Balaguier-d'Olt (, literally Balaguier of Olt; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of southern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Balaguiérois or Balaguiéroises.

Geography
Balaguier-d'Olt is located some 12 km south-west of Figeac just east of Ambeyrac. The whole north-western border of the commune is the Lot river which is also the departmental boundary between Aveyron and Lot. Access to the commune is by the D86 road from Ambeyrac which follows the river through the village and continues north-east to Capdenac-Gare. The D38 branches off the D86 and crosses the only bridge in the commune across the Lot to Saint-Pierre-Toirac. The D647 branches off the D86 just north of the village and goes south-east to Foissac. Apart from the village there is the hamlet of Vernet-le-Bas in the north of the commune. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.

Geologically the commune is divided into two parts: first the Lot valley which consists of Toarcian marl and secondly the limestone plateau overlooking it.

The Ruisseau de Bournac flows from the north-east and the Ruisseau de Fréjéroque flows from the east both joining in the commune and flowing into the Lot.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 162 inhabitants.

Sites and Monuments
The Romanesque Church of Vernet-le-Bas has a bell tower dating from the 12th century and has Romanesque capitals on three sides. Inside the church the Romanesque Altar (12th century) is still preserved in one of the side chapels. It is carved in sandstone decorations and presents interlacing. It is registered as an historical object.

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

Bibliography
Christian-Pierre Bedel (preface Jacques Dournes), Capdenac Los Aures Asprièras, Balaguier, Bolhac, Causse-e-Diege Foissac, Naussac, Salas, Sonnac / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton de Capdenac, Rodez, Mission departmental culture, coll. "Al Canton", 1996, ill., cov. ill., 28 cm, 240  pp. , ISSN 1151-8375, BNF No. FRBNF36688708

External links
Balaguier-d'Olt on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Balaguyer on the 1750 Cassini Map

References

Communes of Aveyron


Liberal PD () is a social-liberal faction within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy. The aim of the group is to promote liberal ideas within the party and elect liberal candidates. The faction, through the Italian Liberal Group, is an observer member of the Liberal International.

Liberal PD was launched on 26 January 2008 by Enzo Bianco (former member of the Italian Republican Party, PRI and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, DL), Franco Bassanini (former member of the Italian Socialist Party, PSI and the Democrats of the Left, DS), Valerio Zanone (former leader of the Italian Liberal Party and member of DL) and Enrico Morando (leader of Liberal DS). Walter Veltroni, PD leader, attended the convention. More than 40 leading Democrats signed the "Liberal" Manifesto. Most former Republicans within the party, including Antonio Maccanico, Stefano Passigli, Giorgio Bogi (former leader of Republican Left), Giuseppe Ossorio (former leader of the Democratic Republicans), Adolfo Battaglia, Andrea Manzella and Massimo Livi Bacci, and most former Liberals, including Beatrice Rangoni Machiavelli (Patron of the Liberal International), Andrea Marcucci, former Democrats of the Left of Liberal DS and Liberal Left, joined the faction. Also several former Socialists, including Giuliano Amato, Linda Lanzillotta, Enrico Manca and Salvo Andò, and former Greens, including Paolo Gentiloni, Gianni Vernetti and Sandro Battisti, joined.

Most Liberal PD members were keen supporters of Walter Veltroni's leadership, while others were closer to Francesco Rutelli. In the 2009 leadership election the faction supported Dario Franceschini. After that, the faction has given strong support to Matteo Renzi, both in the 2013 and the 2017 leadership elections.

Leadership
President: Enzo Bianco (2008–present)
Vice President: Franco Bassanini (2008–2014), Ludina Barzini (2010–present), Sandro Gozi (2010–present), Andrea Marcucci (2010–present), Adriano Musi (2011–2014), Sandro Gozi (2014–present), Luigi De Sena (2014–2015)
Honorary President: Valerio Zanone (2008–2014)
Secretary-General: Franco Minucci (2008–2014)
Deputy Secretary-General: Renato Lupoli (2010–present), Gianfranco Passalacqua (2014–present)

References

External links
Official website

Democratic Party (Italy) factions
Liberalism in Italy


Balaguier-sur-Rance (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of southern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Balaguiérois or Balaguiéroises.

Geography
Balaguier-sur-Rance is located some 32 km east of Albi and just north of Saint-Sernin-sur-Rance. The whole western border of the commune is the departmental boundary between Aveyron and Tarn. The commune is divided into two parts situated on either side of the Rance river. Balaguier le Maigre (the thin) or le Vieux (the old) is on the right bank with its houses clinging to a rocky outcrop that supported a fortified structure of which there remains no trace. On the left bank is Balaguier le Gras (the fat) with the church, the town hall, and a chateau from the 15th and 16th centuries. Both banks are connected by a stone bridge from the 15th century. Access to the commune is by the D33 road from Curvalle in the north-west which passes through the commune and the village and joins the D999 on the communal border then continues to Saint-Sernin-sur-Rance. The D999 passes through the south of the commune as it goes from Alban to Vabres-l'Abbaye.

The Rance river flows through the centre of the commune from east to west where it continues north-west to join the Tarn east of Trébas. Many tributaries rise in the commune on both banks of the Rance and flow into it.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 92 inhabitants.

Sites and monuments

A copy of a menhir statue found when working under the main road in the village.
A Chateau Keep from the 15th and 16th centuries.

Notable people linked to the commune
Hippolyte Coste, born 20 December 1858 in Balaguier-sur-Rance at Mas d'Estioussès.

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

External links
Balaguier-sur-Rance on the old National Geographic Institute website
Balaguier-sur-Rance on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Balaguier on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Aveyron


Balsac () is a village in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of southern France.  It was merged into the new commune of Druelle Balsac on 1 January 2017.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Balsacois or Balsacoises.

Geography
Balsac is located some 10 km north-west of Rodez and 8 km south-east of Saint-Christophe-Vallon, immediately west of Rodez–Marcillac Airport. Access to the commune is by the D598 which branches off the D57 west of the commune and passes through the village continuing to join the D840 south-east of the commune. The D626 goes north-east from the village to join the D840. The commune is entirely farmland.

The Ruisseau des Parranies and its tributary the Ruisseau du Sauvage rise in the south of the commune and flow west then north-west, forming part of the western border of the commune, to join the Ruisseau de l'Ady west of the commune.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography
In 2012 the commune had 615 inhabitants.

Sites and monuments
There are two sites which are registered as historical monuments:
The Ruins of the old Priory of Sauvage (13th century)
The Chateau of Balsac (14th - 16th centuries) belonged to a number of noble families, including the Glandières and the Faramonds, until 1780 when it came into the possession of the Grailhe family of Rodez.  During the periods that followed, the chateau was owned by a series of illustrious personages.  The Chateau currently operates as a guest house and table d'hote.
The Parish Church contains three items that are registered as historical objects:
A Statue: Virgin and child (15th century)
A Statue: Saint Antoine (15th century)
A Statue: Saint Foy (15th century)

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Bibliography
Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by José Monestier, Marcilhac, Balsac, Claravals, Moret, Muret, Nòuviala, Prunas, Salas-Comtals, Sent-Cristòfa, Valadin / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton de Marcilhac, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 2001, Al canton collection, 392 pages, ill., cov. ill.; 28 cm, , ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 38803935q

External links
Balsac on the old National Geographic Institute website
Balsac on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Balſac on the 1750 Cassini Map

Former communes of Aveyron
Populated places disestablished in 2017


Baraqueville (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of southern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Baraquevillois or Baraquevilloises.

Geography
Baraqueville is located some 10 km south-west of Rodez and 30 km east of Villefranche-de-Rouergue. Access to the commune is by Route nationale N88 from Rodez in the north-east which passes through the commune and the town then continues south to Albi. The D57 goes north from the town, changing to the D991 at the communal border, and continues west to Rieupeyroux. The D546 branches off the D57 and goes west to Boussac. The D38 branches off the N88 and goes south-west to join the D997 south-west of the commune. The D507 goes south from the town to Camboulazet. The D624 branches off the N88 in the north-east of the commune and goes north-east to Luc-la-Primaube. There is also a railway passing through the commune from south to north-east with a station at La Cazalets. Baraqueville-Carcenac-Peyralès station has rail connections to Toulouse and Rodez. Apart from the town there are the hamlets of:

Baracque de Fraysse
Les Bastries
Les Cazalets
Les Crouzets
Les Fenials
Le Fieu
Les Hems
Les Hivernoirs
Les Jonquieres
Lax
Marengo
Monteils
La Plaine
Saint Julien
Salayrac
Les Sapins d'Argent
La Valiere
Volpillac
Vors

Apart from the significant sized urban area the commune is almost all farmland.

