Thomas Sylvester Barthel (4 January 1923 – 3 April 1997) was a German ethnologist and epigrapher who is best known for cataloguing the undeciphered rongorongo script of Easter Island.

Life and career
Barthel grew up in Berlin and graduated from secondary school in 1940. During the Second World War, he worked as a cryptographer for the Wehrmacht. After the war he studied folklore, geography, and prehistory in Berlin, Hamburg, and Leipzig. He received his doctorate in Hamburg in 1952 with a thesis on Mayan writing.  From 1953 to 1956 he was a Fellow of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, in 1957 a lecturer in Hamburg, and from 4 July 1957 to 1 February 1958 he was a guest researcher with the Institute for Easter Island Studies at the University of Chile.

In order to document rongorongo, Barthel visited most of the museums which housed the tablets, of which he made pencil rubbings. With this data he compiled the first corpus of the script, which he published as Grundlagen zur Entzifferung der Osterinselschrift in 1958. He was the first scholar to correctly identify anything in the texts: He showed that two lines in the Mamari tablet encode calendrical information.

In 1959 Barthel became Associate Professor of Ethnology at the University of Tübingen, and from 1964 to 1988 he was Professor of Ethnology. His primary research was in the folklore of the Americas. He bequeathed his rongorongo data to the CEIPP (Centre d'Études de l'Îles de Pâques et de la Polynésie), which is engaged in verifying and expanding on his work.

Barthel was also active in the mid-twentieth century attempts to decipher the Maya script, the 'hieroglyphic' writing system of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization in Mesoamerica. He was one of the first to analyse emblem glyphs in detail and in terms of their political and hierarchical associations. His proposed identification of four major or prime emblem glyphs was later expanded upon by Joyce Marcus, and the Barthel-Marcus quadripartite partitioning of Classic era Maya sites into four regional capitals and an associated  hierarchy of four levels of site importance, became an influential concept in Mayanist research.

Along with J. Eric S. Thompson, Barthel was a strong critic of the "phonetic approach" to Maya decipherment, and held the view that the Maya script lacked phoneticism and did not constitute a "true" writing system. In particular, Barthel stood solidly against the phonetic decipherment methodology put forward in the early 1950s by the Russian epigrapher Yuri Knorozov, who like Barthel had also worked on both the Maya and rongorongo scripts. At a 1956 meeting of the International Congress of Americanists in Copenhagen attended by Knorozov, Barthel's criticism of the phonetic approach contributed to the continuing dismissal of Knorozov's ideas —ideas that would later be proved essentially correct when the phonetic approach championed by Knorozov provided the breakthrough in Maya decipherment from the 1970s onwards. Barthel and Knorozov would remain at-odds for the remainder of their respective careers.

Personal life
Barthel was married three times and had four children.

Published works
 1958a. Grundlagen zur Entzifferung der Osterinselschrift. Hamburg : Cram, de Gruyter.
 1958b. "The 'Talking Boards' of Easter Island." Scientific American, 198:61-68
 1971. Pre-contact Writing in Oceania. In: Current Trends in Linguistics 8:1165-1186. Den Haag, Paris: Mouton.
 1978. The Eighth Land: The Polynesian Discovery & Settlement of Easter Island. Honolulu: the University Press of Hawaii.
 1990. "Wege durch die Nacht (Rongorongo-Studien auf dem Santiagostab)", in Esen-Baur, Heide-Margaret (ed.), State and Perspectives of Scientific Research in Easter Island Culture. Courier Forschungsinstitute Senckeberg 125. Frankfurt am Mein: Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, 73–112.

Notes

References

1923 births
1997 deaths
German ethnologists
German cryptographers
Rongorongo
Easter Island people
Mayanists
German Mesoamericanists
Mesoamerican epigraphers
20th-century Mesoamericanists
People from Berlin


Sycamore Township is a township in Butler County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 333.

History
Sycamore Township was organized in 1871. It was named for a large sycamore tree which has long since blown over.

Geography
Sycamore Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Cassoday.  According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Cassoday.  The stream of School Branch runs through this township.

Further reading

References

External links
 Butler County Website
 City-Data.com
 Butler County Maps: Current, 1936

Townships in Butler County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Towanda Township is a township in Butler County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 2,727.

History
Towanda Township was established in 1867. Towanda is an Osage-language name meaning "many waters".

Geography
Towanda Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Towanda.  According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Sutton.

The streams of Badger Creek, Spring Branch and West Branch Whitewater River run through this township.

Transportation
Towanda Township contains one airport or landing strip, Greer Miller Landing Strip.

Further reading

References

 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 City-Data.com

Townships in Butler County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Union Township is a township in Butler County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 226.

Union Township was organized in 1879.

Geography
Union Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Latham.  According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Latham.

Further reading

References

 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 City-Data.com

Townships in Butler County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Walnut Township is a township in Butler County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 760.

Walnut Township was organized in 1867.

Geography
Walnut Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Fairview, Golden and Little Walnut.

The stream of Fourmile Creek runs through this township.

Further reading

References

 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 City-Data.com

Townships in Butler County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Chamaedorea elegans, the neanthe bella palm or parlour palm, is a species of small palm tree native to the rainforests in Southern Mexico and Guatemala. The parlor palm is one of the most extensively sold houseplant palms in the world. It is one of several species with leaves that are harvested as xate.

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Description
A woody, rhizomatous plant with a slender green trunk, it is found in tropical areas and grows to  tall (rarely to . It has -long ringed stigma, punctured crescent-shaped leaves, erect buds, and flexible tubular stems without spines with generally pinnate foliage. The crown carries 3-10 long-leaf pinnate leaves (more when mature). A remarkable feature of this species is the early age of the onset of flowering, with some plants blooming with a height of only .

The small, light yellow, yellow, or orange-red odorous flowers appear on irregularly branched petioles that grow below or among the leaf. They emerge from the trunk as lateral buds and open in the form of clusters of small balls without petals. These have a certain resemblance to those of the mimosa. Occasionally, pea-sized berries develop after flowering, which are 6mm in diameter, and dark, collected in paniculate inflorescences.

Cultivation
It is often cultivated in temperate regions as a houseplant and in gardens in Southeastern United States, where it grows to  tall with very slow growth. It is most-often planted and sold in batches of 5-30 seedlings. Over time, a few emergent plants begin to dominate as the weaker/smaller seedlings are crowded out for light and eventually die, leaving within a few years of purchase a few survivors which develop stems and can live for many decades in a pot. It tolerates low levels of humidity and light, though it prefers medium to high humidity and bright indirect light. Chamaedorea elegans is intolerant of frost and must be kept indoors in winter in non-tropical climates.

It enjoys light potting soil, good humidity and moderate lighting without direct sunlight, but it accommodates a certain dryness, high humidity or reduced lighting. In winter, it is preferable that the temperature of the room it's housed in does not exceed . The plant was successful in the Victorian era because it survived in the dark and often unheated British homes of the time, and in greenhouses which were used to grow and cultivate exotic plants, a practice fashionable at the time.

Propagation is done only by sowing.

In its natural rain-forest floor setting, the parlor palm often grows in competition with vines. It sometimes is seen growing along rock walls, which can provide support. Due to the thinness of the stem, in nature the palm sometimes falls over during storms if grown in the open. The rhizomatic roots can re-root from a fallen position in mature plants, if it has grown adventitious roots.

In a potted environment, pruning can be done with mature plants from the bottom only (cutting the top off is fatal) and only if adventitious roots are available. As the stem grows additional roots, the bottom of the stem can be severed and the plant re-rooted from the roots higher up the stem.

Varieties
There are believed to be at least two naturally-occurring sub-species of Chamedorea elegans: one has a thinner stem and tends to grow at lower elevations, while the highland variety tends to have a thicker stem. There are also a few cultivars with distinguishing characteristics, such as a 'dark-leaved' cultivar. These are rare and the vast majority sold in stores are the standard bright green.

Distribution
In the wild, it is found in Belize, Gulf of Mexico, and Mexico in the states of Chiapas, Campeche, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco, Veracruz and Yucatan.

In Guatemala, it is found in Huehuetenango, Alta Verapaz, and Petén Department.

Gallery

References

elegans
Flora of Mexico
Flora of Guatemala
House plants
Garden plants of North America
Plants described in 1830
Low light plants


Murray Sabrin (born December 21, 1946) is a professor of finance in the Anisfield School of Business at Ramapo College and a perennial candidate for public office in New Jersey.

Family, education, and affiliations
Sabrin was born in Bad Wörishofen, Germany on December 21, 1946. His parents, being of Jewish ancestry, were among the only people in his family to survive the Holocaust. Sabrin has said "during World War Two, my father, a Jewish resistance fighter in Lithuania, fought for his freedom and his life with a gun. I'm alive today because of him." Sabrin arrived in the U.S. with his older brother and parents in August 1949 and became a United States citizen in 1959.

He lived with his wife, Florence, in Fort Lee, New Jersey.
He moved to Florida in 2021.

Sabrin has a Ph.D. in geography from Rutgers University, an M.A. in social studies education from Lehman College and a B.A. in history, geography and social studies education from Hunter College. He has worked in commercial real estate sales and marketing, personal portfolio management, and economic research.

Sabrin is the former executive director of the Center for Business and Public Policy at Ramapo College, and is the author of Tax Free 2000: The Rebirth of American Liberty.

Policy advocacy and opinion writing
Sabrin's articles have appeared in The Record (Hackensack, New Jersey), The Star Ledger, Trenton Times, and Asbury Park Press. His essays have also appeared in Commerce Magazine, Mid-Atlantic Journal of Business, Privatization Review, and LewRockwell.com. Sabrin is a contributing columnist for NJBIZ and writes a column on the economy for START-IT magazine. He is a regular columnist for NJVoices and USADaily.

