The 2008 Clemson Tigers football team represented Clemson University in the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season.  The Tigers were led by head coach Tommy Bowden, who resigned six games into his tenth season. The interim head coach was assistant coach Dabo Swinney. The Tigers play their home games in Memorial Stadium.

Before the season

Preseason outlook
Clemson came into the 2008 season with great promise. In 2007 the team had finished second in the ACC Atlantic Division with a 9–3 record, earning them a trip to the Chick-Fil-A Bowl. Clemson's 2008 team had experience at the skill positions, headlined by senior quarterback Cullen Harper. As a junior Harper broke 28 school records, passing for 3,000 yards and throwing 27 touchdowns and just 6 interceptions. At the running back position, Clemson platooned senior James Davis and junior C. J. Spiller. Davis was a fast back who ran hard and with power. Spiller was a shifty, elusive back with speed and good hands. Clemson fans nicknamed the pair "thunder and lightning." In addition to these offensive threats, Clemson fifth-year senior Aaron Kelly was a big target at receiver and had sure hands. The Tigers' main area of concern was on the offensive line, which had to be rebuilt with young players. There were also concerns defensively at the linebacker position, which had been thinned by graduation and off-field issues.

With Clemson returning the ACC's number 1 passer (Harper), number 1 runner (Davis) and number 1 wide receiver (Kelly), the team was tabbed as the preseason favorite to win the ACC, and was ranked 9th in both the AP and ESPN/USA Today preseason polls. In addition, Harper was the preseason favorite to be the ACC's Player of the Year.

Incoming recruiting class
Spencer Benton (K; Myrtle Beach, SC; Myrtle Beach HS), DaQuan Bowers (DE; Bamberg, SC; Bamberg-Ehrhardt HS), Stanley Hunter (LB; Duncan, SC; James F. Brynes HS), Marquan Jones (WR; Blythewood, SC; Blythewood HS), Kyle Parker (QB; Jacksonville, FL; Bartram Trail HS), Tarik Rollins (LB; Jacksonville, FL; Chaminade Madonna College Prep), Jon Richt (QB; Athens, GA; Prince Avenue Christian), Dawson Zimmerman (K; Snellville, GA; Brookwood HS), Spencer Adams (S; Matthews, NC; David W. Butler HS), Andre Ellington (RB; Moncks Corner, SC; Berkeley HS), Dalton Freeman (OL; Pelion, SC; Pelion HS), Brandon Thompson (DT; Thomasville, GA; Thomasville HS), Daniel Andrews (S; Jacksonville, FL; Trinity Christian Academy), Jaron Brown (WR; Cheraw, SC; Cheraw HS), Carlton Lewis Jr. (S; St. Augustine, FL; St. Augustine HS), Jarred Crittenton (DE; Wahpeton, ND; North Dakota State College of Science), Matt Sanders (OL; Crestview, FL; Crestview HS), Kenneth Page (OL; Columbia, SC; A.C. Flora HS), Xavier Brewer (CB; Jacksonville, FL; Bartram Trail HS); Dwayne Allen (TE; Fayetteville, NC; Terry Sanford HS); Rashard Hall (S; St. Augustine, FL; St. Augustine HS), Brandon Ford (WR; Hanahan, SC; Hanahan HS); Matt Skinner (ATH; Jacksonville, FL; The Bolles School), Jonathan Willard (LB; Loris, SC; Loris HS), Antoine McClain (OL; Anniston, AL; Anniston HS), Jamie Harper (RB; Jacksonville, FL; Trinity Christian Academy)

Transfers & departures
Philip Merling (DE, Junior) – NFL Draft
Antonio Clay (LB, Junior) – withdrew from classes
Ray Ray McElrathbey (RB-WR-DB, RS Sophomore) – scholarship not renewed, transferred to Howard University
Cortney Vincent (LB, RS Junior) – dismissed from team
Jeff Orgen (WR, RS Freshman) – transfer
Brian Linthicum (TE, Sophomore) – transferred to Michigan State

Schedule

Depth chart

Game summaries

Alabama (played in Atlanta, Georgia)

The Tigers were the preseason favorite to win the ACC and were favored going into the season opener at the Georgia Dome. Some believed that the Crimson Tide's youth and inexperience would prove a serious disadvantage against an experienced team like Clemson. However, Alabama quickly took control in what would eventually be a lopsided victory. By the end of the first quarter, Bama led 13–0, and they extended their lead to 23–3 by halftime. The only scare came when C. J. Spiller returned the second half kickoff 96 yards for a touchdown. However, the Tigers failed to score again. James Davis and C. J. Spiller combined for only 20 yards on the ground, while the team's rushing total was 0. Clemson's redshirt senior quarterback, Cullen Harper, completed 20 of 34 passes but had no touchdowns and one interception. Alabama's John Parker Wilson completed 22 of 30 passes with no interceptions. He threw two touchdowns to Nick Walker and Julio Jones, and rushed for one himself. The Crimson Tide went on to win by a score of 34–10.

The Citadel

Running back C. J. Spiller fumbled on Clemson's first drive and the Tigers turned the ball over on downs on their second drive. The Citadel was able to proficiently move the ball through the air, although they were unable to capitalize on their opportunities.

It was the secondary and Michael Hamlin in particular that kept The Citadel from getting back into the game after the Tigers went up 21–0 on two touchdown runs by C. J. Spiller and a TD run by James Davis.

With Clemson leading 21–7 late in the first half, The Citadel scored on a 41-yard pass from Bart Blanchard to Andre Roberts. Then the Bulldogs were in position to score again after they forced Clemson to punt. A touchdown that would have brought the Bulldogs within a score going into halftime was prevented when Hamlin intercepted a Blanchard pass.

On the fourth play of the second half Hamlin intercepted Blanchard again and returned the ball to the Citadel 19-yard line. A Tyler Grisham fumble kept Clemson from scoring, but on Clemson's next drive Spiller scored on a 17-yard TD run to put Clemson safely up 28–7.

Hamlin's third interception came on The Citadel's next drive. He stole the ball at the Bulldog 37 and returned it to the 25. On the next play, Cullen Harper hit tight end Michael Palmer down the right sideline for a touchdown.

Harper completed 14 of 18 passes for 192 yards. While The Citadel held the ball seven more minutes than the Tigers, Harper's efficiency allowed Clemson to easily put away the Bulldogs.

Davis finished with 107 yards and Spiller had 75 yards rushing to aid the offense.

N.C. State

The annual renewal of the "Textile Bowl" between the Clemson Tigers and N.C. State Wolfpack got off to a rocky start for the Tigers.  On the first play of the game, Nate Irving intercepted a Cullen Harper pass and returned it 33 yards for a touchdown, putting the Wolfpack up 6–0. The Tigers responded by blocking the PAT.  The next offensive series, the Tigers started on their own 24 and drove the length of the field, capping the drive with a 16-yard touchdown pass from Harper to Jacoby Ford.  A 30-yard run by Ford on a reverse also highlighted the drive.  The Mark Buchholz PAT put Clemson up 7–6.

The next three drives saw the Tigers and Wolfpack trade punts. With 13:51 left in the 2nd quarter, Clemson began its next scoring drive from its own 33. A 28-yard reception by Jacoby Ford highlighted the drive, with rushes by James Davis, C. J. Spiller, and Cullen Harper helping to aid the drive. With 4th and 2 on the N.C. State 5-yard line, Buchholz came on for a 22-yard field goal to put the Tigers up 10–6.  After the next N.C. State drive stalled, Clemson got the ball back on their own 41-yard line.  Clemson scored after two passes from Cullen Harper – the first a 31-yard strike to Aaron Kelly, and the second a 28-yard touchdown pass to C. J. Spiller.  The PAT put Clemson ahead 17–6.

N.C. State got back on the board late in the third quarter with a 25-yard field goal by Josh Czajkowski to close the gap to 17–9.  Clemson started the next drive on the N.C. State 47 and drove it down to the 13, but the drive stalled after an apparent touchdown run by Spiller was negated by a holding penalty. Buchholz kicked a 31-yard field goal to increase the lead to 20–9.  N.C. State's next drive resulted in their first turnover of the game, when Crezdon Butler intercepted a pass at the Clemson 4-yard line.  The Tigers then sealed the game with a 13-play drive that consumed 7:01 of the clock, capping the drive with a 12-yard touchdown run by Spiller.  That would be the final score of the game, as the Tigers prevailed 27–9 and extended their current win streak in the series to five.  The last efforts by the Wolfpack to close the gap were snuffed out by an interception by Chris Chancellor.

The Tigers gained 426 yards of total offense.  Cullen Harper was 20–28 for 262 yards and 2 touchdowns and 1 interception.  C. J. Spiller had a great day as a dual threat, finishing with 61 rushing yards, 35 receiving yards, and 2 touchdowns.  Jacoby Ford lead all receivers with 106 receiving yards and a touchdown, in addition to 48 rushing yards.  The Tigers defense held the Wolfpack to 288 yards on offense, no offensive touchdowns, and recorded two interceptions.

S.C. State

The first ever meeting between the Clemson Tigers and S.C. State Bulldogs turned into a lopsided contest, as the Tigers defeated their second FCS team on the season to improve to 3–1.  The Tigers received the opening kickoff and struck first on a 68-yard drive capped off by a 1-yard touchdown run by James Davis.  S.C. State was unable to respond on any of its two possessions in the first quarter, as they ended in a punt and missed field goal.  Clemson, meanwhile, had its next two drives end in interceptions from Cullen Harper.

The Tigers broke the game open in the second quarter.  Chris Chancellor intercepted an S.C. State pass early in the quarter.  On the next possession, Davis and C. J. Spiller spearheaded the offensive attack, which ended in Davis' second touchdown of the day.  The Tigers defense would cut the Bulldogs' next drive short with an interception by Crezdon Butler.  Davis would score his third touchdown of the day on the next drive.  A safety and a 1-yard touchdown plunge by Cullen Harper would give the Tigers a 30–0 halftime lead.

S.C. State received the ball to start the third quarter, but it was the Tigers who opened up scoring as Chris Clemons picked off a Bulldog pass and returned it for a touchdown.  The next three drives saw two Bulldog drives and a Tigers drive stall.  Clemson got back on the scoreboard with a Mark Buchholz field goal.  Clemson began placing reserves in on offense late in the third quarter.  Early in the fourth quarter, the Tigers scored their fifth rushing touchdown of the day on a one-yard run by backup quarterback Willy Korn.  Korn would later throw the Tigers' first passing touchdown of the day on a five-yard passes to tight end Michael Palmer.  The defense recorded its fourth turnover of the day when Brandon Thompson recovered an S.C. State fumble.  The Tigers then ran out the clock, giving them a 52–0 victory.

