Harry Butler Daft (5 April 1866 – 12 January 1945) was an English footballer who played for Notts County, with whom he won the FA Cup in 1894, as well as making five appearances as a left winger for the national side. He was also an accomplished first-class cricketer, playing 200 matches for Nottinghamshire between 1885 and 1899.

Football career

The youngest son of Richard Daft (Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club 1858–1891), brother of Richard Parr Daft (Nottinghamshire C.C.C. 1886), nephew of Charles Frederick Daft (Nottinghamshire C.C.C. 1862–64) and cousin to H.C. Daft, the champion hurdle racer. For genuine all–round sporting ability, however, the star of this remarkable family was Harry Butler Daft. In addition to his England football caps, he played in 190 matches for Nottinghamshire C.C.C. and represented the Gentlemen against the Players. Additionally, he was no mean exponent of the game of lacrosse, having represented the North against the South, and was a reserve for England when 20 years of age. As a footballer he was noted for his great speed, clever centres and ability as an goalscorer.

Daft signed for Notts County in March 1885 but travelled around before the Football league era started. He went to Nottingham Forest in 1886, Newark Town in 1887 and Corinthian in the early part of 1888. He was back with Notts County when the Football League era commenced in September 1888. Harry Daft, playing as a forward, made his League debut on 22 September 1888 at Victoria Ground, the then home of Stoke. Notts County were defeated 3–0

Daft, playing as a forward, scored his debut League goal on 6 October 1888 at Trent Bridge, the then home of Notts County. Harry Daft scored the opening goal against visitors, Blackburn Rovers. The match ended as a 3–3 draw. Harry Daft appeared in 19 of the 22 League matches played by Notts County in season 1888–89 and top–scored with eight League goals. Harry Daft, playing as a forward/centre–forward (17 appearances) played in a Notts County forward–line that scored three–League–goals–or–more on six separate occasions.

Daft made his first appearance for England on 2 March 1889 against Ireland. England won the match "quite comfortably" 6–1, with John Yates scoring a hat trick.

1890–91 saw a considerable improvement in County's form, and they finished the league in third place. Daft only missed one league appearance, scoring six goals. His two goals against Burnley in the FA Cup helped County reach the final against Blackburn Rovers. In the final itself, played at the Kennington Oval on 21 March 1891, County were "a little overawed by the great occasion and especially by the FA Cup experience of Blackburn" who won 3–1.

Two weeks before the FA Cup Final, Daft played his fourth international match, against Ireland on 7 March 1891. Daft played at outside left and was amongst the scorers as England again won 6–1. This match was Tinsley Lindley's final appearance for England, and he marked the occasion with two goals.

In the 1891–92 league season, he missed only two matches scoring 13 goals as County finished the season eighth in the table. At the end of the season he was selected for what was to be his final appearance for England. In the match against Ireland Daft played at inside left and was awarded the captaincy of a team that comprised only professionals, five of whom were making their international debuts. Daft marked the occasion by scoring twice, either side of half-time, as England won 2–0.

An invaluable servant to the Notts club who, in 1893, was said to be the one remaining link connecting the present "Notts Incorporated" with the old Notts club. In January 1893 he was sensationally dismissed after he had declined to travel to Scotland for the New year tour on account of a foot injury. He was quickly snapped up by Nottingham Forest, but donned the scarlet jersey on only four occasions (scoring one League goal), one of his appearances being against the Magpies on 25 February 1893, at the Town Ground, Forest winning 3–1. Much to the relief of the Trent Bridge faithful, the rift was healed in the close season and Daft returned to the Magpies.

In the Cup, County overcame three Division One teams to make it to the final. Burnley were defeated 1–0 in Round One at home. Subsequently, non-league Burton Wanderers were beaten 2–1 at Burton. In Round Three, there was a derby against local rivals Nottingham Forest with County managing a 1–1 draw away from home before easily defeating their archrivals 4–1 in the replay to claim a place in the Semi-Final against Blackburn Rovers. In the semi-final, held at Bramall Lane, Rovers were odds-on favourites to win; County, however, managed a 1–0 victory with Daft scoring the only goal of the game.

The 1894 FA Cup Final was played at Everton's Goodison Park against Bolton Wanderers, who had spent most of the season struggling near the foot of the First Division. Bolton fielded an under-strength side as a result of injuries to several key players, with others playing in less than full health, whereas County were able to field a full strength side. County soon took the lead and by half-time were 2–0 up with goals from Arthur Watson and James Logan. Logan's goal followed "some excellent wing play from Daft." Logan scored twice more in the second half and ran out 4–1 victors, thus becoming the first team from Division Two to win the cup.

When Harry Daft left Notts County and returned to Newark Town in 1895 he had made 179 appearances for Notts County (137 in the League and 36 in the FA Cup) scoring 81 goals (58 in the League and 20 in the FA Cup.

As well as his success at football, Daft was an accomplished cricketer and was also selected as a reserve for the England lacrosse team.

Cricket career

Harry Daft was the second son of Richard Daft, who was one of the best batsmen of his day. At Trent College he played for the college XI when only 12 and showed such increased skill as he played with his seniors that in 1885, when 19, he was tried for Nottinghamshire in several games. He made his first-class debut on 28 May 1885 against Marylebone Cricket Club and was top scorer for the county, making 23 in the first innings before being bowled by W. G. Grace. He made his County Championship debut at Yorkshire on 29 June and went on to play in five championship matches that season.

The next season, he appeared for Gentlemen v. Players at the Oval and he assisted Nottinghamshire as an amateur until he turned professional in 1890. According to his obituary in Wisden, he was "especially strong in defence, with skill in placing his strokes, he never suggested forcing ability and scarcely reached the high standard of his county's best batsmen". In August 1891, he played with his father in the county eleven, at Kennington Oval against Surrey. Richard Daft had returned to the Nottinghamshire side after an absence of ten years because Arthur Shrewsbury was forced to stand down through injury. Neither father nor son made any particular impact in this game, with Harry scoring 5 and 0, and his father 12 and 2 as Surrey won by an innings and 46 runs.

His best season with the bat was in 1894 when he totalled 596 runs at an average of 19.22. He achieved his first-class top score at the end of August against Kent at Trent Bridge with 92 not out. Against Surrey at The Oval in August 1896 he carried his bat through the second innings for 77 in a vain attempt to save his side from defeat. His best bowling figures of 5-79 came in the County Championship match against Kent at Mote Park, Maidstone in July.

References

External links

England profile
Player profile at the FA

1866 births
People from Radcliffe-on-Trent
Footballers from Nottinghamshire
1945 deaths
English men's footballers
England men's international footballers
Notts County F.C. players
Newark Town F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Corinthian F.C. players
English cricketers
Nottinghamshire cricketers
People educated at Trent College
North v South cricketers
Gentlemen cricketers
English Football League representative players
Men's association football midfielders
Cricketers from Nottinghamshire


Nakshi kantha, a type of embroidered quilt, is a centuries-old Bengali art tradition of the Bengal region, notable in Bangladesh and Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and part of Assam. The basic material used is thread and old cloth. Nakshi kanthas are made throughout Bangladesh, but the greater Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Bogra, Rajshahi, Faridpur and Jessore, Chittagong areas are most famous for this craft.

The colourful patterns and designs that are embroidered resulted in the name "Nakshi Kantha", which was derived from the Bengali word "naksha", which refers to artistic patterns. The early kanthas had a white background accented with red, blue and black embroidery; later yellow, green, pink and other colours were also included. The running stitch called "kantha stitch" is the main stitch used for the purpose. Traditionally, kantha was produced for the use of the family. Today, after the revival of the nakshi kantha, they are produced commercially.

Word origin
The word kantha has no discernible etymological root. The exact time of origin of the word kantha is not accurately known but it probably had a precursor in kheta (khet Bengali means "field"). According to the word kantha originated from the Sanskrit word kontha, which means rags, as kantha is made of rags.

Tradition
Like any other folk art, kantha making is influenced by factors such as materials available, daily needs, climate, geography, and economic factors. Probably the earliest form of kantha was the patchwork kantha, and the kanthas of the decorative appliqué type evolved from this.

In literature
The earliest mention of Bengal Kantha is found in the book Sri Sri Chaitanya Charitamrita by Krishnadas Kaviraj, which was written some five hundred years ago. The famous Bengali poet Jasimuddin also had a very famous poem 'Nakshi Kanthar Math' on Nakshi Kantha

Making
Traditionally old sarees, lungis and dhotis were used to make kanthas. Kantha making was not a full-time job. Women in almost every household were expert in the art. Rural women worked at leisure time or during the lazy days of the rainy season, so taking months or even years to finish a kantha was normal.  At least five to sixty nine sarees were needed to make a standard-size kantha. Today the old materials are replaced by new cotton cloths. Traditionally the thread was collected from the old sarees. That is rarely done today.

When a kantha is being made, first the sarees are joined to attain the required size, and then layers are spread out on the ground. The cloths are then smoothed, and no folds or creases are left in between. During the process, the cloth is kept flat on the ground with weights on the edges. Then the four edges are stitched and two or three rows of large running stitches are done to keep the kantha together. At this stage, the kantha can be folded and stitched at leisure time.

Originally, designs and motifs were not drawn on the cloth. The design was first outlined with needle and thread, followed by focal points, and then the filling motifs were done. In a kantha with a predominant central motif the centre was done first, followed by corner designs and the other details. In some types of kanthas (carpet, lik and sujni, etc.) wooden blocks were used to print the outline. The blocks are replaced today by patterns drawn in tracing papers.

Types
The following is how kanthas are categorized, according to the stitch type:

Running stitch

The running stitch kantha is truly the indigenous Zidan Al Hakim. They are subdivided into Nakshi (figured) and par tola (patterned). Nakshi (figured) kanthas are further divided into motif or scenic kanthas.

Lohori kantha
The name was derived from Sanskrit, as in "'Soundarya Lahari" or "Shivananda Lahari"- Religious poetic works in Sanskrit by Adi Shankara. It is also found in Persian Language giving the same meaning, 'lehr, which is "wave". This type of kantha is particularly popular in Rajshahi. These kanthas are further divided into soja (straight or simple), Kautar khupi (pigeon coop or triangle), borfi or diamond (charc

Lik or anarasi

The Lik or Anarasi (pineapple) type of kantha is found in the Chapainawabganj and Jessore areas. The variations are lik tan, lik tile, lik jhumka, and lik lohori.

