, Jean Antoine Gautier 11,1201 Geneva. http://www.sikhgurdwarageneva.ch/
Gurudwara Sikh Gemeinde Schweiz Däniken

Gurdwara Sahib Zürich, Vorbuchenstrasse 13, 8303 Bassersdorf Switzerland

References


Tod Wodicka (born May 30, 1976) is an American author who grew up in Queensbury, New York. He has lived in Manchester, England; Prague; Rock City Falls; and Moscow. He currently lives in Berlin, Germany.

He graduated from the University of Manchester in the UK.

Work

Novels

All Shall Be Well; And All Shall Be Well; And All Manner of Things Shall Be Well
His critically acclaimed first novel, All Shall Be Well; And All Shall Be Well; And All Manner of Things Shall Be Well has been translated into German, Spanish and Dutch. (The title is a quotation from the Christian mystic Julian of Norwich, also quoted by T. S. Eliot in his poem Little Gidding.) The novel was short-listed for the 2008 Believer Book Award. The novel was published by Pantheon Books (US) and Jonathan Cape (UK); and Vintage Books paperback (US & UK).

All Shall Be Well; And All Shall Be Well; And All Manner of Things Shall Be Well tells the story of Burt Hecker, a medieval re-enactor from upstate New York who travels to Prague to find his estranged son Tristan. The book is a darkly comic story about Burt's devotion to another time and his doomed attempts at coming to terms with his own history.

The Household Spirit
His second novel, The Household Spirit, was published by Pantheon Books (US) and Jonathan Cape (UK) in June 2015. The Household Spirit is about the curious friendship between Howie Jeffries, a shy, 50-year-old recluse and Emily Phane, an irreverent young woman who suffers from horrific sleep paralysis attacks. It takes place in Queens Falls, the same fictional upstate New York town Wodicka wrote about in All Shall Be Well; And All Shall Be Well; And All Manner of Things Shall Be Well. The novel was awarded a Kirkus Star and was critically acclaimed in The New Yorker, The Financial Times, Esquire Magazine, The Sunday Times, Artforum, Tank Magazine and The Independent.

Other work
Tod Wodicka's essays, criticism and fiction has appeared in The Guardian, Granta, Tank (magazine), New Statesman, South as a State of Mind, AnOther Magazine, The National, Art Papers, BBC Radio 4 and BBC Radio 3. He wrote the afterword to David Tibet of Current 93's art book, Some Gnostic Cartoons. He has been a resident at Yaddo; a literary fellow at the Akademie Schloss Solitude in Stuttgart, Germany; and a writer in residence at Het beschrijf at Passa Porta in Belgium.

Bibliography

External links

Selected Essays

 (on the new behavioral traditions of the Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild)
 (on Travel Writing & the End of the World)
 (on Travel Writing & Vengeance & Elton John's house)
 (a musical playlist for "The Household Spirit")
 (on almost dying from a pimple in a Czech hospital)
 (On exploring the comments section of adult websites)
 (on being trapped in Germany, his young son and Brideshead Revisited)
 (on Philip Roth's Nathan Zuckerman novels)
 (on pirates, mustaches and discovering his father's homosexuality)

Radio
 BBC Radio 3 The Essay  (on suffering from Sleep Paralysis and possibly having magical powers and/or mental illness)
 WAMC Northeast Public Radio (Interview about the novel, "The Household Spirit")
 BBC World Service - Outlook- radio program (a reading by and interview with Tod Wodicka)
 BBC Radio 4 Short Story  (on dark alcoholic fun in Albany, New York airport hotels)

Interviews
 BBC World Service
 WAMC Northeast Public Radio
 ExBerliner 2015
 Der Freitag (Interview in German.)
 ExBerliner 2011
 Das Fragebuch / The Question Book

Reviews of All Shall Be Well; And All Shall Be Well; And All Manner of Things Shall Be Well

Reviews of The Household Spirit
 The New Yorker
 The Independent (Wodicka uses two characters’ incompatibility to his advantage, creating a dialogue of disorientation and a plot which slips seamlessly between points of view.)
 Kirkus Reviews (Starred: Wodicka’s fluid, expressive prose—dotted with quotable observations often as odd as his players—serves well his weaving of such a convincing, unexpected story from eccentricity, pain, and need.)
 The Sunday Times
 Financial Times

Notes

21st-century American novelists
American male novelists
1976 births
Living people
People from Glens Falls, New York
People from Queensbury, New York
21st-century American male writers
Novelists from New York (state)
Alumni of the University of Manchester


The Archeparchy of Hajdúdorog () is a Hungarian Greek Catholic Church archeparchy of the Catholic Church that is in full communion with the Holy See. The archeparchy is the metropolitan see of its ecclesiastical province which covers the whole of Hungary. The archeparch (equivalent to an archbishop in the Latin Church) is also, ex officio, the metropolitan bishop of the metropolis. The cathedral church of the archeparchy is the Cathedral of the Presentation of Mary in the city of Hajdúdorog.

