"Lonely Too Long" is a song written by Bill Rice, Sharon Vaughn and Mike Lawler, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless.  It was released in August 1996 as the third single from her eight album, The Trouble with the Truth (1996). It charted for 20 weeks on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles and Tracks chart, reaching No. 1 during the week of November 16, 1996.

The song was originally recorded by Doug Stone, whose version was never released.

Critical reception
Reviews of the song were positive. Larry Flick from Billboard noted that Loveless' voice "exudes a variety of emotion on this well-written tune". Wendy Newcomer from Cash Box wrote, "Loveless’ delicate explanation of “the morning after” is as inviting and seductive as the night before in “Lonely Too Long”. “Well good morning/Tell me how did you sleep last night/You’re still smiling/So we must have done something right...” With a voice as honest and forthcoming and Loveless’, listeners will find it hard to turn her away."

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

1996 singles
1995 songs
Patty Loveless songs
Songs written by Bill Rice
Songs written by Sharon Vaughn
Song recordings produced by Emory Gordy Jr.
Epic Records singles


Mcqueenoceras is an extinct genus of early endocerid, a nautiloid from the Floian epoch of the late early Ordovician period. It was similar in overall form to Clitendoceras, from which it may have been derived. Mcqueenoceras, like Clitendoceras, has ventral siphuncle but the endocones are thicker on the ventral side and thinner on the dorsal. Also the sutures in Mcqueenoceras retreat rearward, forming lobes as they cross the venter. The type species is Mcqueenoceras jeffersonense, named by E.O. Ulrich and A.F. Foerste in 1935, and it is known from Missouri and New York. In 1956, Rousseau H. Flower named two other species, M. cariniferum and M. ventrale, both known from Maryland.

References

Flower, R. H. 1964; Memoir 12, The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda), pp 126, 147, 148. NMBM&MR, Socorro N.M.
Teichert, C, 1964, Mcqueenoceras, p 166 in Proterocameroceratidae, pp 166–170 in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Vol K. GSA and Univ Kansas Press.

Nautiloids
Prehistoric nautiloid genera
Ordovician cephalopods of North America


Abu Halifa or Abu Hulayfah  or Abu Huleifa or Abu Haleifah () is an area in Kuwait City, located in the Abu Halifa District of the Al Ahmadi Governorate in Kuwait
and since this area was rich in small plants called "حنيفا Hanifa", the name arose.
Abu Halifa is also a host to the Box Hill Institute of TAFE, the famous Kuwait Magic Mall and Sahel (Kuwaiti football club) Stadium.
Abu Halifa has major facilities ranging from mosques, restaurants, food courts, parks, walking tracks and pharmacies to malls, beaches and schools. Abu Halifa's population comprises a majority of Indians.

Abu Halifa Co-Operative society

The co-op society located near the Abu Halifa Police Station comprises some noteworthy stores like The Body Shop, Claire's and Payless along with the grocery section. It also has the bakery Saadeddin and Sable.

Recreation in Abu Halifa

Kuwait Magic Mall

Kuwait Magic Mall is a very good family mall with everything from indoor kids play area, a wide variety of restaurants like McDonald's, Zaatar, Shrimpy, KFC, Burger King, etc. and a large variety of clothing stores.
One of the main specialties of the mall is its outdoor play area, directed for a higher age group. It is a famous outdoor recreational park in Kuwait.
The biggest attraction of the mall is its beautiful sandy beach.
Kuwait Magic Mall was established in 2000 and covers an area of 2298 square meters in area. The area is divided into two blocks.

References

External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com

 Suburbs of Kuwait City
 Populated places in Kuwait
 Port cities and towns in Kuwait
 Port cities and towns of the Persian Gulf


Samognat () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Riqqa () is an area in the south of Kuwait City, in Ahmadi Governorate in Kuwait. In 2007 it had a population of 56,554.

Populated places in Kuwait


The College Basketball Invitational (CBI) is a men's college basketball tournament created in 2007 by The Gazelle Group.  The inaugural tournament occurred after the conclusion of the 2007–08 men's college basketball regular season.  The CBI selects 16 teams that are not selected for the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament or the National Invitation Tournament (NIT), and who are willing to pay a $27,500 entry fee to participate.  In the CBI, prior to 2020 teams competed on home courts. After the post-COVID pandemic revival, the tournament has been staged at the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, Florida.  The CBI is a single-elimination tournament.  Prior to 2020, the tournament was single elimination until the final two teams were determined, after which the championship was determined by a championship series with a best-two-out-of-three format.  Since the tournament's 2021 revival and adoption of the single-site format, the championship is also determined by a single game.  In 2023, the CBI introduced NIL funding of $40,000 to be distributed in the following manner: $25,000 to the Champion, $10,000 to the Runner-Up, and $2,500 to each Semifinalist.

The inaugural CBI

The 2008 College Basketball Invitational was the first new postseason tournament since the Collegiate Commissioners Association Tournament in 1974. The opening round was played on March 18, 2008, and March 19, 2008, with the second round being played on March 24, 2008. The semifinals took place on March 26, 2008. The championship was a best-of-three series with games being played on March 31, April 2, and April 4, 2008.  The bracketing was done in east, west, south and midwest regions.

Tulsa was crowned the champion in the 2008 tournament.

Television
On February 1, 2016, the CBI announced an exclusive television partnership with ESPN to broadcast the Championship Series of the CBI.  In the inaugural year, games were available in local markets on Fox Sports Net and DirecTV. The games could also be viewed on the official website. The 2009 tournament broadcast was changed to HDNet with four first-round games, two quarterfinal games, both semifinal games, and all three championship games being broadcast. HDNet changed its name to AXS and aired the 2013 tournament. CBS Sports Network televised the 2014 and 2015 tournaments. ESPNU televised the best-of-three Championship Series from 2016 to 2019, and again in 2021.

The following is an overview and list of the announcers and television networks to broadcast the tournament.

Champions

Presenting sponsors
2008–2010: none
2011–2012: Zebra Pen
2013: Buick
2014–2016: none
2017: Five Four
2019, 2021–2022: Roman
2023–present: Discount Tire

See also
Women's Basketball Invitational

References

External links

College men's basketball competitions in the United States
Postseason college basketball competitions in the United States
Recurring sporting events established in 2008


Jesus 'Kiki' Rojas (born 31 January 1964 in Rio Caribe, Sucre) is a former professional boxer in the super flyweight division from Venezuela.

Boxing career
Rojas turned professional in 1985 and captured the WBA flyweight title with a decision win over Fidel Bassa in 1989. He lost the title in his first defense to Yul-Woo Lee by decision in 1990. Later that year he took on Leopard Tamakuma again for the WBA flyweight title, but drew with him.
He later moved up in weight and challenged WBA super flyweight title holder Yokthai Sithoar in 1997, but lost a decision. In 1998 he captured the WBA super flyweight title, with a decision win over Satoshi Iida. He lost the title in 1999 to Hideki Todaka and later retired in 2004 after a loss to Eric Morel.

See also
 List of flyweight boxing champions
 List of super-flyweight boxing champions

External links

1964 births
Living people
People from Sucre (state)
Flyweight boxers
Super-flyweight boxers
World flyweight boxing champions
World super-flyweight boxing champions
World Boxing Association champions
Venezuelan male boxers


Sauverny (; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France. It is located between the Jura mountains in France and Lac Leman, bordering the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Prem Kumar (17 November 1951 – 21 February 2011), better known as Swami Premananda, was a Sri-Lankan born Indian religious guru and monk who founded the Premananda ashram. He was convicted of multiple counts of rape and a murder in 1997.

Life and work
Originally an Indian Tamil from Sri Lanka, Kumar had an ashram and orphanage in his birthplace Matale. During his years in Matale, Sri Lanka he was popularly known as 'Ravi', meaning 'sun', as he had a radiant face. He moved to India with his followers in 1983 to escape the Sri Lankan Civil War, bringing with him undocumented Sri Lankan orphans who had been in his care.  He initially opened an ashram in a rented building in Tiruchirappalli, then moved to Fatimanagar in 1989. The ashram there covered 150 acres of land with plantations of flowers, fruit, and teak. The ashram served as a shelter for women and orphan children. In India, he was fondly called 'Kutti Sai Baba' which means little Sai Baba in Tamil as he had a hairstyle similar to that of Sathya Sai Baba during his early days. About 200 people lived in the ashram, most of Sri Lankan origin. Branches of the ashram later opened in the UK, Switzerland, Belgium, Mexico, and other countries.

Accusations and trial
In 1994, one of the girls living in the ashram, Arul Jyothi, was said to have escaped and reported that she had been raped and was pregnant. The All India Democratic Women's Association provided moral support and legal aid to the victims. On 15 November 1994, the police started an investigation. Two ashram residents also reported that another, called Ravi, had been murdered for attempting to expose the happenings at the ashram.

Trial took place in the sessions court in Pudukkottai, presided over by a woman judge, R. Banumathi. Noted criminal lawyer Ram Jethmalani was among those representing the swami. The defence claimed that Premananda had divine powers and was capable of performing miracles. To debunk this myth, an illusionist was invited into the courtroom.

Ram Jethmalani argued that the women had consented to sex. The court noted that in some cases the consent was obtained by deceit, such as promising a cure for ailments such as asthma or by saying that sex with the swami was "service to God". The court also noted that some of the girls had been threatened with dire consequences and that some of the victims were below the age of consent (16 at the time of trial) when they were raped. Jethmalani also said that the trial was unfair because witnesses and the accused had been subjected to police brutality.

The alleged murder victim's remains were found buried on the ashram premises and were presented as evidence.

DNA samples from Arul Jyothi, her alleged aborted fetus, and Premananda were also introduced as evidence.  The prosecution argued that the results established his paternity. The defense hired an expert witness from the UK, Wilson Wall, who took DNA evidence back to the UK and analyzed it; his results were that Premananda was not the father and that analysis by the Indian scientists was mishandled.

Conviction
Premananda was sentenced to double life imprisonment and fined  lakhs for 13 counts of rape, molestations of two girls and murder. Failure to pay the fine was to carry an additional term of 32 years and 9 months. He was also convicted of cheating the residents of his ashram, which carried another one-year sentence. Six others were also found guilty of conspiracy to commit rapes and destroying evidence. Five were given life sentences. In view of the severity of the crimes, the judge denied them any future remission of their sentences or amnesty by any state or central government.