Cullen Harper completed 14 of 23 passes for 152 yards with no touchdowns and two interceptions. Willy Korn went 7–7 for 73 yards and a touchdown. James Davis led the Tigers' rushing attack with 93 yards and 3 touchdowns.  Tyler Grisham led the receiving corps with 41 reception yards on 3 receptions.  C. J. Spiller had 105 all-purpose yards on the day (66 rushing, 39 punt return). Overall, the Tigers' offense compiled 432 yards of total offense (225 passing, 207 rushing) and 31 first downs.  The defense held the Bulldogs to 149 yards of total offense and eight first downs, while compiling four turnovers on the day.

Maryland

Clemson firmly held the momentum of the game for the first half, with their running backs able to exploit holes in the Terps' defensive line. Clemson racked up two touchdowns and a field goal. Despite gaining excellent field position through recovering a fumbled punt on the Clemson 19-yard line and a recovered fumble on the Clemson 30-yard line, Maryland was able to produce just two field goals from those turnovers. The Terrapins drives were also blunted through penalties for two false starts and a holding call.

In the second half, the Terrapins began with a series that fizzled out after a run attempt for a loss, an additional false start, and two incomplete passes. However, the Terrapins defense took the field and stopped a Clemson drive, allowing the Maryland offense another chance. On the first play of their second series, wide receiver Darrius Heyward-Bey executed a reverse, gaining 76 yards before being run down at the Clemson 4-yard line. This set up a short Chris Turner touchdown pass to receiver Torrey Smith, and irreversibly shifted the game's momentum in favor of the Terps. In the fourth quarter, three completions to Danny Oquendo set the stage for a one-yard rush into the end zone by Da'rel Scott. The Maryland defense remained stalwart, allowing Clemson just 31 rushing yards and no points in the second half, compared with 204 yards on the ground and 17 points in the first.

The upset marked the fourth consecutive Maryland win against a ranked opponent (the others: #23 Cal, and, in the 2007 season, #8 Boston College and #10 Rutgers). It is also the fourth consecutive time that the visiting team has won the Maryland-Clemson series.

@ Wake Forest

Riley Skinner's 7-yard touchdown pass to DJ Boldin with 5:28 to go gave the Deacons a 12–7 win against Clemson.  In a defensive battle, the Deacons' defense managed to hold Clemson to less than one yard per carry.  Wake Forest dominated the game statistically but were unable to capitalize on several scoring chances.  The sole turnover in the game was a Cullen Harper pass intercepted by Alphonso Smith, who tied a school record with his 17th career interception.  Riley Skinner also threw for 186 yards and a touchdown on 22-of-34 passing, and also added 73 yards on the ground.

Georgia Tech

On October 13, Clemson head coach Tommy Bowden resigned and was replaced by receivers coach Dabo Swinney.  Tech's defense controlled the ebb and flow of the game forcing six turnovers, which included four interceptions and two fumble recoveries.  Safety Dominique Reese returned an intercepted pass from wide receiver Tyler Grisham for Tech's first touchdown.  Morgan Burnett added two additional interceptions, the final in the last second of the game.  Offensively, Tech continued to produce with its ground game against the Tigers racking up 207 yards rushing.  Josh Nesbitt ran untouched for 5 yards for Tech's second score and passed 24 yards to Demaryius Thomas for Tech's go ahead and eventual game winning score.  Tech is 6–1 for the first time since 1999.

@ Boston College

On October 27, it was announced that the Boston College Gridiron Club will be sponsoring the O'Rourke–McFadden Trophy and will be awarded to the winner of the Boston College-Clemson game on November 1.  The trophy is named after Charlie O'Rourke and Banks McFadden, who were the respective quarterbacks for Boston College and Clemson during the 1940 Cotton Bowl (the 1st meeting between the Eagles and Tigers).

Clemson captured the O'Rourke–McFadden Trophy and its first victory over the Eagles since 1958 (and first win since Boston College joined the ACC) with a 27–21 victory.  After the Eagles received the opening kickoff, both teams traded possessions.  After Steve Aponavicius missed a 31-yard field goal, the Tigers took over on their own 20-yard line.  C. J. Spiller broke a 56-yard run that drove the Tigers into BC territory, and James Davis capped the drive with a 24-yard touchdown run to put the Tigers up 7–0.  Later in the 1st quarter, Brandon Maye recovered a fumble to give the Tigers the ball back on their own 30-yard line.  Cullen Harper connected with a 23-yard reception to Tyler Grisham and a 45-yard reception to C. J. Spiller to get to the Eagles 2-yard line.  Harper then capped the drive with a 2-yard run to increase the lead to 14–0.  After trading possessions again for the remainder of the 1st quarter and part of the second, Clemson started their next scoring drive with 8:12 left in the 2nd quarter.  Driving from their own 20, the Tigers made their way to the Eagles 10-yard line before having to settle for a Mark Buchholz field goal to increase the lead to 17–0.

Boston College mounted a comeback in the second half, sparked by a McLaughlin interception of Harper to set up the Eagles at the Tigers 7-yard line.  Josh Haden would punch the ball in from 1 yard out to make the score 17–7.  Early in the 4th quarter, the Eagles would block a Jimmy Maners punt, which was returned by Roderick Rollins 20 yards for a touchdown to close the margin to 17–14.  After Davis intercepted another Harper pass to give the Eagles great field position, the Eagles would score on a 16-yard pass from Chris Crane to Brandon Robinson to take 21–17 lead.  However, Spiller would take ensuing kickoff 64 yards to set up the Tigers on the Eagles 15-yard line.  The Tigers would capitalize on the drive, completing the drive with a 4-yard touchdown pass from Harper to Aaron Kelly to take a 24–17 lead.  On the next drive, DeAndre McDaniel forced a fumble that was recovered by Daquan Bowers.  The Tigers would put away the game for good with a Buchholz field goal on the next possession.  The victory would give interim head coach Dabo Swinney his first win.

Offensively for the Tigers, Harper finished the game completing 21 of 33 passes for 252 yards, 1 touchdown, and 3 interceptions.  C. J. Spiller lead the Tigers in rushing (55 yards) and receiving (105 yards), while compiling 242 all-purpose yards for the entire game.  James Davis scored the 42nd rushing touchdown of his career, breaking the Tigers' all-time rushing touchdown record.  Aaron Kelly recorded his 19th career touchdown reception in the game, which gave him Clemson's record for career touchdown receptions.  Defensively, the Tigers held the Eagles to 236 yards and forced three fumbles (2 of which the Tigers recovered).

@ Florida State

In Swinney's third game as head coach Clemson faced a 6 – 2 Florida State team. Clemson got off to a fast start. Running back C.J. Spiller took a short pass from Cullen Harper and ran 44 yards to score, finishing off an 80-yard opening drive. Five minutes later the Tigers extended their lead to 10 - 0 off Mark Buchholz's 41-yard field goal.  Florida State's Graham Gano broke the scoring drought for the Seminoles by kicking a 52-yard field goal. On the next series an ill-advised pass from an under pressure Harper ended up in the hands of defensive end Neefy Moffett, who ran the ball back 18 yards to score. A second Gano field goal put Florida State up 13 - 10. A fumbled punt by Florida State's Tony Carter at the Seminole 9 yard line put Clemson in scoring position, and they regained the lead at 17 - 13 with an 8-yard touchdown pass from Harper to Michael Palmer. Florida State regained the lead with 1:25 left in the first-half on quarterback Christian Ponder's 1-yard run, putting Florida State in the lead 20 - 17 at the half.  On the opening drive of the second half Ponder hit wide receiver Corey Surrency on a 14-yard scoring pass, stretching their lead to 27 - 17. Florida State extended their lead on a 1-yard dive by running back Antone Smith in the fourth quarter to put the Seminoles up 34 – 20. Clemson closed the gap to 34 – 27 with 2:20 left on a 2-yard touchdown by Spiller. In the closing moments Smith broke free for a 41-yard touchdown run to secure the win and close out the scoring, 41 - 27.

Duke

The Tigers came into their homecoming game against the Duke Blue Devils in need of winning the last three games for bowl eligibility.  Clemson received the opening kickoff, but both teams ended up trading punts in the first four possessions of the game.  Duke's second possession of the game saw starting quarterback Thaddeus Lewis suffer a sprained ankle while trying to elude a Clemson defender, which knocked him out of the game and hampered the Blue Devils' offense for the remainder of the game.  On the Tigers' third offensive possession, James Davis had three consecutive rushes for 18 yards.  After a loss of three yards, Clemson faced 3rd and 10 on the Duke 48-yard line.  Cullen Harper completed a pass to Tyler Grisham, who turned it into a 19-yard gain.  On the following play, C. J. Spiller ran the ball 24 yards for the game's first touchdown.  After trading possession, which saw Duke having to punt twice and a Clemson drive stall on a missed 53-yard field goal, the Tigers took over again with 9:23 left in the second quarter.  In this possession, Clemson added to the lead with a 39-yard field goal by Mark Buchholz.  After the Tigers' defense forced the Blue Devil offense to go three and out, Clemson got the ball back around midfield.  After Cullen Harper completed several completions to Spiller, Jacoby Ford, and Aaron Kelly, the Tigers had the ball on the Duke 1-yard line.  James Davis then punched it in to give the Tigers a 17–0 halftime lead.

Duke received the opening kickoff, but the drive ended up stalling around midfield, forcing another punt.  Clemson's next drive proved to be very short, as Harper connected on a screen pass to Spiller, who raced 83 yards for his second touchdown of the day.  Michael Hamlin intercepted Duke's back-up quarterback Zach Asack on the next possession on the game's first turnover.  After a 15-yard reception to Ford and a 26-yard reception to Davis, the Tigers found themselves on the Blue Devil three-yard line.  Davis then scored his second touchdown of the day to give the Tigers a 31–0 lead.  Duke would finally score late in the fourth quarter on a 28-yard pass from Asack to Eron Riley to close the final gap to 31–7.  A late drive by Duke was cut short deep in Clemson territory by an interception by Coty Sensabaugh.

Offensively, the Tigers compiled 466 yards for the game (326 passing and 140 rushing), 25 first downs, and converted 6 of 16 third downs.  Cullen Harper completed 20 of 26 passes for 292 yards, 1 touchdown, and no interceptions.  C. J. Spiller lead the Tigers in rushing and receiving for the second time in three games, rushing for 71 yards and a touchdown, and 108 receiving yards and a touchdown.  James Davis had 43 rushing yards, 26 receiving yards, and two rushing touchdowns.  Aaron Kelly had 96 receiving yards on the day and broke the ACC reception record held by Desmond Clark with two back-to-back receptions late in the 4th quarter.  Defensively, the Tigers held the Blue Devils to 168 total yards (85 passing and 83 rushing), 2 of 14 on third down conversions, and forced two turnovers.  Clemson held the time of possession advantage, controlling the ball for 35:36 compared to Duke's 24:24 of possession.

@ Virginia

The Tigers kept their bowl hopes alive with a close 13–3 victory over the Virginia Cavaliers in Charlottesville.  With the victory, Clemson captured their first victory in Charlottesville since 2000 and improved the series record against the Cavaliers to 36–8–1.

