The 1820 New York gubernatorial election was held in April 1820 to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of New York. Governor Clinton was the incumbent. U.S. Vice President Tompkins had been governor from 1807 to 1817. Tompkins would be re-elected vice president, in November 1820.

Candidates
The Clintonian faction of the Democratic-Republican Party nominated incumbent DeWitt Clinton. For Lieutenant Governor they nominated incumbent John Tayler.

The anti-Clintonian faction of the Democratic-Republican Party nominated Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins.

Results
The Clintonian ticket of Clinton and Tayler was elected.

Sources
Result: The Tribune Almanac 1841

See also
New York gubernatorial elections
New York state elections

1820
New York
Gubernatorial election
1820 in New York (state)
April 1820 events


Coniferin is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. This white crystalline solid is a metabolite in conifers, serving as an intermediate in cell wall lignification, as well as having other biological roles. It can also be found in the water root extract of Angelica archangelica subsp. litoralis.

Vanillin was first synthesized from coniferin by chemists Ferdinand Tiemann and Wilhelm Haarmann.

References

Monolignol glucosides


Seán Hegarty (born 25 June 1968), better known by his stage name Marc Roberts, is an Irish singer, best known for representing Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1997. His song, "Mysterious Woman", finished in second place and reached number two on the Irish Singles Chart. He is originally from Crossmolina, County Mayo, and now based in Galway, where he presents a local radio show as well as continuing his singing career. He has to date released six studio albums.

Career

Marc Roberts rose to prominence when he represented Ireland in the 1997 Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Mysterious Woman". The song finished in second place behind Katrina and the Waves' "Love Shine a Light". The single made No.2 in the Irish Singles Chart, remaining on the chart for seven weeks. Following this, he released his debut, self-titled album and second single, "Babe".

In the early 2000s, Roberts returned with his second and third albums, Meet Me Half Way (2003) and Once in My life (2005), on which Roberts wrote a number of the songs. Around this time, Roberts joined local radio station Galway Bay FM as a guest presenter. Performing a three-hour afternoon show, 12pm to 3pm each Saturday, & Sunday 12pm to 1:30pm, called The Feel Good Factor, he continues in this role as of 2018.

In 2006, Roberts emerged as a songwriter by co-writing a number of songs on singer Daniel O'Donnell's album, Until the Next Time. This included the single "Crush on You", which reached No.21 in the UK Singles Chart. The album itself reached No.10 in the UK Albums Chart.

In 2008, Roberts attempted to represent Ireland again in the Eurovision Song Contest with his own composition, "Chances". The selection process was made by public vote during a live television broadcast from University Limerick on Saturday 23 February on RTÉ television. He lost out to "Irelande Douze Pointe" by Dustin the Turkey.

Three more albums followed over the next few years: The Promise (2010), Now and Then (2013) and A Tribute to the Music of John Denver (2015). The last of these saw Roberts embarking on a series of live shows, performing hits of John Denver for the past few years, including a show at Denver's hometown, Colorado.

References

External links

1968 births
Living people
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1997
Galway Bay FM presenters
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Ireland
Irish male singer-songwriters
Irish singer-songwriters
Musicians from County Mayo
Musicians from County Galway
RTÉ Radio 1 presenters
People from Crossmolina
Broadcasters from County Mayo
Broadcasters from County Galway


Queets Glacier is located in the Olympic Mountains in Olympic National Park in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier lies on the northwest side of Mount Queets at an elevation of about , the glacier descends northwest, bounded by two arêtes on either side. The ice reaches as low as  before terminating and giving rise to the headwaters of the Queets River.

See also
List of glaciers in the United States

References

Glaciers of the Olympic Mountains
Glaciers of Jefferson County, Washington
Glaciers of Washington (state)


Luke Ford (born 26 March 1981) is a Canadian-Australian actor. His career began in television in 2000 and his first film role was in 2006 before being cast in The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor in 2008. Ford's regular television roles include those in the Australian series Underbelly in 2013, Cleverman in 2017, and Amazing Grace in 2021.

Early life
Ford was born on 26 March 1981 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada but raised in Sydney, Australia. He attended Parramatta Marist High School in Westmead, Sydney, and once worked at the Winston Hills Hotel, and a short stint at Universal Magazines in North Ryde. Ford studied acting at The Actor's Pulse in Sydney, becoming one of the school's earliest graduates. He later returned to teach the Meisner technique when he was between film roles.

Film career
Ford began acting professionally with a string of performances on Australian television, starting with a guest-starring role on Water Rats, followed by roles on McLeod's Daughters, Home and Away, Stingers, Breakers and All Saints. He appeared in the TV movie Junction Boys alongside Tom Berenger, as Iphicles in the NBC miniseries Hercules, and in the short-lived Australian series Headland.

Ford was short listed for a 'Best New Talent' Logie Award for his recurring role of Craig Woodland on McLeod's Daughters.

Ford's film career began with the release of the Australian film Kokoda in 2006, delivering a performance as Burke, a slain soldier on the Kokoda Trail.

Next came The Black Balloon with Toni Collette, a performance that won him an Australian Film Institute Award for Best Supporting Actor in 2008. In the film, Ford plays Charlie Mollison, a boy with autism and ADD. Ford spent six months researching the role, including taking to the streets of Sydney in character to determine the effectiveness of his characterisation. The Black Balloon premiered at the Berlin Film Festival, where it won the Crystal Bear award.

Immediately following The Black Balloon, Ford signed on to star in the third instalment of the Mummy series, The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor opposite Brendan Fraser and Maria Bello. In the film, Ford plays Alex O'Connell, son of Fraser's Rick O'Connell and Bello's Evelyn O'Connell. The film was released in the US on 1 August 2008 and grossed $403 million worldwide.

In 2009, he had roles in 3 Acts of Murder and Ghost Machine.

In 2010 and 2011, he had roles in several Australian films, including Animal Kingdom, Red Dog and Face to Face.

Filmography

Films

Television

Video games

References

External links

Interview – Web Wombat Movie Channel

1981 births
Male actors from Vancouver
Australian male film actors
Australian people of Canadian descent
Canadian male film actors
Canadian male television actors
Canadian male voice actors
Living people
21st-century Canadian male actors
21st-century Australian male actors
Male actors from Sydney
Best Supporting Actor AACTA Award winners


FutureBasic is a free BASIC compiler for Apple Inc.'s Macintosh.

It consists of an integrated development environment (IDE), editor, project manager, etc. for both PowerPC and Intel microprocessors. Since 1 January 2008, the package has contained a translator, FBtoC, that converts the FutureBasic syntax to C and automatically calls Apple's GNU Compiler Collection (gcc). No knowledge of C is required. FutureBasic supports access to Mac OS library calls.

History
FB began life in the mid-1980s as ZBasic, which was created by Andrew Gariepy and envisioned as a cross-platform development system. Before long, the cross-platform aspects were dropped in favor of focusing on Macintosh development. ZBasic acquired a devoted following of developers who praised its ease of use and the tight, fast code produced by the compiler (a legendary labor involving extensive use of hand-built 68K assembly language code). In 1992 and as the next major step after ZBasic version 5, Zedcor Inc., the company of the Gariepy brothers Andy, Mike, Peter and friends based in Tucson, Arizona presented FutureBASIC (later called FBI). In 1995 Staz Software, led by Chris Stasny, acquired the rights to market FutureBASIC. Chris Stasny started this business with an upgraded version, namely FBII, and with his own development, the Program Generator (PG PRO), a CASE tool.

The transition from 68k to PowerPC central processing unit (CPU) was a lengthy process that involved a complete rewrite of the editor by Chris Stasny and an adaptation of the compiler by Andy Gariepy. The result of their efforts, a dramatically enhanced IDE called FB^3, was released in September 1999, featuring among many other things a separate compiler application, various open, hence modifiable runtimes, inline PPC assembly, a simplified access to the Macintosh Toolbox Application Programming Interface (API), as well as an expanded library of built-in functions. Major update releases introduced a full-featured Appearance Compliant runtime written by Robert Purves and the Carbon compliance of generated applications. Once completely carbonized to run natively on the Mac OS X, the FutureBASIC Integrated Development Environment (FB IDE) was called FB4 and first released in July 2004.