Premananda appeared unperturbed by the sentences and while talking to reporters, said: "Truth will ultimately triumph".

Aftermath

In January 2000, the Madras High Court ordered that  lakhs from Premananda's frozen accounts should be placed in a fixed deposit for three years and the resulting interest should be paid to the victims as compensation. The original guilty verdict was appealed to the Madras High Court and the appeal was rejected in December 2002.

In April 2005, the Supreme Court of India rejected an appeal. On 5 February 2009, the Madras High Court rejected a habeas corpus petition, keeping in view the recommendations of the district sessions judge at the time of conviction and the previous Supreme Court order. On 26 June 2010, however, the same court accepted Premananda's petition requesting a three-month parole to undergo medical treatment.

As of 2005 a European named Doris was running the ashram who said that Premananda was innocent.
In March 1997, Aruljyothy, one of the girls who had been taken away for interrogation, stated in court that the girls' testimony against Swami Premananda had been made under torture.

Death
Premananda died on 21 February 2011 of acute liver failure, while being held in Cuddalore Central Prison. Until his death, he continued to maintain that he was innocent.

Legacy
On 16 November 2014, Swami Premananda's birth anniversary was observed by his devotees at the residence of C. V. Vigneswaran in Colombo, Sri Lanka. On 22 February 2015, the Swami Premananda International Conference was held in Colombo. It was attended by A. T. Ariyaratne, founder of the Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement, D. M. Swaminathan, a Sri Lankan Tamil Cabinet Minister, C. V. Vigneswaran, the Chief Minister of the Northern Province, and about 50 delegates from various countries including Argentina, Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Italy, Nepal, the UK, the US, Sweden, Switzerland, India and Poland.

References

External links
 Official website

1951 births
2011 deaths
Hindu religious leaders convicted of crimes
20th-century Hindu religious leaders
People from Pudukkottai district
Indian spiritual teachers
Indian Hindu religious leaders
Sri Lankan people of Indian Tamil descent
People from Matale
People from Tiruchirappalli
Gurus
Refugees by war
Indian Peace Keeping Force
Sri Lankan emigrants to India


Developmentalism is an economic theory which states that the best way for less developed economies to develop is through fostering a strong and varied internal market and imposing high tariffs on imported goods.

Developmentalism is a cross-disciplinary school of thought that gave way to an ideology of development as the key strategy towards economic prosperity. The school of thought was, in part, a reaction to the United States’ efforts to oppose national independence movements throughout Asia and Africa, which it framed as communist. Developmentalism in the international economic context can be understood as consisting of a set of ideas which converge to place economic development at the center of political endeavors and institutions and also as a means through which to establish legitimacy in the political sphere. Adherents to the theory of developmentalism hold that the sustained economic progress grants legitimate leadership to political figures, especially in developing nations (in Latin America and East Asia)  who would otherwise not have the benefit of a unanimous social consensus for their leadership or their international policy with regards to industrialized countries. Developmentalists believe that national autonomy for 'Third World' countries can be achieved and maintained through the utilization of external resources by those countries in a capitalist system. To those professed ends, developmentalism was the paradigm used in an attempt to reverse the negative impact that the international economy was having on developing countries in the 1950s–60s, at the time during which Latin American countries had begun to implement import substitution strategies. Using this theory, economic development was framed by modern-day Western criteria: economic success is gauged in terms of capitalistic notions of what it means for a country to become developed, autonomous, and legitimate.

The theory is based on the assumption that not only are there similar stages to development for all countries but also that there is a linear movement from one stage to another that goes from traditional or primitive to modern or industrialized.

Though initially the preserve of emerging economies in the Asia Pacific area, Latin America and Africa, the notion of developmentalism has resurfaced more recently in the developed world – notably in the economic planks of 'unorthodox' policy makers such as Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders in the United States.

Ideology and basic tenets

There are four main ideas that are integrated behind the theory of developmentalism:
First, there is the notion that the performance of a nation's economy is the central source of legitimacy that a regime may claim. Rather than subscribing to the notion, for example, that the ability to make and enforce laws gives a state power, developmentalists argue that the sustenance of economic growth and the subsequent promotion of citizens' welfare gives the general population incentive to support the regime in power, granting it both de facto and de jure legitimacy.
The second tenet of developmentalism asserts that it is the role of regimes to use their governmental authority to spread out the risks associated with capitalist development, as well as to combine governmental and entrepreneurial wills in order to maximize the advancement of national interest.
Thirdly, developmentalism asserts that state bureaucrats become separated from politicians, which allows for the independent and successful redevelopments of leadership structures and administrative and bureaucratic procedures (when such changes become necessary). This separation is key to balancing the needs of the state and the importance of forming and maintaining strong international economic ties. The government, then, has the autonomy to deal with certain issues on a national level, while helping state bureaucrats maintain the internationalism necessary to develop the nation's economy.
The final aspect of developmentalism's ideology deals with the idea that it is necessary for nations to utilize the capitalist system as a means of advancement in the international economy. Privileged positions in capitalist systems arise from active responses to external affairs in order to obtain the external resources with which to gain larger amounts of economic autonomy. The resources gained from active participation in international economic affairs help propel countries out of being exploited by capitalism to positions from which they can exploit the international economy for its own national gain.

History

Tony Smith writes in his article Requiem or New Agenda for Third World Studies? about how developmentalism gained its footing in international affairs in the years immediately following World War II, during which the United States assumed leadership of a world that had been devastated by the war, while the United States was all but physically unscathed. The end of Second World War catalyzed massive national liberation movements throughout Africa and Asia: these movements were a threat to the United States, in its fear that communism would take root in newly established independent nations. Therefore, these movements towards liberation became a top priority of the United States: developmentalism fit what the United States wanted very well, because its tenets create an environment of both national autonomy and widespread participation in the international economy. This participation would be in the capitalist form, so in promoting developmentalism, the United States was also promoting capitalism in newly independent nations. The school of developmentalist thought thrived on this sudden spike in support from the United States. Further, the school came to unite scholars from different social scientific disciplines under the umbrella of social ties and perceived common interest in the suppression of communism and gaining increasing influence on the politico-economic stage of the world.

The ensuing 'Golden Age' of the developmentalist school began after 1945 and extended into the late 1960s. During the 1970s, however, the popularity and prevalence of developmentalism flickered and decreased.

During the 1950s and 1960s, developmentalism in practice did much to promote prosperity in the Southern Cone (comprising parts of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay) and andean country of Chile. As noted by Naomi Klein, “[d]uring this dizzying period of expansion, the Southern Cone began to look more like Europe and North America than the rest of Latin America or other parts of the Third World.” Workers in new factories formed strong unions that negotiated middle-class salaries, and their children were sent off to study at newly constructed public universities. By the Fifties, Argentina had the largest middle class in South America, while Uruguay had a literacy rate of 95% and provided free health care to all its citizens.

Goals
Developmentalism attempts to codify the ways in which development is discussed on an international level. Through developmentalism, it is thought by its advocates that discussions about the economic development of the 'Third World' can be redesigned in such a way that everyone will use the same vocabulary to discuss the various phenomena of development. This way, societies can be discussed comparatively without the impediments associated with placing developmental disparities across nations in completely different categories of speech and thought. This increased uniformity of language would increase understanding and appreciation for the studies about development from different fields in the social sciences and allow freer and more productive communication about these studies. Before its decline in the 1970s, scholars had been optimistic that developmentalism could break down the barriers between the disciplines of social sciences when discussing the complexities of development. This school of thought produced such works as Talcott Parsons and Edward Shils's Toward A General Theory of Action; Clifford Geertz's Old Societies and New States; and Donald L.M. Blackmer and Max F. Millikan's The Emerging Nations.

Decline

The model of developmentalism proved to have two major reasons for decline within the school:
The model created a system that was too formal and structured, providing an ethnocentric and unilateral method for changing the third world.
In this, developmentalists created plans for development that were mostly inflexible, owing to the fact that they relied heavily on the Western model of development as their primus modus. Western development, supposedly, held the keys to unlocking the door to the Global South’s development, and as such, could shed light on the changes that were occurring there. In doing so, however, the histories of the South were reduced into terms that could be applied to a model of development. This resulted in extremely rigid models in which labeled deviations from the conventional "traditional" (undeveloped) or "modern" (developed) society as dysfunctional, and to draw clear empirical distinctions between traditional and modern societies
A lack of cohesion within the models and the academic community itself.
Developmentalist models attempted to create a universal system of development, and as such, resulted in methods that were too loose and incoherent to provide an accurate picture of the circumstances under which development could work in the Third World. Because of the vast amounts of difference in the cultures of the Global South, creating generalizations in which one theory of development was applicable to all settings became extremely difficult. Additionally, disagreement within the academic community itself and the lack of an obvious leader did not allow for internal cooperation. Many developmentalist scholars became disenchanted with the way in which the United States foreign policy was being implemented, especially during the Vietnam War and the Alliance for Progress. Intentions, as well, were not always non-partisan; many scholars had intended their writing to be policy-relevant in the spread of capitalism and an elite brand of democracy in the South, as well as in the struggle to block the spread of communism.

These problems eventually marked the decline of school of developmentalist theory in the late 1970s. Some scholars (such as Samuel Huntington and Jorge Domínguez) contend that this rise and fall is a predictable phenomenon that typifies the introduction of any theoretical paradigm to the trial phase: a surge in popularity is likely with such theories, followed by various stages of pausing and surging in their prevalence in international economies and politics. It is also a possibility that the failures of developmentalism in the 1970s resulted from a realization that, after twenty-five years, 'Third World' countries were still in the 'Third World,' despite efforts towards economic gain characterized by developmentalism. This view is elaborated on by Gabriel Almond, who asserts that the increasing number of developing countries that had turned to authoritarian regimes negated the optimism with which developmentalism had been embraced. The US policies, which incorporated the tenets of developmentalism, were, in the 1970s, increasingly being seen as harmful to the Third World in imperialistic ways, and thus the school entered into crisis.

Partial revival in the developed world
In the wake of the 2008–2012 Great Recession, the notion of developmentalism has somehow started to resurface, this time amongst "populist" politicians in the developed world, in association with some degree of mercantilism. In that perspective, the 'under-developed' jurisdictions that need to be protected and stimulated are no longer in the Southern Hemisphere but in the developed world itself, where pauperized states/regions such as Pennsylvania and the Great Lakes in the United States or parts of Northern France and Northern England are now suffering from the same kind of socioeconomic difficulties once found mostly in the Third World.

