We Are the Dynamite is the debut studio album by Welsh post-hardcore band the Blackout, released on 1 October 2007 by Fierce Panda Records, their final release on the label. The album sold 12,000 copies in its first week of release. The singles released from the album were "The Beijing Cocktail" and "It's High Tide Baby!", with the latter single featuring guest vocals from Ian Watkins of Lostprophets.

Track listing
 "Tick Tick Boom!!" – 1:26
 "I've Got Better Things to Do Tonight Than Die" – 3:29
 "I Know You Are, But What Am I?" – 3:29
 "Spread Legs, Not Lies" – 3:50
 "The Beijing Cocktail" – 3:43
 "Murder in the Make-Believe Ballroom" – 3:19
 "Prepare for a Wound" – 3:43
 "It's High Tide Baby!" (featuring Ian Watkins) – 3:45
 "Tops Off Party!" – 4:01
 "She Is Macho" – 3:28
 "Life & Death in Space" – 4:21

Personnel
Personnel per booklet.

The Blackout
 Sean Smith – vocals
 Gavin Butler – vocals
 James Davies – guitar
 Matthew Davies – guitar
 Rhys Lewis – bass
 Gareth Lawrence – drums

Additional musicians
 Romesh Dodangoda – string arrangement, drum programming, percussion
 Christiana Mavron – violin
 Rebekah Brown – viola
 Emma Bryden – cello
 Ian Watkins – guest vocals

Production and design
 Romesh Dodangoda – producer, engineer, mixing, mastering
 Chris McFall – art, design, photography

References
Citations

Sources

External links

We Are the Dynamite at YouTube (streamed copy where licensed)

2007 debut albums
The Blackout (band) albums
Fierce Panda Records albums


Vincenzo Sommese (born 22 June 1976 in Nola) is an Italian former footballer.

Career
Sommese started his career at Nola of Serie C2. He was signed by Torino in November 1994, and made his Serie A debut on 6 April 1996, against Juventus F.C., but Torino fall to Serie B in that summer.

After a short return to Serie A in 1999/00 season, Sommese played in Serie B again in summer 2000.

But in October 2000, he was sold to Vicenza of Serie A in joint ownership bid, but the Serie A career end again after the club fall to Serie B in summer 2001.

He played half of the Serie B season for Vicenza, before returned to Serie A again for Piacenza on loan in January 2002.

He returned to Torino in summer 2002, but Sommese once again faced relegation to Serie B as the Turin club finished the last.

Sommese then joined Serie A newcomer Ancona, but faced his fifth relegation to Serie B.

Sommese received an offer from Modena, a first "currently" Serie B club at the time he was signed.

One season later, he joined Mantova of Serie B and played for two seasons, before he was banned from football due to betting.

In January 2008, after his ban has expired, he was signed by Ascoli of Serie B, and scored a goal in the debut.

Honours and awards
Serie B runner-up: 1999

References

External links
 Gazzetta.it profile

1976 births
Living people
People from Nola
Italian men's footballers
Torino FC players
LR Vicenza players
Piacenza Calcio 1919 players
AC Ancona players
Modena FC 2018 players
Mantova 1911 players
Ascoli Calcio 1898 FC players
Serie A players
Serie B players
Serie C players
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from the Province of Naples


Carlton Ware was a pottery manufacturer based in Stoke-on-Trent. The company is known for its tableware, often in the form of highly decorated leaves or fruit, and the ceramic toucans it made as promotional items for Guinness.  It produced hand-painted domestic pottery in high art deco styles during the 1920s and 1930s.

History

The company was established in 1890 by James Frederick Wiltshaw, William Herbert Robinson and James Alcock Robinson trading under the name of Wiltshaw and Robinson. The trademark "Carlton Ware" was introduced in 1894, and the company's factory was renamed the Carlton Works.

In 1911, the business partnership between Wiltshaw and the Robinsons was dissolved, leaving Wiltshaw to form a new limited company called Wiltshaw and Robinson Limited. Following the death of James Wiltshaw in 1918, due to an accident at Stoke-on-Trent railway station, control of the company passed to his son Frederick Cuthbert Wiltshaw. The company continued to expand, acquiring Birks, Rawlins and Co. in 1930.

Wiltshaw's wife, Alice, was brutally murdered on 16 July 1952, during a robbery at the couple's home 'Estoril', a large 14 room house at Barlaston, Staffordshire. Leslie Green, who had previously worked as a chauffeur for the family, was convicted of the murder and hanged at Winson Green Prison on 23 December 1952 by Albert Pierrepoint.

The company was renamed Carlton Ware Limited in 1958 and following the death of Frederick Cuthbert Wiltshaw in 1966, the company was sold to Arthur Wood and Sons. The company continued to trade well until developing serious financial difficulties in the late 1980s, which forced it into receivership in 1989. An unsuccessful attempt was then made to rescue the company by Grosvenor Ceramic Hardware, with production finally ending in 1992.

In 1997 the Carlton Ware brand was resurrected by Francis Joseph of the Carlton Ware Design Centre, Roslyn Works, Stoke-on-Trent.  It continues to manufacture novelty items aimed at the collectors' market.

Products

Carlton Ware concentrated on the decorative giftware end of the domestic pottery market throughout most of its career.  Its earliest works included typical decal and hand-painted table-ware in a range of mostly floral patterns as well as items inspired by Wedgwood and other respected potters.  During the early 1900s they became a supplier of "crested ware" for the tourist market.

During the 1920s the company introduced new methods of production where the decal and hand-painting work was applied to high-glaze substrates.  Amongst the first of these were a series of designs inspired by the artwork discovered in Tutankhamen's tomb, which can be fairly said to represent the beginning of the art deco pottery movement.  Other popular designs included stylised dragons, birds, and a series of Oriental-inspired patterns of which New Mikado and Chinoiserie were the most popular.  Mottled, mostly pale blue lustre-ware was also sold under the separate "Armand" brand.  The famous script "Carlton Ware" trademark was introduced in 1928.  At the more mundane end of the market, Carlton Ware introduced the first "Oven to Table" ware in 1929.

During the late 1930s Carlton Ware introduced a new series of table-ware, with boldly embossed floral and foliage patterns such as fox-glove and anemone.  This series continued in unbroken production into the 1960s, although later designs were progressively simplified to reduce the high cost of hand-painting.

The availably of new techniques using automated high temperature kilns allowed improved high-lustre table ware in the "Royale" brand to be introduced in 1949, and this continued to be produced into the early 1970s.

By the 1970s, the need to pass on increasing fuel and labour costs seriously affected Carlton Ware's ability to continue producing elaborate hand-painted items and changing tastes dictated the introduction of more modern shapes and patterns.  The company then concentrated on novelty items such as "Walking Ware" designed by potter Roger Michell and advertising ware, especially aimed at the liquor trade, until its demise.

See also
Wilton Ware

References

External links
thepotteries.org
Carlton Ware history
Company history
Carlton Ware Designs
Worldwide Collectors club Much useful information

Staffordshire pottery
Companies based in Stoke-on-Trent
Ceramics manufacturers of England


The Diocese of Bielsko–Żywiec () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Bielsko and Żywiec in the Ecclesiastical province of Kraków in Poland.

It was established as the Diocese of Bielsko–Żywiec from the Diocese of Katowice and Metropolitan Archdiocese of Kraków on 25 March 1992. In 2013 about a half of the then Catholic Church members attended church services at least once per week.

Leadership
Bishops of Bielsko–Żywiec (Roman rite)
 Bishop Tadeusz Rakoczy (25 March 1992 − 16 November 2013)
 Bishop Roman Pindel (since 6 January 2014)

Gallery

See also
Roman Catholicism in Poland

Sources
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
  Diocese website

References

Roman Catholic dioceses in Poland
Christian organizations established in 1992
Bielsko-Biała
Żywiec
Roman Catholic Diocese of Bielsko-Żywiec
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century


Rosanna Carteri (14 December 193025 October 2020) was an Italian soprano, primarily active from the 1950s through the mid 1960s. After her debut in Rome at age 19 as Elsa in Wagner's Lohengrin, she appeared in leading roles internationally, based at La Scala in Milan. She participated in world premieres such as the title role of Pizzetti's Ifigenia.

Life and career
Rosanna Carteri was born in Verona and raised in Padua. She studied with Ferrucio Cusinati and started singing in concert at the age of twelve. She won a RAI singing contest in 1948 which led to her operatic debut at the Baths of Caracalla in Rome as Elsa in Wagner's  Lohengrin in 1949, aged only 19. She made her La Scala debut in Milan in 1951 in the title role of Piccinni's La buona figliuola, directed by Giorgio Strehler. She first sang at the Salzburg Festival as Desdemona in Verdi's Otello in 1952, conducted by Wilhelm Furtwängler, and at the San Francisco Opera as Mimi in Puccini's La bohème in 1954. She repeated the role at the Lyric Opera of Chicago, and returned the following year as Marguerite in Gounod's Faust and as Adina in Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore. Carteri appeared at the Verona Arena as Liu in Puccini's Turandot in 1958, at the Royal Opera House in London in Puccini's La Bohème in 1960, and at the Paris Opera in 1961 as Violetta in Verdi's La traviata.

Carteri made a few recordings for Cetra Soria early in her career, in such operas as Rossini's Guglielmo Tell, La bohème and Puccini's Suor Angelica in 1951. She recorded La traviata for RCA Victor with Cesare Valletti and Leonard Warren, conducted by Pierre Monteux in 1956 in a production from the Rome Opera. She participated in several television productions for RAI such as Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro, Otello, and Verdi's Falstaff. She appeared in the title role of Puccini's La rondine in a black-and-white television film in 1958, alongside Giuseppe Gismondo, with orchestra and choir of Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, conducted by Michele Lauro. She was the soprano soloist in a 1961 recording of Poulenc's Gloria, with choir and orchestra of the RTF conducted by Georges Prêtre.

Carteri also participated in the creation of some contemporary works. She performed the title role of Pizzetti's Ifigenia in its premiere performanca as a RAI broadcast 1950, as well as in the first scenic production as part of the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino in 1951. She took part in the premiere of Proserpina e lo straniero by Juan José Castro in 1952, of Ildebrando Pizzetti's  in 1961 and of Il mercante di Venezia by Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco also in 1961.

Carteri decided to retire from opera in 1966 at age 36, to devote her time to her family. She was married to Franco Grosoli; the family relocated from Italy to Monte Carlo in the 1970s to protect the children against kidnappings which were rampant at the time.

Carteri died on 25 October 2020 in Monte Carlo at the age of 89.  She was the last surviving performer of the 56 singers interviewed in Lanfranco Rasponi's landmark series of interviews of retired divas, The Last Prima Donnas (1982).

References

Further reading
 Alain Pâris, Dictionnaire des interprètes et de l'interpretation musicale au XX siècle (2 vols), Éditions Robert Laffont (Bouquins, Paris 1982, 4th Edn. 1995, 5th Edn 2004).
 Roland Mancini and Jean-Jacques Rouveroux,  (orig. H. Rosenthal and J. Warrack, French edition), Guide de l’opéra, Les indispensables de la musique (Fayard, 1995).

