Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana y Butrón (22 September 1722 – 17 April 1804) was a Catholic Cardinal, who had also earlier served as Archbishop of Mexico.

Biography
After the completion of his studies at the Jesuit College of his native city, he entered the ecclesiastical state and was appointed, at an early date, to a canonry in Toledo. In 1765 he was named Bishop of Plasencia (not Palencia, as sometimes erroneously stated). The following year he was called upon to assume the difficult charge of the large Archdiocese of Mexico.  He established an asylum for foundlings there at his own expense. He collected and published the acts of the first three provincial councils of Mexico held respectively in 1555, 1565, and 1585: Concilios provinciales, I, II, III, de Mexico (Mexico, 1769–70).

In 1771 he held the Fourth Mexican Provincial council synod, which was strongly regalist. (However its decrees, which he forwarded to Madrid for confirmation, were buried in the royal archives). He also brought together valuable historical documents relating to the secular and religious history of Mexico and published them in a richly illustrated work under the title, Historia de Nueva Espana (Mexico, 1770). According to one scholar, Lorenzana "became an outspoken critic of the crown's ecclesiastical policy and warned Charles III that his measures were Protestant heresies."

Archbishop of Toledo
In 1772 he was recalled to Spain and placed at the head of the Archdiocese of Toledo. He built a library for this city and collected the works of the principal writers of the Church of Toledo. These writings appeared in an edition, SS. Patrum Toletanorum opera (Madrid, 1782–93). He likewise published a new edition of the Gothic or Mozarabic Breviary, Breviarium Gothicum (Madrid, 1775), and Mozarabic Missal, Missale Gothicum (Rome, 1804). In the introductions to these publications he discussed the Mozarabic liturgy. Editions of Spanish conciliar decrees, the Roman Catechism, and the Canons of the Council of Trent also engaged his attention, and the works of Isidore of Seville were published at his expense by the Spanish Jesuit, Faustino Arévalo: S. Isidori Hispalensis Opera Omnia (Rome, 1797–1803).

Along with these scientific pursuits he actively carried on social work, founding hospitals and asylums. He converted a castle to a workhouse, subsidized the silk industry, and instructed parish priests help peasants on how to improve agriculture. Lorenzana was among other reformist clerics who put emphasis on improving welfare on earth and not focusing entirely on spiritual life after death.

During the French Revolution he was a generous benefactor of the exiled French clergy, over five hundred of whom he received into his own diocese.

In 1789 he was created cardinal by Pius VI, and from 1794-97 he held the post of Grand Inquisitor.  In 1797 was appointed envoy extraordinary from Spain to the Holy See, in which capacity he supported the pope in the difficulties attendant on the French invasion. On the death of Pius VI he made possible the holding of the conclave in Venice (1 December 1799) by providing traveling expenses for some of the cardinals who were penniless. He accompanied the newly elected pope, Pius VII, to Rome and in order to remain at his side resigned in 1800 his archiepiscopal see. No less active in Rome than in Mexico or Toledo, he was in 1801 one of the founders of a new Catholic Academy in Rome. An inheritance of 25,000 scudi which fell to him he assigned to the poor, whom he designated as his heirs.

As a regalist and attentive to the commands of the Count of Floridablanca whom Charles III gave complete authority to implement policy after 1776, Cardinal Lorenzana adhered to royal policy which saw smuggling, tax evasion, and other ways in which individuals avoided paying taxes as "a grave sin."

Lorenzana was an important figure in Mexican history as a collector and editor. He helped prepare for publication the works of Juan López de Velasco, Juan Suárez de Peralta and Martín Alfonso Tavila.  He also published letters of conqueror Hernán Cortés, that included an account of Cortés's voyage to Baja California, as well as later expeditions there to 1769.

After Charles III's death in 1788, his son and successor Charles IV replaced Cardinal Lorenzana with Don Luis María Cardinal de Borbón y Vallabriga.

References

Further reading
Luis Sierra Nava-Lasa, El Cardenal Lorenzana y la Ilustración. Madrid, 1975.

External links

1722 births
1804 deaths
Roman Catholic archbishops of Mexico (city)
18th-century Spanish cardinals
Grand Inquisitors of Spain
18th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Mexico
Cardinals created by Pope Pius VI


Marco Bianco may refer to:

Marco Bianco (cyclist), Italian Cyclo-cross cyclist in 2011 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships – Men's elite race etc.
Marco Bianco (EastEnders), a character from the 2007 season of the British soap opera EastEnders


Michal Macek (born 19 January 1981) is a Czech footballer currently playing for Vlašim, on loan from 1. FK Příbram.

Macek has represented his country at every level up to and including Under 21. At that level he scored in his only appearance. Also represented his country at the 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship.

He joined St. Patrick's Athletic in July 2007 from Czech 1st Division club FK SIAD Most and has also had spells with FK Marila Příbram and FK Drnovice.

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
Czech men's footballers
Czech Republic men's youth international footballers
Czech Republic men's under-21 international footballers
St Patrick's Athletic F.C. players
League of Ireland players
Czech expatriate men's footballers
Czech First League players
1. FK Drnovice players
FK Baník Most 1909 players
FK Příbram players
MFK Karviná players
FK Čáslav players
FC Sellier & Bellot Vlašim players
Men's association football forwards
FC Oberlausitz Neugersdorf players
Expatriate men's association footballers in the Republic of Ireland
Footballers from Příbram


T23 may refer to:

Aviation
 Aerotec T-23, a Brazilian military trainer
 Albany Municipal Airport (Texas), in Shackelford County, Texas, United States
 Junkers T 23, a German experimental trainer
 Slingsby T.23 Kite 1A, a British glider

Rail and transit

Rolling stock
 SJ T23, a Swedish locomotive
 WEG T 23, a German railbus

Stations
 Nishi-Funabashi Station, in Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
 Tanimachi Yonchōme Station, in Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan
 Yashima Station (Kagawa), in Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan

Ships and boats
 Columbia T-23, an American sailboat

Other uses
 Cooper T23, a British racing car
 T23 Medium Tank, an American prototype tank
 T-23 Tankette, a Soviet tank
 ThinkPad T23, a notebook computer


Davyhurst may refer to:
 Davyhurst, Western Australia
 Davyhurst Gold Mine, a gold mine in Western Australia


Bertel Dahlgaard (7 November 1887 – 31 March 1972), was a Danish politician, member of Folketinget for the Social Liberal Party 1920–1960, and statistician. As a Minister twice, as well as a leading member of his party for two decades, he was known for his pragmatism and tactical skills.

1887 births
1972 deaths
People from Viborg Municipality
Danish Social Liberal Party politicians
Danish Interior Ministers
Members of the Folketing


WSNO (1450 kHz; "The Penguin") is an AM radio station licensed to serve Barre, Vermont.  Established in 1959, the station is owned by Jeffrey Shapiro's Great Eastern Radio. The station has been silent since September 2023; it most recently broadcast an adult hits format, simulcast from Burlington-market WSNO-FM (97.9 FM) in Au Sable, New York, and also heard on translator W289CH (105.7 FM).

The station has been assigned the WSNO call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.

History

WSNO signed on October 13, 1959. The original owners, JKL Broadcasting Company, sold the station to Robert Kimel and Bessie Grad, owners of WWSR in St. Albans, in 1960. By 1961, the station had affiliated with the CBS Radio Network. By 1970, WSNO had a middle of the road format, with twelve hours weekly of country music. In 1980, the station shifted to a full-time country music format. The station had added an affiliation with Mutual by 1993, while remaining a CBS affiliate. In 1996, the station switched to a news/talk format.

Kimel sold WSNO and sister station WORK (107.1 FM, now WRFK) to Bull Moose Broadcasting in 1997; two years later, the stations were purchased by Vox Radio Group. Nassau Broadcasting Partners acquired most of Vox's northern New England radio stations in 2004.

WSNO, along with 29 other Nassau stations in northern New England, was purchased at bankruptcy auction by Carlisle Capital Corporation, a company controlled by Bill Binnie (owner of WBIN-TV in Derry), on May 22, 2012. The station, and 12 of the other stations, were then acquired by Vertical Capital Partners, controlled by Jeff Shapiro. The deal was completed on November 30, 2012. The Vertical Capital Partners stations were transferred to Shapiro's existing Great Eastern Radio group on January 1, 2013.

In the later years of its talk format, WSNO's programming included Imus in the Morning, The Glenn Beck Radio Program, The Rush Limbaugh Show, and The Howie Carr Show.  WSNO also featured local news and weather, high school sports, NFL Football, Boston Bruins and NCAA Basketball. WSNO ended its talk format after 20 years on August 29, 2016, and began stunting. The station introduced a top 40 format at midnight on September 2, 2016, and concurrently began simulcasting on translator W289CH (105.7 FM); the station was branded as "105.7 The Beat". The first song on The Beat was "Can't Stop the Feeling!" by Justin Timberlake. Despite the format change, WSNO continued its high school sports coverage.

On January 1, 2022, WSNO began simulcasting newly-acquired sister station WXMS (which concurrently became WSNO-FM) from Au Sable, New York (near Burlington and Plattsburgh), with an adult hits format branded as "The Penguin". All three of the initial members of the new format's airstaff previously worked at Burlington top 40 station WXXX.

WSNO went silent in September 2023 after losing its transmitter site; the "Penguin" programming was moved to the second HD Radio channel of WWFY (100.9 FM) to continue to feed the 105.7 translator.

References

External links

SNO
Adult hits radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1959
1959 establishments in Vermont


Melaleuca rhaphiophylla, commonly known as swamp paperbark is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south west of Western Australia. It has narrow, needle-like leaves and profuse spikes of white or yellowish flowers at variable times throughout the year. As its common name suggests, it is usually found in salt marshes, or swamps or along watercourses and occurs over wide areas of the south-west.