The Aveyron river forms the northern border of the commune as it flows west to eventually join the Tarn near Meauzac. The Plan d'Eau du Val de Lenne (Val de Lenne Lake) just north of the town is the source for several streams including the Lenne which flows north-east forming part of the north-western border and continues north to join the Aveyron. The Ruisseau de Congorbes flows south forming the south-western border of the commune and continuing south to join the Viaur north-west of Fonbonne. The Ruisseau de Couffignal rises in the west of the commune and flows west to join the Lézert south-west of Boussac. The Trégou flows from the south-east and forms the north-eastern border of the commune as it flows north-west to join the Aveyron.  The Ruisseau des Etangs rises in the east of the commune and flows north-east to join the Trégou. The Ruisseau de Malrieu rises east of the town and flows south, forming the south-eastern border of the commune as it continues to join the Ruisseau de la Nauze south-east of Camboulazet.

Neighbouring communes and villages

History
The commune of Baraqueville was created on 1 January 1973 from the merger of the former communes of Carcenac-Peyralès and Vors.

Antiquity
From the Roman period the Fountain of Vors (709 m above sea level) supplied Rodez with water by a water supply system 30 km long which is at first underground then by aqueduct. In a direct line the distance is only 12 km. There was also a Roman road following the Ségala ridge.

Modern Era
From the middle of the 18th century the Carcenac-Peyralès staging post located on Royal Road No. 5 linking Toulouse to Lyon was retained, This was not a busy road and probably had a strategic interest. Carcenac-Peyralès was also on Royal Road No. 3 which linked Montauban to Montpellier via Millau.

Contemporary Era
1810: Construction of the Baraque de Fraysse. Royal Roads 3 and 5 were used by horse riders, tilburies, ox carts, and coaches. During their journey, these people needed to rest, eat, and change horses. To respond to this need Mr. Fraysse built a "baraque" or house  at the current location of the Palous hotel and restaurant. The expansion of the Baraque de Fraysse was very slow since in 1866 there were only 15 inhabitants (whereas Moyrazès had 2,300).
1903: Construction of the railway between Carmaux and Rodez. Ségala land is very acid so it was necessary to import lime for fertilizer. Before the railway lime was transported on ox carts. Once the Carmaux-Rodez rail link was completed, lime could be brought either from Rodez or Carmaux (Ségala is surrounded by Causses (limestone plateaux) to the east and west). From 1906 fairs were held monthly. Some tradesmen settled beside of the main road. The postal administration asked for identification of the hamlet and the Mayor of Vors chose "Baraqueville".
Between 1920 and 1931. Baraqueville became prosperous due to potato growing. 30 to 40 wagons of potatoes were despatched daily from the Baraqueville-Carcenac-Peyralès railway station. The 1929 stock market crash on Wall Street had a devastating impact on the world in general and in particular on the Ségala region. Nevertheless, it was during this period that the silo was built along Route nationale N88.
1973: Creation of the commune of Baraqueville. André Rudelle (Mayor of Vors) and Joseph Lutran (Mayor of Carcenac-Peyralès) gave way to Jacques Boubal, the first mayor of the commune of Baraqueville.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 3,142 inhabitants.

Facilities

Education
The Georges Brassens public Kindergarten and elementary school
The Carcenac-Peyralès public Kindergarten and elementary school
The Lax public Kindergarten and elementary school
The Albert Camus public College
The private College of Notre Dame

Cultural events and festivities
A Flea market on the 2nd Sunday of every month

Notable people linked to the commune
Bruno Granier, University Professor, a specialist in sedimentology of carbonates and micro-paleontology. He found several new taxa of fossil algae (for whom his colleagues have named the genus and species). In 2002 he founded an internet scientific journal which is published on Open Access: the main themes are sedimentology, stratigraphy, and paleontology.
Raymond Lacombe (1929-2002), Mayor of Camboulazet, French share farmer on a 35 hectare dairy farm in Baraqueville.

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

Bibliography
Publications used as a source for this article:
Henri Enjalbert, Thus Baraqueville was born, The Commune, Baraqueville, 1975, 77 pages, ill.; 24 cm, BnF 34641401g
Henri Enjalbert, Director of publication with Roger Béteille, Jacques Bousquet, Gérard Cholvy, Jean Delmas, Michel Labrousse, Nicole Lemaitre, and Pierre Loubière, History of Rouergue, Univers de la France et des pays francophones collection, No. 44, Private publication, Toulouse, 1980, 508 pages, ill.; 24 cm, , BnF 34727041t
Daniel Crozes, On the paths of Ségala, Fédération interdépartementale des Sentiers de Pays, 1984
Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by Denys Jaudon, La Barraca Sauvatèrra, Bossac, Cambolaset, Castanet, Colombièrs, Gramont, Manhac, Moirasés, Pradinàs / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton de La Barraca-Sauvatèrra, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 1998, Al canton collection, 271 pages, ill., cov. ill.; 28 cm, , ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 36988794f

References

External links
Baraqueville official website
Brocante, Baraqueville Flea Market
Baraqueville on the old National Geographic Institute website
Baraqueville on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Carcenac, Peyroles, and Vors on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Aveyron


La Bastide-l'Évêque (; Languedocien: La Bastida de l'Avesque) is a former commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of southern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Le Bas Ségala.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Episcopois or Episcopoises.

Geography
La Bastide-l'Évêque is located some 5 km east of Villefranche-de-Rouergue and 20 km south by south-west of Decazeville. Access to the commune is by the D911 which comes from Villefranche-de-Rouergue passing along the south-western border of the commune and crossing the narrow neck in the south as it goes east to Rieupeyroux. Access to the village is by the D69 which branches from the D911 on the western commune border and passes through the village continuing east to rejoin the D911 on the eastern border. The D269 goes north from the village then turns west following the northern border and continuing to Villefranche-de-Rouergue. The D905A branches from the D911 in the south of the commune and goes south-east to La Salvetat-Peyralès. Apart from the village the commune has a large number of hamlets:

Les Aliberts
Baraque de L'Ortal
La Baume
La Bessiêre
La Bouriette
Les Cabanelles
Cabanes
Les Cabayrols
Cadour
Le Cammas
Capredonde
Les Cayroux Blancs
Cazèles
Combe Nègre
Les Compans
Cruorgues
Fournies
Le Fraysse
Galdou
Gaudiês
Les Gazanes
Ginestous
Lascals
Laval
Lonnac
Maloyre
Mas de la Borie
Le Mazuc de Vézis
Montbressous
Mousset-Bas
Moussousse
L'Ortal
La Pâle
Pont du Cayla
Pouzoulet
Puech Loup
La Rangousie
Réquista
Le Rieu
Roumégous
Le Serayol
Le Serre
Teulières
La Vaysse
Vézes
Le Vialardel

The commune is mostly farmland interspersed with a few forests.

The Aveyron river forms most of the northern border as it flows west to eventually join the Tarn at Meauzac. The Lézert flows north through the commune to join the Aveyron on the northern border. The Verlanson also flows north joining the Lézert south of the village. The Ruisseau de Pouzoulet rises near Les Gazanes and also flows north to join the Aveyron. The Ruisseau de Caral rises in the east of the commune and flows north to join the Aveyron.

Toponymy
La Bastide-l'Évêque appears as la Baftide l'Evesque on the 1750 Cassini Map and does not appear at all on the 1790 version although the hamlet of Cadour does.

History
Founded in 1280 by Bishop Raymond de Calmont, La Bastide l'Évêque is one of the five Bastides in western Rouergue with Najac, Sauveterre-de-Rouergue, Villeneuve d'Aveyron, and Villefranche-de-Rouergue. This was the foundation of the Diocese of Rodez on the remains of Morlhon and Faidits to counter the county bastide of Villafranca (Villefranche-de-Rouergue) to limit its population, influence, and development. The bishop granted a charter in 1280 but politically it was a failure and remained a fortified village.

In the 14th century mining was very important with 13 mills called "martinets" operating in the Lézert Valley. They were used to smelt copper and make cauldrons. This activity continued until the end of the 19th century then died for lack of profitability.

Heraldry

Administration
List of Successive Mayors

Mayors from 1930

Demography
In 2012 the commune had 826 inhabitants.

Economy
The commune is mostly rural with many farms whose business ranges from cattle breeding but mostly sheep. Many tradesmen reside or work in the commune. Some people have chosen to settle in the commune but their occupation is in neighbouring towns like Villefranche-de-Rouergue or Rieupeyroux.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
A Gallo-Roman Bridge at Cayla
The Tower of Cayla
The Château de Villelongue at Cabanes. A former fief that belonged to the Adhémar de Monteil family then to the Raffin family
The Martinet de la Ramonde
The Chateau de Réquista (1630) is registered as an historical monument.

The Chateau de Réquista Picture Gallery

Religious heritage

The Church of Saint John the Baptist, a Romanesque Church from the 13th and 14th century with an imposing gate tower

Notable people linked to the commune
 Pierre Poujade, politician, died at La Bastide-l'Évêque on 27 August 2003.