External links

 Paolo Padoan: Rosanna Carteri / Il fascino di una voce operanostalgia.be

1930 births
2020 deaths
Italian operatic sopranos
Musicians from Padua
20th-century Italian women opera singers


Vernon was a small mining town, now a ghost town, located in Pershing County, Nevada northwest of Lovelock.

History
The town was founded in 1905 to serve as a base for the nearby mines in the Seven Troughs mining district.  The post office opened in October 1906. The mines remained active for the better part of 3–4 years, but by 1910 the ore was pretty much played out, and the mines began to reduce operations and / or close down entirely.  As this happened, the town itself began to dwindle (down to a population of only 300 in 1907), and by 1918 so few people were left in Vernon and the nearby area that the post office closed its doors.

Tunnel Camp
Tunnel Camp, located two miles north of Vernon, was created 1927 to build a mill and to dig a tunnel to the shafts of the older mines in the Seven Troughs area.  The idea was similar to the idea behind the Sutro Tunnel near Virginia City.  The tunnel to be built at Tunnel Camp was to be about 2.5 miles long so as to allow easier removal of waste rock, ore and water.

Many of the wooden buildings from Vernon were moved to Tunnel Camp.  This spelled the end of Vernon as a town, and the last residents moved on shortly thereafter.

Unfortunately, the miners missed the shafts and in 1934 the effort was abandoned.

Tunnel Camp was also known as New Seven Troughs and as Tunnel.

Location
To reach the site of Vernon today you can take the two-laned paved road leading out to the Eagle-Pitcher diatomaceous earth mine (look for signs indicating this) 14 miles from Lovelock towards Vernon.  Bearing away from the mine road onto a dirt road will take you the last 12 miles to the site of Vernon. The site itself is easily recognizable by the remains of the old stone jail (heavily vandalized), some depressions from old building foundation locations, and wood debris scattered about in the sagebrush.

References

Ghost towns in Pershing County, Nevada
Populated places established in 1905
Ghost towns in Nevada
1905 establishments in Nevada


The diocese of Teano-Calvi () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church  in Campania, southern Italy, created in 1986. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Naples. The historic Diocese of Teano and diocese of Calvi Risorta were united in 1818, forming the diocese of Calvi e Teano.

History

Calvi
Calvi is the ancient Cales or Calenum, not far from Capua. Towards the end of the fifth century it was certainly a bishopric, since Valerius, Bishop of Calenum, was present at the Roman Council held by Pope Symmachus in 499. In the first six centuries, only eight names have been recorded, and these only in a list of bishops found in the Breviarium et Martyrologium of the Church of Calvi, a devotional and hagiographic work. There are no names of bishops recorded between 567 and 761 in this list.

Calvi was originally directly dependent upon the Holy See (Papacy), and its bishops attended the Roman synods. But when Pope John XIII fled Rome and took refuge in Capua, he raised the diocese of Capua to metropolitan status, and gave the new archbishop the diocese of Calvi and Teano (among others) as his suffragans (subordinates).

Destroyed in the 9th century by the Saracens, Calvi was rebuilt by Atenulf I of Capua, at which time, probably, the see was re-established. It certainly had a bishop at the end of the eleventh century.

The cathedral of Calvi, dedicated to the taking up of the body of the Virgin Mary into heaven, is administered and served by a corporation called the Chapter, composed of twelve Canons, headed by the Primicerius. There is also a Theologus and a Penitentiarius, in accordance with the decrees of the Council of Trent, who enjoy prebends, but are not considered Canons.

The seminary of Calvi was founded by Bishop Giuseppe del Pozzo (1718–1724), and was blessed by Pope Benedict XIII as he was returning to Rome from Benevento in 1727.

Teano

The cathedral of Teano is dedicated to S. John the Evangelist and S. Terentianus. There were sixteen Canons in the cathedral Chapter, headed by a Dean. The Canons were once called Cardinals. In 1749, there were two dignities and seventeen Canons. A major fire in the cathedral in the time of Pope Leo X (1513–1521) destroyed nearly all of the archives.

In 1575, the new bishop, Giovanni Paolo Marincola (1575–1588), held a diocesan synod, and ordered the construction of a seminary, in accordance with the decrees of the Council of Trent. But the disorderly life of the bishop postponed work on the work until the administration of Bishop Paolo Squillante in 1654, who had to leave the completion of the work for his successor.

On 29–31 March 1690, Bishop Giuseppe Niccolo Giberti (1681–1697) held a diocesan synod, and had the Constitutions published.

Concordat of 1818
Following the extinction of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, the Congress of Vienna authorized the restoration of the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples. Since the French occupation had seen the abolition of many Church institutions in the Kingdom, as well as the confiscation of most Church property and resources, it was imperative that Pope Pius VII and King Ferdinand IV reach agreement on restoration and restitution. Ferdinand, however, was not prepared to accept the pre-Napoleonic situation, in which Naples was a feudal subject of the papacy. Lengthy, detailed, and acrimonious negotiations ensued.

In 1818, a new concordat with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies committed the pope to the suppression of more than fifty small dioceses in the kingdom. The ecclesiastical province of Naples was spared from any suppressions, but the province of Capua was affected. Pope Pius VII, in the bull "De Utiliori" of 27 June 1818, chose to unite the two dioceses of Calvi and Teano under the leadership of one bishop, aeque principaliter, that is, one and the same bishop was bishop of both dioceses at the same time.  In the same concordat, the King was confirmed in the right to nominate candidates for vacant bishoprics, subject to the approval of the pope. That situation persisted down until the final overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy in 1860.

Change of Metropolitan
Following the Second Vatican Council, and in accordance with the norms laid out in the Council's decree, Christus Dominus chapter 40, major changes were made in the ecclesiastical administrative structure of southern Italy.  Wide consultations had taken place with the bishops and other prelates who would be affected. Action, however, was deferred, first by the death of Pope Paul VI on 6 August 1978, then the death of Pope John Paul I on 28 September 1978, and the election of Pope John Paul II on 16 October 1978. Pope John Paul II issued a decree, "Quamquam Ecclesia," on 30 April 1979, ordering the changes. Three ecclesiastical provinces were abolished entirely: those of Conza, Capua, and Sorrento. A new ecclesiastical province was created, to be called the Regio Campana, whose Metropolitan was the Archbishop of Naples. The dioceses formerly members of the suppressed Province of Capua (Gaeta, Calvi and Teano, Caserta, and Sessa Arunca) became suffragans of Naples.

Diocese of Teano-Calvi
On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat, which was accompanied in the next year by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. Otherwise Calvi and Teano might have continued to share a bishop. Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese. On 30 September 1986, Pope John Paul II ordered that the dioceses of Calvi and Teano be merged into one diocese with one bishop, with the Latin title Dioecesis Theanensis-Calvensis. The seat of the diocese was to be in Teano, and the cathedral of Teano was to serve as the cathedral of the merged diocese. The cathedral in Calvi was to become a co-cathedral, and its cathedral Chapter was to be a Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one diocesan Tribunal, in Teano, and likewise one seminary, one College of Consultors, and one Priests' Council. The territory of the new diocese was to include the territory of the former dioceses of Calvi and of Teano.

Bishops

Diocese of Calvi Risorta
Latin Name: Calvensis
Erected: 5th Century

to 1400

...
Valerius (attested 499)
...
[Rudolfus (761–767)]
Silvius (died 797)
Nicetas (797–814)
...
[Passivus (823–827)]
...
[Andreas (attested 853)]
...
Andreas (attested 966)
...
Petrus (1041–1044)
...
Falco (attested 1094)
...
Joannes ? (attested 1126)
...

Odoardo (Eduardus), O.Cist. (d. 1245)
Palmerius (?–1253)
Isembardus (1265–1271)
Gregorius (1273– ? )
Landulfus ( ? –1285)
Robertus (died 1291)
Henricus (ca. 1291–1301)
Petrus (ca. 1301–1311)
Fredericus (1311–  )
Balianus (ca. 1320)
Joannes (died 1324)
[Petrus, O.Min. (1325–1330)]
Thaddeus de Capua (13??–1332)
Joannes de Concivis, O.Min. (1332–ca. 1343)
Stephanus, O. Carm. (1343–1344)
Joannes de Arpino, O.Min. (1344–1348)
Petrus de Brina, O.Min. (1349–1362)
Rainaldus (1364–1372)
Joannes de Rocha (1372–1377)
Robertus de Bacchariis (1377–1395)
Bartholomaeus, O.E.S.A. (1395–1402) Roman Obedience

since 1400

Stephanus Goberno (1402–1413)
Antonius Galluzzi (1413–1415)
Antonius Del Fede, O. Carm. (1415–1443)
Angelus Mazziotti (ca. 1443–ca. 1466)
Antonius (1466–1495)
Maurilio Giannotti (1495–1505)
Matteo Orsini (bishop) (1505–1512)
Giovanni Antonio Gallo (9 Aug 1519 – 1543)
Lorenzo Spada, O.F.M. Conv. (1 Jun 1543 – 1544 Died)
Berenguer Gombau (27 Oct 1544 – 1551 Died)
Gaspare Ricciullo del Fosso, O.Min. (22 Apr 1551 – 17 Jul 1560 Appointed, Archbishop of Reggio Calabria)
Giulio Magnani, O.F.M. Conv. (17 Jul 1560 – 1566 Died)
Paolo Terracino (10 Jun 1566 – 1575 Died)
Ascanio Marchesini (23 Sep 1575 – 1580 Died)
Scipione Bozzuti (24 Feb 1580 –1582)
Fabio Maranta (5 Mar 1582 – 1619)
Gregorio Del Bufalo (8 Apr 1619 – 1623)
Gennaro Filomarino, C.R. (18 Dec 1623 – Oct 1650)
Francesco Maria Falcucci (19 Dec 1650 – 1661)
Vincenzo Carafa, C.R.L. (8 Aug 1661 – 1679)
Vincenzo Maria da Silva, O.P. (1679–1702)
Giovanbattista Caracciolo, C.R.S. (15 Jan 1703 – 5 Nov 1714)
Filippo Positano (16 Dec 1720 – Dec 1732)
Gennaro Maria Danza (2 Mar 1733 – 1740)
Giuseppe Barone (29 May 1741 – 12 Jan 1742 Died)
Francesco Agnello Fragianni (28 Feb 1742 – Apr 1756 Died)
Giuseppe Maria Capece Zurlo, C.R. (24 May 1756 –1782)
Andrea de Lucia (27 Feb 1792 – 1830 Died)

Diocese of Teano

to 1300

Paris (c. 314–346)
Amasius (c. 346–355)
Urbanus
Quintus (c. 499)
...
Domninus (ca. 555–560)
...
Maurus ? ( ? )

