Spirit of Purity is the debut album by the Swedish Christian black metal band Sanctifica, released on Little Rose Productions and Rivel Records in March 2000.  With this album the band established itself as one of the leading Christian black metal bands of the early 2000s (decade), representing technical and chaotic style.  Considered by many as the band's best album, Spirit of Purity was well received by both the press and fans, although the style quickly earned Sanctifica their "Emperor clone" label, which the band later tried to escape by switching the music style. Music videos were shot for the songs "The Dark Desires" and "Spirit of Purity," released on the video compilation Power from the Sky.

Recording
With the line up consisting of Hubertus Liljegren (vocals, guitar), Jonathan Jansson (bass), Henrik Georgsson (guitar), Aron Engberg (keyboard), and Daniel Thelin (drums), Spirit of Purity was recorded at Studio Berghem in 1999, produced and engineered by Mick Nordström and Sanctifica. Guest vocals on "The Wanderer" were performed by Per Hagström. The album was published by Finnish Little Rose Productions in March 2002 and Rivel Records. The album was distributed by House of Kicks Distribution.

Two of the album's songs are sung in Swedish, "Riket" and "Allhärskaren", although all the lyrics are printed in English in the booklet. Sonically, the album is chaotic, emphasizing on melodic, technical tremolo riffing, very fast tempos, full soundscapes with keyboards and blast beats mixed to the background. "Riket (The Empire)" begins with a haunting, wintery keyboard intro before starting the black metal output. Some songs such as "Allhärskaren" focus more on the groovy, melodic songstructures, while others such as "The Wanderer" take a slightly more progressive approach. The lyrics deal with themes of grief and Christianity.

The album was considered an improvement over the band's debut EP In the Bleak Midwinter, gaining positive reviews from the press, and earned the band a devoted fanbase. Some considered the album to be too chaotic, while some called it a "masterpiece."

Track listing
"Riket (The Empire)" - 4:35
"The Dark Desires" - 3:51
"Released From Pain" - 4:24
"Spirit of Purity" - 6:38
"Allhärskaren" - 5:19
"Landscape" - 3:14
"The Dark Embrace of Night" - 4:57
"The Wanderer" - 4:30

References

External links
Spirit of Purity at Metal-Archives
"The Dark Desires"  video at YouTube

2000 debut albums
Sanctifica albums


Dikgonnye is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. The village is located 40 km north-west of Mochudi, and it has a primary school. The population was 431 in 2011 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


The Itals are a Jamaican reggae vocal group formed in 1976 by Alvin "Keith" Porter, Lloyd Ricketts, and Ronnie Davis (formerly a member of The Tennors), all of whom had previously also recorded as solo artists. All three had worked together in the late 1960s in The Westmorelites. The group recorded several albums through the late 1970s and 1980s, with Ronnie Davis going on to a successful solo career in 1997 as Ronnie Davis and Idren. The Itals' debut single, "In A Dis Ya Time", is regarded as the group's finest work, and topped the Jamaican chart. 1987's Rasta Philosophy was nominated for a Grammy Award as Best Reggae Album. The line-up has changed over the years, with former solo artist David Isaacs joining in 1987 when Ricketts was sentenced to a prison term, preventing him from travelling to the United States. Davis left the group in 1994, and was replaced by Porter's daughter Kada. The Itals continued to tour in 2009 in support of the newly released "Let Them Talk". In 2011 original member Lloyd Ricketts was able to obtain a work permit and performed two shows with Keith and Ronnie before his death. Ronnie Davis stepped away from The Itals again in 2012 and reunited with the Rocksteady group The Tennors, but Keith continues to tour with two of his children, Darien Porter and Kada Porter, providing harmonies. Keith will be releasing "Mind Over Matter", the remastered compilation of 22 early Itals songs and a solo album of reggae covers of classic R&B songs, called "Let's Get it On" in July 2015.

Albums
The Early Recordings: 1971-1979 (1984) Ital Music
Brutal Out Deh (1981) Ital Music
Give Me Power! (1983) Ital Music
Rasta Philosophy (1986) Ital Music
Cool and Dread (1989) Ital Music
Easy to Catch (1991) Rhythm Safari
Modern Age (1998) RAS
Mi Livity (2003) Ital Music
Let Dem Talk (2009) Ital Music
Mind Over Matter (2015) Ital Music
Get It On(2015) Ital Music
Ital Music(2020) Ital Music
COMPILATION
In A Dis Ya Time (2008) VP Records

References
Contracts possessed by Suelion Music, the Itals manager

External links
The Itals at Roots Archives

Jamaican reggae musical groups


Kgomodiatshaba is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. The village is located around 110 km north of Mochudi, and it has a primary school. The population was 330 in 2001 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


Over Wallop is a small village and civil parish in the Test Valley district of Hampshire, England. The village lies close to the border with Wiltshire, approximately  northwest of Stockbridge.

Over Wallop is the westernmost of the three villages collectively known as The Wallops, the other two being Middle Wallop and Nether Wallop. The name "Wallop" derives from the Old English words  and hop, which taken together roughly mean "the valley of springing water". Over Wallop was described in the Domesday Book as the 'other Wallop', smaller than Nether Wallop.

Over Wallop contains the spring that sources a small river known by locals as “The Brook”. “The Brook” is a tributary of the River Test.

A  linear earthwork and flint mines are located in the parish. The earthwork, known as the Quarley High Linear band and ditch, was constructed  245 ± 155 BC. The flint mines date to 3983 ± 106 BC.

Amenities
Over Wallop has a small village shop and a family run pub “The White Hart”.
The village also has two playing fields, one referred to as “The cricket field” and the other a park next to Evans Close.
Anyone who lives in Over Wallop is inside the catchment area for The Wallops Primary School and Test Valley School.
Over Wallop also has many bridle tracks for horses.
The parish of Over Wallop is in the Diocese of Winchester. St Peter's parish church is of 12th-century origin, but has Victorian features.

Further reading
 Anon St Peter's Over Wallop Hampshire: Guide Book

External Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vx1llFL0GvA

References

Villages in Hampshire


Artisia, also known as Mosomane or Artesia, is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located around 55 km north of Mochudi, along the Gaborone-Mahalapye road. The population was 1,462 in 2001 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


Fighting With Buffalo Bill is a 1926 American silent Western film serial directed by Ray Taylor for Universal Pictures. The film is now considered to be lost.

Plot

Cast
 Wallace MacDonald as Ned Wheeler
 Elsa Benham as Doris Carberry
 Edmund Cobb as Buffalo Bill Cody
 Robert Homans as Caleb Crosby
 Cuyler Supplee as Bart Crosby
 Grace Cunard as Lola
 Howard Truesdale as Carberry
 Nelson McDowell as Lem Brady
 Harry Blake as The Boy

Chapter titles
Westward
The Red Menace
The Blazing Arrow
The Death Trap
The Renegade
The Race for Life
Buried Alive
Desperate Chances
The Shadow of Evil
At the End of the Trail

See also
 List of American films of 1926
 List of film serials
 List of film serials by studio
 List of lost films
 In the Days of Buffalo Bill (1922)
 With Buffalo Bill on the U. P. Trail (1926)

References

External links

1926 films
1926 lost films
1926 directorial debut films
1926 Western (genre) films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Cultural depictions of Buffalo Bill
Films directed by Ray Taylor
Lost American Western (genre) films
Silent American Western (genre) films
Universal Pictures film serials
Films with screenplays by George H. Plympton
1920s American films


Oodi or Odi is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located 20  km north-east of Gaborone. The population was 5,687 in 2011 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


Sir Richard Knightley KB (1617–1661), of Fawsley in Northamptonshire, was an English Member of Parliament (MP).

A member of Gray's Inn, Knightley was a member of a prominent Northamptonshire family who had married (in about 1637) Elizabeth Hampden, daughter of John Hampden, the leading opponent of Charles I. His cousin, also called Richard, had been MP for Northamptonshire and one of Hampden's parliamentary allies before the King dismissed Parliament in 1629. Like the rest of his family, Knightley's religious inclinations were Puritan.

When Parliament was at last summoned once more in 1640, Knightley was elected MP for Northampton. He aligned himself with the opposition, and it was at Fawsley that John Pym and other leading anti-Royalists met, presumably to discuss policy, after the dissolution of the Short Parliament. He represented Northampton again in the Long Parliaments, adhering to the Parliamentary cause when civil war broke out, and sat until he was excluded in Pride's Purge. He subsequently represented Northamptonshire in the Parliament of 1659. In 1660 he was a member of the council which arranged the recall of Charles II, and was MP for St Germans in the Convention Parliament.

As a mark of gratitude, Charles made Knightley a Knight of the Bath in June 1661, but he died shortly afterwards. His contemporary Edmund Ludlow suggested that the "popish and superstitious ceremonyes" involved in admission to the Order contributed to his death, as he
having some remaynder of conscience, scrupled for a while the bowing at the altar, and, being prevayled with to doe it, was so troubled for having done it that (as it was supposed) it was a meanes to shorten his dayes."

References
 Concise Dictionary of National Biography (1930)
 D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
 J T Cliffe, The Puritan Gentry Besieged 1650-1700 (Routledge, 1993)

1617 births
1661 deaths
English MPs 1640 (April)
English MPs 1640–1648
English MPs 1659
Knights of the Bath


Pamber End is a hamlet in north Hampshire, England. Located south of Tadley..

Governance
Pamber End is part of the civil parish of Pamber (where the 2011 civil parish was included), which covers Pamber Heath, Pamber End, Pamber Green and Little London. The parish council meets in Pamber Heath Memorial Hall and St. Stephen's Hall, Little London.

Pamber End is within the ward of Pamber and Sichester, part of Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council which returns two councillors to the borough council. The borough council is a Non-metropolitan district of Hampshire County Council. All three councils are responsible for different aspects of local government.

References

Villages in Hampshire


The 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon were held on November 4, 2008, to determine who will represent the state of Oregon in the United States House of Representatives, coinciding with the presidential and senatorial elections. Representatives are elected for two-year terms those elected will be serving in the 111th Congress from January 3, 2009 until January 3, 2011.

Oregon has five seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States Census. Its 2007–2008 congressional delegation consisted of four Democrats and one Republican. This remains unchanged although CQ Politics had forecasted district 5 to be at some risk for the incumbent party earlier in the year.

A primary election for Democrats and Republicans was held on May 20. To be eligible for the primaries, candidates had to file for election by March 11. Other parties had other procedures for nominating candidates.

Overview

District 1

Democratic incumbent David Wu has represented Oregon's 1st congressional district since 1998 and is the Democratic nominee in 2008, defeating Will Hobbs and Mark Welyczko in the primary. Hobbs, a political novice, earned some attention late in the race, by winning the endorsements of major newspapers The Oregonian and Willamette Week. He won 16.7% of the vote to Wu's 78.0%.