Based in Diamondhead, Mississippi, Staz Software was severely hit by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 and development pace was slowed at a time when major effort was required to keep the IDE up to date with Apple's evolution towards the Intel-based Macintosh.

In 2007, an independent team of volunteer FB programmers, known as the FBtoC team, developed a translator (FBtoC) that allows FB to generate applications as Universal Binaries through the use of the open source GCC compiler which is included with each copy of Apple's Mac OS X system software.

On January 1, 2008, Staz Software announced that FB would henceforth be freeware and FB4 with FBtoC 1.0 was made available.

Processor and operating system support

System requirements for original Macintosh release: Motorola 68000
System requirements to create universal binaries with FBtoC: Mac OS X v10.4 or higher, GCC 4.0 or higher, and the Cross-development SDKs must be installed.

Syntax

FutureBasic syntax supports procedural, modular styles of programming using function calls and local variables.

Program flow & structural blocks
User-defined functions (a.k.a. LOCAL FNs in FutureBasic) are much like C or Pascal functions.
 They can also be totally insulated from the main program (LOCAL MODE statement);
 they allow recursion;
 they can be called dynamically at runtime  (DEF FN USING statement);
 called automatically by FutureBasic built-in event vectors (ON EVENT FN statement);
 used as cooperative threaded functions (THREADBEGIN statement).

Specific structures (ENTERPROC/EXITPROC) are used for callback procedures when calling the Macintosh Toolbox.

The language provides the programmer with a complete set of vectors for event-driven applications, such as ON MENU, ON MOUSE, ON DIALOG, ON APPLEEVENT, ON EDIT, ON TIMER, etc.

Other structured keywords include conditional blocks such as:
 LONG IF .... XELSE ... END IF
 DO .... UNTIL
 WHILE ... WEND
 SELECT ... CASE... CASE ELSE ... END SELECT
 FOR ... NEXT

Legacy BASIC language commands such as: GOTO and GOSUB/RETURN with line numbers and labels - while discouraged - are supported for educational purposes.

An example of a simple program to input a number and display "Hello World" is given below
//Example FutureBasic program

dim i,num,a$                    //These are our variables

window 1                        //open standard window
input "Number of loops "; a$    //BASIC input from user
num=val(a$)                     //convert text to number
long if num>0                   //Structured IF
  for i = 1 to num              //BASIC loop
    print "hello world"         //output text
  next i                        //end of loop
 xelse                          //Otherwise
  print "Not today"             //no number entered
end if

do                              //Wait until Apple-Q
  HandleEvents
until ( gFBQuit )               //so that we can see results

Data types
FutureBasic supports complex data types include single and double precision floating points, double length integers, arrays, strings and records (similar to struct in C). Of note is the DYNAMIC array structures (size of memory footprint grows only when used) including DYNAMIC string arrays called INDEX$ and "container" variables which can perform string-like operations on data streams up to 2Gb in size.

C and Pascal borrowed coding styles
Commenting in the code is substantial allowing REMark statements, and C style  statements. Sections of code can be bookmarked for easy reference.

Other alternate syntax borrowed from C allows the use of operators such as ++ -- == != += -= || &&.

Characters in Pascal strings are accessible much like items of an array:  (length byte);  (first character in string ).

While the FutureBasic language still supports old style variable typing with suffix identifiers, it provides a modern alternative with the as clause:
; , ; etc.

Bridges to other languages

 AppleScript scripts can be assembled with FutureBasic statements then executed on the fly by a running application. Example:
route _toAppleScript
print "return the path to me as string"
route _toScreen

long if usr ApplescriptRun( message$ ) = _noErr
  print message$
end if
 FutureBasic allows the triggering of UNIX commands. Example:
// print a calendar for 2009
open "UNIX", 1, "cal 2009"
dim a$

  do
   line input #1, a$
   print a$
 until eof(1)
  close 1
 FB allows inline C code. Example:
BeginCFunction
// Simple C function to add two integers
long simple_add( long a, long b )
  {
    long sum;
      sum = a + b;
    return (sum);
  }
endC

// Define C function so FB can see it
toolbox fn simple_add ( long a, long b ) = long

// Create little program to add 2 + 2 with the C function

window 1

print fn simple_add ( 2, 2 )

do
HandleEvents
until ( gFBQuit )

Limitations
 No cross-platform development. This is a Macintosh-only compiler.
FutureBasic supports Macintosh Intel architectures but does not compile on or for any version of Microsoft Windows. and see bottom of page at:

References

 An history of Basic wars on the Mac platform by Jonathan Hoyle for MacCompanion, Part I MacCompanion, Part II
 ZBasic 5 reviewed by Dave Kelly for MacTech magazine
 FBI introduced major enhancements to the BASIC language, encouraging the developers to use named constants and local functions instead of subroutines for better structured programs and re-usable code.
 Home of Staz Software,inc.
 FBII was 32bit-clean and could run from Mac 128 to G5-based Macintosh in emulated mode.
 Program Generator is a Rapid application development tool that is flexible enough to build sophisticated applications quickly for the Macintosh pre-Mac OS X environments. For Mac OS X, Appearance compliant programs onwards, FutureBASIC uses Apple's Interface Builder.
  pronounced FB cubed.
  A week later the European edition was released which included English, Italian, German (now discontinued) and French  language versions. There is also a Japanese language edition.
 Starting with FB^3, a runtime consists of include files written in FutureBASIC that are compiled along with the source code written by the programmer. It contains various declarations for structures, constants, global variables, resources, functions and procedures that constitute the FutureBASIC language. The main runtimes are: Standard BASIC, Appearance Compliant and Mac Toolbox.
 The Appearance Compliant runtime allows access to most of the features of Apple's Appearance Manager.

Articles with example BASIC code
BASIC compilers
BASIC programming language family


Caversham Court is a public garden and was a mansion located on the north bank of the River Thames in Caversham, a suburb of Reading in the English county of Berkshire (formerly in Oxfordshire). The park lies within the St Peter's conservation area. The park is listed as Grade II in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Caversham Court gardens forms part of a series of riverside open spaces, managed by Reading Borough Council, that stretch along one or other side of the River Thames throughout its passage through Reading. From west to east these are Thameside Promenade, Caversham Court, Christchurch Meadows, Hills Meadow, View Island and King's Meadow.

House

The medieval community of Caversham was clustered on the north side of Caversham Bridge to the east of St Peter's Church, which was built in the 12th century. Walter Giffard, the second Earl of Buckingham, donated the land for the church and neighbouring rectory, together with a considerable amount of land around it, to the Augustinian Abbey of Notley near Long Crendon in Buckinghamshire. They erected a small monastic cell there.

After the Dissolution of the Monasteries, these lands were given to Christ Church, Oxford. Over the next four centuries, the Old Rectory, which became known as Caversham Court, was occupied by some of the most influential families in the Reading area, who both improved and enhanced the site.

A Tudor replacement for the original house was built around two courtyards. Its beautiful timber-framing led to its nickname of the Striped House. It had a 1638 staircase, with bullet holes from a Civil War attack, and an elaborate decorated plaster ceiling. Parts of both are preserved in the Museum of Reading. In the 1840s, the rectory and garden walls were rebuilt to a design by A W Pugin who gave the house a castellated facade with fretwork balustrading. The house was demolished in 1933.

Gardens

History
The gardens were laid out between 1660 and 1681 by Thomas Loveday as a private retreat surrounding the house. In 1933 the rectory and grounds were sold to Reading Corporation, who demolished the house. Initially there were plans to use part of the site for road building. However, the gardens were opened to the public in Easter 1934. Caversham Court is currently owned by Reading Borough Council. Until its closure for restoration the site had been used for religious purposes by local Pagans. The garden was re-opened on 7 August 2009.

