Charlton Mackrell railway station was a minor railway station serving the village of Charlton Mackrell in Somerset, England, from 1905 until 1962.

History
The station was on the Langport and Castle Cary Railway of the Great Western Railway, and was a temporary terminus station for the railway (serving trains from Castle Cary) before it was finished in 1906.

The station master's house is still in use as private property.

Though the station closed along with the rest of the stops between Castle Cary and Cogload Junction in 1962, the line itself is still in use as part of the Reading to Taunton line.

Services

References

Disused railway stations in Somerset
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1905
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1962
Former Great Western Railway stations


Long Sutton and Pitney railway station was a minor railway station situated in the hamlet of Upton, Somerset, about one mile equidistant from the two larger villages the station was named after.

The station was on the Langport and Castle Cary Railway of the Great Western Railway, and was situated around a mile west from Somerton Tunnel. While it closed in 1962, the line itself is still in use as part of the Reading to Taunton line.

The site is one option being considered in 2021 for a new station to serve the nearby towns of Langport and Somerton.

Services

References

Disused railway stations in Somerset
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1907
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1962
Former Great Western Railway stations


Seven Years in Tibet may refer to:

Book
 Seven Years in Tibet, an autobiographical travel book written by Austrian mountaineer Heinrich Harrer.

Movies
Seven Years in Tibet (1956 film), a British documentary film directed by Hans Nieter
Seven Years in Tibet (1997 film), a film based on the book starring Brad Pitt

Other
"Seven Years in Tibet" (song), a single by David Bowie and Reeves Gabrels from the 1997 album Earthling


Zonda Home provides data and publications relating to commercial property and home construction in North America. The company's publications include Architect, the official magazine of the American Institute of Architects, Builder, the official magazine of the National Association of Builders (NAHB), Pool & Spa News,  Journal of Light Construction, Affordable Housing Finance, and Multifamily Executive.

History
The company was founded as Hanley Wood by Michael M. Wood and Michael J. Hanley in 1976. In August 2005, the company was sold to JPMorgan Partners (now CCMP Capital) and Wood resigned.

In January 2013, the company acquired Metrostudy.

In December 2018, the company was acquired by MidOcean Partners and merged with Meyers Research.

In October 2020, the company was rebranded as Zonda Home.

In April 2021, the company acquired BuzzBuzzHome.

References

External links

Publishing companies of the United States
Market research companies of the United States
Publishing companies established in 1976
Privately held companies based in Washington, D.C.
Private equity portfolio companies
1976 establishments in Washington, D.C.
2012 mergers and acquisitions
Oaktree Capital Management


Gong Jinjie (, born 12 November 1986) is a Chinese professional track cyclist, a member of the provincial Jilin Team since 2002 and the Chinese National Team since 2005. Her coaches include Yongqing Wang () and Sean Eadie.

Career
Gong competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. She and Guo Shuang set a world record of 32.447 seconds in the qualification round of the team sprint event, which they then improved upon with 32.422 in the next round. They went on to finish first in the final against the German team, but were disqualified for an alleged "early relay", and were relegated to the silver medal instead. Gong and Guo's coach Daniel Morelon maintains that the pair were "robbed" of the gold medal, and described it as an "injustice". He complained that the judges refused to provide a "video footage of the race on slow motion", and only provided a "vague explanation" for the infringement they had allegedly committed.

Gong competed in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. She and Zhong Tianshi set a world record of 31.928 seconds in the qualification round of the team sprint event, and won China's first ever Olympics Cycling gold medal in the final by beating the Russian team.

Career highlights

2014
1st  Team Sprint, Asian Games (with Zhong Tianshi)
2015
GP von Deutschland im Sprint
1st Team Sprint (with Zhong Tianshi)
3rd Sprint
2016
1st  Team Sprint, Asian Track Championships (with Zhong Tianshi)

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
Chinese female cyclists
Chinese track cyclists
Place of birth missing (living people)
People from Liaoyuan
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic cyclists for China
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for China
Olympic silver medalists for China
Olympic medalists in cycling
Cyclists from Jilin
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Asian Games medalists in cycling
Cyclists at the 2006 Asian Games
Cyclists at the 2014 Asian Games
Asian Games gold medalists for China
Asian Games silver medalists for China
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
Universiade medalists in cycling
FISU World University Games gold medalists for China
Medalists at the 2011 Summer Universiade


Marc Pincherle was born in Constantine on 13 June 1888 and died in Paris on 20 June 1974. A French musicologist, music critic and violinist, he was the pupil of Louis Laloy, André Pirro and Romain Rolland, among others.

From 1913 on, when the life and works of Antonio Vivaldi became the subject of his doctoral thesis, he was instrumental in the rediscovery of a number of baroque composers. His biography of Vivaldi, published after World War II, was the basis for all further research regarding the composer and is still considered an influential and significant work to this day. He was also the first to organize Vivaldi's works; older publications and recordings often cite the Pincherle (or 'P') numbers, although the 'RV' catalogue devised by Ryom is now almost universally used.

Pincherle was one of the founding members of the Académie Charles-Cros. He has been president of the French association of musicologists Société française de musicologie (1947-1955).

Works
 Vivaldi : Génie du baroque (1948; English translation by Christopher Hatch, 1957)
 Jean-Marie Leclair l’aîné (La Colombe, Paris, 1952)
 Corelli et son temps (Éditions Le Bon Plaisir, Paris, 1954)
 Le Monde des virtuoses (Flammarion, 1961)
 Le Violon (Presses universitaires, 1966)
 Tartiniana (CEDAM, Padua, 1972)
 ''An Illustrated History of Music (Reynal & Co., New York)

References

20th-century French musicologists
People from Constantine, Algeria
1888 births
1974 deaths
French people of Italian descent
Presidents of the Société française de musicologie
Emigrants from French Algeria to France


The 1977 Major League Baseball season saw the American League (AL) having its third expansion, as the Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays began play, with Seattle returning to the MLB fold after a seven-year absence when the Pilots relocated to Milwaukee to become the Brewers. However, the National League (NL) did not expand, remaining at 12 teams compared to the AL's 14, until the Colorado Rockies and Florida Marlins joined the NL in 1993.

The season ended with the New York Yankees winning their 21st World Series title (and first since 1962) over the Los Angeles Dodgers.

Standings

American League

National League

Postseason

Bracket

Awards and honors

Major Awards

Gold Glove Awards

Statistical leaders

All-Star game

Most Valuable Player: Don Sutton, NL

Feats

No-Hitters
Jim Colborn, Kansas City Royals – May 14 vs. Texas Rangers at Royals Stadium (9 IP, 6 SO, 1 BB, 1 HBP in 6–0 win)
Dennis Eckersley, Cleveland Indians – May 30 vs. California Angels at Cleveland Municipal Stadium (9 IP, 12 SO, 1 BB in 1–0 win)
Bert Blyleven, Texas Rangers – September 22 vs. California Angels at Anaheim Stadium (9 IP, 7 SO, 1 BB in 6–0 win)

Cycles
Bob Watson, Houston Astros – June 24 vs. San Francisco Giants
John Mayberry, Kansas City Royals – August 5 vs. Chicago White Sox
Jack Brohamer, Chicago White Sox – September 24 at Seattle Mariners

Career Milestones

400 Home Runs
Willie Stargell, Pittsburgh Pirates – June 29 vs. St. Louis Cardinals at Busch Stadium (2-run home run off Eric Rasmussen)

900 Stolen Bases
Lou Brock, St. Louis Cardinals – September 30 vs. New York Mets at Busch Stadium

Home field attendance

Notable events

January–March
January 2 – Not even a full season into owning the Atlanta Braves, Commissioner Bowie Kuhn suspends Ted Turner for tampering with the signing of Gary Matthews.
January 4 – Mary Shane is hired by the Chicago White Sox as the first woman TV play-by-play announcer.
January 19 – The Baseball Writers' Association of America elects Ernie Banks to the Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.
January 31 – The Special Veterans Committee selects Joe Sewell, Amos Rusie and Al López for the Hall of Fame.
February 3 – The Hall of Fame's Special Committee on the Negro Leagues picks versatile Cuban star Martín Dihigo and shortstop John Henry Lloyd for induction. The committee then dissolves, its functions being taken over by the Veterans Committee.
March 21 – Mark Fidrych, the 1976 AL Rookie of the Year, rips the cartilage in his left knee and will undergo surgery in ten days. The injury will effectively end the fabled career of The Bird.

April–June
May 14 – Journeyman Kansas City Royals pitcher Jim Colborn no-hits the Texas Rangers at Royals Stadium, striking out six, walking one, and hitting one batter in a 6–0 Royals win.  Colborn faces 28 batters, one more than the complete game minimum.
April 6 – The Seattle Mariners open their existence and their home stadium, the Kingdome, with a 7–0 loss to the California Angels.
April 7 – The Toronto Blue Jays play their first game in franchise history, in the snow, defeating the Chicago White Sox 9–5 at Exhibition Stadium.
April 15 – The Montreal Expos play their first game at Montreal's Olympic Stadium before a crowd of 57,592, as the visiting Philadelphia Phillies win 7–2.
April 24 – Canadian Ferguson Jenkins throws the first shutout ever in Exhibition Stadium, as the visiting Boston Red Sox defeat the Toronto Blue Jays 9–0.
May 11 – Atlanta Braves owner Ted Turner names himself manager, and skippers the team to a 2–1 loss to the Pittsburgh Pirates.  National League president Chub Feeney orders him to desist, and soon after, owners are banned from managing.
May 30 – Dennis Eckersley of the Cleveland Indians throws the second no-hitter of the 1977 season, striking out twelve in a 1–0 win over the California Angels at Cleveland Municipal Stadium.  A first inning walk to Tony Solaita is all that prevents Eckersley from throwing the first perfect game since 1968.  The home plate umpire for the game is Bill Deegan, who was also the home plate umpire for Jim Colburn's no-hitter roughly two weeks earlier.
June 7 – The Chicago White Sox select Harold Baines with the number one pick in the draft. White Sox owner Bill Veeck had first seen Baines play Little League ball and had followed his career. Pitcher Bill Gullickson is taken with the second pick by the Montreal Expos, and the Milwaukee Brewers take University of Minnesota infielder Paul Molitor with the third pick. Danny Ainge, a potential pro basketball player, is picked in the 15th round.
June 8 – For the fourth time in his career, Nolan Ryan strikes out 19 batters in a game, doing so against the Toronto Blue Jays.
June 15 – The New York Mets trade Tom Seaver to the Cincinnati Reds for Pat Zachry, Doug Flynn, Steve Henderson and Dan Norman. They then trade Mike Phillips to the St. Louis Cardinals for Joel Youngblood, and send Dave Kingman to the Padres for minor league pitcher Paul Siebert and Bobby Valentine, who will one day manage the Mets.
June 18 – In the sixth inning of an NBC-televised game against the Boston Red Sox at Fenway Park, New York Yankee manager Billy Martin pulls right fielder Reggie Jackson and replaces him with Paul Blair after Jackson misplays Jim Rice's fly ball for a double. As Jackson returns to the dugout, he and Martin exchange words, Martin arguing that Jackson had shown him up by "not hustling" on the play. The Yankee manager lunges at Jackson (who is 18 years younger than Martin and outweighs him by about 40 pounds), and has to be restrained by coaches Yogi Berra and Elston Howard—with the NBC cameras showing the confrontation to the entire country. The Red Sox win, 10–4.
June 24 – In a 6–5 win over the visiting San Francisco Giants, Houston Astros first baseman Bob Watson hits for the cycle.
June 27 – The San Francisco Giants' Willie McCovey smashes two home runs, one a grand slam off reliever Joe Hoerner, in the sixth inning to pace a 14–9 victory over the Cincinnati Reds. McCovey becomes the first player in major league history to twice hit two home runs in one inning (his first time was on April 12, 1973), and also becomes the all-time National League leader with 17 career grand slams. Andre Dawson, in both 1978 and 1986, will be the next player to hit two homers in the same inning.
June 29 – Willie Stargell of the Pittsburgh Pirates hits his 400th career home run when he takes St. Louis Cardinals pitcher Eric Rasmussen deep for a two-run shot in the fifth inning of a 9–1 Pirates' victory at Busch Stadium.