Neither offense was able to generate much production, as the Tigers barely outgained the Cavaliers 192–190.  Cullen Harper completed 18 of 28 passes for 121 yards, no touchdowns, and no interceptions.  C. J. Spiller only had 57 all-purpose yards, but completed his 1st career touchdown pass in the first quarter, completing a 15-yard pass to Tyler Grisham for the game's only touchdown.  James Davis lead the Tigers with 65 rushing yards, while Jacoby Ford lead the receiving corps with six catches for 42 yards.  Mark Buchholz was 2–3 on field goals (good from 32 and 23 yards; missed from 58 yards) and connected on the game's only PAT attempt.  Clemson's defense forced four turnovers against the Cavaliers.  Michael Hamlin lead the defense with 8 total tackles, an interception, and a pass break up.  Crezdon Butler and DeAndre McDaniel also recorded interceptions, while Byron Maxwell forced a fumble that was recovered by Jock McKissic late in the first quarter.

South Carolina

Clemson's final game of the season was against in-state rival South Carolina from the SEC. The game was the 100th consecutive meeting for the two schools in what both referred to as the Palmetto Bowl.  At 6–5, Clemson was on the bubble to earn a bowl berth. Interim head coach Dabo Swinney had won three of his last four contests. If the team could defeat the 7–4 Gamecocks Clemson would reach a 7 win season and secure a bowl bid. In addition, many believed a win would secure Swinney as the team's new head coach.

The Tigers opened the game with a drive that reached the South Carolina 30 yard line before a shoulder pad on the ball forced a fumble from C.J. Spiller, and the ball was turned over to the Gamecocks. South Carolina's drive was stopped when Chris Chancellor intercepted a long pass from South Carolina quarterback Chris Smelley at the 15. Clemson then drove 85 yard to score the game's first touchdown. The drive was highlighted by a 39-yard run by C. J. Spiller, and capped off with a 1-yard plunge by James Davis. On the next South Carolina possession Clemson stopped the Gamecocks, then blocked their punt attempt to regain the ball deep in Gamecock territory. This led to a 22-yard field goal by Mark Buchholz to give Clemson a 10–0 lead. In the second quarter, Tigers safety Chris Clemons intercepted a tipped Smelley pass to get the ball back at midfield. Two plays later, Clemson quarterback Cullen Harper maintained balance while being tackled by a Gamecock defender to get the ball 20 yards downfield to receiver Jacoby Ford, who ran it 30 yards to reach the end zone and give the Tigers a 17–0 lead. On the Gamecock's next series a third first-half interception of Smelley, this time by safety Michael Hamlin, gave the Tigers the ball at the South Carolina 41-yard line. Davis capped the drive by running the ball in from 20 yards out to give the Tigers a 24–0 lead. South Carolina recovered a fumble by Harper late in the second quarter to give the Gamecocks the ball at the Clemson 33-yard line. Their short drive was capped with a 16-yard touchdown pass from Smelley to running back Patrick DiMarco to cut the Tigers' lead to 24–7 at the half.

The Gamecocks opened the second half with a 69-yard scoring drive, capped by a 23-yard touchdown pass from Smelley to tight end Weslye Saunders to close to within 24–14. However, after several possession changes Clemson countered with a 44-yard touchdown drive of their own, capped by Davis' third touchdown run of the day to push the lead to 31–14. In the fourth quarter, Chris Chancellor recorded his second interception of the day (and the defense's fourth against Gamecock quarterback Chris Smelley) to cut short a potential Gamecock scoring drive and leave the final margin at 31–14 in favor of the Tigers.

With the victory, the Tigers secured bowl eligibility and gave interim head coach Dabo Swinney his fourth win since taking over at mid-season following Tommy Bowden's resignation. Offensively, the Tigers finished the day with 383 yards of total offense. Cullen Harper completed 12 of 17 passes for 199 yards, 1 touchdown, and no interceptions. James Davis led Clemson's rushing attack with 91 yards and 3 touchdowns in his final game in Death Valley. Aaron Kelly led the Tigers' receivers with four catches for 76 yards. C. J. Spiller had 199 all-purpose yards (88 rushing, 35 receiving, and 76 kick/punt return yards).  Defensively, the Tigers held the Gamecocks' offense to 304 yards.  Clemson led in time of possession 32:47–27:13 and forced four turnovers compared to two by the Gamecocks.

Two days after the victory Clemson athletic director Terry Don Phillips removed Swinney's interim tag and made him the program's new head coach. The win was Clemson's second straight over South Carolina, extending their overall series lead against the Gamecocks to 65–37–4.

Nebraska, 2009 Gator Bowl

Nebraska defeated Clemson in a come-from-behind 26–21 finish at the 2009 Gator Bowl on January 1, 2009. The game remained in doubt until the very end, as Clemson marched from their own 23 to the Nebraska 10.  With 1st and goal to go and about two minutes remaining on the clock, Cullen Harper came up short, resulting in a 16-yard sack and three Clemson incompletions to seal the outcome of the game. The game was played only days after Head Coach Bo Pelini and Defensive Coordinator Carl Pelini returned from their father's funeral in Ohio.

Rankings

Statistics

Team

Scores by quarter

Offense

Rushing

Passing

Receiving

Defense

Special teams

Coaching staff
Dabo Swinney – Head Coach/Offensive Coordinator
Rob Spence  – Offensive Coordinator (Fired upon Dabo's naming as interim head coach)
Vic Koenning – Defensive Coordinator/Defensive Backs
Brad Scott – Assistant Head Coach/Offensive Line
David Blackwell – Recruiting Coordinator/Linebackers
Andre Powell – Running Backs
Billy Napier – Quarterbacks
Sharon Haithcock – Administrative Shanking/Linebackers
Chris Rumph – Defensive Line
Ron West – Outside Linebackers
Mike Dooley – Tight Ends/Defensive Video Graduate Assistant
Andy Ford – Defensive Graduate Assistant
Paul Hogan – Offensive Graduate Assistant
Willie Simmons – Offensive Video Graduate Assistant
Jeff Scott – Wide Receivers

References

Clemson
Clemson Tigers football seasons
Clemson Tigers football


Supraśl - is a river in east Poland in Podlaskie Voivodeship, a tributary of the Narew river (near Złotoria), with a length of 93,8 kilometres and the basin area of 1844,4 km2

Supraśl is the source of the drinking water for Białystok.

Tributaries
Słoja (r), Sokołda (r), Kamionka (l), Płoska (l), Pilnica (l), Czarna (r), Biała (l)

Cities and towns
 Michałowo
 Gródek
 Supraśl
 Wasilków

Rivers of Poland
Rivers of Podlaskie Voivodeship


North Stoneham is a settlement and ecclesiastical parish and former civil parish, now in the civil parish of Eastleigh Town, in the Tastleigh district, in south Hampshire, England. It is located in between Eastleigh and Southampton . It was formerly an ancient estate and manor. Until the nineteenth century, it was a rural community comprising a number of scattered hamlets, including Middle Stoneham, North End, and Bassett Green, and characterised by large areas of woodland. The former 1,000-acre North Stoneham Park  was redesigned by Capability Brown in the eighteenth century, and was one of the largest ornamental parklands in Hampshire.

History

For some centuries, the Willis Fleming family of North Stoneham Park were lords of the manor of North Stoneham, ( Eastleigh) and the principal landowners in the parish.  The estate was purchased by Sir Thomas Fleming in 1599 from Henry Wriothesley, a young Earl of Southampton who inherited the title and estate at the age of eight. Thomas Fleming  built a new house on the estate. In the second half of the 1770s the estate's gardens were redesigned by Capability Brown. From 1818 a new house was commissioned on the estate by John Willis Fleming to a design by Thomas Hopper. Work continued until 1844 when Fleming died. The house was demolished around 1940. The stables survived to become housing.

The church of St. Nicolas stands in Stoneham Lane, on the edge of the former park, while opposite is the former rectory, now an office complex.

The aviation pioneer, Edwin Moon, selected the flat field at North Stoneham Farm for his first flight in 1910, on what is now Southampton Airport.

The Stoneham War Shrine was built in 1917–18 in memory of thirty-six local men killed in World War I. The Shrine was restored in 2011.

North Stoneham and neighbouring  South Stoneham are together sometimes referred to as 'the Stonehams' but are situated in different modern-day local authority areas: North Stoneham is in the Borough of Eastleigh and South Stoneham is in the city of Southampton.

Development plans
In the early 1990s, Southampton Football Club considered building a 25,000-seat stadium in the area to replace their stadium in the city, The Dell. However, by 1999 the plan had been abandoned in favour of a 32,000-seat stadium, St Mary's in the St Mary's area of Southampton, which opened in 2001. Following consultation with residents across the borough, North Stoneham was chosen as the preferred site for a new housing development, plans for which were put to the council in 2015. As well as 1,100 new homes, the plans for the £70m scheme include a new primary school, nursery, community centre, care home, shops and play facilities, to be built on a 62-hectare area of the former North Stoneham Park estate, which was landscaped by Lancelot "Capability" Brown.

Civil parish
In 1931 the parish had a population of 700. On 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Eastleigh and Chilworth.

References

External links

 The Fleming Estate in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight.
 The Restoration of Stoneham War Shrine.
 Currie, C. K. (1992). North Stoneham Park: its origin and development. Retrieved on 2009-02-07.
 The Willis Fleming Historical Trust
 North Stoneham Park
 North Stoneham House
 The Parish of North Stoneham with Bassett

Villages in Hampshire
Former civil parishes in Hampshire
Borough of Eastleigh


Ghoul is an American thrash metal band from Oakland, California. Though the members' actual identities are meant to be concealed, it is known that some members or past members of Ghoul also play or have played in other bands such as Impaled, Dystopia, Wolves in the Throne Room, Exhumed, Phobia, Morbid Angel, Asunder and Morbosidad. Ghoul released their debut album in 2002 and have released five studio albums.

History
The masked members go by the stage names Cremator, Fermentor, Digestor, and Dissector. The band's lyrics describe a large cast of characters, including themselves. Much of the known information concerning the band comes from the "Curio Shop Owner" one of the many characters mentioned in their songs. They claim to be mutants that come from Creepsylvania. Ghoul was signed after self-releasing a demo. Their musical style is best described as a blend of thrash and grindcore with death metal vocals and lyrics. In 2008, Ghoul released a split 7-inch with Brody's Militia.

In November 2011, the band released their fourth album, Transmission Zero, and embarked on a North American tour opening for shock rockers Gwar. In early 2012, Ghoul once again toured the United States, opening for Gwar. In mid-2012, the band toured the U.S. on a headlining run, playing festivals such as Maryland Deathfest, Chaos in Tejas, and the third annual GWAR B-Q. The band teamed up with Cannabis Corpse for a brief tour of Europe in January/February 2013.