In the Republican primary, Joel Haugen defeated pathologist Claude W. Chappell IV, but later withdrew his acceptance of the Republican nomination after his endorsement of Democrat Barack Obama for President drew objections from Republican party leaders.

Democratic primary

Candidates

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Results

General election

Candidates

Results

District 2

Incumbent Republican Greg Walden has represented Oregon's 2nd congressional district since 1998 and was unopposed for the Republican nomination in 2008. In the general election, he faced Democrat Noah Lemas, a small business owner, Richard Hake of the Constitution Party of Oregon and Pacific Green Party candidate Tristin Mock.

Democratic primary

Candidates

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Results

General election

Candidates

Results

District 3

Incumbent Democrat Earl Blumenauer has represented Oregon's 3rd congressional district since 1996 and was the Democratic nominee in 2008, defeating TV co-host John Sweeney and retired utility worker and peace activist Joseph "Lone Vet" Walsh in the primary. In the general election, he faced Republican Delia Lopez, a real estate investor, and Pacific Green Party candidate Michael Meo.

Democratic primary

Candidates

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Results

General election

Candidates

Results

District 4

Incumbent Democrat Peter DeFazio has represented Oregon's 4th congressional district since 1986 and was unopposed for the Democratic nomination in 2008. He was being challenged in the general election by Constitution Party member Jaynee Germond and Pacific Green Mike Beilstein, a research chemist. CQ Politics forecasted the race as 'Safe Democrat'.

Democratic primary

Candidates

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Results

General election

Candidates

Results

District 5

In February 2008, Democrat Darlene Hooley, who had represented Oregon's 5th congressional district since 1996, announced that she would not seek re-election in 2008. The race to replace her was expected to be one of the most competitive in the nation, since the district contained about 2,000 more Republicans than Democrats at that time.

There were two major factors for the competitiveness of the race: first, the demographics of the district had changed dramatically. In June, there were 20,000 more registered Democrats than Republicans in the district, a net swing of 22,000 voters since February. Secondly, Republican nominee Erickson won a contentious primary in which an opponent, Kevin Mannix, raised an allegation that Erickson paid for a former girlfriend's abortion. The girlfriend subsequently went public with the information, but Erickson denied knowledge of the event. Mannix refused to endorse Erickson in the general election.

Democratic nominee Kurt Schrader won against Republican nominee Mike Erickson, 166,070 (54.3%) to 116,418 (38.3%). Also competing were Libertarian nominee Steve Milligan, Constitution nominee Douglas Patterson, Pacific Green nominee Alex Polikoff, and Independent Sean Bates.

Democratic primary

Candidates

Results

Republican primary

Candidates

Results

General election

Candidates

Results

See also
 United States House of Representatives elections, 2008
 United States presidential election in Oregon, 2008
 United States Senate election in Oregon, 2008
 Oregon state elections, 2008

References

External links
U.S. Congress candidates for Oregon at Project Vote Smart
Oregon U.S. House Races from 2008 Race Tracker
Campaign contributions for Oregon congressional races from OpenSecrets

2008
Oregon
United States House of Representatives


Madura cattle or Madurese cattle () are a stable, inbred hybrid of Zebu and Banteng (Bos javanicus). They originated from the island of Madura just northeast of Java, in Indonesia where the original cattle population was the wild Banteng, very similar to Balinese cattle. Sinhala cattle, a Zebu breed from Sri Lanka, were introduced more than 1500 years ago, and the crossbreeds between the two was found to be better in body size than either of the original breeds. Some sources say the Zebu component was Ongole Cattle from India. The coloration is reddish brown with non-specific white patterning on the back and rump. They are a small breed, bulls having a mature weight of 250 to 300 kg, it is used for racing by the locals and are sometimes called the dancing cattle. In 2002 the population was estimated by the FAO at 900,000. Efforts are being made to conserve the breed on Sapudi island.

Madurese bull racing

In bull racing two bulls are yoked together, pulling a small sled on which the driver attempts to balance over a hundred-metre course.

References

Beef cattle breeds
Cattle breeds originating in Indonesia
Cattle crossbreeds


The Bachelor of Aviation is a bachelor's degree for studies within the aviation industry. In the United States, it takes an average of four to six years to complete this degree.  There are multiple areas of concentration that a student can specify when going to college.

In India, Bachelor of Aviation courses take an average of three years to complete, with the most highly sought course being a BBA Aviation course.

Jobs
Students that study this degree pursue jobs in the aviation industry. This degree can train students in engineering, electronics, flying aircraft, managing air traffic, aircraft maintenance, aviation business, and more. Careers are available in all fields of the aviation industry, including pilots, air traffic control, airport and airline management, aircraft dispatching, aircraft maintenance, and more.  Some of the more specific jobs in aviation include:

Aerospace Engineer
Air traffic controller
Airport management and administration
Airport operations
Airport security
Airline Management
Aviation Safety Representative
Flight dispatcher
Airline Crew Support
Airline Pilot
Flight Instructor
Aircraft Maintenance Technician

Eligibility For Bachelor Of Aviation Courses
Most universities only require that you gain admittance to the university. Aviation degrees deal in a wide variety of concentrations and each university has their own requirements. Depending on the university, enrollment in aviation courses is no different than any other academic course.  Contact each university and their aviation department for their specific enrollment requirements.

References

External links
 Griffith University - Bachelor of Aviation - Nathan
 Swinburne University | Melbourne, Australia - Bachelor of Aviation
 Edith Cowan University | Perth Australia - Bachelor of Aviation
 LeTourneau Polytechnic University
 University of Oklahoma Aviation
 Southeastern Oklahoma State University Aviation Sciences Institute
 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Flight training


The Roman Catholic Diocese of Poreč and Pula (; ; Italian: Diocesi di Parenzo e Pola) is a suffragan Latin diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Rijeka on Istria peninsula, in Croatia.

Special churches

The cathedral episcopal see is Euphrasian Basilica, a Minor basilica and World Heritage Site in the city of Poreč. The Co-Cathedral is the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pula. There are two more former cathedrals: Crkva Sv. Pelagije, in Novigrad, and
Crkva Navještenja BDM, in Pićan.

History
 Established circa (200-)300 as Diocese of Parentium; medieval/modern names Poreč (Croat) / Parenzo (Italian) / Parentin(us) (Latin adjective)
 Exchanged territory in 1784 with the Italian Diocese of Trieste
 Formally United aeque principaliter (i.e. in personal union) with the Diocese of Cittanova but only 1442–1448
 Renamed on June 30, 1828 as Diocese of Parenzo/Poreč and Pola/Pula, having gained territory from the suppressed Diocese of Pula
 Gained territory on 1977.10.17 from the Diocese of Trieste, and exchanged territory with Diocese of Koper.

Statistics
As per 2014, it pastorally served 169,048 Catholics (79.5% of 212,561 total) on 2,839 km² in 135 parishes with 108 priests (94 diocesan, 14 religious), 1 deacon, 78 lay religious (48 brothers, 30 sisters) and 6 seminarians.

Episcopal ordinaries
(all Roman rite; probably many Italians, notably in the early centuries)

Suffragan Bishops of Poreč
 Andrea (991 – 1010?)
 Sigimbaldo (1015 – 1017?)
 Engelmaro (1028 – 1040)
 Arpo (1045 – 1050)
 Orso (1050 – 1060)
 Adelman (1060 – 1075)
 Cadolo (1075 – 1082)
 Pagano I (1082 – 1104)
 Bertold (1104 – 1120)
 Ferongo (1120 – 1131)
 Rodemondo (1131 – 1146)
 Vincenzo (1146 – 1158)
 Uberto (1158 – 1174)
 Pietro (1174 – 1194)
 Giovanni I (1196 – 1200)
 Pulcherio (1200 – 1216?)
 Adalberto (1219 – 1243)
 Pagano II  (1243 – 1246)
 Giovanni II (1249 – 1254)
 Ottone (1256 – 1282)
 Bonifazio (1282 – 1305)
 Giuliano Natale (1306 – 1309)
 Graziadio, Carmelite Order (O. Carm.) (1309 – 1327)
 Giovanni Gottoli de Sordello, Dominican Order (O.P.) (1328.06.20 – death 1367)
 Gilberto Zorzi, O.P. (1367.07.02 – 1388.03.04), next Bishop of Eraclea (1388.03.04 – death 1403)
 Giovanni Lombardo, O. Carm. (1388.06 – death 1415.03.21)
 Fantino Valaresso (1415.04.28 – 1425.12.05), later Metropolitan Archbishop of Crete (insular Greece) (1425.12.05 – death 1443.05.18)
 Daniele Scotto de’ Rampi (1426 – 1433), next Bishop of Concordia (Italy) (1433.01.07 – death 1443.07.11)
 Angelo Cavazza (1433.01.07 – 1440.04.11); previously Bishop of Arba (1433.01.07 – 1440.04.11); later Bishop of Cittanova (1442 – retired 1448); died 1457
 Placido de Pavanello, Vallombrosians (O.S.B. Vall.) (1457.01.24 – 1464.11.05); previously Titular Bishop of Byblus (1454.01.09 – 1457.01.24); later Bishop of Torcello (1464.11.05 – 1471)
 Francesco Morosini, Benedictine Order (O.S.B.)  (1464.11.14 – death 1470.10.03), also Apostolic Administrator of Macerata (Italy) (1470.02.02 – 1470.10.03) and Apostolic Administrator of Roman Catholic Diocese of Recanati (Italy) (1470.02.02 – 1470.10.03)

 ...
TO BE COMPLETED/ELABORATED
 Apostolic Administrator Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio (1533.06.06 – 1537.05.28)
 ...

Suffragan Bishops of Poreč and Pula
TO BE ELABORATED
 Juraj Dobrila (1857.12.21 – 1875)
 Giovanni Nepomuceno Glavina (1878.09.13 – 1882.07.03)
 Alojzij Zorn (1882.09.25 – 1883.08.09)
 Giovanni Battista Flapp (1884.11.13 – 1912)
 Trifone Pederzolli (1913.06.19 – 1941.04.22)
 Raffaele Mario Radossi, O.F.M. Conv. (1941.11.27 – 1948.07.07)
 Apostolic Administrator Bishop Dragutin Nežić (1950.05.21 – 1960.06.15)
  Bishop Dragutin Nežić (1960.06.15 – 1984.01.27)
  Bishop Antun Bogetić (1984.01.27 – 1997.11.18)
  Bishop Ivan Milovan (1997.11.18 - 2012.06.14)
  Bishop Dražen Kutleša (since 2012.06.14)

See also

 Roman Catholicism in Croatia
 Istria County
 History of Istria

Sources and external links
 Diocese website (in Croat)

References

Roman Catholic dioceses in Croatia
Dioceses established in the 3rd century


The 2004–05 season was the 26th season of the Football Conference, and the 1st season following its expansion from one division to three divisions.