Bibliography
Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by Pierre Marty, Riu-Peirós, La Bastida-de-l'Evesque, La Capèla-Bleis, Previnquièiras, Sent-Sauvador, Vabre-Tisac / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton de Riu-Peiros, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 1999, Al canton, 304 pages, ill., cov. ill. 28 cm, , ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 37078683w

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Former communes of Aveyron
Populated places disestablished in 2016


Tereza Kerndlová (born 6 October 1986 in Brno) is a Czech singer. She rose to fame as a member of the trio Black Milk since 2001. After the trio split in 2005, she started a solo career and released the album Orchidej.

She represented the Czech Republic in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song "Have Some Fun", which was written by Gordon Pogoda (who wrote 4 songs on her album Have Some Fun) and Stano Simor (who produced the album).  It was performed in the second semi-final on 22 May and finished 18th of 19 entrants with nine points.

Discography

Studio albums
Orchidej (2006)
Have Some Fun (2007)
Retro (2008)
Schody z nebe (2011)
Singles Collection (2013)

Notes

External links

 The Tereza Kerndlová Homepage

1986 births
Living people
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for the Czech Republic
21st-century Czech women singers
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 2008
Musicians from Brno
Czech pop singers


La Bastide-Pradines (;  or La Bastida Pradinas) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. As of 2020, it had a population of 113.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Bastidois (masculine) or Bastidoises (feminine) in French.

Geography
La Bastide-Pradines is located some 50 km south-east of Rodez and 10 km north-east of Saint-Affrique in the heart of the Parc naturel régional des Grands Causses. Access to the commune is by the A75 autoroute which passes through the north of the commune from north-west to east with Exit  in the commune and connecting to the D999. The D999 comes from Saint-Rome-de-Cernon in the west and passes through the centre of the commune north of the village and continues east to Exit  on the autoroute and to La Cavalerie. The D77 branches from Saint-Rome-de-Cernon by a southern route through the commune and the village and continues east to Lapanouse-de-Cernon. The D560 connects the village to the D999 to the north in the commune. A disused railway line passes through the commune from west to east south of the village. The commune is heavily forested in the south with the rest mainly farmland.

The Cernon river flows through the commune and the village from east to west and continues west then north joining the Tarn east of Comprégnac. The Ruisseau de Coufours rises in the north of the commune and flows south to join the Cernon near the village. The Ruisseau de Saute-Bouc rises in the north-east of the commune and flows south-west to join the Ruisseau de Coufours just north of the village. The Ruisseau des Clarous rises in the south of the commune and flows north to join the Cernon.

Toponymy
La Bastide-Pradines appears as la Baftide de Pradines on the 1750 Cassini Map and as la Bastide de Pradines on the 1790 version.

History
Formerly called La Bastide de Sernonenque, La Bastide-Pradines was once a Commandry of the Knights Hospitaller.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Mayors from 1925

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 101 inhabitants.

Sites and Monuments
The Granieyras, a fortified granary dating from the 14th century, at the time of the Knights Hospitaller.
Houses from the 12th century.
A Two-arch Bridge 17.60 m long, one arch forming a slight donkeyback and the other semicircular.

Notable people linked to the commune
 Emma Calvé, singer, has stayed at La Bastide-Pradines with her aunt.

Bibliography
Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by Jean-Luc Malet, Sent-Africa, La Bastida, Caumèls-e-Lo Vialar, Ròcafòrt, Sant-Faliç, Sent-Esèri, Sent-Jan, D'Aucàpias, Sent-Roma de Sarnon, Tornamira, Vabre, Verzòls-e-La Pèira / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton de Sent-Africa, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 2002, Al canton collection, 429 pages, ill., cov. ill. 28 cm, , ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 38977452h

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron


La Bastide-Solages (;  or La Bastida Solatges) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Located on the departmental border with Tarn, it had a population of 104 as of 2020.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Solageois (masculine) or Solageoises (feminine) in French.

Geography
La Bastide-Solages is located some 25 km east by north-east of Albi and 28 km east by south-east of Carmaux just inside the Parc Naturel Regional des Grands Causses. The north-western and southern borders of the commune are the departmental border with Tarn. Access to the commune is by the D555 which branches from the D33 east of the commune and comes west through the village then north to rejoin the D33 north of the commune. The D665 branches from the D555 in the south of the commune and follows the southern border west to a bridge across the Tarn which links to the D172. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of La Carriere Basse, Cayssials, La Carriere Haute, La Bastide, and Le Bousquet. The commune is farmland in the middle with forests in the east and west.

The river Tarn forms the whole north-western border as it flows south-west to eventually join the Garonne at Boudou. The Rance river forms the southern border of the commune as it flows west to join the Tarn at the western tip of the commune.

Toponymy
La Bastide-Solages appears as la Baftide Teulat on the 1750 Cassini Map and as la Baftide on the 1790 version.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 108 inhabitants. Between 1833 and 1874, it was part of the commune of Plaisance.

Bibliography
Christian-Pierre Bedel, Sent-Sarnin, Balaguièr, Brasc, Combret, Copiac, La Bastida-Solatges, La Sèrra, La Val-Ròca-Cesièira, Martrinh, Montclar, Montfranc, Plasença, Postòmis, Sant-Jòri / Christian-Pierre Bedel et les habitants del canton de Sent-Sarnin, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 1992, Al canton collection, 232 pages, ill., cov. ill. 28 cm, , ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 35529736f

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron


Belmont-sur-Rance (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Bertholène (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


The Fokker F.XXXVI (also known as the Fokker F.36) was a 1930s Dutch four-engined 32-passenger airliner designed and built by Fokker. It was the largest transport designed and built by Fokker.

Development
The Fokker F.XXXVI registered PH-AJA first flew on 22 June 1934 and was a high-wing cantilever monoplane with a fixed tailwheel landing gear. In Fokker tradition, the wing was an all wood structure and the fuselage was fabric covered steel tube. It was powered by four Wright Cyclone radial piston engines mounted in the wing leading edge, and carried 4 crew and 32 passengers in four eight-seat cabins. In an unusual decision, Fokker engineers went to great length in soundproofing the passenger cabin, enabling passenger to converse in a normal voice after take off. It was delivered to KLM and operated on European routes from March 1935. Although it had a good payload, its range was much less than and was structurally inferior to the new Douglas DC-2 and DC-3 as the maintenance advantages of all-metal aircraft were becoming clear, and only one was built.

KLM sold the aircraft in 1939 to Scottish Aviation for use as a crew and navigation trainer for the Royal Air Forces No.12 Elementary Flying Training School, which was operated by Scottish Aviation. It was scrapped in 1940 after it burnt out in a take-off accident.

Airspeed Ltd. in Great Britain arranged a license to build F.XXXVIs for the British market as the Airspeed AS.20, but no orders were received.

Fokker F.37
In 1936, Fokker developed an improved version of the F.XXXVI, the F.37. It featured retractable landing gear with hydraulic suspension and  Wright GR-1820-G Cyclone engines. To save weight, the frame was to be made from chrome-molybdenum alloy tubing instead of steel and covered with fabric. Because of the higher takeoff weight, the wing spars and ribs were strengthened. The cockpit was redesigned to compete with the Douglas DC-2, and this allowed the pilots to sit next to each other. Fokker planned to build eight aircraft and deliver them between March and July 1937. However, KLM preferred all-metal aircraft, and instead it was the DC-3 that entered service and not the F.37.

Operators

Civil operators

KLM

Scottish Aviation

Military operators

Royal Air Force (operated by Scottish Aviation)

Specifications

References

Bibliography

A.J. Jackson, British Civil Aircraft since 1919 Volume 2, 1974, Putnam, London,
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1895/6

1930s Dutch airliners
F 36
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Abandoned civil aircraft projects
Four-engined tractor aircraft
Four-engined piston aircraft


Bessuéjouls (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Boisse-Penchot is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Bor-et-Bar (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Bouillac (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

St Martin de Bouillac
St Martin de Bouillac is part of the commune located on the south bank of the River Lot. A railway station was opened here.on 30 August 1858 and shut on 10 December 2006.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Bournazel (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

External links

Route des Seigneurs du Rouergue

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


"Frozen" is the eleventh episode of the fourth season of House and the eighty-first episode overall. It aired on February 3, 2008, following Super Bowl XLII; it attracted slightly more than 29 million viewers, making it the highest rated House episode of the entire series. It was ranked third for the week, tied with that week's episode of American Idol (also on Fox) and outranked only by the Super Bowl game and the Super Bowl post-game show.

House became the first dramatic TV series to be the lead-out program of a Fox-aired Super Bowl since The X-Files following Super Bowl XXXI. This is the second episode of the show to have an Academy Award winner as a guest star – Mira Sorvino (the first was "Informed Consent" with Joel Grey).