...
Lupus, O.S.B. (d. 860)
Hilarius, O.S.B. (860–after 867)
Stephanus (attested in 868)
Leo (879, 887/888)
Angelarius, O.S.B. (ca. 886–889)
...
Landus (attested 987)
...
Sandarius (c. 1004–1009)
...
Isambardus (attested 1050)
Arduinus (attested 1059)
...
Pandulfus, O.S.B. (attested 1122)
Petrus (ca. 1171–1192)
Theodinus (1193–1227)
Roffredus (attested 1229–1239)
Hugo
Guilelmus
Nicolaus

since 1300

Adenulfus (c. 1305)
Giffredus de Gallutio
Petrus
Homodeus
Bartholomaeus (1348–1353)
Marinus de Judice (1353–1361)
Joannes Mutio (1361–1363)
Francesco de Messana, O.P. (1363–1369)
Thomas de Porta (1369–1382)
Alexander
Antonius (attested 1383–1393) Roman Obedience
Joannes de Ebulo ( –1388) Avignon Obedience
Nicolaus Diano (1393–1412) Roman Obedience
Gasparus de Diano (1412–1418)
Joannes Crispani (1418–1443)
Martinus Pales de Belinzo (1443–1458)
Cardinal Nicolaus Fortiguerra (1458–1473)
Orso Orsini (1474–1495)
Francisco de Borja (1495–1508)
Francisco Borja (1508–1531)
[Cardinal Giovanni Salviati (1531–1535)] Administrator
Antonio Maria Sartori (1535–1556)
Hieronymus Nichesola, O.P. (1557–1566)
Cardinal Archangelo Bianchi, O.P. (1566–1575)
Giovanni Paolo Marincola (1575–1588)
Vincenzo Brancaleone (1588)
Vincenzo Serafini (1588–1616)
Angelo della Ciaia (1616)
Michael Saragoza de Heredia (1617–1622)
Ovidio Lupari (1623–1627)
Giovanni de Guevara, C.R. (1627–1642)
Muzio delle Rose (1642–1654)
Paolo Squillante (1654–1660)
Ottavio Boldoni, Barnabite (1661–1680)
Giuseppe Niccolo Giberti (1681–1697)
Domenico Pacifico (1698–1717)
Giuseppe de Puteo (del Pozzo) (1718–1724)
Dominico Cirillo (1724–1746) (transferred to Carinola)
Angelo Longo, O.S.B. (1746–1749)
Dominico Giordani (1749–1755) (transferred to Nicomedia)
Aniello Broya (1755–1767)
Giovanni Jacopo Onorati (1768–1777)
Filippo Aprile (1777–1792) (transferred to Melfi)
Rafael Pasca, O.S.B. (1792–1797)
Nicola Vecchi (1797–8 January 1808)

Diocese of Calvi e Teano

United: 27 June 1818 with Diocese of Teano

Andrea de Lucia (1818–1830)
Giuseppe Maria Pezzella, O.S.A.  (1830 – 3 Jan 1833)
Giuseppe Trama  (20 Jan 1834 Confirmed – 6 Oct 1837 Resigned)
Nicola Sterlini  (1840–1860)
Bartolomeo D’Avanzo  (13 Jul 1860 – 20 Oct 1884)
Alfonso Maria Giordano, C.SS.R. (20 Oct 1884 – 16 Dec 1907 Resigned)
Albino Pella  (19 Aug 1908 – 12 Apr 1915 Appointed, Bishop of Casale Monferrato)
Calogero Licata  (14 Apr 1916 – 25 Aug 1924)
Giuseppe Marcozzi  (14 Aug 1926 – 21 Apr 1940)
Giacinto Tamburini  (6 Mar 1941 – 8 Jan 1944)
Vincenzo Bonaventura Medori  (17 Jul 1945 – 12 Aug 1950)
Giacomo Palombella  (3 Jan 1951 – 2 Jul 1954 Appointed, Archbishop of Matera)
Matteo Guido Sperandeo  (5 Sep 1954 – 17 Aug 1984 Retired)
Felice Cece (17 Aug 1984 – 8 Feb 1989 Appointed, Archbishop of Sorrento-Castellammare di Stabia)

Diocese of Teano-Calvi
Latin Name:  Theanensis-Calvensis
Name Changed: 30 September 1986

Felice Cece (17 Aug 1984 – 8 Feb 1989 Appointed, Archbishop of Sorrento-Castellammare di Stabia)
Francesco Tommasiello  (15 Jul 1989 – 25 Oct 2005 Died)
Arturo Aiello (13 May 2006 – 5 May 2017)
Giacomo Cirulli (14 Sep 2017 – )

References

Books

Reference works

 p. 864-865 (Calvi); 930-931 (Teano).
  p. 159 (Calvi); 480-481 (Teano). (in Latin)
 p. 243. (in Latin)
 p. 305.  (in Latin)
 p. 324. (in Latin)
 pp. 137–138 (Calvi); 373 (Teano).
 p. 399 (Teano).

Studies

Lanzoni, Francesco (1927). Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604). Faenza: F. Lega.

Acknowledgment

Teano
Teano


"Health 2.0" is a term introduced in the mid-2000s, as the subset of health care technologies mirroring the wider Web 2.0 movement. It has been defined variously as including social media, user-generated content, and cloud-based and mobile technologies. Some Health 2.0 proponents see these technologies as empowering patients to have greater control over their own health care and diminishing medical paternalism. Critics of the technologies have expressed concerns about possible misinformation and violations of patient privacy.

History
Health 2.0 built on the possibilities for changing health care, which started with the introduction of eHealth in the mid-1990s following the emergence of the World Wide Web. In the mid-2000s, following the widespread adoption both of the Internet and of easy to use tools for communication, social networking, and self-publishing, there was spate of media attention to and increasing interest from patients, clinicians, and medical librarians in using these tools for health care and medical purposes.

Early examples of Health 2.0 were the use of a specific set of Web tools (blogs, email list-servs, online communities, podcasts, search, tagging, Twitter, videos, wikis, and more) by actors in health care including doctors, patients, and scientists, using principles of open source and user-generated content, and the power of networks and social networks in order to personalize health care, to collaborate, and to promote health education. Possible explanations why health care has generated its own "2.0" term are the availability and proliferation of Health 2.0 applications across health care in general, and the potential for improving public health in particular.

Current use
While the "2.0" moniker was originally associated with concepts like collaboration, openness, participation, and social networking, in recent years the term "Health 2.0" has evolved to mean the role of Saas and cloud-based technologies, and their associated applications on multiple devices. Health 2.0 describes the integration of these into much of general clinical and administrative workflow in health care. As of 2014, approximately 3,000 companies were offering products and services matching this definition, with venture capital funding in the sector exceeding $2.3 billion in 2013.

Public Health 2.0
Public Health 2.0 is a movement within public health that aims to make the field more accessible to the general public and more user-driven. The term is used in three senses. In the first sense, "Public Health 2.0" is similar to "Health 2.0" and describes the ways in which traditional public health practitioners and institutions are reaching out (or could reach out) to the public through social media and health blogs.

In the second sense, "Public Health 2.0" describes public health research that uses data gathered from social networking sites, search engine queries, cell phones, or other technologies. A recent example is the proposal of statistical framework that utilizes online user-generated content (from social media or search engine queries) to estimate the impact of an influenza vaccination campaign in the UK.

In the third sense, "Public Health 2.0" is used to describe public health activities that are completely user-driven. An example is the collection and sharing of information about environmental radiation levels after the March 2011 tsunami in Japan. In all cases, Public Health 2.0 draws on ideas from Web 2.0, such as crowdsourcing, information sharing, and user-centered design. While many individual healthcare providers have started making their own personal contributions to "Public Health 2.0" through personal blogs, social profiles, and websites, other larger organizations, such as the American Heart Association (AHA) and United Medical Education (UME), have a larger team of employees centered around online driven health education, research, and training. These private organizations recognize the need for free and easy to access health materials often building libraries of educational articles.

Definitions

The "traditional" definition of "Health 2.0" focused on technology as an enabler for care collaboration: "The use of social software t-weight tools to promote collaboration between patients, their caregivers, medical professionals, and other stakeholders in health."

In 2011, Indu Subaiya redefined Health 2.0  as the use in health care of new cloud, Saas, mobile, and device technologies that are:

Adaptable technologies which easily allow other tools and applications to link and integrate with them, primarily through use of accessible APIs
Focused on the user experience, bringing in the principles of user-centered design
Data driven, in that they both create data and present data to the user in order to help improve decision making

This wider definition allows recognition of what is or what isn't a Health 2.0 technology. Typically, enterprise-based, customized client-server systems are not, while more open, cloud based systems fit the definition. However, this line was blurring by 2011-2 as more enterprise vendors started to introduce cloud-based systems and native applications for new devices like smartphones and tablets.

In addition, Health 2.0 has several competing terms, each with its own followers—if not exact definitions—including Connected Health, Digital Health, Medicine 2.0, and mHealth. All of these support a goal of wider change to the health care system, using technology-enabled system reform—usually changing the relationship between patient and professional.:
Personalized search that looks into the long tail but cares about the user experience
Communities that capture the accumulated knowledge of patients, caregivers, and clinicians, and explains it to the world
Intelligent tools for content delivery—and transactions
Better integration of data with content

Wider health system definitions
In the late 2000s, several commentators used Health 2.0 as a moniker for a wider concept of system reform, seeking a participatory process between patient and clinician: "New concept of health care wherein all the constituents (patients, physicians, providers, and payers) focus on health care value (outcomes/price) and use competition at the medical condition level over the full cycle of care as the catalyst for improving the safety, efficiency, and quality of health care".

Health 2.0 defines the combination of health data and health information with (patient) experience, through the use of ICT, enabling the citizen to become an active and responsible partner in his/her own health and care pathway.

Health 2.0 is participatory healthcare. Enabled by information, software, and communities that we collect or create, we the patients can be effective partners in our own healthcare, and we the people can participate in reshaping the health system itself.

Definitions of Medicine 2.0 appear to be very similar but typically include more scientific and research aspects—Medicine 2.0: "Medicine 2.0 applications, services and tools are Web-based services for health care consumers, caregivers, patients, health professionals, and biomedical researchers, that use Web 2.0 technologies as well as semantic web and virtual reality tools, to enable and facilitate specifically social networking, participation, apomediation, collaboration, and openness within and between these user groups.
Published in JMIR Tom Van de Belt, Lucien Engelen et al. systematic review found 46 (!) unique definitions of health 2.0

Overview

Health 2.0 refers to the use of a diverse set of technologies including Connected Health, electronic medical records, mHealth, telemedicine, and the use of the Internet by patients themselves such as through blogs, Internet forums, online communities, patient to physician communication systems, and other more advanced systems. A key concept is that patients themselves should have greater insight and control into information generated about them. Additionally Health 2.0 relies on the use of modern cloud and mobile-based technologies.

Much of the potential for change from Health 2.0 is facilitated by combining technology driven trends such as Personal Health Records with social networking —"[which] may lead to a powerful new generation of health applications, where people share parts of their electronic health records with other consumers and 'crowdsource' the collective wisdom of other patients and professionals." Traditional models of medicine had patient records (held on paper or a proprietary computer system) that could only be accessed by a physician or other medical professional. Physicians acted as gatekeepers to this information, telling patients test results when and if they deemed it necessary. Such a model operates relatively well in situations such as acute care, where information about specific blood results would be of little use to a lay person, or in general practice where results were generally benign. However, in the case of complex chronic diseases, psychiatric disorders, or diseases of unknown etiology patients were at risk of being left without well-coordinated care because data about them was stored in a variety of disparate places and in some cases might contain the opinions of healthcare professionals which were not to be shared with the patient. Increasingly, medical ethics deems such actions to be medical paternalism, and they are discouraged in modern medicine.