Overview
This season saw the Conference expanded to three divisions with the addition of the Conference North and Conference South added to the existing (and renamed) Conference National. The North and South Divisions were filled by teams finishing 1st–13th in the Northern Premier League Premier Division and 2nd–13th in the Isthmian League Premier Division and Southern League Premier Division the previous season (the champions were all promoted to the Conference National), together with winners of play-offs between the 14–18th placed clubs in the Southern League Premier, 14th–20th in the Isthmian and Northern Premier League Premier, as well as the top clubs from the divisions immediately below.

The Conference National was joined by Carlisle United and York City, who had been relegated from the Football League. Carlisle became the first club to compete in all top five tiers of English football, having reached the old First Division in 1974–75.

In addition to the winners and the teams that qualified for the play-offs, Exeter City fought gallantly in the FA Cup against Manchester United, holding them to a goalless draw in the third round on Old Trafford and finally going down 0–2 on home turf.

Conference National

A total of 22 teams contest the division, including 18 sides from last season, two relegated from the Football League Two, one promoted from the Southern Football League and one promoted from the Isthmian League. Winners and runners-up of Northern Premier League were unable to qualify in Conference National.

Promotion and relegation
Teams promoted from 2003–04 Southern Football League
 Crawley Town

Teams promoted from 2003–04 Isthmian League
 Canvey Island

Teams relegated from 2003–04 Football League Third Division
 Carlisle United
 York City

League table

Locations

Results

Play-offs

Semifinals

Stevenage Borough won 2–1 on Aggregate.

Carlisle United won 5–4 on penalties after tying 2–2 on Aggregate.

Play-Off Final

Topscorers

Source:

Conference North

First Conference North/South season saw competition of best 44 teams by the results of previous season from Northern Premier League, Southern Football League and Isthmian League, except Crawley Town and Canvey Island, promoted directly to Conference National. Teams were divided by geographical criteria.

Promotion
Teams promoted from 2003–04 Northern Premier League
 Hucknall Town
 Droylsden
 Barrow
 Alfreton Town
 Harrogate Town
 Southport
 Worksop Town
 Lancaster City
 Vauxhall Motors
 Gainsborough Trinity
 Stalybridge Celtic
 Altrincham
 Runcorn F.C. Halton
 Bradford Park Avenue (Northern Premier League Premier Division playoff winners)
 Ashton United

Teams promoted from 2003–04 Southern Football League
 Stafford Rangers
 Nuneaton Borough
 Worcester City
 Hinckley United
 Moor Green
 Redditch United

Teams promoted from 2003–04 Isthmian League
 Kettering Town

League table

Locations

Results

Top scorers

Source:

Conference South

First Conference North/South season saw competition of best 44 teams by the results of previous season from Northern Premier League, Southern Football League and Isthmian League, except Crawley Town and Canvey Island, promoted directly to Conference National. Teams were divided by geographical criteria.

Promotion
Teams promoted from 2003–04 Southern Football League
 Weymouth
 Newport County
 Cambridge City
 Welling United
 Weston-super-Mare
 Eastbourne Borough
 Havant & Waterlooville
 Dorchester Town(Southern Football League Premier Division playoff winners)

Teams promoted from 2003–04 Isthmian League
 Sutton United
 Thurrock
 Hornchurch
 Grays Athletic
 Carshalton Athletic
 Hayes
 Bognor Regis Town
 Bishop's Stortford
 Maidenhead United
 Ford United
 St Albans City (Isthmian League Premier Division playoff winners)
 Lewes (Isthmian League Division One South winners, promoted through playoffs)
 Basingstoke Town (promoted after higher finished Hendon decided not to take part in Conference South)

Teams relegated from 2003–04 Football Conference
 Margate

At the start of the season Ford United was given new name Redbridge F.C.

League table

Locations

Results

Topscorers

Source:

North/South play-offs

References

National League (English football) seasons
5
English


Shelby's Raid was an 1863 Confederate cavalry raid from Arkansas into Missouri during the American Civil War. It had not been a good year for the Confederates in Arkansas, with several setbacks. These included the loss of the state capital (Little Rock) and Fort Hindman, and the failure to retake Helena. Colonel Joseph Shelby thought that a fast moving raid could boost morale, acquire recruits, and keep federal troops busy so they couldn't assist in Northern operations elsewhere. His troops fought numerous skirmishes and caused a deal of disruption in Missouri, making it as far north as Waverly, Missouri, before withdrawing to Arkansas. This raid cemented Shelby's reputation as a cavalry commander and made plain that Missouri was still vulnerable to this kind of cavalry raid.

The raid
Shelby had the following goals for his raid: prevent Missouri troops from reinforcing Major General William Rosecrans at Chattanooga, raise recruits, damage as much Federal infrastructure as possible, and raise the fighting spirit of the Confederate Army in the Trans-Mississippi theater.

With the loss of Little Rock on September 10, General Sterling Price moved his forces to near Arkadelphia, Arkansas.  Following this, Shelby proposed to Governor Reynolds a raid into Missouri.  Reynolds consented, followed eventually by Marmaduke, Holmes, Price, and General Kirby Smith.

Shelby's raiders rode from Arkadelphia, Arkansas, on September 22, 1863. On the 27th, while skirmishing with 'Federal outlaws and jayhawkers' twelve miles from the Arkansas River, they ran directly into 200 of the First Arkansas Infantry. Using the cover of heavy timber, the infantry forced Thorp back from range, until the Union troops were scattered by G. P. Gordon and David Shanks. Union troops lost 10 killed, 20 wounded and 50 prisoners. At this point in the raid, Shelby had about 600 men in his ranks. On the 31st, Shelby moved to McKissick's Springs, waiting until Colonel D.C. Hunter joined him with 200 men recently recruited from Missouri and Arkansas.

Crossing into Missouri near Pineville on October 2.   There, Shelby was joined by Colonel J.T. Coffee with 400 men.  At Neosho, Shelby captured the garrison of 300 troops, whom he then paroled.  On the 6th, they passed through Humansville, camped 10 miles from Warsaw, captured 30 government wagons and picked up prisoners, as well as many horses.  On the 7th they reached Warsaw, where they captured the fort with arms, prisoners and provisions.  On the 10th, Tipton was captured with stores of supplies, and the LaMine Bridge was burned.  Captured prisoners were again paroled, and Shelby's men destroyed rail and bridges a band of 60 miles wide, and prisoners were taken at Syracuse.  At Tipton, Colonel T.T. Crittenden (USA) had 1,000 men drawn up against Shelby's troops, but retreated upon being attacked.

Involving 800 soldiers, twelve ammunition wagons, and two pieces of artillery, the raid was a success. Shelby reported that during the thirty days he killed and wounded six hundred Federals, and that he had captured and paroled another 600. He had captured and destroyed ten Union forts, seizing $800,000 dollars in military supplies, which included 600 rifles, forty stands of colors, 399 hundred wagons, and 6,000 horses and mules. He had also destroyed another million dollars in enemy supplies. His own losses would be major, as about one man in six did not return from the raid.

The "Battle of Marshall" and withdrawal
On October 13, 1863, Federal forces were able concentrate to engage Shelby's raiders at the town of Marshall, the county seat of Saline County. A mixed force of 1,800 Federal troops and Missouri State Militia under Brigadier General Egbert B. Brown attempted to surround and trap Shelby's force. However, Shelby divided his force and broke through, escaping the Union encirclement. Confronted with the likelihood of continued Federal concentration, Shelby divided his command and withdrew from Missouri to Arkansas.

Results
Jo Shelby was promoted to brigadier general in the Confederate Army as a result of this successful raid. Shelby claimed to have traveled 1,500 miles, inflicted 600 casualties, and captured or destroyed $1 million worth of goods during the raid.

References

Sources

 Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series I, Volume 22 (Part I), page 621-
 McLachlan, Sean. (2011) ''Ride Around Missouri; Shelby's Great Raid 1863. Osprey Raid Series #25. Osprey Publishing.

External links
 Denny, James M., The Battle of Marshall

1863 in Missouri
Cavalry raids of the American Civil War
Conflicts in 1863
Military operations of the American Civil War in Missouri


Matebeleng, also known as Matebele(Ndebele) is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located around 20 km north-east of Gaborone and the population was 1,180 in 2001 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


The 1884 St. Louis Maroons baseball team finished with a 94–19 record and won the championship of the new Union Association (UA). After the season, the UA folded and the Maroons joined the National League; they were the only UA team to continue past the 1884 season. Their season holds the record in MLB for the best season start, going 20–0 to start their season.

The Maroons scored 887 runs while allowing 429, for a run differential of +458, the best in major-league history, as records and statistics of the UA are recognized by Major League Baseball (MLB).

The team was back in the news in 2015, when the Golden State Warriors started the 2015–16 season with an NBA-record 24 straight wins; this surpassed the Maroons' 20–0 start, which was previously the record for the four major professional sports leagues in the United States.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Sources
 1884 St. Louis Maroons team page at Baseball Reference

References

St Louis
St. Louis Maroons season
St. Louis Maroons seasons


Pamber Green is a hamlet in north Hampshire, England.

Governance
Pamber Green is part of the parish of Pamber, which covers Pamber Heath, Pamber End, Pamber Green and Little London. The parish council meets in Pamber Heath Memorial Hall and St. Stephen's Hall, Little London.

Transport
The village is served by Stagecoach in Hampshire Basingstoke bus route 2. The nearest railway station is  east in Bramley.

References

External links

Villages in Hampshire


Pamber Heath is a village in north Hampshire, England.  Situated within the civil parish of Pamber, the village lies at the north end of Pamber Forest.

Governance
Pamber Heath is part of the parish of Pamber, which covers Pamber Heath, Pamber End, Pamber Green and Little London. The parish council meets in Pamber Heath Memorial Hall and St. Stephen's Hall, Little London.

Pamber Heath is within the ward of Pamber and Silchester, part of the Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council, and returns two councillors to the borough council.

Transport
There is a village link minibus service which serves Pamber Heath, Silchester and Mortimer West End. It is necessary to pre-book this service by contacting Hampshire County Council.

References

External links

Villages in Hampshire


Morwa is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located around 15 km south-west of Mochudi, and the population was 2,696 in 2001 census.

Location
Morwa is a village in Botswana which lies 30 km north of the capital Gaborone. The village is linked to the capital by a dual carriageway and connected to the national electricity grid. A seasonal  Metsimotlhabe River runs south of the village. This river flows into Bokaa Dam which supplies both Bokaa, Morwa and Gaborone. Before this development people drank from the boreholes and before then from the river and wells.