Members

Cremator (Ross Sewage) – vocals, bass (2003–present)
Digestor (Sean McGrath) – vocals, guitar (2001–present)
Dissector (Peter Svoboda) – vocals, guitar (2014–present)
Fermentor (Justin Ennis) – vocals, drums (2017–present)

Former members
Dr. X (Justin Green) – drums (2001)
Fermentor (Raul Varela) – drums (2001–2004)
Cremator (Andrew LaBarre) – guitars, bass, vocals (2001–2003)
Fermentor (Dino Sommese) – drums and vocals (2004–2013)
Dissector (Dan Randall) vocals, guitars (2004–2014)
Fermentor (Peژ Mon) drums (2013–2017)

Live crew/character performers
Scott Bryan
Peter "Pove" Povey
Scotty Heath
Tennessee Dave
Peter "Hmong the Living" Vang

Characters
Mr. Fang – The Curio Shoppe owner
The Swamp Hag – witch
The Mutant Mutilator – aka The Gore Boar
Killbot – Mark I and Mark II (with Walt Disney's brain)
The Ghoul Hunter
Kogar the Destructor
Baron Samedi
Constance Spoogeous – Death Humper – Holocaust survivor – Child Predator – Salvation Army Bell Ringer
The Grand Basilisk – The Cult Leader
Skuz – Crusty punk and owner of the dog Armpit
Kreeg – Motorcycle and surfing enthusiast, monster
Commandant Yanish Dobrunkum – Ruler of Creepsylvania
Bernard Fussbottom – Tech entrepreneur and inventor of the I-Eye Mark I

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums
We Came for the Dead!!! (2002, Razorback Records)
Maniaxe (2003, Razorback Records)
Splatterthrash (2006, Razorback Records) (reissue 2011, Tankcrimes)
Transmission Zero (2011, Tankcrimes)
Hang Ten (EP) (2014, Tankcrimes)
Dungeon Bastards (2016, Tankcrimes)

Live albums
Live In The Flesh (2021, Tankcrimes)

Compilation and split albums
We Came for the Dead & Maniaxe (2008, Tankcrimes)
Ghoul / Brody's Militia (2008, Rescued from Life Records)
Splatterhash (split with Cannabis Corpse, 2013, Tankcrimes)
Ill Bill / Ghoul (2018, Tankcrimes)

Demo
Ghoul's Night Out (2001, self-released demo)
"Graveyard Mosh"
"Ghoul"
"Rot Gut"
"Ghouls Night Out" (Misfits cover)

Single
"Kids in America" (2012, Tankcrimes; Kim Wilde cover)
"Nazi Smasher" (2020, Tankcrimes)

References

External links

Official website

Death metal musical groups from California
Thrash metal musical groups from California
Musical groups established in 2001
Musical quartets from California
Masked musicians
Bands with fictional stage personas


The 2010 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 2, 2010, in the middle of Democratic President Barack Obama's first term. Republicans ended unified Democratic control of Congress and the presidency by winning a majority in the House of Representatives and gained seats in the Senate despite Democrats holding Senate control.

Republicans gained seven seats in the Senate (including a special election held in January 2010) but failed to gain a majority in the chamber. In the House of Representatives, Republicans won a net gain of 63 seats, the largest shift in seats since the 1948 elections. In state elections, Republicans won a net gain of six gubernatorial seats and flipped control of twenty state legislative chambers, giving them a substantial advantage in the redistricting that occurred following the 2010 United States Census. The election was widely characterized as a "Republican wave" election.

The heavy Democratic losses in 2010 were mainly attributed to the passing of the Affordable Care Act along with a poor economic recovery from the Great Recession and large budget deficits. This marked the first election since 1858 that yielded a Republican-controlled House and a Democratic-controlled Senate. This configuration was also in place for most of the 107th Congress, but on account of Senator Jim Jeffords' party switch rather than the election results.

Issues
Candidates and voters in 2010 focused on national economic conditions and the economic policies of the Obama administration and congressional Democrats. Attention was paid to public anger over the Wall Street bailout signed into law by President George W. Bush in late 2008. Voters were also motivated for and against the sweeping reforms of the health care system enacted by Democrats in 2010, as well as concerns over tax rates and record deficits. At the time of the election, unemployment was over 9%, and had not declined significantly since Barack Obama had become President. Further eroding public trust in Congress were a series of scandals that saw Democratic Representatives Charlie Rangel and Maxine Waters, as well as Republican Senator John Ensign, all accused of unethical and/or illegal conduct in the months leading up to the 2010 election.

The fiscally-focused and quasi-libertarian Tea Party movement was a vocal force in mobilizing voters for Republican candidates nationwide. Their widespread exposure in the media contributed to the election's focus on economic, rather than social, issues. In the opinion of Fox News political analyst Dick Morris, a "fundamental change" occurred in which social issues did not dominate Republican activism in 2010, because "economic and fiscal issues prevail. The Tea Party has made the Republican Party safe for libertarians."

Immigration reform had become an important issue in 2010, particularly following the passage of Arizona Senate Bill 1070, officially known as the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act. The Act greatly enhanced the power of Arizona's law enforcement agencies to investigate the immigration status of suspected illegal immigrants and to enforce state and national immigration laws. The Act also required immigrants to carry their immigration documentation on their person at all times. Its passage by a Republican-led legislature and its subsequent and very public signing by Jan Brewer, the Republican Governor of Arizona, ignited protests across the Southwest and galvanized political opinion among both pro-immigration Latino groups and Tea Party activists, many of whom supported stronger measures to stem illegal immigration.

The passage of the controversial Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act also contributed to the low approval ratings of Congress, particularly Democrats, in the months leading up to the election. Many Republicans ran on a promise to repeal the law, and beat incumbent Democratic opponents who had voted in favor of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

Federal elections

Congressional elections

Senate elections

On January 19, 2010, a special election was also held for the Class I seat in Massachusetts, as a result of the death of incumbent Senator Ted Kennedy. Republican Scott Brown won the seat.

The 34 seats in the United States Senate Class III were up for election. In addition, the Class I/II seats held by appointed Senators Ted Kaufman of Delaware, Kirsten Gillibrand of New York, and Carte Goodwin of West Virginia were contested in special elections on the same day. Republicans picked up six seats, but Democrats retained a majority in the Senate.

House of Representatives elections

All 435 voting seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election. Additionally, elections were held to select the delegates for the District of Columbia and four of the five U.S. territories. The only seat in the House not up for election was that of the Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico, who serves a four-year term and faced election in 2012. Republicans won the nationwide popular vote for the House of Representatives by a margin of 6.8 points and picked up 63 seats, taking control of the chamber for the first time since the 2006 elections. This represented the largest single-election shift in House seats since the 1948 elections and the largest midterm election shift since the 1938 elections. The only seat Democrats flipped without unseating a Republican was Delaware's lone congressional seat, going to former Lt. Governor John Carney.

State elections

Gubernatorial elections

37 state and two territory United States governors were up for election. Republicans picked up a net of six state governorships; Democrats won control of five governorships previously controlled by Republicans, but Republicans took 11 governorships.

Other statewide elections
In many states where the following positions are elected offices, voters elected state executive branch offices (including Lieutenant Governors (though some will be voted for on the same ticket as the gubernatorial nominee), Secretary of state, state Treasurer, state Auditor, state Attorney General, state Superintendent of Education, Commissioners of  Insurance, Agriculture or, Labor, etc.) and state judicial branch offices (seats on state Supreme Courts and, in some states, state appellate courts).

State legislative elections

Republicans scored record gains, gaining at least 680 total seats and taking control of 20 legislative chambers through election, while the Democrats lost 21 chambers. The winners of this election cycle were slated to serve in their respective legislatures for either two or four-year terms, depending on state election rules.

Republicans made substantial gains in state legislatures across the nation. Twenty chambers flipped from Democratic to Republican control, giving Republicans full control of eleven state legislatures and control of one chamber in Colorado, Iowa, and New York.1 Additionally, Republicans gained enough seats in the Oregon House of Representatives to produce a 30-30 party split, pushing Democrats into a power-sharing agreement that resulted in the election of two "co-speakers" (one from each party) to lead the chamber. Republicans gained a total of 680 seats in state legislative races, breaking the previous record of 628 flipped seats set by Democrats in the post-Watergate elections of 1974.

Six states saw both chambers switch from Democrat to Republican majorities: Alabama (where the Republicans won a majority and a trifecta for the first time since 1874), Maine (for the first time since 1964), Minnesota (for the first time since 1915 in partisan elections and 1973 in non-partisan elections), New Hampshire, North Carolina (for the first time since 1896), and Wisconsin. In addition, by picking up the lower chambers in Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Montana and Pennsylvania, Republicans gained control of both chambers in an additional five states. Further, Republicans picked up one chamber from Democrats in Colorado, Iowa, and New York to split control in those states. They expanded majorities in both chambers in Texas, Florida, and Georgia. The massive Republican victories in legislative races would be widely expected to significantly impact the redrawing of congressional districts for the 2012 election cycle.

Local elections
On November 2, 2010, various cities, counties, school boards, and special districts (in the United States) witnessed elections. Some elections were high-profile.
 Luzerne County, Pennsylvania: The voters of Luzerne County adopted a home rule charter by a margin of 51,413 to 41,639. This changed the county’s government from a board of county commissioners to a council-manager form of government. The following year (in 2011), the first general election for the new assembly was held. The first council members were sworn in on January 2, 2012.

High-profile mayoral elections are listed below:
 Honolulu, Hawaii: Incumbent mayor Mufi Hannemann resigned on July 20, 2010, to run for Governor of Hawaii. The city's Managing Director Kirk Caldwell served as acting mayor until Peter Carlisle was elected in a special election on September 18.
 Louisville, Kentucky: Incumbent mayor Jerry Abramson declined to run for a third consecutive term in order to run for Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky in 2011. Greg Fischer was elected as the successor.
 New Orleans, Louisiana: Incumbent mayor Ray Nagin was term-limited out of office. Mitch Landrieu was elected as the new mayor on February 6.
 Washington, D.C: Incumbent mayor Adrian Fenty was defeated in the Democratic primary by Vincent C. Gray, who then went on to win the general election.

Turnout
Approximately 82.5 million people voted. Turnout increased relative to the last U.S. midterm elections without any significant shift in voters' political identification.

Table of federal and state results

Bold indicates a change in control. Note that not all states held gubernatorial, state legislative, and United States Senate elections in 2010.

Notes

References

Further reading

 Bullock, Charles S., et al. Key States, High Stakes: Sarah Palin, the Tea Party, and the 2010 Elections (2011)

 Sabato, Larry. Who Got in the Booth? A Look Back at the 2010 Elections (2011)

External links

 2010 Midterm Election Debates on C-SPAN
 Wesleyan Media Project: 2010 Political Advertising Analysis at Wesleyan University
National newspapers
 Elections 2010 at The New York Times
 Campaign 2010 at The Washington Post
National radio
 Election 2010 at NPR
National TV
 2010 Election at ABC News
 Campaign 2010 on C-SPAN
 Campaign 2010 at CBS News
 Election Center at CNN
 Elections at Fox News
 Decision 2010 at MSNBC

2010
2010
November 2010 events in the United States


Mathieu Bozzetto (born 16 November 1973) is a professional snowboarder from France. His specialties are the parallel slalom and parallel giant slalom.