Cross-stitch or carpet

This type of kantha was introduced by the English during the British Rule in India. The stitch used in this kanthas is the cross-stitch.

Sujni kantha

This type of kantha is found only in Rajshahi area. The popular motif used is the undulating floral and vine motif.

Influence of religion and folk belief
Hindu women during 19th century used human and animal forms to tell stories of Gods and Goddesses and their Vahanas. Bengali women were free to draw upon their rich indigenous surroundings as well as their contemporary stories. To them the fabric was the artist and the person was the artisan. Mid 19th century, colour schemes and designs of Nakshi Kantha began to change to make them suitable for use on modern garments. 1940 Kabiguru Rabindra Nath Tagore and his daughter-in-law Pratima Devi trained Santali women in Birbhum District and quality work was produced under the tutelage of 'Kalabhaban' Artists.

Kantha consists of the simplest stitch in the language of embroidery – the running stitch, yet it is making a mark in the National as well as International Market. Nowadays,'Nakshi Kantha' is treated as traditional form of folk art as well as catering to top designers for their haute-couture creations. Nakshi Kantha in Bangladesh – Jessore, Faridpur, Mymensingh and Jamalpur have similar styles when it comes to stitching. These precious works of art remain silent witnesses of past, present and future of Bangladesh.

Stitches

The earliest and most basic stitch found in kanthas is the running stitch. The predominant form of this stitch is called the phor or kantha stitch. The other forms of stitches used are the Chatai or pattern darning, Kaitya or bending stitch, weave running stitch, darning stitch, Jessore stitch (a variation of darning stitch), threaded running stitch, Lik phor or anarasi or ghar hasia (Holbein) stitches. The stitches used in modern-day kantha are the Kasmiri stitch and the arrowhead stitch. Stitches like the  herringbone stitch, satin stitch, backstitch and cross-stitch are occasionally used.

Types
Kanthas generally denote quilts used as wrappers; however, all articles made by quilting old cloth may also be referred to by the same generic name. However, depending on the size and purpose, kanthas may be divided into various articles, each with its specific names. The various types of kantha is as follows:
 Quilt (lep in Bengali): A light quilted covering made from the old sarees/dhotis/lungis and sometimes from sheet cloths.
 Large spread (Naksi Kantha in Bengali): An embellished quilt embroidered in traditional motifs and innovative style
 Puja floor spread (Ason in Bengali): Cloth spread for sitting at a place of worship or for an honoured guest.
 Cosmetic wrapper (Arshilota in Bengali): A narrow embroidered wrapper to roll and store away a woman's comb, mirror, eye kohl, vermilion, sandal paste, oil bottle, etc. Often, a tying string is used to bind the wrap, as in later day satchets.
 Wallet (Batwa thoiley in Bengali): Small envelope-shaped bag for keeping money, betel leaves, etc.
 Cover for Quran (ghilaf in Arabic and Bengali): Envelope-shaped bag to cover the Quran.
 Prayer mats (Jainamaz in Bengali): Mats used by Muslims to say prayers.
 Floor spread (Galicha in Bengali): Floor coverings.
 Cloths wrapper (Bostani, guthri in Bengali): A square wrapper for books and other valuables.
 Cover (Dhakni in Bengali): Covering cloths of various shapes and sizes.
 Ceremonial meal spread (Daster khan in Bengali): A spread for eating place, used at meal time.
 Pillow cover (Balisher chapa or oshar in Bengali): A flat single piece pillow cover.
 Handkerchief (Rumal): Small and square in shape.
 Modern-day articles: Today newer uses are found for nakshi kanthas, such as bedspreads, wall hangings, cushion covers, ladies' purses, place mats, jewellery boxes, dress fronts, skirts border, shawls and sharees.

Motifs
Motifs of the nakshi kantha are deeply influenced by religious belief and culture. Even though no specific strict symmetry is followed, a finely embroidered naksi Maheen will always have a focal point. Most kanthas will have a lotus as focal point, and around the lotus there are often undulating vines or floral motifs, or a shari border motif. The motifs may include images of flower and leaves, birds and fish, animals, kithen forms even toilet articles.

While most kantas have some initial pattern, no two naksi kantas are same. While traditional motifs are repeated, the individual touch is used in the variety of stitches, colours and shapes. The notable motifs found in naksi Sabbir are as follows:

Lotus motif

The lotus motif is the most common motif found in kanthas. This motif is associated with Hindu iconography and thus is also very popular in the kantha. The lotus is the divine seat. It is also symbolic of cosmic harmony and essential womanhood. The lotus is also the symbol of eternal order and of the union of earth, water and, sky. It represents the life-giving power of water, and is also associated with the sun for the opening and closing of the petals. It is also the symbol of the recreating power of life. With the drying up of water, the lotus dies and with the rain it springs to life again. The lotus is associated with purity and the goddess Laksmi, the goddess of good fortune and abundance. There are various forms of lotus motifs, from the eight-petaled astadal padma to the hundred petaled satadal. In the older kanthas, the central motif is almost always a fully bloomed lotus seen from above.

Solar motif
The solar motif is closely associated with the lotus putki. Often, the lotus and the solar motifs are found together at the centre of a nakshi kantha. The solar motif symbolizes the life giving power of the sun. The sun is associated with the fire which plays a significant part in Hindu rites, both religious and matrimonial.

Moon motif
The moon motif has a religious influence, and is popular amongst the Muslims. Mostly it is in the form of a crescent moon accompanied by a star. This motif is particularly found in jainamaz kanthas.

Wheel motif
The wheel is a common symbol in Indian art, both Hindu and Buddhist. It is the symbol of order. The wheel also represents the world. The wheel is a popular motif in kanthas even when the maker has forgotten the significance of the symbol. The motif is relatively easy to make with chatai phor.

Swastika motif
Su asti in Sanskrit means it is well. As a motif in Indian art, it dates back to the Indus Valley civilization. It is symbol of good fortune. It is also known as muchri or golok dhanda.  With the passage of time, the design is more curvilinear than the four armed swastika of the Mohenjodaro seal. The symbolic design has significant influence in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

Tree of life motif

The influence of this motif in Bangladeshi art and culture (as with kantha) may be traced back to the Indus Valley civilization. It is likely that the Indus people conceived the pipal as the Tree of Life with the devata inside embodying the power of fecundity. During the Buddhist times, the cult of the tree continued. Pipal is sacred to the Buddha because he received enlightenment under its shade.  It reflects the fecundity of nature and is very popular in Bengal. Vines and creepers play an important role in kanthas and they contain the same symbolisation as that of tree of life. A popular motif in Rajshahi lohori is the betel leaf.

Kalka motif

This is a latter-day motif, dating from Mughal times. The kalka or paisley motif originated in Persia and Kashmir and has become an integral image of the subcontinental decorative motif. It can be compared with a stylized leaf, mango or flame. The kalka is an attractive motif and number of varieties are experimented. Similar motifs can be found in traditional Kashmiri shawls.

Other motifs

 Water Motif:
 Mountain Motif:
 Fish Motif:
 Boat Motif:
 Footprint Motif:
 Ratha Motif:
 Mosque Motif:
 Panja or Open Palm Motif:
 Agricultural Implements:
 Animal Motifs:
 Toilet Articles:
 Kithen Implements:
 Kantha Motif:
 Palanquin Motif:

Borders

Most nakshi kanthas have some kind of border. Either a sari border is stitched on or a border pattern is embroidered around the kantha. The common border found in kanthas are as follows:
 The Paddy stalk or date branch (dhaner shish or khejur chari)
 The Scorpion border (Biche par in Bengali)
 The Wavy or bent Border (Beki in Bengali)
 The Diamond border (Barfi)
 The Eye border (chok par in Bengali)
 The Amulet border (Taabiz par in Bengali)
 The Necklace border (mala par in Bengali)
 The Ladder Border (Moi taga)
 The Gut taga
 The Chick taga
 The nolok taga
 The Fish border (Maach par in Bengali)
 The panch taga
 The Bisa taga
 The Anaj taga
 The shamuk taga
 The wrench border
 The anchor (grafi par in Bengali)
 The pen border (kalam par in Bengali)

Collections

Bangladesh
 Bangla
 Design Centre, BSCIC
 Folk Art and Crafts Foundation
 Bangladesh National Museum

India
 Ashutosh Museum, Kolkata
 Calico Museum of Textiles, Ahmedabad
 Gurusaday Museum, Thakurpur

Organizations which make Nakshi Kanthas
 Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB), Karu Palli Sales Centre
 Kumudini Handicrafts (cares), Bangladesh
 BRAC-Aarong, Bangladesh

Controversy regarding Geographical Indication
In 2008, the Indian state of West Bengal applied for the Geographical Indication for Nakshi kantha, while Bangladesh was also a strong contender for the same. But due to absence of proper law on Geographical Indication in Bangladesh that time (which was later adopted), Bangladesh could not officially apply for the GI. The registry office handed over the Geographical Indication to West Bengal in 2008.

Bangladesh authority however later passed the "Bangladesh Geographical Indication (Registration and Protection) Act, 2013" in parliament and with other necessary preparations now waiting for the next re-applying time cycle to claim the Geographical Indication for Nakshi kantha to Bangladesh.

See also
 Nakshi pati, decorative sleeping mats made from cane, reeds, etc.

Notes and references

Notes

References

External links

 Registered GI tag details
 The Beautiful Art of Nakshi Kantha
 independennt-bangladesh.com-naksi-kantha
 Gurusaday Museum, India
 Bangladesh National Museum
 Kantha Embroidery of West Bengal

Blankets
Folk art
Bedding
Geographical indications in West Bengal
Bengali culture
Culture of West Bengal
Quilting
Embroidery in India
Arts in Bangladesh
Bangladeshi art
Bangladeshi handicrafts


Paul Hébert, OC, CQ (May 28, 1924 – April 20, 2017) was a French Canadian television and stage actor and director, and the founder of six theatres in Quebec. He is best known for his role as Siméon Desrosiers in Le Temps d’une paix, a Canadian soap opera.

Life
Hébert was born on May 28, 1924, in Thetford Mines, Quebec, where he was raised by his mother and aunts. He attended high school at the Collège de Lévis in Lévis and university at Université Laval in Quebec City.

He died on April 20, 2017, in Quebec City.

Career
Hébert appeared on many Canadian television series including 14, rue de Galais and Nos étés. He also notable for portraying the French judge Henri Donnedieu de Vabres in the Canadian–American drama film Nuremberg.