A hypothetical example demonstrates the increased engagement of a patient operating in a Health 2.0 setting: a patient goes to see their primary care physician with a presenting complaint, having first ensured their own medical record was up to date via the Internet. The treating physician might make a diagnosis or send for tests, the results of which could be transmitted directly to the patient's electronic medical record. If a second appointment is needed, the patient will have had time to research what the results might mean for them, what diagnoses may be likely, and may have communicated with other patients who have had a similar set of results in the past. On a second visit a referral might be made to a specialist. The patient might have the opportunity to search for the views of other patients on the best specialist to go to, and in combination with their primary care physician decides whom to see. The specialist gives a diagnosis along with a prognosis and potential options for treatment. The patient has the opportunity to research these treatment options and take a more proactive role in coming to a joint decision with their healthcare provider. They can also choose to submit more data about themselves, such as through a personalized genomics service to identify any risk factors that might improve or worsen their prognosis. As treatment commences, the patient can track their health outcomes through a data-sharing patient community to determine whether the treatment is having an effect for them, and they can stay up to date on research opportunities and clinical trials for their condition. They also have the social support of communicating with other patients diagnosed with the same condition throughout the world.

Level of use of Web 2.0 in health care
Partly due to weak definitions, the novelty of the endeavor and its nature as an entrepreneurial (rather than academic) movement, little empirical evidence exists to explain how much Web 2.0 is being used in general. While it has been estimated that nearly one-third of the 100 million Americans who have looked for health information online say that they or people they know have been significantly helped by what they found, this study considers only the broader use of the Internet for health management.

A study examining physician practices has suggested that a segment of 245,000 physicians in the U.S are using Web 2.0 for their practice, indicating that use is beyond the stage of the early adopter with regard to physicians and Web 2.0.

Types of Web 2.0 technology in health care
Web 2.0 is commonly associated with technologies such as podcasts, RSS feeds, social bookmarking, weblogs (health blogs), wikis, and other forms of many-to-many publishing; social software; and web application programming interfaces (APIs).

The following are examples of uses that have been documented in academic literature.

Criticism of the use of Web 2.0 in health care
Hughes et al. (2009) argue there are four major tensions represented in the literature on Health/Medicine 2.0. These concern:
 the lack of clear definitions
 issues around the loss of control over information that doctors perceive
 safety and the dangers of inaccurate information
 issues of ownership and privacy
Several criticisms have been raised about the use of Web 2.0 in health care.  Firstly, Google has limitations as a diagnostic tool for Medical Doctors (MDs), as it may be effective only for conditions with unique symptoms and signs that can easily be used as search term. Studies of its accuracy have returned varying results, and this remains in dispute. Secondly, long-held concerns exist about the effects of patients obtaining information online, such as the idea that patients may delay seeking medical advice or accidentally reveal private medical data. Finally, concerns exist about the quality of user-generated content leading to misinformation, such as perpetuating the discredited claim that the MMR vaccine may cause autism. In contrast, a 2004 study of a British epilepsy online support group suggested that only 6% of information was factually wrong. In a 2007 Pew Research Center survey of Americans, only 3% reported that online advice had caused them serious harm, while nearly one-third reported that they or their acquaintances had been helped by online health advice.

See also
 e-Patient
 Health 3.0
 Patient opinion leader
 Digital health

References

External links
 "Web Site Harnesses Power of Social Networks", The Washington Post, October 19, 2009

Medicine in society
Telehealth
Web 2.0
Health informatics


Lee Spick (25 April 1980 – 26 January 2015) was an English professional snooker player. A former English under-15 champion, he reached the last 48 of ranking events on five occasions, including twice in the World Championship.

Career
He reached the Quarter-Final of the 2000 Benson and Hedges Championship, with wins against Darren Morgan and Dean Reynolds, as well as others, before losing to Mark Davis 4–5. He also reached the Quarter-Final of the 2001 event, beating the likes of World Championship runner-up Nigel Bond, before losing out to future World Champion Shaun Murphy 3-5

He reached the last 48 of the 2006 World Championship and the 2007 China Open. Previously in the 2005 World Championship he had victories over David Gilbert 10–5, before a remarkable 10–7 win over Ding Junhui, which put him only 2 matches away from a place at the Crucible, but Stuart Bingham denied him with a 10–2 victory. In the 2007 China Open he defeated Jeff Cundy, Tony Drago and Dominic Dale.

In the 2007 UK Championships qualifying in 2007, he defeated Jimmy White 9–7 in arguably one of the best results during his career, but he lost 8–9 to Andrew Higginson in the following round.

At the 2008 China Open, Spick defeated Ashley Wright, Rod Lawler and Mark Davis, before losing in the Last 48 to Dave Harold 0–5.

2008/09 season started relatively quiet for Spick. However, after recording impressive wins over Stephen Craigie (10–5), Barry Pinches (10–5) and Adrian Gunnell (10–2), he was within one match of reaching the Crucible for the first time in his career but lost narrowly 8–10 to Steve Davis. Spick seemed to carry that form into the next season, as he reached the last 48 stage of the Shanghai Masters, however he failed to win a further match during the season and as a result was relegated from the tour.

After having missed the opportunities to return to main tour via the 2011 and 2012 Q Schools, Spick announced his retirement from snooker. However he decided to come try again at the 2013 Q School, and at Event 3 he defeated Darrell Whitworth, Sanderson Lam, Darren Cook and Duane Jones to win a two-year card for the 2013–14 and 2014–15 seasons. Spick's return proved to be short-lived however, as he only played two matches, losing both, and had multiple withdrawals due to lack of sponsorship and the resulting depression. He never entered another professional tournament after the 2013 UK Championship.

Illness and death
World Snooker announced the death of Spick on 26 January 2015, after a liver-related illness.

Performance and rankings timeline

Career finals

Non-ranking finals: 2 (2 titles)

Amateur finals: 1 (1 title)

References

External links

 Profile on worldsnooker.com
 Profile on global-snooker.com

English snooker players
1980 births
2015 deaths
Sportspeople from Mansfield
Deaths from liver disease


Michael Donald Brown (born August 5, 1953) is an  American politician serving as the junior United States shadow senator from the District of Columbia, having served since 2007.

As a shadow senator, Brown receives no pay from the government, receives no budget from the government, and cannot vote on matters before the Senate. While he does not have an office in the United States Capitol or any of the Senate's office buildings, the District's government provides the position with an office in the John A. Wilson Building. Brown lobbies the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives on behalf of the citizens of the District in their attempt to gain full representation in Congress, self-determination, and eventually admittance to the Union as a state. As shadow senator, Brown also works with the District's delegate, mayor, and council to advance the interest of local residents on federal issues. Brown was a member of the Democratic Party, until he changed his party registration to independent in 2014. He re-joined the Democratic Party in 2017.

Brown is known colloquially as "white Mike" to distinguish him from Michael A. Brown, another Washington, D.C. politician who shares the same name. Brown's opponent in one race suggested that some Washingtonians might be voting for Michael D. Brown thinking they were voting for Michael A. Brown; Michael D. Brown strenuously denied this possibility.

Positions
In 2018, Brown became irate that his delegation was not included in the D.C. Council's financing bill. After yelling and disrupting the proceedings, Brown quieted down after he was told that he would be forcibly removed from the premises.

2006 election

Brown ran for the position of shadow senator in 2006, using campaign posters with the slogan "the last Shadow Senator you'll ever need" and registering the domain name "shadowsenator.com" for his website. Brown opposed a bill to give the District a full representative in the House of Representatives because it did not make the District a state. In the Democratic primary in September, he received 73 percent of the vote, defeating his opponent, Ward 8 activist Philip Pannell. Incumbent shadow senator Florence Pendleton was not on the primary ballot after Pannell challenged her nominating ballots. Of her required 2,000 ballots, only 1,559 were found to be valid. She campaigned as a write-in, but received only 2 percent of the vote. Pannell blamed his loss at least partly on voter confusion, since the better-known Michael A. Brown was running for mayor at the same time; others, including Michael A. Brown himself, agreed.

In the November general election, Brown received 86 percent of the votes, while Joyce Robinson-Paul, a member of the D.C. Statehood Green Party, received 14 percent. There was no Republican candidate running for the position.

2010 election
Brown was a candidate for at-large member of the Council of the District of Columbia. Other Democrats running for the same position included Clark Ray and incumbent Phil Mendelson, who was comfortably re-elected. Concerned that many voters would confuse which Michael Brown was on the ballot, Mendelson sent out mailers with pictures of both politicians.

2012 election
Brown sought reelection to his position as shadow senator in 2012. He had the endorsements of District progressive organizations  and local Democratic party groups.  Brown was challenged by a wealthy District landlord Peter A. Ross who self-funded his campaign and outspent Brown by a more than 200:1 ratio.  Ross's campaign had to overcome news reports noting a past conviction for federal tax fraud and reports that he failed to pay his District real estate taxes. Brown won reelection.

2018 election

Brown faced a competitive primary challenge from Andria Thomas, defeating her by 51% to 47.3%. He was re-elected in the general election with 88.2% of the vote.

Electoral history

2006

2012

2018

Personal life
Brown was born in Newark, New Jersey, and moved to Montgomery County, Maryland, as a teenager. Brown received a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in public policy from the University of Maryland. Brown has lived in the District since 1984, and he currently lives in the neighborhood of American University Park. Brown is also the president and founder of Horizon Communications Corp., which provides direct-mail services to political organizations and non-profit organizations.

Race for DC Council
In 2014, Brown ran as an independent for a seat on the Council of the District of Columbia as an at-large member. He finished 3rd, but the top two finishers won the seats.

References

|-

1953 births
Living people
Politicians from Newark, New Jersey
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
United States shadow senators from the District of Columbia
Washington, D.C., Independents
Washington, D.C., Democrats


Khanpasha Nuradilovich Nuradilov (, ; 6 July 1924 – 12 September 1942) was a Soviet machine gunner in the Red Army between 1940 and 1942. He is credited with killing an estimated 920 enemy soldiers with his PM M1910 machine gun, making him the highest-scoring machine gunner of all time. He also captured 18 Nazi German soldiers alive and 7 German machine guns. He was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his valiant last stand in the Battle of Stalingrad.

During the Battle of Stalingrad in September 1942, during the fighting in the area of the city of Serafimovich, Stalingrad Region, Nuradilov commanded a machine-gun platoon. Seriously wounded, he did not leave the battlefield, destroying 250 Germans and 2 machine guns. He died in this battle on September 12, 1942.

 Khanpasha took his last battle at the famous height 220 on the left bank of the Don River, on the outskirts of Stalingrad. On September 12, 1942, a terrible battle broke out at the height. The Germans threw a large number of tanks at the positions of Soviet soldiers. Khanpasha Nuradilov's machine gun fired non-stop, cutting off the German infantry from the tanks. Suddenly there was a strong explosion, the explosion from a tank shell overturned both the machine gun and Sergeant Khanpasha [11].Buried in the Volgograd region, Kumylzhensky district, the village of Bukаnоvskaya.

Awards
 Hero of the Soviet Union
 Order of Lenin
 Order of the Red Banner
 Order of the Red Star

Footnotes

References

Chechen military personnel of World War II
1924 births
1942 deaths
Heroes of the Soviet Union
Soviet military personnel killed in World War II
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Deaths by airstrike during World War II


The Diocese of Teano (Latin: Dioecesis Theanensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese in Italy, located in the city of Teano in the province of Caserta in Campania, Italy. In 1818, it was united the Diocese of Calvi Risorta to form the Diocese of Calvi e Teano. In 1986, the two dioceses were combined into one, with the seat of the bishop at Teano.

History
Teano is a former fief of the Gaetani. Its first bishop was supposedly Paris of Teano (d. 346), ordained by Pope Sylvester I; according to tradition, Saint Urbanus and Saint Amasius were bishops of Teano in the fourth century.

Concordat of 1818
Following the extinction of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, the Congress of Vienna authorized the restoration of the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples. Since the French occupation had seen the abolition of many Church institutions in the Kingdom, as well as the confiscation of most Church property and resources, it was imperative that Pope Pius VII and King Ferdinand IV reach agreement on restoration and restitution. Ferdinand, however, was not prepared to accept the pre-Napoleonic situation, in which Naples was a feudal subject of the papacy. Lengthy, detailed, and acrimonious negotiations ensued.

In 1818, a new concordat with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies committed the pope to the suppression of more than fifty small dioceses in the kingdom. The ecclesiastical province of Naples was spared from any suppressions, but the province of Capua was affected. Pope Pius VII, in the bull "De Utiliori" of 27 June 1818, chose to unite the two dioceses of Calvi and Teano under the leadership of one bishop, aeque principaliter, that is, one and the same bishop was bishop of both dioceses at the same time.

Diocese of Teano-Calvi
On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat, which was accompanied in the next year by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. Otherwise Calvi and Teano might have continued to share a bishop. Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese. On 30 September 1986, Pope John Paul II ordered that the dioceses of Calvi and Teano be merged into one diocese with one bishop, with the Latin title Dioecesis Theanensis-Calvensis. The seat of the diocese was to be in Teano, and the cathedral of Teano was to serve as the cathedral of the merged diocese. The cathedral in Calvi was to become a co-cathedral, and its cathedral Chapter was to be a Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one diocesan Tribunal, in Teano, and likewise one seminary, one College of Consultors, and one Priests' Council. The territory of the new diocese was to include the territory of the former dioceses of Calvi and of Teano.

Bishops of Teano

to 1300

Paris (c. 314–346)
Amasius (c. 346–355)
Urbanus
Quintus (c. 499)
...
Domninus (ca. 555–560)
...
Maurus ? ( ? )

...
Lupus, O.S.B. (d. 860)
Hilarius, O.S.B. (860–after 867)
Stephanus (attested in 868)
Leo (879, 887/888)
Angelarius, O.S.B. (ca. 886–889)
...
Landus (attested 987)
...
Sandarius (c. 1004–1009)
...
Arduinus (attested 1059)
...
Pandulfus, O.S.B. (attested 1122)
Petrus (ca. 1171–1192)
Theodinus (1193–1227)
Roffredus (attested 1229–1239)
Hugo
Guilelmus
Nicolaus

since 1300

Adenulfus (c. 1305)
Giffredus de Gallutio
Petrus
Homodeus
Bartholomaeus (1348–1353)
Marinus de Judice (1353–1361)
Joannes Mutio (1361–1363)
Francesco de Messana, O.P. (1363–1369)
Thomas de Porta (1369–1382)
Alexander
Antonius (attested 1383–1393) Roman Obedience
Joannes de Ebulo ( –1388) Avignon Obedience
Nicolaus Diano (1393–1412) Roman Obedience
Gasparus de Diano (1412–1418)
Joannes Crispani (1418–1443)
Martinus Pales de Belinzo (1443–1458)
Cardinal Nicolaus Fortiguerra (1458–1473)
Orso Orsini (1474–1495)
Francisco de Borja (19 Aug 1495 - 5 Jun 1508 Resigned)
Francisco Borja  (5 Jul 1508 - 1531 Resigned)
Giovanni Salviati  (21 Jun 1531 - 30 Apr 1535 Resigned)
Antonio Maria Sartori  (30 Apr 1535 - 1556)
Girolamo Michele Nichesola, O.P. (11 Jan 1557 - Aug 1566)
Archangelo de' Bianchi (Blanca), O.P. (16 Sep 1566 - Sep 1575 Resigned)
Giovanni Paolo Marincola  (18 Sep 1575 - 1588 Resigned)
Vincenzo Brancaleoni  (9 Mar 1588 - Aug 1588)
Vincenzo Serafino  (3 Oct 1588 - 1615)
Angelo della Ciaja  (24 Feb 1616 - Nov 1616)
Miguel Angel Zaragoza Heredia  (27 Feb 1617 - Aug 1622)
Ovidio Lupari  (9 Jan 1623 - 1626)
Juan de Guevara, C.R.M. (22 Mar 1627 - Aug 1641)
Muzio de Rosis (14 Jul 1642 - Sep 1654)
Paolo Squillanti (7 Dec 1654 - 2 Jan 1660)
Ottavio Boldoni, (15 Nov 1660 - Feb 1680)
Giuseppe Nicola Gilberti  (12 May 1681 - 29 Nov 1697 Resigned)
Domenico Pacifico  (27 Jan 1698 - Sep 1717)
Giuseppe del Pozzo  (11 Feb 1718 - Aug 1723)
Domenico Antonio Cirillo  (14 Feb 1724 - Aug 1745)
Angelo Longo, O.S.B. (9 Mar 1746 - 19 Oct 1749)
Domenico Giordani  (1 Dec 1749 - 7 Jul 1755 Resigned)
Agnellus Broya  (17 Nov 1755 - Nov 1767)
Giovanni Giacomo Onorati  (25 Jan 1768 - 12 May 1777 Appointed, Bishop of Troia)
Filippo d’Aprile  (23 Jun 1777 - 27 Feb 1792 Confirmed, Bishop of Melfi e Rapolla)
Raffaele Pasca, O.S.B.  (26 Mar 1792 - 1795)
Nicola Vecchi  (18 Dec 1797 - 1808)

References

Books

Reference works

 p. 864-865 (Calvi); 930-931 (Teano).
  p. 159 (Calvi); 480-481 (Teano). (in Latin)
 p. 243. (in Latin)
 p. 305.  (in Latin)
 p. 324. (in Latin)
 pp. 137–138 (Calvi); 373 (Teano).
 p. 399 (Teano).

Studies

Lanzoni, Francesco (1927). Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604). Faenza: F. Lega.

Former Roman Catholic dioceses in Italy
Former Roman Catholic dioceses in Europe


The 26th BRDC International Trophy was a non-championship Formula One race held at Silverstone on 7 April 1974. The 40-lap race was run in connection with a Formula 5000 event, and was won from pole position by James Hunt, driving a Hesketh-Ford, with Jochen Mass second in a Surtees-Ford and Jean-Pierre Jarier third in a Shadow-Ford.

Classification
Note: a blue background indicates a Formula 5000 entrant.

References

BRDC International Trophy
BRDC International Trophy
Formula 5000 race reports
BRDC


The Kern arc is an extremely rare atmospheric optical phenomenon belonging to the family of ice crystal halos. It is a complete and faint circle around the zenith, in contrast to the related and much more common circumzenithal arc, which is only ever a partial circle.

The Kern arc is named after H.F.A. Kern in the Netherlands, who first reported it on October 8, 1895.  Since then it has been reported on six occasions.

It is formed by rays entering the top faces of horizontal plate crystals and leaving through a near vertical side face. Kern arc rays undergo an internal reflection off a side face inclined at 60° to the exit face. Near triangular hexagonal crystals with three alternate side faces much shorter than the others allow the Kern arc to occur.

The first photographs of the Kern arc were taken by Marko Mikkilä close to Vuokatti Ski Resort, Sotkamo, Finland on 17 November 2007. The photographs were in natural sunlight taken from an artificial cloud of ice crystals created by snowguns. At the Vuokatti Ski Resort about 100 snowguns may operate at one time. The temperature was −15 to −18 °C in clear sky and almost no wind. Nikon D70 and Nikon FM cameras were used with Sigma 8mm EX F4,
Sigma 15mm EX F2.8 lenses. Some samples of ice crystals were also collected, confirming their nearly triangular base.

Mikkilä's photographs were first published in Tähdet ja avaruus-magazine 1/2008. The magazine is published by URSA, the Finnish association of astronomy.

See also
 Halo (optical phenomenon)
 Circumzenithal arc

References

Atmospheric optical phenomena


St Bartholomew's Church is in the village of Thurstaston, Wirral, Merseyside, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester, and the deanery of Wirral North. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

History
The earliest mention of a church on the site is around 1125 although other evidence suggests that a church was present in Anglo-Saxon times. In 1724, the Norman church was described as being a "mean building extremely small, low and dark". The church was taken down in 1820, and a new church was completed in 1824. This church was in turn dismantled, although its tower still stands. The new church was designed by J. Loughborough Pearson, and was consecrated in 1886. A lychgate was erected in memory of Thomas Henry Ismay of Dawpool in 1900.

Architecture

Exterior

The church is built in red sandstone, and has a tiled roof. Its plan consists of a three-bay nave, a chancel divided into a choir and a sanctuary, and a south vestry. Above the choir is a tower with a spire. The west end has angle buttresses and a tall three-light window. On the north and south sides of the nave are three three-light windows. On the north side of the tower are gabled buttresses flanking a three-light window. The bell stage has louvred, paired bell openings. Above this is a cornice, simple pinnacles at the corners and a broach spire with louvred lucarnes. To the southwest of the tower is a round turret with a conical roof. The east window has five lights.

Interior

The authors of the Buildings of England series describe the interior as "superb", particularly in the way that the visitor experiences "increasing richness" when "progressing eastwards". There are arches at the entrance to the chancel and the sanctuary. The reredos is in alabaster, and depicts a relief of the Resurrection; this is surrounded by angels in niches. The pulpit is in alabaster, and has pierced panels. The font is octagonal, made of Mexican onyx on Blue John shafts and coloured marble steps. A sedilia is on the south wall of the chancel. Also in the church is a dole cupboard dated 1723. The organ case is dated 1905, designed by Norman Shaw, with panels painted by Robert Christie. Some of the stained glass is by Clayton and Bell. Above the door are the arms of Queen Anne. On the wall at the west end of the church are white marble tablets commemorating members of the Whitmore and Glegg families. The two-manual organ was built by Henry Willis & Sons in 1905 and designed by Dr A. L. Peace, organist of St George's Hall, Liverpool. It was rebuilt by the same firm in 1963, and further modifications were made in 1985 by Rushworth and Dreaper, and in 1994 by Keith Ledson. There is a ring of six bells, all cast by John Taylor & Co, five of which are dated 1886 and the sixth 2002.

Exterior features

Near the church is the tower of the previous church which is dated 1824. It is built in three stages with an embattled parapet and is a Grade II listed building. In the churchyard is a stone sundial dated 1844 which is also listed at Grade II. Also in the churchyard is a 17th-century stone font with an octagonal bowl and a rounded stem, and the ancient stone coffin lid of a child. In addition the churchyard contains the war graves of a World War I Middlesex Regiment officer, and an airman, Royal Engineers soldier and Lancashire Fusiliers officer of World War II. The tomb of Thomas Henry Ismay (1837–99), founder of the White Star Line, stands close to the old tower. It was designed by Richard Norman Shaw.

See also

Grade II* listed buildings in Merseyside
List of new ecclesiastical buildings by J. L. Pearson
Listed buildings in Thurstaston

References

Further reading

Churches in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral
Church of England church buildings in Merseyside
Churches completed in 1886
19th-century Church of England church buildings
Gothic Revival church buildings in England
Gothic Revival architecture in Merseyside
Grade II* listed churches in Merseyside
Diocese of Chester
J. L. Pearson buildings


St Columb Minor Church is a late 15th-century Church of England parish church Diocese of Truro in St Columb Minor, Cornwall, United Kingdom

Site
The site is probably that of an ancient barrow where pagan rites were celebrated, and was originally circular. The position is in full view of the twin tumuli, the symbol of the fruitfulness of Mother Nature. It is sheltered from the strong winds of the Atlantic and looks down the Rialton valley and across at Castle-an-Dinas at the summit of Castle Downs. Here the Celtic missionaries, centuries before the Columba legend arose, drove away the evil spirits and replaced pagan magic by Christian worship, and erected the first wooden sanctuary. The Churchtown lay to the West and South while the shelving ground to the North and East prevented building for all time. Hence, as in the case of so many villages, the houses extended more and more from the parish church.

St Columba
Both St Columb Minor & St Columb Major churches were dedicated to Columba of Cornwall, but there is no written record of this. How the name arose or who St. Columba was is not known. The legend is very like that of St. Columba of Sens and some historians think she may be a French saint. the late Mr. Henderson suggested that St. Crantoc called his companions Columba (doves) and that these churches were named after his missionaries.

The Church Building
The first church was probably replaced more than once, until about 1100 A.D. a Norman church was built. Its outline has been traced from the present chancel step to about a yard from the belfry door, with  North and South walls, exactly where the nave arches stand today. Part of the Norman foundations are to be seen around the pillars. It is possible to picture this old church with small windows, perhaps with transepts, and having a low arch leading to an apse.

About the middle of the twelfth century another church was erected in the place of the Norman one. This had aisles which terminated at the chancel. Nothing is known about the building of this church, The Church was first mentioned in 1283 as a chapelry to the collegiate church of Crantock. The collegiate church were appropriated the parishes of Crantock and St Columb Minor; That same year, Bishop Peter Quinel united the prebends to make a vicarage. During the reformation the Crown grantee was under the obligation of providing curates for Crantock and St. Columb Minor, but the stipend of the latter, having been fixed at £8, was soon rendered quite inadequate by the rise in prices.

In 1417 the Bishop of Exeter stated that the chancel was in a ruinous state and that the church must rebuild at once. The stones used, tell their own story, as does also the style of architecture.

About 1430 nave arcades were reconstructed: two of the original pillars of Beer stone were left but the other pillars are of Cornish granite. One baffling question concerns the blocked window near the tower which is Early English but does not accord with the rest of the building.

About 1470 the east walls of both transepts were taken down and the aisles extended to the length of the chancel, the side walls of the chancel being pierced with arcades.

The Tower was built in the fifteenth century. There were three altars, of which something can be learnt from the researches of Dr. W. J. Stephens. The high altar was dedicated to St. Columba and the Blessed Virgin Mary. The north altar was to the Holy Trinity. The south altar was to St. Michael, and stood in front of the screen. The piscenas of these altars were disclosed at the 1886 restoration and are of beer stone.

Woodwork. The screen was destroyed in 1795. A few fragments may be seen in the North aisle. The staircase and passages through the arcades remain. William Hals (1658) gives this description:- “The Rood loft (yet standing though without a rood on it) a most curious and costly piece of workmanship, carved and painted with gold, silver, vermilion and bice, is a masterpiece of art in these parts of that kind.” The church was seated with benches “built by the poor stock in 1595” and had carved ends. They were destroyed in 1795 but one is to be seen in the North aisle.

The Font of Penventon stone was made about 1450 and is a copy of a Norman original.

The Porch with stone benches dates about 1450. The date 1669 was carved over the door-way but was removed at the 1886 restoration.

The Tower, recorded as the second highest in Cornwall, is 115 feet in height. Until recent building on the Newquay  Road it could be seen from nearly every point of the very extensive parish, and far out to sea.

The Royal Arms are of Charles II and are unusually large and finely coloured.

Monuments. The most interesting of the slate slabs placed on the walls are to Elizabeth Pollamounter, the daughter of Richard Pollamounter, Gent: and to Roger Ellery who was registrar during the Commonwealth.

A visitor to the church in 1878 found the church damp with green mould on the pillars and walls, and dry rot everywhere. The churchyard was the most shamefully kept he had ever seen.

Restorations
There have been two “restorations.” In 1795 the screen was cut up for floor boards and the nave and aisles filled with deal box pews for the farmers and a gallery put up at the West end for the labourers. The names of subscribers are painted on a board in the belfry. In 1840 the Lay Rector destroyed the ancient East window and inserted the present “churchy” window. Samples of the Victorian glass from this window hang in the North aisle. The Holy Water Stoup was removed about this time and built into the boundary wall to the East of the chancel.

In 1884 the building was in a deplorable state and another restoration was effected. Unfortunately the restorers did not understand this type of church which having been under a monastic body was all on one level. To make a series of steps to the altar the whole floor of the nave was lowered and the floor of the chancel so raised as to bury the bases of the pillars. The church was seated in pitch pine and a new roof put in. The carved rafters of the aisles were taken from the nave roof, and to make the church perfectly straight the chancel walls which inclined to the South were forced out of shape. The organ was formerly in a private house. The church was reopened on 23 September 1886 with a morning sermon by the Bishop of Truro, George Wilkinson.

Features of the church
The pulpit, a splendid piece of work, was given in 1935 by J. Knight, Esq, of Beachcroft in memory of his daughter. The original stone pulpit was given to Trencreek chapel. The chapel was demolished some time ago and the original pulpit has now been lost.

An oak altar table has been given by Mrs Stephens and Dr Stephens in memory of Mr Alexander Stephens who was Churchwarden for many years. Let into the mensa is the Portable Altar, which dates from 1415 and is in perfect condition: there are very few other examples of such an altar.

The clock was given in 1910 in memory of the Reverend A Langford. From the record of the installation of the church clock that it was dedicated by the Vicar on 4 November 1910, and started at exactly three o’clock, when we are told “The sweetness of the chimes was noted by all with delight”. On the face of the clock appear the arms of the Langford family. The appearance of the clock is described as being in accordance with the oldest known examples of such clocks, as seen at Hexham Abbey, and Kirkbampton and Castle Rushen in the Isle of Man.

There is a peal of eight bells.

See also

 St Columba's Church, St Columb Major

References

The St. Columb Minor Parish and Church History and Calendar blotter of 1939–40

External links

Parish website

St Columb Minor
St Columb Minor
St Columb Minor


Ouvrage Sainte-Agnès was a work (gros ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line, also called the Little Maginot Line.  The fortification was built between 1932 and 1938.  The site is at the south edge of the hill town of Sainte-Agnès, Alpes-Maritimes at an elevation of 780 metres overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.

In the 16th century the House of Savoy built a fortification in Sainte-Agnès, which was a strategic location between the Counts of Provence and Genoa. The fortress saw actions between the French and the Sardinians, becoming a possession of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardina between 1814 and 1860 before returning to France.

The Maginot fortification was planned to defend the Bay of Menton and to prevent attack on the coastal cities from the north. The ouvrage consisted of one entry block, two artillery blocks, two infantry blocks and one observation block facing Italy.  There are approximately 2000 square metres of underground space under more than 55 metres of rock cover.

Description
The ouvrage was built between November 1931 and October 1934 by a contractor named Borie, at a cost of 16.8 million francs. In 1940 it was commanded by Captain Panzani. Ten observation posts reported to Sainte-Agnès.
 Block 1 (entry): One machine gun embrasure and one machine gun cloche and one grenade launcher cloche.
 Block 2 (artillery block): One machine gun turret, one grenade launcher cloche, one twin machine gun port, two 75mm gun ports and two 81mm mortar ports. Block 2 was equipped with optical signalling equipment aimed at Ouvrage Roquebrunne and Ouvrage Mont Agel.
 Block 3 (artillery block): One machine gun turret, one observation cloche, one twin machine gun port, two 75mm gun ports, two 81mm mortar ports and two 135mm gun ports. Block 3 faces north, just under the ruins of the château.
 Block 4 (observation block): One machine gun/observation turret and one machine gun port.
 Block 5 (infantry block): One machine gun port, not linked to the main ouvrage.
 Block 6 (infantry block): One machine gun port, not linked to the main ouvrage.

Observation posts
The observation post at Pic-de-Garuche , while closer to Ouvrage Castillon to the north, reported to Saint-Agnès. The post comprised an entry block and an observation block with a unique example of a VP cloche. The design was by CORF, the primary Maginot design organization, but construction was managed by MOM (Main d’Œuvre Militaire), which carried out the construction of many of the lesser posts.

Nine smaller observation posts are associated with Sainte-Agnès, including Garuche, Banquettes, Cime de Biancon, Pic-de-Garuche-Sud, Siricocca, and cote 902. Cote 902 was a CORF project, located to the east of Pic-du-Garuche to protect the flanks of Sainte-Agnès and Castillon. Planned 81mm mortars were not installed.

Actions
Ouvrage Sainte Agnes held against the Italian offensive of 1940, firing on Italian troops advancing along the coast. 1,201 rounds were fired from the 75 mm guns, 80 from 81 mm mortars, and 234 from 135 mm guns. Saint-Agnès fired on the coastal roads on 21 June, and on the Col du Razet the next day to discourage Italians advancing toward the avants-postes of Scuvion and Pierre-Pontue. Firing from Sainte-Agnès' artillery blocks was supported by a nearby battery of mobile 155 mm guns. On 23 June Block 3 fired again against infiltrators around Scuvion and Pierre-Pontue, and later on Italian columns around Menton.

The ouvrage remained in government hands until 1990, when it was transferred to the town of Sainte-Agnès and was opened to the public as a museum. It is open for visitation during summer months.

See also
 List of Alpine Line ouvrages

References

Bibliography
 Allcorn, William. The Maginot Line 1928-45. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
 Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II, Stackpole Books, 2006.
 Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovič-Potočnik, A. and Lang, P. The Maginot Line: History and Guide, Pen and Sword, 2011.
 Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 1. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2001.
 Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 4 - La fortification alpine. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
 Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.

External links

 Ouvrage Sainte-Agnès
 Fort de Sainte-Agnès at Chemins de mémoire
 Ouvrage de Sainte-Angès at Les Sentinelles des Alpes
 Sainte-Agnès (gros ouvrage) at fortiff.be
 Sainte Agnés, pictures, location on map, infos and documents  at wikimaginot.eu

STAG
Maginot Line
Alpine Line
World War II museums in France


Giorgino is a 1994 French thriller film directed by Laurent Boutonnat.

Plot
In the 1918 war-stricken Giorgio Volli returns to the orphanage where he had been working with children for a while. When arriving he finds out that the tragedy had happened in the house – the wife of the orphanage owner had committed suicide. He couldn't manage to save her. Soon after, it was revealed that the house is almost empty and abandoned, and the children died under unclear circumstances, only one girl named Catherine survived. Giorgio starts to investigate what had happened. Through mysteries and hidden truth, he finds out that the orphanage owner, Doctor Degrace, could be involved in psychiatric experiments with children, which might lead to a tragedy. His daughter – Catherine – is autistic, but she is the only witness of life and death of children; thus, she became a key person for Giorgio to unriddle mysteries of Dr. Degrace.

Cast
 Jeff Dahlgren : Giorgio Volli
 Mylène Farmer : Catherine Degrâce
 Jean-Pierre Aumont : Sébastien Degrâce, Catherine's father
 Joss Ackland : The priest Glaise
 Louise Fletcher : The innkeeper
 Frances Barber : Marie
 Albert Dupontel : Orderly, the crippled nurse
 Christopher Thompson, Christian Gazio : The young captain
 Su Elliot : Marthe
 Janine Duvitski : Josette
 Richard Claxton : Raoul
 John Abineri : Dr. Jodel
 Anne Lambton : Mother Raoul
 Valérie Kaplanová : The old woman
 Lillian Malkina: Mrs.Vennepeyn
 Jana Andresíková: Mme Forestier

Soundtrack
 Soundtrack (released on December 3, 2007)
 Edition Super Jewel Box
 "Ouverture" (3:52)
 "Le Vent et la Neige" (1:14)
 "La Route de Chanteloup" (1:05)
 "L'Orphelinat"
 "Les Montagnes noires" (2:11)
 "En calèche" (2:19)
 "À Catherine" (1:26)
 "Giorgino theme" (3:37)
 "Levée du corps" (0:46)
 "L'Abbé Glaise" (1:45)
 "Giorgio et les Enfants" (3:09)
 "La Nursery" (3:09)
 "Retour à l'orphelinat" (2:30)
 "L'Armistice" (1:42)
 "La Valse des baisers"
 "Giorgio et Catherine" (3:49)
 "Docteur Degrâce" (4:31)
 "Morts pour la France" (2:28)
 "Les Femmes dans l'église" (1:41)
 "Les Funérailles" (2:37)
 "Petit Georges" (1:21)
 "Sombres Souvenirs" (2:34)
 "Le Christ et les Cierges" (1:41)
 "Menteur" (3:30)
 "Le Marais" (1:50)
 "Final" (7:43)

References

External links

1994 drama films
1994 films
English-language French films
1990s English-language films
1990s French films


USS General Putnam (SP-2284) was a ferry boat acquired by the U.S. Navy for local service for a short period of time during World War I.  She was returned to her owner at the close of the war.

Construction
General Putnam (SP-2284), a ferry boat, was built in 1902 by Pusey & Jones, Wilmington, Delaware. She was  long,  wide, had a draft of , and displaced . She had a top speed of , and a complement of 13 men. She was propelled by a  steam engine, which had one shaft.

Service history
She was acquired under charter by the U.S. Navy on 6 February 1918, from her owner John E. Moore & Co. She was taken over  on 16 July 1918; and placed in service at New York City on 29 July 1919. She was assigned to the 3d Naval District. General Putnam was manned by the owner's civilian crew and was used as a ferry boat between New York Navy Yard and Ellis Island. After the Armistice, she was returned to her owner on 2 October 1919.

References

Ships built by Pusey and Jones
1902 ships
Ferries of the United States Navy
World War I auxiliary ships of the United States


Narnhac is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Naucelles (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Neuvéglise (; Auvergnat: Nòvaglèisa) is a former commune in the Cantal department in south-central France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Neuvéglise-sur-Truyère.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Former communes of Cantal
Cantal communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Populated places disestablished in 2017


Nieudan (; ) is a commune in the département of Cantal in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Omps is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

It comprises a collection of pleasant cottages, many with lauze roofs, surrounding the village church, but there is also an imposing Manor House. It has recently undergone improvements to the public spaces. The village's only bar closed in 2006, and with the exception of a garden centre there are no other commercial premises.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Oradour (; Auvergnat: Orador) is a former commune in the département of Cantal in south-central France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Neuvéglise-sur-Truyère.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Cantal department

References

Former communes of Cantal
Cantal communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Populated places disestablished in 2017


The Welsh Rugby Union Division Six Central (also called the SWALEC Division Six Central for sponsorship reasons) is a rugby union league in Wales first implemented for the 2007/08 season.

Competition
There are 10 clubs in the WRU Division Six Central. During the course of a season (which lasts from September to May) each club plays the others twice, once at their home ground and once at the home ground of their opponents for a total of 18 games for each club, with a total of 90 games in each season. Teams receive four points for a win and two point for a draw, an additional bonus point is awarded to either team if they score four tries or more in a single match. No points are awarded for a loss though the losing team can gain a bonus point for finishing the match within seven points of the winning team. Teams are ranked by total points, then the number of tries scored and then points difference. At the end of each season, the club with the most points is crowned as champion. If points are equal the tries scored then points difference determines the winner.

Sponsorship
In 2008 the Welsh Rugby Union announced a new sponsorship deal for the club rugby leagues with SWALEC valued at £1 million (GBP). The initial three year sponsorship was extended at the end of the 2010/11 season, making SWALEC the league sponsors until 2015. The leagues sponsored are the WRU Divisions one through to seven.

 (2007-2008) No sponsor as league created during sponsorship term.
 (2008-2015) SWALEC

2010/2011 Season

League teams
 Aberavon Naval Club
 Caereu Ely RFC
 Cambrian Welfare RFC
 Cardiff Saracens RFC
 CRC Caerdydd RFC
 Glyncoch RFC
 Llandrindod Wells RFC
 Llanrumney RFC
 Pontrhydyfen RFC
 Ynysowen RFC

League table

2009/2010 Season

League teams
 Aberavon Naval Club
 Caereu Ely RFC
 Cambrian Welfare RFC
 Cardiff Saracens RFC
 CRC Caerdydd RFC
 Glyncoch RFC
 Llandrindod Wells RFC
 Llanrumney RFC
 Pontrhydyfen RFC
 Ynysowen RFC

League table

2008/2009 Season

League teams
 Bryncethin RFC
 Caereu Ely RFC
 Cambrian Welfare RFC
 CRC Caerdydd RFC
 Glyncoch RFC
 Llandrindod Wells RFC
 Llanrumney RFC
 Ynysowen RFC
 Wattstown RFC

League table

2007/2008 Season

League teams
 Bryncethin RFC
 Caereu Ely RFC
 Cambrian Welfare RFC
 CRC Caerdydd RFC
 Glyncoch RFC
 Llandrindod Wells RFC
 Llanrumney RFC
 Sulley Sports RFC
 Ynysowen RFC
 Wattstown RFC

League table

References

8


The Wiener Singakademie is a choir in Vienna, Austria.

History
As the first mixed choir in Vienna, the Wiener Singakademie was founded in 1858 to establish a "Singübungsanstalt" - an institution for the training of voices. It aims to promote the works of the traditional masters, and include contemporary works. In 1862, the young Johannes Brahms was invited to come to Vienna as the choir's director.

Conductors with whom the choir primarily worked included Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss and Bruno Walter, the latter becoming the choir's director for a number of years.  Composers who conducted premiere performances of their works with the Wiener Singakademie have included Edvard Grieg, Anton Rubinstein and Pietro Mascagni.

After 55 years as an independent choir, the Wiener Singakademie moved in 1913 to the newly opened Wiener Konzerthaus as part of the Wiener Konzerthausgesellschaft. In the 1950s and 1960s the choir was led by Hans Gillesberger. Wilhelm Furtwängler and Paul Hindemith, Karl Böhm and Hans Svarowsky, along with the young Lorin Maazel were jointly responsible for the choir's development at that time.

In 1983, Agnes Grossmann assumed the post of artistic director, as the first woman to head the Wiener Singakademie.

Alexander Pereira was Secretary General of the Wiener Konzerthausgesellschaft from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s, later succeeded by Herbert Böck. It has worked with artists including Georges Prêtre, Yehudi Menuhin, Claudio Abbado, Sir Roger Norrington, Sir John Eliot Gardiner, Sir Simon Rattle and Kent Nagano.

Since the beginning of the 1998–99 season, Heinz Ferlesch has led the choir, which features the routine training of singers, and integrates young soloists and ensembles into concert performances. The repertory of the choir has included performances of J.S. Bach's Johannespassion under Ton Koopman, Benjamin Britten's War Requiem under Simone Young, Verdi's Messa da Requiem under Franz Welser-Möst, and Scelsi's Konx-Om-Pax under Ingo Metzmacher. Heinz Ferlesch has led the choir in a cappella literature and baroque works for choir and orchestra. The fall 2006 performance of Händel's Judas Maccabaeus was recorded and produced as a CD in cooperation with the ORF (the Austrian Broadcasting Company). Currently, the Wiener Singakademie includes about 100 male and female singers.

In 2006 the Wiener Singakademie founded the Wiener Singakademie Kammerchor (chamber choir). The ensemble, made up of members of the Wiener Singakademie, primarily performs cappella music, as well as vocal works requiring a smaller ensemble. In July 2007 the Wiener Singakademie Kammerchor was awarded a second and a fourth place prize at the international choir competition at Spittal/Drau. For the jubilee season of 2008 Christian Mühlbacher was commissioned to compose a piece for the Ensemble.

On 8 March 2008, for the choir's 150th anniversary at the Wiener Konzerthaus, J.S. Bach's Matthäuspassion was performed at a jubilee concert in the Großer Saal of the Konzerthaus. Also in 2008, a soccer match was held against the Wiener Singverein, which was also celebrating its 150th anniversary that year.

References

External links
 Official web site

Austrian choirs
Musical groups established in 1858
1858 establishments in the Austrian Empire


Alice Masaryková or Alice Garrigue Masaryk (3 May 1879 – 29 November 1966) was a Czech teacher, sociologist and politician. She is a prominent figure within the field of applied sociology and known to many as the daughter of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and the First Lady of Czechoslovakia.

Family
Alice Masaryk was born in Vienna, Austria as the first child to the future founder and first president of Czechoslovakia, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and his US American wife Charlotte Garrigue. Her siblings were Herbert Masaryk, Olga Masaryková, Eleanor Masaryková and Jan Masaryk. In her memoirs Masaryk recalls a "happy and fulfilled childhood...[and] dedicated herself mainly to the study of languages, religion and especially reading."

Education
The family moved to Prague when she was 3 years old, where Masaryk started school in 1886. Her education lasted until 1898 and included advanced secondary education at the first girls' grammar school in Prague, Minerva. This was followed up by university studies at the renowned Charles University in Prague to fulfill her dream of becoming a doctor. Masaryk reports that she took the opportunity very seriously not least because she was one of few women admitted for medical sciences. However she left the department after a year for several reasons. She continued her studies in diverse subjects such as History, Sociology and Philosophy at the Charles University and moved to London, Berlin (1901-1902) and Leipzig to "deepen her academic education by studying abroad." She received a Doctorate on 23 June 1903, with a dissertation on "The Magna Charta of Freedom of King John Lackland, 1215".

Work
After she finished her studies, Masaryk was invited to stay at the University of Chicago Social Settlement (UCSS) where she met Julia Lathrop, Mary McDowell and Jane Addams. This encounter and the time spent in the USA "influenced her future professional development...[by] learn[ing] the progressive American methods of social work".

After returning to Czechoslovakia she worked as a teacher in České Budějovice from 1907 to 1910, where she taught Geography and History at a secondary educational level. In 1910 she returned to Prague to teach at a new school.

Masaryk was one of the founders of the sociological department at the Charles University in Prague in 1911, which focused on social pathologies including topics like: "reality of poverty, the working and living conditions of the industrial workers of Prague, neglected children and the family, alcoholism, venereal disease, nutrition, and social hygiene." Masaryk's colleague, Anna Berkovcova reports Masaryk's credo:  After being detained in 1915, Alice Masaryk was arrested  and was not then allowed to return to her job as a teacher and with the closure of the sociological departement she began teaching sociology from her home only until in 1918 she established of the first Czechoslovak Higher School of Social Work in collaboration with her friend Anna Berkovcova. Anna Berkovcova describes the reasoning for the founding of the school as follows: The school was established with the authority of the Bohemian Commission for Child Care and was at the time "the only Bohemian welfare organization recognized by the Austro-Hungarian government." Masaryk and Berkovcova are both recognised as the founders of social education in Czechoslovakia. The objective of the school was shaped by the "sociology developed by Jane Addams and George Herbert Mead at the University of Chicago...and the UCSS."

After the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic Masaryk was appointed as the head of the Czechoslovak Red Cross organisation on 6 February 1919, and she presided this organisation gratuitously until the German invasion in 1938. This position enabled her to change the Austrian welfare system, for example by establishing policlinics and food kitchens for the poor. In 1929 she appointed structural engineer and architect Marie Schneiderová-Zubaníková as a technical adviser.

Following the German invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1938, Masaryk took up on an invitation to stay at the UCSS. A lecture tour on the social condition of Czechoslovakia, where she replaced her brother, was cancelled after 5 months. Several traumatic incidents led to her hospitalisation from 1940 to 1945. She returned to Czechoslovakia after the end of World War II only to have to emigrate again when the Soviet Union seized power. She permanently stayed in the US and continued to be politically active for the Czechoslovak cause.

Politics
Alice Masaryk's involvement in Czechoslovak politics was overshadowed by her father's role in the creation of an independent Czechoslovak state. In 1915 Masaryková was accused of hiding her father's political writings and detained for eight months in a prison in Vienna. Consideration of her execution was only quieted after the USA put pressure on the Austrian government. The interfering was based on a public uproar in the U.S., in which Masaryk was openly supported by prominent personalities like Julia Lathrop, Jane Addams and Mary McDowell. In 1919 Alice Masaryková was one of the first women elected as members of parliament of the Czechoslovak Republic founded on 28 October 1918, and headed by her father Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk as the first president. When her mother died in 1923, Masaryk replaced her as the official representative alongside her father and was essentially the First Lady of the new Republic.

In 1928 Masaryková was the president of the First International Conference of Social Work and at a consequent meeting in 1939 clearly outlined her political attitude when "she spoke of the need for each country to pursue 'liberty, equality, and fraternity' as a means of producing a democratic unity of all people... she stressed that a democracy truly concerned about the welfare of all people would be economically stabler and politically more humane."
Masaryková was an active supporter of the academic women network and it is also recorded that Tomáš Masaryk contributed to a monetary fund for the First International Fellowship of the International Federation of University Women (IFUW).

The German occupation forced Masaryková into exile. She continued to be politically active during her stay in the U.S. by dedicating herself to charitable activities. With the German attack on Poland on 1 September 1939 Masaryková "openly joined the campaign for the liberation of Czechoslovakia."

With the end of World War II, Masaryková returned from the USA only to witness the Communist coup d'état in 1948. When her brother, Jan Garrigue Masaryk, the Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia was found dead in March 1948, Alice Masaryková emigrated and she found a permanent refuge in the USA. She carried on her political work and from 1950 to 1954 "frequently spoke on the Radio Free Europe, encouraging those remaining in Czechoslovakia to remain steadfast in their struggle for democracy."

Death

Alice Masaryková died on 29 November 1966 in Chicago. In 1994, her ashes were buried next to her parents in a plot at Lány cemetery, where also her brother Jan Masaryk was laid to rest.

Publications
Alice Masaryk, The Bohemian in Chicago, in: Charities and the Commons (1904), 13, p. 206-210.
Alice Masaryk, foreword, in Mary E. Hurlbutt (ed.) (1920a) Social Survey of Prague, Vol 3, Prague: Ministry of Welfare, pp. 7–8.
Alice Masaryk, From an Austrian Prison, in: The Atlantic Monthly (1920b), 126, pp. 577–587.
Alice Masaryk, The Prison House, in The Atlantic Monthly (1920c), 126, pp. 770–779.
Alice Masaryk, A Message from Alice Masaryk, in: The Survey (1921a), 46, p. 333.
Alice Masaryk, The Program of the Czechoslovak Red Cross after 18 months, in: Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge (1921b), pp. 736–739.
Alice Masaryk, Help for Russia, in: Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge (1921c), pp. 863–864.
Alice Masaryk, The Bond Between Us, in Proceedings of the National Conference of Social Work (1939), New York, Columbia University Press, pp. 69–74.

References

Bibliography
Alice Garrigue Masaryk, 1879–1966. Her Life as Recorded in Her Own Words and by Her Friends (1980).
Bruce Keith, Alice Masaryk (1879-1966), in Mary Jo Deegan (ed.), Women in Sociology, New York 1991, p. 298-305.
Christine von Oertzen, Strategie Verständigung - Zur transnationalen Vernetzung von Akademikerinnen 1917-1955 (to be published in 10/2012).
H. Gordon Skilling, Mother and Daughter. Charlotte and Alice Masaryk. Prague: Gender Studies, 2001.

1879 births
1966 deaths
Writers from Prague
Members of the Revolutionary National Assembly of Czechoslovakia
Czech feminists
Czech people of American descent
Czech people of French descent
Czechoslovak expatriates in Austria
Czechoslovak expatriates in the United States
Czech schoolteachers
Charles University
Czech sociologists
Politicians from Prague


Pailherols is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal
Cantal communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Jetclub is a charter airline based in Mexico City.

Fleet
The Jetclub fleet consists of the following aircraft (as of 24 May 2008):
1 Airbus A320-211 (which is operated for Delta Air Lines)
1 Boeing 757-200 (which is operated by VIM Airlines)
The Boeing 757 was leased in 2008 May and only is suministred by VIM in the April–May season.

References
 Private Jet Charter Flights

Charter airlines of Mexico
Airlines of Mexico City
Airlines established in 2002
Airlines of Mexico
Mexican companies established in 2002


Parlan () is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Paulhac is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Museum Park or Park Museum may refer to:
Skyscrapers
 One Museum Park in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
 One Museum Park West in Chicago
 Ten Museum Park in Miami, Florida, U.S.
Museums
 Clifton Park Museum in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England
 Weston Park Museum in Sheffield, England
Parks
 Museum Park (Miami), a park in Miami
 Forest Park Museum and Arboretum in Perry, Iowa, U.S.
Other
Museum Park station, a Metromover station in Miami


Uvayuq, formerly Ovayok or Mount Pelly, is an esker in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in northern Canada on Victoria Island within the Ovayok Territorial Park. The hill, which is more than  high, is located  north east of the hamlet of Cambridge Bay, Nunavut.

History
The area around Uvayuq has long been used by Inuit for hunting and there are over 120 archaeological sites on the esker. These include pirujaq (storage cache), campsites and a grave. The oddest find was a stack of loon bones that had been "cut at every joint". This find, which the local elders indicated was something they had never seen and must have happened before their grandparents were alive, fitted in with an Inuit legend. The legend indicated that people in the area were starving and they were saved only when a skilled hunter killed a loon. To feed all the people the bones had to be broken at the joints so all could be fed.

Modern history
The esker was given its English name by Thomas Simpson and Peter Warren Dease in 1839 to honour Sir John Henry Pelly, governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. Simpson and Dease had travelled from Great Bear Lake, down the Coppermine River, to Back River. In 1850-51 John Rae, while searching the south coast of Victoria Island for clues to the lost expedition of John Franklin, climbed to the top of Mount Pelly.

Traditional belief

Northwest of Uvayuq are two more eskers called Inuuhuktu (Baby Pelly) and Amaaqtuq (Lady Pelly). Inuit legend says that the three hills are a family of starving giants. They were crossing Victoria Island looking for food and the father, Uvayuq, died first. Next the son, Inuuhuktu (English; "teenaged boy"), died and was followed by the mother, Amaaqtuq (English; "packing baby", see amauti), who was carrying her baby.

References

Mountains of Kitikmeot Region


The 2004 All-Pro Team was composed of the National Football League players that were named to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association, and The Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2004. Both first and second teams are listed for the AP team. These are the three teams that are included in Total Football II: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League.  In 2004, the Pro Football Writers Association and Pro Football Weekly combined their All-Pro teams, a practice with continues through 2008.  In 2004, the AP reinstated the “Fullback” position.

Teams

Key
 AP = Associated Press first-team All-Pro
 AP-2 = Associated Press second-team All-Pro
 PFWA = Pro Football Writers Association All-NFL
 TSN = The Sporting News All-Pro

References
Pro-Football-Reference.com
2004 NFL All-Pro team roster

All-Pro Teams
Allpro


Paulhenc is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal


Pers (; ) is a former commune in the Cantal department in south-central France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Le Rouget-Pers.

It is on the edge of the Châtaigneraie and near the Ségala. It is also adjacent to the lake of Saint-Étienne-Cantalès, a large body of water formed by the damming of the river Cère for hydro electric purposes.

The village also has a very good go-cart track, and regularly hosts championship races.

As well as the church and the town hall, there are two bars, and a camping site. Gites may also be rented from the farm. There are no shops.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Former communes of Cantal
Populated places disestablished in 2016


Peyrusse (; ) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Cantal department

References

Communes of Cantal