Don Manuel Luis de Godoy y Tudó, Álvarez de Faria Rios y Catalán (March 29, 1805 in Madrid – August 24, 1871 in Madrid) was a Spanish aristocrat, son of Manuel de Godoy, Prince of the Peace and his second wife Josefa de Tudó, 1st Countess of Castillo Fiel, Dama de Honor de Su Majestad la Reina y Dama Noble de la Orden de Maria Luisa.

He inherited his mother's titles and / or representations and solely his father's Italian titles and dignities, the one which could only be used through male line, and was 2nd Principe de Bassano y Principe Romano de Godoy (1851), 2nd Conde de Castillo Fiel with a Coat of Arms of de Tudó (of which was passed a successory Royal Order on October 28, 1870, not getting to receive Royal Dispatch for having died almost subsequently), Knight of the Habit of the Spanish Military Order of Santiago (1867), Bailly Great Cross of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, Commander of the Order of Christ in Rome, and the Order of Avis in Portugal, etc.

Marriage and children
He married in Paris, November 15, 1827, with María Carolina Crowe y O’Donovan O’Neill (London, 1807 – Paris, December 4, 1878), an Irish-Spanish (who was maid of honour to the Empress Eugénie de Montijo), the daughter of Sir Lawrence Crowe, Lord of St Stephen's Green House, and Lucinda O’Donovan O’Neill, both from Dublin, Ireland, and had five children:

 Manuel de Godoy di Bassano, 3rd Prince Godoy di Bassano
 Matilde de Godoy di Bassano, 4th Countess of Castillo Fiel
 Josefa de Godoy di Bassano, 2nd Viscountess of Rocafuerte
 Don Carlos de Godoy de Bassano y Crowe dei principi Godoy di Bassano, (Roma, December 12, 1835 – La Habana, March 1, 1862), married in 1859 with Doña Francisca Díaz Cañizares y de Pina. His only daughter, Doña Francisca de Godoy y Diaz Cañizares, still living in 1871 in San Jose de Arroyo Blanco, Santo Spiritus, La Habana, Cuba, where she died later.
 Donna María Luisa Cristina (Marie Louise Christine) de Godoy de Bassano y Crowe, de Tudó y O'Donovan, dei principi Godoy di Bassano, (Marseille, January 12, 1839 – Paris, January 28, 1880), married firstly in Paris, August 4, 1859 Ernest Alexandre Louis Charles Napoléon Auguste, Prinz von Looz und Corswarem (Bonlez, September 5, 1834 – Bonlez, December 12, 1868), son of Charles Franz Wilhelm Ferdinand 6th Herzog von Looz und Corswarem, and wife Hermine Anna Gertrude Jacqueline Baronne van Lockhorst, and had three children, secondly with William Abbott, without issue, and thirdly with Richard Seaver, Major of the British Army, without issue:
 Charles Emmanuel Ernest Alexander Arnold 8th Herzog von Looz und Corswarem (in succession of his uncle the 7th Herzog Charles Leopold August Ludwig Philipp, who deceased leaving only female issue now extinct) (Chateau de Niel, Paris, April 15, 1860 – August 8, 1946), etc., married in Paris, January 25, 1890, annulled by trial of February 20, 1891, Maria Helena de Portugal de Faria, 1st Pontificious Countess de Portugal de Faria (Lisbon, March 19, 1866 – November 20, 1957), daughter of Augusto de Faria, 1st Visconde de Faria, and wife Maria do Ó Barreiros Arrobas de Portugal da Silveira de Barros e Vasconcelos, without issue
Manuela Prinzessin von Looz und Corswarem (Chateau de Niel, Paris, November 5, 1861 – January 31, 1919), married on June 13, 1881 Henri André Othon, Baron de Bogaerde de Terbruggen (? – September 26, 1896)
Ludwig Prinz von Looz und Corswarem (Bonlez, Belgique, March 20, 1867 – July 15, 1921), unmarried and without issue

References
 Affonso, Domingos de Araújo and Valdez, Rui Dique Travassos, Livro de Oiro da Nobreza (3 volumes), Volume 1, p. 491-8, Lisbon, 1938.
 Zúquete, Afonso Eduardo Martins, Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil (3 Volumes), Volume Second, p. 569-71, Lisbon, 1960.
 Instituto de Sala

1805 births
1871 deaths
19th-century Spanish nobility
19th-century Italian nobility
Manuel 02
Manuel 02


Vero is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica.

Population

See also
Communes of the Corse-du-Sud department

References

Communes of Corse-du-Sud


Frederick Weber may refer to:

 Frederick Weber (fencer) (1905–1994), American fencer and pentathlete
 Frederick T. Weber (1916–1942), American naval aviator
 Frederick Theodore Weber (1883–1956), American painter, sculptor, and etcher
 Frederick Parkes Weber (1863–1962), English dermatologist
 Frederick Johann Weber (1881–1967), American photographer

See also
Fred Webber (Frederick John Webber; 1883–1966), Australian rules footballer
Fred Weber, American singer
Fred J. Weber (1919–2007), justice of the Montana Supreme Court


Time and the Gods is an omnibus collection of fantasy stories by Anglo-Irish writer Lord Dunsany. It was first published by Orion Books in 2000 as the second volume of their Fantasy Masterworks series. This omnibus contains all the stories from Dunsany's earlier collections: The Gods of Pegāna (1905), Time and the Gods (1906), The Sword of Welleran and Other Stories (1908), A Dreamer's Tales (1910), The Book of Wonder (1912), and The Last Book of Wonder (1916).

Contents
Part One: Time and the Gods
"Time and the Gods"
"The Coming of the Sea"
"A Legend of the Dawn"
"The Vengeance of Men"
"When the Gods Slept"
"The King That Was Not"
"The Cave of Kai"
"The Sorrow of Search"
"The Men of Yarnith"
"For the Honour of the Gods"
"Night and Morning"
"Usury"
"Mlideen"
"The Secret of the Gods"
"The South Wind"
"In the Land of Time"
"The Relenting of Sardinac"
"The Jest of the Gods"
"The Dreams of the Prophet"
"The Journey of the King"
Part Two: The Sword of Welleran
"The Sword of Welleran"
"The Fall of Bubbulkund"
"The Kith of the Elf-Folk"
"The Highwayman"
"In the Twilight"
"The Ghosts"
"The Whirlpool"
"The Hurricane"
"The Fortress Unvanquishable, Save for Sacnoth"
"The Lord of Cities"
"The Doom of La Traviata"
"On the Dry Land"
Part Three: A Dreamer's Tales
"Poltarnees, Beholder of Ocean"
"Bladgaross"
"The Madness of Andelsprutz"
"Where the Tides Ebb and Flow"
"Bethmoora"
"Idle Days on the Yann"
"The Sword and the Idol"
"The Idle City"
"The Hashish Man"
"Poor Old Bill"
"The Beggars"
"Carcassonne"
"In Zaccarath"
"The Field"
"The Day of the Poll"
"The Unhappy Body"
Part Four: The Book of Wonder
"The Bride of the Man-Horse"
"The Distressing Tale of Thangobrind the Jeweller"
"The House of the Sphinx"
"The Probable Adventure of the Three Literary Men"
"The Injudicious Prayers of Pombo the Idolator"
"The Loot of Bombasharna"
"Miss Cubbidge and the Dragon of Romance"
"The Quest of the Queen's Tears"
"The Hoard of the Gibbelins"
"How Nuth Would Have Practised His Art upon the Gnoles"
"How One Came, as Was Foretold, to the City of Never"
"The Coronation of Mr. Thomas Shap"
"Chu-Bu and Sheemish"
"The Wonderful Window"
"Epiloge"
Part Five: The Last Book of Wonder
"A Tale of London"
"Thirteen at Table"
"The City on Mallington Moor"
"Why the Milkman Shudders When He Perceives the Dawn"
"The Bad Old Woman in Black"
"The Bird of the Difficult Eye"
"The Long Porter's Tale"
"The Loot of Loma"
"The Secret of the Sea"
"How Ali Came to the Black Country"
"The Bureau d'Echange de Maux"
"A Story of Land and Sea"
"A Tale of the Equator"
"A Narrow Escape"
"The Watch-Tower"
"How Plash-Goo Came to the Land of None's Desire"
"The Three Sailors' Gambit"
"The Exiles' Club"
"The Three Infernal Jokes"
Part Six: The Gods of Pegāna
"Preface"
"The Gods of Pegāna"
"Of Skarl the Drummer"
"Of the Making of the Worlds"
"Of the Game of the Gods"
"The Chaunt of the Gods"
"The Sayings of Kib"
"Concerning Sish"
"The Sayings of Slid"
"The Deeds of Mung"
"The Chaunt of the Priests"
"The Sayings of Limpang-Tung"
"Of Yoharneth-Lahai"
"Of Roon, the God of Going"
"The Revolt of the Home Gods"
"Of Dorozhand"
"The Eye in the Waste"
"Of the Thing That Is Neither God Nor Beast"
"Yonath the Prophet"
"Yug the Prophet"
"Alhireth-Hotep the Prophet"
"Kabok the Prophet"
"Of the Calamity That Befel Yūn-Ilāra"
"Of How the Gods Whelmed Sidith"
"Of How Imbaun Became High Prophet in Aradec of All the Gods Save One"
"Of How Imbaun Met Zodrak"
"Pegāna"
"The Sayings of Imbaun"
"Of How Imbaun Spake of Death to the King"
"Of Ood"
"The River"
"The Bird of Doom and the End"

References

2000 short story collections
Fantasy short story collections
Short story collections by Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany


DS Penske (formerly Dragon Racing) is a French (formerly American) auto racing team that is involved in many areas of motorsport. Dragon Racing was founded in 2007 by Jay Penske and Stephen J. Luczo. The team competed in the IndyCar Series from 2007 until 2014, and in 2014 Dragon Racing became one of the founding Formula E teams. It currently competes under the name DS Penske, having been known as GEOX Dragon between 2014 and 2019 and Dragon / Penske Autosport between 2020 and 2022.

Notable Dragon Racing drivers include Jérôme d'Ambrosio, Sébastien Bourdais, Loïc Duval, Ryan Briscoe, Paul Tracy and Tomas Scheckter.

History

Luczo Dragon Racing
The team debuted as Luczo Dragon Racing in 2007. The team fielded a one-off entry at the 2007 Indianapolis 500 with a loanee driver Ryan Briscoe. Jay Penske and Stephen J. Luczo were co-owners. Briscoe qualified 7th and finished 5th at Indianapolis 500. The car was notable for being painted in a "retro" paint schemes to resemble Rick Mears' 1988 Indianapolis 500 winning car, with Symantec software as the lead sponsor.

Luczo Dragon ran a six-race schedule in 2008 including the Indianapolis 500 with IndyCar veteran Tomas Scheckter, this time without support or cars from Penske Racing. While qualifying well, qualifying 3rd and leading numerous laps at the Indy 500 before being knocked out by mechanical trouble.

The team expanded to a full-time entrant in 2009, fielding 2008 Indy Lights champion Raphael Matos. Matos and the Dragon Racing team went on to win the Rookie of Year honors in 2009 and scored multiple top-10 finishes.