The garden contains a number of Grade II listed buildings and features: the riverside garden pavilion (gazebo), the retaining walls to the raised walk leading to the gazebo, the screen wall along the north east boundary (early to mid 19th century), the retaining walls of axial east–west garden terrace walk (17th century, probably rebuilt in the 18th century), the 17th century stables and the retaining wall of St. Peter's Churchyard and Church of St Peter (a crinkle crankle wall) (18th century). The two-storey gazebo, built by 1663, is one of the oldest remaining examples in the country. It was partially restored in 1979/80.

Layout
The gardens are laid out on three terraces and cover an area of . The lower two consist of lawn dotted with mature trees; the upper terrace is the site of the old rectory and the original kitchen gardens which were converted to allotments during World War II as part of the "Dig for Victory" campaign. The allotments in the northwest corner preserve the boundaries of the kitchen gardens with its 'crinkle–crankle' wall and a tall yew hedge forming the southern boundary. The north boundary with the churchyard is 4 to 5 metres higher than the gardens below. In the northeast is the stable block of the former house.

Caversham Court contains a number of fine tree specimens in particular, a large Wellingtonia, a Bhutan Pine (Pinus wallichiana), a cedar of Lebanon, an Atlas cedar and a black mulberry near the main entrance. There are also massive yew hedges surrounding the allotment gardens in the north west of the park and an old layered yew, a feature popular in the seventeenth century, whereby a 'family' was created by layering to create a complete ring of 'offspring'.

Restoration
On 7 August 2009, the gardens reopened after a £1.6 million (US$2.5 million) restoration. The work has seen the establishment of a tea kiosk run by local charities and the proposal of a passenger ferry across the River Thames during events. Restoration work and ongoing maintenance of the gardens is promoted by the Friends of Caversham Court Gardens.

In 2010, the gardens won a Green Flag Award with Green Heritage Site Accreditation.

Open-air theatre and performance
Caversham Court hosts the annual Reading Open Air Shakespeare festival, staged by Reading's Progress Theatre each July. The festival originated in 1995, and until 2008 was staged in the ruins of Reading Abbey. The closure of these ruins for safety reasons meant that the festival did not run in 2009 or 2010, but it was relocated to Caversham Court in 2011, where it has remained.

References

External links

Caversham Court at Reading Borough Council

History of Oxfordshire
Country houses in Berkshire
Grade II listed parks and gardens in Berkshire
Buildings and structures in Reading, Berkshire
Parks and open spaces in Reading, Berkshire
Parks and open spaces on the River Thames


KBYO may refer to:

 KBYO-FM, a radio station (92.7 FM) licensed to Farmerville, Louisiana, United States
 KBYO (AM), a defunct radio station (1360 AM) formerly licensed to Tallulah, Louisiana


Utricularia buntingiana is a small epiphytic, perennial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. buntingiana is endemic to Venezuela, where it is only known from a few locations: the type location in Henri Pittier National Park, one collection on the Paraguaná Peninsula, and a few others from Falcón. It was originally published and described by Peter Taylor in 1975. Its habitat is reported as being mossy trees in montane forests at altitudes from  to . It has been seen flowering in June and July. Both U. buntingiana and U. praetermissa possess a double-curved corolla spur.

See also
 List of Utricularia species

References

Carnivorous plants of South America
Flora of Venezuela
buntingiana
Epiphytes


KEUN may refer to:

 KEUN (AM), a radio station (1490 AM) licensed to Eunice, Louisiana, United States
 KEUN-FM, a radio station (105.5 FM) licensed to Eunice, Louisiana, United States

People with the surname Keun include:
Hendrik Keun (1738–1787), painter from the northern Netherlands
Irmgard Keun (1905–1982), German author
Odette Keun (1888–1978), Dutch adventurer, journalist and writer

See also

Geun, a Korean name sometimes spelled Keun
KUEN, a television station licensed to Ogden, Utah, United States


KFXZ may refer to:

 KFXZ (AM), a radio station (1520 AM) licensed to Lafayette, Louisiana, United States
 KFXZ-FM, a radio station (105.9 FM) licensed to Opelousas, Louisiana, United States


The Poppleton Block is located at 1001 Farnam Street in Downtown Omaha, Nebraska. The building was built in 1880 for Omaha lawyer and politician A.J. Poppleton, and was designated an Omaha Landmark on July 13, 1982, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places later that year.

About
Designed by architect Henry Voss in the High Victorian Italianate style, the City of Omaha Landmarks Heritage Preservation Commission says it, "exemplifies the type of commercial building constructed in Omaha before the turn-of-the-century."

Poppleton used part of the three-story building to house his law firm but never actually worked there himself. The rest was leased out as office and commercial space. Over the years it continued to be used primarily for commercial purposes, and today it is still utilized as office space. The building includes heavily bracketed cornices and window openings that featuring a combination of round, segmental and stilted segmental arches. There are cast iron storefronts on the building, as well.

See also
 History of Omaha

References

External links

 Modern photo

Omaha Landmarks
National Register of Historic Places in Omaha, Nebraska
Commercial buildings completed in 1880
Office buildings in Omaha, Nebraska
Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Nebraska
1880 establishments in Nebraska
Italianate architecture in Nebraska


John Thomas Steinbock (July 16, 1937 – December 5, 2010) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the fourth bishop of the Diocese of Fresno in California from 1991 until his death in 2010.

Steinbock previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Orange in California from 1984 to 1987 and as bishop of the Diocese of Santa Rosa in California from 1987 to 1991.

Biography

Early life
Steinbock was born on July 16, 1937, in Los Angeles, California.  He was ordained to the priesthood for the Archdiocese of Los Angeles by Cardinal James McIntyre on May 1, 1963. He then served as associate pastor in two parishes in East Los Angeles. In 1972, he was appointed administrator of Santa Isabel Parish in East Los Angeles. Steinbock later became associate pastor (1973) and parochial vicar (1981) of St. Vibiana's Cathedral.

He served as president of the Los Angeles Priests' Council from 1979 to 1980, as well as a member of the Board of Consultors of the archdiocese from 1979 to 1982.

Auxiliary Bishop of Orange
On May 29, 1984, Steinbock was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Orange and titular bishop of Midila by Pope John Paul II. He received his episcopal consecration on July 14, 1984, from Cardinal Timothy Manning, with Bishops William Johnson and Manuel Moreno serving as co-consecrators.  Steinbock chose as his personal motto "All for the love of God."

Steinbock became vicar general of the diocese on July 18, 1984, and diocesan administrator on July 29, 1986.

Bishop of Santa Rosa
John Paul II named Steinbock as the third bishop of the Diocese of Santa Rosa on January 27, 1987.

Bishop of Fresno
John Paul II appointed Steinbock as the fourth bishop of the Diocese of Fresno on October 15, 1991.

In 2003, Steinbock published Ministry of Presence, a book of 100 vignettes from his 21 years ministering to the poor, immigrants and gang members in East Los Angeles and skid row. He wrote: "One may not be able to respond to the many problems in people's lives, but one can be with them in their sufferings and joys. And the priest is with the people, so that they understand that the Lord Jesus is with them, loving them, suffering with them."

Retirement and legacy
Steinbock died on December 5, 2010, in Fresno at age 73. He had been diagnosed with cancer in August and had been hospitalized at St. Agnes Medical Center in Fresno due to blood clots for about a month before his death.

References

Episcopal succession

1937 births
2010 deaths
People from Los Angeles
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles
Roman Catholic bishops of Santa Rosa in California
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States
21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States
Deaths from cancer in California
People from East Los Angeles, California


TenneT is a transmission system operator in the Netherlands and in a large part of Germany.

TenneT B.V. is the national electricity transmission system operator of the Netherlands, headquartered in Arnhem. Controlled and owned by the Dutch government, it is responsible for overseeing the operation of the 380 and 220 kV high-voltage grid throughout the Netherlands and its interconnections with neighbouring countries. It is additionally responsible for the 150 kV grid in South Holland.

In Germany, its subsidiary TenneT TSO GmbH is one of the four transmission system operators. Formerly named Transpower, it was taken over and renamed in 2010.

As of 2006, it operates 3,286 km of lines and cables at 150 kV and above, connecting at 51 high-voltage substations. Peak demand for 2006 was 14,846 MW. The sole shareholder is the Dutch Ministry of Finance.