July–September

July 19 – In the All-Star Game at Yankee Stadium, the National League defeats the American League for the 14th time in the last 15 encounters. Don Sutton of the Los Angeles Dodgers is named MVP.
August 5 – Kansas City Royals designated hitter John Mayberry hits for the cycle in a 12–2 win over the visiting Chicago White Sox.
August 12 – For the second consecutive day, Manny Sanguillén of the Oakland Athletics foils a no-hit bid with a single hit off the Baltimore Orioles' Jim Palmer, who settles for a two-hit 6–0 victory. Yesterday's hit was off the New York Yankees' Mike Torrez, who finished with a 3–0 two-hitter.
August 27 – Toby Harrah and Bump Wills of the Texas Rangers become the first players in Major League history to hit back-to-back inside the park home runs.  They do so in a game against the New York Yankees.
August 29 – St. Louis Cardinals outfielder Lou Brock steals two bases in a 4–3 loss to the San Diego Padres. It is the 893rd career stolen base for Brock, breaking Ty Cobb's modern record.
September 9 – In the second game of a double header in Boston, the Detroit Tigers debut their new second baseman, Lou Whitaker, and their new shortstop, Alan Trammell.  They will play side by side for 19 years to establish a new Major League record for tandem play at those positions.
September 10 – Roy Howell hits two home runs, two doubles, and a single, and drives in nine runs, as Toronto beats the Yankees 19–3.
September 15 – The California Angels trade Dave Kingman to the New York Yankees for pitcher Randy Stein. Having also played with the New York Mets and San Diego Padres earlier in the season, Kingman becomes the first – and only – Major League Baseball player to play in all four divisions in one season.
September 15 – Earl Weaver pulls his Baltimore Orioles from the field at Exhibition Stadium citing "hazardous conditions" caused by a small tarp weighed down by bricks covering the bullpen mound.  This results in a forfeiture of the game to the Toronto Blue Jays.
September 22 – Texas Rangers pitcher Bert Blyleven throws the third and final no-hitter of the 1977 season, striking out seven and walking one in a 6–0 win over the California Angels at Anaheim Stadium.
September 24 – Second baseman Jack Brohamer of the Chicago White Sox becomes the third man of the season to hit for the cycle, accomplishing the feat in an 8–3 win over the Seattle Mariners at the Kingdome.
September 25 – California Angels pitcher Nolan Ryan notches his 341st strikeout of the season, the fifth highest single season total in American League history.  Ryan set the American League single-season record four years earlier when he struck out 383 batters in 1973.
September 30 – Lou Brock of the St. Louis Cardinals steals the 900th base of his career in a 7–2 win over the New York Mets at Busch Stadium, becoming just the second man in baseball history to reach the plateau.

October–December
October 7 – In Game Three of the National League Championship Series at Philadelphia's Veterans Stadium, the Los Angeles Dodgers were down 5–3 with 2 outs in the 9th inning. Pinch-hitter Vic Davalillo beats out a 2-strike drag bunt and pinch-hitter Manny Mota follows with a long double off Greg Luzinski's glove. Mota reaches third on a throw that Ted Sizemore mishandles. Davey Lopes' grounder caroms off Mike Schmidt's knee to Larry Bowa, and the shortstop's throw is ruled late although television replays and a scene from a 1977 Philadelphia Phillies highlight film showed that Lopes was out. Los Angeles pulls out a 6–5 victory over the Phillies.
October 18 – New York Yankees right fielder Reggie Jackson hits three first-pitch home runs, in consecutive at-bats, during the decisive Game 6 of the World Series, leading the crowd to serenade him with chants of "Reg-gie! Reg-gie!" after his final home run lands deep in "the black" (center field bleachers). Jackson's historic feat powers the Yankees to an 8–4 win and a four-games-to-two Series victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers. The World Series title is the Yankees' first since 1962 and their 21st overall.
November 22 – Andre Dawson of the Montreal Expos wins the National League Rookie of the Year Award by one vote over Steve Henderson of the New York Mets. Dawson hit .282 with 19 home runs and 65 RBI, while Henderson had .297, 12, 65.
December 8 – In an unusual four team, off-season trade, the Atlanta Braves sent Willie Montañez to the New York Mets. Then, the Texas Rangers sent Adrian Devine, Tommy Boggs and Eddie Miller to the Braves; Tom Grieve and a player to be named later to the Mets, and Bert Blyleven to the Pittsburgh Pirates. The Pirates sent Al Oliver and Nelson Norman to the Rangers, and the Mets sent Jon Matlack to the Rangers and John Milner to the Pirates. The Rangers later sent Ken Henderson to the Mets to complete the trade (March 15, 1978).

Television coverage
ABC aired  Monday Night Baseball and the World Series. NBC televised the weekend Game of the Week, the All-Star Game, and both League Championship Series.

References

External links
1977 Major League Baseball season schedule at Baseball Reference

Major League Baseball seasons


Varekilsnäs is a community located on the island of Orust in Bohuslän, on the Swedish west coast. It is the first village you meet when you enter Orust on road 160 from Tjörn.

Varekilsnäs has records from 14th century, but is today more known for its scenic location and beautiful views over the archipelago.

External links
Pictures from Varekilsnäs - Pictures

Populated places in Västra Götaland County


"Agua Mala" is the thirteenth episode of the sixth season of the science fiction television series The X-Files. It premiered on the Fox network on February 21, 1999, in the United States. The episode was written by David Amann, and directed by Rob Bowman. The episode is a "Monster-of-the-Week" story, unconnected to the series' wider mythology. "Agua Mala" earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.1, being watched by 16.9 million people in its initial broadcast. The episode received mostly mixed to negative reviews.

The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work. In this episode, Arthur Dales, now living in a Florida trailer park, calls Mulder and Scully for help when a neighboring family disappears; and, with a hurricane approaching, Mulder and Scully find themselves trapped with a group of residents in a building where there is something in the water.

"Agua Mala" was Amann's second story for The X-Files. The original idea for the episode featured a monster loose in an abandoned gold mine. Darren McGavin makes a second appearance as Arthur Dales after being introduced in "Travelers." After suffering a stroke, he would later be replaced by M. Emmet Walsh in "The Unnatural." The episode was notable for its sheer amount of water and its lack of bright lighting, a stylistic approach that Gillian Anderson likened to filming in Vancouver.

Plot
In Goodland, Florida, during a fierce hurricane, Sara Shipley and her son, Evan, desperately try to flip the washing machine but fail to do so as tentacles ensnare them. After receiving a call, FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) arrive at the home of retired FBI agent Arthur Dales (Darren McGavin), the first to look into the X-Files. He tells them about the Shipley family and how Sara Shipley called him in a panic after her husband was attacked by something in the bathroom with tentacles. Scully is dubious about this but believes that something has indeed happened to the Shipley family during this hurricane.

Mulder and Scully go to the Shipley house and find the bathroom door barricaded shut, no sign of any people. The two have a brief run-in with Deputy Greer who believes they are burglars until Mulder disarms the man and Scully shows him her FBI ID. They attempt to go to the airport but are trapped by the hurricane. Elsewhere at the Breakers Condominiums, Deputy Greer encounters the creature after finding a dead man covered in a slimy substance on a toilet. Mulder and Scully later find the deputy's vehicle parked outside the apartments. Searching the building, they discover Greer on the ground, his neck covered with red welts. Mulder goes around the complex to find the rest of the people and warn them that the thing is in the plumbing. He encounters Dougie, a looter, Walter Suarez whose girlfriend Angela Villareal is nine months pregnant, and George Vincent, an anti-government gun rights activist. Mulder attempts to get Vincent to come out and join them for his own protection. Vincent refuses but, after being attacked by the creature in his apartment, relents. Mulder hypothesizes that the entity attacking them was driven from the bottom of the sea by the hurricane into the city's water system.

Dougie steals the deputy's wedding ring and knocks over a container of Epsom salts into the tub where the unconscious Greer is soaking after Scully removed several specimens from his neck wounds. While Angela Villareal relieves herself, she spots the creature in the tub with the deputy. Mulder and Scully enter the bathroom and find the clothes of the deputy but the man gone. Mulder theorizes that the entity does not just live in water but is a living form of water, becoming visible only when it attacks. He believes that the creature uses people as hosts to reproduce, with the body's water content being used to feed the growth of new creatures. Mulder realizes that everyone needs to evacuate.

Charging outside, Mulder is attacked by the creature in the hall. When he returns with the welts all over his throat, George Vincent slams the door and takes them all hostage, leaving Mulder to die in the hallway. Angela goes into labor and Scully finds herself forced to deliver a baby. However, water collects in the light fixture above them and the creature appears. It grabs George Vincent by the neck. Scully tells Walter Suarez to aim for the sprinklers, realizing that the freshwater kept the creature at bay, as with the deputy until Epsom salt was added to the water. Suarez shoots them and saves Vincent's life. Meanwhile, Mulder realizes that freshwater is the key also, and runs out into the rain to heal his wounds.

The next morning, the creature has vanished, the newborn baby has survived and is healthy, and Mulder starts recovering quite well. After hearing the agents' story, a relieved Dales says that he would have not retired from the FBI if he had had a partner like Scully. He decides to celebrate with the agents now that the storm is over; he asks them if they would like some water, to which they quickly reply "No!"