Career highlights

Olympic Winter Games
1998 – Nagano, 5th at giant slalom
2002 – Salt Lake City, 6th at parallel giant slalom
2006 – Torino, 4th at parallel giant slalom
2010 – Vancouver,  Bronze medal at parallel giant slalom
FIS World Snowboard Championships
1997 – Innichen, 4th at giant slalom
1999 – Berchtesgaden, 14th at giant slalom
1999 – Berchtesgaden, 13th at parallel gs
1999 – Berchtesgaden,  2nd at parallel slalom
2001 – Madonna di Campiglio, 86th at giant slalom
2001 – Madonna di Campiglio, 5th at parallel slalom
2001 – Madonna di Campiglio, 8th at parallel gs
2003 – Kreischberg, 4th at parallel giant slalom
2003 – Kreischberg, 2nd  at parallel slalom
2007 – Arosa, 10th at parallel gs
2007 – Arosa, 5th at parallel slalom
World Cup
1998 – Grächen,  2nd at giant slalom
1998 – Tandadalen,  2nd at parallel gs
1998 – Ischgl,  3rd at parallel slalom
1999 – Morzine,  1st at parallel slalom
1999 – Morzine,  2nd at parallel gs
1999 – Park City,  1st at parallel slalom
1999 – Park City,  3rd at giant slalom
1999 – Asahikawa,  1st at parallel slalom
1999 – Naeba,  2nd at parallel slalom
1999 – Olang,  1st at parallel gs
1999 – Olang,  1st at parallel slalom
1999 – Whistler,  1st at giant slalom
1999 – Mont-Sainte-Anne,  1st at giant slalom
2000 – Morzine,  1st at parallel slalom
2000 – Berchtesgaden,  1st at parallel slalom
2000 – Gstaad,  2nd at giant slalom
2000 – Tandadalen,  1st at parallel gs
2000 – Tandadalen,  1st at parallel slalom
2000 – Ischgl,  1st at parallel slalom (1)
2000 – Livigno,  1st at parallel slalom
2000 – Livigno,  1st at giant slalom
2000 – Ischgl,  1st at parallel slalom (2)
2001 – Kreischberg,  1st at parallel slalom
2001 – Bad Gastein,  3rd at parallel slalom
2001 – München,  3rd at parallel slalom
2001 – Berchtesgaden,  1st at parallel slalom
2001 – Berchtesgaden,  3rd at parallel gs
2001 – Ruka,  3rd at parallel gs
2001 – Valle Nevado,  1st at parallel slalom
2001 – Tignes,  3rd at parallel gs
2001 – Ischgl,  1st at parallel gs
2001 – Mont-Sainte-Anne,  1st at parallel slalom
2002 – Arosa,  3rd at parallel gs
2002 – Sapporo,  1st at parallel gs
2002 – Sapporo,  2nd at parallel slalom
2002 – Ruka,  3rd at parallel slalom
2002 – Sölden,  1st at parallel gs
2002 – Sölden,  1st at parallel slalom
2002 – Tandadalen,  2nd at parallel slalom
2002 – Whistler,  1st at parallel slalom
2002 – Stoneham,  1st at parallel gs
2003 – Bad Gastein,  1st at parallel slalom
2003 – Maribor,  3rd at parallel slalom
2003 – Sapporo,  1st at parallel gs
2003 – Sapporo,  1st at parallel slalom
2003 – Serre Chevalier,  3rd at parallel gs
2003 – Serre Chevalier,  3rd at parallel slalom
2003 – Arosa,  2nd at parallel gs
2003 – Stoneham,  2nd at parallel gs
2004 – Bad Gastein,  2nd at parallel slalom
2004 – Alpe d'Huez,  1st at parallel gs
2004 – Sapporo,  1st at parallel gs
2004 – Sapporo,  1st at parallel slalom
2004 – Mount Bachelor,  2nd at parallel gs
2004 – Bardonecchia,  2nd at parallel gs
2005 – Sierra Nevada,  2nd at parallel slalom
2006 – Kreischberg,  2nd at parallel gs
2006 – Shukolovo,  2nd at parallel slalom
2007 – Nendaz,  2nd at parallel slalom (1)
2007 – Sungwoo,  3rd at parallel gs
2007 – Landgraaf,  1st at parallel slalom
2007 – Nendaz,  1st at parallel slalom (2)
2008 – Bad Gastein,  1st at parallel slalom
South American Cup
2000 – Cerro Catedral,  1st at parallel gs
FIS Races
2000 – Chapelco,  1st at parallel gs
2001 – Alpe d'Huez,  1st at parallel gs
2002 – Chamonix,  1st at parallel gs

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
French male snowboarders
Olympic snowboarders for France
Snowboarders at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Snowboarders at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for France
Sportspeople from Chambéry
Olympic medalists in snowboarding
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
21st-century French people


Rabconnectin-3A (Rbcn-3A) or DmX (Drosophila melanogaster X-gene) is a gene located on the X chromosome in Drosophila and encodes for the relatively large WD-repeat protein, rabconnectin-3A. Rabconnectin-3A is involved in Notch signalling by regulating the vacuolar proton pump V-ATPase. DmX is a highly conserved gene and is widely found in insects and mammals. Two orthologs of DmX exist in humans, DMXL1 and DMXL2, the latter of which codes for the synaptic protein rabconnectin-3α. Its name comes from the fact that it binds the Ras-related protein Rab3 (human RAB3A).

Discovery
The discovery of DmX was published in the journal Gene in 1998. It was discovered using a comparative genomics approach that found sequence homology to CpY, a gene found in the sex determining region of the Y chromosome of the hoverfly C. piger.

Gene
DmX is located in region 5D5/6-E1 of the X chromosome in Drosophila. The gene is approximately 16 kb long. It includes 15 exons which make up a transcript with a length of 11.5 kb. DmX has a relatively small promoter region that is likely shorter than 200 bp, leaving little space for regulatory elements. It was suggested that regulatory elements may be present within the first intron which is unusually large at more than 2.4 kb long.

Expression
The transcript for DmX was found in Drosophila embryos, larvae, and adults in both males and females, indicating that the gene is expressed in all developmental stages of Drosophila and does not have sex-specific expression. Although DmX was discovered as a homologue for CpY, a gene involved in sex-determination, it does not appear to play a role in sex-determination in Drosophila, as indicated by its non-sex-specific expression.

Protein
DmX encodes for the relatively large protein rabconnectin-3A, which consists of 3427 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 380 kDa. Rabconnectin-3A belongs to the superfamily of WD-repeat proteins which consists of mainly regulatory proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes. All WD-repeat proteins contain a moderately conserved WD-repeat motif that consists of approximately 40 amino acids ending with a tryptophan-aspartate (WD) dipeptide. The motif is likely responsible for protein-protein interactions. In most WD-repeat proteins the motif is repeated four to eight times. DmX has an unusually high repetition of the WD-repeat motif at approximately 30 repeats. It has been suggested that DmX may be a member of a novel class of WD-repeat proteins which contain significantly more motif repeats.

Role in Notch Signalling
Rabconnectin-3A forms a stable complex with rabconnectin-3B. The rabconnectin-3 complex is involved in regulating Notch signalling, although its exact function is unclear. Notch signalling is an important pathway involved in cell-cell communication. The pathway regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and death of cells. Signals are transduced by the cell-surface receptor Notch. During Notch synthesis there are three independent cleavage events. The third cleavage event in Notch synthesis is carried out by γ-secretase. This process requires the proton pump V-ATPase which is regulated by the rabconnectin-3 complex.  When Rbcn-3A or Rbcn-3B are absent, Notch synthesis is disrupted between the second and third cleavage events, and Notch is subsequently prevented from entering the nucleus.

Orthologs
Orthologs of DmX exist in a wide variety of species including C. elegans, yeast, mice, and humans. In zebrafish, rabconnectin-3a is involved in neural crest migration by playing a role in endosomal maturation in neural crest cells. The DmX ortholog in yeast is RAV1. Rav1 is one of three subunits which make up the RAVE complex which is involved in V-ATPase assembly.

Human
Two orthologs for the DmX gene have been discovered in humans, DMXL1 and DMXL2. The duplication event that resulted in the two homologues likely occurred in early vertebrates.

DMXL1
DMXL1 is located on chromosome 5 and codes for a large WD-repeat protein consisting of 3027 amino acids and approximately 28 WD-repeat units. It is expressed in a number of different tissues. Its function is unknown. In a paper published in 2011, mutations occurring in DMXL1 were linked to tumour growth.

DMXL2
DMXL2 is located on chromosome 15 and encodes the synaptic protein rabconnectin-3α. DMXL2 plays a role in puberty and is a regulator of Notch signalling. Haploinsufficiency of DMXL2 causes delayed puberty, reduced fertility, and abnormal glucose metabolism. A study published in 2015 identified DMXL2 as a biomarker for ERα positive breast cancer. DMXL2 has also been linked to hearing loss, suggesting that it is involved in inner ear functioning.

References

Drosophila melanogaster genes


The 1883 Philadelphia Athletics finished with a 66–32 record and won the championship of the  American Association.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1883 Philadelphia Athletics team page at Baseball Reference

Philadelphia Athletics (AA) seasons
Philadelphia Athletics season
Philadelphia Athletics


Thorn Ogres of Hagwood is the first book in the Hagwood trilogy by Robin Jarvis. It was originally published in 1999 by Penguin House, then re-published on 11 December 2012 by Open Road Media Teen & Tween, where the rest of the series was subsequently published. The sequel, Dark Waters of Hagwood, was released on 4 June 2013, and the final book of the trilogy, War in Hagwood, was released on 26 July 2016.

Plot introduction
The werlings of Hagwood (small creatures with the ability to transform into animals) live peacefully in the trees of the forest, overlooked and unbothered while they leisurely perfect the art of wergling (shape-changing). But unlike his fellow werlings, the bumbling Gamaliel Tumpin can’t manage to wergle into even the simplest of forms (a mouse) like his peers. He’s tormented by his sister, Kernella, and teased by his classmates. And he envies star student Finnen Lufkin, who can transform into almost any creature. But wergling will soon be the least of Gamaliel’s troubles. The evil elf queen Rhiannon, the High Lady of the Hollow Hill, is desperately seeking a precious possession that was stolen long ago. Her evil knows no bounds, and with her army of monstrous thorn ogres, she will not stop until it’s found. The werlings’ peaceful existence is threatened by death and danger, and clumsy, awkward Gamaliel will need to call on the strength within him to fight for his family and his home.