Dragon Racing
In February 2011, Jay Penske re-branded the team as Dragon Racing in April 2011 and jointly announced that Paul Tracy had signed a five-race deal to compete for the team. Additionally the team entered two cars in the Indy 500 for drivers Scott Speed and Ho-Pin Tung. Tung crashed his car during qualifying and suffered a concussion crashing with only two corners to go, Tung would have qualified in the top 5. Scott Speed was unable to get his car up to speed, and the team let him go during practice.

In January 2012, Dragon Racing had operations in Indianapolis and Los Angeles. It entered two cars in the 2012 IndyCar Series season; one driven by Katherine Legge, and the other driven by four-time Champ Car champion Sébastien Bourdais, but on June 1, 2012, it was revealed that they would reduce operations to just 1 team with Bourdais driving the street courses and Legge on the ovals. Bourdais finished 25th in points with a best finish of fourth. Legge finished 26th with a best finish of 9th.

On February 12, 2013, it was announced that Sebastián Saavedra would be joining the team for the 2013 season in the No. 6 car while Bourdais would return in the No. 7. Bourdais and team continued to dominate at Road and Street courses capturing three podium finishes, including two in the double-header in Toronto. Saavedra finished 21st in points, last among full-time drivers, with two top-10 finishes. In 2014, the team left IndyCar racing to focus on the new Formula E electric powered series.

Formula E
On September 25, 2013, it was announced that Dragon Racing would be joining Formula E with Jay Penske leading the team. Dragon would be the second American team to join as Andretti Autosport had already announced their entry by then.

2014–15 season

In July 2014, Dragon announced Mike Conway as their first driver. Later that month, Jérôme d'Ambrosio was announced as the second driver. Conway would actually not make his debut as his seat was taken over by Oriol Servià, who also got signed back in March 2014. Servià only competed in the first four races however, despite finishing on points in all of them. Loïc Duval then stepped in for the rest of the season, beginning from the 2015 Miami ePrix.

After a very successful second half of the season, Dragon finished second in Teams' Championship with 171 points.

2015–16 season
Dragon decided not to build their own powertrain for the 2015–16 season and instead made a deal with Venturi to supply their VM200-FE-01 powertrains to the team. Dragon did not change their driver lineup from the previous year and continued to use d'Ambrosio and Duval.

After a slight dip in performance, Dragon finished fourth in Teams' Championship with 143 points.

2016–17 season

Prior to the 2016–17 season, Dragon made a deal with Faraday Future, who became the title sponsor of the team and also a technical partner. The partnership would come to a close at the end of 2017. Dragon ended the Venturi partnership and became a manufacturer, developing their own powertrains. The pairing of d'Ambrosio and Duval was once again retained, though Mike Conway, the team's supposed first driver in the 2014–15 season, subbed for Duval at the 2016 Paris ePrix.

As a manufacturer, Dragon fell into eighth place in Teams' Championship, scoring only 33 points with no podium finishes.

2017–18 season
Duval left the team and was replaced by Neel Jani. Jani would only make a single appearance at the 2017 Hong Kong ePrix double-header, with José María López replacing Jani for the rest of the season. The team ran two different liveries simultaneously. for each of their drivers. D'Ambrosio was given a red metallic car while Jani/López ran a white car.

Despite scoring 41 points, which was more than in the previous year, Dragon fell to ninth place in Teams' Championship.

2018–19 season

For the 2018–19 season, the team got rebranded to GEOX Dragon, reflecting the new sponsorship deal with Geox. D'Ambrosio left the team to join Mahindra Racing, which prompted Dragon to promote their reserve driver Maximilian Günther to the empty seat. Prior to the 2019 Mexico City ePrix, Günther was replaced by Felipe Nasr. Günther got back into the seat at the Rome ePrix as Nasr had other commitments. Nasr would never return to Dragon again, however.

Dragon would once again worsen their position as they only scored 23 points, which was enough for tenth place in Teams' Championship.

2019–20 season
In addition to being a manufacturer, Dragon also became the new suppliers of the Nio 333 FE Team. NIO bought the year-old Penske EV-3 powertrains and rebadged them. For the 2019–20 season, Dragon introduced a new driver lineup consisting of Brendon Hartley and Nico Müller. In March 2020, Dragon committed to their manufacturer status for another two seasons. Hartley left the team in July and was replaced by Sérgio Sette Câmara.

Dragon have fallen down to eleventh place in Teams' Championship, scoring just two points with Hartley's P9 finish in the second race of the 2019 Diriyah ePrix.

2020–21 season

In November 2020, Sette Câmara was confirmed as a full-time driver for the upcoming 2020–21 season. The following month, Müller was confirmed as his partner. Dragon would start the season with the Penske EV-4 powertrain from the previous season, only switching to Penske EV-5 at the 2021 Monaco ePrix. In February 2021, Dragon announced a technical partnership with Bosch, who will help develop Dragon's powertrains for the Gen3 era of Formula E.

In the chaotic first race of the Valencia ePrix, Müller scored Dragon's first Gen2 era podium with a second-place finish after many cars had to retire or were disqualified due to running out of energy. For the 2021 Puebla ePrix, Joel Eriksson replaced Müller due to a date clash with his DTM commitments. On July 3, 2021, Müller announced on his Twitter account that he and Dragon decided to part ways, effectively keeping Eriksson in his seat for the rest of the season.

Sponsors

Drivers

Indycar

 Ryan Briscoe (2007)
 Tomas Scheckter (2008)
 Raphael Matos (2009–2010)
 Patrick Carpentier1 (2011)
 Scott Speed1 (2011)
 Paul Tracy (2011)
 Ho-Pin Tung (2011)
 Katherine Legge (2012)
 Sébastien Bourdais (2012–2013)
 Sebastián Saavedra (2013)

Formula E

 Oriol Servià (2014-2015)
 Jérôme d'Ambrosio (2014–2018)
 Loïc Duval (2015–2017)
 Mike Conway (2017)
 Neel Jani (2017)
 Maximilian Günther (2018–2019)
 José María López (2018–2019)
 Felipe Nasr (2019)
 Brendon Hartley (2019)
 Nico Müller (2019–2021)
 Sérgio Sette Câmara (2020–2022)
 Joel Eriksson (2021)
 Antonio Giovinazzi (2022)
 Stoffel Vandoorne (2023-present)
 Jean-Éric Vergne (2023-present)

Racing results

Complete Formula E results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

Notes
  – In the inaugural season, all teams were supplied with a spec powertrain by McLaren.
 † – Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.

Other teams supplied by Dragon

Notes
  – The powertrain is a rebadged Penske EV-3.

Complete IndyCar Series results
(key)

 With support from Team Penske.
 Non-points-paying, exhibition race.
 The 2011 Las Vegas race was abandoned following a Lap 11 fatal crash that damaged the circuit.  Under INDYCAR rules, 101 of 200 laps had to be completed for a legal race.

Footnotes

References

External links

 Dragon Racing Official Website
Formula E team page

2007 establishments in the United States
Formula E teams
Auto racing teams established in 2007


Villanova (; ) is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica.

Population

See also
Communes of the Corse-du-Sud department

References

Communes of Corse-du-Sud


The tree bumblebee or new garden bumblebee (Bombus hypnorum) is a species of bumblebee common in the European continent and parts of Asia. Since the start of the twenty-first century, it has spread to Great Britain. These bumblebees prefer habitats that others do not, allowing them to pollinate flowers in areas that many other species do not get to.

Description
Bombus hypnorum has a short proboscis and a rounded head. The thorax is usually of a uniformly ginger color (but examples with a darker, or even black thorax occur), the abdomen is covered in black hair, and the tail is always white. In workers, the first tergite (abdominal segment) is black-haired, but a proportion of males may have ginger hairs intermixed with the black hair, both on the face and on the first abdominal tergum. On the European continent, individuals with extended yellow coloration exist. Workers are often (but not always) small, while drones are much bigger in comparison. The queens vary in size.

Taxonomy and phylogeny
Bombus hypnorum is part of the genus Bombus. Its closest genetic relatives are B. jonellus and B. sichelli.

Distribution

B. hypnorum is a common bumblebee species in continental Europe and northern Asia, from northern France to Kamchatka in the east, and from the Pyrenees to the mountains in northern Europe. In the Balkans it is found in northwestern Greece. It is not found, though, in the Mediterranean, or the steppes of eastern Europe, only in the mountains of the Iberian Peninsula and not south of Tuscany in Italy. The bumblebee was first observed in United Kingdom on 17 July 2001 close to the village of Landford in Wiltshire and has since been spreading widely. In August 2008, B. hypnorum was found in Iceland, and new queens have been found each year since. It is likely that it will continue to stay in Iceland and prosper in close living with humans near dense settlements, such as Reykjavík, but will most probably not venture into the more rural and colder parts of Iceland. In the U.K., it has now spread from England up to the north of Scotland and Wales. It reached Ireland in 2017.

Habitat
This bumblebee often lives near human settlements. It prefers to build its nest above ground and often inhabits bird boxes. B. hypnorum likes to live in forests, but in places where there are not as many trees, it favours human dwellings. It likes to live in holes and walls in the trees unlike other members of the Bombus species. B. hypnorum does not stay in areas where there is a high amount of rapeseed cover.

Nest
The nest is quite large, with 150 workers or more (according to some authorities up to 400). This species stores pollen in separate cells, and feeds each larva individually.  It visits an enormous range of flowering plants such as Rhododendron, cherry, grape hyacinth and, in the north, blueberry and Vaccinium. It is also an important visitor to raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.).

Nest usurpation
There have been dead queens around colonies that are established, so this may have been a result of one queen usurping another colony and keeping some of the workers of the original colony.

Colony cycle
The tree bumblebee has a short breeding cycle. Nests are begun by single queens in March. These queens produce a brood of workers, then queens and males. The first cycle is completed from mid-May to early July (depending on the season). A smaller second generation is produced in late summer in favorable years. Larger colonies have heavier queens.

Colony life
Development of larvae into a queen or a worker is determined by the amount of food that was given to them. Workers have a shorter development time than the queens. The queens have a higher amount of juvenile hormone than the workers as larvae.

Caste system
Compared to Bombus terrestris, B. hypnorum has a weaker caste system in addition to a smaller overall colony. An important determinant in caste hierarchy is how much food the larva receive during its development. When they are older, they are seen to organize themselves by using the information they obtain from cues in odor pattern and arrange themselves into groups this way.

Worker groups
There are three worker groups in the colony. They are dominant workers, subordinate workers, and foragers. Dominant workers were aggressive towards other workers by attacking and sometimes even biting others. They can show this dominance without fighting by giving off a certain odor that is similar to the queen's.

Breeding
Queens in this species can be polyandrous.  Multiple mating is not common in bumblebees. In this species it is related to short matings, possibly with little sperm transferred. Because of multiple mating, sisters in a colony may have different fathers.

Behaviour

Mating behaviour
There are two parts to mating: approach and copulation. First there is the approach part where the male checks out the female. The male would approach a queen and then hover in the air for a few seconds using his antennae to inspect the female. If this male is the same species, then he will land and continue inspection using his antennae.  The male mounts her by using his front legs on her abdomen and then mounts from the rear. Then he attempts to copulate with her. Females have a mandibular gland that releases a pheromone that the males react to so that they will know of their receptiveness. Males use their legs to tap on the abdomen of the female for a few seconds in ten second intervals. Males of B. hypnorum copulate for about 20-40 min.