History
On 8 June 1912, it was established as Eparchy (Eastern Catholic diocese) of Hajdúdorog, on territory formerly belonging to the Metropolitan Archeparchy of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia, the Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Prešov, the Latin Metropolitan Archdiocese of Esztergom (Hungary), the Eparchies of Gherla, Armenopoli and Szamos-Ujvár, Mukachevo and Oradea Mare.

According to Austro-Hungarian authorities, a bomb sent by Ilie Cătărău exploded on 23 February 1914 at the palace of the new Eparchy of Hajdúdorog; 3 people were killed and over 20 wounded.

On 9 April 1934, the eparchy lost territory to Metropolitanate sui juris of Făgăraş and Alba Iulia and Eparchies of Maramureş and Oradea Mare (in Romania) and on 5 March 2011 lost more territory to the pre-existing, also Hungarian (Greek) Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Miskolc.

On 20 March 2015, it was elevated to Archeparchy and Metropolitanate sui juris, with two simultaneously created suffragan Eparchies comprised in its new province:
 the Eparchy of Nyíregyháza (Hungarian Greek Catholic Church), split from Hajdúdorog's former territory
 the Eparchy of Miskolc, promoting the former Apostolic Exarchate of Miskolc to diocesan rank.

Special churches
 Cathedral : Istenszülő templomba vezetése Görög katolikus székesegyház, in Hajdúdorog
 Minor Basilica : Görög Katolikus Lelkészi Hivatal Kegytemplom, in Máriapócs, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg

List of eparchs
 Eparchs (Bishops) of Hajdúdorog (Byzantine Rite)
 Antal Papp (1912 – 1913), Apostolic Administrator
 István Miklósy (23 June 1913 – 30 October 1937)
 Miklós Dudás, O.S.B.M.  (25 March 1939 – 15 July 1972)
 Imre Timkó (7 January 1975 – 30 March 1988)
 Szilárd Keresztes (30 June 1988 – 10 November 2007; previously Auxiliary Bishop and Titular Bishop of Chunavia 7 January 1975 – 30 June 1988)
 the above Szilárd Keresztes as Apostolic Administrator 10 November 2007 – 5 February 2008)
 Bishop Péter Fülöp Kocsis (5 February 2008 – 20 March 2015 - see below)

 Archeparchs (Archbishops) of Hajdúdorog (Byzantine Rite)
 Archbishop Péter Fülöp Kocsis (see above - 20 March 2015 – present)

See also
 Roman Catholicism in Hungary

References

Sources and external links
 GCatholic.org, with biography links from incumbent (arch)bishops
 Catholic Hierarchy
Véghseő Tamás: Our Paths. Byzantine Rite Catholics in Hungary

Eastern Catholic dioceses in Hungary
Hungarian Greek Catholic Church
Christian organizations established in 1912
1912 establishments in Austria-Hungary


Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus, the Ventura marsh milk-vetch, is a short-lived, herbaceous perennial in the pea family Fabaceae,

Description
Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus has dense clusters of small light yellow flowers. It has silvery white, pinnately compound leaves and flowers from June through October. The species was listed as endangered in 2001 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Distribution
Historically, Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus or Ventura marsh milk-vetch occurred in back dune habitat and coastal meadows, and near coastal salt marshes from Ventura County to Orange County. Over the last century seven historical occurrences were known to exist.

The species was extirpated from these sites and was therefore thought to be extinct until it was rediscovered in June 1997 by a USFWS biologist at a proposed development site. It had only been seen twice in the last century. Today, only this one population is known to exist near the City of Oxnard in Ventura County, all within a  area (less than 0.6 of an acre). The population occurs on disturbed coastal backdunes at the edge of the Oxnard Plain on fill material at a closed oil-waste dump site.