Production

Writing
"Agua Mala", which was written by David Amann (making it his second story for The X-Files after "Terms of Endearment"), went through several very different drafts. Amann was originally tasked with bringing back the character of Arthur Dales, and his first story revolved around a monster lurking in an abandoned gold mine. Frank Spotnitz, the show's executive producer, was not drawn to the mine aspect, but he enjoyed the concept of a monster running amok in an enclosed space. Amann subsequently redeveloped the idea, setting the episode during a hurricane and featuring a sea monster as the primary antagonist. Originally, the sea monster was blown onto dry land and crawled into the building before Amann decided to re-write it as living water.

Director Rob Bowman was worried that the episode's monster would not be "scary" and thus the story would not be "compelling". Bowman therefore used unique camera angles and quick cuts to make the episode feel "a hell of a lot better than [he] was afraid it might". The monster itself was created by special effects makeup supervisor John Vulich, a task he considered "the single most difficult thing [he] did all season". The tentacles were created out of a combination of silicone and urethane. The "octopus bite marks" numbered in the hundreds and required 90 minutes to apply.

The episode's title, "Agua Mala", means bad water in Spanish. Aguamala is also the slang name for the Portuguese Man o' War, a venomous jellyfish similar in form to the episode's primary antagonist.

Casting
Darren McGavin appears in this episode as Arthur Dales, making this his second episode in the series after being introduced in "Travelers". McGavin, noted for his role in Kolchak: The Night Stalker, was originally the casting directors' first choice for the role of Senator Matheson in the second season episode "Little Green Men". McGavin was later sought out to play the role of Mulder's dad. In the end, McGavin finally agreed to appear on the show playing Arthur Dales, the agent who founded the X-Files. McGavin was also slated to appear in the Duchovny-penned episode "The Unnatural", but two days into production, he suffered a stroke, forcing the producers to remove his scenes and replace them with another "Arthur Dales", played by M. Emmet Walsh.

Filming
The episode was notable both for the amount of water required and for its near-lack of vibrant light. Regarding the latter, Bowman did not film "anything for that episode during daylight, or with anything brighter than a flashlight or an emergency lamp in the hallway". the director also explained that "Agua Mala" was difficult to film because when a crew or cast member got too wet, they "had to stop everything to dry them off". Gillian Anderson and David Duchovny, in particular, were "water-logged" for a majority of the episode's filming. Anderson later joked, "I mean, we got drenched. It was like we were back in Vancouver!" (The show had previously filmed in Vancouver from season one to five before moving to Los Angeles, California, at the beginning of the sixth season.) During filming, costume designer Christine Peters was required to bring six dry replicas of each character's wardrobe to prevent pneumonia.

The apartment featured in the episode was built from scratch on a sound stage. Production designer Corey Kaplan received the script for "Agua Mala" around Christmas and, realizing the amount of work, immediately began drawing up plans for the set. When production for the episode wrapped, the entire set was thrown away because it had been ruined by the water.

Reception

Ratings
"Agua Mala" first aired in the United States on February 21, 1999. This episode earned a Nielsen rating of 10.1, meaning that roughly 10.1 percent of all television-equipped households were tuned in to the episode. It was viewed by 16.90 million viewers. The episode aired in the United Kingdom and Ireland on Sky1 on June 6, 1999, and received 0.95 million viewers, making it the third most watched episode that week. Fox promoted the episode with the tagline "Tonight, a creature living in our water has just gotten thirsty, for us."

Reviews
The episode received mixed to negative reviews from critics. Michael Liedtke and George Avalos, in a review of the sixth season in The Charlotte Observer, called the episode "just plain bad". Emily VanDerWerff of The A.V. Club roundly criticized the episode and awarded it a "D−", calling it "a famously bad episode of The X-Files." She noted that "the worst thing about 'Agua Mala' is that it comes so very, very close to working that it’s frustrating to see just how little it actually does" due to its bizarre structure and convoluted antagonist. VanDerWerff criticized Darren McGavin's appearance in the episode, calling it a "glorified cameo", and noted that his character functions as the "kind of old man who stands on his porch and yells about the good old days to the neighborhood kids." She did however, call the shot of the "writhing tentacle in the overhead lamp" the "one good thing" in the episode. Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson, in their book Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen, rated the episode one-and-a-half stars out of five, writing that the episode's "laughs aren't clever, and the scares are silly".

Not all reviews were completely negative; others were more mixed. Tom Kessenich, in his book Examination: An Unauthorized Look at Seasons 6–9 of the X-Files gave the episode a mixed review, writing "as far as [Monsters of the Weeks] go, 'Agua Mala' was pretty standard fare." However, he criticized the episodes resolution, noting that Scully should have had no way to know pure water would kill the creature. Paula Vitaris from Cinefantastique gave the episode a mixed review and awarded it two stars out of four. Vitaris wrote that, "'Agua Mala' won't end up on anybody's 'best of' list, but it's so silly that it's sort of fun." Timothy Sexton from Yahoo! News named "The Hurricane Monster" as one of "The Best X-Files Monsters of the Week", writing, "I'll tell you one thing about this X-Files episode and this X-Files monster: you'll never go to the bathroom during a rainstorm again without thinking twice."

Awards
"Agua Mala" earned an ASC Award by the American Society of Cinematographers for Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography – Regular Series.

See also
 List of unmade episodes of The X-Files

Footnotes

Bibliography

External links

The X-Files (season 6) episodes
1999 American television episodes
Television episodes set in Florida


Orkus Presents the best of 2000 is a German 2-CD compilation album released in 2000, through EFA records Germany and is the follow-up to Orkus Presents the best of 1999. The album is a mixture of Heavy Metal, Electronic and Rock music.

Track listing

Disc 1

 HIM - Poison Girl
 In Extremo - Vollmond
 Phillip Boa & The Voodooclub - Rome in the Rain
 Theatre of Tragedy -  Commute
 The Cassandra Complex - Twice as Good (Apoptygma Berzerk Remix)
 L'Ame Immortelle - Epitaph
 Die Form - Deep Inside
 Janus - Rorschach
 Atrocity - Wilder Schmetterling
 Covenant - One World One Sky
 Zeromancer - Clone Your Lover
 Love Like Blood - 7 Seconds
 Umbra et Imago - Mea Culpa
 Tanzwut - Bitte bitte (cover version)
 And One - Wasted
 Diary of Dreams - Butterfly: Dance!

Disc 2

 VNV Nation - Standing
 Suicide Commando - Comatose Delusion (Overdose Shot One)
 ASP - Schwarze Schmetterling
 Corvus Corax - Estuans Intrisecus
 Illuminate - Dunkellicht
 Sanguis Et Cinis - Secret and Sin
 Cinema Strange - Lindsay's Trachea
 The 69 Eyes - Gothic Girl
 Crematory - Act Seven
 Samsas Traum - Für Immer
 Fields of the Nephilim - One More Nightmare (Trees Come Down A.D.)
 Clan of Xymox - Number 1
 The Second Sight - Tomorrow
 In Strict Confidence - Kiss Your Shadow
 Terminal Choice - No Chance
 Hocico - Poltergeist

References

External links

2000 compilation albums


Adam Nable (born 4 September 1975) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played for the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, Wakefield Trinity, Balmain Tigers, Wests Tigers and North Queensland Cowboys. He later played for the New York Knights in the American National Rugby League, and was vice-captain there. He is the brother of player-turned-filmmaker Matt Nable.

Playing career
Nable made his first grade debut for Manly-Warringah in Round 22 1995, coming off the bench in a 32-4 victory over South Sydney at Brookvale Oval.  This would be Nable's only appearance for Manly.  The club would go on to win the minor premiership but were defeated in the grand final by Canterbury-Bankstown.

In 1997, Nable joined Balmain and became a regular in the team over the next 3 seasons.  In August 1999, Nable played in the club's final top grade game as a stand-alone entity, a 42-14 loss to the Canberra Raiders at Bruce Stadium.

At the end of 1999, Balmain merged with fellow foundation club Western Suburbs to form the Wests Tigers, with Nable chosen as one of the Balmain players chosen to represent the new side. In February 2020,  Nable played in the club's inaugural game which, a 24-24 draw with the Brisbane Broncos at Campbelltown Stadium.

At the end of the 2000 season, Nable was released by Wests and he joined North Queensland for the 2001 season.  Nable made one appearance for North Queensland which came against Penrith in Round 4 2001 at Cazaly's Stadium.

References

Further reading
 Whiticker, Alan and Hudson, Glen; The Encyclopedia of Rugby League Players; published 2005 by BAS publishing, f16/171 Collins St, Melbourne, Vic., 3000

1975 births
Living people
Australian rugby league players
Balmain Tigers players
Manly Warringah Sea Eagles players
New York Knights players
North Queensland Cowboys players
People from Wodonga
Wakefield Trinity players
Wests Tigers players
Rugby league players from Victoria (state)


LaVilla is a historic African American neighborhood of Jacksonville, Florida and a was formerly an independent city. It developed after the American Civil War and was eventually annexed to the city of Jacksonville in 1887 and is now considered part of downtown.

It was struck by the Great Fire of 1901. During its height, the area was considered "the mecca for African American culture and heritage" in Florida, particularly its northern sections. It remains primarily an African-American neighborhood. The Ritz Theatre, Richmond Hotel, and the Clara White Mission are among the historic buildings in the area. Several are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The area became a transportation hub with rail service developed by Henry Flagler and was also a cigar making center that included Greek and Syrian immigrants.

Location
LaVilla lies to the northwest in Jacksonville's downtown. It is bounded by State Street to the north, I-95 to the west, Broad Street to the east, and Brooklyn to the south.

History

19th-century

John Jones, an Anglo-American colonist, received a Spanish land grant for much of this area in 1801, when this part of Florida was still Spanish territory.

At different points in the American Civil War, when Jacksonville and northeastern Florida were under Union control, the area was the site of a large Union garrison. Many slaves sought refuge with Union troops and, under the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863, gained freedom. After the war, the town attracted additional freedmen, some of whom left rural areas, and was incorporated as LaVilla.

The town developed as a suburb to Jacksonville during the Reconstruction era. The population was mostly black, and many Black citizens were elected to positions in Lavilla's government, including mayor and councilmen. In 1887 LaVilla and five other suburbs, including Riverside and Springfield, were annexed by the City of Jacksonville. It became a neighborhood of the city.

20th-century
In 1902, the state legislature passed a new constitution, adopting barriers to voter registration and voting that resulted in the deliberate disfranchisement of African Americans to exclude them from politics. The part of LaVilla north of Adams Street was for many years a center of African-American life and culture in Jacksonville. The southern part of the neighborhood was developed as a major railroad hub in the late 19th century; several rail lines met at Union Station (now adapted for use as the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center). For a time, this was Jacksonville's primary red light district.