He spent the first two years of his career managing Les Comédiens de Québec, a theater company in Quebec City. In 1949, on scholarship from the Arts Council of Great Britain, he traveled to London to study at The Old Vic theatre. He returned to Canada in 1952. Between 1954 and 1964, he founded three theatre houses to train actors. In 1982, he opened another theatre house, Théâtre Paul-Hébert in Île d'Orléans. In 1965, he appeared in the Gilles Carle film La Vie heureuse de Léopold Z. He also taught at the National Theatre School that year. During the 1970s, he was the artistic director for Trident Theatre, another house he founded.

He was made an Officer of the Order of Canada on June 29, 1987, for his services to French Canadian entertainment and was made a Knight of the National Order of Quebec in 1994. In 1984, the Université du Québec awarded him an honorary doctorate, as did Université Laval in 2000. In 2007, he earned the Denise-Pelletier Award for Performing Arts, a Governor General's Award, the Academy of Quebec Theatre's Hommage Award and the Victor-Morin Theatre Award.

Partial filmography
The Luck of Ginger Coffey (1964) - Court Clerk
Regards sur l'occultisme (2e partie) - Science et esprits (1965) - Narrator
La vie heureuse de Léopold Z (1965) - Théophile Lemay
It Isn't Jacques Cartier's Fault (C'est pas la faute à Jacques Cartier) (1968)
My Side of the Mountain (1969) - Hunter
The Christmas Martian (Le martien de Noël) (1971) - Le père / Father
Les jours gris (1974) - Un pensionnaire
Pardon Mon Affaire (1976) - (uncredited)
Happy Memories (Les Beaux Souvenirs) (1981) - Marie's father
Les Yeux rouges (1982) - Thomas
In the Shadow of the Wind (Les Fous de Bassan) (1987) - Timothé Brown
The Mills of Power (Les tisserands du pouvoir II: La Révolte) (1988)
La nuit avec Hortense (1988)
The Confessional (Le Confessionnal) (1995) - The Parish Priest (1989)
The Ear of a Deaf Man (L'oreille d'un sourd) (1996) - Emile
The Long Winter (1999) - Grand-père Bouchard
Nuremberg (2000, TV Mini-Series) - Henri Donnedieu de Vabres
The Book of Eve (2002) - Mr Cooper
The Novena (La Neuvaine) (2005) - Prêtre qui bénit
Route 132 (2010) - Monsieur Crète (final film role)

References

External links

1924 births
2017 deaths
Canadian male film actors
Canadian male television actors
French Quebecers
Knights of the National Order of Quebec
Officers of the Order of Canada
People from Thetford Mines
Prix Denise-Pelletier winners
Governor General's Award winners


What If God Were the Sun? is a 2007 American television film directed by Stephen Tolkin and starring Lacey Chabert and Gena Rowlands. Written by Janet Dulin Jones and Jamie Pachino, based in part on a novel by John Edward, the film is about a dedicated nurse whose life is disrupted by her father's death. After losing her job, she finds comfort and inspiration in caring for a terminally ill woman with a quick wit and strong faith. What If God Were the Sun? was originally broadcast by Lifetime Television on May 14, 2007.

Plot
Jamie is an ER nurse preparing for her upcoming wedding. When her policeman father unexpectedly dies in a hospital room adjacent to the one in which she's caring for a patient, her grief consumes her life, severely affecting her job performance and her relationship with her fiancé. Not until she meets Melissa, who is facing death from cancer with a sunny outlook and an unwavering faith in God, does Jamie begin to cope with her feelings and question her religious beliefs, including her conviction that the afterlife doesn't exist.

Cast

 Lacey Chabert as Jamie Spagnoletti
 Gena Rowlands as Melissa Eisenbloom
 Sam Trammell as Jeff
 Sarah Rafferty as Rachel Eisenbloom
 Klea Scott as Carmen
 Amanda Brugel as Lupe
 Diana Reis as Katherine
 Kim Roberts as Maricela
 Maria Ricossa as Alma
 Illya Torres-Garner as Raul
 Ernesto Griffith as Captain Herbert
 Yogesh Chotalia as Dr. Browning
 David Stuart Evans as Michael
 Robert Marshall as Orlando
 Jan Skene  as Dr. Greenberg

Critical reception
In her review in Variety, Laura Fries said, "Rowlands is easily the best thing about the pic, and faces its many challenges, including cliches and colossally bad dialogue, with her reputation fairly unscathed . . . ultimately even [her] presence can't save the film from its own overwrought emotions and preposterous posthumous allusions. Perhaps the dead are always with us, but they would surely be grateful to miss this one."

Marilyn Moss of The Hollywood Reporter observed, "Its parts don't always mesh or make sense - storywise and otherwise - but anyone who stays with the characters long enough won't come away empty-handed . . . the story [wants] to be too many things and encase too many issues and events. Still, who cares about such small matters if it means getting to watch Gena Rowlands on the screen?"

Nominations
Gena Rowlands was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie for her performance.

References

External links

2007 television films
2007 films
2007 drama films
Lifetime (TV network) films
2000s English-language films


Martin Rinkart, or Rinckart (23 April 1586, Eilenburg – 8 December 1649) was a German Lutheran clergyman and hymnist. He is best known for the text to "Nun danket alle Gott" ("Now thank we all our God") which was written c. 1636. It was set to music by Johann Crüger about 1647, and translated into English in the 19th century by Catherine Winkworth.

Rinkart was a deacon at Eisleben and archdeacon at Eilenburg, where he was born and also died. He served there during the Thirty Years' War and a severe plague in 1637.

Hymns
 Nun danket alle Gott  (Now thank we all our God)

External links
 Martin Rinkart hymnary.org
 Martin Rinckart (Hymn-Writer) Bach Cantatas Website

1586 births
1649 deaths
Renaissance composers
People from Eilenburg
German Lutherans
German Lutheran hymnwriters
German male composers
17th-century German composers
17th-century German people
17th-century hymnwriters
17th-century German musicians
17th-century male musicians


In computer science, Scott encoding is a way to represent (recursive) data types in the lambda calculus.  Church encoding performs a similar function.  The data and operators form a mathematical structure which is embedded in the lambda calculus.

Whereas Church encoding starts with representations of the basic data types, and builds up from it, Scott encoding starts from the simplest method to compose algebraic data types.

Mogensen–Scott encoding extends and slightly modifies Scott encoding by applying the encoding to Metaprogramming.  This encoding allows the representation of lambda calculus terms, as data, to be operated on by a meta program.

History

Scott encoding appears first in a set of unpublished lecture notes by Dana Scott
whose first citation occurs in the book Combinatorial Logic, Volume II. Michel Parigot gave a logical interpretation of and strongly normalizing recursor for Scott-encoded numerals, referring to them as the "Stack type" representation of numbers.
Torben Mogensen later extended Scott encoding for the encoding of Lambda terms as data.

Discussion

Lambda calculus allows data to be stored as parameters to a function that does not yet have all the parameters required for application.  For example,

May be thought of as a record or struct where the fields  have been initialized with the values .  These values may then be accessed by applying the term to a function f.  This reduces to,

c may represent a constructor for an algebraic data type in functional languages such as Haskell.  Now suppose there are N constructors, each with  arguments;

Each constructor selects a different function from the function parameters . This provides branching in the process flow, based on the constructor. Each constructor may have a different arity (number of parameters).  If the constructors have no parameters then the set of constructors acts like an enum; a type with a fixed number of values.  If the constructors have parameters, recursive data structures may be constructed.

Definition
Let D be a datatype with N constructors, , such that constructor  has arity .

Scott encoding

The Scott encoding of constructor  of the data type D is

Mogensen–Scott encoding

Mogensen extends Scott encoding to encode any untyped lambda term as data.  This allows a lambda term to be represented as data, within a Lambda calculus meta program.  The meta function mse converts a lambda term into the corresponding data representation of the lambda term;

The "lambda term" is represented as a tagged union with three cases:
 Constructor a - a variable (arity 1, not recursive)
 Constructor b - function application (arity 2, recursive in both arguments),
 Constructor c - lambda-abstraction (arity 1, recursive).

For example,

Comparison to the Church encoding

The Scott encoding coincides with the Church encoding for booleans.  Church encoding of pairs may be generalized to arbitrary data types by encoding  of D above as

compare this to the Mogensen Scott encoding,

With this generalization, the Scott and Church encodings coincide on all enumerated datatypes (such as the boolean datatype) because each constructor is a constant (no parameters).

Concerning the practicality of using either the Church or Scott encoding for programming, there is a symmetric trade-off: Church-encoded numerals support a constant-time addition operation and have no better than a linear-time predecessor operation; Scott-encoded numerals support a constant-time predecessor operation and have no better than a linear-time addition operation.

Type definitions

Church-encoded data and operations on them are typable in system F, as are Scott-encoded data and operations. However, the encoding is significantly more complicated.

The type of the Scott encoding of the natural numbers is the positive recursive type:

Full recursive types are not part of System F, but positive recursive types can are expressible in System F via the encoding:

Combining these twos fact yields the System F type of the Scott encoding:

This can be contrasted with the type of the Church encoding:

The Church encoding is a second-order type, but the Scott encoding is fourth-order!

See also

 Church encoding
 System F
 Lambda cube

Notes

References
Stump, A. (2009). Directly reflective meta-programming. Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation, 22, 115-144.
Mogensen, T.Æ. (1992). Efficient Self-Interpretations in lambda Calculus. J. Funct. Program., 2, 345-363.

Lambda calculus


DWCL (92.7 FM), broadcasting as 92.7 Brigada News FM, is a radio station owned by UBC Media (Love Radio Network) and operated by Brigada Mass Media Corporation. The station's studio and transmitter are located at the UBC Bldg., McArthur Highway, Brgy. Sindalan, San Fernando, Pampanga.

It was formerly known as Power 92.7, airing Christian Music from 1987 to 2015, when BMMC took over the station's operations. It initially served as a relay of its Luzon flagship station, being heard in most parts of Central Luzon. On September 14, 2015, the station launched its own local programming, featuring the top Central Luzon broadcasters of Newscasters, Reporters and DJ's, prompting the change to Pampanga-Central Luzon. In July 2023, the station was downgraded to a semi-satellite of 105.1 Brigada News FM based in Manila.