He is writing a book on politics, the economy and culture titled Velvet Fascism: How the Political Elites Transformed America.

Political career
Sabrin was the 1997 Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidate in New Jersey, and the first third party candidate to receive matching funds and participate in three official debates. He garnered 5% of the vote in the election, and the race went to Christine Todd Whitman. In 2008 Sabrin ran as a candidate for the Republican Party nomination for the United States Senate representing New Jersey, where he faced Republican state Senator Joseph Pennacchio and former Republican Congressman Dick Zimmer. Promoting limited government and noninterventionism, he received endorsements from the Republican Liberty Caucus and U.S. Presidential candidate Ron Paul. He garnered 14% of the vote, behind Zimmer (46%) and Pennacchio (40%). He sought the Republican nomination to the same seat in 2014, but lost to Jeff Bell.

In January 2018, he announced his intention to run for the U.S. Senate again, this time under the New Jersey Libertarian Party.

Political positions

Abortion
Sabrin is anti-abortion. During the 2014 election, he wrote a letter criticizing Senate candidate Brian Goldberg on his pro-choice position.

Foreign policy
Sabrin is an outspoken supporter of a non-interventionist foreign policy.

Bibliography

References

External links
 New Jersey-based regional website
 Murray Sabrin archives at LewRockwell.com

1946 births
Living people
20th-century American economists
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American economists
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American columnists
American male non-fiction writers
American people of German-Jewish descent
American political writers
Candidates in the 2018 United States Senate elections
Economists from New Jersey
Jewish American writers
Libertarian economists
Lehman College alumni
New Jersey Libertarians
New Jersey Republicans
Non-interventionism
People from Fort Lee, New Jersey
Ramapo College faculty
Rutgers University alumni
Writers from New Jersey
21st-century American Jews
Candidates in the 1997 United States elections
Candidates in the 2014 United States elections
Candidates in the 2008 United States elections


Alonso de Góngora Marmolejo (1523–1575) was a Spanish conquistador and chronicler of the early conquest and settlement of the Captaincy General of Chile, and the start of the Arauco War.

Biography
Marmolejo was born in the town of Carmona, Andalucía, in 1523. He was the son of the regidor of the town, Juan Jiménez de Góngora Marmolejo and of Teresa Núñez de Tanfarva. In April 1551 he came as a soldier to Santiago, Chile and shortly after was transferred to Concepción to join the expedition that Pedro de Valdivia had prepared to continue his southern conquests. He attended the foundation of Valdivia, where he lived and was regidor in 1555.

In 1557 he was transferred from Valdivia by sea to serve Don García Hurtado de Mendoza who had just arrived as new Governor and was on Quiriquina Island.  Góngora participated in the campaign there and later was part of the garrison of the fort of Tucapel and helped frustrate Caupolicán's attack on the fort that resulted in his being captured and executed.  Don Garcia made him an encomendero of Cañete and there he was also regidor in 1558 and 1559.

He was in Santiago, in June 1561, when Francisco de Villagra took provisional control of the government and it is probable that he accompanied Villagra in his southern campaigns.  Prevailed on by Pedro de Villagra, he returned to Valdivia where he carried out the position of Royal official.  In 1571 he was corregidor of Villarrica.  In 1575 Rodrigo de Quiroga named him judge investigator of the indigenous wizards, but by the end of that year he had died.

Góngora Marmolejo was the author of History of All the Things that Have happened in the Kingdom of Chile and of those who had governed it () which roughly covers the period between the first Spanish incursions into the territory of Chile and the time of his own death (1536–1575). Góngora Marmolejo was many times an eyewitness of the events he chronicles or wrote about them based on the reports of others who had been present at the events from that time. His history tried to maintain an even-handed vision and has been considered by historians of the period as one of the better sources.  Its text is interesting as the work of a soldier who in spite of being a man of culture, used a direct and simple style, and is believed to have been inspired by the publication of Alonso de Ercilla's "La Araucana".

Additional information

See also

History of Chile
Pedro de Valdivia
García Hurtado de Mendoza
Jerónimo de Vivar
Pedro Mariño de Lobera
Alonso de Ercilla
Arauco War
Mapuche people

Bibliography

Notes

Sources

Spanish conquistadors
Spanish explorers
Explorers of Chile
Encomenderos
16th-century Spanish historians
Chilean historians
Viceroyalty of Peru people
1523 births
1575 deaths
16th-century explorers
16th-century Peruvian people
People from Valdivia
People of the Arauco War


New York State Route 28B (NY 28B) was a state highway in Oneida County, New York, in the United States. The route served as a connector between NY 287 (now NY 365) in the village of Prospect and NY 12 and NY 28 in the village of Remsen. It was assigned in 1935 and removed in the mid-1960s, at which time most of the route became New York State Route 920V, an unsigned reference route. The alignment of NY 28B was originally part of legislative Route 26 and later Route 25 in the early 20th century.

Route description
NY 28B began at an intersection with NY 287 (now mostly part of NY 365) at Church Street in the village of Prospect. The route headed to the northwest, following State Street through the northern portion of the village. At the northern village line, the amount of development along the route decreased substantially as it proceeded through the town of Trenton as Prospect Road. NY 28B continued northwest for  on a linear northwesterly routing through a rural section of Trenton to the northern town line, where it crossed into the town of Remsen. The route continued on this path for another  before turning towards the west and paralleling the town line into the village of Remsen.

Within Remsen, NY 28B became known as Prospect Street as it headed westward for three blocks through the residential southeastern part of the village. In the last of the three, the route crossed over Cincinnati Creek just before intersecting Main Street. While Prospect Street ended here, NY 28B turned south onto Main Street, following it for two blocks to a junction with Steuben Street. Here, NY 28B turned west, passing through a slightly more rural area as it approached the divided highway carrying NY 12 and NY 28 around the western edge of the village. NY 28B ended upon meeting the arterial at the western village line.

History

In 1908, the New York State Legislature created Route 26, an unsigned legislative route extending from Little Falls to Remsen via Dolgeville, Salisbury, and Prospect. In Remsen, Route 26 ended at Route 25, which followed the modern NY 12 corridor between Barneveld and Remsen. By 1920, Route 26 was reconfigured to run directly from Barneveld to Little Falls while the portion of former Route 26 between Prospect and Remsen became part of a realigned Route 25. When the first set of posted routes in New York were assigned in 1924, the Barneveld–Remsen portion of legislative Route 25 was bypassed by NY 12, which was assigned to Route 25's original, direct alignment between the two villages instead. The portion of legislative Route 25 between Barneveld and Prospect was designated as part of NY 287 in the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York.

The section of legislative Route 25 from Prospect to Remsen was finally assigned a posted designation in April 1935 when it became part of NY 28B, an alternate route of NY 28 that extended west along NY 287 to Barneveld. At the time, NY 12 and NY 28 followed Mappa Avenue, Old State Road, and Main Street between Barneveld and Remsen while NY 287 and NY 28B were routed on Boon Street, Parker Hollow Road, and Church Street from Barneveld to Prospect. The overlap with NY 287 was eliminated in the early 1950s after NY 28B was truncated to begin in Prospect.

By 1954, NY 12 and NY 28 were shifted westward onto a new bypass around the village of Remsen. NY 28B was extended southward along NY 12 and NY 28's former alignment on Main Street and westward on Steuben Street to meet the new highway. The NY 28B designation was eliminated in the mid-1960s and replaced with NY 920V, an unsigned reference route. Around the same time, NY 287 was realigned onto the bypass that now carries NY 365 around the northern fringe of the village of Prospect, truncating NY 920V to its current length.

Major intersections

See also

References

External links

028B
Transportation in Oneida County, New York


Robert "Bobby" Berland (born November 5, 1961, in Chicago, Illinois) is an American judoka who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics and in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Berland is Jewish. In 1984 he won the silver in the Judo at the under 86 kg (Middleweight) division. He was the first American and graduate of Mather High School to receive an Olympic silver medal in judo.

Berland also won a bronze medal in the 1983 World Judo Championships.

See also
 List of select Jewish judokas

References

External links

 US Olympic medalists in judo at JudoInfo.com

1961 births
Living people
American male judoka
Olympic judoka for the United States
Judoka at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Judoka at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in judo
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games medalists in judo
Pan American Games silver medalists for the United States
Mather High School alumni
Judoka at the 1983 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1983 Pan American Games


Antwaun Carter (born September 9, 1981) is a former American football running back.

High school

Carter played at South Aiken High School, where, in addition to football, was a track star, winning the state 100-meter title in 2001. The same year he won the state title in the shot put.  The football team had lost 29 consecutive games going into his senior season, which Carter finished with 1,856 yards, before finally breaking a 42–14 win against Midland Valley High School behind Carter's 200-plus rushing yards

College career
After limited scholarship offers coming out of high school, he enrolled at Sacramento City College, eventually drawing attention from Boise State University head coach Dan Hawkins, and transferred to join Boise State's 'tailback by committee' approach as a short yardage and goal line back.

Carter's playing career at Boise State University began his junior season of 2004, posting 278 yards on 75 rushes and 7 touchdowns.  He returned his senior season to record 100 rushes for 440 yards and 10 touchdowns.  His only catch came in 2004 for a 9-yard gain.

According to one interview, Carter entered into his senior season believing he'd be seeing time primarily as the goal line back, but as the season continued, he was involved in heavy rotation with the other backs. He finished with 10 touchdowns on 100 carries for 840 yards.

Professional career

Drafted in 20th round of the NFL Europa Free Agent Draft in 2007 by the Cologne Centurions, where he finished the season with 2 rushes for 6 yards and 2 catches for 9 yards.
He had finished training camp as the starting tailback, having beat out eventual NFLE MVP Derrick Ross and AJ Harris, but suffered a knee injury early in the first regular season game.