Mating frequency and duration
Females in this species are unlike other species where they usually only mate once. B. hypnorum can mate 2-3 times in their lifetime; however, this is not always the case. It has been observed that a female can mate up to 6 times. When looking at the second mating, it does not seem to be shorter or longer than the first mating, but they are usually shorter than the females that have mated only once in their lifetime. This can be due to the fact that the mating plugs disappear relatively quickly, in 6–12 hours. However observed matings may not be the same as actual sperm transfer, though from this also, it is clear that multiple mating occurs in this species.

Conflict

Queen–worker conflict
Social bees are of the order Hymenoptera. The female workers are more genetically related to each other than to their brothers because males are haploid, giving an identical set of chromosomes to their daughters.

Worker–worker conflict
There seems to be a hierarchy around the egg-laying workers in the nest. While the queen was alive, this bee would eat any other workers that were laying eggs in the nest. If this worker dies, the next in the hierarchy would start up this act as well and at the same time defend her own eggs.

Genetic relatedness within colonies
The relatedness from sister to sister is 75% and from sister to brother is 25%. This is because females are diploid and males are unfertilized haploid.  The Queen has equal genetic relatedness to both her sons and daughters so she wants to lay an equal ratio of children. Since B. hypnorum also can mate with more than one male, then the colony has groups of related females. In these colonies, the queen has sex ratio control so the offspring are equally male and female.

Interactions

They maintain a symbiotic relationship with phoretic mites, which they transport, and which probably feed on mushrooms or nest parasites.

Social parasite
B. norvegicus is a social parasite that affects B. hypnorum. B. norvegicus can produce a repellant to combat invading workers. This is very strong on B. hypnorum workers that have not had food yet. The biggest component of this repellant, dodecyl acetate, together with other compounds, repels B. hypnorum which makes B. hypnorum take longer to get to food and slower to get there. This makes it harder for B. hypnorum to commit nest usurpation in their nests.

Diet
B. hypnorum has the biggest preference for the flowering trees Crateagus monogyna and Prunus spinosa compared to other types of bumble bees.  Also compared to other bees, B. hypnorum has less of a preference for Brassica naptus, Glechoma hederacea and Lamium album.

Olfactory senses
Workers and males have similar responses to chemical stimuli; however, the males are just slightly more responsive. Queens have the highest response overall.

Humans
The tree bumblebee is generally quite docile, but if disturbed, it can defend its nest proactively and it has been known to sting people whom it perceives as a threat.

References

External links
 Bombus hypnorum distribution map at DiscoverLife.org
 Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society: page on Bombus hypnorum
 Hymettus information sheet on tree bee
  Video about Bombus Hypnorum

Bumblebees
Hymenoptera of Asia
Hymenoptera of Europe
Bees described in 1758
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus


The Diocese of Calahorra and La Calzada-Logroño () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Calahorra, Santo Domingo de la Calzada, and Logroño in the ecclesiastical province of Pamplona y Tudela in Spain.

There are cathedrals in Calahorra, Santo Domingo de la Calzada and Logroño.

Names
In 463, the Diocese of Calahorra was established. In 1232, "y La Calzada" was added. It became the Diocese of Calahorra y La Calzada – Logroño on 9 March 1959.

Bishops

To 1453
Rodrigo de Cascante (1170–1190)
Bishop García (1190–?)
Juan de Préjano (1197–1202)
Juan García de Agoncilo (1207–1216)
Guillermo Durán y Rodrigo de Basín (1217–1221)
Juan Pérez (1226 Appointed – 1237 Died)
Jerónimo Aznar (1238–1263)
Vivián (1263–1273)
Esteban de Sepúlveda (1273–1280)
Rodrigo Jiménez (1281–1282)
Martín García (1283–1286) Appointed Bishop of Astorga
Bishop Blas (1286–1287)
Juan Almoravid (5 Jan 1287 – 9 Jun 1300) Appointed Archbishop of Sevilla
Fernando González (13 Jun 1300 – 6 May 1303)
Rodrigo Ordóñez (1304–1311)
Miguel Romero de Yanguas (1313–1325)
Juan de Santo Domingo (1326–1346)
Pedro (1346–1347)
Lope de Fontecha (1348–1351)
Fernando Manuel (1352–1362)
Robert Le Coq (1362–1373)
Gonzalo Mena Roelas (16 Nov 1373 – 11 Aug 1382) Appointed Bishop of Burgos
Juan de Villacreces (1382–1394)
Juan Ramírez de Guzmán (1394 Jan 28 – 1403 Jul 30) Appointed Bishop of Avila
Fernando Manuel (1403–1408)
Diego López de Zúñiga (1408–1443)
Pedro López de Miranda (1443–1453)

1453–1953
Pedro González de Mendoza (28 Nov 1453 – 30 Oct 1467 Appointed, Bishop of Sigüenza)
Rodrigo Sánchez de Arévalo (1468–1469) Appointed Bishop of Palencia
Juan Diaz de Coca (13 Feb 1470 – 12 Mar 1477 Died)
Pedro Aranda (1477 – 1494 Died)
Juan Ortega Bravo de la Laguna (6 Sep 1499 – 5 May 1503 Appointed, Bishop of Coria)
Fadrique de Portugal Noreña, O.S.B. (5 May 1503 – 22 Dec 1508 Appointed, Bishop of Segovia)
Juan Fernández Velasco (22 Dec 1505 – 22 Jul 1514 Appointed, Bishop of Palencia)
Jaime Serra i Cau (5 Jul 1514 – 25 May 1515 Resigned)
Juan Castellanos de Villalba (25 May 1515 – 23 Aug 1522 Died)
Alonso de Castilla Zúniga (11 Mar 1523 – 8 Feb 1541 Died)
Antonio Ramírez de Haro (27 Jun 1541 – 6 Aug 1543 Appointed, Bishop of Segovia)
Juan Yanes (24 Sep 1543 – 24 Dec 1544 Died)
Juan Bernal Díaz de Luco (17 Apr 1545 – 6 Sep 1556 Died)
Diego Fernández de Córdoba Velasco (1 Oct 1557 – 15 Sep 1558 Died)
Juan Quiñones Guzmán (2 Aug 1559 – 14 Sep 1576 Died)
Juan Ochoa Salazar (11 Sep 1577 – 7 Aug 1587 Appointed, Bishop of Plasencia)
Antonio Manrique, O.F.M. (7 Aug 1587 – 30 Jan 1589 Died)
Pedro Portocarrero (bishop) (20 Mar 1589 – 12 Jan 1594 Appointed, Bishop of Córdoba)
Pedro Manso Zuñiga (23 Mar 1594 – 12 Sep 1612 Died)
Pedro Zamora (29 Jul 1613 – 4 Oct 1613 Died)
Pedro González del Castillo (17 Feb 1614 – 5 Aug 1627 Died)
Miguel Ayala (5 May 1628 – 19 Aug 1632 Died)
Gonzalo Chacón Velasco y Fajardo (31 Jan 1633 – 27 May 1642 Died)
Juan Piñeiro Osorio (13 Jul 1643 – 21 Oct 1647 Appointed, Bishop of Pamplona)
Juan Juániz de Echalar (16 Dec 1647 – 13 Oct 1656 Died)
Martín López de Hontiveros (18 Jun 1657 – 30 Sep 1658 Confirmed, Archbishop of Valencia)
Fernando Heras Manrique (2 Dec 1658 – 1659 Died)
Bernardo de Hontiveros, O.S.B. (9 Jun 1659 – 3 Nov 1662 Died)
José de la Peña García de Ceniceros (27 Aug 1663 – 23 May 1667 Died)
Francisco Rodríguez Castañón (12 Dec 1667 – 1669 Died)
Gabriel de Esparza Pérez (2 Jun 1670 – 10 Jan 1686 Died)
Pedro de Lepe Orantes (Lope y Dorantes) (12 Aug 1686 – 5 Dec 1700 Died)
Francisco Antonio de Borja-Centelles y Ponce de Léon (18 Jul 1701 – 3 Apr 1702 Appointed, Archbishop of Burgos)
Ildefonso de Mena y Borja (8 May 1702 – 4 Oct 1714 Died)
Antonio Horcasitas y Avellaneda (18 Mar 1715 – 21 Dec 1716 Died)
José Espejo y Cisneros (2 Jul 1717 – 8 Apr 1747 Retired)
Diego Rojas y Contreras (6 May 1748 – 12 Mar 1753 Appointed, Bishop of Cartagena (en España))
Andrés Porras y Termes (26 Sep 1753 – 16 Jun 1764 Died)
Juan Luengo Pinto (17 Dec 1764 – 17 Apr 1784 Died)
Pedro Luis Ozta Múzquiz (27 Jun 1785 – 20 Jan 1789 Died)
Francisco Mateo Aguiriano Gómez † (29 Mar 1790 – 21 Sep 1813 Died)
Atanasio Puyal y Poveda (26 Sep 1814 – 21 Oct 1827 Died)
Ignacio Ribes Mayor (15 Dec 1828 – 24 Feb 1832 Confirmed, Archbishop of Burgos)
Pablo García Abella, C.O. (15 Apr 1833 – 17 Jan 1848 Confirmed, Archbishop of Valencia)
Gaspar Cos y Soberón (3 Jul 1848 – 15 Dec 1848 Died)
Miguel José Irigoyen (20 May 1850 – 18 Feb 1852 Died)
Cipriano Juárez y Berzosa (27 Sep 1852 – 23 May 1858 Died)
Antolín Monescillo y Viso (22 Jul 1861 – 27 Mar 1865 Confirmed, Bishop of Jaén)
Fabián Sebastián Arenzana y Magdaleno (25 Sep 1865 – 9 Nov 1874 Died)
Gabino Catalina y del Amo (5 Jul 1875 – 11 Jan 1882 Died)
Antonio María Cascajares y Azara (27 Mar 1884 – 17 Dec 1891 Confirmed, Archbishop of Valladolid)
Fidel García Martínez (25 Aug 1927 – 7 May 1953 Resigned)

Since 1953
Abilio del Campo y de la Bárcena (7 May 1953 – 20 December 1976 Resigned)
Francisco Alvarez Martínez (20 December 1976 – 12 May 1989 Appointed, Bishop of Orihuela-Alicante)
Ramón Búa Otero (14 September 1989 – 15 September 2003 Resigned)
Juan José Omella Omella (8 April 2004 – 6 November 2015 Appointed, Archbishop of Barcelona)
Carlos Manuel Escribano Subías (13 May 2016 – 6 October 2020 Appointed, Archbishop of Zaragoza)
Santos Montoya Torres (12 January 2022 – present)

Auxiliary
Cristóforo Chrisostome Carletti, O.F.M. (1624–1627)
Abilio del Campo y de la Bárcena (29 Oct 1952 – 7 May 1953, Appointed Bishop of Calahorra y La Calzada)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Spain

References

External links
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
 Diocese website
 Página de Calahorra

Roman Catholic dioceses in Spain
Dioceses established in the 5th century


Pierce McCan or McCann (2 August 1882 – 6 March 1919) was an Irish Sinn Féin politician.