References

Radio stations in Pampanga
Radio stations established in 1987
2015 establishments in the Philippines


"Can't Cry Hard Enough" is a song written by David Williams and Marvin Etzioni. Williams originally recorded a version titled "I Can't Cry Hard Enough" with Victoria Williams for the latter's 1990 album Swing the Statue!. The following year, the version by both David and Andrew Williams as the Williams Brothers was released as a single. It peaked at number 42 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1992. It also spent two weeks at number 29 on the Cash Box chart.

Chart history

Cover versions
 Co-writer Marvin Etzioni also recorded his own version in 1992 for his album The Mandolin Man.
 Julie Miller covered the song on her 1994 album Invisible Girl.
 Australian sibling trio the Robertson Brothers released their version as a single in 1994, from their debut album Symmetry.
 English soft rock band Smokie (with lead singer Alan Barton, who died in 1995) recorded their version which appears on their CD Celebration in 1994.
 Susan Ashton covered the song on her 1999 album Closer.
 It was also recorded by Bellefire in 2004 for their final album Spin the Wheel.
 Tom Freund recorded the song for his 2008 album Collapsible Plans, and this version appeared on the TV series One Tree Hill.
 Filipino singers Jed Madela, Sam Milby and Rachelle Ann Go have also covered the song.

References

1990 songs
1991 singles
Songs written by Marvin Etzioni
American soft rock songs
Warner Records singles


Aleksandr Kharlov (; born 18 March 1958) is a retired hurdler from the Soviet Union, best known for winning the bronze medal at the inaugural 1983 World Championships in the men's 400 m hurdles.

Kharlov competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics, where he was eliminated in the semifinals of the men's 400 m hurdles. He set his personal best (48.78 seconds) on 20 June 1983, at the Soviet Spartakiad, winning his only Soviet championship title; , this time remains the Uzbekistani national record. Later that summer, he won gold at the Universiade in Edmonton, running 49.41 and defeating Senegal's Amadou Dia Ba by half a second. At the inaugural World Championships in Helsinki in August 1983 Kharlov won the bronze medal in 49.03; running in lane one, Kharlov was among the tail-enders for much of the race but finished fast, edging out Sweden's Sven Nylander (who also started slow) by 0.03 seconds.

References

External links

1958 births
Living people
Uzbekistani male hurdlers
Soviet male hurdlers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for the Soviet Union
Athletes from Tashkent
World Athletics Championships medalists
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
World Athletics Championships athletes for the Soviet Union
FISU World University Games gold medalists for the Soviet Union
Medalists at the 1983 Summer Universiade


Red Molly is a folk trio consisting of Laurie MacAllister (vocals, bass), Abbie Gardner (vocals, guitar, Dobro, lap steel guitar), and Molly Venter (vocals, guitar). They perform original works composed by each of the group members as well as other songwriters, such as Hank Williams, Gillian Welch, Richard Thompson, Mark Erelli, Jake Armerding, Ryan Adams and Amy Speace. Their fans are known as "Redheads".

History
Red Molly was formed late one night at the 2004 Falcon Ridge Folk Festival. MacAllister, Gardner, and Carolann Solebello, three solo singer-songwriters, were the last ones left at a song circle. They liked the way they sounded together and decided to form a band. The name Red Molly is taken from a character in the Richard Thompson song "1952 Vincent Black Lightning."

Their career started to take off in 2006. They were the top vote getters in the 2006 Falcon Ridge Folk Festival Emerging Artist Showcase.  WUMB in Boston named them Top New Artist of the Year and picked their Album Never Been to Vegas as one of their Top Albums of 2006.

In 2007 they toured with Pat Wictor and Ellis, the other winners of the Falcon Ridge Emerging Artist showcase, on the Falcon Ridge Preview tour and performed with them in the Most Wanted Song Swap at the Festival itself.

Their album Love and Other Tragedies reached number 15 on the Americana Charts on June 30, 2008. James reached number 4 on the same chart in May 2010. Light in the Sky was released on October 4, 2011.

On June 15, 2010, Red Molly announced that Carolann Solebello would be leaving the group and replaced by Molly Venter. On July 24 Solebello told the crowd at the Falcon Ridge Folk Festival it was her last show with the band and concluded: "I know about 75% of you by face, and I wanted my last show to be with my friends here at Falcon Ridge, not at some small club in some country I didn't know anybody."  Solebello continues to perform as a solo artist and released her fifth solo album Shiver, in 2018.

Molly Venter's debut with the trio was on August 6, 2010, at the Lunenburg Folk Festival.

On March 26, 2015, Red Molly announced that the band would take an extended hiatus after the conclusion of the 2015 tour on August 25, 2015. The band members have since pursued solo projects. They re-formed in 2017 with a tour that includes appearances in Seattle, Virginia, and New York City.

Discography

Albums
Studio albums

Live albums
2006: Never Been To Vegas Live Album

EPs
2005: Red Molly (4 song EP)
2018: One for All & All for One (6 song EP)

External links
 Band's Homepage

References

American folk musical groups
All-female bands
American bluegrass music groups
2004 establishments in New York (state)
Musical groups established in 2004


Clifford Wesley "Tacks" Latimer (November 30, 1875 – April 24, 1936) was an American professional baseball catcher who played in Major League Baseball for the New York Giants, Louisville Colonels, Pittsburgh Pirates, Baltimore Orioles, and Brooklyn Superbas from 1898 to 1902. Including the years he played only in the minor leagues or as a semi-professional, Latimer's career ranged from 1895 to 1908.

After his playing career ended, Latimer became a police officer with the Pennsylvania Railroad. In 1924, after a dispute with another police officer, Latimer shot him four times in the back, killing him. Latimer was found guilty of second-degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. He received a pardon in 1930 for his heroism during a prison break.

Early life
Clifford Wesley Lattimer was born in Loveland, Ohio, on November 30, 1875, to John Wesley and Nora (née McAdams) Lattimer. At some point, his name was changed to "Latimer". He began playing baseball with the Cincinnati Gymnasium Club, where he attracted the attention of scouts.

Baseball career
Latimer made his professional baseball debut with the Montgomery Grays of the Southern Association in 1895. He also played for the Norfolk Crows of the Virginia State League and Findlay Sluggers of the Interstate League. In 1897, he played semi-professional baseball in Chillicothe, Ohio, and played professionally for the Minneapolis Millers of the Western League. In 1898, he played for the Austin Senators of the Texas League and Dayton Old Soldiers of the Interstate League, before he signed with the New York Giants of the National League, making his major league debut in October. He played in five games for the Giants, and batted .294 (5-for-17).

Though Latimer signed with the Giants for the 1899 season, he began the season with Dayton. He signed with the Youngstown Little Giants of the Interstate League in May. Buck Ewing, the manager of the National League's Cincinnati Reds, offered to sign Latimer on a trial basis, but Latimer refused unless the signing was permanent. In September 1899, the Louisville Colonels of the National League purchased Latimer from Youngstown. He played in nine games for Louisville, and batted .276 (8-for-29).

Following the 1899 season, Colonels' owner Barney Dreyfuss purchased a controlling stake in the Pittsburgh Pirates, and consolidated the two teams in Pittsburgh. Louisville traded Latimer, Fred Clarke, Honus Wagner, Deacon Phillippe, Patsy Flaherty, Chief Zimmer, Claude Ritchey, Tommy Leach, Rube Waddell, Walt Woods, Bert Cunningham, Jack Wadsworth, Tom Messitt, and Mike Kelley for Jack Chesbro, George Fox, Art Madison, and John O'Brien. He played in four games for the Pirates, batting .333 (4-for-12), before he was released to the Syracuse Stars of the Eastern League after the Pirates acquired Jack O'Connor. In July, he was released by Syracuse and joined New Castle Quakers of the Interstate League.

After the 1900 season, John McGraw signed Latimer to the Baltimore Orioles of the upstart American League. He was to be the backup catcher to Wilbert Robinson. He played in one game for Baltimore in April 1901, batting 1-for-4. Roger Bresnahan, who previously played as a pitcher, became a catcher for Baltimore, and the team released Latimer. He played for the Fort Wayne Railroaders of the Western Association, but was released in July due to his high salary. He then signed with the St. Paul Saints of the Western League. He declined to re-sign with St. Paul for the 1902 season.

Latimer began the 1902 season with the Atlanta Firemen of the Southern Association. In August, he suffered a broken finger, and was released by Atlanta because he refused to play for half pay while injured. He signed with the Brooklyn Superbas of the National League. He played in eight games for Brooklyn, batting 1-for-24 (.042), before Brooklyn's manager, Ned Hanlon, furloughed him for the remainder of the season.

In 1903, Hanlon assigned Latimer to the Baltimore Orioles of the Eastern League. Refusing to report, Latimer demanded and received his release. Latimer requested a tryout with the Reds, but was turned down. He signed with the Denver Grizzlies of the Western League. He was released by Denver in July, and signed with the Rock Island Islanders of the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League. He signed with the Springfield Hustlers of the Illinois-Indiana-Iowa League for the 1904 season.

Latimer began the 1905 season with the Newark Sailors of the Eastern League and also played for the Norwich Reds of the Connecticut State League, until he was released in August after he refused a pay cut. In 1906, he played for the York Penn Parks, Lancaster Red Roses, and Harrisburg Senators of the Tri-State League. He was released by Lancaster in August, and finished the season with the Cumberland Rooters of the Pennsylvania–Ohio–Maryland League. He signed with Nashville Volunteers of the Southern Association for the 1907 season. He was released by Nashville in May, and finished the season with the Birmingham Barons, also in the Southern Association. He played for the McKeesport Tubers of the Ohio-Pennsylvania League in 1908, but he struggled and was released in July. Latimer was unable to find a team to play for in 1909.

Post-playing career
During Latimer's playing, he served as a part-time scout for the teams he played for in the minor leagues. He scouted for the Reds while Clark Griffith was their manager, after his playing career ended. Latimer became a full-time scout for the Pirates, and the Society for American Baseball Research has credited him with discovering Bob Vail and George Suggs. He may have also discovered Red Faber, and some contemporary sources credited him with finding Rube Waddell.

Latimer ran for sheriff of Greene County, Ohio, as a Republican in 1918, but lost. In either 1920 or 1921, Latimer became a detective for the Pennsylvania Railroad in Xenia, Ohio.