Description
Melaleuca rhaphiophylla is a  large shrub or small tree, growing to  tall, often multi-stemmed, with a bushy crown and greyish papery bark. Its leaves are soft, arranged alternately,  long,  wide, linear in shape, circular or oval in cross-section and taper to a hooked point.

The flowers are a shade of white to cream, arranged in heads or spikes on the ends of most of the branches which continue to grow after flowering and sometimes also in the upper leaf axils. The heads are up to  in diameter,  long and contain 4 to 25 groups of flowers in threes. The petals are  long and fall off as the flower matures. There are five bundles of stamens around the flower, each with 11 to 25 stamens. Flowering occurs spasmodically, mainly from May to January and is followed by fruit which are woody, cup-shaped capsules,  long and  in diameter in clusters along the stem.

Taxonomy and naming
Melaleuca rhaphiophylla was first formally described in 1844 by Johannes Schauer in Plantae Preissianae from specimens collected "in the sandy plain of the Swan River" and "in humus on the banks of the Avon River near the village of York". The specific epithet (rhaphiophylla) is derived from Ancient Greek words rhaphís meaning  “a needle” and phyllon meaning "a leaf", referring to the needle like foliage of this species.

Distribution and habitat
This melaleuca occurs in and between the Kalbarri and Albany districts. It grows in sandy or clay soils, sometimes with limestone, near watercourses, in swamps and saltmarshes.

Ecology
Melaleuca rhaphiophylla provides food for a range of native animals and because of its dense crown, habitat for fauna. Waterbirds use this species as it often grows in areas that are flooded during the breeding season, deterring many predators. Its shallow roots reduce erosion along watercourses, stabilise soils and trap sediment. In some areas, this species is suffering from competition with the introduced Typha orientalis which regrows more vigorously after fire.

Conservation
Melaleuca rhaphiophylla is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.

Use in horticulture
This species of melaleuca is a useful shrub for damp locations. It can be used as a screening plant if pruned regularly. Seeds are easily collected from unopened capsules on the plant and grown as tubestock or seeded directly into the soil.

References

rhaphiophylla
Myrtales of Australia
Plants described in 1844
Rosids of Western Australia
Endemic flora of Southwest Australia
Taxa named by Johannes Conrad Schauer


Two Tigers is a popular traditional Mandarin nursery rhyme called "Liang Zhi Lao Hu" in Mandarin.  Variations adopt the tune of the French melody Frère Jacquesor Where is Thumbkin

The tune depicts two high-spirited baby tigers, tussling to the point that they have bitten off select body parts. It is particularly popular amongst parents of toddlers born in the Year of the Tiger.

Lyrics

Traditional Chinese Lyrics

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Simplified Chinese Lyrics

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Translated English Lyrics

 Two small tigers,
 Two small tigers,
 Run so fast,
 Run so fast!
 One seems to have no ears!    (or: One seems to have no eyes!)
 One seems to have no tail!
 That's so strange,
 That's so strange!

 Where's your hand?
 Where's your hand?
 Over here!
 Over here!
 How are you today?
 I'm very good today!
 Goodbye!
 Goodbye!

Alternate English Lyrics
 Little tigers,
 Little tigers,
 Run so fast,
 Run so fast!
 Tell me where you’re going,
 Tell me where you’re going!
 Let me know,
 Let me know!

 Where's your hand?
 Where's your hand?
 Over here!
 Over here!
 How are you today, dear?
 Very well, I thank you!
 Goodbye! Cheers!
 Goodbye! Cheers!

References

Chinese nursery rhymes
Chinese children's songs
Chinese folk songs
Traditional children's songs
Fictional tigers
Fictional duos
Songs about cats
Songs about mammals


Raymond Daniels (22 July 1979 – 26 January 2008) was a Gaelic footballer from County Wicklow. He was goalkeeper for Wicklow's senior football team for several seasons during eight years.

Playing career
Daniels won a Leinster title with the Wicklow Vocational Schools team. He played under-21 football for Wicklow. He was named player of the year in Dunlavin in 1997 and in Blessington in 2003. He made his senior football championship debut against Carlow in May 2006. A groin injury sustained in a National Football League game against Sligo in April 2007 kept Daniels away from football, but he had planned to resume training.

Illness and death
In October 2007, Daniels was admitted to hospital with an infection that caused one of his kidneys to fail. On Tuesday 22 January 2008, Daniels had gotten the all-clear from doctors. He socialised with friends on the following Saturday. He had a suspected heart attack. He was brought to hospital, where he was pronounced dead. He was 28. A minute's silence was observed before Wicklow's GAA games on Sunday 27 January. Former GAA President Jack Boothman, the current President of Blessington GAA, described Daniels as a "gifted footballer and goalkeeper". Former Wicklow manager Hugh Kenny also praised Daniels.

References

1979 births
2008 deaths
Blessington Gaelic footballers
Gaelic football goalkeepers
Wicklow inter-county Gaelic footballers


Girolamo Casanate (historic spelling variations include Casanata and Casanatta) (13 February 1620 in Naples – 3 March 1700 in Rome) was an Italian Cardinal.

Biography
His father, Tommaso Casanatta, was a member of the supreme council of the Kingdom of Naples. Girolamo studied law at the university of his native town and practised in the courts for some time. Eventually he gave up the promises of a secular career and entered the service of the Catholic Church, in deference to the advice of Cardinal Pamphili whom he had met on a visit to Rome. When that cardinal became pope as Innocent X, Casanate was made private chamberlain and soon advanced rapidly in the ecclesiastical career, becoming in turn Governor of Sabina, Fabriano, Ancona, and Camerino. In the last-named city he became a close friend of its bishop, Emilio Altieri, afterwards Pope Clement X. In 1658 Pope Alexander VII sent him as inquisitor to Malta, whence he was shortly recalled to Rome and made prelate of the Consulta and active member of the courts known as the Segnatura di Grazia and the Segnatura di Giustizia.

He was Consultor of the Congregation of Rites and of Propaganda, and governor of the conclave that chose the successor of Alexander VII; under Clement IX he was made assessor of the Holy Office (Congregation of the Inquisition). He was appointed secretary of the Congregation of Bishops and Regulars by Clement X, and 13 June 1673, was named Cardinal-Deacon of the Title of Santa Maria in Porticu, and later (1686) Cardinal-Priest of the Title of San Silvestro in Capite. In 1693 Innocent XII bestowed on him the office of Librarian of the Vatican (Bibliotecario di Santa Romana Chiesa).

He held many offices which required profound knowledge of numerous doctrinal, disciplinary, and political questions brought before the Holy See in the latter half of the seventeenth century. Among them controversies concerning Quietism (Miguel de Molinos, Fénelon, Madame Guyon); the Gallican Liberties including Louis XIV 1673 assertion of the right of Régale and his Four Articles of 1682; and the Chinese Rites controversy between the Jesuits and the Dominicans and other orders.

On his death-bed he was assisted by two Dominicans: Antonin Cloche (the general of the order) and Antoine Massoulié. He was buried in the Basilica of St. John Lateran, though his heart was deposited in Santa Maria sopra Minerva, the church of the Dominicans, to whom he was always warmly attached, and who looked on him as their benefactor.

Immediately after Casanate's death, Cloche commissioned his tomb in the Lateran basilica from Pierre Le Gros the Younger, which was inaugurated in 1703.

Biblioteca Casanatense

Casanate's chief service to learning, especially theology, was the Biblioteca Casanatense, founded and endowed by him. During his life he had collected about 25,000 books which he left to Santa Maria sopra Minerva, together with an endowment of 80,000 scudi for administration and the acquisition of new books.

He also provided funds for a college (theologi casanatenses) of six Dominicans of different nationalities (Italian, French, Spanish, German, English, Polish) and two professors who would regularly lecture on texts by Thomas Aquinas, particularly the Summa Theologica.

To honour his friend, Cloche also had a statue of Casanate made by Le Gros which, in 1708, was placed outside the old entrance to the library but shortly later moved into the enlarged reading room.

College of St. Thomas
To foster the study of Greek, Hebrew and Dogmatic Theology, Casanate also endowed 4 chairs of learning at the College of St. Thomas (the future Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum) which was at the times also attached to Santa Maria sopra Minerva.

References

Attribution
 cites:
Touron, Hommes illustres de l'ordre de saint-Dominique (1743–49), IV, 534 sqq.;

External links
Biblioteca Casanatense - home page

17th-century Italian cardinals
1620 births
1700 deaths
Cardinal-bishops of Sabina
17th-century Neapolitan people
Clergy from Naples
Italian librarians
Inquisitors of Malta


PCM, Inc. was a direct marketing company that offered technology products and services. The company was based in El Segundo, California. The company merged with Insight Enterprises () on August 26, 2019. PCM was founded in 1987 as a direct market catalog via telemarketing, the Internet, direct marketing, print catalogs, and three retail showrooms.

The company had an annual total revenue of US$2.25 billion and had over 40 locations in the United States, Canada, Pakistan and the Philippines. It employed around 3,400 people worldwide as of 2016.

History

As Creative Computers Inc.

The company now known as PCM was founded by two brothers, Sam and Frank Khulusi, in 1987 under the name of “Creative Computers”.  Creative Computers was launched from the founders’ residence in Marina Del Rey, CA.  The company was set up as a mail order catalog company whereby products are advertised through paper flyers/catalogs.  Interested customers called in their orders through the provided toll-free "1-800" phone number. The founders then took the order and placed purchase orders to acquire sold products, bill the customers’ credit card and ship the products to the customers.  At startup, the company's catalog consisted of only Amiga computers made by Commodore International.  The company became the number one mail order reseller of Amiga computers.  In 1993/1994 Commodore went through financial difficulties, which caused it to close its operation in April 1994.

