Christopher Paul Gimenez ( ; born December 27, 1982) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians, Seattle Mariners, Tampa Bay Rays, Texas Rangers, Chicago Cubs and Minnesota Twins.

Career

Amateur
In 2001, Gimenez graduated from Gilroy High School in Gilroy, California. He was drafted by the Colorado Rockies in the 34th round (1,024th overall) of the 2001 Major League Baseball draft, but did not sign and instead attended the University of Nevada.

Cleveland Indians
The Cleveland Indians selected Gimenez in the 19th round (557th overall) of the 2004 Major League Baseball draft. He signed and joined the Indians minor league system, playing with the Mahoning Valley Scrappers, Lake County Captains, Kinston Indians, Akron Aeros, Buffalo Bisons, and Columbus Clippers. He was a non-roster invitee to spring training for the 2008 and 2009 Indians, but started each season in the minors.

Gimenez made his MLB debut on June 3, 2009. On February 24, 2010, Gimenez was outrighted to Triple-A Columbus to make room on the 40-man roster for Russell Branyan. He remained in camp with the Indians for the duration of spring training as a non-roster invitee. On July 10, 2010, Gimenez's contract was purchased by the Indians, and he was added to the active roster, replacing Mike Redmond, who was designated for assignment. Gimenez was outrighted to Triple-A Columbus on October 29, 2010, removing him from the 40-man roster. He filed for free agency on November 6, 2010.

Seattle Mariners
On December 14, 2010, Gimenez signed a minor league contract with the Seattle Mariners. On December 12, 2011, the Mariners announced that Gimenez had been non-tendered along with pitcher Dan Cortes. Two days later, on December 14, the club announced that they had re-signed Gimenez to a contract. He was designated for assignment on February 6, 2012, and soon after, he declared for free agency.

Tampa Bay Rays
The Tampa Bay Rays signed him to a minor league contract on February 16. He also received an invitation to spring training. He was with the organization for two seasons.

Texas Rangers and Cleveland Indians

On December 20, 2013, Gimenez was claimed off waivers by the Oakland Athletics. He was then claimed off waivers by the Texas Rangers on March 28, 2014. He made the Rangers opening day roster on March 31, but was designated for assignment the next day. He elected to become a free agent on April 5. He re-signed a minor league contract on April 9 and was assigned to the Rangers' Triple-A affiliate, the Round Rock Express.

Gimenez's returned to the Rangers when his contract was selected from Round Rock on May 20 when J. P. Arencibia was optioned to Round Rock. He made the first pitching appearance of his Major League career on July 10, 2014, in the ninth inning of a blowout loss for the Rangers against the Los Angeles Angels. He pitched a 1-2-3 inning, including a swinging strikeout of C. J. Cron. Gimenez was designated for assignment on August 7. He was acquired by the Cleveland Indians on August 23, 2014.

Gimenez signed a minor league deal with the Rangers on November 20, 2014. On July 31, 2015, Gimenez was recalled from Triple-A Round Rock after Tomas Telis was traded to the Miami Marlins. He appeared in the postseason for the first time in the 2015 ALDS.

Gimenez was traded back to the Cleveland Indians on May 4, 2016, in exchange for cash considerations. On November 18, 2016, Gimenez was outrighted off the 40-man roster; he subsequently elected free agency on November 21, 2016.

Minnesota Twins and Chicago Cubs
On January 12, 2017, Gimenez signed a minor league contract with the Minnesota Twins that included an invitation to spring training. Gimenez made the Twins' 25-man roster out of camp.

On April 23, 2017, Gimenez pitched for his fourth time to Andrew Romine of the Detroit Tigers in the top of the 9th inning, resulting in a pop-fly out to retire the inning. He was outrighted to AAA on November 6, 2017.

On January 22, 2018, Gimenez signed a minor league deal with the Chicago Cubs.
He made his debut with the team on May 28, 2018, with a single in his first at-bat against the Pittsburgh Pirates. On July 4, 2018, the Cubs designated him for assignment.

On August 30, 2018, Gimenez and cash were traded back to the Twins in exchange for Bobby Wilson.

Coaching
After the 2018 season, he retired from playing to take on the role of Game Planning Coach for the Los Angeles Dodgers.

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
People from Gilroy, California
Baseball players from Santa Clara County, California
Major League Baseball catchers
Cleveland Indians players
Seattle Mariners players
Tampa Bay Rays players
Texas Rangers players
Minnesota Twins players
Chicago Cubs players
Nevada Wolf Pack baseball players
Mahoning Valley Scrappers players
Lake County Captains players
Kinston Indians players
Akron Aeros players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Columbus Clippers players
Tacoma Rainiers players
Durham Bulls players
Round Rock Express players
Surprise Rafters players
Scottsdale Scorpions players
Leones del Caracas players
American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
Águilas Cibaeñas players
American expatriate baseball players in the Dominican Republic
Frisco RoughRiders players
Iowa Cubs players
Los Angeles Dodgers coaches
Gilroy High School alumni
Anchorage Bucs players


Vikrom Aisiri is a Thai businessman and politician. Aisiri is the Thai senator from Ranong province. His business holdings include the VES Group, Phuket Airlines, Andaman Club, a casino cum golf resort on Thahtay Kyun Island in Burma and Dusit Island Resort in Chiang Rai. A publicity shy millionaire with a family business background in construction, Aisiri built his personal fortune as Chairman of the VES Group. VES is a major investor in Burma with interests in its main industries of logging, gem mining, pearl farming, commercial fishing and tourism. The group is also rumored to be building a four star hotel in Ranong for overnight stay of tourists on their way to the Andaman Club. He is also known for his close ties with the State Peace and Development Council, the ruling military junta in Burma. Aisiri is also reported to be one of the promoters of Timor Air.

He is the owner of the legendary Norwegian coastal steamer "Kong Olav" named after King Olav V, and has become very unpopular in Norway after refusing to sell the ship back to its original country to become a veteran/museum ship.
Aisiri's eccentric antics reportedly made rescue of the derelict ship impossible, and it is now in a state of disrepair.

He is a recipient of the Knight Grand Cross (First Class) of the Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand. He is a commerce graduate of Chulalongkorn University.

References

External links
Phuket Air
Andaman Club

Vikrom Aisiri
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Fransiskushjelpen is a Catholic charitable organisation in Norway, founded in by Brita Collett Paus in 1956.  Its administration headquarters are in Oslo, at St. Hallvard's Church and Monastery.

The organisation, connected to the Franciscan order, provide help to the seriously ill and dying people and to people in need, regardless of religious beliefs.

See also
 Catholic Charities

External links
  Fransiskushjelpen

Medical and health organisations based in Norway
Catholic charities
Health charities
Charities based in Norway
Catholicism in Norway
Christian organizations established in 1956
Order of Friars Minor


The 1969 Rothmans 12 Hour Classic was an endurance motor race for production cars held at the Surfers Paradise International Raceway in Queensland, Australia on 5 January 1969. It was the first of two such races to be held at the circuit.

The race was won by Bill Gates and Jim Bertram driving a Ford XT Falcon GT.

Classes
Cars competed in five classes based on the retail price of the vehicle in Australian Dollars.

Results

References

Further reading
 The Australian racing history of Ford, 1989
 Family Sedan Battle, The Courier Mail, Monday, 6 January 1969, page 1
 Stewart Wilson, The official racing history of Holden, 1988, pages 61 & 331
 Ford Scores at Surfer's 12 Hour, Australian Motor Manual, March 1969, page 27

Motorsport at Surfers Paradise International Raceway
Rothmans 12 Hour Classic
January 1969 sports events in Australia


The Pakistan Mint () is a Pakistani coin press located in Shalimar Town, Lahore, Pakistan. It is the oldest mint located in Pakistan. It is governed by the State Bank of Pakistan.

The mint has been in operation since 1942. Currency denominations of 1, 2, 5 and are currently minted there. Previously 10 rupee coin was also minted here.

Pakistan Mint has residential quarters, shops and recreational parks located within the vicinity. It is located opposite of Mapco Corp. on Grand Trunk Road. Pakistan Mint has been manufacturing not only coins or currency for the state but also medals and awards for the Military Armed Forces, postal seals and stamps.

In 2010, the Pakistani government began plans to modernize and upgrade the mint. Plans include replacing obsolete machinery to increase productivity, quality and output-effectiveness. Plans also include boosting qualifications and expertise of the mint's employees.

References

Mints (currency)
State Bank of Pakistan
1942 establishments in British India
Government agencies established in 1942


James William Hayter (born 14 August 1978) is an English former rugby union player who played as a hooker. Born in Plymouth, he attended the University of Liverpool, during which time he played for Orrell. After graduating in 1999, he signed for Coventry, where he attracted the attention of several Premiership clubs, including Harlequins. He signed for Harlequins in 2001, but was out of the game with a foot injury for the first 19 months of his time there. He remained at Harlequins for a total of six years before joining the Llanelli Scarlets on a short-term contract in 2007. At the end of the 2007–08 season, he was allowed to leave the Welsh region and was quickly signed up by Esher. However, shortly after joining Esher, he left the club to pursue a career outside rugby in the United States.

Early life
Born in Plymouth, Devon, Hayter attended the University of Liverpool, where he achieved a BA degree in Economic and Social History, graduating in 1999.

Career
While attending the University of Liverpool, Hayter began his professional rugby career with nearby Orrell, where he spent three seasons. After graduation, Hayter had the option of moving to Cambridge University or signing for professional rugby clubs Coventry and Saracens; he preferred the option of going professional, but because of the number of hookers already on Saracens' books, he opted to play full-time with Coventry, where he would be coached by his England Under-21s coach, Keith Richardson. Saracens' manager at the time, Mark Evans, became chief executive at Harlequins in 2000, and made an approach to sign Hayter in April 2001. However, soon after signing, Hayter suffered a foot injury that ruled him out for the entirety of the 2001–02 season.