History
The current village kgosi/chief is Mr Eric Masisi Ntshole who succeeded his father Mr Mogotsi Ntshole. Mr Mogotsi Ntshole took over from his father Mr Ramogotsi Ntshole. The population of Morwa consist mainly of Bakgatla tribe and is divided into wards namely; Mokone, Matetswane, Manakedi etc.

Developments
Major roads in the village are bituminised/tarred and has four schools, namely Ramogotsi Primary School, Our Lady of Carmel School, BORWA Junior Secondary School and a private college. The village enjoys lit streets especially along the main roads.

Recreation
Morwa boasts of three football teams which are Morwa Dynamos, Morwa Rising Stars and Lelotong Young Stars. During Christmas and other special occasions the audience is usually entertained by traditional choirs and poets.
The village has one community hall which is used for different activities both official and private.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


Bokaa is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. The village is located around 20 km south-west of Mochudi and the population was 5,765 in 2011 census.
The village is just north of the Bokaa Dam.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


John Stockdale (25 March 1750 – 21 June 1814) was an English publisher whose London shop became a salon for the political classes and who had to face two actions for defamation. One by the House of Commons became a cause célèbre and resulted in an important change in the law.

Life
John Stockdale was born in Caldbeck, Cumberland, the son of Priscilla Stockdale (1726–1789) and Joseph Stockdale. He is believed to have been raised as a blacksmith, like his father, and then to have become valet to John Astley of Dukinfield, Cheshire. He married Mary Ridgway, a native of Roe Cross, Mottram-in-Longdendale, Cheshire, and sister to James Ridgway, a well-known publisher of Piccadilly, London. He had met Mary in the Dukinfield Moravian chapel.

Stockdale moved to London about 1780 (or 1770) and worked as a porter to publisher John Almon, near to the premises of his brother in law. When Almon retired from business in favour of John Debrett, Stockdale opened a book shop in competition and, "being a man of natural parts, he soon became conspicuous in business in spite of much eccentricity of conduct and great coarseness of manners".<ref>Gentleman's Magazine, June 1815</ref> Both Stockdale's and Debrett's premises became meeting places for the political classes, Debrett's being frequented by the Whigs and Stockdale's by the supporters of William Pitt. John Adams, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, lodged with Stockdale for two months during 1783.

He was an industrious publisher and among the many works that he published were:

Adam Ferguson's History of the Progress and Termination of the Roman Republic (1783);
An edition of William Shakespeare's Dramatic Works (1784);
Bryan Edwards's History of the West Indies;
George Chalmers' edition of Daniel Defoe's History of the Union;
Arthur Phillip's Voyage to Botany Bay;
Samuel Johnson's Works (1787) (volumes 12 and 13 of which Stockdale edited);
John Whitaker various works.
Hester Thrale's Retrospection: or, a review of the most striking and important events, characters, situations and their consequences, which the last eighteen hundred years have presented to the view of mankind (1801).

He also issued the London Courant newspaper, Debates in Parliament (1784–90), an edition of Robinson Crusoe and John Aikin's A Description of the Country from Thirty to Forty Miles round Manchester (1795), originally intended to be merely an account of the neighbourhood of Mottram-in-Longdendale, with which Stockdale had personal acquaintance, as well as various geographic maps and plans.

Litigation
In 1788 he published John Logan's Review of the Charges against Warren Hastings. The work was conceived by the government to embody a libellous charge of corruption and injustice against the House of Commons. Stockdale was accordingly prosecuted. The case came before Lord Kenyon in December 1789 and Stockdale was eloquently defended by Thomas Erskine. Erskine contended that the defendant was not to be judged by isolated passages, selected and put together in the accusation, but by the entire context of the publication and its general character and objects. Stockdale was acquitted, and such a conspicuous defence of the liberty of the press led to the passing of the Libel Act 1792, which established that nobody was to be punished for a few unguarded expressions, and left the construction of an alleged libeller's general purpose and animus in writing to a jury.

Stockdale again figured as defendant in an action for libel brought by Joseph Nightingale in 1809, when he had to pay £200 damages. Towards the end of his career he dealt largely in remaindered books from other publishers, and caused some resentment among the regular traders by a series of sales of books by auction which he established in various parts of the country. Early in his enterprise he had acquired considerable property, but afterwards he was less successful and the circumstance of having to make an arrangement with his creditors is said to have caused him some anxiety and accelerated his death.

Family
Stockdale and his wife had several children including:

 Mary Stockdale, writer and publisher;
 John Joseph Stockdale, publisher who was also the subject of a libel case involving parliament in Stockdale v. Hansard; and
 William Stockdale, bookseller.

Notes

References
 Barker, H. (2004) "Stockdale, John (c.1749–1814)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press. Retrieved 8 February 2008
 Stockdale, E. (1983). "John Stockdale of Piccadilly: Publisher to John Adams and Thomas Jefferson", in

Attribution

External links

1750 births
1814 deaths
Publishers (people) from London
People from Caldbeck


Plastow Green is a hamlet in north Hampshire, England.

Governance
The hamlet is part of the civil parish of Ashford Hill with Headley, and is part of the Kingsclere ward of Basingstoke and Deane borough council. The borough council is a Non-metropolitan district of Hampshire County Council.

References

External links

Villages in Hampshire


Rasesa is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. The village is located 10 km west of Mochudi, along the Gaborone–Mahalapye road. The population was 2,461 in 2001 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana


Richer is a local urban district in southeast Manitoba, almost  east south-east of Winnipeg. It is located in the Rural Municipality of Ste. Anne, at the junction of the Trans-Canada Highway and Provincial Road 302.

History
Richer was originally called Coteau-de-Chênes, then renamed Thibaultville in 1901, until it was finally named Richer, after H. Isaïe Richer, who was the first postmaster in the region. Located on the historic Dawson Trail, Richer is rich in early Canadian history of French-Canadian, English Canadian as well as Aboriginal and Metis peoples.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Richer had a population of 607 living in 240 of its 252 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 582. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

Services
The local Richer School currently has about 150 students, ranging from kindergarten to grade eight. Richer School is part of the Seine River School Division.

Richer also has one of the few wooden Catholic Churches that are more than a hundred years old. The church has been converted to the Dawson Trail Museum and features displays and artifacts depicting the rich history of the region.

Recreation
Richer has three nearby campgrounds: the Rock Garden Campground, Cripple Creek Campground, and the Wild Oaks Campground.

Dawson Trail Park boasts two baseball diamonds, an outdoor skating rink, picnic shelter, a rodeo/riding arena and new and improved playground.

The Mockingjay Pole Archery Club shoots in the park from May until September.

Richer Rough Stock Rodeo takes place every second weekend of August. The Richer Rodeo won Heartland Rodeo's Rodeo of the Year in 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017.

Winterfest occurring at the end of February or beginning of March.

Each summer the Dawson Trail Museum features an indoor and outdoor farmers market. In the spring and fall they host an Artisan Craft Sale featuring local Crafts and Baking.

Business
Dawson Trail Dispatch is the local newspaper located in Richer, bringing coverage of southeastern Manitoba local news. There is also Burnell’s, a general store, a post office, a number of restaurants, a hotel and a gas station. The Richer Community Club Inc. produces a monthly newsletter called the EnRicher keeping the local residents of the area informed of events and news.

References

Designated places in Manitoba
Local urban districts in Manitoba
Unincorporated communities in Eastman Region, Manitoba


Pilane is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located 10 km south-west of the district capital, Mochudi. The population was 1,178 in 2001 census.

References

Kgatleng District
Villages in Botswana
Populated places in Botswana


Privett is a small village, conservation area and former civil parish, now in the parish of Froxfield and Privett, in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is  northwest of Petersfield, just off the A272 road. Its principal feature is Holy Trinity Church, designed by Arthur Blomfield and built at the expense of local landowner, businessman and M.P. William Nicholson. Nicholson was also responsible for building in the village a number of residences for workers on his Basing Park estate. In 1931 the parish had a population of 172.

History
A place called Pryfetesflōd (Privett's River), located in the Weald, is mentioned in the 755 AD entry of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (the story of Cynewulf and Cyneheard), as the place where Sigeberht of Wessex, previously a ruler of Hampshire, was driven off to.

The village was known as Pryvet in the 14th century and Pryvate in the 16th century. The parish of Holy Trinity is listed as being part of the parish and manor of West Meon in 1391, belonging to St. Swithun's Monastery, later granted to the Dean and Chapter of Winchester by Henry the Eighth.

Between 1903 and 1955 the village was served by Privett railway station on the Meon Valley Railway, which was situated half a mile (1 km) west of the village itself.

Governance
The village of Privett is part of the Froxfield and Steep ward of the East Hampshire District Council, which is a non-metropolitan district council of Hampshire County Council. On 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Froxfield.

Transport
The nearest railway station is ,  south-east of the village. Hampshire Bus provide a daily service to and from Alton College on school days.

Gallery

References

Villages in Hampshire
Former civil parishes in Hampshire
East Hampshire District


David Isaacs (9 June 1946 – c. 21 December 2009) was a Jamaican reggae singer who worked with Lee "Scratch" Perry in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and went on to release several albums between the mid-1970s and early 1980s.

Biography
Isaacs was born in Denham Town in 1946, and was the first of 16 children for his mother. Isaacs recorded a version of Stevie Wonder's "A Place in the Sun" in 1968 for producer Lee Perry, and this was one of the records that established Trojan Records as a major force in reggae. The song was later re-recorded and included in Isaacs' album Place in the Sun, issued in the 1980s.

In 1979, Isaacs recorded "Just Like a Sea", in combination with deejay Jah Thomas, and released his debut album of the same name (also issued as More Love), produced by Witty Reid. In 1982, he teamed up with Winston "Niney" Holness for the album Happy Ending, released on Dynamic Sounds, which had been preceded by the Love & Devotion set.

Isaacs also toured extensively with The Itals, as Lloyd Ricketts was unable to tour.  In 1987, upon the nomination of the Itals for the American Grammy Awards, David toured extensively with the Itals line up of Keith Porter and Ronnie Davis.  This line-up would continue for over two decades, and the last tour was in 2009, with a cross-country tour that ended in the fall.  Because Lloyd Ricketts was unable to get a visa for all of these years, David supported the three-part harmony, and added his own special qualities.  The "Itals" also toured without Ronnie Davis often, as Keith Porter, living in the United States did try various line-ups, including his family to perform under the "Itals" name.  However, over the course of time, the importance of having David Isaacs and Ronnie Davis tour with the band became known by audience response. David Isaacs toured more over the years than Ronnie Davis or, of course, Lloyd Ricketts because he did work with Keith Porter when Keith Porter was promoting the Itals as his particular line-up which consisted of his daughter and usually included David Isaacs.

