Russell Conwell Newhouse (1906–1998) made many contributions to the advancement of aviation in a distinguished career running from the late 1920s into the 1970s.  He was the Director of the Radar Laboratory for the Bell Telephone Laboratories
from 1958 to 1968.

Biography
Newhouse was born in Clyde, Ohio, on December 17, 1906. At the age of ten, he moved with his parents to a farm in Delaware County near Ostrander, where he completed his elementary and high school education.

He matriculated at Ohio State University from 1925, graduating in 1929 with a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering degree. His senior thesis, "An Electromagnetic Altimeter", Based on the work of Professor W. L. Everitt, was on the subject of a frequency modulated radio altimeter for aircraft.  He was hired by Bell Laboratories as a member of the technical staff in the Toll Systems Department of the Laboratories.  After three months, he returned to Ohio State under a Fellowship granted by the Guggenheim Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics to permit work with Professor Everitt to develop the radio altimeter. He received a Master of Science in Electrical Engineering degree in 1930.

While at Ohio State, he joined the Alpha Nu chapter of Pi Kappa Phi fraternity and is considered a notable Pi Kappa Phi.

He received the 1938 Lawrence B. Sperry award for the development and first practical application of the radio altimeter.  In 1939 he transferred to the television research group at Bell Laboratories.  With the approach of war emergency in 1940, he returned to Specialty Products at Bell Laboratories where he supervised the circuit development of a number of radars for aircraft and ground service. By 1947, he was directing the efforts of a group engaged in the development of radar for commercial applications and of radio-telephone sets for aircraft and shipboard service.  He published an article titled "A Voyage by Radar" in the Bell Laboratories Record Vol. XXV No. 5 - May 1947 describing the installation of radar in 1946 on the John T. Hutchinson, one of the (new in 1946) 12,000 ton capacity ships of the Buckeye Steamship Company to demonstrate the advantages of radar as a navigational aid on the Great Lakes.

1961, he was appointed by the FAA Administrator Najeeb Halaby to be a member of Project Beacon, a group which published the "Report of the Task Force on Air Traffic Control" in October 1961.  This report made recommendations for the future of the nation's air navigation and traffic control system.

He was a member of the Millburn Township, New Jersey School Board for many years, and was its president for four of those years.

Newhouse and his wife Clara Lucille have one son, Alan, now a retired senior executive service civilian in the US government whose career focused on nuclear propulsion within the Navy, Atomic Energy Commission, Department of Energy, and NASA.

Major projects
Newhouse was responsible for the development of all of the radars of the Nike Zeus Anti-Missile Missile Defense System, including being responsible for field support, test planning, and data analysis for the Zeus radars in operation at Ascension Island in the South Atlantic: White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico, and Kwajalein Atoll Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean. He was also responsible for the development of the Missile Site Array Radar of the Nike X Anti-Missile Defense System.

Awards

 Recipient of the 1967 Pioneer Award Aviation along with Lloyd Espenshied for his work on frequency modulated radio altimeters
 Recipient of The Lawrence Sperry Award – 1938
 The Ohio State University Distinguished Alumni Award, 1959

Patents

External links

 A Voyage by Radar by R.C. Newhouse, Radio Development Engineer, published in the Bell Laboratories Record Vol. XXV No. 5 - May 1947, pages 181-189
 The History of Radar – RC Newhouse of Bell Labs obtained a patent, and his experiments performed throughout the decade eventually led to the radio altimeter, which became operational in 1937.
 Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis – the problem of terrestrial tracking radar interfering with a geostationary satellite
 Member of the BIRDS OF A FEATHER DEVELOPMENT TEAM, second from left in team photo
 NIST Time Capsule: Giving New Wings to an Old Bat
 IEEE Global History Network Oral-History: Charles H. Townes (1992)
 on Microwave Window Multifactor and its Inhibition 1963 Project Defender ARPA
 Earth Observation on History on Technology Introduction, page 68]
 TRADEX VHF Radar Report
 Chapter 1
 Burials Delaware County (Ohio) Cemeteries

References

American aviators
20th-century American engineers
1906 births
1998 deaths
Ohio State University College of Engineering alumni


The 1896 Louisville Colonels baseball team finished with a 38–93 record and last place in the National League for the third straight season. The team set a Major League record which will never be broken by losing 5 games over the course of two days – a tripleheader on September 7, and a doubleheader on September 8.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References

 1896 Louisville Colonels team page at Baseball Reference

Louisville Colonels seasons
Louisville Colonels season
Louisville Colonels


Gianna D'Angelo (18 November 1929 - 27 December 2013) was an American coloratura soprano, primarily active in the 1950s and 1960s.