History

TenneT was formed in 1998 when the Dutch electricity industry was liberalised, and was incorporated as a business in 2001 with the passing of the Electricity Production Sector Transition Act. Its statutory tasks included management of the national transmission grid and maintaining the balance between electrical supply and demand. In 2003, it acquired the regional system operator Transportnet Zuid-Holland.

TenneT moved beyond these regulated businesses in 2004 when it entered the gas market by acquiring EnergieKeuze, an online gas and power contract exchange market.  In 2005 TenneT further expanded its operations when, together with the Belgian and French TSOs Elia and RTE and the APX and Powernext power exchanges, it formed the Belgian Power Exchange Belpex. This granted it a right to participate in the Belgian electricity market.

Since 1 January 2010, Tennet owns the German high‑voltage grid operator Transpower Stromübertragungs GmbH, formerly a part of E.ON, now renamed to Tennet TSO GmbH. The agreed value of transaction was €885 million.  The company quoted several reasons for the merger, including price equalization, improved grid balancing, greater insight into grid situations, and better possibilities for sustainable development in both countries.

On 1 March 2018, the European Commission opened a formal antitrust investigation against TenneT, alleging it was deliberately bottlenecking the grid connection between Denmark and Northern Germany, preventing cheap wind and hydro power from Scandinavia from being exported to the German market. The Commission adopted a decision on 7 December 2018, imposing binding obligations on TenneT to allow at least 75% of the capacity to be utilized after a 6-month implementation period, as well as to expand the connection capacity from 1300MW to 2625MW by January 2026.

Early 2023, Tennet announced that the Dutch and German governments were discussing a potential sale of the Germany grid of Tennet.

TenneT is a partner in European Market Coupling Company.

DC links
In 2006, TenneT entered into construction of the 700 MW NorNed undersea HVDC submarine power cable with the Norwegian transmission operator Statnett. Commercial operation of the link was delayed by poor weather and a break in the cable, but it eventually entered operation on the night of 6 May 2008. Connecting the Norwegian and Dutch grids at Feda and Eemshaven, the ±450 kV bipolar cable is, at , the longest undersea power line in the world. During the first two months of test operations, it generated approximately €50 million in revenue, greatly exceeding estimates, and recovering 12% of its cost of construction.

TenneT formed a joint venture with the British transmission operator National Grid to construct the  1,000 MW BritNed HVDC link between the Isle of Grain, Kent and Maasvlakte, near Rotterdam. Operations begain on 1 April 2011, and as of January 2012, electricity flow has mostly been from the Netherlands to the UK. The BritNed interconnection is seen as a vital link for the foreseeable European super grid project.

A 700MW submarine power cable called COBRA (like NorNed, also from Eemshaven) to Denmark is operated with Energinet.dk from 2019, signing contracts with Siemens and Prysmian in 2016. Further 3½ GW offshore DC links are intended to provide a sea grid structure, and 6½ GW AC links are planned between Netherlands and Germany.

Its subsidiary Transpower Stromübertragungs together with Statnett operates the 1400MW NORD.LINK cable between Norway and Germany from 2020.

TenneT builds the 2 GigaWatt SuedLink, an onshore DC link between Hamburg and south Germany (near Frankfurt), but local opposition means that a timeline is unclear. Both SuedLink and NORD.LINK are on the EU "Projects of Common Interest" list, and SuedLink is supported by EU with €40 million.

TenneT plans onshore AC upgrades in North Germany, connecting new wind power to some of the above DC links.

Dogger Island

In 2016, TenneT suggested a 6 km2 artificial island in the Dutch corner of the Dogger Bank in the middle of the North Sea, connecting several GigaWatts of offshore wind farms with alternating current. Converters on the island would then transmit direct current to the countries around the North Sea in a more economic manner than if each wind farm had its own cable to the country building it. TenneT called for feasibility studies in 2017, and signed an agreement with Energinet. The challenge of coordinating several DC links is studied by the Technical University of Denmark using the Kriegers Flak connector as an example.

Suedlink

In Germany, most of the wind-power generation is located in the North, while most of the solar power plants are in the South. , cases of deficit of wind power in the North require using gas and coal powered power plants, even if the solar power is abundant in the South, and vice versa. To allow for a more robust redistribution of electricity, an almost 700 kilometer high-voltage direct current transmission line called "Suedlink" (sometimes spelled "Südlink") is planned to be built, connecting North of the country to its South. The overhead power line was originally planned to be finished in 2022. However, amid protest from local residents, the plan had to be converted to an underground power delivery system, and scheduled to be finished in 2028. It is expected to provide four gigawatts of electricity to around 10 million households.

The new plan continues to be protested by residents and land owners close to the route of the line. Opponents of the power line cite damage to the environment and habitat, loss of the development opportunities for the local communities as arguments against it. Demonstrators' claim is that instead of big distributors like TenneT, Germany should rely more on a decentralized system of photovoltaics, wind energy and hydrogen.

See also

 50Hertz Transmission
 Amprion
 Elia System Operator

References

External links

Electric power transmission system operators in Germany
Electric power transmission system operators in the Netherlands
Companies established in 1998
Government-owned companies of the Netherlands


Community journalism is locally-oriented, professional news coverage that typically focuses on city neighborhoods, individual suburbs or small towns, rather than metropolitan, state, national or world news.

If it covers wider topics, community journalism concentrates on the effect they have on local readers. Community newspapers, often but not always publish weekly, and also tend to cover subjects larger news media do not. Some examples of topics are students on the honor roll at the local high school, school sports, crimes such as vandalism, zoning issues and other details of community life. However, such "hyperlocal" articles are sometimes dismissed as "chicken dinner" stories.

Leo Lerner, founder of Chicago's erstwhile Lerner Newspapers, used to say, "A fistfight on Clark Street is more important to our readers than a war in Europe."

An increasing number of community newspapers are now owned by large media organizations, although many rural papers are still "mom and pop" operations.

Most community journalists are professionally trained reporters and editors. Some specialized training programs in community journalism have recently emerged at established undergraduate and graduate journalism programs. Community journalism should not be confused with the work of citizen journalists, who are often unpaid amateurs, or with civic journalism, although many community newspapers practice that.

At the "Emerging Mind of Community Journalism" conference in Anniston, Ala., in 2006, participants created a list characterizing community journalism: community journalism is intimate, caring, and personal; it reflects the community and tells its stories; and it embraces a leadership role.

Figures

In the United States, about 97% of newspapers are classified as "community" newspapers, with circulations below 50,000. Others in the field say the circulation limit should be 30,000. However, in her book Saving Community Journalism, Penny Abernathy argues that most newspapers under 100,000 should consider themselves community newspapers because their reason for being is service to a community or a group of communities.

History

Community journalism got its name from a Montana editor, Ken Byerly, early in his tenure as a professor of journalism at UNC-Chapel Hill in 1957-71.  Although the term is relatively new, community journalism has been around since the founding fathers. He used the term as a new name for a course that had been titled "Editing the Country Weekly" because it didn't fit the suburban newspapers that had developed in the 1950s. He chose community journalism because it fit both the weeklies and small dailies of the day.

The journalism debate

Not everyone agrees on the principles or practices of community journalism. Traditionally, journalists advocate avoiding any real or perceived conflict of interests, which can be anything from refraining from joining community groups, to not pledging money to a candidate they support. Community journalism, however, encourages the coverage of news that hits close to home, even for the journalist covering the story.

Some philosophers encourage professional journalists to remain independent, whereas others insist on committing to local and generalized communities as a prerequisite for true citizenship. Some say community involvement is fine for editors and publishers, but not for the reporters who have the ability to "shape" the news. Critics say this involvement is a risk for anyone involved in producing the news.

Clifford Christians, co-author of Good News Social Ethics and the Press, urges journalists to realize that their publics may gravitate toward self-interest, and therefore the journalists should report stories that lessen the isolationism that comes from reading wider, world-based stories. A fundamental flaw in community journalism is the stubborn resistance to change and a compulsion to shape the system to maintain community standards.