Articles in the Gleaner and other places are reporting that David Isaacs along with his great personal achievements did a "brief stint" with the Itals, however that brief stint was over two decades, and his contributions to the Itals touring group cannot be described as brief.

Isaacs died in December 2009. His sister Beverley found him dead at their Denham Town home on the morning of 21 December.

Discography

Singles
"I'd Rather Be Lonely" (1966), BMN/Island
"See That Man" (1966), BMN/Island
"Place in the Sun" (1968), Upsetter/Trojan
"Give Me Your Love" (1968), Supersonics – Alton Ellis & David Isaacs
"Good Father" (1968), Upsetter
"Can't Take It Anymore" (1969), Upsetter
"Give Love a Try" (1969), Upsetter
"He'll Have To Go" (1969), Upsetter
"I'm Leaving (on a Jet Plane)" (1969), Upsetter
"I've Got Memories" (1969), Upsetter
"Since You are Gone" (1969), Jackpot/Upsetter
"Knock Three Times" (1971), Punch
"Dark Moon"
"Good Father"
"Love Has Joined Us Together" (1971), Jackpot
"Who To Tell"
"You'll Be Sorry" (1971), Upsetter/Punch
"Just Enough" (1973), Upset/Bread
"We Are Neighbors" (1973), Upset/Bread
"Stranger on the Shore" (1973), Justice League/Upsetter
"Breaking Up" (1975), Hulk
"You'll Be Sorry" (1975), Sunshot
"Hard Road to Travel" (1977), Roots From The Yard
"Seems I'm Losing You" (1977), VP
"Think That You're Smart", Roots Rock International
"I Went to Your Wedding" (1978), Ossie Sounds
"Linger Awhile" (1978), Hulk
"Just Like a Sea" (1978). Moodisc
"Just Like A Sea" (1978), Cartridge/Errol T/Steppers (with Jah Thomas)
"Place in the Sun" (1978), Rattie Soul/Jama
"More Love" (1979), Errol T/Cartridge
"More Love", Steppers
"We've Got to Make It", Steppers
"Hush Not a Word to Mary" (1979), Music Cave
"She Loves Me Now" 12" (19??), Striker Lee
"Love Me With All Your Heart" (1979), Bushays – with Trinity
"Sometimes When We Touch", Top Rankin' Muzik
"Jah Love I" (1979), Wild Flower
"What You Gonna Do" (1979), Gorgon
"Brand New Style" (19??), New Star
"Bye My Love" (1981), Express
"Just Like a Sea" (1981), Deep Groove
"Margaret" (1981), Deep Groove
"I'm Gonna Get You", Errol T
"Just Like a Sea" (19??), Rattie Soul
"Sitting and Watching", Carl's
"Words", Carl's
"Someone New Dancing With You", Jackpot
"You Got To Come Home Back", Lucky Star

Albums
Just Like a Sea (1979), Steppers – also issued as More Love (1979), J&M
Love & Devotion (1981), Imperial
Happy Ending (1982), Dynamic Sounds
Place in the Sun (1984), Culture Press, also released as Til I Can't Take It on Hulk
To Sir With Love, Jamaica Authentic

References

External links
David Isaacs Official Site
David Isaacs at Roots Archives
David Isaacs at algoriddim

1946 births
2009 deaths
Musicians from Kingston, Jamaica
Jamaican reggae musicians
Trojan Records artists


Marion Township may refer to the following places in the U.S. state of Illinois:

 Marion Township, Lee County, Illinois
 Marion Township, Ogle County, Illinois

See also
Marion Township (disambiguation)

Illinois township disambiguation pages


The 1885 St. Louis Maroons season was the team's first season in the National League after winning the Union Association championship in 1884. This season was not nearly as successful, as the Maroons finished with a 36–72 record, worst in the eight-team league.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1885 St. Louis Maroons team page at Baseball Reference

St. Louis Maroons seasons
St. Louis Maroons season
St Louis


Shirrell Heath is a village and top of a modest escarpment of the South Downs National Park in south Hampshire, England.  Shirrell Heath, and its neighbouring village, Waltham Chase are part of Shedfield parish. It is in the civil parish of Shedfield.

The General Stores in the village was run for many years by the Tucker family. The Sub Post Office was run  by the Misses Watson, and then passed to the Simpson family, and was open at least until the early 1990s

The local Public House, called the Prince of Wales, was closed in 2012.

There is a Methodist chapel in the centre of the village.

References

Villages in Hampshire


The Diocese of Šibenik (; ) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Šibenik in the Ecclesiastical province of Split-Makarska in Croatia.

History
 May 1, 1298: Established as Diocese of Šibenik

Leadership
 Bishops of Šibenik (Roman rite)
 Bishop Tomislav Rogić (since 2016.07.25)
 Bishop Ante Ivas (1997.02.05-2016.07.25)
 Bishop Srećko Badurina, T.O.R. (1987.12.04 – 1996.09.17)
 Bishop Anton Tamarut (1986.02.05 – 1987.12.04)
 Bishop Josip Arnerić (1961.07.17 – 1986.02.05)
 Bishop Ćiril Banić (1961 – 1961.02.03)
 Bishop Ćiril Banić (Apostolic Administrator 1951.03.28 – 1961)
 Bishop Jeronim Mileta, O.F.M. Conv. (1922.02.14 – 1947.11.23)
 Bishop Luca Pappafava (1911.11.27 – 1918.09.14)
 Archbishop Vinko Pulišić (1903.11.09 – 1910.06.16)
 Bishop Matteo Zannoni (1895.03.18 – 1903)
 Bishop Giovanni Maiorosy (1885.07.27 – ?)
 Bishop Antonio Innocente Giuseppe Fosco (1876.04.07 – 1894)
 Bishop Jovan Zaffron (1863.09.28 – 1872)
 Archbishop Pietro Alessandro Doimo Maupas (1855.12.20 – 1862.05.21)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Croatia

References

Sources
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
  Diocese website

Roman Catholic dioceses in Croatia
1298 establishments in Europe
Dioceses established in the 13th century


Diocese of Šibenik may refer to:

 Roman Catholic Diocese of Šibenik, a diocese of the Catholic Church in Croatia, with seat in the city of Šibenik.
 Eastern Orthodox Diocese of Šibenik, former common name of the current Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Dalmatia, during the period when its seat was in the city of Šibenik.

See also
Šibenik
Catholic Church in Croatia
Eastern Orthodoxy in Croatia
Diocese of Zadar (disambiguation)
Diocese of Zagreb (disambiguation)
Diocese of Požega (disambiguation)


The 1886 St. Louis Maroons finished with a 43–79 record in the National League, finishing in sixth place. After the season, the team was purchased by John T. Brush and moved to Indianapolis, becoming the Hoosiers.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1886 St. Louis Maroons team page at Baseball Reference

St. Louis Maroons seasons
St. Louis Maroons season
St Louis


Steep is a village and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. Its nearest town is Petersfield, which lies  south of the village, just off the A3 road. The nearest railway station is Petersfield, at  south of the village. It has two public houses, The Harrow and the Cricketers Inn, with the former being an 18th-century Grade II listed building. According to the 2011 census, it had a population of 1,391.

Iron Age and Roman remains have been found in the area. Steep formerly included two detached exclaves, the larger called Ambersham, which lay deep inside Sussex. These were two of the three detached portions of Hampshire in Sussex, and were annexed to that county when a new law came into effect in 1844. The church of All Saints was built around 1125. From medieval times, Steep was included in the parish of East Meon until it became an independent parish in 1867. Since 1899 the village has been the location of Bedales, a progressive public school.

History

Prehistory to Roman
The village name has been spelled in various ways, including La Stuppe, La Stiepe, and Stupe (14th century) and Steepe (17th century). There is evidence of Roman occupation in the village, with pottery, coins, baths and a Roman villa being discovered on Bell Hill, directly opposite the village centre. A Roman earthworks ridge was also found on Stoner Hill, which suggests evidence of Roman roads passing through the causeway. Iron Age remains found in the area include pottery, boilers, and a site of a "sub-rectangular enclosure" found in Steep village centre. A Bronze Age barrow house was also excavated in the parish.

Medieval to Tudor
The village was not mentioned in the Domesday Survey of 1086, however it was likely included under the entry of 'Menes'. (Meon)

Beginning at an unknown point in the medieval period, the territory of the village of Steep formerly included two detached parish exclaves the larger of which was called Ambersham. This was a narrow strip of land situated  east in the county of West Sussex, situated between Midhurst and Petworth and running south from the Surrey border near Haslemere to near Graffham. Under the Counties Act of 1844, Ambersham was detached from Steep and made part of Sussex. For ecclesiastical reasons it had been split into two tithings or parish sub-divisions, North Ambersham and South Ambersham, and these became civil parishes. Ecclesiastically the former was annexed to Fernhurst, and the latter to Easebourne. The smaller of the two exclaves was a three-acre portion of Borden Wood in the Sussex parish of Chithurst, which was only united with the latter parish in 1883 because it had no inhabitants. Both of these detached portions were also exclaves of Hampshire.

There is no written evidence that Steep was settled until late in the Anglo-Saxon period, however in the early Anglo Saxon period the Meon Valley formed the Jutish Kingdom of Meonwara. In the medieval period Steep was a sub-parish of East Meon. so it too was probably a settlement of the Jutes and the Ambershams may well have been too.

Steep was first documented under the name of 'Stepe Place' in the 12th century. The church of All Saints was built around 1125. The oldest surviving dwelling in the village is the house known as "Restalls" which is on the eastern side of the church. It dates from the late 15th century, and was remodelled in 1600 (and in 1905 by the Arts and Crafts architect William Frederick Unsworth who lived here).

By 1600, Steep had a prospering local cloth-making industry and two fulling mills in operation, which were driven by the nearby Ashford Stream. The early 17th century was also described by historian William Page as a "great rebuilding" of the village, in which redevelopment of many wooden buildings were replaced by stone structures. However, a decline in the cloth-making industry caused a depression in the latter half of the 17th century, which resulted in the closure of both mills.

19th century to Second World War

By the 1830s the British Agricultural Revolution had disturbed traditional society and created a class of labourers who struggled to support their families in rural areas. This led to an unrest known as the Swing Riots which swept across southern England, consequently reaching Selborne and Liphook in September 1830. The Parliamentary Enclosure Acts of 1856 established a new land pattern for nearby Steep Marsh and Stroud, which still exists today. There was also extensive land drainage between 1860 and 1880; conduits and sluices were constructed to take water from Ashford Stream for the artificial flooding of hay meadows. In Steep, hops were grown for use in local breweries, watercress produced for commercial use, and a condensed milk factory was in operation in Steep Marsh.