Born Jane Angelovich in Hartford, Connecticut, she studied first at The Juilliard School in New York City with Giuseppe De Luca. In the early 1950s, she moved to Venice, Italy, where she became a pupil of Toti Dal Monte, who also advised her to italianize her name.

She made her debut in 1954 at the Baths of Caracalla in Rome as
Gilda in Rigoletto, a role she would remain closely associated with throughout her career. She was rapidly invited at all the major opera houses of Italy, Naples, Florence, Bologna, Trieste, Parma, Milan, etc. She also made appearances at the Paris Opéra and the Glyndebourne Festival as Rosina in Il barbiere di Siviglia and at the Edinburgh Festival as Norina in Don Pasquale.

She made her American debut at the Cosmopolitan Opera in San Francisco, in March 1959, in the title role of Lucia di Lammermoor (opposite Giuseppe Campora and Norman Treigle), and at the Metropolitan Opera in New York, on April 5, 1961 as Gilda (with Robert Merrill as Rigoletto), and remained there for eight seasons, appearing in roles such as: Lucia, Amina, Rosina, Norina, Zerbinetta, the Queen of the Night. She also appeared in Philadelphia, Houston, New Orleans, etc.

D'Angelo made few commercial recordings. The most notable was Musetta in La bohème with Renata Tebaldi, Carlo Bergonzi and Ettore Bastianini under Tullio Serafin, recorded in 1959 in Rome. Other recordings include Il barbiere di Siviglia and Rigoletto both with baritone Renato Capecchi, as well as the doll Olympia in Les contes d'Hoffmann, opposite Nicolai Gedda. A live performance of I puritani from Trieste in 1966, has also been recently released on DVD.

After retiring from singing, she became a voice teacher at the Jacobs School of Music, where she remained from 1970 until 1997.

She died on December 27, 2013, at the age of 84, at Lawyers Glen Assisted Living in Mint Hill, North Carolina.

Sources

 The Metropolitan Opera Encyclopedia, edited by David Hamilton (Simon and Schuster, New York 1987).
 Hardy Classic Video Biography.

1929 births
2013 deaths
American operatic sopranos
Musicians from Hartford, Connecticut
Juilliard School alumni
Jacobs School of Music faculty
Singers from Connecticut
20th-century American women opera singers
American music educators
American women music educators
21st-century American women


Cédric Mongongu (born 22 June 1989) is a Congolese professional footballer who plays as a centre back for the DR Congo national team.

Club career
Mongongu began playing for his local club in La Garenne-Colombes before joining RCF Paris in 2002.

Monaco
He proceeded to join the Centre of Formation at Monaco in 2005 before making his first appearance in a 1–1 draw with Saint-Étienne on 4 August 2007. On 3 July 2009, he signed his first professional contract with Monaco. He went on to make a total of 92 appearances for the club.

In 2011, Mongongu joined Evian, making his debut on 21 September 2011 against Marseille. In 2015, he joined Eskişehirspor. After only one match his contract was terminated in January 2016.

International career
Mongongu chose to represent the country of his birth at international level DR Congo.

Personal life
Mongongu was born in Kinshasa, Zaire, but moved to France as a child growing up in La Garenne-Colombes, Hauts-de-Seine.

Honors

National
DR Congo
Africa Cup of Nations bronze:2015

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Kinshasa
French men's footballers
Democratic Republic of the Congo men's footballers
Democratic Republic of the Congo men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
AS Monaco FC players
Thonon Evian Grand Genève FC players
Eskişehirspor footballers
Montpellier HSC players
Ligue 1 players
2013 Africa Cup of Nations players
2015 Africa Cup of Nations players
21st-century Democratic Republic of the Congo people


West Marden is a hamlet in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It lies on the B2146 road 5 miles (8.2 km) north of Emsworth. It is in the civil parish of Compton.

External links

Villages in West Sussex


Lars Gunnar Georg Svensson (born 30 March 1941) is a Swedish ornithologist, who received an honorary degree from the Uppsala University in 2004. He specialises in the identification of passerine birds. In 2008 he published a paper on the poorly known large-billed reed-warbler (Acrocephalus orinus) which "dramatically changed ornithological perception of the Large-billed Reed Warbler".

