Founded in 2000 by Jim Weidner, K2JXW, the Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society (ARLHS) is devoted to maritime communications, amateur radio, lighthouses, and lightships.  Its members travel to lighthouses around the world where they operate amateur radio equipment at or near the light.  Collecting lighthouse QSLs is popular for some amateur radio operators.  ARLHS is a membership organization with over 1665 members worldwide as of July 2009.

A convention is held in October each year.  In 2010 the gathering was in Biloxi, Mississippi.  In earlier years it has been held in Solomons, Maryland, St. Simons, Georgia, Port Huron, Michigan, and other sites. Membership benefits include a newsletter, email reflector, awards program, lighthouse expedition sponsorship, certificates, embroidered shoulder patch, a list of every known light beacon in the world capable of supporting a ham station (over 15,000 entries at last count—see "World List of Lights" info below), and a web site at .

The ARLHS has been featured in national magazines, such as CQ and WordRadio. Jim Weidner is its founding President; and Jim Buffington, K5JIM, is vice president.  The club call sign is W7QF and the website is

World List of Lights
The ARLHS maintains a catalog of lighthouses called The World List of Lights (WLOL).  Its main feature is a short, and easily transmitted identification number for each lighthouse. The WLOL lists any lighthouse that is or was an Aid to Navigation (ATN) and can reasonably accommodate an amateur radio operation.  Lights that are no longer in existence, but were once an ATN, also show up on the list, designated as historical.  With over 15,000 entries, the WLOL is one of the most complete lighthouse catalogs in existence.

References

External links
Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society Website
ARLHS Convention web site
India's First ARLHS activation in Mahaballipuram, Chennai, India Aug 2008
Kadalur Lighthouse Centenary and ILLW operation Aug 2009

Amateur radio organizations
Lighthouse organizations


The Northwest Atlantic Marine Ecozone, as defined by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), is a Canadian marine ecozone forming a transitional region between the cold northern waters of the Arctic Ocean and the more temperate waters in its southern extent.

Geography
Stretching in a narrow strip offshore from Ellesmere Island and Devon Island in Baffin Bay, it runs parallel to the coast of Bylot Island and Baffin Island until meeting it at the Cumberland Peninsula. It covers the waters of the Davis Strait and the Hudson Strait, Ungava Bay and portions of the Labrador Sea, including all coastal areas of Labrador and the northern coast of Newfoundland. It also includes the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River.

The cold, highly saline North Atlantic Deep Water forms in the Labrador Sea and flows at great depth along the western edge of the North Atlantic. Moreover, in this ecozone the cold Labrador Current meets the Gulf Stream at the Grand Banks, and together with the freshwater discharge from the Saint Lawrence River, moderate the climate of the coastal areas of the Maritimes.

There are more than 440,000 islands in this zone.

Regions
This ecozone consists of eight regions, namely:
 Hudson Strait
 Labrador Shelf
 Newfoundland Shelf
 North Gulf Shelf
 Saint Lawrence River Estuary
 Magdalen Shallows
 Laurentian Channel
 Scotian Shelf (only a small portion near Cape Breton Island)

Climate

This ecozone's climate varies throughout its extent, with temperatures differing by 20 °C between the arctic waters in the north and the Gulf Stream in the south. Sub-surface temperatures are always below the freezing point, but the salinity of the waters prevents them from freezing. Surface sea ice forms throughout this region, and thousands of icebergs may be observed between the northeast coast of Newfoundland and the Grand Banks. The Saint Lawrence River freezes over during the winter, closing the important shipping channel until the ice clears in the summer.

Summer tides may reach 9 to 12 m, though they tend to be exaggerated in Ungava Bay and more subdued in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.

References

Ecozones and ecoregions of Nunavut
Geography of Quebec
Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador
Geography of New Brunswick
Geography of Nova Scotia
Geography of Prince Edward Island


Inhibin, beta B, also known as INHBB, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the INHBB gene. INHBB is a subunit of both activin and inhibin, two closely related glycoproteins with opposing biological effects.

Function

Inhibin

Inhibins are heterodimeric glycoproteins composed of an α subunit (INHA) and one of two homologous, but distinct, β subunits (βA or βB, this protein). mRNA for the two subunits has been demonstrated in the testes of adult rats.  Inhibin can bind specifically to testicular interstitial cells throughout development and may be an important regulator of Leydig cell testosterone production or interstitial cell function.

The inhibin beta B subunit joins the α subunit to form a pituitary FSH secretion inhibitor.  Inhibin has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumour-suppressor activity.  In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of granulosa-cell tumors and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease.   Because expression in gonadal and various extragonadal tissues may vary severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion, it is proposed that inhibin may be both a growth/differentiation factor and a hormone.

Activin

Furthermore, the beta B subunit forms a homodimer, activin B, and also joins with the beta A subunit to form a heterodimer, activin AB, both of which stimulate FSH secretion.

Tissue distribution

Sections of testicular tissue from rat revealed positive immunoreactivity against anti-inhibin intensely appeared in Leydig cells. In adult animals, binding of 125I inhibin was localized primarily to the interstitial compartment of the testis.  Also, Jin et al., (2001) reported that Leydig cells showed strong positive staining for the inhibin βA subunit in pigs testis.

Receptors

In situ ligand binding studies have shown that 125I inhibin βA binds specifically to Leydig cells throughout rat testis development. These results suggest that inhibin has been considered as a regulator of Leydig cell differentiated function. Recently, additional inhibin specific binding proteins were identified in inhibin target tissues, including pituitary and Leydig cells. From these receptors betaglycan (the TGF-β type III receptor) and InhBP/p120 (a membrane-tethered proteoglycan) were identified as putative inhibin receptors and they are all present in Leydig cells. However, a faint positive reaction was detected in Leydig cell cytoplasm in rats treated with anise oil. This may be related to the damaged Leydig cells, as a result of the decreasing of inhibin expression. This may be related to its content of safrole.

Cancer
INHBB gene has been observed progressively downregulated in Human papillomavirus-positive neoplastic keratinocytes derived from uterine cervical  preneoplastic lesions at different levels of malignancy.  For this reason, INHBB is likely to be associated with tumorigenesis and may be a potential prognostic marker for uterine cervical  preneoplastic lesions progression.

References

Further reading

Estrogen regulation


The 22nd Pau Grand Prix was a non-Championship motor race, run for Formula One cars, held on 23 April 1962 at Pau Circuit, the street circuit in Pau. The race was run over 100 laps of the circuit, and was won by Maurice Trintignant in a Lotus 18/21, run by the Rob Walker Racing Team.

Results

References

Pau Grand Prix
Pau Grand Prix
Pau Grand Prix
Pau Grand Prix


Otto H. Königsberger (13 October 1908 – 3 January 1999) was a German architect who worked mainly in urban development planning in Africa, Asia and Latin America, with the United Nations. He also   proposed some plans for developing new cities like Bhubaneswar and Jamshedpur under the vision of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru who wanted to build planned cities in India.

Early life

Königsberger was born in Berlin in 1908, and trained as an architect there at the Technical University of Berlin, graduating in 1931. In 1933, he won the Schinkel Prize for Architecture for a design for the Olympic Stadium in Berlin. However, with the rise to power of the Nazi Party, Königsberger was forced to leave the country, as was his uncle, physicist Max Born. Königsberger later illustrated Born's popularized physics text, The Restless Universe (published 1935).

Königsberger spent the next six years in the Swiss Institute for the History of Egyptian Architecture in Cairo, where he gained his doctorate. When his uncle Max Born was in Bangalore as a guest of  Raman, the Diwan Mirza Ismail enquired if he know of any trained architect. Thanks to Born's introduction, Königsberger was appointed chief architect and planner to Mysore State, India in 1939. His buildings during this period include some buildings in the Indian Institute of Science (1943–44), the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Bombay (Mumbai), the bus station, Serum Institute and Victory Hall (1946, renamed as Town Hall) in Bangalore, the town plan for Bhubaneswar, and some town planning for Jamshedpur with the vision of  Tata. After Indian Independence he became director of housing for the Indian Ministry of Health from 1948 to 1951, working on resettling those displaced by partition.

Career
In 1953 Königsberger moved to London and became head of the Department of Development and Tropical Studies at the Architectural Association, which later became the Development Planning Unit of University College, London, where he worked as a professor until his retirement in 1978.

Königsberger taught that town planners in the developing world should be prepared to dynamically adapt their plans, and involve local communities and techniques, as opposed to imposing a static master plan based on Western ideas – an approach he called Action Planning. He served as a senior adviser to the United Nations Economic and Social Council from the 1950s, and helped launch Habitat International in 1976, which he edited until 1978. His Manual of tropical housing and building was published in several languages and remains a standard course text in many parts of the world.

Awards and legacy
In 1989, Königsberger was one of the first recipients of the UN Habitat Scroll of Honour, the most prestigious award given by the United Nations in recognition of work carried out in the field of human settlements development. The same year, University College London established the Otto Koenigsberger Scholarship to enable young professionals from developing countries to study urban planning in the UK.

See also
Mahoney tables

Bibliography

References

1908 births
1999 deaths
German urban planners
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
Architects from Berlin
Academics of University College London
20th-century German architects


Bryophytes

Fish

Archosauromorphs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Non Avian Dinosaurs

Birds

Plesiosaurs

Expeditions, field work, and fossil discoveries
 While volunteering for field work on a team led by Philip Currie, Darren Tanke learned about the lost "Eoceratops" first excavated by William Edmund Cutler. Tanke would later rediscover the specimen in London's Natural History Museum.

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 9


Paleontology, palaeontology or palæontology (from Greek: paleo, "ancient"; ontos, "being"; and logos, "knowledge") is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised faeces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because mankind has encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred in the year 1978.

Expeditions, field work, and fossil discoveries
 A paleoanthropological team led by Mary Leakey found 3.5 million year old human footprints.
 Baby hadrosaurs were discovered in the Two Medicine Formation.

Invertebrates

Maurits Lindström, described the earliest known octocoral in Sweden shifting the first known appearance from the Cretaceous to the Ordovician.

Fish

Newly named Ray-finned fish

Dinosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

General research
Peter M. Galton published a paper on Fabrosauridae, including redescribing Fabrosaurus, Echinodon and Nanosaurus along with naming Lesothosaurus.

Birds

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Pterosaurs

Popular culture
 Dinosaur Planet by Anne McAffrey was published. This novel was about a planet called Ireta that was populated by dinosaurs transplanted there by aliens attempting to preserve Earth's Mesozoic biosphere. Paleontologist William A. S. Sarjeant has praised the intelligent pterosaurs descended from Quetzalcoatlus in the novel as plausible.

References

8
Paleontology 8


Plants

Ferns

Conifers

Angiosperms

Invertebrates

Mollusks

Conodonts

Fish

Archosauriformes

Non-avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Pterodactyls

Expeditions, field work, and fossil discoveries
 Trexler found hadrosaur remains west of Choteau, Montana in strata of the Two Medicine Formation.

Popular culture

Literature
 The Year of the Dinosaur Edwin H. Colbert and illustrated by his wife, Margaret was published. This story describes a year in the life of a "brontosaur" and was an attempt to educate the reader about prehistory through a fictional portrayal of it.

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 7


Flora

Cycads

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named dinosaurs

Newly named birds

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Other Animals

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 6


Paleozoology

Arthropods

Insects

Molluscs

Bivalves

Conodonts
German paleontologist and stratigrapher Heinz Walter Kozur (1942-2013) and G.K. Merrill described the conodont genus Diplognathodus.

Vertebrates

Dinosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Incertae sedis

New taxa

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 5


Stelios Maistrellis (; born 10 November 1979) is a former Greek footballer who played as a defender.

Club career
Maistrellis played for Akratitos in the Greek Super League during the 2003–04 season.

References

1979 births
Living people
Greek men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
AEK Athens F.C. players
A.P.O. Akratitos Ano Liosia players
Aiolikos F.C. players
Panachaiki F.C. players
Ethnikos Asteras F.C. players
People from Mytilene
Sportspeople from the North Aegean


Antony Hämäläinen (born August 28, 1980) is a Finnish metal vocalist living in the United States.

Biography
In the early 1990s, he started playing bass, drums, and singing for multiple bands based both in the US and Finland.

September 2007, Hämäläinen joined the Gothenburg based melodic death metal band Nightrage.

In March 2015, Armageddon, a Swedish melodic death metal band led by former Arch Enemy guitarist Christopher Amott, announced him as their permanent vocalist.

In February 2022, on the Rock Talks podcast it was revealed he had auditioned to be the new vocalist for the industrial metal band Fear Factory.

He occasionally provides guest vocals for bands ranging in all genres of extreme metal both live, and in studio.

Style
In reference to his work on the Nightrage album Wearing A Martyr's Crown, Sputnikmusic wrote "Hämäläinen, from Finland, who has a lot of vocal similarities to Tomas Lindberg, which brings back a resemblance to their original sound from their first two albums". Added to his clean vocals "he can still maintain a melodic edge, but he only does it every now and again within the album; he only does it for the purpose of giving some of the songs a musical edge so the listener doesn't fall asleep thinking that the only new addition of style is just a higher use of acoustic guitars."

Live session
Amaranthe - vocals, live (September 14, 2012, at ProgPower USA XIII, Atlanta, Georgia)

Recording appearances
 Rusted Eyes Awake (2008) by Landmine Marathon - guest vocals on "Bled to Oblivion"
 The Essence of Decay (2009) by Rising Pain - guest vocals on "Feel Less Alive" and "Am I Awake"
 Self Destruct Syndrome (2011) by Neverborne - guest vocals on "Mechanical Ruin"
 Apathy's Throne EP (2011) by Nervosia - all vocals
 Of Unsound Minds (2012) by AfterBlood (feat. Tom Angelripper) - guest vocals on "The More I Lie"
 The Darkest of Angels (2016) by Dead by Wednesday - all vocals on "Defining Fire"
 The Outsider (2016) by The Outsider - all vocals on "The Race That Failed"
 Lakewind Whispers EP (2017) by Nordjärvi - all vocals
 No Longer the Sun Rise (2018) by Earthward (feat. Adrian Erlandsson) - all vocals
 Autumnus EP (2021) by Ancient Settlers - all vocals
 Sense of Noise (2021) by Sense Of Noise  - guest vocals on "Rage of Existence"
 Our Last Eclipse (2022) by Ancient Settlers - all vocals
 Autumnus Live Sessions (2022) by Ancient Settlers - all vocals

Compilation
 Holier Than Thou by Nightrage for Metal Hammer Magazine, Greece (on "And Coverz for All - A Greek Tribute to Metallica") - vocals

Discography

With Nightrage
 Wearing A Martyr's Crown (2009)
 Vengeance Descending (2010)
 Macabre Apparitions EP (2011)
 Insidious (2011)

With Meridian Dawn
 The Mixtape EP (2014)
 The Fever Syndrome (2020)
 Dissolving Bonds EP (2021)
 The Pagan Poetry EP (2021)

With Armageddon
Armageddon It! LIVE in Japan (2015)
Crossing the Rubicon (Revisited) (2016)

With Crystal Tears
 Ghostdance (2019)
 Nosi Balasi (Filipino version) (2019)
 Crawl Into Your Grave (2022)

References

External links
Antony Hämäläinen Official Facebook

1980 births
Living people
People from Hämeenlinna
Finnish heavy metal singers
21st-century Finnish male singers
Finnish expatriates in the United States
Nightrage members


Bryophytes

Plants

Angiosperms

Archosauromorphs

General research
 Massospondylus gastroliths are documented.

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Newly named pterosaurs

References

 Raath, M.A. (1974). Fossil vertebrate studies in Rhodesia: further evidence of gastroliths in Prosauropod dinosaurs. Arnoldia Rhodesia. 7 (5): 1–7.
 Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.

Paleontology


Pinophyta

Arthropods

Insects

Conodonts

Archosauromorphs

Newly named crurotarsins

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Newly named pterosaurs

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 3


Bryophytes

Mollusca

Bivalves

Archosauromorphs

Newly named archosauromorphs

Newly named pseudosuchians

Newly named dinosauriforms

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Synapsids

Newly named therapsids

Mammalian

Other Animals

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 2


Plants

Angiosperms

Conodonts

Archosauromorphs

Newly named pseudosuchians

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named onithodirans

Newly named birds

Newly named pterosaurs

Other Animals

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 1


Arthropods

Newly named insects

Archosauromorphs

Newly named diapsids

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Newly named Pterosaurs

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 0


Angiosperms

Molluscs

Archosaurmopha

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Popular culture

Literature
 Pataud, le petit dinosaure was published. This was the first book about dinosaurs intended for an audience of children young enough to be new to reading. Paleontologist William A. S. Sarjeant has called it a "charmin[g]" book and "remarkable" that the earliest dinosaur book aimed at children was French since "French children do not share North American children's fascination" with dinosaurs.

References

1960s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 0


Fred Hilton Morgan (30 June 1893 – 29 July 1980) was a South African sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.

In 1920 he won the silver medal with the South African team in the team 600 metre military rifle, prone competition. He also participated in the following events:

 Team 300 and 600 metre military rifle, prone - fifth place
 Team 300 metre military rifle, standing - ninth place
 Team 300 metre military rifle, prone - eighth place
 Team 50 metre small-bore rifle - eighth place
 Team free rifle - tenth place
 50 metre small-bore rifle - result unknown
 300 metre free rifle, three positions - result unknown

References

External links

1893 births
1980 deaths
South African male sport shooters
ISSF rifle shooters
Olympic shooters for South Africa
Shooters at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for South Africa
Sportspeople from Johannesburg
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics
South African Republic people
South African emigrants to Rhodesia


Plants

Angiosperms

Archosauromorphs

Phytosaurs

Pseudosuchians

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

References

1960s in paleontology
Paleontology 1


Paleozoology

Conodont paleozoology
German paleontologist Klaus J. Müller (1923-2010) described the conodont order Paraconodontida.

Vertebrates

Dinosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Newly named birds

References

1960s in paleontology


Arthropods

Newly named insects

Vertebrates

Archosauromorphs

Dinosauria
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Popular culture

Literature
 Savage Pellucidar, the last of the seven novels about Pellucidar, an underground world inhabited by dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures, by Edgar Rice Burroughs was published.

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 3


Arthropods

Newly named insects

Mollusca

Newly named bivalves

Archosauromorphs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

References

Paleontology


Archosauromorphs

Newly named non-avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 5


Arthropods

Newly named Insects

Conodonts

Anapsids

Newly named mesosaurs

Dinosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

Other Animals

References

Paleontology


Arthropoda

New taxa

Archosauromorphs

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Pterosaurs

Synapids

Popular culture

Literature
 Bronto the Dinosaur was published. Its storyline was similar to another 1960s work aimed at children,Pataud, le petit dinosaure. The book was marketed as "educationally sound, paleontologist William A. S. Sarjeant said the book "cannot justly make that claim" on the basis of several scientific improbabilities.

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 7


Flora

Ferns and fern allies

Angiosperms

Arthropods

Insects

Conodonts

Archosauriformes

Non-avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Sauropterygians

Plesiosaurs

Synapsids

Mammaliformes

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 8


Paleozoology

Molluscs

New bivalves

Conodont paleozoology

Vertebrate paleozoology

Fish

New Actinopterygii ("ray-finned fish")

Archosauromorphs

Newly named crurotarsans

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Newly named birds

New Pterosaurs

Synapsid

Mammals

Paleontologists
 Death of Friedrich von Huene, the well known German paleontologist.

References

Paleontology
Paleontology 9


"The Joker" is a song by Leslie Bricusse and Anthony Newley, from the 1964 musical The Roar of the Greasepaint – The Smell of the Crowd.

Plot
The song is a lament of a person, seen by the outside world as a jester and a comedian especially when they fail, who inwardly feels tremendous pain. The person ultimately accepts their fate, noting that someone is in the same position in every society. In the musical, the song—sung by the lead, Cocky (played by Newley in the original American production)—leads into the Act One closer, "Who Can I Turn To?"

Recordings
 Anthony Newley performed the song on the original cast recording.
 Sammy Davis Jr., on the album, Sammy's Back On Broadway 1965
 Bobby Rydell, on the TV show Shindig!
 Sérgio Mendes, on the 1966 album, Herb Alpert Presents Sergio Mendes & Brasil '66
 Wes Montgomery, did an instrumental version on the 1967 album, A Day In The Life.
 Shirley Bassey, on the 1968 album, This Is My Life.
 Jackie Trent and Tony Hatch, on the 1968 album The Two of Us.
 Fred Travalena, as a lip-sync performance on the 1989 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade (in character as the DC Comics villain of the same name)
 Mark Trevorrow, on the 2004 album, It's About Time.
 Gina Riley performed and recorded her version as the opening only theme to the Australian sitcom, Kath & Kim. This full recording also appeared on the 2004 soundtrack album, Kath & Kim's Party Tape.

References

Songs written by Anthony Newley
1964 songs
Songs written by Leslie Bricusse
Songs from musicals


Russell Andrew Mark,  (born 25 February 1964 in Hoppers Crossing, Victoria, Australia) is an Australian Olympic Champion Shooter. He won the Olympic gold medal in double trap at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He also won an Olympic silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He has competed at six Olympic Games: 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008, 2012. The only Australian Summer Olympian to compete in more Olympiads is Andrew Hoy, who competed in seven.

His win at the Atlanta 1996 Summer Olympics gave him the distinction of being the inaugural shotgun shooter of the sport to win all four of the world major individual titles: World Cup, World Cup Final, World Championship and Olympic Games. Uniquely after the Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics he also has a set of silver medals in all four major titles, an honour he shares with the American clay target shooter Kimberley Rhode.

Mark is also a world-renowned professional clay target shooting coach. In 2022 he agreed on a one-year contract to be employed by the Sports Authority of India as the foreign trap shooting coach for the Indian Shotgun Team. He resigned from this position on May 28, 2023, after successfully qualifying the Indian Trap Team for participation in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games. On July 5, 2023, he started with the Qatar Olympic Committee as the coach of the National Trap Shooting Team for the remainder of the 2023 season.

Mark is a dual World Individual Champion (1994, 1997) and dual World Team Champion (1998 and 1999). He won an individual World Cup gold medal in Los Angeles, US (1991); this was the first-ever World Cup individual gold medal by an Australian in any Shooting discipline. He also won gold medals in Lonato, Italy (1992); Munich, Germany (1994); Lima, Peru (1999); Sydney, Australia (2000); and Perth, Australia (2003). At the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Mark won a gold medal in men's double trap.

In August 2007, in Munich, Germany, the International Shooting Sports Federation inducted him into its Hall of Fame as the greatest double trap shooter of all time. This was an accolade he shared with fellow shotgun shooters Luciano Giovannetti (men's trap, from Italy), Kimberly Rhode (women's double trap and skeet, from USA), and Susan Nattrass (women's trap, from Canada).

In 1997, Mark was honoured with the Order of Australia Medal for services to sport and the Australian Sports Medal in June 2000.

In August 2019, Russell Mark was nominated to the Sport Australia Hall of Fame. He is the second shotgun shooter so honoured. He was preceded by Donald Macintosh who titled at the Paris 1900 Summer Olympics.

Personal life
Mark was educated in Ballarat, Victoria, at the Brown Hill Primary School (1969 – 1974) and Ballarat East High School (1975 – 1981). He completed a Diploma of Business Studies at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (1982 – 1985), and worked in the real estate industry as a real estate valuer from 1985 until 1997.

In 1997, Mark started working for Melbourne radio station 3AW as a sports presenter. In 2002 he commenced a role as a sports commentator on ABC radio where he worked for the next 13 years on the breakfast show with iconic media personality Red Symons. Mark retired from radio work in 2016.

Russell Mark worked for Australian television Network Channel 7 as a commentator at the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2021 Summer Olympics as well as the 1998 Malaysia and 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games.

Mark owns and is a director of two hotels in his home town of Hoppers Crossing, Victoria and is a director of an entertainment clay target shooting business, Go Shooting Pty Ltd.

Mark was an Athlete's Representative on the Australian Olympic Committee's Athletes Commission from 1997 until 2004. He served as an Executive Board Member on the Victorian Olympic Committee from 2005 until 2012. He was also a board member for Shooting Australia on two occasions from 2007 to 2009 and from 2011 to 2013. He has been an official Ambassador for the Carlton Football Club (Australian Football League) since 1997.

Since 1999 Mark has written a monthly column for the Australian Shooting Magazine the Australian Shooters Journal.

Family
Mark married fellow champion shooter and triple Commonwealth Games gold medallist and dual Olympian Lauryn Mark on 17 March 2004, on a Hamilton Island beach in a surprise wedding ceremony. He has three children, Holly Anne Mark (b.10/09/98), Sierra Evelyn Mark (b.23/06/05) and Indiana Todd Mark (b.29/01/07)

Competition shooting career
Mark's career includes an individual Olympic Gold and silver medal, 2 individual World Championships, 6 World Cup Championships and 2 World Team Championships as well as 39 Australian National Open Championships (current record holder). His first Open Australian Championship came in 1980 as a sixteen-year-old junior competitor in Perth where he also set a new Australian Open Record. He had a run of twenty consecutive years from 1988 to 2007 where he won at least one Australian Title each year.

In September 1992 at a major tournament in Tamworth, NSW, Mark became the first Australian to hit more than one thousand targets in succession. He finished the competition with 1177 hits in a row breaking his own Australian record set in January 1992 in Canberra of 859 consecutive hits.

In 1997, he won the men's double trap World Championship in Peru with a new World Record.

In 2004, Mark served as part of the administrative support team at the Athens 2004 Summer Olympics working for the Australian Olympic Committee as an Athlete's Liaison Officer. Also during 2004 he controversially took the position as the personal coach to the Indian marksman Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore who went on to become India's first ever individual Olympic medalist at the Athens Olympics by winning a silver medal.

In 2006, Mark competed at the Melbourne Commonwealth Games where he won a gold medal. He participated in the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics where he finished 5th in Olympic men's double trap. In 2010, he declared an intention to make the London 2012 Summer Olympics his sixth appearance. On 7 June 2012, Mark was named in the Olympic team.

He has competed at six Commonwealth Games (1990, 1994, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014). He competed in the open individual ISSF World Championships on 22 occasions: (1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014). This is a record for any Australian shotgun athlete.

Mark retired from international competition after the 2014 ISSF World Championship in Spain.

Marks' home shooting range was the Werribee-Victorian Clay Target Club. He was made a life member of the club in 1996.

In March 2009, Mark was inducted into the Australian Clay Target Association's Hall of Fame as the youngest member.

Mark has been a Global Ambassador for the world's leading firearm manufacturer, Beretta Italy, since 1986.

In 2019, Mark was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame.

References

External links
Russell Mark's Profile pdf

1964 births
Living people
Australian male sport shooters
Shooters at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic shooters for Australia
Olympic gold medalists for Australia
Olympic silver medalists for Australia
Trap and double trap shooters
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Australia
Commonwealth Games medallists in shooting
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
Recipients of the Australian Sports Medal
Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees
RMIT University alumni
Australian sports commentators
Radio personalities from Melbourne
Sportspeople from Melbourne
People from Hoppers Crossing, Victoria
Sportsmen from Victoria (state)
Medallists at the 1990 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2010 Commonwealth Games


Dinosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Plesiosaurs
 Plesiosaur gastroliths documented.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

References

 Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.
 Shuller; 1950; A new elasmosaur from the Eagle Ford shale of Texas - The elasmosaur and its environment (Part II); University press in Dallas southern Methodist University. Fondren Science Series pp. 1–32

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 0


Archosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 1


Plants

Archosauromorphs

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Synapsids

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 2


Plants

Angiosperms

Dinosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 3


Plants

Angiosperms

Arthropods

Insects

Archosauromorphs

Phytosaurs

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Synapsids

Pelycosaurs

Eutherians

Cetaceans

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 4


Plants

Pteridophyta

Dinosaurs
 Massospondylus gastroliths are documented.

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Synapsids

Theriodonts

Mammals

Eutherians

Cetaceans

Other Animals

References

 Bond, G. 1955. A note on dinosaur remains from the Forest Sandstone (Upper Karoo). Occasional Papers of the National Museum of Rhodesia 2: 795–800.
 Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 5


Plants

Pinophytes

Archosauromorphs

Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology


Arthropoda

Insects

Molluscs

Gastropods

Archosauromorpha

Newly named dinosaurs
Data are courtesy of George Olshevky's dinosaur genera list.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 7


Arthropods

Insects

Archosauromorphs

Newly named non-avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Birds

Newly named birds

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Other Animals

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 8


Arthropods

Newly named insects

Conodonts
German paleontologist Klaus J. Müller (1923-2010) described the conodont family Westergaardodinidae.

Archosauromorphs

Incertae sedis

Newly named pseudosuchians

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Plesiosaurs

Newly named Plesiosaurs

Birds

Newly named birds

Pterosaurs

New taxa

References

1950s in paleontology
Paleontology
Paleontology 9


16 Collyer Quay, formerly Hitachi Tower, is a 37-storey, , skyscraper in the central business district of Singapore. It is located on 16 Collyer Quay, in the zone of Raffles Place, near Chevron House, Change Alley, Tung Centre, and The Arcade, all of which are roughly 100 metres away. Facing Clifford Pier, the building commands a panoramic view of Marina Bay. It has an underground linkage to Raffles Place MRT station.

The skyscraper has a spire that is , which increases the tower overall height from  It is on a 999-year leasehold.

16 Collyer Quay has a net lettable area of approximately . The building had close to 100% occupancy as of December 31, 2007, and key tenants include Hitachi and American Express.

History
Hitachi Tower was designed by Murphy/Jahn, Inc. Architects, and local firm Architects 61 Pte Ltd. It was completed in 1992. Other firms involved in the development include Hitachi, CapitaLand Commercial Limited, Savu Investments Private Limited, CapitaLand Limited, Obayashi Gumi Corporation, Sendai Eversendai Engineering Group, Steen Consultants Private Limited, PCR Engineers Private Limited, and Rider Hunt Levett & Bailey.

Selling of stake
On January 16, 2008, CapitaLand sold its 50% stake in Hitachi Tower for S$403.5 million, which it had earlier bought in 2000. The National University of Singapore, which owns the remaining  50% of the office building, also sold its stake. Upon the deal's completion, CapitaLand will recognise a gain of S$110.1 million.

According to CapitaLand, the deal took into consideration the agreed value of the development at $811 million, or about $2,900 per square foot of net lettable area. It also claimed the consideration was arrived at on a willing-buyer willing-seller basis. However, the company did not state the buyer, but sources said that the building was bought by a fund linked to Goldman Sachs. This is based on the fact that Goldman Sachs bought the next-door Chevron House a year earlier.

In January 2011, NTUC Income acquired a 49 percent stake in Savu Investments, the holding company which owns the asset, from Goldman Sachs. In January 2013, NTUC Income bought over Goldman Sach's remaining 51% stake in Savu Investments, the acquisition valuing the property at around $660 million, or less than $2,400 per square foot, on a net lettable space of over 278,000 square feet.

Architecture
16 Collyer Quay is linked to the 33-storey Chevron House by a four-storey glass galleria. According to the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA), the two buildings are designed and planned in parallel, with each tower takes on different architectural expressions, while complementing each other to "strengthen the urban quality" of Raffles Place.

The building is topped off by a two-storey navigating beacon. URA claims it recalls the maritime history of the Collyer Quay area. Its facade is expressed in three parts, which breaks the verticality of the 37-storey tower and creates a stepping down effect that matches with the height of its shorter neighbour, Tung Centre.

At the urban level, the two buildings respect and are designed around established patterns of pedestrian movement and urban use. The bank lobby is lifted to the upper floors to create Change Alley on the first storey, a pedestrian thoroughfare lined with retail activities that is today, a well-used and vibrant space linking Raffles Place to Collyer Quay.

See also
 List of tallest buildings in Singapore
 Hitachi

References

External links

Office buildings completed in 1992
Raffles Place
Skyscraper office buildings in Singapore
Downtown Core (Singapore)
Helmut Jahn buildings
20th-century architecture in Singapore


Vangelis Pitkas (; born 30 July 1983) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Super League 2 club Apollon Pontus.

Career
Born in Serres, Pitkas began playing football in the Delta Ethniki with Nea Kallikratia. He would play in the third level of Greek football with Aiolikos before joining second level Anagennisi Karditsa.

On 31 August 2019 it was confirmed that Pitkas had joined Rodos.

Personal life

Pitkas hails from Karperi, Serres.

References

External links
Scoresway Profile
Myplayer.gr Profile
Profile at Onsports.gr

1983 births
Living people
Greek men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Delta Ethniki players
Gamma Ethniki players
Football League (Greece) players
Super League Greece players
Super League Greece 2 players
Iraklis F.C. (Thessaloniki) players
Aiolikos F.C. players
Tilikratis F.C. players
Panachaiki F.C. players
Paniliakos F.C. players
Apollon Smyrnis F.C. players
Panegialios F.C. players
PAS Lamia 1964 players
Doxa Drama F.C. players
Volos F.C. players
A.E. Rodos players
Apollon Pontou F.C. players
Footballers from Serres


Vardon () is a community settlement in south-central Israel. Located north of Kiryat Gat and south of Kiryat Malakhi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Yoav Regional Council. In  it had a population of .

History
It was founded in 1964 as a village center and became a communal village in 1998. It was founded on land belonging to the Arab Palestinian villages of Summil and  Jusayr, both of which were depopulated in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

The name of the community is a loose translation for the family of Julius Rosenwald who was a Jewish donor from the United States. ("Vardon" is derived from vered, which means "rose", hence Rosenfeld.

Education
Vardon, being a small community, has no schools, so it relies on schools of the Yoav Regional Council and the surrounding communities.  The residents may go to either secular or religious schools.  The elementary schools are "Sdot Yoav" in kibbutz Gat and "Yad Hazon" in Be'er Tuvia.  High schools are "Tzafit" in Kfar Menahem and "Gruss" in Kiryat Gat.

Facilities
In Vardon there is a youth center, a sports field, public gardens, playgrounds, and a regional infirmary.

References

Community settlements
Populated places in Southern District (Israel)
1964 establishments in Israel
Populated places established in 1964


Nikos Kalafatis (, born 15 March 1982) is a Greek football player who played for Anagennisi Giannitsa F.C. in the Gamma Ethniki. He is the current coach of National Premier Leagues Victoria club Malvern city.

References

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Kastoria
Greek men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Aiolikos F.C. players
Kalamata F.C. players
Kastoria 1980 F.C. players
P.A.S. Korinthos players


CTV Sports was the division of the CTV Television Network responsible for sports broadcasting. The division existed in its own right from 1961 to 2001; between 1998 and 2001, CTV Sports also operated a cable sports network, CTV Sportsnet, now owned by Rogers Media and known simply as Sportsnet.

Since CTV's purchase of the more established sports network TSN in 2001 (which in turn caused the sale of Sportsnet to Rogers), the network has assumed responsibility for CTV's remaining sports output. At the same time, the amount of in-house sports programming aired by CTV has been reduced to only encompass occasional, TSN-produced telecasts, such as Skate Canada events, and simulcasts of events from U.S. networks. As of 2014, the only sports broadcasts regularly aired by CTV and CTV 2 are simulcasts of National Football League games.

CTV has been incorporated into coverage of major international sporting events—such as FIFA World Cup tournaments, and the Olympic Games, which were most recently aired from 2010 to 2012 as part of a joint venture between Bell Media and Rogers Media.

Current sports programs aired by CTV
The following events are currently specifically designated to air on CTV or CTV 2:

Football
National Football League - Sunday afternoon (1:00pm ET and 4:05/4:25pm ET) local games, and playoffs including the Super Bowl (2007–present)
 Prior to 2014, CTV only held rights to early afternoon games and the playoffs. In 2014, CTV acquired rights to late games (previously held by Rogers through Citytv and Sportsnet), and began airing additional games on CTV 2.
 As of 2018, in simulcast with TSN channels, CTV 2 additionally simulcasts Thursday Night Football and Sunday Night Football when airing on Fox (2018-2021),  CBS (2014-2017) Prime Video (2017-present) and NBC (2016-present) respectively.

Golf
The Masters - in 2015, Bell Media acquired exclusive Canadian rights to The Masters, previously split between TSN and Global. CTV will air late-round coverage of the tournament.
 The Open Championship - NBC coverage of weekend rounds.
 PGA Tour - Weekend round coverage of selected events on CTV 2 beginning in 2019, in simulcast with TSN, and also replacing Global.

Soccer
 Select games from FIFA tournaments between 2015 and 2026 (with most games on TSN), including:
2015 FIFA Women's World Cup
2018 FIFA World Cup
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup
2022 FIFA World Cup
2023 FIFA Women's World Cup
2026 FIFA World Cup

Former sports programs aired by CTV

Figure skating
Skate Canada events, including Skate Canada International and the Canadian Figure Skating Championships (2011–12 to 2020–21 seasons)

Auto Racing
Championship Auto Racing Teams (1979–2007)
In 2012, CTV broadcast Formula One's Canadian Grand Prix.

Baseball
Major League Baseball - Toronto Blue Jays (1981–1991)
In addition, Baton Broadcasting (through ONT / BBS) syndicated a package of Blue Jays games from 1992 to 1996, mostly to CTV affiliates. BBS was merged into CTV in late 1997, so these broadcasts might retroactively be considered CTV Sports broadcasts.
Major League Baseball - Montreal Expos (1989–1993)
Major League Baseball - All-Star Game, playoffs, and World Series (1981–1996)

Basketball
National Basketball Association - Toronto Raptors/Vancouver Grizzlies/select national games/NBA All-Star Game/NBA Finals - (1995/1996-2001–2002 seasons)
 Game 4 of the Raptors' Eastern semifinal series on May 5, 2019, aired in simulcast on CTV as a one-off broadcast.
 Game 2 and 4 of the 2019 NBA Finals on CTV 2, and Game 6 on CTV, simulcasting the ABC telecast for simsub reasons (all three games aired on TSN as well, with the Raptors' main broadcast team).

Curling
World Curling Championships (1991–1994)

Football
Canadian Football League - CFL on CTV (1962–1986)

Golf
Canadian Open - (1962–2005)

Hockey
National Hockey League - NHL on CTV (1972 playoffs, 1984/1985 & 1985–1986 seasons)
Canada Cup - (1976, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1991)
Memorial Cup - (1972–1989, 1999–2001)

Olympic Games
Summer Olympic Games - 1980, 1992, 2012
Winter Olympic Games - 1964, 1972, 1980, 1988, 1994, 2010
Commonwealth Games - 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010

Soccer
FIFA World Cup - 2006 (as part of consortium with Sportsnet)
 Select Saturday afternoon Major League Soccer games for the 2017 season until the 2022 season, as part of TSN's MLS broadcast contract.

In addition, other coverage of events with rights held by TSN have occasionally aired on CTV or CTV 2, or local stations thereof, if necessary due to scheduling conflicts on the TSN channels, such as Vancouver Whitecaps FC games (which aired locally on CTV Vancouver and CTV2 Vancouver Island).

Notable personalities
John F. Bassett
Rod Black
Don Chevrier
Johnny Esaw
Rob Faulds
Dale Isaac
Dan Kelly
Tony Kubek
Pat Marsden
Dan Matheson
Tom McKee
Fergie Olver
Brad Park
Bernie Pascall
Leif Pettersen
Dave Randorf
Leo Rautins
Frank Rigney
Ron Reusch
Dick Shatto
Bill Stephenson
Barbara Underhill
Mike Wadsworth

References

The Sports Network


New Zealand art consists of the visual and plastic arts (including woodwork, textiles, and ceramics) originating from New Zealand and comes from different traditions: indigenous Māori art and that brought here including from early European mostly British settlers.

Visual artwork as defined in New Zealand includes paintings, drawings, carvings, printing such as lithographs and woodcuts, and prints (including books of prints). It also includes photographs, sculptures, collages, models and works of art in the form of crafts, ceramics, glassware, jewellery, textiles, weaving, metalware and furniture. And also 'visual works of art created using computers or other electronic devices'. To be inclusive it also includes 'visual works of cultural expression of Māori and Pacific peoples'.

Prehistoric art

Charcoal drawings can be found on limestone rock shelters in the centre of the South Island, with over 500 sites in the South Island stretching from Kaikōura to North Otago including at the Takiroa Rock Art Shelter. The drawings are estimated to be between 500 and 800 years old, and portray animals, humans and legendary creatures, possibly stylised reptiles. Some of the birds pictured are extinct, including moa and Haast's eagles. They were drawn by Māori, but the meanings of the art is unknown. The ink they were drawn with was recorded in the 1920s and included resin and gum from tree's including tarata, and either shark liver oil or weka fat. There are preservation and restoration efforts being made including at 14 limestone caves and overhangs at Ōpihi in South Canterbury. Rock art is also found in the North Island with 140 rock art sites listed with the New Zealand Archaeological Association.  Perry Fletchern, historical research consultant expects there believes there are more sites un-discovered on farm land. In general the difference between rock art is that in the North Island there are more carvings and abstract motifs the South Island has more drawings and more figurative forms.

Traditional Māori art

Māori visual art consists primarily of four forms: carving (whakairo), tattooing (tā moko), weaving (raranga), and painting (kōwhaiwhai). It was rare for any of these to be purely decorative; traditional Māori art was highly spiritual and as an oral society conveyed knowledge or mātauranga including spiritual matters and ancestry. An example is invoking a god or atua by using a specific design on an object can make the item more effective due to the Māori world-view of natural and spiritual worlds being closely connected. Māori art is connected to the art of Moana Oceania Indigenous groups, the peoples of the wider Pacific region. Common across Moana Oceania were whare wānanga, creative hubs of knowledge systems for training specialists (tohunga) including arts specialists. Artistic skills were valued by Māori and leaders were expected to exhibit skills in the arts.

The creation of art was governed by the rules of tapu. Styles varied from region to region: the style now sometimes seen as 'typical' in fact originates from Te Arawa, who maintained a strong continuity in their artistic traditions thanks partly to early engagement with the tourist industry. Most traditional Māori art was highly stylised and featured motifs such as the spiral, the chevron and the koru.

The first university Māori art history course was taught in 1988 by Ngahuia Te Awekotuku at the University of Auckland. Hirini Moko and Apirana Mahuika have articulated that Māori have for many generations had traditions of art history talking about 'art, its origins, and influences'.

Carving

Carving was done in three media: wood, bone, and stone. As an oral peoples, for Māori carving recorded genealogy, documented events and preserved traditions and stories. Examples of carved items include buildings, weapons including taiaha, musical instruments (taonga pūoro), special containers (waka huia), boats (waka) and ceremonial staffs used by orators (tokotoko).

Pounamu (greenstone), a form of jade was carved and treasured and other kinds of stone were also used, especially in the North Island. Both stone and bone were used to create jewellery such as the hei-tiki. Large scale stone face carvings were also sometimes created. The introduction of metal tools by Europeans changed some carving styles.

There are many well-known carvers who were men but women also carved. In the early 21st century, Pania Waaka is believed to be the first woman to earn a qualification in Māori carving.

Tā moko

Tā moko is the art of traditional Māori tattooing, done with a chisel. Men were tattooed on many parts of their bodies, including faces, buttocks and thighs. Women were usually tattooed only on the lips and chin. Moko conveyed a person's ancestry. The art declined in the 19th century following the introduction of Christianity, but in recent decades has undergone a revival. Although modern moko are in traditional styles, most are carried out using modern equipment. Body parts such as the arms, legs and back are popular locations for modern moko, although some are still on the face.

Weaving

Weaving was used to create numerous things, including wall panels in meeting houses and other important buildings, as well as clothing and bags (kete). While many of these were purely functional, others were true works of art taking hundreds of hours to complete, and often given as gifts to important people. Cloaks in particular could be decorated with feathers and were the mark of an important person. In pre-European times the main medium for weaving was flax, but following the arrival of Europeans cotton, wool and other textiles were also used, especially in clothing. The extinction and endangerment of many New Zealand birds has made the feather cloak a more difficult item to produce. Weaving was primarily done by women.

Painting
Although the oldest forms of Māori art are rock paintings, in 'classical' Māori art, painting was not an important art form. It was mainly used as a minor decoration in meeting houses, in stylised forms such as the koru. Europeans introduced Māori to their more figurative style of art, and in the 19th century less stylised depictions of people and plants began to appear on the walls of meeting houses in place of traditional carvings and woven panels. The introduction of European paints also allowed traditional painting to flourish, as brighter and more distinct colours could be produced.

Explorer art

Europeans began producing art in New Zealand as soon as they arrived, with many exploration ships including an artist to record newly discovered places, people, flora and fauna. The first European work of art made in New Zealand was a drawing by Isaac Gilsemans, the artist on Abel Tasman's expedition of 1642.

Sir Joseph Banks and Sydney Parkinson of Captain James Cook's ship Endeavour produced the first realistic depictions of Māori people, New Zealand landscapes, and indigenous flora and fauna in 1769. William Hodges was the artist on HMS Resolution in 1773, and John Webber on HMS Resolution in 1777. Their works captured the imagination of Europeans and were an influence in the 19th century movement of art towards naturalism.

Cook's artists' paintings and descriptions of moko sparked an interest in the subject in Europe, and led to the tattoo becoming a tradition of the British Navy.

19th century Pākehā art
Early 19th-century artists were for the most part visitors to New Zealand, not residents. Some, such as James Barry, who painted the Ngare Raumati chief Rua in 1818, and Thomas Kendall with the chiefs Hongi Hika and Waikato in 1820, did not visit New Zealand at all, instead painting his subjects when they visited Britain.

Landscape art was popular with early colonisers, and prints were widely used to promote settlement in New Zealand. Notable landscape artists included Augustus Earle, who visited New Zealand in 1827–28, and William Fox, who later became Premier. The first oil portraits of Māori Chiefs with full Tā moko  in New Zealand were painted by the portrait artist William Beetham. As colonisation developed a small but derivative art scene began based mostly on landscapes. However the most successful artists of this period, Charles Goldie and Gottfried Lindauer were noted primarily for their portraits of Māori. Most notable Pākehā artists of their period worked in two dimensions; although there was some sculpture this was of limited notability.

Photography in New Zealand also began at this time and, like painting, initially concentrated mostly on landscape and Māori subjects.

20th century

Creation of a distinct Pākehā New Zealand art
Beginning in the 1930s, many Pākehā (New Zealanders not of Māori origin, usually of European ancestry) attempted to create a distinctive New Zealand style of art. Many, such as Rita Angus, continued to work on landscapes, with attempts made to depict New Zealand's harsh light. Others appropriate Māori artistic styles; for example Gordon Walters created many paintings and prints based on the koru. New Zealand's most highly regarded 20th-century artist was Colin McCahon, who attempted to use international styles such as cubism in New Zealand contexts. His paintings depicted such things as the Angel Gabriel in the New Zealand countryside. Later works such as the Urewera triptych engaged with the contemporary Māori protest movement.

Māori cultural renaissance

From the early 20th century, politician Āpirana Ngata fostered a renewal of traditional Māori art forms, for example establishing a school of Māori arts in Rotorua, the New Zealand Māori Arts and Crafts Institute.

Late 20th and early 21st centuries
The visual arts flourished in the later decades of the 20th century. Many Māori artists became highly successful blending elements of Māori culture with European modernism. Ralph Hotere was New Zealand's highest selling living artist, but other such as Shane Cotton and Michael Parekowhai are also very successful. Many contemporary Māori artists reference ancient myths and cultural practices in their work such as Derek Lardelli, Lisa Reihana, Sofia Minson, Te Rongo Kirkwood, Robyn Kahukiwa, Aaron Kereopa, Rangi Kipa, John Miller, Kura Te Waru Rewiri, Tracey Tawhiao, Roi Toia, Shane Hansen, John Bevan Ford, Jennifer Rendall, Todd Couper, Manos Nathan, Wayne Youle, Lyonel Grant, Wi Taepa and David Teata.

The 1960s and 1970s saw New Zealand develop a craft movement that was in opposition to pop art  and mass consumerism and followed on from the arts and craft movements critique of the mainstream. This artwork includes ceramics, textiles, jewelry and glass work over a wide range of themes and influences. These include Māori and Pasifika artists who's work brought an integrated worldview of fine arts, craft and design not separated with a Western hierarchy that came out of the European Renaissance in the fifteenth century. Craft-based New Zealand artists include Ruth Baird, Merilyn Wiseman, Wi Taepa, Kobi Bosshard, Barry Brickell, Freda Brierley, Paerau Corneal, Ann Culy,  Matarena George, and Susan Holmes, Humphrey Ikin, Rangi Kiu, Maureen Lander, Linley Main, Mike McGregor, John Parker, Baye Riddell, Emily Siddell and Diggeress Te Kanawa.

The Kiingi Tuheitia Portraiture Award is a biennial competition that started in 2021 hosted at the New Zealand Portrait Gallery Te Pūkenga Whakaata and intended to 'provide emerging Māori artists with the opportunity to showcase their talents on the national stage'. It tours around Aotearoa after the initial exhibition in Wellington.

Art organisations and museums
The Crafts Council of New Zealand was established in 1965 and ceased in 1992. The Māori Artists and Writers Society influenced the set-up of the Council for Māori and South Pacific Arts (MASPAC) in 1978 (later replaced by Te Waka Toi in the 1990s), and from this came the Mana Whakairo Carvers Committee and the Aotearoa-Moananui-a-Kiwa Weavers Committee. These came out Creative New Zealand the national agency for the development of the arts in New Zealand that was the Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council then.

The National Art Gallery of New Zealand was established in 1936, and was amalgamated into the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa in 1992. The Auckland Art Gallery is New Zealand's largest art institution with a collection numbering over 15,000 works, including major holdings of New Zealand historic, modern and contemporary art, and outstanding works by Māori and Pacific Island artists.

Waikato Museum, Te Whare Taonga O Waikato located on the banks of the Waikato River in downtown Hamilton.

Art schools
New Zealand has three university-based fine art schools: Ilam School of Fine Arts at the University of Canterbury (formerly Canterbury College School of Art) was founded in 1882, Elam School of Fine Arts at the University of Auckland was founded in 1890 and Massey School of Fine Arts founded in 1885, but was not officially a university institution until 2000. There are also several other tertiary level fine arts schools not affiliated to universities.

See also
Architecture of New Zealand
List of New Zealand artists
Māori culture

Notes

References

External links

Art and photography at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
History of New Zealand painting, NZHistory.net.nz

New Zealand


David J. Smith (10 April 1880 – 15 August 1945) was a South African sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics.

1920 Antwerp

In 1920 he won the silver medal with the South African team in the team 600 metre military rifle, prone competition. In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

 Team 300 and 600 metre military rifle, prone - fifth place
 Team 300 metre military rifle, prone - eighth place
 Team 300 metre military rifle, standing - ninth place
 Team free rifle - tenth place
 300 metre free rifle, three positions - result unknown

1924 Paris

In the 1924 Summer Olympics he participated in the following events:

 Team free rifle - ninth place
 600 metre free rifle - 59th place

References

External links
profile

1945 deaths
1880 births
Scottish emigrants to South Africa
South African male sport shooters
ISSF rifle shooters
Olympic shooters for South Africa
Shooters at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for South Africa
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics


Tasos Pappas (born 1 September 1984) is a Greek footballer who last played for Aiolikos in the Gamma Ethniki.

References

1984 births
Living people
Greek men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Aiolikos F.C. players
A.O. Kerkyra players
Sportspeople from Corfu


The Icland is a right tributary of the river Lechința in Romania. It flows into the Lechința in Iclandu Mare. Its length is  and its basin size is .

References

Rivers of Romania
Rivers of Mureș County


Holbrook Academy is a secondary school with academy status located in the village of Holbrook,  south of Ipswich in the English county of Suffolk. It currently has about 580 students aged 11–16.

The Holbrook Sports Centre is located on the school site. It was opened to the public on 20 January 2007 by Sally Kasnika (a former member of the English women's Basketball Team). The centre was built after the school received money from the Lottery Fund.

The headteacher Simon Letman died on the 13 April 2019. The interim Acting Headteacher was Nicola Mayhew. Tom Maltby was appointed as headteacher from September 2020 to August 2023.
Mr George Anstee-Parry was appointed as Acting Headteacher from September 2023.

References

Academies in Suffolk
Secondary schools in Suffolk
Holbrook, Suffolk


Edward Carre Morgan (May 22, 1904 – April 9, 1980) was a baseball player for the Cleveland Indians and Boston Red Sox.

Biography
Morgan was born May 22, 1904, in Cairo, Illinois.

Morgan entered the Major Leagues in 1928 with the Cleveland Indians. He played about half the season with them; over the next three years he became an everyday starter.

In 1930, his first full season, Morgan batted .349 with 47 doubles, 26 home runs, and 136 runs batted in. After the Indians refused him a raise for the following season, he reportedly threatened to quit baseball to go work for his wealthy father. In 1931, he batted a career-high .351.
After being sent down to New Orleans by the Indians in 1933, Morgan was selected by the Boston Red Sox in the Rule 5 draft on October 3. He made his final major league appearance with Boston in 1934, and eventually went on to work for his father.

Morgan died April 9, 1980, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Career Statistics
In 771 games played over seven major league seasons, Morgan hit .313 (879-for-2810) with 512 runs scored, 186 doubles, 45 triples, 52 home runs, 473 RBI, 385 walks, a .398 on-base percentage and .467 slugging percentage. He compiled a career .983 fielding percentage.

See also
List of Major League Baseball annual putouts leaders
List of Major League Baseball career batting average leaders
List of Major League Baseball career on-base percentage leaders

References

External links

Major League Baseball infielders
Cleveland Indians players
Boston Red Sox players
Baseball players from Illinois
1904 births
1980 deaths


Flavia and Her Artists is a short story by American writer Willa Cather. It was first published in The Troll Garden in 1905.

Plot introduction
Imogen visits her friend Flavia, where she is to join a retinue of artists. However, things do not pan out as well as planned.

Plot summary
Imogen takes a train to Tarrytown, New York, where she has been invited by her friend Flavia. The latter picks her up from the station and drives her to her house. Later Miss Broadwood introduces herself and begs her not to think of her as another 'artist'; she will be her confidante. Arthur joins them to say hello and prepare the dinner. At supper, the artists have agitated conversations M. Roux remains distant. When asked about Flavia about his idea that women cannot be intellectual, he admits he has never met such a one. Later, Imogen thinks back to her childhood days when Arthur would read her children's stories. Before bed, he asks his wife why she invited Imogen, who is not a fickle artist; she said she owes it to her mother. M. Roux is to leave the next day.

The next day, Imogen has breakfast with Miss Broadwood, and they are joined by Arthur and his sons, who are to go off for the day so as not to unsettle the artists. Together, the two women wonder how Arthur can put up with his wife, why he ever married her; Miss Broadwood goes so far as to suggest she has no real sense of what art really is.

Later, back from a hike, Imogen and Arthur come upon the other artists, who seem agitated. They have been reading a satire on Flavia by M. Roux in a newspaper article; Arthur vows not to let his wife hear of it, lest it should hurt her feelings. At dinner, Flavia praises her slanderer, and Arthur lashes out about artists. Some of the artists decide to leave the next day. Flavia then argues with Imogen over Arthur's manners, although Imogen cannot tell her why he acted that way. She confides in Miss Broadwood that she is disheartened with Flavia; she shall leave the next day. Arthur takes her to the station.

Characters
Imogen Willard. She studies philology.
Flavia Malcolm, a patron of the arts. She is thirty-five years old. She is bossy and pretty, but somehow 'always ill at ease'.
Arthur Hamilton, Flavia's meek husband
M. Emile Roux, a French writer from Paris, who has written twelve novels. He later publishes a satirical article about Flavia.
Ivan Schemetzkin, a Russian pianist. He is small and fat.
Jules Martel, a painter.
Signor Donati, an Italian tenor. He is very small. He smokes cigarettes.
Professor Schotte, a scholar on Assyria.
Restzhoff, a Russian chemist.
Alcee Buisson, a philologist.
Frank Wellington, a novelist. He is from Kansas and went to Harvard. He has published three historical novels.
Will Maidenwood, the editor of Woman. He is convalescent.
Jemima Broadwood, Flavia's second cousin and a stage actress.Fray Lichtenfeld', a German writer.

Allusions to other works
Arthur is said to have read Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland and Jabberwocky, as well as Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid out to Imogen when she was a child.
Flavia mentions Elizabeth Barrett Browning, George Eliot, and George Sand when she asks M. Roux about intellectual women.
Schemetzkin plays some Chopin after the first dinner.
Music is also mentioned by Arthur, with Erlking.
Miss Broadwood compares the children's dialogue to something out of Maurice Maeterlinck.
Flavia is said to have garnered information from others about the Barbizon school and Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler.
Flavia compares her husband to Banquo, from William Shakespeare's play Macbeth.

Allusions to actual history
M. Roux compares himself to Jaufré Rudel in his quest for an intellectual woman.
Imogen compares the household she leaves at the end to Caius Marius and the ruins of Carthage.

Literary significance and criticism
The ending of Flavia and Her Artists foreshadows The Way of the World'', with the reference to Caius Marius and the ruins of Carthage.

References

External links
Full Text found in The Troll Garden  at the Willa Cather Archive

1905 short stories
Short stories by Willa Cather


My Time is the fifth album by Boz Scaggs, released by Columbia Records in September 1972. "Dinah Flo" was the only single released from the album.

Track listing
All songs written by Boz Scaggs unless noted.

Side One
   "Dinah Flo" - 3:03
   "Slowly in the West" (David Brown) - 3:56
   "Full-Lock Power Slide" - 3:09
   "Old Time Lovin' " (Al Green) - 2:52
   "Might Have to Cry" - 4:03

Side Two
   "Hello My Lover" (Allen Toussaint) - 3:23
   "Freedom for the Stallion" (Allen Toussaint) - 2:32
   "He's a Fool for You" - 3:46
   "We're Gonna Roll" - 2:52
   "My Time" - 2:56

Production

Tracks 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 & 10
 Produced by Boz Scaggs
 Recorded at Muscle Shoals Sound Studios, Sheffield, Alabama.

Tracks 3, 4, 7 & 9
 Produced by Roy Halee and Boz Scaggs
 Recorded at CBS Studios, San Francisco, CA.

Other Credits
 Graphics – Anne Garner
 Photography – Ethan A. Russell

Personnel

Tracks 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 & 10
 Boz Scaggs – vocals, electric guitar
 Pete Carr – electric guitar
 Jimmy Johnson – electric guitar
 Eddie Hinton – acoustic guitar
 Barry Beckett – acoustic piano
 Clayton Ivey – organ, keyboards
 David Hood – bass guitar
 Roger Hawkins – drums
 Charles Chalmers – saxophone, backing vocals
 Sandra Chalmers – backing vocals
 Donna Rhodes – backing vocals

Horns performed by Muscle Shoals Horns

Tracks 3, 4, 7 & 9
 Boz Scaggs – vocals, electric guitar
 Joachim Young – keyboards
 David Brown – bass guitar
 George Rains – drums
 Dorothy Morrison – backing vocals
 Linda Tillery – backing vocals

Horns on "Stallion" and "Old Time Lovin'" by Bob Ferreira, Tom Harrell, Mel Martin and Jim Rothermel. Horns on "We're Gonna Roll" by Jack Scherer and Jules Broussard.

References

External links
My Time lyrics

1972 albums
Boz Scaggs albums
Albums produced by Roy Halee
Columbia Records albums
Albums produced by Boz Scaggs
Albums recorded at Muscle Shoals Sound Studio

tr:My Time


South Black Rock is a small island with an area of <1 ha, in Bass Strait, south-eastern Australia.  It is part of Tasmania’s Hunter Island Group which lies between north-west Tasmania and King Island.

Fauna
Breeding seabird and shorebird species include fairy prion, common diving-petrel, Pacific gull and black-faced cormorant.

References

Islands of Tasmania


Brownberry may refer to:

 Brownberry (bakery), old fashioned bakery now owned by Bimbo Bakeries USA.
 Brownberry, a wolfrider in the science fiction/fantasy comic book series Elfquest.
 Brownberry Farm, one of the Ancient Tenements on Dartmoor, England.
 Brown berry, a rare tomato cultivar.


Child's Play (stylized as Child'ƨ Play) is an American rock band from Baltimore, Maryland. The group was formed in 1983 with Larry Hinshaw on vocals, Brian Jack on guitar, Phil Wiser on bass, Jimmy Shafer on guitar, and Chad Channing (later Steve Albinak) on drums. The group later replaced Steve Albinak with John Allen on drums and added Nicky Kay as another guitar player, with this lineup recording their first EP, Ruff House, in 1986.

The band's lineup changed in 1987, with the addition of Idzi on bass and Brian Jack now performing vocals. They signed to Chrysalis Records in 1989. Their major label debut album, Rat Race, produced by Howard Benson, was released the following year on June 26. In 1990/91 they toured the United States, Co-Headlining  with Cold Sweat.

On April 17, 2012,  Brian Jack died. A memorial page on Facebook was started to honor him.

Band members
Current Members
Larry "L.H." Hinshaw – lead vocals (1983–1988, 2013, 2015, 2022, 2023-present)
Phil Wiser – bass guitar, backing vocals (1983–1987, 2023); rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2022, 2023-present),
John Allen – drums, backing and lead vocals (1984–1995, 2003–2005, 2011–2012, 2013, 2015, 2022, 2023-present)
Nicky Kay – lead and rhythm guitar, backing vocals (1984–1995, 2003–2005, 2011–2012, 2013, 2015, 2022, 2023-present)
Idzi – bass guitar, backing vocals (1987–1995, 2003–2005, 2011–2012, 2013, 2015, 2022, 2023-present)
Jason Heiser - drums, backing vocals (2022, 2023-present)

Former Members
Brian Jack – lead and rhythm guitar, backing vocals (1983–1988); lead vocals, lead and rhythm guitar (1988–1991, 2003–2005, 2011–2012)
Jimmy Shafer – lead and rhythm guitar (1983–1984)
Chad Channing – drums (1983)
Steve Albinak – drums (1983–1984)
Ty Crook - lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1991–1992)
Tommy McRae – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1993–1995)

Timeline

Discography

Extended plays
Ruff House (1986)

Studio albums
Rat Race (1990)
Long Way (1993)

See also
List of glam metal bands and artists

References

External links
 Official Site (archive)
MusicMight site
R.I.P. Brian Jack Memorial Page on Facebook

1983 establishments in Maryland
1995 disestablishments in Maryland
Glam metal musical groups from Maryland
Hard rock musical groups from Maryland
Heavy metal musical groups from Maryland
Musical groups established in 1983
Musical groups disestablished in 1995


Rallye Sanremo is a rally competition held in Sanremo, Italy. Except for the 1995 event, the event was part of the FIA World Rally Championship schedule from the 1973 season to the 2003 season. It was a round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge and is currently a round of the Italian national rally championship.

History

The first "Rallye Internazionale di Sanremo" was held in 1928. The rally name's French word "rallye", as opposed to Italian "rally", was inspired by Rallye Automobile Monte Carlo. After another successful rally in 1929, the event was given to new organisers who decided to set up a street race through the town of Sanremo instead. The first one, 1° Circuito Automobilistico Sanremo, was held in 1937 and won by Achille Varzi. Rallye Sanremo was restarted in 1961 as Rallye dei Fiori ("Rally of the Flowers") and has been held every year since.

From 1970 to 1972, Rallye Sanremo was part of the International Championship for Manufacturers. From 1973 to 2003, the rally was on the World Rally Championship schedule, except for 1995 when the event was only part of the FIA 2-Litre World Championship for Manufacturers. The rally became the centre of controversy in 1986 after the stewards disqualified the factory Peugeot team at the end of the third day for using illegal side skirts, handing the victory to Lancia. Peugeot had used the same configuration in earlier rallies without any scrutineering problems and had also passed pre-rally scrutineering. Peugeot appealed but the organisers did not allow the team to continue the rally. FIA later confirmed that the exclusion had been illegal as the Peugeot cars were legal, and decided to annul the results of the whole event.

Rallye Sanremo was originally a mixed surface event (tarmac and gravel) but from 1997 on it was organised as an all-tarmac rally. After being dropped from the WRC schedule (in favor of Rally di Sardegna in 2004), Rallye Sanremo has been part of the Italian Rally Championship. Since 2006, it has also been a round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge. In 2015 the organizers and FIA decided to include Rallye Femminile Perla di Sanremo (from 1952 to 1956) as a part of Rallye Sanremo. The purpose for this decision was to honor Women's Italian Rally Series driven in Sanremo in the 1950s. Due to these changes 57° Rallye Sanremo in 2015 turned into 62° Rallye Sanremo and will continue with this numbering system.

Winners

 FIA later annulled the results of the 1986 event.
 In 2015 the organizers and FIA included Rallye Femminile Perla (from 1952 to 1956) di Sanremo as a part of Rallye Sanremo and changed the numbering system from 57° to 62°.

Multiple winners

References

External links
 Official website
 Rallye Sanremo at eWRC-results

Sport in Liguria
Sanremo
Sanremo
Recurring sporting events established in 1928
Sanremo
1928 establishments in Italy


The Harmony Historic District encompasses the first early 19th century settlement of the Harmony Society, in what is now Harmony, Butler County, Pennsylvania, USA.  It covers an area two blocks wide, extending north from German Road to Conoquenessing Creek between Liberty and Wood Streets.  The area retains a number of buildings dating to the original settlement period, and was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1974.

Description and history
The Harmony Society was founded in what is now Germany in 1785 by Johann Georg Rapp.  Meeting with opposition from the dominant Lutheran Church, Rapp and his followers emigrated to North America, and purchased the land in Butler County where the community of 200 families founded Harmony in 1805.  The utopian community was run as a communist theocracy, with Rapp and later his son as its leading figure.  The Harmonist community was successful, growing to about 700 by 1814, when Rapp's son Frederick established a new settlement in the Indiana Territory, now New Harmony, Indiana.  They eventually moved back to Pennsylvania, settling Economy in 1825, and died out as an organization in 1905.

The surviving elements of the early Harmonist settlement include a grid of streets in the heart of the modern town of Harmony, and a number of primarily brick buildings in that area.  The district includes ten contributing buildings and one contributing site.  Principal among these are the George Rapp House, Great House or Bentle Building (c. 1811), Langenbacher House (c. 1805), Harmonist Church (1808), The "Stohr," Beam Hotel, Frederick Rapp House, Schmitt House, Jacob Neff House (c.1807), Schreiber House, Wagner House, and Mueller House.  The original Harmonist Cemetery contains the unmarked graves of 100 early Harmonists.

See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places listings in Butler County, Pennsylvania

References

External links

Harmony Museum, in the Great House

National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Geography of Butler County, Pennsylvania
Museums in Butler County, Pennsylvania
History museums in Pennsylvania
Religious museums in Pennsylvania
1804 establishments in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Butler County, Pennsylvania


The Mother Canada monument, officially the Never Forgotten National Memorial, was a war memorial planned to be built in Cape Breton Highlands National Park, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. A memorial to Canadian Armed Forces overseas casualties, especially those of World War I, it was intended as a transatlantic complement to the Canadian National Vimy Memorial in France. After considerable controversy surrounding its location, the project was cancelled in 2016.

Overview

The $25 million project was to include a 24-metre statue of a bereft mother, her hands outstretched towards Europe and the Canada Bereft monument at the Vimy Memorial.

The monument site would have included an interpretive centre, a restaurant, and a souvenir shop, among other amenities. It was to be funded through donations collected by the Never Forgotten National Memorial Foundation, headed by Toronto businessman Tony Patrick Trigiani. The project had been conceived by Trigiani after he visited a Canadian World War I cemetery in Europe.

Controversy

Opinions on the monument were divided. Supporting petitions from New Waterford, Dominion, Glace Bay, Iona, Sydney, Ingonish, and Hants County, as well as Grand Prairie, Alberta and Central Ontario, were presented to Parliament by MP Mark Eyking on January 28, 2016.

Significant controversy focused on the monument's location, Green Cove, a pink granite formation along the Cabot Trail. Cape Breton locals protested the planned location, arguing constructing the memorial at Green Cove would destroy the natural landscape and hinder public access to the sea along the trail. They also argued that the decision to build a war memorial at Green Cove did not make sense, as the area lacks military significance. The Globe and Mail criticized the monument, calling it "hubristic, ugly and just plain wrong".

Major-General Lewis MacKenzie defended the proposed location, arguing that the Cape Breton Highlands was one of the last sightings of Canada soldiers saw as they left for deployment, justifying the monument's location along the coast of Cape Breton. Lt. Col. Ferguson Mobbs of the Bradford Branch of the Royal Canadian Legion in Ontario also defended the monument, commenting that its location at the Green Cove was "what was the easternmost point of Canada in 1914, before Newfoundland joined confederation, in a direct line with Vimy Ridge".

The project was approved by the Conservative Government of Canada, which donated $100,000 to the memorial foundation. Following the Liberal victory in the 2015 election, the monument was placed under review by Parks Canada and eventually canceled in February 2016.

References

External links
Never Forgotten National Memorial Foundation

Canadian military memorials and cemeteries
Political controversies in Canada
Monuments and memorials in Nova Scotia
Proposed monuments and memorials
Unbuilt buildings and structures in Canada


The Class of 1923 Arena is the skating rink of the University of Pennsylvania.

In 1968, alumni from the Class of 1923 formed the group "Friends of Pennsylvania Hockey," led by Howard Butcher, III. Butcher himself donated over $3 million for the creation of the facility, and along with John Cleveland and Bill R. Wise, organized the largest class donation in the history of the university. The arena was named after the class to commemorate its generosity.

The arena is located in the eastern part of Penn's campus in the University City section of Philadelphia. It can seat nearly 3,000 people. The building, designed by Robert C. McMillian Associates, was constructed primarily of poured concrete and is supported by four 22-foot concrete columns. The lower concourse includes locker rooms for the university's teams, food services, and the "Quaker Room", which overlooks the rink. The ice surface itself measures 85' × 200' and totals . The upper concourse includes restrooms and old concession stands that are no longer in use, with entrances on Walnut Street.

The Class of 1923 Arena is the second-largest collegiate hockey venue in Pennsylvania, after Penn State's Pegula Ice Arena.

While best known for the skating rink that is in the arena during the regular hockey season (September to March), throughout the rest of the year the ice is removed and the arena is used for other events, such as Wharton's Fight Night or Roller Derby.

The arena has hosted a variety of teams. In ice hockey, it most notably hosted the Penn varsity men's team from the arena's opening until the school dropped varsity hockey after the 1977–78 season, and has hosted the school's club-level men's and women's teams ever since. It has also hosted club hockey teams from other Philadelphia-area schools, and has hosted practices and exhibition games for the Philadelphia Flyers. In roller hockey, it has hosted the Philadelphia Bulldogs professional team. The arena also regularly hosts teams from the National Hockey League, when the teams don't have time to travel home for their regular morning skate. The arena is the home of the Philadelphia Fiesta Ice Hockey Club (a.k.a. The Saturday Morning Game), a men's travel tournament team who were the CanAm Cup (Montreal) gold medal champions in 2001, 2003 and 2005.

Prince and The Revolution performed a concert on November 24, 1982, during the "1999" tour. The opening acts included Vanity 6 and The Time.

In 2016, the arena was home to the Philadelphia Yellow Jackets of American Indoor Football. However, on May 11, 2016, the university voided their contract with the Yellow Jackets due to a lack of payment. This led to the cancellation of the Yellow Jackets' last three home games.

References

External links
Class of 1923 Arena official website

College ice hockey venues in the United States
Indoor ice hockey venues in Pennsylvania
Penn Quakers
Sports venues in Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania campus
1972 establishments in Pennsylvania
Sports venues completed in 1972
Indoor arenas in Pennsylvania


The Atlantic Marine Ecozone, as defined by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), is a Canadian marine ecozone that stretches from the Davis Strait to encompass the Grand Banks, to the Avalon Peninsula on the shores of Newfoundland. It includes all of the southern coast of Newfoundland, all the eastern coast of Nova Scotia, and portions of the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf of Maine.

Geography
Most of the waters in this zone are thousands of metres deep, with the exception of the Grand Banks, which average about 150 metres before the sea floor drops precipitously beyond the continental shelf.

Climate
Exceptionally dense fog is common where the cold Labrador Current merges with the warm Gulf Stream. By late winter, thick icebergs traverse the northern regions of this ecozone, from Greenland to Newfoundland. They have been feared by mariners for centuries, as well as being responsible for one of the deadliest disasters in maritime history, the sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912. This resulted in the zone's colloquial name "Iceberg Alley". Tidal ranges throughout the zone are moderate, typically a few metres. The exception is the Bay of Fundy, whose famous tides may top 15 metres.

Surface water temperatures in August may reach 10 °C in the north, and up to 23 °C in the south.

In spring, phytoplankton biomass increases significantly, becoming a rich source of food within the ecozone.

Fishing

The waters of this zone have been overfished, and in 1992 the Government of Canada banned cod fishing, though there are no restrictions on other species. Shellfish species, including lobster, shrimp, and crab, have become an increasing component of the fishing industry, which has been in decline.

Oil extraction
Since the late 1990s, the Hibernia oil field has become an important economic resource for Newfoundland and Labrador, and the Terra Nova oil field is increasingly important to Nova Scotia. Further oil and gas exploration is being conducted on the Scotian Shelf.

References

Ecozones of Canada
Ecozones and ecoregions of Newfoundland and Labrador
Ecozones and ecoregions of Nova Scotia
Atlantic Canada