This unconventional use of the term is used to justify some degree of protectionism and industrial dirigisme e.g. in the context of Trumponomics in the United States:

"That [ideological] bravado endeared Donald Trump to millions of disenfranchised lower-middle-class voters across the Rust Belt and proved instrumental to his electoral victory in the fall [...] [He promised] to create 'millions of jobs' in America in the coming quarters. Not coincidentally, when it comes to investment destination, the president seems to have a preference for Pennsylvania, Upstate New York, Michigan, Wisconsin and Indiana: a new kind of capital stewardship for the era of self-seeking capitalism..."

Examples

Bretton-Woods (1944)
International Development Association (1960)
Truman’s Point Four (1949)
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of OECD (1961)
SUNFED (1958)
UNDP (1965)

These policies shifted focus from reconstruction to development to poverty reduction, created a demand for global development intervention and shift from exploitation to development U.S. aid programme, and created norms and statistics for international donors.

Criticism
The implementation of developmentalist ideologies has been critiqued in multiple lights, both by the right and by the left.

Developmentalism is often accused by the left (though not only by the left) of having an ideology of neocolonialism at its root. Developmentalist strategies use a Eurocentric viewpoint of development, a viewpoint that often goes hand in hand with the implication that non-European societies are underdeveloped. As such, it gives way for the perpetuation of Western dominance over such underdeveloped nations, in a neocolonialist fashion. Developed nations such as the United States have been accused of seizing opportunities of disaster for their own benefit in what is known as disaster capitalism. Disaster capitalism, a term used by Naomi Klein, describes the process in which situations of financial crisis are used in order to force an emergency opening of the free market in order to regain economic stability. This happened in the examples of Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, and post-Katrina New Orleans, among others. Developmentalist ideas also portray the Western ideal of development and democracy as an evolutionary course of history. In Eric Wolf’s book, Europe and the People without History, Wolf shows, through a long history of examples, that the Western world is only one of many visions of the world, and to view it as the pinnacle of a linear world evolutionary chain would be inaccurate.  Developmentalist strategies often implicate that history is on a unilateral path of evolution towards development, and that cultural derivations have little implication in the final product.

From the right, critics say that developmentalist strategies deny the free market its autonomy. By creating a state controlled market economy, it takes away the organic nature in which a market is meant to be created. They argue that developmentalist strategies have not generally worked in the past, leaving many countries, in fact, worse off than they were before they began state-controlled development. This is due to a lack of freedom in the free market and its constrictive nature. In turn, it is argued, reactive totalitarian forces take hold of the government in response to Western intervention, such as Chávez's Venezuela and Ortega’s Nicaragua, creating even more complex problems for the Western vision of development.

Socio-anthropologists criticize the developmentalism as a form of social change implemented by an exogenous party. This creates what is called the developmentalist configuration.

See also
 Beijing Consensus
 Development economics
 Economic intervention
 Arthur Lewis
 Protectionism
 Structuralist economics
 Neomercantilism

References

Economic theories
Political realism
International relations theory


Grootvlei Power Station is a coal-fired power station located in Grootvlei, Mpumalanga, South Africa.

History
The first of Grootvlei's six units was commissioned in 1969. In 1989 three units were mothballed and in 1990 the other three followed. Due to the power crisis being experienced in South Africa, Eskom decided to return the station to service. By 2008 three of Grootvlei's units were back online, providing 585MW to the national grid.

Grootvlei's units 5 and 6 were the first test facilities for dry cooling in South Africa. Unit 6 has an indirect dry cooling system.

On 22 July 2022, Unit 2 suffered a fire caused by a leaking fuel oil supply/return pipeline.

Power generation
The station consists of six  units for a total installed capacity of . The design efficiency at the rated Turbine Maximum Continuous Rating is 32.90%.

Crime
In mid-December 2022, at the request of the Minister of Public Enterprises, Pravin Gordhan, and President Cyril Ramaphosa, Minister of Defence Thandi Modise deployed a small contingent of SANDF troops at the station (besides at Camden, Majuba and Tutuka) to curb growing threats of sabotage, theft, vandalism, and corruption.

See also

 Eskom
 Fossil-fuel power plant
 List of power stations in South Africa

References

External links
 Grootvlei Power Station  on the Eskom-Website

Energy infrastructure completed in 1969
Coal-fired power stations in South Africa
Buildings and structures in Mpumalanga
Economy of Mpumalanga
20th-century architecture in South Africa


The National Association of Japan–America Societies, Inc. (NAJAS) is a private, non-profit, non-partisan organization located in Washington, D.C. that offers educational, cultural and business programs about Japan and U.S.–Japan relations to the public through its member Japan and Japan–America Societies. NAJAS is the only national non-profit network in the United States dedicated to public education about Japan. NAJAS consists of approximately 40 independent Japan-related organizations located in 32 cities around the country. Its membership includes business, political, and academic, as well as American and Japanese members, and affords a variety of perspectives on U.S.–Japan relations.

See also
Japan Society (Manhattan)
Japan America Society of Greater Philadelphia
Japan America Society of Houston

References

External links
National Association of Japan–America Societies
Japan–America Societies in the U.S.
Japan–America Societies in Japan

Community-building organizations
International cultural organizations
Japanese-American culture in Washington, D.C.
Cultural organizations based in Japan
Japan–United States relations
Non-profit organizations based in Washington, D.C.


Faroudja Labs was a San Franciscobased IP and research company founded by Yves Faroudja. Faroudja Labs shouldn't be confused with Faroudja Enterprises, Yves Faroudja's latest venture.

Faroudja specialized in video processing algorithms and products. Its technologies for deinterlacing and inverse telecine have received  acclaim within the consumer electronics industry and have been widely used in many electronic devices, such as TV sets, set-top boxes, and video processors.

Efforts by Faroudja generated more than 65 patents and provided technology licenses to consumer electronics companies, and helped receive three Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards (one for advanced encoding techniques, a lifetime achievement for Yves Faroudja, and one for HDTV upconversion used in network broadcast applications), as well as numerous other awards.

Since 2007, the Faroudja brand and all associated video processing IPs are part of STMicroelectronics, an international semiconductor company, which now uses the technology in System-on-Chip (SoC) products.

History
Founded by Yves and Isabel Faroudja in 1971, Faroudja Inc. specialized in video quality improvement, particularly for VCRs, and soon became an acknowledged leader in this field. By 1973, their patents were licensed by various household names in the consumer electronics and broadcast industries.

Faroudja was notable for co-development of the Hi-8 and S-VHS standards in 1987–1988.

In the 1980s, the company developed technologies for the deinterlacing of NTSC signals, including motion adaptive processing algorithms. In 1989 Faroudja invented and patented film mode detection, also known as inverse 3:2 pulldown detection. Faroudja was the only company in the world that had the ability to detect the original frames of the film within the video stream and reconstruct an accurate image, free of motion artifacts containing full vertical resolution.

In 1991 the company created the first professional grade line doubler (480p) (deinterlacer) which incorporated this technology, for use with large CRT projectors used in Hollywood screening rooms and large home theaters. The highly acclaimed LD1 Line Doubler takes standard definition signals and converts them to higher resolutions with improved image quality, free of the usual NTSC artifacts (cross-color and cross luminance). At the same time, Faroudja started manufacturing products based on the same technologies, including adaptive comb filters and video quality improvement products for use with Sony's U-Matic video recorders. This technology was a key factor in the growth of the home theater industry. Faroudja's adaptive comb filter technology was recognized with a Technology & Engineering Emmy Award in 1991.

Improvements in display device technologies drove the requirement for more advanced video processing and scaling. This included the introduction of a new product type called  the VP400 Line Quadrupler (480i upconverted to 960p). In 2000 Faroudja introduced the industry's first line doubler for HDTV (1080i upconverted to 1080p). The LD1, the VP400, the DVP5000, DVP3000 and Native Rate Series have made Faroudja the benchmark by which all other video processing is compared. For his lifetime's work, Yves Faroudja was awarded the prestigious Lifetime Achievement Emmy in Technology and Engineering, presented in 1998.

The Digital Format Translator (DFT) was introduced in 1998 as a standard definition to high definition converter  (480i upconverted to 720p or 1080i) for broadcast TV stations.  This processor won Faroudja Labs a third Emmy award in 2001 for its efforts in HDTV processing.

As TVs began to make the transition from analog CRTs to digital fixed-pixel displays Display resolution, Faroudja Labs made the transition from manufacturing complete systems to designing integrated circuits for use in TV and other video products.

In 2000, Faroudja was acquired by Sage, Inc. which in turn was acquired by Genesis Microchip in 2002.  Faroudja's growth in integrated circuits expanded with design-wins in various consumer electronics products such as DVD players, projectors, AV Receivers and TVs.  These companies often promoted the DCDi by Faroudja logo, displaying it on products for differentiation and to identify advanced video processing.

Beginning in 2005, a strategic alliance was established with Meridian Audio to manufacture and distribute the Faroudja video processor systems.  Today, Meridian markets various video processors exclusively under the Meridian name.

In 2007, Genesis Microchip, and its Faroudja technology, was acquired by STMicroelectronics, a global semiconductor company with revenues over $9.8 billion in 2008.

Current technology and branding

Faroudja Video Optimized is a calibration and logo branding program available to TV and Set-Top Box manufacturers who use STMicroelectronics system-on-chip (SoC) solutions with integrated Faroudja video processing algorithms. The program helps properly initialize the video signal processing and optimize the LCD panel to produce an accurate picture. The program includes programming and calibration tools. Calibration steps include adjusting contrast, brightness, gamma levels, color temperature, sharpness, noise reduction filters and backlight levels, as well as Faroudja Adaptive Contrast Control (ACC2) and Active Color Management (ACM3D), to insure extended dynamic range and accuracy in shadow details, as well as natural tone (color quality). The calibrated settings are stored in a video mode called “Faroudja Movie”, optimized for high-end TVs and Blu-ray HD sources.

DCDi by Faroudja (directional correlational de-interlacing) technology  is an advanced deinterlacing algorithm for upconverting and deinterlacing standard definition NTSC content for display on high-definition flat panel TVs.  DCDi by Faroudja corrects several deinterlacing issues, including visible jagged edges in an image, cross-color artifacts and includes Film mode processing.

