In musical tuning systems, the hexany, invented by Erv Wilson, represents one of the simplest structures found in his combination product sets.

It is referred to as an uncentered structure, meaning that it implies no tonic. It achieves this by using consonant relations as opposed to the dissonance methods normally employed by atonality. While it is often and confusingly overlapped with the Euler–Fokker genus, the subsequent stellation of Wilson's combination product sets (CPS) are outside of that Genus. The Euler Fokker Genus fails to see 1 as a possible member of a set except as a starting point.  The numbers of vertices of his combination sets follow the numbers in Pascal's triangle. In this construction, the hexany is the third cross-section of the four-factor set and the first uncentered one. hexany is the name that Erv Wilson gave to the six notes in the 2-out-of-4 combination product set, abbreviated as 2*4 CPS.

Simply, the hexany is the 2 out of 4 set. It is constructed by taking any four factors and a set of two at a time, then multiplying them in pairs. For instance, the harmonic factors 1, 3, 5 and 7 are combined in pairs of 1*3, 1*5, 1*7, 3*5, 3*7, 5*7, resulting in 1, 3, 5, 7 Hexanies. The notes are usually octave shifted to place them all within the same octave, which has no effect on interval relations and the consonance of the triads. The possibility of an octave being a solution is not outside of Wilson's conception and is used in cases of placing larger combination product sets upon Generalized Keyboards.

The hexany can be thought of as analogous to the octahedron. The notes are arranged so that each point represents a pitch, each edge an interval and each face a triad. It thus has eight just intonation triads where each triad has two notes in common with three of the other chords. Each triad occurs just once with its inversion represented by the opposing 3 tones. The edges of the octahedron show musical intervals between the vertices, usually chosen to be consonant intervals from the harmonic series. The points represent musical notes, and the three notes that make each of the triangular faces represent musical triads. Wilson also pointed out and explored the idea of melodic Hexanies.

Tuning

This shows the three dimensional version of the hexany.

The hexany is the figure containing both the triangles shown as well as the connecting lines between them.

In this 2D construction the interval relationships are the same. See also figure two of Kraig Grady's paper.

For example, the face with vertices 3×5, 1×5, 5×7 is an otonal (major type) chord since it can be written as 5×(1, 3, 7), using low numbered harmonics. The 5×7, 3×7, 3×5 is a utonal (minor type) chord since it can be written as 3×5×7×(1/3, 1/5, 1/7), using low-numbered subharmonics.

To make this into a conventional harmonic construct with 1/1 as the first note, all the notes are first reduced to the octave. Since the harmonic construct as Erv called it as he did not consider it a scale and it does not have a 1/1 yet, any note chosen can be used to divide every note up to octave reduction. The ratios' notation here shows the ratios of the frequencies of the notes. If the 1/1 is 500 hertz, then 6/5 is 600 hertz, and so forth.

Relationship to Pascal's triangle

The complete row of Pascal's triangle for the hypercube in this construction runs 1 (single vertex), 4 (tetrahedron tetrad), 6 (hexany), 4 (another tetrad), 1. The idea generalises to other numbers of dimensions, for instance, the cross-sections of a five-dimensional cube give two versions of the dekany, a ten-note scale rich in tetrads, triads and dyads, which also contains many hexanies. In six dimensions the same construction gives the twenty-note eikosany, which is even richer in chords. It has pentads, tetrads, and triads as well as hexanies and dekanies.

In the case of the three-dimensional cube, it is usual to consider the entire cube as a single eight-note scale, the octany – the cross-sections then are 1, 3 (triad), 3 (another triad), 1, taken along any of the four main diagonals of the cube.

Coordinates for the Pascal's triangle of combination product sets

First row (square):
00
10 01
11

Second row :
000
100 010 001 triad (triangle)
110 101 011 triad (triangle)
111

Third row
0000
1000 0100 0010 0001 tetrad (tetrahedron or 3-simplex)
1100 1010 1001 0110 0101 0011 hexany (octahedron)
1110 1101 1011 0111 tetrad
1111

The octahedron there is the edge dual of the tetrahedron, or rectified tetrahedron

Fourth row
00000
10000 01000 00100 00010 00001 pentad (4-simplex or pentachoron – four-dimensional tetrahedron)
11000 10100 10010 10001 01100 01010 01001 00110 00101 00011 2)5 dekany (10 vertices, rectified 4-simplex)
00111 01011 01101 01110 10011 10101 10110 11001 11010 11100 3)5 dekany (10 vertices)
01111 10111 11011 11101 11110 pentad
11111

The rectified 4-simplex which is the mathematical name for the geometrical shape of the dekany is also known as the dispentachoron

Fifth row
000000
100000 010000 001000 000100 000010 000001 hexad (5-simplex or hexateron – five-dimensional tetrahedron)
110000 101000 100100 100010 100001 011000 010100 010010 010001 001100 001010 001001 000110 000101 000011 2)6 pentadekany (15 vertices, rectified  5-simplex)
111000 110100 110010 110001 101100 101010 101001 100110 100101 100011
011100 011010 011001 010110 010101 010011 001110 001101 001011 000111 eikosany (20 vertices birectified 5-simplex)
001111 010111 011011 011101 011110 100111 101011 101101 101110 110011 110101 110110 111001 111010 111100 4)6 pentadekany (15 vertices)
011111 101111 110111 111011 111101 111110 hexad
111111

The dekany is the edge dual of the 4-simplex. Similarly, the geometrical figure for the pentadekany is the edge dual of the 5-simplex. A dekany cam be made by joining together the midpoints of the edges of the 4-simplex, and similarly for the pentadekany and the 5-simplex.

Similarly the dekany vertices when scaled by 1/2 move to the midpoints of the 4-simplex edges, and the pentadekany vertices move to the midpoints of the 5-simplex edges, and so on in all higher dimensions.

The eikosany vertices when scaled by a 1/3 move to the centres of the 2D faces of the 5-simplex. In a 3D cube 111 when scaled by 1/3 moves to the midpoint of 100 010 001, where each edge vector subtends the same distance along the long diagonal of the cube. 11100 moves to the centre of the equilateral triangle with cords 10000 01000 00100 and similarly for all the other eikosany vertices.

The geometric figure for the eikosany is the face dual of the 5-simplex or birectified 5-simplex, the dual of its 2D faces, as it also has 3D and 4D facets.

It is a similar picture for the 3)7, 3)8 etc. figures in all higher dimensions.

Similarly in eight dimensions, the figure obtained from using all permutations of 4 out of 8 is the 3D face dual of the 7-simplex, or 3-rectified 7-simplex since 1111 scaled by 1/4 moves to the centre of the 3D regular tetrahedron face 1000 0100 0010 0001, and so on.

In music

Composers including Kraig Grady, Daniel James Wolf, and Joseph Pehrson have used pitch structures based on hexanies.

See also
Euler–Fokker genus

References

Further reading

  (see the Background section)

External links
"Some hexany and hexany Diamond Lattices (and Blanks)", The Wilson Archives. Original hexany papers showing different facets and configurations, not assembled by Erv Wilson (1967 on)
"The Wilson Archives", Anaphoria.com
"hexany", RobertInventor.com. With a hexany you can turn around and click on any of its vertices, edges, or faces to hear the chords.
"Combination-Product Set Patterns", Xenharmonikon IX (1986) by Kraig Grady.
"Eikosany Papers", Anaphoria.com.
"Musical Geometry", Music and Virtual Flowers. Intro. to musical geometry.
"The Tumbling Dekany", "Unusual musical scales", Dave Keenan's Home Page. Dave Keenan's Dekany tumbling in 4 dimensions — as a musical Excel spreadsheet

Multi-dimensional geometry
Just tuning and intervals
Hexatonic scales
Hexachords


Aubigné (; ; Gallo: Aubeinyae) is a commune located in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France.

Population

Inhabitants of Aubigné are called Aubinois in French.

See also
Communes of the Ille-et-Vilaine department

References
INSEE commune page

External links

Mayors of Ille-et-Vilaine Association

Communes of Ille-et-Vilaine


The 1991 FIVB Volleyball World League was the second edition of the annual men's international volleyball tournament, played by 10 countries from 17 May to 27 July 1991. The Final Round was held in Milan, Italy.

Pools composition

Intercontinental round

Pool A

Pool B

Final round
Venue:  Forum di Assago, Assago, Italy

Semifinals

3rd place match

Final

Final standing

Awards
 Most valuable player
  Andrea Zorzi
 Best spiker
  Ron Zwerver
 Best setter
  Shin Young-chul
 Best blocker
  Martin van der Horst
 Best server
  Ron Zwerver
 Best receiver
  Scott Fortune
 Best digger
  Scott Fortune

External links

1991 World League results

FIVB Volleyball World League
FIVB World League
Volleyball
1991 in Japanese sport


Sean Patrick Bowers (born August 12, 1968) is a retired U.S. soccer defender.  He spent most of his career playing indoor soccer, earning the 1992 NPSL Rookie of the Year, four-time Defender of the Year and a six-time first team All Star in four different indoor leagues.  He also played four seasons with the Kansas City Wizards in Major League Soccer.  He currently is the General Manager for the San Diego Sockers of the Professional Arena Soccer League.

High school and college
Bowers grew up in San Diego, California where he played his youth soccer with the San Diego Nomads.  He also played goalkeeper at Mira Mesa High School where he was two-time All City.  Following high school, he attended Miramar College for two years before finishing college at Quincy University in Quincy, Illinois.  He played soccer at both Miramar and Quincy.  In 1990, Bowers led Quincy in scoring, being named the team MVP.  He graduated in 1991 with a bachelor's degree in political science.