Author Stephen Crane frequented LaVilla during his time in Jacksonville; he met his future wife, Cora Crane, who was at the time a brothel proprietor.

Lavilla was the site of the Great Fire of 1901, which spread and destroyed most of downtown, but the neighborhood was largely spared. In the first half of the 20th century, the neighborhood was an important center of African-American culture. A vibrant music and entertainment scene emerged, attracting many nationally renowned jazz artists to play at local black clubs on and off Ashely Street. Such clubs were segregated under the state laws that imposed Jim Crow. In 1929 the Ritz Theatre opened, becoming an important stop on what was called the Chitlin' Circuit for black entertainers. It became LaVilla's primary performance venue.

The area on Ashley Street west of Broad Street, to and including Davis Street, included landmarks such as Nick’s Pool Parlor, as well as the Strand, the Frolic, the Globe and the Roosevelt theaters. The Wynn/Egmont Hotel was known to provide the best accommodations for touring performers; the Boston Chop House, Mama’s Restaurant and Hayes Luncheonette served good food; the Lenape Bar and Manuel's Taproom were the favorite watering holes. The Ritz Theatre and The Knights of Pythias Hall hosted numerous famous performers.

In the 1930s the "Negro" section of the Federal Writers Project in Florida was based in LaVilla. Zora Neal Hurston was involved from 1935 until 1937.

After the 1960s, the neighborhood entered a period of precipitous decline. The railroad industry restructured, leading to a massive loss of jobs here and across the country. In addition, the construction of I-95 disrupted and divided the neighborhood. With the end of legal segregation following civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s, many residents left the area to pursue newer housing and work opportunities elsewhere.

During the 1980s the crack cocaine epidemic hit hard among struggling residents of LaVilla, resulting in an increase in crime and furthering the decline. According to General Counsel Rick Mullaney, who was chief of staff under Mayor Ed Austin, the area became "nothing but crack houses, prostitution and crime."

The 1993 River City Renaissance plan crafted by Mayor Ed Austin allocated millions of dollars to renovating and developing LaVilla. Dilapidated buildings were torn down and significant historical structures, such as the Ritz Theatre, were restored or reconstructed, often in public-private partnerships. The Ritz also serves as the LaVilla Heritage tourism has been emphasized.

Transportation
LaVilla is served by the Jacksonville Transportation Authority's zero-fare Jacksonville Skyway automated people mover system and an extensive bus network.

Current Skyway Stations in LaVilla

 Jefferson at Jefferson Street & Bay Street, serving the Federal Reserve Building and Courthouse.
 Convention Center on Bay Street serving the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center.

Attractions and characteristics

Venues, such as the Ritz Theatre, showcased black entertainers and catered to black audiences. The theatre still host shows and also offers visitors a look at black history.

The Jacksonville branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta is located on Water Street at the southern bounds of LaVilla.

The southern part of the neighborhood was once a major railroad hub, with several rail lines meeting at Union Station (now the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center), and probably not coincidentally, was also for a period Jacksonville's primary red light district.

LaVilla School of the Arts is a popular magnet middle school in Duval County that follows in the performance and art traditions of the Ritz/LaVilla area. Ritz Voices is a 100-member youth choir in the area.

The Clara White Mission is also located in LaVilla in the former Globe Theatre.

Mayors of LaVilla
Francis F. L’Engle (1866)
Mitchell P. Chappelle (1874–1876)
Alfred Grant (1876–1877), also served as a councilman state representative
1887 - LaVilla is annexed by the City of Jacksonville

References

External links

LaVilla School of the Arts official website

Neighborhoods in Jacksonville, Florida
History of Jacksonville, Florida
African-American history in Jacksonville, Florida
Former municipalities in Florida
Downtown Jacksonville
LaVilla, Jacksonville


A sovereign wealth fund (SWF) is a fund owned by a state (or a political subdivision of a federal state) composed of financial assets such as stocks, bonds, property or other financial instruments. Sovereign wealth funds are entities that manage the national savings for the purposes of investment. The accumulated funds may have their origin in, or may represent, foreign currency deposits, gold, special drawing rights (SDRs) and International Monetary Fund (IMF) reserve position held by central banks and monetary authorities, along with other national assets such as pension investments, oil funds, or other industrial and financial holdings. These are assets of the sovereign nations which are typically held in domestic and different reserve currencies such as the dollar, euro and yen. The names attributed to the management entities may include central banks, official investment companies, sovereign oil funds, among others.

Some countries may have more than one SWF. Also, while the United States does not have a federal sovereign wealth fund, several of its states have their own SWFs. The list does not include pension funds that don't meet the SWF criteria.

Notes

References

 SWF Institute - Organization dedicated to analyzing Sovereign Wealth Funds and Public Pension Funds

Lists of countries by economic indicator


USS Mountrail (APA/LPA-213) was a  of the US Navy in World War II, the Korean War and Vietnam War era. She was of the VC2-S-AP5 Victory ship design type. Mountrail was named for Mountrail County, North Dakota.

Construction
Mountrail was laid down 24 June 1944, under Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract , MCV hull 561, by Permanente Metals Corporation, Yard No. 2, Richmond, California; launched 20 September 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Margaret H. Marshall; and commissioned 16 November 1944.

Service history

World War II
Following shakedown, Mountrail embarked troops at Seattle and sailed for the Philippines 10 January 1945.

Invasion of Okinawa

Reaching Leyte Gulf 21 February, she put to sea with men of the 77th Infantry Division for amphibious training off Leyte before departing San Pedro Bay 21 March to join a convoy for the Okinawa invasion. She arrived off Kerama Retto 26 March. While she landed troops 2 April, her gunners shot down three planes.

Transport duties
Mountrail departed Kerama Retto and arrived San Francisco 22 May, to load troops for the Philippines, whom she disembarked at Manila. Returning San Francisco 5 August, she sailed with more troops, landing them at Batangas, Luzon, 11 September. At Leyte Gulf she took on occupation troops whom she landed at Hakodate, Japan, 4 October. then carried Marines from Japan to Qingdao, China, before sailing for home 5 November.

First decommissioning
She decommissioned 12 July 1946, and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Stockton, California.

Korean War
With the outbreak of the Korean War, Mountrail recommissioned 9 September 1950, and sailed 22 December, for the Far East to carry men between Japan and Korea until returning San Diego 2 August 1951. On 28 May 1952, she sailed for her second tour of duty with the 7th Fleet operating between Hong Kong and Korea for the next 6 months. On 14 October 1952, she joined in the feint off Kojo, Korea, which tricked the Communists completely.

Operation "Passage to Freedom"
Mountrail returned to Long Beach in December and trained on the West Coast until sailing for Japan 28 November 1953. She sailed between the Philippines and Japan until August. when she Joined Operation Passage to Freedom, the massive evacuation of refugees from North to South Vietnam.

Second decommissioning
She returned to Pacific Reserve Fleet, Long Beach 9 October 1954, and decommissioned 1 October 1955, to return to the Pacific Reserve Fleet, and later transferred to the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Suisun Bay, California, 7 June 1960.

Third commission

Mountrail recommissioned 22 November 1961, and sailed to join Amphibious Squadron 12, US Atlantic Fleet. During training, she operated in the Atlantic and Caribbean, strengthening American forces at Guantánamo Bay during the Cuban Missile Crisis of fall 1962. In October and November 1964 she took part in NATO landing exercises in southern Spain, and 8 February 1965, she left Norfolk, Virginia for her first deployment with the 6th Fleet. She took part in exercises off Norway in June and July, returning Norfolk 20 July.

Into 1969, Mountrail had continued annual deployments with the 6th Fleet, strengthening the amphibious capability of this bulwark of freedom in the Mediterranean.

Final decommissioning
She was decommissioned 13 August 1970, with delivery to the Maritime Administration (MARAD) the same day. Mountrail was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, James River Group, Lee Hall, Virginia. She was struck from the Navy Vessel Register on 1 December 1976. On 19 September 1984, she was withdrawn from the fleet for stripping, being returned 14 August 1985.

On 28 September 1989, she was traded-out, along with Santa Barbara, , and , to Exxon Shipping Company, for Exxon Lexington. She was immediately resold to Rivson International, Inc. On 15 March 1990, she was again sold by Bomar Resources, formerly Rivson Int., Inc., to Eckhardt Marine, Gmbh, for scrapping in India or Bangladesh. She was withdrawn from the fleet 1 June 1990, with scrapping in India final 21 May 1991.

Awards
Mountrail received one battle star for World War II service and three for Korean War service.

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

Online resources

External links

Haskell-class attack transports
Mountrail County, North Dakota
World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States
Troop ships
Ships built in Richmond, California
1944 ships
Pacific Reserve Fleet, Stockton Group
Pacific Reserve Fleet, Long Beach Group
Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet
James River Reserve Fleet


The Diocese of Dunkeld may refer to:

Diocese of Dunkeld, one of the 13 historical dioceses of the Scottish church
Roman Catholic Diocese of Dunkeld, modern Roman Catholic diocese resurrected in the late 19th century upon the model of the old diocese, but based at Dundee
Diocese of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane, Scottish episcopal created in the 18th century on the model of three earlier dioceses combined, and based at Perth


The United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1958 was an election for California's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred as part of the general election of the House of Representatives on November 4, 1958. Democrats picked up three seats, taking a majority of the delegation, which they would keep ever since except for a brief tie with the Republicans in the 104th Congress.

Overview

Results
Final results from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

District 1

District 2

District 3

District 4

District 5

District 6

District 7

District 8

District 9

District 10

District 11

District 12

District 13

District 14

District 15

District 16

District 17

District 18

District 19

District 20

District 21

District 22

District 23

District 24

District 25

District 26

District 27

District 28

District 29

District 30

See also
86th United States Congress
Political party strength in California
Political party strength in U.S. states
1958 United States House of Representatives elections

References
California Elections Page
Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives

External links
California Legislative District Maps (1911-Present)
RAND California Election Returns: District Definitions

1958
California
United States House of Representatives


In the Affirmative () is a 1962 French film by Claude Lelouch. Though Lelouch had experienced failure with his debut feature Le Propre de l'homme, he managed to gain favourable exposure when the film was sent to be exhibited in Sweden and earned compliments from Swedish film director Ingmar Bergman. It was entered into the 14th Berlin International Film Festival.

Plot
The film is a road movie that follows a middle aged man who gives a young woman a lift. On the car radio, news bulletins warn the population against a recently escaped sadist who is known to prey on young women and children. Lelouch often cuts away from the main story, if only briefly, to parallel events that are not necessarily crucial to the story but illustrate what is suggested by the radio.