Carter was selected in the 4th round, 43rd overall, by Team Alabama in the inaugural All American Football League Draft. After the league suspended operations he was invited the Kansas City Chiefs camp in May 2008 where he made the practice squad. He was released in 2010.

References

External links
 http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/player/profile?playerId=150198

Players of American football from South Carolina
1981 births
Living people
American football running backs
Cologne Centurions (NFL Europe) players
Sacramento City Panthers football players
Boise State Broncos football players
Sportspeople from Aiken, South Carolina


Firman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Armen Firman (810–887), 9th century inventor
 Bert Firman (1906–1999), English bandleader of the 1920s–1940s
 Brett Firman (born 1976), Australian rugby league footballer
 Conor Firman (born 1998), Irish hurler
 David Firman, English orchestral conductor, musical director and composer
 Humphrey Firman (1886–1916), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
 Natasha Firman (born 1976), English racing driver, sister of Ralph
 Patricia Firman (1922–1980), Australian model, actress and TV personality
 Pete Firman (born 1980), English magician, comedian and television presenter
 Ralph Firman (born 1975), Irish racing driver

See also
 Firmani


Michael Wise Mosman (born December 23, 1956) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Oregon.  He served as Chief Judge for the U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon from February 1, 2016, to December 23, 2019.  He also served a 7-year term on the FISA Court from May 4, 2013, to May 3, 2020. He previously served as the United States attorney for the same district.

Early life and education

Michael Mosman was born in the Willamette Valley of Oregon in 1956 in the city of Eugene. He grew up in Lewiston, Idaho, the son of an attorney and judge with an older sister and three younger brothers. He attended Ricks College in Idaho, which is now Brigham Young University–Idaho. He graduated with an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1979 before attending Utah State University in Logan, Utah. At Utah State he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1981, and was the valedictorian of his class. Mosman then went on to law school at Brigham Young University's J. Reuben Clark Law School. He graduated there in 1984 with a Juris Doctor. At BYU he was the editor of the law review, and graduated magna cum laude.

Career

In 1984, Mosman clerked for Malcolm Richard Wilkey, judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. The following year he entered private legal practice for part of 1985 as an associate at Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge (now Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman). Mosman then was a clerk for Justice Lewis F. Powell of the Supreme Court of the United States. While clerking for Powell, he was involved in the justice's voting to uphold Georgia's sodomy law in Bowers v. Hardwick, writing

"The right to privacy calls for the greatest judicial restraint, invalidating only those laws that impinge on those values that are basic to our country"

and

"I do not think that this case involves any such values. I recommend reversal [of the Eleventh Circuit decision]...Personal sexual freedom is a newcomer among our national values, and may well be, as discussed earlier, a temporary national mood that fades."

After leaving Powell's employ, Mosman entered private practice in Portland, Oregon, in 1986 at Miller Nash (now Miller Nash Graham & Dunn).

United States attorney

In 1988, he began working as an assistant United States attorney for the District of Oregon, remaining until 2001. That year he became the United States attorney for the District of Oregon, serving until 2003. He replaced Kristine Olson Rogers who had resigned.

Federal judicial service
On May 8, 2003, President George W. Bush nominated Mosman to serve as United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Oregon to the seat vacated by Robert E. Jones, who assumed senior status on May 1, 2000. Senators Ron Wyden and Gordon H. Smith spoke at the confirmation hearing, highlighting his prior service in the war on terrorism and that a bipartisan commission established to fill the vacancy left by Robert E. Jones had discovered him. On September 25, 2003, he was confirmed by the United States Senate by a 93–0 vote. He received his commission on September 26, 2003. He served as Chief Judge for approximately 4 years from February 1, 2016, to December 23, 2019. He assumed senior status on December 27, 2021.

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court & Alien Terrorist Removal Court
He served a full 7-year term as a Judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court from May 2013 to May 2020. He served as a judge of the Alien Terrorist Removal Court from 2018 to 2023.

Notable cases

Lemons v. Bradbury

On February 1, 2008, in Lemons v. Bradbury, Mosman dismissed the lawsuit and lifted an injunction against Oregon's new civil union law. Mosman had issued the temporary injunction in December 2007 to prevent Oregon's new civil union law from taking effect in January. This was in response to a legal challenge by a group that had attempted to place a referendum on the November 2008 ballot to block the civil union law that had been passed by the Oregon Legislative Assembly. The legal issue centered on how the Oregon Secretary of State verified signatures on petitions.

Carter Page Warrant
In 2017, Mosman approved renewal of a FISA Court warrant for Carter Page, a former adviser to the 2016 Trump Campaign. In July 2018, the warrant application was released publicly, marking the first time FISA warrant application materials were made public. The heavily redacted, 412-page application cites many sources, including confidential informants. Among those many sources, the application cites the Steele dossier, leading a legal commentator to criticize the basis of the warrant.

Kawhi Leonard v. Nike Inc

In April, 2020, Mosman granted Nike's motion dismissing Kawhi Leonard's copyright claims over a disputed logo, writing

"It's not merely a derivative work of the sketch itself...I do find it to be new and significantly different from the design."

Oregon restraining order against Department of Homeland Security (2020)

In July 2020, the Oregon Attorney General, Ellen Rosenblum, requested a restraining order based on the detainment actions of Department of Homeland Security and Customs and Border Patrol personnel. The AG alleged that unmarked federal agents had unlawfully detained protesters in Portland without probable cause.

Mosman rejected the request for a restraining order, stating that "because it has not shown it is vindicating an interest that is specific to the state itself — I find the State of Oregon lacks standing here and therefore deny its request for a temporary restraining order".

Miss America
In 2021, Mosman dismissed a lawsuit challenging the Miss United States of America pageant's rules that dictate that their contestants be “natural females.”

Recognition

 In 2018, Mosman received the Alumni Achievement Award from BYU's J. Reuben Clark Law School, entitled "How Not To Be stupid"
 As part of the Spirit and the Law Series at BYU, Mosman gave a talk on conflict and confrontation in the law

Personal life
Mosman is married to the former Suzanne Cannon Hogan, and they have five children. He is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

See also
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 1)

References

External links

Oregon Benchmarks
Cases filed by Mosman
Ruling in Lemons v. Bradbury

1956 births
Living people
Utah State University alumni
J. Reuben Clark Law School alumni
Brigham Young University–Idaho alumni
Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States
American Latter Day Saints
Lawyers from Eugene, Oregon
Lawyers from Portland, Oregon
People from Lewiston, Idaho
United States Attorneys for the District of Oregon
Judges of the United States District Court for the District of Oregon
United States district court judges appointed by George W. Bush
21st-century American judges
Assistant United States Attorneys
Judges of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court


Bazaar Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 81.

Geography
Bazaar Township covers an area of .  The streams of Baker Creek, Den Creek, East Branch Sharpes Creek, Folsom Creek, Kirk Creek, Nickel Creek, Norton Creek, Rock Creek, Sharpes Creek and Yeager Creek run through this township.

In what remains of the community of Bazaar, the Bazaar United Methodist Church continues to hold weekly worship services at 8:30 each Sunday morning except for the first weekend in June when Chase County churches meet at the Strong City Rodeo grounds for Cowboy Church.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 Unincorporated community of Bazaar.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Bazaar.

See also
 1931 Transcontinental & Western Air Fokker F-10 crash, known as the "Knute Rockne plane crash"

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Cedar Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 116.

Geography
Cedar Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  The streams of Bills Creek, Brush Creek, Middle Creek and Turkey Creek run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 Unincorporated community of Wonsevu.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Griffith.
 Wonsevu.

Transportation
Cedar Township contains one airport or landing strip, Clothier Landing Field.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Cottonwood Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 184.

Geography
Cottonwood Township covers an area of .  The streams of Bruno Creek, Cedar Creek, Coon Creek, Coyne Branch, French Creek, Gould Creek, Holmes Creek and Silver Creek run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 City of Cedar Point.
 Unincorporated community of Elmdale.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Cedar Point.
 Drinkwater.
 Montgomery.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Diamond Creek Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 237.

Geography
Diamond Creek Township covers an area of .  The streams of Collett Creek, Diamond Creek, Gannon Creek, Middle Creek, Mulvane Creek, Pickett Creek, Schaffer Creek, School Creek, Stribby Creek and Wildcat Creek run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 City of Elmdale.
 Unincorporated community of Hymer.
 Ghost town of Elk (east part of community).

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Boenitz.
 Diamond Creek.
 Elk, located at .
 Elmdale.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Falls Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,163.

Geography
Falls Township covers an area of .  The streams of Buck Creek, South Fork Cottonwood River, Spring Creek and Stout Run run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 City of Cottonwood Falls.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Miller.
 Prairie Grove.

Transportation
Falls Township contains one airport or landing strip, Chase County Airport.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 Burnley Memorial Library - Falls Township - Chase Co. Kansas
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Homestead Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 52.

Geography
Homestead Township covers an area of .

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 Ghost town of Homestead.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Homestead.

References

Further reading

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Matfield Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 155.

Geography
Matfield Township covers an area of .  The streams of Bull Creek, Camp Creek, Corn Creek, Crocker Creek, Jack Creek, Little Cedar Creek, Mercer Creek, Shaw Creek, Steak Bake Creek and Thurman Creek run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 City of Matfield Green.
 Ghost town of Thurman.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 High Prairie.
 Matfield Green.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Lyndon Slewidge (born 1954 in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario) is a retired Ontario Provincial Police officer. He is also a singer who specializes in national anthems. He was the official anthem singer for the Ottawa Senators ice hockey club between 1994 and 2016 and is familiar with at least 13 national anthems. In 2023, Slewidge performed the anthems for the first time since 2016 during the Ottawa Senators 2023-24 home opener. Slewidge typically ends an anthem with a salute, a wink and a thumbs up sign (or, in the playoffs, with waving a towel).