Player
In 1991, Bowers signed with the San Diego Sockers of the Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL).  While he played in the Sockers season opener, at some point he moved to the Detroit Rockers of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).  He was selected as the NPSL Rookie of the Year.  He remained with the Rockers until 1995, winning 1994 and 1995 Defender of the Year honors.  In addition to playing with the Rockers in 1993, Bowers also played a single season with the Sacramento Knights of the Continental Indoor Soccer League (CISL), a summer indoor league.  He was named CISL Defender of the Year.  In 1995 and 1996, he returned to the CISL, this time with the Anaheim Splash.  The Kansas City Wiz of the outdoor Major League Soccer selected Bowers in the third round (26th overall) in the 1996 MLS Inaugural Player Draft.  He played four seasons with the Wizards, serving as the team captain in 1999.  However, he continued to play indoor soccer, returning to the Detroit Rockers in 1997.  He played with the Rockers until 2001, when the team folded.  The Baltimore Blast selected Bowers in the dispersal draft.  That summer, the NPSL also gave way to the new Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL).  Bowers spent two season with the Blast, winning the 2003 league championship with them.  July 16, 2003, the Blast traded Bowers to the San Diego Sockers in exchange for Carlos Farias and the first and second picks in the 2003 Amateur Draft.  He played thirty-three games with the Sockers in 2003–2005, but only five games the next season before the Sockers folded.  Rather than pursuing his playing career further, Bowers elected to retire, settle in his hometown and pursue a coaching career.  In 2009, he joined the San Diego Sockers of the Professional Arena Soccer League.

Futsal
Beginning in 1996, Bowers became a regular part of the U.S. national futsal team.  Two years later, the team took third place in the Futsal Mundialito.  He earned a total of thirty-six caps, scoring five goals, with the U.S. from 1996 to 2004.

Coaching
In 1999, Bowers became an assistant coach with William Jewell College women's soccer team.  This was the start of his coaching career.  Bowers began coaching on the professional level with the Detroit Rockers in 2000–2001.  That season, he served as an assistant coach in addition to playing.  In 2001, he became the head coach with the Detroit Rocker Hawks, winners of the 2001 USASA Women's U.S. Open Cup.  In 2002, he became the interim head coach of the Baltimore Blast.  At the time, the Blast were at the bottom of the standings.  Bowers took them into the playoffs and the Blast ended up winning the MISL championship that season.  In 2003, the Blast traded Bowers to the San Diego Sockers.  When Bowers arrived in southern California, he became an assistant coach with the California Baptist University women's team from 2003 to 2005.  He was elevated to the position of head coach in 2006, taking them to an end of season ranking of ninth in the NAIA.  He also was named the head coach of the San Diego SeaLions of the Women's Premier Soccer League (WPSL) in 2006.  That year the SeaLions went to the WPSL semifinals.  On March 27, 2007, Miramar College announced the creation of a women's soccer team with Bowers as its coach.

Honors
Rookie of the Year
NPSL: 1991–1992

Defender of the Year
NPSL: 1994, 1995
CISL: 1993
MISL II: 2002

First Team All Star
NPSL: 1993, 1995
CISL: 1993, 1995
MISL II: 2002, 2003

References

External links
 Indoor soccer honors
 Southwest Soccer Club profile
 San Diego Sockers bio

1968 births
Living people
American men's futsal players
American soccer coaches
American men's soccer players
Anaheim Splash players
Baltimore Blast (2001–2008 MISL) players
Continental Indoor Soccer League players
Detroit Rockers players
Men's association football defenders
Sporting Kansas City players
Major League Soccer players
Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008) coaches
Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008) players
Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–1992) players
National Professional Soccer League (1984–2001) players
Major Arena Soccer League players
Quincy Hawks men's soccer players
Sacramento Knights players
San Diego Sockers (2001–2004) players
San Diego Sockers (1978–1996) indoor players
San Diego Sockers (2009) players
Soccer players from San Diego


Sadok Khalgui (born 6 November 1978) is a Tunisian former judoka.

Achievements

References

1978 births
Living people
Tunisian male judoka
Judoka at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Olympic judoka for Tunisia
Mediterranean Games bronze medalists for Tunisia
Mediterranean Games medalists in judo
Competitors at the 2001 Mediterranean Games
African Games medalists in judo
African Games bronze medalists for Tunisia
Competitors at the 1999 All-Africa Games
20th-century Tunisian people
21st-century Tunisian people


Jay Marchant (January 7, 1888 – June 14, 1962) was an American film director and actor of the silent era. He directed 22 films between 1921 and 1925, including five film serials for the Universal Film Manufacturing Company. He was born in Tripp County, South Dakota and died in Los Angeles County, California.

Selected filmography
 King of the Circus (1920)
 Do or Die (1921)
 Perils of the Yukon (1922)
 The Ghost City (1923)
 The Iron Man (1924)
 The Great Circus Mystery (1925)
 The Fighting Ranger (1925)
 The Great Sensation (1925)

External links

1888 births
1962 deaths
American film directors
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
20th-century American male actors
Male actors from South Dakota


Despite a reportedly low crime rate in China, crime still occurs in various forms. The Chinese government does not release exact unified statistics on crime rates and the rate of criminal offending due to such information being considered  politically sensitive. Scarce official statistics released are the subject of much academic debate due to allegations of statistical fabrication, under-reporting and corruption. The illegal drug trade in China is a significant driver of violent crime, including murder. There is an increase in drug trafficking or drug addiction, that is why it is contributing to the increase in homicides.

History
A distinguishing feature of the Qin empire was its treatment of criminals: harsh but careful and fair. Succeeding dynasties moderated the law in various ways.  In Ming times, commercialization and urbanization meant that scams abounded. Fences who disposed of stolen goods thrived.
The People's Republic of China was established in 1949 and, from 1949 to 1956, underwent the process of transferring the means of production to common ownership. During this time, the new government worked to decrease the influence of criminal gangs and reduce the prevalence of narcotics and gambling. Efforts to crack down on criminal activity by the government led to a decrease in crime.

Between 1949 and 1956, larceny, arson, rape, murder, and robbery were major nonpolitical offenses. The majority of economic crimes were committed by business people who engaged in tax evasion, theft of public property, and bribery.

Government officials also engaged in illegal economic activity, which included improperly taking public property and accepting bribes. Between 1957 and 1965, rural areas experienced little reported crime. Crime rates increased later. The year 1981 represented a peak in reported crime. This may have been correlated to the economic reform in the late 1970s, which allowed some elements of a market economy and gave rise to an increase in economic activity. Below is a comparison of reported cases of crime from 1977 to 1988 (excluding economic crimes):

Crime by youth increased rapidly in the 1980s. Crime by youths consisted 60.2% of total crime in 1983, 63.3% in 1984, 71.4% in 1985, 72.4% in 1986, and 74.3% in 1987. The number of fleeing criminals increased over the years. Economic crimes have increased in recent years. From 1982 to 1988, the total number of economic crimes were 218,000.

In 1989, a total of 76,758 cases of economic offenses were registered, which included bribery, smuggling, and tax evasion. The changes in economic policy had an influence on the characteristics of criminality. Since the Second Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, crime has increased and diversified.

Crime by type

Murder
In 2011, the reported murder rate in China was 1.0 per 100,000 people, with 13,410 murders. The murder rate in 2018 was 0.5.  The reported murder rates have been criticized for under-reporting unsolved murders due to police salaries being based on the rate of solved cases.

Corruption

The PRC is a one-party state ruled by the Chinese Communist Party. Corruption exists in China, and the resulting costs to the economy are significant. Between 1978 and 2003, an estimated $50 billion was smuggled out of the country by corrupt officials.

Human trafficking

There are instances of human trafficking reported in China for various purposes. The majority of trafficking in PRC is internal, and this domestic trafficking is the most significant human trafficking problem in the country.

Domestic and transnational criminal organizations carry out sex trafficking in China. Women are lured through false promises of legitimate employment into commercial sexual exploitation in Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Japan. Chinese men are smuggled to countries throughout the world for exploitative labor. Women and children are trafficked into PRC from Mongolia, Burma, North Korea, Russia, and Vietnam for forced labor and sexual slavery.

Drug trade

PRC is a major transshipment point for heroin produced in the Golden Triangle. Growing domestic drug abuse is a significant problem in PRC. Available estimates place the domestic spending on illegal drugs to be $17 billion. Drug abuse has spread rapidly in China since its re-emergence as a national problem in the late 1980s. China's drug problem doesn't seem to be abating much. After some years of progress in the mid-2000s, the Chinese government is now acknowledging that the country has a long way to go in controlling.

Domestic violence

China has a high rate of domestic violence. In 2004, the All-China Women’s Federation compiled survey results to show that thirty percent of the women in China experienced domestic violence within their homes.

In 2015, the Chinese government enacted the Anti-domestic Violence Law. In China, there is an ongoing issue that often remains unnoticed: domestic violence. Approximately 40% of women in China face domestic violence, and an alarming 10% of homicides in the country stem from intimate partner violence. These distressing occurrences persist despite legal measures against domestic violence, primarily due to the deeply entrenched patriarchal norms ingrained within Chinese society.

Crime dynamics

Illegal guns
From January to July 1996, approximately 300,000 illegal small arms were seized from fourteen provinces of the country.

See also
Crime in Hong Kong
Law enforcement in China
List of Chinese criminal organizations
Prostitution in China
Terrorism in China

References


Ahn Byong-man (8 February 1941 – 31 May 2022) was a South Korean academic, and the former President of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from the Seoul National University in 1964 and 1967, and went on to the University of Florida for doctoral studies, graduating in 1973. In 1975 he joined the faculty of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies in Seoul, South Korea.  While at this institution he served as the Dean of Student Affairs, Dean of the Graduate School, and in 1994 he was named president. He served in this capacity until 2004.