Cast
 Guy Mairesse - Robert Blam
 Janine Magnan - L'auto-stoppeuse (hitchhiker)
 Jean Franval - Un policier (policeman) (as Franval)
 Richard Saint-Bris - Le commissaire (superintendent) (as Saint-Bris)
 France-Noëlle - La patronne de l'hôtel (hotelier)
 Jacques Martin - Le journaliste (journalist)
 Jean Daurand - Le patron du relais routier (truck-stop owner) (as Daurand)
 Bernard Papineau - (as Papineau)
 Mosin
 Joëlle Picaud - La victime du bois (victim in the woods)
 Lyonnais
 Jacqueline Morane - (as Morane)
 Rita Maiden - La servante du restaurant (restaurant waitress)

References

External links

1962 films
1960s French-language films
Films directed by Claude Lelouch
1962 drama films
French black-and-white films
1960s French films


is a railway station on the Gotemba Line in the eastern part of the city of Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central). It is one of the gateway stations to Mount Fuji and the Fuji Five Lakes (including Lake Kawaguchi and Lake Yamanaka).

Lines
Gotemba Station is served by the Gotemba Line, and is located  35.5 kilometers from the official starting point of the line at .  The limited express train Mt. Fuji runs between Shinjuku (Tokyo) and this station via Matsuda.

Station layout
Gotemba Station has a single side platform and a single island platform serving three tracks. The station building has automated ticket machines, IC card TOICA automated turnstiles, and a staffed ticket office. The station building is elevated above the platforms.

Platforms

History

Gotemba Station opened on February 1, 1889 as one of the original stations of the Tōkaidō Main Line between  and .

From 1955, in a joint operation with Odakyu Electric Railway, JNR began operating the limited express Asagiri service from  to Gotemba.

Along with its division and privatization of JNR on April 1, 1987, the station came under the control and operation of the Central Japan Railway Company.

Station numbering was introduced to the Gotemba Line in March 2018; Gotemba Station was assigned station number CB10.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2017, the station was used by an average of 4879 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

Surrounding area
Gotemba Minami High School
Gotemba High School

Bus terminals
Bus tickets can be bought at Bus Information on each side. "Hakone Free Pass" (excursion ticket) can be bought at Tourist Information on Hakone Otome side.
Mount Fuji side
for Kawaguchiko Station (Lake Kawaguchi) via Mt. Fuji Station (Fujikyuko Line) and Lake Yamanaka, by Fujikyu Bus
for  Mount Fuji 5th stage and Camp Fuji (USMC), by Fujikyu Bus
for Ten-yu via Miyagino, Gora Station, Hakone Open-Air Museum and Yunessun, by Hakone Tozan Bus (afternoon)
for Yokohama Station, by Fuji Express and Sotetsu Bus
for Kyōto Station, Ōsaka Station, Namba Station, and Ōsaka Abenobashi Station, by Fujikyu Shonan Bus and Kintetsu Bus
Hakone Otome side
for Gotemba Premium Outlets, by Free Shuttle Bus
for Hakone Area (Togendai (Lake Ashi)) via Otome Toge and Sengoku (transfer for Gora Station, Miyanoshita, Hakone Yumoto Station, and Odawara Station), by Odakyu Hakone Highway Bus
for Ten-yu via Miyagino, Gora Station, Hakone Open-Air Museum and Yunessun, by Hakone Tozan Bus (before noon)
for Shinjuku Station (in Tokyo) via Tōmei-Gotemba (transfer for Tōmei Expressway Bus for JR Shizuoka Station and JR Nagoya Station), by Odakyu Hakone Highway Bus
for Haneda Airport via JR Yokohama Station, by Odakyu Hakone Highway Bus (joint operation with Keikyu Bus)

See also
 List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links

 Gotemba Station information (JR Central)
 Train Timetable for Matsuda (transfer for Shinjuku and Odawara via Odakyu Line), Kozu, Yokohama and Tokyo direction (JR Central)
 Train Timetable for Numazu, Mishima (transfer for Shinkansen) and Shizuoka direction (JR Central)

Railway stations in Japan opened in 1889
Railway stations in Shizuoka Prefecture
Gotemba Line
Stations of Central Japan Railway Company
Gotemba, Shizuoka


Ben Berden (born 29 September 1975 in Hasselt) is a Belgian professional racing cyclist specializing in cyclocross. Berden was caught for doping in January 2005, immediately admitted to it, and was ultimately banned from the sport for 15 months.

Career highlights

1993–1994
, World U19 Cyclo-Cross Championship, Koksijde
1995–1996
 U23 Cyclo-Cross Champion, Overijse
3rd, Leudelange, Cyclo-cross
1996–1997
2nd, National U23 Cyclo-Cross Championship, Hoogstraten
2nd, Paal-Beringen, Cyclo-cross
1997–1998
2nd, Koningshooikt, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Fond-de-Gras, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Paal-Beringen, Cyclo-cross
1998–1999
1st, Overall, Ronde van Vlaams-Brabant
 Winner Stage 1, Heverlee
1st, Bredene, Cyclo-cross
1st, Eernegem, Cyclo-cross
1st, Muhlenbach, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Duffel, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Ruiselede/Doomkerke, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Koppenberg, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Eeklo, Cyclo-cross
1999–2000
2nd, Ostend, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Koningshooikt, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Eeklo, Cyclo-cross
2000–2001
1st, Zelzate, Cyclo-cross
2001–2002
1st, Eernegem, Cyclo-cross
1st, Zürich-Waid, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Rijkevorsel, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Zonnebeke, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Wielsbeke, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Muhlenbach, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Ostend, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Wortegem-Petegem, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Baal, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Otegem, Cyclo-cross
2002–2003
1st, Châteaubernard, Cyclo-cross
1st, Koksijde, Cyclo-cross
1st, Lieshout, Cyclo-cross
1st, Heerlen, Cyclo-cross
1st, Oostmalle, Cyclo-cross
1st, Wortegem-Petegem, Cyclo-cross
1st, Magstadt, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Sint-Niklaas, Cyclo-cross
2nd, National Cyclo-Cross Championship, Wielsbeke
2nd, Pijnacker-Nootdorp, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Lanarvily, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Kalmthout, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Wortegem-Petegem, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Baal, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Wetzikon, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Eeklo, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Hoogerheide, Cyclo-cross
2003–2004
1st, Eernegem Cyclo-cross
1st, Huijbergen, Cyclo-cross
1st, Koksijde, Cyclo-cross
1st, Magstadt, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Zolder, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Erpe-Mere, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Woerden, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Hamme-Zogge, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Baal, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Middelkerke, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Dottignies, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Harderwijk, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Torino, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Niel, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Sankt-Wendel, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Hooglede, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Zeddam, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Loenhout, Cyclo-cross
2004–2005
1st, Genk, Cyclo-cross
1st, Harderwijk, Cyclo-cross
1st, Hooglede, Cyclo-cross
1st, Lebbeke, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Zolder, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Aalter, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Erpe-Mere, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Ardooie, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Vossem, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Gavere-Asper, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Milan, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Essen, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Ruddervoorde, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Koksijde, Cyclo-cross
3rd, Kalmthout, Cyclo-cross
3rd, National Cyclo-Cross Championship Wachtebeke
2006–2007
3rd, Muhlenbach, Cyclo-cross
2007–2008
2nd, Torhout-Wijnendale, Cyclo-cross
2nd, Lanarvily, Cyclo-cross
3rd, National Amateur Cyclo-Cross Championship, Hofstade

External links

1975 births
Living people
Belgian male cyclists
Cyclo-cross cyclists
Doping cases in cycling
Sportspeople from Hasselt
Cyclists from Limburg (Belgium)
20th-century Belgian people


Three Ways School is a coeducational special school with academy status, located in the Odd Down area of Bath in Somerset, England.

It was created in 2005 from the amalgamation of three special schools in Bath, the Royal United Hospital School, Summerfield School and Lime Grove School, but only moved into its new £12 million, purpose built facilities after they were opened on 17 November 2007, by High Sheriff of Somerset, David Medlock.

The buildings, grounds and facilities cater for children and young people with a range of special needs. The school is divided into small family units from the nursery for the very youngest children to a post 16 centre. The facilities include a sensory theatre  and Hydrotherapy pool. The school also has partners with Ralph Allen School.

Architects for the scheme were Cardiff-based B3, and it won the “Inspiring Design — special needs” in the British Council for School Environments (BCSE) inaugural awards in 2008.

The school converted to academy status on 1 September 2013. https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/910740525785706521/927551619812425738/image0.gif

References

External links

 School details at Department for children, schools and families

Special schools in Bath and North East Somerset
Educational institutions established in 2005
2005 establishments in England
Academies in Bath and North East Somerset
Schools in Bath, Somerset


Belgium participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song "O Julissi" written by Michel Vangheluwe. The song was performed by the band Ishtar. The Belgian entry for the 2008 contest in Belgrade, Serbia was selected through the national final Eurosong '08, organised by the Flemish broadcaster Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie (VRT). The competition featured twenty competing entries and consisted of seven shows. In the final on 9 March 2008, "O Julissi Na Jalini" performed by Ishtar was selected as the winner via a public televote. The song was later retitled as "O Julissi".

Belgium was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 20 May 2008. Performing during the show in position 6, "O Julissi" was not announced among the 10 qualifying entries of the first semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Belgium placed seventeenth out of the 19 participating countries in the semi-final with 16 points.

Background

Prior to the 2008 contest, Belgium had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest forty-nine times since its debut as one of seven countries to take part in . Since then, the country has won the contest on one occasion in  with the song "J'aime la vie" performed by Sandra Kim. Following the introduction of semi-finals for , Belgium had been featured in only one final. In 2007, The KMG's represented the country with the song "Love Power", placing twenty-sixth in the semi-final and failing to advance to the final.

The Belgian broadcaster for the 2008 contest, who broadcasts the event in Belgium and organises the selection process for its entry, was Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie (VRT). The Belgian participation in the contest alternates between two broadcasters: the Flemish VRT and the Walloon Radio Télévision Belge de la Communauté Française (RTBF). Both broadcasters have selected the Belgian entry using national finals and internal selections in the past. In 2006, VRT organised the national final Eurosong in order to select the Belgian entry, while in 2007, RTBF internally selected both the artist and song that would represent the nation. On 24 April 2007, VRT confirmed Belgium's participation in the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest and announced that the Eurosong national final would be held to select their entry.

Before Eurovision

Eurosong '08
Eurosong '08 was the national final that selected Belgium's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008. The competition consisted of seven shows that commenced on 27 January 2008 and concluded with a final on 9 March 2008 where the winning song and artist were selected. All shows took place at the VRT studios in Brussels, hosted by Bart Peeters and were broadcast on Eén. The final was also broadcast online at the official Eurovision Song Contest website eurovision.tv.