Slewidge spent his childhood in Sault Ste. Marie where at age 9 he won the Kiwanis Music Festival for his singing talent. His career in police work began there in 1975. Prior to moving to the Ottawa area, he lived in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario where he first sang national anthems for the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds. He has last been stationed in Smiths Falls at the OPP's Eastern Region Headquarters. He has received the Service Medal of the Order of St John with 1 Bar.

In 1992, astronaut Roberta Bondar arranged for Slewidge to record the American and Canadian national anthems. She took the recordings aboard her flight on NASA's Space Shuttle Discovery (mission STS-42). Bondar's home city is Sault Ste. Marie, where Slewidge was stationed at that time.

References

External links
Ottawa Senators: Game Experience - Lyndon Slewidge
  References Slewidge's effect on a Florida Panthers player.

1954 births
Living people
Canadian male singers
Canadian police officers
Ontario Provincial Police officers
Ottawa Senators
Musicians from Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario


Strong Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 507.

Geography
Strong Township covers an area of .  The streams of Fox Creek, Indian Creek, Palmer Creek and Prather Creek run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 City of Strong City.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Saint Anthony.
 Simmons.
 Strong Township.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Anandwan literally, Forest of happiness, located around 5 kilometers from Warora in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India, is an ashram and a community rehabilitation centre which was mainly started for leprosy patients and the disabled from downtrodden sections of society. It was founded in 1949 by noted social activist Baba Amte. The project is run by the organisation Maharogi Seva Samiti, and even being located one of the most backward districts of Central India -Chandrapur, has built livelihood capabilities of thousands of downtrodden people, persons with disabilities like leprosy, orthopedically handicapped, vision and hearing impaired and primitive tribal members since 1949. Two of its other projects are Lok Biradari Prakalp and Somnath, a village for cured leprosy patients.

Baba Amte developed Anandwan to be a self-contained ashram (which could be described as "a kibbutz for the sick"). Today residents are self-sufficient in terms of basic subsistence.
In addition the ashram has various home-based, small-scale industry units run by the residents that generate income to cover additional requirements.

Baba Amte also shaped Anandwan as an environmentally aware community to practice energy utilization, waste recycling and minimizing use of natural resources that might otherwise lead to their depletion.

Anandwan today has two hospitals, a college, an orphanage, a school for the blind, a school for the deaf and a technical wing.
Dr. Vikas Amte, Baba Amte's elder son, is the chief functionary at Anandwan. He undertook various experiments in Anandwan regarding rehabilitation which have been mentioned in a book titled 'Anandwan Prayogwan'.

Books
A book titled 'Anandwan Prayogwan' has been written by Dr. Vikas Amte which describes different experiments undertaken at Anadwan.

Additional Works

In later years the samiti managing Anandwan, also added two projects under the Lok Biradari Prakalp at Somnath in Mul tehsil of Chandrapur district in 1967 and at Hemalkasa,which is looked after by Prakash and Mandakini Amte, both doctors, and their sons Digant and Aniket and their wives Anagha and Sameeksha. in Bhamragad tehsil of Gadchiroli district in 1973.

See also
Baba Amte
Vikas Amte
Prakash Amte
Mandakini Amte
Sheetal Amte

Further reading

References

External links
Anandwan, Official website
Report on Anandwan
Maharogi Sewa Samiti: Anandwan
Dr. Schweitzer's Hospital Fund (UK) - Anandwan
Anandwan - Maharogi Sewa Samiti
The Miracle Worker Baba Amte - Collector's office, Chandrapur district

Ashrams
1951 establishments in Bombay State
Religious organizations established in 1951
Chandrapur district
Leper hospitals
Health charities in India


Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, is home to numerous tourist attractions. Daman-i-Koh, Margalla Zoo, Pakistan Monument, Faisal Mosque, Shakarparian, Lok Virsa Museum and Rawal lake view point are among the top tourist attractions in Islamabad. It also acts as a stop for journeys to Murree and Northern Pakistan when travelling from Pakistani provinces of Punjab, Sindh, and sometimes even Balochistan.

General

 Faisal Masjid
 Centaurus
 Daman-e-Koh
 The Monal Restaurant
 Islamabad Zoo
 Lok Virsa Museum
 Margalla Hills
 Murree Hills
 National Herbarium Islamabad
 National Monument Islamabad
 National Museum of Natural History
 Neela Sandh
 Nilan Bhotu
 Pak-China Friendship Centre
 Pir Sohawa
 Rawal Lake
 Shahdara Village
 Shakarparian
 Lotus Lake

Rock climbing
There are many spots for rock climbing in Margalla Hills, including Jungle Rock (F 6a:8a), God Rock (F 6b+:7b), Legacy Wall (F 6a:7c+),  Jasmin Corner (F 4b:5a), Belvedere (F 4c:6b+), Hidden Rock (F 6a:6c), Music Lounge (F 5c:6c) Beetle’s Nest (F 5b:6c+, including multi-pitch route), Well Hidden Rock (F 5a:8a), Holiday Rock (F 5b:5b), Said Pur View (F 5c:8a) and Shaddarrah (F 5c:6a).

Parks

 Ayub National Park
Ankara Park
 Fatima Jinnah Park
 Japanese Park
 Lake View Park
 Playland
 Rose & Jasmine Garden

Museums and art galleries

 Lok Virsa Museum
 Golra Sharif Railway Museum
 National Art Gallery, Islamabad
 Pakistan Museum of Natural History

Model villages
 Potohari Arts & Craft Village
 Saidpur Village Resort

Mosques and shrines

 Baba Badshah Bani Gala
 Bari Imaam
 Shah Faisal Mosque
 Golra Sharif

Food streets
 Melody Food Street
 Aabpara Food Street
 Blue Area Food Street
 Naan Street in PWD Islamabad

Sporting facilities
 Jinnah Sports Stadium
 Liaquat Gymnasium

Main markets

Markaz and bazaars

Every populated sector in Islamabad has a main market/bazaar referred to as a markaz.
 Aabpara Market (G-6)
 Allah Wali Market (F-8/1)
 Ayyub Market/F-8 Markaz
 Cafe Irum Market (G-6/2)
 Jinnah Super Market/F-7 Markaz
 Friday and Sunday Bazar (near Peshawar Morr Interchange and G-6)
 Karachi Company/G-9 Markaz
 Mediterranean Food Court Diplomatic Enclave/G-5 Markaz
 Super Market/F-6 Markaz

Malls
 Centaurus Mall
 Emporium Mall (under construction)
 Giga Mall
 Olympus Mall
 Pak China Mall
 Safa Gold Mall
 Zeta 1 Mall (under construction)

Government buildings

 Aiwan-e-Sadr - President's official residence
 National Institute of Health
 National Parliament of Pakistan
 Supreme Court of Pakistan

See also

 Developments in Islamabad

Notes

References

External links

 Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation, PTDC

Tourist attractions
Tourist attractions
Islamabad
Islamabad


Toledo Township is a township in Chase County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 302.

Geography
Toledo Township covers an area of .  The streams of Bloody Creek, Buckeye Creek, Bull Creek, East Buckeye Creek, Little Bloody Creek, Peyton Creek and Spring Creek run through this township.

Communities
The township contains the following settlements:
 Unincorporated community of Saffordville.
 Unincorporated community of Toledo.

Cemeteries
The township contains the following cemeteries:
 Hillside.

Further reading

References

External links
 Chase County Website
 City-Data.com
 Chase County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Townships in Chase County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE) is an Indian defence laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Located in Gwalior, it is primarily involved in the research and development of detection and protection against toxic chemical and biological agents. DRDE is organised under the Life Sciences Directorate of DRDO. The present director of DRDE is  Dr. Manmohan Parida.

History
In 1924, the Maharaja of Gwalior established a research laboratory to explore forest products and mineral resources. In 1947, the Jiwaji Industrial Research Laboratory (as the lab was known) was inaugurated by C. Rajagopalachari, the then Governor General of India. In 1966, it was taken over by the Ministry of Defence. As its research activities expanded, in 1973, JIRL was made a separate laboratory, and renamed as Defence Research & Development Establishment.

Advanced Biological Defence Research Centre (ABDRC) will be set up under DRDE as a Biosafety level 4 laboratory that will work on highly contagious virus, their effects on human being, and developing safeguards.

Area of work
DRDE is the primary defence laboratory involved in the development of NBC detection and protection systems. It conducts research in the fields of biochemistry, microbiology, biotechnology, Virology and toxicology. It conducts safety and toxicological evaluations of hazardous chemicals and materials.

It also develops rapid diagnostic tests for pathogens and investigates preventive measures for the control of diseases. To protect from Chemical weapons, it also conducts research in the area of detection, protection and decontamination of hazardous chemicals.

Research and development activities at DRDO cover important demarcated disciplines like aeronautics, rockets and missiles, electronics and instrumentation, combat vehicles, engineering, naval systems, armament technology including explosives research, terrain research, advanced computing, artificial intelligence, robotics, works study, systems analysis and life sciences including high-altitude agriculture, physiology, food technology and nuclear medicine. In addition to undertaking research and development activities, DRDO also assists the Services by rendering technical advice regarding formulation of requirements, evaluation of systems to be acquired, fire and explosive safety and mathematical and statistical analysis of operational problems.

DRDO offers specialised training at its two premier training institutions called Institute of Armament Technology, Pune and Defence Institute of Work Study, Mussoorie. The courses at these institutions have been evolved primarily to meet the needs of DRDO, Department of Defence Production and Supplies and the three Services.

Projects and Products

Technologies for Civilian use
As a by-product of its research, the lab also develops civilian applications of biotechnology, especially in human waste disposal, disease control, pest control, etc. As is common with DRDO laboratories, many of the technologies developed by DRDE are available for civil use and have been transferred to private sector.

