Stan Cummins (born 6 December 1958 in Sedgefield, County Durham, England) is an English former footballer,  who played as an attacking midfielder or forward.

Pre-career
In 1970, Cummins, at age 11, was spotted by Middlesbrough Chief Scout Ray Grant playing for Ferryhill Grammar School. Some of Grant's other discoveries were Brian Clough, Mark Proctor, and Tony Mowbray. Grant told Boro's Assistant Manager, Harold Shepherdson, that Cummins had the keenest football brain he had encountered in a boy, and was the most naturally-talented player he had seen since Hughie Gallacher. Shepherdson signed Cummins on Associate Schoolboy Forms for Middlesbrough at age 14, staving off competition from Chelsea, Arsenal, and Aston Villa, to name a few clubs wanting his signature. Grant died on 6 February 2006. Cummins played for the Spennymoor & District Schools Football Association under-14 team for the 1972–73 season, and for the Durham County Schools Football Association under-15 team for the 1973–74 season. He had try-outs for the England Schoolboys' Under-15 team, and was one of the best players on view, but was not selected. Manager Jim Morrow decided that Cummins was too small, and would not have the stamina to compete against the German Schoolboys' under-15 team at Wembley Stadium. Instead, he went to the game on a School trip, and watched it from the terraces, believing that he was good enough to be taking part. That made Cummins more determined than ever to become a Professional Footballer, and prove the doubters wrong.

Career
Cummins began his career with Middlesbrough in 1975 as an apprentice professional, and was coached at youth level by George Wardle, and then by former Scotland and Celtic great Bobby Murdoch. He was voted Boro's Young Player of the Year in 1976. Manager Jack Charlton gave him his debut in the old First Division (now the Premier League) against Ipswich Town at Ayresome Park on 27 November 1976 at the age of only 17, and Cummins went on to become a firm crowd favourite. He played for Boro in a friendly match against Scottish club Hearts a few weeks earlier, and scored in a 3–0 win. Cummins signed professional forms with the club on his 18th birthday. He gained renown as a diminutive, skilful striker/midfielder. While still only a teenager, Jack Charlton suggested that Cummins would one day be the first player to be sold for one million pounds. However, that was not to be the case, for in 1979 Trevor Francis became the first when Nottingham Forest bought him from Birmingham City. In 1977, Cummins had the honour of playing with 1966 World Cup Winner Sir Bobby Charlton in John Hickton's Testimonial Match against Sunderland at Ayresome Park. In the summer of 1977 he played in the North American Soccer League (NASL) at the age of 18 for the Minnesota Kicks against the likes of Pelé, Franz Beckenbauer, Giorgio Chinaglia, and his idol George Best, winning the Western Division Championship. In November of '77, Cummins scored his first league goal in Boro's 1–0 win against Aston Villa at Villa Park. By age 19, he established himself in Boro's first team, and played in their F.A. Cup run of 1978 that took them to the semi-final draw for the first time in their one-hundred-and-two-year history. It was Ipswich Town v. West Bromwich Albion, and Arsenal v. Middlesbrough or Leyton Orient. In the quarter-final, Boro drew 0–0 with Orient at Ayresome Park, then lost the replay 2–1 at Brisbane Road. In January of that year, Boro beat Newcastle United 4–2 at St. James' Park, and Cummins scored Boro's fourth goal, prompting match commentator Kenneth Wolstenholme to say another of his famous one-liners. Immediately after the goal, Wolstenholme said, "That gives him (Cummins) ten out of ten, and one for neatness". Cummins played against Scotland in Willie Maddren's Testimonial Match prior to their departure for the 1978 World Cup in Argentina. Former Boro colleague Graeme Souness also played. Cummins was voted Boro's Player of the Year, and received his award from Vice Chairman Mike McCullagh. In December '78, Middlesbrough beat Chelsea 7–2 at Ayresome Park, and Cummins had three assists. In February 1979, he was a member of the England U21 Squad versus Wales U21 along with Bryan Robson, Glenn Hoddle, Kenny Sansom, and Terry Butcher, coached by Dave Sexton and Terry Venables. He also used to write a weekly column for Scoop, a soccer magazine, as did Kenny Dalglish, Glenn Hoddle, and Peter Barnes.

Cummins joined Sunderland in November 1979 at the age of 20, for £300,000, the Club's most expensive signing in their 100-year history, scoring on his debut in the 3–1 win over Notts. County at Roker Park. He also won the Daily Express National Five-a-side Championship at Wembley Arena that same month. Cummins would also score vital goals for Sunderland in their promotion season of 1979–80. On 9 February 1980 he scored four goals and had one assist in the 5–0 win against Burnley at Roker Park. On 5 April he scored the only goal that beat Newcastle United in the local derby at Roker Park. That record stood for twenty-eight years until Sunderland beat Newcastle United again on home soil on 25 October 2008 when Sunderland won 2–1. He also scored in the 2–0 win against West Ham United to clinch promotion in front of 47,000 fans at Roker Park on 12 May. The following season, he would score the goal which ensured Sunderland's First Division survival away to Liverpool at Anfield in the last game of the season. He was named Sunderland Player of the Year for 1981 and also the North-East of England Outfield Player of the Year for 1981. He was also the only Sunderland player to play in all 46 League and Cup games that season. In the summer of 1981 he returned to the NASL and played for the Seattle Sounders alongside Bruce Rioch and Alan Hudson, winning the Trans-Atlantic Challenge Cup against the New York Cosmos, Glasgow Celtic and Southampton. He also played for the Sounders against the Washington Diplomats featuring Dutch legend Johan Cruyff. In May 1982 Aston Villa won the European Cup beating Bayern Munich 1–0. Three months later in the first fixture of the 1982/83 season Sunderland beat Aston Villa 3–1 at Villa Park, Cummins had two assists and was voted 'Man of the Match'.

In 1983, after his Sunderland contract had expired, Cummins joined Crystal Palace instead of Newcastle United and Kevin Keegan, a move he deeply regrets, returning to Sunderland a year later. He had played with Keegan in John Craggs's Testimonial Match in 1982 and enjoyed Keegan's style of play. His second spell at Roker Park was short-lived. He was a member of the Sunderland Squad who got to the 1985 League Cup Final at Wembley Stadium but couldn't play because he was cup-tied. In May 1985 he captained Sunderland to victory over Middlesbrough in the Final of the Bradford City Disaster Fund North East of England Six-a-Side Tournament held at Teesside Park. All of the proceeds went to Bradford City F.C. In all he made 165 appearances for Sunderland. He left the club following relegation in 1985 for the US at the age of 26 and joined the Minnesota Strikers on a three-year contract in the Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL). The Strikers reached the 1986 MISL Championship only to lose 4 games to 3 (best of seven) to the San Diego Sockers. However, they were crowned MISL Eastern Division Champions in 1988 and on 8 April Cummins scored a hat-trick in the Strikers 4–2 victory against the Chicago Sting and he was carried shoulder high from the playing field by his teammates at the end of the game. The club folded at the end of the season and so Cummins joined the Kansas City Comets for the 1988/89 season. He played in all of the Comets games that season along with teammate Greg Ion. An entertaining and skilful player, Cummins' career spanned 14 years, 10 years in the English Football League where he made 251 appearances in both League and Cup Competitions scoring 50 goals, 2 seasons in the NASL and 4 years in the MISL, USA. He retired as a professional player in 1990 and has a UEFA 'B' coaching certificate.

References

External links

English men's footballers
Middlesbrough F.C. players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
North American Soccer League (1968–1984) players
Minnesota Kicks players
Seattle Sounders (1974–1983) players
Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–1992) players
Minnesota Strikers (MISL) players
People from Sedgefield
Footballers from County Durham
1958 births
Living people
English Football League players
Men's association football forwards
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
English expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders


Jamie Alcroft (born January 18, 1949) is an American comedian and voice actor known for his voice-over work in movies, TV shows and video games and was half of the comedy duo Mack & Jamie.

Biography

Early life and education
Alcroft is of English, Welsh, Irish and German ancestry. He earned a Bachelor of Science in Communication from Ohio University in 1971.

Career
Alcroft was working as a disc jockey at a Key West radio station in 1979 when cartoonist Mack Dryden left a note for him at his studio. It read "You must be one of the funniest men in Key West; I'm the other one." The pair got to know one another and began performing as a stand-up act in Key West.

They had been working together for less than two years when they were invited to appear on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. That and other TV appearances led to their own syndicated show in 1985, called Comedy Break. They taped 125 half-hour shows in less than a year.
Their appearance on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, prompted Leno to call them, "The funniest Duo working today." Mack and Jamie continue to perform at corporate events around the world and have earned the reputation as clean comedians.

As a voice actor, Alcroft has provided numerous voices for animated series, commercials and video games such as Return to Castle Wolfenstein, Gears of War I, II, III and IV and Call of Duty: United Offensive as Lieutenant Lehmkuhl and Sgt. Ramirez. He voiced Wheeljack in the video game adaptation of Transformers: Dark Of The Moon, several voices in Ninja Gaiden 2 and Adam Sandler's Eight Crazy Nights. He also played the voice as the interviewer from the intro and epilogue of Spyro the Dragon and other numerous dragons. Alcroft also voiced Dr. Dean in Scooby-Doo! and the Witch's Ghost.

He was named 2009 Westlake Village Citizen of the Year and has been voted one of the "25 Most Influential People" in Ventura County. He has dedicated his life to raising funds for schools and charities, through local businesses partners.

He has teamed up with Phil Proctor of Firesign Theatre fame to write and perform "Boomers on a Bench" which can be seen on YouTube and Facebook weekly.

Marriage and children
Alcroft is married to two-time Emmy award winning figure skating choreographer Sarah Kawahara. The couple have three children: Alysse, Hayley and Thatcher.

Personal life
In 2017, Alcroft had a heart transplant.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

References

External links

Mack & Jamie

1949 births
Living people
21st-century American businesspeople
American male video game actors
American male voice actors
American people of English descent
American people of German descent
American people of Irish descent
American people of Welsh descent
American radio DJs
American stand-up comedians
Place of birth missing (living people)
Ohio University alumni


Scott Holman may refer to:

 Scott Holman (American football) (born 1962), former National Football League wide receiver
 Scott Earl Holman (born 1954), jazz pianist
 Scott Holman (baseball) (born 1958), former Major League Baseball pitcher


Sierra Sciences, LLC is a biotechnology company founded by William H. Andrews, former director of molecular biology at Geron Corporation. Andrews founded Sierra Sciences in 1999 in Reno, Nevada with the goal of preventing and/or reversing cellular senescence, and ultimately curing diseases associated with human aging, including the aging process itself.

Background

In humans, aging is strongly correlated with the length of an individual's telomeres, the repetitive DNA at the ends of each chromosome.  Each time a cell in the body divides, its telomeres become shorter. Eventually, telomeres shorten to the point where the cell is unable to divide (the "Hayflick limit").  The enzyme telomerase adds these DNA sequence repeats to the telomere, re-lengthening it.  In humans, telomerase is expressed in embryonic stem cells and some other cells, but most somatic cells do not express it.