Format
Twenty entries were selected to compete in Eurosong. Four heats took place on 27 January 2008, 3 February 2008, 10 February 2008 and 17 February 2008 with each show featuring five entries. The top two as determined by public televoting qualified to the semi-finals, while a panel of experts also selected two wildcards out of the third and fourth placed acts in the heats to advance. Two semi-finals took place on 24 February and 2 March 2008 with each show featuring five entries. The top two as determined by public televoting qualified to the final, while the expert panel also selected a wildcard out of the third and fourth placed acts in the semi-finals to advance. The final took place on 9 March 2008 where the winner was chosen by public televoting.

During each of the seven shows, the expert panel provided commentary and feedback to the artists as well as selected entries to advance in the competition. The experts were:

 Katrina Leskanich – American singer, winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 as part of Katrina and the Waves
 Kris Wauters – musician, represented Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1991 as part of Clouseau
 Marcel Vanthilt – singer and television presenter

Competing entries
A submission period was opened on 24 April 2007 for artists and songwriters to submit their entries until 23 November 2007. The twenty acts selected by VRT for the competition from 450 entries received during the submission period were announced on 17 December 2007.

Shows

Heats
The four heats took place on 27 January, 3 February, 10 February and 17 February 2008. In each show five entries competed and public televoting solely determined the top two that qualified to the semi-finals. An additional two entries were awarded wildcards by the expert panel from the third and fourth placed acts in the heats to proceed to the semi-finals.

Semi-finals
The two semi-finals took place on 24 February and 2 March 2008. In each show five entries competed and public televoting solely determined the top two that qualified to the final. An additional entry was awarded a wildcard by the expert panel from the third and fourth placed acts in the semi-finals to proceed to the final.

Final
The final took place on 7 March 2008 where the five entries that qualified from the preceding two semi-finals competed. The winner, "O Julissi Na Jalini" performed by Ishtar, was selected solely by public televoting.

Ratings

Promotion
Ishtar specifically promoted "O Julissi" as the Belgian Eurovision entry by appearing in the Netherlands during the RTL 4 programme Life and Cooking on 4 May 2008. The promotional activity was financially supported by Flemish Minister of Culture Bert Anciaux who conferred a state support of €25,000 to the band.

At Eurovision
It was announced in September 2007 that the competition's format would be expanded to two semi-finals in 2008. According to the rules, all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the "Big Four" (France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom) are required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final; the top nine songs from each semi-final as determined by televoting progress to the final, and a tenth was determined by back-up juries. The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) split up the competing countries into six different pots based on voting patterns from previous contests, with countries with favourable voting histories put into the same pot. On 28 January 2008, a special allocation draw was held which placed each country into one of the two semi-finals. Belgium was placed into the first semi-final, to be held on 20 May 2008. The running order for the semi-finals was decided through another draw on 17 March 2008 and Belgium was set to perform in position 6, following the entry from San Marino and before the entry from Azerbaijan.

The two semi-finals and the final was broadcast in Belgium by both the Flemish and Walloon broadcasters. VRT broadcast the shows on één with commentary in Dutch by Bart Peeters and André Vermeulen. RTBF televised the shows on La Une with commentary in French by Jean-Pierre Hautier and Jean-Louis Lahaye. All shows were also broadcast by VRT on Radio 2 with commentary in Dutch by Michel Follet and Sven Pichal, and by RTBF on La Première with commentary in French by Patrick Duhamel and Corinne Boulangier. The Belgian spokesperson, who announced the Belgian votes during the final, was Sandrine Van Handenhoven.

Semi-final

Ishtar took part in technical rehearsals on 11 and 15 May, followed by dress rehearsals on 19 and 20 May. The Belgian performance featured the members of Ishtar performing on stage with lead singer Soetkin Baptist in a red and white dress and walking intermittently between the other members throughout the song. Due to the band originally consisting of ten members, four of them were not featured during the performance. The stage setting was dark and the LED screens displayed graphics resembling musical notes. The Belgian performance was choreographed by Ricardo Overman.

At the end of the show, Belgium was not announced among the top 10 entries in the first semi-final and therefore failed to qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Belgium placed seventeenth in the semi-final, receiving a total of 16 points.

Voting
Below is a breakdown of points awarded to Belgium and awarded by Belgium in the first semi-final and grand final of the contest. The nation awarded its 12 points to Armenia in the semi-final and the final of the contest.

Points awarded to Belgium

Points awarded by Belgium

References

External links
 Eurosong Official Website

2008
Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008
Eurovision


E.S.P. is a 2008 Philippine television drama horror series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Argel Joseph, it stars Iza Calzado. It premiered on February 7, 2008 replacing Magpakailanman. The series concluded on May 8, 2008 with a total of 18 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

Cast and characters

Lead cast
 Iza Calzado as Cassandra

Supporting cast
 Ricky Davao as Larson
 Alfred Vargas as Dave
 Pen Medina as Bestre
 Francine Prieto as Ivy
 Patricia Ismael as Anne

Episodes

Accolades

References

External links

2008 Philippine television series debuts
2008 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Philippine horror fiction television series
Television shows set in the Philippines


The Spaak method of negotiation is named after Paul-Henri Spaak, a Belgian politician, who applied this method at the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom in 1956 at Val Duchesse castle in preparing for the Treaties of Rome in 1957.

During the negotiations leading to the conference at Val Duchesse, most of the real negotiations took place prior to the actual Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) within the Spaak Committee that was charged with setting the agenda for the Val Duchesse conference. The final report of the committee then formed the basis for the final treaty which was then approved in Rome. Within this negotiating method, the preparatory committee has a strong initiating and brokerage role in the phase preceding the conference, while the actual Intergovernmental Conference only deals with negotiating small changes in the original agenda prepared by the preparatory committee.

This method was also applied to the preparation of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) by the Delors Committee.

See also
 Messina Conference
 Sherpa (emissary)

References

Sources
 50th anniversary of the Val Duchesse negotiations of the Rome Treaties (1956–2006)
 Towards a new method of constitutional bargaining?

History of the European Union
Diplomacy
Negotiation
Dispute resolution
Eponyms


Rock On is the debut album of singer/songwriter David Essex. Its lead single and title track, "Rock On", is still Essex's best known song in the United States.  "Lamplight" was also a hit, and the album contains three covers.

Track listing

Personnel
Musicians
David Essex – vocals
Julie Covington, Doreen Chanter, Irene Chanter, Jimmy Helms, Gary Osborne, Jimmy Thomas, Paul Vigrass, Billy Laurie, Tom Saffrey  – backing vocals
Jeff Wayne, Alan Hawkshaw – Moog synthesizer
Mark Griffiths, Jo Partridge, Kirby Gregory – guitar
Herbie Flowers – bass
Ray Cooper – percussion
Barry de Souza – drums
John Morton – Ondes Martinot

Technical
 Gary Martin – engineer
 Jeff Wayne – producer, arranger, conductor
 London Weekend Television – photography

Charts

Certifications

References

David Essex albums
1973 debut albums
CBS Records albums
Columbia Records albums


Alex Gordon (8 September 1922 – 24 June 2003) was a British film producer and screenwriter.

He produced eighteen films, including the American International Pictures films Day the World Ended (1955) and The She Creature (1956).  He wrote screenplays for three films, two of them with B-movie director Ed Wood,  Jail Bait (1954) and Bride of the Monster (1956).

Gordon's brother Richard Gordon was also a film producer.

Biography
Alex Gordon was a film publicist who served in the British Army. After his discharge in 1947 he and his brother arrived in New York. He worked for theatres, performed press duties for Gene Autry, then moved to Hollywood in 1952.

Ed Wood
In Hollywood, Gordon met Ed Wood and they collaborated on a script for a low-budget Western for John Carpenter, The Outlaw Marshall. The production was a difficult one and Gordon needed a lawyer; he ended up hiring Samuel Z. Arkoff who later established American International Pictures. The film became The Lawless Rider (1954).

Gordon had written two scripts, The Atomic Monster and The Hidden Face. Wood filmed them as Bride of the Monster (1955) and Jail Bait (1954) respectively.

American International
Arkoff set up a company, American Releasing Company which became American International Pictures. Gordon was one of their most important producers in the early days, usually collaborating with writer Lou Rusoff and director Edward L. Cahn.

Gordon's first film for the company was Apache Woman (1955), written by Rusoff and directed by Roger Corman. Gordon and Corman collaborated again on Day the World Ended (1955), a science fiction film that was very successful, and The Oklahoma Woman (1956), another Western. All these films were written by Rusoff.

Gordon's first movie with Cahn was Girls in Prison (1956), a women in prison film. Cahn also directed The She-Creature (1956), a science fiction horror movie with Marla English and Tom Conway, and Flesh and the Spur (1956), a Western with English and Mike Connors co written by Charles B. Griffith.

Gordon, Rusoff and Cahn then made Shake, Rattle & Rock! (1956), a musical with Connors and Margaret Dumont and Douglas Dumbrille (film buff Gordon always liked to put older actors in his movies), and Runaway Daughters (1956), with English, Anna Sten and John Litel.

Rusoff did not write Voodoo Woman (1957), with English and Conway, but he did Dragstrip Girl (1957) and its semi-remake Motorcycle Gang (1957). Cahn directed Jet Attack (1958), a war film. Gordon helped with the casting on Reform School Girl (1957) directed by Edward Bernds.

Gordon worked with a new director, Spencer Gordon Bennet, on the war film, Submarine Seahawk (1958). It was his last movie for AIP. He was unhappy with the company and left.

Later Films
Gordon produced The Atomic Submarine (1959) for Allied Artists, directed by Bennett. He wrote and produced The Underwater City (1962), directed by Frank McDonald.

His last feature film credits were two Westerns directed by Bennett, Requiem for a Gunfighter (1965) and The Bounty Killer (1965).

In 1968 he went into TV producing at 20th Century Fox.

He later wrote the documentary, Gene Autry: America's Singing Cowboy (1993).

References

External links

Alex Gordon at the British Film Institute

1922 births
2003 deaths
20th-century British screenwriters


The most frequently presented Miss America awards are for preliminary talent and swimsuit. The talent award was introduced in 1936, and the swimsuit award in 1940. In the 2000s, preliminary awards for evening gown and interview were briefly introduced but were discontinued after two years as it was felt that they made the semi-finalists too predictable.

Other awards include Miss Congeniality, given out in the early years of the pageant and re-introduced at Miss America 2006, and the Quality of Life Award for a contestant's platform, first awarded in 1989.

Preliminary awards

Preliminary on stage interview/Social Impact Pitch award

Preliminary talent award

Preliminary swimsuit award
There have multiple instances of ties for this preliminary award. This occurred at Miss America pageants in 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1953, 1972, 1979, 1987, and 1993.

This award was discontinued since the Miss America 2019 competition and was replaced with state titleholders participating in a live interactive session with the judges, "to highlight her achievements and goals in life and how she will use her talents, passion, and ambition to perform the job of Miss America."

Jean Bartel Quality of Life / Social Impact Initiative Scholarship award
The Quality of Life Award was initially sponsored by Fruit of the Loom.  From its inception in 1989 until 2002, the winner received a $10,000 scholarship.  For Miss America 2003, the value of the award was reduced to $6,000 for the winner, and the amount was reduced again to $3,000 from Miss America 2006.  In 2008, the scholarship returned to $6,000. In 2020, award named was changed to the "Jean Bartel Social Impact Initiative Scholarship Award."

Miss Congeniality

America's Choice
In 2008, the Miss America Organization introduced this award in which viewers could cast votes online for a specific state titleholder a month before the final night of pageant. The state titleholder with the most votes is then given an automatic spot in the semi-finals, regardless of her performance in the preliminary competition. In 2022, the state titleholder with the most votes won an extra $5,000 scholarship.

STEM scholarship award
At the Miss America 2014 pageant, the Miss America Organization introduced this $5,000 scholarship to be given to state titleholders with strong science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) backgrounds with the goal of highlighting the vital and active roles women have in these fields.

Women in Business Scholarship award

Equity and Justice Scholarship award
In September 2019, the Miss America Organization announced that a new scholarship, the Equity and Justice Scholarship, will be awarded at the 2020 competition to the candidate, "who best exemplifies inclusion and acceptance of these principles in her social impact initiative." The winner receives a $3,000 scholarship.

References

External links
Miss America official website


Lācis (Old orthography: Lahz(i)(s); feminine: Lāce) is a Latvian surname, derived from the Latvian word for "bear". Individuals with the surname include:

Asja Lācis (1891–1979), Latvian actress
Dzintars Lācis (1940–1992), Latvian cyclist
Kārlis Lācis (born 1977), Latvian composer
Vilis Lācis (1904-1966), Latvian author and Premier of Latvian SSR

See also
Latsis, same surname, transliterated from Russian

Latvian-language masculine surnames


Latsis (; ) can be either a Greek surname or a Russified form of the Latvian language surname Lācis. Individuals with the surname include:

Spiros Latsis (born 1946), Greek banking and oil tycoon
Yiannis Latsis (1910–2003), Greek shipping and oil tycoon
Martin Latsis (1888–1938), Latvian-born Soviet politician, revolutionary and state security high officer
Otto Latsis (1934–2005), Soviet and Russian journalist

See also
 Latsis Foundation

Greek-language surnames
Russian-language surnames
Surnames of Latvian origin


American country music artist Patty Loveless has released 16 studio albums, 11 compilation albums, two video albums and 52 singles. Recording a tape of her own music, Loveless signed her first recording contract with MCA Records in 1985. Her self-titled studio album was released in January 1987 and peaked at number 35 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. She followed it with her second studio release, If My Heart Had Windows (1988). It peaked at number 33 on the country albums list and spawned her first major country hits: "If My Heart Had Windows" and "A Little Bit in Love". Her third studio album, Honky Tonk Angel (1988), would certify platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America and produced her first number one country hits, "Timber, I'm Falling in Love" and "Chains". Loveless went on to release the studio albums On Down the Line (1990) and Up Against My Heart (1991). Together, both albums produced three top 10 singles including the number three hit "Hurt Me Bad (In a Real Good Way)".

Loveless signed a new contract with Epic Records and released her sixth studio album, Only What I Feel, in April 1993. Reaching number nine on the Top Country Albums chart, number 66 on the Billboard 200, and certifying platinum, it became one of Loveless's most successful albums. The record spawned multiple hit singles, including the number one hit "Blame It on Your Heart" and the top five single "How Can I Help You Say Goodbye". Her platinum-selling seventh album When Fallen Angels Fly (1994) would also reach the top 10 of the country albums chart. All four of its singles reached the top 10 of the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart including, "I Try to Think About Elvis" and "You Don't Even Know Who I Am". Her eighth studio release The Trouble with the Truth (1995) produced two more number-one country hits: "You Can Feel Bad" and "Lonely Too Long". The project would also certify platinum in the United States. Loveless's ninth studio record entitled Long Stretch of Lonesome (1997) peaked at number nine on the Top Country Albums chart and produced a top-20 hit featuring George Jones. In 1999, Loveless released her first compilation album entitled Classics, which would certify gold in the United States. Following the release of her 10th studio album, Loveless followed in 2001 with the Bluegrass-flavored Mountain Soul. Critically acclaimed, it was followed by a similarly styled holiday album in 2002. Her 13th studio album, On Your Way Home (2003), peaked at number seven on the country albums chart and produced the top 20 hit, "Lovin' All Night". After the release of her fourteenth studio effort, Loveless signed a contract with Saguaro Road Records. She then issued Sleepless Nights (2008), her fifteenth studio album. Her most recent studio album, Mountain Soul II (2009), reached number 19 on the Top Country Albums chart.

Albums

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Singles

As lead artist

As a featured artist

Other charted songs

Videography

Video albums

Lead music videos

Collaborative and eatured music videos

Other appearances

Notes

References

External links
 Patty Loveless discography at Discogs

Country music discographies
Discographies of American artists


1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (1861–1865) was a Confederate States Army cavalry regiment during the American Civil War. The unit was formed as a mounted infantry regiment, but was dismounted in the spring of 1862 and remained dismounted for the remainder of the war. The unit participated in the earliest battles in the western theater at Wilson's Creek and surrendered with the remnants of the Army of Tennessee in North Carolina in April 1865.

Formation

At the outbreak of the Civil War, Arkansas, formed some 48 infantry regiments, and a number of cavalry units. With the exception of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment, all of the Arkansas units would sign one year enlistments, thus leading to assignments in what was referred to as the "western theater", due to most of the large scale battles being fought in the east. The 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles would sign one year enlistments, then later would sign a "three year or the duration of the war" extension.

First organized in Little Rock, Arkansas, on June 16, 1861, the regiment was initially commanded by Colonel Thomas J. Churchill. The regiment was composed of the following volunteer companies:

Company A – "Chicot Rangers" – commanded by Captain Daniel H. Reynolds. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 23rd Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Chicot County, on October 3, 1860.
Company B – "Des Arc Rangers" – commanded by Captain John S. Pearson. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 50th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Prairie County, on June 3, 1861.
Company C – "Johnson Rifles" – commanded by Captain Oliver Basham. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 10th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Johnson County, on January 18, 1860.
Company D – "Augusta Guards" – commanded by Captain Charles H. Matlock. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 34th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Jackson County, on December 28, 1860.
Company E – "Lawrence County Rifles" – commanded by Captain Zachariah P. McAlexander.  This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 60th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Jackson County, on May 8, 1861.
Company F – "Pulaski Rangers" – commanded by Captain Thomas James Churchill|Thomas J. Churchill.  This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 13th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Pulaski County, on March 16, 1860.
Company G – "Napoleon Rifles" – commanded by Captain John L. Porter. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 6th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Desha County, on March 7, 1861.
Company H – "Yell County Rifles" – commanded by Captain Thomas J. Daniel. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 26th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Yell County, on May 6, 1861.
Company I – "McCulloch Rangers" – commanded by Captain Robert W. Harper. This company was originally organized as a volunteer militia company in the 4th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, Conway County, on May 1, 1861.
Company K – "Independence County Rifles" – commanded by Captain William E. Gibbs. This company was from Batesville in Independence County.

Battles

The regiment was first attached to General Benjamin McCulloch's Brigade. By August, they were on the move toward Springfield, Missouri, where they first saw action in the Battle of Wilson's Creek. It reported 45 killed, 161 wounded, and 2 missing at Wilson's Creek. Following that battle, the regiment was dispatched to Indian Territory to battle the Native American pro-Union Cherokee soldiers. They served in that capacity from September through October 1861.

On March 6, 1862, the regiment was engaged during the Battle of Pea Ridge, as part of Colonel Louis Hébert, Brigade of Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch's Division of Major General Earl Van Dorn's Army of the West. The McNair's Brigade reconsolidated at Van Buren, Arkansas, then marched overland to Des Arc where the regiment was transported by steamboat to Memphis in an attempt to unite the Army of the West with the Confederate Army of Mississippi to attack Grant at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, but arrived too late for the Battle of Shiloh. Just before departing Arkansas, the regiment was dismounted and fought the remainder of the war as infantry. The regiment deeply resented being forced to give up their horses and continuously requested to be allowed to resume their place as a mounted command.

In early May 1862 the Confederate forces underwent an army-wide reorganization due to the passage of the Conscription Act by the Confederate Congress in April 1862. All twelve-month regiments had to re-muster and enlist for two additional years or the duration of the war; a new election of officers was ordered; and men who were exempted from service by age or other reasons under the Conscription Act were allowed to take a discharge and go home. Officers who did not choose to stand for re-election were also offered a discharge. The reorganization was accomplished among all the Arkansas regiments in and around Corinth, Mississippi, following the Battle of Shiloh.

In June 1862, the regiment was in camp near Tupelo, Mississippi, along with other Arkansas regiments. Dozens of Arkansas soldiers died of disease in the camp hospital during this period, and many more were discharged for disability.

During the Kentucky Campaign, McNair's brigade was assigned to Churchill's Division, under the overall command of General Kirby Smith. General Smith pushed rapidly into the bluegrass region of Kentucky, and defeated the Union army at the Battle of Richmond. In the desperate battle that occurred there, McNair's brigade turned the enemy's right and contributed to the rout that followed. The 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles, (dismounted), reported 23 casualties at the Battle of Richmond.

On November 4, 1862, Colonel McNair was commissioned brigadier-general. His brigade included the following Arkansas units, the 1st and 2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles (dismounted), 4th and 13th Arkansas Infantry Regiments, 4th Arkansas Infantry Battalion, and Humphreys' battery of artillery. On the same day, Henry Gaston Bunn was elected Colonel of the 4th Arkansas as the replacement for Brigadier General McNair.

During the Battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, on December 21, 1862, McNair's brigade took part in the brilliant charge of McCown's division, which, aided by the Divisions of Withers and Cheatham, drove the Federal right a distance of between three and four miles, bending it back upon the center, until the line was at right angles to its original position. The 4th Arkansas lost another 79 casualties at Murfreesboro. In accordance with Confederate Adjutant and Inspector General's Office Order Number 131, ten soldiers of the regiment were recognized for courage and good conduct on the field for the Battle of Murfreesboro The regiment reported a total of 9 killed, 82 wounded and 4 missing during the Battle of Murfreesboro.