Loyalty to a community is the inevitable price of acceptance, and the fee is creating sharp conflicts with allegiance to the truth. Through community journalism, attitudes about necessary information change from the need for a broad range of information (pluralism) to a reliance on information necessary to maintain community values and fortify the status quo (reinforcement).

Sooner or later group importance could transcend the value of distributing accurate information both internally to members of the group, and externally about the community or group.

Others think the switch toward community journalism is a natural reaction to our out-of-touch mega media. J. Herbert Altschull, writer of "A Crisis of Conscience: Is Community Journalism the Answer?" sees community journalism as a natural outgrowth from concerns of the media's slippage in credibility and influence.

Organizations

The International Society of Weekly Newspaper Editors, which has 260 members in seven countries (U.S., Canada, U.K., Ireland, Japan, Australia, New Zealand), encourages and promotes independent editorial comment, news content, and leadership in community newspapers throughout the world. Its purpose is to help those involved in the community press improve standards of editorial writing and news reporting and to encourage strong, independent editorial voices.

Examples

Portland, ME

A publication devoted solely to state education reform was created by Maine Sunday Telegram/Portland Press Herald Editor, Lou Ureneck and Maine Council of Churches, Sarah Campbell. Their primary objective was to create study circles to dispense information to the public on the different perspectives on education:

To prepare one for a job
To teach lifelong learning
To develop good citizens
To teach the basics

This newspaper, as with many community journalism publications, has sole control over editorial content. The content itself is very important and relevant to Maine communities and revolves around "core value" choices, as determined by the community. The community journalist reporters were required to give readers a background on each perspective and to "write an expository rather than conventional he-said/she-said style."

The publication ran more than 100 inches of factual reporting on education in Maine, as well as op-ed pieces promoting one of the four perspectives, and summary reports on the opposing viewpoint. The newspaper was received well, and, as a result, roughly 700 community members took part in the reader roundtables.

Virginia

The Virginian Pilot is a second example of a community newspaper. This publication sought to "show how the community works or could work" and to "portray democracy in the fullest sense of the word, whether in a council chamber or a cul-de-sac."

Known as the Public Life Team, they meet with panels of citizens regularly to "tap their thoughts and dreams for the regions' future." Additionally, they have changed the perception of criminal sentencing from a polarized issue to one that rehabilitation advocates were in favor of. Finally, they opened a line of communication between various community members for the Hall Place neighborhood. "The Pilot got black and white residents to talk freely about the plan." Without the assistance of the Pilot, the community would not have come to the conclusion that it "ought to be what was good for the city as a whole."

This publication in particular has paved way for other community journalists, mainly due to its experimental nature and eagerness to give reporters the opportunity to brainstorm ideas together. Overall, the Pilot wants to improve the tone of public discourse in the Virginian community.

London, United Kingdom

Fitzrovia News is an example from a central London neighbourhood. Residents and volunteers produce a quarterly printed newspaper delivered free to all residential addresses and local businesses in the district of Fitzrovia. The paper which also has a website and social media network covers issues of concern to residents and small businesses. Originally called The Tower it is perhaps the United Kingdom's oldest community newspaper.

Community blogging

There is a growing number of community blogs coming to the surface. These local bloggers and community members (many who have no journalism background) join together to write about and advocate for their community in an online forum. These blogs serve as watchdogs to hold the public and other media outlets accountable for their actions. According to a Zogby International survey, 70% of Americans say journalism is important to maintaining community quality of life, and 67% say the traditional media are out of touch with what citizens want from their news. One more Journalist community was developed by Team Media services (TMS), Hyderabad (India) based Telug News Agency by name "Crime Reporter's Community"

Community blogs also provide a service to organizations that encourage civic engagement. It give them a birds-eye-view of the happenings of the communities they affect without interjecting themselves into any one community.

Emergence of mobile news

According to the "State of the News Media: An Annual Report on American Journalism", nearly half of all American adults (47%) report that they get at least some local news and information on their cell phone or tablet computer. They are interested in obtaining news that is practical and in real time and fall under the demographic of higher socioeconomic status, younger, newer residents, reside in non-rural areas, and parent minor children.

Mobile news is important because participants "feel they can have an impact on their communities, more likely to use a variety of media platforms, feel more plugged into the media environment than they did a few years ago, and are more likely to use social media."

Citizens can not only read news from their local community, with tablets and smart phones, they can also share and post links to stories, comment, or contribute themselves.

Survey

The Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism and Internet & American Life Project partnered with the Knight Foundation to conduct a national survey from January 12–25, 2011. They polled 2,251 adults over the age of 18 in both English and Spanish to "explore the role that cell phones and tablet computers play in people's patterns of consuming and contributing to community information.

Results

84% of adult Americans own a cell phone and 47% of that population access local news and information on mobile devices, as it serves an immediate need.

However, those polled stated that topics like crime, community events, schools and education, and politics and cultural events are a fraction of topics sought after. In other words, citizens have not reached the point where they use mobile devices as a primary source to acquire community journalism-related subjects.

Purpose
Community newspapers throw most of their weight behind supplying local coverage and making national and international news stories relate by finding a significant local angle. They embrace their civil role by promoting the general welfare of the community. The finest community newspapers recognize and accept this covenant with their towns: that they are key stakeholders and players in the forces that help build and celebrate their communities. Community journalism is a serious effort to return to the reputation journalism once had, and to restore the role of the press to its original purpose—that is, to serve as a breeding place for ideas and opinions.

At their best, community newspapers affirm a sense of community through their publications. It emphasizes connectedness and "us-ness." It's covering school plays across four columns with pictures of the students large enough to see their faces. It's showing the community members that they, as individuals, matter.

Measurement

Through a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of scholarship on
community and news media, community news media should (a) facilitate the process of negotiating
and making meaning about community and (b) reveal or ensure understanding
of community structure.

Community journalism would ideally reveal, or make individuals aware of, spaces, institutions,
resources, events, and ideas that may be shared, and encourage such sharing. The practice should also facilitate the process of negotiating and making meaning about a community.

It is suggested that news media outlets do not choose to either practice community journalism exclusively or disregard it. Rather, media outlets generally engage in some degree of community journalism, as measured by the types of practices they follow and the intensity with which they follow them. A summated scale of multiple ordinal-level items would be an appropriate measure of community journalism. This is because community journalism is on a scale on which data is shown simply in order of magnitude since there is no standard of measurement of differences.

In addition, numerous studies in this analysis suggest that any scale measure of community journalism should accommodate the impact of the community's power structure on news decisions and should address the need for inclusion of less powerful voices.

Criteria

One way to measure the degree to which news outlets reveal community structure is the following list:
Media outlet content provides

Communities with contact information for community leaders, officials, experts, and community organizations.
Information from community leaders, officials, experts, and community organizations that is usable and relevant to community members.
Information on community services and institutions.
Information so that communities understand how to use services and institutions.
Information on clubs and organizations.
Information that helps communities understand how to get involved with local or relevant clubs and organizations.
Information that helps communities take advantage of local or relevant events and festivities.

See also

 Creative nonfiction
 History of journalism
 History of American newspapers
 Journalism
 Journalism ethics and standards
 Journalism education and Journalism school
 Journalism genres
 Non-profit journalism
 Objectivity (journalism)
 Yellow journalism

Notes

External links

 Citizen Journalism page on Facebook

Types of journalism


The Prudence Building, or Prudence Bonds Building, was a fourteen-story edifice at the southeast corner of Madison Avenue and 43rd Street, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.  It was the headquarters of the Prudence Bonds Corporation,  opening in October 1923. Stores on the street level were leased to affluent shops. The banking floor was a close likeness of the Bankers Trust Company building at the southeast corner of Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street. The Bank of Manhattan was accorded a 21-year lease and moved its headquarters from 40 Wall Street. The building was demolished in 2016 and the site is now the location of One Vanderbilt.

Design

The structure was built on a plot 66.8 by . The building was entered from Madison Avenue via antique bronze doors.  The entrance floor opened into a sixteen-foot-wide marble corridor
with elevators leading to the upper floors. An imposing stairway of Italian Travertine marble, ten feet wide with ample landings, led directly to the banking floor. This area was eleven feet above street level. It was composed of marble with a twenty-foot ceiling of Roman architecture classic design. An artistic screen of marble and statuary bronze surrounded the banking space.