While working at Geron Corporation, Andrews co-discovered the RNA component of human telomerase ("hTR"). For this discovery, Andrews was awarded second place as "National Inventor of the Year" in 1997 by the Intellectual Property Owners Association.  Andrews also co-discovered the protein component of human telomerase ("hTERT").  The hTERT gene is present in all human cells, but is repressed in most.

In 1997, Andrews left Geron, and, in 1999, founded Sierra Sciences to pursue the anti-aging implications of these discoveries, intending to find a drug that would "switch on" this repressed gene.

Company history

At the time of its inception, Sierra Sciences' President was Dan Fylstra, founder of VisiCorp.

In 2002, Richard Offerdahl, co-founder of Zycad Corporation and former director of Digi International, assumed the position of Chairman of the Board of Sierra Sciences.

In 2003, Offerdahl was elected Chief Operating Officer and Pierluigi Zappacosta (co-founder of Logitech) was elected President and Chief Executive Officer.

In 2008, Andrews was promoted to President and CEO, and Zappacosta took the roles of Co-Chairman of the Board and Vice President, Business Development.

In early 2016, Bill Andrews announced that Sierra Sciences was working with BioViva and will be to starting a new venture BioViva FIJI on Fiji and they will be the first company to use gene therapy to treat biological aging in humans. However when contacted for comment authorities in Fiji denied any such claim.

Discoveries

In 2001, Sierra Sciences discovered a repressor binding site (dubbed "Site C") that blocks the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase ("TERT"), patented in 2004. Sierra Sciences discovered another repressor bind site, "GC-Box 5," in 2004, patented in 2007.

Sierra Sciences discovered methods of assaying TERT promoter modulatory agents, allowing the company to efficiently check a variety of compounds to see if they inhibit repression of hTERT, in 2005.

In 2007, the company discovered a small-molecule drug-like compound, "C0057684", that activates telomerase expression in human cells. In 2008, using C0057684 as a positive control, Sierra Sciences developed a quantitative PCR based high-throughput screening assay to more efficiently screen for compounds that transiently induce the expression of endogenous telomerase in human cells. Sierra Sciences has identified more than fifty such drugs and is characterizing their mechanism of action.

See also

 Telomere
 Telomerase

References

External links
Company web site

Biogerontology organizations
Biotechnology companies of the United States
Companies based in Reno, Nevada
Life extension organizations
Privately held companies based in Nevada
American companies established in 1999


Uzu, UZU or Üzü may refer to:

Music
 UZU, a 2013 album by Yamantaka // Sonic Titan
 "Uzu" (song), 2003, by Porno Graffitti

Places
 Uzu Hotel, Benghazi, Libya
 Two villages in Azerbaijan:
Çay Üzü
Dağ Üzü

See also
 Üzü (disambiguation)
 Ozu (disambiguation)
 Uzo (disambiguation)

 Yuzu, a fruit


Thorn Creek is a  tributary of the Little Calumet River that travels through Will and Cook counties in northeastern Illinois just south of Chicago. It starts in the high land of the Valparaiso Moraine before dropping  to the lower elevations of the Little Calumet River valley. Along its path it has cut many deep ravines and valleys. It is usually quite narrow, though the width of the river varies. Under 26th Street in Chicago Heights, a dam built in 1928 forms Sauk Lake (which is very wide), but just north of the street it is just a few feet across. This dam creates an accumulation of several feet of silt in Sauk Lake and is being considered for Notching in 2016 by the Corps of Engineers. The intent is to 'improve stream habitat'. The impact upon Ground Water Recharge, mitigation of Thorn Creek's 'flashiness' and future recreational activities are also concerns of Water-Shed Stakeholders.

See also
Thorn Creek Nature Center and Preserve
Sauk Trail Woods
Calumet River
Valparaiso Moraine
Tinley Moraine
List of rivers in Illinois

References

Kenneth J. Schoon, Calumet Beginnings, 2003

Rivers of Illinois
Rivers of Will County, Illinois
Rivers of Cook County, Illinois


Pengrowth Energy Corporation was a Canadian oil and natural gas company based in Calgary, Alberta.  Established in 1988 by Calgary entrepreneur James S Kinnear, it was one of the largest of the Canadian royalty trusts ("Canroys"), with a market capitalization of US$4.12 billion at the end of 2007.  Its assets were approximately evenly distributed between oil and natural gas.

Pengrowth's assets are in the Western Canada sedimentary basin, a geologic region which has a long history of productivity in crude oil and natural gas.  In addition to the properties in western Canada, the company had assets in the Atlantic Ocean off of Nova Scotia.  Pengrowth produced petroleum ranging from heavy crude oil to light oil, natural gas liquids, and natural gas.  Proved reserves in 2006 were reported to be  of oil equivalent (boe) with an additional  of probable reserves.  Average daily production in 2006 was  (bpd) with a projected amount of 86,000 to 87,000 for 2007; figures verifying these totals should be released in early 2008 (those estimates for 2007 ended up being fairly accurate, that year Pengrowth produced 87,401 boe per day, the highest for any annual period between 2005 and 2009, also in 2007 natural gas made up the highest percentage for any of those years (51%)).  In 2009 total production averaged 79,519 boe/d (29.0 million barrels for the year) of which 49,126 (61.78%) was natural gas related, 22,841 (28.72%) was crude oil and the rest 7,551 (9.50%) heavy oil.

Pengrowth Energy Trust paid a high dividend, yielding an annual rate of 15.9% in early 2008; in addition, it paid out monthly, a relative rarity for equities listed on the New York Stock Exchange.  Since Pengrowth's assets were considered a depletable resource, its dividend payments were not taxed at the regular dividend rate, but rather as return of capital instead of return on investment; this is an additional tax advantage in the United States, and applies to all royalty trusts. However, in December 2015 the company suspended all dividends as it struggled to fund upcoming bond payoffs.  In June 2018, the company was delisted from the New York Stock Exchange and changed its ticker symbol from PGH to PGHEF.

Scotiabank Saddledome, home to the Calgary Flames of the NHL, was known as Pengrowth Saddledome from 2000 until 2010 when Scotiabank took over their naming rights.

Business model
The Pengrowth Energy Corporation owned Pengrowth Management Limited and the Pengrowth Gas Income Fund (later renamed Pengrowth Energy Income Fund). The income fund was a royalty trust that owned, wholly or partly, producing oil and gas wells. The income that the well derived from selling its commodity was distributed to shareholders as monthly dividends, after covering costs associated with infrastructure maintenance, debt payments and management fees. The management company was responsible for negotiating a price it would pay for the well, based on factors such as the expected maintenance costs, commodity prices and proven reserves, as well as how much money could be raised by issuing shares and through debt financing. Pengrowth was an early adopter of this new investment strategy which had emerged as a result of a tax ruling that this was a flow-through entity not subject to corporate tax. Further, as it only invested in depreciating assets it was eligible for tax deferrals benefits. The favourable tax treatment and avoiding initial exploration costs resulted in high dividend yields relative to other oil and gas companies and other income trusts, especially in times of rising oil and natural gas prices. However, the fund incurred risks in times of commodity prices lower than what was paid for the well, or lower than what is needed to cover costs like debt repayments. Pengrowth was unique from similar royalty trusts, such as Enerplus, in that it delivered monthly, rather than quarterly, dividends and it kept its management as a separate company.

History
In 1982 Chartered Financial Analyst James S. Kinnear founded Pengrowth Management Limited to manage an investment portfolio of several pension funds. Finding success based on investments in the oil and gas industry, he founded the Pengrowth Gas Corporation under which Pengrowth Management Limited would manage the new Pengrowth Gas Income Fund. The fund was launched in December 1988 with a $12.5 million initial public offering. Over the next several years, Pengrowth would acquire interest in various oil and gas wells throughout Alberta and Saskatchewan. For example, in 1993, the company raised $8.4-million through selling 1.5 million new shares ($5.50 per share) to purchase $14 million of new properties, with the balance acquired through debt financing. In 1994 they purchased Acquifund Resources Ltd. and Dunbar Oil Ltd. for $39 million. The fund rapidly grew into 1995 when, with a market capitalization of $213 million it was listed on the TSE 300 index, though it was delisted from the index in 1997 due to a lack of clarity on how to properly value such a fund relative to traditional stocks. In 1996, with its interest equally split between oil and gas commodities, the fund changed its name to Pengrowth Energy Fund.

In 1997, Pengrowth made what would become one of its most significant purchases. With a market capitalization of $440-million, the company agreed to purchase Imperial Oil Ltd.'s Judy Creek and Swan Hills properties for $595 million with an additional $106-million purchase in 1999. By that time, the Canadian Bond Rating Service had devised a means to rank royalty trusts and ranked Pengrowth as "moderate", upgraded to "positive" the next year based on sustainability and volatility (i.e. commodity prices, interest rates, equity ownership vs. debt financing, etc.). By 2000 the company was valued over $1 billion and had properties producing 30,000 barrels per day of oil equivalent. In that year, on behalf Pengrowth Management Limited, Kinnear purchased the naming rights for the Calgary Saddledome for the next 10 years; it would be named the 'Pengrowth Saddledome' between 2000 and 2010.

In 2001 the company, along with Emera, acquired an 8.4% stake in the Sable Offshore Energy Project as the Nova Scotia government sought to divest itself from its oil and gas operations. Despite several corrections being made to the amount of Sable's proven gas reserves over the next few years, Pengrowth continued to invest there, buying out Emera and acquiring an undersea pipeline and processing infrastructure. At this time, the company was the largest oil and gas royalty trust in Canada, with a market capitalization over $1.2 billion and an interest in more than 60 oil and gas properties, until the Canadian Oil Sands Trust, with absorption of Athabasca Oil Sands Trust, overtook Pengrowth. In April 2002, seeking better access to American investors, the company listed shares at US$10.11 on the New York Stock Exchange seeking a $250 million cap-at the time its TSE shares were selling at CDN$16.01; it was the second Canadian energy royalty trust, just behind Enerplus, to seek investors on the NYSE. Later that year, with Calpine seeking to exit the Canadian market, Pengrowth acquired Calpine's British Columbia holdings, predominately crude oil. The acquisition grew Pengrowth to $2 billion, though still second behind Enerplus and with $600 million of debt and its shares trading at $14.73. With the 2004 acquisition of much of Murphy Oil's Canadian properties Pengrowth expanded to $3.3 billion.

Pengrowth peaked in mid-2006, with a $27 share price and 25 cent monthly dividends. It reached a nearly a $5 billion market cap in 2006 following its merger with natural gas heavy Esprit Energy Trust and the announcement that it would acquire $1 billion worth of properties from ConocoPhillips's newly acquired Burlington Resources Canada. However, the company suffered its first major setback, as it began a long decline, with the federal government's October 31 announcement that it would begin, effective 2011, taxing royalty trust distributions causing its share price to fall to $19 in November. Natural gas prices had already peaked in 2005 and despite a spike oil and gas commodity prices in mid-2008 when its share price was still at $20, with 22 cent dividends, it was down to a low of $6 and 10 cent dividends in March 2009 following the Fall 2008 stock market collapse. Founder and chief executive officer Kinnear would retire in September 2009 and be replaced by Derek Evans who had been Pengrowth's president and chief operating officer since March 2008. The stock price would peak again only at $14, in Spring 2011, just before their Judy Creek facility suffered a spill of approximately 1.9-million litres of produced water and oil caused by stress corrosion cracking. Nevertheless, in 2012, Pengrowth completed what would be its last major acquisition in a $1.9 billion deal, and expanded its market cap to $6.6 billion, to purchase NAL Energy Corporation.