Selected publications
 Collins Bird Guide, with Peter J. Grant, Killian Mullarney and Dan Zetterström
 Identification Guide to European Passerines

References

Swedish ornithologists
Ornithological writers
Living people
1941 births


Belleville (also Belville) is an unincorporated community in Wood County, West Virginia, United States.  Its elevation is 594 feet (181 m).

Belleville HydroElectric
In April 1999, Belleville HydroElectric, a 42 MW hydroelectricity power station, began operating on the East side of the Belleville Locks and Dam which are operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.  The plant is operated by AMP-Ohio now known as American Municipal Power, Inc. (AMP).

History
Pre European Settlement

Several thousand Hurons occupied present-day West Virginia during the late 16th and early 17th centuries.  During the 17th century, the Iroquois Confederacy (then consisting of the Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Oneida, and Seneca tribes) drove the Hurons from the state and used it primarily as a hunting ground.

When Anglo-European peoples first came into this part of the Ohio Valley, no Native American tribe had permanent residence there. The tribal home of the Delaware nation was on the upper Muskingum. The Shawnees lived on the Scioto and the Great Hocking, and Miamis on the two rivers of that name. The Wyandottes occupied the country near the lakes. These tribes had traditions that at one time they had lived on the Ohio, but on-going conflict with the Iroquois Confederacy, or the Six Nations, made the mid-Ohio river valley a contested region.  The area was regularly used as a native hunting and fishing ground up to colonial settlement.

Colonial

In 1744, Virginia officials purchased the Iroquois title of ownership to the lands west of the Virginia colonial frontier to the Ohio river in the Treaty of Lancaster.

The Delaware, Mingo, and Shawnee sided with the French during the French and Indian War (1755-1763). When the War concluded, England’s King George III feared that more tension between Native Americans and settlers was inevitable.  King George III in his Proclamation of 1763, prohibited settlement west of the Allegheny Mountains.  This proclamation said in part: "We do hereby forbid on pain of our displeasure, all our loving subjects from making any purchases or settlement whatever, or taking possession of any of the lands so reserved without our special leave or license."

Following the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768 all tribal lands south and east of the Ohio River were ceded to the Crown down to the mouth of the Tennessee River, and settlements sprang up all along the Ohio River. However, settlement was still legally limited. Legal title to land was not available until 1779, making it difficult to determine the area's first permanent European settlers.

In 1769, Captain William Crawford and several others surveyed lands on behalf of George Washington who was granted, by Robert Dinwiddie, the Governor of colonial Virginia, over 9,000 acres of land along the Ohio River for his service during the French and Indian War (1755-1763), to include the land at Belleville. In 1770, George Washington led a surveying party down the Ohio River from Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh) and explored the area personally.  Washington received an official land grant for the lands he chose in Botetourt county on December 15, 1772.  Washington sold the Belleville land tract to a land company for development.

Founding

In 1785, William Tilden, President of William Tilton and Company, a mercantile firm of Philadelphia with extensive land holdings along the Ohio River, to include the Belleville land tract purchased from Washington, entered into a business agreement with Joseph Wood of Pittsburgh. Wood was contracted to act as a land agent for the company and recruit prospective settlers. A colonizing expedition left Pittsburgh in the Fall of 1785 with the two men, four Scotch pioneer families from Pennsylvania, and several hired hands, and sailed down the Ohio River landing in present-day Belleville on December 16, 1785. They constructed a block house surrounded by a stockade and over the course of the next year cleared over 100 acres of land for cultivation, built several cabins, and named their new settlement Belleville. The 1785 settlers included James Pewthewer, William Ingals, David Jemerson (Jamison), Andrew McCash, Francis Andrews, and a Mr. McDonal, Mr. Greathouse, Mr. Tabor (Taylor), and Thomas Gilruth. In 1787 they were joined by the following persons: Joel and Joseph Dewey, Stephen Sherrod, Malcolm Colman, Petre and Andres Anderson and their families. About the year 1796 or 1797 the settlement at Bellville received additional of immigrants from Connecticut. This party was led by George D. Avery, a professional surveyor and civil engineer. Avery was granted leave to construct a dam on nearby Lee Creek near the falls and built a mill January 5, 1803 which served as a base for Avery's merchandise business there in connection with shipbuilding.

Civil War

The only major military action in Wood county was at Belleville on July 19, 1863, when Confederate General John H. Morgan attempted to cross the Ohio River after his raid through southern Ohio was ended by Union troops led by General Edward H. Hobson.  The United States gunboat Moose and the armed steamer Allegheny Belle, part of the Union's Ohio River Fleet, Mississippi River Squadron, intercepted Morgan's troops as the men attempted to cross the Ohio River.  Three hundred raiders successfully entered West Virginia while the remaining followed General Morgan into northern Ohio.