Plot
Psychiatrist Cate Milton collapses and vomits in a research station in the middle of Antarctica. Weather conditions prevent her from being evacuated, so House is asked to examine her through a webcam. Foreman suspects cancer after her right lung nearly collapses.

House asks to sample her lymph nodes to detect cancer since the test procedures that can be performed are severely limited by the lack of drugs, equipment, and medical personnel on the base. While Foreman and Wilson are looking for makeshift stains for the slides (they test the usefulness of coffee, red wine, etc.), House notices Wilson's quickness to agree and his lavender shirt, and deduces that he is dating someone. Wilson dismisses his suspicions.

After looking at Cate's test results, Wilson concludes she does not have cancer, but Cate's left kidney shuts down. House's theory changes to autoimmune disease, for which she would need to take prednisone. Cate insists on proof (prednisone is a limited resource and there is an asthmatic on the base who could die without it). The team tells her to go outside, since extreme cold has been used as a treatment for auto-immune diseases. As Cate prepares to go outside, she faints and lapses into a coma. House goes on to treat her for brain swelling by having mechanic Sean drill a hole in her skull to see whether her coma is caused by increased intracranial pressure or a problem with her hypothalamus.

After the drilling, Cate regains consciousness. Kutner suggests there is a fat embolus. House realizes it would take an untreated bone break to cause the fat emboli, and that he has seen every part of her body but her feet (because she kept her socks on during her self-examination). A simple examination reveals that her big toe is broken, the pain numbed by the cold. The toe is reset and splinted and Cate is expected to fully recover.

Throughout the episode, House shows feelings for Cate, asking if she is okay and later, telling the only other person with her that he (House) will not let him hurt her.  After House sees that the person with her is in love with her, he stops flirting with her. Finally, House goes to the restaurant where Wilson is meeting with his girlfriend, who he learns is Amber, also known to House as "Cutthroat Bitch".

References

External links

 "Frozen" at Fox.com

House (season 4) episodes
2008 American television episodes
Super Bowl lead-out shows
Health in Antarctica
Television episodes directed by David Straiton
Television episodes set in Antarctica

fr:Celle qui venait du froid


Boussac (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) is a structural steel frame that provides lateral resistance to buckling, particularly during seismic activity.

The BRBF is typically a special case of a concentrically braced frame. Tests have demonstrated BRBF systems are highly effective for energy dissipation, while being vulnerable to large deformations and story drift.

A buckling-restrained brace (BRB) consists of a steel core surrounded by a hollow steel section, coated with a low-friction material, and then grouted with a specialized mortar. The encasing and mortar prohibit the steel core from buckling when in compression, while the coating prevents axial load from being transferred to the encasement, thus preventing strength loss and allowing for better and more symmetric cyclic performance. These elements most commonly brace a bay diagonally or in a chevron pattern. Because maximum tension and compression forces in a BRB are much closer than in a standard brace, there is much less imbalance of force in the chevron configuration resulting in smaller beam sizes than a standard braced frame.

Footnotes

References
AISC Seismic Design Manual, Second Printing Pg 5–23
ANSI/AISC 341-05 Section 16 & C16

Structural engineering
Structural steel


Brandonnet (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Tallahassee Airport may refer to:

 Tallahassee Commercial Airport in Tallahassee, Florida, United States (FAA: 68J)
 Tallahassee International Airport in Tallahassee, Florida, United States (FAA: TLH)


Brasc () is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Brommat (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Rouergue
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Broquiès (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Geography
The commune is in the Raspes de Tarn; on both banks of the river Tarn. The village is on the north bank where the land rises steeply from the Tarn () to the Lévézou plateau (). On each side of the village are streams that have cut deep valley. An strategically important road from Saint-Izaire and Saint-Affrique crosses the Tarn at le Navech, and uses the valley to the east to zig-zag upwards through Vieux Broquies to the promontory(- ) where the main village is located. Here the road heads along the valley side to Rodez, Le Truel and Villefranche-de-Panat.
On the south bank the Dourdou de Camarès flows into the Tarn.

Pont de Navech
The crossing point at le Navech was served from medieval times by a ferry. The first bridge was built in 1865. In 1875 it washed away by 'une grande crue' and was rebuilt. Again in 1982 the centre arches were breached by the 'crues' and the bridge rebuilt.

La Jourdanie
The La Jourdanie (power station) is on the River Tarn upstream of the Pont de Navech. Two Kaplan turbines and two helical turbines generate 18MW. The dam is 145m long and 17m high.

History
There was an artistic neolithic population in the area (3000BC). The Menhir de la Coste, now on display in the Fenaille Museum in Rodez occurred to the north of the commune adjacent to the ancient road (D25). It has been replaced by a replica. By 1000BC the area was occupied by Iron Age Celts called the 'broccos'. The Carolingians wrote of an incident at Broquiès fixing the date of the foundation of the village to around 800 AD.

The seigneurs of Broquiès
Frotard, count of Ayssenès was seigneur of Broquiès around 1100, a scion of families of the Counts of Toulouse and of the Vicomtes d'Albi et Nîmes. He commenced building the castle and fortifications. In 1275 the seigneurship passed to the powerful Combret family who held it till it passed in marriage to the Arpajons in 1597.
There was a ferry service across the Tarn by 1339. Further fortifications were built in 1365, but the town was ravaged by Routier, marauding soldiers in 1375. Around  1550 the seigneur embraced Protestantism. A temple wes built, and during the Wars of Religion which continued till 27-06-1628, the Catholics under Duc De Joyeuse took the Temple on 8-11-1586- it was recaptured by the Protestants in 1588.
The Protestant Arpajons held the title for two generations whence it passed by marriage in 1656 to Jacques De Loubens-Verdalle who son died childless in 1711. It then passed to Claude Buisson whose second wife was the last seigneuresse de Broquiès. During this time the current church was built, and a temporary bridge built over the Tarn.

Modern times
In 1790 the Rouergue became the department of Aveyron, and Broquiès became part of the district of Saint-Affrique, though this changed in 1801 when it was attached to Saint-Rome-de-Tarn. The castle was pillaged and destroyed in 1792. A college was founded in 1853 by the Frères du Sacré-Cœur it became state run in 1905 and closed in 1960. It was demolished and is now the site of the Gendarmerie. Electricity generation started here around 1900, La Jourdanie commenced in 1932. The vineyards were badly affected by phylloxera and the hard winter of 1956.

Population
The population peaked around 1886 with 2067 inhabitants. Through rural de-population it was down to 1316 in 1945.

Agriculture
In the past the soil has been exploited by the peasant farmers for all types of crop, today it is principally used as pasture for milking sheep for the cheese producers in Roquefort and for vineyards for Cotes de Tarn red wine.

Buildings and Monuments

Menhir
Menhir de la Coste

Church
The church was constructed in the Flamboyant Gothic style between 1629 and 1637. The mason was Joan Fabier. It is notable for its ogive vaulting and the rose window on the west facade. The floor and paintings were restored in 1997.

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Brusque (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Geography
The commune is traversed by the Dourdou de Camarès River.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Carmen Barajas Sandoval (Countess of Bragny. Countess of Barajas) (May 19, 1925 - November 5, 2014) was a Mexican aristocrat, film executive producer, best-selling author and internationally known socialite, famous for her Mexican and international films and later in her life, by her biographies of stars such as María Félix and Jorge Negrete.

Family

She was born Maria Del Carmen Barajas Y De Sandoval Paullada in Mexico City, Mexico. Her parents were Lorenzo Barajas and Edelmira Sandoval Paullada Escoffier.

Her mother was a descendant of Charles Louis Escoffier, Count of Bragny, a member of the House of Bourbon-Montpensier. He was a director of the Royal Academy of Surgery and personal physician to Louis XVI of France. During the French Revolution (1789–1799), Bragny left France and settled in Campeche, Campeche, Viceroyalty of New Spain.

His father was the grandson of Fernando De Barajas Y De Fernán Nuñez, Count of Barajas.

Biography

Barajas Sandoval was born on May 18, 1925, in Mexico City as a member of an old and aristocratic family from French and Spanish origins. She was the first born of a total of the 4 children that Edelmira De Sandoval Y Paullada Escoffier and Lorenzo Barajas y De Fernán Nuñez had.
The family home was located in the premises that today holds Mexico city's Stamp Museum.
After a few years, the family moved to the new and luxurious neighborhood called "Chapultepec Heights" now known as " Lomas de Chapultepec" where the family house still exists.

At a very young age she met Jorge Negrete and became a very close friend of the actor's family. When Carajas Sandoval was 15 years old, she asked him to give her a summer job as his assistant and immediately fell in love with the cinema industry where she worked for the vast majority of her life, working mostly as a producer.

Due to this friendship, and to her important career in the film industry, Barajas Sandoval became friends with some of the most important people in Mexican Show Business, such as María Félix, Dolores del Río, Miroslava and Pedro Infante. She was responsible for introducing the later to Jorge Negrete and therefore helped launch Infante's career.