Criminal
Latimer served under Charles Mackrodt, a lieutenant with the Pennsylvania Railroad's police. They were friends, until Mackrodt was dismissed from the force. Mackrodt blamed Latimer for his dismissal. On November 26, 1924, Mackrodt confronted Latimer at the main intersection in Xenia, where Mackrodt allegedly threatened Latimer and challenged him to a fight in an alley. When Mackrodt turned away, Latimer shot Mackrodt four times with a .38 caliber revolver, killing him instantly. One bullet struck Mackrodt in the side and three struck him in the back. Latimer surrendered to police at the courthouse, which was across the street, and was charged with first-degree murder. He pled not guilty and was held without bond pending trial.

In his trial, which began on December 29, 1924, Latimer claimed that he shot Mackrodt in self-defense, saying that Mackrodt had threatened him previously and had shot at him on a previous occasion. Latimer also claimed that he did not shoot at Mackrodt until he put his hand into his pocket. Mackrodt had been carrying a pocketknife. Among the character witnesses called by the defense was Bob Ewing, a former teammate of Latimer's who was serving as sheriff of Auglaize County.

The jury convicted Latimer of second-degree murder on December 31, 1924, and was sentenced to life in prison at the Ohio State Penitentiary on January 5, 1925. He decided not to appeal the verdict. During his incarceration, Latimer was considered a model prisoner. He was made a trusty and managed the prison's baseball team.

Pardon
On November 8, 1926, a gang of 13 prisoners attacked the guards as they attempted to break out of the Ohio State Penitentiary. Latimer and other trusties assisted the guards with capturing the escaped prisoners. On April 21, 1930, a fire broke out that killed 322 prisoners. During the ensuing chaos, Latimer was given a shotgun and he stood guard overnight.

By May 1929, friends of Latimer began petitioning Governor Myers Y. Cooper to pardon Latimer. Cooper issued a pardon for Latimer on December 24, 1930.

Later life
Following his release, Latimer was hired as a night detective in a Cincinnati hotel. He then worked for the Container Corporation of America.

Latimer's first wife, Lottie, filed for divorce in 1926, after 27 years of marriage. They had three children together. He married Mildred Elizabeth Shawan on December 30, 1931, and they had a daughter in 1933.

Latimer died of a heart attack at his home in Loveland on April 24, 1936.

See also
List of professional sportspeople convicted of crimes

References

External links

1875 births
1936 deaths
Major League Baseball catchers
Brooklyn Superbas players
New York Giants (NL) players
Louisville Colonels players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Baltimore Orioles (1901–02) players
Baseball players from Ohio
Fort Wayne Railroaders players
St. Paul Saints (AA) players
Atlanta Firemen players
Rock Island Islanders players
Denver Grizzlies (baseball) players
Springfield Hustlers players
Norwich Reds players
Newark Sailors players
Montreal Royals players
Johnstown Johnnies players
York Penn Parks players
Lancaster Red Roses players
Harrisburg Senators players
Nashville Vols players
Birmingham Barons players
People from Loveland, Ohio
19th-century baseball players
Sportspeople from the Cincinnati metropolitan area
Findlay Sluggers players
People convicted of murder by Ohio
American murderers
American people convicted of murder
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Ohio
Sportspeople convicted of murder
Norfolk Clams players
Portsmouth Cobblers players
Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons
New Castle Quakers players


The Quill Lakes is a wetland complex in Saskatchewan, Canada that encompasses the endorheic basin of three distinct lake wetlands: Big Quill Lake, Middle Quill Lake, and Little Quill Lake. On May 27, 1987, it was designated a wetland of international importance via the Ramsar Convention. It was the first Canadian site in the North American Waterfowl Management Plan, is a site in the International Biological Programme and Saskatchewan Heritage Marsh Program, and was designated a Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network site of International significance in May, 1994. The site is an important staging and breeding area for spring and fall migration of shorebirds. The site qualifies as an Important Bird Area (IBA) of Canada for its globally and nationally significant migratory and breeding populations of more than a dozen species of birds. The IBA is designated as Quill Lakes (SK 002).

Description
The lakes were named for bird quills collected near shorelines and shipped to England for use as quill pens. Quill Lakes is Canada's largest saline lake, covering an area of about . Salinity varies within the lakes and with their water levels, but effectively limits the floral diversity of the region. Located directly north of Regina and east of Saskatoon, it is primarily provincial Crown land administered by the Fish and Wildlife Branch of Saskatchewan Environment. The surrounding area, consisting of glacial moraines, is mostly used for agricultural purposes. Big Quill Lake is pear-shaped and approximately  long, measuring  at its widest point. Middle Quill Lake, also known as Mud Lake, is the smallest of the three, about  long and  wide. Little Quill Lake is  long and  wide. Islands in Middle Quill Lake have been designated provincial wildlife refuges to protect breeding colonies of American white pelican and double-crested cormorant.

Drought in the surrounding regions results in increased water draw from the lakes, reducing the water level and increasing its salinity. This reduces the breeding habitat for the piping plover. Since 2005, above average precipitation has resulted in widespread flooding and the lake rising  and in danger of overflowing into the Last Mountain Lake watershed.

Studies and surveys
Various studies have surveyed bird populations at this site. The International Shorebird Survey in 1988 counted 155,000 shorebirds at Big Quill Lake. Surveys between 1989 and 1992 at Middle and Little Quill Lakes found one-day peaks of 101,900 birds. The most comprehensive study conducted, involving all three lakes, resulted in a count of 197,155 birds. The site is an important staging and breeding area for the endangered piping plover. Other species identified throughout the complex include "85,000 geese, 100,000 ducks, [and] 12,000 cranes", as well as black-bellied plover, sanderlings, Hudsonian godwits, red knots, stilt sandpipers, white-rumped sandpipers, semipalmated sandpipers, long-billed dowitchers, red-necked phalaropes, and lesser yellowlegs. Additionally, in the mid-1990s several whooping cranes were observed using the area for staging during fall migration.

Industry
Big Quill Resources (taken over by Sifto Canada in 2011) operates on the shore of Big Quill Lake extracts naturally occurring sulphate from the brine of the lake then combining it with potassium chloride to form sulphate of potash that is then sold as a fertilizer.

See also
List of lakes of Saskatchewan
List of protected areas of Saskatchewan

References

External links

Lakeview No. 337, Saskatchewan
Ramsar sites in Canada
Lakes of Saskatchewan
Important Bird Areas of Saskatchewan
Endorheic lakes of Canada
Saline lakes of Canada


John Bishop Harman, FRCS, FRCP (10 August 1907 – 13 November 1994) was a British physician, president of the Medical Defence Union and chairman of the British National Formulary. He was also notable as a medical expert witness for the defence in the trial of suspected serial killer John Bodkin Adams. His daughter, Harriet Harman, is a senior Labour Party politician.

Early life
Harman was born at 108 Harley Street, the heart of medical London, and practised and lived there his whole life. His father, Nathaniel Harman, trained as a Baptist minister but having gained a double first at Cambridge instead became an ophthalmic consultant. His mother was Katherine Chamberlain, a niece of Liberal politician Joseph Chamberlain, and thus cousin to Conservative Party Foreign Secretary Austen Chamberlain and Conservative Party Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain. Katherine also qualified as a doctor but devoted herself to her family instead of practising. Both his parents were committed Unitarians, his mother by birth and his father by conversion before marriage; his mother gave a substantial sum of money towards the reconstruction of the headquarters building known as Essex Hall. His eldest sibling grew up to be a historian and writer, best known under her married name as Elizabeth Pakenham, Countess of Longford.

Harman went to Oundle School, where he was very left-wing. According to a classmate, Sir Cyril Clarke, he later "became a staunch conservative, although he was nearly always anti-establishment simply for the fun of it." According to his daughter, Harriet, he was an "old-fashioned One Nation Tory". He went to St John's College, Cambridge, and then studied at St Thomas's Hospital Medical School.

Career
Harman stayed on at St Thomas's and became a consultant in 1938. He served in the RAMC during the Second World War. Later he edited St Thomas's Pharmacopoeia reference book.

In 1971, Harman took over the chairmanship of the British National Formulary and between 1975 and 1978 was instrumental in persuading the Department of Health and Social Security to make it the National Health Service's medicine handbook at a time when its existence was under threat.

Harman retired in 1972 and took on the presidency of the Medical Defence Union.

Adams trial
Doctor John Bodkin Adams was tried in 1957 for the murder of an 81-year-old patient, Edith Alice Morrell. Harman was called as the defence's main expert witness. He gave evidence that though the deceased was being prescribed high amounts of heroin and morphine by her general practitioner, it was entirely justified under the circumstances and that it would have done more harm to the patient if the treatment was discontinued. During cross-examination, however, it was established: that Harman had himself only ever worked as a general practitioner for a total of two weeks. He had only ever treated a handful of drug addicts – before the war. He had never seen 'spasms' caused by drug addiction, despite acting them out for the court in detail – he had only ever read about them. And furthermore, despite being a witness for the defence, he claimed he had at no time talked to Adams about his treatment of the patient.

Adams was acquitted, and a second count of the murder of another patient, Gertrude Hullett, was controversially withdrawn. The prosecutor Attorney-General, Sir Reginald Manningham-Buller, entered a nolle prosequi which the presiding judge, Patrick Devlin, later termed "an abuse of process".

Adams was subsequently successfully prosecuted on 13 lesser charges of prescription fraud, lying on cremation forms, obstructing a police search and failing to keep a dangerous drugs register. He was removed from the Medical Register in 1957 and reinstated in 1961. Home Office pathologist Francis Camps, however, suspected Adams of causing the deaths of 163 patients in total.

Death
Harman died from a dissecting aortic aneurysm, while driving his car to St Thomas's in 1994, aged 87.

Family
His sister, Elizabeth (wife of Lord Longford), introduced him to a barrister, Anna Spicer. They married in 1946 and had four daughters - Sarah, Harriet, Virginia - who all became solicitors. Harriet became Deputy Leader of the Labour Party and served in the Cabinet under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown and is Mother of the House of Commons.

References

External links
Royal College of Physicians article
BMJ report of Harman's evidence in the Adams trial

1907 births
1994 deaths
Deaths from aortic dissection
People from Westminster
20th-century English medical doctors
People educated at Oundle School
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Royal Army Medical Corps officers
British Army personnel of World War II
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
English Unitarians
Harriet Harman


Madeleine Giteau (Nantes, 1918 – February 2005) was a French historian and member of the Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, who devoted a great part of her life to research involving Laotian and Cambodian art, especially Khmer sculpture and iconography.

She was the last French curator of Cambodia's National Museum (known as the Albert Sarraut Museum) in Phnom Penh from 1956 to 1966. In 1963, she oversaw the reorganization of the Wat Po Veal and the Battambang Provincial Museum.