Conservation
Since 1997 between 192 and 374  individual plants have been observed on the site. Most of these individuals are seedlings or small juveniles. Southern California coastal wetland habitats have declined by 80–90% and those remaining are frequently degraded. Very little is known about the ecological requirements of this species.

This only known population of Ventura marsh milk-vetch is threatened by predation and potential habitat modification and may be susceptible to alterations in its hydrologic regime and competition from non-native plant species.

The California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) (now California Department of Fish and Wildlife - CDFW) is working closely with the landowner, the USFWS and other interested parties to identify areas that may be suitable for introducing Ventura marsh milk-vetch as part of recovery for the species. Greenhouse studies on this species are ongoing, as well as research to learn more about the ecological requirements of this species.

In late 1998, David Magney, on behalf of the California Native Plant Society, submitted a petition to the California Fish and Game Commission to list the Ventura Marsh Milkvetch as an endangered species pursuant to the California Endangered Species Act.  The petition was accepted as complete and the variety was formally listed as Endangered by the California Fish and Game Commission in 2000.  It was subsequently formally listed by the USFWS as Endangered pursuant to the federal Endangered Species Act in 2001.

References

External links
 ILDIS LegumeWeb
 U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service

pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus
Endemic flora of California
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of Ventura County, California
Oxnard, California
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Morris Park Racecourse was an American thoroughbred horse racing facility from 1889 to 1904. It was located in a part of Westchester County, New York that was annexed into the Bronx in 1895 and later developed as the neighborhood of Morris Park. The racecourse was the site of the Belmont Stakes from 1890 through 1904 as well as the Preakness Stakes in 1890.

History
Morris Park Racecourse was conceived and built by majority shareholder John Albert Morris as a result of the planned closure of the nearby Jerome Park Racetrack, where racing ended in 1894 to make way for the Jerome Park Reservoir. Principal owner John Morris had extensive business interests in Louisiana and the prominent New York businessman and horseracing enthusiast Leonard W. Jerome served as the racecourse's president. African-American Racing Hall of Fame jockey Isaac Murphy rode on opening day at the new facility—August 20, 1889—and Morris Park was described as "the finest race track in the world." Accessible by horse and buggy, the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad added a short spur from its main line near the Van Nest station that brought racing fans directly to the new race track from the greater New York City area.

The track held the USA Cross Country Championships from 1890 to 1892 and 1897 to 1898.

On June 10, 1890, Morris Park Racecourse hosted both the Preakness and Belmont Stakes. While the Preakness Stakes was canceled for three years then restarted in 1894 at Gravesend Race Track on Coney Island, the Belmont Stakes was held at Morris Park until it moved to Belmont Park on Long Island in 1905. During this same period of 1890 through 1904, the Champagne Stakes and the Ladies Handicap were also raced here. The Metropolitan Handicap was inaugurated here in 1891 as was the Matron Stakes the following year.

A few days before he died in May 1895, John Morris leased the racecourse, with an option to purchase, to the Westchester Racing Association. Although the 1½ mile racecourse was modified to a one-mile circuit to allow for better spectator viewing, a lack of patronage by high society members meant the clubhouse was usually empty. By 1902, the decline in attendance resulted in the decision to close Morris Park Racecourse.
The final day of races was held on October 15, 1904, and racing shifted to the new Belmont Park the following year.

After its closure, the Morris Park Racecourse was used for automobile racing but a few years later the Morris heirs sold the property to real estate developers. The new owners ran into financial problems which resulted in the track being taken over by the City of New York in 1907. The city then leased it for two years to the Aeronautic Society of New York who hosted the first public air show on the grounds. In June 1909, Glenn H. Curtiss put on a flying exhibition at Morris Park.

On April 10, 1910 a fire ravaged much of the stables and nearby facilities. Three years later the property was auctioned off to developers who would subdivide the land into building lots. As late as 1921 the clubhouse was still intact when it was sold as part of a 14-lot package to a company who converted it for use as a factory to manufacture ornamental iron.

Physical attributes
Morris Park Racecourse was situated in the area bounded on the south by Sackett Avenue and by what is today the Amtrak Northeast Corridor railroad right-of-way, on the east by Williamsbridge Road, on the west by what is now Bronxdale Road, and on the north by Pelham Parkway. The grandstand stood at the intersection of Bogart and Fowler Avenues and the clubhouse was near the intersection of Fowler and Van Nest Avenues.