Career
McCan was born at Prospect Lodge, Ballyanne Desmesne, County Wexford, the son of Francis McCan, a land agent, and Jane Power. He was nephew of Patrick Joseph Power, MP for East Waterford from 1885 to 1913. He attended Clongowes Wood College and Downside School. He resided at Ballyowen House, Dualla, Cashel, County Tipperary, was an "extensive farmer" and was a member of the Tipperary Hunt.

He was a founder member of Sinn Féin in 1905.  He joined the Gaelic League in 1909 and was a member of the Irish Volunteers from 1914 onward.

After more than 2,000 German and Austrian prisoners were imprisoned at Richmond Barracks, Templemore following the first battles of World War I in 1914, he plotted to engineer a mass escape but was thwarted when the prisoners were removed to Leigh, Lancashire in 1915. He was interned in 1916 after the Easter Rising for several months in Richmond Barracks, Dublin, and Knutsford, England. In May 1918, he was arrested under the German Plot and detained in Gloucester Gaol.

McCan was president of the East Tipperary executive of Sinn Féin. While incarcerated, he elected as a Sinn Féin MP for the Tipperary East constituency at the 1918 general election.

In January 1919, Sinn Féin MPs refused to recognise the Parliament of the United Kingdom and instead assembled in the Mansion House, Dublin as a revolutionary parliament called Dáil Éireann. McCan never sat in Dáil Éireann, dying in prison in 1919 during the Spanish flu pandemic. On 9 March 1919, McCan was buried in Dualla, Cashel, County Tipperary.

Vacancy
No by-election was called to replace him in the UK constituency. After 1 April 1922, the Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922 prohibited any by-election, and the constituency was abolished when parliament was dissolved on 26 October 1922 for the general election on 15 November.

The First Dáil also considered how to fill the vacancy; a select committee in April recommended that the local Sinn Féin organisation which nominated him should nominate his replacement; a June proposal to postpone action, either for six months or until a Westminster by-election was held, was referred to another committee, which recommended that "in view of the circumstances which occasioned the vacancy, it was due to the memory of the late Pierce McCann that his place should not be filled at present".

Tribute on death
On 10 April 1919, Cathal Brugha told the First Dáil: "Before I formally move the motion, as I have mentioned the name of Pierce McCan, I would ask the Members of the Dáil to stand up as a mark of our respect to the first man of our body to die for Ireland, and of our sympathy with his relatives. We are sure that their sorrow is lightened by the fact that his death was for the cause for which he would have lived, and that his memory will ever be cherished in the hearts of the comrades who knew him, and will be honoured by succeeding generations of his countrymen with that of the other martyrs of our holy cause." The McCan Barracks in Templemore, County Tipperary, is named after him.

Family
In the general election of January 1933, McCan's brother, Joseph, a member of the National Farmers' and Ratepayers' Association, stood unsuccessfully for the National Centre Party in the Tipperary constituency.

See also

List of members of the Oireachtas imprisoned during the Irish revolutionary period

References

Sources
 Allegiance, Robert Brennan, (1950)
 Memoirs of Senator Joseph Connolly: A Founder of Modern Ireland, J. Anthony Gaughan (ed), (1996)

External links
 McCan family census return, 1901
 McCan's census return, 1911
 Anthony McCan, "The McCan family", accessed 22 August 2010.

1882 births
1919 deaths
Early Sinn Féin TDs
Members of the 1st Dáil
People educated at Clongowes Wood College
Politicians from County Wexford
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Tipperary constituencies (1801–1922)
UK MPs 1918–1922
Infectious disease deaths in England
People of the Easter Rising
Deaths from Spanish flu
Politicians imprisoned during the Irish revolutionary period


HMS Triumph was a 90-gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Chatham Dockyard on 2 March 1697. She was renamed HMS Prince in 1714.

Triumph was commissioned in February 1702 as the flagship of Admiral Sir George Rooke. Rooke's flag captains were William Bokenham and John Fletcher, though Bokenham was transferred to another vessel five months later. In November 1702 the ship passed to Rear-Admiral Sir John Graydon, with Captain Richard Hughes as flag-captain. After a voyage with Rooke's squadron to the Spanish port of Cadiz, the ship was paid off in December and her crew dispersed to other vessels.

Triumph was recommissioned in March 1703 under Captain James Stewart, as the flagship of Admiral Cloudisley Shovell. She was assigned to cruise off the Spanish Mediterranean coastline, and was again paid off in March 1704.

She was renamed Prince in 1714. On 13 December 1742 Prince was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt at Chatham, according to the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment. She was relaunched on 8 August 1750.

Prince continued to serve until 1773, when she was broken up.

Notes

References

Lavery, Brian (2003) The Ship of the Line – Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650–1850. Conway Maritime Press. .
Michael Phillips. Triumph (90) (1698). Michael Phillips' Ships of the Old Navy. Retrieved 1 February 2008.

Ships of the line of the Royal Navy
1690s ships


is the third studio album released by An Cafe on March 14, 2008 in Europe and April 9, 2008 in Japan. The European release of the album also featured three bonus tracks which were previously only available as B-Sides on their last three singles, all of which were also taken from this album. A limited edition includes a DVD with the music videos for "Kakusei Heroism", "Ryuusei Rocket" and "Cherry Saku Yuki!!", as well as documentary footage from their Yagai de Nyappy tour.

The album debuted at number ten on the official Swedish album charts, and at twenty-sixth on the Finnish album charts.  It also peaked at No. 13 on the Japanese albums chart.

Track listing

References

2008 albums
An Cafe albums


Erwood () is a village and community lying beside the River Wye, on the A470 road some 6 miles south-east of Builth Wells in Powys, Wales. The population of the community taken at the 2011 census was 429. It is in the historic county of Brecknockshire (Breconshire) and the older cantref of Cantref Selyf. The community includes the settlements of Crickadarn, Gwenddwr and Llaneglwys.

Nant Clettwr, flowing from west to east before turning north through the village to join the River Wye, divides Erwood between the two parishes of Gwenddwr, to the northwest, and Crickadarn, to the southeast. The church of Saint Dubricius in Gwenddwr was extensively rebuilt in the Victorian period after a fire. In former times drovers would ford the Wye at Erwood on their journey towards the English Midlands and eventually London, where they would sell their livestock.

Erwood is overlooked from across the Wye by the ancient hill-fort of Twyn y Garth. On its 325-metre-high summit is a German field howitzer, a trophy from World War I. The fact that it is pointing towards Erwood from the neighbouring county of Radnorshire is part of a local running joke.

At the southern end of the community, on the Nant Scithwen, is Trericket Mill where Roderick Murchison recorded in the 1830s that he had identified "the first true Silurian".

Village name
The name Erwood is of uncertain origin and is recorded in numerous forms over the centuries. It may derive from the rare cerwyd meaning 'stag' with subsequent anglicization to '-wood'. It is known in Welsh as Erwyd which may be a cymricization of Erwood.

Village life
The Erwood Community consists of the village, the two ancient parishes of Gwenddwr and Crickadarn, and the former Forestry Commission hamlet of Llaneglwys.
The village is the centre of a flourishing branch of the Young Farmers' Club.
The village shop and post office no longer exists, and of the two pubs one, The Erwood Inn, is now a family home. The Public Toilets in the village, open 24/7, are now cleaned and maintained by the local community.

Until 1962 Erwood railway station, about  away, served the village. Now a renowned Centre for the Arts Erwood Station Gallery & Tea Rooms

The nearby Crickadarn was used as a location in the film An American Werewolf in London, for the portrayal of the fictional village of "East Proctor".

References

Villages in Powys
Films shot in Wales


The Marbridge Building is an office building at 1328 Broadway, on the east side of Sixth Avenue between 34th and 35th Streets in Herald Square, Manhattan, New York City. It opened in 1909, an 11-story structure, utilized in part by men's clothier Rogers Peet. Until October 1910 it stood opposite the Alpine apartment house, which was at the northeast corner of Broadway and 33rd Street. The Alpine and old stores between 33rd and 34th Streets were demolished to make room for the $5,000,000 Hotel McAlpin near the end of 1910. On the other side of Broadway were located the Macy's Herald Square and Saks Incorporated stores, with the Gimbels store just below.

Initially, John McGraw, then the manager of the New York Giants baseball team, ran a billiards parlor in the newly opened building. He was associated in this venture with Mike Donlin, one of the Giants' outfielders. Pool playing phenomenon Willy Hoppe took over this business in January 1912 when McGraw and Donlin moved to the Studebaker Building, 48th Street and Broadway. They started a new billiard and pool room there.

History

As a business building

Marbridge Building tenants included Ashley M. Herron, who moved his offices from the St. James Building to the Marbridge Building in February 1908. The Lincoln Stock & Bond Company maintained offices there in 1910. as did S. Andrew Hartman. The Emerson Motor Company leased space at the Marbridge Building in 1916. The corporation sold their Emerson Four for $395. It was advertised as the lowest-priced , five-passenger car in the world.

J.G. Gavigan, Irving J. Isbell, and George Plane, of the firm J.G. Gavigan & Co., were arrested by United States Post Office inspectors at their Marbridge Building office on the morning of August 19, 1911. They were charged with using the mail service in defrauding stock investors of the Manhattan Real Estate Company. This corporation was also located in the building. The postal service acted on complaints from all over the United States. A grand jury returned indictments against the three along with a former president of the Manhattan Real Estate Company. They were charged with mail fraud in connection with real estate schemes on Long Island.

Members of the committee on course rules and regulations for a New York City-to-San Diego long-distance yacht race met in the Marbridge Building in March 1912.  The race was associated with the San Diego Exposition of 1912, which maintained its offices in the establishment. Sam Kronsky formed a syndicate to buy the Marbridge Building in 1920. Dudley Scrymser Macdonald, a real estate broker, was manager of the Marbridge Building for thirty-five years. Maurice Meyer, a past president of Meyer Brothers department store of Paterson, New Jersey, was a former officer of the Marbridge Building Corporation.

As a shoe store
The Samuel Kronsky Company obtained a new low interest mortgage for $2,000,000 on the building in January 1951. The mortgage was extended by the East River Savings Bank. At this time Macy's used a large part of the basement of the structure for offices. The building was renovated for additional office space and stores in 1951 by C.P. Xenis, engineer. A syndicate of investors headed by Henry Goelet and Morris Furman bought the building in October 1954. In 1955 Sebago-Moc Co. footwear leased a store in the structure as did Kitty Kelly Shoes. The latter was the largest store in a chain, with an area of over . It included a mezzanine which continued through to 35th Street.

In February 1960 the building became the home of the Mercedes Shoe Import Corporation and the Milan Shoe Corporation. Later in the year Gamins, Inc., Matthew Gronfein, and Julius Alderman leased space there. The Marbridge Building was primarily a home to the women's footwear industry in New York City in 1960. The men's shoe industry was centered in the Reade Street and Duane Street area. In April 1969 Harry B. Helmsley and Irving Schneider purchased thirty buildings which comprised the total assets of the Furman-Wolfson Trust, which was valued at $165,000,000. The twenty-two office buildings involved in the sale included half the land under the Marbridge Building.

The Empire State Building and the Marbridge Building were primary lessors to the footwear industry in the 1970s. By late 1984, these businesses began to relocate to an area of midtown Manhattan from Fifth Avenue to Sixth Avenue between 56th Street, 57th Street, and 58th Street.