Voluntary schools were built in Steep in 1875, and the first almshouses were constructed by William Eames in 1882.  The first coeducational boarding school in England, Bedales School was constructed in 1899 at a cost of approximately £60,000, which at the time of 1912, had an enrolment of 160 children. However, another source described the school as being constructed in 1900, and was formerly located in Lindfield, West Sussex.

The First World War poet Edward Thomas lived in the village; his children attended Bedales and his wife also taught there.

The prominent English poet, author and artist Thomas Sturge Moore lived at "Hillcroft" in Steep from 1919 to 1927, while his children Daniel and Riette attended Bedales. Sturge Moore took an active interest in Bedales, giving readings, speaking at Sunday assemblies, and teaching a class in aesthetics in 1924–1925.

Geography and demographics
Steep is located in the eastern part of southern Hampshire in South East England,  north of Petersfield, its nearest town. The parish covers an area of , of which  are permanent grass,  of fertile land and  of woodland. The village is situated at the foot of the steep forested slopes of Stoner Hill and Wheatham Hill, which both lie on the western edge of the South Downs National Park. The parish has two streams; the first stream rises from Ashford Lodge and flows east to Steep Marsh, whereas a second stream rises at the foot of Wheatham Hill follows the northern boundaries of the parish, joining the first stream close to the village of Sheet. Two main roads run through the parish, from Petersfield to Farnham on the east and the Petersfield and Ropley road on the southwest, the latter winding up the steep slopes of Stoner Hill.

The soil is of marl, clay, and sandy loam, with the subsoil being gravel and sand. The prominent crops are wheat, barley, and oats, and a smaller number of hops. According to the 2011 census, Steep had a population of 849 people.

Notable landmarks

The church of All Saints was first constructed in the 12th century and has some parts which still date to its original design. It has a chancel that measures  by , a nave which measures  by  and north and south aisles which run from  to  wide, respectively. The eastern bays of the south arcade of the nave date from 1180; however, it seems probable that the oldest masonry on the site belongs to an older church from either Colemore or Ropley. Before the north aisle was constructed, there is evidence to suggest that a wooden north-west tower existed.

In approximately 1200 a north aisle was added, with its width being determined by the projection of the north transept chapel, with the west and east walls taken down at the time. The different thickness of the walls in the present church suggests that the wall for the length of the first three bays of the arcade was taken down and rebuilt in the 13th century. The church underwent a restoration in 1839, with £370 being spent, and in 1875 at a cost of £2,377.

The churchyard contains six Commonwealth war graves from the First World War: two Royal Navy sailors, two Royal Air Force officers, a Royal Engineers officer and a Hampshire Regiment soldier.

The Harrow is a Grade II listed public house which was first built in the 18th century. It is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.

Notable residents
Bertha Brewster (1887-1959), suffragette
Thomas Sturge Moore (1870-1944) - Poet, author, critic.
Thomas Jeeves Horder, 1st Baron Horder of Ashford (1871-1955) - Royal physician.
Edward Thomas (1878-1917) - Anglo-Welsh poet.

References

External links

Steep at Hampshire Hub
History of Steep

Villages in Hampshire


William J. Grabiarz (March 25, 1925 – February 23, 1945) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

Biography
Grabiarz joined the Army from his birth city of Buffalo, New York, on April 29, 1943.By February 23, 1945, he was serving as a private first class in Troop E, 5th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division. On that day, in Manila, the Philippines, he voluntarily braved enemy fire in order to rescue a wounded officer who lay in an exposed position. After being wounded himself and trying unsuccessfully to drag the officer to safety, he used his body to shield the man from hostile fire. Grabiarz was killed by the intense fire, but the officer survived. For these actions, Grabiarz was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor ten months later, on December 8, 1945.

Grabiarz, aged 19 at his death, was buried in Saint Stanislaus Cemetery, Cheektowaga, New York.

Medal of Honor citation
Private First Class Grabiarz's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
He was a scout when the unit advanced with tanks along a street in Manila, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Without warning, enemy machinegun and rifle fire from concealed positions in the Customs building swept the street, striking down the troop commander and driving his men to cover. As the officer lay in the open road, unable to move and completely exposed to the pointblank enemy fire, Pfc. Grabiarz voluntarily ran from behind a tank to carry him to safety, but was himself wounded in the shoulder. Ignoring both the pain in his injured useless arm and his comrades' shouts to seek the cover which was only a few yards distant, the valiant rescuer continued his efforts to drag his commander out of range. Finding this impossible, he rejected the opportunity to save himself and deliberately covered the officer with his own body to form a human shield, calling as he did so for a tank to maneuver into position between him and the hostile emplacement. The enemy riddled him with concentrated fire before the tank could interpose itself. Our troops found that he had been successful in preventing bullets from striking his leader, who survived. Through his magnificent sacrifice in gallantly giving his life to save that of his commander, Pfc. Grabiarz provided an outstanding and lasting inspiration to his fellow soldiers.

Military awards
Grabiarz' military decorations and awards include:

See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

References

1925 births
1945 deaths
United States Army personnel killed in World War II
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Military personnel from Buffalo, New York
United States Army soldiers
World War II recipients of the Medal of Honor
American people of Polish descent


The Independent Air Force (IAF), also known as the Independent Force or the Independent Bombing Force and later known as the Inter-Allied Independent Air Force, was a First World War strategic bombing force which was part of Britain's Royal Air Force and was used to strike against German railways, aerodromes, and industrial centres without co-ordination with the Army or Navy.

Establishment
From late 1916 to early 1917 the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) had attempted a co-ordinated series of bombing raids on German-held targets.  Whilst the attacks were generally unsuccessful the principle of deep penetration bombing raids against strategic targets was established. General Jan Smuts, a member of the War Cabinet, prepared the Smuts Report which recommended that a separate Air Ministry and Air Force should be set up, independent of the Army and Navy and that a strategic bomber force should be formed whose sole purpose was to attack Germany.

Following the perceived success in bombing Germany of the VIII Brigade and its antecedent formation the 41st Wing, the British Government decided that it should be expanded into an independent force.  Before the creation of the Independent Air Force, the VIII Brigade was under the tactical command of Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig.

After Parliamentary approval in November 1917, the Royal Air Force was born on 1 April 1918 and the forthcoming creation of the Independent Air Force was announced on 13 May 1918. The General Officer Commanding was to be Major-General Trenchard who had recently stepped down as Chief of the Air Staff.  Trenchard had only agreed to serve as GOC after he received criticism for resigning his position as professional head of the RAF during a time of war. The deputy commander was Brigadier-General Cyril Newall who had previously been the commander of the VIII Brigade.

The Independent Air Force came into being on 6 June 1918 with its headquarters situated near Nancy in France. Trenchard took over tactical command of the VIII Brigade from Haig on 5 June 1918 and complete control on 15 June 1918, when Newall became the deputy commander of the Independent Force.  As commander, Trenchard reported directly to Sir William Weir the Air Minister, bypassing the Chief of the Air Staff, Frederick Sykes.

Composition
The Independent Air Force eventually consisted of nine squadrons of aircraft which were equipped with
 de Havilland DH4s
 de Havilland DH9s and de Havilland DH.9As
 Handley Page 0/400s
 Royal Aircraft Factory FE2bs
 Sopwith Camels for escort duties

No 41 Wing was split into two wings to form VIII Brigade and comprised Nos 55, 99 and 104 squadrons responsible for day-bombing, with the 83rd Wing consisted of two night-bombing squadrons, (No 100 and No 216). Additional squadrons were added to the IAF before the Armistice; Nos 97, 115 and 215 squadrons (equipped with the new Handley-Page 0/400 bomber) and No 110 Squadron with the DH-9A, operational through the summer of 1918.

Actions
The IAF commenced operations in June 1918, when 12 DH4s of 55 Squadron were despatched to bomb targets around Coblenz and 11 DH4s of 99 Squadron attacked rail targets at Thionville. During the last five months of World War I, Independent Air Force aircraft dropped  of bombs (for 109 aircraft lost) including  dropped by night.  Over  were dropped on German aerodromes, which Trenchard justified by pointing out that while the Germans were stronger than the British in the air, their aircraft might be destroyed on the ground. Trenchard argued that his policy was vindicated by the fact the during the period from 5 June to 11 November 1918, German attacks on British aerodromes were minimal and no British aircraft were destroyed on the ground by bombing.

The Independent Forces attacked, amongst others, the following targets:

 Baalon
 Baden
 The Black Forest
 Bonn
 Cologne
 Coblenz
 Darmstadt
 Duren
 Dillingen
 Frankfurt
 Forbach
 Hagendingen
 Heidelberg
 Hagenau

 Kaiserlautern
 Karthaus
 Karlsruhe
 Ludwigshafen
 Landau
 Mainz
 Mannheim
 Lahr
 Lumes
 Luxembourg
 Oberndorf am Neckar
 Offenburg
 Pforzheim
 Pirmasens

 Rastatt
 Rombas
 Rottweil
 Sollingen
 Saarburg
 Saarbrücken
 Stuttgart
 Treves
 Wiesbaden
 Worms
 Völklingen
 Wadgassen
 Zweibrücken

A considerable portion of the Independent Air Force’s efforts was in tactical support of the Allied armies and the war ended before the IAF could conduct any sustained strategic bombing. Thus the Independent Force achieved little material effect on the German war industries, in return for many losses in men and machines. (A future celebrity who flew with the IAF was W.E. Johns, creator of Biggles.)

Inter-Allied Independent Air Force

Just before the end of the war, on 26 October 1918, the Independent Air Force was renamed the Inter-Allied Independent Air Force and comprised British, French, Italian and American squadrons.  Trenchard remained the commander-in-chief but he came under the command of Marshal Ferdinand Foch, the Generalissimo of Allied forces.  On 14 November, the Inter-Allied Independent Air Force was dissolved and its British squadrons (still titled the Independent Air Force) were assigned to John Salmond, the commander of the RAF in the field and Brigadier-General Christopher Courtney succeeded Trenchard.  The Independent Air Force was disbanded in late 1918 or early 1919.

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Morris, Alan First of the Many: The story of Independent Force, RAF.  London: Jarrolds, 1968. OCLC 464310497
 Moyes, Philip J. R. Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft. London: Macdonald and Jane's, 2nd edition 1976. .

Military units and formations of the Royal Air Force in World War I
Military units and formations established in 1918
World War I strategic bombing


Petrus Jacobus Kipp (Utrecht, 5 March 1808 – Delft, 3 February 1864) was a Dutch apothecary, chemist and instrument maker. He became known as the inventor of the Kipp apparatus, chemistry equipment for the development of gases.