The racetrack covered  and had a grandstand  long that could accommodate up to 15,000 attendees. The main track had circumference of , with a stretch that was  long and widened from  at the top of the homestretch to  at the finish line. The north end of the track was located on a hill so horses had to run uphill on the backstretch and downhill on the homestretch. A chute on the main track permitted races of  to be run with one turn. Another track called the Eclipse course ran diagonally across the main track on a straightaway of , joining the main track at its finish line. It was named after Eclipse, a horse owned by Francis Morris. A six furlongs race on the Eclipse course was nicknamed the "Toboggan Slide" and continues to be run today at Aqueduct Racetrack as the Toboggan Handicap. The stables at Morris Park Racecourse held a total of 1,000 stalls, more than any two of the other American racetracks combined.

Thoroughbred stakes races at Morris Park

Belmont Stakes (1890–1904)
Belle Meade Stakes
Bouquet Stakes
Champagne Stakes
Dixiana Stakes
Eclipse Stakes
Hurricana Stakes
Ladies Handicap
Laureate Stakes
Manhattan Handicap
Metropolitan Handicap
Matron Stakes
Municipal Handicap
New Rochelle Handicap
New York Jockey Club Handicap
Pocantico Handicap
Rancho Del Paso Stakes
Toboggan Slide
White Plains Handicap

Other defunct New York race tracks
 Brighton Beach Race Course
 Fleetwood Park Racetrack
 Gravesend Race Track
 Jamaica Race Course
 Jerome Park Racetrack
 Roosevelt Raceway
 Sheepshead Bay Race Track
 Union Course

See also
 1905 Morris Park 5

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links
 East Bronx History Forum

Defunct horse racing venues in New York City
Cross country running courses in New York (state)
Sports venues in the Bronx
1889 establishments in New York (state)
History of the Bronx
Morris Park, Bronx
Sports venues completed in 1889
1904 disestablishments in New York (state)
Defunct speedway venues in the United States


The Westfalenliga (formerly the ) is the second highest amateur football league in the region of Westphalia which is part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the sixth tier of the German football league system. It operates in two groups which run parallel below the Oberliga Westfalen. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fifth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fourth tier.

Overview
The league was formed as a tier-three league under the name Verbandsliga Westfalen in two groups of 16 clubs in 1956 to provide a more streamlined top level for the regional football governing body, the Westphalian Football Association. In earlier years, the Landesliga Westfalen, operated in five groups, was the highest levels of football in the region. The Landesliga still remains as the tier below the Verbandsliga until today.

Despite being operated in two groups, called Nordost or (Gruppe 1) and Südwest or (Gruppe 2), the Verbandsliga Westfalen has to be seen as one league with two regional groups as clubs have been moved frequently between groups, according to geographical needs. The administration and history of the two groups have always been closely tied.

In the early years, the league held a championship series between the two group winners for the title of Westphalian champions at the end of the season. The winner of this series however was not automatically the team promoted to the tier-two 2. Oberliga West. Instead, promotion was determined by a series of games involving the two Verbandsliga Westfalen group winners as well as the champions of the Verbandsliga Niederrhein and Verbandsliga Mittelrhein. This championship series was abandoned after the Oberliga Westfalen was introduced in 1978 as a highest league for the region.

With the introduction of the Bundesliga in 1963, the Verbandsliga came a feeder the also new implemented Regionalliga West but remained, unchanged otherwise, as the third tier of the league system. The same applied when the Regionalliga was replaced by the 2nd Bundesliga Nord in 1974. The league champions however now had to gain promotion through a play-off system with the winners of the other tier-three leagues in northern Germany.

In 1978, the Amateur-Oberliga Westfalen was formed as the third tier of football in Westfalen. One of the main reasons for this move was to provide direct promotion for the tier-three champions again. The clubs placed one to nine in each Verbandsliga group were admitted to the new Oberliga. The Verbandsliga became the feeder league for the new Oberliga, but now as a tier-four competition. Both champions, and some years one or both runners-up, were directly promoted to Oberliga. With the re-introduction of the Regionalligen in 1994, the league slipped to tier-five but remained unchanged otherwise.