21st century
RFR Holding purchased the building in 2000 from the Investment Properties Associates portfolio, formerly controlled by Harry B. Helmsley. Publicis, a marketing firm, moved its United States offices to the Marbridge Building in 2002. The company leased 114,000 square feet of space across four E-shaped floors. Publicis officials initially opposed moving there, but Morris Adjmi Architects, then an architect with the firm MAP, encouraged Publicis executives to take a second look. The E-shaped design enabled Publicis to situate many employees on the same floor while avoiding the appearance of an insurance company. Adjmi designed an elliptical staircase from the 8th to the 11th floors, connecting the floors together. Publicis used the north facade to hang a red banner with the company's lion-head logo.

References

External links
 Marbridge Building at Emporis.com

Office buildings in Manhattan
Cultural history of New York City
1909 establishments in New York City
Broadway (Manhattan)
Midtown Manhattan
Sixth Avenue
34th Street (Manhattan)


The Lion's Claws is a 1918 American adventure film serial directed by Harry Harvey and Jacques Jaccard and starring Marie Walcamp and Ray Hanford. The serial, which had 18 chapters, is considered to be a lost film.

Cast

Reception
Like many American films of the time, The Lion's Claws was subject to cuts by city and state film censorship boards. For example, the Chicago Board of Censors required cuts, in Chapter 2, Reel 1, the shooting of a man in a house; in Chapter 4, Reel 2, shortened the scene of man choking a young woman and cut the closeup of her being choked; in Chapter 5, Reel 1, Arab choking young woman, shooting Arab and his falling, and, Reel 2, shooting Arab and his falling; in Chapter 6, Reel 1, two scenes of shooting black man and white man, closeup of King and soldier in knife duel on floor and scene on platform where knife descends, Reel 2, placing young woman on block and last two torture scenes were machine descends; in Chapter 7, Reel 1, closeup of strangling young woman, two close views of young woman chained to rack, two scenes of spikes descending, and, in Reel 2, closeup of knives suspended over men's heads; in Chapter 8, Reel 1, swords suspended over bound men, two scenes of attacks on natives inside house, reduce to half seven scenes of natives shooting at soldiers, Reel 2, two scenes of choking natives, all views of young woman where her figure is clearly shown through her draperies to include scene where she is shown in group in harem and five scenes of her struggling with natives, two fight scenes in which natives are beaten, and two choking scenes; in Chapter 9, Reel 1, flash scene of semi-nude young woman after she is pulled from tank, shooting man at bank, and shooting man and his falling; in Chapter 10, two closeups of binding young woman's hands and feet; in Chapter 11, Reel 1, shooting man and man falling from horse and, Reel 2, shooting man and man falling down cliff;, in Chapter 14, Reel 1, two scenes of muffling young woman, Reel 2, scene of man with spear in back, four scenes of binding man and young woman to posts and lighting fire under them, shooting native, and native with spear in back, and, in Chapter 15, Reel 1, two closeups of man's bloody face.

See also
 List of film serials
 List of film serials by studio
 List of lost films

References

External links

1918 films
1918 adventure films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Universal Pictures film serials
Films directed by Jacques Jaccard
Lost American adventure films
Silent American adventure films
1918 lost films
1910s American films
English-language adventure films
1910s English-language films


Campile is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica. Since 2015, it is part of the canton of Golo-Morosaglia.

Geography
Campile is  south-southeast of Campitello, to the south of the River Golo in Castagniccia.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

Communes of Haute-Corse


The 1984 Thomas Cup & Uber Cup was the 13th tournament of Thomas Cup and the tenth tournament of Uber Cup, the most important badminton team competitions in the world.

Indonesia won its eighth title in the Thomas Cup, after beating China in the final round; and China won its first title in the Uber Cup, after beating England in the final.

Thomas Cup

Teams
34 teams took part in the competition. China, as defending champion, and Malaysia, as host team, skipped the Qualifications and played directly at the Final Stage.

Qualification groups

Qualifying venue: New Delhi

Qualifying venue: Hong Kong

Qualifying venue: Toronto

Qualifying venue: Ostend

Final stage

Group A

Group B

Knockout stage

Semifinals

Bronze medal tie

Final

Uber Cup

Teams
23 teams took part in the competition, and eight teams qualified for the Final Stage.

Final stage

Group A

Group B

Knockout stage

Semifinals

Bronze medal tie

Final

References
 tangkis.tripod.com
 Berita Harian 15 May 1984
 Berita Harian 16 May 1984
 Badmintonmuseet.dk

Thomas Uber Cup
Thomas Uber Cup
Thomas & Uber Cup
1984 in Malaysian sport
Thomas Uber Cup


Mendel Portugali (1888 – 13 January 1917) was one of the leading figures in the Second Aliyah and a founder of the Hashomer movement.

Biography
Mendel Portugali was born in 1888 in Călărași (Kalarash), Bessarabia, Russian Empire (now a part of Moldova).

As a boy, he studied in a cheder. In 1899, he attended a school of commerce in Chișinău (Kishinev). Although a good student, he was expelled two years later for his ties with a revolutionary group. On his return home, Mendel decided he wanted to be a tradesman, but his parents were bitterly opposed to the idea, which they considered beneath the family's dignity.

He spent his time trying to get the Moldovans to rise up against what he perceived to be an oppressive regime, but they refused to see him as anything but yet another Jewish revolutionary inciting them against the Tsar. They beat and then arrested him. His house was searched, seditious literature was found and Mendel was sentenced to three years of hard labour in Siberia. He served two of them, before being issued a pardon on the occasion of the birth of Nicholas II's heir, Tsarevich Aleksei.

Mendel joined Poale Zion, worked as a math teacher and learnt farming from his Moldavian neighbours.

When the pogrom of 1905 broke out, Mendel and Israel Giladi were involved in defending the Jewish community of Călărași. During the fighting, he was wounded in the back. Mendel and his brother had to escape across the border, because the police had a warrant for their arrest.

He made his way to Palestine, his family joining him later. He married Tova Eylovich and had three sons, one of whom died in infancy.

Mendel was one of the founders of "Bar-Giora" and Hashomer. He exerted a restraining influence on some of the rasher members. In Sejera, bad-blood broke out between the members of the collective and one of the managers, who had replaced the Jewish labourers with fellahen. Several of the workers and watchmen wanted to beat up the manager for that. Mendel prevented them, suggesting that going on strike was a better option all round.

He served as one of the three Hashomer chairmen. As such, he was busy recruiting new members and also hiring temporary watchmen during harvests. Although associated with guarding for most of his life, Mendel felt a closer affinity with working the land.

In 1917, whilst on duty, he was tossing his gun in the air, which went off, fatally wounding him. He lingered on for a few days in great agony but without complaint, before passing away on 13 January 1917. He is buried alongside his wife, Tova, in the Kfar Giladi cemetery.

Sources
 "Anshei Hashomer Bechayeihem Ubemotam" (Hashomer members in life and death) Gershon Gera.

External links
 Mendel Portugali - A Founder of Hashomer

1888 births
1917 deaths
Ashkenazi Jews from Ottoman Palestine
Firearm accident victims
Moldovan Jews
Bessarabian Jews
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the Ottoman Empire
Deaths by firearm in the Palestinian territories


Jennifer Irène Paull is a musician, writer, author, and publisher.

Jennifer Paull was born in Liverpool, England, 24 November 1944, as Jennifer Irène Schulcz. Her father changed the family name when she was five. He was born in Léva, Hungary, during the time of the Austro–Hungarian Empire (Slovakia today). Her mother was of Scottish and Welsh descent. Through her paternal grandmother, Jennifer Paull is directly related to the composers Felix Mendelssohn and Arnold Schönberg

Career
Jennifer Paull is an oboe d'amore (alto oboe) soloist.

Her career has been spent in researching, instigating, commissioning and publishing repertoire for the oboe d'amore and subsequently, the other rare members of the oboe family of instruments. Her aim has been to make this virtually forgotten instrument into a contemporary recital voice, not uniquely one of the Baroque with which it was virtually exclusively associated when she began this mission during her studies at the  Royal College of Music, London (1964). Edwin Carr was the first international composer to write for her during the late 1960s and others followed as she became known for her specialisation and her acclaimed performance as a soloist. Insufficient material had existed before her pioneering work to sustain a recital career on the oboe d’amore.

She quickly became established as an oboe d'amore expert, in particular with the BBC Symphony Orchestra and BBC Philharmonic Orchestra, with whom she recorded the oboe d'amore obbligati in the BBC Bach Cantata Series. She was later to abandon orchestral playing completely to concentrate entirely on her career as a soloist playing the oboe d'amore exclusively. Many works have been written for her for oboe d’amore and the other rare members of the oboe family of instruments, including six each by Leonard Salzedo and Edwin Carr. The Australian composer, Ian Keith Harris, has written sixteen.

Jennifer Paull gave recitals in Great Britain and Europe with John McCabe, who composed both Concerto for Oboe d'amore and Chamber Orchestra and Dance-Prelude (for oboe d'amore and piano) for her. The duo were honoured to give the première of this piece (commissioned by the Merseyside Arts Council and the City of Liverpool) at a Royal Gala Performance in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II, at the Liverpool Empire Theatre (1971). She has given many concerts and lecture recitals in the Americas, Europe and the Middle East.

Working in Novello & Co., London, as Promotion Manager (1970/1972), she was in regular contact with their house composers. Through her continued recital work, her contacts with contemporary composers expanded and she subsequently worked both in the management of Bruno Maderna and in close collaboration with Cathy Berberian. Her repertoire through such connections increased sufficiently for her to establish her own publishing company, Amoris International, in the mid 1990s. This was based entirely on the fruits of her work. Amoris is Latin for d’amore.

In 1995 Jennifer Paull recorded The Oboe d'amore Collection Volume I, the first ever CD devoted exclusively to the oboe d'amore: The Oboe d'amore Collection Volume II and The Amoris Consort were recorded in 1996. A further CD, including the Telemann Oboe d'amore Concerto in A Major was recorded by her (1997) with the Craiova 'Oltenia' Philharmonic Orchestra under Michel Barras, for the Association François-Xavier Bagnoud.

Donation
In 2009, Jennifer Paull donated her entire Amoris International library of publications to the Werner Icking Music Archive (WIMA), which has since been linked to International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP), also known as the Petrucci Music Library.

Personal life
Jennifer Paull, a synaesthete, has four children, two daughters and two sons; Patrick Hufschmid, the celebrated guitar builder and plectrier and Pascal Hufschmid, an art historian and world-renowned expert on Photography, currently the Director of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum, Geneva. She lives in Switzerland near the French border in a wine-growing village not far from Montreux.

Writings

Jennifer Paull has written many articles for specialist double reed society magazines and others, in particular the classical music magazine, Music and Vision Daily, now Classical Music Daily.

Her book, Cathy Berberian and Music’s Muses was published by Amoris Imprint in 2007.

In the spring of 2020, she was asked by the New Oboe Music Project to write a piece explaining how she had undertaken her pioneering mission. This article, Oboe d’amore: Mission Impossible, was published in four parts throughout the month of June of that year:

Part I, Part II, Part III, Part lV.

References

External links

Hufschmid Guitars Website

1944 births
English classical oboists
Women oboists
Alumni of the Royal College of Music
Living people
Musicians from Liverpool


Corbara (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

Communes of Haute-Corse


City Kids is the seventh album by Spyro Gyra, released in 1983. At Billboard magazine, it reached No. 66 on the Top 200 Albums chart, and No. 2 on that magazine's Jazz Albums chart.