She died at the age of 86 in February 2005.

Selected bibliography
 1956 - Histoire du Cambodge, Paris, Hattier.
 1960 - Guide du musée national [de Phnom Penh], 2 vol. (1. La sculpture ; 2. Pièces archéologiques et stèles), Phnom Penh.
 1965 - Les Khmers. Sculptures khmères, reflets de la civilisation d’Angkor, Fribourg, Office du Livre.
 1969 - Le bornage rituel des temples bouddhiques au Cambodge, Paris, EFEO (PEFEO, 68), 153 p., 29 pl.
 1974 - Histoire d’Angkor, Paris, PUF (Que sais-je ?, 1580), [réimpr. Paris, Kailash, 1996].
 1975 - Iconographie du Cambodge post-angkorien, Paris, EFEO (PEFEO, 100), 381 p., 88 pl.
 1976 - Angkor, un peuple, un art, Fribourg, Office du Livre.
 1994 - Regards sur Angkor, Paris, Éditions Chapitre Douze.
 1997 - (with Danielle Guéret), L’art khmer, reflet des civilisations d’Angkor, Paris, ASA & Somogy.
 2001 - Art et archéologie du Laos, Paris, Picard.

References

1918 births
2005 deaths
Historians of Southeast Asia
20th-century French historians
French women historians
20th-century French women
French women curators


Albepierre-Bredons (; ) is a commune in the département of Cantal and Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arapiroux.

Geography
Albepierre-Bredons is some 100 km south by south-west of Clermont-Ferrand and about 20 km north-west of Saint-Flour. It can be accessed by district road D39 coming south-west from Murat and continuing south-west by a circuitous route to Saint-Martin-sous-Vigouroux. District road D239 also starts from the town and heads north-east to join the D16 road north of Laveissenet.

History
The commune of Bredons was established in the 1790s by the merger of the former communes of Bredon and Albepierre. In 1836 part of its territory was detached to form the new commune Laveissière. The commune of Bredons was renamed Albepierre-Bredons in 1955.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Albepierre-Bredons

Population

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
A Fountain at Bredons (Middle Ages)
Château de Beccoire, a royal castle built by Saint Louis, now ruined. It served as a travelling headquarters of the Bailiwick of the Mountains.

Religious heritage

The commune has two religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
A Calvary in the public square in Bredons (15th century)
The Chapel of Bredons contains 6 Candlesticks (17th century) which are registered as historical objects.
The Priory contains a Statue: Saint John (16th century) which is registered as an historical object.
The Church of Albepierre contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
A Retable in the main Altar (18th century)
A Louis XV style Thurible (18th century)
A Reliquary Statue: Saint Timothy (17th century)
A Reliquary Statue: Saint Blaise (1699)
A Ciborium (18th century)
A Sunburst Monstrance (1890)
A Ciborium (18th century)
The Church of Saint Pierre of Bredons (11th century) The Church of Saint Pierre contains a very large number of items that are registered as historical objects, including a Group Sculpture: Virgin in majesty (13th century)

Notable people linked to the commune
André-François Voulon, poet, storyteller, essayist, born in 1946 in Murat
Alfred Jacomis, skier, champion of France in 1939, who also participated in the Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in Germany in 1936 and the World Championships in Chamonix in 1937
Eugene Martens, historian of the Second World War
Jean-Louis Philippart, physicist.
Jean Ajalbert, writer, member of the Académie Goncourt. Born in 1863 in Levallois-Perret, died in 1947 in Cahors, buried at Bredons

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links
Albepierre-Bredons on the old National Geographic Institute website
Albepierre and Bredoni on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Allanche (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Allanchois or Allanchoises

Geography
Allanche is located some 70 km south of Clermont-Ferrand and 20 km east by southeast of Massiac. It can be accessed by the D679 from Marcenat in the northwest to the village then south to Sainte-Anastasie. The D39 comes from Pradiers in the north through the village then south to Chalinargues. The D9 road branches off the D3 to the west of the commune and passes through the village continuing to the northeast. Apart from the village there are a number of hamlets. These are:
Chastre
Chavanon
Coudour
Feydit
Le Bac Bas
Le Bac Haut
Les Cites
Maillargues
Roche Haut
Romaniargues

The commune is largely farmland with patches of forest and the edge of a large forest in the east.

The Allanche river flows from the northwest through the village and continues southeast to feed the Alagnon river. Many tributaries feed the Allanche in the commune including the Ruisseau de Laneyrat, the Ruisseau de Coudoun, the Ruisseau de Chavanon, the Ruisseau de Vernois, and other unnamed streams.

Heraldry

Administration
List of Successive Mayors

Mayors from 1941

Population

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
The former Château de Mercoeur (15th century) is registered as an historical monument.
At Allanche station from May to September there is the Vélorail Cézallier for tourists.
In the south-west of the commune are the Pinatelle Allanche mountains.

Religious heritage
The commune has two religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Church of Saint-Julien-de-Chanet (12th century). The church contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
The main Altar and Retable (17th century)
A Statue: Virgin and child (15th century)
A Group Sculpture: Virgin of Pity (16th century)
A Painting: the Adoration of the Magi (16th century)
Bas-reliefs (16th century)
The Church of Saint John the Baptist (12th century). The church contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
A Sculpture: Ecce homo (15th century)
An Eagle Lectern (17th century)
A Bronze Bell (1671)
A set of Pews (16th century)
A Reliquary-Monstrance (15th century)
A Processional Cross (15th century)

Other religious sites of interest
The Presbytery contains a Reliquary (15th century) that is registered as an historical object.
The Church of Chanet contains a Processional Cross (15th century) which is registered as an historical object.

Church of Saint John the Baptist Picture Gallery

Notable people linked to the commune
Charles Ganilh (1758-1836), economist, was born in Allanche.

See also
Communes of the Cantal department
Cantons of the Cantal department
Arrondissements of the Cantal department

Bibliography
Our Auvergne ancestors, the Auvergne migration to Brittany, Serge Duigou, Éditions Ressac, Quimper, 2004. [On the Cézallier migratory movement to Brittany in the 18th and 19th centuries which included Allanche together with Albaret, Chabrier, Laymet, Mainhes, etc..]

References

External links
Allanche on the old National Geographic Institute website
Allanche on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Allanche on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Polk Robison (May 24, 1912 – June 27, 2008) was an American collegiate basketball and football coach and college athletics administrator who served as the head coach of the Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team from 1942 to 1946 and again from 1947 to 1961. He served as the university's athletic director from 1961 to 1969.

Student
As a student at Texas Tech, Robison tried out for the football team but did not make the cut. However, he did letter in basketball and tennis. After graduating in 1934, he helped coach football and tennis in the 1940s.

Head basketball coach
Robison coached the Red Raiders basketball teams to their first NCAA tournament appearances—in 1954, 1956, and 1961. His overall record at the school was 254–195.

Athletic director
After stepping down from his coaching position in 1961, Robison served as the athletic director at Texas Tech until 1969. He served two more years on the athletics staff before finally retiring in 1971.

To honor Robison's years of service, the Polk Robison Men's Basketball Hall of Honor was created in 2003. It is located on the north side of the main lobby of United Supermarkets Arena.

Death
Robison died of natural causes on Friday, June 27, 2008 at the age of 96.

Head coaching record

References

1912 births
2008 deaths
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
Basketball coaches from Tennessee
Basketball players from Tennessee
Texas Tech Red Raiders athletic directors
Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball coaches
Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball players
Texas Tech Red Raiders football coaches
Place of birth missing


Alleuze (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

Geography
Alleuze is located some 7 km due south of Saint-Flour on the edge of the Planèze plateau. Access to the commune is by a number of minor roads including the D48 from Lavastrie in the west changing to the D40 in the commune then passing north through a circuitous route in the heart of the commune to the village and continuing north-west to the hamlet of Barry before continuing north to Saint-Flour. There is also the D116 from the village to the north-west. The eastern and north-eastern borders of the commune consist of the lake formed by the Barrage of Grandval which was formed from the Truyère river. Apart from the village there are also the hamlets of Barry and Vedrines. Much of the commune is farmland but with considerable forests next to the lake and in the south.

Numerous streams rise in the commune and flow eastwards to the Barrage of Grandval Lake. These include the Ruisseau de Larcher, the Alleuze, the Ruisseau de la Bastide, the Ruissseau de la Barge, the Ruisseau de Labaisse, the Ruisseau de Mouguenoux, the Ruyisseau de Sartio, and the Ruisseau de Levert.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Population

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
The Remains of a fortified Chateau (1411) are registered as an historical monument. It overlooks the gorges of the Truyère river.

Other sites of interest
Filming locations for the films L'Extraterrestre by Didier Bourdon and La Grande Vadrouille (The Great Stroll).

Religious heritage

The commune has two religious sites that are registered as historical monuments:
A Wayside Cross (15th century)
The Church of Saint Illide (12th century)

See also
Lac de Grandval

References

External links
Alleuze on the old National Geographic Institute website
Alleuze on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Allenze on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Ally (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Allyçois or Allyçoises

Geography
Ally is located some 60 km south-west of Clermont-Ferrand and some 65 km south-east of Limoges in a straight line.  It is at least 30 km from the nearest national highway and access is by district roads the most direct being the D680 which runs north-east from Pleaux and enters the western border of the commune. It goes directly to the town then turns to exit the commune south-east to join with the road D922. The D681 also comes south from Mauriac to the village and the D29 comes from Drugeac in the west by a circuitous route to the village. The commune is mostly farmland although with some mountain slopes and forests in the north.

The river Auze flows north forming the eastern and then the northern border of the commune before flowing into the Dordogne south-west of Chalvignac. A number of streams feed this river from the commune including the Ruisseau de Peschaytou, Ruisseau de Terrieu, and Le Sione which forms part of the south-eastern border.