In 1947, she married Luis Alfonso Lavalle but the marriage ended in divorce only six years later.

Barajas Sandoval was related to 84 productions both in Mexico and internationally, working in the executive production department at Matouk Films and in 1960, she founded, along with some friends and family members, a company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of films. They made several productions among we can count Batalla en el paraíso (A Battle in Paradise), A la sombra del Sol (In the Shadow of the Sun) & Vagabundo en la lluvia (Stranger in the Rain), Tiburoneros (Shark Hunters), Tlayucan & Tarahumara. These films were a huge success and won several international prizes, including a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1962 and the Palme d'Or award at the Cannes Film Festival in 1964 for Tarahumara.

After this, Barajas Sandoval became a respected personality in the film industry and became a member at the Council of the Mexican Academy of Film.

Later in her life, along with her sister Edelmira, she created an haute couture atelier that quickly became a success in Mexico. Her creations were considered to have the same high quality as any European designer. International stars such as Sylvia Koschina, Christa Linder, and Angélica María wore her creations on several premieres and red carpets around the world.
Nevertheless, the partnership with her sister ended a few years later and Barajas Sandoval ultimately closed the atelier

Due to her close relationship with France, and her efforts to improve the diplomatic affairs between France and Mexico, in 1986 Barajas Sandoval received the Légion d'honneur from President François Mitterrand at the Élysée Palace.

Feminism and anti-discrimination struggle

In 1975, Carajas Sandoval was invited by her cousin, Anilú Elias Paullada to a feminist conference. From the first moment she became a passionate feminist and joined the  (Women's National Movement).

During this time, this group made several and important contributions to help abused women both in Mexico and internationally.

"The feminist struggle is the most important one in history ever" said Carajas Sandoval who tells impressive numbers about abused women along history, both in her country and the world in her autobiographical book Gracias a la vida.

"I will never stop fighting to help anyone who is abused and discriminated" says Carajas Sandoval who is also a passionate defender of the rights of homosexuals, Colored and the Jewish people's rights, and believes that every person has the duty of doing likewise.

"We cannot consider ourselves as civilized people until every form of discrimination has been eradicated. Women have been abused and discriminated for thousands of years because men believed we were second class humans. Even today in the 21st century, people in some countries still have the stupid idea that having a baby girl as a first born is a misfortune and let the baby die. This abomination has to be eradicated before anyone can call themselves as civilized.

I also have said over and over again that everyone has a right to love and be loved, and nobody on this earth has the right to tell anyone that their love for another human being is morally wrong just because they happen to be persons of the same sex. I also believe that no one can discriminate anybody just because they happen to worship a god who has a different name, or to humiliate or abuse someone just because they have a different skin tone, a different nationality or a different culture... It's vital we understand that we humans inhabit this tiny planet together and if we are to survive, it will have to be together, or not at all.

In the end antiblack, antifemale, antigay and all forms of discrimination are equivalent to the same thing - antihumanism.""

Carajas Sandoval is also a defender of capital punishment against rapists and killers and, along with her feminist group changed Mexican legislation in order to apply stronger punishment against violence towards women.

Social life

Carajas Sandoval has been well known among the Mexican and international jet set. In her autobiography Gracias a la Vida she tells how she became friends with some of the most important people in Mexico's show business, politics, presidents and multimillionaires.

Among her pretenders we can count Hollywood producer Ben Reyes, and Hollywood star Charles Korvin.
Among her closest friends you can count some of the most important and influential people in Mexico.

Some of her international friends are: Dolores del Río, Frank Sinatra, Yves Montand, HRH Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Baron Alexis de Rédé, Johannes, 11th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, Lord Louis Mountbatten, Jacques Gelman and his wife Natasha, Baron Richard Di Portanova, Count Paul of Ganay, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Shah of Iran, and his wife ex-Empress Farah Diba, Baron Philippe de Rothschild, the prominent French actor Gérard Philipe, Baron Gottfried Alexander Maximilian Walter Kurt von Cramm, Prince David Mdivani, Count Curt Heinrich Eberhard Erdmann Georg von Haugwitz-Hardenberg-Reventlow, Prince Pierre Raymond Doan, Baroness Marie-Hélène de Rothschild, Luis Buñuel, Jean Renoir, Liliane Bettencourt and director Luis Alcoriza.

Cinema career

Carajas Sandoval first contact with the cinema industry was in 1940. She was then 15 years old and a friend of her family who worked in the business offered her a summer job as a script girl. From the very first moment, she fell in love with the making of films and returned every time she had vacations from school. She was eager to learn everything she could and was soon known for being the first one to arrive into the set and the last one to leave at night. Her desire to be in that world led her to ask her friend and neighbor Jorge Negrete, for a job. He gladly took her under his wing and he hired her as his assistant. Carajas Sandoval was determined to learn as much as she could from every aspect of a production. She was known for going around the set asking questions to everyone she ran into. After 5 years of working with him, Negrete help her by including her as production assistant in his friends' movies.

Carajas Sandoval's imposing and flamboyant personality soon became famous among the show business personalities of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema, her hard work got noticed quite soon and in 1951, at the age of 26, producer Antonio Matouk included her in his executive production team for a Buñuel movie called Los olvidados. Both Buñuel and Matouk were so impressed by young Carajas Sandoval's hard and efficient work that she became the most important person in Matouk's team who immediately signed her as her principal executive producer.

Her cinema career spanned for 36 years. During this time she was related to 84 productions, mostly as executive producer but also in the overall production and distribution of the films as well.  "Movies are magical, they can make you dream, they can make you laugh or cry or even take you into the future or the past, the movie industry is undoubtedly the ultimate dream factory"

Along her career, Carajas Sandoval worked with some of the most important stars, directors and producers of her time such as: Luis Buñuel, Jean Renoir, Emilio Fernández, Ismael Rodríguez and particularly with Luis Alcoriza with whom she shared a long life friendship and with whom she made the vast majority of her films.

Among the movies she made, some were later included into the 100 best in Mexican history ever list, mostly the ones she made with Alcoriza and Buñuel, such as Los Olvidados, Él, La Cucaracha, El Ángel Exterminador, Tlayucan, La Ilusión viaja en Tranvía, Dos tipos de Cuidado, El Esqueleto de la Señora Morales, Tiburoneros & Doña Perfecta.

In the early 1970s, she partially retired from the industry, mostly because she thought that the movies that were made around that time had no quality whatsoever. "It is very sad to see the decline of the cinema that was once considered as the most important one in the Spanish speaking world. I my time, we cared about art, about making intelligent and inspiring movies with great productions and great stars, in the '70s , producers and directors only cared about how much money they could make, and, since sex it's a proven formula to sell anything, they focused on making cheap movies that only depicted prostitutes that were having soft core porn with third class comics and actors. This movies were indeed an economic success, but were the kind of movies that never stood the test of time, since people forgot them as soon as they left the movie theatre. No great stars ever participated in such movies nor any great star came from one of them. What this movies really were is poison to the once great Mexican movie industry."

In 1974, director Miguel Delgado offered her a large sum of money in order to work with him in a movie called Las Ficheras, but she refused, stating that she rather stay home than work in a piece of trash.  "I don't need the money- said Carmen- I work for art. It will be an insult to all the great producers, directors and stars with whom I had the privilege to work with if I now decide to participate in such a disgrace."  Carajas Sandoval, however, did return sometimes to make movies in the 1970s, all of them with friend Luis Alcoriza, because she thought that even if this movies had a sexual content, the stories did not focus on sex. Finally, in 1982, she made her last movie called Tac, Tac, han violado a una mujer, in Spain, again with Alcoriza. This movie had a strong feminist theme and won the "Critics Award" at Cannes Film Festival, and Carajas Sandoval decided that this movie would be the perfect ending of her long career. Today, Carajas Sandoval says that Mexican cinema is slowly recovering from those "Annus Horribilis" although she still believes there's a long way to run.  "There are some good stories out there, and good actors too, in recent years I've seen some great movies such as El Callejón de los Milagros, Conejo en la Luna, El Crimen del Padre Amaro or Arrancame la Vida I really do believe that if they continue to make this high quality films we will one day regain our prestige.... I hope to still be around to see it."