After 19 months out of the game, Hayter made his debut for Harlequins on 10 May 2003, playing in a 25–21 away win over London Wasps in the Zurich Premiership. Hayter played for Harlequins for another four years, and in 2007 he was selected to play for the Barbarians invitational team against the national teams of Tunisia and Spain. However, that summer he was released from his contract with Harlequins and was picked up by the Llanelli Scarlets in July 2007. Hayter was signed by the Scarlets as cover for first-choice hooker Matthew Rees, who was on international duty with Wales at the 2007 Rugby World Cup, but in injury to back-up hooker Ken Owens meant that Hayter was kept on longer than intended and given the opportunity to make the number 2 jersey at the Scarlets his own.

However, after the arrival of Mahonri Schwalger at the West Wales region, Hayter was deemed surplus to requirements and was one of four players released by the Scarlets at the end of the 2007–08 season. He was subsequently signed by Esher of National Division One. However, his stay with Esher was short-lived as he took up a business position outside of rugby in the United States shortly after the start of the 2008–09 season.

References

1978 births
Living people
Coventry R.F.C. players
English rugby union players
Esher RFC players
Harlequin F.C. players
People educated at King Edward VI School, Stratford-upon-Avon
Rugby union hookers
Rugby union players from Plymouth, Devon
Scarlets players


Autheuil is the name or part of the name of the following communes in France:

 Autheuil, Eure-et-Loir, in the Eure-et-Loir department
 Autheuil, Orne, in the Orne department
 Autheuil-Authouillet, in the Eure department
 Autheuil-en-Valois, in the Oise department

See also
 Auteuil (disambiguation)


Andaman Club is a five-star island casino and golf resort in Burma. It is located on 730 ha (1,800 acres) of Thahtay Kyun Island within the Mergui Archipelago in the Andaman Sea. Directly adjacent to Ranong, in the south of Thailand and to King Bayint Nbung (formerly Victoria Point) is a region famous for its gems, pearls, flora and fauna. The pier is  from the Ranong city centre and it takes 20 minutes to cross the Andaman Sea to the island resort. It is owned and operated by the VES Group of Thailand, under a long-term concession from the Burmese government.

In 2016, Andaman Club is operated by Grand Andaman Travel. It is said to have ownership transfer from VES group to a Burmease/Thai name Kyaw Lwin.

Included
Its facilities include a 205-room hotel, an 18-hole golf course designed by Jack Nicklaus, a casino, a water sports and scuba facility, a zoo, a fitness centre, a discothèque-cum-karaoke club, restaurants, a bar lounge, a 24-hour café, a business centre and duty-free shopping.

External links
Grand Andaman Hotel

References

Sports venues in Myanmar
Golf clubs and courses in Myanmar
Golf clubs and courses designed by Jack Nicklaus
Resorts in Myanmar
Hotels in Myanmar


David Huggins Wallace (born October 17, 1979 in Brentwood, Tennessee), is a former American professional baseball catcher. He was the manager of the Eastern Leagues's Akron RubberDucks, the AA level minor-league affiliate of then Cleveland Indians.  He was also the catching coordinator within then Indians system.

From 1998 to 2000, Wallace was a two-sport athlete at Vanderbilt University, playing both football, as a backup quarterback, and baseball, as a catcher.  Wallace decided to concentrate on baseball in 2001, and did not play football.  From 2002 to 2008, Wallace played in Minor League Baseball with the Mahoning Valley Scrappers, Lake County Captains, Kinston Indians, Akron Aeros, Buffalo Bisons all within the then Cleveland Indians' farm system. He also played for the Columbus Clippers then affiliated with the Washington Nationals.

External links

References

1979 births
Living people
Akron Aeros players
Kinston Indians players
Lake County Captains players
Mahoning Valley Scrappers players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Columbus Clippers players
Vanderbilt Commodores baseball players
Major League Baseball coaches
Lake County Captains managers


Auxy is the name or part of the name of the following communes in France:

 Auxy, Loiret, in the Loiret department
 Auxy, Saône-et-Loire, in the Saône-et-Loire department
 Saint-Martin-d'Auxy, in the Saône-et-Loire department

It may also refer to:

Auxy: Beat Studio, a music sequencer app for the Apple iPad


Marco Aurelio Zani de Ferranti (23 December 1801 – November 1878) was an Italian classical guitarist and composer.

Biography
Zani de Ferranti was born in Bologna. He began on the violin, but switched to guitar at age 16. In 1820, he moved to Paris  and later to Saint Petersburg, before settling in Belgium. He later toured in France, England, Italy, and the United States. Although praised by Hector Berlioz in 1859, as well as by Rossini and Paganini, Zani de Ferranti found the 1850s to be a period of decline and financial difficulty. He died in Pisa. His son, Giulio Cesare Ziani de Ferranti (who changed his family name from Zani de Ferranti to Ziani de Ferranti), moved from Belgium to Liverpool, where he became a portrait photographer, setting up a studio with father-in-law, the portrait artist William Scott. Giulio Cesare's son, the inventor Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti, established the electronic engineering firm Ferranti in the family name.

Sources

External links

Publications
The King's guitarist: The life and times of Marco Aurelio Zani de Ferranti by Marcus G.S. Van de Cruys (, )
Zani de Ferranti – a biography by Simon Wynberg (Chanterelle, ECH914)

Sheet music
Rischel & Birket-Smith's Collection of guitar music 1 Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Denmark
George C. Krick Collection of Guitar Music Washington University

1801 births
1878 deaths
Italian classical guitarists
Italian male guitarists
Italian classical composers
Italian male classical composers
Italian Romantic composers
Musicians from Bologna
Composers for the classical guitar
19th-century classical composers
19th-century Italian male musicians
19th-century guitarists


Rule Breaker, The Rule Breaker, or rulebreaker may refer to:

 Rulebreaker, a 2016 album from Primal Fear
 "Rule Breaker", a song by Ashlee Simpson from Bittersweet World, 2008
 The Genius: Rule Breaker, the second season the South Korean reality show The Genius
 Rule Breaker: Destroyer of all Talismans, the talisman of Caster, a character in the adult visual novel Fate/stay night
 "The Rule Breaker", a season 2 episode of I Married a Mobster
 Rule Breaker, a 2014 novel by Lora Leigh
 Rulebreaker Award, awarded by Billboard Women in Music


The Frederick Funston-class attack transport was a class of two US Navy attack transports. They saw service in World War II and later in the Korean War.

Attack transports were a special type of transport ship designed to transport troops and their equipment over long distances to hostile shores, and then execute an amphibious invasion at the destination, using an array of smaller integral assault boats. Like all attack transports, the Frederick Funston class was generously armed with antiaircraft weaponry to protect itself and its vulnerable cargo of troops from air attack in the battle zone.

History

The class derives its name from US Army General Frederick Funston, a veteran of the Philippine–American War and Medal of Honor recipient. The two ships of the Frederick Funston class were based on the Maritime Commission's ubiquitous Type C3 hull (specifically Type C3-S-A1). They began their service lives as transport ships for the US Army, but after several months of service in this role they were acquired by the US Navy and reclassified attack transports. It is not known whether they underwent any modifications for their new role.

There is no mention of cargo space in the DANFS entries, so it is not known how much cargo the vessels carried. The class carried a larger number of troops than most attack transports—2,200 as opposed to the 1,200 to 1,500 of most other APA's.

In service
The Frederick Funstons participated in the Mediterranean Theatre, taking part in the invasions of Salerno and Italy, and later in the Pacific Theatre. After the war, they were decommissioned and returned to the US Army, when they were redesignated USAT (US Army Transport). In the 1950s the ships were reacquired by the Navy and reclassified T-AP. Both of them then went on to serve in the Korean War - mostly on transport missions.

James O'Hara was struck from the Naval Register in 1961. Both vessels were scrapped in 1968-69.

References
See the DANFS entries for the individual ships: USS Frederick Funston (APA-89) and USS James O'Hara (APA-90).

Auxiliary transport ship classes


Avillers is the name or part of the name of the following communes in France:

 Avillers, Meurthe-et-Moselle, in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department
 Avillers, Vosges, in the Vosges department
 Avillers-Sainte-Croix, in the Meuse department


Brita Lucie Collett Paus (3 July 1917 Salsbruket, Norway – 28 June 1998, Oslo, Norway) was a Norwegian humanitarian leader and the founder of Fransiskushjelpen, a Catholic charitable organisation in Norway. She led the organisation from 1956 until 1993.

She converted to Catholicism from Lutheranism in 1950, and served as chair of the Laity Council of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo, as board member of Caritas in Norway from 1965 and member of governmental committees.

She was married to orthopedic surgeon Bernhard Paus, the Grand Master of the Norwegian Order of Freemasons. Their daughter Lucie Paus Falck became a politician.

She was the daughter of landowner Axel Collett and Lucie Trozelli Krefting, and a member of the Collett family.

Honours
St. Hallvard Medal, 1975
Knight First Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav, 1976
Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice, 1976
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Torstein Dale Memorial Prize (Norwegian Red Cross)
Rotary International's Paul Harris Fellow Award

References

Literature
''Maria Giæver: Fransiskushjelpen: Help, relieve, be present. Holm & Tangen Publishing, 2006.

Norwegian people of English descent
Norwegian Roman Catholics
Converts to Roman Catholicism from Lutheranism
Brita
Brita Collett
1917 births
1998 deaths


A political constitution is a constitution where the legislature is the main check upon executive power. It can be contrasted to a legal constitution, where it is the judiciary which provides the greater checks upon government. In many countries both political and legal checks will be used to control the government.

References

External links
Political v Legal constitutionism

Political terminology


Adam Eustace (born 9 January 1979 in Gloucester, England) is an English rugby union footballer. A former pupil of St Peter's High School in Gloucester, his regular position is as a lock. He re-signed to Gloucester Rugby in the summer of 2008, having been released by the Scarlets. During his first spell at Gloucester he started in the 2003 Powergen Cup Final in which Gloucester defeated Northampton Saints.

Eustace was called up to train with the senior England squad in October 2000 but was ultimately never capped at that level.

References

External links
Gloucester profile
Scarlets profile

1979 births
Living people
English rugby union players
Rugby union locks
Gloucester Rugby players
Scarlets players
Northampton Saints players
Rugby union players from Gloucester
People educated at St Peter's High School, Gloucester


Avoine is the name of the following communes in France:

 Avoine, Indre-et-Loire, in the Indre-et-Loire department
 Avoine, Orne, in the Orne department


Désirée Lucienne Lisbeth Dulcie Day OBE RDI FCSD (née Conradi; 5 January 1917 – 30 January 2010) was one of the most influential British textile designers of the 1950s and 1960s. Day drew on inspiration from other arts to develop a new style of abstract pattern-making in post-war British textiles, known as ‘Contemporary’ design. She was also active in other fields, such as wallpapers, ceramics and carpets.