The former Charles building was incorporated into the Prudence Building, which encompassed the area once occupied by several structures. The Charles building space became the loan department of the new edifice, a quiet section constructed of steel.

Political importance
The headquarters of the New York State Committee for the presidential campaign of Al Smith opened in the Prudence Building on May 5, 1924. The
committee's chairman was Franklin Delano Roosevelt. After
retiring from politics in 1929,  Smith made his permanent home an apartment at the southeast corner of 12th Street and  Fifth Avenue. His office was in the Prudence Building. It was the administrative center of  Tammany Hall in 1950, having relocated from their former headquarters at East 17th Street and 4th Avenue in 1943. Specifically its offices were on the 5th floor of the Prudence Building.

Business locale

C. Klauberg & Bros., Inc., a razor and cutlery firm established in the early 19th century moved its quarters from the Prudence Building to the Biltmore Hotel at Madison Avenue and 43rd Street, January 1936.  By making the change in location, the company increased its space by three
times. Hoffritz, Inc., a cutlery interest with a store in the
McAlpin Hotel, leased a unit in the Prudence Building in May 1936. Wheelock, Harris & Company negotiated the rental.

References

Demolished buildings and structures in Manhattan
Former skyscrapers
Office buildings in Manhattan
Cultural history of New York City
1923 establishments in New York City


was the seventh studio album released by the Japanese rock band The Blue Hearts and the eighth album released overall.

Tracks
"Tegami" (手紙 Letter)
"Midori no Happa" (緑のハッパ Green Leaf)
"Torch Song" (トーチソング Tōchi Songu)
"Ame Agari" (雨上がり After the Rain)
"Toshi o Torō" (年をとろう Get Older)
"Yoru no Tōzokudan" (夜の盗賊団 Night Thieves)
"King of Rookie" (キング・オブ・ルーキー Kingu obu Rūkii)
"Muchi to Manto" (ムチとマント Whip and Cloak)
"Takaramono" (宝もの Treasures)
"Yūgure" (夕暮れ Twilight)
"Party" (パーティー Paatii)
"Chance" (チャンス Chansu)

References

The Blue Hearts albums
1993 albums


Dahl or Dahle is a surname of Germanic origin. Dahl, which means valley in the North Germanic languages (tal in German, dale in northern England English), is common in Germany, Norway, Denmark, Sweden and the Faroe Islands. The origin of the German forms Dahl and Dahle may have been in medieval Westphalia. In Germany about 11 places are called Dahl. In the Netherlands, a suburb of the city of Nijmegen (which in turn is named after an old estate in the area) is called "Heyerdaal" (also spelled as "Heijerdaal"), in which "daal" also means "valley". Other examples are "Bloemendaal," "Rozendaal," and "Roosendaal."
There are several variations as it was common to add a suffix to Dahl in order to denote the name bearer's original locale or occupation. You also find several variations of -dahl used with prefixes (Heyerdahl, Heimendahl...).

Dahl

Arts and media
 Arlene Dahl (1925–2021), American film actress
 Arne Dahl, pen name of Swedish crime writer Jan Arnald
 Arnim Dahl (1922–1998), German Stuntman
 Carina Dahl (born 1962), Swedish writer and film director
 Carina Dahl (born 1985), Norwegian pop singer and songwriter
 Cecilie Dahl (1858–1943), Norwegian painter
 Cecilie Dahl (born 1960), Norwegian artist
 Elena Dahl (born 1947), Russian-Swedish author and translator
 Felicity Dahl (born 1938), British film producer; wife of Roald Dahl
 Gustaf Dahl (1835–1927), Swedish architect
 Hans Dahl (1849–1937), Norwegian painter
 Hjalmar Dahl (1891–1960), Finnish translator and writer
 Ingolf Dahl (1912–1970), German-born American composer of Swedish ancestry
 Johann Christian Dahl (1788–1857), Norwegian artist
 John Dahl (born 1956), American filmmaker
 Kjell Ola Dahl (born 1958), Norwegian writer writing as K. O. Dahl
 Karen Dahl (born 1955), Canadian artist
 Laura Dahl (born 1974),  American fashion designer
 Louise Dahl-Wolfe (1895–1989), Norwegian-American fashion and portrait photographer
 Michael Dahl (1659–1743), Swedish painter
 Oleg Dahl (1941–1981), Russian actor
 Roald Dahl (1916–1990), British novelist
 Sophie Dahl (born 1977), British model and writer; granddaughter of Roald Dahl
 Stephan Dahl (born 1971), British writer and a lecturer
 Steve Dahl (born 1954), American radio personality
 Tessa Dahl (born 1957), British writer; daughter of Roald Dahl
 Viking Dahl (1895–1945), Swedish composer

Education and academia
 Christopher Dahl (administrator) (born 1946), American college president from New York
 Darren Dahl, Canadian business economist
 Olga Dahl (1917–2009), Swedish genealogist
 Robert A. Dahl (1915–2014), American political scientist
 Vladimir Dahl (1801–1872), Russian lexicographer

Military
 Arne Dagfin Dahl (1894–1990), Norwegian general and commander of the Independent Norwegian Brigade Group in Germany
 Larry G. Dahl (1949–1971), US Army veteran and Medal of Honor recipient

Politics
 Donald Dahl (1945–2014), American politician
 Gregory L. Dahl (born 1952), American politician and lawyer
 Harold J. Dahl (1930–1989), American politician and judge
 Kristian Thulesen Dahl (born 1969), head of the largest party of the incumbent ruling bloc of Denmark
 Niels Lauritz Dahl (1925–2014), Norwegian diplomat
 Olaf H. Dahl (1870-1942), American businessman and politician

Religion
 Jákup Dahl (1878–1944), Faroese provost and Bible translator
 Laila Riksaasen Dahl (born 1947), Norwegian Lutheran bishop
 K. G. William Dahl (1883–1917), Swedish-American Lutheran pastor, author and social advocate

Science
 Anders Dahl (1751–1789), Swedish botanist
 Friedrich Dahl (1856–1929), German zoologist
 Gustaf Dahl (1835–1927), Swedish architect
 Knut Dahl (1871–1951), Norwegian ichthyologist
 Lawrence F. Dahl (1929–2021), professor emeritus of chemistry at the University of Wisconsin–Madison
 Nikolai Dahl (1860–1939), Russian physician and Sergei Rachmaninov's psychologist
 Ole-Johan Dahl (1931–2002), Norwegian computer scientist

Sports
 Albin Dahl (1900–1980), Swedish soccer player
 Alexander Dahl (1892–1978) German balloonist and author
 Craig Dahl (born 1985), American ice hockey coach- St. Cloud State University
 David Dahl (baseball) (born 1994), American baseball outfielder
 Harvey Dahl (born 1981), American National Football League player-St. Louis Rams
 Ida-Marie Dahl (born 1998), Danish handball player
 Ingrid Dahl (born 1964), Norwegian chess master
 Jay Dahl (1945–1965), American baseball pitcher
 Jon Dahl Tomasson (born 1976), Danish football (soccer) player
 Viljo Petersson-Dahl (born 1982), Swedish wheelchair curler

Dahle

Arts and music
Gro Dahle (born 1962), Norwegian poet and writer
Kurt Dahle (contemporary), Canadian rock drummer
Ryan Dahle (born 1970), Canadian rock musician

Politics
Herman Dahle (1855–1920), American politician from Wisconsin; U.S. congressman
Kevin Dahle (born 1960), American politician from Minnesota; state legislator
Torstein Dahle (born 1947), Norwegian politician and economist

Sports
Mona Dahle (born 1970), Norwegian Olympic handball player

Other
Johann Dahle (1749-1847), Hessian soldier and pioneering Virginian
Øystein Dahle (born 1938), Norwegian businessman and organizational leader

See also
Dahlin (surname)
Dahlen (surname)
Dale, surname that had a similar spelling

References

Danish-language surnames
Norwegian-language surnames
Swedish-language surnames


KNCB may refer to:

 KNCB (AM), a radio station (1320 AM) licensed to Vivian, Louisiana, United States
 KNCB-FM, a radio station (105.3 FM) licensed to Vivian, Louisiana, United States
 Koninklijke Nederlandse Cricket Bond (Royal Netherlands Cricket Board), the federation of all Dutch cricket clubs


Mary Morris (1915–1988) was a British actress.

Mary Morris may also refer to:
Mary Philipse Morris (1730–1825), American socialite
Mary Morris Knowles (1733–1807), née Morris, English Quaker poet and abolitionist
Mary Wells Morris (1764–1819), namesake of Wellsboro, Pennsylvania
Mary Morris (doctor) (1873–1925), British doctor and suffragist
Mary Morris (American actress) (1895–1970)
Mary Morris (diarist) (1921–1997), Irish nurse and diarist
Mary McGarry Morris (born 1943), American novelist
Mary Morris (writer) (born 1947), American author

See also
May Morris (1862–1938), English craftswoman and designer


KVCL may refer to:

 KVCL-FM, a radio station (92.1 FM) licensed to serve Winnfield, Louisiana, United States
 KVCL (AM), a defunct radio station (1270 AM) formerly licensed to serve Winnfield, Louisiana, United States


Leo Kottke: 1971–1976 is a compilation album of songs released on Capitol during Kottke's tenure with that label. It is sometimes referred to as Did You Hear Me? due to the handwritten caption on the photo on the cover. It peaked at #153 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts.

History
After the release of Chewing Pine, Kottke subsequently signed with Chrysalis Records. Six of the songs here were edited or re-mixed for this release. The track "Morning is the Long Way Home" is an edited down version of the original release from Ice Water, minus the vocals. Kottke would re-record this version again in 1999 on One Guitar, No Vocals.

The song "Pamela Brown" was also featured as the sole Leo Kottke track in a promotional-only compilation album from 1976 issued by Capitol records entitled The Greatest Music Ever Sold (Capitol SPRO-8511/8512), which was distributed to record stores during the 1976 Holiday season as part of Capitol's "Greatest Music Ever Sold" campaign. The campaign promoted 15 different Best Of... albums released by the label. Each of the actual albums represented were adorned with a gold-foiled round sticker which read "The Greatest Music Ever Sold", adhered to the front of the shrinkwrap.

Track listing
All tracks composed by Leo Kottke; except where indicated

Side one
 "Morning is the Long Way Home" Instrumental Break – 3:40
 "June Bug" – 2:12
 "When Shrimps Learn to Whistle" – 3:30
 "Room 8" – 2:58
 "Cripple Creek" (Traditional, arranged by Leo Kottke) – 1:55
 "Pamela Brown" (Tom T. Hall) – 4:03
 "Standing on the Outside" (Leo Kottke, Mary Kottke) – 2:31

Side two
 "Grim to the Brim" – 3:10
 "Power Failure" (Gary Brooker, Keith Reid) – 2:22
 "You Tell Me Why" (Ron Elliott) – 3:56
 "Why Ask Why?" (Norman Gimbel, Ken Lauber) – 2:09
 "Open Country Joy (Constant Traveler)" (John McLaughlin) – 3:39
 "All Through the Night" (Traditional, arranged by Leo Kottke) – 1:38
 "The Scarlatti Rip-Off" – 3:26

Personnel
Leo Kottke - 6 & 12-string guitar
Bill Peterson - bass
Bill Berg - drums
Bill Barber - piano, synthesizer
Larry Taylor - bass
Paul Lagos - drums
Herb Pilhofer - piano
Production notes:
Produced by Denny Bruce
Art Direction: John Van Hamersveld
Photography: John Seidermann, Denny Bruce

References

External links
 Leo Kottke's official site
 Unofficial Leo Kottke web site (fan site)

Albums produced by Denny Bruce
Leo Kottke compilation albums
1976 compilation albums
Capitol Records compilation albums


In human anatomy, the neurocranium, also known as the braincase, brainpan, or brain-pan is the upper and back part of the skull, which forms a protective case around the brain.   In the human skull, the neurocranium includes the calvaria or skullcap. The remainder of the skull is the facial skeleton.

In comparative anatomy, neurocranium is sometimes used synonymously with endocranium or chondrocranium.

Structure
The neurocranium is divided into two portions:
 the membranous part, consisting of flat bones, which surround the brain; and
 the cartilaginous part, or chondrocranium, which forms bones of the base of the skull.
In humans, the neurocranium is usually considered to include the following eight bones:
 1 ethmoid bone
 1 frontal bone
 1 occipital bone
 2 parietal bones
 1 sphenoid bone
 2 temporal bones
The ossicles (three on each side) are usually not included as bones of the neurocranium. There may variably also be extra sutural bones present.

Below the neurocranium  is a complex of openings (foramina) and bones, including the foramen magnum which houses the neural spine. The auditory bullae, located in the same region, aid in hearing.

The size of the neurocranium is variable among mammals. The roof may contain ridges such as the temporal crests.

Development
The neurocranium arises from paraxial mesoderm. There is also some contribution of ectomesenchyme. In Chondrichthyes and other cartilaginous vertebrates this portion of the cranium does not ossify; it is not replaced via endochondral ossification.

Other animals
The neurocranium is formed by the combination of the endocranium, the lower portions of the cranial vault, and the skull roof. Through the course of evolution, the human neurocranium has expanded from comprising the back part of the mammalian skull to being also the upper part: during the evolutionary expansion of the brain, the neurocranium has overgrown the splanchnocranium. The upper-frontmost part of the cranium also houses the evolutionarily newest part of the mammal brain, the frontal lobes.

In other vertebrates, the foramen magnum is oriented towards the back, rather than downwards. The braincase contains a greater number of bones, most of which are endochondral rather than dermal:

 The singular basioccipital is the rear lower part of the braincase, below the foramen magnum. It is homologous to the basilar part of the occipital bone. In the ancestral tetrapod, the basioccipital makes up most of a large central knob-like surface, the occipital condyle, which articulates with the vertebrae as a ball-and-socket joint. This plesiomorphic ("primitive") state is retained by modern reptiles and birds. The underside of the basioccipital may have a pair of large projections which act as neck muscle attachments: the basitubera (also known as basioccipital tubera or basal tubera)
 The paired exoccipitals (singular: exoccipital) are visible at the rear of the braincase, adjacent to the foramen magnum and above the basioccipital. They are homologous to the lateral parts of the occipital bone. Modern amphibians and mammals have independently acquired inflated exoccipitals, acting as paired occipital condyles while the basioccipital is reduced and loses its connection to the vertebrae.
 The singular supraoccipital is the rear upper part of the braincase, above the foramen magnum and below or behind the parietals or postparietals. It is homologous to the squamous part of the occipital bone, which is greatly enlarged in humans.
 The paired opisthotics (singular: opisthotic) form most of the rear lateral part of the braincase, in front of the exoccipitals and above the foramen ovale. They also contribute to the paroccipital process, a lateral projection which acts as a buttress between the braincase and the outer skull bones. In many tetrapods, the opisthotic is fused to its corresponding exoccipital. The jugular foramen is usually found near the point of fusion.
 The paired prootics (singular: prootic) form the lateral part of the braincase, in front of the opisthotics. The front edge of the prootic is typically deeply notched by the exit hole for the trigeminal nerve (V). Many other nerve exits are scattered among the prootic, opisthotic, and exoccipital. The prootic is homologous to the petrous part of the temporal bone (in humans) or the petrosal bone (in other mammals).
 Some reptiles have a laterosphenoid in front of the prootic. This bone is present in archosaurs and a few other archosauromorphs, as well as the stem-turtle Proganochelys.
 The singular basisphenoid forms the front lower part of the braincase, in front of the basioccipital and below the prootics. Each side of the basisphenoid hosts a basipterygoid process, a lateral rod which bends down and out to link to the pterygoid bones of the bony palate. The basisphenoid may also act as a component of the basitubera.
 The singular parasphenoid is one of the few dermal components of the braincase, a flat plate below the basisphenoid. The parasphenoid acts as a component of the bony palate, wedging between the pterygoid bones and often ornamented with small tooth-like denticles. In many vertebrates the parasphenoid and basisphenoid are fused into a single bone, the parabasisphenoid. The front part of the parabasisphenoid is a blade-like structure, the cultriform process, which extends much further forward than the rest of the braincase.

Additional images

See also
Cranial cavity

References

External links
 Earliest Directly-Dated Human Skull-Cups

External links

Bones of the head and neck
Human anatomy


Marcos Tulio Coll Tesillo (23 August 1935 – 5 June 2017), also known as El Olímpico was a Colombian professional footballer. He played for Junior de Barranquilla and other clubs, and represented Colombia in the 1962 FIFA World Cup. He was famous for scoring the first and only Olympic goal in any men's FIFA World Cup, beating legendary goalkeeper Lev Yashin in a 4–4 draw against the Soviets in 1962.

Early life
Coll was born in Barranquilla in 1935.

Career
He started his career with Sporting Barranquilla (1952–55). In 1956, he played for Independiente Medellín and played his first match for Colombia in a 1958 FIFA World Cup Qualifier in the same year. He later played for Deportes Tolima in 1960. Shortly thereafter in 1962 Coll joined América de Cali where he was remembered with scoring a notable goal. In 1965 he played for Deportes Tolima. In the period of 1970-1971 Coll played for Atlético Junior after which he retired from his career as a footballer.

1962 Olympic goal

This achievement came in Arica, Chile, on 3 June 1962, during the development of the game between Colombia and the USSR of the first round of the World Cup. Colombia was down 4–1. Then they were given a corner kick. Marco Coll kicked the ball and scored a direct goal. Colombia would eventually tie with USSR with goals from Antonio Rada and Marino Klinger. At one interview, Coll claimed he aimed for the goal as the Colombian players were too short compared to their Russian opponents. Coll also said it was the first and only time he ever tried to score a goal from that position. The goal inspired a reaction to tie the game 4–4.

Death
Coll died on 5 June 2017, aged 81, in his native Barranquilla after a short illness.

See also

Olympic goal
1962 FIFA World Cup

References

External links

News/FIFA.com (In Spanish)
Tom Williams: Do You Speak Football?: A Glossary of Football Words and Phrases...
Worlds best Sporting people-Including Marcos Coll (In Spanish)

1935 births
2017 deaths
Footballers from Barranquilla
Colombian men's footballers
Colombia men's international footballers
1962 FIFA World Cup players
Categoría Primera A players
Independiente Medellín footballers
Deportes Tolima footballers
Club Atlético River Plate footballers
América de Cali footballers
Atlético Junior footballers
Colombian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Argentina
Atlético Junior managers
Men's association football midfielders
Colombian football managers
Colombian people of Scottish descent
Deportes Tolima managers


WBOX may refer to:

 WBOX (AM), a radio station (920 AM) licensed to Bogalusa, Louisiana, United States
 WBOX-FM, a radio station (92.9 FM) licensed to Varnado, Louisiana, United States


Colombia–Israel relations are the diplomatic relations between Colombia and Israel officially established in the mid-1950s.

General

In an article in the Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs, Marcos Peckel, a Colombian scholar noted that Colombian-Israeli relations can be looked through the lenses of military cooperation, trade links, education and culture, and recognition of Palestine. Militarily, Colombia was one of the first countries to give Israel weapons and engage in arms deals, which has since been an ongoing bilateral agreement. Since, Israel and Colombia have shared intelligence, and as Peckel explains, several pieces of Israeli technology. Trade-wise, too, both countries have a strong relationship. The Free Trade Agreement, a pending agreement between Colombia and Israel, has the potential to further strengthen these relationships by boosting Colombian imports in Israel and increasing the presence of Israeli technology in Colombia. The spheres of education and culture between Colombia and Israel are deeply interwoven through Israeli scholarships to Colombians and a presence of media in each country.

History

In 1947, during a United Nations General Assembly session, General Assembly Resolution 181 recommended the partition of British Mandate Palestine into one Jewish and one Arab state. Colombia abstained.

In the mid-1950s both countries officially established diplomatic relations and set up embassies in Bogotá and Tel Aviv respectively. Relations improved tremendously in 1988 when major trade agreements were signed between Israel and Colombia. A Free Trade agreement was signed on 10 June 2013. However, it has not yet been ratified by Colombia and therefore is not yet in force. This agreement reduces tariffs on industrial and agricultural products between the two countries, and enable Israeli companies and individuals to invest with greater ease in the Colombia economy, considered to be second biggest economy of South America. Israeli exports to Colombia totaled some US$143 million in 2012, and consisted mostly of communications equipment, machinery, electrical and mechanical devices and chemical products.

Colombia also supports the aspiration of the Palestinian people to establish themselves as a free and independent state in the region. Additionally, Israel is Colombia's main partner in the region and is Colombia's second largest trading partner in South America after Brazil. Bilateral relations have deepened through high-level visits in recent history.

On 13 September 2017, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu paid an official visit to Colombia.

Israeli President Isaac Herzog welcomed Colombian President Iván Duque on a state visit to Israel in November 2021. Hosting Duque at the President’s Residence in Jerusalem, Herzog commended Colombia’s support for Israel and expressed his hopes to boost their bilateral trading relationship. At the state dinner, Herzog paid tribute to Duque’s leadership in fighting “terror and rogue organizations affiliated with Iran and narco organizations.” During the state visit, Duque inaugurated a Colombian innovation office in Jerusalem, a step that President Herzog welcomed in their joint statements.

Technological cooperation
Colombia has purchased planes, drones, weapons and intelligence systems from Israel.

Palestine
Until 2018, Colombia was one of the few remaining governments in Latin America that did not recognize Palestine as a state.

"Colombia supports the establishment of an independent Palestinian state alongside Israel within mutually agreed-upon borders. It considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal but strongly condemns Palestinian terrorism, and it advocates for a lasting peace based on the two-state solution". On resolutions in the UN General Assembly that compared Zionism to racism and wanted to establish a "right to return" for Palestinians, Colombia abstained. In 2018, Colombia officially recognized the State of Palestine. Despite creating a bump in the relations between the countries, the two countries have re-established strong relations.

Colombia's military has numerous weapon and ammunition types produced and/or maintained by Israel, including the Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Spike missile, Israel Weapons Industries-made 5.56mm Galil automatic rifle machine gun and 7.62mm Galil sniper rifle, Rafael Python-3 and Python-4, Israel Aerospace Industries Kfir fighter jets, and has signed up for the Barak MX air defense system. On 15 October 2023 Israel halted all security exports to Colombia due to remarks of Colombian president Gustavo Petro comparing the Israeli military to Nazis following the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. The Guardian called it a "ferocious diplomatic spat".

Resident diplomatic missions
 Colombia has an embassy in Tel Aviv.
 Israel has an embassy in Bogotá.

See also
 Foreign relations of Colombia
 Foreign relations of Israel
 History of the Jews in Colombia
 International recognition of Israel

References

External links
 jewishvirtuallibrary.org The Virtual Jewish History Tour Colombia By Sarah Szymkowicz

Israel
Bilateral relations of Israel


Gombaud may mean:

 Gombaud, a brand of wine produced in Château Lascombes
 Antoine Gombaud, Chevalier de Méré, a French writer
 Jean Ogier de Gombauld, a French playwright and poet
 Gombald or Gundobald, an Archbishop of Bordeaux


WPHX can refer to:

 WWSF, a radio station (1220 AM) licensed to Sanford, Maine, United States, which held the call sign WPHX from 1999 to 2012
 WPKC-FM, a radio station (92.1 FM) licensed to Sanford, Maine, which held the call sign WPHX-FM from 1999 to 2011


Bangin' on Wax: Greatest Hits is a compilation album by American rap group, Bloods & Crips. The album was released on August 27, 1996, by Dangerous Records. The album was produced by Ron "Ronnie Ron" Phillips and written by Bloods & Crips members.

Track listing

References

Bloods & Crips albums
1996 greatest hits albums
Hip hop compilation albums
Gangsta rap compilation albums
G-funk compilation albums