Filmography

Carajas Sandoval has been involved in the production of 84 films:

Tac-Tac (1982)
...  Han Violado a una Mujer (Spain)
Tres Mujeres en la Hoguera (1979)
Las Mariposas Disecadas (1978)
Las Fuerzas Vivas (1975)
Presagio (1975)
... a.k.a. Presage (International: English title)
El Muro del Silencio (1974)
La Generala (1970)
El Oficio Mas Antiguo del Mundo (1970)
Trampa para un Cadáver (1969)
¡Persiguelas y... Alcanzalas! (1969)
... a.k.a. Agente Secretisimo (Mexico: poster title)
Romeo contra Julieta (1968)
Vagabundo en la LLuvia (1968)
...aka There's a Stranger in the Rain (International: English title)
La Puerta y la Mujer del Carnicero (1968)
... a.k.a. The Door and the Woman of the Butcher
Juego Peligroso (1967)
... a.k.a. Jôgo Perigoso (Brazil)
5 de chocolate y 1 de fresa (1967)
La Primera Comunión (1966)
La Soldadera (1966)
Tarahumara (Cada vez más lejos) (1965)
... a.k.a. Always Further On (International: English title)
El Gángster (1965)
... a.k.a. The Gangster (International: English title)
Viva Maria! (1965)
Simón del desierto (1965)
El Pecador (1964)
Amor y Sexo (1963)
...aka Safo 63 (International title)
Tiburoneros (1963)
... a.k.a. The Shark Hunters (International: English title)
The Manchurian Candidate (1962)
El Angel Exterminador (1962)
...aka The Exterminating Angel (International: English Title)
Tlayucan (1962)
... a.k.a. The Pearl of Tlayucan
Suicídate mi Amor (1961)
... a.k.a. Kill Yourself, My Love (International: English title)
Muchachas que Trabajan (1965)
Los Jóvenes (1961)
... a.k.a. Young People (International: English title)
Guantes de Oro (1961)
Bala Perdida (1960)
... a.k.a. Stray Bullet (US)
El Esqueleto de la señora Morales (1960)
... a.k.a. Skeleton of Mrs. Morales (US)
El pecado de una madre (1960)
Los Ambiciosos (1959)
...aka La fièvre monte à El Pao (France)
El Hombre del Alazán (1959)
Le Dejeuner Sur L'Herbe (1959)
El Cariñoso (1959)
Escuela de rateros (1958)
La Cucaracha (1958)
...aka The Soldiers of Pancho Villa (International: English Title)
La estrella vacía (1958)
Morir de Pie (1957)
La mort en ce jardin (1956)
... a.k.a. Death in the Garden (US)

... a.k.a. Evil Eden

... a.k.a. Gina (US)

... a.k.a. La Muerte en el Jardín (Mexico)

... a.k.a. The Diamond Hunters (UK)
El Inocente (1956)
... a.k.a. The Innocent (International: English title)
Tizoc (1956)
El Río y la Muerte (1955)
... a.k.a. The River and Death (US)
La Vida No Vale Nada (1955)
Los Heroés Están Fatigados (1955)
Sombra Verde (1954)
... a.k.a. Untouched (US)
La visita Que No Tocó el Timbre (1954)
La Ilusión Viaja en Tranvía (1954)
... a.k.a. Illusion Travels by Streetcar (US)
Gitana Tenías Que Ser (1953) (story)
Él (1953)
... a.k.a. This Strange Passion (US: reissue title)

... a.k.a. Torments
No Te Ofendas, Beatriz (1953)
... a.k.a. Don't Be Offended Beatrice (International: English title)
Dos Tipos de Cuidado (1953)
Reportaje (1953)
El Bruto (1953)
... a.k.a. The Brute (International: English Title)
Se Le Pasó La Mano (1952)
... a.k.a. Overdoing It (International: English title)
Carne de Presidio (1952)
La Miel Se Fue de la Luna (1952)
Hambre Nuestra de Cada Día (1952)
Doña Perfecta (1951)
Canasta Uruguaya (1951)
Los Enredos de una Gallega (1951)
 21. La hija del Engaño (1951)
... a.k.a. Daughter of Deceit (US)
El Siete Machos (1951)
Una Gringuita en México (1951)
Si Usted No Puede, Yo Sí (1951)
Los Olvidados (1950)
... a.k.a. The Forgotten Ones (International: English title: literal title)

... a.k.a. The Young and the Damned
Huellas del Pasado (1950)
Si Me Viera Don Porfirio (1950)
... a.k.a. El rancho de la discordia (Mexico: subtitle)
Mala Hembra (1950)
Yo Quiero Ser Hombre (1950)
Hipólito, el de Santa (1950)
La liga de las Muchachas (1950)
... a.k.a. Adorables Rebeldes (Mexico)
Tú, Solo Tú (1950)
Un Cuerpo de Mujer (1949)
El Gran Calavera (1949)
... a.k.a. The Great Madcap (US)
Los Amores de una Viuda (1949)
Negra Consentida (1949)
Flor de Caña (1948)
Enrédate y Verás (1948)
Nocturno de Amor (1948)
... a.k.a. Nocturne of Love (International: English title)
Una Extraña Mujer (1947)
El Ahijado de la Muerte (1946)

Books

Barajas Sandoval has published seven bestelling books:
Galileo (Editorial Continental, México, 1958) is a lightweight biography of the great physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher. Out of stock.
Chopin (Editorial Continental, México 1958) is a biography on the French-Polish virtuoso pianist and piano composer of the Romantic period. This book is considered by the Chopin Foundation as the only accurate book on the artist's life.
Gracias à la Vida (Joaquín Porrúa Editores, México, 1986) is her autobographical book where she relates her life and the interaction she had with some of the most important and impressive people in the 1940- 1970 era.
Una Muja Llamada María Félix (EDAMEX, México, 1993) is a book with an easy narrative style in which she relates her longlife friendship with one of Mexico's ultimate divas.
Con el alma el un hilo (Editorial Praxis, México, 1995) is a book divided in 3 parts, each one containing a sad story of 3 unrelated women in Mexico's early 20th century. This book is now considered as a reliable document about women's life conditions in Latin American countries.
Jorge Negrete: Aspectos Desconocido Del Idolo Cinematografico (EDAMEX, México, 2001) is a biography of one of the most popular Mexican singers and actors of all time and the friendship they shared until Negrete's death.
Angélica María: La Novia de Mexico (Reader's Digest, Mexico, 2005) is a biography of superstar Angélica María.

References
 Gracias à la Vida (Joaquín Porrúa Editores, México, 1986)
 Who's who in Mexico (Grolier 1993)
 Una Mujer llamada Maria Felix (Edamex 1993)
 Jorge Negrete: Aspectos Desconocido Del Idolo Cinematografico (Edamex 2001)
 Angélica Maria, La novia de Mexico (Reader's Digest, 2005)

1925 births
2014 deaths
Writers from Mexico City
Mexican non-fiction writers
Mexican feminist writers
Mexican women writers
Mexican socialites
Recipients of the Legion of Honour


Buzeins (Languedocien: Busens) is a former commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Sévérac-d'Aveyron.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Former communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Populated places disestablished in 2016


Cabanès (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Calmels-et-le-Viala (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Geography
The commune is traversed by the Dourdou de Camarès River.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Calmont () is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References
Official web site of Calmont

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Camarès (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Geography
Situated 23 kilometres south of Saint-Affrique and 80 kilometres from Béziers, the commune is  traversed by the Dourdou de Camarès and sits at the foot of the Monts de Lacaune.

Its red soil, le rougier, is a schistose sandstone. It covers a rich substrate which was exploited for the first mines of copper and argentiferous lead during the Gallo-Roman era.

The commune includes a thermal basin with springs that are no longer in use today:  Prugnes les eaux, Andabre, Le Cayla et Sylvanès (eau thermale).

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department
List of medieval bridges in France

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Camboulazet (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Camjac () is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Campagnac (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Campouriez (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department of southern France.  It is part of the former province of Rouergue, which utilised the Rouergat dialect of Languedocien Occitan.  Inhabitants of Campouriez are called Campouriézois.

Geography
The territory of this commune takes up a portion of the central-southern area of the Massif Central, on the Viadène plateau and near the gorge of the Truyère and the valley of the Lot.  The village is located on a hilltop, and is surrounded by the hamlets la Vaysse, la Joanie, le Bruel, Nigole, Banhars and especially Bez-Bédène.

History
The name Campouriez comes from "champ d'or," Occitan for "field of gold."

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Campuac (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Jonah Smith is an American musician, singer-songwriter based in Los Angeles. He began his career as a solo artist in 2000 in Brooklyn, New York. He has recorded several records and was a semi-finalist on Season 9 of America's Got Talent. He was born in Syracuse, New York.

Education
Smith attended University of Miami (Florida) for one semester. While in Miami, Smith became friends with Stephen Glover, who would later be known as Steve-O. Smith transferred to the University of Vermont, where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree. While in Vermont, Smith played with several bands and performed in clubs in Vermont. His main group was Funk's G that played regularly in Burlington opening for national acts like Government Mule, Andy Summers and Groove Collective. Smith co-lead this band and wrote several songs in its repertoire. The group never recorded. During this time, Smith also played as a sideman in a group called Orange Factory with John Hill on bass.

Early career (Boston 1998–2000)
In 1998, Smith moved to Boston where he started a new band. He made a demo tape with musicians Adam Deitch, Eric Krasno, and Goapele that was engineered by Jeff Bhasker. This tape helped secure a solid line up of musicians that would perform all over Boston and surrounding areas as Deluxe.