With its dividends cut from 7 to 4 cents, Pengrowth's share price would fall again in 2012 and stay between $4 and $7 through 2014. The company had been transitioning its main focus from acquiring and extending the life of aging assets to developing its own long-term oil-producing facility. Having become overly burdened with debt, it began selling assets to develop a steam-assisted gravity drainage project near Lindbergh, Alberta, in the Cold Lake oil sands. While posting losses, they sold over $1 billion of assets throughout 2013 to fund the Lindbergh project, expected to come online in early-2015 at a cost $590 million, (revised in mid-2014 to $630 million) and to pay down some of its $2 billion of debt. However, as oil and gas commodity prices plummeted in 2015, Pengrowth struggled to meet its debt repayment schedules. While the Lindbergh project was producing, its expansion and all new spending was deferred. Throughout 2015 the company significantly reduced its staffing as more assets were sold or written off and reduced dividends to 2 cents before ending all dividend payments in November.
In March 2016, with shares trading at $1.40, Toronto billionaire Seymour Schulich acquired a 14.7% stake in Pengrowth by purchasing 80 million out-standing shares.  He continued buying in throughout 2016, reaching 19% by October and up to 30% in 2019. However, commodity prices did not rebound as expected and the company continued to sell properties until its only remaining major assets were the Lindbergh facility and the natural gas infrastructure in Groundbirch, British Columbia, though it had repaid $1.3 billion of its debt. Pengrowth's CEO Derek Evans retired in March 2018, replaced by Peter Sametz. The company was partially successful in its efforts to restructure or extend its debt but had to solicit offers to sell or merge the remainder of the business. In November 2019, with shares trading at 71 cents, the company announced its intention to be taken over by Cona Resources, an operations company established by oil and gas private equity firm Waterous Energy Fund, for 5 cents a share (totaling approximately $28 million) plus inheriting Pengrowth's remaining $712-million of debt. While the trading of the company's American stocks were transferred from the New York Stock Exchange to the OTCQX in June 2018, effective January 7, 2020, Pengrowth was delisted from both the Toronto Stock Exchange and OTCQX.

References and notes

External links

Oil companies of Canada
Natural gas companies of Canada
Companies based in Calgary
Energy companies established in 1988
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1988
1988 establishments in Alberta
Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Companies formerly listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange


Adarnase () was a late 8th-century nobleman of Iberia (Kartli, modern Georgia) and the founder of the Georgian Bagratid dynasty. He established himself in Tao-Klarjeti as a vassal of the Chosroid dynasty of Iberia and, as a matter of inheritance, acquired more lands, setting stage for the elevation of the Bagratids—in the person of his son Ashot I—to the principate of Iberia.

Name
The name Adarnase derives from Middle Persian Ādurnarsēh, with the second component of the word (Nase) being the Georgian attestation of the Middle Persian name Narseh, which ultimately derives from Avestan nairyō.saŋya-. The Middle Persian name Narseh also exists in Georgian as Nerse. The name Ādurnarsēh appears in the Armenian language as Atrnerseh.

Origin

The medieval Georgian chronicle History of King Vakhtang Gorgasali, attributed to Juansher, relates that the prince (mtavari) Adarnase came to the Georgian Chosroid ruler Archil and asked for land, agreeing in turn to be his vassal. He was given Shulaveri and Artani (modern Ardahan, Turkey). According to the same passage, Adarnase was a descendant of the prophet David and the nephew or – according to another manuscript – grandson of "Adarnase the Blind"; his father was "related to the Bagratids" and had been set up as a duke in the Armenian lands by the Byzantines. Oppressed by the Arab Marwan, he had arrived to the "children of the curopalates Guaram III and remained there."

Professor Cyril Toumanoff assumes that "Adarnase the Blind" in Juansher – who is unattested elsewhere – is a simple error for Ashot III the Blind of Armenia (c. 690 – 762), thus making Adarnase Ashot's grandson, not a nephew, through his son Vasak who might have married the daughter of the Georgian prince Guaram and lived as a fugitive at his court after the disastrous rebellion of Armenian nobility against Arab rule in 772. Vasak is unknown to Georgian records in which the origin of the Georgian Bagratids is largely obscured in favor of the dynasty's claim of Davidic descent. Thus, Sumbat Davitisdze, the 11th-century biographer of the Georgian dynasty, makes only a passing reference to Adarnase and projects, erroneously or intentionally, the arrival of Bagratid forefathers back several centuries earlier.

Family
Adarnase was married to a daughter of Prince Nerse of Iberia with whom he had two children. His son, Ashot, succeeded him in Tao-Klarjeti and went on to become the first Bagratid presiding prince of Iberia. According to the Chronicle of Kartli, Adarnase also had a daughter, Latavri. She married Juansher, a son of the same prince, Archil, from whom Adarnase received land and patronage. Juansher’s mother was initially opposed to the marriage, as the chronicle claims, because of her ignorance of the Bagratids’ Davidic origin. This dynastic alliance allowed Adarnase to further expand his estates. Archil’s territorial holdings had been divided between three heirs; Juansher was one of them. When Juansher died (c. 806), Adarnase inherited Juansher's third through his daughter and combined it with the lands acquired in the lifetime of his son-in-law, thus laying the foundation to the hereditary fiefdom of the Georgian Bagratids in Tao-Klarjeti and Javakheti. Latavri and his late father Adarnase are commemorated in a Georgian inscription from the Kabeni monastery near Akhalgori.

References

Bagrationi dynasty of Tao-Klarjeti
8th-century monarchs in Europe


The Andersen Consulting World Championship of Golf was a 32-man match play golf tournament played from 1995 to 1998. It was the predecessor tournament to the WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship which started in 1999.

The top eight players available from four different regions, the United States, Europe, Japan, and the "Rest of the World", were selected from the Sony Rankings. Each region played three rounds of match play to determine the regional winner to send to the finals. The regional tournaments were played at various times (February to August) throughout the year at different courses in the U.S., Europe, and Japan.

The semi-finals and finals were played in late December 1995 and early January in 1997 and 1998 at the Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona, United States. All matches were played over 18 holes except the final which was played over 36 holes. The purse each year was US$3,650,000 with $1,000,000 going to the winner.

The World Golf Championships (WGC) were formed in 1999 and Andersen Consulting remained as the sponsor of the match play championship. The first WGC event, the 1999 WGC-Andersen Consulting Match Play Championship took place in February 1999. The format changed to a 64-man tournament played over one week with the field is drawn from the Official World Golf Rankings.

Winners

References

Unofficial money golf tournaments
Golf in Arizona
Sports competitions in Scottsdale, Arizona
1995 establishments in Arizona
1998 disestablishments in Arizona


François de Roubaix (; 3 April 1939, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine – 22 November 1975, Tenerife, Canary Islands) was a French film score composer. In a decade, he created a musical style with new sounds, until his death in 1975.

Biography
Roubaix did not receive any formal education in music, but began studying jazz on his own at age 15, forming a band and learning trombone as an autodidact. His father, the Oscar-winning filmmaker , who was a producer of the short film, "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" and the creator of educational films, offered to let François compose scores for the latter. François' first film score was for a 1961 film by Robert Enrico; through the late 1960s and early 1970s he scored films for Enrico, Jose Giovanni, Jean-Pierre Melville, Jean-Pierre Mocky, and Yves Boisset.

Notable in his style is his use of folk elements, as well as electronic musical instruments such as synthesizers and early drum machines. He is thus seen as a precursor of French electronic music. Roubaix had a home studio where he would overdub parts until he was satisfied with the result. He died in 1975 in a diving accident.   In 1976, his score for Le Vieux Fusil was awarded a César Award.

Scores
 1961 : Thaumeatopoea, la vie des chenilles processionnaires du pin et de leur extermination controlée by Robert Enrico
 1962 : Montagnes magiques by Robert Enrico
 1964 : Contre-point by Robert Enrico
 1964 : Strip-teaseuses ou ces femmes que l'on croit faciles by Jean-Claude Roy
 1965 : Théâtre de la jeunesse : La redevance du fantôme (TV) by Robert Enrico
 1965 : Les Survivants (TV series) by Dominique Genée
 1966 : Les Chats by Philippe Durand
 1966 : Elles by Alain Magrou
 1966 : Les Combinards by Jean-Claude Roy
 1966 : Les Grandes Gueules by Robert Enrico
 1967 : La loi du survivant by José Giovanni
 1967 : Les Poneyttes by Joel Lemoigne
 1967 : Contacts by Dolorès Grassian
 1967 : Des terrils et des Turcs by Jean-Michel Barjol
 1967 : Les aventuriers by Robert Enrico
 1967 : Rue barrée (TV series) by René Versini
 1967 : La vie commence à minuit (TV series) by Yvan Jouannet
 1967 : Les Chevaliers du ciel or Les Aventures de Michel Tanguy - Les aventures de Tanguy et Laverdure (TV series) by François Villiers
 1967 : The Blonde from Peking by Nicolas Gessner
 1967 : Le Samouraï by Jean-Pierre Melville
 1967 : Diaboliquement vôtre by Julien Duvivier
 1968 : Le Paradis terrestre (TV series)
 1968 : Tante Zita by Robert Enrico
 1968 :  by José Giovanni
 1968 : Les Teenagers by Pierre Roustang
 1968 : Les Secrets de la Mer Rouge (TV series) by Pierre Lary
 1968 : Adieu l'ami by Jean Herman
 1968 : Ho! by Robert Enrico
 1968 : La Grande Lessive by Jean-Pierre Mocky
 1968 : Le Témoin by Anne Walter
 1969 : Pépin la bulle (TV series) by Italo Bettiol, Stefano Lonati
 1969 : Les Oiseaux sauvages (TV series)
 1969 : Jeff by Jean Herman
 1969 : 48 heures d'amour by Cécil Saint-Laurent
 1969 : Que ferait donc Faber ? (TV series) by Dolorès Grassian
 1969 :  by Jean-Pierre Desagnat
 1970 : Les Amis by Gérard Blain
 1970 : Une infinie tendresse by Pierre Jallaud
 1970 : L'Étalon by Jean-Pierre Mocky
 1970 : Dernier domicile connu by José Giovanni
 1970 : Pour un sourire by François Dupont-Midy
 1970 : La Peau de Torpedo by Jean Delannoy
 1970 : Teva : Opération Gauguin (TV series) by Adolphe Sylvain
 1970 : L'homme orchestre by Serge Korber
 1970 : Les Novices by Guy Casaril
 1971 : Girl Slaves of Morgana Le Fay by Bruno Gantillon
 1971 : Daughters of Darkness (Les Lèvres rouges) by Harry Kümel
 1971 : Où est donc passé Tom ? by José Giovanni
 1971 : Un peu, beaucoup, passionnément by Robert Enrico
 1971 : Boulevard du Rhum by Robert Enrico
 1972 : La Scoumoune by José Giovanni
 1974 : Chapi Chapo (TV series)
 1975 : Le Vieux Fusil by Robert Enrico

References

[ Roubaix] at Allmusic

1939 births
1975 deaths
Musicians from Neuilly-sur-Seine
French film score composers
French male film score composers
Accidental deaths in Spain
Underwater diving deaths
20th-century French composers
20th-century French male musicians


Brian Atkinson (born 19 January 1971) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder, either on the wing or as a central midfielder.

Atkinson began his career with Sunderland and played in the 1992 FA Cup Final. After 141 appearances he lost his first team place in 1996 and was loaned to Carlisle United. Later in the year he joined Darlington, where he remained until his retirement from professional football in 2002.

His 13-year playing career brought almost 400 league and cup appearances and 6 England caps at under-21 level. He made his debut coming on as a substitute for Mark Blake in a friendly against Wales on 5 December 1991 at Prenton Park. He was also part of the England under-21 team that won the 1991 Toulon Tournament, beating the hosts, France, 1–0 in the final.

Atkinson had a brief spell working for Darlington's Centre of Excellence before spending five seasons as assistant manager of Northern League Division One club Newton Aycliffe. He was appointed assistant manager at Spennymoor Town in February 2012, and took up the corresponding role at Darlington 1883 (now Darlington) three months later. Atkinson stepped up to take charge of first team affairs on 1 October 2017 following the resignation of manager Martin Gray. This role was short-lived, and in November 2017, he re-joined Gray at York City as matchday analyst.

Honours
Sunderland
 Football League Second Division play-offs runner-up: 1990
 FA Cup runner-up: 1992
 Football League First Division winner: 1995–96

Darlington
 Football League Third Division play-offs runner-up: 2000

England U21
 Toulon Tournament: 1991

References

External links

1971 births
Living people
Footballers from Darlington
English men's footballers
England men's under-21 international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Carlisle United F.C. players
Darlington F.C. players
English Football League players
York City F.C. non-playing staff


HotCha is a former Hong Kong cantopop trio group presented by Neway Star Entertainment. The members include Regen Cheung (張惠雅), Crystal Cheung (張紋嘉), and Winkie Lai (黎美言). The group debuted on April 4, 2007 and disbanded in 2014.

In 2018, the 11th year of the group's career, the three former members reunited for a special charity concert, which was held on June 3, in order to commemorate the group's 10th anniversary.

Albums
 Hotcha (2007)
 Hotcha Sexy Funny Cool (2008)
 Hotcha Shall We Dance Shall We Love? (2009)
 Hotcha Our Favorites 我們最愛的 (2010)
 Three On The Road 3個人在途上(2011)
 0103(2012)
 New Chapter Ultimate Collection (2014)

TVB Series
 Colours of Love (森之愛情) (2007) HotCha as shopping assistants
 Dressage To Win (盛裝舞步愛作戰) (2008) Guest role
 Your Class or Mine (尖子攻略) (2008) Cameo role
 The Season of Fate (五味人生) (2010) Regen Cheung as Lei Shi-mui/Tai Kat, a swindler's apprentice
 Sisters of Pearl (掌上明珠) (2010) Crystal Cheung as Young Chu Pik-Ha

Films
 Mysterious Fighter Project A (2018)
 Fortune Cookies (2012)
 The Cases (2012)
 Give Love (2009)
 All's Well, Ends Well 2009 (2009)
 Nobody's Perfect (2008)
 Forgive and Forget (2008)

References

External links
Neway Star Official website
HotCha Fans Club

Cantonese-language singers
Cantopop musical groups
Hong Kong girl groups
Hong Kong female dancers
Hong Kong dancers
Hong Kong idols
Musical trios
Musical groups established in 2007
Musical groups disestablished in 2022


Lenzie Maurice Jackson (born June 17, 1977) is a retired National Football League kick returner and Arena Football League wide receiver/defensive back.

High school years
Jackson attended Milpitas High School in Milpitas, California and was a letterman in football and track & field.

College career
Jackson played college football for the Arizona State Sun Devils.

Professional career
Jackson played in the NFL for the Jacksonville Jaguars (1999), the Cleveland Browns (2000), and the Pittsburgh Steelers (2001–2002). He played in the AFL for the Carolina Cobras (2004), the Columbus Destroyers (2005), and the Los Angeles Avengers (2006–2007).

Notes

External links
 Profile at AFL.com

1977 births
Living people
People from Milpitas, California
American football return specialists
American football wide receivers
American football defensive backs
Arizona State Sun Devils football players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Cleveland Browns players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Carolina Cobras players
Columbus Destroyers players
Los Angeles Avengers players
Players of American football from Santa Clara County, California


The 18th Special Operations Test and Evaluation Squadron (18 SOTES) is an active unit of the United States Air Force, based at Hurlburt Field, Florida. The squadron performs field testing for Air Force Special Operations Command, evaluating aircraft, equipment, and tactics in realistic battlespace environments to provide decision-makers with accurate, timely, and complete assessments of mission capability. From concept development to system fielding, the unit's mission improves the survivability and combat capability of special operations forces worldwide.

The first predecessor of the squadron is the U.S. Army Air Forces 18th Bombardment Squadron, which was activated in January 1941 as the United States expanded its military in preparation for World War II.  Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the squadron moved to the Pacific Northwest, conducting antisubmarine warfare patrols.  In the summer of 1942, it became a Replacement Training Unit for heavy bomber crews.  In late 1943, it began training for overseas deployment and entered combat in the European Theater of Operations in 1944, participating in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany.  Following V-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States and was inactivated in August 1945.

The second predecessor of the squadron was activated in 1969 as the USAF 18th Special Operations Squadron.  After training in the United States with Fairchild AC-119K Stingers, it deployed to South Vietnam and then to Thailand as a gunship unit.  It earned a Presidential Unit Citation and four Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards with Combat "V" Device before inactivating in 1972.  The two squadrons were consolidated into a single unit in 1985.  The squadron was activated as the 18th Test Squadron in 1991, and has served in the test role ever since, except for a brief inactive period in 1994.

Mission
The 18th Special Operations Test and Evaluation Squadron is the "independent field test agency" of Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC).  It has one detachment at Edwards Air Force Base, California. The squadron evaluates aircraft, equipment and tactics in realistic battlespace environments to provide decision makers accurate, timely and complete assessments of mission capability. From concept development to system fielding, the unit's mission improves the survivability and combat capability of special operations forces worldwide.

Units

The 18th SOTES is composed of approximately 96 people. The squadron consists of seven flights: fixed wing, vertical lift, operations analysis, combat applications, special missions, instrumentation and mission support.

The detachment at Edwards Air Force Base is responsible for operational test and evaluation and tactics development and evaluation of the MV/CV-22 Osprey and supports Headquarters Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center in conducting joint tests with the Navy and Marine Corps.

History

World War II

The squadron was activated at Langley Field, Virginia in January 1941 as the 18th Bombardment Squadron, one of the original squadrons of the 34th Bombardment Group, and equipped with a mixture of B-17C and B-17D Flying Fortresses and Douglas B-18 Bolos.  Along with the 34th Group, the squadron moved to Westover Field, Massachusetts four months after they were activated.

After the Pearl Harbor attack the squadron began antisubmarine patrols off the Northeast coast of the United States, but soon became part of Western Defense Command and moved to Pendleton Field, Oregon.  By the summer of 1942, Second Air Force had become primarily a heavy bomber training force and the squadron became a B-17 Replacement Training Unit (RTU) at Geiger Field. RTUs were oversized units which trained aircrews prior to their deployment to combat theaters.

On 15 December 1942 the squadron moved to Blythe Army Air Base, California a base of the Desert Training Center. The unit provided cadres for a number of heavy bomber units that served with Eighth Air Force during this period.

The 18th began training with Consolidated B-24 Liberators for overseas combat operations on 5 January 1944. Its ground echelon moved to the port of embarkation on 1 April 1944, while the air echelon began its overseas movement on 31 May 1944, taking the southern ferry route, from Florida to Trinidad, Brazil, West Africa and Marrakesh arriving at RAF Valley, Wales. The squadron arrived at its permanent station, RAF Mendlesham, England, in April 1944 and entered combat on 23 May 1944.

The squadron helped to prepare for Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy, by bombing airfields in France and Germany, and supported the June landings by attacking coastal defenses and communications. It supported ground forces at Saint-Lô in late July and struck V-1 flying bomb launch sites, gun emplacements, and supply lines throughout the summer of 1944.

The mixture of B-24s and B-17s in the 3d Bombardment Division presented a number of operational problems, and in early 1944 plans had begun at VIII Bomber Command headquarters to standardize the division with the Flying Fortress. The 34th Group flew its last B-24 mission on 24 August 1944. It transferred its Liberators for overhaul and eventual transfer to units of the 2d Bombardment Division, and began converting to B-17s.  It flew its first mission with the new planes on 17 September 1944. The squadron engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic objectives from October 1944 to February 1945. Targets included marshaling yards in Ludwigshafen, Hamm, Osnabrück, and Darmstadt; oil centers in Bielefeld, Merseburg, Hamburg, and Misburg; factories in Berlin, Dalteln, and Hanover; and airfields in Münster, Neumünster, and Frankfurt.

During this period the squadron also supported ground forces during the Battle of the Bulge from December 1944 to January 1945. In March 1945, with few enemy industrial targets remaining and with Allied armies advancing across Germany, the 18th turned almost solely to interdicting enemy communications and supporting Allied ground forces. The 18th flew its last combat mission on 20 April 1945.

After V-E Day the squadron flew missions carrying food to flooded areas of the Netherlands and transported prisoners of war from German camps to Allied centers. The squadron redeployed to the United States in June and July 1945. The first elements of the air echelon departed 19 June 1945. The ground echelon sailed aboard the  from Southampton on 6 August 1945. Upon arrival in the states, unit personnel were given 30 days leave. The squadron reassembled at Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota, where it was inactivated on 28 August 1945.

Vietnam War

The second predecessor of the squadron was activated as the 18th Special Operations Squadron on 25 January 1969 at Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio, and deployed to Phan Rang Air Base, South Vietnam, the 18th SOS flew the Fairchild AC-119K Stinger gunship. The squadron's primary mission was the interdiction of enemy supply lines, close air support, and air base defense. Following the transfer of the aircraft to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force, the 18th was inactivated 31 December 1972.

Test and evaluation
On 1 October 1983, the Special Missions Operations Test and Evaluation Center (SMOTEC) was activated at Hurlburt Field by order of the Secretary of the Air Force as a direct reporting unit of Headquarters Military Airlift Command at Scott Air Force Base. SMOTEC was formed through the consolidation of the test and evaluation function previously assigned to the 1550th Aircrew Training and Test Wing, located at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, which was responsible for combat rescue and related test. It was also responsible for the informal test and evaluation staffs of the 2d Air Division and the 1st Special Operations Wing, at Hurlburt Field. Though testing was reassigned to SMOTEC in October 1983, most of the testing continued at Kirtland for the remainder of that year.

SMOTEC explored new special operations capabilities and developed better equipment and tactics to support Air Force special operations forces. It provided AFSOC with the centralized expertise for development and operational testing of new systems and tactics, proposed changes in doctrine, and recommended new requirements. The unit's colocation with the 1st Special Operations Wing made it ideally suited to perform the mission of improving the worldwide Air Force aim of special operations forces.

SMOTEC remained a direct reporting unit to Headquarters AFSOC until 31 March 1994. On 1 April 1994, it was inactivated and its assets, personnel, and equipment were "reflagged" as the 18th Flight Test Squadron, also a direct reporting unit to AFSOC.

Lineage
18th Bombardment Squadron
 Constituted as the 18th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 20 November 1940
 Activated on 15 January 1941
 Redesignated 18th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 20 August 1943
 Inactivated on 28 August 1945
 Consolidated with the 18th Special Operations Squadron on 19 September 1985 as the 18th Special Operations Squadron

18th Special Operations Test and Evaluation Squadron
 Constituted as the 18th Special Operations Squadron on 16 January 1969
 Activated on 25 January 1969
 Inactivated on 31 December 1972
 Consolidated with the 18th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 19 September 1985 (remained inactive)
 Redesignated 18th Test Squadron on 1 July 1991
 Activated on 15 July 1991
 Redesignated 18th Flight Test Squadron on 23 March 1994
 Inactivated on 1 April 1994
 Activated on 1 April 1994
 Redesignated 18th Special Operations Test and Evaluation Squadron on 26 July 2019

Assignments
 34th Bombardment Group, 15 January 1941 – 28 August 1945
 1st Special Operations Wing, 25 January 1969
 4410th Combat Crew Training Wing, 15 July 1969
 14th Special Operations Wing, 1 October 1969
 56th Special Operations Wing, 25 August 1971 – 31 December 1972
 Special Missions Operational Test and Evaluation Center, 15 July 1991 – 1 April 1994
 Air Force Special Operations Command, 1 April 1994
 Twenty-Third Air Force, 1 January 2008
 Air Force Special Operations Air Warfare Center, 11 February 2013
 492d Special Operations Wing, 10 May 2017

Stations

 Langley Field, Virginia, 15 January 1941
 Westover Field, Massachusetts, 29 May 1941
 Pendleton Field, Oregon, 27 January 1942
 Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona, 13 May 1942
 Geiger Field, Washington, 4 July 1942
 Ephrata Army Air Base, Washington, 1 December 1942
 Blythe Army Air Base, California, 7 December 1942
 Salinas Army Air Base, California, c. 29 May 1943
 Operated from Kern County Airport, Bakersfield, California, 22 June – 13 July 1943

 Blythe Army Air Base, California, 13 July 1943 – c. 2 April 1944
 RAF Mendlesham (AAF-156), England, 23 April 1944 – 24 July 1945
 Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota, c. 13 – 28 August 1945
 Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio, 25 January – 1 October 1969
 Phan Rang Air Base, South Vietnam, October 1969
 Nakhon Phanom Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand, 25 August 1971 – 31 December 1972
 Edwards Air Force Base, California, 15 July 1991 – 1 April 1994
 Hurlburt Field, Florida, 1 April 1994 – present

Aircraft

 Stearman PT-17 Kaydet, 1941
 Consolidated LB-30B Liberator, 1941
 Douglas B-18 Bolo, 1941
 Boeing B-17C Flying Fortress, 1941–1943
 Boeing B-17D Flying Fortress, 1941–1943
 North American B-25 Mitchell, 1943–1944
 Consolidated B-24H Liberator, 1943–1944
 Consolidated B-24J Liberator, 1943–1944
 Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress, 1944–1945
 Fairchild AC-119K Stinger, 1969–1972
 Lockheed AC-130H/U Spectre/Spooky, 1991–1994; 1994 – present
 Lockheed MC-130P Combat Shadow, 1994 – present
 Sikorsky MH-53 Pave Low, 1994 – present.
 Lockheed MC-130E/H Combat Talon, 1994 – present.
 Bell Boeing CV-22 Osprey, 1996 – present

See also

References

Notes
 Explanatory notes

 Citations

Bibliography

External links

Military units and formations in Florida
018


Larry Wruck (born October 29, 1962) is a Canadian professional former linebacker who played twelve seasons for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League winning two Grey Cups.

Wruck began playing Canadian football with the Saskatoon Tinklers in the Kinsmen Tackle League in 1975 and won championships all four years at Evan Hardy Collegiate, winning the Saskatoon junior championship in 1976 and the Saskatchewan high school championship in 1977, 1978, and 1979.

He joined the Saskatoon Hilltops in 1980, winning the rookie of the year award in 1980, leading the Prairie Junior Football Conference in tackles in both 1981 and 1982, and, in 1982, was named an all-star, won the outstanding linebacker award in the conference, and the Canadian Junior Football League's Outstanding Defensive Player of the Year trophy. In 2007, the CJFL's Outstanding Defensive Player of the Year trophy was renamed the Larry Wruck Award in his honour.

Wruck spent two seasons in the Saskatchewan Roughriders' training camps before being traded to the Edmonton Eskimos at the start of the 1985 CFL season. Between 1985 and  Wruck played 213 games and recorded a total of 667 tackles, 32 sacks, 15 interceptions, and 19 fumble recoveries.

He appeared in five Grey Cup games, winning in 1987 and 1993. Wruck was named a West Division All-Star in , was named the Eskimos' most outstanding Canadian player five times, and was runner-up for the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award in the  and 1995 seasons.

Notes

1962 births
Living people
Canadian football linebackers
Edmonton Elks players
Players of Canadian football from Saskatchewan
Canadian football people from Saskatoon


Southern Cross Healthcare may refer to:
Southern Cross Healthcare Group (New Zealand), a health insurance and hospital operator
Southern Cross Healthcare (United Kingdom), a former operator of rest and care homes


Mor Julius Yeshu Cicek (born Julius Yeshu Çiçek; 1 January 1942 in Kafro `Elayto, Tur Abdin, Turkey – died 29 October 2005 in Düsseldorf, Germany) was the first Syriac Orthodox Church archbishop for Central Europe. In his book Mardutho d Suryoye, he advocated an Aramean identity. He wrote over one hundred works, some of them in Aramaic.

Life
Julius Yeshu Çiçek was the son of the Syriac Orthodox priest Barsaumo (1908 - 1993) and his wife Bath Qyomo Sayde († 1991). At age nine, he went to the seminary of Deyr-ul-Za'faran, where he studied Syriac, Turkish, Arabic and theology. After 1958 he was ordained as a deacon and secretary of the later metropolitan Mor Philoxenos Yuhanon Dolabani. Later, he entered the monastery of Mor Cyriacus in the region Bsheriye (Bitlis) and became involved in the search of surviving Syriac and Armenian Christians after the 1915 genocide.

In 1960, he became a novice in the monastery of Mor Gabriel and taught there at the theological seminary. Yeshu Çiçek was elected abbot and in 1969 he was ordained as Bishop of Tur Abdin by Mor Iwannis Ephrem Bilgic. After living in Damascus at the Seminary of Mor Ephrem at Atshane in Lebanon, and in the Holy Land, he came to Germany. After a layover in 1975 - 1977 in the United States, on the advice of the local Metropolitan Mar Samuel he returned to Europe, to Hengelo. In 1977 the Holy Synod  elected him  patriarchal vicar for the Diocese of Central and Eastern Europe. He built a hall for a new Syriac Orthodox church of St. John the Evangelist, later consecrated by the Patriarch Ignatius Jacob III.

On 24 June 1979 Patriarch Jacob III consecrated him with the name Mor Julius. In 1984, Mor Julius bought the former Catholic monastery of St. Ephrem in Losser, Netherlands, and established it as the seat of the Archbishop. The church had three large monasteries near Enschede in the Netherlands, in Arth in Switzerland and in Warburg in Germany. In the monasteries he founded, he built schools and trained clerics in the tradition of their church.

Mor Julius published significant scientific contributions to the Church in Bar Hebraeus-Verlag, which published more than 100 books related to the Syrian Orthodox liturgy, Bible, history, etc. in Syriac and in European languages.

Mor Julius participated in ecumenical dialogues with the Catholic Church in the Pro Oriente and accompanied Patriarch Ignatius Zakka I Iwas during his historic visit to Rome in 1984, where a Joint Declaration with Pope John Paul II was signed.

He was buried on 5 November 2005 in his diocesan headquarters of the Monastery of St. Ephrem the Syrian in , Netherlands.

References

External links

 Biography of Julius Yeshu Çiçek
 books published by Julius Yeshu Çiçek

1942 births
Syriac Orthodox Church bishops
Oriental Orthodoxy in Europe
Oriental Orthodoxy in Germany
Turkish Oriental Orthodox Christians
2005 deaths
Tur Abdin


This is a List of notable former students of the school Haileybury in Keysborough, Brighton and Berwick, Victoria, Australia. They are known in the school as "Old Haileyburians".

Academia
 Professor Jeff Borland – Professor of Economics at the University of Melbourne
 Professor Roderick Weir Home – Senior Lecturer, Foundation Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at The University of Melbourne and Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities, awarded the Academy Medal of The University of Melbourne
 Professor David Lowe – Professor of History at Deakin University
 Professor Julian Savulescu – Professor of Ethics at Oxford University

Clergy
 Gregor Henderson – President of the Uniting Church in Australia

Media, entertainment and the arts

 Rahart Adams – Actor
 Jamie Blanks – Film Director
 John Carmichael – Noted composer and pianist
 Kim Dalton – Head of ABC Television
 Adam Elliot – Academy Award winning animation artist
 Richard Franklin – Hollywood Director; Patrick, Psycho II and Roadgames
 William Franklyn – Renowned actor and voice artist
 Ian Henderson – Anchorman for the ABC
 Jeremy Kewley – Actor
 Robert Menzies – Actor
 Ross Wilson – Rock musician
 Georgie Lockhead – Screenwriter and producer

Law
 Sir Wilfred Fullagar – Justice of the High Court of Australia and Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
 Lex Lasry – Judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria
 Simon Molesworth –  Acting Judge of the Land and Environment Court of New South Wales (2017), environmental and planning lawyer, company director, Chairman of the Steering Committee, previously Chairman of the Australian Council of National Trusts
 Ross Sundberg – Judge of the Federal Court of Australia

Military

 Rupert Downes – Major General of Medical Services in the Australian Army and world-renowned Surgeon
 Jack Hazlitt – Renowned World War I Veteran
 Charles Henry Langtree – Lieutenant in the British Army during World War I, and AFL Footballer with Collingwood

Politics
 Tim Holding – Former Victorian Labor MLA for Springvale 1999-2002 & Lyndhurst 2002-2013.
 Martin Pakula – Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria
 Alan Tudge – Liberal Party of Australia Federal MP for Aston 2010-2023
 Nick Wakeling – Victorian Liberal MLA for Ferntree Gully 2010-

Sport

 Karl Amon – AFL Footballer, Port Adelaide Football Club
 Warren Ayres – Cricketer for Melbourne CC. ( Captain) Victoria Sheffield Shield
 Josh Battle – AFL Footballer, St Kilda Football Club
 Aiden Bonar – AFL Footballer, North Melbourne Football Club
 Alice Burke – AFLW Footballer, St Kilda Football Club
 Andrew Brayshaw – AFL Footballer, Fremantle Football Club
 Angus Brayshaw – AFL Footballer, Melbourne Football Club
 Hamish Brayshaw – AFL Footballer, West Coast Eagles
 Brett Collins – AFL Footballer, drafted to Hawthorn in 2006.
 Kieran Collins – AFL Footballer, Western Bulldogs
 Charlie Constable – AFL Footballer, Geelong Football Club
 Luke Davies-Uniacke – AFL Footballer, North Melbourne Football Club
 Tory Dickson – AFL Footballer, Western Bulldogs
 Isabella Eddey – AFLW Footballer, North Melbourne Football Club
 Stuart Edwards – AFL Footballer, Richmond Football Club
 Nathan Freeman – AFL Footballer, St Kilda
 Jack Gunston – AFL Footballer, Adelaide Football Club & Hawthorn Football Club
 Brett Harrop – Cricketer for Victoria cricket team
 Gerry Hazlitt – Test Cricketer for Australia
 Ian Herman – AFL Footballer, Carlton Football Club
 Jon Holland – Cricketer for Victoria cricket team
 Paul Hopgood – AFL Footballer, Melbourne Football Club
 Jack Hutchins – AFL Footballer, Gold Coast Football Club
 Phillip Hyde – Cricketer for Victoria cricket team
 Ben King – AFL Footballer, Gold Coast Football Club
 Max King – AFL Footballer, St Kilda Football Club
 James Magner – AFL Footballer, Melbourne
 Stefan Martin – AFL Footballer, Melbourne & Brisbane Lions
 Jarred Moore – AFL Footballer, Sydney Swans
 Brett Moyle – AFL Footballer, St Kilda
 Steven O'Dor – Young Socceroos and Wellington Phoenix soccer player
 James Pattinson – Test cricketer for Australia
Oscar Piastri – Formula 1 driver for McLaren
 Cameron Polson – AFL Footballer, Carlton Football Club
 Hugo Ralphsmith – AFL Footballer, Richmond Football Club
 Sean Ralphsmith – AFL Footballer, St Kilda Football Club, Hawthorn Football Club
 Robert Rose – AFL Footballer, Collingwood Football Club & Footscray Football Club, Cricketer for Victoria
 Laetisha Scanlan – Australian Athlete, Sport Shooting and Gold Medalist at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and 2018 Commonwealth Games
 Arthur Scott – AFL Footballer, St Kilda
 Jack Scrimshaw – AFL Footballer, Hawthorn Football Club
 Tom Scully – AFL Footballer, Greater Western Sydney Giants & Hawthorn
 Sam Sheldon – AFL Footballer, Brisbane Lions
 Alex Silvagni – AFL Footballer, Fremantle Football Club
 Ashley Smith – AFL Footballer, West Coast Eagles
 Dylan Smith – AFL Footballer, Fremantle & North Melbourne Football Club
 Robert Stone – Australian Athlete, member of the Australian Olympic Team at the 1988 Seoul Olympics
 James Thiessen – AFL Footballer, Adelaide Crows
 Shane Valenti – AFL Footballer, Melbourne Football Club
 Ty Vickery – AFL Footballer, Richmond
 Brett Voss – AFL Footballer, St Kilda
 Cody Weightman – AFL Footballer, Western Bulldogs Football Club
 Marcus Windhager – AFL Footballer, St Kilda Football Club

Other
 Basil George Watson — Pioneer Australian aviator

See also
 List of schools in Victoria
 List of high schools in Victoria
 List of largest Victorian Schools
Associated Public Schools of Victoria

References

External links
 Haileybury College website
 Old Haileyburians Association

Haileybury College
Haileybury College
Haileybury
People educated at Haileybury (Melbourne)
 List


Antônio Teodoro dos Santos Filho (born 29 May 1965), commonly known as Toninho dos Santos or simply Toninho, is a former footballer who played as a forward. He was nicknamed El Bíblico ("The Biblical").

Early life
Toninho was born on 29 May 1965 in Ivaiporã, Paraná, Brazil, to Antonio and Marcilia; he has five siblings. Aged 14, he began his youth career at Athletico Paranaense. Toninho played for various other local clubs, before joining Luis Ángel Firpo in El Salvador.

Club career
Nicknamed El Bíblico ("The Biblical"), Toninho began his senior career at Salvadoran Luis Ángel Firpo, playing there between 1988 and 1989. In 1989 he moved to Costa Rican club Herediano, before moving back to Luis Ángel Firpo in 1990. Between 1990 and 1992 Toninho played for Mexican club América; he helped them lift the 1991 Copa Interamericana against Olimpia from Paraguay.

Between 1992 and 1993 he played for Deportivo Cali in Colombia, then for Colo-Colo in Chile in 1994, scoring 28 goals in 50 games in all competitions and helping the team win the 1994 Copa Chile. Toninho played for Puebla in Mexico and Tolima in Colombia in 1995, then for Colombian teams Junior, Deportivo Cali, and Bucaramanga 1996. In 1997 Toninho moved to his native Brazil, playing for Fluminense.

In 1997 Toninho moved from South America to the Middle East, playing for Saudi club Al-Ittihad 1997–98, Emirati club Al-Jazira in 1998–99, Lebanese club Al-Ansar in 1999–2000, and Qatari club Al-Gharafa in 2000–01. He returned to South America in 2002, playing for Águila in El Salvador until 2003, before playing for Blooming in Bolivia in 2004, where he retired.

Personal life
Toninho has two children: Bruno, born in Mexico, and Janahyna. Following his retirement as a player in 2004, he opened his shoe business named "Tomate Azul".

As of 2020, Toninho was in the process of acquiring Salvadoran nationality.

Honours
América
 Copa Interamericana: 1991

Colo-Colo
 Copa Chile: 1994

Ansar
 Lebanese Federation Cup: 1999
 Lebanese Super Cup: 1999

Individual
 Lebanese Premier League top scorer: 1999–2000

Notes

References

External links

 Toninho dos Santos at Globo Esporte's Futpédia

1965 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from Paraná (state)
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian emigrants to El Salvador
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Club Athletico Paranaense players
C.D. Luis Ángel Firpo footballers
Club América footballers
Colo-Colo footballers
Club Puebla players
Fluminense FC players
C.D. Águila footballers
Club Blooming players
Deportivo Cali footballers
Al Ansar FC players
Chilean Primera División players
Liga MX players
Lebanese Premier League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Chile
Expatriate men's footballers in Mexico
Expatriate men's footballers in Bolivia
Expatriate men's footballers in Colombia
Expatriate men's footballers in El Salvador
Expatriate men's footballers in Lebanon
Men's association football midfielders
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Lebanon
Lebanese Premier League top scorers
People from Ivaiporã


Joseph "Smokey" Johnson Jr. (November 14, 1936 – October 6, 2015) was an American drummer. He was one of the musicians, session players, and songwriters who served as the backbone for New Orleans' output of jazz, funk, blues, soul, and R&B music.

Life and career
Born to Joseph Johnson Sr. and Rinda Williams, Johnson grew up in the Tremé neighborhood of New Orleans, a community rich in jazz history. He started on trombone at an early age and took lessons from Yvonne Busch, an influential music teacher who happened to be the Johnsons' neighbor. He switched to drums at age twelve. His first drum set was given to him by his grandfather. He attended Craig School and Clark High School where Yvonne Busch taught. He played in school bands. At age seventeen he started to perform professionally at local clubs including Club Tijuana, and toured with professional musicians during summers. After high school he joined James "Sugar Boy" Crawford’s band the Chapaka Shawee, also known as Cane Cutters. He also performed with Roy Brown and Red Tyler.

In 1957 Johnson joined Dave Bartholomew's band and replaced drummer Earl Palmer who had moved to Los Angeles. Johnson said he had learned a lot by watching Palmer play, and he noted the proficiency of New Orleans drummers in using the bass drum of a drum kit. He said in Bartholomew's band he had freedom and was expected to be creative. He was nicknamed "Smokey" after a bandmate joked about smoke coming out of his bass drum at a performance. He became an in demand session musician after the release of his first recording with Bartholomew's band. He was with the band from 1957 to around 1964 and performed on many recording sessions for Imperial Records. In 1963 Johnson's work with the band was featured as a soloist on the track "Portrait of a Drummer" in the album New Orleans House Party.

In 1963 Johnson and several prominent New Orleans musicians, including Earl King and Wardell Quezergue, went to Detroit and recorded at Motown Records. The objective was to market their music nationally. Due to contractual conflicts, very few of the recordings were released; however, Johnson's drumming left an impression on Berry Gordy and the Motown musicians. Johnson was asked to stay and recorded in Detroit for about two months. According to Earl King, Johnson's drumming style was of particular interest to Motown musicians, and according to both King and Eskew Reeder, over time Motown's sound was influenced by New Orleans music.

In late 1950s and 1960s, Johnson performed with Imperial recording artists such as Fats Domino, Earl King and Snooks Eaglin. He performed on Earl King's funk classic "Trick Bag" and on Professor Longhair's carnival classic "Big Chief". In 1964 he released a two-part single titled "It Ain't My Fault" as a leader. The song was developed over a drum cadence written years earlier by Johnson. The melody was developed in collaboration with Wardell Quezergue. According to Dan Phillips, the song is an early example of incorporating second line syncopation into pop music. The song has become a Mardi Gras and a brass band standard.

In 1960s Johnson was an in demand session musician and served as the house drummer for Quezergue's Nola Records. He released six double-sided singles as a leader. The tracks were later re-issued in a compilation album titled It Ain't My Fault. According to William Ruhlmann of AllMusic, the recordings define "a development from soul-jazz to funk" and are "a solid part of the history of New Orleans music."

In 1973 he joined Fats Domino's band. He had previously recorded with Domino as a session musician, however from 1973 to 1993 he toured with Domino on a full-time basis. On weekends when in New Orleans he performed straight-ahead jazz in local clubs with saxophonist Fred Kemp, pianist Ed Frank, bassist Erving Charles and others. The clubs included Kemp's Bar, Gerry's Club, Lu & Charlie's, and Joe’s Cozy Corner.

Over his career Johnson recorded on hundreds of New Orleans productions. In 1993 he suffered a debilitating stroke and stopped playing drums. In 1994 several tribute performances were organized in New Orleans in recognition of his career. In 2005 he was forced to leave his home in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. After the hurricane he resided at the Musicians' Village in the Upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans. Johnson died on October 6, 2015, after a long illness. He was survived by his wife Gwendolyn P. Johnson and children.

Covers
"It Ain't My Fault" has been recorded by Dejan's Olympia Brass Band, Rebirth Brass Band, Dirty Dozen Brass Band, Treme Brass Band, Charmaine Neville, Milton Batiste, Shane Theriot, Young Olympians, Ambrosia Brass Band, David Roe, Cole Prior Stevens, and Zydeco All-Stars. The song has also been sampled by Silkk the Shocker, Mystikal, Mariah Carey, DJ Melo-Mix and DJ Kid Fresh.

In 2010, the Preservation Hall Jazz Band recorded a new version of the song, with lyrics, to help raise relief funds for the BP Oil Spill. The song featured Mos Def, Trombone Shorty and Lenny Kravitz.

Royalty dispute
In late 1990s "It Ain't My Fault" was sampled by hip hop artist Silkk the Shocker. Silkk's work was further sampled on Mariah Carey's album Rainbow. Johnson and co-writer Wardell Quezergue had given 50 percent ownership to Tuff City Records and had made the label their agent. The royalties associated with Carey's use were estimated to be $300,000. In 2002 Johnson and Quezergue sued Tuff City for non-payment. Tuff City argued it had accrued significant losses associated with recuperating the royalties, but failed to provide convincing documents to support its argument. The court rejected Tuff City's argument and the case was settled in 2011.

References

1936 births
2015 deaths
American jazz drummers
American blues drummers
American rock drummers
Rhythm and blues drummers
American session musicians
African-American drummers
Rhythm and blues musicians from New Orleans
Songwriters from Louisiana
20th-century American drummers
American male drummers
Jazz musicians from New Orleans
20th-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians
African-American songwriters
20th-century African-American musicians
21st-century African-American people
American male songwriters


James West (born December 19, 1955) was a linebacker who played twelve seasons in the Canadian Football League for three teams. He won two Grey Cups for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Nicknamed Wild West, he played college football at Texas Southern University and trialled with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1984, before joining the Bombers during the 1985 season.

In 2016, he was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame.

References
4. Canadian Football Hall Of Fame

1957 births
Living people
American players of Canadian football
BC Lions players
Calgary Stampeders players
Canadian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Canadian football linebackers
Players of American football from Fort Worth, Texas
Texas Southern Tigers football players
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players


Rock Creek is a  tributary of the Kankakee River in the U.S. state of Illinois. It empties into the Kankakee River in Kankakee River State Park, northwest of Kankakee, Illinois. It starts in higher land and then drops into the Kankakee River Valley. Because of this, the river has cut through the rock, forming a gorge, most of which is in the state park. A trail in the park follows the creek. The Rock Creek waterfall is approximately  upstream from the main entrance of the state park and is on land owned by Camp Shaw-waw-nas-see, a private youth camp. The cliffs reach as much as  high in the area from the park entrance to the falls.

The stream is a very popular smallmouth bass fishing destination for many northern and central area Illinois residents. Twice per year, the Illinois DNR stocks trout in the creek as well, creating an opportunity for spin or fly fishing.

Other streams
The U.S. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) shows 12 streams named Rock Creek in the state of Illinois.

References

Kenneth J. Schoon, Calumet Beginnings, 2003

Rivers of Illinois
Rivers of Kankakee County, Illinois


The Natural Edge Project (TNEP) is an independent think-tank for sustainability based in Australia. TNEP contributes to leading research, case studies, tools, policies and strategies for achieving sustainable development across government and business. The non-profit TNEP receives mentoring and support from selected experts and leading organisations in Australia and internationally.  TNEP delivers short courses, workshops, and conference presentations to build industry experience and relationships. It has published the books Natural Capitalism by Amory Lovins (1999), described as "groundbreaking" by Habitat Australia, and The Natural Advantage of Nations edited by Karlson Hargroves and Michael H Smith (2005). The patron of TNEP is Sir Ninian Stephen, former Governor General of Australia.

The Natural Edge Project was the winner of the 2005 Banksia Award for Environmental Leadership Education and Training.  The Banksia Awards aims to recognise individuals and organisations for environmental excellence and innovation.

See also
Factor 5: Transforming the Global Economy through 80% Increase in Resource Productivity

References

External links
The Natural Edge Project

Environmental organisations based in Australia


Val Belcher (July 6, 1954 – September 12, 2010) was an American football offensive guard in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for the Ottawa Rough Riders and Winnipeg Blue Bombers. He was drafted in the third round of the 1977 NFL Draft by the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of Houston.

Early years
Belcher attended Reagan High School, before moving on to the University of Houston. He was a three-year starter, that began his career playing offensive guard, before moving to offensive tackle as a senior.

He was a part of the 1976 SWC championship team, receiving All-SWC and honorable mention All-American honors at the end of the season.

Professional career

Dallas Cowboys
Belcher was drafted by the Dallas Cowboys in the third round (81st overall) of the 1977 NFL Draft to play offensive guard. He was waived on August 30, 1977.

Ottawa Rough Riders (CFL)
In 1979, he signed with the Ottawa Rough Riders where he became a starter at right guard, a three-time East All-Star and a CFL All-Star (1980, 1981, 1982). He also was nominated three times for Most Outstanding Offensive lineman (1979, 1980, 1981). On July 21, 1983, he was the traded to the Winnipeg Blue Bombers.

Winnipeg Blue Bombers (CFL)
He played for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers for two more seasons, before retiring in November 1984, after the team won the Grey Cup.

Personal life
Following his retirement from professional football, Belcher began a highly successful career as a restaurant entrepreneur. In 1986, he founded the Lone Star Cafe restaurant with former Ottawa Rough Rider teammate Larry Brune in the Ottawa suburb of Nepean. Over the years, it expanded into a franchise business. It was renamed Lone Star Texas Grill, operating under the Lone Star Group of Companies. As of 2020, Lone Star Texas Grill operates over 20 locations across southern and eastern Ontario, including seven in the Greater Ottawa Area where it originated, as a family-style restaurant specializing in wood-fire grill fajitas, authentic Tex-Mex fare and frozen margaritas. In 2008, he opened a new restaurant, Big Easy’s Seafood & Steak House, in Ottawa (since closed).

Belcher died September 12, 2010, at the age of 56. He died from congestive heart failure while waiting for a heart transplant at the Ottawa Heart Institute. He was survived by his three children (Layne, Ashton and Meagan) and his life partner, Leslie Hines.

References

1954 births
2010 deaths
Canadian football offensive linemen
Ottawa Rough Riders players
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players
Houston Cougars football players
Players of Canadian football from Houston
Players of American football from Houston
Dallas Cowboys players


Emilinha Borba (August 31, 1923 in Rio de Janeiro – October 3, 2005) was a Brazilian singer and actress. She was named "Rainha do Rádio", "Queen of the Radio" in 1953. Borba endured for 30 years as a popular Brazilian radio singer and was noted for rumbas and sambas.

She visited London, UK in 1988 and was appointed the Madrinha (Godmother) of the London School of Samba. She also appeared with the LSS on its parade at the 1988 Notting Hill Carnival.

Selected filmography
Poeira de Estrelas (1948)

Web source

External links

1923 births
2005 deaths
20th-century Brazilian women singers
20th-century Brazilian singers


Southern Cross group, a collection of independent, health-oriented businesses in New Zealand, operates on not-for-profit principles and is New Zealand's largest non-public health care organisation. The Group's businesses include health insurance, private hospitals and healthcare, travel insurance and pet insurance. The Group encompasses the Southern Cross Medical Care Society and the Southern Cross Health Trust and their respective subsidiaries.

Early history
According to Peter A. Smith's The Private Prescription, which chronicles the history of Southern Cross, the group's origins can be traced back to the 1950s when the New Zealand private healthcare sector became concerned that the government contribution towards hospital costs of those opting for private care was not sufficient.

The President of the New Zealand Private Hospitals’ Association, Dr Jefcoate Harbutt, began to make “serious inquiries about the formation of a New Zealand health insurance organisation”. Dr Harbutt, along with Auckland chartered accountant Don Carnachan and a group of Auckland surgeons led by Dr Warwick Macky, set about establishing the organisation that would eventually become Southern Cross Medical Care Society, which was officially founded in May 1961.

Throughout the 1960s, Southern Cross’ growth was modest, but during 1970s it grew rapidly, putting pressure on private hospitals for more beds, theatre facilities and improved equipment and care. The Society was often approached by private hospitals for loans or redevelopment projects, which prompted the directors to think about whether the Society should be in the private hospitals business or establish an arms-length entity.

In 1977 the directors decided to set up a separate charitable trust capable of managing and operating hospitals, which became the Southern Cross Hospital Trust (later renamed Southern Cross Health Trust).

Southern Cross Medical Care Society
The Southern Cross Medical Care Society, trading as Southern Cross Health Society, is a friendly society and New Zealand's largest health insurer. The Health Society had 940,105 members as of October 2023, according to its 2023 annual report. This represented a 62% market share and more than 17% of New Zealand's population. The Health Society funded more than NZ$1.099b of healthcare services in the year to 30 June 2021, including 240,000 elective surgeries, or 73% of the country's health insurance claims. In the 2021 financial year, for every $1 of premium income, 87 cents was returned to members in claims for healthcare treatment. The Health Society also offers life insurance and corporate wellness programmes.

To better manage the impact of rising claims on the premiums members pay and make the claims process more seamless for members, the Health Society launched the Affiliated Provider (AP) programme in 1998. It contracts surgeons, specialists and facilities to provide members with certain procedures at agreed prices. The Society had more than 2,074 Affiliated Providers across 35 specialties in 2021.

In 2012, Southern Cross Benefits Limited acquired the pet insurance book of Ellenco Pet Insurance and re-launched the business as Southern Cross Pet Insurance in 2014. Since 2020, Southern Cross Pet Insurance has been operating under the Southern Cross Medical Care Society. As at 30 June 2017, Southern Cross Pet Insurance insured more than 21,000 cats and dogs.

Southern Cross Health Trust
The Southern Cross Health Trust is a Charitable Trust and owns:
 Southern Cross Healthcare
 Southern Cross Benefits Limited (trading as Southern Cross Travel Insurance)
Southern Cross Healthcare, established in 1979, is New Zealand's largest private hospital and healthcare network, with 24 wholly owned and joint-venture facilities that provided private healthcare services to 86,000 patients in wholly owned hospitals, JV hospitals and endoscopy clinics in the year to June 2019. This includes insurance-funded, public-funded and self-paying patients. Around 1000 surgeons and anaesthetists are credentialed to practice within Southern Cross Healthcare facilities.

Southern Cross Benefits Limited, established in 1982, operates as a direct-to-consumer travel-insurance business (Southern Cross Travel Insurance) that covered around 445,000 travellers in both New Zealand and Australia in the 2017 financial year.

As a charitable trust, the Southern Cross Health Trust reinvests any surpluses it makes and partners with several charities. Its charitable activities include making its hospitals' facilities, medical supplies and theatre staff available free-of-charge for charitable surgeries; funding a free mobile dental clinic that operates in the upper North Island; and supporting the New Zealand Dental Association, Dove Hospice and cancer support group Sweet Louise.

Auckland hospitals

 Southern Cross Hospital North Harbour () in Wairau Valley  has 59 beds.
 Southern Cross Auckland Surgical Centre () in Remuera has 17 beds, providing surgery only.
 Southern Cross Hospital Brightside () in Epsom has 43 beds.

Other hospitals
 Southern Cross Hospital Hamilton () in Hamilton East in Hamilton has 60 beds.
 Southern Cross Hospital Rotorua () in Springfield, Rotorua in Rotorua District has 17 beds.
 Southern Cross Hospital New Plymouth () in New Plymouth Central, New Plymouth District has 24 beds.
 Southern Cross Hospital Wellington () in Newtown, Wellington has 37 beds, and only provides surgical services.
 Southern Cross Hospital Christchurch () in Christchurch Central, Christchurch has 86 beds.
 Southern Cross Hospital Invercargill () in Invercargill Central, Invercargill has 26 beds.

References

External links
Southern Cross Healthcare Group (official company website)

Insurance companies of New Zealand
Health care companies of New Zealand
Hospital networks
Non-profit corporations


The Perth Cultural Centre is an area of central Perth, Western Australia, near the James Street Mall.

It is home to a number of cultural institutions including the Art Gallery of Western Australia, Western Australian Museum, State Library of Western Australia, State Records Office, State Theatre Centre of Western Australia, Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts, The Blue Room plus a number of coffee shops and bars.

The Perth Cultural Centre precinct is bound by Roe Street, Aberdeen Street, Beaufort Street and William Street in the suburb of Perth. A walkway  Gallery Walk, named to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the WA Art Gallery  connects the Cultural Centre to Perth railway station.

From 1 July 2018, the Perth Theatre Trust took over responsibility for the management and activation of the Perth Cultural Centre from the Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority.

Institutions

See also
Picabar, connected to the Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Perth, Western Australia
Tourist attractions in Perth, Western Australia
Culture in Perth, Western Australia
James Street, Northbridge


William Brazier (born October 17, 1983) is an American rugby league player who plays for the United States national rugby league team, USA Falcons, Old Blue Rugby Football Club in the Rugby Super League (US) and the Connecticut Wildcats in the American National Rugby League. His position of choice is at prop or hooker.

Brazier was selected to participate in the 2008 USA Rugby National Guard Senior Men's National All-Star Championship and was selected to the initial squad slated to play for USA Rugby at the 2007 Rugby World Cup.

Background
Will Brazier was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

Internationals
Brazier played for the USA Tomahawks representing the United States against Australia in rugby league at the 2004 Liberty Bell Cup.  In that game, the U.S. led 24-6 before losing 36-24 to the world’s best rugby league team.

Brazier currently plays for the USA Falcons in rugby union.

College Rugby
Brazier was a four-year member of the Fairfield University Men's Rugby Football Club. He was selected a USA Rugby Collegiate All-American in 2005 and a four-time New England Collegiate All- Star in 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005. Brazier received his bachelor's degree from Fairfield University in 2005.

Youth Rugby
Brazier began playing rugby during his senior year in high school for Fairfield Prep RFC. Soon thereafter, he was selected for the U.S. U19 team, where he gained four caps.

References

External links
USA Falcons Profile: William Brazier
Old Blue RFC Profile: Will Brazier

1983 births
Sportspeople from Bridgeport, Connecticut
American rugby league players
United States national rugby league team players
Fairfield University alumni
Connecticut Wildcats rugby league players
Living people
Fairfield College Preparatory School alumni


is a Buddhist temple belonging to the Myōshin-ji branch of the Rinzai school of Japanese Zen, Buddhism located in Mishima, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

History
Although temple records have been lost, the temple claims to have been founded by Kūkai in the Heian period at what is now Atago in Tokyo. It was converted to the Rinzai school in the Keicho era (1596 - 1615) and relocated to Mishima by Hakuin Ekaku in 1761. Although reconstructed in the early Meiji period, it had all but failed into ruins by the Taisho period, until revived by the efforts of Gempō Yamamoto.

Abbots
 Soen Nakagawa, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji until 1984
 Sochu Suzuki, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji 1984-1990
 Kyudo Nakagawa, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji 1990-2007
 Eizan Goto, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji since 2008

Western transmission
During the mid-twentieth century Ryūtaku-ji was led by a number of influential abbots, who encouraged and supported the study of Zen by Westerners. Most notable among these was Soen Nakagawa who was highly regarded as a calligrapher and haiku poet, often referred to as the "20th Century Bassho." Nakagawa's career included regular travel to the United States where he assisted in the founding of the New York Zendo Shobo-ji, and its training monastery in upstate New York. Nakagawa died in 1984 and his ashes were divided with part being interred at Ryūtaku-ji and part in New York.

Nakagawa was known for his enigmatic behavior derived from his dedication to ascetic and solitary Zen practice, and his rejection of the excessive formalism of the Zen hierarchy in Japan.

Kyudo Nakagawa was the abbot of Ryūtaku-ji (as well as Soho Zendo on West Broadway in New York City) up until his death in December 2007. Since January 2008, the new abbot of Ryūtaku-ji is Eizan Goto, who is also the Zen Master of Centre Assise, a meditation center near Paris (France).

Buddhist temples in Shizuoka Prefecture
Rinzai temples
Myoshin-ji temples
Mishima, Shizuoka


Los Chulos Son Pa' Cuidarlos is the first album recorded by Spanish singer Alejandro Sanz, known at the time as Alejandro Magno, with the label Hispavox. The record, which fused flamenco and techno, was met with critical and commercial indifference, and today Sanz views the record to be "insignificant". However, the album is now considered to be a collector's item. In an attempt to promote Los Chulos Son Pa' Cuidarlos, he performed at strip clubs, playing short sets between acts. This proved to be unsuccessful and Sanz took a break from music, choosing to study business administration.

Track listing
 Los Chulos Son Pa' Cuidarlos  – 2:50 (J.Torres, Sagrario, Deloina)
 Tomasa  – 2:54 (A.L. Arenas)
 El Apartamento  – 3:32 (J.Torres, Sagrario, Deloina)
 Se Busca un Lío  – 2:25 (A.L. Arenas)
 Doña Marina  – 3:35 (J. Torres, J. Alejandro, L. Tamora, J.L. Oliveros)
 Tom Sawyer  – 3:00 (Alejandro Sánchez)
 Señor Papa  – 3:29 (A.L. Arenas)
 Cuando Navegamos  – 3:24 (A.L. Arenas)
 Micaela  – 2:50 (A.L. Arenas)
 Ajaulili  – 3:17 (A.L. Arenas)

References

1989 debut albums
Alejandro Sanz albums


Pércival Antonio Piggott Cumming (born 23 November 1966 in Panama City, Panama) is a Panamanian former footballer who played professionally for clubs in Panama, El Salvador, Honduras and Costa Rica.

Club career
Piggott scored a goal but still was on the losing side in the 1989/89 Salvadoran league final with Cojutepeque, when they were beaten on penalties by Luis Ángel Firpo after the game ended 2-2 after extra time. He also played for Firpo twice, the second spell started in March 2001 when arriving from Panamanian club San Francisco. He played in Costa Rica for Herediano and in Honduras for Victoria and he returned to Costa Rica in August 2001 when he joined Municipal Liberia. He retired in 2007.

International career
Piggott made his debut for Panama in a May 1987 Olympic Games qualification match against El Salvador and has earned a total of 43 caps, scoring 2 goals. He represented his country in 15 FIFA World Cup qualification matches and played at the 1993 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

His final international was a November 2000 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Trinidad and Tobago.

International goals
Scores and results list Panama's goal tally first.

Managerial career
After retiring as a player, Piggott worked as a pundit for Panamanian TV. In March 2010, Piggott was appointed manager of Sporting San Miguelito.

Personal life
His son Romario Piggott joined his dad's former club Tauro from Chepo ahead of the 2015
Clausura.

References

External links

1966 births
Living people
Footballers from Panama City
Men's association football wingers
Panamanian men's footballers
Panama men's international footballers
1993 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Tauro F.C. players
C.D. Luis Ángel Firpo footballers
C.D. Victoria players
C.S. Herediano footballers
San Francisco F.C. players
A.D. Municipal Liberia footballers
Sporting San Miguelito players
Panamanian expatriate men's footballers
Panamanian expatriate sportspeople in El Salvador
Panamanian expatriate sportspeople in Honduras
Panamanian expatriate sportspeople in Costa Rica
Expatriate men's footballers in El Salvador
Expatriate men's footballers in Honduras
Expatriate men's footballers in Costa Rica
Panamanian football managers


Cazenga is a city and the most densely populated of the nine municipalities that make up the province of Luanda, Angola. It has a population of 892,401 (2014 census), with an estimated 1,045,722 in 2019, covering an area of 37 km2.

Administrative divisions
The municipality of Cazenga is made up of three communes:
 Cazenga
 Tala Hady
 Hoji Ya Henda

Transportation
Cazenga is the site of the workshops for the Luanda Railway.

Utilities
In a 1974 article American political scientist Gerald J. Bender wrote: "Another account of the sale of water to Africans can be found in the Luandan newspaper, Província de Angola. The article reported that water is sold in the slum of Cazenga at an average price of 2.5 escudos (about ten American cents) for five gallons. (The legal minimum daily wage for the district of Luanda in July 1974 was 25 escudos - about one American dollar-per day.)

See also
 Railway stations in Angola

References

Municipalities in Luanda
Populated places in Luanda Province
Slums in Africa


Park Sung-hee (Hangul: 박성희; born 17 February 1975) is a former tennis player from South Korea.

Career
Park who turned professional in 1989 won seven singles and seven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. In her career, she reached four doubles finals on the WTA Tour but always ended runner-up. Her best Grand Slam performances came in doubles, reaching the round of 16 at the 1996 French Open, 1997 Australian Open, and the 1998 Australian Open, all partnering with Wang Shi-ting. She reached career-high rankings of No. 34 in doubles (in June 1998) and No. 57 in singles (in September 1995).

Park played in nine years 34 ties for the South Korea Fed Cup team, with a 30–14 record overall and 24–12 in singles, all team records. She retired from the tour in 2000.

WTA career finals

Doubles: 4 (4 runner-ups)

ITF finals

Singles: 13 (7–6)

Doubles: 15 (7–8)

References

External links

1975 births
South Korean female tennis players
Olympic tennis players for South Korea
Tennis players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Living people
Asian Games medalists in tennis
Tennis players at the 1994 Asian Games
Tennis players at the 1998 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1994 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games
Asian Games bronze medalists for South Korea
Asian Games silver medalists for South Korea
Sportspeople from Busan


International development aid is given by many non-private donors. The first table is based on official development assistance (ODA) figures published by the OECD for members of its Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Non-DAC members included in the OECD's publishing are listed separately.

Luxembourg made the largest contribution as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) at 1.05% and the United Nations’ ODA target of 0.7% of GNI was also exceeded by Norway (1.02%), Sweden (0.99%) and Denmark (0.71%). The European Union accumulated a higher portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union.

The United States is a small contributor relative to GNI (0.18% 2016) but is the largest single DAC donor of ODA in 2019 (US$34.6 billion), followed by Germany (0.6% GNI, US$23.8 billion), the United Kingdom (0.7%, US$19.4 billion), Japan (0.2%, US$15.5 billion) and France (0.4%, US$12.2 billion). Many providers beyond the DAC have long traditions of development cooperation. Amongst these, according to the preliminary figures for 2019 reported to the OECD, Turkey exceeded the 0.7% ODA/GNI target with 1.15%.

Net official development assistance by donor
To qualify as official development assistance, a contribution must contain three elements:
Be undertaken by the official sector (that is, a government or government agency);
With promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective;
At concessional financial terms (that is, with favorable loan terms.)

Thus, by definition, ODA does not include private donations.

The sum of contributions by EU member states, considered separately from EU institutions, was $73.80 billion.

The OECD's Development Assistance Committee members' total budget reached 152.8 billion dollars and was contributed by the following donors in 2019:

Development Assistance by DAC Members

Development Assistance by Non-DAC members
Non-DAC members reported the following figures:

See also
 List of countries by Official Development Assistance received

References

Bibliography

External links

Lists of countries by economic indicator
Contributions to foreign aid by country
Aid

Lists of countries by population-related issue