Ahn was a Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence at the University of Delaware, and received an honorary doctorate of humane letters from the University of Delaware in 2004. He was also a visiting professor at the university. He also received a University of Florida Distinguished Alumnus Award in May 2005.

A non-party politician, he served as Minister for Education, Science and Technology in the Lee Myung-bak government from 6 August 2008 until 30 August 2010. During his tenure, he pushed through an ambitious reform of English-as-a-foreign-language education in South Korea to reduce the reliance on hagwon in teaching the language. One of the first steps he took in this regard was to begin the development of a new English proficiency test modeled on Japan's STEP Eiken test, the National English Ability Test, with the aim of replacing the TOEIC and TOEFL for domestic purposes such as university admissions and job candidate selection. Around the same time, he also requested the resignations of seven senior officials in the Ministry.

References

1941 births
2022 deaths
Academics from Seoul
Kyunggi High School alumni
Seoul National University School of Law alumni
University of Florida alumni
Academic staff of Myongji University
South Korean political scientists
Presidents of universities and colleges in South Korea
Education ministers of South Korea
Academic staff of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies
Juksan An clan
Fulbright alumni


Mandurah City Football Club is an Australian professional football club based in Mandurah, Western Australia. Their home ground is Peelwood Reserve in Halls Head.
The club has 300 registered players which also includes Juniors, Social, Women, Semi-pro and Masters teams. They currently (2023) compete in the Football West State League Division 1.

History
Founded in 1970, Mandurah City played their inaugural competitive season in the South West Soccer League, and won the league in 1972. The club then joined the Western Australian Amateur and Social Soccer Association (WASSA), where it remained until 2002. During this period in the amateurs, the club won the amateur championship in 1995 under the guidance of coach Jim Mayers.

In 2002, the club left the amateur ranks and joined the Western Australian Semi professional league and were crowned Division 1 champions in 2007, gaining promotion to the Premier League for the 2008 season.  After four seasons in the top flight, the club was relegated after the 2011 season.

In 2013, the club unsuccessfully applied for entry into the National Premier Leagues Western Australia, and then entered into a rebuilding and restructuring phase. Doug Hesketh was appointed Director of Football and 1st team manager in 2015. Under the NPL structure, promotion and relegation was re-established for the 2016 season; Mandurah City were 2015 Division 1 Champions, but didn't meet all of the Football West eligibility criteria to be promoted. After coming second in the league in the 2016 State League Division 1 it was announced that Mandurah City would compete in the 2017 National Premier Leagues, but they only lasted in the top flight for a single season.

Home ground
The Club's home ground is Peelwood Reserve (known for sponsorship reasons as GenesisCare Stadium), which is one of the premier football stadiums in the league. The venue has hosted a number of A-League friendly matches and the Singapore national team.

Current squad

(vice-captain)
(captain)

References

Black and White – The Official Magazine of Mandurah City FC- Feb 15

External links
 Official Mandurah City Website

Soccer clubs in Perth, Western Australia
Football West State League teams
Association football clubs established in 1970
1970 establishments in Australia
National Premier Leagues clubs


1st AIBA African Olympic Boxing Qualifying Tournament was held from January 23 to January 31, 2008 in Algiers, Algeria.

Qualifying
21 teams participated in this tournament:

''Number in ( ) is total boxer in each country

Competition System
The competition system of the 1st AIBA African Olympic Boxing Qualifying Tournament is the knockout round system. Each boxer fights one match per round.

Medal summary

Medal table

Symbol of AIBA

References
1st AIBA African Olympic Boxing Qualifying Tournament

See also
 1st AIBA European 2008 Olympic Qualifying Tournament
 2nd AIBA African 2008 Olympic Qualifying Tournament

African
Boxing at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Boxing competitions in Africa
B
B
Boxing in Algeria
AIBA African 2008 Olympic Qualifying Tournament
Sport in Algiers


Tortington is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Arundel, in the Arun district of West Sussex, England. It lies between the Arundel to Ford and the Arundel to Chichester roads,  southwest of Arundel. In 1961 the parish had a population of 617. On 1 April 1985 the parish was abolished and merged with Arundel, Ford, Slindon and Walberton.

History
Before the Norman Conquest of 1066 the farmland of Tortington was tilled by an Anglo-Saxon freeman called Leofwine. By the time William's commissioners visited this part of Sussex just twenty years later to sit in the shire court and evaluate property for the great Domesday Survey, there were 8 households in the settlement. The land (plough land, woodland and 30 acres of meadows), in the Hundred of Binsted, was worked by Ernucion, also a freeman but a tenant of Earl Roger de Montgomery, whose loyal service to the Conqueror had been rewarded by the granting of huge tracts of land throughout England. Those lands included manors near Arundel in Sussex.

A church was built here sometime after the Domesday Book of 1086, and certainly before 1150 when a church was first recorded. By 1290 the church was recorded as a vicarage, the incumbents from this date onwards, with only a few exceptions, being described as vicars.  In 1380 the nearby Augustine Priory acquired the benefice and the right to appoint clergy to the parish church and like the Priory, it was dedicated to St Mary Magdalene.

The parish
From these early foundations until the 20th century, the history of the parish is closely linked to those of the church, the priory, the manor and the Earls of Arundel. A complex history of conveyances, grants, gifts and titles caused the land at Tortington to change hands many times, particularly after the Dissolution of the Monasteries (see the Manor of Tortington below). At some time in its early history it may have had a dual dedication as the parish, even as late as the 1901 UK census, was sometimes referred to as the Parish of St Thomas, Tortington, and the church similarly dedicated and named.

The ancient parish of St. Mary Magdalene, Tortington was united with those of St. Nicholas's, Arundel and St. Leonard's, South Stoke in 1929, though declared redundant in 1978.

Tortington village population, now in the region of 150, has grown largely by the conversion of Tortington House, formerly Tortington Park School and later New England College, to residential dwellings in 2001 when it was renamed Tortington Manor. This population figure means that Tortington, against all other demographic trends in south-east England, is around the same size that it was between 1901 and 1931.

The Manor of Tortington
In the Domesday Survey of 1086 the manor of Tortington was assessed as having 3 hides, enough to support 2 plough teams, 6 villeins and 2 cottagers. In addition, the manor also had 30 acres of meadow and woodland grazing for 6 hogs. Through the collection of a tithe the church would have had a modest income.

As a manor in the Rape of Arundel, an ancient administrative unit of land-holding unique to Sussex, Tortington was part of the reward from William the Conqueror to Earl Roger de Montgomery for loyal service. However, Earl Roger's son Robert de Bellême later became embroiled in a dispute with Henry I who stripped him of his title and lands. Then, around 1105, Henry ennobled William d'Aubigny as 1st Earl of Arundel and gave him Robert's Sussex lands, including the manor of Tortington.

Hugh d'Aubigny, the 5th Earl, died without issue in 1243 and the king allowed the earldom and title to lapse. However Hugh's sister had married John FitzAlan and the Rape of Arundel now passed to their son, also John FitzAlan. Fifty years later his descendant Richard FitzAlan became 1st Earl of Arundel when Edward I revived the earldom and its title. So began a family association with town and title that continues to this day.

Meanwhile, ownership of the Tortington manor during the d'Aubigny and FitzAlan over-lordships in the Rape of Arundel was conveyed first to Pharamus de Tracey and his descendants, certainly by 1216, and later to William of Bracklesham. He in turn conveyed the manor to Ellis de Cheyney around 1295 after which it became known for a time as Tortington-Cheyneys.

On Ellis's death in 1327 his son and his widow Joan inherited the land, the latter selling her portion to Eleanor of Lancaster, niece of king Edward I and wife of Richard FitzAlan, now 3rd Earl of Arundel. With the sale to the FitzAlans in 1373 of the last portion of Tortington held independently of Arundel, the manor was once again under the lordship of the Earls of Arundel. However, in 1415 on the death of Thomas FitzAlan, the 5th Earl, Tortington manor was bequeathed to Holy Trinity Hospital, Arundel and there it remained until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1536 when once again it became the property of the Crown.
However, soon after the sale and redistribution of church lands that followed the Dissolution, Tortington once again came into the possession of the FitzAlan family, only to be conveyed soon after to Roger Gratwick, whose descendants held the manor until the end of the 17th century and to whose memory a memorial window remains in the church. In 1706 Tortington manor came into the possession of William Leeves whose family remained lords of the manor until they sold it in 1790. With the title came the right to appoint clergy to the parish church and the Leeves family's close relationship with this office is reflected in several memorial plaques in the church.
The demesne lands in the Rape of Arundel had been separated from Tortington manor in 1710 and although the Leeves family retained an interest in each of them, by 1790 the Duke of Norfolk, a descendant of the FitzAlan family, had acquired the manor his family had first become lords of  more than 500 years earlier. The Leeves family eventually sold the demesne land in 1839 to John Smith of Madehurst and following several further transfers of ownership, in 1879 the Duke of Norfolk added the Tortington land to his Arundel Estate.

There were by now two principal farms in Tortington, Manor Farm and Priory Farm, both farmed by the Duke's tenants. Although the Arundel Estate retained woodland in Tortington, by the early 20th century those tenants had purchased their respective farms, thus bringing to an end almost one thousand years of manorial tenure. Since this time the land has been owned and farmed by the Luckin family, while privately owned woodland which makes up most of the remainder of the ancient parish is now within the boundary of the South Downs National Park.

Tortington Priory
An Augustinian priory was founded at Tortington in the late-12th century on land held by the Norman Abbey of Sées. Half a mile north of St Mary Magdalene's church, it has often been said to have been founded to serve the Priory but the church in fact pre-dates the Priory by possibly 50 years although the living of St Mary Magdalene was by 1389 in the gift of Tortington Priory.