References

Unincorporated communities in Wood County, West Virginia
Unincorporated communities in West Virginia
West Virginia populated places on the Ohio River


The 1897 Louisville Colonels baseball team finished with a 52–87 record and eleventh place in the National League.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1897 Louisville Colonels team page at Baseball Reference

Louisville Colonels seasons
Louisville Colonels season
Louisville Colonels


Stanley Twardowicz (July 8, 1917 – June 12, 2008) was an American abstract painter and photographer.  Twardowicz was born in Detroit, and studied at the Meinzinger Art School during World War II as well as working in a tank factory.

Twardowicz began practicing photography on a 1948 trip to Mexico, and during the 1950s and 1960s he developed his painting style, related to color field paintings and abstract expressionism.  He achieved some national recognition during the years he moved to Plainfield, New Jersey and became a regular at the famous Cedar Tavern in Greenwich Village, the meeting place of fellow abstract expressionists Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline and others.

Stanley Twardowicz was married to Ann Twardowicz (1929–1973), also a well-known painter. In 1971 he married artist Lillian Dodson. Twardowicz also befriended Jack Kerouac, and published some of the only images of the writer in his final years.

Sources
 Press release after death

1917 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American painters
American male painters
21st-century American painters
21st-century American male artists
Abstract expressionist artists
20th-century American male artists


Grange Park is a suburban part of Greater London in the London Borough of Enfield, United Kingdom. It is served by Grange Park railway station. Grange Park is located between Enfield Town to the north Bush Hill to the east, Southgate and World's End to the west, and Winchmore Hill to the south. It was largely built in the early 20th century on the site of Enfield Old Park.  As well as housing there is a retail and commercial area around The Grangeway, that includes the railway station and a public house, the Gryphon.  There are two schools, Grange Park Primary School and Grange Park Preparatory School, and two churches, St. Peter's Church of England and Grange Park Methodist Church (The Church in the Orchard).  An annual Boxing Day Tug of War takes place.

Etymology
Named from Old Park Grange (marked thus on the Ordnance Survey map of 1877) which was in Old Park (also 1887) earlier the oulde park 1658, Old Bull Park 1822, from Middle English grange 'outlying farm where crops are stored'.

References

Places in Enfield, London
Districts of the London Borough of Enfield
Areas of London


The Mimbres Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in southwestern New Mexico near the towns of Deming and Silver City.  The AVA includes the Mimbres Watershed of the Mimbres River, and most vineyards are planted at elevations between  and  above sea level.  The area is a desert, but irrigation and the deep, rich soils of the once-larger Mimbres River have made viticulture possible since the late 19th century.

See also
New Mexico wine

References

New Mexico wine
American Viticultural Areas
Geography of Grant County, New Mexico
Geography of Luna County, New Mexico
1985 establishments in New Mexico


A late model car is a car which has been recently designed or manufactured, often the latest model. (An early model car or classic car is a car old enough to be of historical interest; there is no usual intermediate term.)

The precise definition of "late model" varies.

Racing

Late model race cars are typically the highest class of local stock car racing vehicles at many race tracks in the United States and Canada and are typically the last rung on the ladder before a driver moves up to the ARCA Menards Series, NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, or in some cases even the NASCAR Xfinity Series. Some regional and lower national-level series race in late models. Varieties of late models (ranked from the highest vehicle performance to lowest) include super late models, late models, and limited late models. Mostly all Late Models require crate motor's to be utilized by racecars under their sanction, which often utilize GM 602, 603, and 604 engines or Harrington Enforcer's. Vehicles raced on dirt tracks are significantly different from vehicles raced on asphalt.

Super late models are the premier divisions of asphalt short track racing in the United States and Canada. They typically feature engines with upwards of , American naturally aspirated V8s, under the hood of a custom built chassis weighing around . Most bodies are coupes constructed from fiberglass and conform to the 2002 approved body configuration agreement. This standard, along with the widespread use of this style of racecar, allows teams to not only compete at local tracks but also to travel throughout the country, hitting major events nationwide.  Notable big-money super late model races include the Magnolia 100 Raceway in Mississippi, Summer Showdown in Magnolia State 100, the Oxford 250 in Oxford, the All American 400 in Nashville, and the Snowball Derby in Pensacola.