Faroudja DCDi Cinema  was developed around higher performance 10-bit processing with extended picture enhancement controls, an active color management system and 3D Noise Reduction. In addition, Response Time Correction (RTC) technology is included to compensate for the motion blur prevalent in LCD flat panels.

Faroudja DCDi Edge was introduced for low-cost image improvement applications in a memory-less display; it utilizes spatial processing to eliminate the visible jagged edges.

Tools

Quickmatch Tool is a proprietary calibration program used to create the Faroudja Video Optimized settings.  It connects to the Faroudja video SoC in the TV and interfaces with a colorimeter light sensor attached to the TV screen. Specific test patterns are generated which are detected by the colorimeter and processed by the QuickMatch program.  The program can correct for variation in the panel to generate more accurate results.

Media Tools is a programming tool that provides direct access to the programming registers of the Faroudja video SoC, allowing for faster development and running of simulations.

Awards for Yves Faroudja
1987 SMPTE David Sarnoff Gold Medal Award for “Contributing in Optimizing NTSC Performances”
1988 International Monitor Awards for “Excellence in Engineering - NTSC Encoders and Decoders”
1989 BM/E Award for “Excellence in Engineering”
1991 Emmy Award in Technology and Engineering for “Techniques for Minimization of NTSC Artifacts Through Advanced Encoding Techniques”
1998  Charles F. Jenkins Emmy Award in Technology and Engineering  for Lifetime Achievements
2001 Emmy Award in Technology and Engineering for “Pioneering development of a digital up converter from 525 to HDTV for DTV broadcasting”

See also
Interlacing
Deinterlacing
Image processing

References

External links
Faroudja Enterprises, Inc.
STMicroelectronics TV & Monitor IC products
Genesis Microchip - Technology overview
Faroudja Video Processing and Genesis Controller Chips
EE Times Article on Genesis Microchip and Faroudja Technology
Product page for Faroudja hardware sold by Meridian

Graphics hardware companies


Zdeněk Adamec (born January 9, 1956) is a retired javelin thrower, who represented Czechoslovakia in the 1980s. He finished seventh at the inaugural 1983 World Championships in Helsinki, Finland and seventeenth in his qualifying round at the 1987 World Championships in Rome.

Achievements

1New model javelin

References

1956 births
Living people
Czech male javelin throwers
Place of birth missing (living people)
Friendship Games medalists in athletics
World Athletics Championships athletes for Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovak male javelin throwers
People from Mělník
Sportspeople from the Central Bohemian Region


Savigneux may refer to the following places in France:

 Savigneux, Ain, a commune in the department of Ain
 Savigneux, Loire, a commune in the department of Loire


Savigneux (; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Lobería is a town in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is the administrative centre for Lobería Partido.

References

External links

 Municipal website
 Tourism Official website

Populated places in Buenos Aires Province
Populated places established in 1891
1891 establishments in Argentina


"She Drew a Broken Heart" is a song written by Jon McElroy and Ned McElroy, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless. It was released in December 1996 as the fourth single from her eight album, The Trouble with the Truth (1996). The song charted for 20 weeks on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles and Tracks chart, reaching number four during the week of March 15, 1997.

Critical reception
Deborah Evans Price from Billboard described "She Drew a Broken Heart" as "a feisty uptempo tune about a woman whose goodbye note is written in lipstick on her ex-lover's satin sheets." She added, "Laced with fiddle and buoyed by the sass in Loveless' vocals, this is an extremely strong offering that should find instant acceptance at country radio."

Rock and Roll Legend Bob Seger sang this song during Loveless' induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame in October 2023.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

1996 singles
1995 songs
Patty Loveless songs
Song recordings produced by Emory Gordy Jr.
Epic Records singles


Ségny (), also written Segny, is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Ségny is situated in the east of the department, in a district of the Lake Geneva / River Rhône basin known as the Pays de Gex. It lies on the important RN 5 trunk road from Paris to Geneva and is just five minutes by road from Geneva Cointrin International Airport. A local bus service connects Ségny to Geneva city centre, which is some  away.

Ségny became a member of the Pays de Gex Community of Communes on 1 January 1996. The commune is bordered by Cessy to the north, Versonnex to the east, Prévessin-Moëns and Ornex to the south, and Échenevex and Chevry to the west.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Grootvlei, officially Thaba-Kgwali, is a town in Dipaleseng Local Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. An old mining town, Grootvlei is located near the N3 road and on the R51 road, 5 km from Grootvlei Power Station.

Description
The community had a booming economy in the 1970s and 1980s, when demand for coal from the power station created many jobs in the mining sector, but when the power plant was mothballed in the late 1980s due to overproduction of electricity, the local economy collapsed and Grootvlei became a virtual ghost town. The power plant was recommissioned in 2008, leading to a new period of growth.

References

Populated places in the Dipaleseng Local Municipality


Geoffrey Michael Alatiit Eigenmann (; born March 23, 1985), known professionally as Geoff Eigenmann, is a Filipino actor, host and model notable for his performances in television; he is a member of the Eigenmann family of actors and the son of Actor and Director, Michael De Mesa.

Biography
Eigenmann is a third generation member of the Eigenmann family of actors. His grandparents are music icon Eddie Mesa and actress Rosemarie Gil. He is the son of award-winning Filipino actors Michael de Mesa and Gina Alajar. He has two siblings who are also actors: older brother Ryan Eigenmann and younger brother AJ Eigenmann. Geoff is the nephew of Filipino actors Mark Gil and Cherie Gil, and he is the cousin of actors Gabby Eigenmann and Sid Lucero (Tim Eigenmann), Andrea "Andi" Eigenmann, and Maxine Eigenmann.

Early career
Eigenmann's first TV appearance was a kid-teen oriented comedy gag show, Ang TV on ABS-CBN in 1992.

Education
Eigenmann attended International Christian Academy for middle school, as did his brother Ryan. Eigenmann graduated high school from Shekinah Christian Training Center in March 2002.

Hosting
Aside from Rosalinda, Eigenmann has co-hosted ASAP and a reality variety talent show Palmolive Shining Circle Of 10 Batch 2008 on ABS-CBN; then he hosted as a VJ of MYX from 2005 to 2007. Geoff transferred to GMA Network and he hosted SOP Rules from 2008 to 2010 and a former mainstay host Party Pilipinas on GMA Network from 2010 to 2013.

Career

TV career
Eigenmann went back in his home network GMA Network via SRO Cinemaserye in June 2008.

The SRO Cinemaserye: Ganti Ng Puso ended in 2009 and he was supposed to appear again via Sine Novela: Kung Aagawin Mo ang Lahat sa Akin but he was replaced by JC Tiuseco to work with Maxene Magalona.

In 2009, he played the role of Fernando Jose, leading man to Carla Abellana, in the Philippine version of Rosalinda.

In 2009, he played the role of Kevin Rodriguez in SRO Cinemaserye, along with his on-screen sweetheart Carla Abellana. They will work for the second time with their parents, Rey "PJ" Abellana and Gina Alajar.

Eigenmann was part of a reality show with his partner Carla Abellana for their newest GMA Christmas reality show, Puso ng Pasko: Artista Challenge. Geoff's former loveteam and long-time friend Heart Evangelista was paired with newcomer Ervic Vijandre. This was Geoff and Carla's fifth time together.

Eigenmann is also a part of Sine Novela Presents: Basahang Ginto with his partner, Carla Abellana, it was aired on GMA Network.

In 2011, Eigenmann was also part of a fantasy comedy together again with his partner, Carla Abellana for their team up again in Magic Palayok. This was their fourth time to work since their drama mini series, Basahang Ginto a Sine Novela show on GMA Network.

In 2012, Eigenmann paired with his former love team Heart Evangelista in a GMA Network drama, Legacy. This will be their reunion after working individually for a long time. Also the same year, Geoff has also a part of former drama series on daytime, Kasalanan Bang Ibigin Ka? with his co-stars Jackie Rice, Jennica Garcia and his real life father Michael de Mesa.

In 2016 and 2018, Eigenmann went back to ABS-CBN as he returns to GMA Network in 2017. Today, he is now a freelance artist.

In 2019, he joined The Killer Bride starring Villa Estrella co-star Maja Salvador. In 2021, he joins the casts of FPJ's Ang Probinsyano as the main villain Albert de Vela.

Movie career
Eigenmann's first movie was Batang X via Regal Entertainment in 1995. Eigenmann was a contract star of Star Cinema. His second movie was Bcoz Of U with his then-girlfriend Heart Evangelista. His 3rd movie was the comedy First Day High, based on a deodorant commercial for Rexona with his Kapamilya stars Kim Chiu, Gerald Anderson, Jason Abalos, Carla Humpries and Maja Salvador.

His fourth movie and his first indie film was Anak Ni Brocka with the late hip hop artist Francis Magalona in 2005. His fifth movie was For the First Time with fellow Kapuso star Richard Gutierrez and Kapamilya Star KC Concepcion. His sixth and last movie for Star Cinema was the horror Villa Estrella with Maja Salvador, Shaina Magdayao and John Estrada.

He is a former contract star with GMA Films, his seventh movie and first movie for GMA Films was Ang Panday with fellow Kapuso stars Sen. Bong Revilla, Buboy Villar and Rhian Ramos. A co-production with Imus Productions, Ang Panday was part of the 2009 Metro Manila Film Festival where the movie won as "1st Place Best Festival Picture".

Filmography

Television

Films

Personal life
Geoff Eigenmann married his longtime partner Maya Flores on February 22, 2022.

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Filipino people of Kapampangan descent
Male actors from Metro Manila
Geoff
Star Magic
Filipino male models
VJs (media personalities)
GMA Network personalities
People from Capiz
Visayan people
Actors from Parañaque


Sergy (; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

History
At the time of Roman occupation under Julius Caesar, a certain Sergius was rewarded with land - over time a small village developed around his home.  Sergy was under Roman control for 464 years.

In the Middle Ages, the Sergier family administered Sergy until 1533.  This family also founded a chapel.

In 1536, the Pays de Gex was invaded by the Bernese, and Protestantism was imposed by the de Martine family. The Sergier church became the Religionnaires temple.

In 1589, the Genevese took possession of the area, and in 1600 it became part of Catholic France. The temple in Sergy remained a Protestant church.