There are quite a number of hamlets and villages in the commune. These are:

Champell
Chavergne
Crucholles
Drignac
Fraissy
Ginalhac
Labro
Langlade
Le Breuil
Les Martres
Le Peuch
Le Pouget
Le Puy Soutro
Maissac
Monteil
Nebouillieres
Pommier
Tarneu
Veze

Neighbouring communes and villages

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Ally

Population

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Chateau de la Vigne (15th century). The Chateau contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
A Mural: Diane bathing (17th century)
A Mural: Atalante and Méléagre (17th century)
The Chateau de la Vigne Park
The Maison Blanche Windmill (1882)
The Pargeat Windmill (1817)

Religious heritage
The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Church of Saint-Ferréol (12th century) was attended by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The church contains a Container for relics: the Martyr Saint Vincent
The Church of Saint-Thibaud (11th century)

Notable People linked to the commune
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

See also
 Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links
 Ally on the old National Geographic Institute website
Ally on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Ally on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Andelat (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

Geography
Andelat is located some 4 km north-west of Saint-Flour. It can be accessed by the D679 road which passes through the east of the commune going north from Saint-Flour to Talizat. The D40 road also goes north-west from Saint-Flour passing just south of the village and continuing north-west through the commune to Coltines. The D404 road also comes south from Talizat to intersect the D40 road in the commune then continues south to Roffiac. Andelat village can only be reached by small country roads from the D40 and the D679. There are a number of other villages and hamlets in the commune. These are: Barret, Pagros, Sebeuge, and Le Sailhant. Apart from a number of small forests (the Bois du Sailhant, Bois de Ferval, Les Bessieres) and some scattered areas of trees the commune is entirely farmland.

A railway line passes through the commune from Saint-Flour in the south east and continuing to the north.

The river Ander flows through the commune from west to east just south of the village and continues south-west to join the Truyère near Anglards-de-Saint-Flour. The Ruisseau de la Souche rises in the north of the commune and flows south-west to join Le Babory which flows from the north of the commune. The Ruisseau de Ferval also joins Le Babory further downstream. Le Babory continues south to join the Ander in the commune.

Neighbouring communes and villages

History
Andelat was chosen by King John to be, since 1360, the seat of the Bailiwick of the Auvergne Mountains. He knew the name of the particular jurisdictions and made it subordinate to the Seneschal of Riom. The magistrates found that the village was unworthy of their offices and made it a traveling seat holding hearings in rented rooms at Chaudes-Aigues and Roffiac, and sometimes at the royal castle at Bredon, now in ruins, in the current commune of Albepierre-Bredons. The seat was transferred by François I in 1491 to Murat without reuniting it with its bailiwick and retained its name of Bailiwick of Andelat.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Population

Sites and monuments
The waterfall and Sailhant Castle
The Saint Cirgue Church from the 12th, 13th, and 15th centuries

See also
Communes of the Cantal department
Community of Communes of the Planèze website

References

Communes of Cantal


Anglards-de-Salers (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Anglardois or Anglardoises

Geography
Anglards-de-Salers is located some 60 km west by north-west of Saint-Flour and 15 km south of Ydes. It can be accessed by the D122 road from Mauriac in the west to the village. There is also the minor D22 road from Méallet in the north to the village which continues as a more major road to Salers in the south-east. The D222 road also comes to the village from Salins in the west. The D12 road from Veyrieres in the north also passes inside the north-eastern border of the commune and continues to Le Falgoux to the south-east of the commune. The D212 roads goes west from the D12 to the village. There are a number of small hamlets in the commune. These are:

Les Aldieres
Bagnac
Baliergues
La Bastide
Bouisse
Le Breuil
Le Caire
Le Chambon
Chapsieres
Epinasolles
Fignac
Fournols
Haut Bagnac
Joncoux
Longvergne
Maleprade
Montclard
Noux
Nuzerolles
Le Peil
Pepanie
Pons
Pradelles
Sarrette
Le Viaureau
Voleyrac

Other than a belt of forest along the north of the commune, the commune is entirely farmland.

The Mars stream flows through the north of the commune from the east joined by the Ruisseau de Veysset in the north of the commune then continuing north to join the Sumene at Vendes. There is also the Auze stream flowing through the heart of the commune towards the west where it joins the Sione east of Escorailles. The Monzola also flows west in the south joining the Auze just west of the commune. Several other unnamed streams flow into these streams.

History

List of Priests for Anglards-de-Salers

List of Priests

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Population

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Espradel Garden (19th century)
The Chateau de Longevergne (1905)
The Château de la Trémolière (15th century) The chateau houses a collection of Aubusson tapestries from the 16th century called the "bestiaire fantastique" (fantastic bestiary). The Chateau contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
4 sets of Wood Panelling
11 Tapestries (16th century)
The Montbrun Garden

Other sites of interest
The Deduit Orchard is a creation by landscapers Ossart and Maurières: a contemporary medieval garden inspired by the Roman de la rose and the bestiaire fantastique collection.
Walking trails in the mountain pastures with a plan table
Robert Besogne Stadium is a football stadium hosting the EAS (Entente Anglards Salers)

Religious heritage
The Church of Saint-Thyrse (12th century) is registered as an historical monument. The Church contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
The face of the Altar: Descent from the Cross (16th century)
A Group Sculpture: Virgin of Pity (17th century)

Notable people linked to the commune
Paul Malassagne, Senator for Cantal, was born at Nuzerolles

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links
Anglards-de-Salers on the National Geographic Institute website
Anglards-de-Salers on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Anglars on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Anterrieux (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of southern central France.

Geography
Anterrieux is located some 30 km south by south-west of Saint-Flour and 20 km west by north-west of Saint-Chely-d'Apcher. Access to the commune is by road D989 from Saint-Chely-d'Apcher in the east passing through the commune and continuing west to Chaudes-Aigues. Access to the village is by small communal roads from various points on the D989. In addition to the village there is also the hamlet of Oyex in the south. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with an especially large forest (the Bois d'Oyex) in the far south of the commune.

The Bes river forms the south-eastern border of the commune as it flows north to join La Truyere river in the Lac de Grandval. The Maleval river rises in the commune and flows north past the village. It is joined by several tributaries in the commune.

Neighbouring communes and villages

History
The region was the scene of fighting in June 1944 between the Maquis and Nazi troops. The Nazis were successful in overrunning the Maquis in their Truyère Redoubt where they were attacked on 20 June 1944. The battle was fierce and the village of Anterrieux was destroyed by fire after having been held for ten hours by the 3,000 resistance fighters of the 7th Company under the command of Henri Fournier who were forced to disperse because of the German firepower supported by their air force. More than a hundred maquisards were killed as well as about fifteen German soldiers and a dozen civilians. The Resistance Museum of Anterrieux provides the public with memories of that time.

See: John Hind Farmer

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links
Anterrieux on the National Geographic Institute website
Anterrieux on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Anterrieux on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Antignac (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Antignacois or Antignacoises

Geography
Antignac lies in the valley of the Sumène some 80 km south-west of Clermont-Ferrand and 10 km north-west of Riom-ès-Montagnes in the Canton of Saignes. Access to the commune is by road D3 from Riom-ès-Montagnes in the south-east continuing west to join the D922.

Antignac is the main village in the commune which includes 25 other hamlets and localities:

Le Beix
Bellot
La Bouboulie
La Broconie
Les Buges Blanches
La Cavarache
Le Cellier
Le Chambon
Le Châtelet
La Croix de Soleilhadoux
Drulh
Fouillade
Fourgoux
La Ganette
Lugue
Masternat
Saleix
Salsignac
Sauronnet
La Seppe
Tampagniergues
Urlande
La Valette
Vignon
Vignonnet

The river Rhue forms all of the commune's northern border.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Administration
List of Successive Mayors

Population

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
The commune has many buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
Farmhouses (18th-19th century) The Farmhouse at La Broconie contains Furniture which is registered as historical objects.

Houses (16th-20th century)

Houses and Farms (16th-20th century)
A Farmhouse and Mill at le Soulou (19th century)
The Grange du Pré de L'Oiseau Stables (19th century)
The Wolf Trapping Pits at Urlande bas (19th century)
The former School (1882) The School contains several religious items that are registered as historical objects.
The Salsignac Railway Viaduct (20th century) on the stretch from Bort-les-Organs to Riom-ès-Montagnes  on the Paris-Béziers railway line was commissioned on 2 December 1907 and closed in 1991. The viaduct is 190m long with 14 arches and is 24m high.
The Barn-Stables at Le Beix (1878)

The Town Hall contains a War Memorial (1924) that is registered as an historical object.

Other sites of interest
The Chateau of Longuevergne

Religious heritage
The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Church of Saint-Étienne and Saint-Ferréol de Salsignac (12th century). Also called the Chapel Notre-Dame-du-Bon-Secours de Salsignac, this small Romanesque church was built in the 12th century and rebuilt in the Gothic style between 1469 and 1496. The bell located in a tiny bell tower dates from 1657. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
The Furniture in the Church
A Processional Banner (20th century)
A Statue: Saint Louis (19th century)
A Statue: Saint Ferréol of Vienne (19th century)
A Statue: Virgin and child (19th century)
A Stoup (16th century)
A Tabernacle (17th century)
A Monumental Painting (19th century)
The Parish church of Saint-Victor and Saint-Pierre-ès-Liens (12th century). The apse and the choir are the only parts dating from the 12th century, the nave and the chapels were rebuilt or upgraded in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
The Furniture in the Chapel
A Chalice (18th century)
An Alb (20th century)
2 Processional Banners (20th century)
The Saint-Pierre Bell (1472)
A Stoup (1753)
2 Statues: Saints Peter and Paul (18th century)
2 Statues: Adoring Angels (18th century)
Retables and Altar Paintings (18th century)
2 Altar Paintings (19th century)
A Painting: Saint Peter delivered by an Angel (18th century)
A Monumental Painting (18th century)
A Statue: Saint Paul (17th century)
A Statue: Saint Peter (17th century)
The Chapel of Notre-Dame du Roc-Vignonnet (ruins) (12th century). Begun in the early 12th century and completed in the 13th and 14th centuries, the chapel was finally abandoned in the 19th century. The Chapel contains some items that are registered as historical objects:
14 Capitals and 13 Bases (11th century)
33 Corbels (11th century)
Monumental Crosses (19th-20th century)
The Presbytery contains a Wardrobe (1807) that is registered as an historical object.

Environmental heritage
Two sites are registered as historical monuments:
The Clairière médiévale des Roussilloux Park (Middle Ages)
The Jardin Ethnobotanique Botanic Garden (20th century)

Antignac Picture Gallery

Notable people linked to the commune
Jean Dutourd (born 14 January 1920 in Paris, where he died 17 January 2011), journalist and writer of the French Academy, author of the novel Au Bon Beurre, grandson of the House of Laurichesse at the Auberge de la Sumène d'Antignac. Became famous for his participation in the radio program Les grosses têtes (The big heads) presented by Philippe Bouvard.
Jacques Jouve, born 10 March 1932 at Antignac. Communist MP for Haute-Vienne from 19 March 1978 to 22 May 1981.
François-Paul Raynal (1902-1964), journalist at L'Auvergnat de Paris and writer, remained very attached to his roots and family home at Salsignac which he mentions in several of his novels and stories (Au fil de la Sumène, Les Artisans du village, Marie des Solitudes, etc.).
François Aubert, mason, who decorated his house in a naive style (close to the ideal palace of Ferdinand Cheval) and created a mineralogical museum.