Late model stock cars are a product of the Carolinas and are the premier class raced at local and regional tracks in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. These purpose-built racecars weigh around  and utilize both factory-designed crate and custom-built racing engines. The power plants produce over 400 horsepower underneath a fiberglass body built to withstand the rigors of short track racing without the weight of stock body panels. Some of the larger late model stock car events include the ValleyStar Credit Union 300 at Martinsville Speedway, the Myrtle Beach 400 at Myrtle Beach Speedway, and the Denny Hamlin Short Track Showdown, a celebrity charity race held at local short tracks in Virginia, most recently held at Langley Speedway (Virginia).

Asphalt late model racing is a common stepping stone for drivers who race in regional and national touring series, including NASCAR. Racers of both dirt and asphalt late models have won the national championship of the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series.

Almost every NASCAR Cup Series driver raced in the class while progressing their career, and many crew chiefs have also developed through this level.  Many often run in late model classes during off-weeks or special races, while some drivers who did not advance through this level (such as Juan Pablo Montoya) have since raced a late model. For example, in 2007, Montoya raced the Prelude to the Dream at Eldora Speedway, a charity event with NASCAR Cup and other notable drivers.

Late model-type cars are also prevalent as a form of cost-cutting in road racing.  As many of these oval-track cars can be adjusted to become road race cars with weight balance changes, the SCCA has listed them in the GT America category, and with the affordability of a late model stock car in the category ($30,000 cars with specification engines, and frequently purchased used NASCAR wheels), these cars are prevalent in club racing.  Similar rules are used in SCCA Trans-Am TA2 class racing, where the same chassis builders for Super Late Models provide chassis for TA2.

Dirt track late model racing also takes place in Australia. The Australian Late Model Championship has been a feature on the Australian speedway calendar since 2002.

Late model cars can also be seen in simulators such as iRacing.

United States national touring series

Asphalt
 American Canadian Tour
 ARCA Midwest Tour
 American Speed Association
 CRA Super Series
 CARS Tour
 Northwest Super Late Model Series
 Pro All Stars Series
 Southern Super Series
 SRL Southwest Tour Series

Dirt
 Lucas Oil Late Model Dirt Series
 World of Outlaws Late Model Series
 XR Super Series
 MARS Dirt Car Series

Canadian touring series

Asphalt
 CASCAR Super Series
 APC United Late Model Series
 Maritime Pro Stock Tour
 Ontario Sportsman Series
 Quebec Sportsman Series
 Super Late Model Series (Atlantic Canada)

See also

 National Dirt Late Model Hall of Fame, a United States hall of fame for dirt track late model racers
 CARS Tour
 Australian Late Model Championship

References

Auto racing by type


The 1898 Louisville Colonels baseball team finished with a 70–81 record and ninth place in the National League.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1898 Louisville Colonels team page at Baseball Reference

Louisville Colonels seasons
Louisville Colonels season
Louisville Colonels


The 1899 Louisville Colonels baseball team finished with a 75–77 record and ninth place in the National League. Following the season, owner Barney Dreyfuss bought the Pittsburgh Pirates organization and folded his Louisville team. Manager Fred Clarke and most of the players moved over to the Pirates where they enjoyed much more success in the coming years.  The Colonels, a perennial also-ran through their National League run from 1892 to 1899, appeared to be on the cusp of becoming a strong team when the National League contracted from 12 teams to 8 after the end of the 1899 season.  Louisville started the season with a 15–37 record after 52 games, but then went 60–40 in their last 100 in the first glimpse of what was to become a strong Pirates team in the years to come.  Many star players, including several Hall of Famers, of the first decade of the 20th Century came from the 1899 Louisville squad including Clarke, Honus Wagner, Rube Waddell, Deacon Phillippe, Tommy Leach and Claude Ritchey.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1899 Louisville Colonels team page at Baseball Reference

Louisville Colonels seasons
Louisville Colonels season
Louisville Colonels


Up Marden is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Compton, in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It is on the South Downs  north-west of Chichester, close to East Marden and North Marden. In 1931 the parish had a population of 266.

There are neolithic and Roman sites in the area. Recorded history of the settlement starts in the 10th century and a church was in existence by 1121. The present church building is of Norman style construction and the church has remained almost unchanged. It has been described as having one of the loveliest interiors in England. The landscape, which is protected within the South Downs National Park, is based on chalk rock strata formed in the Late Cretaceous.

History

A neolithic long barrow on Fernbeds Down at the north of Up Marden is named Baverse's Thumb or alternatively Solomon's Thumb, probably as a mediaeval means of Christianising a pagan neolithic monument. Remains of Roman villas at Pitlands Farm in Up Marden and at Watergate Hanger in nearby West Marden indicate that there were Roman estates in the area.