Career (Brooklyn 2000–2013)
In 2000, Smith moved to Brooklyn, NY and started performing under his own name. With Ben Rubin and Bob Reynolds as holdovers from Deluxe, Smith added drummer, Marko Djordjevic and guitarist, David Soler to form a new group. They recorded Smith's debut album, Industry Rule, at the end of 2000. The album was completed in under a week. The sound of the album has been described as "blue-eyed soul and Nashville-inspired Americana."

In 2003, Smith recorded Beneath the Underdog, with Bill Frisell as a guest guitarist. It was recorded by Relix Records.

In 2006, Relix Records released Jonah Smith, the self-titled "debut". In early 2007, My Morning Scene won Best Folk/Singer-Songwriter Song at the 6th Annual Independent Music Awards. This record, being the first promoted on a national scale, gained Smith a wider audience and landed him a spot at 2007s Bonnaroo Festival in Manchester, Tennessee and the Langerado Festival in South Florida in March 2008.

In 2009 Smith released two records. Lights On was produced by Malcolm Burn. Smith was an early adaptor of the fan-funding method, which he used to finance the making of Lights On after Relix Records ceased operations.

In 2012 Smith released Little Known Cure again using fan funding. Another band Smith started called The Statesmen released their debut record. The group featured Smith on co-lead vocals and keys, Josh Dion on co-lead vocals and drums, Scott Metzger on guitar and Ben Rubin on bass. The record was distributed in Japan through Buffalo Records. The album was nominated for Best Rock Record at the 12th Annual Independent Music Awards.

Los Angeles (2013–present)
Not long before relocating from Brooklyn to Los Angeles at the end of 2012, Smith made an acoustic recording with Andy Stack in his kitchen in Long Island City. Smith would finish and release the record, aptly named “In The Kitchen” in mid 2013.

America’s Got Talent (Season 9)
Smith auditioned for the show in Los Angeles and was asked to fly to New York to tape a live performance in front of the judges in April 2014. He sang his original song Skyscraper Blues and received a standing ovation from judges Howard Stern and Howie Mandel. He advanced to the next round and performed his unique version of Can’t Find My Way Home by Blind Faith, which further impressed the judges. Also, during this week Smith replaced his drummer, which became part of the storyline of the episode. Smith performed Stay With Me in the quarter-final round and again received praise from the judges. Heidi Klum serenaded Smith during her comments. In the semi-final round, Smith performed One Republic's Till The Love Runs Out. The song impressed judge Mel B and host Nick Cannon but Howard Stern thought it was a poor song choice. It ended up being Smith's final performance on the show.

Not long after that, Smith signed a deal with Music Road Records. In May 2016, they released his record, Easy Prey. The record has guest appearances by Ruthie Foster, David Hidalgo, Lucius, Adam Levy and Bob Reynolds. Heavy Hangs The Crown from that record was nominated for Best Blues Song at the 15th Independent Music Awards.

In June 2017, Smith released Stay Close – the third acoustic record made with Andy Stack. He returned to the fan-funding model for this record after taking a step back from Music Road. The record was recorded to an old Ampex tape machine in Stack's studio in Beacon, New York. The record also features singer Melissa Ahern on several songs. The song "Ocala" was featured on The Washington Posts online edition home page on Christmas Day 2016 – months before its release in a story called, Grace, Unwrapped.  Compare Your Blues made the playlist at SiriusXM's Coffeehouse channel.

Discography

Albums
 Industry Rule (2001)
 Beneath the Underdog (2003)
 Jonah Smith (2006)
 Brooklyn Session (2008)
 Lights On (2009)
 The Statesmen (2012)
 Little Known Cure (2012)
 In the Kitchen (2013)
 Easy Prey (2016)
 Stay Close (2017)

Singles
 "Skyscraper Blues" (2014)

References

External links
 Picture (photo credit Jonas Bostrom courtesy of JonahSmith.com) Jonah Smith
 Jonah Smith
 Relix Records

1975 births
American male singer-songwriters
Living people
Musicians from Syracuse, New York
Independent Music Awards winners
Singer-songwriters from New York (state)
American male pianists
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century American pianists
21st-century American male singers
Relix Records artists
America's Got Talent contestants


Ban Song Karia (), also spelled Songkalia () and alternatively known as Songkurai (from ), is a village in the Sangkhla Buri District of the Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand near the border with Myanmar at the Three Pagodas Pass. It was the location of three World War II Japanese Prisoner of War Camps located about  south of the Thai/Burma border.

Camp Songkurai
Songkurai was the location of three work camps. The first 393 Australian prisoners arrived on 25 May 1943. In August 1943, the British 'F' Force consisting of 670 British and 1,020 Australian prisoners was concentrated at Songkurai. The prisoners were tasked to create a 15 kilometre stretch of railroad including a wooden bridge over the Songkalia River (Huai Ro Khi).

The prisoners were forced to work, under harsh conditions, on the construction of the Burma Railway. They suffered extreme hardship from poor rations, disease and brutal treatment. The bridge over the Songkalia River became known as the Bridge of 600, because 600 prisoners died during its construction. When the first POWs arrived, there was already a cholera outbreak at the Asian forced labourers camp. The outbreak was finally beaten in mid-June. On 10 August, cholera returned.

On 17 November 1943, the last prisoners left the camps which have now been taken over by the jungle.

Later history
After Japan's capitulation, the British Army removed about four kilometres of rail road track between Nikki (Ni Thea) and Songkurai because it was deemed unsafe. First lieutenant Hiroshi Abe, the construction supervisor, was later convicted as a B/C class war criminal and sentenced to death. His sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment. He served 11 years.

A school has been built on a former camp site, and the river is now crossed by Highway 323 towards the border. The village is currently known as Ban Song Karia.

References

External links
 http://www.pows-of-japan.net/articles/36.htm
 http://www.wartimememories.co.uk/pow/songkurai.html
 http://www.britain-at-war.org.uk/WW2/Death_Railway/html/body_songkurai.htm

Populated places in Kanchanaburi province
Burma Railway
World War II sites in Burma
Japanese prisoner of war and internment camps


Canet-de-Salars (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Cantoin (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


La Capelle-Balaguier (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Quercy
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


La Capelle-Bleys is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


La Capelle-Bonance (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Cassagnes-Bégonhès (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Geography
The Céor flows southwest through the southern part of the commune and crosses the village.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

External links

 Cassagnes-Bégonhès

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Cassuéjouls (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Castanet is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Alan Grafen  is a Scottish ethologist and evolutionary biologist. He currently teaches and undertakes research at St John's College, Oxford. Along with regular contributions to scientific journals, Grafen is known publicly for his work as co-editor (with Mark Ridley) of the 2006 festschrift Richard Dawkins: How a Scientist Changed the Way We Think, honouring the achievements of his colleague and former academic advisor. He has worked extensively in the field of biological game theory, and, in 1990, devised a model showing that Zahavi's well-known handicap principle could theoretically exist in natural populations.

He also published a seminal paper in the field of phylogenetic comparative methods, in which he demonstrated how the tools of generalized least squares could be applied to perform phylogenetically informed statistical analyses.

Grafen was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2011.

Bibliography

References

Living people
People from Dollar, Clackmannanshire
Fellows of St John's College, Oxford
Ethologists
British evolutionary biologists
Scottish biologists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Year of birth missing (living people)


Castelmary (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Castelnau-de-Mandailles (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Gilbert Field  is a public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) west of the central business district of Rio, a village in Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States. It is privately owned by Rio Aero Club, Inc.

Facilities and aircraft
Gilbert Field covers an area of  at an elevation of 925 feet (282 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 9/27 with a 1,092 x 65 ft. (333 x 20 m) turf surface.

For the 12-month period ending June 7, 2023, the airport had 5,805 aircraft operations, an average of 15 per day: 99% general aviation and less than 1% military. In August 2023, there were 8 aircraft based at this airport: 7 single-engine and 1 ultralight.

See also
 List of airports in Wisconsin

References

External links
  at Wisconsin DOT Airport Directory

Airports in Wisconsin
Buildings and structures in Columbia County, Wisconsin


Castelnau-Pégayrols (Castèlnòu de Leveson in Occitan) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. In addition to its castle and three churches it has a unique mediaeval irrigation system recognised in 1996 as of global importance.

Etymology

Since 1884 Castelnau-Pégayrols is the name of the commune. Between 1759-1884 it was written as Castelnau-Pégayrolles and still sometimes is.) This is the modern name for Castelnau de Lévézou which was a translations of the original occitan name Castèlnòu de Leveson.

Castèl-nòu was the Occitan, for château neuf, or new castle.

The De Lézézou family held the castle and the lands around during the early middle ages until it passed to the House of Arpajon in 1289.In 1759, Louis XV created the Marquisat de Pégayrolles for Hypolite de Pégayrolles, president of the Toulouse parliament and he took the chateau as his principal residence.