In 2008, with the introduction of the 3. Liga, the Verbandsliga was downgraded to the sixth tier. Also, the league now became a feeder to the new founded NRW-Liga, a merger of the Oberliga Nordrhein and the Oberliga Westfalen. The champions of both Verbandsliga groups were still directly promoted. Promotions for the runners-up was abolished due to the merger. The league also changed their name to Westfalenliga.

In 2012 the Oberliga Westfalen was reintroduced as the league above the Westfalenliga, replacing the NRW-Liga again. The number of Landesligas below the Westfalenliga was also reduced from five to four.

League champions
From 1957 to 1978 a championship decider was played to determine the Westfalen champion, usually played on home-and-away base with a third game if necessary. Some seasons however, there was only one game, on neutral ground and in 1966 and 1968 no games were played.

 Promoted teams in bold.
 In 1965, VfL Bochum won by coin flip.
 In 1966 and 1968, no champion was determined; in 1967 the contest was drawn.
 In 1969, SpVgg Erkenschwick, runners-up of Group 1, was also promoted.

With the introduction of the Oberliga Westfalen in 1978, the winner of this league was the official champion of Westfalen, deciders between the two Verbandsliga champions were therefore unnecessary. League winners were automatically promoted, some seasons the runners-up too.

 In 2006, DSC Wanne-Eickel was refused promotion.
 In 2012, because of the recreation of the Oberliga Westfalen, Hammer SpVgg, FC Gütersloh 2000, SC Roland Beckum, 1. FC Gievenbeck, SuS Neuenkirchen, SpVgg Erkenschwick, TuS Heven, TuS Ennepetal and TSG Sprockhövel were also promoted.
 In 2021, the season curtailed and annulled during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

References

Sources
 Deutschlands Fußball in Zahlen,  An annual publication with tables and results from the Bundesliga to Verbandsliga/Landesliga, publisher: DSFS
 Kicker Almanach,  The yearbook on German football from Bundesliga to Oberliga, since 1937, published by the Kicker Sports Magazine
 Die Deutsche Liga-Chronik 1945-2005  History of German football from 1945 to 2005 in tables, publisher: DSFS, published: 2006

External links
 Das deutsche Fussball Archiv  Historic German league tables
 Westfalen Football Association (FLVW)

Verbandsliga
Football competitions in North Rhine-Westphalia
1956 establishments in Germany
Sports leagues established in 1956


Several ships have borne the name Black Joke, after an English song of the same name.

Slave ship
 , made three voyages as a slave ship between 1764 and 1767.

Naval vessels
 , the captured slave ship Henriquetta, commissioned in 1827, was employed in suppressing the slave trade and deliberately burnt as no longer serviceable in 1832 on orders from London.
  was a hired armed cutter of ten 6-pounder guns and  tons (bm) that served from 12 January 1795 to 19 October 1801. In 1799 she was renamed Suworow (or Suwarrow or Soworrow). Reportedly she burned in 1802.
  was a hired armed lugger of ten 12-pounder carronades and  tons (bm) that entered naval service on 22 May 1808. On 1 July 1810 the French captured Black Joke in the Channel.

These two hired vessels may have been the same. In his narrative of his voyages in the Mediterranean between 1810 and 1814, Charles Robert Cockerell reports that the lugger was an old vessel, having been at the Battle of Camperdown, which is consistent with the earliest mentions of the cutter.

Other ships
 Burla Negra ("Black Joke") was the ship of the pirate Benito de Soto.
 "Black Joke" was also a nickname for the English privateer Liverpool Packet, that operated during the War of 1812, capturing 50 American vessels.
Furthermore, there was a lugger Black Joke that received a letter of marque on 5 May 1801. She was of 25 tons burthen, had two 2-pounder guns and was under the command of Captain Phillip Dupont.

Citations

References
Cockerell, Charles Robert (1903) Travels in southern Europe and the Levant, 1810-1817. The journal of C.R. Cockerell. (London, New York, Longmans, Green, and Co.).

Ship names


Governor's Bridge (formerly known as Heywood's Bridge or the Deemster's Bridge) is a hairpin bend adjacent to a road junction on the primary A18 Mountain Road in the parish of Onchan in the Isle of Man, with a sudden drop in elevation leading to Governor's Dip, followed by a left-hand bend and finally a right exiting on to the main Glencrutchery Road.