In early 1994, PC Mall obtained authorization to sell Apple computers through its mail order catalog model.  The authorization came at an opportune time as the Commodore operation was soon to close.  With the Apple authorization and the anticipated growth, PC Mall moved its operation from the back of a retail store to a call center with over 100 seats, a  distribution center, and over  of corporate office space.

In first quarter of 1995, the company filed for its initial public offering and went public in April 1995.

In January 2000, Creative Computers change its name to IdeaMall, Inc. The following year, the company changed its name again to PC Mall, Inc.

Growth and acquisitions
In early 1995, the company expanded its catalog to include PC Wintel products as well. To support the growth, the company moved its distribution center to a  facility next to the FedEx hub in Memphis, Tennessee, in the third quarter of 1995. In addition to the millions of catalogs mailed monthly, the company launched its first web sites macmall.com and pcmall.com in 1996.

In 1996–1997, the company acquired Computability, a Milwaukee-based company, and Elek-Tek, a Chicago-based company, both dealing primarily with PC Wintel products.

In 2001, the company acquired Wareforce, a southern California-based company. In 2002, the company acquired Club Mac, another southern California-based operation.

In 2011, the company launched its website onSale.com, which focuses on daily deals and electronic products, via the Internet.

In third quarter 2006, PC Mall Gov, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of PC Mall, Inc., acquired the product business of GMRI, a Virginia-based company. GMRI provides IT consulting and technology solutions for Federal agencies.

Then in the third quarter of 2007, the company acquired SARCOM, which was based in Lewis Center, Ohio, into which Wareforce's operations were subsequently folded. Focusing on enterprise-level businesses, SARCOM offers technology products and services. Abreon Inc, a division of SARCOM that provides consulting and training operation for mid-market and enterprise businesses, continues to operate as Abreon.

In December 2009, the company acquired the assets of Data Systems Worldwide (DSW), a converged networking company, and in June 2010, they acquired NSPI, a managed services company. Both DSW and NSPI's operations are now secured under the SARCOM subsidiary.

Venturing into the realm of social networking for the first time, the company launched its Small Business Network, or SBN, in 2009. SBN is an online meeting place catering to the needs of small businesses and small business owners.

The company started HealthDynamix, based in Manassas, Virginia, in early 2010. This division provides information technologies and services for healthcare and medical industries.

In December 2012, the company changed its corporate name to PCM, Inc. from PC Mall, Inc. in connection with the rebranding, effective January 2, 2013, PCM Common Stock commenced trading on NASDAQ under the ticker PCMI and no longer trades under the prior ticker of MALL.

In December 2012, PCM completed the purchase of 7.9 acres of land towards the construction of a new cloud data center that it opened in late June 2014. The Tier III facility is strategically located in a data center-centric development in New Albany, Ohio. The new facility is said to complement its two existing data centers and a 24/7 Integrated Operations Center (IOC) located in Atlanta, Georgia, enhancing PCM managed service offerings, including cloud services, data center hosting and management, remote monitoring and disaster recovery.

In April 2015, PCM completed its acquisition of IT solutions provider En Pointe Technologies Sales, Inc. based in Gardena, California. The assets were acquired by an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of PCM, which now operates under the En Pointe brand.

In November 2015, PCM acquired the North American business-to-business operations of Systemax, including TigerDirect, for $14 million.

In January 2017, PCM acquired Canadian Microsoft Cloud solutions company Stratiform Inc for C$2.1 million.

In April, 2017, PCM announced its entry into the United Kingdom and Europe through a wholly owned subsidiary, PCM Technology Solutions UK, LTD, (“PCM UK”).

In September 2017, PCM UK acquired Stack Technology Holdings, Ltd (The Stack Group), a leading provider of technologies and services across the UK.

As of August 30, 2019, PCM has been acquired by Insight Enterprises.

Subsidiaries
PCM, Inc. expansion has divided it into several divisions that cater to specific markets and functions.

PCM Sales, Inc.
PCM Sales Inc. is the largest division in the company with almost 1,000 employees. The division provides technology and IT products that mostly cater to small and medium businesses through the company's main website, catalogs, and through the use of social media. This division also offers products, solutions, and services to corporate and enterprise clients.

PCM Services
PCM Services is a division of PCM Inc. that provides computing, data management and other solutions to all PCM business customers.

PCMG, Inc.
PCMG is a direct marketing reseller of IT products and services for the public or federal government and health care clientele in the United States. The subsidiary provides hardware, software, networking tools, peripherals, storage, supply, and other computing solutions for its target market. PCMG also provides computing, management, and IT design for the hospitals, medical clinics, private and public sectors, non-profit organizations, and companies that are engaged in health care.

PCM Sales Canada, Inc.
A division of PCM Inc. based out of Montreal, Canada

Acrodex Incorporated A PCM division handling TigerDirect.ca is based from Richmond Hill, Ontario and IT solutions from Edmonton, Alberta. Acquired by PCM in 2015.
M2 Marketplace Inc.
M2 Marketplace Inc. is a division of PCM under the name MacMall that mainly targets consumers selling Macintosh computers, iPods, iPads, and all other Apple products. The division also caters to home and consumer technology products and services.

PCM Logistics LLC
PCM Logistics supports administrative and fulfillment functions for its parent company, PCM. Based in El Segundo, California, it was founded in 2002 to cater services such as finance and accounting, advertising, information technology, operations, sales, human resources talent acquisition and management, and facilities.

PCM BPO LLC
PCM BPO LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of PCM Inc. located in Manila, Philippines. Established in 2005, the company provides back office support for marketing, customer service, IT operations, accounting, and sales of PCM and its subsidiaries in the United States.

Financial Information
PCM was delisted from NASDAQ and trading was halted at 8 p.m. on August 29, 2019 after PCM merged with Insight Enterprises, Inc. (NASDAQ: NSIT)
As a publicly traded company, PCM, Inc (NASDAQ: PCMI), has publicly available financial statements and reports. In 2013, PCM reported 1.424 billion in sales.

References

External links

Companies based in El Segundo, California
Marketing companies established in 1987
American companies established in 1987
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Direct marketing
2019 mergers and acquisitions


The Catholic diocese of Larino is located in the province of Campobasso, Southern Italy, c. 18 mi. (29 km) south of Termoli. It existed from the 7th century until 1986. In that year it was united into the diocese of Termoli-Larino. It was a suffragan of the archdiocese of Benevento.

History
The repopulated Larino is a mile from the site of the ancient Larinum (Larino Vecchio), destroyed by war and epidemic. The known bishops of Larinum were: Justus (attested 492 to 496), Aprile (his successor, c. 496–501) and Joannes (attested 555–560).

In 493/494, Pope Gelasius I granted Bishop Justus permission to consecrate a basilica in honor of the Archangel Michael, which had been built in his diocese by Priscillianus and Felicissima. They were to be warned, however, that, in donating the basilica to the church and having it consecrated, they surrendered all rights over it.

Among the bishops traditionally claimed were Saint Pardus, named as the first bishop and said to have died in 650. His alleged remains were not brought to Larino until the 9th or 10th century

On 11 November 943, Pope Marinus II granted a privilege to Bishop Joannes of Benevento, which included "whatever your predecessors were seen to possess legally and reasonably by ancient law," including: "Bivinem, Asculum, Larinum, Sipontum et ecclesiam s. Michaelis archangeli in Monte Gargano cum omnibus earum pertinentiis et omnia praedia." In 952, Larino was under the control of the Lombard princes, Landulf II and Pandulf I, who confirmed a number of grants to the monastery of Montecassino, including the church of S. Benedict, inside the walls of Larino, which had been built by the priest and monk Leo, who was afterwards made pseudoepiscopus.

On 26 May 969, Pope John XIII raised Benevento to the rank of archdiocese, granted its bishop Landolfus the title of archbishop with the pallium, and the right to consecrate bishops in his territory: "facultatemque consecrandi episcopos in locis, quibus olim fuerant, scilicet Sancta Agathe, Abellino, Quintodecimo, Ariano, Asculo, Bibinae, Vulturaria, Larino, Thelesia, Alifis."

In 1120 (or 1125), an earthquake struck Larino, causing considerable damage. The monastery of S. Felice was destroyed.

In 1166, Bishop Petrus of Larino held a diocesan synod.

In 1300, another severe earthquake caused great damage to Larino.

Politics and scandal

Perronius was already Bishop of Larino under Pope Martin IV (1281–1285), the former chancellor of Louis IX of France. The pope was a great supporter of his fellow countryman, Charles of Anjou, King Louis' brother, whom the papacy had recognized as King of Sicily. Bishop Perronius was no supporter of the French. He was denounced to Cardinal Gerardo Bianchi, Bishop of Sabina and papal legate in Sicily, for serious faults and gross excesses (ob culpas graves et enormes excessus), and was suspended from office by the legate. Perronius was ordered to present himself at the papal court, which was living in exile in Perugia, and explain his conduct to Martin IV face-to-face. He did so, but without giving satisfaction. He then left the court, without permission, and returned to Larino, where he continued his activities against the heirs of King Charles and the papacy, engaging in sedition and conspiracy. Pope Honorius IV (1285–1287) ordered the archbishop of Benevento, on 4 April 1285, to cite Bishop Perronius to the papal court within thirty days.

in a letter of 6 August 1289, Pope Nicholas IV had given Cardinal Berardus, his legate in Sicily, the mandate of finding a suitable place for Bishop Saba. Saba had been driven out of his own diocese, the see of Mileto. Cardinal Berardus appointed Bishop Saba as administrator of the diocese of Larino, which was regarded as a vacant see, on a temporary basis (usque ad suum beneplacitum). On 13 September 1291, following the death of Cardinal Berardus, Pope Nicholas IV renewed the appointment.