In 1685, the king forbade the reformed Protestant religion, and the temple was destroyed.  In need of money, the de Martine family mortgaged Sergy, which was divided into "Sergy haut" (high Sergy) and "Sergy bas" (low Sergy). The castle, situated towards the lower end of the village, was in very bad condition when the Genevan family, the Buissons, became the owners in 1755.

In 1779, Pierre Pictet (the husband of a member of the Buisson family) became lord of Sergy until the French revolution.  During this period, a church was built in the lower village.  This is the same church as is found in Sergy today.

The "haut" and "bas" division remains today, and while lower Sergy stretches toward the border of St.Genis-Pouilly to the South, the northern edge of high Sergy meets the foot of the Jura Mountains (a sub-alpine mountain range that traces the France-Switzerland border).

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Fahey Flynn (August 6, 1916 – August 8, 1983) was a radio and television newscaster who spent the majority of his career in Chicago. Robert Feder of the Chicago Sun-Times described him as "an avuncular Irishman with a jaunty bow tie [and] a twinkle in his eye".

A six-time Emmy winner,  Flynn started his career in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin in 1934. Flynn worked in Chicago from 1941 until his death at a hospital there from internal hemorrhaging in 1983 at age 67. From 1953 to 1968, he was an anchor for WBBM-TV. He then joined Joel Daly as co-anchor at WLS-TV, and by 1971 the pair had become Chicago's highest-rated broadcasting team, retaining the lead in Chicago news ratings through 1979.

Flynn, a history and English major, graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh in 1939 and received the distinguished alumni award in 1978.

Notes

External links

1916 births
1983 deaths
People from Escanaba, Michigan
American people of Irish descent
Television anchors from Chicago
American radio personalities
Regional Emmy Award winners


Sermoyer () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department
Chizerots

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Bresse


Serrières-sur-Ain (, literally Serrières on Ain) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


The Brothers Flub is an animated television series produced by Sunbow Entertainment and co-produced by jigsaw puzzle manufacturer Ravensburger. It aired in the United States on the television network Nickelodeon. The show's title characters are a pair of alien brothers named Guapo and Fraz, both of whom work as couriers, who travel throughout their universe to deliver packages to a different planet in each episode of the series. It ran from January 16, 1999, until January 8, 2000.

Summary
The Brothers Flub takes place in outer space. The show's title refers to its two central characters: a pair of blue-furred alien brothers named Guapo and Fraz Flub. Guapo is shorter and fatter than his brother, and is a lighter shade of blue. Both wear bodysuits, shoes and caps.

In the series, they work for a company called RetroGrade Interdimensional Couriers, of which a green-colored female alien named Tarara Boomdeyay is the boss. Other characters at their job include a female alien named Valerina and an older orange, male alien named Squish. The brothers, who are couriers, travel through their universe in their spacecraft (called the Hoog) to deliver packages to various planets. Each episode features a different planet with a different characteristic, such as "The Land of Oversized Games", which comprises life-sized game pieces such as a pinball machine, or "Hip City", a planet inhabited by beatnik aliens.

History
Cindy Barth of the Orlando Business Journal said that "although still an untested property, optimism is high for the Brothers Flub" because of Sunbow's record and staff members.

Production
The creators marketed the series for children ages six through eleven. Sunbow contracted with Animatics, an Orlando, Florida-based company, allowing for Animatics to create the storyline and the storyboard for the series. Laura Sullivan, the senior director of marketing of Sony Wonder, said in a 1999 Promo article that the series attracted equal numbers of male and female children and that it was "very Nickelodeon-looking." The series was delayed for a year from its original scheduled debut.

Episodes

Cast

Main cast
 Guapo Flub: Jerry Sroka
 Fraz Flub: Scott Menville
 Tarara Boomdeyay: Charlotte Rae
 Squish: Ron Hale
 Valerina: Christine Cavanaugh

Additional voices
 Richard Horvitz
 Mariette Hartley
 Joe Lala
 John Kassir
 Jerry Sroka
 Tim Curry
 Candi Milo
 Jeff Bennett
 H. Richard Greene
 Michael Bell
 Pat Fraley
 Sally Struthers
 Roger Rose
 Kevin Michael Richardson
 Jennifer Darling
 Bruce Eckstart
 Tom Shell
 Gayiel Von
 Nick Bakay
 Tress MacNeille
 Harvey Korman
 Estelle Harris
 Marsha Clark: Judy Hen
 Stuart Pankin
 Gregg Berger
 Gary Littman
 Vanessa Marshall
 Peter Ratray
 Dee Bradley Baker
 Lori Alan
 Jim Ward
 Billie Hayes
 Michael Horton
 Tom Kenny
 Tommy Widmer: Bob

Crew
 Charlie Adler - Voice Director

Merchandising
The Brothers Flub was used in several promotional deals for various brands. Fast food chain KFC announced that it would use the characters in a kids' meal, while Carl's Jr. and Hardee's branded tray liners and bags with The Brothers Flub images. GNC planned to include The Brothers Flub yo-yos in its children's vitamins, while department store chain Macy's used the characters in their back-to-school advertising flyers. Skechers started a sweepstakes that distributed Skechers and The Brothers Flub-branded items.

VHS release
Sony Wonder released two videocassettes of the show in 1999. These were entitled Plan C: Panic! and Doom Wears Funny Tights!. Each one featured four episodes of the series. Both tapes are now out of print and hard to find.

VHS releases were planned for the series by Maverick in the United Kingdom, but in the end, no releases came to fruition.

Reception
The Brothers Flub was panned by critics. Joanne Weintraub of the Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel described the show as "a rare clinker with all the noisy hyperactivity of Aaahh!!! Real Monsters and little of the cockeyed charm." The Hollywood Reporter called it "a somewhat vacuous effort that lacks the charm and substance of much of Nick's other programming" but added "now and again [the creators] hit on some clever high jinks." Writing for the Lakeland Ledger, Evan Levine thought that the show had a promising premise, but thought that its humor was mean-spirited.

References

External links

1990s American animated television series
1990s American comic science fiction television series
1999 American television series debuts
1999 American television series endings
1990s German animated television series
1999 German television series debuts
1999 German television series endings
American children's animated comic science fiction television series
American children's animated space adventure television series
German children's animated science fiction television series
German children's animated space adventure television series
Television series by Sunbow Entertainment
Television series by Sony Pictures Television
Television series set on fictional planets
Animated television series about extraterrestrial life
Animated television series about brothers
Nickelodeon original programming


Servignat () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Bresse


Bindiya may refer to:
 Bindi (decoration)
 Bindiya (film), a 1960 Indian Hindi-language drama film
 Bindiya (Pakistani actress)
 Bindiya (Bangladeshi actress)
 Bindiya (novel),  a 1956 novel by Ramnath Pandey
 Bindiya, a character played by Swara Bhasker in the 2013 Indian film Raanjhanaa

See also

 Bindi (disambiguation)


SS City of Venice was an intermediate ocean liner that was launched in 1924 in Northern Ireland for Ellerman Lines. In the Second World War she was a troop ship. In 1943 a U-boat sank her in the Mediterranean, killing 22 of the crew and troops aboard.

She was one of at least three successive ships of the Ellermans Lines to be called City of Venice. There was a sailing ship that was built in 1867 and wrecked in 1871, and a steamship that was built in 1875 and scrapped in 1912.

Details
Workman, Clark and Company built City of Venice in Belfast, launching her on 6 February 1924 and completing her that April. She was  long, had a beam of  and a draught of . As built, she had a quadruple-expansion steam engine that was rated at 819 NHP.

In 1933 Ellerman Lines had a steam turbine with electric transmission added. Exhaust steam from the low-pressure cylinder of her piston engine drove the turbine. The turbine drove an electric generator, which powered an electric motor that drove the same shaft as her piston engine.

The addition of the turbine increased City of Venices fuel efficiency. It also increased her total installed power to 972 NHP, which was a 19 per cent increase and gave her a speed of .

City of Venice was equipped with wireless direction finding from about 1933 and an echo sounding device from about 1934.

Wartime service
In the Second World War City of Venice carried troops and supplies between the UK, Africa, India and Egypt. In 1941 she paid one visit to Halifax, Nova Scotia, from where she sailed to Liverpool in Convoy HX 146. She sailed mostly unescorted, with only occasional convoy protection. After the Allied invasion of French North Africa she sailed between the Clyde and the Mediterranean, starting with Convoy KMS 3G that left the Clyde on 8 November and reached Philippeville in French Algeria on 26 November.

Loss
Her final voyage was in support of Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily. City of Venice was carrying 292 infantry of the 1st Canadian Division, ten naval personnel, and 700 tons of military equipment including the landing craft HMS LCE-14. She was in Convoy KMS 18B, which left the Clyde on 24 June 1943.

At 2047 hours on 4 July, KMS 18B was off the Algerian coast about 10 miles north of Cape Ténès, and City of Venice was steering a zigzag course at , when  fired one torpedo at her starboard side. The torpedo blew a hole in her number two hold and destroyed one of her lifeboats. In the hold were military vehicles whose fuel caught fire, and the explosion disabled the ship's auxiliary pump and deck water service pipes. Water started to get into number three hold as well, and the ship started to settle by the head.

City of Venices Master, James Wyper, gave the order to abandon ship with six of the lifeboats, keeping back boat number eight alongside the ship for himself and a skeleton crew. Boat number six was launched too quickly and swamped, and as a result two lascar crewmen drowned. 19 rafts and two floats were also launched, and by 2130 hrs everyone had left the ship except the skeleton crew of 25–30 men. They fought the fire with the hope of controlling it and then beaching the ship on the coast.

Rescue

At about 2200 hrs boat number eight went to rescue survivors in the water. The fire now threatened to ignite the ship's forward magazine and some petrol that she was carrying as deck cargo, so the   came alongside the ship and took off the remainder of the skeleton crew.

Boat number eight, carrying about 60 people, then came alongside Teviots starboard quarter, but became fouled, capsized and threw all its occupants into the sea. Captain Wyper, eight crew, one DEMS gunner, nine Canadian troops and their commanding officer were killed.

Teviot rescued 204 of the survivors. The   and rescue tug Restive rescued the remainder. The survivors were landed at Algiers on 5 July. City of Venice sank at 0530 hrs that morning, burning fore and aft.

Until relatively recently  was widely believed to have sunk City of Venice. Newer research shows this is inconsistent with the time of the sinking, and U-409 must have been responsible. U-409 was sunk a week later, with the loss of 11 of her 48 crew.