The Governor's Bridge road junction and hairpin bend are part of the Snaefell Mountain Course used since 1920 for the Isle of Man TT and from 1923 for the Manx Grand Prix Races. This junction was part of the Clypse Course for the TT races between 1954 and 1959. It is also part of the Willaston Circuit used for cycle racing, classic car racing and used as part of a timed special stage for the Rally Isle of Man.

For the 1920 Isle of Man TT Races, changes were made to the Mountain Course and competitors then turned left at Hillberry, continuing uphill at Cronk-ny-Mona following the primary A18 Mountain Road to Governor's Bridge, with a new start/finish line on Glencrutchery Road which lengthened the course to 37¾ miles.

This included the creation of a new link road at Governor's Bridge on the primary A2 Ramsey to Douglas Road between the road junction of the newly created A18 Bemahague road (from Governor's Bridge to Signpost Corner), the A2 Governor's Road/Glencrutchery Road and Victoria Road in Douglas. The new A2 link road effectively redirected the main road traffic and created the Governor's Dip bends off the primary A2 road which was used as part of the Snaefell Mountain Course for motor-cycle racing. The new link road also created a small wooded glen on the site which is known for its distinctive horse-chestnut trees.

For the 1954 Isle of Man TT races, the approach to Governor's Bridge on the A18 Bemahague Road was widened with the removal of a grass bank to facilitate turning of the wider sidecar outfits in the re-introduced Sidecar TT on the Clypse Course.

During October 2007 the Isle of Man Department of Transport began road widening at Braddan Bridge, further around the Mountain Course exiting Douglas, additionally creating a roundabout. The Department of Transport also announced a proposal to build a new section of road for the Mountain Course with a link road from Signpost Corner to Governor's Bridge using the pre-existing A18 Bemahague Road. This road widening scheme occurred between February and April 2008, with the removal of trees on the Bemahague Estate (which includes Government House, the official residence of the Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man) and the creation of a small mini-roundabout. Further work by the Isle of Man Department of Transport in July and September 2008 included the installation of a storm drain and the completion of the mini-roundabout.

The Isle of Man TT Races and Manx Grand Prix continue to use the original A18 Bemahague Road (designated as Old Bemahague Road which runs parallel to the new link road) and the Governor's Dip for motorcycle racing, avoiding the new road sections.

Sources

External links
 Images of alterations to Governors Bridge area as approached from The Nook (clickable thumbnails)
 Competitor Guide Sections Signpost Corner to Grandstand with Steve Hislop, 11 times TT winner
 TT Spectator Guide Section Creg-ny-Baa to Governor's Bridge
 Map of course

Governor's Bridge


Major General Jaganath Rao Bhonsle, also known as Jagannathrao Krishnarao Bhonsle (20 April 1906 – 14 May 1963) was an Indian military officer, independence activist, and politician. As a member of the Indian National Army, Bhonsle served as the Azad Hind's minister for armed forces in the Azad Hind. After the war, he was a minister and MP in India after independence.

Bhonsle was born in the village of Tiroda in Maharashtra, then part of the Bombay Presidency of the British Raj, and was a member of the Tirodkar Bhonsle royal family. He graduated from the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College at Dehradun in 1926 and then went to the Royal Military College Sandhurst, where on 2 February 1928 he was commissioned as a second lieutenant. He then spent a year attached to a British Army regiment in India before posting to his permanent British Indian Army unit on 12 April 1929, which was the 5th Royal Battalion of 5th Mahratta Light Infantry. He was promoted to lieutenant on 2 May 1930, and to captain on 2 February 1937. He fought at the Battle of Singapore and was taken as a prisoner of war after the Fall of Singapore.

He was one of the first volunteers to the First Indian National Army led by Mohan Singh, where was appointed as commander of the Hindustan Field Force. After this army collapsed due to disagreements with the Japanese, the Indian Independence League placed the remains of it under Mohammed Zaman Kiani as Army Commander and  Bhonsle as Director of the Military Bureau, which was in charge of the general policy and finances of the INA. After the formation of the second Indian National Army in 1943, led by Subhas Chandra Bose, Bhonsle became Chief of Staff and served in this position until the end of the war. When Bose flew to Tokyo in August 1945, Bhonsle was left in charge of the INA in Bangkok, where he was captured by British forces. After the fall of Japan in 1945, Bhonsle returned to Bombay, and founded the Indian Ex-Services Organisation, an organisation for Indian veterans of the World Wars. He would serve as its President until he was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1951.