The founder of the Priory was probably Alicia de Corbet, a widow and daughter of the d'Aubigny family who had once been a mistress of king Henry I. She was also reputedly devoted to Mary Magdalene and this became the priory's dedication as well as the church.

For the 'Black Canons' who lived there it was a small establishment, not unlike other Augustinian priories founded nearby at Pyneham (de Calceto) just to the east of Arundel and at Hardham, further up the Arun valley.  Occupied by only a Prior and four or five Canons at any one time, the Priory was given the advowson of church livings in Sussex, Dorset and London, including for a time that of St Mary Magdalene in Tortington. But successive visitations in the 15th and early 16th centuries reported a house in decay, lacking in books and whose servants were incompetent and unskilled. It gained a reputation as a house where errant monks were sent who were undeserving of a more prestigious or venerated establishment.

The religious house was dissolved soon after 1536, its goods sold off and the Priory sold to Lord Maltravers of Arundel within whose family it remained until the Catholic Howard family fell out of favour in the late-16th century. After this, though re-occupied for a time and known as Tortington Priory House, the old priory was plundered for building materials for several houses and farm buildings in the vicinity. This included a grand house nearby called Tortington Place, built in the 17th century by Roger Gratwick on the site where Tortington House would eventually be built.

What was left of the priory was by the late-18th century in use as a barn and so it remained until the late-20th century. When the property was bought in 1998 by Sir Arthur Watts what remained was little more than the nave wall of the Priory. His vision of conserving this and an enclosing wall of a courtyard and incorporating them in a private residence was realised in an award-winning building project carried out in 2001 by Neil Holland Architects of Arundel.

The Church of St Mary Magdalene, Tortington
The nave and chancel of The Church of St Mary Magdalene, Tortington have been dated to the 1140s but many alterations have been made to the church subsequently. A south aisle and chapel were added in the 13th century only to be demolished sometime between the 16th and 18th centuries. In a major restoration undertaken in 1867 the south aisle was rebuilt causing the 12th century doorway to be re-sited for a third time. The south chapel was not rebuilt, an aumbry or recess used to house vessels and items for the sacrament being all that remains of the original chapel, this now being visible in the exterior wall. Some other alterations were made in the 16th century and later, notably the enlargement of the two north windows in the nave and the single east window in the chancel. The bellcote was also rebuilt in the 16th century.

During the 19th century restoration, funded by local farmer George Coote, the roofs were stripped and the chancel roof probably completely rebuilt. But the rafters and the beams of the nave are of medieval origin. The vestry was added in 1892 and the bellcote was rebuilt once again in 1904 by Philip Mainwaring Johnston, the architect and historian, to whose scholarship we owe much of our knowledge of this and other local churches.

Despite being dismantled and reassembled three times since it was first constructed in the 12th century, the Caen stone doorway shows surprisingly little damage or alteration. It features a double row of chevrons, one decorated with what appear to be grapes, inside an outer order of four-leaved emblems. The whole arch rests upon scallop capitals on the original shafts and the door itself is fitted with decorative strap hinges.

Inside the church and west of the doorway there is an unusual chalice-shaped Caen stone font,  which, like the chancel arch, dates from the mid-12th century. With a cable moulding around the rim and an arcade of 12 round arches it is decorated with alternately inverted foliate emblems. The basin sits on a 19th-century plinth.
The chancel arch, which also dates from the mid-12th century, is of an unusual design for south-east England. Adorned on the west side by grotesque 'beakhead' carvings, some bird-like, one certainly a rabbit, many topped with feathers, foliage or tentacles, these forms owe more to a Scandinavian or pagan tradition than to a Norman or Christian one. These creatures were originally brightly painted, to inspire awe and wonder, and no doubt fear, in the congregation praying below.

The nook shafts of the arch carry capitals decorated with foliage. Not quite perpendicular, there is evidence that the entire arch has been reconstructed to some degree at least once. The keystone bearing the inscription 'W F Leeves 1750' on the east side, and the Leeves family coat of arms on the west side, and indeed the 'beakhead' immediately above this stone, are almost certainly preventative repairs to the arch carried out in the 18th century.

There are three notable examples of stained glass in the church, all three being in windows that have been enlarged. The nave windows, one of St Richard and one of St Mary Magdalene, were made in 1896 by Charles Eamer Kempe – notice his trade-mark wheatsheaf in the bottom left-hand corner of the St Richard window. The east window, featuring the Lamb of God, roundels depicting the Four Evangelists and other religious and heraldic symbols has been attributed to Thomas Willement and dated to 1867.  It is thought to be a copy of a much earlier painted window.

Two bells hang in the bellcote, one of which is engraved with the words 'S thomas treherne'. It has been suggested that this bell may have been taken from the nearby priory church soon after its desecration in the 16th century. But it may also be evidence of the church's original dedication to St Thomas alongside the name 'Treherne' who may have been either the maker or the donor of the bell. Since at least 1782 the turret, like that of nearby Ford church, has been boarded and painted white to provide a landmark for navigation on the river Arun.

Other notable fittings and artefacts include an early 15th-century bench, now in the south aisle; a 17th-century oak pulpit; a pair of 18th-century funeral hatchments of the Leeves family above the chancel arch; several personal and family memorials and a framed Roll of Honour and War Memorial to those Tortington men who served and died in the Great War 1914–18.

Amalgamation with the benefice of St Nicholas' in Arundel in 1897 and a dwindling congregation in the mid-20th century led to the church being declared redundant in 1978. And though it is now in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust, supported locally by the Friends of Tortington Church, St Mary Magdalene is still consecrated and several services are held here every year conducted by the vicar of St Nicholas', Arundel.

The Roll of Honour and the War Memorial
Two documents in Tortington church survived from the period of the Great War (1914-1918). One was a roll of men serving in that war, the other a list of those who were killed.

One document calls on parishioners to ‘Pray for our men who are serving their King and Country at the Front’. This is followed by a hand-written list of fifty-two men, mostly in alphabetical order. Some of these men have letters after their names - W or M or P or RIP. The letters RIP are well known – Rest in Peace – but less obvious might be W for ‘wounded’, M for ‘missing’ and P for ‘prisoner of war’.  The other document, headed by an image of the Crucifixion in a military cemetery, begins ‘From this parish the following gave their lives for King and Country during the war 1914 to …’. Then there are 4 hand-written names, followed by the date on which they died.
Hand-written and clearly maintained over the course of the war, these historic documents are a record of the commitment and ultimate sacrifice of local men at a time of national emergency. They also bear witness to the strength and solidarity of the women on the home front who prayed as a community for the safe return of their husbands, sons and brothers. However we now know that the list of the dead was incomplete, one man, listed on the Roll of Honour as 'wounded and missing', had in fact been killed in action.

Those original documents were restored and conserved and have now been placed in the care of West Sussex Record Office. Officially recognised in 2008 as a War Memorial, two professionally reproduced facsimiles now hang in the south aisle of the church as a reminder of an almost forgotten rural Sussex community and its sacrifice.

Woodland and wildlife

Around one-third of Tortington parish is designated ancient woodland.

It is here that one will find some rare and some endangered species such as the dormouse, the nightingale, the bee fly, the birds-nest orchid and the purple emperor butterfly. Tortington has a wide variety of habitats - woodland, open farmland, water meadows, river banks, ponds - and all have some wildlife classed as rare or even as endangered species. In the woods of Tortington the hazel dormouse population is being monitored by the Mid Arun Valley Environmental Survey (MAVES) who are also monitoring owls and bats in this, Areas 5 and 6 in the survey area. The woodland understorey has a variety of smaller floral species - early-purple and common spotted orchids, primrose, bluebell, wood anemones, wood sorrel and snakeshead fritillaries. Many of Tortington's numerous bluebell woods are beside public footpaths so can be viewed in April and May. A protected species, the common bluebell is also an indicator of ancient woodland.

Before the 15th century Tortington Common was an area of heathland which was then planted with mainly broad-leaved deciduous trees - oak, beech, elm, ash, and later with some conifers in the northern woods. By the 16th century it had become part of Arundel Great Park, a vast enclosed deer park, the southern gate of which existed where Knowle's Barn now is.

On the woodland fringes many deer emerge at dusk. Bats such as the common pipistrelle and the noctule also emerge to feed and later tawny owls can be heard and barn owls seen swooping on their prey. Over the farmland and the meadows down by the river a huge variety of birdlife is present. Buzzards can often be seen soaring high above, kestrels hover above the hedgerows, and skylarks can be heard in summer months. Closer to the ground little egrets are recent visitors to Tortington and in the water meadows by the river, swans, Canada geese, Brent geese, lapwings, pochards or shelducks visit. Fieldfares may be seen on farmland in winter, returning swallows in summer, and of course the cuckoo in spring. Common residents include blackcaps, nuthatches, green as well as great spotted woodpeckers and goldfinches.

Bibliography

Baggs, A.P, and Warne, H.M. 'Tortington', in A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 5 Part 1, Arundel Rape: South-Western Part, ed. Hudson, T.P.,  London, 1997.
Boxgrove History Group and Luffingham, John (ed.). Tortington and the Black Canons, Philimore, 2002.
Henderson, John. 'Tortington and the Great War', Friends of Tortington Church, 2014.

References

External links

Villages in West Sussex
Former civil parishes in West Sussex
Arundel


Malagueña may refer to:

 Malagueña, pertaining to the city of Málaga, Spain
 La malagueña, a painting from 1917 by Julio Romero de Torres

Music
Malagueña (genre), a Venezuelan genre of folk music
Malagueña (song), the sixth movement of the Suite Andalucia by Ernesto Lecuona, which became a popular song
Malagueñas (flamenco style), the flamenco palo or style
"Malagueña Salerosa", a 1947 Mexican song by Elpidio Ramírez, Roque Ramírez and Pedro Galindo
Malagueña, the second movement of Dmitri Shostakovich's Fourteenth Symphony
Malagueña, the second movement of Maurice Ravel's Rapsodie espagnole
Malagueña, a piece from Spanish composer Isaac Albéniz's famous piano composition España, Opus 165
Malagueña, a piece from composer Pablo de Sarasate's Spanish Dances, Op. 21


The Viersen Jazz Festival is a music festival held every autumn in Viersen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was established in 1969 as 1. Internationales Niederrheinisches Jazz Festival.

History
After the first year it took almost 18 years till the festival continued in 1987 with double bassist Ali Haurand as artistic director. The festival is held on the fourth weekend in September in the city hall of Viersen and enjoyed nationwide a good reputation. The festival offers a high-quality set of well-known jazz musicians from overseas, Europe and Germany. The most famous performances in the festival's history include Chick Corea, Charlie Mariano, Joe Zawinul, Billy Cobham, Stéphane Grappelli, Ron Carter, Chris Potter, Jean-Luc Ponty, Ahmad Jamal, Gonzalo Rubalcaba, Joachim Kühn, Sheila Jordan with Cameron Brown, Philip Catherine, Maria João, Candy Dulfer, Barbara Dennerlein, Daniel Humair, and others more.

Most of the festivals are shown on German television and also broadcast as radio concerts.

References

External links
Information on the 2006 festival
Coordinates of festival main building:

Jazz festivals in Germany
Music festivals established in 1969
Culture of North Rhine-Westphalia
1969 establishments in West Germany


This is a list of the terrestrial flora of the Houtman Abrolhos. Only vascular plants are listed — there have been some collections of mosses, liverworts and lichens from the Houtman Abrolhos, but no information has been published on these non-vascular groups.

The distribution of each species within each island group is provided. A list of islands is provided for species that occur on fewer than ten islands in a group; for species that occur on ten or more islands in a group, an island count is provided. Islands without a formally gazetted name are referred to by informal names, given in quotation marks.

A grey background indicates a naturalised species.

References

Flora of Western Australia
Houtman Abrolhos
Houtman
Lists of biota of Western Australia


The Vanishing Dagger is a 1920 American adventure film serial directed by Edward A. Kull, J. P. McGowan, and Eddie Polo. It is presumed to be a lost film. Portions of this serial were filmed in England. The film had the working title The Thirteenth Hour.

Cast
 Eddie Polo as John Edward Grant
 Thelma Percy as Elizabeth Latimer
 C. Norman Hammond as Sir George Latimer
 Laura Oakley as Lady Mary Latimer
 Ray Ripley as Prince Narr
 Karl Silvera as Prince Zan
 Ruth Royce as Sonia, Narr's Favorite
 Thomas G. Lingham as King Claypool
 Peggy O'Day as Nell (credited as Peggy O'Dare)
 Texas Watts as Len, Grant's Man
 Arthur Jarvis as Sir Richard Upton
 Leach Cross
 Leslie T. Peacocke
 J. P. McGowan

Plot

Chapter titles
 The Scarlet Confession
 The Night of Terror
 In Death's Clutches
 On the Trail of the Dagger
 The End of the Rustlers
 A Terrible Calamity
 Plunged to His Doom
 In Unmerciful Hands
 The Lights of Liverpool (a.k.a. Ferocious Foes)
 When London Sleeps
 A Race to Scotland
 An Evil Plot
 Spears of Death
 Walls of Doom
 The Great Pendulum
 Beneath the Sea
 Beasts of the Jungle
 The Vanishing Dagger (a.k.a. Silver Linings)

See also
 List of film serials
 List of film serials by studio
 List of lost films

References

External links

1920 films
1920 adventure films
1920 lost films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Silent American adventure films
Films directed by Edward A. Kull
Lost American adventure films
Universal Pictures film serials
1920s American films
1920s English-language films
English-language adventure films


Wilmington Montessori School is a Montessori school located in New Castle County, Delaware, United States, serving ages 12 months through eighth grade. Its campus is partially in Ardencroft and partially in an unincorporated area. It is named after, but is not located in, Wilmington.

It is the state's oldest and largest independent Montessori school. Its facility has more than 30 classrooms, a library/learning commons, gymnasium, indoor and outdoor performance stages, music and arts rooms, three age-appropriate makerspaces, outdoor playing fields, and wooded walking paths.

The curriculum is rooted in the principles of the Montessori Method.

History
In 1963, the school was initiated by a group of Delaware parents. It began as Wilmington Montessori Association with fourteen children in a storefront in downtown Wilmington, and was incorporated in January 1964. The school later moved to the Buzz Ware Village Center in Arden.

On November 14, 2008, Wilmington Montessori initiated a school-wide single-stream recycling program to help the school reduce its carbon footprint and to teach students the habit of recycling and the benefits to the Earth. The program was supplemented with a grant from Delaware's Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Control.

In 2016, Wilmington Montessori School was named a U.S. Department of Education Green Ribbon School.

In October 2017, Wilmington Montessori School announced that it would acquire PRIED Middle School and begin a middle-school program, effective in September 2018.

Notable faculty
 Marie M. Dugan was the founding head of Wilmington Montessori School. She served as the Interim Executive Director of the American Montessori Society in 2004. She is the Chair of the AMS Centennial Campaign Committee and the AMS Archives Committee, and was the Keynote Committee for the Montessori Centennial Conference in 2007. She is a former President of AMS, former Accreditation Commission member and former Chair of the AMS Heads of Schools Section, having served on the Board of Directors of AMS for 13 years. She is the co-representative to the United Nations as an NGO. Dugan was the Head of the Wilmington Montessori School in Wilmington, Delaware for 25 years before retiring in 2000. She returned to WMS as interim head of school from 2012 until 2014. She is an educational consultant, serving CMTE/NY and AMS in both independent and public schools.
In 2007, teacher Lisa Wilson-Riblett shared first place as "Teacher from a Center or Preschool" in the 9th Annual Governor's Awards for Excellence in Early Care and Education.
In 2005, teacher Angie Meadows was one of 100 educators in the country chosen as an "Unsung Hero" by ING Financial Services.

Accreditation

 American Montessori Society
 Commission on International and Trans-Regional Accreditation
 Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools

Memberships

 Delaware Association of Independent Schools
 American Montessori Society
 Montessori Teachers' Association of Delaware
 National Association of Independent Schools
 Association of Delaware Valley Independent Schools
 Delaware Alliance for Non-Profit Advancement

Notes

Further reading

 Hembreck, Valerie. (Fall 2002) "If we build it, will they come? Creating a building as good as your school." Montessori Life, v14 n4 p11-13. (Article abstract)
 Gillespie, Terri. (Spring 1994) "You Start with Trust: An Interview with Marie M. Dugan. Montessori People" Montessori Life, v6 n2 p18-20. (Article abstract)

External links
Official Wilmington Montessori School website

Private elementary schools in Delaware
Private middle schools in Delaware
Private K–8 schools in the United States
Montessori schools in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1963
Schools in New Castle County, Delaware
1963 establishments in Delaware


George Robert Armstrong (August 1, 1819 – April 20, 1896) was a pioneer mayor of Omaha, Nebraska. He served as the interim Mayor of Omaha from 1858 to 1859 after Andrew Jackson Poppleton resigned, and was elected in 1861, only to resign in 1862.

See also

 History of Omaha

References

1819 births
1896 deaths
Mayors of Omaha, Nebraska
Burials at Prospect Hill Cemetery (North Omaha, Nebraska)
19th-century American politicians


An antler is the large horn-like appendage of deer or related species.

Antler or Antlers may also refer to:

People

Antler (poet) (born 1946), American poet who lives in Wisconsin

Places
In Canada
Rural Municipality of Antler No. 61, Saskatchewan
Antler, Saskatchewan

In the United States
Antlers, Colorado
Antler, Missouri
Antler, North Dakota
Antlers, Oklahoma
Antler, West Virginia

Other
Antler Luggage, a brand of suitcase
Antlers (band), a black metal band based in Germany
Antlers (Pillow Pal), a Pillow Pal moose made by Ty, Inc.
The Antlers (University of Missouri), a student cheering section at University of Missouri basketball games
The Antlers (band), an indie rock band based in Brooklyn
Antlers Hotel (Colorado Springs, Colorado), also known as The Antlers
Kashima Antlers, a J. League football team
Antler Peak, a prominent mountain peak in Yellowstone National Park
Deer horn knives, a martial arts weapon sometimes called deer antlers
Antlers (2007 film), ( Panache), a 2007 Canadian documentary film
Antlers (2021 film), a 2021 supernatural horror film

See also
ANTLR
Antlers Hotel (disambiguation)


Nicolaus Kleinenberg (11 March 1842, in Libau – 5 November 1897, in Naples)  was a Baltic German zoologist and evolutionary morphologist.

He studied at the University of Jena under Ernst Haeckel, obtaining his doctorate for studies of embryo cleavage in Hydra. His later work Hydra - Eine anatomisch-entwicklungsgeschichtliche untersuchung, in English "An anatomical-evolutionary investigation of Hydra" (Leipzig, Wilhelm Engelmann, 1872) is a classic, still quoted monograph which has implications for evolution theory.

Kleinenberg was a close friend of Anton Dohrn, helping him to found the marine station at Messina, where he was professor. He worked with Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov and Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow on their visits to Messina. Kleinenberg and Hugo Eisig were the first assistants at Stazione Zoologica in Naples.

Selected writings
 Hydra : eine Anatomisch-entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchung, 1872 - Hydra, an anatomical-evolutionary investigation.
 Una Stazione e Scuola Zoologica in Messina, 1880 - The zoological station and school in Messina.
 Sull'origine del sistema nervoso central degli Anellidi, 1881 - On the central nervous system of annelids.
 Die Entstehung des Annelids aus der Larve von Lopadorhynchus. Nebst bemerkungen über die Entwicklung anderer Polychaeten, 1886 - On the formation of annelids from the larvae of Lopadorhynchus.