Childhood
Born in Coulsdon, Surrey, England, and raised in nearby Croydon, Lucienne Day was half-Belgian, the daughter of an English mother (Dulcie Conradi) and a Belgian father (Felix Conradi), who worked as a re-insurance broker. Initially educated at home, she attended Woodford School in Croydon from 1926–9 and a boarding school at the Convent of Notre Dame de Sion in Worthing, Sussex, from 1929 to 1934.

At the age of 17 Lucienne enrolled at Croydon School of Art, where she developed her interest in printed textiles. She went on to specialise in this field at the Royal College of Art, where she studied from 1937 to 1940. During her second year she was sent on a two-month placement to the firm Sanderson, where she worked in the company's large wallpaper studio. However, as Lesley Jackson notes: “The reality of working in a factory was an eye-opener for Day, who, with her growing taste for modern design, found it hard to adapt to the conservative style of the company.”

Marriage and early career

In March 1940, during her final year at the RCA, Lucienne met her future husband, furniture designer Robin Day, who shared her enthusiasm for modern design. Following their marriage on 5 September 1942, the couple set up home at 33 Markham Square in Chelsea, London, furnishing their flat with Lucienne's hand-printed textiles and Robin's hand-made furniture.

Due to wartime constraints on textile manufacturing, Lucienne was unable to pursue her career as a designer for several years. In the interim she taught at Beckenham School of Art, but as soon as the war was over she began practising as a freelance textile designer. Initially the main openings were in the field of dress fabrics, where her clients included Stevenson & Sons, Argand, Pasman Fabrics, Silkella, Horrockses and Cavendish Textiles.

In the longer term Lucienne's aim was to design furnishing fabrics, so she crossed over into this area at the earliest opportunity. Her first significant client was the Edinburgh Weavers, who produced two screen-printed furnishing fabrics in 1949. Shortly afterwards, she was commissioned to design a stylised floral by Heal's Wholesale and Export (later known as Heal Fabrics), the textile-producing subsidiary of the London department store Heal & Son. This fabric, Fluellin (1950), marked the start of her long relationship with Heal's, which lasted until 1974.

In 1952, Day and her husband moved into a Victorian-era house in London at 49 Cheyne Walk in Chelsea. Day transformed the interiors into a model of ‘Contemporary’ design and the house was featured in several magazines. The ground floor served as the Days’ joint studio for almost five decades.

Beginning in 1962, around the same time she began working as a design consultant for John Lewis Partnership, Lucienne Day was made a faculty member at the Royal Designers for Industry. Between 1987-1989 Day became the first woman Master of Faculty. Five years after teaching Day began focusing on her works with printed fabrics and wallpaper designs.

Festival of Britain and Calyx

The Festival of Britain, a landmark exhibition held on London's South Bank in 1951, proved a decisive turning point in Lucienne Day's career. Seizing the opportunity to showcase her talents, she created several textiles and wallpapers which were displayed in various room settings in the Homes and Gardens Pavilion. Her most famous design, Calyx, was created as a furnishing fabric for an interior designed by her husband Robin Day. Hand screen printed on linen in lemon yellow, orangey-red and black on an olive-coloured ground, Calyx was a large-scale abstract pattern composed of cup-shaped motifs connected by spindly lines, which conjured up the aesthetic of modern painters and sculptors, such as Alexander Calder and Paul Klee.

Although Heal's were initially sceptical about Calyx, it proved a success, selling in large quantities over many years. Also exhibited at the Milan Triennale in 1951, where it won a Gold Medal, this design generated a new school of pattern-making which became known as the 'Contemporary' style. Calyx was widely emulated by other designers both at home and abroad.

Lucienne also designed three wallpapers for the Festival of Britain: Provence, block printed by John Line & Son, and Stella and Diabolo, screen printed by Cole & Son.

Textile designs of the 1950s and 1960s

Following the success of Calyx, Lucienne Day was commissioned by Tom Worthington, Heal Fabrics’ managing director, to design up to six new furnishing fabrics each year. Over the course of their 25-year partnership, Lucienne created more than seventy designs for Heal's. Although she designed for other firms as well during this period, her textiles for Heal's form the core of her creative opus and include a string of patterns which typify the forward-looking post-war era, such as Dandelion Clocks (1953), Spectators (1953), Graphica (1953), Ticker Tape (1953), Trio (1954), Herb Antony (1956) and Script (1956).

At this date Lucienne's textiles were characterised by energetic rhythms and a spidery, doodle-like graphic style. Although apparently spontaneous, however, her designs displayed considerable technical skill, particularly their colourways and repeats. She began working with abstract designs in textiles and helped popularize this textile style in England. As well as pure abstracts, she often created stylised organic patterns incorporating motifs such as skeletal leaves, spindly stems, feathery seed heads and butterflies.

Later in the decade, responding to new artistic trends such as abstract expressionism and the architectural fashion for floor-to-ceiling picture windows, Lucienne's designs for Heal's became more overtly painterly and much larger in scale. Dramatic full-width patterns, such as Sequoia (1959) and Larch (1961), both featuring trees, and rugged textural abstracts such as Ducatoon (1959) and Cadenza (1961), reflect a significant evolution in style.

During the 1960s Lucienne adopted brighter colours and simpler forms of expression. As well as crisp flat florals, such as High Noon (1965), Pennycress (1966) and Poinsettia (1966), redolent of Flower Power, she developed a series of striking geometrics, including Apex (1967), Causeway (1968) and Sunrise (1969), which evoke parallels with Op Art.

Although Heal Fabrics were her principal client, Lucienne also designed textiles for Liberty's and British Celanese, whose acetate rayon fabrics were marketed by Sanderson during the mid 1950s. She also renewed her earlier associations with Edinburgh Weavers and Cavendish Textiles. Her dress fabrics for the latter were sold through the John Lewis Partnership.

Another important client during this period was the firm of Thomas Somerset, for whom Lucienne designed tea towels and table linen. Whereas her tablecloths and napkins were minimalist, her tea towels were playful, particularly designs such as Jack Sprat and Too Many Cooks (1959).

Wallpapers, ceramics and carpets

After venturing into the field of wallpapers at the Festival of Britain, Lucienne Day continued to design wallpapers for the rest of the decade.  Keen to reach a wider market, she teamed up with the progressive Lightbown Aspinall branch of the Wall Paper Manufacturers Ltd, whose products were collectively marketed under the tradename Crown. Although targeted specifically at architects, Lucienne's small-scale abstracts were available to the general public for domestic use. Being machine-printed rather than hand-printed meant that they were much more affordable than her previous wallpapers for John Line and Cole and Son.

Lucienne's partnership with the German company Rasch, who promoted her wallpapers as part of their international artists’ range, gave her access to a European audience. Printed in just one or two colours with a deliberately restricted palette, her wallpaper designs were quieter and more recessive than her textiles, with smaller motifs and simpler compositions.

Carpets were another field in which Lucienne was extremely active during the 1950s and 1960s, collaborating with three leading British firms: Wilton Royal, Tomkinsons and I. & C. Steele. Her first carpet design – a mosaic-like pattern called Tesserae, produced by Tomkinsons – won a Design Centre Award in 1957. As colour consultant to Wilton Royal, Lucienne selected the colourways for their Architects Range and in 1964 produced her own collection of bold geometric designs. Her 1960s carpets for Steele's Studio 3 collection were also intended for contract use.

Today it is common practice for designers to work internationally, but during the post-war period this was quite rare. One of Lucienne's European clients was the German ceramics company Rosenthal. She designed a series of tableware patterns for Rosenthal from 1957 onwards and later joined the panel of international artists who oversaw Rosenthal's Studio Line.

Design collaborations and consultancy work

Day and her husband shared a studio, but undertook few formal collaborations, apart from their consultancy work for BOAC and the John Lewis Partnership.

As joint design consultants to the British Overseas Airways Corporation from 1961 to 1967, the Days designed interiors for various aircraft, including the VC10 and the Super VC10. As well as selecting fabrics, carpets, paint colours and laminates, Lucienne designed patterns for the bulkheads and window surrounds.

As joint design consultants at the John Lewis Partnership from 1962 to 1987, the Days oversaw the introduction of a comprehensive new ‘house style’ affecting every aspect of the company's design, from interiors to stationery and packaging. After being rolled out across JLP's network of department stores, a similar scheme was developed for the expanding network of Waitrose supermarkets.

Silk mosaics and later career

In 1975 Lucienne Day decided to withdraw from industrial design. Many of her long-established contacts had recently retired and she no longer felt in tune with prevailing styles. Seeking a new outlet for her creativity, she developed a new art form: one-off silk mosaic wall hangings. Designed using graph paper, they were constructed from small strips or squares of dyed silk, stitched together, hence the name silk mosaics. Vibrantly coloured, these hangings – some abstract, others with stylised motifs such as signs of the zodiac – were exhibited during the 1980s and 1990s at venues such as the National Theatre in London and the Röhsska Museum in Gothenburg.

Although the silk mosaic format was more restrictive than her earlier textile patterns, Lucienne relished the challenge of working within this self-imposed discipline, experimenting freely with the interplay of colour. Through commissions for specific interiors, such as Aspects of the Sun, a large composite hanging created in 1990 for the new John Lewis store at Kingston, she was able to engage with architecture more directly and ambitiously than ever before. Originally created for the café, Aspects of the Sun was re-hung in another part of the building in September 2016.

After moving to 21 West Street, Chichester, Sussex, in 2000, Lucienne Day officially retired. Plants had long been the inspiration for many of her designs. In later life she actively pursued her interest in botany and her love of gardening. She died on 30 January 2010 at the age of 93.

Awards
Throughout her career, Lucienne Day won many awards, including a Gold Medal for Calyx at the Milan Triennale in 1951 and a Citation of Merit from the American Institute of Decorators in 1952. In 1954, four of her Heal's fabrics (Ticker Tape, Linear, Spectators and Graphica) won a Gran Premio at the Milan Triennale.