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links
 Antignac on the National Geographic Institute website
Antignac on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Antignac on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Apchon () is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Apchonnais or Apchonnaises.

Geography
Apchon is located some 80 km south-west of Clermont-Ferrand, 25 km north-west of Murat, and 30 km south-east of Bort-les-Orgues. Access is by the D3 road from Riom-ès-Montagnes in the north-west passing through the north of the commune to Murat in the south-east. Access to the village is by the D49 which branches off the D3 north-east of the commune and passes through the village then south to Saint-Hippolyte. There is also the D249 from the village south-west to join the D263 south of Collandres. Apart from the village there are also the hamlets of La Ribeyre and La Vidal along the D3, and Brechailles on the north-east. Apart from some patches of forest in the north the commune is entirely farmland.

The Petite Rhue river flows from south to north through the commune and continues to join the Grande Rhue river at Coindre. The Ruisseau de Brechailles flows from the south-east to join the Petite Rhue north of the D3. The Ruisseau de Mazeyres rises in the south of the commune and flows into the Petite Rhue on the left bank. Several small streams rise in the west of the commune and flow north-west eventually joining and flowing into the Veronne.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Heraldry

Administration

List of successive mayors

Population

Sites and monuments
The Château fort d'Apchon (12th century) is registered as an historical monument.

The Church contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
An Altar, Retable, and Statue (17th century)
An Altar, Retable, 2 Statues, and a Bust-Reliquary (17th century)
An Altar, Retable, and 2 Group Sculptures (17th century)
A Statue: Virgin and child (15th century)
A Retable in the main Altar (18th century)
2 Sarcophagii (11th century)

Views of Apchon

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links
Apchon on the National Geographic Institute website
Apchon on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
Apchon on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal


Arches (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Geography
The Sumène forms the commune's northeastern border, then flows into the Dordogne, which forms the commune's northern and western border.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Tyke Peacock (born February 24, 1961) is a retired high jumper from the United States, who is best known for winning the silver medal in the men's high jump event at the inaugural 1983 World Championships. He set his personal best of 2.33 metres in the same event on 1983-08-17 at a meet in Berlin.

He also won the 1981 IAAF World Cup.

References

 Sports Illustrated

1961 births
Living people
American male high jumpers
Place of birth missing (living people)
World Athletics Championships medalists


O3 is the fourth album by Son of Dave and was released on 7 April 2008. It includes a cover of "Low Rider" by War and a reworking of Muddy Waters' "I Just Wanna Make Love to You" as "I Just Wanna Get High with You".

Track listing

Singles
"Old Times Were Good Times" with the B-side "So Good, So Wrong" released in March 2008.

References

External links
Review by Charlie Gillett in The Observer
Review by Steve Hands at musicOMH

2008 albums
Son of Dave albums


Hedda Berntsen (born 24 April 1976) is a Norwegian sportsperson who has competed internationally in telemark skiing, alpine skiing, freestyle skiing and skicross. She is world champion in Telemark classic from 1997. She later concentrated on the alpine slalom, her career peaking in the 2000–01 season with consistent performances in the World Cup as well as a bronze medal at the 2001 World Championships. She later switched to skicross, receiving a silver medal at the 2008 Winter X Games.  In the Vancouver Winter Olympics on 23 February 2010 she won the silver medal in the women's skicross competition.

Background
Hedda Berntsen hails from Filtvet, and is the older sister of freestyle skier Ingrid Berntsen. She studied at Middlebury College from 1995 to 1999. Her first international sporting triumph was the gold medal in the classic telemark event at the 1997 World Championships.

Career

Alpine skiing
In alpine skiing she had made her international debut in December 1995, when competing in a FIS Race in Bjorli. Her World Cup debut came many years later, in February 2000, when she finished 23rd in slalom in Santa Caterina. She followed up with an eleventh place in Åre a week later. She then opened the 2000–01 season with another 11th place, from Park City in November. In December and January she finished among the top 10 in all her World Cup slalom races, the best result being a fifth place from Flachau. Then, at the 2001 World Championships staged in St. Anton, she won a surprising bronze medal. She rounded off the season with two World Cup fifth places.

Berntsen opened the 2001–02 season with a fifth place at Copper Mountain. However, this remained her season's best result as she did not finish half her races, and recorded only an 11th place in Åre in February. Two weeks later she competed in slalom at the 2002 Winter Olympics, but again did not finish the race. However, with both Hedda and Ingrid competing at the same Olympic Games, but in different sports, the sisters were historic in a Norwegian context. Hedda Berntsen then competed in a lot more races the 2002–03 season, but not only in the World Cup circuit. Her season's best was a 12th place in January in Maribor. Then, she achieved mediocre results at the 2003 World Championships staged in St. Moritz, an 18th place in combined being the best placement.

In November 2003, she was dropped from the national alpine skiing team in favor of Lene Løseth. This prompted Berntsen to announce her retirement the next month. She competed sporadically in the World Cup between December 2003 and January 2007, but only actually managed to finish one of 13 races, with a 37th place in January 2006 in St. Moritz.

Freestyle skiing
Berntsen eventually took up freestyle skiing, specializing in the skicross. She made her World Cup debut in February 2007, finishing ninth in Les Contamines. The next month she finished 10th at the World Championships in Madonna di Campiglio. In the 2007–08 season she opened with a second place in Les Contamines in January. She recorded two additional second places before the end of the season. She also won the silver medal at the Winter X Games XII. In the 2008–09 season she opened with a fifth place in St. Johann in January, and followed up with her first World Cup victory in Les Contamines.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Norwegian telemark skiers
Norwegian female alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Norway
Alpine skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Olympic freestyle skiers for Norway
Norwegian female freestyle skiers
Freestyle skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
X Games athletes
People from Buskerud
Olympic silver medalists for Norway
Olympic medalists in freestyle skiing
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Middlebury College alumni
Sportspeople from Viken (county)
21st-century Norwegian women
21st-century Norwegian people


Arnac (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Geography
The Maronne river and the Enchanet reservoir form the commune's northern border.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Arpajon-sur-Cère (, literally Arpajon on Cère;  or just ) is a commune in the Cantal department in the Auvergne region of south-central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arpajonnais or Arpajonnaises

Geography
Arpajon-sur-Cère is located immediately to the south of Aurillac some 70 km south-east of Brive-la-Gaillarde. The town is an extension of the urban area of Aurillac. Access to the commune is by the D920 from Aurillac which continues south to Lafeuillade-en-Vézie. The D990 also goes from south of the town to Vézac in the east. The D58 comes from Giou-de-Mamou in the north-east then goes south-west from the town to the Château de Conros and joins the D617 at the south-western border of the commune. Much of the runway of Aurillac – Tronquières Airport is in the commune. A railway passes through the north of the commune but the nearest station is in Aurillac. Apart from the town there are the villages and hamlets of:

Carbonnat
Esmoles
Le Pont
Roquetorte
Douarat
Le Bousquet
Crespiat
Le Cambon
Le Sal
Les Granges
Lapeyrusse
Carsac
Combelles
Senilhes
Les Quatre Routes
Toules

Outside the residential areas there are extensive forests in the south and south-west with the rest of the commune farmland.

The Jordanne river flows from Aurillac to join the Cère just south-west of the town with the Cère continuing west to eventually join the Dordogne at Girac.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy
The name Arpjon originates from the Gallic word Arpaionem which is composed of the word arepo meaning "plough". It was attested in 923 in the form: vicaria arpajonensis. In Carladézien dialect, Arpajon is pronounced Olpotsou, according to a recording there in 2007.

History

The Dejou Féniès & son and Lartigue companies were established in the commune in the 20th century manufacturing wood especially Jouets Dejou (Dejou Toys) which are highly sought after by Doll collectors.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Twinning
Arpajon-sur-Cère has twinning associations with:
 Blyth (United Kingdom) since 1990.
 Bougouni (Mali).

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 6,217 inhabitants.

Sites and Monuments

The commune has several sites and buildings that are registered as historical monuments:
The Birthplace of Général Milhaud at 1 Avenue du Général-Milhaud (1753)
The old Pont-de-Mamou Mill on Rue Jean-Jaurès (1772)
The Château de Conros (15th century)
The Château de Conros Park
The Château de Carbonat Park
The Château de Limagne Garden

Other sites of interest
Barrière hamlet where Louis Laparra de Fieux was born.
The Cabrières bridge, a hamlet and a bridge which once had a toll.
The Chateau de Ganhac currently a mansion house, a former fief awarded in 1676 to Charles de Broquin who was married to Jeanne de Cambefort.
The Château de Montal, a former fief whose family was originally the Lords of Laroquebrou and Conros, with a castrale chapel under the invocation of Saint Michael. It then became the property of the La Roque-Montal family.
The Chateau de La Prade, purchased in 1756 by Marie-Françoise de Broglie, the widow of Charles Robert de Lignerac who did considerable work on the building. Ruined in the French Revolution.
The Arboretum d'Arpajon-sur-Cère
The Parish Church contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
2 Bronze Bells (1781)
A Painting: The Placing in the Tomb (16th century)
A framed Painting: The Baptism of Christ (17th century)
A Sarcophagus (Middle Ages)

The Chateau de Carbonat Picture Gallery

Notable people linked to the commune
 Jacques de Milly, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
 Louis Laparra de Fieux (Arpajon 1651-1706), engineer of fortifications and strategist.
 Édouard Jean Baptiste Milhaud (Arpajon 1766 - Aurillac 1833), member of the National Convention, General, Count of the Empire.
 Eugene d'Humières, man of letters, translator of Kipling.
 Louis Dauzier, politician and mayor of Aurillac under the French Third Republic.
 Antoine Dusserre (Carbonnat 1865-1925), novelist.
 Léo Pons, filmmaker.

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

External links

Discovery of an early Christian sarcophagus and medieval sepulchres in sarcophagi at Arpajon-sur-Cère
Arpajon-sur-Cère on the National Geographic Institute website
Arpajon on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Cantal