Following Indian independence in 1947, Bhonsle was appointed Minister for Rehabilitation by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, helping Hindu immigrants from the newly-founded Pakistan find life in India. Working for the rehabilitation of the Sindhi migrant community, he was honoured by the Sindhi community and thanked for his work in an open letter. Bhonsle was also elected as Member of Parliament with a 40,940-vote landslide in the first Lok Sabha election, serving the Ratnagiri North electoral district of Bombay. He was the main proponent of the National Service Scheme, although he never lived to see it, for he would die 6 years before its establishment in 1969.

Notes

References
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .

1906 births
1963 deaths
Azad Hind
British Indian Army officers
Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
India MPs 1952–1957
Indian National Army personnel
Rashtriya Indian Military College alumni
Union deputy ministers of India


Prospect Quarry is a  Site of special scientific interest which is located north-west of the village of Shalcombe located close to the south-west coast of the Isle of Wight. The site was notified in 1971 for both its biological and geological features.

References

Natural England citation sheet

Sites of Special Scientific Interest on the Isle of Wight
Shalfleet


Vernon "Geater" Davis (January 29, 1946 – September 29, 1984) was an American soul singer and songwriter.  He has been described as "one of the South's great lost soul singers, an impassioned stylist whose voice was a combination of sweetness and sandpaper grit."

Life and career
Davis was born in Kountze, Texas, the youngest of five children born to the late DeWitt and Cornella Davis (1908–1996).  In the late 1960s he was heard performing, along with Reuben Bell, by record producer Allen Orange.  Orange arranged for them to record in Birmingham, Alabama, and started his own House of Orange label to release their output.  Geater's first release, "Sweet Woman's Love", in 1970, reached # 45 on the Billboard R&B chart.  His follow-up singles on the House of Orange label, including "I Can Hold My Own" and "Best Of Luck To You", were less commercially successful, but he recorded an album, Sweet Woman's Love, which is now considered a classic of the deep soul genre.  He often wrote or co-wrote his own material.

After Orange closed his label in 1972, Davis recorded for the Luna label, and then for John Richbourg's 77 label, where several of his recordings such as "I'm Gonna Change" and "A Whole Lot Of Man" were made at the FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals. His 1973 single, "Your Heart Is So Cold" reached # 64 on the R&B chart. During his career, Davis was often compared to fellow blues singer, and good friend, Bobby Blue Bland, because of their similar voice and vocal styling, but Davis' vocals were heavier and darker in tone. Also, Davis played guitar in the studio, as well as live, something Bland did not do. However, Davis' records did not generally sell well, despite heavy touring on the blues and chitlin circuits. He recorded for the Ace label in the mid 1970s, and later issued some disco singles on the revitalised House Of Orange label.  In 1981 he joined the MT label run by James Bennett in Jackson, Mississippi, which issued several singles and an album, Better Days.

Davis died of a heart attack in Dallas, Texas in 1984 at the age of 38. Leaving behind his wife Lula Davis his two daughters Vernecia Davis, Laquita Davis and stepdaughter Sandra Darby in 1985, as a tribute to his friend, Bobby Blue Bland re-recorded two of Davis' most popular tracks on his Members Only album, Sweet Woman's Love, and I've Just Got To Know.

In 1998, West Side Records released Sadder Shades of Blue: The Southern Soul Sessions 1971–76, a compilation covering most of his recordings other than those for House of Orange.  His remaining material, I'll Play The Blues For You: The Legendary House Of Orange Sessions, was released in 2008.