Prior to the Norman Conquest a thegn called Goda is recorded as giving four cassati of land to his son-in-law Wiohstan. Wiohstan bought a further manentern near "the pool called Blackmere" from Ealfred and his wife Ealsware, then sold five hides to Bishop Wulfhun of Selsey for 2,000 silver pennies and a horse in around 935. Wiohstan, with his wife and son, was going to Rome. During the reign of Edward the Confessor the Mardens, then known as Meredone, were owned by Countess Gytha, wife of Earl Godwin, and held by Lefsi. By 1086 the Domesday Book shows four undifferentiated entries for the Mardens which were held by Engeler de Bohun from Roger de Montgomery.

The prefix Up in Up Marden does not occur before 1227 except in a 14th-century copy of a Saxon charter where it may have been added retrospectively. In that year Reginald Aguillon was given the manor by his mother Mary who had inherited it from her father Eustace de Valle Pironis. By 1240 this land had been divided between Aguillon's four daughters, Mary, Cicely, Godehuda and Alice. It seems that Cicely gave her part to the Knights Hospitaller; the Prior of St John of Jerusalem held a quarter share in the manor in 1428 and continuing until the Dissolution of the monasteries. The rest of the land eventually came to Alice who remarried to Robert Hacket and in 1357 the Hacket family sold their land to Richard, Earl of Arundel. This three-quarter share of Up Marden remained with the Earldom of Arundel until 1581 when it was sold to William Paye, with a windmill included. The windmill was sold to Thomas Marten and the rest became divided up. That part belonging to the Hospitallers became known as Up Marden Saint John. it was granted in 1544 to Henry Audeley and John Cordall who at once passed it on to John Sone. It was later bought by Anne Peckham in 1713, was connected with Thomas Peckham Phipps in 1793 and held by Vice Admiral Sir G. T. Phipps Hornby in 1879.

Governance
In the 19th century Up Marden was recorded as a parish in the hundred of West Bourne and Singleton, in the Rape of Chichester. From 1894 to 1933 it was part of Westbourne Rural District and was then incorporated into Compton by the West Sussex Review Order of 1933. On 1 April 1933 the parish was abolished and merged with Compton.

Geography and landscape
Up Marden lies on the chalk escarpment of the South Downs at an elevation from about  to . The hills are part of the Southern England Chalk Formation of rocks laid down during the Late Cretaceous period around 66 to 90 million years ago. Soils are of the Andover 1 association consisting of shallow silty calcareous well drained soils which overlie chalk on the slopes and ridges of the hills. Deeper calcareous or non-calcareous fine silty soils occur in the dry valleys. These soils which dry out quickly after rain are suited to cereal production, grassland and beech woodland. Plants are able to root deeply and extract water from the underlying chalk during dry summers.

The area is protected as part of the South Downs National Park. Notable protected species of birds include Peregrine, Merlin, Fieldfare, Redwing, Woodlark and Brambling.

Area and population
The parish, with an area of 3,170 acres, had sixty houses in 1851. The population was recorded as 46 families in 1724 and 255 people in 1801. It had grown to 364 by 1831.

Church

No church was mentioned at Marden in the Domesday Survey, only those at Compton and Stoughton. Before 1121 however Up Marden church had been given, along with Stoughton church, to Lewes Priory by Savaric fitz-Cane. St Michael's Church stands  above sea level on a ridge where it is approached along a farm track. Described by Ian Nairn as having one of the loveliest interiors in England the church is all of 13th century construction. The triangular chancel arch between chancel and unaisled nave is a 16th-century repair to the original 13th-century arch. The walls and wagon roofs are plastered and the floors of brick. The windows are large simple lancets, with the east window consisting of three together under a rere-arch. The tower has a weatherboarded bell chamber. The chancel contains a trefoil headed piscina. A more recent feature for such an ancient church is the Victorian stone pulpit with ogee-panelled sides which, in Nairn's opinion, fits in perfectly. In 1628 a bell was cast for the church by bell founders Thomas Wakefield and Bryan Eldridge. There were also two other bells, one dated 1620 and one unmarked, but all three have been taken down because of weakness in the bell tower.

Captain Herbert Westmacott, MC (1952–1980), a British Army officer who became the first person to be awarded a posthumous Military Cross, is buried in the churchyard.

In a topographical dictionary of 1833 the living at Up Marden church is shown as a curacy subordinate to the vicarage of Compton.