Track listing

Personnel
Credits adapted from AllMusic.

Spyro Gyra
 Jay Beckenstein – alto saxophone, soprano saxophone, Lyricon
 Tom Schuman – electric piano (1, 2, 5-7), synthesizers (1, 2, 5-7)
 Jeremy Wall – acoustic piano (4, 5), synthesizers (4, 5)
 Chet Catallo – guitars (1-3, 5, 7)
 Kim Stone – bass (1)
 Eli Konikoff – drums (1)
 Gerardo Velez – percussion (1, 5, 7)
 Dave Samuels – marimba (4, 5), vibraphone (4, 5)

Guests
 Richard Tee – acoustic piano (4, 8), electric piano (4, 8)
 Hiram Bullock – guitar (2, 4, 7)
 Steve Love – acoustic guitar (2, 4, 5, 7, 8), electric guitar (2, 4, 5, 7, 8), guitar solo (2, 4)
 Will Lee  – bass (2, 4)
 Eddie Gómez – bass (3, 6)
 Marcus Miller – bass (5, 7, 8)
 Steve Jordan – drums (2, 4, 7)
 Steve Gadd – drums (3-6, 8), percussion (3-6, 8)
 Manolo Badrena – congas (1-3, 5, 6), percussion (1-3, 5, 6)
 Lou Marini – tenor saxophone
 Dave Bargeron – trombone
 Alan Rubin – flugelhorn, trumpet
 Lew Soloff – flugelhorn, trumpet
 Rob Zantay – Lyricon programming
 Lani Groves – vocals (1)

Production
 Jay Beckenstein – producer
 Richard Calandra – producer
 Jeremy Wall – assistant producer (1, 6)
 Tom Schuman – assistant producer (1, 6)
 Michael Barry – engineer
 John Penzotti – assistant engineer
 Bob Troeller – assistant engineer
 Bob Ludwig – mastering at Masterdisk (New York, NY).
 George Osaki – art direction, design
 Michael G. Cobb – cover illustration

References

1983 albums
Spyro Gyra albums
MCA Records albums


The Diocese of San Sebastián () is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of San Sebastián in the Ecclesiastical province of Pamplona y Tudela in Spain.

History
 2 November 1949: Established as Diocese of San Sebastián

Special churches

 Cathedral:
Cathedral of the Good Shepherd, San Sebastián
 Minor basilicas:
Basilica of Saint Ignatius of Loyola, Azpeitia
Basilica of Saint Mary of the Chorus, San Sebastián

Leadership
Jaime Font y Andreu (13 May 1950 – 13 Feb 1963 )
Lorenzo Bereciartúa y Balerdi (6 Aug 1963 – 23 Oct 1968 )
Jacinto Argaya Goicoechea (18 Nov 1968 – 16 Feb 1979 )
José María Setién Alberro (16 Feb 1979 – 13 Jan 2000 )
Juan María Uriarte Goiricelaya (13 Jan 2000 – 21 Nov 2009)
José Ignacio Munilla Aguirre (21 Nov 2009 – 2022)
Fernando Prado Ayuso (17 Dec 2022 – )

See also
Roman Catholicism in Spain

References

External links
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
 Diocese website

Roman Catholic dioceses in Spain
Christian organizations established in 1949
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century
1949 establishments in Spain


Mutine was an 18-gun Belliqueuse-class gun-brig of the French Navy, built to a design by Pierre-Alexandre-Laurent Forfait, and launched in 1794 at Honfleur. She took part in the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, where the British captured her. She was recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Mutine, and eventually sold in 1803.

French service and capture
After her commissioning, Mutine served at Le Havre, Brest, La Rochelle, and Rochefort. Initially, she served under the command of lieutenant de vaisseau Beenst (the elder).

In late 1794 and early 1795 she was part of a French naval squadron comprising the razee  under the command of lieutenant de vaisseau Arnaud, Vigilance, , Épervier, and Mutine was cruising the West African coast, destroying British factories and shipping.  In September they captured Harpy, Telford, master, which the sent back to France, and another Sierra Leone Company ship, , Sayford, master, which they destroyed. These were only two of the many vessels the squadron captured.

The squadron drove the slave ship Lady Penrhyn on shore on 7 December 1794, at Papaw (Little Popoe), where she was destroyed. The squadron also captured the cutter Bee. Mutine herself grounded while chasing a British merchant vessel into the Benin River.

In 1795, under enseigne de vaisseau non entretenu Lefebvre, she escorted a prize back to la Rochelle. Then she cruised the coasts of Guinea before returning to Rochefort.

On 4 March 1796, under lieutenant de vaisseau Xavier Pomiès Mutine departed île d'Aix in a frigate division under Rear-admiral Sercey, bound for a campaign in the Indies; however, a gale damaged her and she had to double back for repairs. She then took part in the Expédition d'Irlande. She also made a voyage from Rochefort, to Ferrol then to Tenerife, before returning to Lorient.

In 1797, Mutine was sent on a secret mission to Batavia under Pomiès, by then promoted to capitaine de frégate. She sailed from Brest on 8 May 1797 for Île de France and had put into the Bay of Santa Cruz on 26 May to take on water.

Lieutenant Thomas Hardy captured Mutine on 29 May during the battle for Santa Cruz. Hardy led a cutting out party using boats from Minerve and , and was able to board and capture Mutine. He then sailed her out of the port to the British fleet under heavy fire from shore and naval guns. Hardy was wounded during the action, as were 14 of the other British officers and men in the cutting out party. Captain Pomiès was on shore at the time of her capture. In 1847 the Admiralty recognized the action by awarding the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "29 May Boat Service 1797" to the surviving claimants from the action.

A French account states that not only was Pomiès ashore at the time of Hardy's attack, so were almost all of Mutines crew members. Although this made it easier for the British to capture her, it rebounded to the benefit of France's ally, Spain, at the battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife in July. The French sailors augmented the force that Lieutenant General Antonio Gutiérrez de Otero y Santayana cobbled together to resist, and ultimately repel, the British attack, which became a debacle that cost Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson his right arm.

British service
Mutine was subsequently commissioned into the Royal Navy on 8 August 1797. Hardy was already in command of her, Captain Benjamin Howell having appointed him as a reward for the capture. This was the first ship Hardy would command.

On 5 June 1798 Mutine met up with Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson at San Pietro Island, off Sardinia, informing him that ten ships of the line and a 50-gun ship were on their way to join him. When they did, Earl St. Vincent's orders were that Nelson should then seek out the French Toulon fleet.

Nelson deployed his three third rates and Mutine in a screen while waiting for his reinforcements. The third rates  and  captured two Spanish merchantmen (out of a flotilla of 15), before Nelson ordered his vessels to abandon the chase. Once Nelson had met up with the British ships of the line that were joining him, he sent Mutine, his sole scouting vessel, to Civitavecchia to seek information about the whereabouts of the French. Mutine later rejoined Nelson without having found out anything. Mutine also visited Naples and Alexandria, arriving and leaving before the French fleet arrived, while seeking news of the French fleet. Eventually, Nelson and the French met off Egypt.

Under Hardy, Mutine was present at the Battle of the Nile on 1 and 2 August 1798. During the battle she came to the assistance of , which had run aground, and so did not directly participate in the fighting herself. After the British victory,  was sent to carry the dispatches of the battle, but was captured before she could deliver them. Mutine, under the command of Lieutenant Thomas Bladen Capel, had been sent out on 13 August with a second copy and so became the first ship to report the victory when she arrived at Naples on 3 September. Capel handed over command to Lieutenant William Hoste and then traveled overland and arrived with the dispatches at the Admiralty on 2 October. Nearly five decades later the battle was among the actions recognised by a clasp attached to the Naval General Service Medal, which the Admiralty awarded upon application to all British participants still living in 1847.

In February 1799, William Hoste received promotion to Commander and was confirmed in command, and Mutine was employed carrying dispatches for Nelson. Mutine returned from these duties in early 1799, by which time the French had occupied Naples. Mutine was tasked to sail off the coast to keep watch on their activities. She was refitted at Port Mahon in the summer of 1799, and then was present at the surrender of the French garrison at Civitavecchia on 21 September. , , Mutine, Transfer, and the bomb vessel  shared in the prize money for the capture of the town and fortress. The British also captured the French polacca Il Reconniscento.

Mutine was still in the Mediterranean in 1800. On 19 January she captured the ship Signor Delia Providenza, which was sailing from Marseilles to Genoa with a cargo of corn and wine, and another vessel of unknown name whose crew had deserted. She was carrying a cargo of corn and a few bales of leather.

On 20 February, Mutine recaptured the Ragusan brig Nova Sorte, which was sailing from Barcelona to Leghorn, carrying wine. The commissioned and warrant officers of Minotaur, , , and  shared in the prize money by agreement.

Then on 5 March Mutine recaptured another Ragusan brig, the Madona del Grazie, which was sailing the same route and carrying the same cargo as the Nova Sorte. The commissioned and warrant officers of Santa Dorothea shared by agreement.

The next day Mutine captured a Ragusan brig sailing from Barcelona bound to Leghorn, but carrying sundry merchandise. On 7 March, Mutine captured the Genoese polacre ship Il Volante, sailing from Especia to Leghorn with a cargo of iron, coffee, etc. Two days later, Mutine captured the Genoese polacre Volante, which was sailing from Genoa to Cagliari with a cargo of iron, coffee, etc.

On 29 March Mutine captured the privateer Victoire. Victoire was armed with two guns and carried a crew of 28 men.

On 14 April, Phaeton and  captured the St. Rosalia. Mutine, Minotaur, Santa Dorothea, Entreprenante and  shared with Phaeton by agreement.

On 3 May, Mutine, Phaeton and Cameleon captured eight vessels in Anguilla Bay:
Stella de Nort;
Santa Maria;
Nostra Senora del Carmine;
Fiat Volantes Deus;
Nostra Signora del Assunta;
Nostra Signora de Sonsove;
San Nicolas; and
San Joseph (San Giuseppe).

Five days later they captured eleven Genoese vessels. They captured the first eight at St Remo:
Polacre ship St. Giovanni, which was sailing in ballast from St Remo;
Polacre brig Achille, which was sailing from Marseilles to Genoa with a cargo of corn and wine;
Polacre barque St. Antonio, which was sailing from Cette to Genoa with a cargo of wine;
Polacre brig Santa (Assunta), which was sailing from Ard to Port Maurice with a cargo of wine;
Polacre ship Conception, sailing in ballast to Port Maurice;
Polacre ship Madona del Carmine, sailing from Cette to Genoa with a cargo of wine;
Settee Signora del Carmine, which was sailing from Marseilles to Genoa with a cargo of corn;
Settee St. Giuseppe, which was sailing from Marseilles to Port Maurice with a cargo of corn;
Settee Immaculate Conception, which was sailing from Cette to Genoa with a cargo of wine;
Settee Amina Purgatorio, which sailing from Cette to Genoa with a cargo of wine; and
Settee Virgine Rosaria, which was sailing from Cette to Genoa with a cargo of wine.