Biography
Kipp passed his pharmacist exam in 1829 in Utrecht with a thesis on seven substances. When he found that, contrary to the academic medicine education with national value, his exam had mere local value, to start a pharmacy in faraway Delft, he had to pass a further test at the provincial medical council. At the beginning of the 19th century, in Delft as in other cities, there was a surplus of pharmacists. Many decided to combine their work with other activities. So too Kipp started in 1830 in Delft a trade in scientific instruments and chemicals. At first his chemicals business made most profit, but after publishing a catalogue in 1850 with instruments imported from Germany and France, his sales of instruments grew in importance.

In 1840, Kipp was elected into the medical council of the city of Delft. In this responsibility, he conducted various chemical investigations assigned by the authorities, e.g., of drinking water and of lamp oil used in street lighting. Many pharmacists in those times were working on professionalisation of the profession. Kipp was one of the founders in 1842 of the Nederlandsche Maatschappij ter Bevordering der Pharmacy (Dutch Company for the advancement of Pharmacy). Also in 1842, in Delft the Polytechnische Hogeschool was founded by King Willem II. The following year, Kipp's friend Carel Frederik Donnadieu was appointed Professor of Chemistry there. Between 1844 and 1850, Kipp earned extra money by translation of German chemistry books to Dutch for use at the university.

In 1842, Kipp published the results of research into the presence of arsenic in livers and kidneys in rabbits. For this research, he used an apparatus to generate hydrogen, which had been developed in 1836 by the English scientist James Marsh. Because the hydrogen production could not easily be stopped during the experiments, Kipp was dissatisfied with the design, and decided to develop his own gas generator. His first version was created by the German glassblower Heinrich Geißler; but was very fragile. The same year, Kipp make a new design, created again by Geißler. This design would be the model for all future versions of the Kipp's apparatus. In 1844, Kipp published two descriptions in the Tijdschrift voor Handel and Nijverheid (Journal for trade and industry). The oldest known copy of the apparatus is owned by the Boerhaave Museum in Leiden. It is 62 cm high and was made between 1845 and 1875.

Kipp was married with Hanna Petronella Regina Heijligers. Together they had ten children. After his death in 1864, his activities were continued by his wife and their sons Willem and Anton under the name of 'P.J. Kipp en Zonen.' Willem ran the pharmacy, later under his own name 'W.A. Kipp,' while Anton did the trade of chemicals and instruments. At the end of the 19th century, the own production of scientific and medical instruments grew in importance more than the import of foreign products. In 2008, the three companies still are active: the Delft pharmacy W.A. Kipp, the Delft instrument maker Kipp & Zonen, and the trade company Salm and Kipp.

References

External links

Kipp and Zonen instrument makers, official website
Apotheek W.A. Kipp, official website
Salm en Kipp trading company, official website

19th-century Dutch chemists
19th-century Dutch inventors
Dutch pharmacologists
1808 births
1864 deaths
Dutch scientific instrument makers
Scientists from Utrecht (city)
Businesspeople from Utrecht (city)


West Heath is a hamlet in the Basingstoke and Deane district of Hampshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Wootton St Lawrence.  Its nearest town is Tadley.

References

External links

Villages in Hampshire


The Tijuana Christian Mission is a children's mission based in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. The mission was founded in 1964 by Martha López, the current director. The mission has grown in size since its founding, and now includes three Churches and a Children's home.

History
Founded in 1964, the mission was constructed one block from the United States–Mexico border in the city of Tijuana. The original mission goals were to start a church and Bible college; but that soon changed, however, as Sergio Gómez and Martha López noticed the large number of homeless and abused children in the city. The plans for the Church and Bible college were altered to make dormitories for the children. In the mid 1960s until the year 1970, the mission would move from place to place, until finally building a mission at Soler, which is located five miles from Tijuana beach, near the United States–Mexico border. In the Year 2007, the mission directors decided to move the children to the site at Rosarito, also known as City of Refuge at Hacienda Victoria.

Today
The mission has grown substantially since its founding, now including the soler site, three churches and children's home. A new mission is currently under construction in the nearby city of Rosarito.

References

External links
 Official organization website
 Anaheim.org profile

Buildings and structures in Tijuana


Wintershill is a hamlet in south Hampshire, England.

References

Villages in Hampshire


Marina Yevseyevna Goldovskaya (; July 15, 1941 – March 20, 2022) was a Russian-American documentary filmmaker known for her candid portrayal of people.

Early life and education
Her father worked with Eisenstein in starting the VGIK.

Career
Goldovskaya documented ordinary people, seamstresses, a female astronaut, literary and artistic legends, as well as political leaders. Born in Moscow, she was the winner of USSR State Prize in 1989.

She was he first woman to graduate as a cinematographer from the VGIK. She was assistant camera on Andrei Tarkovsky's thesis film: The Steamroller and the Violin.

Goldovskaya is credited as the first woman in Russia to be the combined director, writer, cinematographer, and producer of her films.

The recipient of many documentary film and lifetime achievement awards, she served as a professor at the UCLA School of Film and Television in Los Angeles. At UCLA she was teacher, confidant, friend and mentor to many graduate film students.

A memoir by Marina Goldovskaya, A Woman with a Movie Camera, originally published in Russian, was issued in an English translation in 2006 by Texas University Press.

Goldovskaya died on March 20, 2022, in Latvia.

Filmography
 Valentina Tereshkova (1972)
 This Is Our Profession (1973)
 Arkady Raikin (1975)
 Aleksandr Tvardovsky (1976)
 The Experiment (1978)
 Pouskin and Pouschin (1980)
 After the Harvest (1981)
 At Pouskin's Home (1982)
 Hello, It Is Beduliya Speaking (1985)
 Arkhangelsk Man (1986)
 Oleg Yefremov: For the Theater to Be... (1987)
 Solovki Power (1988)
 Tumbalalaika in America (1988)
 I Am 90, My Steps Are Light (1989)
 A Taste of Freedom (1991)
 More Than Love (1991)
 The Shattered Mirror (1992)
 The House on Arbat Street (1993)
 Lucky to be Born in Russia (International: English title) (1994)
 A Poet on the Lower East Side: A Docu-Diary on Allen Ginsberg (USA, 1997)
 The Children of Ivan Kuzmich (1997)
 The Prince Is Back (1999, 2004)
 Peter Sellars: Portrait (2004)
 Anatoly Rybakov: The Russian Story (International: English title) (2006)
 Anna Politkovskaya: The Bitter Taste of Freedom (2011)
 The Art of Observing Life: Conversations with Documentary Filmmakers (2014)

References

External links
 Goldfilms —  Producer and distributor of Marina Goldovskaya films

1941 births
2022 deaths
Mass media people from Moscow
American cinematographers
Film people from Los Angeles
Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography alumni
American women cinematographers
Soviet women cinematographers
Russian women cinematographers
Russian documentary filmmakers
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Recipients of the Lenin Komsomol Prize
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
Women documentary filmmakers
Russian emigrants to the United States
20th-century Russian women
21st-century American women


"Fable" is a song by Italian musician Robert Miles, released in May 1996 as the second single from his debut album, Dreamland (1996). The song features uncredited vocals from Fiorella Quinn. Like "Children", the single received universal acclaim. It was a hit in several countries, reaching number one in Italy and entering the top 10 in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Spain, Switzerland and UK. In 1997, the song charted on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart, on which it peaked at number one for one week.

Critical reception
AllMusic editor Jose F. Promis wrote that the song "continues with the same formula he utilized in "Children", this time using ethereal female chant-like vocals (also included is an instrumental version of "Fable")." Larry Flick from Billboard noted that "on this third instrumental epic from the highly influential album "Dreamland" Miles continues to blend racing dance beats with new-age sweetened keyboards with a flair that is difficult to fully duplicate or describe. You simply have to let the melody wash over your senses, while the groove inspires your body to move." A reviewer from Music Week rated the song three out of five. The magazine's Alan Jones added, "Robert Miles follows his platinum single Children with Fable, another enchanting instrumental outing. It's a tad too similar, with the same throbbing NRGetic underpinning and lush strings with only the slight overlaid melody to distinguish it. Pleasant, easy listening and a hit—but don't expect it to come near Children in the popularity stakes."

Music video
The accompanying music video for "Fable" was directed by Maria Mochnacz. In it, Robert Miles falls asleep on his sofa, in front of the television. On the wall behind him, three girls are performing a choreography of synchronized swimming.

Track listings

CD single
 Belgium
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:50
 "Fable" (message radio edit) – 4:00

 France
 "Fable" (message radio edit) – 4:08
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:52

CD maxi
 France
 "Fable" (message radio edit) – 4:08
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:52
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (extended message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:22
 "Fable" (wake edit) – 4:42
 "Fable" (psycho version) – 4:30

 Germany
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:50
 "Fable" (message radio edit) – 4:00
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:23
 "Fable" (extended message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (psycho version - NRG mix) – 4:28
 "Fable" (wake edit) – 4:44

 Italy
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:56
 "Fable" (message radio edit) – 4:11
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (message version) – 7:44
 "Fable" (club version) – 6:22
 "Fable" (wake-up version) – 4:44
 "Fable" (psycho version) – 4:30

 Netherlands
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:56
 "Fable" (message radio) – 4:11
 "Fable" (wake up version) – 4:30
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12

 UK
 "Fable" (radio edit) – 3:50
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (message radio edit) – 4:00
 "Fable" (message version) – 7:30
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:15
 "Fable" (wake up version) – 4:30
 "Fable" (psycho version) – 4:20

12" maxi
 Belgium
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (wake up version) – 4:30
 "Fable" (message version) – 7:30
 "Fable" (NRG mix) – 4:20

 France
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (wake up) – 4:44
 "Fable" (message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (psycho version) – 4:28

 Germany
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (club version) – 6:23
 "Fable" (message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (psycho version - NRG mix) – 4:28
 "Fable" (wake up) – 4:44

 Italy
 "Fable" (message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (psycho version - NRG mix) – 4:28
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (wake-up version) – 4:44

 UK
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (wake up version) – 4:30
 "Fable" (extended message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:15

Double 12"
 France
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (extended message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (wake up) – 4:42
 "Fable" (psycho version) – 4:30
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:22

 Germany
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:23
 "Fable" (extended message version) – 7:43
 "Fable" (psycho version - NRG mix) – 4:28
 "Fable" (wake up) – 4:44

 Italy
 "Fable" (extended version) – 7:12
 "Fable" (extended message version) – 7:43
 "Wake Up" – 4:44
 "Fable" (psycho version - NRG mix) – 4:28
 "Fable" (club mix) – 6:23

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

1990s instrumentals
1996 singles
1996 songs
Arista Records singles
Deconstruction Records singles
Electronic songs
Robert Miles songs
Number-one singles in Italy
Songs written by Robert Miles


Wolverton is a village in north Hampshire, England.  It is within the civil parish of Baughurst, and located approximately  from both Newbury and Basingstoke.

History
Named in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Ulvretune, Wolverton has a royal history.  Circa 885, King Alfred gave the area – along with neighbouring Baughurst – to the Diocese of Winchester.