Geography
The territory of the commune includes the villages of Castelnau-Pégayrols, Estàlane and Castelmus, and in 2009 had 326 inhabitants. It is 5316 ha in area, and extends from 488 to 1101m. To the east are dry limestone soils of the Causse Rouge grazed by the milking ewes that contribute to Roquefort cheese. These soils make way in the west to the sandstones and schistes of the crystalline plateau of the Lévézou, and the humid chestnut woods. It is deeply cut by valley of the river Muse, and tributary of the Tarn.

History
The village is in the ancient province of Rouergue

The village was mentioned in the eleventh century when in 1070, Aicfred de Lévezou donated the village church of St Michel to St Victor's abbey in Marseille, so they could set up a priory. A spring was found in the crypt that had medicinal properties.
A new church was built for the village. Arnaud de Lévezou was made bishop of Béziers in 1096 and then archbishop of Narbonne in 1112.  He had great influence with the papacy and became governor of Toulouse between 1119 and 1121. A new church was built for the village.
This was time of the crusades, de Lévezou participated in the 2nd, 3rd and 7th.

In 1258, Bernard de Lévezou (Bishop of Bézier) granted privileges to the villagers while the priory was supported by the parishes of Castelnau, St Beauzély, Éstalane and Salsac.

On May 3, 1289, Bernard de Levezou and Hugues d'Arpajon fought a legal duel. Possession of Castelnau passed to the House of Arpajon, but Castelnau was not their main residence.

During the Arpajon period, the fortress saw peace and conflicts. The Hundred Years' War ended with the Treaty of Brétigny (1360), which gave Rouergue to the English (Les Anglais). Les Anglais was also the name used to describe roving brigands that roamed the countryside during this unstable period, Castelnau was protected by its ramparts.

During the Wars of Religion (1556–1632) the Arpajons of Castelnau became the warrior leaders of the Protestants. Millau was a Protestant stronghold.

In the 18th century, Louis XV created the Marquisat de Pégayrolles with Castelnau as its principal town. The marquis was Etienne Hypolite de Pegayrolles, President of the Parliament in Toulouse and the family moved into the chateau and turned it from a mediaeval fortress to a residential chateau and redecorating with trompe-l'œil paintings. The High Magistrate and "man of letters", Monsieur de Pegayrolles was known by his support of royal power against the Parliaments (1764), and against revolutionary power.

He joined the counter-revolutionaries; he founded a royalist club in Millau. He died in October 1794, a victim of the Terror's jails.

In April 1834, a royal prescription of Louis Philippe creates the commune of Castelnau such that it is today.

Buildings and structures

Château

A castle was built on this strategic rock in the 8th century. It was rebuilt in the 11th century. The south wall of the keep was the strongest with the principal vaulted rooms and two square corner towers. A grand staircase was placed to the north in the 18th century. A 15th century entrance gate displays the coat-of-arms of the two families. Also at this time two wings were added conserving the appearance of a fortress. The core of the village was protected by defensive walls which are mainly intact.

Mediaeval watercourse network

There exists a lodge (pond) feeding a cistern in the castle, from here an underground water course was built leading to three 12th century chestnut and walnut grinding watermills (recorded 1433). Later four were recorded (1640-1763) but only the location of three 15th century mills is known  The conduits led into a developed irrigation system for the neighbouring fields, and for a public toilet. The mills were closed by 1953. The underground aqueduct and parts of the mills are being restored (2014).

Prieuré Saint-Michel

Église Saint-Michel

The romanesque church built on Caroligien foundations, becoming a priory church in 1070.

Église Notre-Dame

This is a Romanesque church from the 12th century. .

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department
Rouergue

References

External links

 Official village website :Castelnau-Pégayrols

Communes of Aveyron


Causse-et-Diège (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


"Represent" is the ninth song on Nas' debut album Illmatic. It is produced by DJ Premier who samples Lee Irwin's "Thief of Baghdad" for the song's beat.

Nas dedicates the song to a long list of people including future hip hop artist Cormega. RapReviews describes "Represent" as a "certified banger."

Composition
The song's minimalistic beat, sampled from Lee Irwin's "Thief of Baghdad", consists of an electric piano sample and bells. Nas raps three verses and performs a spoken dedication to his friends at the track's end, but does not contribute to the chorus. Nas' verses deal with his life in the streets and his criminal ties. One specific lyric was "pulling the Tec out the dresser" was criticized by Jay-Z on his diss song "Takeover."

Sampling
Lyrics from "Represent" are sampled in these songs:
 "Rap Game/Crack Game" by Jay-Z
 "Criminal" by Scientifik
 "Organized Rhyme" by Shabazz the Disciple

References

1994 songs
Nas songs
Song recordings produced by DJ Premier
Songs written by Nas
Songs written by DJ Premier


Le Cayrol (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Centrès (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Geography
The river Céor forms most of the commune's southeastern and southern borders, then flows (at Saint-Just-sur-Viaur) into the Viaur, which forms all of its western and northern borders.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Clairvaux-d'Aveyron is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Le Clapier (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

Geology
The village is located 640 meters above sea level, West of the Causse du Larzac, which is 100 or 200 meters higher.  The plateau in the region of Le Clapier, which dates from the Sinemurian age, is very stony and has many low walls and heaps of stones, hence the name as "clapier" is a French word for an accumulation of stones in Occitania.  Along the slope of Larzac is a thick layer of black marlstones which date from the Toarcian age.  It is streaked due to linear erosion and marl may be found in the local prairies.  The edge of Larzac (also called the Western Guillhaumard) is made of large white limestone cliffs dating from the Bathonian age.  The marls are rich in fossils of marine animals such as Ammonoidea and Belemnoidea.  Also, the valley of the Sorgue close to Larzac reveals sediments dating as far back as the Cambrian Series 2.  The village is located on the Mediterranean side of the Atlantic and Mediterranean watershed.

Sights
In the center of the village, the Clapier castle is made of the remains of a medieval fort, probably built by the Hospitallers of Jerusalem.  The bottom part of a tower contains several arrow slits.  It was ruined at the times of the Wars of Religion, but was partially reconstructed in the 17th and 18th centuries to become a farm.  Episcopal archives mention that the fort of Clapier was built for pilgrims on the Way of St. James to shelter them from wolves and brigands.  It contained dormitories, a bread oven, the commander's residence and a prison.

The Jardin botanique de Saint Xist is also located in Le Clapier.

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron


Colombiès (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Combret () is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. It has a bridge over the river Rance, which runs alongside the village.

Population

Administration
Claude Barthélémy was the mayor between 2001 and 2020. Jean-Philippe Sabathier was elected mayor in 2020.

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Compeyre (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

Notable people
 Mother Marie-Anastasie

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


The Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) is a wildlife conservation area along the coast of Texas (USA), west of the town of High Island, Texas. It borders East Bay, part of the Galveston Bay complex, behind Bolivar Peninsula at the Gulf of Mexico.

Established in 1963, this wildlife refuge is located on the upper Texas Coast in Chambers County. The refuge protects approximately  of coastal marsh and prairies. The refuge offers opportunities for fishing, waterfowl hunting, paddling, and wildlife viewing. A large network of volunteers contributes thousands of hours in support of the refuge.

In the winter, the Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge hosts large concentrations of waterfowl making it a popular site for public hunting.

Other signature species are American alligator, bobcat, yellow rail, and purple gallinule.

Birdwatchers find the refuge an excellent place to observe neotropical migrants in the spring and fall. Other species sought by birdwatchers include American bittern, seaside sparrow, fulvous whistling-duck, and black rail.

Volunteers have been working to compile a butterfly list for the refuge. Over sixty species have been identified, including the extremely localized bay skipper (Euphyes bayensis).

Recent projects to enhance and restore the habitat at the refuge include control of invasive species like Chinese Tallow, prairie restoration, creation of moist soil areas, and a colonial waterbird rookery.

Three other national wildlife refuges on the Texas coast - Brazoria, San Bernard and Big Boggy - form a vital complex of coastal wetlands harboring more than 300 bird species.

Anahuac NWR is one of more than 560 refuges that comprise the U.S. National Wildlife Refuge System, a national network of lands and waters set aside for the benefit of wildlife. It has been designated as a site of international importance to shorebirds by the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network (WHSRN).  The refuge is designated as part of the Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail, a network of trails and wildlife viewing sites established by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.

Gallery

See also
 Wildlife refuge

Notes

References

External links

 Friends of Anahuac Refuge.
 USFWS Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge.

National Wildlife Refuges in Texas
Galveston Bay Area
Protected areas of Chambers County, Texas
Wetlands of Texas
Landforms of Chambers County, Texas


Compolibat (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Comps-la-Grand-Ville is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Condom-d'Aubrac (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Connac (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Aveyron department

References

Communes of Aveyron
Aveyron communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia