Jacob Piatt Dunn Jr. (April 12, 1855 – June 6, 1924) was an American historian, journalist, and author. A political writer and reformer, Dunn worked on ballot reform issues based on the Australian ballot system, authored a new Indianapolis city charter, and served as adviser to Indiana governor Thomas R. Marshall and U.S. Senator Samuel M. Ralston.

Born in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, Dunn grew up in Indianapolis, graduated from Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, in 1874, and received a law degree (LL.B.) from the University of Michigan in 1876. Dunn briefly practiced law in Indianapolis, then moved to Colorado in 1879, where he and his brothers prospected and looked after their father's mining interests. It was in Colorado that Dunn discovered an interest in journalism and history.

In 1884 Dunn returned to Indianapolis and completed his first book, Massacres of the Mountains: A History of the Indian Wars of the Far West, 1815–1875, published in 1886. Dunn continued to research and write about state and local history, including Greater Indianapolis: The History, the Industries, the Institutions, and the People of a City of Homes (1910), his most important work. Other notable books include, Indiana: A Redemption from Slavery (1888) and Indiana and Indianans: A History of Aboriginal and Territorial Indiana and the Century of Statehood (1919). As an ethnologist, his main concern was that of the Miami tribe of Indiana and the preservation of its language. Dunn compiled a Miami–English dictionary, which remains a valuable resource for researchers. Although Dunn was not trained as a historian, his writing on American history topics are still used and respected for studies of Indiana and Indianapolis history. Dunn's interest in history also led him to join other historians in revitalizing the Indiana Historical Society into an effective organization. Dunn served as its recording secretary from 1886 until his death. He also served two terms as the state librarian (1889 to 1893) and was appointed to the Indiana Public Library Commission, serving from 1899 to 1919 (and as its first president from 1899 to 1914).

Dunn's career as a newspaper journalist provided his primary source of income. He often wrote in support of Indiana's Democratic Party politics. His involvement Indiana's political history is most notable for his crusade for election reform. Dunn supported the Australian ballot system, which helped to eliminate vote buying. In addition, Dunn and others drafted a new city charter for Indianapolis, which was approved after further amendments in 1891. Dunn was appointed for two terms as the Indianapolis city controller, from 1904 to 1906 and from 1914 to 1916, and served two years as chief deputy to the Marion County treasurer, from 1910 to 1912. Dunn ran for Indiana's Seventh Congressional District in 1902 as a Democrat, but lost to the Republican incumbent.

Dunn's service was not without controversy. As the Indianapolis city controller, he was criticized for using the interest earned on guaranty bonds for personal gain. Although there was no law prohibiting this practice, the mayor asked for Dunn's resignation, but he was never prosecuted. As a political advisor to Indiana governor Thomas R. Marshall, Dunn drafted a new Indiana Constitution, which expressed nativist views and racial bias. Dunn placed even more restrictions on voting than the version that already existed at that time. The proposal passed the Indiana General Assembly, but the Indiana Supreme Court deemed it unconstitutional and it failed in an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1913. Following a trip to Haiti and Santo Domingo in 1921, where Dunn hoped to identify profitable manganese mines, Samuel M. Ralston, newly elected to the U.S. Senate, chose Dunn as his secretary for his Washington, D.C. office. Dunn became ill while serving as Ralston's chief aide and died in 1924.

Youth and education
Dunn was born in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, on April 12, 1855, the third of five children born to Jacob and Harriett Louisa (Tate) Dunn. Dunn's father, a cattle trader, went to the California goldfields in 1849, returned to Indiana in 1854, and moved the family to a farm on the Ohio River before finally settling in Indianapolis in 1861.

Dunn attended public schools in Indianapolis and graduated with a bachelor of science degree from Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, in 1874. At Earlham, Dunn was a member of the Ionian Society, a literary group, and wrote for its monthly magazine, The Earlhamite. Dunn went on to obtain a law degree (LL.B.) from the University of Michigan two years later. After graduation, Dunn returned to Indianapolis and briefly practiced law, working for the firm of McDonald and Butler, before moving with his brothers to Colorado in 1879 to prospect and look after their father's silver mine interests. It was in Colorado that Dunn discovered an interest in journalism and history that continued throughout the remainder of his life. While in Colorado, Dunn researched the history of Native Americans in the Far West and served as a reporter for newspapers in Denver and Leadville, Colorado. Dunn contributed articles to the Denver Tribune-Republican, the Leadville Chronicle, the Maysville Democrat, and the Rocky Mountain News, before returning to Indianapolis in 1884.

Early career
After Dunn returned permanently to Indianapolis in 1884, he resumed his law practice and completed Massacres of the Mountains: A History of the Indian Wars of the Far West, 1815–1875 using research he had begun in Colorado. Harper and Row published the book in 1886. Dunn's work helped him earn a master's degree from Earlham College. Relying heavily on government documents, Dunn analyzed the subject in detail, creating the first scholarly look at the subject and a "minor classic" that is "still used and respected" by scholars of American history. At the same time, Houghton, Mifflin, and Company was working on its American Commonwealths series and invited Dunn to write the Indiana volume, Indiana: A Redemption from Slavery, published in 1888. Using resources from the Library of Congress, the Bureau of American Ethnology, the Canadian archives, Indiana State Library, and the Indianapolis Public Library, Dunn considered the question of slavery in the Indiana Territory. Dunn further supported himself by writing political editorials for local newspapers, including work for the Indianapolis Sentinel, which he also edited for a time.

In 1886 Dunn joined fellow Hoosiers, including William H. English, Daniel Wait Howe, Major Jonathan W. Gordon, and other Indianapolis historians to "revitalize" the languishing Indiana Historical Society. Dunn was selected as its recording secretary in 1886 and held the post until his death. Dunn was instrumental in forming the IHS into an active organization. In addition, Dunn secured funds from the Indiana legislature to improve the Indiana State Library's resources and served two terms as the Indiana state librarian, from 1889 to 1893. A strong supporter of free public libraries, Dunn was also one of three people appointed to the newly created Indiana Public Library Commission, where he served from 1899 to 1919 (from 1899 to 1914 as its first president). In addition to his position as state librarian, Dunn's other jobs included two terms as the Indianapolis city controller, from 1904 to 1906 and from 1914 to 1916, and two years as chief deputy to the Marion County treasurer, Frank P. Fishback, from 1910 to 1912. Dunn ran for Indiana's Seventh Congressional District in 1902 as a Democrat, but lost to the Republican incumbent, Jesse Overstreet.

Marriage and family
On November 23, 1892, Dunn married Charlotte Elliott Jones. The couple met when they had acting parts in an amateur theatrical at the Indianapolis Propylaeum Club. The Dunns had two daughters; their only son drowned in 1904, while the family was on vacation in Nantucket, Massachusetts.

Political reformer
Dunn's involvement in Indiana's political history is notable, especially his crusade for ballot reform. As a political reformer, Dunn worked within the state's Democratic Party on election issues. Dunn supported the Australian ballot system, where the government, rather than the political parties, printed and distributed the official ballot, and voters marked their ballots at polling places in secret, helping to eliminate vote buying. Indiana's secret ballot law served as a model for other states to follow. Although it was a move forward, Dunn felt it fell short of eliminating vote buying entirely and continued his efforts for additional election reforms in the state.

In 1890 the Commercial Club appointed a nonpartisan committee, which included Dunn and other Indianapolis citizens, to draft a new charter for the city using Philadelphia's Bullitt Law and Brooklyn's city charter as models. Among the proposed changes, the new Indianapolis city charter increased the mayor's power, allowing appointments to the Board of Public Works, the Board of Public Safety, the Board of Health, and the city engineer without additional approval from the city council or board of aldermen. Following further amendments, the new charter was approved by the Indiana General Assembly in 1891.

In 1914, as the city controller appointed by the Democratic mayor Joseph E. Bell, Dunn was criticized in the Indianapolis News for using interest earned on contractors' guaranty bonds for personal gain. Although there was no law prohibiting this, and previous occupants of the office had also followed this custom, Bell ordered Dunn to stop the practice in December 1915. Six months later Bell asked for Dunn's resignation along with two others, John Reddington, the deputy city controller, and John Pugh, the deputy auditor of the Board of School Commissioners. The Indianapolis News reported that Dunn was being made the scapegoat for irregularities made by political appointees. Dunn was not prosecuted; however, "Reddington, Pugh, and John Shaughnessy, a former bookkeeper in the controller's office, were indicted by a Marion County grand jury."

Dunn also worked at the state level as adviser to Indiana governor Thomas R. Marshall and drafted a new state constitution. The much-debated proposal for the new state constitution passed the Indiana Senate on February 27, 1911, and the Indiana House of Representatives on March 2, 1911, but it was ruled as unconstitutional by the Indiana Supreme Court, which had a Republican majority. The U.S. Supreme Court denied an appeal on December 1, 1913, defeating the effort.

Author and ethnographer
Following the publications of Massacres of the Mountains and Indiana: A Redemption from Slavery, Dunn continued to research and write about other state and local history topics. While he remained a part-time historian, Dunn wrote for and edited several Indiana Historical Society publications and contributed articles to other scholarly journals. In The Word Hoosier, published in 1907, Dunn detailed his extensive research into the origin of the word as a term for citizens of Indiana. He also wrote biographical material for publications such as Men of Progress: Indiana, published in 1899, and Memorial and Genealogical Record of Representative Citizens of Indiana, published in 1912.

Dunn's career as a newspaper journalist, his primary source of income, gave him the opportunity to write about state and local politics. As a political writer for the Democratic State Central Committee, Dunn wrote Seven Percent Off: What the Democratic Party Demands from the Protection Monopolists in 1888. Dunn also contributed articles to the Indianapolis Sentinel, Indianapolis News, Indianapolis Star, and the Indianapolis Times. Dunn used his "considerable writing skills" to support Indiana's Democratic party politics.

Dunn's two-volume book, Greater Indianapolis: The History, the Industries, the Institutions, and the People of a City of Homes, published In 1910, is considered to be his greatest work. It remains a valuable resource for those interested in the city's development. While the first volume is an "intelligently written, well-researched" local history, the second volume consists of "standard biographies of notable Indianapolis residents. Greater Indianapolis, along with his five-volume Indiana and Indianans: A History of Aboriginal and Territorial Indiana and the Century of Statehood, published in 1919, are still considered "indispensable sources" for studying Indiana history.

In addition to the history of Indiana, Dunn remained interested in Native American history. From his time in Colorado, Dunn continued to collect information on American Indians. His research on tribes in Indiana first appeared in articles for the Indianapolis News and was later published in a book, True Indiana Stories, in 1908. In addition, Dunn was passionate about preservation of Native American languages, especially Potawatomi, Shawnee, and Miami. In his other notable twentieth-century work, the compilation of a Miami–English filecard dictionary of the Miami-Illinois language, commissioned by the Bureau of American Ethnology, Dunn worked with several different speakers of the language in Indiana and Oklahoma. Three sections of the dictionary were completed before the bureau ended its support of the project, but Dunn continued work on the manuscript of the Miami dictionary, which is part of the Indiana State Library's collections and remains a "valuable resource" for researchers.

In 1916 Dunn tried to establish a national Society for the Preservation of Indian Languages, but his efforts were unsuccessful. Even though this effort failed, he continued to write about Indiana's Native American heritage. After the National Research Council, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, encouraged efforts to conduct archaeological surveys in Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri, Dunn served on an Indiana committee that urged the Indiana General Assembly to establish a research project under the direction of the Indiana Conservation Commission (known today as the Indiana Department of Natural Resources).

Later years
While in his sixties, Dunn traveled to Hispaniola for two months in 1921, visiting Haiti and Santo Domingo to evaluate the area's mineral resources and hoping to identify profitable manganese mines for a group of American investors. He was not successful in finding sufficient deposits of manganese or gold. Returning to the United States in early 1922, Dunn wrote about his Haitian adventures as well as his studies of the island's dialects and voodoo cult.

In 1922 Samuel M. Ralston, the newly elected U.S. Senator from Indiana, chose Dunn as his private secretary for his office in Washington, D.C. While serving as Ralston's chief aide, Dunn became ill from a tropical disease he contracted on his trip to Haiti that made him prone to jaundice. Dunn had to return home to Indianapolis. He died on June 6, 1924. Dunn is buried in Crown Hill Cemetery in Indianapolis.

Legacy
As a political reformer, some claim Dunn was an example of a blend between a secular evangelist and progressive, while others believe he was more of a "'hide-bound' partisan". Working behind the scenes in Indiana politics, Dunn worked to secure honest elections in the state through adoption of new ballot laws and a proposal for a new state constitution. In addition, he was an advisor to Hoosier democrats such as Indiana's governor Thomas R. Marshall and U.S. Senator Samuel M. Ralston. At the same time, he combined lifelong interests in politics and history by writing several memorable books on Indiana history. A collection of his works and papers are held at the Indiana Historical Society.

Dunn is best remembered as the author of several important works on Indiana history, most notably Greater Indianapolis. Although he was not an academically trained historian, Dunn did "yeoman work" in documentary research on Native Americans in the western United States, supported research and preservation of the Miami language, and wrote extensively on the history of Indiana and its residents. He was also an active journalist and political writer, "notable for his ability to understand and sympathize with the motivations of both sides of most disputes." Two of Dunn's efforts ended unsuccessfully: the first, obtaining precious metals in the American West and Hispaniola; the second, and far more controversial, a desire to write a new Indiana state constitution, which included language that would have removed voting privileges for many immigrants and blacks. Dunn's draft of a new Indiana constitution placed even more restrictions on voting than the existing version. Although the effort failed, Dunn still played a pivotal role in the state's efforts in election reform with the adoption of the Australian ballot system.

Dunn's descriptions of Haiti's cannibalistic aboriginals and voodoo and his use of racist terms such as nigger and chink have caused some historians to question Dunn's sincerity on wanting to preserve the language of the Miamis. Others acknowledge his actions may have "personified the vanities and limitations of his time, place, and social class."

Selected works

References and notes

Bibliography

External links

 Jacob Piatt Dunn collection, Rare Books and Manuscripts, Indiana State Library

1855 births
1924 deaths
Historians from Indiana
Earlham College alumni
Historians of Indiana
20th-century American non-fiction writers
People from Lawrenceburg, Indiana
University of Michigan Law School alumni
Indiana Historical Society
Writers from Indianapolis
Indiana lawyers
Journalists from Indiana
Indiana Democrats


Million Dollar Mouthpiece is the fourth studio album by rapper Yukmouth, released February 12, 2008 on Rap-A-Lot, Smoke-A-Lot Records, Asylum Records and Warner Bros. Records. Shortly after this release, Yukmouth left Rap-A-Lot Records.

Track listing

Chart positions

References

2008 albums
Albums produced by Cozmo
Albums produced by Droop-E
Yukmouth albums
Gangsta rap albums by American artists


Muhammad Nur Sutan Iskandar, known as Nur Sutan Iskandar was born in Sungai Batang, West Sumatra on November 3, 1893 and died in Jakarta on November 28, 1975. He was prominent Indonesian author and most of productive writer in the Balai Pustaka generation. In 1919, he moved to Jakarta and joined to Balai Pustaka. He also translated novels by Alexandre Dumas, H. Rider Haggard, and Arthur Conan Doyle.

List of Novels

 Apa Dayaku karena Aku Perempuan (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1923)
 Cinta yang Membawa Maut (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1926)
 Salah Pilih (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1928)
 Abu Nawas (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1929)
 Karena Mentua (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1932)
 Tuba Dibalas dengan Susu (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1933)
 Dewi Rimba (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1935)
 Hulubalang Raja (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1934)
 Katak Hendak Jadi Lembu (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1935)
 Neraka Dunia (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1937)
 Cinta dan Kewajiban (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1941)
 Jangir Bali (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1942)
 Cinta Tanah Air (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1944)
 Cobaan (Turun ke Desa) (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1946)
 Mutiara (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1946)
 Pengalaman Masa Kecil (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1949)
 Ujian Masa (Jakarta: JB Wolters, 1952, reprinted)
 Megah Cerah (Jakarta: JB Wolters, 1952)
 Peribahasa (co-writer with K. Sutan Pamuncak and Aman Datuk Majoindo. Jakarta: JB Wolters, 1946)
 Sesalam Kawin

External links

1893 births
1975 deaths
Minangkabau people
Indonesian writers
People from Agam Regency
Writers from the Dutch East Indies


The 24 October Movement was a resistance movement, now a political party founded by Farouk El Moukaddem in 1969. The movement focuses on people from the lower classes who struggle through poverty.

Bibliography

1999 establishments in Lebanon
Social democratic parties
Factions in the Lebanese Civil War
Lebanese National Movement
Political parties established in 2002
Political parties in Lebanon
Social democratic parties in Lebanon


Danella Lucioni (born June 21, 1984) is a Peruvian, American, and Italian model currently living in Florence, Italy.

Early life
Born in Arequipa, Lucioni moved to South Pasadena, California with her family when she was 15 years old. She was scouted by several modeling agencies in her teens in Los Angeles and Italy, but wasn't interested in a fashion career until college, when she began modeling for friends in make-up school while studying for her bachelor's degree in advertising at California State University, Fullerton.

In 2006, she signed with UberWarning, which would dissolve the following year, and then Body Parts Models ("BPM") in 2007 and Otto Models in 2008. Her current manager is Gordon Rael.

Career

Modeling
Lucioni has appeared in publications such as Seventeen, California Apparel News, Stuff, LA Times Magazine, Peru's COSAS  and  the cover of "Ellos&Ellas", 944, and Prequel, as well as print campaigns for CBGB, Ina Soltani, Sidaka Kaye, and among others including being featured in Lamborghini's 2009 calendar.  In 2008 she shot with Paris Hilton for promotional material for Paris Hilton's My New BFF.

As a runway model, Lucioni has graced the catwalk in 2007, 2008, and 2009 Los Angeles Fashion Week shows for designers including Betsey Johnson, Nanette Lepore, Madison Marcus, Miguel Torres, ShaDang, Joyrich, Sidaka Kaye, Sterling Williams, David Tupaz, RYGY, Siboney Swimwear, and many other designers, as well for Fashion TV. Lucioni has also worked as a runway hair model several times for Wella, stylist Nick Arrojo, and Sebastian's The Doves.

Some of Lucioni's commercials include Mercedes-Benz for Italy, Lamborghini, and Oil of Olay for the US.

As a model, she made appearances in Launch my Line as the finale runway model, VH1's reality TV show The Shot (for photographers Jason Clevering and Dean Zulich) along with  America's Next Top Model'''s model Sarah VonderHaar, and was interviewed by the entertainment network E! for their 12 Sexiest Hollywood Jobs special, in which her profession as a body parts model ranked #1.

 Acting
Lucioni portrayed Gina in feature film Cathedral Canyon in 2013, starring alongside Winsor Harmon. She has also appeared in HBO's Entourage,  TLC's Untold Stories of the ER, and TLC's Diagnosis X''.  She co-starred in indie band Go West Young Man's music video "The Covinas", and has also been in other music videos for the likes of Christina Aguilera, UK rock band Switches, and double-platinum singer from Spain, Huecco.

Trivia
 In 2007, Lucioni went skydiving with The Golden Knights, the United States Army Parachute Team, in Arizona, and jumped along with Clint Eastwood's daughter Kimber Eastwood, Dwight Hicks (NFL's San Francisco 49ers Super Bowl two-time winner), and Pamela Bach (Baywatch actress and David Hasselhoff's ex-wife) and in 2008 for the second time, along with Dennis Haysbert, NFL's Drew Brees and Robert Patrick among other celebrities.
 As an animal rights supporter, Lucioni founded non-profit kitten organization, Athena Kittens.

References

External links

Danella Lucioni's Official Site

1984 births
Living people
California State University, Fullerton alumni
Italian female models
Italian television actresses
People from Arequipa


The United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1944 was an election for California's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred as part of the general election of the House of Representatives on November 7, 1944. Democrats picked up four districts.

Overview

Delegation composition

Results
Final results from the Clerk of the House of Representatives:

District 1

District 2

District 3

District 4

District 5

District 6

District 7

District 8

District 9

District 10

District 11

District 12

District 13

District 14

District 15

District 16

District 17

District 18

District 19

District 20

District 21

District 22

District 23

See also
79th United States Congress
Political party strength in California
Political party strength in U.S. states
1944 United States House of Representatives elections

References
California Elections Page
Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives

External links
California Legislative District Maps (1911-Present)
RAND California Election Returns: District Definitions

1944
California
United States House of Representatives


Kyriakos "Koulis" Apostolidis (Greek: Κυριάκος "Κούλης" Αποστολίδης; born 3 March 1946) is a Greek former footballer. He began his career in the North American Soccer League and finished it with PAOK Thessaloniki in Greece. Apostolidis lead the NASL in goals in 1971 and later earned six caps with the Greece national football team. He has also coached in the Greek First Division, most recently with PAOK Thessaloniki FC.

Playing

Youth and college
Apostolidis joined PAOK in 1959 making his debut with the first team in 1963. In 1964, he left for studies in the United States. Apostolidis attended University of San Francisco where he played on men's soccer team under coach Stephen Negoesco from 1964 to 1967 and The Greek Americans A.C. in the San Francisco amateur soccer league His senior year, he was selected as a first team All American.

Professional
In 1968, Apostolidis signed with the Vancouver Royals of the North American Soccer League. The Royals folded at the end of the season and Apostolidis moved to the Dallas Tornado. In 1969, he played as a defender, earning first team All NASL recognition. In 1970, he moved to the front line. The move paid off immediately for the Tornado as Apostolidis led the league in scoring, tying with Carlos Metidieri for the points lead. He was selected as a 1970 second team All NASL. In 1971, he won the title and finished fourth in the league in goals, but left the NASL at the end of the season to return to Greece. Apostolidis signed with PAOK Thessaloniki FC of the Greek First Division. In 1980, he returned to Canada to play in the National Soccer League with Toronto Panhellenic.

National team
Apostolidis earned six caps with the Greece national football team between 1972 and 1976. His first game on 16 February 1972 was a defeat to the Netherlands, 5–0. His last on 6 May 1976 was a win over Poland, 1–0. In the latter, he came on for Maik Galakos in the 63rd minute.

Honours

Club
Dallas Tornado
North American Soccer League: 1971

PAOK
Greek League: 1975–76
Greek Cup: 1971–72, 1973–74

Individual
NASL Top Scorer: 1970
NASL All-Star Second Team selection: 1970

References

External links
NASL stats

Living people
1946 births
Footballers from Thessaloniki
Greek men's footballers
Greek expatriate men's footballers
Greece men's international footballers
Super League Greece players
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players
PAOK FC players
Dallas Tornado players
San Francisco Dons men's soccer players
University of San Francisco alumni
Vancouver Royals players
Men's association football forwards
Expatriate men's soccer players in Canada
Greek expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Greek expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Canadian National Soccer League players


Harry Eltringham FRS (18 May 1873, South Shields – 26 November 1941, Stroud) was a British histologist and entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.

Life
He had been awarded a Master of Science (Cantab and Oxon) and a Doctor of Science (Oxon).

He worked at the Hope Department of Entomology. He wrote Histological and Illustrative Methods for Entomologists , The Senses of Insects, London, Methuen (1933) and on Lepidoptera Nymphalidae: Subfamily Acraeinae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 11:1-65 with Karl Jordan (1913) and On specific and mimetic relationships in the genus Heliconius.

Eltringham was the author of a photograph of Edward Bagnall Poulton taken through the compound eye of a glowworm.

He was an elected a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society (President 1931-32)  and in May, 1930 the Royal Society.

References

English lepidopterists
1873 births
1941 deaths
Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society
Fellows of the Royal Society
People from South Shields
Histologists


William A. Libbey III (March 27, 1855 – September 6, 1927) was an American professor of physical geography at Princeton University. He was twice a member of the U.S. Olympic Rifle Team, and rose to the rank of colonel in the New Jersey National Guard. He is also known for his first ascent of Mount Princeton in 1877. He also competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Biography

Early life

He was born in Jersey City, New Jersey to William Libbey, Jr., a wealthy New York City merchant, and Elizabeth Marsh (Libbey).  As an undergraduate at Princeton Libbey was responsible for the adoption of orange and black as the school colors.  During his freshman year he wore a tie, on a dare from classmate Melanchthon Jacobus, with the colors of William III of England, Prince of Orange-Nassau, after whom Nassau Street had been named in 1724, and later Nassau Hall in 1756.  The next year he arranged for the manufacture of 1,000 yards of orange and black ribbon and proceeded to sell it, from the Grand Union Hotel, at an intercollegiate regatta in Saratoga, New York as "Princeton's colors."  After the Princeton crew team won, he sold out and orange and black have been Princeton's definitive colors ever since.

Professor

Libbey graduated from Princeton in 1877 and that summer went on the Princeton scientific expedition to the West.  It was there that on the afternoon of July 17, 1877, at 12:30 pm he reached the summit of Mount Princeton. Following his summer in the West, Libbey studied in Berlin and Paris.

Libbey returned and received his doctorate in geology in 1879, the first awarded by Princeton.  In 1880 he was appointed as director of the Elizabeth Marsh Museum of Geology and Archaeology as well as an associate professor to teach physical geography.  In 1883 he was appointed as a full professor and continued to teach the physical geography classes.

In 1897 Libbey was involved with the controversy concerning whether the Acoma people had once lived on Enchanted Mesa.  After great exertion, he spent a couple of hours on the mesa top and concluded that nothing was there and that it had never been occupied.  Subsequent work by archaeologists have shown that Libbey's conclusion was hasty.

At the 1912 Summer Olympics he won the silver medal as a member of the American team in the team running deer, single shots competition.

Libbey died in Princeton, New Jersey.

References

External links

 "William Libbey and the 1877 Expedition" Princeton Alumni Weekly Princeton University
 "William Libbey Correspondence, 1876-1925" Princeton University profile
 "William Libbey Correspondence" Princeton University listed correspondents

1855 births
1927 deaths
Sportspeople from Jersey City, New Jersey
American mountain climbers
American male sport shooters
Running target shooters
American geographers
American geologists
American archaeologists
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in shooting
Shooters at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Princeton University faculty
Princeton University alumni
Presidents of the National Rifle Association


Oliver Bond (circa 1760–1798) was an Irish merchant and a member of the Leinster directorate of the Society of United Irishmen. He died in prison following the Irish Rebellion of 1798.

Life
Born in St Johnston, County Donegal, in the Kingdom of Ireland around 1760, he was the son of a dissenting minister, and connected with several respectable families. In his early years, he worked as an apprentice haberdasher in Derry before relocating to Dublin.

In the capital, he was in business as a merchant in the woollen trade, and became wealthy. Initially, he was based in Pill Lane (now Chancery Street), before moving to 9 Lower Bridge Street in 1786. In 1791, he married Eleanor 'Lucy' Jackson, daughter of the iron founder Henry Jackson, who like Bond was to become a leading United Irishman.

Bond was an early member in the movement planning for a union in Ireland across religious lines to press for reform of the Irish Parliament and for an accountable government independent of the British Privy Council and cabinet. When, following the Belfast example, the Society of United Irishmen formed in Dublin in November 1791, Bond became a member.

Bond was secretary of the meeting, with the barrister Simon Butler presiding, when in February 1793 the society passed resolutions which, in addition to the call for Catholic Emancipation and parliamentary reform, condemned as unconstitutional the repressive measures of the government, and deplored war against the new French Republic. A result was a summons to appear before the bar of the House of Lords in Dublin where, in consequence of their defiant performance, Bond and Butler were charged and convicted of libel, fined and confined for six months in Newgate Prison.

Despairing of their efforts to secure full emancipation and advance parliamentary reform, and in anticipation of French assistance, the United Irishmen resolved on an insurrection to depose the Crown's Dublin Castle executive and the Protestant Ascendancy Lords and Commons, and to establish Ireland as an independent republic. Bond became a member of the United Irishmen's northern executive committee and of the Leinster directorate, the meetings of which were generally held at his house on Lower Bridge Street.

There, on 19 February 1798, the famous resolution was passed: "We will pay no attention to any measure which the Parliament of this kingdom may adopt, to divert the public mind from the grand object we have in view; as nothing short of the entire and complete regeneration of our country can satisfy us."

Through the treachery of Thomas Reynolds, Bond's house was surrounded by the military on the morning of 12 March 1798, and fourteen members of the Leinster Directory were seized. The insurrection went forward in their absence to defeat in the early summer. Following the suppression of the rebellion, Bond went to trial. The efforts of his defence counsel, John Philpot Curran, to discredit Reynold's testimony were unavailing. On 27 July 1798, Bond was convicted of treason and sentenced to hang.

It was mainly to prevent his execution that Thomas Addis Emmet and other state prisoners entered a compact with the government whereby (without incriminating further individuals) they agreed to testify on the activities of Union Irishmen before a parliamentary committee, and to accept permanent exile. With the endorsement of Lord Cornwallis, the Commander-in-Chief, Ireland, Bond's sentence was commuted. He survived, however, but five weeks, dying in prison of apoplexy on 6 September 1798, aged 36.

Bond was buried in the cemetery of St. Michan's Church, Dublin. The "enlightened republican" principles of Bond were eulogised by his political associate and fellow prisoner, William James MacNeven. Bond's widow Lucy moved with her family from Ireland to the US, and died at Baltimore in 1843.

The Oliver Bond flats in the Liberties area of Dublin are named after him.

References

Attribution

1760 births
1797 deaths
United Irishmen
18th-century Irish businesspeople
Businesspeople from Dublin (city)
People from St Johnston, County Donegal
Burials at St Michan's Church, Dublin


The Glass House Mountains are a cluster of thirteen hills that rise abruptly from the coastal plain on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. The highest hill is Mount Beerwah at 556 metres above sea level, but the most identifiable of all the hills is Mount Tibrogargan which from certain angles bears a resemblance to a gorilla facing east towards the ocean. The Glass House Mountains are located near Beerburrum State Forest and Steve Irwin Way. From Brisbane, the mountains can be reached by following the Bruce Highway north and taking the Glass House Mountains tourist drive turn-off onto Steve Irwin Way. The trip is about one hour from Brisbane. The Volcanic peaks of the Glass House Mountains rise dramatically from the surrounding Sunshine Coast landscape. They were formed by intrusive plugs, remnants of volcanic activity that occurred 26–27 million years ago. Molten rock filled small vents or intruded as bodies beneath the surface and solidified into land rocks. Millions of years of erosion have removed the surrounding exteriors of volcanic cores and softer sandstone rock.

On 17 May 1770, the hills were named the "Glass House Mountains" by explorer Lieutenant James Cook.  The peaks reminded him of the glass furnaces in his home county of Yorkshire. The traditional names of the individual peaks are much older however. Matthew Flinders explored the area and climbed Mount Beerburrum after sailing along Pumicestone Passage in 1799. The Glass House Mountains National Landscape was added to the Australian National Heritage List on 3 August 2006. In the land between the peaks, pineapple and poultry farming, as well as commercial forestry and quarrying are the main land uses.

In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, the Glass House Mountains was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for its role as a "Natural attraction".

Geology
The range was formed as molten lava cooled to form hard rock in the cores of volcanoes 26–27 million years ago.  The source of the lava was from the East Australia hotspot. The cores of the hills contain columns of comendite from lava which cools quickly into a hard rock.  The surrounding softer rocks have been eroded in the subsequent time, forming the spectacular volcanic plugs that remain today. The peaks' location relative to each other exhibits an alignment that is believed to have occurred due to fracturing.  Mt Ngungun consists of subvolcanic rock, also known as a hypabyssal rock, an intrusive rock emplaced at medium-to-shallow depths within the crust and has intermediate grain size, and often porphyritic texture between that of volcanic and plutonic rocks.

Peaks

Each of the peaks is protected within the Glass House Mountains National Park. Some of the peaks display vertical columns, particularly Mount Coonowrin, Mount Ngungun and Mount Beerwah at the Organ Pipes. These columns are the result of lava contraction. Scattered throughout the hills are shallow caves which have been formed by wind erosion on rocks that were softened by groundwater. The peaks are culturally significant to the traditional owners, the Gubbi Gubbi people and the Jinibara people. To the south east of the Glass House Mountains township is an Aboriginal bora ring.  The names of each mountain in the range are:

 Mount Beerburrum, 278 m
 Mount Beerwah, 556 m
 Mount Coochin or The Coochin Hills, 235 m and 230 m
 Mount Coonowrin or Crookneck or Fakebig, 377 m
 Mount Elimbah or The Saddleback, 109 m
 Mount Ngungun, Mount Ngun Ngun said as Gun Gun 253 m
 Mount Tibberoowuccum, 220 m
 Mount Tibrogargan and Cooee, 364 m and 177 m
 Mount Tunbubudla or the Twins, 338 m and 294 m
 Wild Horse Mountain, 123 m
 Mount Miketeebumulgrai: 199 m
 Mount Ninderry 306 m
 Mount Coolum 208 m

Aboriginal cultural knowledge
The Glass House Mountains are located in the traditional lands of the Jinibara and Gubbi Gubbi people. First Nations Australians have an elaborate legend about the mountains. Mt Beerwah in particular has extreme significance to the Jinibara People, with sites used as birthing areas by Indigenous women.

Public access
The mountains are managed by Queensland National Parks and are promoted as a tourist asset.  Historically bushwalking and climbing has been undertaken for more than a century.  However the two largest mountains have been closed by National Parks in recent years.  Firstly, Coonowrin was closed in 1999 as a result of a geological report and the development of an adjacent rock quarry.  Secondly, the walking track used to access Mt Beerwah was closed in 2009 as the result of a rock collapse from the caves area across the main tourist track and was reopened January 2016.  Tibrogargan and Ngungun are open to the public for bushwalking and climbing.

The Beerwah and Tibrogargan mountains are culturally significant and are sacred to the local Jinibara and Kabi Kabi people. Mt Beerwah is considered the mother of the range and is considered so sacred to the Gubi Gubi, that stories about it are not discussed. Both local groups ask visitors not to climb the Beerwah and Tibrogargan mountains out of respect for the mountains' sacred values and have been calling for a ban publicly since the mid-1990s. In the Gubi Gubi tradition, climbing Mt Beerwah brings bad luck.

Flora and fauna
There are many different types of plants including trees, grass, bushes and the occasional shrub. Animals that live there include birds, reptiles, frogs, bats, rats, cats and mammals. The Elf Skink, a small lizard, also populates the area.

See also

 List of mountains in Australia

References

External links

 Photos of Mount Beerwah, Glass House Mountains

Australian National Heritage List


Zdeněk Špinar (4 April 1916 – 14 August 1995) was a Czechoslovak paleontologist and author. He was renowned in the field for popularising vertebrate paleontology. He specialised in the paleontology of amphibians, especially anurans. Many of his studies remain heavily cited. He is also known for a scientific collaboration with painter Zdeněk Burian.

Czechoslovak paleontologists
1916 births
1995 deaths


The Diocese of Cesena-Sarsina () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Emilia Romagna was created on September 30, 1986, after the Diocese of Sarsina was united with the historic Diocese of Cesena as a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia.

The current bishop of Cesena-Sarsina is Douglas Regattieri. He was appointed on October 8, 2010, after Bishop Antonio Lanfranchi was named Metropolitan Archbishop of Modena-Nonantola by Pope Benedict XVI.

History

Cesena was the ancient Cæsena.

The very first catalog of the bishops of Cesena was drawn up by Antonio Casari of Cesena in the middle of the 16th century. The work is lost, but its contents, and a good deal more, were published by Fra Bernardino Manzoni, O.Min., of Cesena, the Inquisitor of Pisa, in his Caesenae chronologia (1643). The claim used to be made that the founder of Christianity in Cesena, and its first bishop, was Philemon, to whom Paul of Tarsus addressed an epistle. Another 1st century bishop, Isidorus, is said to have lived in the time of Pope Anacletus (c.79–c.91) and to have been a martyr; his existence depends on a single document, which no one has seen, and Isidore is therefore generally rejected. A bishop is posited in the second half of the 2nd century, since Pope Eleutherius (c. 174–189) consecrated his cathedral; but until the Edict of Milan, Christianity was an illegal assembly, and was not allowed to own property or build churches; the story is rightly rejected as an "impudent forgery".

After the overthrow of the Ostrogoths it became a part of the Exarchate of Ravenna. By the Donation of Pepin (752), it became a fief of the Holy See, which was confirmed in its possession by King Rudolph I of Germany (1275, 1278).

In medieval times Cesena was governed by various families, among them the Ordelaffi di Forli and the Malatesta, the latter being remembered for their justice and good government.

On 27 May 1357, a major fire destroyed many of the buildings in the episcopal compound.

On 1 February 1377, Cesena was the witness to, and the victim of, an assault by Breton mercenary troops in the service of Pope Gregory XI and the Papacy. The massacre was ordered by Cardinal Robert of Geneva, the papal legate in northern Italy.

In 1500, Cesare Borgia, having resigned the cardinalate and been given the title of "Gonfaloniere of the Holy Roman Church" and Captain General of the papal armies, began the conquest of the Romagna. In late 1500 he seized Pesaro and Rimini, and, on 25 April 1501, Faenza as well. His father Pope Alexander VI awarded him the title of Duke of Romagna, and Cesena became his capital. The Borgia pope, however, died on 18 August 1503, and the new pope, Julius II (della Rovere) was not interested in maintaining a semi-independent duchy in the Romagna. After the surrender of his castles to Pope Julius II, Cesare Borgia, no longer Duke of Romagna, fled Rome, seeking refuge in Naples. Cesena, though loyal to Duke Cesare, with the rest of Romagna again acknowledged the immediate authority of the Holy See (1504).

Chapter and cathedral
A new cathedral was built upon the petition of the Provost and Chapter and the citizens of Cesena, with the permission of Pope Urban VI, and named in honor of S. Giovanni Battista. Construction began in 1408. The cathedral was staffed and administered by a corporation called the Chapter, which consisted of two dignities (not dignitaries), the Provost and the Archdeacon, and fifteen Canons. In addition there was a Theological Prebend and a Penitential Prebend. In the mid-19th century, the Chapter was composed of three dignities (Provost, Archdeacon, Archpriest) and ten Canons.

Synods
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.

Bishop Odoardo Gualandi (1557–1588) presided over two diocesan synods, in 1565 and 1566. His nephew, Bishop Camillo Gualandi (1588 – 11 Feb 1609) held a diocesan synod on 15 October 1590.

Cardinal Jan Kazimierz Denhoff (1687–1697) held a diocesan synod in the cathedral of Cesena from 30 June to 2 July 1693.

On 16–18 June 1777, Bishop Francesco Agoselli (1763–1791) presided at a diocesan synod.

Consolidation of dioceses
The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), in order to ensure that all Catholics received proper spiritual attention, decreed the reorganization of the diocesan structure of Italy and the consolidation of small and struggling dioceses. These considerations applied to Cesena and Sarsina. In 1980, Cesena claimed an estimated Catholic population of 152,000, with 201 priests. Sarsina, in 1980 had only 13,200 Catholics, and 34 priests.

On 18 February 1984, the Vatican and the Italian State signed a new and revised concordat. Based on the revisions, a set of Normae was issued on 15 November 1984, which was accompanied in the next year, on 3 June 1985, by enabling legislation. According to the agreement, the practice of having one bishop govern two separate dioceses at the same time, aeque personaliter, was abolished. Bishop Luigi Amaducci had governed both Cesena and Sarsina since 1977.

Instead, the Vatican continued consultations which had begun under Pope John XXIII for the merging of small dioceses, especially those with personnel and financial problems, into one combined diocese. On 30 September 1986, Pope John Paul II ordered that the dioceses of Cesena and Sarsina be merged into one diocese with one bishop, with the Latin title Dioecesis Caesenatensis-Sarsinatensis   . The seat of the diocese was to be in Cesena, and the cathedral of Cesena was to serve as the cathedral of the merged dioceses. The cathedral in Sarsina was to become a co-cathedral, and the cathedral Chapter was to be a Capitulum Concathedralis. There was to be only one diocesan Tribunal, in Cesena, and likewise one seminary, one College of Consultors, and one Priests' Council. The territory of the new diocese was to include the territory of the former diocese of Sarsina.

Bishops

Diocese of Cesena
Metropolitan: Archdiocese of Ravenna

to 1200

...
Natalis (before 603)
Concordius (attested 603)
...
Maurus (attested 649)
...
Florus (attested 679)
...
Romanus (attested 826)
...
Florus (attested 858–861)
Petrus (attested 877)
...
Maurus (934–946)
Constantius (attested 946)
Gonfredus (attested 955)
...
Duodo (Dodo) (attested 967–973)
...
Sergius (attested 998–1001)
...
Mannatius (Maricianus) (attested 1016–1027)
...
Joannes (attested 1031–1053)
Desiderius (attested 1057)
[Hildebrandus (c. 1065)]
...
Gebizo (attested 1083–1097)
...
Ugo (attested 1106)
...
Benno (attested 1123–1141)
Oddo (attested 1155–1159)
...
Leonardus, O.Cist. (attested 1175, 1179)
Leto (attested 1186)

1200 to 1500

...
Oddo (attested 1207–1223)
Manzinus (attested 1232–1250)
Michael, O.Min.
Franciscus O.P. (attested 1263)
Eberhard of Saxony, O.P (1266–1274)
Aimericus (1274–1290)
Leonardus (1291–1312)
Joannes Caminata (1313–1322)
Gerardus d'Anglars (1323–1324)
Thomas de Muro (1324–1326)
Ambrosius, O.E.S.A. (1326–1332)
Gian Battista Acciaioli (1332–1342)
Bernardus Martellini, O.E.S.A. (1342–1348)
Guilelmus de Mirolis, O.Min. (1348–1358)
Vitalis da Cesena, O.Min. (1358–1362)
Bencevenus (1362–1364)
Lucius de Cagli (1364–1374)
Joannes Bertetus, O.P. (1374–1376)
Ludovicus degli Aloisi (1376–1378?)
Jacobus (attested 1379) (Roman Obedience)
Averardus (attested 1383) (Avignon Obedience?)
Jacobus, O.Carm.
Joannes (attested 1394)
Jacobus (attested 1398)
Gregorio Malesardi (1405–1419)
Victor da Rimini, O.E.S.A. (1419–1425)
Paulus Ferrante (1425–1431)
Augustinus Favorini, O.E.S.A. (1431–1435) Administrator
Antonio Malatesta (1435–1475)
Joannes Venturelli (1475–1486)
Pietro Menzi de Vincentia (11 May 1487 – 1504)

1500 to 1800

Cardinal Fazio Giovanni Santori (1504–1510)
Cristoforo Spiriti (1510 – 5 Nov 1556)
Giovanni Battista Spiriti, Coadjutor
Odoardo Gualandi (Galanti) (7 Dec 1557 – 1588 Resigned)
Camillo Gualandi (30 Mar 1588 – 11 Feb 1609)
Cardinal Michelangelo Tonti (11 Mar 1609 – 21 Apr 1622)
Cardinal Francesco Sacrati (23 May 1622 – 6 Sep 1623)
Lorenzo Campeggi (8 Dec 1623 – 1628)
Pietro Bonaventura (14 Mar 1629 – 23 Jul 1653)
Flaminio Marcellino (21 Apr 1655 – 14 Mar 1677)
Giacomo Fantuzzi (Elefantucci) (30 Aug 1677 – 29 Nov 1679)
Pietro Francesco Orsini de Gravina, O.P. (22 Jan 1680 –1686)
Jan Kazimierz Denhoff (1687–1697 Resigned)
Giovanni Fontana (3 Jun 1697 – 2 Mar 1716)
Marco Battista Battaglini (8 Jun 1716 – 19 Sep 1717)
Francesco Saverio Guicciardi (24 Jan 1718 – 18 Jan 1725)
Giovanni Battista Orsi, C.O. (21 Mar 1725 – 15 Nov 1734 Resigned)
Guido Orselli (17 Nov 1734 – 18 Mar 1763)
Francesco Agoselli (18 Jul 1763 – 8 Jan 1791)
Carlo Bellisomi (22 Sep 1795 –1808)

Since 1800
Francesco Saverio Castiglioni (1816–1821)
Antonio Maria Cadolini, B. (1822–1838)
Innocenzo Castracane degli Antelminelli (1838–1848)
Enrico Orfei (11 Sep 1848 – 23 Mar 1860 Appointed, Archbishop of Ravenna)
Vincenzo Moretti (23 Mar 1860 – 27 Mar 1867 Appointed, Bishop of Imola)
Paolo Bentini (27 Oct 1871 – 30 Nov 1881)
Giovanni Maria Strocchi (27 Mar 1882 – 1887)
Alfonso Maria Vespignani (1 Jun 1888 – 11 Feb 1904)
Giovanni Cazzani (5 Aug 1904 – 19 Dec 1914 Appointed, Bishop of Cremona)
Fabio Berdini (4 Jun 1915 – 24 Jun 1926 Resigned)
Alfonso Archi (4 Mar 1927 – 4 Dec 1938 Died)
Beniamino Socche (4 Feb 1939 – 13 Feb 1946 Appointed, Bishop of Reggio Emilia)
Vincenzo Gili (22 Mar 1946 – 30 Nov 1954)
Giuseppe Amici (1 Feb 1955 – 23 Dec 1956 Appointed, Archbishop of Modena e Nonantola)
Augusto Gianfranceschi (3 Feb 1957 – 28 May 1977 Retired)
Luigi Amaducci (28 May 1977 – 27 Oct 1990 Appointed, Archbishop of Ravenna-Cervia)

Diocese of Cesena-Sarsina
30 September 1986: United with the Diocese of Sarsina to form the Diocese of Cesena-Sarsina

Lino Esterino Garavaglia, O.F.M. Cap. (25 Mar 1991 – 3 Dec 2003 Retired)
Antonio Lanfranchi (3 Dec 2003 – 27 Jan 2010 Appointed, Archbishop of Modena-Nonantola)
Douglas Regattieri (8 Oct 2010 – )

References

Books

Reference works

 pp. 681–683. (in Latin)
 (in Latin)
 (in Latin)
 (in Latin)
 (in Latin)

 (in Latin)

Studies

Coleti, Nicolaus (Niccolò) (1779). Series episcoporum Caesenatium a Ferdinando Ughellio contexta a Nicolao Coleto aliquantulum aucta, et emendata. Nunc a Francisco Antonio Zaccaria ut fieri potuit, restituta, atque ad nostrum tempus perducta. Caesenae: apug Gregorium Blasinium 1779.
 Lanzoni, Francesco (1927). Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604). Faenza: F. Lega, pp. 714–721.
Manzoni, Bernardino (1643), Caesenae chronologia in duas partes divisa : in quarum prima ecclesiae antistites, secunda civitatis domini Pisis [Pisa]: Typis Amatoris Massae & Laurentij de Landis.
Schwartz, Gerhard (1907). Die Besetzung der Bistümer Reichsitaliens unter den sächsischen und salischen Kaisern: mit den Listen der Bischöfe, 951-1122. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner. pp. 175–176.

Cesena
Cesena


The Fermi–Ulam model (FUM) is a dynamical system that was introduced by Polish mathematician Stanislaw Ulam in 1961.

FUM is a variant of Enrico Fermi's primary work on acceleration of cosmic rays, namely Fermi acceleration. The system consists of a particle that collides elastically between a fixed wall and a moving one, each of infinite mass.  The walls represent the magnetic mirrors with which the cosmic particles collide.

A. J. Lichtenberg  and M. A. Lieberman provided a simplified version of FUM (SFUM) that derives from the Poincaré surface of section  and writes

where  is the velocity of the particle after the -th collision with the fixed wall,  is the corresponding phase of the moving wall,   is the velocity law of the moving wall and  is the stochasticity parameter of the system.

If the velocity law of the moving wall is differentiable enough,  according to KAM theorem invariant curves in the phase space  exist. These invariant curves act as barriers that do not allow for a particle to further accelerate and the average velocity of a population of particles saturates after finite iterations of the map. For instance, for sinusoidal velocity law of the moving wall such curves exist, while they do not for sawtooth velocity law that is discontinuous. Consequently, at the first case particles cannot accelerate infinitely, reversely to what happens at the last one.

Over the years FUM became a prototype model for studying non-linear dynamics and coupled mappings.

The rigorous solution of the Fermi-Ulam problem (the velocity and energy of the particle are bounded) was given first by L. D. Pustyl'nikov in  (see also  and references therein).

In spite of these negative results, if one considers the Fermi–Ulam model in the framework of the special theory of relativity, then under some general conditions the energy of the particle tends to infinity for an open set of initial data.

2D generalization

Though the 1D Fermi–Ulam model does not lead to acceleration for smooth oscillations, unbounded energy growth has been observed in 2D billiards with oscillating boundaries,
The growth rate of energy in chaotic billiards is found to be much larger than that in billiards that are integrable in the static limit.

Strongly chaotic billiard with oscillating boundary can serve as a paradigm for driven chaotic systems. In the experimental arena this topic arises in the theory of nuclear friction, and more recently in the studies of cold atoms that are trapped in optical billiards.  The driving induces diffusion in energy, and consequently the absorption coefficient is determined by the Kubo formula.

References

External links
 Regular and Chaotic Dynamics: A widely acknowledged scientific book that treats FUM, written by A. J. Lichtenberg  and M. A. Lieberman (Appl. Math. Sci. vol 38) (New York: Springer).

Dynamical systems


World Ultimate is the first studio album by American hip hop group The Nonce. It was released by American Recordings and Wild West Records on February 28, 1995. "Bus Stops" peaked at number 44 on the Billboard Hot Rap Songs chart.

Critical reception

Glen Sansone of CMJ New Music Monthly stated that "World Ultimate tips its cap to both L.L. Cool J and MC Shan, while joining loose, outgoing B-Boy posturing with old-school beats jacketed in an ethereal coating, as on 'Mix Tapes.'" Steve Huey of AllMusic wrote, "Occasionally, the duo can get a little too relaxed, but on the whole it's an engaging alternative to the standard West Coast gangsta fare." Matt Welty of Complex commented that "MCs Nouka Basetype (who would later go by Sach) and Yusef Afloat came together with their conscious perspectives to rap over jazzy instrumentation about everything from taking the bus to the issues plaguing hip-hop."

In 2012, Fact included the album on the "Most Overlooked Hip-Hop LPs of the 90s" list.

Track listing

Personnel
Credits adapted from liner notes.

The Nonce
 Nouka Basetype – vocals, production, cover concept
 Yusef Afloat – vocals, production, cover concept

Additional personnel
 Aceyalone – additional vocals (3)
 Butta B. – additional vocals (4)
 Meen Green – additional vocals (4)
 Figures of Speech – background vocals (9)
 Sean Freehill – recording
 Tom Coyne – mastering
 Morris "Mo" Taft – executive production, cover concept
 Aldo Sampieri – art direction
 Susan Goines – cover photography
 Dorothy Low – inside folder photography

References

External links

1995 debut albums
The Nonce albums
American Recordings (record label) albums


Motinggo Busye was born in Lampung on November 21, 1937 and died in Jakarta on June 18, 1999. He was a prominent Indonesian writer and former chief editor of Penerbitan Nusantara. In the early half of the 1970s, Motinggo Busye also worked as a film producer. His most famous film is Bing Slamet Dukun Palsu (1973).

List of works
 Malam Jahanam (novel, 1962)
 Badai Sampai Sore (drama, 1962)
 Tidak Menyerah (novel, 1963)
 Hari Ini Tak Ada Cinta (novel, 1963)
 Perempuan Itu Bernama Barabah (novel, 1963)
 Dosa Kita Semua (novel, 1963)
 Tiada Belas Kasihan (novel, 1963)
 Nyonya dan Nyonya (drama, 1963)
 Sejuta Matahari (novel, 1963)
 Nasehat buat Anakku (compilation of short stories, 1963)
 Malam Pengantin di Bukit Kera (drama, 1963)
 Buang Tonjam (legend, 1963)
 Ahim-Ha (legend, 1963)
 Batu Serampok (legend, 1963)
 Penerobosan di Bawah Laut (novel, 1964)
 Titian Dosa di Atasnya (novel, 1964)
 Cross Mama (novel, 1966)
 Tante Maryati (novel, 1967)
 Sri Ayati (novel, 1968)
 Retno Lestari (novel, 1968)
 Dia Musuh Keluarga (novel, 1968)
 Sanu, Infita Kembar (novel, 1985)
 Madu Prahara (novel, 1985)
 Dosa Kita Semua (novel, 1986)
 Aura Para Aulia: Islamic poems (1990)
 Dua Tengkorak Kepala (1999)

1937 births
1999 deaths
Minangkabau people
Indonesian writers


Emanuele Terranova (born 14 April 1987) is an Italian footballer who plays as a defender for  club Benevento.

Career
Terranova started his career playing with a number of local amateur teams, including Eccellenza side Campobello, then joining the Palermo youth system in 2005 and playing with the Primavera under-20 squad with the rosanero.

He successively spent the entire 2007–08 season on loan to Vicenza of Serie B, being also often featured as a regular. He played the 2008–09 season again out on loan, this time to Livorno, being part of the Tuscans' successful campaign that led them back to Serie A after only one season. Livorno decided not to make an offer for a permanent deal, so Terranova returned to Palermo, and joined Walter Zenga's first team squad.

On 19 August 2009, Terranova was loaned out to Serie B outfit Lecce, with an option for the giallorossi from Apulia to buy half of the player's transfer rights at the end of the season, which the club did not use. In July 2010, Terranova went out on loan again, this time to Frosinone.

On 1 July 2011, Serie B club Sassuolo announced that they had completed the permanent signing of Terranova from Palermo.

On 17 August 2018, Terranova signed with Cremonese. On 30 August 2021, he was loaned to Bari, with an obligation to buy in case of Bari's promotion to Serie B.

On 31 January 2023, Terranova moved to Reggina on a year-and-a-half-long contract.

On 8 September 2023, Terranova signed a one-season contract with Benevento.

Career statistics

Honours
Lecce
 Serie B: 2009–10

Sassuolo
 Serie B: 2012–13

Bari
 Serie C: 2021–22 (Group C)

References

External links
 Gazzetta dello Sport profile
 AIC.Football.it profile

1987 births
Living people
People from Mazara del Vallo
Sportspeople from the Province of Trapani
Footballers from Sicily
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Serie A players
Serie B players
Serie C players
Palermo FC players
LR Vicenza players
US Livorno 1915 players
US Lecce players
Frosinone Calcio players
US Sassuolo Calcio players
US Cremonese players
SSC Bari players
LFA Reggio Calabria players
Benevento Calcio players


Yossef (Joseph) Cedar (Hebrew: יוסף סידר; born August 31, 1968) is an Israeli film director and screenwriter.

Biography
Cedar was born to an Orthodox Jewish family in New York City. His father is biochemist Howard Cedar. When Joseph was 6, his family moved to Israel, and he grew up in the Bayit VeGan neighborhood in Jerusalem. He studied in a Yeshiva High School. In the Israeli army he served as a paratrooper. After graduating in philosophy and history of theatre from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, he studied cinema studies at New York University.

Film career
When he returned to Israel, he started working on the screenplay for his debut film, Time of Favor (2000), for which he moved and lived for two years in the Israeli settlement Dolev. The film won six Ophir Awards, including Best Picture.

His second film was Campfire (2004), which won five Ophir Awards including Best Picture, with two, Best Director and Best Screenplay, going to Cedar. For Beaufort (2007), his third film, he received the Silver Bear award for Best Director in the Berlin International Film Festival. Beaufort received an Academy Award nomination for Best Foreign Language Film, the first such nomination for an Israeli film in 24 years. It received four Ophir Awards and was based on Cedar's own experiences during his army service on Israel's border with Lebanon.

His film Footnote premiered In Competition at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival. The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

Cedar is an Orthodox Jew. His films are known to touch delicate issues of Israeli society. Israeli critic Yair Rave wrote, "One of the reasons I like Cedar's films so much is... his ability to merge the Israeli spirit... with the universal cinematic codes."

Awards and recognition
He has won a Silver Bear and an Ophir Award for Best Director, and an Ophir Award for writing a Best Screenplay. He also won the best screenplay award at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival for his film Footnote (2011).

Filmography
Time of Favor (2000)
Campfire (2004)
Beaufort (2007)
Footnote (2011)
Norman (2016)

Television
Our Boys (2019)-producer and director.

References

External links

 Joseph Cedar is in the Oscar running, Los Angeles Times interview

1968 births
Israeli Orthodox Jews
Israeli film directors
Israeli male screenwriters
Mass media people from Jerusalem
American Orthodox Jews
Living people
Silver Bear for Best Director recipients
American emigrants to Israel
Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Screenplay winners


Adolf Kraus (February 26, 1850 – October 22, 1928) was an American lawyer, political figure, and Jewish leader.

Biography
At the age of 15 he left the Bohemian town of Rokycany where he had grown up and emigrated to the United States. He worked on a farm and in a factory, later settling in Chicago where he completed his law studies before becoming a lawyer. He is one of the founding partner in the law firm of Kraus and Mayer which is one of the legacy firms that later formed Mayer Brown.

In 1897 he was the second president of the civil service commission. He also became a grand officer of B'nai B'rith (president of Isaiah Temple in Chicago) and a prominent executive of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (nowadays the Union for Reform Judaism).

In both the 1891 and 1893 Chicago mayoral elections, Kraus served as the campaign manager for Carter Harrison Sr.

From 1883 to 1884 and, again, from 1885 to 1886, Kraus served as president of the Chicago Board of Education.

Kraus had close contacts to American presidents William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson. In his position he also helped Czech and Jewish immigrants to the USA. In 1930 a commemorative plaque of Adolf Kraus was unveiled in the town of Rokycany, on the house where he spent his childhood. However, in the 1940s, during the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany, the plaque was pulled down.

The house (No.147 in Havlíčkova ulice Street) was demolished in the 1980s.

Notes

Sources
 Adolf Kraus Sends Good Wishes to President Harding, New York Times 1921 article

External links

1850 births
1928 deaths
People from Blovice
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States
American people of Czech-Jewish descent
Naturalized citizens of the United States
19th-century American lawyers
Presidents of the Chicago Board of Education


Santa Anna was a Spanish brig that a British privateer captured in 1806. Her new owners then employed Santa Anna as a whaler. She wrecked in the Straits of Timor in 1811.

Capture
On 18 June 1806 the British privateer Port au Princes boats entered San Blas Bay (possibly San Blas, Nayarit), and captured Santa Anna. Santa Anna was a "corbetta" under the command of Captain Francisco Puertas and carrying a cargo of pitch, tar, and cedar boards to Guayaquil. The next day Captain Isaac Duck of Port au Prince sent 20 of his Spanish prisoners ashore in his longboat. Two Spaniards and two negro slaves joined Port au Prince. The slaves belonged to Santa Annas owner; legally Duck should have sent them ashore too, but they pleaded not to go have to go ashore and Duck yielded to their pleas. Duck then put Mr. Charles Maclaren in command of Santa Anna and gave him a crew of 12 men, plus a Spaniard, to navigate her to Port Jackson.

Subsequent career
Santa Anna arrived at Port Jackson on 24 October 1806. There the Vice admiralty court condemned her and Maclaren sold her for £3200. A list of ship arrivals and departures gives the cargo of the "Santa Anna prize" as "sugar, etc." The last of her cargo was sold on 8 December 1806 and it included a "bale of chillies".

Lord, Kable, & Underwood purchased her for use as a whaler. She left Port Jackson on 14 July 1807, under the command of Captain William Moody, and with a crew of 20 men. She was bound for the New Zealand seal fisheries and then London. At the Bay of Islands Moody picked up Ruatara (or Duaterra), a Maori chief who wanted to travel to London to meet King George. Santa Anna then sailed to the Bounty Islands, where she left a "gang" for what would be 10 months. The men left included Ruatara, another Maori, two Tahitians, and ten British sailors. Santa Anna then sailed to Norfolk Island and Sydney.

Santa Anna reached Sydney from Norfolk Island on 6 June 1808, and left for the Bounty Islands on 15 October. There she picked up 8000 sealskins and the 11 survivors of the shore party that she had left. She had left the shore party with short rations, and despite reports that a resupply vessel had been sent, the shore party did not get resupplied until the whaler King George arrived a few weeks before Santa Anna returned.

Santa Anna reached Deal on 13 July 1809. Ruatara did not get to see King George. Moody refused to pay him back wages and clothing, but offered to send him back via , which the government had hired to take some 200 prisoners to New South Wales. Captain Charles Clarke, of Ann refused to take Ruatara on board without seaman's clothing, which the Reverend Samuel Marsden, who was returning to Australia on her, purchased for him. Ann left Portsmouth shortly after 25 August, with Marsden taking the opportunity of the voyage to learn Maori and to teach Ruatara more English. Ann arrived in Sydney on 17 or 27 February 1810. After more misadventures Ruatara eventually reached home in 1812 or so. There he reciprocated Marsden's kindness and friendship by facilitating the Reverend's mission to the Maori.

Santa Anna first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1810 with William Dagg, master and owner. Her trade was London–South Seas.

In 1810 William Dagg acquired Santa Anna; between 1803 and 1806 he had been captain of the whaler Scorpion. Santa Anna was on the Protection List in 1810, and on 23 May 1810 Dagg sailed her for the South Sea Whale Fishery.  Santa Anna arrived at Sydney on 5 February 1811 and left for the seal fishery on 10 April. At the time of sailing she was carrying 45 tons of sperm whale oil, but wished to complete her cargo.

Loss
On the way back to England she was wrecked in the Straits of Timor. On 21 February 1812 Lloyd's List reported that Santa Anna, Dagg, master, had been lost on the coast of New Holland, but that all the crew had been saved. Henderson, based on an account by a surviving crew member, gives the date of loss as 11 August, and the location as north of New Guinea.

Misattribution
Some have hypothesized that Santa Anna is the Mahogany Ship of Warrnambool. However, this is incorrect as Santa Anna was wrecked north of Australia in 1812. All the ship's crew were saved.

Notes

Citations

References

 Loney, Jack (undated pamphlet, c.1975) The Mahogany Ship. Marine History Publications, Geelong. National Library of Australia Card 0 909244030

Maritime history of Australia
Shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean
History of New South Wales
Sailing ships
Individual sailing vessels
Maritime incidents in 1811
Captured ships
Whaling ships
Ships sunk with no fatalities


() is a 1994 Indian Hindi-language action comedy film directed by David Dhawan, starring Anil Kapoor, Juhi Chawla, Karishma Kapoor and Kader Khan. Other cast members include Raj Babbar, Shakti Kapoor, Satish Kaushik, Ishrat Ali, Mahesh Anand, Vikas Anand and Tej Sapru. It is a remake of Tamil film Sundara Kandam (1992), starring K. Bhagyaraj and Bhanupriya. The film was the 13th highest grossing Bollywood film of 1994.

Plot

Ajay (Anil Kapoor), an intelligent alumnus of the S. T. School, is appointed in the same school as a teacher. Jaya (Karisma Kapoor), who studies in his class, harasses him by playing mischievous pranks. Ajay's refusal to enter into a romantic relationship with Jaya upsets her. She challenges him that she will one day become his wife. In a haste, he marries Saraswati (Juhi Chawla), an illiterate orphan girl. Jaya befriends Saraswati by teaching her everything from cooking to reading and writing. One day, some terrorists attack the school and take the students as hostages. Ajay & Jaya are also trapped. In this situation, Jaya is willing to give her life to save Ajay, and Saraswati reveals that she knows about Jaya's love for Ajay and asks Ajay to marry her on the spot by putting a mangalsutra around her neck. Jaya refuses saying that she will come back in their lives again, this time as Ajay's and Saraswati's daughter.

Cast

 Anil Kapoor as Ajay Kumar Saxena
 Juhi Chawla as Saraswati Saxena
 Karisma Kapoor as Jaya
 Raj Babbar as Captain
 Mahesh Anand as Chote, terrorist
 Tej Sapru as Bhola, terrorist
 Govind Namdev as terrorist
 Vishwajeet Pradhan as terrorist
 Kader Khan as Principal
 Shakti Kapoor as Shagun
 Kunika as Shobha Teacher
 Satish Kaushik as Panipuri Sharma
 Dina Pathak as Dadi in Photo Frame
 Himani Shivpuri as Panipuri's wife
 Ishrat Ali as an Indian Army Officer
 Vikas Anand as Army Officer and father of Jaya
 Harish Patel as Minister
 Subbiraj as Col. Anand Viraj. (Uncredited Role) (Killed at beginning of Movie)
 Deven Bhojani as Ajay, Student
 Vinay Sapru as Govind, Student
 Javed Hyder as Chunky Pandey, Student

Soundtrack
The music is scored by Bappi Lahiri, with lyrics by Indeevar and notable singers Kumar Sanu, Abhijeet Bhattacharya, Udit Narayan, Kavita Krishnamurthy, Alka Yagnik, Vinod Rathod, Sadhana Sargam and Sudesh Bhosle.

References

External links

1994 films
1990s Hindi-language films
Films directed by David Dhawan
Films scored by Bappi Lahiri
Hindi remakes of Tamil films


is a railway station of the Chūō Main Line, East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Wakamiya 1-chōme, in the city of Nirasaki, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.

Lines
Nirasaki Station is served by the Chūō Main Line, and is 147.0 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Tokyo Station.

Station layout
The station consists of a single island platform connected to the two-story station building by a footbridge. The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office.

Platforms

History
Nirasaki Station was opened on 15 December 1903 on the Japanese Government Railways (JGR) Chūō Main Line when the line was extended from Kōfu. The track was further extended from this station to Fujimi on 21 December 1904. The JGR became the JNR (Japanese National Railways) after the end of World War II.  With the dissolution and privatization of the JNR on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of the East Japan Railway Company. Automated turnstiles using the Suica IC Card system came into operation from October 16, 2004.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2010, the station was used by an average of 2,682 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
ef>

Surrounding area
Nirasaka City Hall
Nirasaka Elementary School
Nirasaka High School

See also
 List of railway stations in Japan

References

 Miyoshi Kozo. Chuo-sen Machi to eki Hyaku-niju nen. JT Publishing (2009)

External links

JR East Nirasaki Station

Railway stations in Yamanashi Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1903
Chūō Main Line
Stations of East Japan Railway Company
Nirasaki, Yamanashi


The 2008 TeleChoice Premier League season was the eighth season of the revamped NSW Premier League. This season also marked the promotion of two new teams, in the West Sydney Berries and the Macarthur Rams from the Super League (one division lower). This increased the teams competing in the competition from 10 to 12 teams and the number of rounds from 18 to 22 in the regular season.

The 2008 season officially began on 22 February and concluded with the grand final between Wollongong FC and the Sutherland Sharks on 7 September.

Before the start of the season, all the 2008 teams competed in the Johnny Warren Cup, the official pre-season tournament. On 16 February, Sydney Olympic defeated the Sutherland Sharks 2 goals to 1 at Seymour Shaw Park to win the Johnny Warren Cup.

Throughout the season many Premier League, Super League, Division One and Division Two teams competed in an FA Cup-style knockout competition in which the Bankstown City Lions and Sydney Olympic contested the grand final with Bankstown prevailing 3–1 winners.

Changes from Previous Season
The number of teams competing increased from 10 to 12, with the inclusion of the West Sydney Berries and the Macarthur Rams. The regular season remained a home-away round-robin format, thus increasing the number of rounds from 18 to 22. The final series was therefore also adapted. The number of teams competing in the finals series increased from 4 to 5. The finals series used a 5-team McIntyre system to determine the champions.

Clubs
Teams promoted from Super League:
(After the end of the 2007 season.)
West Sydney Berries
Macarthur Rams

Teams relegated to Super League:
(After the end of the 2007 season.)
Nil

Regular season

League table

Results

Finals series

Qualifying Finals

Semi-finals

Preliminary final

Grand final

Gold Medal Dinner
At the end of the season, Football NSW hosted the Gold Medal Dinner, where players, coaches and referees were awarded for their work throughout the Premier League season.

All-Stars Team

Based on a points system in which all match reporters took part in during the course of the 22 rounds, eleven players were selected in various positions highlighting their performances for season 2008.

Goalkeeper: Matthew Nash (A.P.I.A. Leichhardt Tigers)

Defence: Emmanuel Zunino (Sydney Olympic), Pedj Bojić (Sutherland Sharks), Danial Cummins (Wollongong FC), Shane Webb (Bankstown City Lions)

Midfield: Nahuel Arrarte (Marconi Stallions), Robbie Cattanach (Manly United), Brendan Gan (Sutherland Sharks), Christopher Boyle (Sydney United)

Attack: Robert Younis (A.P.I.A. Leichhardt Tigers), Brad Boardman (Sutherland Sharks)

Coach:  Brian "Bomber" Brown

See also
NSW Premier League
Football NSW

References

External links
NSW Premier League Official website

Nsw Premier League Season, 2008
New South Wales Premier League seasons
Nsw Premier League Season, 2008
Premier


Auckland Cup Week is one of New Zealand's major annual thoroughbred racing carnivals and is the country's richest offering stakes in excess of NZ$2.2 million.  Held in Auckland in early March, the carnival comprises two days of racing and entertainment at Ellerslie Racecourse - Vodafone Derby Day and Barfoot & Thompson Auckland Cup Day.

The carnival was first run in 2006.

Auckland Cup Week's feature races are:

Vodafone Derby Day (the first Saturday of the carnival):

 Group 1 $1,000,000 Vodafone New Zealand Derby for 3 year old thoroughbreds
 Group III $100,000 Haunui Farm Kings Plate
 Group III $70,000 McKee Family Sunline Vase
 Listed $60,000 Mufhasa FastTrack Stakes

Barfoot & Thompson Auckland Cup Day (second Saturday of the carnival):

 Group I $500,000 Barfoot & Thompson Auckland Cup
 Group I $200,000 Bonecrusher New Zealand Stakes
 Group I $200,000 Sistema Stakes (1200m)

In addition, Auckland Cup Week plays host to additional off-track entertainment including New Zealand's national fashions in the field final, The Ned Prix de Fashion, which will see its winner take home not only the national title, but a trip to Australia to compete in Victoria Racing Club's MYER Fashions on the Field competition as part of the Melbourne Cup Carnival.

The dates for Auckland Cup Week 2021 are Saturday 6 March (Vodafone Derby Day) and Saturday 13 March (Barfoot & Thompson Auckland Cup Day).

See also

 Thoroughbred racing in New Zealand

References

Horse racing in New Zealand
Horse racing meetings
Events in Auckland


In Greek mythology,  Zakynthos or Zacynthus (Ancient Greek: Ζάκυνθος) was a Psophidian who became the founder of a colony in the island of Zacynthus, which derived its name from him. The name, like all similar names ending in , is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.

Mythology
Zacynthus was the son of the legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus by his wife Bateia, daughter of Teucer. He was the brother of Erichthonius and probably, Ilus and Idaea. Zacynthus was the first man to sail across the island opposite the coast of Elis and became its first settler which was afterwards called Zakynthos after him.

Zakynthos is depicted on the flag of Zakynthos.

Notes

References

 Dionysus of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities. English translation by Earnest Cary in the Loeb Classical Library, 7 volumes. Harvard University Press, 1937-1950. Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersunt, Vol I-IV. . Karl Jacoby. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1885. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
 Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.  Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
 Stephanus of Byzantium, Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorum quae supersunt, edited by August Meineike (1790-1870), published 1849. A few entries from this important ancient handbook of place names have been translated by Brady Kiesling. Online version at the Topos Text Project.

Arcadian characters in Greek mythology
Arcadian mythology


Tulis Sutan Sati (1898 in Fort de Kock, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies – 1942) was one of Indonesian prominent writers of the Balai Pustaka Generation.

List of Novels
 Tak Disangka (1923)
 Sengsara Membawa Nikmat (1928)
 Syair Rosina (1933)
 Tjerita Si Umbut Muda (1935)
 Tidak Membalas Guna
 Memutuskan Pertalian (1978)
 Sabai Nan Aluih: story of Minangkabau heritage (1954)

See also
 Indonesian literature

1898 births
1942 deaths
Minangkabau people
Indonesian writers


Climate action (or climate change action) refers to a range of activities, mechanisms, policy instruments and so forth that aim to reduce the severity of human induced climate change and its impacts. "More climate action" is a central demand of the climate movement. Climate inaction is the absence of climate action. Examples for climate action include:

Challenge of climate change mitigation and the need for adaptation.

We use the term Adaptation to refer to business efforts and strategies that aim to achieve a better fit with a changed external environment. Adaptation to climate change is defined by the International Panel on Climate Change as:

Adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.

Given that adaptation has just recently been embraced, examples of it tend to be limited to infrastructure and technological efforts adopted by vulnerable companies like ski resorts that produce artificial snow. However, business adaptation to climate change can include a wide variety of strategies such as: diversification at the product, service and geographic levels, mergers and acquisitions of competitor com- panies, government lobbying for friendlier adaptation restrictions and incentives, and purchasing of insurance and other financial hedging instruments.
 Business action on climate change
 Climate change adaptation
 Climate change mitigation
 Climate finance
 Climate movement – actions by non-governmental organizations
 Individual action on climate change
 Politics of climate change

See also
 Effects of climate change

References

Climate change
Global environmental issues
Human impact on the environment


is a railway station of the Chūō Main Line, East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in the Isawa-Matsumoto neighborhood of the city of Fuefuki, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. It is also a freight terminal for the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Lines
Isawa-Onsen Station is served by the Chūō Main Line, and is 127.8 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Tokyo Station.

Station layout
The station consists of two ground level opposed side platforms serving two tracks, with the station building located above the platforms. The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office.

Platforms

History
Isawa-onsen Station was opened on 11 June 1903 as  on the Japanese Government Railways (JGR). The JGR became the JNR (Japanese National Railways) after the end of World War II. Scheduled freight services were discontinued from March 1985. With the dissolution and privatization of the JNR on April 1, 1987, the station came under the joint control of the East Japan Railway Company and the Japan Freight Railway Company. The station was named to its present name on April 1, 1993.  Automated turnstiles using the Suica IC Card system came into operation from October 16, 2004.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2017, the station was used by an average of 2,961 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

Surrounding area
 former Kasugai town hall
 Kasugai Elementary School

Surroundings
 Isawa Onsen

 Fuefuki City Hall
 WINS Isawa (Off course betting facilities of JRA)

Gallery

See also
 List of railway stations in Japan

References

 Miyoshi Kozo. Chuo-sen Machi to eki Hyaku-niju nen. JT Publishing (2009)

External links
JR East Isawa-onsen Station

Railway stations in Yamanashi Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1903
Chūō Main Line
Stations of East Japan Railway Company
Stations of Japan Freight Railway Company
Fuefuki, Yamanashi


Mesenteric plexus may refer to:
Superior mesenteric plexus
Intermesenteric plexus
Inferior mesenteric plexus


Campbell Douglas Deane (c.1910 Belfast -June 1992) O.B.E., M.Sc., F.L.S. was an Irish ornithologist.
His father Arthur Deane M.R.I A., F.R.S.E, a botanist, was curator of the then Belfast Museum and Art Gallery from 1905-1942. C.D. Deane, known as Jimmy, was educated at Methodist College Belfast (1925-1931 ). He joined the museum in 1932, was promoted to Keeper of Natural History in 1950 and was from 1957 Deputy Director and the Keeper of Natural Science in the, by then, Ulster Museum. He served in the Royal Air Force in Peterborough and in the Royal Flying Corps Canada during the Second World War.

He was a member of various Government committees and other organisations relating to nature conservation. He wrote regular popular nature articles in the Irish Times, Belfast Telegraph and the Belfast News Letter (Deane, 1983). and contributed  photographs to Animal and Zoo Magazine published by the Zoological Society of London in the  1930s.He specialised in the birds and mammals of Ireland, and was a member of the Ulster Society for the Protection of Birds (later incorporated into the  RSPB) and had a keen interest in the  history of naturalists in Ireland notably John Templeton and William Thompson.For most of his life he was, amongst other things, a dedicated wildlife photographer and film maker. He received an honorary degree of Master of Science from the Queen's University of Belfast  in 1974.In 1975 he was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society and was presented with an O.B.E. on Her Majesty's 1977 visit to Northern Ireland and retired in the same year.<ref name=Nesbitt79>Nesbitt, N. (1979). A Museum in Belfast. Ulster Museum. Publication No. 233</ref>

Publications
partial list

Deane,C.Douglas. 1951. Hare breeding beneath a hut. Ir. Nat. J. 10: 197.
Deane,C.Douglas. 1952. The "black" rat in the north of Ireland. Ir. Nat. J. 10: 296 - 298.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1952. Pine martens in Counties Tyrone and Down. Ir. Nat. J. 10: 303.
 Deane, C.Douglas. 1955. Note on myxomatosis in hares. Bulletin of the Mammal Society of the British Isles. 3: 20.
 Deane, C.Douglas. 1955. Myxo empties the burrows - but what next: Belfast Telegraph 5 April.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1962. Life of the wild. Belfast Telegraph, 19 September.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1962b. Irish Golden Eagles and a link with Scotland. Br. Birds, 55: 272–274.
 Deane,C.Douglas.  1964. The outdoor world. An Irish naturalist. The Irish Times 6 February: 10.
 Deane, C.Douglas. 1964. Introduced mammals in Ireland. Bulletin of the Mammal Society of the British Isles. 21: 2.
Deane,C.Douglas with 1969-1976 Nash. R. Ulster Museum Information Sheets :-Birds of Ireland; Bird habitats in Ireland; Terns and Gulls; The Eider, Mammals of Ireland; Lough Erne; Strangford Lough, William Thompson;  etc (over 50 some cyclostyled).
 Deane, C.Douglas. 1971. Mammals of Strangford Lough. In Anon (Editor) Strangford Lough. 22 - 23. National Trust. Belfast.
 Deane,C.Douglas. Northern Ireland and its birds. in  Ruttledge, R.F. 1966. Ireland's Birds. H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1973. Still no respite for the badger. News Letter (Belfast). 4 December.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1974. Mystery of the mice and an island. News Letter. (Belfast). 24 August.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1974. A rare type of man - and his friend. Belfast News Letter 12 August.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1974. Airport hares have taken flight. Belfast News Letter. 19 October.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1974. On the wild kingdom of Great Saltee. Belfast News Letter 7 December.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1975. Upside-down world of the hairy armed bat. Belfast News Letter. 8 February.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1976. Let's be fair to the hare. Belfast News Letter. 20 March.
 Deane,C.Douglas. 1983. The Ulster Countryside. Century Books. Belfast.
 Deane,C.Douglas and O'Gorman, F. 1969. The spread of feral mink in Ireland. Ir. Nat. J., 16: 198–202.
See Irish natural history literature online for full list of science publications.

Published photos and film
in Edward Allworthy Armstrong Bird Display: An Introduction to the Study of Bird Psychology
Film footage by Deane was used in the RSPB film Birds of the Grey Wind'' narrated by Denys Hawthorne (1970)

References

Biologists from Northern Ireland
Irish ornithologists
Officers of the Order of the British Empire


Slony-I is an asynchronous master-slave replication system for the PostgreSQL DBMS, providing support for cascading and failover. Asynchronous means that when a database transaction has been committed to the master server, it is not yet guaranteed to be available in slaves. Cascading means that replicas can be created (and updated) via other replicas, i.e. they needn't directly connect to the master.

Terminology
The name "slony" comes from the Russian word "слоны" which means "elephants". This is a reference to the PostgreSQL elephant logo, as well as being a "tip of the hat" to Vadim Mikheev, who came up with some of the core ideas Slony-I uses to work.  Note that there is a whole set of related terminology:

 slony
 is the plural word for elephants, and indicates that a cluster consists of multiple databases
 slon
 is the singular word for elephant; each replication node is managed by a program named "slon", which aggregate together into the aforementioned "cluster of elephants"
 slonik
 is the word for a "little elephant," and is the name of the program used to configure the cluster.  In effect, the "little elephant" tells the cluster, "here's what you need to do!"

Unique features
Unlike many other replication solutions for PostgreSQL, Slony-I is not tied to any particular version of the database, which makes it possible to upgrade a database cluster one node at a time, without material downtime. (Version 2.0.0 requires PostgreSQL 8.3+, though)

See also
 PostgreSQL
 Replication (computer science)

References

External links
 Slony-I official website
 Slony tutorial: How to Setup Slony-I Replication with Postgres Plus

Data synchronization
PostgreSQL


Osek () is a municipality and village in Rokycany District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The village of Vitinka is an administrative part of Osek.

Geography
Osek is located about  north of Rokycany and  east of Plzeň. The built-up area stretches in north-south direction along the road from Rokycany to Břasy. The western part of the municipality, formed by the built-up area and an agricultural landscape, lies in the Švihov Highlands. The eastern part formed by forests lies in the Křivoklát Highlands. The highest point is at  above sea level. In the village of Osek, the hill of Kamýk at  rises.

The Osecký Stream flows through the village. There are several ponds in the municipality; the set of ponds Karásek, Labutinka, Lukotovský and Nový is supplied by the Osecký Stream.

History
The first written mention of Osek is from 1240, in a deed issued by the King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia to the monastery of Plasy, where a man by name of Budivoj of Osek is referred to. The monastery in Plasy was founder of Osek. The village was dominated by small Gothic fort, rebuilt into a Renaissance castle in the second half of the 16th century.

In following centuries Osek was owned by several aristocratic families. Beside farming, the village specialized in iron ore mining and iron production. This local industry utilized energy from the system of ponds in Osek's proximity and charcoal from nearby forests. Iron ore mining continued until 1850. In the 19th and 20th centuries Osek remained mostly agricultural community.

The village of Vitinka was founded around 1697. It used to be traditionally a part of Osek. In 1924 an independent municipality of Vitinka was created, however in 1980 Vitinka merged with Osek again.

Demographics

Sights

The main landmark of Osek is the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. Its Gothic presbytary dates from the mid-14th century. The nave was built in the Baroque style in 1707 by the architect Jakub Auguston.

There are the ruins of an aristocratic summer house on the top of Kamýk hill. It was built in 1750 and desolated in 1839. A Jewish cemetery is located next to the ruins.

Notable people
Rudolf Wels (1882–1944), architect

References

External links

Villages in Rokycany District


The Intermesenteric plexus is a nerve plexus on the abdominal aorta, between the exits of the superior and inferior mesenteric artery.

The lumbar splanchnic nerves terminate here, among other places.

References

Nerve plexus


The Diocese of Conversano-Monopoli () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church  in Apulia. It has existed since 1986, when the diocese of Monopoli was united with the historic diocese of Conversano. The diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Bari-Bitonto.

History

Conversano is the ancient Cupersanum. After the invasion of the Normans, it was for a while the seat of a duchy; later, however, it became a fief of the dukes of Atri.

Local tradition preserves the name of a bishop, Simplicius, who attended the Roman synod of 487 and died in 492, but he belongs to legend, not history. Ferdinando Ughelli prints the narrative of Francesco Giuliano of Conversano concerning Simplicius, but states that it seems to him to be highly suspect, and maybe deliberately invented falsehoods or corrupt, since there are some things found in it which cannot be true.

The first alleged bishop of Conversano was Hilarius, present at the Roman synod of 501. His name however is a false reading of the acts of the synod; he actually belonged to Tempsa in the Abruzzi, not to Conversano in Apulia.

No other names are recorded up to the episcopate of Leo, mentioned in a document of 1088.

In 1670 (and 1744) the Chapter of the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Body of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven was composed of four dignities (the Archdeacon, the Archpriest, the Cantor and the Primicerius) and twenty-six Canons.  In the city of approximately 7,000 inhabitants (1744) there were five religious houses for men and three monasteries for men.

Bishops

Diocese of Conversano

to 1400
...
 Leo (attested 1088)
...
Cafisius (attested 1179, 1180)
Guilelmus (attested 1188 – April 1202)
Ignotus (attested 1207)
Concilius (attested April 1212 – 9 October 1231)
 Stefano, O.Cist. (attested 1267 – 1274)
...
 Giovanni de Gropi (c. 1283)
...
 Guillelmus (attested 1318, 1321)
 Petrus Baccari (attested 1335, 1342)
 Stefano (7 January 1351 – 1355?)
 Petrus de Ytro (19 February 1356 – )
 Guilelmus (Avignon Obedience)
 Angelo de Cupersano, O.Min. (12 July 1393 – ) (Avignon Obedience)
 Amicus (Antonius) (Roman Obedience)
 Jacobus ( – 22 December 1399) (Roman Obedience)

1400 to 1600

 Franciscus
Stefano de Alfano (9 March 1403 – 1423)
Antonio Guidotti (9 Sep 1423 – 1432 Died)
Marino Orsini (4 November 1432 – 29 April 1437) (Administrator)
Andrea Veroli (29 Apr 1437 – 25 Sep 1439)
 Donato Bottini, O.E.S.A. (9 October 1439 – 4 September 1448)
Pietro de Miggola, O.M. (4 September 1448 – 1464)
Paolo de Torcoli (30 November 1465 – d. 1482)
Sulpicio Acquaviva d'Aragona (17 Feb 1483 – 1494 Died)
Vincenzo Pistacchio (1494 – 3 Nov 1499 Appointed, Bishop of Bitetto)
Donato Acquaviva d'Aragona (1499 – 1528 Died)
Antonio Sanseverino, O.S.Io.Hieros. (28 Jul 1529 – 11 Feb 1534 Resigned)
Giacomo Antonio Carrozza (1534 – 1560 Died)
Giovanni Francesco Lottini (1560 – 1561 Resigned)
Romolo de Valentibus (1561 – 1579 Died)
Francesco Maria Sforza (1579 – 1605 Died)

1600 to 1800

Pietro Capullio, O.F.M. Conv. (31 Aug 1605 – 24 Jun 1625 Died)
Vincenzo Martinelli (bishop), O.P. (18 Aug 1625 – 20 Sep 1632)
Antonio Brunachio (24 Nov 1632 – 1 Jan 1638 Died)
Agostino Ferentillo (19 Apr 1638 – 7 Sep 1641 Died)
Pietro Paolo Bonsi (26 May 1642 – 1658 Died)
Giuseppe Palermo (8 Dec 1658 – 1 Sep 1670)
 Giovanni Stefano Sanarica (Senarega), O.S.B. (23 Feb 1671 – 16 Jun 1679 Died)
Andrea Brancaccio, C.R. (13 Jan 1681 – 18 Apr 1701)
Filippo Meda (23 Jan 1702 – 18 Jul 1733 Died)
Giovanni Macario Valenti (28 Sep 1733 – 10 Apr 1744 Died)
Filippo Felice del Prete (13 Apr 1744 – 22 Dec 1751 Died)
Michele di Tarsia, C.P.O. (24 Jan 1752 – 7 May 1772 Died)
Fabio Maria Palumbo, C.R. (7 Sep 1772 – 18 Mar 1786 Died)
Nicola Vecchi (27 Feb 1792 – 18 Dec 1797)

1800 to 1986

Gennaro Carelli (18 Dec 1797 – 3 Mar 1818 Died)
Nicola Carelli (21 Feb 1820 – 14 Apr 1826 Died)
Giovanni De Simone, C.M. (3 Jul 1826 – 13 Aug 1847 Died)
Giuseppe-Maria Mucedola (11 Dec 1848 – 22 Mar 1865 Died)
Salvatore Silvestris, C.SS.R. (23 Feb 1872 – 14 Feb 1879 Died)
Augusto Antonio Vicentini (12 May 1879 – 13 May 1881)
Casimiro Gennari (13 May 1881 – 6 Feb 1897)<ref>Gennari was a native of Maratea (diocese of Policastro). He was the founder of the monthly journal Il Monitore ecclesiastico, and was a noted author of books on ecclesiastical topics. He was consecrated a bishop in Rome on 15 May 1881 by Cardinal Edward Howard. He was appointed Titular Archbishop of Naupactus on 6 February 1897, and was named a Cardinal by Pope Leo XIII on 15 April 1901.  Gennari was a collaborator in the creation of the 1917 Pio-Benedictine Code of Canon Law. As a Cardinal, and particularly as Prefect of the SC of the Council, he pressed for frequent reception of communion. He died on 31 January 1914.   G. di Ruocco, Il Cardinale Casimiro Gennari. Pastore e giurista (1839–1914) (Naples: Laurentiana 1995).</ref>
Antonio Lamberti (19 Apr 1897 – 12 Aug 1917 Died)
Domenico Lancellotti (14 Mar 1918 – 9 Jun 1930 Died)
Domenico Argnani (30 Sep 1931 – 15 Jun 1935)
Gregorio Falconieri (12 Sep 1935 – 24 May 1964 Retired)
Antonio D'Erchia (21 Jan 1970 – 30 Sep 1986) (Appointed Bishop of the renamed Conversano-Monopoli)

Diocese of Conversano-MonopoliUnited: 30 September 1986 with Diocese of MonopoliAntonio D'Erchia (30 Sep 1986 – 11 Feb 1987 Retired)
Domenico Padovano (13 Feb 1987 – 5 Feb 2016 Retired)
Giuseppe Favale (5 Feb 2016 – )

References

Books
Reference Works
 (in Latin)
 (in Latin)

 pp. 946–947. (Use with caution; obsolete)
 (in Latin)
 (in Latin)
 (in Latin)

Studies

Kamp, Norbert (1975). Kirche und Monarchie im staufischen Königreich Sizilien: I. Prosopographische Grundlegung, Bistumer und  Bistümer und Bischöfe des Konigreichs 1194–1266: 2. Apulien und Calabrien München: Wilhelm Fink 1975.
Kehr, Paulus Fridolin (1962). Italia pontificia. Regesta pontificum Romanorum.'' Vol. IX: Samnia – Apulia – Lucania.  Berlin: Weidmann. (in Latin), pp. 358–368.

Acknowledgment

Conversano
Diocese Conversano Monopoli
Conversano


Edward Francis Gleason (November 9, 1869 – April 9, 1944) was an American sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Biography
He was born on November 9, 1869 in Hyannis, Massachusetts. In 1912 he won the gold medal as member of the American team in the team clay pigeons competition. In the individual trap event he finished ninth. He died on April 9, 1944.

References

External links
Edward Gleason at databaseOlympics.com

1869 births
1944 deaths
American male sport shooters
Shooters at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in shooting
Trap and double trap shooters
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1912 Summer Olympics
People from Hyannis, Massachusetts
Sportspeople from Barnstable County, Massachusetts
20th-century American sportsmen