Pipe Rolls identify the existence of a royal household in the village as early as the 12th century, and that Eleanor of Aquitaine resided there in 1165 while her husband – Henry II – was in Normandy.  The manor of Wolverton remained in royal ownership through the reigns of King John and Henry III, until possession was gained by the family of Peter Fitz Herbert some time after 1217.

In 1837, Sir Peter Pole sold the manor to Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, and it remained part of the Wellington estate until 1943. The present-day Wolverton House is a late-Georgian manor house, near to St Catherine's Church.

References

External links

Villages in Hampshire


In differential geometry there are a number of second-order, linear, elliptic differential operators bearing the name Laplacian.  This article provides an overview of some of them.

Connection Laplacian
The connection Laplacian, also known as the rough Laplacian, is a differential operator acting on the various tensor bundles of a manifold, defined in terms of a Riemannian- or pseudo-Riemannian metric.  When applied to functions (i.e. tensors of rank 0), the connection
Laplacian is often called the Laplace–Beltrami operator.  It is defined as the trace of the second covariant derivative:

where T is any tensor,  is the Levi-Civita connection associated to the metric, and the trace is taken with respect to
the metric.  Recall that the second covariant derivative of T is defined as

Note that with this definition, the connection Laplacian has negative spectrum.  On functions, it agrees with
the operator given as the divergence of the gradient.

If the connection of interest is the Levi-Civita connection one can find a convenient formula for the Laplacian of a scalar function in terms of partial derivatives with respect to a coordinate system:

where  is a scalar function,  is absolute value of the determinant of the metric (absolute value is necessary in the pseudo-Riemannian case, e.g. in General Relativity) and  denotes the inverse of the metric tensor.

Hodge Laplacian
The Hodge Laplacian, also known as the Laplace–de Rham operator, is a differential operator acting on differential forms.  (Abstractly,
it is a second order operator on each exterior power of the cotangent bundle.)  This operator is defined on any manifold equipped with
a Riemannian- or pseudo-Riemannian metric.

where d is the exterior derivative or differential and δ is the codifferential.  The Hodge Laplacian on a compact manifold has nonnegative spectrum.

The connection Laplacian may also be taken to act on differential forms by restricting it to act on skew-symmetric tensors.  The connection Laplacian differs from the Hodge Laplacian by means of a Weitzenböck identity.

Bochner Laplacian
The Bochner Laplacian is defined differently from the connection Laplacian, but the two will turn out to differ only by a sign, whenever the former is defined.  Let M be a compact, oriented manifold equipped with a metric.  Let E be a vector bundle over M equipped with a fiber metric and a compatible connection, .  This connection gives rise to a differential operator

where  denotes smooth sections of E, and T*M is the cotangent bundle of M.  It is possible to take the -adjoint of , giving a differential operator

The Bochner Laplacian is given by

which is a second order operator acting on sections of the vector bundle E.  Note that the connection Laplacian and Bochner Laplacian differ only by a sign:

Lichnerowicz Laplacian
The Lichnerowicz Laplacian is defined on symmetric tensors by taking  to be the symmetrized covariant derivative.  The Lichnerowicz Laplacian is then defined by , where  is the formal adjoint.  The Lichnerowicz Laplacian differs from the usual tensor Laplacian by a Weitzenbock formula involving the Riemann curvature tensor, and has natural applications in the study of Ricci flow and the prescribed Ricci curvature problem.

Conformal Laplacian
On a Riemannian manifold, one can define the conformal Laplacian as an operator on smooth functions; it differs from the Laplace–Beltrami operator by a term involving the scalar curvature of the underlying metric.  In dimension n ≥ 3, the conformal Laplacian, denoted L, acts on a smooth function u by

where Δ is the Laplace-Beltrami operator (of negative spectrum), and R is the scalar curvature.  This operator often makes an appearance when studying how the scalar curvature behaves under a conformal change of a Riemannian metric.  If n ≥ 3 and g is a metric and u is a smooth, positive function, then the conformal metric

has scalar curvature given by

More generally, the action of the conformal Laplacian of g̃ on smooth functions φ can be related to that of the conformal Laplacian of g via the transformation rule

Comparisons
Below is a table summarizing the various Laplacian operators, including the most general vector bundle on which they act, and what structure is required for the manifold and vector bundle.  All of these operators are second order, linear, and elliptic.

See also
Weitzenböck identity

References

Differential operators
Differential geometry


Vodlozersky National Park () is a national park in the north of Russia, located in Onezhsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Pudozhsky District in the Republic of Karelia. It was established April 20, 1991. Since 2001, the National Park has the status of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. The national park was created to protect coniferous forests (taiga) of Northern Russia.

The park covers ; additionally,  are used by the park but belong to third parties. At the time of creation, Vodlozersky National Park was the second-largest national park in Europe after Yugyd Va National Park. The park area includes Lake Vodlozero, the river basin of the Ileksa, the main inflow of the lake, and the upper course of the Vodla, the outflow.

History
The first people settled in the Lake Vodlozero area in the prehistoric time, around six to eight thousand years BC. Russians (Novgorodians colonized the lake area when they were looking for trade routes leading to the White Sea. Lake Vodlozero was one of the points on the route which further lead to the Onega River, and it was colonized in the 14th to 15th centuries. There are several dozen monuments of wooden architecture (18th- to 19th-century) located in the park. The most prominent one is Ilyinsky Pogost, an ensemble of a wooden church surrounded by a wall. In the beginning of the 20th century, there were about 40 villages around Lake Vodlozero, most of which are currently deserted.

The national park was created in 1991 and became one of the first national parks in Russia. In 1996 the park was considered for inclusion as a World Heritage Site but was rejected.

The reason for the rejection was that it was not a "natural" site. Currently, it is being resubmitted under the criteria of a "cultural landscape."

Location and geography

The two parts of the National Park—the southern part, around Lake Vodlozero, and the northern part, in the river valley of the Ileksa—are characterized by different climate. The northern part has the climate typical for the northern taiga, with long and cold winters (the minimum temperature recorded in the park was ). The climate of the southern part is more mild.

The northern part is hilly, with hills up to  high. In the northern part, there is Vetreny Poyas Ridge (, literally translated as The Windy Belt)/ The southern part is almost flat.

There are many lakes in the park. By far the biggest one is Lake Vodlozero, however, there are also lakes in the Ileksa river basin, including Lake Monastyrskoye, Lake Nelmozero, Lake Luzskoye. Swamps cover about 40% of the area of the park.

Almost the whole area of the part is covered by woods. Of these, 53.5% are spruce forests, 44.1% are pine forests, and about 2% are birch (Betula pubescens and Betula pendula) and aspen forests.

Tourism and infrastructure

There is only one settlement in the limits of the park, the village of Kuganavolok. It is connected by road with the town of Pudozh. There is a visitor center in the village. There are also some recreation facilities as well as camping places elsewhere in the park.

All visitors of the park need to buy a permit at a visitor center (in the park or in Petrozavodsk).

The Ileksa and the Vodla are popular for whitewater rafting. There are birdwatching and fishing facilities.

References

External links

 UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve - Directory Description for Vodlozersky

National parks of Russia
Biosphere reserves of Russia
Tourist attractions in Arkhangelsk Oblast
Tourist attractions in the Republic of Karelia
Protected areas established in 1991
Pudozhsky District


Zouch Tate (1606–1650) was an English Member of Parliament.

Life
He was the son of Sir William Tate and Elizabeth, daughter of Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche, and nephew of Francis Tate. He matriculated on 26 October 1621 at Trinity College, Oxford, and entered the Middle Temple in 1625.

Tate represented Northampton in the Long Parliament, and swore the Solemn League and Covenant. In November 1644, he was appointed chairman of a committee to investigate Cromwell's accusations against the army, and on 9 December 1644 he moved the Self-denying Ordinance in the House of Commons, proposing that no member of the Lords or Commons should hold any military or naval command.

A speech delivered on 30 July 1645 was printed in Observations on the King and Queen's Cabinet of Letters, 1645. Although not one of those members excluded by Pride's Purge in December 1648, he is not recorded as having sat afterwards. He died in 1650.

References
Concise Dictionary of National Biography (1930)
D. Brunton & D. H. Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
 www.british-civil-wars.co.uk

Notes

Attribution

1606 births
1650 deaths
English MPs 1640–1648
Lay members of the Westminster Assembly
Members of the Middle Temple
Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford


Wolverton Common is a hamlet in north Hampshire, England. Its nearest town is Tadley, which lies approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) east from the hamlet.

References

External links

Villages in Hampshire


List

References

A


Life's Little Ironies is a collection of tales written by Thomas Hardy,  originally published in 1894, and republished with a slightly different collection of stories, for the Uniform Edition in 1927/8.

1927 edition contents

An Imaginative Woman
The Son's Veto
For Conscience' Sake
A Tragedy Of Two Ambitions
On the Western Circuit
To Please His Wife
The Fiddler of the Reels
A Few Crusted Characters—
Introduction
Tony Kytes, the Arch-Deceiver
The History of the Hardcomes
The Superstitious Man's Story
Andrey Satchel and the Parson and Clerk
Old Andrey's Experience as a Musician
Absent-Mindedness in a Parish Choir
The Winters and the Palmleys
Incident in the Life of Mr. George Crookhill
Netty Sargent's Copyhold

There is a Prefatory Note to the revised edition, written by the author, which says this of the above contents:
“Of the following collection the first story, ‘An Imaginative Woman’, originally stood in Wessex Tales, but was brought into this volume as being more nearly its place, turning as it does upon a trick of Nature, so to speak, a physical possibility that may attach to a wife of vivid imaginings, as is well known to medical practitioners and other observers of such manifestations. The two stories named ‘A Tradition of Eighteen Hundred and Four’ and 'The Melancholy Hussar of the German Legion’, which were formerly printed in this series, were also transferred to Wessex Tales, where they more naturally belong.
The above alterations were first made in the Uniform Edition in 1927. The present narratives and sketches, though separately published at various antecedent dates, were first collected and issued in a volume in 1894. T.H.”

The original collection came out as a pocket edition in 1907 (reprinted nine times); the 1927 revision was reset and issued 1928 (reprinted 1929, 1937, 1953). Six of the stories (excluding "To Please His Wife" and "A Few Crusted Characters") appeared in the Penguin Classic The Fiddler of the Reels and Other Stories.

Film and TV adaptations

Two of the short stories were adapted as one-off TV dramas by the BBC in the 1973 anthology Wessex Tales:
A Tragedy of Two Ambitions (21 November 1973 / BBC2)
An Imaginative Woman (28 November 1973 / BBC2).

References

External links

1894 short story collections
Short story collections by Thomas Hardy


List

References

B