Bishop Joannes of Milevito was appointed administrator of Larino by Cardinal Landolfo Brancaccio, Cardinal Deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria. After his death, Pope Boniface VIII granted the administratorship of the diocese of Larino to Archbishop Joannes d'Alatri of Benevento, on 8 May 1299. Archbishop Joannes was transferred to the diocese of Capua on 2 January 1301. His successor, Adenulf, was also named apostolic administrator of Larino.

On 11 April 1301, however, Pope Boniface decided to appoint the rehabilitated bishop of Fiesole, Angelo, his apostolic administrator of Larino, pastore vacantis. The appointment was temporary, usque ad beneplacitum Sedis Apostolice. Bishop Angelo was transferred to the diocese of Methone (Mothon, Modon) on 2 November 1303.

On 22 February (or 8 March) 1304, Pope Benedict XI appointed Pasquale, one time bishop of Cassano, apostolic administrator of the diocese of Larino, on a temporary basis (usque ad Apostolicae Sedis beneplacitum).

Bishop Perronius of Larino finally died in the first half of 1309, after a suspension lasting a quarter-century. The cathedral Chapter of Larino proceeded to conduct an election of his successor, under the leadership of the Archpriest Garinus. They chose to proceed by the way of compromise, and appointed a committee composed of Archpriest Garinus and the canons Hugo Roberti, and Luca Magni Petri. They chose Bishop Pasquale, who was serving as the apostolic administrator. and sent procurators to the papal court, with a postulatio in his favor. Pope Clement V appointed a committee of three cardinals to examine the proceedings. On 15 July 1309, the pope signed documents approving the selection of Bishop Pasquale as bishop of Larino.

Population and earthquakes
On 5 December 1456, a very strong earthquake devastated the entire northern part of the kingdom of Naples. Larino was completely ruined, and 1,313 persons died.

The city of Larino had a population of c. 200 persons in 1686. On 5 June 1688, the Sannio earthquake, centered on Benevento, caused widespread damage. Guadalfiera was destroyed.

By 1742, it is estimated that the population of the city had reached c. 2,300.

Synods
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.

Bishop Belisario Balduino (1555–1591) presided over a diocesan synod on 26 March 1556; and a second on 28 May 1565. Bishop Gerolamo Vela (1591–1611) held two diocesan synods, one on 12 January 1594, and the other on 26 May 1606. On 27 May 1614, Bishop Giovanni Tommaso Eustachio (1612–1616) presided over a diocesan synod. Bishop Gregorio Pomodoro (1616–1626) held a diocesan synod in Larino on 5 June 1620. Diocesan synods were held by Bishop Persio Caracci (1631–1656) on 7 April 1633, 22 March 1637, 4 May 1642, 12 May 1647, 2 May 1649, 11 April 1653, and 11 April 1655. Bishop Giuseppe Catalini (1686–1703) held a diocesan synod in Larino in 1690).

Bishop Pianetti held a diocesan synod in 1711. Bishop Giovanni Andrea Tria (1726–1741) held a diocesan synod on 11–13 April 1728. In December 1785, Bishop Carlo d'Ambrosio (1775–1796) held a diocesan synod.

Bishop Raffaele Lupoli (1818–1827) held a diocesan synod on 24–26 April 1826. Bishop Pietro Bottazzi (1845–1858) presided over a diocesan synod from 15 to 17 April 1855.

On 14–15 October 1940, Bishop Oddo Bernacchia (1924–1960) held a diocesan synod.

New ecclesiastical province

Following the Second Vatican Council, and in accordance with the norms laid out in the council's decree, Christus Dominus chapter 40, Pope Paul VI ordered a reorganization of the ecclesiastical provinces in southern Italy. On 21 August 1976, he issued the decree "Ad apicem", creating the new ecclesiastical province entitled «Boianensis-Campobassensis», with its administrative center in Campobasso. The metropolitan archdiocese was assigned as suffragans the dioceses of Trivento (which had been immediately subject to the Holy See), Isernia e Venafro (which had been subject to the metropolitan archdiocese of Capua), and Termoli e Larino (which had been subject to the metropolitan archdiocese of Benevento.

Unification of dioceses of Termoli and Larino
On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat. Based on the revisions, a set of Normae was issued on 15 November 1984, which was accompanied in the next year, on 3 June 1985, by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. The Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese.

On 30 September 1986, Pope John Paul II ordered that the dioceses of Termoli and Larino be merged into full union as one diocese with one bishop, with the Latin title Dioecesis Thermularum-Larinensis. The seat of the diocese was to be in Termoli, and the cathedral of Termoli was to serve as the cathedral of the merged diocese. The cathedral in Larino was to become a co-cathedral, and its cathedral Chapter was to be a Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one diocesan Tribunal, in Termoli, and likewise one seminary, one College of Consultors, and one Priests' Council. The territory of the new diocese was to include the territory of the suppressed diocese of Larino.

In 1978, just before its suppression, the diocese of Larino claimed c. 53,400 Catholics, and 36 diocesan priests.

Bishops

to 1500

...
Azo (attested 960)
...
Joannes (attested 1061–1062)
Guilelmus (attested 1070–1089)
Rogerius (c. 1089)
...
Joannes (attested 1100)
...
Teodaldus (before 1166)
Petrus (attested 1166–1182)
...
Rainaldus (attested 1205)
Matthaeus (attested c. 1218)
Robertus (attested 1226–1227)
Stephanus (attested 1240)
Gualterius de Gualtieri (c. 1250–1254)
Bartolommeo de Benevento, O.P. (1254–1264)
? Farulfus (c. 1267)
 Perronus (Perronius) (c. 1282–1309)
Pasquale (1309– ? )
Rao de Comestabulo (attested 1318)
Joannes Andrea (attested 1338)
Delfinus ( ? –1344)
Andrea della Valleregia, O.Min. (1344–1365)
Bertrand, O.P. (1365–1370)
Sabinus (1370–1401)
Petrus (1401–1410) Roman Obedience
Rainaldus de Balinolo (1413–1418?)
Joannes (attested 1418)
Domenico de'Fontani (attested 1418)
Filippo (attested 1427)
Aurone (attested 1436)
Joannes Leonis, O.P. (1440–1463)
Antonio Giacobozzi de Misseri (1463– )

1500 to 1800

Giacomo de' Petrucci, O.F.M. Obs. (1503–c. 1523?)
Gian Francesco Cini
Domenico Cini (1528–1530)
Giacomo Sedati (1530–1535)
Fernando de Mudarra (1535–1551)
Gian Francesco Borengo (1551–1555 Resigned)
Belisario Balduino (1555–1591)
Gerolamo Vela (1591–1611)
Giovanni Tommaso Eustachio, C.O. (9 Jan 1612–1616 Resigned)
Gregorio Pomodoro (1616–1626 Died)
Pietro Paolo Caputo (1628)
Sede vacante (1628 –1631)
Persio Caracci (1631–1656 Resigned)
Ferdinando Apicello (1656–1682 Died)
Giambattista Quaranta (1683–1685 Died)
Giuseppe Catalini (1686–1703 Died)
Gregorio Compagni, O.P. (1703–1705 Died)
Carlo Maria Pianetti (1706–1725 Died)
Paolo Collia, O.M. (1725–1726)
Giovanni Andrea Tria (1726–1741 Resigned)
Giovanni Andrea Tria, (iuniore) (II) (1742–1747 Died)
Scipione de' Lorenzi (1747–1772 Died)
Giovanni Antonio Francisco de Nobili, Sch. P. (1772–1774 Died)
Carlo d'Ambrosio (1775–1796 Died)

1800 to 1986
Filippo Bandini (1798–1806?)
Sede vacante (1806?–1818)
Raffaele Lupoli, C.SS.R. (1818–1827)
Vincenzo Rocca (1829–1845 Died)
Pietro Bottazzi (1845–1858)
Francesco Giampaolo (1859–1888 Resigned)
Vito Antonio Fioni (1888–1891 Resigned)
Bernardino di Milia, O.F.M. Cap. (1891–1910 Died)
Emidio Trenta (1910–1914 Appointed, Bishop of Viterbo e Tuscania)
Antonio Lippolis (1915–1923 Appointed, Bishop of Ugento)
Oddo Bernacchia (1924–1960 Retired)
Costanzo Micci (1960–1966 Appointed, Apostolic Administrator of Fano)
Pietro Santoro (1970–1979 Appointed, Archbishop of Boiano-Campobasso)
Cosmo Francesco Ruppi (1980–1986 Appointed, Bishop of Termoli-Larino)

Notes and references

Books

Reference works

 pp. 932-933.

Studies

 [article by Ottavio Sozio]
A. De Francesco, A. (1909), "Origini e sviluppo del feudalismo nel Molise fino alia caduta della dominazione normanna: La contea longobarda di Larino,"  in: Archivio storico per le province napoletane, Volume 34 (1909) 656-671.
Kehr, Paulus Fridolin (1962). Italia pontificia. Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Vol. IX: Samnia – Apulia – Lucania .  Berlin: Weidmann. . pp. 173-177.
Klewitz, Hans-Walter (1933), Zur geschichte der bistums organization Campaniens und Apuliens im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert, , in: Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken, XXIV (1932-33), pp. 48-49.
Lanzoni, Francesco (1927). Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604). Faenza: F. Lega.
Magliano, Alberto (1895). Larino: considerazioni storiche sulla città di Larino Volume 1. Campobasso: Colitti 1895.
Tria, Giovanni Andrea (1744). Memorie storiche civili ed ecclesiastiche della città e diocesi di Larino, metropoli degli antichi Frentani. . Romae: G. Zempel, 1744. [Gams, p. 889, remarks, "invenies series ep(iscoporum) minus accuratam."]

Larino


Hisao Shinagawa (born 1946) is a Japanese-born songwriter and performer who lives in Los Angeles, California. He is probably best known in his adopted home country for the satirical song "More Money, More War", which became an underground hit after the video aired on "Weird Al" Yankovic's Al TV on MTV in 1984.

Director Masahiro Sugano's 1997 short film HISAO documented Shinagawa's daily life.  The short was nominated for several awards, including a Student Academy Award and IFC2000.

In 2008, Pathfinder Pictures officially released I Want to Destroy America, Peter I. Chang's full-length documentary about Shinagawa's life. The film was initially known as Life in G-Chord and was shown at several film festivals, including the Atlanta Underground Film Festival.

References

External links
Hisao at myspace
I Want to Destroy America, AKA Life in G-Chord
Masahiro Sugano's HISAO

1946 births
Living people
Japanese male singer-songwriters
Japanese singer-songwriters
Japanese expatriates in the United States


Lord Somers Camp, or "Big Camp", is an annual week-long camp for boys and girls held in Somers, Victoria, Australia.

Founded in Anglesea, Victoria, in 1929 by The 6th Baron Somers, the then Governor of Victoria, the camp has been running continuously since 1929, excluding the Second World War years of 1941-1946 when the site was occupied by the RAAF. The 2021 camps have both been postponed due to COVID-19.

There are two camps, one for young men and one for young women, typically taking place in the 2nd and 3rd week of January each year.

History
The original camp was set up in 1929 by the then Governor of Victoria, Lord Somers. Somers aimed to duplicate the success of the hugely popular Duke of York Camps which were held in the United Kingdom. The first and second camps were held at Anglesea, Victoria, with the assistance of the Anglesea Scouts. The camp moved then relocated to a purpose-built site, designed by Stephenson and Meldrum in Somers in 1931. Only two of the original buildings still stand today, including the Executive Hut (staff quarters) and the Mess Hut (dining hall).

Power House
In order to provide a meeting and social outlet for the camp's participants, a clubhouse located at Albert Park Lake in Melbourne was built in 1932. Called "Power House", the activities expanded into sporting clubs, including rowing, rugby, athletics, hockey, and Australian rules football. Whilst the clubs were originally set up solely for the use of Lord Somers Camp members, gradually the clubs forged their own identity and separated into their own legal entities due to public liability insurances issues in the 1980s. Today, they operate completely independently.

Today
The camps are operated and staffed completely by volunteers who even have to pay for privilege and give up a week of their holidays. The exact program has been adjusted in line with community expectations and social changes over the years.

In 1986, a female equivalent of the Camp, Lady Somers Camp commenced  and has arguably been more successful. It typically follows the boys' camp in January each year.

Other programs followed, including Diversity (for the intellectuality and physically challenged), VSK (Very Special Kids), and more recently Mirabel. Again, all managed and operated by LSC&PH volunteers.

The township of East Balnarring was renamed Somers, Victoria after the camp.

External links
 Lord Somers Camp & Power House website
 Lord Somers Camp Commercial Hire
 Big Camp

References

Summer camps
1929 establishments in Australia
Youth organisations based in Australia


Northern Ekaterininsky Canal (, Severo-Yekaterininsky Kanal), or Catherine's Canal is an abandoned canal in the Komi Republic and Perm Krai in northern Russia, connecting the basin of the Northern Dvina with that of the  Kama, a tributary of the Volga.

History
The construction of the canal, named after Empress Catherine II, was started in 1785 and completed in 1822.  Sixteen verst and 322 sazhen (around 18 km) long, it connected the North Keltma River (), a tributary of the Vychegda (which in its turn flows into the Northern Dvina), with the Dzhurich River, which flows into the South Keltma River (), a tributary of the Kama.  The canal was usable by boats up to 6,000-8,000 pood (100-130 metric tons), but was officially abandoned in 1838, just 16 years after its opening, due to little use.
It was still occasionally used by the local Komi Zyryan merchants during the spring and fall high-water seasons until the early 20th century.

Present state
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The disused canal, described by the Perm Krai Encyclopedia as "a small ditch with fallen banks" (небольшой ров с обвалившимися берегами) still exists.  In 2007, members of the Perm Geography Club traveled along the canal in row boats, using chainsaws and axes to clear the logs and tree branches blocking the way. They have filed an application with the appropriate authorities to have the canal listed as a National Historic Site.

A village near the northern (Komi) end of the canal is still called Kanava, which means 'ditch' in Russian. Since 1828, the Northern Dvina is also connected with the Volga basin by a navigable route elsewhere, known as the Northern Dvina Canal.

References

Canals in Russia
Buildings and structures in the Komi Republic
Transport in Perm Krai
Canals opened in 1822
1822 establishments in the Russian Empire
Transport in the Komi Republic
Objects of cultural heritage of Russia of federal significance
Cultural heritage monuments in the Komi Republic


WSKI (1240 AM, "Rock 93.3 & 103.3") is a radio station licensed to serve Montpelier, Vermont, United States. It is owned by Galloway Communications, Inc., a subsidiary of Bedford, New Hampshire-based Northeast Broadcasting. It airs a mainstream rock format and is simulcasting WWMP 103.3 FM Waterbury.

The station was assigned the WSKI call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.

Previous sports programming
While it previously aired the sports radio format and most of its programming from CBS Sports Radio, WSKI also aired local sports play-by-play, including being the official radio home for the Vermont Mountaineers of the NECBL.

Late night programming included Speed Freaks, The Video Game Review, and Sports Overnight America.

WSKI's longest continual running program is The Classic Country Jamboree, which has aired every Saturday since 1996. The show is hosted by former WSKI radio host Dick Sicely who was with the station from the 1960s to the 1980s. The station has had a number of announcers still found in area markets. The longest serving announcer, the late Bob Bannon, was with the station from the late 1940s and into the 1990s.

History
WSKI began broadcasting on December 7, 1947, on 1240 kHz with 250 watts of power. The station was owned by Carl R. Taylor and B.M. Jacobsen.

On April 22, 2020, WSKI changed their format from sports to a simulcast of mainstream rock-formatted WWMP 103.3 FM Waterbury.

Previous logo
  (WSKI's logo under former ESPN Radio affiliation)

References

External links
WSKI sports director's blog
FCC History Cards for WSKI

SKI
Radio stations established in 1947
1947 establishments in Vermont
Mainstream rock radio stations in the United States


Léon Johnson (29 February 1876 – 2 January 1943) was a French sport shooter who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics, the 1912 Summer Olympics and at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

1908 London

In 1908 he was a member of the French team which won the bronze medal in the team free rifle competition.

In the 1908 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

 300 metre free rifle - eighth place
 moving target small-bore rifle - tenth place
 disappearing target small-bore rifle - 21st place

1912 Stockholm

Four years later he participated in the following events:

 Team 50 metre small-bore rifle - fourth place
 Team free rifle - fourth place
 Team military rifle - fifth place
 50 metre pistol - tenth place
 25 metre small-bore rifle - 19th place
 300 metre free rifle, three positions - 24th place

1920 Antwerp

In 1920 he won silver medals in the 300 metre military rifle, prone event and as member of the French team in the team 300 metre military rifle, prone competition.

In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

 Team 300 and 600 metre military rifle, prone - fourth place
 Team 30 metre military pistol - fifth place
 Team 50 metre small-bore rifle - fifth place
 Team 300 metre military rifle, standing - fifth place
 Team 600 metre military rifle, prone - fifth place
 Team 50 metre free pistol - sixth place
 50 metre small-bore rifle - result unknown
 300 metre military rifle, standing - result unknown

References

External links
Léon Johnson's profile at databaseOlympics

1876 births
1943 deaths
French male sport shooters
ISSF rifle shooters
ISSF pistol shooters
Olympic shooters for France
Shooters at the 1908 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for France
Olympic bronze medalists for France
Olympic medalists in shooting
Sportspeople from Nice
Medalists at the 1908 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics


Nalliah Kumaraguruparan (; ) is a Sri Lankan Tamil accountant, politician and former provincial councillor. He is leader of the Democratic National Front.

Career
Kumaraguruparan was one of the All Ceylon Tamil Congress's (ACTC) candidates in Jaffna District at the 1989 parliamentary election but the ACTC failed to win any seats in Parliament. He contested the 1994 parliamentary election as part of an independent group in Colombo District but the group failed to win any seats in Parliament.

Kumaraguruparan was elected general-secretary of the ACTC in January 2000. He was later senior deputy president of the party.

Kumaraguruparan joined the Western People's Front (WPF) in May 2004. He contested the 2004 provincial election as one of the WPF's candidates in Colombo District but failed to get elected after coming third amongst the WPF candidates. He contested the 2006 local government election as a WPF candidate and was elected to Colombo Municipal Council. Kumaraguruparan served as general-secretary of the WPF.

Kumaraguruparan contested the 2009 provincial council election as one of the United National Front's (UNF) candidates in Colombo District and was elected to the Western Provincial Council. He contested the 2010 parliamentary election as one of the UNF's candidates in Colombo District but failed to get elected after coming tenth amongst the UNF candidates. He contested the 2014 provincial election as one of the Democratic People's Front's (DPF) candidates in Colombo District but failed to get re-elected. Shortly afterwards Kumaraguruparan fell out with the DPF leadership and was expelled from the party.

Kumaraguruparan then founded a party called Democratic National Front. He contested the 2015 parliamentary election as one of the United People's Freedom Alliance's (UPFA) candidates in Colombo District but failed to get elected after coming 19th amongst the UPFA candidates.

Electoral history

References

All Ceylon Tamil Congress politicians
Colombo municipal councillors
Democratic People's Front politicians
Living people
Members of the Western Provincial Council
People from Jaffna
Sri Lankan Hindus
Sri Lankan Tamil accountants
Tamil politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
Year of birth missing (living people)


The discography of American indie rock band Sebadoh includes nine studio albums, three compilation albums, 10 extended plays (including two split 7-inches), and 13 singles.

Albums

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Extended plays

As sole artist

Collaborations

Singles

References

Sebadoh
Discographies of American artists
Rock music group discographies


The Diocese of Termoli-Larino () is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church situated in the province of Campobasso, region of Molise. The commune of Termoli is an important regional seaport. The diocese has existed in its current configuration since 1986, when the diocese of Larino was suppressed and added to its territory. It is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Campobasso-Boiano.

History
In 946, Pope Agapitus II (946–955) personally consecrated two bishops, the priest and monk Leo for the diocese of Trivento, and the priest Benedict for the diocese of Termoli. This produced an immediate protest from Archbishop Joannes of Benevento, who, as metropolitan, enjoyed the privilege of consecrated suffragan bishops in his ecclesiastical province. Agapitus admitted that he had done this in ignorance and contrary to the rules (irrationabiliter a sese episcopis consecratis et ipsum ordinem rei nesciente), and he ordered the clergy and laity of the two dioceses not to receive Leo and Benedict as their rightful bishops.

According to Ferdinando Ughelli, whose information is repeated by nearly all authorities, the earliest known bishop of Termoli was Scio, who subscribed a bull of Pope John XIII in 969, establishing the ecclesiastical province of Benevento. The actual text of the bull, however, does not name Scio's diocese. The diocese was a suffragan (subordinate) of the archdiocese of Benevento.

The earthquake of 11 October 1125 caused considerable damage in Termoli.<ref>M. Baratta, I terremoti d'Italia (Torino: Bocca 1901), pp. 25, 802: "fu pure danneggiata la facciata della cattedrale di Termoli." "Termoli fu gravemente danneggiato dal parossismo del 1125 per il quale Larino non rimase incolume."</ref>

In May 1219, the Emperor Frederick II gave orders that Termoli should be fortified with five fortresses (casalitia). In 1242, the Venetians, who had long been urged to come to the support of the Papal States in the struggle with Frederick II, finally opened a campaign in Apulia by attacking Termoli. The city was ruined. Frederick immediately had the castrum of Termoli rebuilt. In the autumn of 1297, Frederick wrote to the justiciar of the Capitinata, appointing Hugo de Abbemara castellan of the castrum of Termoli, and assigning him sufficient soldiers and a port officer.

In 1620, a serious earthquake caused heavy damage to the façade of the cathedral of Termoli.  In 1677, the population of Termoli was c. 300 persons. In 1753, it was estimated at 1,000 persons. In the census of 1861, the population had risen to 2626.

The cathedral in Termoli is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and S. Bassus, whose body is buried in the church. It is administered by a corporation called the Chapter, consisting of twelve canons, including three dignities (the Archdeacon, the Archpriest, and the Primicerius). The cathedral is also a parish church, and the spiritual needs of the parishioners are serviced by the Archpriest.

After the French
Following the extinction of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, the Congress of Vienna authorized the restoration of the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples. Since the French occupation had seen the abolition of many Church institutions in the Kingdom, as well as the confiscation of much Church property and resources, it was imperative that Pope Pius VII and King Ferdinand IV reach agreement on restoration and restitution. Ferdinand demanded the suppression of fifty dioceses.

A concordat was finally signed on 16 February 1818, and ratified by Pius VII on 25 February 1818. Ferdinand issued the concordat as a law on 21 March 1818. On 27 June 1818, Pius VII issued the bull De Ulteriore, in which the ecclesiastical province of Benevento was restored, including it suffragans, among them the diocese of Termoli. The decision was also made to suppress permanently the diocese of Guardialfiera, and to incorporate its territory into the diocese of Termoli.

New ecclesiastical province

Following the Second Vatican Council, and in accordance with the norms laid out in the council's decree, Christus Dominus chapter 40, Pope Paul VI ordered a reorganization of the ecclesiastical provinces in southern Italy. On 21 August 1976, he issued the decree "Ad apicem", creating the new ecclesiastical province entitled «Boianensis-Campobassensis», with its administrative center in Campobasso. The metropolitan archdiocese was assigned as suffragans the dioceses of Trivento (which had been immediately subject to the Holy See), Isernia-Venafro (which had been subject to the metropolitan archdiocese of Capua), and Termoli-Larino (which had been subject to the metropolitan archdiocese of Benevento.

Bishops

Diocese of TermoliErected: 10th CenturyLatin Name: Thermularumto 1500

...
Nicolaus (attested 1071–1075)
...
Jocelinus (1095)
...
Ursus (attested 1126)
...
Goffridus (attested 1179)
...
Alferius (attested 1196)
...
Angelus (attested 1226)
Stephanus (attested 1235)
Valentinus (attested 1254)
Joannes (attested 1265)
...
Bartholomaeus Aldomarisso (attested 1304)
Joannes (attested 1318)
Bartolommeo (d. 1352)
Lucas (1353 – 1364)
Francesco della Stella (1364 – 1372)
Jacobus da S. Andrea, O.P. (1372 – 1379?)
Giovanni da San Gemino (1379 – ? ) Avignon ObedienceDomenico del Girarda, O.Serv. (c. 1379 ? – c. 1387) Roman ObedienceAndreas (1388 – 1390) Roman ObedienceConstantinus (1390 – 1395) Roman ObediencePetrus (1395 – c. 1400) Roman ObedienceThomas
Antonio (1402 – 1403)
Stephanus da Cività Castellana. O.Min. (1403 – 1406) Roman ObediencePaolo (1406 – 1422)
Antonio da Termoli, O.E.S.A. (1422 – 1455)
Tuccio (1455 – 1465)
Leonardo (1465 – 1472)
Giacomo (1473 – 1496)

1500 to 1650

Giovanni de' Vecchi (9 Jan 1497 – 1509 Died)
Angelo Antonio Guiliani (13 Jul 1509 – 1517 Died)
Sancio de Ayerbe (20 Apr 1517 – 1518 Resigned)
Antonio Attilio (5 May 1518 – 1536 Died)
Pietro Durante (23 Oct 1536 – 1539 Died)
Vincenzo Durante (14 Jul 1539 – 1565 Resigned)
Marcello Dentice (17 Aug 1565 – 1569 Died)
Cesare Ferrante (1 Apr 1569 – 1593 Died)
Annibale Muzi (1594)
Francesco Scotti (12 Dec 1594 – 1599 Died)
Alberto Drago, O.P. (1599 – 1601)
Federico Mezio (14 Jan 1602 – 1612 Died)
Camillo Mori (3 Dec 1612 – 1626)
Hector de Monte (1626)
Gerolamo Cappello, O.F.M. Conv. (1626 – 1643 Died)
Alessandro Crescenzi, C.R.S. (1643 – 1644)
Cherubino Manzoni, O.F.M.Conv.Ref. (1644 – 1651)

1650 to 1800

Antonio Leoncilli (1651 – 1653?)
Carlo Manelli (1653 – 1661 Resigned)
Fabrizio Maracchi (13 Feb 1662 – Aug 1676)
Antonio Savo de' Panicoli (20 Dec 1677 – Nov 1687)
Marcus Antonius Rossi (14 Jun 1688 – 27 Jun 1688)
Michele Petirro (6 Jun 1689 – 1705)
Domenico Catalani (22 Feb 1706 – Oct 1709)
Tommaso Maria Farina, O.P. (14 Mar 1718 – Dec 1718)
Salvatore di Aloisio (15 May 1719 – Aug 1729)
Giuseppe Antonio Silvestri (28 Nov 1729 – May 1743)
Isidoro Pitellia, O.M. (15 Jul 1743 – 22 Sep 1752)
Tommaso Giannelli (12 Mar 1753 – Nov 1768)
Giuseppe Bucarelli (12 Jun 1769 – Apr 1780)
Anselmo Maria Toppi, O.S.B. (1792 – 1800)

1800 to 1988Sede vacante (1800-1819)
Giovanni Battista Bolognese (1819 – 1822)
Pietro Consiglio (3 Mar 1824 – 1826)
Gennaro de Rubertis (1827 – 1845)
Domenico Ventura (21 Dec 1846 Confirmed – 1849)
Vincenzo Bisceglia (5 Sep 1851 Confirmed – 12 Feb 1889)
Raffaele di Nonno, C.SS.R. (12 Feb 1889 Succeeded – 16 Jan 1893 Appointed Archbishop of Acerenza e Matera)
Angelo Balzano (16 Jan 1893 – 29 Apr 1909 Resigned)
Giovanni Capitoli (29 Apr 1909 – 14 Feb 1911 Appointed Bishop of Bagnoregio)
Rocco Caliandro (28 Mar 1912 – 14 Mar 1924 Died)
Oddo Bernacchia (28 Oct 1924 – 19 Mar 1962 Retired)
Giovanni Proni (18 Apr 1962 – 10 Mar 1970 Appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Forlì)
Pietro Santoro (12 Jun 1970 – 15 Oct 1979 Appointed Archbishop of Boiano-Campobasso)
Cosmo Francesco Ruppi (13 May 1980 – 7 Dec 1988 Appointed Archbishop of Lecce)

Diocese of Termoli-Larino30 September 1986 United with Diocese of LarinoLatin Name: Thermularum-LarinensisDomenico Umberto D'Ambrosio (14 Dec 1989 – 27 May 1999 Appointed, Archbishop of Foggia-Bovino)
Tommaso Valentinetti (25 Mar 2000 – 4 Nov 2005 Appointed, Archbishop of Pescara-Penne)
Gianfranco De Luca (22 Apr 2006 –)

See also
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campobasso-Boiano
Roman Catholic Diocese of Guardialfiera (suppressed 1818)
List of Catholic dioceses in Italy

References

Books
Reference works

 pp. 932–933.

Studies

 [article by Gennaro De Rubertis]
Kehr, Paulus Fridolin (1962). Italia pontificia. Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Vol. IX: Samnia – Apulia – Lucania .  Berlin: Weidmann. . pp. 187–190.
Klewitz, Hans-Walter (1933), Zur geschichte der bistums organization Campaniens und Apuliens im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert, , in: Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken'', XXIV (1932–33), p. 51.
 Masciotta, Giambattista (1914). Il Molise dalle origini ai nostri giorni. Vol. I - La provincia di Molise . Napoli: Luigi Pierro 1914. (pp. 239 ff.)

External links
 Official page
 A Virtual Tour of Larino's Cathedral

Termoli
1986 establishments in Italy


The Petit Pont (Little Bridge) is an arch bridge crossing the River Seine in Paris, built in 1853, although a structure has crossed the river at this point since antiquity. The present bridge is a single stone arch linking the 4th arrondissement and the Île de la Cité, with the 5th arrondissement, between quai de Montebello and quai Saint-Michel. The Petit Pont is notable for having been destroyed at least thirteen times since its original inception during Gallo-Roman times to the mid-19th century.

History

A bridge linking the Île de la Cité with the southern bank of the Seine has existed on this spot since early history. In the Roman predecessor to Paris, Lutetia Parisiorum, a bridge was built to utilize the convenient ford of the Seine, today's Île de la Cité.  Often a victim of floods, the structure has been repeatedly rebuilt.  The first known flood destroying this bridge was in 885 AD. The bridge subsequently was carried away by successive floods at least thirteen times between 885 and 1658, and at least eleven times before it was built in stone.  In 1175, following yet another flood, the bishop of Paris Maurice de Sully gave his support for a new reconstruction, this time in stone. Further, after a flood destroyed the structure again in 1393, the construction of another stone bridge on the site was funded by a tax of 9,500 livres on the Jews living in Paris.

The bridge rebuilt under the reign of Charles VI consisted of three arches and lasted from 1398 until 1408, when it was swept away by the river and had to be re-established beginning in 1409. However, funds were difficult to attain and the bridge was not finished until 1416.  Upon completion, houses were constructed atop the bridge, many erected later by the Italian architect Fra (friar) Giovanni Giocondo, who also worked on the Pont Notre-Dame, while in the service of the king of France between 1496 and 1499. Again, the overflowing river caused the bridge to collapse in 1649, 1651, 1658, and 1659. The 1659 reincarnation contained an inscription detailing the high cost the bridge's frequent destructions had caused the city.

In 1718, two boats loaded with hay attempted to pass beneath the Petit Pont. At that time, the structure was a solid stone structure but the stone arches rested on large wooden piles. On an April night, a woman who had lost her child to drowning in the Seine that morning went out in a boat in search of the body. To light the area, she used a wooden taper, burning at one end.  Her boat collided with a barge laden with hay, the hay caught on fire, and the boat floated into the Petit Pont, burning it down. It was replaced by another in 1719, with no houses on it.

Designed by the architect Alexandre Michal, and built by Ernest Gariel, the present Petit Pont was begun in 1852 to provide more adequate clearance between the water and the bridge. Thus, the three arches were reduced to one. This new bridge was opened to traffic in 1853.

Location

The Petit Pont is centrally located in Paris' 4th and 5th arrondissements, connecting the Île de la Cité, one of the two natural islands on the Seine within the city limits, to the Rive Gauche () It is near the Saint-Michel station on the Paris Metro.

References

External links

  Mairie de Paris site
  Structurae

Bridges over the River Seine in Paris
Bridges completed in 1853
Buildings and structures in the 4th arrondissement of Paris
Buildings and structures in the 5th arrondissement of Paris


The following is a list of stadiums in Bangkok, Thailand. They are ordered by their seating capacity, that is the maximum number of spectators that the stadium can accommodate in seated areas. The list includes stadiums in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region including the provinces of Nakhon Pathom, Pathum Thani, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, and Samut Sakhon.

Bangkok is home to a number of stadiums and sport clubs. The largest stadia are typically for football clubs however there are also a number of venues for other sports which have been constructed for events such as the 1998 Asian Games and 2012 FIFA Futsal World Cup.

# In the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, not the city proper

See also
 List of football stadiums in Thailand

References

Bangkok
Sport venues in Bangkok


Carreira (officially, San Paio de Carreira) is one of the nine parishes (along with Aguiño, Artes, Castiñeiras, Corrubedo, Oleiros, Olveira, Palmeira, and Ribeira) of the municipality of Santa Uxía de Ribeira, Galicia, Spain.

The parish includes the settlements of Agro da Cuña, A Aldea Vella, As Bouzas, Os Buxos, Campos de Abaixo, Campos de Arriba, A Capela, Carreiriña, As Cartas, Casalnovo, Castro, Covelo, O Cruce, A Estrada, A Fieiteira, A Filgueira, Frións, A Graña, A Granxa, Laxes, Liboi, A Mámoa, Montevixán, O Outeiro, Parte ó Río, Pé do Corniño, As Pedriñas, A Pedrosa, O Quinteiro, A Revolta, O Rueiro, Sabartán, Sampaio, Sobreira, O Vilar, and Vixán.

Images of the Parish of Carreira

External links

Official home page
Municipality of Ribeira Official webpage

Province of A Coruña


Robert E. Jordon (born 1938) is Dermatologist who retired in January 2016 as a Professor in the Department of Dermatology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and MD Anderson Cancer Center.  He was previously a resident and faculty member of Mayo Clinic before he was recruited to be the Chair of Dermatology at Medical College of Wisconsin.  He served as the Chair of the Department of Dermatology at UTHSC from 1982 to 2002, and was succeeded by Ronald P. Rapini.  While he was a medical student at the University of Buffalo, he and E. H. Beutner discovered that pemphigus is an autoimmune disease; a finding they subsequently published in 1964. Jordon and Beutner were awarded the Dermatology Foundation's 2000 Discovery Award. He won many other awards over his career, including having his JAMA publication about pemphigus antibody cited by JAMA as one of its top 100 papers of all time. [JAMA 1987;257:52-59]

His clinical practice focused on treating patients with difficult autoimmune skin diseases and blistering diseases such as pemphigus and pemphigoid. Dr Jordon was a master at bringing out the best in faculty and trainees, allowing them to succeed, by mentoring by example rather than telling faculty and residents exactly in detail what they must do.

References

External links
University of Texas Medical School at Houston - Department of Dermatology - Robert E. Jordan
MD Anderson Cancer Center - Department of Dermatology - Robert E. Jordan

Living people
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston faculty
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center faculty
1938 births


WRSA (1420  kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to the City of St. Albans, Vermont. It is owned by Steven Silberberg's Northeast Broadcasting Company, through licensee Radio Broadcasting Services, Incorporated. It airs a hot adult contemporary format, simulcasting sister station WIXM. There is an unrelated WRSA-FM/96.9 in Huntsville, Alabama.

WRSA's transmitter is off Lower Newton Road (Route 38) in the Town of St. Albans. It broadcasts at 1,000 watts by day, but to protect other stations on AM 1420, it reduces power at night to 107 watts. A non-directional antenna is used at all times. WRSA had a construction permit from the Federal Communications Commission to build a 145-watt FM translator station, 100.3 MHz W262DH in St. Albans.

History
WRSA is Vermont's fourth oldest radio station, and the first north of Burlington. On June 19, 1941, the station first signed on as WWSR at 1390 kilocycles. With the enactment of the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA), the station moved to AM 1420 the following year. WWSR was owned by the Radio Vermont Company and broadcast at 1,000 watts. It was a daytimer, required to be off the air at night.

In April 1970, it added an FM station, 102.3 WWSR-FM. At first it simulcast the AM station but it later began airing an automated adult contemporary format known as "Hit Parade." Today it is Hot AC WIXM, also owned by Radio Broadcasting Services, Inc.

In the 1990s, WWSR was authorized by the FCC to broadcast at night, but only at 110 watts. The station was assigned the WRSA call sign by the Federal Communications Commission on April 23, 2002.

WRSA switched affiliations from ESPN Radio to Fox Sports Radio on January 1, 2011. The ESPN affiliation moved to FM 101.3 WCPV. On January 1, 2012, WRSA began to simulcast the oldies format of co-owned  WIFY "Cruisin' 93.7" in Addison, Vermont.

WRSA flipped to a comedy radio format on Labor Day weekend 2014, along with co-owned AM 1390 WCAT in Burlington, Vermont. WRSA and WCAT returned to oldies and classic hits in July 2015.

On October 30, 2015, WRSA went silent, along with WCAT. According to FCC records, the station had also been silenced in 2013.

Effective May 20, 2019, WRSA was acquired from Radio Broadcasting Services, Incorporated by the Radio Sound Company, including a construction permit for an FM translator in St. Albans, W262DH 100.3 MHz.

WRSA returned to the air in Spring 2019, simulcast with 1390 WCAT, carrying a business news format, mostly supplied by Bloomberg Radio. On June 1, 2019, the station began local operation and ended  the affiliation with Bloomberg. The format is a variety of music, and local programming. The new owners have pledged to air local information.

Effective May 1, 2020, the station's license and the translator construction permit were transferred back to Radio Broadcasting Services, Incorporated for $1 and assumption of debt outstanding from the 2019 sale. The FCC cancelled the construction permit for W262DH effective October 1, 2021. WCAT's license was surrendered and cancelled on November 1, 2022.

References

External links

RSA
St. Albans, Vermont
Radio stations established in 1941
1941 establishments in Vermont
Hot adult contemporary radio stations in the United States


Association football is the most popular sport in Kuwait.

Kuwait Football Association
The Kuwait Football Association () is headquartered in Udailiya, Al-Ittihad Street, Kuwait City.

The Kuwait Football Association (KFA) was founded in 1952.

Tournaments

Domestic tournaments
 Kuwaiti Premier League
 Kuwaiti Division One
 Kuwait Emir Cup
 Kuwait Crown Prince Cup
 Kuwait Super Cup

Futsal
 Kuwaiti Futsal League
 Kuwait Futsal Federation Cup
 Kuwait Futsal Super Cup
 Mini World Futsal Club Tournament

Defunct
 Kuwait Federation Cup
 Kuwait Joint League
 Al-Khurafi Cup

Other tournaments held in Kuwait
 1964 Arab Nations Cup
 3rd Arabian Gulf Cup
 1975 AFC Youth Championship
 1980 AFC Asian Cup
 10th Arabian Gulf Cup
 2002 West Asian Games
 2002 Arab Nations Cup
 16th Arabian Gulf Cup
 2012 WAFF Championship
 23rd Arabian Gulf Cup

Kuwait football achievements
Asian Cup
 1 time champions of AFC Asian Cup (1980 AFC Asian Cup)
 1 time runners-up of AFC Asian Cup (1976 AFC Asian Cup)
 1 time third place of AFC Asian Cup (1984 AFC Asian Cup)

World Military Cup
 2 times champions of World Military Cup (Qatar 1981, Kuwait 1983)
 1 time runners-up of World Military Cup (Syria 1977)
 3 times third place of World Military Cup (Congo 1973, West Germany 1975, Kuwait 1979)

Football clubs in Kuwait
 Al Arabi
 Al Fahaheel
 Al Jahra
 Al Kuwait
 Al Naser
 Al Salmiya
 Al Shabab
 Al Qadsia
 Al Yarmouk
 Kazma
 Khaitan SC
 Sulaibikhat
 Sahel
 Tadamon
 Burgan SC

National football team

The Kuwait national team greatest achievement is winning the 1980 AFC Asian Cup Final. The Kuwait national team has qualified for the 1982 FIFA World Cup.

Women's football

Women's football is slowly growing in Kuwait.

Largest football stadiums in Kuwait

References

External links
Kuwait at the FIFA website.
Kuwait at the AFC website.
RSSSF (men)


The 24th BRDC International Trophy was a non-championship Formula One race held at Silverstone on 23 April 1972. The race was also run to Formula 5000 regulations.

Classification
Note: a blue background indicates a car running under Formula 5000 regulations.

Notes
Pole position: Emerson Fittipaldi - 1:18.1
Fastest lap: Mike Hailwood - 1:18.8

References

BRDC International Trophy
BRDC International Trophy
Formula 5000 race reports
BRDC


is an umbrella term for ninjutsu traditions that come from the Iga region, according to Japanese legend. It became one of the two most well-known ninja traditions in Japan. The Iga-ryū traditions originated in the Iga Province in the area around the towns of Iga, Ueno, and Nabari (modern Iga City and Nabari City in Mie Prefecture). Iga-mono is a synonym for Iga ninja.

History
Since the Nara period, the Iga district had supplied lumber to jisha (寺社, temple-shrines). But in the Kamakura period, jisha declined in influence while shugo (governors) and jitō (manor administrators) grew dominant.  The power of these functionaries then waned in Iga while that of bushi (warriors) rose instead. Iga was divided into local jizamurai regions locked in guerrilla war for which Iga warriors developed specialized skills and tactics.

During the early Muromachi period, the people of Iga became independent of their feudal overlords and established a kind of republic—Iga Sokoku Ikki (伊賀惣国一揆) in Japanese. Iga-mono 伊賀者 (Iga men) first appear in historical records in 1487 when the Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshihisa attacked Rokkaku Takayori, the daimyō of southern Ōmi Province from the Rokkaku clan. Both Iga and the Koga ninja fought on the side of Rokkaku, helping to successfully repel the shōgun's attack. In 1579, warlord Oda Nobunaga's son Oda Nobukatsu launched an unsuccessful attack against the Iga Republic. In 1581, Oda Nobunaga himself attacked Iga from six directions with a force of 40,000 to 60,000 men, about a ten to one advantage, and slaughtered many Iga ninja and their families. The Iga held only two castles when Nobunaga declared a ceasefire and allowed some of the ninja to escape.

In 1582, during the turmoil following Oda Nobunaga's death, Hattori Hanzō advised Tokugawa Ieyasu to escape to Mikawa through the Kōga and Iga regions. Ieyasu, when he became the shōgun, employed ninja to guard Edo Castle—the headquarters of the Tokugawa shogunate—and to supply intelligence. He settled 200 men from the Iga-ryū in the Yotsuya neighborhood of Edo (Tokyo). Hanzo's Gate in Edo Castle took its name from the nearby residence of the Hattori clan.

Hattori Hanzō's son Hattori Masanari commanded the castle's Iga guards but proved a less successful leader than his father. In 1606, the Iga men rebelled due to harsh treatment. They continued to serve the shogunate as a musketeer unit and as dōshin, low ranking samurai policemen, with their ninja skills gradually fading out in later generations. One of the last known recorded ninja missions performed by an Iga ninja was in the late Bakumatsu period of the 19th century, when an Iga ninja by the name of  infiltrated one of the black ships of Commodore  Matthew C. Perry.

Organization
Iga ninja were trained in disguise, escape, concealment, explosives, medicine, and poisons, as well as more conventional forms of warfare such as unarmed combat and various forms of weaponry. They used scaling hooks for climbing and many different tools, such as lock picks and ladders. According to the Bansenshukai, Iga ninja of the Fujibayashi family also used a special water flotation device called Mizugumo (displayed at the Iga-ryu Ninja Museum). The ninja of the Iga-ryū was also divided into different "classes" and ranks, based solely on the ninja's skill level. This hierarchy was simplified in the writings of the mid-20th-century author Heishichiro Okuse, who labeled them into three general categories: "jonin (upper ninja)", "chūnin (middle ninja)", and "genin (lower ninja)". This modernized model is very often seen in various pop culture ninja media such as the Naruto franchise and the Shinobi no Mono movie series starring actor Ichikawa Raizo. Heishichiro Okuse was bestowed the title of 15th Soke of Iga-ryu ninjutsu due to his efforts associated with restoration of the art and his service. Before retiring, he nominated Kazuo Saito as the 16th Soke. Saito Soke later moved to Sydney, Australia and has taught Iga-ryu since relocating.

See also
Iga-ryū Ninja Museum
 Kōga-ryū, umbrella term for a major school of ninjutsu

References

Ninjutsu organizations
History of Mie Prefecture
Azuchi–Momoyama period


Regular Guys () is a 1996 German comedy film directed by Rolf Silber.

Cast
 Christoph M. Ohrt - Christoph Schwenk
 Carin C. Tietze - Helen
 Tim Bergmann - Edgar
 Oliver Stokowski - Mike
 Rudolf Kowalski - Kallenbach
 Dieter Brandecker - Deichsel
 Daniela Ziegler - Iris
 Ina Weisse - Karin
 Andreas Pietschmann - Marco

References

External links

1996 films
1996 comedy films
LGBT-related comedy films
German LGBT-related films
1996 LGBT-related films
1990s German films


Marina Severa (died before 382) was the Empress of Rome and first wife of Emperor Valentinian I. She was the mother of later Emperor Gratian. Her full name is unknown. Marina Severa is a combination of the two names given in primary sources. Socrates of Constantinople calls her "Severa" while John Malalas, the Chronicon Paschale and John of Nikiû name her "Marina".

Life

Marina Severa married Valentinian before he ascended to the throne. Their son, Gratian was born in 359 at Sirmium in Pannonia. Valentinian was chosen emperor in 364. He divorced his wife around 370 to marry Justina, widow of usurper Magnentius.

According to Socrates of Constantinople:

This account was dismissed by later historians whose interpretation of it was an unlikely legalization of bigamy. However Timothy Barnes and others consider this decision to only allow various Romans to divorce and then remarry. The controversy being that Christianity had yet to accept the concept of a divorce. Barnes considers that Valentinian was willing to go forth with the legal reformation in pursuit of dynastic legitimacy that would secure his presence on the throne.

John Malalas, the Chronicon Paschale and John of Nikiû report Severa to have been banished because of involvement in an illegal transaction. Barnes considers this story to be an attempt to justify the divorce of Valentinian I without blaming the emperor.  According to the account of John of Nikiû:

Ammianus mentioned Gratian being influenced by his mother, indicating that he kept her close as an advisor when he became senior emperor.

After Valentinian died, he was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople in the year 382, next to his first wife.

References

Sources

External links
Section about her in "Ammianus Marcellinus and the Representation of Historical Reality" by Timothy David Barnes

Valentinianic dynasty
4th-century deaths
4th-century Christians
4th-century Roman empresses
Burials at the Church of the Holy Apostles
Year of birth unknown


Piano Sonata No. 12 may refer to:
Piano Sonata No. 12 (Beethoven)
Piano Sonata No. 12 (Mozart)