Discography

Singles
 Sweet Woman's Love / Don't Marry A Fool (House Of Orange 2401, 1970)
 My Love Is So Strong For You / I Can Hold My Own (House Of Orange 2402, 1971)
 For Your Precious Love* / Wrapped Up In You (House Of Orange 2405, 1971)
 Best Of Luck To You / I Know (My Baby Loves Me) (House Of Orange 2407, 1971)
 I'm Gonna Change / I've Got To Pay The Price (Luna 801, 1972)
 Don't Walk Off (And Leave Me) / I Don't Worry (About Jody) (Luna 804, 1972)
 Long Cold Winter / Why Does It Hurt So Bad (Seventy Seven 124, 1973)
 Your Heart Is So Cold / You Made Your Bed Hard (Seventy Seven 130, 1973)
 I'm Gonna Change / I've Got To Pay The Price (Seventy Seven 136, 1973)
 Nice and Easy / Strange Sensation (Ace 3006, 1974)
 I’ll Play the Blues for You / My Love is So Strong for You (Odds and Ends 7600, 1975)
 Tired of Busting My Brain / There's Got to Be Some Changes Made (Ace 3019, 1976)
 Cold Love / Short version (House of Orange 2410, 1977)
 Disco Music / I’ll Play the Blues for You (House of Orange 79100, 1979)
 Wherever You Are / Pt 2 (Sun Belt 7179, 1979)
 Right Back For More / Pt 2 (MT 001, 1981)
 I'll Take Care of You / Right Back For More (MT 002, 1981)
 Booty Music / Breath Taking Girl (House of Orange 2615, 1982)
 Don't Give Up / Better Days (MT 005, 1983)
 Baby Love / Go Your Way (MT 007, 1983)

Albums
Sweet Woman’s Love (House of Orange 6000, 1971)
Better Days (MT LP 0001, 1983)

References

American soul musicians
Musicians from Texas
1946 births
1984 deaths
20th-century American musicians
People from Kountze, Texas


The Diocese of Székesfehérvár () is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Székesfehérvár in the ecclesiastical province of Esztergom-Budapest in Hungary.

History
 16 June 1777: Established as Diocese of Székesfehérvár from the Diocese of Veszprém and Diocese of Győr by Queen Maria Theresa

Special churches
Basilica: Cathedral Basilica of St. Stephen the King, Székesfehérvár

Leadership
 2003– Antal Spányi (1950)
 1991–2003 Jusztin Nándor Takács (1927–2016)
 1982–1991 Gyula Szakos (1916–1992)
 1968–1982 Imre Kisberk (1906–1982)
 1927–1968 Lajos Shvoy (1879–1968)
 1905–1927 Ottokár Prohászka (1858–1927)
 1901–1905 Gyula Városy (1846–1910)
 1890–1900 Fülöp Steiner (1830–1900)
 1878–1889 János Pauer (1814–1889)
 1875–1877 Nándor Dulánszky (1829–1896)
 1867–1874 Vince Jekelfalussy (1802–1874)
 1851–1866 Imre Farkas (1788–1866)
 1848 Antal Karner (1794–1856)
 1837–1847 László Barkóczy (1792–1847)
 1830–1835 János Horváth (1769–1835)
 1827–1830 Pál Mátyás Szusits (1767–1834)
 1821–1825 József Kopácsy (1775–1847)
 1816–1820 József Vurum (1763–1838)
 1790–1811 Bertalan Miklós Milassin (1736–1811)
 1777–1789 Ignác Nagy (1733–1789)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Hungary

References

Sources
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy

External links

1770s establishments in the Habsburg monarchy
18th-century establishments in Hungary
Dioceses established in the 18th century
Religious organizations established in 1777
Roman Catholic dioceses in Hungary
Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Esztergom–Budapest
Székesfehérvár


"This Is the Way" is a song by Swedish musician Bo Martin Erik Erikson, known under the pseudonym of E-Type. It features vocals by Swedish singer Nana Hedin and was released in 1994 as the second single from his debut album, Made in Sweden (1994). The single reached number-one in Sweden, and also peaked at number four in Denmark and number 18 in Finland. In France, it reached number 14 and remained for twenty weeks in the top 50. On the Eurochart Hot 100, the song peaked at number 40 in November 1994. Outside Europe, it reached number 15 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart. E-Type won the prize for Best Swedish Dance Track 1996 at the 1997 Swedish Dance Music Awards with "This Is the Way".

Music video
The accompanying music video of "This Is the Way" was directed by Swedish-based director Matt Broadley.

Track listings
 CD single
 "This Is the Way" (radio edit) – 3:54
 "This Is the Way" (waterdreamix) – 6:50

 CD maxi
 "This Is the Way" (radio edit) – 3:54
 "This Is the Way" (waterdreamix) – 6:50
 "This Is the Way" (extended) – 6:44
 "Me No Want Miseria (Take Me to the End)" – 4:49

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

1994 singles
1994 songs
E-Type (musician) songs
FFRR Records singles
Music videos directed by Matt Broadley
Nana Hedin songs
Number-one singles in Sweden
Song recordings produced by Denniz Pop
Song recordings produced by Max Martin
Stockholm Records singles