Education
Reverend Dr. Cox, a rector of Compton and Up Marden who died in 1741, left £100 for the education of poor children in the parishes. This was vested in George Farrell and yielded £3 10s annually for the purpose. In 1769 an endowed school with six children of poor families was in being.

References

External links

Villages in West Sussex
Former civil parishes in West Sussex
Chichester District


Moose maple may refer to two different species of maples:

Acer pensylvanicum, striped maple
Acer spicatum, mountain maple


VIBOT is an abbreviation of VIsion and RoBOTics. It is a 2-year European Masters in Computer Vision and Robotics course, conducted by Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland, Universitat de Girona in Girona, Spain and Université de Bourgogne in Le Creusot, France. It started in 2006 as part of the European Commission's Erasmus Mundus programme.

Introduction
VIBOT is a two-year Master Program in 3D Vision and Robotics accredited in 2006 by the European Commission in the framework of the Erasmus Mundus program, a co-operation and mobility program of the European Commission in the field of higher education in order to promote the European Union as a centre of excellence in learning around the world. It is the only Erasmus Mundus Master Program in 3D Vision and Robotics among the 103 Erasmus Mundus Master Programs accredited since 2004 in all disciplines.

VIBOT Master students have courses in the three collaborating universities: Université de Bourgogne in France, University of Girona in Spain and Heriot-Watt University in Scotland. They spend one semester in each of these three universities and the fourth semester in training. The admission of the brightest students from all over the world, some of whom were already working in companies, allows to create an international and mobile educated workforce of high level for the European community.

VIBOT Master courses are given by faculties and visiting professors who belong to well-known research laboratories that have long-standing reputation for high quality research. The courses start from a comprehensive coverage of the prerequisites in the field of digital imaging (hardware and software) and basic image processing algorithms, and end up with research level teaching of their applications in the fields of robotics, medical imaging and 3D vision systems. The close location of research laboratories on campus allows the faculties to involve students at all stages of research and offer them many opportunities to participate in state-of-the-art research work.

Course structure
The Masters Course is divided in four semesters, each having a value of 30 ECTS. All the courses are taught in English in the three partner universities. However, the order in which the students attend the universities has changed from the first generation to the second generation of the program. Irrespective of the generation, the last semester consists of a training period, which is an introduction to research carried out in one of the laboratories of the (wider) network.

First generation

The so-called VIBOT first generation comprises the first five promotions of the program (promotions starting from 2006 to 2010). For this primer generation, the mobility order was the following: Scotland, Spain, France.

The first semester was carried out on the campus of Heriot Watt University in Scotland (UK). Its constituting modules covered an introduction to signal and image processing, as well as the key related area of artificial intelligence. These subjects were supplemented by local culture studies, and training for drafting documents in English.

The second semester took place in the Universitat de Girona, in Catalunya, Spain. Topics were currently highly relevant to scientific and industrial communities like the segmentation strategies, object recognition and description, the acquisition of 3D information, and the application of hardware for specific real time applications.  This semester covered: fundamentals on robotics, autonomous robots, scene segmentation and interpretation, visual perception, real time image processing and study of the local culture.

The third semester was hosted by the university Center Condorcet in Le Creusot, which is a delocalization of the Université de Bourgogne. The subjects covered were: pattern recognition, image analysis (including the problems of multiresolution analysis and deconvolution). These modules were supplemented by the study of various types of image modalities such as: infra-red, ultrasonic, radio-isotopique and X-ray imagery, with an emphasis on their application to medical imagery. A module of local culture was also provided.

Second generation

The VIBOT second generation starts in 2011 with the sixth promotion and is expected to last at least for five promotions. The main changes consist in the mobility order. Unlike the first generation, the second generation spends the semesters in the following order: France, Spain, Scotland. The overall objective is to start from science fundamentals and low-level image processing, then to introduce mid-level image processing, computer vision and applications in medical imaging, and to end with robotics and high-level integration so that the main methods and algorithms in the state-of-art of computer vision and robotics (through both a theoretical and applied point of view) are covered.

The organization of the semesters is as follows. An induction week is organized starting the first semester, in September, in Le Creusot during which the enrolled students are informed about the program, the assessment and the rules. The induction week also permits new students to meet second-year students or former VIBOT students. The first semester is held at Universite de Bougogne (UB) where the modules of Fundamentals on image processing, sensors and acquisition, as well as mathematics and computer science are taught. The second semester is hosted at Universitat de Girona (UdG) with subjects as improvements on image processing and pattern recognition, complements on computer vision and medical imaging and an introduction to robotics. The third semester is developed at Heriot-Watt University (HWU), and more advanced courses related to methods and high-level processing for real-time implementation and integration of vision and robotics are taught.