Technologies transferred to the civilian sector include diagnostic kits/systems for Anthrax, Dengue, Plague, Malaria, and other infections. It has also developed insecticides, pest repellents and water quality testing and purification kits. Its major thrust area is defence against Bio-Terrorism, including chemicals agents like Sarin and biological agents like Botulinum neurotoxin.

See also
 DRDO Young Scientist Laboratories

References

External links
 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225330/http://drdo.gov.in/drdo/labs/DRDE/English/index.jsp?pg=homebody.jsp&labhits=9821

1973 establishments in Madhya Pradesh
Government agencies established in 1973
Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research and development in India
Research institutes established in 1973
Research institutes in Madhya Pradesh


Alam Budiman is a township located at Section U10 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. It is roughly halfway between Central part of Shah Alam, and Kapar, Klang. Alam Budiman also borders Meru to the west and Setia Alam to the southwest. It is situated near the new UiTM Puncak Perdana campus.

Alam Budiman is connected by Persiaran Mokhtar Dahari  to the Guthrie Corridor Expressway , which is a shortcut to Shah Alam from Rawang.

Adjacent townships include Puncak Perdana, Sunway Alam Suria, and Cahaya SPK.

References

External links
 AlamBudiman.net , online Resident Community

Townships in Selangor


Loyola College is an independent Catholic secondary school, located in Watsonia, a suburb of Melbourne, in Victoria, Australia. The college was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1980 with an initial enrolment of 134 students. The Jesuits conduct the school in the Ignatian tradition. Located on , , Loyola College had a student population of approximately 1,360 students from Year 7 to Year 12.

History
The Loyola Seminary built between 1932 and 1934 was located at the corner of Bungay and Grimshaw Streets, Watsonia. After being owned by various parties over the years, the land was bought by John Kennedy in 1979, and formally opened as a school the next year.

Structure
A regional Catholic college, Loyola's associated parishes are St Damian's, Bundoora; Sacred Heart, Diamond Creek; St Mary's, Greensborough; Our Lady of the Way, Kingsbury, St Martin of Tours’, Macleod; St Francis of Assisi, Mill Park and St Thomas’, North Greensborough. The college also serves the parishes of St Francis Xavier, Montmorency, including Holy Trinity, Eltham North and Our Lady Help of Christians, Eltham.

Each staff member and student belongs to one of the six houses: Chisholm, named after Caroline Chisholm; Flynn, named after John Flynn; McAuley, named after the Venerable Mother Catherine McAuley; MacKillop, named after Saint Mary MacKillop; Mannix, named after Archbishop Daniel Mannix; and Xavier, named after St. Francis Xavier. All houses compete with each other through sports, theatre and more, in order to gain the most points and win the House Shield, which is awarded annually.

Past principals
John Ormond Kennedy was the founding principal in September 1979. Joseph Favrin was the principal from 2008 Until June 2022.

Curriculum
The college offers a range of subjects including arts, Design and Technology, English, Humanities, Language, Mathematics, Music, Physical and Outdoor Education and Science. Loyola College also offers extra curricular activities including Clubs and Societies, Performing Arts, Public speaking and Debating, Service and Spirituality, and Sport. Major events during the school year include St Ignatius Day, the Musical Production and Dramatic Production, House Drama, House Music, Athletics Carnival and Swimming Carnival.

Sport
Loyola is a member of the Association of Coeducational School (ACS). Loyola has won the following ACS premierships:

Combined
 Touch Football – 2012

Boys
 Basketball – 2020
 Cricket (2) – 2019, 2020
 Football (3) – 1999, 2001, 2013
 Volleyball (2) – 2002, 2003

Girls
 Basketball (8) – 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2019, 2021, 2022
 Football (6) – 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2017
 Futsal (3) – 2016, 2017, 2019
 Netball (4) – 1999, 2005, 2007, 2012
 Soccer (3) – 2016, 2017, 2018
 Softball (4) – 2013, 2014, 2015, 2020
 Tennis (4) – 1998, 2005, 2008, 2014
 Volleyball – 2003

Partnerships
The school has a partnership with Jesus Good Shepherd School in the Philippines.

Notable alumni

 Nicholas AudinoMusic producer, songwriter, executive and manager
 Jasmine Curtisactress, dancer, endorser, writer and commercial model
 Jack GrimesAustralian rules football player for Melbourne Demons
 Dylan GrimesAustralian rules football player for Richmond Tigers
 Matthew KreuzerAustralian rules football player for Carlton Blues
 Ben LennonAustralian rules football player for Richmond Tigers
 Alicia Loxleynews reporter
 Richard Muscatracing driver
 Sarah SansonettiAustralian rules football player for Richmond Tigers
 Heath ShawAustralian rules football player for Collingwood Mapgies and GWS Giants
 Rhyce ShawAustralian rules football player for Sydney Swans; coach of North Melbourne Kangaroos
 Jiordan Tollisinger and actress
 Sam PhilpAustralian rules football player for Carlton Blues

See also

 Catholic education in Australia
 List of non-government schools in Victoria, Australia
 List of Jesuit schools

References

Educational institutions established in 1980
Catholic secondary schools in Melbourne
1980 establishments in Australia
Jesuit secondary schools in Australia
Buildings and structures in the City of Banyule


The Garden Lodge is a short story by Willa Cather. It was first published in The Troll Garden in 1905

Plot summary
One day, Howard asks his wife if she would agree to tear down their garden lodge and build a new summer house there instead. She grows nostalgic as she remembers spending fond times there with tenor Raymond d'Esquerre when he was visiting. Although a moderate and no-nonsense woman, the singer rekindled her passion for music during his stay. She had to let go of it after her lazy brother killed himself and her father was crippled with debts. She then proceeds to go to the garden lodge and plays a piece of opera that she played with the tenor the previous summer. However, after a night's sleep she comes around and tells her husband she agrees the lodge should go.

Characters
Raymond d'Esquerre, a tenor.
Caroline Noble, the protagonist.
Howard Noble, Caroline's husband, a businessman from Wall Street.
Heinrich, Caroline's brother, a painter. He shot himself at age twenty-six.
Auguste, Caroline's father, a music teacher.
Caroline's mother. She remains unnamed. She married her music teacher in Germany and they later moved to America together. She dies after her son's suicide.

Allusions to other works
Freya is mentioned.
Caroline's father liked to talk about Schopenhauer.
Caroline plays Richard Wagner's Die Walküre at the piano in the garden lodge. Moreover, Wagner's Parsifal is mentioned with Kingslor's garden.

Literary significance and criticism
It has been suggested that the story deviates from normative gender roles: Auguste's romantic longing would seem more feminine, Caroline's strong-mindedness more masculine; further, Raymond seems doomed to playing the part of Kundry, 'a weary woman' in Parsifal.

References

External links
Full Text found in The Troll Garden  at the Willa Cather Archive

1905 short stories
Short stories by Willa Cather


Dolphin Juice was a comedy radio show broadcast from 9 to 11pm Sunday nights on Triple M Sydney. It was hosted by Bernie Tingles and Barry Goldwater. There is also a TV version of the show featured on Television Sydney.

Australian comedy radio programs


Akaki (Greek: Ακάκι, Cypriot Dialect: Ακάτζι; Turkish Akaki) is a village in the Nicosia District of Cyprus.

Recently a major find has been made of a 36 ft x 13 ft mosaic floor of a Roman villa depicting horse races in a hippodrome from a 4th c. AD villa.

References

External links
Maplandia

Communities in Nicosia District


The 2008 Slamdance Film Festival took place in Park City, Utah from January 17 to January 25, 2008. It was the 14th iteration of the Slamdance Film Festival, an alternative to the more mainstream Sundance Film Festival.

The Festival received over 3,500 submissions from 25 countries for less than 100 slots.

Awards
The 2008 Slamdance Film Festival recognized the following films at its awards ceremony. The Grand Jury Narrative Feature and Documentary Feature Award winners will be screened at the IFC Center in New York City in February 2008. Only first-time filmmakers working with production budgets of $1 million or less were allowed to compete in Feature competition. The winners shared more than $200,000 in cash and prizes, and one winner won guaranteed production of a feature film.

Films

Films that premiered at the festival included Dear Zachary: A Letter to a Son About His Father, a documentary about the murder of Zachary Turner.

References

External links
Slamdance Film Festival 2008 Films
Slamdance Film Festival 2008 Schedule

Slamdance Film Festival
Slamdance Film Festival, 2008
Slamdance Film Festival, 2008
Slamdance
2008 in American cinema


Farci is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Giampaolo Farci (born 1937), Italian field hockey player
 Luigi Farci (born 1939), Italian field hockey player
 Patrizia Farci, Italian scientist and hepatologist

Italian-language surnames


Belleville Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 675.

Geography
Belleville Township covers an area of  and contains two incorporated settlements: Chautauqua and Peru.  According to the USGS, it contains seven cemeteries: Booth, Findley, Marshall, McClarney, Oak Grove, Oak Hill and Peru.

The streams of Harper Creek, Otter Creek and Possum Trot Creek run through this township.

Transportation
Belleville Township contains one airport or landing strip, Walter Landing Strip.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Caneyville Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 88.

Geography
Caneyville Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: New Cloverdale, Old Cloverdale and Pleasant Valley.

The streams of Squaw Creek and Wolf Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Center Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 75.

Geography
Center Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Belknap.

The stream of Bakers Branch runs through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Conversations with Queen is the second and most recent album by rapper, Queen Pen. The album was released on May 22, 2001, on Motown Records and was executive produced by Kedar Massenburg and Queen Pen. Conversations with Queen was less successful than her previous album My Melody, only making it to number 134 on the Billboard 200 and number 31 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. One single was released, "Ghetto Divorce", but it did not make it to the charts.

Track listing
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

Sample credits
 "Pussy Ain't for Free" contains a sample from "Put Your Body In It", performed by Stephanie Mills; written by Howard Terrance King and Edward Dennis Moore.
 "QP Walks" contains a sample of "Sally" performed by Stetsasonic.
 "Revolution" contains an interpolation of "Revolution", written by Bob Marley.
 "For You" embodies portions of "I'll Do Anything for You", written by Ron Miller and Bert Reid.
 "True" contains an interpolation from "True", written by Gary Kemp.
 "Who's The" contains a sample of "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough, written and performed by Michael Jackson.

Charts

References

2001 albums
Queen Pen albums
Motown albums
Albums produced by Teddy Riley
Albums produced by Daddy-O (musician)
Albums produced by Ty Fyffe


Harrison Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 114.

Geography
Harrison Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Osro Falls and Rose Dale.

The streams of Cedar Creek, Dry Creek, Possum Trot Creek, Rock Creek and Spring Branch run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


USS Sheridan (APA-51) was an  that served with the US Navy during World War II.

Sheridan was named after five United States counties which were in turn named after Civil War General Philip H. Sheridan. The ship was laid down on 5 August 1942 under Maritime Commission contract by the Moore Dry Dock Company of Oakland, California, as SS Messenger; renamed Sheridan and designated AP-94 by the Navy on 5 October 1942; launched on 11 November 1942; reclassified APA-51 on 1 February 1943; acquired by the Navy from the Maritime Commission on 31 July 1943; and commissioned the same day.

World War II
Sheridan moved from Oakland to San Francisco on 31 August 1943; and, on 7 September, got underway for shakedown. Returning to San Francisco on 26 September, she loaded cargo and sailed for the western Pacific on 1 October. On 18 October, she delivered cargo at Nouméa; and, on the 25th, she arrived at Wellington, New Zealand, where she embarked marines and their equipment.

Invasion of Tarawa
Departing New Zealand on 1 November, she underwent amphibious training at Efate Island from the 7th to the 9th and sailed from there on the 13th for the invasion of the Gilbert Islands. Sheridan arrived off Tarawa early in the morning of 20 November 1943 and began debarking troops shortly before noon and cargo in mid-afternoon. The next day, she began reembarking troops, boats, and casualties. Sailing on 24 November, she arrived on 2 December at Pearl Harbor, where she discharged her casualties and was inspected by Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz.

On 5 December, she disembarked cargo and marines at Hilo, T.H., and then proceeded to the west coast, arriving at San Diego on 13 December.

Invasion of Kwajalein
Sheridan participated in practice landings at Oceanside, California, from 15 to 17 December 1943, and then welcomed the new year, 1944, with more exercises at San Clemente from 1 to 5 January. She then received her combat loadout of troops and supplies and sailed from San Diego on 13 January.

Stopping at Maui, T.H., just long enough to fuel, she arrived off the beaches of Kwajalein Atoll on 31 January. Her troops participated in the landings at Roi on 1 February while Sheridan remained off the beaches offloading cargo and acting as a temporary hospital ship pending the arrival of hospital ship . The transport sailed on 8 February, offloaded troops and cargo at Maui on 16 February, and then moved to Pearl Harbor on 17 February to receive needed repairs.

Invasion of Saipan
On 28 February, Sheridan began an intensive period of amphibious training at Maui, which lasted, with two short breaks, until 19 May. On 30 May, she sailed from Pearl Harbor with a task force bound for the Marianas. Arriving at Eniwetok on 9 June, Sheridan transferred troops to assigned LSTs and sailed on 11 June for Saipan.

Arriving on 15 June, she debarked troops and cargo; and then embarked a large group of casualties on the 18th. She completed offloading cargo on 20 June and sailed from Saipan the following day. After picking up more casualties at Eniwetok on 25 and 26 June, she arrived at Pearl Harbor on 3 July.

Invasion of Guam
Sheridan embarked Army troops there on 4 July and sailed on the 9th. Touching at Eniwetok on the 17th, she arrived at Guam on the 22nd, a day after the initial landings, and debarked her troops the following day. The ship departed Guam on 28 July, touched at Eniwetok on 1 August, and arrived at Pearl Harbor on the 10th. There, she received repairs, and then embarked Army troops and equipment for the reconquest of the Philippines.

Invasion of Leyte
After a week of amphibious training at Maui from 1 to 7 September, Sheridan departed Pearl Harbor on the 15th, and, after stops at Eniwetok and Manus, arrived on 20 October in the transport area off Leyte where she put her troops ashore in the first waves. Completing general unloading on the 22nd, she sailed for Humboldt Bay the same day. After remaining there from 27 October to 5 November, she arrived at Noemfoor Island on the 7th to load Army Air Force personnel and equipment, which she delivered at Leyte on the 18th.

Invasion of the Philippines
Arriving at Manus on the 24th, Sheridan sailed on the 28th for Torokina, Bougainville Island, where she arrived on 1 December. There, she combat-loaded Army troops; and then underwent extensive training in amphibious operations, moving to Huon Gulf, New Guinea for the final rehearsal on the 19th. Returning to Manus on the 21st, she sailed on 31 December 1944 as part of an assault group bound for Lingayen Gulf.

The force encountered heavy air opposition during the approach on 8 January 1945, but Sheridan arrived unscathed and landed her troops early the next day. She then took on board 108 Navy casualties and survivors mainly from the escort carrier , and sailed the same day for Leyte, arriving on the 12th. There, she embarked troops, and, after a landing rehearsal on 25 January, put them ashore on the 29th at La Paz, Philippine Islands, which turned out to be under the control of friendly guerrillas. The transport anchored in San Pedro, P.I., on 1 February and remained there until late March while the war moved closer to the Japanese homeland.

Invasion of Okinawa
On 14 March 1945, Sheridan loaded troops for her final assault landing, the one on Okinawa. After training in the Philippines, the transport sailed with an assault force on 27 March and put her troops ashore in the first waves at Okinawa on 1 April.

Repairs and training
Departing Okinawa on the 5th, she touched at Guam and Pearl Harbor and then arrived at San Francisco on 29 April for a major overhaul. Repairs were carried out between 4 May and 26 June by the United Engineering Co., San Francisco. Sheridan then proceeded to San Diego on 1 July for refresher training in amphibious operations, returning to San Francisco on the 12th. Sailing three days later, she delivered her passengers at Samar, P.I., on 6 August after stops at Eniwetok, Ulithi, and Leyte.

After hostilities
Sheridan loaded troops at Zamboanga, P.I., on 15 and 16 August, but due to the end of the war, debarked them at Tacloban on the 18th. Arriving at Batangas, P.I., three days later, she loaded troops for the occupation of Japan and sailed for Japan on the 25th.

The ship entered Tokyo Bay as the surrender document was being signed on board battleship , and offloaded her troops on 3 September. Sailing on the next day, Sheridan arrived at Okinawa on the 7th; and, after riding out a typhoon at sea, between 16 and 18 September, she embarked troops and sailed on 26 September for Taku, China. She remained at Taku from 30 September to 6 October and then sailed to the Philippines to embark a marine air group which she delivered at Taku on 14 November.

Operation Magic Carpet
Assigned next to Operation Magic Carpet, she sailed on 28 November from Taku; embarked marine troops at Sasebo, Japan; and sailed from there on 7 December for the United States.

Arriving at San Diego on the 23d, she commenced a period of overhaul; but, on 7 January 1946, she was released from Magic Carpet duty and designated for disposal.

Decommission
She sailed from San Diego on 11 January and arrived at Mobile, Alabama, on 1 February for deactivation. Sheridan was decommissioned on 5 March 1946, delivered to the Maritime Commission on 7 April 1946, and struck from the Navy List on 12 April 1946.

Awards
Sheridan received six battle stars for her World War II service.

Commercial service
Sold by the Maritime Commission to the United States Lines on 24 October 1947, she was briefly named Pioneer Sun and then served as American Scientist from 1947 until damaged by an explosion in July 1969 and scrapped.

References

USS Sheridan (APA-51), DANFS Online.
APA-51 Sheridan, Navsource Online.
USS Sheridan (APA-51), Shipmates' Site.

Ormsby-class attack transports
Ships built in Oakland, California
1942 ships
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States
Sheridan County, Kansas
Sheridan County, Montana
Sheridan County, Nebraska
Sheridan County, North Dakota
Sheridan County, Wyoming


Hendricks Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 179.

Geography
Hendricks Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Elgin.  According to the USGS, it contains four cemeteries: De Busk, Elgin, Moore Prairie and Wilson.

The streams of Buzzard Creek, Grant Creek, Little Cedar Creek, Sycamore Creek and West Cedar Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Jefferson Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 834.

Geography
Jefferson Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Cedar Vale.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Cedar Vale, Grant Creek and Round Mound.

The streams of Otter Creek, Shanghai Creek, Turkey Creek and Union Creek run through this township.

Transportation
Jefferson Township contains one airport or landing strip, Mills Ranch Airport.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Lafayette Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 65.

Geography
Lafayette Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Crum, Saint Charles and Union Chapel.

The streams of Bachelor Creek, Broker Creek, Coon Creek, Coon Creek, North Salt Creek and Turkey Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Great Whittington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Whittington, in Northumberland, England, 7 miles NE of Hexham. In 1951 the parish had a population of 158.

Governance
Great Whittington is in the parliamentary constituency of Hexham. Great Whittington was formerly a township in Corbridge parish, from 1866 Great Whittington was a civil parish in its own right until it was abolished on 1 April 1955 to form Whittington.

History
Immediately north of Great Whittington, in a field west of the Unnamed Road leading to Matfen, lies Great Whittington Royal Observer Corps Monitoring Post. This was 1 of approx. 1,563 underground monitoring posts built all over the UK during the Cold War to monitor the effects of a Nuclear Strike. They were operated by the ROC who were mostly civilian volunteers. Great Whittington ROC post was opened in June 1962 and closed in September 1992 after the collapse of the Soviet Union, which saw the end of the Cold War.

Landmarks
The Devil's Causeway passes the village about  to the west. The causeway was a Roman road which started at Portgate on Hadrian's Wall, north of Corbridge, and extended  northwards across Northumberland to the mouth of the River Tweed at Berwick-upon-Tweed.

Transport
Great Whittington is served by Go North East's 74 bus service, which provides four buses per day to Newcastle upon Tyne, Ponteland and Hexham.

Religious sites
A now deconsecrated Wesleyan church can be found on the northern side of the village green, distinguishable by a large cross above the door.

See also
Halton
Matfen

References

 The Official Great Whittington Website
 Geanology archives
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External links

 Whittington, as seen from the south

Villages in Northumberland
Former civil parishes in Northumberland


Little Caney Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 353.

Geography
Little Caney Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Niotaze.  According to the USGS, it contains five cemeteries: Elcado, Fairview, Haynes, Ireland and Mooney.

Niotaze Lake is within this township. The streams of Birch Creek, Lake Creek and Little Caney River run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Salt Creek Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 123.

Geography
Salt Creek Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Hale, Hardrock (Latitude: 37.19890, Longitude: -96.02670) and West Liberty.

The streams of Coffey Branch and Pan Creek run through this township.

Transportation
Salt Creek Township contains one airport or landing strip, Rupp Airport.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Sedan Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,660.

Geography
Sedan Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Sedan (the county seat). The streams of Deer Creek, Fly Creek and Wolf Creek run through this township. According to the United States Geological Survey, it contains two cemeteries: Casement and Greenwood.

Transportation
Sedan Township contains one airport, Sedan City Airport.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


MiND: Media Independence is an internet and television service developed by Independence Media, the former owners of television station WYBE in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  Independence Media is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, and television station WYBE was among the largest independently owned and operated non-commercial broadcast television stations in the US.

The MiND service is not only member-supported but mainly developed, produced and marketed by its members. MiND emphasizes community involvement and the sharing of ideas through television and internet video. MiND's slogan is, "Television by the people, for the people."

Every MiND program is 5 minutes long.

In Philadelphia's broadcast version of MiND, international news, Philadelphia Stories and Korean dramas are among the few "long form" programs remaining on the schedule. The internet version of MiND does not include long-form programs.

All short-form (5-minute) programs seen on MiND are shown both on MiND's internet channel and on MiND's television channel. The internet broadcast is delayed up to 5 minutes (so that every 5-minute program is shown in complete form).

Many of MiND's initial programs were produced by MiND' staff, interns, and volunteers. A small but increasing number of MiND programs are produced by members of MiND. The membership program includes individuals (who pay $75 per year for the right to submit MiND programs), non-profits ($500) and for-profit businesses ($1,000). MiND's strict rules regarding program acceptance policies are posted on MiND's website.

MiND launched on the web on April 28, 2008. MiND launched on television on May 15, 2008, in the Philadelphia market. The first program shown on MiND TV was The Pepper Pot: Curry Chicken, produced by MiND's first member, Janet Davis. The first hour of MiND on television also included Fiddler: Overdubbing (featuring Pennsylvania's 9-year-old champion fiddler, Julia Voris), Quench (about Maasai women and their struggle to attain clean drinking water), Lubinville (biography of the first film mogul, based in Philadelphia), and Alix Olson: Pirates (spoken word performance about injustice, politics, and taking back the media).

References

External links
 MiND official site
 Philadelphia Inquirer: "Public-television revolutionary WYBEs new model offers 5-minute shorts"

Community-created content television
Internet television channels
Television channels and stations established in 2008


Summit Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 106.

Geography
Summit Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Denick, Rogers and Spring Creek.

The streams of Pool Creek, Possum Creek, Rock Creek and Spring Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Washington Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA.  As of the 2000 census, its population was 87.

Geography
Washington Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Burton, Riley and Todd.

The streams of California Creek, Cedar Creek, Davis Creek, Deadman Creek, East Branch Grant Creek, Middle Caney Creek, North Caney Creek and West Branch Grant Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Chautauqua County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


The Lahontan Valley is a basin in Churchill County, Nevada, United States. The valley is a landform of the central portion of the prehistoric Lake Lahontan's lakebed of 20,000-9,000 years ago. The valley and the adjacent Carson Sink represent a small portion of the lake bed. Humboldt Lake is to the valley's northeast. Pyramid Lake is west. Walker Lake is to the south. The valley is part of the larger Great Basin Desert, however during the California Gold Rush the valley was often called the Forty Mile Desert.

Description

The Lahontan Valley is mostly uninhabited desert, aside from the city of Fallon and the Fallon Paiute-Shoshone Reservation. There is sparse habitation in farmland around the Carson River and irrigation canals surrounding Fallon, an arc of farms around the Soda Lakes volcano, the railroad junction at Hazen and the ghost town of Stillwater. There is a geothermal power plant at Soda Lake and combined geothermal/solar plant at Stillwater.

The valley derives its name from Louis-Armand de Lom d'Arce de Lahontan, Baron de Lahontan, a French soldier.

Forty Mile Desert
The Forty Mile Desert is a California Gold Rush name for Nevada's Lahontan Valley and the adjoining area to the northwest. Emigrants following the California Trail west came into the Lahonton Valley via the Humboldt River. West of the river's end in the Humboldt Sink, the trail forked, with one branch leading towards the Carson River and the other towards the Truckee River. Regardless of which route they took, the travelers would have to endure about  of desert without usable water. The Truckee route traversed the area starting at modern Lovelock, reaching the waters of the Truckee River near modern Wadsworth. This path is along a series of smaller valleys separated from the main part of the Lahontan Valley by the Hot Springs Mountains. Modern Interstate 80 closely approximates this path. The Carson route across the Lahontan Valley proceeds south from modern Lovelock towards an area west of modern Fallon called Ragtown, which had the last usable water on the Carson River. The First transcontinental railroad (modern Overland Route) and  U.S. Route 95 loosely follow the Carson route.

Per a state historical marker at a rest area at the junction of I-80 and US 95, the Forty Mile Desert was the most dreaded part of the California Trail.  In Chapter XX of Roughing It, Mark Twain speaks of his traversing it during the stagecoach journey his brother and he made from Missouri to Nevada in the summer of 1861:

On the nineteenth day we crossed the Great American Desert—forty memorable miles of bottomless sand, into which the coach wheels sunk from six inches to a foot. We worked our passage most of the way across. That is to say, we got out and walked. It was a dreary pull and a long and thirsty one, for we had no water. From one extremity of this desert to the other, the road was white with the bones of oxen and horses. It would hardly be an exaggeration to say that we could have walked the forty miles and set our feet on a bone at every step! The desert was one prodigious graveyard. And the log-chains, wagon tyres, and rotting wrecks of vehicles were almost as thick as the bones. I think we saw log-chains enough rusting there in the desert, to reach across any State in the Union. Do not these relics suggest something of an idea of the fearful suffering and privation the early emigrants to California endured?

If possible, the stretch was crossed at night. An 1850 survey counted 953 graves along this portion of the trail, along with thousands of animal skeletons and abandoned belongings of the desperate travelers.

References

External links

 Carson Trail at Emigrant Trails West, photo tour of southern wagon route across Forty Mile Desert
 Truckee Trail at Emigrant Trails West, photo tour of northern wagon route across Forty Mile Desert

California Trail
Valleys of Churchill County, Nevada


Quiriquina Island, Chile is located at the entrance to the Bay of Concepción, 11 km north of Talcahuano. (Quiriquina is a Mapuche word meaning "many True thrushes").

In April, 1557, Don Garcia de Mendoza, Spanish governor of the Captaincy General of Chile, arrived at Concepción with a large force of infantry and established himself upon Quiriquina. He then used it as a base for his campaign against the Mapuche in the continuing Arauco War.

In 1835, shortly after earthquake in the nearby city of Concepción, Charles Darwin, voyaging around the world on board HMS Beagle, visited the island.

During the First World War the Chilean government used Quiriquina to intern the crew of the German cruiser . Then-lieutenant Wilhelm Canaris, who escaped with two other crew members, was among the internees.

After the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, the Pinochet regime used the island as a concentration camp for political prisoners from Concepción and the Bío Bío Region. This camp was active from 11 September 1973 to April 1975.

On the northwest of the island there is a lighthouse. To the southeast there is Fort Rondizzoni, which consisted of dormitories, mess facilities, latrines, and an infirmary, all for the guards.

See also
 Quiriquina Formation

References

Sources
 Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga y Cienfuegos, Diccionario geográfico de la República de Chile, Segunda edición corregida y aumentada, Nueva York, D. Appleton y Compañía. 1899.] page 632
 Sclerorhynchid teeth from the Late Cretaceous of the Quiriquina Formation

Islands of Biobío Region
Imprisonment and detention
Coasts of Biobío Region


A cerebral laceration is a type of traumatic brain injury that occurs when the tissue of the brain is mechanically cut or torn. The injury is similar to a cerebral contusion; however, according to their respective definitions, the pia-arachnoid membranes are torn over the site of injury in laceration and are not torn in contusion. Lacerations require greater physical force to cause than contusions,  but the two types of injury are grouped together in the ICD-9 and ICD-10 classification systems.

Signs and symptoms
A fifth of people with cerebral lacerations have a lucid interval and no significant changes in level of consciousness.  The level of consciousness decreases as the laceration bleeds and blood begins to build up within the skull.

Associated injuries
Cerebral lacerations usually accompany other brain injuries and are often found with skull fractures on both sides of the head.  Frequently occurring in the same areas as contusions, lacerations are particularly common in the inferior frontal lobes and the poles of the temporal lobes.  When associated with diffuse axonal injury, the corpus callosum and the brain stem are common locations for laceration. Lacerations are very common in penetrating and perforating head trauma and frequently accompany skull fractures; however, they may also occur in the absence of skull fracture. Lacerations, which may result when brain tissue is stretched, are associated with intraparenchymal bleeding (bleeding into the brain tissue).

Diagnosis

Prognosis
A cerebral laceration with large amounts of blood apparent on a CT scan is an indicator of poor prognosis. The progression and course of complications (health effects that result from but are distinct from the injury itself) do not appear to be affected by a cerebral laceration's location or a mass effect it causes.

References

External links

Neurotrauma


But Beautiful is an album of pop standards by Boz Scaggs, released in 2003. It reached number one on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart in 2004.

Reception

Allmusic found the album "an entirely pleasant listen" and praised the jazz quartet backing Scaggs, but rated the album as poor, citing Scaggs' "sometimes too casual" phrasing and criticizing his approach as predictable rather than fresh; on the other hand, it reached #1 on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart, and was a "critical and commercial triumph".

Track listing
 "What's New?" (Bob Haggart, Johnny Burke) – 4:30
 "Never Let Me Go" (Ray Evans, Jay Livingston) – 5:06
 "How Long Has This Been Going On?" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) – 6:07
 "Sophisticated Lady" (Duke Ellington, Irving Mills, Mitchell Parish) – 5:14
 "But Beautiful" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke) – 5:36
 "Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 3:29
 "Easy Living" (Ralph Rainger, Leo Robin) – 4:13
 "I Should Care" (Axel Stordahl, Paul Weston, Sammy Cahn) – 5:25
 "You Don't Know What Love Is" (Gene de Paul, Don Raye) – 5:46
 "For All We Know" (J. Fred Coots, Sam M. Lewis) – 5:30
Bonus Track Japanese Release:
 "My Funny Valentine" (Rodgers, Hart)

Personnel
 Boz Scaggs – vocals
 Paul Nagel – piano, arrangements
 John Shifflett – bass
 Jason Lewis – drums
 Eric Crystal – saxophone

Production
 Jeff Cressman – engineer
 Steve MacMillan – engineer
 Joel Moss – mixing
 Bernie Grundman – mastering at Bernie Grundman Mastering (Hollywood, California).
 Phillip Andelman – photography
 David Bullen – design

Chart positions

References

External links
 But Beautiful Lyrics

Boz Scaggs albums
2003 albums
Traditional pop albums
Albums produced by Boz Scaggs


The terror skink (Phoboscincus bocourti), also called commonly Bocourt's terrific skink, Bocourt's eyelid skink and Bocourt's skink, is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to the Île des Pins (Isle of Pines), a small islet off the coast of New Caledonia. First described in 1876, the species was presumed to be extinct, but was rediscovered in 1993, and since then several individuals have been seen. Because of its small area of occupation and small population size, the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being "critically endangered".

Etymology
The specific name, bocourti, is in honor of French zoologist Marie Firmin Bocourt.

Distribution
Phoboscincus bocourti is endemic to two islets ashore of the Île des Pins (Isle of Pines), an island off the coast of New Caledonia. Its extant range is severely limited as the islets' surfaces combine to about . However, it may be present on other islands in the locality.

This rare species was considered extinct until being rediscovered in 1993, and in December 2003, a specimen was found by some specialists from the French Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (the animal was photographed and filmed before being released). Before, it was only known from a single specimen, collected on the same island by a man named Balanza. Additional individual specimens have been discovered in 2009, 2013 and 2018.

Diet
The teeth of P. bocourti are long, curved and sharp, suggesting predatory habits unusual for a large skink; most skinks are omnivorous. For a significant period of time, its diet went unknown; potential prey were thought to be larger invertebrates, other lizards, young birds, and eggs.
Some clans claim that the terror skink has earned its name because of its notable ability to feast on the fingers and other worm-like body parts of both children and adults.

A 2022 study found P. bocourti to largely be a dietary specialist on Geograpsus land crabs, namely the species Geograpsus grayi, with it using its large teeth and incredibly high bite force to penetrate the crabs' tough exoskeleton. This makes it the only known species of skink with a diet consisting of land crabs. However, it was also found to prey on another giant lizard sharing its habitat, the New Caledonian giant gecko (Rhacodactylus leachianus), making P. bocourti an apex predator.

Description
P. bocourti is about  in total length (including tail), and  in SVL making it the third largest reptilian predator on the island, the others being an extinct terrestrial crocodile, Mekosuchus, and a goanna.

Behavior
P. bocourti is presumed to be diurnal and mainly terrestrial, but may be partially arboreal.

Threats
With such a small area of occupation, P. bocourti is subject to threats such as habitat loss through a typhoon or wildfire, and the possibility of predatory animals being introduced to the island. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being "critically endangered".

References

Further reading
Brocchi [P] (1876). "Sur un Scincoïdien nouveau appartenant au genre Eumèces ". Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris, Series 6, 12: 95-97. (Eumeces bocourti, new species). (in French).
Greer AE (1974). "The genetic relationships of the Scincid lizard genus Leiolopisma and its relatives". Australian Journal of Zoology Supplementary Series 22 (31): 1-67. (Phoboscincus, new genus).

External links

Description page, including photographs
"Molecular phylogeny of the scincid lizards of New Caledonia and adjacent areas"
Caut, Stéphane; Holden, Magaly; Jowers, Michael J.; Boistel, Renaud; Ineich, Ivan (2013). "Is Bocourt’s Terrific Skink Really So Terrific? Trophic Myth and Reality." PLoS ONE 8 (10): e78638. .

Apex predators
Phoboscincus
Skinks of New Caledonia
Reptiles described in 1876
Taxa named by Paul Brocchi


Michael Army Airfield (MAAF)  is a military airport located at the Dugway Proving Ground and owned by the United States Army. It is  west of the proving grounds barracks at Dugway, Tooele County, Utah, United States.

Overview
Michael Army Airfield is located in a secluded, distant location and the secretive nature of its missions are generally undisclosed by the Army. Built by the Army during World War II, as Dugway Army Airfield, the facility is located in the Dugway Proving Ground which is one of the Army's main facilities for developing defenses against biological and chemical attacks. Workers at Dugway test defense gear to make sure they can survive nuclear, biological and chemical attacks.

MAAF is located just south of Hill Air Force Base's massive Utah Test and Training Range, where F-35 Lightning II fighters from Hill train in air-to-air combat and the Air Force tests cruise missiles, and is used occasionally by the Air Force as an emergency landing field.

It has been called the "new Area 51" by some, with the Dugway Proving Ground serving as a buffer zone, as the Nevada Test Site served for Groom Lake.

Projects
In the 1990s, MAAF was associated with the NASA X-38 Crew Return Vehicle (CRV) program, for the International Space Station. That program, however, was canceled in 2002 due to budget cuts.

One frequently rumored test project is the Lockheed Martin X-33. It is undetermined if MAAF will be used in association with the Boeing X-37 Advanced Technology Demonstrator, the military derivative of the X-38, a classified project which was transferred from NASA to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency on 13 September 2004.

In 2009, it was announced that Michael AAF will be used for the development and testing of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), which are sent overseas to provide soldiers with an aerial view - via video feed - of combat situations.

Facilities
Michael AAF previously had a  runway which was in poor condition. An FAA airport diagram effective January 2008 shows a 7,000 by  runway (12/30) open parallel to the prior runway, but the diagram effective February 2009 shows a new 11,000 by  runway is open in place of the original runway. As of 2013, 1,000 feet of each end of the runway is designated as an "overrun," leaving only 10,000 feet available for takeoffs and landings in each direction.

See also

 Utah World War II Army Airfields

References

External links

 Pappalardo, Joe (October 2009). New Area 51: Mojave's Desert Outpost Holds Space Flight's Future. Popular Mechanics.

United States Army airfields
Airports in Utah
Buildings and structures in Tooele County, Utah
Great Salt Lake Desert
Transportation in Tooele County, Utah


The Edmonton Wildcats (formerly the Edmonton Maple Leafs) are a Canadian football team based in Edmonton, Alberta. The Wildcats play in the Prairie Football Conference, which is part of the Canadian Junior Football League and competes for the league championship, the Canadian Bowl. The team was founded in 1948.

History

The team was founded as the Edmonton Maple Leafs in 1948, as a member of the Alberta Junior Football League (which was a conference in the Canadian Junior Football League). The Maple Leafs lost the 1951 National Final to the Hamilton Tigers. 1952 marked the second appearance of the Edmonton Wildcats in the national final, resulting in a narrow loss to Windsor AKO Fratmen. In 1958 the team's colors were changed to blue and white from green and gold. Due to the construction of the Commonwealth Stadium in 1976 on the site of the old Wildcat practice field, the Wildcats took up residence at Tiger Goldstick Park in Southeast Edmonton. The team would play its regular season games at Emerald Hills Football Field. The Wildcats have been successful in three appearances in the national final. In 1967 they defeated the Burlington Braves in Regina, Saskatchewan . In 1977, the Wildcats defeated the Hamilton Hurricanes in Hamilton, Ontario and in 1983 defeated the Ottawa Sooners in Windsor, Ontario. In 1994, the team moved to its current practice field, Rundle Park. The team made it to the 2006 Canadian Bowl, but lost to the Vancouver Island Raiders. They also were runner up in the 2009 championship game.

Gallery

References

External links
Edmonton Wildcats official site
Canadian Junior Football League

Wild
Canadian Junior Football League teams
Sports clubs and teams established in 1948
1948 establishments in Alberta