Mutine was in company with  when they destroyed one Genoese vessel on 24 July and captured three others on 25 July:
Settee, of unknown name, which was sailing in ballast from Port Maurice, and which they destroyed;
Polacre ship Saint Gio Baptiste, sailing from Marseilles to Port Maurice with a cargo of wine;
Settee Misericordia, which was sailing from Marseilles to Savona with a cargo of hoops; and
Settee Nostra Signora Montersero, which was sailing from Port Maurice to Marseilles with a light cargo.

On 20 August Mutine took the Dangerouse, a lateen vessel privateer of two guns and four swivel guns. Dangerouse was sailing from Bastia to Toulon.

Then on 2 September Mutine intercepted and captured the French brig Due Fratelli, in ballast. She also captured the Piccolo Tobia.

On 1 February 1801, Mutine and  captured the Swedish brig Active, which was sailing from Mogadore to Leghorn with a cargo of hides. Later that month Mutine met the cutter Joseph at Menorca. Mutine transferred to Joseph dispatches from Egypt for Britain and the news that Rear-Admiral Warren's squadron had been following Admiral Ganteaume's squadron, which had been taking troops to Egypt but had lost the French during a gale off Sardinia. However, Ganteaume had had to return to Toulon after three of his ships of the line had lost their masts. Joseph arrived in Plymouth on 7 May. Mutine took Josephs dispatches on to Egypt.

Fate
In 1801 Mutine sailed to Trieste. In 1802, under the command of Lord William FitzRoy, she sailed to Portsmouth, arriving on 4 September and then sailing for Chatham on 9 September to be paid off. She was sold in 1803.

Notes

Citations

References

 Fonds Marine. Campagnes (opérations; divisions et stations navales; missions diverses). Inventaire de la sous-série Marine BB4. Tome premier: BB4 1 à 209 (1790–1804)

External links
 Phillips, Michael – HMS Mutine (1797)

Brig-sloops of the Royal Navy
1794 ships
Captured ships


Gavignano (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

Communes of Haute-Corse


Elections to Hastings Borough Council were held on 2 May 2002. The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 2000. The Labour Party kept overall control of the council. Overall turnout was 32.0%.

After the election, the composition of the council was:
Labour 21
Conservative 10
Liberal Democrat 1

Election result

Ward results

References
2002 Hastings election result
Ward results

2002
2002 English local elections
2000s in East Sussex


Llyswen is a small village in Powys, Wales on the west bank of the River Wye.  It was formerly within the county of Brecknockshire and now forms part of the Community of Bronllys. The nearest town is Brecon approximately  to the south-west.

History
'Llys-wen' is Welsh for "The White Court" and the settlement is first mentioned as a site of a court where the sons of Rhodri Mawr, ninth century King of the Britons, might arbitrate their differences. It has been suggested that the remains of a hill fort above the village might be the location of this court.

Parish Church

The site of the parish church may be of equal age or older. It is dedicated to St Gwendoline, one of the many saintly offspring of King Brychan of Brycheiniog, who is said to have been killed by pagan Saxons and buried in nearby Talgarth. Unfortunately the church was destroyed and rebuilt in 1862 and only the Norman font remains. Unusually, this destruction (common in the Victorian period) drew adverse comment at the time. A contemporary editorial in Archaeologia Cambrensis said: "We are sorry to hear that this ancient edifice has been pulled down...We have no right...to remove the handiwork of our forefathers...It would be better to let the old buildings, plain or ugly as they may be, pass down unscathed to our children, who will have more respect for them than is shewn by ourselves."

Llyswen Castle
Following the Norman invasion of Wales, Llyswen became subject to the Marcher Lords and in the 12th century formed part of the lands of Walter de Clifford. Most villages in the area were fortified with a motte-and-bailey castle and a possible site for Llyswen Castle has been identified, though no supporting documentary evidence exists.

Llangoed Hall

Llangoed Hall to the north of the village was built in 1633 by the Williams family of Old Gwernyfed in nearby Aberllynfi. It was lost to the MacNamara family (apparently after a game of cards) in about 1800 and subsequently much rebuilt. A London hatter called Archibald Christy bought the house in about 1860 and later had it extensively redesigned by the architect Clough Williams-Ellis, who formed the romantic notion that it was the site of the original 'White Court'. In 1987 the house was bought and much restored in Edwardian style by Sir Bernard Ashley, who subsequently opened it as the Llangoed Hall Hotel and fabric design centre. It is now a grade II* listed building.

The Hermit of Llyswen
The romantic radical and poet John Thelwall built himself a "hermitage" at Llyswen Farm during his exile in Wales. His friends William and Dorothy Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge visited him there in August 1798. The figure of "The Solitary" from Wordsworth's later poem 'The Excursion' may have been based on Thelwall in Llyswen.

Today
A travel guide of 1847 referred to Llyswen as a "miserable village". Things have apparently improved since then. In 2008, Llyswen was judged one of the top ten most desirable British villages in which to live.

Notes

External links
Photos of Llyswen and surrounding area on geograph.org.uk

Villages in Powys


Bobby "Robert" Powell (born June 16, 1965) is an American racing driver who won the NASCAR Weekly Series national championship in 1988. He competed in 15 NASCAR Busch Series (now Xfinity Series) races spread throughout in the 1980s and 1990s.

Driving career
Driving an asphalt Late Model that he owned, Powell won 23 of the 31 NASCAR-sanctioned races that he entered at race tracks in Summerville, Myrtle Beach, and Anderson (all in South Carolina).

Powell races in the NASCAR Busch Series in the 1980s and 1990s. He scattered 15 starts with 1989 being the season where he had more than one start. His best career result was a fourth-place finish at Lanier National Speedway; his others Top 10 finishes were an 8th at Myrtle Beach Speedway, a tenth at South Boston Speedway and a tenth at Hickory Motor Speedway.

Powell ran 32 races in the NASCAR Southeast Series, with 5 Top 5s, 13 Top 10s and 3 pole-positions.

He also ran one USAR Hooters Pro Cup Series race in 2000, he finished 7th and led 20 laps.

Arrest
He was arrested in December 2014 in Goose Creek, SC for manufacturing methamphetamine. Many materials for the manufacture of methamphetamine were found in his garbage can.

References

External links

NASCAR drivers
CARS Tour drivers
Living people
Racing drivers from South Carolina
1965 births


was a Japanese middleweight judoka. He won a gold medal at his only Olympics in 1972.

Biography
Sekine was born in Ōarai, Ibaraki, and entered the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department after graduating from Chuo University. He sought a spot on the Olympic judo team after seeing Isao Okano, a rival judoka also from Ibaraki Prefecture, win gold at the 1964 Summer Olympics. However, judo was not included in the program for the 1968 Summer Olympics, and Sekine entered the Olympics for the first time in 1972 as a 28-year-old veteran after winning the All-Japan Judo Championships that year. Sekine lost to Oh Seung-Lip of South Korea in the 5th round of the tournament, but won the repechage to face Oh for the second time in the Olympic final. Sekine was forced to fight defensively for most of the match, but in the few remaining seconds, he tried a Tai Otoshi which put his opponent down onto the mat. The two assistant referees were split on the outcome, but the main referee from the Netherlands ruled in favor of Sekine to award him an extremely close decision win. Oh had been leading in points for most of the match. Sekine retired shortly after winning the Olympic gold medal, and served as a coach and advisor for the All-Japan Judo Federation, and as a referee during the 1996 Summer Olympics. He also worked as an instructor for the Tokyo Police Department, and Heisei International University.

Sekine died on 18 December 2018 at the age of 75.

See also
 List of judoka
 List of Olympic medalists in judo

References

External links

1943 births
2018 deaths
Japanese male judoka
Judoka at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Olympic judoka for Japan
Olympic gold medalists for Japan
Sportspeople from Ibaraki Prefecture
Olympic medalists in judo
Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
20th-century Japanese people
21st-century Japanese people


Rogliano (; ; ) is a commune in the  French department of Haute-Corse, Corsica.

It was the seat of the former canton of Capobianco, which consisted of the 10 northernmost communes of Corsica. The people of Rogliano are called Roglianais, feminine Roglianaises.

Administratively, Rogliano replaces two historic communes, San-Columbano in the south and Chiapella in the north.

Geography
Rogliano is  to the north of Bastia at the northeast corner of Cap Corse. The commune is actually a cluster of eight hamlets on the slopes and heights of Monte Poggio above Macinaggio Bay, the one from which the commune takes its name being located  up a winding road from the port, the Chemin de l'Imperatrice (Route D80), which is named after the empress, Eugénie. Forced to stop there by a storm in 1869 she found the road so bad she personally ordered it reconstructed. The other hamlets are Bettolacce, Olivo, Magna, Soprana, Vignale, Sottana and Campiano.

The commune borders the sea to the north and to the east. On the east coast is Macinaggio Bay, including a marina of 585 moorings for pleasure boats (of which 255 are for transients and the others for wintering over), a nautical club and a diving school. A little to the north, Tamarone Bay opens on the small Finocchiarola ("Fennel") Islands. They are protected by the Réserve Naturelle du Conservatoire du Littorala, a nature reserve, especially for safeguarding the rare Audouin's gull and Cory's shearwater, both of which breed there. It occupies about .

The northeast corner of Cap Corse is accessible only by a footpath, the Sentier des Douaniers, heading north from the Plage de Tamarone. The coast is dotted with Genoese watchtowers: one on the outer Finocchiarola, one in the bay to the north, the Tour de Santa Maria, which sits in the water, and one on the  Pointe d'Agnello, the Tour d'Agnello, from which Elba can be seen in the distance. Small coves abound, which have traditionally been the entry points of smugglers, hence the name "path of the customs officers".

To the northwest the path traverses the Site Naturel de la Capandula with its sandy beaches and descends finally to the small fishing village of Barcaggio, which is also reached by a winding road. Off its coast is the island of Giraglia, the site of another Genoese watchtower and a modern (from an ancient) lighthouse marking the location of Cap Corse.

Prehistory
North of the beach of Macinaggio at Point Coscia is a partially collapsed, wave-cut grotto, La Grotte de la Coscia, containing dateable sedimentary layers. In one deposit of the  Last glacial period, a tumulus of crania and antlers of Cervus cazioti and various lagomorphs, rodents and other remains have been found with pebbles that could be interpreted as flakes and cores, fireplace sites and an ovate structure; that is, the most likely interpretation is that this is a site of the Middle Paleolithic, the first evidence of Early Stone Age occupation.

History

The hillside
The name of the commune came from the Roman name Pagus Aurelianus, probably named after the good emperor, Aurelian. Macinaggio was a Roman naval base. The vines on the slopes have been shown to descend from Carthaginian ones, which would have predated the Romans, but the presence of the vines does not necessarily indicate the presence of the people.

At the top of the promontory of Trois Pointes on which the hamlets of Rogliano are located, at a height of  is a tower and the remains of Castle Da Mare, home of a Genoese family that ruled the region from the 12th to the 16th centuries. Ansaldo da Mare, a Genoese admiral, was awarded the island of Capraia for his services to Henry VI and Frederick II, becoming the Signor ("Lord") of Capraia and in 1199 obtained Rogliano and started the castle. In 1200 he was made the Count of Corsica. In 1246 he purchased the rights of the Signoria di San Colombano from one of the other Genoese lords and set up the capital at the castle, now the Castello di San Colombano. Ansaldo continued to add villages of Cap Corse to it until his death in 1254. For the next 300 years or so the Da Mare's lived in the castle and provided the Signor di San Colombano.