References

1999 British novels
British fantasy novels
Novels by Robin Jarvis
Puffin Books books


Björngårdsteatern ('Bear's Yard Theater'), also called Christian Thums Commedi-huus ('Christian Thum's Comedy-house') and Theums Spelehus ('Theum's Play-house'), was a theatre in Stockholm in Sweden, active between 1640 and 1655. It was possibly the oldest theatre in Scandinavia, but the information is scarce and it is unconfirmed if the theater permit was in fact used. It was in any event a popular tavern managed by Christian Thum.

History
In 1637, Christian Thum (d. 1655) bought the Björnegården ('Bear's Yard') at Södermalm at St Paulsgatan and Björnegårdsgatan in Stockholm. The house was named "Bears' Yard" because it was a local since long used for Blood sport and bear-baiting.
Christian Thum was from Germany and had since 1628 been active in Sweden as the leader of a German theater company: from 1637 until 1645, he was the leader of the theater of the royal court of queen Christina of Sweden.

On 15 August 1640, Christian Thum was given a royal permit to manage a "Comedy House" (theater) in the Björngården. However, there is no information of the theatrical activity at Björnegårdsteatern. There is little information even of the theatrical activity of Thum at court, even though that is confirmed to have taken place. His theater at court was an all-male company of actors, who is assumed to have been requited from the Stockholm craftsmen, as there were a tradition of theater performances among the craftsmen guilds, as well as from members of the Hovkapellet. It is assumed that the theater of Thum at Björnegårdsteatern would be similar to his theater at court.
Whether the theater at Björnegårdsteatern functioned or not, Thum is confirmed to have used the localities as a tavern, which does not exclude a theater in the house.

The tavern at Björnegården continued to be one of the more well known and popular taverns in Stockholm until it was destroyed in 1877.

See also
 Stenborg Troupe
 Lejonkulan

References

 Notiser ur Stockholms historia
 Bostadsrättsföreningen Fatburen
 Bostadsrättsföreningen Högberget nr. 2
 Nordisk familjebok/Ugglan (Thum)
  	Nordisk familjebok/1800-talsutgåvan (Thum)
 Arenateaterinstitutet
 Dahlberg, Gunilla (1992). Komediantteatern i 1600-talets Stockholm. Stockholm: Komm. för Stockholmsforskning.

Former theatres in Stockholm
1640 establishments in Sweden
17th century in Sweden
1640 in Sweden
17th century in Stockholm
1877 disestablishments in Sweden
Swedish Empire
Christina, Queen of Sweden


Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE) is a laboratory of the Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO), India. Located in C.V. Raman Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, its primary function is research and development of radars and related technologies. It was founded by S. P. Chakravarti, the father of Electronics and Telecommunication engineering in India, who also founded  DLRL and DRDL.

LRDE is sometimes mis-abbreviated as "ERDE". To distinguish between "Electrical" and "Electronic", the latter is abbreviated with the first letter of its Latin root (lektra). The same approach is used with for the DLRL. The LRDE is India's premier radar design and development establishment and is deeply involved in Indian radar efforts. Its primary production partners include Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and various private firms like Mistral Solutions in Bengaluru, Astra microwave in Hyderabad and Data Patterns in Chennai.

LRDE Radars
The DRDO's initial projects included short range 2D systems (Indra-1), but it now manufactures high power 3D systems, airborne surveillance and fire control radars as well. The publicly known projects include:

INDRA series of 2D radars meant for the Army and the Air Force use. This was the first high power radar developed by the DRDO, with the Indra-I radar for the Indian Army, followed by Indra Pulse Compression (PC) version for the Indian Air Force, also known as the Indra-II, which is a low level radar to search and track low flying cruise missiles, helicopters and aircraft. These are basically 2D radars which provide range, and azimuth information, and are meant to be used as gapfillers. The Indra 2 PC has pulse compression providing improved range resolution. The series are used both by the Indian Air Force and the Indian Army
Rajendra fire control radar for the Akash SAM: The Rajendra is a high power, Passive electronically scanned array radar (PESA), with the ability able to guide up to 12 Akash SAMs against aircraft flying at low to medium altitudes. The Rajendra has a detection range of 80 km with 18 km height coverage against small fighter sized targets and is able to track 64 targets, engaging 4 simultaneously, with up to 3 missiles per target. The Rajendra features a digital high speed signal processing system with adaptive moving target indicator, coherent signal processing, FFTs, and variable pulse repetition frequency. The entire PESA antenna array can swivel 360 degrees on a rotating platform. This allows the radar antenna to be rapidly repositioned, and even conduct all round surveillance.
Central Acquisition Radar, a state of the art planar array, S Band radar operating on the stacked beam principle. With a range of 180 km against fighter sized targets, it can track while scan 200 of them. Its systems are integrated on high mobility, locally built TATRA trucks for the Army and the Air Force; however it is meant to be used by all three services. Initially developed for the long-running Akash SAM system, seven were ordered by the Indian Air Force for their radar modernisation program, and two of another variant were ordered by the Indian Navy for their P-28 Corvettes. The CAR has been a significant success for radar development in India, with its state of the art signal processing hardware.
BFSR-SR, a 2D short range Battle Field Surveillance Radar, meant to be man-portable. Designed and developed by the LRDE, the project was a systematic example of concurrent engineering, with the production agency involved through the design and development stage. This enabled the design to be brought into production quickly.
Long Range Tracking Radar: The LRTR a 3D AESA was developed with assistance from Elta of Israel, and is similar to Elta's GreenPine long range Active Array radar. The DRDO developed the signal processing and software for tracking high speed ballistic missile targets as well as introduced more ruggedisation. The radar uses mostly Indian designed and manufactured components such as its critical high power, L Band Transmit-Receive modules plus the other enabling technologies necessary for active phased array radars. The LRTR can track 200 targets and had a range of above  and can detect Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles. The LRTR would be amongst the key elements of the Indian ABM system.
 2D Low Level Lightweight Radar (LLLR) "Bharani" for the Army. The LLLR is a 2D radar with a range of 40 km against a 2 target, intended as a gapfiller to plug detection gaps versus low level aircraft in an integrated Air Defence Ground network. The LLLR makes use of Indra-2 technology, namely a similar antenna array, but has roughly half the range and is much smaller and a far more portable unit. The LLLR can track while scan 100 targets and provide details about their speed, azimuth and range to the operator. The LLLR makes use of the BFSR-SR experience and many of the subsystem providers are the same. Multiple LLLRs can be networked together. The LLLR is meant to detect low level intruders, and will alert Army Air Defence fire control units to cue their weapon systems.
BEL Weapon Locating Radar: A 3D radar developed from the Rajendra fire control radar for the Akash system, this radar uses a passive electronically scanned array to detect multiple targets for fire correction and weapon location. The system has been developed and demonstrated to the Army and orders have been placed

Apart from the above, the DRDO has also several other radar systems currently under development or in trials. The systems on which publicly available information is available include:

 Active Phased Array radar: Uttam AESA is an indigenously developed active electronically scanned array (AESA) fire control radar. It is being developed for the LCA Mk2 and Mk1 (presumably Mk1s will be upgraded with the system) and also other aircraft upgrades such as the IAF's Jaguars and MiG-29Ks. Hardware has already been realised for this radar which has a range of 100 km against small fighter sized targets and rooftop testing is underway. Though the Uttam AESA currently weighs 120 kg which is some 40 kg more than the current MMR, there will be no problem in integrating it with the LCA Mk-II which can easily carry a radar of this weight. It is a 3D radar for fighters, a MMR follow on, the APAR project aims to field a fully fledged operational AESA fire control radar for the expected Mark-2 version of the Light Combat Aircraft. This will be the second airborne AESA program after the AEW&C project and intends to transfer the success the DRDO has achieved in the Ground-based radar segment to airborne systems. The overall airborne APAR program aims to prevent this technology gap from developing, with a broad based program to bring DRDO up to par with international developers in airborne systems: both fire control and surveillance.
 Airborne Warning and Control: Ready for delivery as of 2015. A new radar based on Active Electronically Scanned Array technology. The aim of the project is to develop inhouse capability for high power AEW&C systems, with the system covering the development of a S Band AESA array. The aircraft will also have datalinks to link fighters plus communicate with the IAF's C3I infrastructure, as well as a local SATCOM (satellite communication system), along with other onboard ESM and COMINT systems.
 Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR): The Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR) is a 3D AESA radar. It is developed by Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE), a laboratory of the DRDO which is being developed for Indian Army. Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR) is used for volumetric surveillance, detection, tracking and friend/foe identification of aerial targets of different types, and transmission of prioritised target data to multiple command posts/ weapon systems. The radar is capable of detecting very small targets and low flying targets. It is capable of tracking 100 aerial  targets at a time. It has a range of 500 km (maximum).

Products
Rajendra Radar
Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR) - 3D radar for Akash missile
Indra series
BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar (Short Range)
BEL Weapon Locating Radar
Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR) - AESA radar

References

External links
 DRDO

Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research institutes in Bangalore
1962 establishments in Mysore State
Research institutes established in 1962


The 1884 Philadelphia Athletics finished with a 61–46 record and finished in seventh place in the American Association.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Notable transactions
 August 1884: Frank Ringo was signed as a free agent by the Athletics.

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Notes

References
 1884 Philadelphia Athletics team page at Baseball Reference

Philadelphia Athletics (AA) seasons
Philadelphia Athletics season
Philadelphia Athletics


Griselda Frances Sinclair Pollock (born 11 March 1949) is an art historian and cultural analyst of international, postcolonial feminist studies in visual arts and visual culture. Since 1977, Pollock has been an influential scholar of modern art, avant-garde art, postmodern art, and contemporary art. She is a major influence in feminist theory, feminist art history, and gender studies. She is renowned for her innovative feminist approaches to art history which aim to deconstruct the lack of appreciation and importance of women in art as other than objects for the male gaze.

Pollock conducts various studies that offer concrete historical analyses regarding the dynamics of the social structures that cause the sexual political environment within art history. Through her contributions to feminism, Pollock has written various texts exclusively focused on women in order to intentionally drift away from traditional art history, which concentrated primarily on the work of male artists due to its inherently sexist undertones. Pollock's initiative enabled long overdue exposure and appreciation needed for many female artists such as Mary Cassatt, Eva Hesse, and Charlotte Salomon. Her theoretical and methodological innovations which were first released up to three decades ago such as the ones on her book Vision and Difference 1988, are still influential and studied till this day since many of her remarks apply to modern day contemporary concerns such as the political subtexts that women are still portrayed with in advertising.

Life and work
Pollock was born in Bloemfontein, South Africa to Alan Winton Seton Pollock and Kathleen Alexandra (née Sinclair), Griselda Pollock grew up in both French and English Canada. Moving to Britain during her teens, Pollock studied Modern History at Oxford (1967–1970) and History of European Art at the Courtauld Institute of Art (1970–72). She received her doctorate in 1980 for a study of Vincent van Gogh and Dutch Art: A reading of his notions of the modern. After teaching at Reading and Manchester universities, Pollock joined the University of Leeds in 1977 as lecturer in History of Art and Film and was appointed to a Personal Chair in Social and Critical Histories of Art in 1990. In 2001, she became Director of the Centre for Cultural Analysis, Theory and History at the University of Leeds, where she is Professor of Social and Critical Histories of Art. She was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Courtauld Institute in 2019, together with Daniella Luxembourg, and delivered the graduation speech. The Estonian Academy of Art also awarded her an Honorary Doctorate in 2019 and gave a keynote lecture: "Why do we still love Vincent?" On March 5, 2020, Pollock was named as the 2020 Holberg Prize Laureate "for her groundbreaking contributions to feminist art history and cultural studies."

Art history
Pollock's interest and involvement in the women's movement motivated her to create change in the world of art history and its perception of women. This change  was attempted by many researchers before her was only possible due to her innovative approaches observed in her book Vision and Difference, 1988. In this book, she identifies the world's political system to be the main issue with women's depiction. She does this by explaining the relationship between systems of representation and ideology which, in turn, divulge the visual language used by political advertising to depict women in society. The knowledge of these strategies of representation brought the possibility for feminist activists to implement the change necessary to the construction of women in art and as seen today, in society in general.

Her work challenges mainstream models of art and art history that have previously excluded the role of women in art. She examines the interaction of the social categories of gender, class, and race, crucially researching the relationship between these categories, psychoanalysis, and art, drawing on the work of such French cultural theorists as Michel Foucault. Her theorization of subjectivity takes both psychoanalysis and Foucault's ideas about social control into account.

A range of concepts developed by Pollock which serve to theorize and practice critical feminist interventions in art's histories are: old mistresses, vision and difference, avant-garde gambits, generations and geographies, differencing the canon and most recently, the virtual feminist museum.

Cultural studies and cultural analysis
Pollock is the founding director of the Centre for Cultural Analysis, Theory, and History at the University of Leeds. Initiated with a grant from the then AHRB in 2001, CentreCATH is a transdisciplinary project connecting fine art, histories of art and cultural studies across the shared engagements with class, gender, sexuality, post-colonial critique, and queer theory. In 2007, with Max Silverman, Pollock initiated the research project "Concentrationary Memories: The Politics of Representation", which explores the concept of an anxious and vigilant form of cultural memory analyzing the devastating effects of the totalitarian assault on the human condition and alert to the persistent not only of this perpetual threat but is invasion of popular culture. The project explored the forms of aesthetic resistance to totalitarian terror. Four edited collections have been produced: Concentrationary Cinema: Aesthetics and Political Resistance in Night and Fog by Alain Resnais (London and New York: Berghan 2011), which won the 2011 Fraszna-Krausz Prize for Best Book on the Moving Image; Concentrationary Memory: Totalitarian Terror and Cultural Resistance (London: I B Tauris, 2013), Concentrationary Imaginaries: Tracing Totalitarian Violence in Popular Culture (London: I B Tauris, 2015) and  Concentrationary Art: Jean Cayrol, the Lazarean and the Everyday in Post-war Film, Literature, Music and the Visual Arts (Berghahn, 2019).

Publications
Millet, London: Oresko Books, 1977.
(with Fred Orton) Vincent van Gogh: Artist of his Time, Oxford: Phaidon Press, 1978; US-edition: E. P. Dutton  . Edited and re-published in: Orton & Pollock 1996, pp. 3–51
(with Fred Orton) "Les Données Bretonnantes: La Prairie de Représentation", in: Art History III/3, 1980, pp. 314–344. Reprinted in: Orton & Pollock 1996, pp. 53–88
Mary Cassatt,  London: Jupiter Books, 1980
"Artists mythologies and media genius, madness and art history", in: Screen XXI/3, 1980, pp. 57–96
Vincent van Gogh in zijn Hollandse jaren: Kijk op stad en land door Van Gogh en zijn tijdgenoten 1870–1890, exh. cat. Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, 1980/1981 (no ISBN)
Old Mistresses; Women, Art and Ideology, London: Routledge & Kegan (Griselda Pollock with Rozsika Parker), 1981. Reissued by I.B. Tauris in 2013.
(with Fred Orton) "Cloisonism?", in: Art History V/3, 1982, pp. 341–348. Reprinted in: Orton & Pollock, 1996, pp. 115–124
The Journals of Marie Bashkirtseff, London: Virago (newly introduced with Rozsika Parker), 1985.
Framing Feminism: Art & the Women’ s Movement 1970–85 (Griselda Pollock with Rozsika Parker), 1987.
Vision and Difference: [Femininity, Feminism, and Histories of Art], London: Routledge, and New York: Methuen, 1987.
"Inscriptions in the Feminine". In Catherine de Zegher (ed.), Inside the Visible. MIT, 1996. 67–87.
Agency and the Avant-Garde: Studies in Authorship and History by Way of Van Gogh, in Block 1989/15, pp. 5–15. Reprinted in: Orton & Pollock 1996, pp. 315–342
"Oeuvres Autistes." In: Versus 3, 1994, pp. 14–18
 (Edited with Richard Kendall)Dealing with Degas: Representations of Women and the Politics of Vision. London: Pandora Books, 1992 (now Rivers Oram Press).
Avant-Garde Gambits: Gender and the Colour of Art History, London: Thames and Hudson, 1993.

(Edited), Generations and Geographies: Critical Theories and Critical Practices in Feminism and the Visual Arts, Routledge, 1996.
(with Fred Orton) Avant-Gardes and Partisans Reviewed, Manchester University Press, 1996.
The Ambivalence of Pleasure, Getty Art History Oral Documentation Project, interview by Richard Cándida Smith, Getty Research Institute, 1997.
Mary Cassatt Painter of Modern Women, London: Thames & Hudson: World of Art, 1998.
(Edited with Richard Thomson), On not seeing Provence: Van Gogh and the landscape of consolation, 1888–1889, in: Framing France: The representation of landscape in France, 1870–1914, Manchester University Press, 1998, pp. 81–118
Aesthetics. Politics. Ethics Julia Kristeva 1966–96, Special Issue Guest Edited parallax, no. 8, 1998.
Differencing the Canon: Feminism and the Histories of Art, London: Routledge, 1999.
Looking Back to the Future: Essays by Griselda Pollock from the 1990s, New York: G&B New Arts, introduced by Penny Florence, 2000. .
(Edited with Valerie Mainz), Work and the Image, 2 vols. London: Ashgate Press, 2000.
Vision and Difference: Feminism, Femininity and the Histories of Art (Chapter 1: Feminist interventions in the histories of art: an introduction, Chapter 3: Modernity and the spaces of femininity), Routledge Classics, 2003.
(Edited), Psychoanalysis and the Image, Boston and Oxford: Blackwell, 2006.
A Very Long Engagement: Singularity and Difference in the Critical Writing on Eva Hesse in Griselda Pollock with Vanessa Corby (eds), Encountering Eva Hesse, London and Munich: Prestel, 2006.
(Edited with Joyce Zemans), Museums after Modernism, Boston: Blackwells, 2007.
Encounters in the Virtual Feminist Museum: Time, Space and the Archive, London: Routledge, 2007.
(Edited, with Victoria Turvey-Sauron), The Sacred and the Feminine, London: I.B. Tauris, 2008.

Digital and Other Virtualities: Renegotiating the Image, edited by Griselda Pollock and Antony Bryant, I.B. Tauris, 2010. 9781845115685.
After-effects/After-images: Trauma and aesthetic transformation in the Virtual Feminist Museum, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2013. 978-0-7190-8798-1

 Charlotte Salomon and the Theatre of Memory, Yale University Press, 2018. .
 Bracha L Ettinger, Matrixial Subjectivity, Aesthetics and Ethics edited by Griselda Pollock. Palgrave MacMillan, 2020.978-1-137-34515-8

See also

Art history
Avant-garde
Gender studies
Feminist art movement in the United States
Feminist film theory
Feminist theory
Film theory
Cultural studies
Women's history

References

External links
Personal page at the University of Leeds Website
Interview in Documenta Magazine
On Psychoanalysis and the Image
Griselda Pollock discusses the life and work of artist Charlotte Salomon Griselda Pollock on Charlotte Salomon
UCL History of Art: Griselda Pollock – Making Feminist Memories – Part 2 Griselda Pollock on Helen Rosenau at UCL
UCL History of Art: Griselda Pollock – Making Feminist Memories – Part 1
Marilyn Monroe | La donna oltre il mito – Griselda Pollock Griselda Pollock on Marilyn Monroe Exhibition in Turin
Son[i]a #254. Griselda Pollock | Radio Web MACBA | RWM Podcasts Conversation with Griselda Pollock about her involvement in the Women's Movement in England in the seventies, and about the points of convergence between feminism and art history.
Bow Down: Women in Art Down: Women in Art (Frieze) Podcast on Vera Frenkel
The Great Women Artists: Griselda Pollock on Alina Szapocznikow on Apple Podcasts Griselda Pollock talking to Katy Hessel on Alina Szapocznikow

1949 births
Living people
Women's historians
South African emigrants to Canada
Canadian emigrants to England
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Feminist artists
Women art historians
British art historians
Feminist historians
Feminist studies scholars
British feminist writers
Feminist theorists
Philosophers of sexuality
Postmodern feminists
Jewish feminists
Jewish philosophers
Academics of the University of Leeds
British women historians
Holberg Prize laureates
Slade Professors of Fine Art (University of Cambridge)


Arthur Kittredge "Dick" Watson (April 23, 1919 – July 26, 1974) was an American businessman and diplomat. He served as president of IBM World Trade Corporation and United States Ambassador to France. His father, Thomas J. Watson, was IBM's founder and oversaw that company's growth into an international force from the 1920s to the 1950s. His brother Thomas J. Watson Jr. was the president of IBM from 1952 to 1971 and United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union.

Early life
Arthur K. Watson—known as "Dick" by his friends and colleagues—was born in Summit, New Jersey. He attended The Hotchkiss School and Yale University.

Career
In the late 1940s, Watson assisted his father, IBM's president Thomas J. Watson Sr., in the incorporation and organization of the IBM World Trade Corporation—the subsidiary which handled IBM's business outside the United States. As president and later board chairman of the IBM World Trade Corporation, Dick Watson expanded its operations throughout the world. During his 21 years of leadership, he spent a large part of his time traveling abroad, often accompanied by his family. He established numerous new country operations, selected managers and guided the expansion of the international businesses.

When he began in IBM in February 1947, Dick Watson spoke fluent French. During the next five years of his business career, he spent more than an hour a day to master Spanish and German, and to develop a working knowledge of Portuguese. These linguistic skills were a major asset to Watson throughout his international career.

At the time Watson joined the IBM World Trade Corporation subsidiary upon its formation in 1949, IBM sales outside the United States were less than $50 million. When he resigned in 1970 to become Ambassador to France, IBM World Trade Corporation sales had grown to more than $2.5 billion, and the company had established business operations in 108 countries. By then, net income from World Trade operations equaled those of the U.S. company.

From his first European business trip with his father in 1948, Dick Watson held to a conviction that Western Europe would eventually emerge in the postwar period as a united economic community. He supported the formation of the European Economic Community and made sure that the IBM World Trade Corporation was one of the first U.S.-based companies to build up its manufacturing and development capabilities within the Common Market.

He was also convinced that the U.S. business community should play a larger role in aiding the developing countries of the world. He sought ways to build up local economies in Asia and Latin America. He went on two U.S. government missions to Latin America. In 1964, Watson, with New York Senator Jacob Javits and others, formed ADELA, an investment institution in Lima, Peru. Funded by a worldwide group of banks and corporations, it provided capital for local businesses in Latin America. In Nigeria, he established an IBM educational facility at Ibadan University to provide training in computer skills.

Dick Watson served at the requests of Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson on two panels established to stimulate U.S. trade. The 14-member panel he headed for President Johnson reported a number of findings later adopted by the U.S. Agency for International Development. He was a member of New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller's Commission on Critical Choices for Americans.

As president of the International Chamber of Commerce in 1967 and 1968, Dick Watson became an international advocate for "freer" trade. In 1968 he also founded, with David Rockefeller, the Emergency Committee for American Trade, a trade association that was eventually joined by the heads of 60 of the largest corporations in the United States. Its purpose was to muster support against protectionism in the United States.

In 1970, Watson resigned his positions as a chairman of the board of IBM World Trade, and vice chairman and director of IBM, to become U.S. Ambassador to France. He was also the first official liaison of the United States with the People's Republic of China through its then Ambassador to France, Huang Chen.

Watson was a benefactor of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, serving as a trustee of the Museum and as a member of the Museum's Centennial committee.

Dick Watson's contributions to international relations were recognized with honors from several countries. He received the Vatican's Equestrian Order of St. Sylvester. He had already won the French Legion of Honor prior to his ambassadorship. Before he returned from France, President Georges Pompidou awarded him the rank of Grand Cross of the Republic's Order of Merit, one of France's highest honors.

Upon his return from France in 1972, Watson was reelected to IBM's board of directors and its executive committee. He also founded partnership Dankist, a venture capital firm located in Stamford, Conn.

Arthur K. Watson died as a result of a fall on July 26, 1974, in New Canaan, Connecticut, at age 55.  Yale University's computer science building is named in his honor.

Sources
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/builders/builders_watson.html

References

1919 births
1974 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American diplomats
Accidental deaths from falls
Accidental deaths in Connecticut
Ambassadors of the United States to France
Hotchkiss School alumni
IBM employees
People from Summit, New Jersey
Yale University alumni


Parent & Child Magazine was a magazine published by Scholastic. The award-winning magazine was founded in 1993 in Jefferson City, Missouri, as Scholastic's contribution to the parenting magazine category. Competitors included Parents and FamilyFun. Parent & Child highlighted the following editorial topics: activities and crafts, reading and education, children's development, health, and wellness, family recipes, and family time. The magazine also produced a kids website and a free mobile app,  KidQ. Jane Nussbaum was editor in chief since 2013. According to an announcement from Cision, Scholastic Parent & Child ceased publication, with its August/September 2015 issue being its last."

Editorial sections
 Busy Minds
 Happy+Healthy
 Me Time
 Easy Eats
 Together Time

Staff
 Editor-in-chief: Jane Isabel Nussbaum
 Art director: Jennie Utschig
 Integrated content director: Elizabeth Anne Shaw
 President, consumer and professional publishing: Hugh Roome
 Vice president, publisher: Jamie Engel

Notes

Defunct magazines published in the United States
Eight times annually magazines published in the United States
Lifestyle magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1993
Magazines disestablished in 2015
Magazines published in Missouri
Magazines published in New York City
Parenting magazines
Scholastic Corporation


The 1885 Philadelphia Athletics finished with a 55–57 record and finished in fourth place in the   American Association.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1885 Philadelphia Athletics team page at Baseball Reference

Philadelphia Athletics (AA) seasons
Philadelphia Athletics season
Philly


Microwave Tube Research & Development Centre (MTRDC) is a laboratory of the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO) in Bangalore. Its primary function is research and development of microwave power products.

References

External links
 DRDO

Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research institutes in Bangalore
Research institutes established in 1984
1984 establishments in Karnataka


"Here I Go Again" is a song recorded by Swedish singer-songwriter E-Type. It was released in November 1998 as the second single from his third album, Last Man Standing and was a hit in several countries, particularly in Sweden and Finland where it reached number-one. Chorus vocals are performed by Nana Hedin.

Critical reception
Pan-European magazine Music & Media wrote, "Packing several hooks and a peppy eurobeat, the track is lushly produced with more than a hint of Jim Steinman's "more is better" approach. Pure pop, very Scandi and very programmable."

Music video
The accompanying music video followed up the theme from "Angels Crying" by featuring an homage to horror movies. It was directed by Mikeodelica. While the video for "Angels Crying" was similar to Friday the 13th, "Here I Go Again" had the same plot as Poltergeist.

Track listings
 CD maxi
 "Here I Go Again" (radio version) — 3:55
 "Here I Go Again" (richi's extended version) — 7:05
 "Here I Go Again" (disco 2000 remix) — 4:54
 "Here I Go Again" (extended version) — 7:36

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

1998 singles
1998 songs
E-Type (musician) songs
Nana Hedin songs
Number-one singles in Finland
Number-one singles in Sweden
Song recordings produced by Max Martin
English-language Swedish songs


Pete Sampras defeated Petr Korda in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1994 Indian Wells Masters.

Jim Courier was the defending champion, but lost to Patrick Rafter in the second round.

Seeds
The top eight seeds receive a bye into the second round.

Draw

Finals

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

External links
 ATP Singles draw

Singles
1994 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup


The 1886 Philadelphia Athletics finished with a 63–72 record and finished in sixth place in the American Association.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1886 Philadelphia Athletics at Baseball Reference

Philadelphia Athletics (AA) seasons
Philadelphia Athletics season
Philly


Natasha Spender, Lady Spender (née  Litvin; 18 April 1919 – 21 October 2010) was an English pianist and author. She was the second wife of the writer Sir Stephen Spender.

She was born in London. Her maternal family emigrated to Britain as Jewish refugees from Lithuania. Her mother, Rachel, learned English after the family settled in Glasgow, and later became an actress at the Old Vic. Her father, who was married to another woman, was the music critic, Edwin Evans.

At age 16, Litvin won a scholarship to the Royal College of Music and studied with Clifford Curzon and Arthur Benjamin. After the Second World War, she gave a concert at the former Bergen-Belsen concentration camp to inmates who were recovering in its hospital wing. She was the soloist in the world's first televised concert for the BBC, the last night of The Proms on 13 September 1947 from the Royal Albert Hall.

She first met Stephen Spender in 1940, marrying him in 1941, and the couple were for many years part of a literary circle which included W. H. Auden, Christopher Isherwood, T. S. Eliot and Sir Isaiah Berlin. They divided their time between their homes in St John's Wood and Mas St Jerome in Provence.

In her forties she was forced to give up the piano because of breast cancer, which affected her arm muscles, but she quickly re-established herself as an academic specialising in the psychology of music, and contributed to the Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. A collection of writings, about her late husband and her passion for gardening, An English Garden in Provence, appeared in 2004.

Lady Spender died on 21 October 2010 at the age of 91. An archive of her papers is held at the Bodleian Library

She had two children with Stephen Spender: their daughter Elizabeth "Lizzie" Spender, previously an actress, is the widow of the Australian actor and satirist Barry Humphries, and their son Matthew Spender is married to the daughter of the Armenian-born artist Arshile Gorky.

References

1919 births
2010 deaths
Alumni of the Royal College of Music
Jewish classical pianists
English classical pianists
English women pianists
English Jews
English writers about music
Wives of knights
Musicians from London
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century English musicians
20th-century English women musicians
British people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
20th-century women pianists


The Rowing Association of American Colleges (1870 to 1894) the first collegiate athletic organization in the United States, was a body governing college rowing. Upon organization by the captains of the leading crews of the day, they devised a primary rule of eligibility: that only undergraduate students should be eligible to represent their college in the regatta. To this day, despite numerous amendments and additions, this rule remains the very foundation of the NCAA rules of eligibility.

Collegiate regatta

This table lists the winners of the marquee events of the championship regattas conducted by the RAAC from its founding through 1894.

On June 30, 1876, Harvard and Yale raced eight-oared boats with coxswains over a 4-mile course on the Connecticut River.Afterward "the Harvard six left for Saratoga. Yale does not row there, and Harvard will not after this year, but the eight-oared bout between Yale and Harvard, so successfully inaugurated to-day, will undoubtedly become an annual and permanent institution."

From 1871 to 1875 Harvard and Yale did not race head-on. Both participated in the RAAC university race from 1872 to 1875 (as Harvard did also in 1871 and 1876), and the Harvard–Yale Regatta  recognizes Harvard–Yale varsity races to be incorporated in those RAAC championships.

See also
 Intercollegiate Rowing Association
 Poughkeepsie Regatta
 National Association of Amateur Oarsmen
  1872 National Association of Amateur Oarsmen.  The Effect of New York's Elite Athletic Clubs

Notes

References

College rowing in the United States
College rowing championships in the United States
1870 establishments in the United States
1894 disestablishments in the United States


Tel-Hai College is a college located in Tel Hai in northern Israel, near  Kibbutz Kfar Giladi and north of Kiryat Shmona.

The college offers academic and continuing education programs for approximately 4,500 students, 70 percent of whom come from outside the Galilee. Minorities comprise about 10 percent of the student body. The college offers degrees in life sciences, social sciences, computer science, and the humanities.

The college sees itself as "an agent of social and economic development in the highly strategic Upper Galilee region." Because of its location at the country's farthest northern border, Tel Hai's mandate extends beyond the area of education to include opportunities for individual and community development and closing social and economic rifts.

Many biology science professors who teach at Tel Hai have research groups at MIGAL where many students also develop their bachelor or master projects.

Center for Learning Disabilities

In 1995, Tel Hai College opened the Center for Learning Disabled Students, the first of its kind in Israel. The center enables students with learning disabilities to thrive and excel in a competitive academic environment and realize their individual potential. The center caters to students with dyslexia (difficulties in organizing and processing written materials), dysgraphia (difficulty with written expression), foreign language learning and many other types of learning disorders. Sophisticated diagnostic tests are used to pinpoint areas of difficulty, so that maximum time and energy can be spent on learning how to overcome them.

See also
List of universities and colleges in Israel

References

External links
The Tel-Hai College Website (English Version)
United Jewish Communities' January 2004 OEP Project of the Month

Colleges in Israel