Training period

The training period in research corresponds to the fourth semester of the course. The laboratories belonging to the consortium of universities are the laboratories where the students are initially expected to do the training period. These laboratories are: Vision, Image and Signal Processing (VISP) and Ocean Systems Laboratory (OSL) in Heriot-Watt University, the laboratory for Computer Vision and Robotics (VICOROB) at the Universitat de Girona, and the Laboratory of Electronics, Informatics and Image (Le2i) in Le Creusot.
However, the training period can also take place in any validated host laboratory or research center throughout the world. The laboratories concerned belong to the worldwide research networks which the participating institutes have jointly developed through the international-class research activities of their laboratories. Some of the laboratories where some previous students have done their research fourth semester are: Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH (Offenbach am Main, Germany), Erasmus University Rotterdam (Rotterdam, Netherlands), Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems LAAS-CNRS (Toulouse, France), the French National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control INRIA (Grenoble, France), Toshiba Medical Visualization Systems Europe (Edinburgh, UK), Information and Communication Technologies (Queensland, Australia), SeeByte, Germany's National Research Center for Aeronautics and Space DLR (Wessling, Germany), the Computational Vision and Robotics Laboratory CVRL (Crete, Greece), Fraunhofer Institutes (Germany) among others.

VIBOT days
VIBOT Day 2008 was held in Le Creusot, France, on September 9, 2008. It was a one-day event during which participants learned more about the VIBOT Master program and the collaborative opportunities that were offered to companies wishing to sponsor the program. Participants also attended several oral and poster presentations given by newly graduated students that raised their awareness of the academic excellence of the students as well as the high level of the courses taught in the program. Moreover, the one-day event also gave an opportunity for participants to meet and discuss with past, current and future international students.

VIBOT Day 2009  was held at Heriot-Watt University Post-Graduate School, Edinburgh, UK, on June 19, 2009. It was a one-day event during which there were oral and poster presentations. The collaborative opportunities with different companies were also exposed.

VIBOT Day 2010 was held at the Science and Technology Park of the University of Girona in Spain during June 2010.

Vibot Day 2011 will be held also at the University of Girona on June 16, 2011.

Vibot Day 2012 was held again at the Science and Technology Park of the University of Girona during June 2012.

See also
 Université de Bourgogne
 Universitat de Girona
 Heriot-Watt University

References

External links

 VIBOT graduates page
 Official Erasmus Mundus Website
 VIBOT Season 1 Video
 86 étudiants pour le ViBot Day

College and university associations and consortia in Europe
Computer science education in the United Kingdom
Engineering education in the United Kingdom
Robotics in the United Kingdom


Jetstream is a 2008 documentary television series produced by Paperny Films for the network Discovery Channel Canada.  The series totals 8 episodes and premiered on January 8, 2008. The series was narrated by Canadian actor Kavan Smith.

Seven of the eight pilots are graduates of the Royal Military College of Canada:

21810 Capt. Michael (Mike) "Floater" M.R. Lewis (RMC ‘00)
21955 Capt. Riel "Guns" K. Erickson (RMC ‘01);
22537 Capt. Yannick "Blow" Jobin (RMC ‘03);
22542 Capt. Tristan "T-bag" Mckee (RMC ‘03);
22715 Capt. Timothy (Tim) "Nail'n" B. Coffin (RMC ‘03);
22821 Lt. Dave "Tickler" McLeod (RMC ‘04);
22848 Capt. Shamus "Carney" T. Allen (RMC ‘04)

The series was released on DVD in 2008.

Synopsis
Jetstream follows eight pilots training with the Royal Canadian Air Force to fly one of the most advanced supersonic tactical fighter jets in the world—the CF-18 Hornet at CFB Cold Lake, Alberta. They train under the 410 Tactical Fighter Training Squadron.

Episodes

DVD
Jetstream was released on DVD in 2008.  The DVD box set includes all eight episodes of the series, over 20 minutes of bonus footage, and a preview for the TV series Combat School.

Footnotes

External links

 Official page for Jetstream at Paperny Films site
 Official Jetstream site
 Toronto Star article about Peterborough, Ontario baby named after Captain Riel Erickson

2008 Canadian television series debuts
2008 Canadian television series endings
2000s Canadian reality television series
Discovery Channel (Canada) original programming
Documentary television series about aviation
English-language television shows