In 1523, the Genoese nobleman, Marchese Francesco Negrone, Protector of the Bank of Saint George, married Giorgetta, the daughter of Giacomo-Santo da Mare, reigning Signor di San Colombano. Here occurs a historical ambiguity. A descendant of the Negrone's, Héctor Andrés Negroni, a credible American historian, claims that the Signoria passed by dowry to the Negrone family at that point. However, in 1552 King Henry II of France annexed Corsica and in the resulting struggle Signor Giacomo-Santo da Mare di San Columbano brought forces to fight for Sampiero Corso, a Corsican in the employ of the French. When Corsica was returned to the Genoese by treaty in 1559 they struck back at those they considered traitors, destroying the castle at San Columbano, called then by a populace Castellacciu, "evil castle."

Francesco Negrone immediately began to build a new Castello near the old as Signor. Many questions are inherent in these circumstances. The modern Negrone makes no mention of the reason why the castle was destroyed if in fact the Negrone's were in it and were loyal to Genoa. Some accounts mention Giacomo-Santo I and Giacomo-Santo II. Giorgetta is typically made the daughter of Giacomo-Santo I, in which case she would have been the sister of Giacomo-Santo II, and the Negrone's were not sovereign yet as a result of the wedding. Some say she was the daughter of Giacomo-Santo II, but this does not solve the problem. Another account has her the co-Signor with Giacomo-Santo II, an unlikely scenario, as hereditary offices on Corsica were not generally split and the society was partilineal and patriarchal even though women were allowed to vote and to participate in the military. The most likely explanation is perhaps that in addition to burning the castle the Genoese disenrolled the traitor from his position and made Negroni Signor instead as husband of the next heir in line, Giorgetta.

The Negrone's remained loyal to Genoa. Pasquale Paoli was unable to take the place and conducted naval operations from the small coves on the northeast coast. Hence when France purchased Corsica from Genoa and Paoli defeated having gone into exile leaving Corsica to become part of France in 1770, the Negrone's were invited in 1772 to enroll as members of the French nobility. The Signoria lasted until 1789. The Negrone's perhaps because of their isolated location appear to have escaped the terror and resulting massacre that fell on the nobility of France and they even kept their property on the hill but they were no longer signorial. The tower and the castle became of antiquarian interest only. In 1943 the castle burned in a grass fire, but most of the Negrone's had emigrated by then to France or to Yauco, Puerto Rico, whence the American branch.

In the 18th and 19th century a rise in population forced a heavy emigration of people from Cap Corse, including Rogliano, to South America, Central America and the Caribbean. Those who became wealthy excavating for gold or planting and exporting coffee and sugar returned to Cap Corse to build colonial-style summer homes, now called the maisons d'Américains ("American houses").

The coastline

The harbor of Santa Maria features a church, the Chapelle Santa Maria, which was begun in the 6th century AD and rebuilt in the 10th and 12th centuries. The Genoese Tour de Santa Maria with its feet in the water dates to the 16th century. Pasquale Paoli utilized the harbor and the towers after 1761 because he could not capture Macinaggio from the Genoese. He did station his small fleet there and used it to capture the island of Capraia.

On Paoli's return from 21 years of exile in 1790, landing at Macinaggio he is said to have kissed the ground on which he stood and proclaimed that he left a slave but returned a free man. The words and event are commemorated by a plaque. Due to the course of history he was able to retain neither the sentiment nor the island residency.

Rogliano has served also as a commercial port and was the chief fishing port of Corsica in 1865.

Population

Genoese towers
On the territory of Rogliano are four Genoese towers:
Torra d'Agnellu
Torra di Finochjarola
Torra di Roglianu
Torra di Santa Maria Chjapella

Economy
The commune includes  of vines, which are used in the production of wine.

A number of windmills are shared with the neighboring commune of Ersa. Featuring 20 Nordex propellors of  diameter.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

External links

Communes of Haute-Corse


Sant'Antonino () is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica. It is one of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

Communes of Haute-Corse
Plus Beaux Villages de France


Sisco (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.
It takes its name from the Ruisseau de Sisco, which flows through the commune and enters the Tyrrhenian Sea in the village of Sisco.

Geography

Climate
Sisco has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). The average annual temperature in Sisco is . The average annual rainfall is  with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in February, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Sisco was  on 6 August 2017; the coldest temperature ever recorded was  on 1 February 1979.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

Communes of Haute-Corse


Solaro (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department
Aiguilles de Bavella

References

Communes of Haute-Corse


Sun scald is the freezing of bark following high temperatures in the winter season, resulting in permanent visible damage to bark. Fruits may also be damaged. In the northern hemisphere, it is also called southwest injury.

Causes
The reason the sun can cause so much damage to trees is because of dormancy. When a tree is dormant in the winter it can be reactivated by warm weather. In the northern woods trees are exposed to the most sunlight and heat on the southwest facing side, so this side is heated during warm sunny winter days (in the afternoon, that's why westwards) to the point that it can be awoken from dormancy. The temperature required to wake up a tree depends on plant species and length of day, but it is typically just above freezing. Once active, the cells on the southwest side of the plant are unable to return to dormancy by nightfall, at which time the temperature returns to levels capable of killing active cells. Fluctuating winter temperatures can also cause frost cracks, which result from the expanding and contracting of the tree trunk.

Trees

When sun scald appears on trees it is most frequently a result of reflected light off the snow during winter months. The damage in this case will appear as sunken or dead bark on the trunk of the tree, then later in the tree's life the bark might fall away revealing dead tissue in the tree's cambium layer. This damage will typically be found on the south west facing side of the tree's trunk. It can be found on other sides of the tree if there is light reflection from other sources, like man made structures or reflective rock faces. After a tree is afflicted by sun scald it becomes much more vulnerable to decay organisms. The plant will create walls around the affected area, but sometimes it is not enough to block the infections. The leaves of the tree are also affected by sun scald, particularly on a bright sunny day following a period of warm cloudy humidity. The damage to the leaves will start as bronzing of the epidermis between the veins of the leaf, and if the sunny conditions persist the tissue of the leaf will die.

Fruits
Sun scald on fruit appears when a fruit is exposed to direct sunlight after being in the shade for an extended period of time. The damage to fruit will often lead to the death of the fruit by consumption from insects, animals, bacteria, or fungi. This is the case if the defenses of the fruit are rendered useless, which is the case when the outer skin is damaged to the point that the cell walls are either gone, or so thin that the plant's enemies can get through it. Some times the sun scalding is a more internal damage and, although it destroys the fruit in a productive sense, the fruit is able fend off attacks and recover if placed back into an ideal setting.

Treatments
The treatment of sun scalding is fundamentally simple: reduce the intensity of the sun, or block the sun completely.

Wrapping
The most common method used to prevent sun scalding on the trunks of trees is to wrap the tree up to the first branch with white paper overlapping approximately thirty three percent each time around the tree. The white paper is effective in reflecting the heat of the sun off the tree. The paper should be applied after the tree has gone dormant for the winter and taken off before it becomes active again. If the paper is left on too long it can interfere with the growth of the tree and harbor insects that may damage the tree.

Painting
Painting the tree white has the same effect as wrapping, although it is a permanent change to the color of the tree. This discoloration can be aesthetically displeasing, so this method is mostly used in orchards and rarely in landscaping.

Shading
The amount of light a tree receives on its southwest side is correlated with the amount of sun scald the tree endures. Reducing the amount of light the tree is exposed to by planting a shrub or bush strategically to shade the southwest side can be less effective than wrapping or painting, but can have better aesthetic qualities for landscaping.

Fruits
For fruit the most important part of avoiding sun scald is to be aware of where the fruit has been during its growth. If the fruit grew in the shade then exposing it to the sun will be likely to yield damage to the produce. Because of the importance of keeping shaded fruits out of the sun, leaves of fruit plants should be monitored for wilting and disease. If the leaves that shade a fruit die, the fruit will be exposed and in danger of sun scald. Another measure that can be taken to avoid damage is covering the fruits with straw or screen to block the sun.

See also
Frost crack

References

External links
Video footage and commentary on Sun Scald and Frost Crack
Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service, Tomato Disease.
Colorado State University Extension Service web site. Sun Scald of Trees
Michigan State University web site
North Carolina State University web site. Tree Anatomy.
Purdue Plant and Pest Diagnostic Laboratory.
Sunscald Kansas State University Research and Extension , Cracks in the Trunk, Sun Scald,
University of Saskatchewan , Dormancy In Plants: A Process For Survival,

Horticulture


The following is a list of flags of Georgia.

National flag

President's flag

Military

Land Force

National Guard

Air force

Coast Guard and former Navy

Paramilitary

Border Police

Intelligence Service

Vexillology Associations

Self-Governing City Flags

Regional flags

Political flags

Religious flags

Historical flags

Other

Separatist Abkhazia

National flag

President's flag

Abkhazian Armed Forces

Navy

Historical flags

Separatist South Ossetia

National flag

See also

 Flag of Georgia (country)
 Coat of arms of Georgia (country)

References

External links

Georgia: Historical flags, 5th-18th centuries (crwflags.com)

Flags
Lists and galleries of flags
Flags


Stazzona is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Corse department

References

Communes of Haute-Corse


Licuala spinosa, the Mangrove fan palm, is a species of palm in the genus Licuala. The plant is native to the wet places of fresh and salt water of Southeast Asia. Licuala spinosa grows  high, with a trunk of 4-7cm. It may grow in clumps. It prefers full sun, a lot of water, and is more cold hardy than most Licuala species.

A Cambodian name for L. spinosa is pha'aw, in that region its leaves are used to make hats and wrap food. Its heart and terminal bud prepared as a vegetable are appreciated by Cambodians. In traditional Cambodian medicine, both a febrifuge remedy and for a preparation for the health of the foetus, use the root of the palm in compounds, while the bark of the trunk is used to treat tuberculosis.

Gallery

References

External links

spinosa
Flora of Asia
Garden plants of Asia


9916 Kibirev, provisional designation , is a Koronian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately  in diameter. It was discovered on 3 October 1978, by astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula. The likely S-type asteroid has a rotation period of about 15.2 hours and was named after Russian informatician Sergej Kibirev.

Orbit and classification

Kibirev is a core member of the Koronis family (), a very large outer asteroid family with nearly co-planar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,757 days; semi-major axis of 2.85 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Palomar Observatory in September 1973, or 5 years prior to its official discovery observation.

Physical characteristics

Kibirev is an assumed S-type asteroid, which is also the Koronis family's overall spectral type.

Rotation period

In 2014, two rotational lightcurves of Kibirev were obtained from photometric observations in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 15.171 and 15.48 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.36 and 0.45 magnitude, respectively ().

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kibirev measures 6.201 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.260 and 0.2898.

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 and calculates a diameter of 5.49 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.47.

Naming

This minor planet was named after Russian Sergej Feodosievich Kibirev (born 1950), who works on new methods to process information and organizes the production of microelectronics in the Russian city of Novosibirsk. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 9 March 2001 ().

References

External links
 Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
 Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000) – Minor Planet Center

009916
Discoveries by Nikolai Chernykh
Named minor planets
19781003