In 1957 she won a Design Centre Award from the Council of Industrial Design for her Tesserae carpet for Tomkinsons, the first of three awards. Her second was for three tea towels for Thomas Somerset – Black Leaf, Bouquet Garni and Too Many Cooks – in 1960. Her third came in 1968 for her Chrevron furnishing fabric for Heal Fabrics.

In 1962, Lucienne Day was made a Royal Designer for Industry (RDI), an appointment which, according to the Royal Society of Arts, honours designers who have achieved "sustained excellence in aesthetic and efficient design for industry." At that date she was only the fifth woman to be made an RDI, and she later served as the first female Master of the Faculty of Royal Designers for Industry from 1987–9. In 2004, she was awarded an OBE.

Style and influences
Lucienne Day's early textiles were inspired by her love of modern art, especially the abstract paintings of Paul Klee and Joan Miró. Reflecting on recent trends in textiles in 1957, Lucienne observed: “In the very few years since the end of the war, a new style of furnishing fabrics has emerged…. I suppose the most noticeable thing about it has been the reduction in popularity of patterns based on floral motifs and the replacement of these by non-representational patterns – generally executed in clear bright colours, and inspired by the modern abstract school of painting.”

However, although abstraction was the dominant idiom in her work, Lucienne also perpetuated the English tradition of patterns based on plant forms, often incorporating stylised motifs derived from nature, such as leaves, flowers, twigs and seedpods. After dabbling in painterly, textural abstraction during the early 1960s, she experimented with hard-edged, multi-layered geometric designs composed of squares, circles, diamonds and stripes during the mid to late 1960s. Stylised florals and arboreal designs remained recurrent motifs until the mid 1970s.

Lucienne Day believed that good design should be affordable and in 2003, she told The Scotsman newspaper that she had been "very interested in modern painting although I didn't want to be a painter. I put my inspiration from painting into my textiles, partly because I suppose I was very practical. I still am. I wanted the work I was doing to be seen by people and to be used by people. They had been starved of interesting things for their homes in the war years, either textiles or furniture."

Legacy
Lucienne Day enjoyed a long career spanning six decades. Her post-war textiles are particularly well-known. As Lesley Jackson noted in 2010: "Her playful patterns capture the ebullience and optimism of the early 1950s, when all the pent up creative energy of the war years was unleashed in a flood of joyous creativity… Attuned to the needs of both architects and homemakers, and skilled at creating patterns for different media, Lucienne was pre-eminent in many fields of interior design."

Lucienne Day's post-war achievements were first brought to attention in a major international exhibition called The New Look: Design in the Fifties at Manchester City Art Gallery in 1991. A wide-ranging solo exhibition was held at the Whitworth Art Gallery in Manchester in 1993, curated by Dr Jennifer Harris, author of the accompanying monograph Lucienne Day: A Career in Design. In 2001 Lucienne and Robin Day's work was featured in a joint retrospective at the Barbican Art Gallery, London, the largest gathering of their work to date. This exhibition was accompanied by a book by design historian and curator Lesley Jackson called Robin and Lucienne Day – Pioneers of Contemporary Design (Mitchell Beazley, 2001), which documented the couple's careers in detail and traced the evolution of their styles.

A posthumous exhibition featuring the Days’ work called Robin and Lucienne Day: Design and the Modern Interior, was held in Spring 2011 at Pallant House Gallery in Chichester. Lucienne Day's work is held in many public collections, but the two principal repositories are The Whitworth Art Gallery, University of Manchester, and the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, where selected archive material is also held in the Archive of Art and Design.

The Robin and Lucienne Day Foundation, established by the designers’ daughter Paula Day in 2012, provides educational information about the Days through events and publications, including a website. The Foundation celebrated Lucienne Day's centenary year in 2017 by co-ordinating a nationwide programme of events highlighting different aspects of her career. The two main exhibitions were Lucienne Day: A Sense of Growth curated by Jennifer Harris at The Whitworth Art Gallery, which focused on her plant-inspired textiles, and the Arts University Bournemouth exhibition Lucienne Day: Living Design, which celebrated Lucienne Day's design legacy in a display of archive photographs and current reissues of her work. The Victoria and Albert Museum launched a Lucienne Day Online Collection.

The Foundation now regulates reissues of the Days’ designs. Current licencees of Lucienne Day's designs include Classic Textiles (furnishing fabrics originally produced by Heal Fabrics), twentytwentyone (tea towels originally produced by Thomas Somerset), John Lewis (dress and furnishing fabrics originally produced by Cavendish Textiles), Bookroom Art Press (prints originally produced as tea towels), 1882 Ltd (ceramic 'flower bricks' originally produced by Bristol Pottery) and Alternative Flooring (carpets originally produced by Wilton Royal). See external links below.

References

Further reading

External links
Robin and Lucienne Day Foundation: Lives and Designs
Design Museum, London: Robin and Lucienne Day
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online: Lucienne Day
Royal Society of Arts: Royal Designers for Industry
Science Museum, London: Making the Modern World: Lucienne Day
The Whitworth, University of Manchester: Collections, Lucienne Day
Victoria and Albert Museum: Collections, Lucienne Day
Victoria and Albert Museum: Lucienne Day – an introduction
Design on Screen: Contemporary Days
Classic Textiles: Textiles by Lucienne Day
twentytwentyone: Tea towels by Lucienne Day
John Lewis: Textiles and Cushions by Lucienne Day
Bookroom Art Press: Prints by Lucienne Day
Alternative Flooring: Authentic Lucienne
Wallpaper* Magazine: Lucienne Day Centenerary Floral Exhibition

2010 deaths
1917 births
Alumni of Croydon College
Alumni of the Royal College of Art
British textile designers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Our Lady of Sion School
Royal Designers for Industry


Kathryn Hendley (born 1958) is an American professor of law and politics, and is currently the William Voss-Bascom Professor of Law and Political Science at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Hendley received her Ph.D. the University of California - Berkeley and her J.D. from the University of California - Los Angeles.  Hendley's research focuses on legal and economic reform in the former Soviet Union.  She is currently engaged in an inter-disciplinary project aimed at understanding how business is conducted in Russia and the role of law in business transactions and corporate governance. This project has been funded by the World Bank, the National Science Foundation, and the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research. She teaches Contracts, as well as courses related to her interest in Russia, such as Russian Law, International Business Transactions, Comparative Law, and Transitions to the Market. She has served as a consultant to the U.S. Agency for International Development and the World Bank in their work on legal reform in Russia. Professor Hendley is a former Director of University of Wisconsin–Madison's Center for Russia, East Europe and Central Asia, which receives Title VI funding from the U.S. Department of Education.

References

American legal scholars
1958 births
Living people
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty


The Buckingham Friends Meeting House is a historic Quaker meeting house at 5684 Lower York Road (U.S. Route 202) in Buckingham Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.  Built in 1768 in a "doubled" style, it is nationally significant as a model for many subsequent Friends Meeting Houses.  It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2003.

History
The first meeting house on the site was built from logs in 1705–1708 by English Quakers, some of the earliest settlers in the area. The second meetinghouse was a wooden frame building. The third was a stone building built sometime around 1731. Remnants of some of these buildings, especially stone mounting blocks used to help mount horses, are scattered around the property.

A stone schoolhouse was built to the east of the meetinghouse in 1798, and forms the nucleus of the current Buckingham Friends School. The current building was completed in 1768 and was the first of the doubled type meeting houses that became the standard form of Quaker meeting house for the next 100 years.

Earlier meeting houses were generally single-cell structures, that were often divided by a partition into two unequally sized for separate men's and women's business meetings. Men and women met together for worship and were separated for business meetings. Buckingham's design is a two-cell symmetrical form with roughly equal-sized sections.

After this change in design, men and women would sit on separate sides of the partition for both worship and business meetings, with the partition closed only during business meetings. Around this time, written Quaker discipline became more standardized, which may have encouraged the two-cell form as a uniform meeting house design. In particular, marrying a non-Quaker became grounds for disownment or being "read out of the meeting." Since marriage was in the purview of the women's business meeting, their business meeting acquired a higher status and needed increased space.

The use of the Buckingham Meeting House as a model began within a few years of its completion. In New Jersey at least five meeting houses were built in the doubled style by 1788, with several being designed by committees who travelled to see the Meeting House.

The Quaker ideal of simplicity was perhaps ignored by the Buckingham Meeting House's Georgian architectural design, which may reflect the affluence of the Buckingham Quakers.

See also
Horsham Friends Meeting
List of National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places listings in Bucks County, Pennsylvania

References

External links

SAH Archipedia Building Entry

Quaker meeting houses in Pennsylvania
National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
1705 establishments in Pennsylvania
Churches in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Historic American Buildings Survey in Pennsylvania
18th-century Quaker meeting houses
National Register of Historic Places in Bucks County, Pennsylvania


Vernian Process is an American band formed in San Francisco in 2003.  Taking its name from the works of 19th century author Jules Verne, Vernian Process is a band that creates music themed around Victorian scientific romance and its modern counterpart steampunk. Their sound is a fusion of modern and old-world styles including gothic-rock darkwave, progressive rock, neoclassical, trip hop, ragtime, and other related genres.  The band consists of vocalist Joshua A. Pfeiffer, and multi-instrumentalists Martín Irigoyen, Steven Farrell, and Vincent Van Veen.

Career
Pfeiffer began working on music under the name Vernian Process in the winter of 2003. He released a number of downloadable albums over the next 4 years, including 2004's Discovery and  2006's The Forgotten Age, before being approached by Irigoyen about joining forces to work on Behold the Machine.  From that point forward, Vernian Process evolved beyond a solo project.  Throughout 2009, as work on the album progressed, Vernian Process sought out additional members in order to play shows to support the upcoming release of Behold the Machine, as well as record new material for future albums.

Behold the Machine was released on October 1, 2010.

On November 11, 2010, they announced that their next album would be titled The Consequences Of Time Travel.

On June 27, 2011, Vernian Process released the first single from the new album, entitled "Something Wicked (That Way Went)."  The song was inspired by Ray Bradbury's similarly titled dark fantasy novel Something Wicked This Way Comes.  The song integrates tarantella and circus music styles with progressive rock and features a sampled calliope. It features Kyle Thomas and Unwoman as guest musicians.

On October 31, 2011, they released a special remix of "Behold the Machine" entitled "Behold the Machine (Factory Floor Mix)."  The remix incorporates EBM and industrial influences.

In October 2014, bassist Vincent Van Veen joined the project.

Press
Vernian Process has appeared in articles in media such as the UK publication Bizarre Magazine, and MTV during their coverage of the Steampunk genre.

Band members
 Joshua A. Pfeiffer - Vocals, songwriting
 Martín Irigoyen - Guitars, songwriting, various instruments, SFX
 Brian Figueroa - Guitars, keyboards
 Vincent Van Veen - Bass
 Steven Farrell - Keyboards, percussion

Live appearances
Live, Vernian Process is often joined by cellist Erica Mulkey, aka Unwoman.

Vernian Process has appeared at events performing with Attrition, Skinny Puppy, Front Line Assembly, and Faith and the Muse, Ravenwood Festival in Arkansas, and the Eccentrik Music Festival in Chapel Hill, North Carolina in 2008. In 2009 they appeared at a number of festivals, notably Steamcon in Seattle, Washington, Eccentrik Festival in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and The Endless Night Festival in New Orleans. In 2011, they performed across the West Coast at events such as Gaslight Gathering in San Diego, California; Maker Faire in San Mateo, California; and the Edwardian Ball in San Francisco, California. In 2012 they appeared alongside Thomas Dolby at the inaugural 'Steamstock' festival at the Craneway Pavilion in Richmond, California.

Other projects

Shades of Violet
As of 2008, Joshua, Martin, and Allison Curval have begun working together on the musical score for the steampunk themed videogame; "Shades of Violet: Song of the Clockwork Princess" for Imagineer Games.

Dirigible Days
In 2012, Vernian Process was commissioned to write the theme song for the newly released steampunk web series Dirigible Days. The resulting instrumental track, "New Horizons", was released as a single on August 13, 2012.

The edited version for the show's opening also features narration by Anthony Daniels, most famous for his work as the voice of C-3PO in the Star Wars film series.

The Getty
In February 2014, The J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, California launched a video they created with Vernian Process to promote their Victorian photography exhibition. It shows a trip to The Getty as a time traveling experience.

Profondo Delle Tenebre
In mid-2014, frontman Joshua Pfeiffer formed Profondo Delle Tenebre, a synthwave/Italo-Disco project inspired by the Italian Giallo horror genre. He was soon joined by Half Rats of fellow Steampunk band Ague, and  Vernian Process keyboardist Steven Farrell, as well as Vernian Process bandmate Martin Irigoyen. Operating under the pseudonyms Dario Bava, Mario Argento (after filmmakers Mario Bava and Dario Argento) and "The Shape", the first full-length album Esoterica was released in October 2015.

Profondo Delle Tenebre has also remixed tracks for San Francisco-based darkwave band Roadside Memorial and horror synth artist Nightcrawler.

Discography

Albums

 The Symphonic Collection (2007)
 The Cries of a Planet: A Tribute to Final Fantasy VII (2009)
 Sonic Symphony: An Orchestral Tribute to the Sega 16-Bit Games (2010)
 A Cursed Legacy: An Orchestral Tribute to the Music of Castlevania (2013)
 Beyond the End of Time: An Orchestral Tribute to Chrono Trigger (2013)
 Sonic Symphony: 25th Anniversary Remix (2016) (Credited to "Josh of Vernian Process")
 Castlevania: The Eternal Legacy (Vol. 1) 1986-1996 (2017)
 Sonic Symphony 2.0 (2018)
 The Consequences of Time Travel (TBA)

Singles
 Something Wicked (That Way Went) (2011)
 New Horizons (Dirigible Days Theme) (2012)
 ELEgy (2013)
 Fractured Memories (In the Looking Glass) (2016)
 La Solitude (2020)

EPs
 Steam Age Symphony (2003)
 Revolution (2005)

Compilations
 Catching Up With Vernian Process (2006)
 Catalysts (2006) - A Collection of cover versions
 Discovery of The Forgotten Age (2020) - A Collection of remastered early songs
 Before the Machine (2020) - A Collection of remastered early songs

See also
 List of steampunk works: Steampunk musicians

References

External links
 Vernian Process Official Site
 Interview with Sepiachord.com
 Interview with Dieselpunks.org

American gothic rock groups
Dark cabaret musicians
Musical groups from San Francisco
Steampunk music


Avricourt is the name of the following communes in France:

 Avricourt, Meurthe-et-Moselle, in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department
 Avricourt, Moselle, in the Moselle department
 Avricourt, Oise, in the Oise department


Einojuhani Rautavaara wrote his Piano Concerto No. 2 in 1989. The work is in three, linked movements, with the central slow movement longer than the outer movements combined. Although the work employs serial procedures, the style of piano writing is deeply rooted in the Romantic tradition combined with Rautavaara's idiosyncratic mysticism.

Movements
The concerto is in three linked movements, and plays for 20–25 minutes.
In Viaggio
Sognando e libero
Uccelli sulle passioni

Structure

The first movement (In Viaggio) opens with the pianist playing soft, rippling figurations, accompanied by fragmentary calls by woodwinds. The strings then introduce a passionate theme, but the piano soon takes over the theme, which rises higher and higher. The passionate strings re-enter, with rhythmic interjections from brass and percussion, and the music rises to a climax. The piano lunges into the lowest registers, linking into the slow movement (Sognando e libero).

The piano starts off solo with a simple melody with accompanying chords in the left hand, and the strings and woodwinds soon join in the peaceful repose. The piano exchanges dialogues with different instruments of the orchestra, but the music soon becomes agitated, leading into a central toccata-like episode, the music sometimes harsh, sometimes soft and bell-like. The agitation soon disperses and the initial tranquility is resumed with a reflective piano solo. Brass interjections, however, confer a sense of insecurity.

The last movement (Uccelli sulle passioni) opens with a subdued interplay between piano, castanets, and pizzicato strings. The rippling piano figurations and passionate string theme from the first movement return, with added "bird sounds" from the highest registers of the piano and also low woodwinds. The passion dissipates into silence after the clarinets give out their last "bird-calls".

Instrumentation

Recordings
Laura Mikkola (pianist), Netherlands Radio Symphony Orchestra, Eri Klas (conductor), Naxos (record company)
Ralf Gothoni (pianist), Leipzig Radio Symphony Orchestra, Max Pommer (conductor), Ondine (record company)

Compositions by Einojuhani Rautavaara
Rautavaara 02
1989 compositions


Raimon Escrivan was a Toulousain troubadour. He may be identified with the canon Raimundus Scriptor of Saint-Étienne in Toulouse or perhaps Raimon de Costiran, a victim of the Papal Inquisition at Avinhonet in 1242. His surname, Escrivan, means "writer" (Latin scriptor) and was commonly adopted by notaries at that time.

While trapped in the city during the Siege of Toulouse in 1218, he wrote a mock tenso between a trebuchet (trabuquet) and a siege engine called a "cat" (cata). Senhors, l'autrier vi ses falhida, as it begins, has been interpreted as cleverly disguised obscenity, but there is no reason not to take it at face value. During the siege a trebuchet was constructed by the citizens and successfully employed to destroy the besiegers' cat, just as the trabuquet of the poem defeats the cata. The Chanson de la Croisade Albigeoise contains a description of the siege (from a Toulousain viewpoint) which echoes the tenor of Escrivan's song.

Sources

Riquer, Martín de. Los trovadores: historia literaria y textos. 3 vol. Barcelona: Planeta, 1975.

People of the Albigensian Crusade
13th-century French troubadours
Writers from Toulouse


PMAT may refer to:

 Plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT)
 Four  phases of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
 Prophase: Chromatin into chromosomes, the nuclear envelope break down, chromosomes attach to spindle fibres by their centromeres.
 Metaphase: Chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate (centre of the cell).
 Anaphase: Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
 Telophase: Two new nuclear envelopes form, chromosomes unfold into chromatin, cytokinesis can begin.
 Cytokinesis: The process that finally splits the parent cell into two identical daughter cells.


People's Songs was an organization founded by Pete Seeger, Alan Lomax, Lee Hays, and others on December 31, 1945, in New York City, to "create, promote, and distribute songs of labor and the American people." The organization published a quarterly Bulletin from 1946 through 1950, featuring stories, songs and writings of People's singers members. People's Songs Bulletin served as a template for folk music magazines to come like Sing Out! and Broadside.

History
Seeger's work with the Almanac Singers and trips around the country playing banjo for Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) benefits and other progressive organizations in the 1940s cemented his beliefs that folk music could be an effective force for social change. He conceived creating an organization to better disseminate songs for political action to Labor and other progressive organizations around the country. These plans were put on hold as Seeger was drafted into the army during World War II. Upon his discharge from the Army in 1946, Seeger finally got a chance to realize his plans, and convened a group of interested people for a meeting in the basement of his in-laws' apartment in Greenwich Village. People's Songs' founding committee included several former members of the Almanac Singers and other notable members of the folk community in New York and included Woody Guthrie, Lee Hays, Horace Grenell, Anges "Sis" Cunningham, Burl Ives, Millard Lampell, Alan Lomax, Bess Lomax Hawes, Josh White. and Tom Glazer. Also attending the first meeting were, Jackie Gibson, Ronnie Gilbert, Irwin Silber and David Sear.  They elected Pete Seeger president and Lee Hays executive secretary and collected money to rent a small office located at 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY, which also housed shared a radical drama group Stage for Action. Corporate counsel was Joseph R. Brodsky.

The organization was loosely modeled as an American version Great Britain's Workers Music Association, founded 10 years earlier than People's Songs. It  published out a weekly newsletter with songs, articles, and announcements of Hootenannies and folk dances. It served as a clearing house for progressive entertainers. There were also occasional special issues with relevant songs on an as needed basis geared for specific rallies, strike, and court cases. Soon the booking agency became an offshoot: People's Artists.

People's Songs branched out into several satellite locations in addition to the New York offices. A yearly convention was held as a place to exchange ideas and play songs. The first People's Songs convention was held in 1947 in Chicago, and there was a branch in California headed by Mario Casetta, an army friend of Seeger's from Saipan, who became a key figure in the West Coast folk and world music scene.

In its first year People's Songs met with success, but this was a trying time for the labor movements in the United States, which had a significant Communist presence since its inception. After World War II, the Communist Party of the United States became much more dogmatic than formerly, and was indifferent to the use of folk music. There was also not much call for new organizing or singing in the streets, as established unions tried to consolidate their gains. In addition, there was a conservative majority in Congress, which opposed the labor movement altogether and was adamantly committed to maintaining racial segregation in the South. Eager to reverse the social legislation of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, it passed the Taft-Hartley act (over Harry S. Truman's veto). Some scholars believe that President Truman himself instituted loyalty oaths and mass firings, in order to preempt conservative criticism, control public opinion, and forestall any opposition to his Marshall Plan and to a military build-up from the left wing of his party. As the Red Scare gathered momentum, the House Un-American Activities Committee held hearings into supposed subversive activity in the entertainment industry. People's Songs began to falter financially. In 1948 it put all its resources into the presidential campaign of Henry A. Wallace, and when that failed everywhere but in New York City, People's Songs went bankrupt, although its booking agency, People's Artists, continued for a while. After the financial failure of People's Songs in 1948, Seeger and Silber put out an interim People's Songs newsletter and then went on to form the more durable Sing Out! magazine with a similar format.

The Newsletter

The People's Songs  was a small mimeographed magazine published quarterly from February 1946 to 1950.
The first issue of the People's Songs  was published February 1946 to a circulation of 3000 countrywide. Its musical editor was Waldemar Hille. The first issue featured a selection of seven Union songs widely ranging from traditional songs like Casey Jones, to standards by Joe Hill, to international songs from Spanish soldiers and new songs by contemporary folk musicians like Lee Hays and Woody Guthrie. This was a format the magazine would follow throughout its years of publication. The songs were numbered to maintain sequence from the first issue continuing through each issue, for example the first issue contained seven songs, and the first song in the second issue was numbered 8. People's Songs served as a template for folk music magazines to come like Sing Out and Broadside.

Contributors to People's Songs Newsletter
People's Songs contained a lot of written out sheet music, lyrics and tablature. It was an eclectic mix of traditional folk and union songs along with newly written pieces by contemporary folk musicians of the time. Some contributors include the following:

Moe Asch
Anges "Sis" Cunningham,
Tom Glazer
Woody Guthrie
Lee Hays
Waldemar Hille
Zilphia Horton
Burl Ives
Millard Lampell
Pete Seeger
Irwin Silber
Sonny Terry
Josh White

The entire backfile of People's Songs was microfilmed in the 1980s by Clearwater Publishing Inc. from Pete Seeger's personal copy, including his personal commentaries.  Clearwater Publishing (not related to the Sloop Clearwater) was acquired by Congressional Information Service in 1987, which was a subsidiary of Reed-Elsevier, an international publishing conglomerate.  In 2010 Reed-Elsevier sold all its microfilm titles, including People's Songs, Broadside magazine, and New City Songstore, a British folkmusic newsletter published by Peggy Seeger, to ProQuest/CSA.

References

Further reading
 Lieberman, Robbie. "My Song is My Weapon": People's Songs, American Communism, and the Politics of Culture, 1930 - 1950 Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989.
 The People's Song Library Collection, located at the Walter P. Reuther Library in Detroit. 1940–70, bulk 1940-55
The People's Song Library archival collection consists of songs collected by the Almanac Singers (1941–43); People's Songs, Inc. (1946–49); People's Artists, Inc. (1950–57); and Sing Out, Inc. (1958–70). Scores, songbooks, and lyrics by Aaron Copland, Woody Guthrie,  Joe Hill, Huddie ("Lead Belly") Ledbetter, Alan Lomax, Phil Ochs, Tom Paxton, Malvina Reynolds, Peggy and Pete Seeger, Josh White, and lesser-known and some anonymous authors dealing with civil rights, the Cuban Revolution, election songs of the 1940s, labor, pacifism, and war. Included are traditional folksongs and some of more recent vintage.

Music magazines published in the United States
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
Folk music magazines
Magazines established in 1946
Magazines disestablished in 1950
Music organizations based in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in New York City
Musical groups established in 1945
Woody Guthrie
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Magazines published in New York City


Avrillé is the name or part of the name of the following communes in France:

 Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, in the Maine-et-Loire department
 Avrillé, Vendée, in the Vendée department
 Avrillé-les-Ponceaux, in the Indre-et-Loire department


A legal constitution is a constitution where the judiciary form the greatest check upon the use of executive power. A legal constitution can be contrasted with a political constitution where political accountability is the greatest method of controlling government. In a legal constitution, methods of official review and the striking down of unconstitutional legislation may be used in order to control government power. Whether a move from a political to a legal constitution has occurred in the United Kingdom after the passing of the Human Rights Act has been debated by scholars, including Richard Paul Bellamy.

References

Political terminology


Lawrence High School is a school  public secondary school in Fairfield, Maine, United States. It is a part of the Maine School Administrative District (MSAD) 49 and is the district's only public high school.  Lawrence serves students from the four towns of Albion, Benton, Clinton, and Fairfield. It offers dual enrollment credits through the local colleges Thomas and KVCC.  Students can also earn college credits through a variety of AP classes.

Sports

Lawrence High School offers several sports both in varsity and junior varsity.  These sports include American football, soccer, cross country, marching band, indoor track, basketball, outdoor track, softball, field hockey, cheerleading, hockey, golf, bowling, swimming, wrestling, and baseball.  Lawrence sports teams are part of the Kennebec Valley Athletic Conference (KVAC).  Lawrence competes in class A which comprises the largest high schools in the state, except for football, where they were placed in Class B beginning in 2013. Lawrence also has a tennis club.

Lawrence High School has a long tradition of excellence in athletics. They won their first Football State Championship in 1973 followed by championship victories in 1983, 1984 and 2006. Lawrence also appeared in the State Championship in 1980, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1996, 2007, 2011 and 2012.
The Boys' Outdoor Track team won State Championships in 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1981, and 1982. The Boys' Indoor Track team won State Championships in 1973, 1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1981 and 1982. The Boys' Soccer team won a state championship in 2002. The Boys' Cross Country team won a state Championship in 1995. The Girls' Basketball Team won State Championships in 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, and 2015. The Boys' Basketball team won State Championships in 1990 and 1994, and were runners-up in 1974, 1976, 1986, 1989 and 1999. The girls' outdoor track team won their first title in 2013, at the KVAC Championships, and came in fourth at States. The 1987 Boys' Baseball team, led by captains Kurt Squiers and Mike Brown, and coached by Mike Mealey, were the school's first team to ever win the Central Maine Championship and went on to become runners-up in the school's first ever State Championship appearance, losing to Portland.

Notable Events
On April 24 of 2019, approximately 300 students participated in a walk out in protest of the resignation of Principal Mark Campbell, who was given a settlement in return for his resignation. Students gathered at the office of then superintendent, Reza Namin, who resigned that summer following backlash over a restructuring plan. They carried signs and stood in rain for forty-five minutes while teachers watched from classrooms.

Notable alumni
 Bruce Bickford, former U.S. Olympic 10,000 meter runner.
 Cindy Blodgett, former WNBA player, and former University of Maine women's basketball coach.
 Brian L. Buker, Congressional Medal of Honor recipient, Sergeant, U.S. Army - Republic of Vietnam 1970
 Mike Cowan, PGA Tour caddy
 Dan Gwadosky, Maine politician and former President of Lawrence High alumni association
 Christopher Thomas Knight, the "North Pond Hermit"

References

External links

Public high schools in Maine
Schools in Somerset County, Maine
Buildings and structures in Fairfield, Maine


James Bater (born 7 January 1980) is a Welsh former rugby union footballer who played as a flanker at club level for Swansea RFC, and in the Celtic League for the Ospreys and the Scarlets.

Born in Bridgend, Bater began his professional rugby career at Swansea RFC, before moving to the Ospreys at the team's inception at the dawn of regional rugby in Wales. In his three years at the Ospreys, Bater made a total of 67 appearances, scoring six tries. However, due to the rise of future Wales captain Ryan Jones and the signings of Filo Tiatia and Jono Gibbes, Bater found himself on the fringes of the first team at the Ospreys. The Scarlets came in with a bid for him, and he was allowed to leave. Bater has managed to make a place for himself in the Scarlets side, and has even captained the team when regular captain, Simon Easterby, and vice-captain, Stephen Jones, are on international duty.

In March 2009 it was announced that Bater had been forced to retire due to a neck injury and hoped to return to dentistry. Bater resumed his career in dentistry and now works for a dental practice in Skewen, Wales.

He attained his only international cap as a replacement against Romania on 27 August 2003.

References

External links
Scarlets profile

1980 births
Living people
Rugby union players from Bridgend
Welsh rugby union players
Rugby union flankers
Ospreys (rugby union) players
Scarlets players
Swansea RFC players
Wales international rugby union players
People educated at Ysgol Brynteg


KSDR (1480 AM, "1480 Talk Radio") is a radio station serving Watertown, South Dakota. The station is owned and operated by Alpha Media after it purchased the stations of Digity, LLC.

The station was assigned the KSDR call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.

References

External links
Watertown Radio

SDR
Talk radio stations in the United States
1961 establishments in South Dakota
Radio stations established in 1961


Azé is the name of the following communes in France:

 Azé, Loir-et-Cher, in the Loir-et-Cher department
 Azé, Mayenne, in the Mayenne department
 Azé, Saône-et-Loire, in the Saône-et-Loire department

See also
 Aze (disambiguation)
 Azay (disambiguation)


The Queen of Spades is a 1949 British fantasy-horror film directed by Thorold Dickinson and starring Anton Walbrook, Edith Evans and Yvonne Mitchell (in her cinematic debut). It is based on the 1834 short story of the same name by Alexander Pushkin.

Plot
Captain Herman Suvorin is a Russian officer of the engineers in St Petersburg in 1806. He constantly watches the other officers gamble at faro, but never plays himself because he is averse to the risk of losing his money.

Herman overhears gossip among several military officers about the aging Countess Ranevskaya, who knows the secret of winning at cards and won a large sum of money after selling her soul, several decades earlier in her youth. Later Herman purchases a book titled The Strange Secrets of the Count de Saint Germain purporting to tell the true stories of people who sold their souls for wealth, power or influence. One chapter of the book describes how in 1746 a "Countess R***" obtained the secret from the count and subsequently won a fortune from gambling. The countess had to promise not to disclose the secret. Herman assumes "Countess R***" is Countess Ranevskaya.

The countess (now very elderly) has a young ward, Lizavyeta Ivanovna. Andrei, a military officer of noble birth and a friend of Herman, encounters Lizavyeta in a bird market and decides to become her suitor. At the same time, Herman tries to seduce Lizavyeta with love letters in order to persuade her to let him into the countess's house. Andrei discovers Herman's advances, breaks off their friendship and warns Lizavyeta that Herman is dangerous. Lizavyeta rejects Andrei's warning.

Herman gains access to the house and accosts the countess, demanding the secret. He offers to assume her sin in exchange. He repeats his demands, but she does not speak. He draws a pistol and threatens her, and the old lady dies of fright. Herman then flees to the apartment of Lizavyeta in the same building. There he confesses to frightening the countess to death. He defends himself by saying that the pistol was not loaded. He escapes from the house with the aid of Lizavyeta, who is disgusted to learn that his professions of love were a mask for greed.

Herman attends the funeral of the countess, and is terrified to see the deceased open her eyes in the coffin and look at him. Later that night, Herman reads a chapter of his book entitled "The Dead Will Give Up Their Secrets". Subsequently, the ghost of the countess visits his apartment. The ghost names the secret of the three cards (three, seven, ace), but orders him to marry Lizavyeta as a condition. The next day Herman tries to reconcile with Lizavyeta, but she again rejects him.

Herman takes his entire savings to a gaming salon. When he arrives, Andrei challenges him to a duel. Herman accepts on condition that Andrei play a hand of faro with him; Andrei accepts. Herman bets all his savings on the three of spades and wins. Herman and Andrei agree on a second round, which Herman wins on the seven of spades. A third round is played. Herman spots the ace of spades in his hand in front of the queen of spades. Herman places his selected card face down on the table and bets on the ace—but when cards are shown, he finds he has bet on the queen of spades and loses everything. Showing compassion, Andrei escorts a very distraught Herman from the gambling table, who mumbles repeatedly "three, seven, ace … three, seven, queen".

Lizavyeta and Andrei celebrate their future happiness together by fulfilling Lizavyeta's dream of purchasing every bird in the bird market and setting them all free.

Cast
Anton Walbrook as Captain Herman Suvorin
Edith Evans as Countess Ranevskaya
Yvonne Mitchell as Lizavetta Ivanova
Ronald Howard as Andrei
Mary Jerrold as Old Varvarushka
Anthony Dawson as Fyodor
Miles Malleson as Tchybukin
Michael Medwin as Hovaisky
Athene Seyler as Princess Ivashin
Ivor Barnard as Bookseller
Aubrey Mallalieu as Fedya
Maroussia Dimitrevitch as Gypsy singer
Violetta Elvin as Gypsy dancer
Pauline Tennant as young Countess Ranevskaya
Hay Petrie as Herman's servant (final film)
Aubrey Woods as Dimitri

Production
The screenplay was adapted from a short story of the same name by Alexander Pushkin, with a script written by Arthur Boys and Rodney Ackland. Ackland was also originally the film's director, before disagreements with producer Anatole de Grunwald and star Walbrook, caused him to be replaced at a few days notice by Thorold Dickinson, who also rewrote sections of the script.

The film was shot at Welwyn Studios in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, using sets created by William Kellner, from original designs by Oliver Messel.

Release
The Queen of Spades was once considered lost, but was rediscovered and later re-released in British cinemas on 26 December 2009. It was released on Region 2 DVD in January 2010.

Reception

Critical reception
As of 1 April 1950 the film earned distributor's gross receipts of £47,282 in the UK of which £17,678 went to the producer.

Writing in 1949, The New York Times Bosley Crowther noted "a most beautifully accomplished cast, exquisite baroque production and staging of a tense and startling sort. If it's romantic shivers you're wanting, this is undoubtedly your film."

Kine Weekly said "Vague and gloomy melodrama, or rather an essay in the necromantic. [...] Not a kopek has been spared to establish correct atmosphere and detail, but the accent on art is a little too great. Whatever the highbrows may think of it, it is definitely not the masses' cup of vodka."

Monthly Film Bulletin said "This over-elaborate film, supercharged with all the tricks of cinematographic art, is beautifully acted by Edith Evans, whose performance is the saving grace of the drama, though the make-up artist has rendered her too artificial and frightening to be credible. Much good use has been made of sound effects; the recurring "frou-frou of the Countess's silk dress, the crispness of the snow, the wind in the dream, all go to make a sinister thrilling whole. Anton Walbrook is disappointing, in many places he is inaudible, and mouths his words in sibilant whispering. [...] However, though it does not run as smoothly as other films directed by Thorold Dickinson, it is an outstanding and worthwhile production."

Leslie Halliwell said: "Disappointingly slow-moving but splendidly atmospheric recreation of an old Russian story with all the decorative stops out; the chills when they come are quite frightening, the style is impressionist and the acting suitably extravagant."

In British Sound Films: The Studio Years 1928–1959 David Quinlan rated the film as “good” and wrote: "Baroque chiller with richly decadent decor."

The Radio Times Guide to Films gave the film 4/5 stars, writing: "Director Thorold Dickinson creates what is generally regarded as his best film: a handsomely mounted and highly atmospheric ghost story which still chills the blood."

Rotten Tomatoes reported that 96% of critics have given the film a positive review based on , with an average rating of 8.4/10.

Wes Anderson ranked it as the sixth best British film. Martin Scorsese has described Thorold Dickinson as an underrated director, saying of The Queen of Spades that "this stunning film is one of the few true classics of supernatural cinema." Dennis Schwartz of Ozus' World Movie Reviews rated the film an A−, calling it "A masterfully filmed surreal atmospheric supernatural tale".

Accolades
The film was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best British Film and was entered into the 1949 Cannes Film Festival.

References

External links

1949 films
1949 horror films
1940s fantasy films
British fantasy films
British historical horror films
1940s historical films
British black-and-white films
Films set in Russia
Films set in the 1800s
Films about gambling
1940s ghost films
Films based on The Queen of Spades
Films directed by Thorold Dickinson
Films produced by Anatole de Grunwald
Films shot at Welwyn Studios
Period horror films
British ghost films
1940s English-language films
1940s British films


The Latin Grammy Award for Best Banda Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards, a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally. The award goes to solo artists, duos, or groups for releasing vocal or instrumental albums containing at least 51% of new recordings in the banda music genre.

The award was first presented to Banda el Recodo for the album Lo Mejor de Mi Vida at the 1st Latin Grammy Awards ceremony in 2000. They are the most awarded band in this category with eight wins out of eleven nominations and are followed by Los Horóscopos de Durango, the first and so far only non-Mexican performer to win, and Joan Sebastian each with two wins. Banda Machos hold the record for most nominations without a win, with six. Chiquis Rivera became the first solo female singer to win for Playlist.

Winners and nominees

 Each year is linked to the article about the Latin Grammy Awards held that year.

See also
Grammy Award for Best Banda or Norteño Album
Latin Grammy Award for Best Regional Song

References

General
  Note: User must select the "Regional Field" category as the genre under the search feature.

Specific

External links
Official site of the Latin Grammy Awards

Banda music
Banda
Banda Album


NAIA independent football schools are four-year institutional members of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) that play college football independent of any formal conference affiliation.  In sports other than football, these schools compete in a college athletic conference affiliated with the NAIA called Continental Athletic Conference.

NAIA football independents

Current members

Yearly records

NAIA Division II independents (1970–1996)

NAIA independents (1997–present)

See also
 NAIA independent schools

References

Independent
Independent
Independent


Nigger Jack may refer to:
Nigger Jack, a nickname of John J. Pershing
Nigger Jack Slough, a former name of Jack Slough, a stream in California


The IRIS Engine is a design for a new type of internal combustion engine. Its inventors say that engines constructed using this design can be smaller, lighter and significantly more efficient than traditional engines of comparable horsepower and displacement. The design replaces the piston and cylinder architecture of conventional engines with a purportedly novel mechanism called the Internally Radiating Impulse Structure, or IRIS.

In January 2008, the IRIS Engine design won first prize for transportation technology in NASA's annual "Create the Future" design competition. In October 2008, the Radial Expansion Engine (RXE), a variant of the IRIS design, won second prize in the ConocoPhillips Energy Prize competition.

Geometry of the IRIS
In an IRIS combustion chamber, a number of inverted segments of a circle, or "chordons," interact to create a continuously sealed chamber of variable volume. Instead of elongating during combustion, as a traditional engine does, the IRIS engine's chamber expands in diameter. The inventors claim that this innovation will reduce waste heat and will increase the amount of surface area the engine has available to produce torque.

Design variations
IRIS engines are designed to run on traditional fuels, but could also be adapted to use biodiesel, natural gas, or hydrogen. IRIS chamber technology could also be utilized to create pumps, compressors and medical devices.

Designers
The IRIS was conceived of by Timber Dick, a Denver, Colorado inventor and businessman. Three of his sons, Corban, Levi, and Tomicah Tillemann-Dick, also contributed to the design and are credited on patent applications relating to the IRIS engine. The design recently won the $20,000 Dow Sustainability Award. A closely related design by the same team of inventors, the Radial Expansion Engine, was awarded a $75,000 prize in the ConocoPhillips Energy Prize Competition.

References

External links
http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2009/smallbusiness/0904/gallery.Rice_business_plan_competition_winners.smb/3.html
http://www.denverpost.com/search/ci_8189510
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xb0pOKFr1fg

Internal combustion piston engines


Offering is the third studio album by the American hard rock band Axe, released by Atco Records in 1982.