In June, 1863, McNair’s Brigade was reassigned to Walker's (later French's) division of the Army of the Department of Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana, under the overall command of General Joseph E. Johnston who was assigned the mission of organizing a force to attempt to relieve General Pemberton’s besieged army at Vicksburg. Johnston had been gathering troops at Jackson, intending to relieve pressure on Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton's beleaguered garrison. Johnston cautiously advanced his 30,000 soldiers toward the rear of Grant's army surrounding Vicksburg. In response, Grant ordered Sherman to deal with Johnston's threat. By July 1, 1863, Johnston's force was in position along the Big Black River. Sherman used the newly arrived IX Corps to counter this threat. On July 5, the day after the surrender of Vicksburg was made official; Sherman was free to move against Johnston. Johnston hastily withdrew his force across the Big Black River and Champion's Hill battlefields with Sherman in pursuit. Sherman had with him the IX Corps, XV Corps, XIII Corps, and a detachment of the XVI Corps. On July 10 the Union Army had taken up position around Jackson. The heaviest fighting in the Siege of Jackson came on July 11 during an unsuccessful Union attack, which resulted in heavy casualties. Instead of risking entrapment, Johnston chose to evacuate the state capital and withdrew on July 16. Sherman's forces occupied the city the following day.

In the aftermath of the Vicksburg Campaign most of Johnston’s army was transferred back to the Army of Tennessee. At the Battle of Chickamauga, McNair's was one of the eight brigades which, under Lieutenant General James Longstreet's direction, rushed through the gap in the Federal line and put one wing of the Union army to rout. In the battle McNair was wounded and the brigade as a whole suffered heavy casualties. Of the 254 soldiers who saw action at Chickamauga, forty-two percent were disabled. . Following McNair's injury, Colonel Daniel H. Reynolds of the 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles assumed command of the Brigade. Reynolds would lead the brigade for the remainder of the war.

Following the Battle of Chickamauga, NcNair's Brigade. now under the command of Colonel Reynolds, moved back to central Mississippi to oppose General Sherman's Meridian Campaign. Sherman organized an expedition of 20,000 men to move into central Mississippi to break up Confederate rail communications and other infrastructure near Meridian Mississippi, and solidify Union control of the Mississippi River. The Meridian campaign was a "dress rehearsal" for the style of war against infrastructure that Sherman, as well as some of these very troops, would later practice in Georgia. To counter the threat, Confederate President Jefferson Davis ordered troops to the area from other localities, including McNair's Brigade. The Confederate commander in the area, Lieutenant General Leonidas Polk, consolidated a number of commands in and around Morton, Mississippi, but failed to stop Sherman's moves. Meridian was essentially destroy by Sherman and most of Polks forces were transferred to the Army of Tennessee in time to oppose Sherman's Atlanta Campaign. Colonel D. H. Reynolds was promoted to brigadier general on March 12, 1864, retroactive to March 5, 1864.

Through the summer and fall of 1864 the 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles (dismounted) and the rest of their brigade, participated in the Atlanta Campaign through Georgia as a part of the force attempting to stop Sherman. After the fall of Atlanta, the 4th Arkansas along with the rest of the army, now under the command of General John Bell Hood, moved back to Tennessee, where they fought at the Battle of Franklin and the Battle of Nashville. The unit is entitled to the following Campaign Participation Credits: The unit is entitled to the following Campaign Participation Credits:
Battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri, August 10, 1861.
Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6–8, 1862.
Siege of Corinth, Mississippi, April to June 1862.
Kentucky Campaign, Kentucky, August–October 1862.
Battle of Richmond, Kentucky, August 29–30, 1862.
Battle of Perryville, Kentucky, October 8, 1862.
Battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, December 31, 1862, to January 3, 1863.
Vicksburg Campaign
Battle of Jackson, Mississippi, May 14, 1863.
Siege of Jackson, Mississippi, July 5–25, 1863.
Chickamauga Campaign
Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, September 19–20, 1863.
Meridian Campaign
Battle of Meridian, Mississippi, February 14–20, 1864.
Atlanta Campaign, May to September 1864.
Battle of Dug Gap, Georgia, September 10–11, 1863.
Battle of Resaca, Georgia, May 14–15, 1864.
Battle of New Hope Church, Georgia, May 25 – June 4, 1864.
Battle of Pickett's Mill, Georgina, May 27, 1864
Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia, June 27, 1864.
Battle of Moore's Hill, Georgia, July 28, 1862.
Battle of Peachtree Creek, Georgia, July 20, 1864.
Siege of Atlanta, Georgia, July 22, 1864.
Battle of Lovejoy's Station, Georgia, August 20, 1864.
Franklin–Nashville Campaign September 18 to December 27, 1864.
Battle of Moon's Station, Georgia, October 3, 1864.
Battle of Spring Hill, Tennessee, November 29, 1864.
Battle of Franklin, Tennessee, November 30, 1864.
Battle of Nashville, Tennessee, December 15–16, 1864.
Battle of Sugar Creek, Tennessee, December 26, 1864.
Carolinas Campaign, February to April 1865.
Battle of Bentonville, North Carolina, March 19–21, 1865.

After the Battle of Nashville, Tennessee, the Arkansas regiments of Reynolds' Brigade marched via Bainbridge, Alabama, Tuscumbia, Iuka and Corinth to Tupelo, Mississippi, where they went into camp on January 10, 1865. They departed Tupelo on January 30 and marched to West Point, Mississippi. From West Point they traveled by rail to Selma, Alabama. From Selma they traveled by steamboat to Montgomery, then by rail to Columbus, Georgia. From Columbus they marched via Macon and Milledgeville to Mayfield, Georgia. From Mayfield they traveled by rail to Augusta, Georgia. From there they marched to Newberry, South Carolina. On March 19, 1865, they fought their last major engagement at the Battle of Bentonville, North Carolina. They then marched to Smithfield, North Carolina, where the entire brigade was consolidated into a single understrength regiment, the 1st Consolidated Mounted Rifles on April 9, 1865.

Consolidation and Surrender
On April 9, 1865, the depleted Arkansas regiments of D. H. Reynolds' Brigade, Walthall's Division, Confederate Army of Tennessee, were consolidated into a single regiment the 1st Arkansas Consolidated Mounted Rifles, at Smithfield, North Carolina. The companies of the consolidated regiment were consolidated from the following Arkansas regiments:
Company A — 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles.
Company B — 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles.
Company C — 2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles.
Company D — 2nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles.
Company E — 4th Arkansas Infantry.
Company F — 4th Arkansas Infantry.
Company G — 31st Arkansas Infantry.
Company H — 9th Arkansas Infantry.
Company I — 9th Arkansas Infantry.
Company K — 25th Arkansas Infantry.

The 1st Arkansas Consolidated Mounted Rifles surrendered with the Army of Tennessee at Greensboro, North Carolina, April 26, 1865. The 1st Arkansas Consolidated Mounted Rifles was paroled on May 1, 1865, at Jamestown, North Carolina.

After the surrender, the men were offered free rail transportation (where available) in the direction of their homes, by what was left of the Southern railway companies. Most of the men traveled by rail, where they could. A large number of men were killed or seriously injured in a railroad accident at Flat Creek Bridge, Tennessee, on May 25, 1865.

Roll of Honor
Ten soldiers were cited on the Confederate Roll of Honor for their actions at the Battle of Murfreesboro.

See also

List of Arkansas Civil War Confederate units
Lists of American Civil War Regiments by State
Confederate Units by State
Arkansas in the American Civil War
Arkansas Militia in the Civil War

Notes

References

Bibliography
Bender, Robert Patrick (ed.), Worthy of the Cause for Which They Fight: The Civil War Diary of Brigadier General Daniel Harris Reynolds, 1861-1865. (University of Arkansas Press, 2011), accessed at Google eBooks, https://books.google.com/books?id=H10SkwjYznkC&q=Reynolds+arkansas+brigade .
Dacus, Robert H., Reminiscences of Company H, First Arkansas Mounted Rifles. (Dardanelle, AR: Post-Dispatch Print, 1897, reprint edition Dayton, OH: Morningside Bookshop, 1972).

External links
Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Home Page
The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture
The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
The Arkansas History Commission, State Archives, Civil War in Arkansas
1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles
Arkansas Confederate Army Regiments
1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles, "Boys of Company H"
1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles Dismounted
Confederate Regimental Histories

Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Arkansas
1865 disestablishments in Arkansas
Military units and formations disestablished in 1865
Military units and formations in Arkansas
Military in Arkansas
1861 establishments in Arkansas
Military units and formations established in 1861


Béthencourt-sur-Somme (, literally Béthencourt on Somme; ) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Geography
The commune is situated on the D15 and D62 road junction, on the banks of the river Somme, some  west of Saint-Quentin.

Population

History
It was here that King Henry V found a crossing point over the river Somme in 1415, just days before the Battle of Agincourt.

See also
Communes of the Somme department

References

Communes of Somme (department)


Maurice Pic (23 March 1866, in Marrigny near Digoin – 29 December 1957, in Les Guerreaux) was a French entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He contributed to Mary-Louis Fauconnet's Catalogue raisonné des coléoptères de Saône-et-Loire (Le Creusot, Martet, 1887) and wrote many short papers, many in L'Échange, Revue Linnéenne describing world beetles. His most important work was for Sigmund Schenkling's still very relevant Coleopterorum Catalogus.

Pic's collection is in the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris.

Works
Excluding short papers.

1898–1934. Matériaux pour servir a l'étude des Longicornes. Cahiers 1–11, 120 pages
1902. Coleoptera Heteromera Fam. Hylophilidae. P. Wytsman (ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fascicule 8. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 14 pages, 1 pl.
Parts 14. Hylophilidae (1911); 26. Scraptiidae, Pedilidae (1911); 36. Anthicidae (1911); 41. Ptinidae (1912); 48. Anobiidae (1912); 55. Bruchidae (1913); 58. Dascillidae, Helodidae, Eucinetidae (1914); 81. Rhipiceridae (1925); 87. Phloeophilidae, Rhadalidae, Prionoceridae (1926); 94. Phengodidae, Karumiidae (1927); 103. Dasytidae: Melyrinae (1929); 155. Dasytidae: Dasytinae (1937) of  Schenkling S. (ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus. W. Junk, Berlin.

Periodicals
He published 3 periodicals:
 L'Échange, 1885–1956, 543 issues
 Mélanges Exotico-Entomologiques, 1911–1939, 71 issues
 Opuscula Martialis, 1940–1944, 13 issues

References
Constantin (R.), 1992 – Memorial des Coléopteristes Français. Bull. liaison Assoc. Col. reg. parisienne, Paris (Suppl. 14) Portrait
Lhoste (J.), 1987 – Les entomologistes français. 1750–1950. INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), Paris.
Pic (M.), 1942 – Mon jubilé entomologique

French entomologists
1866 births
1957 deaths
Coleopterists