References

1842 births
1897 deaths
Scientists from Liepāja
People from Courland Governorate
Baltic-German people
19th-century German zoologists


Joseph Alphonse Conrad Bourcier (May 28, 1916 – October 5, 1987) was a Canadian ice hockey centre. He played 6 games in the National Hockey League with the Montreal Canadiens during the 1935–36 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1934 to 1949, was mainly spent in the Quebec Hockey League. He was born in Montreal, Quebec.

Playing career
Bourcier played for the Pittsburgh Shamrocks of the International Hockey League, the Montreal Canadiens during the 1935–36 NHL season, as well as a single game with the Cornwall Cookies of the Quebec Provincial Hockey League. His brother Jean also played for Montreal and Pittsburgh throughout the same seasons.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

References

External links

1916 births
1987 deaths
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Montreal
Montreal Canadiens players
Pittsburgh Shamrocks players


This is a list of the highest natural points within the  area of Greater London, England. The list includes all 21 peaks at least 100 metres high.

One is an isolated hill, at Harrow on the Hill – the other 20 summits are clustered on six ridges (escarpments) in London, four of which extend beyond London and are named: Blackheath Ridge, one of the North Weald Ridges, the North Downs ridge and the Grim's Ditch ridge.

The highest point of land, the  Westerham Heights, was also higher than any man-made structure in London until 2012, when the  tall Shard London Bridge was completed.

List

‡ this summit in Hampstead Heath is the highest point in Inner London and was the highest point of the former County of London.

Settlements

Grouped by London Borough, South Street, a hamlet in Bromley, is the highest at  above sea level. It is at the edge of the Surrey Hills AONB which covers the Surrey part of the North Downs and Greensand Ridge. The six next highest are all near-neighbours: Horns Green (), Berry's Green and Biggin Hill (both reaching ), Aperfield and Single Street (both ), and Luxted at .

Outside Bromley the highest settlements are Sanderstead and Selsdon (reaching  and five metres below that, respectively) in Croydon.

Arkley in Barnet is built up to . Lower neighbours are Monken Hadley and Chipping Barnet, both , and Barnet Gate .

The Vale of Health is a micro-locality in Hampstead Heath in Camden at (. Harrow on the Hill in Harrow () and Shooters Hill in Greenwich () also have high positions.

Some have peaks or crests (in the table above) in their definitively built-up area (e.g. Sanderstead, Harrow on the Hill and Shooters Hill). Other settlements with a high central or near-centre elevation (over ) include Upper Sydenham, Upper Norwood, Chislehurst, Highgate, Muswell Hill, Hampstead, Harefield, Northwood, Mill Hill, Whetstone, Stanmore, Carshalton, Coombe, New Addington and Purley.

See also
List of highest points in the United Kingdom
List of tallest buildings and structures in London

References

Geography of London
London
Prom


Josh Tyrangiel is an American journalist. He was previously the deputy managing editor of TIME magazine and an editor at Bloomberg Businessweek. In June 2019, Tyrangiel left the network, following the cancellation of Vice News Tonight.

Early life and education
Josh Tyrangiel was born on September 25, 1972. He grew up in Baltimore. He has a sister. He graduated high school from the Park School of Baltimore in 1990 where he played on the soccer team and was active in student government. For his senior-year project, he called the Baltimore Orioles and successfully got a position as a member of the grounds crew, where he worked for six months. Tyrangiel attended the University of Pennsylvania as an undergraduate and ran the school's newspaper. He received his master's degree in American Studies from Yale University.

Career
After college, Tyrangiel worked at Vibe and Rolling Stone magazines and produced the news at MTV.

In 1999, he joined TIME as a staff writer and music critic. He also served as the magazine's London correspondent and national editor. In 2006, Tyrangiel was promoted to deputy managing editor at TIME.com, as well as tasked with overseeing TIME's Person of the Year franchise.

In journalistic circles, Tyrangiel was presumed to be the successor to Richard Stengel, who was editor of the magazine at that time. Tyrangiel says he wanted the job, but recognized there was competition for the position and that the company may be resistant to his hopes of taking it in a new direction. Norman Pearlstine, who had been the Editor in Chief at Time Inc and was then working as the Chief Content Officer at Bloomberg L.P., invited him to breakfast, and suggested he go to struggling Businessweek following its acquisition by Bloomberg L.P. for “one dollar plus debt." Tyrangiel presented his ideas for the company to Bloomberg and, in November 2009, Tyrangiel was named editor of the magazine. In April 2010, Tyrangiel oversaw the rebranding of BusinessWeek into Bloomberg Businessweek and led the editorial vision of the magazine. Ravi Somaiya with NPR said that "It's hard to understate the degree to which Tyrangiel's nearly six-year tenure...stimulated change at the magazine and challenged the way in which the larger news organization had previously operated." Bloomberg Businessweek won several magazine awards while Tyrangiel served as the editor. In 2011, Adweek named Bloomberg Businessweek the most influential business magazine of the year. In 2012, the magazine won the National Magazine Award for general excellence in general interest magazines. Tyrangiel has also received personal honors for his work at Bloomberg Businessweek. In 2009, Tyrangiel was named to The New York Observer’s list of top insurgents for the upcoming year, and in 2012, Tyrangiel was named editor of the year by Ad Age and was included on Crain's New York Business 40 under 40 list. In November 2013, Tyrangiel was called on to help shape television content for Bloomberg Television. In August 2014, Tyrangiel was promoted to oversee all content on Bloomberg's media platforms. In October 2015, Tyrangiel stepped down as editor of Bloomberg Businessweek.

In 2015, he began negotiations to join Vice, meeting with the program's head Shane Smith. As the Senior Vice President of news, he ran the company's digital news desk. He spearheaded the launch of Vice News Tonight in October 2016. in April 2019, Tyrangiel was included on The Hollywood Reporter's ninth annual list of New York's 35 Most Powerful People in Media and, in his interview, said that he was working on new projects that played to Vice's strengths. In June 2019, however, Tyrangiel and Vice News CEO, Nancy Dubuc, both released statements announcing his departure from Vice at the conclusion of the summer. His departure had something to do with the cancellation of Vice News Tonight.

Notable interviews
Tyrangiel has a number of interviews with celebrities and dignitaries:

Bono*
Kanye West*
Clay Aiken
Kelly Clarkson
Dixie Chicks*
Bruce Springsteen*
Barack Obama
Senator John Kerry
Speaker of the House Dennis Hastert
Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer
Yao Ming
Sean Penn
Nicole Kidman
George Clooney
Tim Cook*
LinkedIn CEO Jeff Weiner
Mayor Boris Johnson
Ol' Dirty Bastard*

In addition, Tyrangiel published a review of Michael Jackson's musical legacy on Time.com shortly after the pop star's death.

Note: An asterisk (*) indicates a cover article.

Personal life

Tyrangiel lives in the East Village of New York City with his wife and his two children. Tyrangiel is Jewish.  He is fan of the Baltimore Orioles. His great-uncle, Judah Nadich, was Dwight Eisenhower’s first advisor on Jewish affairs during the Holocaust.

References

External links

Living people
People from the East Village, Manhattan
American male journalists
University of Pennsylvania alumni
Time (magazine) people
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Park School of Baltimore alumni
1972 births


Jesse Lowe (March 11, 1814 – April 3, 1868) was the first mayor of Omaha, Nebraska, serving for one year from March 5, 1857 to March 2, 1858. An important real estate agent in the early city, Lowe is credited with naming the city after the Omaha Tribe.

Biography
Lowe was born in Raleigh, North Carolina, and along with his brother Enos, the family soon afterward moved to the Indiana Territory, settling in Monroe County. Lowe's parents were strict Quakers. Jesse receiving his education at Bloomington College. After studying law and interning with Tilghman Howard in Indiana, Lowe decided not to become a lawyer, instead serving in the commissary of a Missouri volunteer regiment under Sterling Price. He was promoted to Paymaster in the U.S. Army served during the entire Mexican–American War. In 1853 he moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa where his brother was the city's tax collector.

On July 3, 1853, Lowe crossed the Missouri River with his brother Enos into Indian Territory, estimating the land across from Council Bluffs was going to become a great city. Jesse Lowe staked out a quarter-section and later bought three other quarter-sections, totaling . Within a week he established the "Oak Grove Farm."

Lowe was a founding member of the Omaha Claim Club in 1854, and assisted Alfred D. Jones in the first survey of the city. In 1855 he built the first bank building in Omaha at 12th and Farnam Streets in present-day Downtown Omaha. Lowe also invested in the Council Bluffs and Nebraska Ferry Company, which was the foremost ferry company in Omaha for more than 25 years.

Lowe was married to Sophia Hoppin on July 3, 1856, in Burlington, New Jersey. They had four children, including Frederick Brown Lowe, Charlotte Augusta Lowe, Jesse Lowe Jr., and Tilghman Howard Lowe.

Jesse Lowe died in 1868, in Omaha. He is buried at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Omaha.

Legacy
Lowe's legacy is readily apparent in the city of Omaha. The Jesse Lowe Conference Room, named in his honor, was located on the third floor of the Civic Center.

See also

 History of Omaha
 Founding figures of Omaha, Nebraska

References

External links
 Historic portrait
 Grave marker

1814 births
1868 deaths
Businesspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
Politicians from Raleigh, North Carolina
Mayors of Omaha, Nebraska
Burials at Prospect Hill Cemetery (North Omaha, Nebraska)
19th-century American politicians
Businesspeople from Raleigh, North Carolina


ASCAR (Anglo-American Stock Car Racing), was a stock car racing series that raced at circuits around the United Kingdom and Europe from 2001 until 2008. The series went through many guises during its seven year period and was known as the ASCAR Mintex Cup from 2001 to 2003, later known as the Days of Thunder Racing Series (2004) and the SCSA (Stock Car Speed Association) (2005 to 2007) before its final season as the SCSA MAC Tools VSR V8 Trophy. Although going through these varying identities the series was commonly referred to and known by its original name of ASCAR. The series predominantly raced the oval tracks at the Rockingham Motor Speedway and the EuroSpeedway Lausitz in the early years but in its final season in 2008 was solely road racing series that would visit various tracks in the UK most notably Brands Hatch and in France at Croix en Ternois. The series folded in 2008 and merged into part of the European Late Model Series in 2009, racing in Belgium and the UK.

Constructor cars consisted of NASCAR style Chevrolet, Ford and Pontiac racers with a field that peaked at 37 drivers competing during the 2002 season. John Mickel was the first ever champion with a different driver winning the title over all six-seasons, with Team West-Tec, RML and Torquespeed each winning two drivers championships each. Colin White and John Steward were the only drivers who raced in every season, whilst various drivers from a range of different styles of motorsport competed either single races or single seasons, most notably Colin McRae, Aaron Slight, Jason Plato, Max Papis, and the 2002 champion Nicolas Minassian.

History

The ASCAR Mintex Cup made its debut in 2001 with the first ever race being held at the Rockingham Motor Speedway on 26 May, the race was won by former two-time BTCC champion John Cleland for his Chevrolet-powered Cleland Speedsport team. The event that took part in front of 12,000 fans saw Cleland qualify on pole, however he had to fight back to win the race which had seen six-different race leaders  Further rounds at Rockingham, Knockhill Racing Circuit in Scotland, EuroSpeedway Lausitz in Germany and Mondello Park in Ireland were cancelled due to a fuel pickup issue, so Round 2 didn't hit the calendar until 26 August back at Rockingham. The initial season saw 14 teams fielding 21 cars with the season eventually being won by John Mickel of Torquespeed, by beating Dutchman Michael Vergers in the final race by 0.2 seconds, winning the title despite only two wins to Vergers three. Following his championship win, Mickel stated "I owe it all to my crew. We've grown up around the short ovals together and most of them have been with me since I was 10, they didn't let me down. They won it for me."

The 2002 season saw the peak number of drivers racing in the series with 37 taking part during the year, representing a total of 13 teams. Each race event would partner the BRSCC Pickup Truck Racing, with the series being split between six-events at Rockingham, and two in Lausitz consisting of a total of 20 rounds. The season saw its first American competitors compete as NASCAR drivers Randy Tolsma and Brandon Whitt both drove the no.48 Deuce Racing car, whereas Colin McRae, Darren Manning, Matt Neal and Jason Plato all joined XCEL Motorsport. Darren Turner registered six-wins during the season but having missed the opening five-rounds he would only place 7th in the Championship with the title going to French driver Nicolas Minassian of RML Group who only won the one race back in Round 2.

In 2003 the series took on the additional name of "Days of Thunder" after the film of the same name, the season was reduced to 13 rounds spanning over 8 events at both Rockingham and Lausitz. Minassian's replacement at RML, Ben Collins took six race victories, all coming in the final eight rounds of the season. In 2004 the ASCAR label was dropped completely and the series was labelled as the "Days of Thunder Racing Series", the series also dropped the Germany races due to the costs involved and the projected grid numbers of cars willing to make the journey. The season which now ran exclusively from Rockingham was won by Stevie Hodgson of TorqueSpeed.

2005 saw the series renamed once again "Stock Car Speed Association" (SCSA) after a link-up with the American Speed Association and incorporated the Pickup Truck Racing Series under the same banner. Michael Vergers who had been with the series since the inaugural season took the title for Team West-Tec winning three of the twelves rounds which once more were all held at Rockingham. In 2006 the SCSA and Pickup Truck Racing ran at Rockingham as part of the "Thunder Sundays" package organised by the BRSCC. The series continued to field only the twelve rounds and the participating number of drivers was moved down to 18. Oli Playle took the title with a dominating season scoring eight race wins.

The SCSA name remained for 2007; as part of a new sponsorship deal competitors competed for the 'SCSA MAC Tools V8 Trophy'. On Wednesday 5 September, British motorsport publication Motorsport News reported that the SCSA would come to an end after the final race of this season. However, the teams, and the organisers of the Mac Tools V8 Trophy vowed to continue in 2008, whether as a MSA Sanctioned championship, or just as a "series". The final recognised oval racing season was won by Colin White, with the field reduced once more to seven rounds, competed by only 15 drivers. 2008 heralded a new direction for the series with a focus on road courses due to a lack of dates offered by the oval tracks. The cars ran as part of the VSR Series, with the stock cars known as the VSR V8 Trophy. In 2009 the series joined with CAMSO V8 to form the new European Late Model Series.

Race days
In 2003 the series took on the additional name of "Days of Thunder" after the film of the same name. This was done as a marketing tool as starting in this year they promoted the series as a day out for all the family and had appearances from bands such as Busted and The Darkness.

Teams and Cars
ASCAR fielded the latest NASCAR Generation 4 variant race machines at the time, a combined field of 5.7 litre V8s tuned to 470 bhp & sporting Ford Taurus, Chevrolet Monte Carlo or Pontiac Grand Prix body shells.

In 1992, the Gen 4 car arrived at the sport when steel bodies became primarily custom made instead of using stock pieces, and wind tunnels became a staple as teams worked to gain aerodynamics.

1994 was also the final year that V6 engines were used in the Busch Series, as many short track series had abandoned six-cylinder engines.

The Gen 4 car was used full time until 2007, and it was retired in the Cup Series after the 2007 season (in which Toyota, who had already competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, made their debut in the Cup and the then-Busch Series with the Camry), while the other sixteen races were run by the fifth-generation Car of Tomorrow. The Car of Tomorrow went full-time in 2008, with the second-tier series adopting their own Car of Tomorrow first part-time in 2010 and full-time the following year. Body panels in the style of the Gen 4 car continue to be manufactured by Five Star Race Car Bodies, and were legal in the ARCA Racing Series until 2020, when composite-bodied cars in the style of the Generation 6 were mandated (despite this, modern ARCA cars still use Gen 4 chassis). As of 2022, the Gen 4 car is still legal in the ARCA Menards Series West and East (though Dodge body panels are illegal); Hailie Deegan scored her first NASCAR win at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway dirt track in a Gen 4 Toyota Camry in 2019.

In the generation's final years, aerodynamic development led to some of the cars (otherwise known as "offset" bodies) being called "twisted sisters" in reference to the asymmetrical shapes of the car's body. The Car of Tomorrow, by contrast, featured a symmetrical body in order to curb aerodynamic development wars in an attempt to cut costs.

Drivers

The inaugural championship in 2001 was won by future NASCAR driver John Mickel racing for Torquespeed. In 2002 French driver Nicolas Minassian of RML Group arrived from CART and took the title. Further Champions were Ben Collins in 2003, who also worked as The Stig on Top Gear during his ASCAR tenure, Stevie Hodgson, Michael Vergers, Oli Playle and Colin White.

Although most of the field often included a field of British professional and semi-professional stock car drivers, a number of well-known racing drivers from across a wide variety of series competed, often racing either single races or for one full season. They included former WRC champion Colin McRae, ex Formula 1 drivers Max Papis and Kelvin Burt, former IndyCar series driver Darren Manning, former World Superbike Championship rider Aaron Slight, American Nascar drivers Randy Tolsma, Brandon Whitt and Steve Grissom also took part, as did former BTCC champions Jason Plato, Matt Neal and John Cleland. Aside from Ben Collins, future Top Gear presenter Chris Harris took part in the 2004 season, and fellow motoring journalists Tiff Needell and Amanda Stretton raced in the debut 2001 season. Toby Scheckter the son of 1979 F1 champion Jody competed in the 2002 season.

Notable Drivers

Nationalities
The nationalities of every driver who participated in an ASCAR race from 2001 to 2007.

Previous champions

Tracks

Between 2004 and 2007 all of the ASCAR races were held at the Rockingham Motor Speedway in England. The circuit was overlooked by the 6280 seat Rockingham Building, a steel-framed, glass-fronted grandstand building containing suites, offices, bars and kitchens, and by four grandstands. Together the building and grandstands offered a total seating capacity of 52,000. The inner pit and paddock complex was accessed from the Rockingham Building via two pedestrian tunnels and there was a further spectator viewing area on top of the pit garages. The 1.48 mile American-style banked oval circuit was 18.3 metres (60.0 ft) wide and had a maximum bank angle of seven degrees and comprised four very distinct corners. Rockingham's oval was unique in the UK and one of only two speedways in Europe (the other is Lausitzring). The oval circuit could also be converted to a road course layout for events by positioning temporary chicanes and curves both on the main area and apron of the circuit.

In 2002 and 2003 the series also raced in Germany at the EuroSpeedway Lausitz but the venue was eventually dropped due to the costs involved and the projected grid numbers of cars willing to make the journey. The entire 2008 season was a road racing based series as opposed to the Oval circuits. This incorporated trips to Snetterton, Cadwell Park, Lydden Race Circuit, Brands Hatch, Pembrey Circuit, Mallory Park and the French race track at Croix en Ternois.

Television coverage
In the United Kingdom, Motors TV aired full races of ASCAR, whilst Channel 4 aired a highlight show presented by Helen Chamberlain. In 2004 SCSA coverage reached 44 million viewers.

List of race winners

See also

Hot Rods (oval racing)
Pickup Truck Racing
NASCAR Whelen Euro Series
NASCAR

References

External links

Stock car racing in the United Kingdom
Auto racing organizations
Stock car racing series
Stock car racing
Auto racing series in the United Kingdom
ASCAR
Recurring sporting events established in 2001
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2008
Auto racing series in Germany
Auto racing series in France


Andrew Jackson Poppleton (July 24, 1830 – September 9, 1896) was a lawyer and politician in pioneer Omaha, Nebraska. Serving in a variety of roles over his lifetime, his name is present throughout many of the important events of early Omaha history.

Background
Born in Troy, Michigan, Poppleton went to Romeo Academy. He then went to the University of Michigan. In 1851, Poppleton graduated from Union College. He was admitted to the Michigan bar in 1852. In 1854, Poppleton moved to Omaha, Nebraska Territory. Poppleton practiced law in Omaha and was involved with the Democratic Party.

Career
Poppleton served in many political roles in pioneer Omaha. One of the founders of the Omaha Claim Club, Poppleton was also heavily involved in the enforcement of its rules over the city. When the club went to the U.S. Supreme Court, it was Poppleton who mounted the defense. They lost. Poppleton was a member of the Nebraska Territorial Legislature in 1854–55 and 1857–58. In a fluke in 1857, Poppleton served as the Speaker of the House of Representatives in the Nebraska Territorial Legislature. After that, he was the second mayor of young Omaha, serving for six months from March 2, 1858, until September 14, 1858, when he resigned from office. Poppleton was afterwards an influential real estate businessman and lawyer in Omaha.

Poppleton worked for many years as the general attorney for the Union Pacific Railroad. The most important case he ever argued was the 1879 trial of Standing Bear v. Crook, held at Fort Omaha. Standing Bear, a Ponca chief, successfully argued in U.S. District Court that Native Americans are "persons within the meaning of the law" and have the rights of citizenship.

Personal life
Poppleton died in 1896 and was interred at the Prospect Hill Cemetery in North Omaha. Poppleton Avenue in Omaha is named in his honor; the Poppleton Block in Downtown Omaha is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

See also

 History of Omaha

References

External links

1830 births
1896 deaths
People from Troy, Michigan
Union College (New York) alumni
University of Michigan alumni
Michigan lawyers
Nebraska lawyers
Businesspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
Nebraska Democrats
Members of the Nebraska Territorial Legislature
Mayors of Omaha, Nebraska
Burials at Prospect Hill Cemetery (North Omaha, Nebraska)
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American businesspeople
19th-century American lawyers


Lauro Zavala (born December 30, 1954 in Mexico City) is a scholarly researcher, known for his work on literary theory, semiotics and film, especially in relation to irony, metafiction and micro-narratives. Faculty professor since 1984 at Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco, in Mexico City, where he is head of the area on Intertextual Semiotics.

He holds a PhD in Literature at El Colegio de México. He is author of a dozen books, and over 150  articles published in books and journals in the US, UK, France, Spain and another 15 countries. His works have been quoted in more than 3000 books and specialized journals. He has presented the results of his research in more than 300 scholarly conferences around the world and has tutored more than 150 dissertations. The National University (UNAM) has produced a DVD based on his textbook on film analysis. Chair of the Permanent Seminar on Film Analysis (SEPANCINE) since 2005, he organizes a National Conference on Film Analysis.

Zavala is the author of a series of models for textual and intertextual analysis as a contribution to the so-called intersemiotic translation. These pedagogical models are designed to analyze short stories, novels, feature films and documentaries, and other forms of narrative, as well as photographs and many other cultural products.

At the core of his work is a theory on the formal components of postmodern cultural products. Paradigmatic Formalism is a response to Russian Formalism, French deconstruction and other European-based literary theories, and it is the result of studying Spanish American literature, where the key element is not the moral evolution of the main character, but experimentation with language itself.

According to this theory, one key element in postmodern culture is the tendency to produce the highest possible complexity in materials of extreme brevity. Arising from the mixed and paradoxical condition of the regional culture, the genre of the so-called micro-stories was born in early twentieth century in Latin American literature.

Published books

Film analysis
 Material inflamable. Reseñas y crítica de cine (UAMX, 1989)
 Permanencia voluntaria. El cine y su espectador (UV, 1994)
 Elementos del discurso cinematográfico (UAMX, 2005). Award to the University Textbook at Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Xochimilco
 La seducción luminosa. Teoría y práctica del análisis cinematográfico (Trillas, 2010).
 Translation into Spanish and preface to Robert Stam's Teoría y práctica de la adaptación (CUEC, UNAM, 2015)

Semiotics
 La precisión de la incertidumbre. Posmodernidad, vida cotidiana y escritura (UAEM, 2005).
 Manual de análisis narrativo (Trillas, 2007).
 Ironías de la ficción y la metaficción en cine y literatura (UACM, 2008).
 Antimanual del museólogo. Hacia una museología de la vida cotidiana (UAM/INAH, 2012).

Interdisciplinarity
 Instrucciones para asesinar a un profesor. Viñetas de la vida académica (Praxis/UABCS, 2008).
 De la investigación al libro. Estudios y crónicas de bibliofilia (UNAM, 2014).
 Semiótica preliminar. Ensayos como conjeturas (FOEM, 2015).
 Bibliografía de la investigación sobre literatura y cine en México, 2001-2014 (UNAM, 2016).

Literary analysis
 Paseos por el cuento mexicano contemporáneo (Nueva Imagen, 2004).
 Cartografías del cuento y la minificción (Renacimiento, Sevilla, España, 2005).
 La minificción bajo el microscopio (UNAM, 2006).
 Cómo estudiar el cuento (Trillas, 2009).

Literary anthologies
 Humor e ironía en el cuento mexicano (Asoc. Escrit. Uruguay, 1992, 2 vols.).
 La palabra en juego. El nuevo cuento mexicano (Univ. Aut. Edo. México, 1993).
 Teorías de los cuentistas (UNAM, 1993).
 La escritura del cuento (UNAM, 1995).
 Poéticas de la brevedad (UNAM, 1996).
 Cuentos sobre el cuento (UNAM, 1998).
 Borges múltiple. Cuentos y ensayos de cuentistas (en colaboración con Pablo Brescia, UNAM, 1999).
 Relatos vertiginosos. Antología de cuentos mínimos (Alfaguara Juvenil, 2000).
Book selected in 2001 to be published by the Mexican Ministry of Education (45,000 copies distributed in public libraries and schools).
 La ciudad escrita. Humor e ironía en el cuento urbano (El Ermitaño, 2000).
 Relatos mexicanos posmodernos. Prosa ultrabreve, lúdica e híbrida (Alfaguara Juvenil, 2001). Book selected in 2004 to be published by the Mexican Ministry of Education.
 El dinosaurio anotado. Edición crítica de 'El dinosaurio' de Augusto Monterroso (Alfaguara Juvenil, 2002).
 La minificción en México: 50 textos breves (UPN, Colombia, 2002).
 Minificción mexicana (UNAM, Antologías Literarias del Siglo XX, 2003).

Editorial work
 Editor, El Cuento en Red. Revista de Investigación en Teoría y Análisis Literario. Semestral, created in 2000 at UAM Xochimilco in collaboration with Humboldt State University.

Publications

 Cine clásico, moderno y posmoderno

 27 articles by L. Zavala published at UAM (Digital Library).
 El análisis cinematográfico y su diversidad metodológica
 La traducción intersemiótica en el cine de ficción
 Cine y literatura: Puentes, analogías y extrapolaciones
 La tendencia transdisciplinaria en los estudios culturales.
 Seis propuestas para un género del tercer milenio: Brevedad, Diversidad, Complicidad, Fractalidad, Fugacidad, Virtualidad.
 Elementos de análisis intertextual.
 El cuento ultracorto bajo el microscopio.
 El cuento ultracorto: hacia un nuevo canon literario.
 Diez razones para olvidar El dinosaurio de Monterroso.
 Glosario de términos de ironía narrativa.

References

1954 births
Living people
Mexican art critics
El Colegio de México alumni


Abdel Sattar Sabry Abdel Majid Mahmoud (; born 19 June 1974), known as Sabry, is an Egyptian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.

Club career
A skilled offensive player, Sabry was born in Cairo, and started playing with Al-Mokawloon al-Arab, moving abroad in 1997 to represent Austria's FC Tirol Innsbruck. He started 1999–2000 in the Superleague Greece with PAOK FC, but switched in January 2000 to S.L. Benfica. In that season, he scored free kick against Sporting CP.

Sabry would play in Portugal until May 2004, representing C.S. Marítimo (January 2002-June 2003) and C.F. Estrela da Amadora. He subsequently returned to his homeland, playing with ENPPI Club for a few months and joining El Geish shortly after, in the Egyptian Premier League.

Sabry ended his playing career in July 2010, at the age of 36. Subsequently, he joined El Geish's coaching staff.

International career
A prominent feature in the Egypt national team in the mid-late 1990s, Sabry made his debut against Angola in 1995. He was part of the gold medal-winning side in the 1995 All-Africa Games, and featured in the 1998 Africa Cup of Nations squad which finished champion in Burkina Faso, winning 70 full caps in only six years of international play and scoring 11 goals.

International goals
Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Sabry goal.

References

External links

1974 births
Living people
Footballers from Cairo
Egyptian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Egypt men's international footballers
1996 African Cup of Nations players
1998 African Cup of Nations players
1999 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2000 African Cup of Nations players
Al Mokawloon Al Arab SC players
Austrian Football Bundesliga players
FC Tirol Innsbruck players
Super League Greece players
PAOK FC players
Primeira Liga players
S.L. Benfica footballers
C.S. Marítimo players
C.F. Estrela da Amadora players
Egyptian expatriate men's footballers
Egyptian expatriate sportspeople in Austria
Expatriate men's footballers in Austria
Egyptian expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Egyptian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal