The Tyneside Cinema is an independent cinema in Newcastle upon Tyne. It is the city's only full-time independent cultural cinema, specialising in the screening of independent and world cinema from across the globe.  The last remaining Newsreel theatre to be in full-time operation in the UK, it is a Grade II-listed building. The Tyneside's patrons are filmmakers Mike Figgis and Mike Hodges, and musicians Neil Tennant of the Pet Shop Boys and Paul Smith of Maxïmo Park. Its cultural remit is set by the trustees and is a requisite for continued funding from sponsors such as the BFI and the Arts Council.

Alongside its core programme of cultural cinema, the newly refurbished Tyneside Cinema holds daily free screenings of archive newsreel footage and guided tours.  The cinema also allows budding producers and digital artists to network and present their work.  A £7m restoration and renovation project occurred between 2006 and 2008, and the venue now boasts digital projection and 3D facilities alongside traditional film projection.

History

The Tyneside building was conceived, designed and built by Dixon Scott, a local entrepreneur and the Great Uncle of film directors Sir Ridley and Tony Scott.  Scott had travelled in the Middle and Far East, and his experiences influenced the décor of the first floor landing and foyer of the Tyneside building.  Scott decorated the building with his own take on Art Deco, as influenced by his Eastern travels.

The Tyneside Cinema was opened as a news cinema, the Bijou News-Reel Cinema on 1 February 1937, and was commonly known as the News Theatre.  Screenings would include a mixture of travel, sport, and news films, as well as cartoons.

In 1937, the cinema became the home of the Tyneside Film Society, the origin of the Tyneside Cinema itself which, by the late 1950s, had grown into the largest film society in the UK outside London.  The popularity of television led to a decline in audiences and consequently the cinema was closed in 1968.  After a brief period, it was reopened as a film theatre by the BFI. The cinema closed again in 1975.  A case for re-opening the cinema, then known as the Tyneside Film Theatre, was put together by the Tyneside Filmgoers Group and it was re‐opened in 1976.

Restoration and reopening
The cinema had occupied its Pilgrim Street site since 1937, and had by 1999 declined to a critical state, with many believing it would eventually be forced to close.  The cinema required a number of improvements, and despite its history and prime location, the cinema had a serious financial deficit.  A significant investment in the structure was required, and following a survey of the building, the cinema's board of trustees realised that a capital investment of about £7m would be necessary.  The project secured the support of organisations including One North East and the Northern Rock Foundation  Seats removed from the Classic screen were sold in 2006, raising more than £5000 for the restoration project.  The stated aim of the project was to celebrate the cinema's heritage as a newsreel theatre and also look to its future in the digital age.

The £7m restoration and renovation project was undertaken between November 2006 and May 2008.  Original features inside the building had to be protected during the project, and the work uncovered a pair of original stained glass windows and mosaic floor tiling which had been hidden for years.  Expanding the cinema in its town centre location was difficult due to the limited space available. Building works proceeded upwards, and the area between the cinema and its neighbouring building was also used.

The cinema obtained a temporary lease at Gateshead's Old Town Hall, which allowed the cinema to screen films in a single theatre under the Tyneside Cinema brand.  Themed screenings were held across Newcastle to allow the public access to the Tyneside Cinema experience as work on the restoration project continued.  These included a screening of It's a Wonderful Life at the Discovery Museum with mulled wine and mince pies for attendees, and a screening of Monty Python's Life of Brian at St. Mary's Church.

The Tyneside reopened in May 2008, following the major restoration of its original auditorium, alongside a modern extension and redevelopment of the upper floors designed by Fletcher Priest Architects and consulting engineers Cundall.  The work added a new level to the building with two new screens, the Roxy and the Electra, housed on top of each other.  A single projection block behind serves all of the cinema's screens.  The increase in screens enabled more flexibility to respond to demand and created space to move films around.  A new bar, and a film learning centre called the Tyneside Studio, partly designed by filmmaker Mike Figgis, were also installed.

Following the redevelopment, the site's Venue Manager was Leigh Venus, who went on to re-open the former Bede's World heritage site as Jarrow Hall in 2016. In 2014 the cinema was further expanded by the addition of the Tyneside Bar Café in an adjoining premise which had previously been occupied by a bank. The site also included a new purpose built dual space ('The Gallery'), functioning as a Gallery for artists' moving image during the day and as a Cinema in the evening. The Gallery, curated by Elisabetta Fabrizi and funded by ACE, commissioned and showcased projects by both established and emerging artists including John Akomfrah, Aura Satz, Phil Collins, Rachel Reupke, Ursula Mayer, John Smith and Oreet Ashery.

In March 2020, the cinema announced that it would be closing indefinitely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The cinema started a donation campaign to offset their financial losses, but CEO Holli Keeble said it was at risk of permanent closure. In June 2020, the cinema began redundancy consultations for its entire workforce.

Controversies
In November 2019, following an employment tribunal, Tyneside Cinema was found to have discriminated against a former employee who lived with mental health disabilities, and had not made reasonable adjustments to protect them. Following a remedy hearing in January 2020, in accordance with the Equality Act 2010, they were ordered to pay compensation to the employee.

In June 2020, allegations of sexual assault, bullying and harassment emerged on social media. In response, CEO Holli Keeble and chair of the board Lucy Armstrong issued a statement saying that they took "the safety and well-being of our team at Tyneside Cinema very seriously, and strive to cultivate a culture of equality and inclusivity in the workplace". Following this, over 200 current and former employees issued a counter-statement condemning the official response, stating:We feel strongly that existing training policies, grievance procedures and mechanisms for whistle-blowing are not fit for purpose. We take this view based on substantial anecdotal evidence from colleagues and former colleagues. We do not feel that Tyneside Cinema is a safe workplace for everyone.Following this, the board of trustees announced that a review by a "high-level independent consultant", later named as Turning Moment, would take place. The cinema also reported itself to the Charity Commission.

It was reported on September 6 that another former employee, who complained to the Cinema that she was raped by a former employee, would be taking the cinema to an employment tribunal. The report stated that Northumbria Police had interviewed a man in relation to the alleged incident, but released him without any further action taken.

On September 24, a joint statement issued by the cinema online announced the resignations of both Keeble and Armstrong. In the statement, Armstrong said: "We both recognise that in order to give the Tyneside Cinema the best opportunity for future success it is right that we both move aside and allow a new team to take over."

On October 19, the board of trustees at Tyneside Cinema received the 297-page report from Turning Moment into the allegations. A 15-page executive summary was made public on October 21, which described the review team's overall conclusions regarding the culture at the Cinema: Sexual harassment has persisted over many years and has not been properly addressed.
 Bullying and a lack of respect were endured, sometimes daily and for long periods of time.
 Some staff have lost trust and faith in the higher leadership.
 Staff have been exposed to unnecessary safety risks in the course of their work.
 Because of the combination of factors highlighted, staff have suffered pressure and stress.
 Some staff and managers have not experienced any issues or difficulties compared to others.On October 22, the board of trustees issued their own statement in response, in which they accepted "all the findings and conclusions" in the report:First and foremost, we apologise profusely to anyone affected currently or previously by the culture and behaviours that have been identified as being systemic at the Cinema over the last seven years. The report makes clear how difficult some of the 100 participants found the experience, and we thank them for their courage in coming forward and bringing the issues to light. No one should work at or visit an organisation where they are either unsafe or feel unsafe.

Awards
The Tyneside Cinema won the Building Conservation and Tourism and Leisure categories as well as the overall accolade Project of the Year at the 2009 Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors North East Renaissance Awards at Newcastle Civic Centre on 25 April 2009.  Judges described the Tyneside Cinema restoration as “an excellent example of a building conservation project”, calling the cinema “a successful commercial venture that has employed creative and innovative design to breathe new life into a leisure facility that is rare and in many ways unique, a project that is playing a regenerative role in the widest sense of the word”.

References

Further reading

External links

Cinemas in Tyne and Wear
Culture in Newcastle upon Tyne
Buildings and structures in Newcastle upon Tyne
Shorty Award winners


Low Brunton is a small village in Northumberland, England.  Nearby settlements include Humshaugh, Chollerford and Walwick.

Early history
Hadrian's Wall runs just south of Low Brunton, with the remains of Brunton Turret (26b), just over 26 Roman Miles from the eastern end of the Wall at Wallsend, Newcastle upon Tyne. The turret (stone tower) is noted because its construction displays the difference between the original plan to build the wall ten feet thick, and the revised scheme at a reduced eight feet.

Governance
Low Brunton is in the parliamentary constituency of Hexham.

See also
Chollerford Bridge

References

External links

Villages in Northumberland
Wall, Northumberland


Betty Glamann Voorhees (May 21, 1923 – September 3, 1990) was an American jazz harpist. She was born in Wellington, Kansas.

Glamann learned to play harp at the age of ten. She attended a conservatory and was the harpist for the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra for three years. She played with Spike Jones in 1948, founded the Smith-Glamann Quintet in 1955, played with Duke Ellington and Marian McPartland around 1955 and then with Oscar Pettiford during 1957–58. With Kenny Dorham's band she recorded the album Jazz Contrasts in 1957. In 1958, she was involved in a Michel Legrand recording session with John Coltrane and Miles Davis; she played with Eddie Costa in 1958 and with the Modern Jazz Quartet in 1960.

Discography

As leader/co-leader
 Poinciana (with Rufus Smith (as Smith-Glamann Quintet) Bethlehem, 1955)
 Swinging on a Harp (Mercury, 1957)
 Christmas Fantasy (Vicson Music, 1967)

As sidewoman
 Kenny Dorham, Jazz Contrasts (Riverside, 1957)
 Duke Ellington, A Drum Is a Woman (Columbia, 1957)
 Johnny Lytle, People & Love (Milestone, 1973)
 Marian McPartland, After Dark (Capitol, 1955)
 Michel Legrand, Legrand Jazz (Columbia, 1958)
 Michel Legrand, Michel Legrand Meets Miles Davis (Philips, 1970)
 Modern Jazz Quartet, Third Stream Music (Atlantic, 1960)
 Oscar Pettiford, The Oscar Pettiford Orchestra in Hi-Fi Volume Two (ABC-Paramount, 1958)

References
[ Review of Swinging on a Harp], Allmusic

American jazz harpists
Musicians from Kansas
1923 births
1990 deaths
20th-century American musicians
Jazz harpists


Tim Gilissen (; born 4 June 1982) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. During his career his played for Heracles Almelo, Go Ahead Eagles and NAC Breda.

Honours
Heracles Almelo
 Eerste Divisie: 2004–05

References

External links
 Voetbal International profile

1982 births
Living people
Dutch men's footballers
NAC Breda players
Heracles Almelo players
Go Ahead Eagles players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
Footballers from Enschede
Men's association football midfielders


This Is Vegas is a cancelled action-adventure video game that was in development at Surreal Software and was to be published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment on Microsoft Windows, the PlayStation 3, and the Xbox 360. In 2010 development on the game was cancelled.

Development
In January 2006, IGN reported that game development studio Surreal Software had posted job listings for artists to work on "an upcoming PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 game that is, as of yet, without a title." In February 2008 the publishing company and parent of Surreal Software, Midway Games, announced that This Is Vegas was in development at the studio. Midway released several screenshots and stated that it planned to release the game on Microsoft Windows, the PlayStation 3, and the Xbox 360 in the fourth quarter of 2008. That same month Midway released the debut trailer for the game.

During Midway's bankruptcy proceedings in 2009, the company sold the majority of its assets to Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, including This Is Vegas and developer Surreal Software. In August 2010, it was reported that Warner Bros. cancelled development on the game. Midway and Warner Bros. spent between $40 million and $50 million developing the game.

References

External links

 Debut trailer

Action-adventure games
Cancelled PlayStation 3 games
Cancelled Windows games
Cancelled Xbox 360 games
Open-world video games
Unreal Engine games
Single-player video games
Surreal Software games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in the Las Vegas Valley
Video games set in Nevada
Warner Bros. video games


Attorney Lawrence J. Morris is the chief of staff and counselor to the president at The Catholic University of America and a retired United States Army colonel.

Academic career

Morris graduated from Marquette University's law school in 1982.
Morris had previously earned a double major at Marquette in Political Science and Journalism.

In 1997 Lieutenant Colonel Morris served as the head of the Criminal Law department of the U.S. Army The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School, which has full American Bar Association accreditation for its post-juris-doctoral graduate course that confers a Master of Laws degree (or LLM) to its graduates. Like nearly all of his peers who are field grade Army officers on active duty as a judge advocate, Col. Morris holds an LLM in Military Law awarded by the Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School on the campus of the University of Virginia.

Morris also studied at the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, where he earned a Master of Science in
National Security Strategy.

Morris has worked as an adjunct professor at several law schools, including the Catholic University School of Law. He is the author of Military Justice: A Guide to the Issues, a capstone book published in 2010, as well as articles and training publications frequently used by US military prosecutors and defenders.

Military career
During 2005-2006 Morris served as the Staff Judge Advocate to the Superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point.

In early 2007 Morris was the Chief of the U.S. Army Trial Defense Service, where he was responsible for the work and professional training of all uniformed Army defense attorneys as they represented soldiers accused of crimes under the UCMJ. He also served as a co-founder of the Law and Order Task Force in Iraq and received a Bronze Star for his service.

In the fall of 2007 Colonel Morris replaced Colonel Morris Davis as Chief Prosecutor of the Guantanamo military commissions.  Davis resigned after a public disagreement with Brigadier General Thomas W. Hartmann, the Chief Legal Advisor to the Convening Authority for the Office of Military Commissions.  Davis had publicly called for Hartmann to resign.

In 2002, Morris was the head of the Army's criminal law branch and was tasked with planning the first prosecution of suspected 9/11 terrorists. According to the Wall Street Journal, back in 2002 "he proposed a high-profile public trial that would lay bare the scope of al Qaeda's alleged conspiracy while burnishing the ideals of American justice." His legal advice was disregarded by the Bush administration, which decided to interrogate terrorists in secret—perhaps to gain critical intelligence necessary—to prevent further attacks, rather than seek justice through high-profile trials.  Morris was later asked to conduct the trials.

Comments on the testimony of the witness known as "OC-1"

The Toronto Star identified Morris as the Chief Prosecutor of the Guantanamo military commissions. Michelle Shephard of the Star quoted Morris's comments about the accidental release of unredacted testimony from a witness known as OC-1, prior to a hearing where the legality of Omar Khadr combatant status was to be considered.

Excerpts from OC-1's secret testimony seemed to contradict the Prosecution's earlier account that Khadr had been the sole survivor of an aerial bombardment that mortally wounded Green Beret Sergeant Christopher Speer.
Morris commented:

We're confident that we'll prove the case beyond a reasonable doubt once we get to the courtroom. That document has been disclosed at least three times over the past couple of years to the defence so there was nothing new or surprising in it.

Announcement of new charges for Mohammed al Qahtani

On 18 November 2008 Morris announced that he was filing new charges against Mohammed al Qahtani.
The Bush administration acknowledged subjecting Al Qahtani to 58 days of sleep deprivation and other extreme interrogation methods in the fall of 2002, when intelligence officials realized he had tried to travel to the United States in the months preceding al Qaeda's September 11 attacks.
Morris's prosecution team had proposed charges against Al Qahtani to Susan Crawford in early 2008.  Crawford, the convening authority of military commissions, has the final say over whether charges are confirmed. She dropped the charges against al Qahtani because his "treatment met the legal definition of torture".

During his only testimony that has been made public—his testimony before his 2006 Administrative Review Board hearing—Al Qahtani acknowledged confessing to extensive ties to al Qaeda, and the 9-11 hijacking plot, but he claimed all his confessions were from the two months he was being tortured, and he had recanted them at every opportunity since then.

When announcing the new charges, Morris stated that the new charges were based on "independent and reliable evidence". He stated: "His conduct is significant enough that he falls into the category of people who ought to be held accountable by being brought to trial."

Retirement announcement

Andy Worthington reported on May 6, 2009, that Morris was retiring from active duty and would be replaced as Chief Prosecutor by John Murphy, a captain in the United States Naval Reserve.  The retirement ceremony and party were held on Friday, June 12, 2009. Morris officially retired on September 1, 2009. After military retirement, Morris worked as a civilian attorney for the U.S. Army. He wrote an article for the United States Army Combined Arms Center's periodical Military Review in 2012: "An Asset Out of You and Me: Communicating What It Truly Means to be a Soldier."

Catholic University of America

In 2011, Catholic University of America president John H. Garvey appointed Morris as the school's general counsel. On 1 January 2018, he was appointed chief of staff and counselor to the president of the university, and was succeeded as general counsel by Nancy Morrison, a professor at Notre Dame Law School.

References

Guantanamo Military Commission Prosecutors
United States Army Judge Advocate General's Corps
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School alumni
Marquette University alumni


The seventh edition of the Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was played in 1955. It was held from February 10 through February 15, featuring the champion baseball teams from Cuba, Alacranes de Almendares; Panama, Carta Vieja Yankees; Puerto Rico, Cangrejeros de Santurce, and Venezuela, Navegantes del Magallanes. The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice. The games were played at Estadio Universitario in Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela, which boosted capacity to 22,690 seats, while the ceremonial first pitch was thrown by Marcos Pérez Jiménez, by then the President of Venezuela.

Summary
Puerto Rico won the Series with a 5–1 record en route for a third straight championship. The Cangrejeros club was managed by Herman Franks and led by the dynamic shortstop Don Zimmer, who posted a .400 batting average (8-for-20) with a .950 slugging and led the hitters with three home runs. Santurce also received a considerable support from outfielders Willie Mays (two HR, nine RBI, six runs, 885 SLG), Roberto Clemente (one HR, .577 SLG, seven runs) and Bob Thurman (.318). Also helping out were catcher Harry Chiti (.333, one HR, .667 SLG) and third baseman Buster Clarkson (.313). Bill Greason (2–0, 2.00 ERA), Sad Sam Jones (1–0, 1.50) and Rubén Gómez (1–0) led the pitching staff, while Zimmer claimed Most Valuable Player honors. Puerto Rico also had veteran OF Luis Rodríguez Olmo in addition to Tite Arroyo (P) and George Crowe (1B). Mays, after going 0-for-13 in the Series, hit a two-out, two-run walk-off homer in the 11th inning of Game 6. Then, he went 11-for-13 in the next three games to finish with a second-best average of .462 (12-for-26) and leading the series in RBI.

The Venezuelan team finished in second place with a 4–2 record and was managed by Lázaro Salazar. Magallanes was responsible for the only defeat suffered by Santurce, 7–2 in the closing game, and previously had been beaten by Cuba 1–0 in a pitching duel and by Puerto Rico, 4–2 in an extra-inning game. It was the best performance by a Venezuelan team to that point. The offensive was led by part-time OF Pablo García, who hit .500 (6-for-12), including three runs, six RBI and a .917 SLG. Other contributions came from 2B Jack Lohrke (.348, four runs, .478 SLG), 1B Bob Skinner (.280. two HR, four RBI), RF George Wilson (.381, five RBI, .762 SLG), 3B Luis García (6-for-21, two runs, two RBI) and Chico Carrasquel (five runs, four RBI). José Bracho (2–0, 0.53 ERA) led a pitching staff that included Emilio Cueche (1–1, 2.00), Joe Margoneri (1–0, 2.00), Ramón Monzant (0–1, 3.27) and reliever Bill Kennedy (1–0), 0.00). Also in the roster were outfielders Bob Lennon (5-for-19) and Dalmiro Finol (2-for-13).

Guided by Bobby Bragan, Almendares finished 2–4 for the worst record ever by a Cuban team in the Series. A one-man offensive attack, 1B Rocky Nelson led the Series hitters with a .471 average (8-for-18) and collected a .647 SLG. Other support came from C Gus Triandos (.263, two HRs, seven RBI, .579 SLG). The starting staff was composed by Cholly Naranjo (1–0, 2.00 ERA), Joe Hatten (1–1, 3.00), Red Munger (0–1, 7.50) and Roger Bowman (0–1, 5.00). Other players for Cuba included Ps Lino Donoso, Al Lyons and Conrado Marrero; IFs Willy Miranda, Héctor Rodríguez and José Valdivielso, as well as OFs Román Mejías, Carlos Paula, Earl Rapp and Lee Walls.

For last place Panama, managed by Al Kubski, the top player was LF  Guilford Dickens, who batted .364 with a .682 SLG and hit both of the team's home runs. SP Humberto Robinson (1–0, 12 SO, 1.64 ERA) recorded the only victory for Carta Vieja, while Bill Harris and Ernie Lawrence both finished 0–2. Other players included Milt Graff (IF), John Fitzgerald (P), Fred Marolewski (IF) and Spider Wilhelm (IF)

Participating teams

Final standings

Scoreboards

Game 1, February 10

Game 2, February 10

Game 3, February 11

Game 4, February 11

Game 5, February 12

Game 6, February 12

Game 7, February 13

Game 8, February 13

Game 9, February 14

Game 10, February 14

Game 11, February 15

Game 12, February 15

Statistics leaders

Awards

See also
Ballplayers who have played in the Series

References

Sources
Antero Núñez, José. Series del Caribe. Jefferson, Caracas, Venezuela: Impresos Urbina, C.A., 1987.
Gutiérrez, Daniel. Enciclopedia del Béisbol en Venezuela – 1895-2006 . Caracas, Venezuela: Impresión Arte, C.A., 2007.

External links
Official site
Latino Baseball
Series del Caribe, Las (Spanish)

Caribbean
Caribbean Series
International baseball competitions hosted by Venezuela
Sport in Caracas
1955 in Venezuelan sport
1955 in Caribbean sport
20th century in Caracas
Caribbean Series


Australian children's musical group the Wiggles have released sixty studio albums, three live albums, eleven compilation albums, two extended plays, thirty-eight singles, two audiobooks, four karaoke albums, fourteen digital albums, two tribute albums, and thirteen other albums featuring solo group members or characters. Eighteen of the group's albums have been certified by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) as Gold, Platinum and double Platinum. Three of their albums have reached the top 10 on the ARIA Albums Chart.

The Wiggles (1991) was the original line-up's earliest album to be certified by ARIA, achieving Platinum status in 1995. Yummy Yummy (1994) achieved double Platinum status, certified in 2008. The album was also certified Gold in the US in 2004. Their next three releases, Big Red Car (1995), Wake Up Jeff! (1996) and Wiggly, Wiggly Christmas (1996) had also all received double Platinum certifications by 2008. Their eighth studio album, The Wiggles Movie Soundtrack (1997), which doubled as the soundtrack for the group's self-titled feature film, was the first to enter the ARIA Albums Chart, peaking at number 36 in November 1997. It was certified Platinum in 2008 along with Toot! Toot! (1998). An additional eight of the original quartet's albums attained Gold status.

The Wiggles returned to the charts with their new line-up, when Apples & Bananas (2014) charted at number 60. The group's fiftieth album, Nursery Rhymes 2 (2018), peaked at number 3, becoming their highest charting release while in its debut week, and the group's first top 10 album; the compilation album We're All Fruit Salad! The Wiggles' Greatest Hits (2021) also peaked at number 3. The Best of the Wiggles (2016) was the new line-up's first album to be certified, reaching Platinum in 2018, while Nursery Rhymes (2017) was accredited Gold in 2020. The group's cover of Tame Impala's "Elephant", which they performed on Triple J's Like a Version segment, became their first top 10 single, peaking at number 10 in January 2022 after it reached  1 on the annual Triple J Hottest 100 poll for 2021. The group's 2022 tribute album ReWiggled debuted at number one on the ARIA Albums Chart, becoming their first number-one album in Australia.

Albums

Studio albums

Live albums

Compilation albums

Audiobooks

Karaoke albums

Digital albums

Other albums

Tribute albums

Extended plays

Singles

Notes

References

Wiggles
Wiggles
The Wiggles albums


Battle of Dytiatyn was one of battles of the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921 also referred to as the Polish Thermopylae (together with Battle of Zadwórze and Battle of Wizna). It took place on 16 September 1920 between units of the 8th Polish Field Artillery Regiment from Płock and the 8th Mounted Red Cossack Division of the Red Army near the village of Dytiatyn (now in Ukraine, northwest of Halicz).

The Poles defended themselves on a grassy hill  above sea level but after they ran out of ammunition they were massacred by some 3,500 Soviet mounted troops. The 'Red Cossacks' murdered 97 Poles and an additional number of wounded Poles were killed after the battle. Among the dead was the commandant of the regiment Colonel Wladyslaw Domanski. Altogether on that day some 240 Poles died. The 8th Mounted Red Cossack Division of the Red Army was destroyed a few days later near Tarnopol.

In the interbellum period, Polish military authorities established a cemetery and a monument to the massacred soldiers. It was completely destroyed after the Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939.

External links
 Web service on Battle of Dytiatyn in Polish
 Plock24.pl
 Historycy.pl

Battles of the Polish–Soviet War
September 1920 events
1920 in Ukraine


Tisha or Tishah is the Hebrew word for the number nine, as in Tisha B'Av (= 9th of the month Av), an annual fasting day in Judaism.

Tisha is a given name and surname. It is also a diminutive of the Russian masculine name Тихон (Tikhon). Notable persons with that name include:

People with the given name
 Tisha Abundo (born 1949), Philippine sports commissioner
 Tisha Campbell-Martin (born 1968), American actress and singer
 Tisha Martin (21st century), British actress and singer
 Tisha Sterling (born 1944), American actress
 Tisha Terrasini Banker (born 1973), American actress

Mononymous person
 Nusrat Imrose Tisha, Bangladeshi actress and model

See also
 Tish
 Trisha
Letitia

Feminine given names
Masculine given names


The Pacific Mini Games  is a continental multi-sport event contested by countries and territories located in Oceania. The event has been held every four years since the inaugural games in Honiara, Solomon Islands in 1981. It was known as the South Pacific Mini Games prior to 2009. It is called the 'Mini' games because it is a scaled-down version of the main Pacific Games and is similarly rotated on a four-year basis in the intervening years between the main Games.

The Mini Games have been hosted by 9 different Pacific Island capitals around 4 countries and 5 territories. Only the Cook Islands and Vanuatu have hosted twice, with Palau set to host the event for the second time in 2025. Similarly to the main Games, athletes with a disability are included as full members of their national teams. In each sporting event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third place.

Unlike the main Games, there is equal dominance from Pacific Games associations (PGA's). Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Fiji have all ranked first a record 3 times each with Samoa and Nauru topping a games once.

Concept
Following the success of the main Pacific Games, the Pacific Games council decided to create a smaller version of the games to enable smaller nations and territories to host events and compete against each other. From this came the Pacific Mini Games.

Pacific Games Council

The governing body for the mini games is the Pacific Games Council. Much like the main games, the Games council flag is presented to the host nation of the next mini games at the end of every games. As of 2017, the council has 22 member nations.

Two other nations, Australia and New Zealand, are not members of the council but are invited  as observers to the council's general assembly. These nations participated at the mini games in 2017 and made their main games debut in 2015.

Editions

List of Pacific Mini Games

As with the main games, the cost of providing the necessary facilities and infrastructure is a concern to the region's smaller nations. In preparation for the 2009 Games in Rarotonga, despite having hosted the games previously, the local government considered diverting funds from a highway project, and secured a loan for US$10 million from the Chinese government to finance the building of a stadium.

Sports

There are 37 approved sports by the Pacific Games Council updated in 2019. Unlike the main games,  the Pacific Mini Games does not have a compulsory sports list. However,  50 percent of the sports selected for a games must be from the compulsory sports list of the Pacific Games Council.

After the 2022 Games in Saipan,  29 of the 37 sports have been included at the Mini Games since the inaugural edition in 1981.

Listed are sports already contested at the Pacific Mini Games.

Former sports
Both disciplines have been replaced by other versions of the sports. Rugby 15s (replaced by Rugby 7s), and Rugby league 7s (replaced by Rugby league 9s).

All-time medal table
This table shows all medals won by a Pacific Games association since the inaugural games in 1981 to the most recent games held in 2022.

See also
 Pacific Games

References

Sources

Recurring sporting events established in 1981


"Book of Days" is a song by Irish musician Enya. The original version, included on her 1991 album Shepherd Moons, is sung in Irish Gaelic. The subsequent 1992 single version is bilingual, with new English lyrics; this version was recorded for Ron Howard's film Far and Away, and scenes from the film feature in the video. The bilingual English-Irish version replaced the original pure Gaelic version on subsequent pressings of Shepherd Moons from mid-1992 onwards, making the original recording relatively rare.

Despite being nominated for a Razzie, "Book of Days" became Enya's second top-ten single on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number 10, and reached number 12 on the Irish Singles Chart. It was used as a temp track during the editing of James Cameron's film Titanic, for the scene eventually accompanied by the musical cue called "Take Her To Sea, Mr. Murdoch" on the finished soundtrack by James Horner.

Critical reception
Ned Raggett from AllMusic stated that the singer's "trademark understated drama [are] in full flow" on the "wonderful" song. Gavin Report wrote, "This is a melodic and harmonic masterpiece with all the elements to make it a classic." Music & Media said, "Taken from the motion picture Far and Away, this is the sung version of the original ethereal Clannad instrumental." Music Week commented, that Enya's "latest sonic soundscape, Book Of Days, is typically mellifluous. Multi-textured yet as light as air".

Track listings

Charts

In popular culture
The song was used in a Toyota advertising campaign for the Carina E in the UK in the early 1990s. It was also used as background music during the Medal Ceremonies at the 2009 IAAF World Championships in Athletics in Berlin and Tuck Everlasting trailer. Additionally, the Gaelic version of "Book of Days" was used as the title sequence of the Japanese film Calmi Cuori Appassionati (2001).  It was also used in the “Endgame” episode of Robot Chicken, when Fabio takes the nerd to infinity and beyond and was also used in the Billy Eliott and Marvin's Room trailers.

References

External links

Enya songs
1991 songs
1992 singles
Songs with lyrics by Roma Ryan
Songs with music by Enya
Warner Music Group singles


HM Prison Ashfield (formerly Pucklechurch Remand Centre) is an adult male sex offenders prison located in the village of Pucklechurch (near Bristol), in South Gloucestershire, England. The prison is operated by Serco.

History
Ashfield Prison was built on the site of the Pucklechurch Remand Centre, and opened in 1999. It was the first private prison in the United Kingdom to house young offenders. The prison was soon mired in controversy after repeated riots and reports of poor management. Conditions at the prison became so bad in 2003 that the Youth Justice Board withdrew prisoners from Ashfield, and threatened to recommend that the prison should be taken over by the public sector. Conditions improved however, and the prison (under new management) was given a good inspection report the following year.

In May 2006, staff at Ashfield won a Health team award from the 'Public Servants of the Year Awards'. The award was in recognition of the staff's dedication to improving healthcare and personal health education for inmates held at Ashfield.

In March 2008, a new wing for first-time offenders was opened at Ashfield. The wing is specifically designed to create a positive environment for new inmates, and also has amenities for prisoners aged 15 and 16.

In 2013 an inspection report that concluded offenders were "exposed to unacceptable levels of violence", including bones broken after the use of force by staff. Ashfield was converted to an adult male prison for sex offenders since July 2013 and a Treatment site since 2014.

Pucklechurch Remand Centre
From 1962 the Pucklechurch Remand Centre was built on the site of the former RAF Pucklechurch, opening in 1965 and expanded in 1978. The remand centre was destroyed in a riot in 1990.

Notable former inmates

 Rosemary West
 Stephen Fry (as former prison HMP Pucklechurch)

References

External links
 Ministry of Justice pages on HMP Ashfield
 Serco pages on HMP Ashfield
 HMP Ashfield - HM Inspectorate of Prisons Reports

Ashfield
Ashfield
1999 establishments in England
Ashfield
Ashfield
Ashfield


Christophe Grégoire (born 20 April 1980) is a Belgian former professional football player and manager, most recently in charge of Virton.

Coaching career
After playing for RFCB Sprimont from 2011 to 2014, he retired and became the manager of the club. He was in charge until November 2016, where he was appointed manager of RFC Seraing. After a streak without any victories, Grégoire was fired on 8 December 2019.

References

External links
 Profile at VI.nl

1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Liège
Walloon sportspeople
Men's association football midfielders
Belgian men's footballers
Belgian football managers
Belgium men's international footballers
Belgium men's under-21 international footballers
RFC Liège players
Royal Excel Mouscron players
R.S.C. Anderlecht players
K.A.A. Gent players
Willem II (football club) players
R. Charleroi S.C. players
Belgian Pro League players
Eredivisie players
Belgian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in the Netherlands
Belgian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Belgian First Division B managers
R.E. Virton managers


Phil Mealey is a British actor and writer from Stockport.

Biography
Mealey co-wrote and associate-produced the BBC sitcom Early Doors with Craig Cash. Mealey also acted in the series, playing the character Duffy. Cash and Mealey won two North West Comedy Awards in 2005 for the writing and acting on the series.

Mealey also co-wrote some episodes of the BBC's sitcom series The Royle Family, along with Cash and Caroline Aherne.

His most recent role was in Sunshine which he also co-wrote with Cash.

References

External links

British male television actors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Form, Fit, and Function (F3 or FFF) is a concept used in various industries, including manufacturing, engineering, and architecture, to describe aspects of a product's design, performance, and compliance to a specification. F3 refers to a set of characteristics or requirements that are essential for the design and compatibility of products, components, or systems, and can have legal considerations in regulated industries like aviation and defense (e.g., for technical data rights and configuration management).

The concept originates in the 1960s, and in some cases as form-fit-function.  The United States (US) Government formally recognized it in the legal incorporation of Public Law 98-525 regarding technical data and design changes.  F3 can also refer to the ability of a replacement unit or technology upgrade to be compatible with existing systems, or be compatible with change control procedures (e.g., NASA's use in reliability via military standards).

Alternate Uses
Some organizations have supplemental considerations for F3. The United States Navy has been using Form, Fit, Function, and Interface (F3I) since the 1970s, and NASA has published references to Form, Fit, Function, and Reliability to facilitate reliable designs.

Definitions

In the Code of Federal Regulations - US Government
Form The form of a commodity is defined by its configuration (including the geometrically measured configuration), material, and material properties that uniquely characterize it. For software, the form means the design, logic flow, and algorithms.

Fit The fit of a commodity is defined by its ability to physically interface or connect with or become an integral part of another commodity. For software, the fit is defined by its ability to interface or connect with a defense article.

Function The function of a commodity is the action or actions it is designed to perform. For software, the function means the action or actions the software performs directly related to a defense article or as a standalone application.

By Clickfold Plastics, Inc.
Fit refers to the ability of the part or feature to connect to, mate with, or join to another feature or part within an assembly. The “fit” allows the part to meet the required assembly tolerances to be useful.

Form refers to such characteristics as external dimensions, weight, size, and visual appearance of a part or assembly. This is the element of F3 that is most affected by an engineer's aesthetic choices, including enclosure, chassis, and control panel, that become the outward "face" of the product.

Function is a criterion that is met when the part performs its stated purpose effectively and reliably. In an electronics product, for example, function can depend on the solid-state components used, the software or firmware, and quite often on the features of the electronics enclosure selected. Poorly placed or sized ports and misleading or missing labeling are two of the most common ways in which an enclosure can fail the function criterion.

Note on Source
The above definitions were modified from the original source, which is no longer available from the original webpage. Also, the company's new website no longer hosts their own F3 definitions.

References

External links

Product design


The Football Conference season of 1995–96 was the seventeenth season of the Football Conference, also known as the Vauxhall Conference for sponsorship reasons.

Overview
Stevenage Borough, won the Conference championship during their second season in this league. However, they did not earn a promotion to the Football League because they did not meet Football League requirements.

New teams in the league this season
 Hednesford Town (promoted 1994–95)
 Morecambe (promoted 1994–95)
 Slough Town (promoted 1994–95)

Final  league table

Results

Promotion and relegation

Promoted
 Hayes (from the Isthmian League)
 Rushden & Diamonds (from the Southern Premier League)

Relegated
 Dagenham & Redbridge (to the Isthmian League)
 Runcorn (to the Northern Premier League)

Top scorers in order of league goals

References

External links
 1995–96 Conference National Results

National League (English football) seasons
5


The Casco Bay Bridge is a bascule bridge that spans the Fore River, connecting South Portland and Portland, Maine, United States. The bridge carries four lanes (two in each direction) of State Route 77, a bike lane in each direction, and a pedestrian sidewalk on the east side of the span.

History
In 1987 the state of Maine, in concert with surrounding towns, concluded that the existing Million Dollar Bridge, which was almost 70 years old, was inadequate for current needs. This bridge, also a draw bridge, had only two traffic lanes and offered severely limited clearances for maritime traffic. Given increases in tanker commerce and increased usage of the bridge, a replacement was decided on, and construction started in 1993. The Casco Bay Bridge was completed in 1997.

In October 2015, the Maine Department of Transportation announced that it was seeking bids to privatize the maintenance and operation of the bridge, stating that it would be more cost effective and efficient for taxpayers.  If done, it would be the first time the State privatized the operation of a bridge.  The Maine State Employees Association questioned the public safety implications of a private entity operating the bridge, as wondered what would happen to the employees who presently operate it.

Design

The new Casco Bay Bridge has four 12 foot (3.7 m) wide lanes, with a pedestrian lane on its eastern side. The bridge is supported by several 7 foot (2.1m meter) thick concrete H-pile cylinders, which the bridge's steel girders sit atop. The new bridge has much higher horizontal and vertical clearances, which allow larger ships access further into the Fore River, with the bascule also having to open less frequently. Extra precautions were taken to ensure that the bridge had sufficient pier protection (during construction to the bridge, the existing Million Dollar Bridge was struck at its piers by the oil tanker Julie N., which spilled roughly 179,600 gallons (679,860 liters) of heating oil into Casco Bay. The bridge's steelwork was painted red in order to make it aesthetically pleasing.

The final cost for the Casco Bay Bridge was $130 million, making it the largest project undertaken by the Maine Department of Transportation at the time.

SMS text alert system
According to the Bangor Daily News, a South Portland entrepreneur started a unique service for Casco Bay Bridge commuters in October 2012. The service, titled cascobaybridge.com, offers subscribers a text message alert when the Casco Bay Bridge goes up due to passing ships. Currently the service is offered during the morning and evening rush hours, but may be expanded if demand warrants.

References

Bascule bridges in the United States
Bridges completed in 1997
Buildings and structures in South Portland, Maine
Bridges in Portland, Maine
Road bridges in Maine
Steel bridges in the United States
Girder bridges in the United States
1997 establishments in Maine


George Lagogianes is a Canadian television personality, best known as a longtime reporter and anchor for CP24.

Lagogianes graduated from Ryerson Polytechnical Institute with a bachelor's degree in radio and television arts. After graduation, he began work in 1988 as a camera operator for local Toronto television station Citytv and national music network MuchMusic, which at the time were both owned by CHUM Limited. He became a "videographer" for the CityPulse news programme in 1989, subsequently becoming a host and reporter for the national Bravo! arts network. He also served as co-host of the national dance music series Electric Circus, and as an interviewer for Citytv's MovieTelevision.

He debuted on CP24 in 2008 as co-host with Ann Rohmer of Live at 5, remaining with the program until its format was changed in 2010, and then anchored other programs including CP24 Breakfast. He announced his retirement from broadcasting in December 2022, with his last day on the network as December 29.

References

External links
 www.cp24.com

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Canadian people of Greek descent
Canadian television news anchors
Toronto Metropolitan University alumni
People from Owen Sound


Steinberg Station () is located at the village of Steinberg in Nedre Eiker, Norway on the Sørlandet Line. The station is served by local trains between Kongsberg via Oslo to Eidsvoll operated by Vy. The station was opened in 1906 on what was then part of the Randsfjorden Line.

Railway stations in Buskerud
Railway stations on the Sørlandet Line
Railway stations on the Randsfjorden Line
Railway stations opened in 1906
Railway stations closed in 2012
1906 establishments in Norway
2012 disestablishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1900s


Jilotepec may refer to:
 the municipality of Jilotepec (municipality), State of Mexico, or its municipal seat Jilotepec de Molina Enríquez
 the municipality of Jilotepec, Veracruz, or its municipal seat of the same name


Frank Demouge (born 25 June 1982) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a striker. After retiring, he worked as a fitness coach.

Club career
Demouge spent the majority of his playing career in his native the Netherlands, before moving to England in the summer of 2012.

NEC
Demouge began his professional career at NEC Nijmegen, where he played four seasons. His debut year was his most prolific with seven goals in 25 appearances. In his second season he scored four goals in 29 appearances. In the 2003–04 season, Demouge made his debut in the UEFA Cup, coming on as a 74th-minute substitute against Wisła Kraków. Demouge's final season was disappointing, plagued with injuries before eventually being released from NEC.

Eindhoven
Demouge signed for Eerste Divisie side FC Eindhoven in summer 2005. During the season of 2005-06, he managed to score nine goals in 29 appearances and he subsequently made a move to FC Den Bosch.

Willem II
After a successful spell in the Eerste Divisie, Demouge returned to top flight football with Willem II in the summer of 2007. Shortly after joining, he suffered a knee injury and was out for few weeks. His competitive debut finally arrived in September against FC Twente where he scored an own goal in a 3–1 loss. His first goals came in a 6–0 home win against Excelsior where he scored a brace. He managed to net eight times that season. The following season was Demouge's most prolific, managing 14 goals in 32 appearances. During this time, there was alleged interest of the Belgian side Club Brugge and Dutch side SC Heerenveen. However, he indicated that he had an aspiration to play English football and signed an extension.

Utrecht
After attracting much interest from around Europe, he signed a three-year contract with FC Utrecht on 31 August 2010, on the transfer deadline day. During his first two seasons, he scored 13 times in 43 appearances, including a goal in a 3-3 UEFA Europa League draw against Italian side Napoli in which Edinson Cavani netted a hattrick. However, his time was again injury plagued and he was released in the summer of 2012, a year before his contract expired.

AFC Bournemouth
Demouge joined League One in June 2012, making the switch to England. It was reported that he was recommended by AFC Bournemouth co-chairman Max Demin. During pre-season, he injured his knee again, this time during training which required surgery.

He made his debut in a 2-1 home defeat to Walsall FC, on 29 September playing the full 90 minutes. During his second game for the Cherries, Demouge suffered a broken nose and concussion following a head collision and was stretchered off in the 11th minute. There was another setback for the Dutch striker, suffering a calf injury in a reserves game. Amid rumors of an imminent return to the Netherlands, Demouge publicly stated his commitment to the club.

Roda JC Kerkrade
After playing half a season on loan for Eredivisie side Roda JC Kerkrade, Demouge dissolved his contract with Bournemouth and signed a two-year deal with Roda JC Kerkrade.

Knokke
In September 2015 Demouge signed a one-year contract at Knokke in the Belgian Fourth Division.

He joined Dutch amateur side RKSV Heer in January 2017 after being without a club for some time.

References

External links
 Voetbal International profile

 Netherlands stats at OnsOranje

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Nijmegen
Men's association football forwards
Dutch men's footballers
Netherlands men's under-21 international footballers
NEC Nijmegen players
FC Eindhoven players
FC Den Bosch players
Willem II (football club) players
FC Utrecht players
AFC Bournemouth players
Roda JC Kerkrade players
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players
English Football League players
Dutch expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in England
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Belgium


Mr Bingo is an illustrator, artist and speaker, living and working in London, UK.

Biography
Mr Bingo grew up in Leigh, Kent and attended The Judd School in Tonbridge. In 1998 he studied a foundation course at the Kent Institute of Art & Design in Maidstone and it was during this year that he played Bingo at Gala Bingo in Maidstone earning him the nickname ‘Bingo’.  He went on to study graphic design at Bath Spa University College and specialised in illustration. He graduated in 2001 and moved to London.

Work

Mr Bingo has worked as an illustrator since 2001 working for a large number of commercial clients across a broad range of media including editorial, advertising, branding, clothing, book covers, walls, packaging and television.

Among his many clients have been such big-name organisations as Oxfam, Orange, Microsoft, Nike, the BBC, Volkswagen, Virgin, The TATE, The Mighty Boosh, The Amy Winehouse Foundation, Jimmy Carr, Channel 4, Converse, Howies, Carhartt, Absolut and MTV. He has created editorial illustrations and other work for The Financial Times, The Washington Post, The Guardian and The New York Times newspapers, and has had work featured in magazines as diverse as The New Yorker, TIME, Bearded, Dazed and Confused, WIRED, Esquire and GQ.

In 2006 and 2007, he provided the covers for the two QI books based on the comedy panel quiz fronted by Stephen Fry. The Book of General Ignorance and The Book of Animal Ignorance are both published by Faber and Faber. A selection of rough artwork and preliminary designs have since been showcased by the QI website.

Mr Bingo and his work has been featured in a wide range of magazines including Creative Review and Icon. He was recently described by Caroline Roberts in Vroom Magazine as ‘a person who has redefined the traditional job description of an illustrator’.

Alongside his commissioned work, Mr Bingo has regularly created limited edition prints which are represented by the Nelly Duff Gallery in London. Notable among these prints were the Hair Portrait series from 2007 where he depicted famous groups of people such as characters from Star Wars, The Mighty Boosh and Guns N' Roses, by drawing only their hair.

After consistently being asked to work for free and tiring of it, in 2011 Mr Bingo put a section on his website called Does Mr Bingo work for free?.  The piece was so popular, it was turned into a limited edition print by Intern Magazine and was also read out in its entirety on air by Chris Moyles on his Radio X show in 2015.

Hate Mail

Mr Bingo is best known for his Hate Mail project which he began in 2011. The project, which involves sending offensive postcards to strangers, started as a 'drunk idea’ but was then exhibited in galleries and led to two books. In 2012, Camden Town Brewery released a limited edition Hate Ale beer with Mr Bingo called Camden Town Is Full Of Cunts. 5000 bottles were produced.

In the summer of 2015 Mr Bingo ran a Kickstarter campaign to fund a high-end art book of his Hate Mail illustrations. The campaign, which was launched with a rap video for which Mr Bingo wrote and recorded an original song, was set to run for 28 days but was successfully funded within 9 hours and finished 386% funded with 3,732 backers, becoming the most successful ever Kickstarter campaign for a book in the UK.

Speaking
Mr Bingo has appeared at events including The Lost Lectures, FITC, OFFSET, Pictoplasma, Vice, OFFF, Reasons To Be Creative, The Economist Big Rethink, BBC Worldwide Creative Summit, Bookslam, D&AD Presidents Lectures, Guardian Masterclasses, TYPO Berlin and Latitude Festival.

References

External links
Mr Bingo's website
Mr Bingo's postcard collection
Mr Bingo at "Nelly Duff Gallery"
Mr Bingo's Twitter

1979 births
Living people
British illustrators
People from Leigh, Kent


The Diocese of Lamezia Terme () is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Calabria. In 1818 the ancient see of Martirano, the former Mamertum (the first bishop of which was Domnus, in 761), was united to the diocese of Nicastro. The diocese was then a suffragan of the archdiocese of Reggio in Calabria. In 1986, the historic Diocese of Nicastro had its name changed. It is currently called the Diocese of Lamezia Terme, and it is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Catanzaro-Squillace.  The name change reflects the incorporation of the comune of Nicastro into Lamezia Terme, an administrative change of 1968 on the part of the State of Italy.

History

The earliest appearance of the name Nicastro is in the Diatyposis (Νέα Τακτικά) of Leo the Wise, composed at Constantinople around 900. Nicastro is listed twelfth and last among the bishops of the Greek Metropolitanate of Reggio Calabria. For a long time, the Greek Rite was in use at Nicastro.

The church in the village below the citadel of Nicastro was built and endowed by the Norman Aumberga, the niece of Robert Guiscard and sister of Count Richard Dapifer, the son of Drago. It became the Cathedral of St Peter.  In 1101, Count Richard the Dapifer transferred to the diocese of Nicastro property and chattels which had belonged to Aumberga in the territory between Agarena and Nicastro. The first bishop of this city of whom there is any record was Henricus (1094), who is mentioned in the donation. Among the ten subscribers to the charter are Archbishop Robert of Reggio Calabria and Bishop Sasso of Cassano, who was serving as Papal Vicar in Calabria for Pope Paschal II.

Pope Calixtus II visited Nicastro on 9 December 1121, on his way from Taranto to Catanzaro.

Bishop Tancredo da Monte Foscolo (1279–1290) was deposed by Pope Nicholas IV for having consecrated James II of Sicily, but he was reinstated by Pope Boniface VIII.

In 1638 a major earthquake struck Calabria.  Nicastro was very severely hit. All the buildings were damaged or destroyed, and some 1200 people lost their lives.  At Martirano the death toll was 517. The old cathedral of Nicastro, built by the generosity of Aumberga, was destroyed by the earthquake. A new cathedral was erected in a more expansive location by Bishop Perrone. The cathedral was served by a Chapter composed, in 1680, of six dignities and fourteen Canons. The dignities were: the Dean, the Archdeacon, the Cantor, the Treasurer, the Cappellanus Major, and the Penitentiary; the Cappellanus Major was pastor of the cathedral parish.  In 1773 there were seven dignities and twenty-four Canons.  The town had three other parishes besides the Cathedral: S. Teodoro (governed by the Archdeacon), Santa Maria Maggiore, and Santa Lucia.

In Nicastro there was a convent of the Franciscans, founded in 1400 by the Conventual Franciscans and dedicated to S. Maria della Grazia; it was taken over by the Observant Franciscans and then in 1594 by the Reformed Franciscans. There was also a convent of the Dominicans, established in 1502 and dedicated to the Annunciation; it was made a stadium generale by Father General Niccolò Ridolfi.  The Capuchins established the convent of S. Maria degli Angeli in 1545; provincial chapters of the Order met there in 1550, 1556 and 1618. All three were suppressed in 1809 and converted into other uses.

Change of diocesan name
In 1968, the government of the Italian Republic annexed the town of Nicastro to the city of Lamezia. In 1985, following the signing of a revised concordat with the Italian Republic, the Vatican Secretary of State issued a set of instructions (Normae) for implementing some of its provisions, "so that the names [of dioceses] might be more appropriately accommodated to new circumstances, and better respond to the current necessities of civil and social life." On 27 September 1986, after appropriate consultations, Pope John Paul II granted permission to the Congregation of Bishops to implement the norms. In the case of Nicastro, the Congregation issued a decree on 30 September 1986, in which the long-standing name of "Neocastrenses" was retained for business of the Curia (i.e. for ecclesiastical matters), but in the vernacular it was to be referred to as "Diocesi di Lamezia Terme".

Bishops

Diocese of Nicastro
Latin Name: Neocastrensis
Metropolitan: Archdiocese of Reggio Calabria

to 1300
...
Henricus (attested 1094 – 1122)
Guido (attested 1168 – 1179)
Bohemund (attested 21 October 1194, 1195, 1199)
Rogerius (attested 1202)
...
Thaddeus (attested 1222)
Urso (attested 1239, 1240)
Gualterius de Cusencia
Samuel, O.Min. (attested 1252 – 1255)
Bernardus (attested 1256 – 1258)
Leonardus (15 October 1266 – after September 1272)
Robertus (1274–1275 – before 6 March 1279)
Tancredus de Montefusculo, O.Min. (15 May 1279 – 1290)

1300 to 1500

Nicolaus, O.S.B. (6 November 1299 – 1320?)
Petrus, O.Min. (21 June 1320 – ?)
Ambrosius (7 March 1323 – 1333)
Joannes de Preston, O.Min. (30 July 1333 – )
Nicolaus (attested 1344)
Jacobus (Avignon Obedience)
Carlucius Cicala (Avignon Obedience)
Manfred (Roman Obedience)
Angelo (Roman Obedience)
Giuliano, O.Min. (28 January 1388 – )
Giacomo, O.Min. (2 April 1390 – )
Roberto Mazza (4 May 1394 – )
Giacomo (1398)
Gentile d'Ajello (13 January 1399 – after 5 April 1409)
Angelo de Benevento (9 May 1409 – )
Paolo (1418–1431)
Joannes de Paganis (28 May 1431 – 1451)
Robertus (8 October 1451 – 1473?)
Antonius (26 November 1473 – 1488?)
Petrus de Sonino (26 January 1489 – 1490?)
Antonius Lucido (8 February 1490 – 1494)
Bartolomeo de Luna (29 July 1495 – 26 October 1497)
Franciscus de Roccamura (27 October 1497 – 1504)

1500 to 1600

Niccolò Capranica (18 December 1504 – 1517)
Cardinal Franciotto Orsini (18 Sep 1517 – 5 May 1518 Resigned) (Administrator)
Cardinal Andrea della Valle (5 May 1518 – 17 May 1518 Resigned) (Administrator)
Antonio de Paula (17 May 1518 – 24 July 1523)
Geronimo de Paula (24 July 1523 – 9 May 1530)
Giovanni Pietro Ricci (24 May–?, 1530)
Cardinal Andrea della Valle (1530–1533) (Administrator)
Nicola Regitano (3 Mar–Sep, 1533 Died)
Paolo Capizucchi (7 Nov 1533 – 6 Aug 1539 Died)
Marcello Cervini (27 Aug 1539 – 24 Sep 1540) (Administrator)
Cardinal Giacomo Savelli (5 Nov 1540 – 19 Nov 1554 Resigned) (Administrator)
Mariano Savelli (19 Nov 1554 – 6 Feb 1556 Resigned) (Administrator)
Cardinal Giacomo Savelli (6 Feb 1556 – 26 Jan 1560 Resigned) (Administrator)
Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti de Nuce (26 Jan 1560 – 23 Sep 1575 Resigned)
Ferdinando Spinelli (23 Sep 1575 – 4 Dec 1581)
Alessandro Ravalio (26 Jan 1582 – 1585 Died)
Clemente Bontodasio, O.F.M. Conv. (23 Jun 1586 – 1594 Died)

1600 to 1800

Pietro Francesco Montorio (7 Feb 1594 – 1620 Resigned))
Ferdinando Confalone (19 Apr 1621 – 1624 Died)
Baldassarre Bolognetti, O.S.M. (11 Mar 1624 – Sep 1629 Died)
Alessandro Castracani (Castracane) (8 Oct 1629 – 22 Jun 1632 Resigned)
Giovan Battista Curiale (Correale) (5 Jul 1632 – 1634 Died)
Domenico Ravenna (12 Feb 1635 – Jul 1637 Died)
Marco Antonio Mandosio (7 Sep 1637 – Aug 1638 Died)
Giovanni Tommaso Perrone (11 Apr 1639 – 16 Nov 1677 Died)
Francesco Tansi (22 Jan 1680 – 3 May 1692 Died)
Nicola Cirillo (7 Jul 1692 – 23 Jan 1709 Died)
Giovanni Carafa, C.R. (8 Jun 1718 – 17 Aug 1719 Died)
Domenico Angeletti (2 Oct 1719 – 21 Apr 1731 Died)
Francesco Maria Loyero (6 Aug 1731 – 24 Dec 1736 Died)
Achille Puglia (11 Feb 1737 – 5 Feb 1773 Died)
[Paolino Pace (February 1773? – 10 May 1773)]
Francesco Paolo Mandarani (10 May 1773 – 19 May 1796 Died)

1800 to 2004

Carlo Pellegrini (29 Jan 1798 – 12 May 1818 Resigned)
Gabriele Papa (17 Dec 1819 Confirmed – 20 Dec 1824)
Niccola Berlingeri (19 Dec 1825 Confirmed – 23 Feb 1854 Died)
Giacinto Maria Barberi, O.P. (23 Jun 1854 Confirmed – 7 Mar 1891 Died)
Domenico Maria Valensise (7 Mar 1891 Succeeded – 2 Jun 1902 Resigned)
Giovanni Régine (4 Oct 1902 – 6 Dec 1915)
Eugenio Giambro (22 May 1916 – 2 Feb 1955 Retired)
Vincenzo Maria Jacono (2 Feb 1955 Succeeded – 18 Jan 1961 Resigned)
Vittorio Moietta (18 Jan 1961 – 1 Apr 1963 Died)
Renato Luisi (30 Jun 1963 – 1 Jun 1968 Resigned)
Ferdinando Palatucci (12 Oct 1968 – 30 Jan 1982 Appointed, Archbishop of Amalfi)
Vincenzo Rimedio (4 Sep 1982 – 24 Jan 2004 Retired)

Diocese of Lamezia Terme
Name Changed: 30 September 1986
Latin Name: Neocastrensis
Metropolitan: Archdiocese of Catanzaro-Squillace

Luigi Antonio Cantafora (24 Jan 2004 – 3 May 2019)
Giuseppe Schillaci (3 May 2019 - )

References

Books

References
  (in Latin)

Studies

 (article by Cav. Francesco Avilardi)

Duchesne, Louis (1902), "Les évèchés de Calabre,"

Kamp, Norbert (1975). Kirche und Monarchie im staufischen Königreich Sizilien: I. Prosopographische Grundlegung, Bistumer und  Bistümer und Bischöfe des Konigreichs 1194–1266: 2. Apulien und Calabrien München: Wilhelm Fink 1975.
Kehr, Paulus Fridolin (1975). Italia pontificia. Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Vol. X: Calabria–Insulae.  Berlin: Weidmann. (in Latin)

Acknowledgment

Lamezia
Lamezia


Guadalupe Miranda (1810-c. 1890) was a Mexican public official who was mayor of Ciudad Juárez and recipient of the  Beaubien-Miranda Land Grant.

Early life
Guadalupe de Miranda was born in Ciudad Juárez (then called El Paso del Norte).  His father was Spanish and his Mother was Mexican/Hispano. He attended school in Chihuahua, Chihuahua.

In 1829, he moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico, where he opened a school.

In 1833, he returned to Juárez but moved back to Santa Fe in 1838.

On April 10, 1839, he was named Secretary of the Territory, Collector of Customs and Captain of Militia.

--- Following facts provided by John Garcia, History Teacher:---

In Josiah Gregg's book Commerce on the Prairies, Guadalupe Miranda is mentioned only one time (surprisingly) in Chapter Five as the New Mexican official who provided Josiah with archival records from Santa Fe pertaining to information about Don Juan de Onate's first settlement in New Mexico. (Gregg, Commerce on the Prairies, Max Moorhead Editor 1954)

In 1837, during the "Rebellion of Rio Arriba" (AKA "Chimayo Rebellion"), Guadalupe Miranda, Josiah Gregg (Author of Commerce on the Prairies), and Juan Garcia (de Noriega?) left Santa Fe together and were the first to report (testify, actually) to Lieutenant Colonel Don Cayetano Justiniani in El Paso on August 28, 1837, about the uprising, including how they believe Native Americans and Mexicans in Taos, incited by American Sympathizers, Texan Sympathizers, and Padre Antonio Martinez, were the parties responsible for rebelling. (LaCompte, Rebellion in Rio Arriba, 1985)

Guadalupe Miranda's activities during the Civil War and Lincoln County War remain highly elusive.

Three Things are certain, though:
1) He resided close by to the Armijo Family in Lemitar New Mexico. (On a side note, Manuel Armijo's son in Lemitar actively provided a large amount of supplies and money for the confederates during the Civil War.)
2) Fort Sumner, where Billy the Kid was shot, was owned by the grandson of Charles Beaubien, Miranda's former Maxwell Land Grant Partner.
3) Miranda continually referred to himself on Census Records as a "Merchant" or "Retired Merchant" even though few records of any business ventures, in the U.S. or in Mexico, exist and despite clearly working primarily as an extremely active public official in Santa Fe, El Paso, and Mesilla during his life.

Lastly, little information exists detailing Guadalupe Miranda's business or personal relationship with the American Fur Traders of Taos and Santa Fe, especially those Trappers/Freighters employed by a) Charles Bent and Ceran St. Vrain, b) Bernard Pratte and Company, and c) the American Fur Company. All three American trading outfits are secretly the same company under the administrative control of one St. Louis, Missouri family led by Pierre Chouteau Jr. and his brother-in-law Bartholomew Berthold(Bertola). (Lavender, The Fist in the Wilderness, 1964; Christian, Before Lewis and Clark, 2004)

Using current research, Miranda must have at least known Kit Carson, who entered Santa Fe in 1826. Kit also worked directly with Lucien B. Maxwell and built his home on the Maxwell Land Grant (which was land that was originally half owned by Miranda.) Miranda had to have known also Alexander Bertoldo (or Berthold), an 1870 Mesilla New Mexico School teacher and 1851 Socorro Texas Judge, who entered into Santa Fe in 1831. Miranda, Carson, and Bertoldo were each 21 years old during the busy 1831 Freighting year in Santa Fe. (UNM Passport Archives)
Through research it is clear that Carson, Bertoldo, and Miranda rose up during key times to prevent major injustices from harming or severely displacing the region's Mexican-American population.

Miranda's Business and Personal connections with the Mexican Capitalistas of New Mexico (i.e. Chavez's, Baca's, Perea's, Ochoa's, Aguirre's, Pino's, Armijo's) must be brought to light and examined. (Calafate Boyle, Los Capitalistas, 1997)

More research must also be uncovered to find out what personal and business relationship Guadalupe Miranda had with Gertrudes Barceló, AKA "Dona Las Tules", who from 1832 to 1852 became New Mexico's Wealthiest Woman through gambling and entertainment facilities in Santa Fe. (Gonzalez, Refusing the Favor, 1999)

There is a possibility that Guadalupe Miranda is related to revolutionary Francisco de Miranda.

Beaubien-Miranda Land Grant
On January 11, 1841, Governor Manuel Armijo awarded him and Charles H. Beaubien a  land grant in eastern New Mexico on the yet to be surveyed Texas border with a provision that the land be settled within two years.

Settlement was delayed by Indian attacks and other Texas invasions and agitation from Taos, New Mexico priest Antonio José Martínez who objected to non-Mexicans receiving land grants (Beaubien was from Canada although he had sworn allegiance to Mexico).  Martínez was further enraged when Miranda and Beaubien gave a quarter interest in the grant to American Charles Bent.

During the ill-fated Texas invasion of 1841, he was to intervene to prevent rioters from attacking American interests in Taos.  He was awarded a Cross of Honor for his actions in the conflict (in which the Texans had surrendered without firing a shot).

He left Taos in 1845 after never having lived on his land grants.

Ciudad Juárez Alcade
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 which ended the U.S.-Mexican War was to recognize the legitimacy of his grant.
Miranda became alcade (mayor) of Juárez.

In 1853 he was appointed Commissioner of Emigration to help Mexican citizens relocate from New Mexico including the movement to Mesilla, New Mexico, which was then in Mexico, replacing Father Ramón Ortiz.
He was to help many Mexican residents secure grants.
Much of the land where the Mexicans had moved was to be turned over to the United States in 1853 in the Gadsden Purchase.  He was to lose his own ranch after losing the paperwork.
In 1858 he sold his share of the Beaubien-Miranda grant for $2,745 to Lucien Maxwell.
In 1874 he moved back to Chihuahua.  He was to testify in various land grant cases.

Guadalupe Miranda died around 1890.

References

Guadalupe Miranda (1810-c. 1890) - Newmexicohistory.org

People from Santa Fe, New Mexico
People from Ciudad Juárez
Municipal presidents of Juárez
1810 births
1890 deaths
Hispanos
Mexican people of Spanish descent
Philmont Scout Ranch


Online traffic school (or Internet traffic school) refers to a traffic school course that is completed over the Internet.  These courses are similar in content to a traditional classroom traffic school course; however, online / internet traffic school allows the student to complete the course on his own time and at his own pace.  Internet traffic school programs were born out of the concept of “home-study” traffic school and the increasing popularity of the Internet for varied testing environments.

The main purpose of taking a traffic school course is to maintain a clean driving record, and preventing a negative point being added to your driving record. As a result, these points on your DMV record adversely affect vehicle insurance premiums, job opportunities and possible driver's license loss or suspension. The first "online traffic school" was approved in California in 1996.

Course curriculum and environment
The length and content of an online / internet traffic school curriculum is based on the requirements of the state or court that has approved the course.  Typically courses are 4–8 hours in length due to court requirements, others are dictated by word counts. California DMV is an example of a word count system.

In order to make the online delivery of the course more closely resemble that of a classroom setting, courses are created with security controls such as page timers, quizzes, security questions, videos and final exams.  These not only prevent the course taker from skipping through the material too quickly, but they also force students to pay attention to the material being presented.

State and court approval
While internet traffic school are becoming increasingly available throughout the US, there is much disagreement about the requirements governing these online courses.  Rules for online traffic schools and their course material vary greatly from state to state and even sometimes from county to county.

The states of Missouri and Idaho, for example, have few rules governing online traffic schools. Other states, such as Texas, and California, have very specific requirements that include course length, delivery, student identity verification and student participation validation.  This makes the online traffic school experience very different depending on the traffic violator's location.

There are also still many states/courts that do not approve of any Internet traffic schools. However, as acceptance of this technology becomes more mainstream, it is expected that soon, the entire United States will become eligible.

References

Road safety


Demelza Hospice Care for Children , more commonly referred to as simply 'Demelza' is a Children's hospice and a registered charity (no. 1039561) based in Kent, England, delivering clinical care and emotional support to babies, children and young people facing serious or life-limiting conditions, throughout Kent, South-East London and East Sussex.
The charity is named after Demelza Phillips, who inspired the creation of the first hospice in Sittingbourne in 1998
Demelza continues to be dedicated to reaching more children and families who need support across the South East of England.

Services
With two residential hospices in Sittingbourne, Kent and Eltham, South East London, and a community hub in East Sussex, Demelza provides clinical care, symptom and medication management, step-down care and end of life care. Support services include: day care, short breaks, community care, support during pregnancy, family liaison support, sibling support, creative therapies, bereavement services, practical support, transition and memory making.

Supporters
Demelza is supported by a number of Vice Presidents - celebrity ambassadors who help raise awareness of and funds for Demelza.

These include: actors Daniel Radcliffe and Sally Lindsay, Olympic Gold Medallists Robin Cousins and Jayne Torvill, former England footballer and BBC presenter Gary Lineker, Absolute Radio host Dave Berry), TV presenter and singer Cheryl Baker and broadcast journalist Sir Martyn Lewis.

The holder of the post of Archbishop of Canterbury is also a Vice President.

References

External links

Friends of Sussex Hospices

Hospices in England
Health in Kent
Palliative care in England
Sittingbourne
1998 establishments in England


The 345th Bombardment Group is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the Tactical Air Command at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, where it was inactivated on 25 June 1959.

During World War II the 345th Bombardment Group operated in the Southwest Pacific Theater as a North American B-25 Mitchell medium bomber unit assigned to Fifth Air Force. It was awarded both the Distinguished Unit Citation and the Philippine Presidential Unit Citation for its combat service in New Guinea; the Bismarck Archipelago, Leyte; Luzon; the Southern Philippines and China.

History

World War II
Activated on 11 November 1942, at Columbia Army Air Base, South Carolina, by Third Air Force order No. 275. Four squadrons designated 498, 499, 500, 501 were assigned to it. The 345th started with 40 officers and 350 enlisted men, commanded by then Col. Jarred V. Crabb. Full strength, the 345th would contain 250 officers and 1250 enlisted men. At Columbia and other training bases, the group trained for overseas duty with B-25 Mitchell medium bombers.

Moved to New Guinea, via Australia, April–June 1943, and assigned to Fifth Air Force. Entered combat on 30 June 1943. Operations until July 1944 included bombing and strafing Japanese airfields and installations in New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago; attacking shipping in the McCluer Gulf, Ceram Sea, and Bismarck Sea; supporting ground forces in the Admiralties; dropping supplies to ground troops; and flying courier and reconnaissance missions in the area. Received a Distinguished Unit Citation for a series of attacks against flak positions, shore installations, and barracks at Rabaul, New Britain, on 2 November 1943. Operated from Biak, July–November 1944, striking airfields and shipping in the southern Philippines and the Celebes. In November 1944 moved to the Philippines where targets included Japanese airfields and communications on Luzon, industries and communications on Formosa, and shipping along the China coast. After moving to Ie Shima in July 1945, flew some missions over Kyushu and the Sea of Japan. Selected to escort the Japanese surrender party from Japan to Ie Shima. Returned to the US in December 1945. Inactivated on 29 December 1945.

Tactical Air Command

4400th Bombardment Group
The reactivation of the 345th had its roots on 1 August 1950, when Continental Air Command organized the 2215th Combat Crew Training Squadron at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia and assigned it to Tactical Air Command (TAC). The 2215th was organized to provide training on the Douglas B-26 Invader for crews headed for the Korean War.  On 1 December 1950 TAC once more became a Major Command and the squadron was redesignated the 4440th Combat Crew Training Squadron.

As the need for trained B-26 crews expanded, the squadron became the 4400th Combat Crew Training Group on 12 March 1951 and was assigned the 4400th Training Squadron and the 4400th Maintenance Squadron. The following month, the federalized 115th, 117th and 122d Bombardment Squadrons of the Air National Guard, flying B-26s were assigned to the group.  They were joined by the 115th Bombardment Squadron in December when it was relieved from attachment to the 47th Bombardment Wing.  The three National Guard squadrons were returned to state control on 1 January 1953.  They were replaced by the regular 423d, and 422d Bombardment Squadrons,

As the training mission wound down, the group became the 4400th Bombardment Group, Tactical (Training) on 16 January 1954 and became a placeholder for the planned activation of a Martin B-57 Canberra group at Langley.  Its mission, personnel and equipment were transferred to the 345th Bombardment Group and the 4400th was discontinued on 19 July 1954.

345th group and wing
When the 4400th was replaced by the 345th Bombardment Group, three of the group's four World War II squadrons were reactivated and the 424th squadron was reassigned to the 345th group. The same month, the first Martin B-57 Canberras accepted by the Air Force were assigned to the group.  These were not bombers, but RB-57A reconnaissance models and were assigned for transition training in the Canberra. The group received its first true bomber, a B-57B before the end of the year.

Trained to maintain combat proficiency in locating, attacking, and destroying targets from all altitudes and under all conditions of weather and light. The service of the B-57 in tactical bomb groups was brief as the decision was made to phase out the B-57 in favor of supersonic tactical fighter-bombers.  On 8 October 1957. In 1957, the group was inactivated when Tactical Air Command reorganized its wings under the dual deputy system and the 345th Bombardment Wing was simultaneously activated with the group's personnel and equipment.

The 345th BW was about to inactivate at Langley AFB when one of its squadrons had to be hastily deployed in July 1958 to Incirlik Air Base, commanded by Lt. Col. C. T. Garvin, in Turkey to make a show of force in response to a crisis in Lebanon. They stayed there three months. After the Lebanon crisis was defused, the B-57Bs were returned to Langley AFB.

The inactivation of the 345th BW was further delayed by a crisis in the Taiwan Straits. In August 1958, Mainland Chinese forces began bombarding the Nationalist-held island of Quemoy. In late August, the 345th BG sent a detachment of B-57Bs to Okinawa, once again commanded by Lt. Col. C. T. Garvin, to stay on alert just in case mainland forces tried to invade Taiwan. The crisis soon cooled and hostilities were averted, and the 345th BG returned to the US to begin inactivation. This was completed in June 1959, and the unit was inactivated on 25 June.

On 31 January 1984 the 345th Bombardment Group and the 345th Bombardment Wing were consolidated into a single unit.

Lineage
345th Bombardment Group
 Constituted as the 345th Bombardment Group (Medium) on 3 September 1942
 Activated on 8 September 1942
 Inactivated on 29 December 1945
 Redesignated 345th Bombardment Group, on 22 March 1954
 Activated on 19 July 1954
 Inactivated on 8 October 1957
 Consolidated with the 345th Bombardment Wing as the 345th Bombardment Wing on 31 January 1984

345th Bombardment Wing
 Constituted as the 345th Bombardment Wing, Tactical, on 23 March 1953
 Activated on 8 October 1957
 Inactivated on 25 June 1959
 Consolidated with the 345th Bombardment Group on 31 January 1984

Assignments
 Third Air Force, 8 September 1942
 V Bomber Command, 5 June 1943 – 10 December 1945 (attached to 309th Bombardment Wing, 8 February 1945 – 25 September 1945)
 Army Service Forces, San Francisco Port of Embarkation, 27 December 1945 – 29 December 1945
 Ninth Air Force, 22 June 1954 – 8 October 1957 (attached to the 405th Fighter-Bomber Wing)
 836th Air Division, 8 October 1957 – 1 July 1959

Components
 424th Bombardment Squadron:  22 June 1954 – 19 July 1954
 498th Bombardment Squadron: 8 September 1942 – 29 December 1945; 19 July 1954 – 25 June 1959 (detached 16 July 1958 – 21 October 1958)
 499th Bombardment Squadron: 8 September 1942 – 29 December 1945; 19 July 1954 – 8 October 1957; 8 October 1957 – 25 June 1959 (detached 6 September-9 December 1958)
 500th Bombardment Squadron: 8 September 1942 – 29 December 1945; 19 July 1954 – 8 October 1957; 8 October 1957 – 25 June 1959 (not operational after 15 June 1959).
 501st Bombardment Squadron: 8 September 1942 – 29 December 1945; 19 July 1954 – 8 October 1957; 8 October 1957 – 25 June 1959 (not operational after 1 June 1959)

Stations

 Columbia Army Air Base, South Carolina, 8 September 1942
 Walterboro Army Airfield, South Carolina, 6 March-16 April 1943
 Jackson Airfield (7 Mile Drome), New Guinea, 5 June 1943
 Dobodura Airfield Complex, New Guinea, 18 January 1944
 Nadzab Airfield Complex, New Guinea, c. 16 February 1944
 Mokmer Airfield, Biak Island, Netherlands East Indies, July 1944
 Leyte, Philippines 12 November 1944
 Dulag Airfield, Leyte, Philippines, December 1944

 Tacloban Airfield, Leyte, Philippines, c. 1 January 1945
 San Marcelino Airfield, Luzon, Philippines, 13 February 1945
 Clark Field, Luzon, Philippines, 12 May 1945
 Ie Shima Airfield, Okinawa, 25 July-10 December 1945
 Camp Stoneman, California, 27–29 December 1945
 Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, 22 June 1954 – 8 October 1957; 8 October 1957 – 25 June 1959

Aircraft

 North American B-25 Mitchell, 1942–1945
 Douglas B-26 Invader, 1957
 Martin RB-57A Canberra, 1954
 Martin B-57B Canberra, 1954–1957, 1957–1959

Campaigns

 New Guinea
 Northern Solomons
 Bismarck Archipelago
 Southern Philippines
 Luzon
 Western Pacific
 China
 Ryukyus
 Air Offensive against Japan

Current Status
The 345th Bomb Group has an active reunion association holding annual reunions around the country. Additional information about the reunion association can be found at their website The 345th Bomb Group Association The group also maintains a Facebook Page, 345th Bomb Group Association.

See also
 United States Army Air Forces in Australia

References

Notes

Bibliography

Further reading

External links
The 345th Bomb Group Association
The 345th Bomb Group Association
Major General Jarred V. Crabb

Military units and formations established in 1953
345


Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans, Louisiana on August 29, 2005 and caused extensive damage to the Louisiana Superdome. As a result, the National Football League (NFL)'s New Orleans Saints were unable to play any home games at the Superdome for the entire 2005 NFL regular season. The dome was also used as a storm shelter for people who were unable to evacuate the city before the storm.

The Saints practice facility was not flooded and suffered minimal damage during the hurricane but was unable to be used by the Saints because it was being occupied by FEMA and by evacuees.

Before Hurricane Katrina
In April 2005, Tom Benson, owner of the Saints, halted lease negotiations with the state of Louisiana until after the completion of the 2005 NFL season, due to a stadium dispute. Rumors quickly began to spread that San Antonio, Texas, Albuquerque, New Mexico and Los Angeles, California were being considered as possible destinations for the team. In May, it was reported that Benson had strong interest in relocating to San Antonio due to owning a substantial amount of property in the region and having strong business interests within the city, specifically related to his car dealership empire.

After Hurricane Katrina
After practicing for approximately a week in San Jose, California, where they had evacuated in conjunction with a pre-season game against the Oakland Raiders, the team set up temporary headquarters at the San Antonio Marriott Riverwalk and Henry B. González Convention Center. Practice facilities were arranged at a sports complex adjacent to Luther Burbank High School in San Antonio, Texas.

The league then announced that although the Saints' first home game on September 18 against the New York Giants would be played at Giants Stadium at 7:30 p.m. EDT on September 19, other home games would be split between Tiger Stadium (the stadium of the LSU Tigers football) at LSU in Baton Rouge (80 miles/130 km from New Orleans), and the Alamodome in San Antonio (540 miles/869 km from New Orleans); offices and practice would remain in San Antonio throughout the season.

Prospective relocation controversy

Various media reports in the San Antonio Express-News indicated the owner and government officials in San Antonio were working behind the scenes concerning a possible permanent relocation to San Antonio. San Antonio Mayor Phil Hardberger had pushed a strong verbal campaign to pursue the Saints. Other officials, including Texas Governor Rick Perry, had indicated that they would also support a relocation to San Antonio, including using funding to upgrade the Alamodome, or possibly build a new stadium. Dallas Cowboys owner Jerry Jones, whose team currently has San Antonio as part of its territorial rights, also supported an NFL team moving to San Antonio. However, the NFL and commissioner Paul Tagliabue were both in favor of keeping the franchise in New Orleans or at least delaying a decision on a potential relocation. Other rumors of the period said that the NFL preferred to move the team to Los Angeles, or even to expand to Toronto instead, as both cities are over twice the size of San Antonio.

Many fans in Louisiana were angered and felt that Hardberger and Perry were taking advantage of New Orleans' misfortunes to try to steal the Saints. Benson's actions also drew the anger of New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin, who called Benson's actions "shameful and disrespectful" to New Orleans fans who have supported the team for nearly four decades of mostly losing seasons. San Antonio officials, on the other hand, countered that Benson may have no choice—at the time, it was thought by some that New Orleans might never fully recover as a viable location for an NFL franchise, and that they were simply giving the franchise an option to relocate and remain economically viable, in this case to a city in which Benson already lives and has business interests. Benson indicated in his open letter to the Gulf Coast that San Antonio officials were only doing what any city seeking a franchise would do—recruit the franchise.

CNN reported on September 7, 2005 that the hurricane had so badly damaged the Louisiana Superdome that it would likely have to be demolished. On October 21, Benson issued a statement saying that he had not made any decision about the future of the Saints. However, the San Antonio Express-News reported that sources close to the Saints organization said that Benson planned to void his lease agreement with New Orleans by declaring the Superdome unusable.

On October 17, Benson faced further criticism after dismissing vice president Arnold Fielkow. Reports say Fielkow was called into Benson's office, and when Fielkow refused an offer to keep information between them confidential in exchange for payment, he was fired. NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue met with Benson and Louisiana governor Kathleen Blanco at the Saints's first home game in Baton Rouge on October 30 against the Miami Dolphins. After the meeting, he stopped just short of making a formal commitment to keep the Saints in New Orleans. Said Tagliabue: "The Saints are Louisiana's team and have been since the late '60s when my predecessor Pete Rozelle welcomed them to the league as New Orleans' team and Louisiana's team. Our focus continues to be on having the Saints in Louisiana." He dispelled rumors that had the Saints relocating to Los Angeles. Tagliabue appointed an eight-owner advisory committee to help decide the team's future. Benson left the game with five minutes left in the fourth quarter. A WWL-TV camera crew recorded him leaving the stadium. Benson angrily pushed the camera away and then got into an argument with a fan. Video of the altercation was obtained by WWL-TV. Three days later, Benson issued a statement that he would no longer go to Baton Rouge for Saints home games because he felt he and his family were in danger from abuse at the game.

The following day, Benson agreed with Louisiana state officials to extend his opt out clause with the Superdome and Louisiana because of the disaster until January 2007.

In the midst of the Katrina relocation controversy, several groups of investors approached Benson with offers to buy the team and keep them in Louisiana, the most notable group being one led by Fox Sports analyst and former Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback Terry Bradshaw, who is a Louisiana native. However, Benson expressed that he had no intention of selling the team and planned to eventually hand down ownership to his granddaughter, Saints owner/executive Rita Benson LeBlanc. Benson spoke to press following an NFL owners' meeting on November 15, during which he reiterated that the team is not for sale, but also stated that other NFL owners, along with Tagliabue, were working with him to keep the team in New Orleans.

On December 5, Tagliabue met with Benson and New Orleans officials to tour the city and assess the viability of playing in New Orleans in 2006. On January 11, 2006, at a press conference in New Orleans, Tagliabue announced that the Saints would likely play all eight home games at the Superdome. Superdome officials said on January 12 that the Dome would be ready by September 1, 2006. The NFL announced on February 5, 2006, that the Superdome would reopen on September 24 when the Saints were to host the Atlanta Falcons.

Tagliabue said the team's preseason games would likely be played elsewhere in the region. He also stated that the Saints and the NFL were committed to New Orleans for the long haul.

Return to the Superdome
Starting in the fall of 2006, the Saints returned to playing all of their regular home games of the 2006 season in New Orleans at the Superdome. Their first game back in New Orleans, on September 25, 2006, was marked by a dramatic blocked punt early in the first quarter, with Steve Gleason blocking the punt and Curtis Deloatch recovering the ball in the Falcons' end zone for a touchdown. It was the first score in the Saints' first game in New Orleans in nearly 21 months.  The Saints won the game and, unexpectedly, went on to have the most successful season in their history up to that time, reaching the NFC Championship Game for the first time in franchise history.

In April 2009, the franchise reached a deal that would keep the Saints in New Orleans until at least 2025, and a deal with the NFL that awarded them the Super Bowl after defeating the Minnesota Vikings.  In the 2009 season, the Saints finished 13–3 and defeated the Indianapolis Colts in Super Bowl XLIV.  In July 2012, Rebirth, a statue depicting Gleason blocking the punt, was erected outside the Superdome; a news report commented that the blocked punt "etched Steve Gleason into Saints lore and became symbolic of New Orleans' resilience in the face of disaster".

See also
 Effect of Hurricane Katrina on the Louisiana Superdome
 Effect of Hurricane Katrina on the New Orleans Hornets

References

New Orleans Saints
Saints
2005 National Football League season
Katrina NOS


The Sluch or Northern Sluch (; ; ; ) is a river in Belarus. Rising in Minsk Oblast, it flows past the cities of Salihorsk and Slutsk, finally emptying into the Pripyat. It is  long, and has a drainage basin of .

The  (also spelled Morocz or Morach), a right tributary of the Sluch, originates in the . Under Article 2 of the Treaty of Riga (1921), it defined part of the border between Poland and the Soviet Union.

See also
Sluch (Ukraine), or Southern Sluch

References

Rivers of Brest Region
Rivers of Gomel Region
Rivers of Minsk Region
Rivers of Belarus


James William Carling (31 December 1857 – 9 July 1887) was a pavement artist from Liverpool, England.

Carling was born on 31 December 1857 at 38 Addison Street, Liverpool. His parents Henry and Rose had been married in Roscommon, Ireland, his father's original surname was Carolan, anglicised to Carling following his emigration to England after being evicted during the Irish Famine. His mother's maiden name was Lynch. His mother died when he was aged only 6 years. His father died 4 years after the death of his mother. From an early age James was known as the "little drawer" or "THE LITTLE CHALKER" and used Liverpool's street pavements for his art and to beg for money. He attended Holy Cross School in Fontenoy Street. After he was arrested by a policeman on Christmas Eve  in 1865 and a week in a workhouse, he was sent to St George's Roman Catholic Boys Industrial School in Everton, Liverpool.

After leaving the industrial school in 1871, he travelled to America to join his elder brother Henry and to attempt to become as successful an artist as Henry. While in America, James supported himself as a sidewalk artist and Vaudeville caricaturist. In Chicago, aged 23 years, he entered a competition in Harper's Magazine to illustrate a special edition of the Edgar Allan Poe poem The Raven. He was unsuccessful but his drawings are now exhibited in the Edgar Allan Poe Museum in Richmond, Virginia.

James Carling returned to Liverpool in 1887 with intentions to further his artwork and career. He became ill and was admitted to Liverpool Workhouse on 17 June 1887. He died on 9 July 1887 aged 29 and was buried in an unmarked pauper's grave at Walton Park Cemetery due to there being no known next of kin information for him.

Carling's life and times are celebrated annually in his birthplace Liverpool, England, with The James Carling International Pavement Art Competition. This takes place on Bold Street, the very street where, as James Carling puts it, "I not only could not draw in that street, I could not walk in it”

Quotes
From his unpublished Autobiography

"People prone to look upon the surface (and even the best judges of character, keenest of observers never see the life below the lower classes when occupying a niche or two above the class they  would seek to hear about) are in utter ignorance concerning the desperate lives of the ragged children around them. They imagine because their accents are rough and their habits typical of the boxing den that their poverty and neglect of person are attributable to their innate ignorance and their natural depravity—but let one of them state that it is not their vulgarity. Refine and tone the boisterous gamin, give him the chances that your delicate aristocrats have, and the boy that dips his head in the mud for ha’penniers is not only the equal of your Norman descended scions but by the law of the fittest and the rule of the future, his superior in theory as well as in practice, and I know it!

Alas for them, they have no champions; none have ever drawn the sword in defence of the prodigy in rags. His brain develops in an iron mask, no room nor show for the poverty stricken genius. Others with lesser minds usurp the place of the natural nobility and the bright sons of the streets cut off in a land where talents are smothered, sink down like the sun in the shadow of poverty and crime.

Yet they shall be heard from in the bye and bye. This narrative—a still small voice, may herald the thunders of a future race and I launch this book like an old bottle upon the waters—to read when I am gone, when I have fretted my busy hour and am seen no more.”

Gallery

Illustrations for The Raven

Bibliography
 James Carling illustrations of Edgar Allan Poe's The Raven. .
 Kelly, Michael. Liverpool's Irish Connection. .

References

External links

 Scottie Press: James William Carling
 The Poe Museum
 ALL MY OWN WORK- A History of Pavement Art
 Liverpool's Irish Connection

1857 births
1887 deaths
Artists from Liverpool
Pavement artists