References

1924 ships
Maritime incidents in July 1943
Ocean liners of the United Kingdom
Ships built in Belfast
Ships of the Ellerman Lines
Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II
Steamships of the United Kingdom
Troop ships of the United Kingdom
World War II passenger ships of the United Kingdom
World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea


Sonthonnax-la-Montagne () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Hullo is a village on the fourth largest island of Estonia, Vormsi, in Lääne County, Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Vormsi Parish. The population of Hullo was estimated to be 245 as of January 1, 2010.

Island inhabitants date back to the 13th century. During most of its history the island was inhabited by Estonian Swedes ("rannarootslased" in Estonian, or "coastal Swedes" in English), whose population reached 3,000 before World War II. During the war, nearly all of Vormsi's population, including Hullo's; were evacuated to Sweden.

References

Villages in Lääne County
Vormsi Parish


"The Trouble with the Truth" is a song written by Gary Nicholson, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless. It was released in April 1997 as the fifth and final single and title track from her album  The Trouble with the Truth.

The song charted for 20 weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles and Tracks chart, reaching number 15 during the week of July 12, 1997.

Other versions
Joan Baez also cut a version of the song during an early 1990s recording session in Nashville, but the recording remained unissued until released in 2012 as a bonus track on the remastered rerelease of her 1992 album Play Me Backwards.

Chart positions

References

1997 singles
Patty Loveless songs
Joan Baez songs
Song recordings produced by Emory Gordy Jr.
Epic Records singles
Songs written by Gary Nicholson
1997 songs


James Harold Bell (born 20 November 1950) is a retired British Anglican bishop. He was the area Bishop of Ripon in the Diocese of Leeds.

Early life
Bell studied modern history at St John's College, Durham (BA 1972). Then began a 10-year residence in Oxford, where from 1972 until 1975 he studied for ordination at Wycliffe Hall, meanwhile matriculating in the University of Oxford as a member of St Peter's Hall, taking a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Theology in 1974 (having read for the Final Honour School alone) and incepting as an Oxford Master of Arts (MA Oxon) in 1978.

Ordained ministry
Upon his ordination as a deacon in 1975 he was appointed Honorary Curate of Oxford St Michael with St Martin and All Saints and the following year, having been ordained priest, he because Chaplain and Lecturer of Brasenose College until 1982. He held several pastoral posts in West London before moving to the Diocese of Ripon and Leeds in 1997. Initially Director of Mission (and an Honorary Canon of Ripon Cathedral) he was appointed suffragan Bishop of Knaresborough following the death of Frank Weston.

Bell was consecrated a bishop by David Hope, Archbishop of York, during a service at York Minster on 2 March 2004. He was installed as Bishop of Knaresborough at Ripon Cathedral on 14 March 2004.

From 2004 until the creation of the Diocese of Leeds in 2014, Bell was suffragan Bishop of Knaresborough in the Diocese of Ripon and Leeds; upon the dissolution of the Ripon diocese and the erection of the Leeds diocese, Bell became area bishop for the Ripon area. His title remained Bishop of Knaresborough until that See was translated to Ripon (i.e. the title changed to Bishop of Ripon) by Order in Council of 19 March 2015.

On 23 October 2016, it was announced that Bell was to retire effective 30 April 2017.

Styles
The Reverend James Bell (1975–1997)
The Reverend Canon James Bell (1997–2004)
The Right Reverend James Bell (2004–present)

References

External links
 archived website that contains information about James Bell, as of 23 September 2016

Bishops of Knaresborough
Anglican Diocese of Leeds
1950 births
Living people
Alumni of St John's College, Durham
Alumni of Wycliffe Hall, Oxford
Alumni of St Peter's College, Oxford
Fellows of Brasenose College, Oxford
Bishops of Ripon (modern area bishops)


Thoiry may refer to::

 Thoiry, Ain, a commune in the department of Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France
 Thoiry, Savoie, a commune in the department of Savoie, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France
 Thoiry, Yvelines, a commune in the department of Yvelines, Île-de-France region, France


Dean Daniel Oliver (born November 5, 1978) is an American former professional basketball player and current assistant coach for the University of Wisconsin men's basketball team.  An undrafted 5'11" (1.80 m) guard from the University of Iowa, Oliver played with the Golden State Warriors from 2001-02 to 2002-03.

Early life and college
Born in Quincy, Illinois, Oliver graduated from Mason City High School in Mason City, Iowa in 1997 as a member of the National Honor Society with a 3.9 GPA. At the University of Iowa, Oliver played in the Hawkeyes basketball team all four years and graduated in 2001 with a Bachelor of Business Administration in finance. In his senior season, Oliver averaged 14.9 points, 2.8 rebounds, and 4.8 assists per game. Oliver was a three-time third-team All-Big Ten Conference selection (1999–2001) and led the conference in assist/turnover ratio in his senior season.

Professional career

Player
In March 1996 and 1997 Oliver and his fellow players lead his team, the Mason City Mohawks, to two state tournament wins. Head coach at the time was Robert Horner, father of player and former Hawkeye, Jeff Horner. Oliver was not drafted in the 2001 NBA draft but played two seasons with the Golden State Warriors, who waived Oliver on December 5, 2002. With the Warriors, Oliver played a mostly backup role in 35 games, averaging 1.8 points, 0.7 rebounds, and 1.3 assists per game.

Oliver's final NBA game was played on December 3rd, 2002 in a 110 - 89 win over the Denver Nuggets where he recorded 5 points and 1 rebound.

On February 3, 2003, he signed with the Greenville Groove of the NBA Development League (D-League). The Groove waived Oliver on February 23, and Oliver signed with the D-League team Asheville Altitude two days later. In October 2003, Oliver signed with the expansion team of the USBL, Cedar Rapids River Raiders, in his home state of Iowa; the River Raiders would begin play in the spring of 2004. He then signed with the Dakota Wizards of the CBA in February 2004. The Wizards won the 2004 CBA title, and Oliver was a backup for the Wizards.

Oliver began playing in European leagues in 2004.

With Śląsk Wrocław of the Polish Basketball League, Oliver scored 17 points to bring the team to third place in the tournament.

From 2007 to 2010, Oliver played for the Dutch team EiffelTowers, which won Dutch Basketball League Cups in 2008 and 2009.

Coach
In 2011, he became the head of basketball operations at North Dakota. In 2014, he became an assistant basketball coach at Illinois State. On April 20, 2017, Oliver was named an assistant at Wisconsin under coach Greg Gard.

Notes

External links
 Illinois State bio
 North Dakota bio
 Oliver bio from basketball-reference.com
DraftExpress stats (includes European league stats)

1978 births
Living people
ABA League players
American expatriate basketball people in Croatia
American expatriate basketball people in France
American expatriate basketball people in Greece
American expatriate basketball people in the Netherlands
American expatriate basketball people in Poland
American expatriate basketball people in Slovenia
American men's basketball players
Asheville Altitude players
Basketball players from Illinois
Basketball players from Iowa
Dakota Wizards (CBA) players
Golden State Warriors players
Greenville Groove players
Heroes Den Bosch players
Illinois State Redbirds men's basketball coaches
Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball players
KK Zadar players
North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's basketball coaches
People from Mason City, Iowa
Point guards
Sportspeople from Greater St. Louis
Sportspeople from Quincy, Illinois
Undrafted National Basketball Association players
Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball coaches


Thoiry () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

The little village was the scene of the September 1926 meeting between Aristide Briand of France and Gustav Stresemann of Germany. During the meeting the two discussed proposals for finally settling the various claims from the First World War, and their common interest in the then-fashionable paneuropean ideas. Ultimately, however, the meeting came to be a missed chance on the road to European integration, as neither statesman could carry domestic opinion with them on these issues.

The highest peak in the Jura Mountains, the Crêt de la Neige, is located in the commune.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Owsley Brown Frazier (May 7, 1935 – August 16, 2012) was a philanthropist from Louisville, Kentucky United States who founded the Frazier History Museum. He retired from the board of directors of the Brown-Forman corporation, which his grandfather George Garvin Brown founded in 1870, and is one of the largest American-owned companies in the spirits and wine business. He was raised in Louisville.

Business career

Frazier was Vice-Chairman and the public face of Brown-Forman from 1983 until his retirement in 2000, but he remained on the board of directors. He first worked for the company as a trainee in 1955. After graduating from the University of Louisville he became the company's lawyer in 1960, then joined the board of directors and became director of personnel in 1964.

Frazier owned Bittners, LLC a 150-year-old interior design, architectural and furniture business in Louisville.

He served as director of Greater Louisville Inc. and the Kentucky Economic Development Corporation. He was an early co-chairman of the board to study building the KFC Yum! Center. He also served on the board of Louisville-based Papa John's Pizza.

He was appointed by Kentucky Governor Paul Patton and reappointed by Gov. Ernie Fletcher to serve on the University of Louisville Board of Trustees.

Philanthropy

Frazier was recognized as one of the leading individual donors to Jewish Hospital/Frazier Rehab, Bellarmine University, Kentucky Country Day and the University of Louisville, of which he was a lifetime member of the Board of Trustees. He was a leading donor to Jewish Hospital in Louisville, including the Frazier Rehab Institute, which is named after his mother.

In 2004, it was estimated that he had given over $500 million to charity throughout his life.

Weapon collection and museum

For much of his life, Frazier collected historic guns and knives. His collection began with a long rifle, made circa 1820 in Bardstown, Kentucky and given to him by his grandfather. This rifle was permanently lost in the tornado which hit Louisville during the 1974 Super Outbreak, and Frazier credited the event with sparking his interest in collecting historic weapons on a larger scale. His collection included weapons such as Theodore Roosevelt's "Big Stick", a 1866 Winchester carbine owned by Buffalo Bill Cody and guns used by General George Armstrong Custer. Most of the weapons were from 1840 to 1910.

In 2000, the Kentucky Historical Society asked him to present his collection in Frankfort, Kentucky. Thousands of people attended the exhibit, surprising Frazier and leading him to think about doing a long-term exhibition. In 2001, he purchased two former warehouses in Downtown Louisville and announced plans to open a museum, initially called the Frazier Historical Arms Museum but later renamed the Frazier International History Museum once the Royal Armouries of Britain chose to display part of their collection at the Frazier.  The museum dropped the international from its name and is now known as the Frazier History Museum in March 2011, while the Royal Armouries Collection is still on display, the museum's collection will begin to reflect local Kentucky history, and de-emphasize the weapons collection.  Shortly after this, a world-class travelling exhibit, Da Vinci- The Genius went on display.

Frazier donated most of the $32 million in startup funds for the museum.  Frazier's mission statement for the museum is "To evoke a passion for the knowledge and understanding of history, so that all who pass through our doors may learn from the past, live in the present and better prepare for the future."

Gun dealer trial

In late 2007, a gun dealer and his wife went on trial in U.S. District Court on charges of defrauding Frazier by overcharging him for historic weapons. A third defendant, a gun expert, was charged with causing Frazier to file false tax returns by overestimating the value of weapons he was donating to the museum. The prosecution argued the dealer bilked Frazier and the museum out of $1.75 million through kickbacks and phony surcharges on gun sales, and that his wife "schmoozed" Frazier and discouraged him from talking to other experts who might tell him he was being defrauded. The defense argued Frazier was aware the dealer was profiting from the sales. The three defendants were acquitted of most charges, but the dealer was found guilty of failing to file a tax return.

Political fundraising

Frazier donated money and organized fundraisers for both Democrats such as Kentucky Governor Paul E. Patton and Republicans such as George W. Bush. A fundraiser at his house in 1999 for Bush set the record for most money raised for a primary candidate in Kentucky, collecting over $650,000.

From 2000 to 2004, he donated over $89,000 to political campaigns - nearly all of them Republican.

Awards

Frazier holds honorary doctorates from the University of Louisville and Bellarmine University. He won the Louisville Urban League's Equality Award in 1990. In 2002 he was given the Founders Award, a lifetime achievement award and the highest honor given by the Louisville Historical League.

Personal

Frazier lived in a house built by his grandfather in 1910 called "The Avish" in the suburban city of Harrods Creek, Kentucky. He also owns a  farm in Shelby County, Kentucky. His only marriage ended in a divorce, and he had three daughters.

When asked what it is like to use a wheelchair, Frazier responded, "You know, my brain is not in a wheelchair. It's just my body. Basically what I have is bone spurs, both within and outside my spinal column. I'm fairly much paralyzed from basically my waist down. With a mobile wheelchair like this, I can get out and move around really pretty well. The last thing in the world that I wanted to do was to stay at home, sit around and do nothing."

Frazier was a member of the Sons of the American Revolution, and the River Valley Club. He was a member of the first graduating class of Louisville Country Day, which is the merged male parent school to the current Kentucky Country Day School and received a law degree from the University of Louisville.

References

1935 births
2012 deaths
Museum founders
Businesspeople from Louisville, Kentucky
Brown–Forman people
Kentucky Country Day School alumni
University of Louisville School of Law alumni
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American philanthropists


Oromahoe () is a locality in Northland, New Zealand. It lies on state highway 10.

Oromāhoe Marae and Ngāti Kawa meeting house are a meeting ground for the local Ngāpuhi hapū of Ngāti Kawa and Ngāti Rāhiri.

Education
Oromahoe School is a coeducational full primary (years 1–8) school with a decile rating of 6 and a roll of 58 in 2009. It was established as a mission school in the 1870s, and later became a Native School. More than 80% of students live outside the school bus area and are transported to and from school by private vehicles.

Notes

External links
 Oromahoe School website

Far North District
Populated places in the Northland Region


Vandeins (; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


is a Shinto shrine in the Yamamoto neighborhood of the city of Suzuka in Mie Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the two shrines which claim the title of ichinomiya of former Ise Province. The main festival of the shrine is held annually on October 11.

Enshrined kami
The kami enshrined at Tsubaki Grand Shrine are:
 , leader of the kunitsukami and patron of martial arts such as aikido.
 , grandson of Amaterasu and great-grandfather Emperor Jimmu
 , kami of clothing, weaving, mother of Ninigi
 , kami of  dawn, mirth, meditation, revelry and the arts; wife of Sarutahiko
 , kami of  life; wife of Ninigi
 , kami of training, study, business; ancestor of the kannushi Yamamoto clan

History
The origins of Tsubaki Grand Shrine are unknown. Although there is no documentary evidence, the shrine's legend states that it was founded in the year 3 BCE during the reign of the legendary Emperor Suinin by the order of Princess Yamato on the site of the grave of Sarutahiko. It first appears in historical documentation in an entry dated 748 in the  records of Daian-ji in Nara. It is listed as a major shrine in the Engishiki records from the early Heian period, and was regarded as the ichinomiya of the province from this time, although this is contested by Tsubaki Jinja, (also in Suzuka), which claims that it is the shrine listed in the Engishiki.

Further according to the shrine's legend, a descendant of Sarutahiko, Gyōman Daimyōjin, was the founder of Shugendō and this the shrine was a center of the Shugendō religion in the Heian and Kamakura periods. The current chief priest claims to be the 97th generation descendant of Gyōman Daimyōjin.

During the Meiji period era of State Shinto, the shrine was rated as a County shrine in 1871 and was promoted to a Prefectural shrine in 1927 under the Modern system of ranked Shinto Shrines In 1935, it was designed as the head shrine for approximately 2000 shrines in the country dedicated to Sarutahiko, although only a small fraction of these shrines actually have any connection to this shrine. One the other hand, the Tsubaki Grand Shrine is the head shrine for shrined dedicated to the "Tsubaki Daimyōjin", which exist all over the country and even overseas, such as the Tsubaki Grand Shrine of America.

As Sarutahiko is revered in aikido, Tsubaki has a martial arts hall for practice, as well as an archery range for the practitioners of kyūdō.  There is also a chashitsu (teahouse) called Reishō-an, donated by the founder of Panasonic, Matsushita Konosuke. Behind the main shrine hall is a sacred waterfall, Kinryū Myōjin no Taki, where misogi is practiced.

The shrine is located a 45-minutes by bus from Kasado Station on the JR Central Kansai Main Line.

Gallery

See also
List of Shinto shrines
Ichinomiya
Tsubaki Jinja the other Ise Ichinomiya

References
 Plutschow, Herbe. Matsuri: The Festivals of Japan. RoutledgeCurzon (1996)
 Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959).  The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887

External links

 Official home page
 Kami no Michi: The Way of the Kami—The Life And Thought of a Shinto Priest, by Guji Yukitaka Yamamoto (96th priest of Tsubaki Grand Shrine)
Prefecture Official tourist information site

Notes

Shinto shrines in Mie Prefecture
Ise Province
Suzuka, Mie
Ichinomiya
Beppyo shrines
Ken-sha
Shōsha Ronsha


Vernoux () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Bresse


Versonnex may refer to the following places in France:

 Versonnex, Ain, a commune in the department of Ain
 Versonnex, Haute-Savoie, a commune in the department of Haute-Savoie


The Third Antichrist is the third full-length album by the Swedish blackened death metal band Necrophobic. It was recorded and mixed at Sunlight studios in Stockholm, Sweden December 1998 – June 1999, and released by Black Mark Production in October 1999. Jens Ryden and Michael Semprevivo designed the cover.

Track listing
 "Rise of the Infernal" 01:45 (Music: Sebastian Ramstedt)
 "The Third of Arrivals" 04:18 (Music: Tobias Sidegård; Lyrics: Sidegård, Ramstedt)
 "Frozen Empire" 04:35 (Music: Ramstedt, Joakim Sterner; Lyrics: Sterner)
 "Into Armageddon" 04:37 (Music: Martin Halfdan; Lyrics: Sterner)
 "Eye of the Storm" 04:58 (Music: Sidegård, Ramstedt; Lyrics: Sidegård)
 "The Unhallowed" 02:55 (Music: Halfdan; Lyrics: Sterner)
 "Isaz" 03:37 (Music: Ramstedt; Lyrics: Halfdan, Sidegård)
 "The Throne of Souls Possessed" 04:40 (Music: Sterner, Ramstedt; Lyrics: Sterner)
 "He Who Rideth in Rage" 04:12 (Music: Halfdan, Sidegård, Ramstedt; Lyrics: Halfdan)
 "Demonic" 05:13 (Music: Ramstedt, Sterner; Lyrics: Ramstedt)
 "One Last Step Into the Great Mist" 03:30 (Music: Halfdan; Lyrics: Halfdan)

Members
Tobias Sidegård - Vocals and bass guitar
Sebastian Ramstedt - Lead and rhythm guitar
Martin Halfdan - Lead and rhythm guitar
Joakim Sterner - Drums

References

1999 albums
Necrophobic albums


Versonnex (; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Millot was a French automobile built by the Millot brothers in the town of Gray, in 1896.

The car was steered with a flat steering wheel in the center of the car. The seating was a seat at the back facing forward and a seat on the front where the passengers would have been facing in the opposite direction. The engine was under the rear seat and turned the wheels with a huge chain. Another strange feature was the enormous flywheel.

In 1901, the 'Vis-à-vis' body was replaced by a modern 2+2 body. They also built cars with four-cylinder engines.

The automobile was not very successful and the number of cars produced is unknown. It is believed that only a very limited number were ever made. The company was closed in 1902.

See also
List of car brands

References

External links
Motorbase Millot information-

Cars of France


Vesancy () is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France. The commune has an average elevation of  above sea level.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Vescours is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Bresse


Audoen (sometimes Audin or Ouen) was a medieval Bishop of Évreux in Normandy. He was the son of Anger, a canon of London, and brother of Thurstan, the Archbishop of York. Audoen served as bishop from 1113 to 1139.

Citations

References

Bishops of Évreux
12th-century French Roman Catholic bishops
1139 deaths
Year of birth unknown


Vieu-d'Izenave (, literally Vieu of Izenave; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Geography

Climate
Vieu-d'Izenave has a oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Vieu-d'Izenave is . The average annual rainfall is  with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Vieu-d'Izenave was  on 31 July 2020; the coldest temperature ever recorded was  on 7 February 2012.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Villeneuve (; ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Ain department

References

Communes of Ain
Dombes
Ain communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


In model theory, a branch of mathematical logic, a C-minimal theory is a theory that is  "minimal" with respect to a ternary relation C with certain properties. Algebraically closed fields with a (Krull) valuation are perhaps the most important example.

This notion was defined in analogy to the o-minimal theories, which are "minimal" (in the same sense) with respect to a linear order.

Definition

A C-relation is a ternary relation C(x;y,z) that satisfies the following axioms.

A C-minimal structure is a structure M, in a signature containing the symbol C, such that C satisfies the above axioms and every set of elements of M that is definable with parameters in M is a Boolean combination of instances of C, i.e. of formulas of the form C(x;b,c), where b and c are elements of M.

A theory is called C-minimal if all of its models are C-minimal. A structure is called strongly C-minimal if its theory is C-minimal. One can construct C-minimal structures which are not strongly C-minimal.

Example

For a prime number p and a p-adic number a, let |a|p denote its p-adic absolute value. Then the relation defined by  is a C-relation, and the theory of Qp with addition and this relation is C-minimal. The theory of Qp as a field, however, is not C-minimal.

References

Model theory


"You Don't Seem to Miss Me" is a song written by Jim Lauderdale, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless featuring backing vocals from George Jones.  It was released in September 1997 as the first single from her album Long Stretch of Lonesome. The song won Loveless and Jones the 1998 Country Music Association Award for Musical Event of the Year.

The song charted for 20 weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles and Tracks chart, reaching number 14 during the week of December 13, 1997.

In 2020, Josh Turner recorded a version of the song featuring Runaway June on backing vocals for his album Country State of Mind.

Chart positions

References

1997 singles
Patty Loveless songs
George Jones songs
Josh Turner songs
Runaway June songs
Male–female vocal duets
Songs written by Jim Lauderdale
Song recordings produced by Emory Gordy Jr.
Epic Records singles
1997 songs


Steel Brother is a collection of science fiction stories by Gordon R. Dickson.  It was first published by Tor Books in 1985 and reprints most of the stories from Dickson's 1984 collection Dickson!, with one substitution and one added interview.  The stories originally appeared in the magazines SFWA Bulletin, Astounding, Galaxy Science Fiction, Analog Science Fiction and Fact, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine and Science Fiction Stories.  The book contains the introduction to each story by Sandra Miesel from the previous collection, though they are not credited.

Contents

 Introduction, by Poul Anderson
 "Out of the Darkness"
 "The Man in the Mailbag"
 "The Hard Way"
 "Perfectly Adjusted"
 "Steel Brother"
 "Childe Cycle: Status 1984"
 A Conversation with Gordon R. Dickson, by Sandra Miesel

References

1985 short story collections
Short story collections by Gordon R. Dickson
Tor Books books


are miniature household altars provided to enshrine a Shinto . They are most commonly found in Japan, the home of  worship.

The  is typically placed high on a wall and contains a wide variety of items related to Shinto-style ceremonies, the most prominent of which is the , an object meant to house a chosen , thus giving it a physical form to allow worship.  are most commonly small circular mirrors, though they can also be   jewels, or some other object with largely symbolic value. The  within the  is often the deity of the local shrine or one particular to the house owner's profession. A part of the  () was obtained specifically for that purpose from a shrine through a process called .

Worship at the  typically consists of the offering of simple prayers, food (e.g., rice, fruit, water) and flowers. Before worshipping at the  it is ritually important for family members to cleanse their hands or mouth.

 can also be found in some traditional Japanese martial arts dojos.

Acquisition and care
A household  is typically set up in one's home to enshrine an , a type of charm. Both  and  can be obtained at any large Shinto shrine.  by themselves can be displayed on a counter or anywhere visible, provided that they are kept in their protective pouches. However, when an  is enshrined in a  there are several rules which must be followed to ensure proper installation.

 First, a  cannot be set up on the ground or at eye level. It must be above an ordinary person's eye level.
 Second, a  cannot be set up over an entrance; it must be built into a space which people will not walk under.
 Finally, when an  is enshrined in a , after removing the pouch it is customary to leave an offering of water, liquor, or food in front of the , which should be renewed regularly. Water, for example, is stored in a small, droplet-shaped vessel called a .

These rules apply both to one's household and to martial arts dojos.

 are replaced before the end of each year. However,  can be kept in one's house until they are no longer usable.

Examples

See also
  – analogous concept in Japanese Buddhism
 Etiquette in Japan

 Spirit house
  - also called , , or

Notes

References

Bibliography
 Ono, Sokyo, Shinto: The Kami Way, Charles E. Tuttle Company,

Altars
Japanese architectural features
Japanese home
Shinto
Shinto religious objects
Japanese words and phrases


The Acqua Pia Antica Marcia or Aqua Pia was an aqueduct in Rome.  It was first built as a restoration of the classical Aqua Marcia by Luigi Canina, commissioned by Pope Pius IX. Its city terminus was the Fountain of the Naiads in the Piazza Esedra.

The Acqua Pia Antica Marcia SpA society was formed in 1868 to manage and sell the waters of this aqueduct; this society was for a long time one of the main water suppliers to Rome, and still manages some fountains and drains.  This proved necessary with Rome's population expansion at this period but the infrastructure's expansion was not achieved without resistance. Moves to create a secondary source for the aqueduct in the commune of Agosto led to its residents organizing a guerilla army, which stopped the society from creating this new source until the end of the Second World War.

Sources
This page is a translation of its Italian equivalent.

Pia


The Anglo-Egyptian Bank was a British overseas bank established in 1864.

History
The founding banks were Agra and Masterman's Bank, La Compagnie Financière Maurice de Cattauï and the General Credit and Finance Co., and the bank incorporated Pastré Frères et Compagnie (est. 1821; reorganized 1827 by Eugène Pastré) and Giovanni Sinadino and Co., which was the only one of the four to have its seat in Egypt, in Alexandria. The senior officials of all four firms sat on the first board of directors.

In addition to its activities in Egypt, the Anglo-Egyptian opened branches in the British Mediterranean, where it frequently acted as banker to the British authorities.

The Anglo-Egyptian Bank issued banknotes for Malta in 1886.

1895, a notice signed by the secretary of the bank, William Hart, states the head office is located on Lombard Street, London, with branches in Alexandria, Cairo, Gibraltar, Malta, and Rue Lafayette of Paris

Until 1920 the Cattauï Family had a controlling interest in Anglo-Egyptian. Then in 1921 Barclays Bank initially acquired 15% of the bank before acquiring the Cattauï family's interest in 1924, which made Barclay's the majority stakeholder in Anglo-Egyptian. In 1925, Barclays Bank merged Anglo-Egyptian with Colonial Bank and National Bank of South Africa to form Barclays (Dominion, Colonial & Overseas). In 1956, following the Anglo-French attack on Port Said, the Egyptian government sequestrated the 19 branches, one sub-branch, and 26 agencies in Egypt, using them to found Bank of Alexandria.

Timeline

Acquisition
 1884 Anglo-Egyptian purchased the accounts of the liquidated Commercial Bank of Alexandria, which had been established in 1868.

Branch openings and closings
 1864 Alexandria
 1878 Larnaca and Nicosia
 1881 Malta
 1888 Gibraltar
 1890 The bank closed the branches in Cyprus and Port Saïd.
 1913 Khartoum. After nationalization in 1970, the operations in Sudan became part of Bank of Khartoum.
 1918 Jerusalem  and Jaffa
 1921 The Musky, a commercial district in Cairo.
 1925 Anglo-Egyptian had 16 branches in all.

See also

Israel Discount Bank
Banknotes of the Anglo-Egyptian Banking Company Limited (Malta)

Citations & references
Citations

References
Samir Saul (1994) From the Anglo-Egyptian Bank to Barclays (DCO): A Century of Overseas Banking. In M. Davids, F. Proceedings of the Conference on Business History, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. de Goey, D. De Wit (eds.),

Bibliography
Egypt sets new targets for banking sector after moving to free-floating currency, published by Oxford Business Group - accessed 2020-02-14
Anglo Egyptian Bank, published by Barclays PLC - accessed 2020-02-14
Barclays Bank International, formerly Barclays Bank (Dominion, Colonial & Overseas) and Barclays Bank D.C.O. published by Barclays Group Archives (BGA) - accessed 2020-02-14
(shows errata "1827") Lot: 79, published by Spink & Son - accessed 2020-02-14

Banks established in 1864
Barclays
British overseas banks
1864 establishments in Egypt


Zhelaizhai () is a village on the edge of the Gobi desert in Gansu province, China. The area was renamed after Liqian, an ancient county, and is located in Jiaojiazhuang township, Yongchang County. Some of the modern-day residents of Zhelaizhai, now known as Liqian village, have been suspected to be descendants of a group of Roman soldiers that were never accounted for after being captured in the Battle of Carrhae. Although this story has been seized upon by some area residents, recent authorities have shown that the notion has serious shortcomings.

Lost Romans myth

Zhelaizhai received much attention from international media and researchers due to a hypothesis which states that its inhabitants may have descended from the Romans. The area of the former Liqian County is known for the distinctive physical appearance of its inhabitants. The population has higher frequencies of traits prevalent in Europe, such as aquiline noses, blonde or light-colored hair, blue or green eyes, and relatively fair skin tones. In the 1940s, Homer H. Dubs, a professor of Chinese history at the University of Oxford, suggested that the people of Liqian were descended from Roman legionaries taken prisoner at the Battle of Carrhae. Several investigations of Dubs' theory have been conducted. To date, no artifacts which might confirm a Roman presence, such as coins or weaponry, have been discovered in Zhelaizhai. Rob Gifford, commenting on the theory, described it as one of many "rural myths".

The history records of the town indicate that it was founded by captured combatants of the Battle of Zhizhi during 36 BC. A geography book of the eastern Han Dynasty records that "Local people call the ancestors of the Roman prisoners-of-war Lijian", a Chinese term for being of Greco-Roman origin.

Genetic testing in 2005 revealed that 56% of the DNA of some Zhelaizhai residents could be classified as Caucasoid but did not determine their origins. A subsequent DNA study in 2007 found that "paternal genetic variation" did not support "a Roman mercenary origin" and that the modern population of Liqian was consistent genetically with it being a "subgroup of the Chinese majority Han."

Geography
Zhelaizhai lies in the Hexi Corridor in the northern region of China, on the eastern edge of the Gobi Desert. It is rural, with the nearest city being  distant.

See also
 Sino-Roman relations

References

Villages in China
Jinchang
Ethnic groups in China


LLT may refer to:
Laser lithotripsy, a surgical procedure to remove urinary stones
LLT GM High Feature engine, a type of engine
Lucas–Lehmer primality test for Mersenne numbers
Cholesky decomposition, an algorithm to decompose matrix A into a lower Matrix L : A = LLT.
Linus Media Group, a tech media group based in canada.