Track listing

 "Rock 'n' Roll Party in the Streets" (3:29)
 "Video Inspiration" (2:49)
 "Steal Another Fantasy" (4:41)
 "Jennifer" (3:57)
 "I Got the Fire" (Ronnie Montrose; Montrose cover) (3:19)
 "Burn the City Down" (4:46)
 "Now or Never" (3:51)
 "Holdin' On" (2:54)
 "Silent Soldiers" (6:01)

Personnel

 Bobby Barth – lead guitar, lead vocals
 Mike Osbourne – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
 Edgar Riley – keyboards, backing vocals
 Mike Turpin – bass
 Teddy Mueller – drums

Chart performance

Album

Singles

References

Axe (band) albums
1982 albums


Tlazazalca is a small town in the northern region of Michoacan, Mexico in an area first settled by ancient Nahuatl tribes in the early 14th Century.

Overview
The town was officially established in 1545 by the Franciscan priest John of Saint Michael (Spanish: Juan de San Miguel) who accompanied the army of Nuño de Guzman during the conquest of the region. Subsequently, Franciscan priests proceeded to baptize the Native Purepecha and Chichimeca populations that inhabited the area. In addition to the city center, the Spanish Conquistadors also established within the jurisdiction of Tlazazalca an "Indian Republic" (Spanish: Republica de Indios) whose role was to govern directly the Native populations subjected to Spanish authority.

The town and surrounding areas were administered by the Parish of Saint Mark the Archangel (Parroquia de San Miguel Arcángel) whose name was chosen in honor of the town's Franciscan founder. Tlazazalca served as a major governing center in Michoacan until it was later subordinated to Zamora and Valladolid (Morelia).

List of mayors
Mayo-Agosto 1904: Jesus Magaña y Bravo
Mayo-Agosto 1908: Jesus Magaña y Bravo
Septiembre 1909-Septiembre 1910: Jesus Magaña y Bravo
1940: José Zamora Gil
1941: J. Salud Díaz Navarro
1942: J. Jesús Martínez
J. Jesús Aguilar Gil
José Chávez Chávez
1944: Fidel Magaña
1945: José Orozco Enríquez
Roberto Canchú Parocua
1946: Joaquín Anaya Rocha
1947: José Rodríguez Espinoza
1948: Carlos Meza García
1949: J. Jesús Fernández García
Alberto Fernández Torres
1950: Pilar Peña Orozco
Jesús Magaña
Gabriel Magaña
Ignacio Chávez
José Rodríguez Espinoza
Crispin Vaca
Antonio Cortés
Cornelio Andrade
Eraclio Luna
Leobardo Chávez
Octavio Magaña
Indalecio Magaña
Rosendo Magaña
Sabad Vaca
Ladislao Méndez
Luis Fernández
1955: Salud Días Navarro
Rubén Castillo Morales
José María Marrón
José Rodríguez Espinoza
1960: Enrique Cortés Mújica
1961: Salvador Madrigal Chávez
1963: Emilio García Gámez
Francisco Paz
1966: Luis Vaca Ramírez
1969-1971: Miguel Parocua Paz
1972-1974: Luis Canchú Martínez
1975-1977: Miguel Calderón Martínez
1978-1980: Gonzalo Verduzco Gil
1981-1983: Luis Andrade Chávez
1984-1986: Gonzalo Verduzco Gil
1987-1989: Luis Andrade Chávez
1990-1992: Agustín Rubio Vieyra
1993-1995: Adolfo González Ayala
1996-1998: José Cachú Aguilar
1999-2001: Gonzalo Pérez Sepúlveda
2002-2004: Heliodoro Rodríguez Perales
2005-2007: Gildardo García Luna
2007-2008: Jose Cachu Aguilar
2015: Javíer Andrade Mata

References

External links
[http://www.tlazazalca.com Tlazazazalca.com

Populated places in Michoacán


Einojuhani Rautavaara wrote his Piano Concerto No. 3 (subtitled Gift of Dreams) in 1998, nine years after his previous concerto.

The work was commissioned by the eminent conductor/pianist Vladimir Ashkenazy as a concerto which could be conducted from behind the piano, with Ashkenazy serving as soloist and conductor simultaneously. Ashkenazy did premiere the concerto in this dual role with the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra in 1999. He has since toured around the world performing the concerto, subsequently recording it on Ondine, a Finnish record company.

The work is in three movements, with a poignant central adagio. The work adopts tonal harmonies, as in Rautavaara's Piano Concerto No. 1, but the overall mood is much more calm and serene.

Structure
The piano concerto is in three movements, and plays for 25 to 30 minutes:
 Tranquillo (10 minutes)
 Adagio assai (12 minutes)
 Energico (6 minutes)

Instrumentation
 2 Flutes
 2 Oboes
 2 Clarinets in B
 2 Bassoons
 4 Horns in F
 2 Trumpets in C
 2 Trombones
 Timpani
 Vibraphone
 Tubular bells
 Gong (30')
 Tam-tam (60')
 Gran cassa
 Side drum
 4 Tom-toms
 Xylophone
 Solo piano
 String section

Recordings
 Vladimir Ashkenazy (pianist/conductor), Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, Ondine, Inc. (record company)
 Laura Mikkola (pianist), Netherlands Radio Symphony Orchestra, Eri Klas (conductor), Naxos (record company)

Compositions by Einojuhani Rautavaara
1998 compositions
Rautavaara 03
Music commissioned by ensembles or performers


The CrimsonRide is an area bus service serving the students, staff, faculty, and general public on and around the University of Alabama's campus in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. The CrimsonRide is operated by First Transit, under  contract with UA's Department of Transportation Services, and commenced operation on August 11, 2007. The CrimsonRide replaced the previous Blue & Yellow Routes operated by the Tuscaloosa Transit Authority as the public transit option for students, staff, faculty, and general public on the UA campus.

The system consists of 17,  long Nova LFS buses with 41 stops. The buses run as early as 7 a.m. until as late as 4 a.m. with 15 being used at peak hours and 8 being used at non-peak times. The buses run at 5-minute intervals on the academic routes in the central portion of campus and at 20-minute intervals on the perimeter of the campus. Each bus is also equipped with a TransLoc GPS monitor allowing for the status of each bus to be monitored by users in real time.

History
The development of an on-campus shuttle system was initially offered as a serious proposal in  Fall 2005 with an initial opening date set in August 2006, but by Winter 2006, university officials announced the system would be operational by August 2007. In June 2006, the UA Board of Trustees approved the budget of $1.8 million for the proposed transit system. The funding for the system project was paid with a $1.5 million federal transportation appropriations grant and supplemented with an additional $375,000 generated from parking fees.

Paying tribute to the Crimson Tide nickname, the moniker CrimsonRide was selected by students voting in the 2006 Homecoming elections over the second place name of Tide Transit. With the start of the bus system, several roads throughout campus were closed to vehicular traffic in becoming solely bus and bicycle lanes. The most notable of the road closures are located around the Quad. The system would open in June 2007 in a test mode, with the official opening occurring on August 11, 2007.

After its first semester in operation, the system saw an average ridership of 13,510 passengers per day. The CrimsonRide served its 2 millionth passenger, Ciara Prater, at the beginning of its second year of service on August 25, 2008.

Routes

The CrimsonRide operates eight routes during the weekdays and a singular, comprehensive system on the weekends.

See also
List of bus transit systems in the United States
Tuscaloosa Transit Authority
Tuscaloosa station

References

2007 establishments in Alabama
Bus transportation in Alabama
University and college bus systems
University of Alabama
Transportation in Tuscaloosa, Alabama


Oversands School (formerly Witherslack Hall School) is a private special school with specialist SEN status situated in the village of Witherslack near Grange-over-Sands, Cumbria, England.

It was opened in 1973 as a residential and day school for boys aged 11–19 with special educational needs, including complex learning, communication, behavioural, emotional and social difficulties.

The school has now been renamed to Oversands School and is a coeducational school for pupils aged 8 to 19.

The School is now run by Witherslack Group Ltd, a group which provides care and education for children with SEN needs, alongside children's homes.

Witherslack Hall
The school's central building, Witherslack Hall, was built in 1874 by Lancaster architects Paley and Austin and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.  It gave its name to a steam locomotive in the GWR Modified Hall Class, 6990 Witherslack Hall.

See also

Listed buildings in Witherslack
List of non-ecclesiastical works by Paley and Austin

References

External links
Oversands School website

Private schools in Westmorland and Furness
Paley and Austin buildings
Grade II listed buildings in Cumbria
Grade II listed houses
Country houses in Cumbria
Special schools in Westmorland and Furness
Educational institutions established in 1973
Specialist SEN colleges in England


Nathan Thomas (born 22 January 1976 in Bridgend, Wales) is a Welsh former international rugby union footballer who played in the back row.

Thomas has played for various clubs during his career, including Bridgend, Bath, Cardiff Blues, Leeds Tykes, the Scarlets and Neath. He started for Bath in the victorious 1998 Heineken Cup Final as they defeated Brive.
He played 9 times for Wales between 1996 and 1998, his last being against South Africa.

In November 2009 he joined Gloucester on a short-term loan deal, but he did not make an appearance for them and now plays for their feeder club, Hartpury College. He is a lecturer at the college.

References

External links
Scarlets profile
Wales profile
Scarlets players sign extensions

1976 births
Living people
Bath Rugby players
Cardiff Rugby players
Gloucester Rugby players
Leeds Tykes players
Neath RFC players
Rugby union flankers
Rugby union number eights
Rugby union players from Bridgend
Scarlets players
Wales international rugby union players
Welsh rugby union players


Dermot Patrick Honan (died 20 July 1986) was a  Fianna Fáil politician from County Clare in Ireland who served as a senator for 8 years.

A licensed vintner before entering politics, he was elected in 1965 to the 11th Seanad Éireann on the Industrial and Commercial Panel, and was re-elected in 1969 to the 12th Seanad. He was defeated in the 1973 Seanad election, but his wife Tras Honan was elected as a senator in 1977, and in a 15-year career in Seanad Éireann she was twice elected as Cathaoirleach (speaker). His father T. V. Honan had been a senator from 1934 to 1954.

See also
Families in the Oireachtas

References

Year of birth missing
1986 deaths
Fianna Fáil senators
Members of the 11th Seanad
Members of the 12th Seanad
Politicians from County Laois
Spouses of Irish politicians
Industrial and Commercial Panel senators