Candice Dana Wiggins (born February 14, 1987) is an American former professional basketball player. Wiggins played college basketball at Stanford University, where she graduated as the all-time leading scorer in Stanford and Pac-10 women's basketball history. Throughout her playing career, Wiggins played for the Minnesota Lynx, Tulsa Shock, Los Angeles Sparks and New York Liberty of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and has played overseas in Spain and Greece. Wiggins has won a WNBA championship (2011) and a WNBA Sixth Woman of the Year (2008).

Early life
Candice Wiggins was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1987 where her father, Alan Wiggins, played Major League Baseball for the Baltimore Orioles. After playing for the Orioles, her father,  with wife Angela, son Alan Jr., and daughters Cassandra and Candice moved back to the San Diego, California area, where he had previously played for the San Diego Padres.

When Wiggins was three years of age, she was hit by a car backing out of a driveway and almost lost one of her eyes. When Wiggins was in the first grade, she scored 30 points playing against fourth graders in basketball. By the time she was in fifth grade, she had to play on boys' teams so she could play at a competitive level.

Wiggins' father died of AIDS when Wiggins was only four years old.  "It was a scary time. No one would talk about it," Wiggins recalls. "A young girl wants to know about her Dad dying of AIDS. But it was taboo," she said. Wiggins has partnered with Until There's A Cure (UTAC), a non-profit organization that raises awareness and funds to combat AIDS through the sale of The Bracelet.

High school career
Wiggins attended La Jolla Country Day School in La Jolla, California for high school. She was a four-year letter-winner in both volleyball and basketball. In all four years of high school she was named CIF Division IV Player of the year for basketball. Wiggins was a McDonald's All-American as a Senior. She also led La Jolla Country Day to the state championship game in each of her four seasons, winning it twice. She also captained the United States Junior National Team that won gold. Many high school recruiting services listed her as the best shooting guard in the nation and a top five player in the Class of 2004.

College career

Freshman year
When Wiggins came to Stanford University she was offered a scholarship for both basketball and volleyball. As a freshman on the basketball team, Wiggins led Stanford to a 32–3 record and an Elite Eight appearance. She averaged 17.5 points per game and was named both the Pac-10 Conference Freshman of the Year and Player of The Year. This was the first time in the conference history that a freshman won the Player of the Year Award. Wiggins, along with Georgia's Tasha Humphrey, was named National Co-Freshman of the Year. She made second team All-American and was a Kodak All-American, the only freshman on either list.

Sophomore year
During her sophomore year, Wiggins led Stanford to a 26–8 record and another Elite Eight appearance where they lost to LSU. She averaged 21.8 points per game and made 90 three-pointers over the course of the season. She was again named Pac-10 Player of The Year and Second team All-American, as well as Kodak All-American.

Junior year
As a junior, Wiggins led Stanford to a 29–5 record and a No. 2 seed in the NCAA Tournament, but the Cardinal were upset in Round 2 by Florida State, 68–61. She missed 5 games due to ankle and hamstring injuries, but averaged 16.9 points per game. Devanei Hampton of Cal won the Pac-10 Player of the Year Award this season. However, Wiggins was the only Pac-10 Player to be a Kodak All-American as she again made second team.

Wiggins played for the USA team in the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The team won all five games, earning the gold medal for the event.

Senior year
In her senior season, Stanford started the season ranked No. 8 but moved up the polls with victories over No. 3 Rutgers (thanks to Wiggins hitting 2 free throws with 0.1 seconds left), and No. 10 Baylor.  On January 31, 2008, Wiggins scored 18 points in a win over USC at Maples Pavilion and passed Kate Starbird as the all-time leading scorer in Stanford women's basketball history.   On March 2, 2008, she scored 24 points against Washington State to pass Lisa Leslie as the all-time leading scorer in Pac-10 women's basketball history. She was named the Pac-10 Player of The Year for the 2007–2008 season, the third time she had received the award.

On March 24, 2008, Wiggins scored a career-high 44 points, pulled down 10 rebounds, and dished out eight assists in an 88–54 win over UTEP as Stanford advanced to the Sweet Sixteen of the 2008 NCAA tournament. A week later, her 41 points propelled Stanford to its first Final Four appearance since 1997, where they would reach the final before losing to the University of Tennessee. During the NCAA Tournament, Wiggins became the only player in NCAA women's basketball history to score 40 or more points in multiple NCAA Tournament games.

Wiggins is one of only seven women's basketball players to have been a four-time All American. On April 4, 2008, Wiggins was awarded the Lowe's Senior CLASS Award. The following day, Wiggins was awarded the Wade Trophy as the best women's college basketball player in NCAA Division I.

Wiggins is a member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority, and became a member of the Omicron Chi Chapter in Spring 2007. She graduated from Stanford with a degree in communications in the spring of 2008.

College statistics
Source

WNBA career

Early career (2008–2010)
Wiggins was chosen by the Minnesota Lynx as the third overall pick in the 2008 WNBA draft.

On May 18, 2008, Wiggins played in her first WNBA game. She scored 15 points, pulled down 4 rebounds, had four steals, and dished out four assists as the Lynx defeated the Detroit Shock, 84–70. Wiggins was named WNBA Rookie of the Month for the month of June 2008. She suffered an injury during the first quarter of a July 24, 2008 game against the Indiana Fever. She was removed from the court in a wheelchair. Wiggins went on to win the 2008 WNBA Sixth Woman of the Year Award and was also named to the WNBA All-Rookie Team after averaging a career-high 15.7 ppg off the bench for the Lynx.

In her second season, Wiggins became the starting point guard for the Lynx. On June 29, 2009, Wiggins was awarded the Player of the Week Award for the Western Conference.

In the 2010 season, Wiggins was moved back to the bench as a backup point guard after the Lynx traded for all-star Lindsay Whalen. In June 2010, Wiggins ruptured her Achilles tendon with just eight seconds remaining in a game against the New York Liberty; the injury ended her season after eight games.

Later career and WNBA championship (2011–2016)
Wiggins returned to action in 2011 as a primary backup at the guard position. The Lynx were much improved, and in September, Wiggins saw the first playoff action of her career. In October 2011, Wiggins won her first WNBA championship after the Lynx defeated the Atlanta Dream in the Finals.

On March 1, 2013, Wiggins was traded to the Tulsa Shock in a three-team deal.

Wiggins signed with the Los Angeles Sparks on April 2, 2014.

On March 9, 2015, Wiggins signed with the New York Liberty.

Retirement
On March 22, 2016, Wiggins announced her retirement from the WNBA after eight seasons. Despite being only 29 years old and without a career-threatening injury, Wiggins expressed in a letter about her retirement that she was ready to move on from playing professional basketball.

In a 2017 interview with The San Diego Union-Tribune, Wiggins revealed more about what led her to retire from basketball. Calling the league's culture "very, very harmful" and "toxic to me", she alleged that she had been bullied on the court throughout her WNBA career for being heterosexual and nationally popular. Wiggins added, "I wanted to play two more seasons of WNBA, but the experience didn’t lend itself to my mental state." During the interview, she remarked:Me being heterosexual and straight, and being vocal in my identity as a straight woman was huge. I would say 98 percent of the women in the WNBA are gay women. It was a conformist type of place. There was a whole different set of rules they (the other players) could apply."

Wiggins' remarks led to a major backlash from many WNBA players and other sports figures, but she largely stood by them. She did clarify her "98 percent" remark, saying: "It was my way to illustrate the isolation that I felt personally. I felt like the 2 percent versus the 98 percent."

WNBA career statistics

Regular season

|-
| align="left" | 2008
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 30 || 1 || 27.5 || .403 || .306 || .817 || 3.2 || 3.0 || 1.8 || 0.2 || 1.9 || 15.7
|-
| align="left" | 2009
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 34 || 34 || 29.9 || .375 || .321 || .893 || 2.9 || 2.6 || 1.2 || 0.2 || 2.4 || 13.1
|-
| align="left" | 2010
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 8 || 7 || 29.8 || .405 || .457 || .967 || 2.8 || 2.1 || 1.8 || 0.0 || 2.4 || 13.8
|-
|style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2011†
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 34 || 0 || 17.1 || .386 || .395 || .625 || 1.9 || 1.5 || 0.5 || 0.2 || 0.9 || 5.9
|-
| align="left" | 2012
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 34 || 1 || 21.8 || .360 || .397 || .865 || 2.1 || 2.0 || 0.7 || 0.1 || 1.8 || 6.8
|-
| align="left" | 2013
| align="left" | Tulsa
| 32 || 31 || 27.4 || .363 || .363 || .792 || 2.9 || 2.0 || 1.2 || 0.2 || 1.8 || 10.1
|-
| align="left" | 2014
| align="left" | Los Angeles
| 17 || 0 || 13.9 || .188 || .250 || .800 || 1.2 || 0.9 || 0.7 || 0.2 || 0.6 || 1.6
|-
| align="left" | 2015
| align="left" | New York
| 32 || 2 || 12.9 || .318 || .392 || .684 || 1.9 || 0.8 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 1.0 || 2.8
|-
| align="left" | Career
| align="left" | 8 years, 4 teams
| 221 || 76 || 22.3 || .371 || .363 || .833 || 2.4 || 1.9 || 1.0 || 0.2 || 1.6 || 8.6

Playoffs

|-
|style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2011†
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 8 || 0 || 16.0 || .345 || .348 || .667 || 1.6 || 1.3 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 1.1 || 4.0
|-
| align="left" | 2012
| align="left" | Minnesota
| 9 || 0 || 14.0 || .160 || .235 || 1.000 || 1.0 || 1.1 || 0.6 || 0.0 || 1.1 || 1.6
|-
| align="left" | 2014
| align="left" | Los Angeles
| 2 || 0 || 7.5 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 0.5 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0
|-
| align="left" | 2015
| align="left" | New York
| 6 || 0 || 14.7 || .409 || .438 || 1.000 || 1.7 || 1.5 || 0.8 || 0.0 || 1.2 || 4.5
|-
| align="left" | Career
| align="left" | 4 years, 3 teams
| 25 || 0 || 14.3 || .291 || .328 || .800 || 1.3 || 1.2 || 0.5 || 0.0 || 1.0 || 2.9

USA Basketball
Wiggins was a member of the USA Women's U18 team which won the gold medal at the FIBA Americas Championship in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. The event was held in August 2004, when the USA team defeated Puerto Rico to win the championship. Wiggins was the third leading scorer for the team, averaging 15.2 points per game.

Wiggins continued with the team as it became the U19 team, and competed in the 2005 U19 World Championships in Tunis, Tunisia. The USA team won all eight games, winning the gold medal. Wiggins was the second leading scorer for the team, averaging 15.8 points per game and was second on the team for steals with 16.

U.S. National Team
Wiggins was invited to try out for the United States Senior National Team and was named as an injury replacement or alternate. Along with Candace Parker and Courtney Paris, she was one of the only college players to be named to the team. She spent the summer of 2007 playing in Chile with different United States National teams and was eventually named United States Basketball Female Athlete of The Year for 2007.

Wiggins was invited to the USA Basketball Women's National Team training camp in the fall of 2009. The team selected to play for the 2010 FIBA World Championship and the 2012 Olympics is usually chosen from these participants. At the conclusion of the training camp, the team will travel to Ekaterinburg, Russia, where they compete in the 2009 UMMC Ekaterinburg International Invitational.

In 2011, Wiggins was again chosen for the national team initial training camps, from which USA Basketball would select the team to represent the US in the 2012 Olympics, though Wiggins was ultimately not selected for the senior national team.

Sports diplomacy
In September 2013 and November 2014, Wiggins traveled to Nicaragua and then Chile as a SportsUnited Sports Envoy for the U.S. Department of State. In this function, she worked with Jennifer Lacy and Alex English to conduct basketball clinics and events for more than 850 youth and women from underserved areas.

See also
 2008 WNBA draft

References

External links
 Stanford Univ. Athletic Profile

1987 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
All-American college women's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Greece
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American women's basketball players
Basketball players at the 2007 Pan American Games
Delta Sigma Theta members
Guards (basketball)
Los Angeles Sparks players
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Minnesota Lynx draft picks
Minnesota Lynx players
New York Liberty players
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
Pan American Games medalists in basketball
Parade High School All-Americans (girls' basketball)
Ros Casares Valencia players
Stanford Cardinal women's basketball players
The Challenge (TV series) contestants
Tulsa Shock players
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Basketball players from Baltimore
Basketball players from San Diego
21st-century African-American sportspeople
21st-century African-American women
20th-century African-American people
20th-century African-American women
United States women's national basketball team players


Immigration to Malaysia is the process by which people migrate to Malaysia to reside in the country. The majority of these individuals become Malaysian citizens. After 1957, domestic immigration law and policy went through major changes, most notably with the Immigration Act 1959/63. Malaysian immigration policies are still evolving.

In Malaysia there are four categories of immigrants: family class (closely related persons of Malaysian residents living in Malaysia), economic immigrants (skilled workers and business people), other (people accepted as immigrants for humanitarian or compassionate reasons) and refugees (people who are escaping persecution, torture or cruel and unusual punishment).

Currently, Malaysia is known as a country with a broad immigration policy which is reflected in Malaysia's ethnic diversity. According to the 2010 census by the Department of Statistics Malaysia, Malaysia has more than 50 ethnic groups with at least 40% of  Malaysians being a first- or second-generation immigrant; also around 30% of Malaysian residents in late 2010s are not born on Malaysian soil.

History

Pre-colonial migration
For most of human history people were free to move between regions. Malaysia's first generation of migrants consisted of indigenous peoples, the Orang Asli, believed either to have been among the first wave of human migration from Africa around 50,000 years ago, or to belong to the more recent events of Asian human evolution.

The Malay Peninsula enjoyed a position of strategic importance, connecting Indochina and the Indonesian archipelago, on the trade routes from China to India.  As a result, it grew from port towns that thrived on trade, and hosted the next groups of migrants as merchants became domiciled in the ports, some settling permanently and assimilating into the local communities. By the 5th century, networks of these towns had evolved into organised political spheres of influence that contemporary historians describe as mandalas, as each was defined by its centre rather than its borders. At
the periphery, control is less certain, borders may become permeable, In fact, mandalas sometimes overlapped, where areas could be subject to several powers, or none.

Langkasuka was among the earliest kingdoms founded on the Malay Peninsula, believed to have been founded in the 2nd century. By the 8th century it had come under the control of the powerful Srivijaya empire, that was based on the island of Sumatra (now part of Indonesia). In the 15th century, the centre of power shifted from Sumatra to the Malay Peninsula as the Malacca Sultanate succeeded Srivijaya as the region's dominant influence. In addition to being linked by political rule, Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula were also linked by intermarriage between Sumatran and Peninsular ruling elite, which led to migration of their followers.

Other significant early migrants are those now classified as Melayu Anak Dagang: non-Malays that migrated to the region and later assimilated into Malay culture (contrasted with Melayu Anak Jati: ethnic Malays that are native to the region):

 Minangkabau people from Sumatra, Indonesia.  A renowned Malaysian of Minangkabau descent is Tuanku Abdul Rahman, the first Supreme Head of State (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) of the Federation of Malaya (the former government of Peninsular Malaysia).
 Bugis people from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Two renowned Malaysians of Bugis descent are Tun Abdul Razak, the 2nd Prime Minister of Malaysia, and his son Najib Razak, the 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia.

Researcher Anthony Reid draws another conclusion from this history - that Malaysia, like the US and Australia, is best viewed as an immigrant society:

The colonial era

The next wave of migration, by Europeans, was particularly significant as it signaled the beginning of the colonial era. The Portuguese arrived first, setting up in Malacca in 1511, while the English East India Company began operation in 1600, and the Dutch East India Company in 1602. As these Europeans settled in this region, they also married locals and other non-Europeans. The inter-racial marriages account for a new set of people in Malaysia, called the Eurasians. Adding these new groups to the Arab, Chinese, Indian, and Southeast Asian traders who settled, resulted in the urban complexes of Malacca and Penang becoming extraordinarily plural places, with no dominant community up to the mid-19th Century.

Although the colonial powers established ‘political’ boundaries to demarcate their respective territories, borders were kept open, mainly because of sparse population, and also to encourage immigration and the development of colonial territories.

After the Dutch moved to Indonesia, and with the British acquisitions of Penang (1786), Singapore (1819), Malacca (1824), and British influence in Sarawak (1841) and Sabah (1882), the British became the dominant investor in the region that would become Malaysia.

British colonial immigration policy and goals can be divided into three phases.

During the first phase, 1900–27, the country witnessed the expansion of the tin and rubber industries, along with construction of supporting infrastructure, and the entry of thousands of migrant workers to labor in these enterprises. The immigration rate (immigrants per 1,000 population) of Malaya (Peninsula Malaysia and Singapore) was the highest in the world throughout the period 1881-1939, more than ten times the rate of the United States. For Chinese, Indian and Indonesian, entry was completely free and unrestricted.

While Chinese, Indian, and Javanese migrants were often fleeing destitution caused by overpopulation, landlessness, or political turmoil, the indigenous people and Malays generally were not subject to these hardships. Thus, they were not receptive to working as wage labourers for the British colonizers. This meant the colonizers could not meet their aggressive goals of resource exploitation with existing stock of labour, leading them to invite/attract more migrant workers.
Under the British colonial administration a divide and rule policy kept the immigrant workers apart from each other, and from the indigenous population, with the local Malays and the Indonesians confined to the rural areas as peasant farmers, the Indians mainly employed as wage labour in the plantations and in the infrastructure construction sectors, while the Chinese worked in the tin mines and in trade and commerce in the urban areas. This pattern of economic and geographical segregation continued to linger on in post-colonial Malaysia, as a legacy of colonial rule.

The second phase, during 1928–46, began when the colonial government enacted its first piece of restrictive legislation: the Immigration Restriction Ordinance. This legislation enabled the government to establish a basic framework for border controls, and empowered it with the means to control the entry of labor deemed surplus to the requirements of the country. The Great Depression brought rising unemployment and depressed economic conditions, forcing the closure of some mines and rubber estates.  This prompted the government to impose a monthly quota on adult Chinese male immigration from August 1930. In January 1933 the Immigration Restriction Ordinance was replaced by the Aliens Ordinance. The Aliens Ordinance provided the colonial state with a mechanism for registering aliens resident in Malaya and represented an important stage in the development of statutes and measures to monitor immigrants in Malaya.

During the third phase, 1947–57, the Aliens Ordinance was replaced by the Immigration Ordinance of 1953. This Ordinance, coinciding with rising Malay nationalist sentiment, resulted in even more stringent border controls and laid down for the first time the specific composition of migrants allowed entry into Malaya, restricting by nationality and occupation, and thus placed greater emphasis on the skills of the migrants. New stipulations required potential immigrants to have job contracts of at least two years with Malayan firms and set a minimum earnings requirement.

Finally, the Malayan Emergency (1948–60) resulted in the introduction of the Internal Security Act (ISA), and a compulsory system of identification cards for all residents aged twelve years and over. The identity cards categorized people on the basis of their nationality and residential/occupational status and, in effect, created the ‘outsider’. This an enduring legacy of colonial rule, adapted to the needs of the national state.

Post-colonial migration

Major sources of immigration

Malaysian immigrant population by country of origin

This list includes both pre and post independence immigrants.

Illegal immigration in Malaysia

See also
 Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Malaysia)
 Department of Immigration (Malaysia)
 Malaysia My Second Home
 Malaysian diaspora
 Project IC, corruption and electoral demographics

References

Demographics of Malaysia


Roger Federer defeated Gaël Monfils 6–3, 7–6(7–5) to win the 2006 Qatar Open singles tennis tournament. He did not lose a single set in the entire tournament.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Section 1

Section 2

External links
 Singles draw
 Qualifying draw

2006 Qatar Open
Qatar Open (tennis)
2006 ATP Tour


Nameless Sylvan Reserve is a  nature reserve on the Illawarra Escapment of south-eastern New South Wales, Australia.  It is  north of Berry, and close to the Barren Grounds Nature Reserve.  It is owned and managed by Bush Heritage Australia (BHA), to which it was donated in 2007 by Louise Sylvan.

Landscape and biota
The property is steeply sloped, with Irwin's Creek flowing through the reserve; the lower part protects a scarce remnant of Illawarra subtropical rainforest, while the higher part holds temperate rainforest.  Plant species include the Giant Stinging Tree, Red Cedar and Brush Bloodwood, as well as various kinds of figs.  The principal management needs are the control of weeds and feral animals.

From the animal world, Freshwater Crayfish, Platypus and Swamp Wallabies can be found here.

References

External links
 Bush Heritage Australia

Bush Heritage Australia reserves
Nature reserves in New South Wales
2007 establishments in Australia


(Heaven laughs! Earth exults), 31, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach for the first day of Easter. Bach composed the cantata in Weimar and first performed it on 21 April 1715.

History and words
On 2 March 1714 Bach was appointed concertmaster of the Weimar court capelle of the co-reigning dukes Wilhelm Ernst and Ernst August of Saxe-Weimar. As concertmaster, he assumed the principal responsibility for composing new works, specifically cantatas for the  (palace church), on a monthly schedule. Bach composed the cantata for Easter Sunday in 1715. The prescribed readings for the feast day were from the First letter to the Corinthians, "Christ is our Easter lamb" (), and from the Gospel of Mark, the Resurrection of Jesus (). The text was written by the Weimar poet Salomon Franck who published it in  (Evangelical Devotional Offering). The verses consist purely of free poetry and interpret the Easter message, connected to the request to believers to let Jesus also be resurrected within their souls. The final movement, the last verse of the chorale "" (When my hour is come) by Nikolaus Herman, expresses the desire to die, to follow Jesus in resurrection.

Bach first performed the cantata on 21 April 1715. Looking at the rich scoring of three instrumental groups and a five-part choir, John Eliot Gardiner suggests that the cantata was not performed in the court's small , but in the town church St. Peter und Paul, where the ducal family evidently at times attended services. Bach later performed the cantata several times in Leipzig in a slightly modified form. There is proof of performances for the years 1724 and 1731; a further performance in 1735 is probable as well. Since the Weimar tuning of the organ, which served as a reference for the string instruments, was probably a third higher than the standard tuning tone in Leipzig, Bach had to either leave out the voices of the reed instruments or rewrite them for the Leipzig performances, or to replace the parts by different instruments.

Scoring and structure
The cantata in nine movements is festively scored for three vocal soloists (soprano, tenor  and bass), a five-part choir (SSATB), three trumpets, timpani, three oboes, taille (tenor oboe), bassoon, two violins, two violas, two cellos and basso continuo. The scoring for five parts in the choir, five parts in the woodwinds and six parts in the strings is unusual.

Music
The festive character of the work is demonstrated by a sonata with a fanfare-like introduction, a concerto of the three groups brass, reeds and strings, all divided in many parts. The first choral movement, sung by a five-part chorus, evokes the "celestial laughter and worldly jubilation" of the text, according to John Eliot Gardiner, who continues:

The bass voice announces the resurrection of Jesus in a recitative and continues in an aria, both accompanied only by the continuo. The aria, marked Molto adagio, praises Jesus as "Prince of life" and "strong fighter".

The higher tenor voice addresses in a recitative the soul to look to the "new life in spirit", followed by a bright aria, accompanied by the strings, which speaks of "" (the new man), free from sin.

The highest voice, the soprano, sings in the first person as the soul in a recitative, convinced of taking part in the resurrection. In the last aria, soprano and solo oboe in echo-effects contrast with low-lying unison strings, which already anticipate the closing chorale's melody. The hymn is a "death-bed chorale", set for a four-part choir, crowned by a descant from the trumpet and first violin.

Recordings
 The RIAS Bach Cantatas Project (1949–1952), Karl Ristenpart, RIAS-Kammerchor, RIAS-Kammerorchester, Lilo Rolwes, Helmut Krebs, Gerhard Niese, Audite 1950
 J. S. Bach: Cantata No. 31; Seven Easter Chorales, Felix Prohaska, Wiener Kammerchor, Wiener Kammerorchester, Anny Felbermayer, Waldemar Kmentt, Walter Berry, Bach Guild 1952
 J. S. Bach: Cantata BWV 31 & Magnificat BWV 243, Marcel Couraud, Stuttgarter Bach-Chor, Badische Staatskapelle, Friederike Sailer, Fritz Wunderlich, August Messthaler, Philips 1956
 Les Grandes Cantates de J. S. Bach Vol. 17, Fritz Werner, Heinrich-Schütz-Chor Heilbronn, Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra, Agnes Giebel, Helmut Krebs, Erich Wenk, Erato 1963
 J. S. Bach: Das Kantatenwerk · Complete Cantatas · Les Cantates, Folge / Vol. 9, Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Wiener Sängerknaben, Chorus Viennensis, Concentus Musicus Wien, soloists of the Wiener Sängerknaben, Kurt Equiluz, Siegmund Nimsgern, Teldec 1973
 Bach Made in Germany Vol. 4 – Cantatas VII, Hans-Joachim Rotzsch, Thomanerchor, Gewandhausorchester, Helga Termer, Eberhard Büchner, Hermann Christian Polster, Eterna 1976
 J. S. Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 1, Ton Koopman, Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir, Barbara Schlick, Guy de Mey, Klaus Mertens, Antoine Marchand 1994
 J. S. Bach: Cantatas Vol. 6 – BWV 21, 31, Masaaki Suzuki, Bach Collegium Japan, Monika Frimmer, Gerd Türk, Peter Kooy, BIS 1997
 Bach Cantatas Vol. 22: Eisenach / For Easter Sunday / For Easter Monday / For Easter Monday / For Easter Tuesday, John Eliot Gardiner, Monteverdi Choir, English Baroque Soloists, Gillian Keith, James Gilchrist, Stephen Varcoe, Soli Deo Gloria 2000
 Bach Edition Vol. 21 – Cantatas Vol. 12, Pieter Jan Leusink, Holland Boys Choir, Netherlands Bach Collegium, Ruth Holton, Nico van der Meel, Bas Ramselaar, Brilliant Classics 2000

References

External links

 Der Himmel lacht, die Erde jubilieret (Weimar version) BWV 31; BC A 55a / Sacred cantata Bach Digital
 Der Himmel lacht, die Erde jubilieret (Leipzig version) BWV 31; BC A 55b / Sacred cantata Bach Digital
 Cantata BWV 31 Der Himmel lacht! Die Erde jubilieret history, scoring, sources for text and music, translations to various languages, discography, discussion, Bach Cantatas Website
 Luke Dahn: BWV 31.9 bach-chorales.com

Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach
1715 compositions
Music for Easter


Westphalia Township is a township in Anderson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 372.

Geography
Westphalia Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Westphalia.  According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Saint Teresa.

The stream of Cherry Creek runs through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 City-Data.com

Townships in Anderson County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Benton Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,014.

Geography
Benton Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Effingham. According to the USGS, it contains four cemeteries: Maple Grove, Monrovia, Neill and Pleasant Grove.

The stream of North Fork Stranger Creek runs through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Center Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 625.

Geography
Center Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.

The streams of Little Stranger Creek and Mooney Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Grasshopper Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 567.

History
Grasshopper Township was established in 1855 as one of the three original townships of Atchison County.

Geography
Grasshopper Township covers an area of  and contains one incorporated settlement, Muscotah.  According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Brush Creek, Forest Grove and Wheatland.

The streams of Brush Creek, Clear Creek, Little Delaware River, Little Grasshopper Creek, Mission Creek, Otter Creek and South Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1855 establishments in Kansas Territory


Kapioma Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 292.

History
Kapioma Township was named for a chief of the Kickapoo Indians.

Geography
Kapioma Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Earnst and Miller.

The streams of Catamount Creek, Elk Creek, Nebo Creek, Negro Creek and Straight Creek run through this township.

Transportation
Kapioma Township contains one airport or landing strip, Strafuss Airport.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Lancaster Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 818.

Geography
Lancaster Township covers an area of  and contains two incorporated settlements: Huron and Lancaster. According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Alderson and Old Huron.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Mount Pleasant Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 864.

History
Mount Pleasant Township was established in 1855 as one of the three original townships of Atchison County.

Geography
Mount Pleasant Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements.  According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Fairview and Round Mound.

The streams of Camp Creek, Crooked Creek and Spring Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1855 establishments in Kansas Territory


Shannon Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,282.

History
Shannon Township was established in 1855 as one of the three original townships of Atchison County.

Geography
Shannon Township covers an area of  around the north and west of the county seat of Atchison. According to the USGS, it contains five cemeteries: Cummings, Mount Calvary, Mount Vernon, Myers and Taylor.

The streams of Deer Creek and Independence Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 US-Counties.com
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas
1855 establishments in Kansas Territory


Walnut Township is a township in Atchison County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 441.

Geography
Walnut Township covers an area of  and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: Mount Gillian, Sapp and Sumner.

The streams of Little Walnut Creek, Owl Creek and Walnut Creek run through this township.

References
 USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)

External links
 City-Data.com

Townships in Atchison County, Kansas
Townships in Kansas


Scole () is a village on the Norfolk–Suffolk border in England. It is 19 miles south of Norwich and lay on the old Roman road to Venta Icenorum, which was the main road until it was bypassed with a dual carriageway. It covers an area of  and had a population of 1,339 in 563 households at the 2001 census; the population had increased to 1,367 at the 2011 Census.

It lies on the north bank of the River Waveney.

The parish church of St Andrew was rebuilt in the 1960s after a fire raiser had burnt it. There is an east window by Patrick Reyntiens, 1963.

Scole is the birthplace of William Gooderham (1792) and Ezekiel Gooderham (1794), founders of the Gooderham and Worts distillery in Toronto, Canada, later to be the largest in the British Empire.

Governance
An electoral ward in the same name exists. This ward stretches east to Needham and at the 2011 Census had a total population of 2,357.

See also
Scole Experiment, a series of mediumistic séances which took place in the village

Notes

References
Office for National Statistics, 2001. Census information for Scole.
http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Norfolk/Scole

External links

 Scole Parish website

Villages in Norfolk
Civil parishes in Norfolk


Michael David Grimes (born November 25, 1966 in Los Angeles, California) is a Managing Director and Head of Global Technology Investment Banking at Morgan Stanley.

In 2002, Grimes was first named to Forbes’ Midas List of the top dealmakers in technology and life sciences venture capital and investment banking, debuting as the second ranked investment banker and eighteenth overall; Grimes has been the top ranked investment banker on the Midas list in 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, and the second ranked technology investment banker in 2008. In July 2010, Grimes was named to Fortune’s “50 Smartest People In Tech.”

Grimes has also been named by AlwaysOn to their “Power List” of technology dealmakers, Institutional Investor’s November 2006 “40 under 40” list of investment bankers who represent “the way Wall Street is evolving today”, the New York Times “Facebook of Wall Street’s future”, Dealmaker magazine’s “Top 50 Rainmakers”.

Biography

Early life and education
Michael Grimes attended Polytechnic School in Pasadena, California and the University of California, Berkeley, where he received degrees in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.  He interned as a communications systems engineer at Hughes Aircraft Company in the Space and Communications Group in 1985, as an information systems engineer at Pacific Bell in 1986, and was a software programmer and consultant at Grimes Surveying & Mapping Inc. (his father's company).

Career
Upon graduation in 1987, Grimes joined Salomon Brothers (now part of Citigroup) in technology investment banking, and in 1992 joined Bear Stearns as a Vice President in technology banking. In 1995, Grimes was recruited by Frank Quattrone to join Morgan Stanley as a Vice President in their Menlo Park office, focused on technology banking. In April 1996, Quattrone and a number of deputies departed for Deutsche Morgan Grenfell, leaving Grimes to stay at Morgan Stanley. Grimes then worked under Cordell Spencer and Dhiren Shah over the next few years and helped rebuild the West Coast Technology Investment Banking business. In 2005 Grimes and Paul Chamberlain were elevated to Co-Heads of Global Technology Banking.

Michael Grimes has been involved with hundreds of technology investment banking transactions aggregating over $100 billion in value, including a number of high-profile IPOs, mergers and acquisitions, equity and debt financings.  Most notable were Facebook's $16 billion initial public offering, and Google’s $1.9 billion initial public offering, completed with an auction format. Grimes has also been involved with technology M&A transactions such as Seagate Technology’s $20.5 billion 3-way merger and spinoff transaction with Veritas Software, Silver Lake Partners and Texas Pacific Group, Hewlett-Packard’s $13.6 billion split-up into HP and Agilent (at the time the Agilent IPO was the largest initial public offering in Silicon Valley history), Oracle’s $5.8 billion acquisition of Siebel Systems.

References

1966 births
American investment bankers
Systems engineers
UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
Living people


Glynn is an unincorporated community in southeastern Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, United States. The community is located along Louisiana Highway 416, west of the Mississippi River.

History
In 1847, an Irishman named Martin Glynn immigrated to New Orleans, Louisiana and set himself up as a wholesale merchant, grocer, and cotton factor.  As his fortune grew, Glynn purchased property in West Baton Rouge and Pointe Coupee parishes.  After the Civil War, Glynn moved his growing family to the  he had acquired.

Around the turn of the century, the Texas and Pacific Railroad began laying track through his property, and on December 23, 1899, a post office was established.  Martin's son, Charles Wilson Glynn, became its first postmaster.  The post office, located near the intersection of Louisiana Highway 416 and Louisiana Highway 982, is still in operation.

Notable person
Chris Williams — offensive tackle for the Buffalo Bills

References

Unincorporated communities in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana
Baton Rouge metropolitan area
Unincorporated communities in Louisiana


Stanley Malin (1878-1903) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Port Adelaide in the SANFL.

Malin usually played across the half forward line or in the centre and played for Port Adelaide in 1898 and 1899. He won the Magarey Medal in 1899,  making him the first Port Adelaide player to ever win the award.

In 1900 he left the club and moved to Sydney in order to study medicine. At the age of 25 he died after a brief illness in 1903.

References

External links

1878 births
1903 deaths
Port Adelaide Football Club (SANFL) players
Port Adelaide Football Club players (all competitions)
Magarey Medal winners
Australian rules footballers from South Australia


Moses Francis Masika Wetang'ula (born 13 September 1956), is the current Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya, as well as leader of the FORD-Kenya party. He served in the government of Kenya as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2008 to 2010 and from 2011 to 2012, and he was Minister for Trade from 2012 to 2013.

Early life and education
Wetangula went to Nalondo Primary School, Busakala secondary school, Teremi Secondary School, and Friends School Kamusinga before being admitted to the University of Nairobi, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree. He was a member of the Board of Directors of ICROSS Kenya from 1989, stepping down when he became Kenya's Minister for Foreign Affairs.

Political career

He was nominated as a Kanu MP after the 1992 general election, serving until 1997. He has held several other previous public positions which include that of the magistrate and the chairman Electricity Regulatory Board. Wetangula actively participated in organisation of funds-drives to set up projects on self-help basis and has been offering legal services to the local people. He has mobilised women and the youth to initiate income generating projects.

Wetangula was elected to the National Assembly in the December 2002 parliamentary election, and has never lost all the election he has participated ever since. He was appointed into the cabinet by President Mwai Kibaki on 8 January 2008,amid a crisis regarding the results of the concurrent presidential election, Wetangula was named Minister for Foreign Affairs. Later in January, in reaction to criticism from the United Kingdom regarding the presidential election, Wetangula summoned the United Kingdom's High Commissioner, Adam Wood, to complain, and he said that "our elections don't need a stamp of authority from the House of Commons". After a power-sharing agreement was reached between Kibaki and Raila Odinga, both of whom claimed victory in the presidential election, Wetangula retained his post in the Grand Coalition Cabinet named on 13 April 2008.

In March 2012, Wetangula was stranded in Bamako, Mali during a coup d'état. He was evacuated after being trapped in his hotel room for several days.

Shortly after Wetangula's return, Kibaki shuffled his cabinet. Wetangula left his post as Foreign Minister and became the Trade Minister.

He was elected to the Senate of Kenya in 2013, representing Bungoma County, and became Minority Leader in the Senate of Kenya. He was later replaced in the position of Minority Leader by the then Senator of Siaya County James Orengo. This is because Raila Odinga was unhappy with the fact that his fellow luo was not in that position and therefore instructed that Orengo should replace Wetangula. 16 ODM senators signed a petition to oust him out as the minority leader. Wetangula warned them, "If anyone wants a divorce, it would be messy, it would be noisy, it would be unhelpful, it would not be easy, it would have casualties", he said. Raila Odinga became a casualty after losing the presidential contest in 2022 general election, as Wetang'ula made William Ruto the fifth President of Kenya. In the run-up to the August 2022 Kenyan general election, Wetang'ula and his party Ford Kenya joined forces with other parties to form the Kenya Kwanza Alliance, where he became a co-principal. Wetang'ula was re-elected with a landslide win as Bungoma senator in the August 2022 Kenyan general election, but he resigned shortly afterwards to vie for the position of the Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya, hence becoming the third in line of succession in the Republic of Kenya. On 8 September 2022, Wetangula defeated his only competitor, former speaker Marende to become the speaker of the 13th Parliament of Kenya.

Tokyo embassy scandal

Wetangula left his ministerial post on 27 October 2010 due to ongoing investigation on his alleged involvement in the Kenyan Tokyo embassy scandal. It was alleged that instead of accepting free property from the government of Japan for the embassy, 1.6 billion shillings was withheld from the sale of Kenyan property in Nigeria and used to buy a less suitable property.George Saitoti served as acting foreign minister during Wetangula's absence.

Wetangula was later absolved of the allegations and any wrongdoing by five separate probes and returned to the ministry in August 2011, though he permanently left the position a few months later to successfully contest for the position of Senator for Bungoma County.

Senate Minority Leader
After winning election to the Senate, Wetangula was selected to serve as Minority Leader of the Senate of Kenya representing the Coalition for Reforms and Democracy. The Bungoma High Court nullified his election on 30 September 2013 and the Speaker of the Senate declared the seat vacant on 16 October 2013.
In a by-election held on 19 December 2013, Ford Kenya candidate Moses Wetangula recaptured his Bungoma senatorial seat with a landslide win after garnering 149,458 votes against his main contender Musikari Kombo, who got about a half of the votes.

Kombo, who was vying on a New Ford Kenya ticket, came second with 81,016 votes followed by independent candidate David Makali and Labour Party of Kenya candidate Bifwoli Wakoli at a distant third and fourth place respectively.

Makali secured 2,155 votes while Wakoli garnered 1,899 votes from a total of 942 polling stations, with a 57 per cent voter turnout.

On 20 March 2018, Wetangula was replaced by Siaya senator James Orengo as Senate Minority leader.

Speaker of The National Assembly
Wetangula retained his Bungoma senate seat in the August 2022 Kenyan general election, winning by a landslide. However, he resigned shortly after from that position in order to vie for the position of the Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya. On 8 September 2022, he contested successfully to become the speaker of the 13th Parliament of Kenya after defeating his only competitor Kenneth Marende. Wetangula had garnered a total of 215 votes against Marende's 130 votes, while he did not attain the requisite 2/3's of the votes cast in order to win in the first round, he was nevertheless elected as speaker since his only competitor Marende withdrew from the repeat election. Wetangula took over from Justin Muturi and became the 8th Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya.

Personal life
Wetangula's father Mzee Dominic Wetangula is a retired teacher in Nalondo, Bungoma County and lives in the village together with his wives. The Wetangula's family is a political family with his younger brother Timothy Wanyonyi Wetangula being the MP for Westlands Constituency in Nairobi County. His other siblings include Fred Wetangula a Nairobi-based businessman and the Late Tony Waswa Wetangula. He also has a younger sister Emmeryncian Naswa.

Moses Wetangula has several wives. The first wife is called Phyllis Wetangula but he does not live with her.
Wetangula's Children include his son Fidel Wetangula, Daughter Sheila Wetangula and Tamara Wetangula. He also has other children with his other wives.

References

External links
Office of Public Communications
Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1956 births
Kenyan Luhya people
Living people
Members of the Senate of Kenya
Members of the National Assembly (Kenya)
Kenya African National Union politicians
Alumni of Friends School Kamusinga
Party of National Unity (Kenya) politicians
Foreign ministers of Kenya
Trade ministers of Kenya
Leaders of political parties in Kenya
Speakers of the National Assembly of Kenya


The Emmanuel Episcopal Church in Rapid City, South Dakota is an historic Gothic Revival sandstone Episcopal church located at 717 Quincy Street.  In 1975, Emmanuel Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

It was built during 1887–88.  It is a one-story cross-gabled building.

History
Emmanuel Episcopal Church is the only downtown Rapid City church still in its original building. A small group began holding services in Rapid City in 1887, under the leadership of George G. Ware, a lay reader who was later ordained and became the first rector. The cornerstone of the original sandstone church was laid November 10, 1887, and the first services were held in the new building in 1888.

The church is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The original church building was enlarged by an addition to the south in the early 1940s, which also incorporated a stone Parish Hall adjacent on the east. In 1954, a large, new Parish Hall with a stage, kitchen and basement classrooms was added and, in 1991, an addition for office space and additional classrooms was completed.

The longest-serving Rector was the Rev. Mr. E. Jerome Pipes, who served from 1934 until 1960. Perhaps the best-remembered event of his tenure was the attendance of President Franklin D. Roosevelt at a regular Sunday service in 1936.

Rectors have included the Rev. Dr. Hanford L. King, Jr. (later Bishop of Idaho), 1960–1972; the Rev. Mr. Hewes "Doc" Phillips, 1972–1977; the Rev. Mr. David Anderson, 1978–1987; The Rev. Mr. David A. Cameron, 1987–2006; interim rectors the Very Rev. Dr. Robert Wagner (2006) and the Rev. Canon David L. Seger (2006-2008); Rev. Richard Ressler, (2008–2013); the Rev. Chris Roussell (2013–2019); and the Rev. John David Barnes (2020–present).

Current use
Emmanuel Church is an active parish in the Episcopal Diocese of South Dakota.

See also

 List of Registered Historic Places in South Dakota
 Emmanuel Episcopal Church (disambiguation)

References

External links
 Emmanuel Episcopal Church website

Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in South Dakota
Episcopal churches in South Dakota
Churches in Pennington County, South Dakota
Gothic Revival church buildings in South Dakota
Buildings and structures in Rapid City, South Dakota
National Register of Historic Places in Pennington County, South Dakota
1888 establishments in Dakota Territory


The following is a list of chairmen and presidents of what is now Citigroup—the person or persons who were ultimately responsible for the company since its founding in 1812. The company was led by presidents until 1909, when James J. Stillman became the first chairman, holding the highest office in the company.

Presidents

Chairman

Presidents
The Chairman position was not filled between 1918 (Stillman's death) and 1929. Duties were handled by the President who acted on an interim basis.

Chairmen

References

Citigroup history. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011.

Citigroup
Citigroup


Jack Mack (14 March 1881 – 9 June 1960) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Port Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

A follower, Mack made his debut for Port Adelaide in 1900 and played with the club until 1906 when he spent a season with Central Broken Hill. In 1907 he returned to Port Adelaide and won that year's Magarey Medal. That season he also represented South Australia at interstate football for the first time. He was part of his state's inaugural carnival team at Melbourne in 1908 and retired from the game after the 1909 season.

See also
 1908 Melbourne Carnival

Footnotes

References

1881 births
1960 deaths
Port Adelaide Football Club (SANFL) players
Port Adelaide Football Club players (all competitions)
Magarey Medal winners
Australian rules footballers from South Australia


Shanghai People's Radio Station () was a radio station in Shanghai China. Since it was merged into Radio and Television Station of Shanghai in 2001, it has been a part of Radio and Television Station of Shanghai.

After the establishment of SMG Radio Centre, Shanghai People's Radio Station was divided and merged into different departments of the centre and only exist in callsigns.

Channels
All Channels of Shanghai Media Group using callsigns with a prefix of "Shanghai People's Radio Station".

References

External links
 Official website

Radio stations in China
Mass media in Shanghai


Franco Valle (15 February 1940 – 10 April 2003) was an Italian boxer who won a bronze medal at the 1964 Olympics. After that he turned professional, but had limited success, and retired in 1966 with a record of 3-3.

1964 Olympic boxing results
Below is the record of Franco Valle, an Italian middleweight boxer who competed at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics:

 Round of 32: bye
 Round of 16: defeated Leonidas Cezar (Brazil) by decision, 4-1
 Quarterfinal: defeated Guillermo Salinas (Chile) by decision, 5-0
 Semifinal: lost to Emil Schulz (United Team of Germany) by decision, 0-5 (awarded bronze medal)

References

Middleweight boxers
Olympic boxers for Italy
Boxers at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
1940 births
2003 deaths
Sportspeople from Genoa
Olympic medalists in boxing
Italian male boxers
Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics


"Life Goes On" is a song by American glam metal band Poison. The power ballad was the fourth single from their 1990 album Flesh & Blood.
The song reached number 35 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Song history

C.C. DeVille originally brought the song to the band, where Rikki Rockett and Bobby Dall added their input. The lyrics were written after a girlfriend of DeVille's was shot and killed in a bar fight in Palm Springs, California. The song is about trying to find the light at the end of the tunnel.

Albums
"Life Goes On" is on the following albums.

 Flesh & Blood
 Poison's Greatest Hits: 1986-1996
 Best of Ballads & Blues
 The Best of Poison: 20 Years of Rock
 Flesh & Blood - 20th Anniversary Edition
 Poison – Box Set (Collector's Edition)
 Double Dose: Ultimate Hits

Chart performance

References

1990 songs
1991 singles
Poison (American band) songs
Capitol Records singles
Song recordings produced by Bruce Fairbairn
Songs written by Bobby Dall
Songs written by C.C. DeVille
Songs written by Bret Michaels
Songs written by Rikki Rockett
Songs inspired by deaths
Glam metal ballads


Moishe Lewis (born Losz, sometimes known as Morris Lewis, 1888–1950) was a Jewish labour activist in eastern Europe and Canada.

Life
A tanner by trade, he was born and raised in the Svisloch shtetl in the Russian Empire (later part of Poland and now Belarus). Moishe Losz was the chairman of the Jewish Labour Bund in Svisloch. The Bund was both an active political party and a Jewish, Socialist labour movement.  It was preoccupied in changing the system that was at the roots of low pay and dangerous, harsh working conditions.

When the Russian Civil War and the Polish-Soviet War were at their fiercest, in the summer of 1920, Poland invaded, and  the Bolshevik Red Army counter-attacked. Svisloch was on the Polish-Russian border and was occupied by the Soviets in July 1920. Moishe Losz openly opposed the Bolsheviks and would later be jailed by them for his opposition. He barely escaped with his life. When the Polish army recaptured Svisloch on August 25, 1920, they executed five Jewish citizens as "spies." This was a false charge and was more of a tactic to keep the locals scared and discourage them from participating in counter insurgency. Realising that he was not safe under either regime, and the prospects for the future of his family were bleak, he left for Canada in May 1921, to work in his brother-in law's clothing factory in Montreal, Quebec.

Losz anglicized the family name to "Lewis" and saved up enough money to send for his family within a few months.

Lewis resumed his labour activism in Canada becoming involved with the Arbeiter Ring (Workmen's Circle). He was Secretary of the Canadian Jewish Labour Committee, a labour and civil rights organization, for several decades.

In 1947, Lewis and Kalmen Kaplansky spearheaded "The Tailors Project" by the Workmen's Circle and Jewish Labour Committee to bring European Jewish refugees to Montreal to work in the needle trades. They were able to do this through the federal government's "bulk-labour" program that allowed labour-intensive industries to bring European displaced persons to Canada, in order to fill those jobs. For Lewis' work on this and other projects during this period, the Montreal branch was renamed the Moishe Lewis Branch, after he died in 1950. The Jewish Labour Committee also honored him when they established the Moishe Lewis Foundation in 1975.

Descendants
His son David Lewis would become a labour lawyer and leading figure in the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation and then leader of the federal New Democratic Party. His grandson Stephen Lewis was leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party in the 1970s and later Canada's ambassador to the United Nations. His great-grandson is Avi Lewis, the political journalist, who has made documentaries with his wife Naomi Klein.

References

1888 births
1950 deaths
Activists from Montreal
Bundists
Canadian civil rights activists
Canadian socialists
Canadian trade unionists
Jewish Canadian activists
Jews from the Russian Empire
Belarusian Jews
Canadian Ashkenazi Jews
Canadian people of Belarusian-Jewish descent
Polish emigrants to Canada
People from Svislach
Moishe
People of the Russian Civil War
19th-century Belarusian people
20th-century Belarusian Jews
Canadian people of the Russian Civil War


Kiara Brinkman (born November 29, 1979) is an American writer born in Omaha, Nebraska now living in San Francisco, California. Her 2007 novel, Up High in the Trees, was published by Grove Press and was widely reviewed. Brinkman has also authored several short stories. Her work has appeared in One Story, Pinelboyz, Failbetter and elsewhere. Her contribution to McSweeney’s, "Counting Underwater," was named one of the 100 Other Distinguished Stories of 2005 in The Best American Short Stories 2006.

Biography
Brinkman graduated from Brown University and earned an MFA from Goddard College. Recently, Brinkman has worked with children as a teacher and tutor, and has led workshops at Mills College and 826 Valencia (a youth arts center in San Francisco). Brinkman is currently employed part-time at the Booksmith, an independent bookstore located in San Francisco.

Upon its release in 2007, Up High in the Trees earned positive reviews in the Washington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, Los Angeles Times, and Chicago Tribune (where it was named one of the newspaper’s "Favorite Books of 2007"). Writing in the New York Times, novelist Madison Smartt Bell noted, "Like Faulkner’s Benjy from The Sound and the Fury, Sebastian is most unusual for the lyrical intensity of his inner life, and the strongest impression this fine debut leaves is his nicely achieved voice, which is moving without being precious." The book also received praise from writers Cristina García, Maud Casey, and Dave Eggers.

Up High in the Trees was released in softcover in the summer of 2008. In 2021, Brinkman will publish a graphic novel, Lucy in the Sky, illustrated by her husband, Sean Chiki.

References

External links
Author website
Author interview
Audio clip on KQED
Goodreads profile

1979 births
Writers from San Francisco
21st-century American novelists
American women short story writers
Living people
Writers from Omaha, Nebraska
American women novelists
Brown University alumni
Goddard College alumni
21st-century American women writers
21st-century American short story writers


Let's Talk About It is the first release by American rock band White Denim. Written and recorded in drummer Joshua Block's vintage 1940s Spartan trailer, the EP was released on May 12, 2007.Nearly 14 minutes long, this five-song 7" record is full of fast-paced, psychedelic-fused blues rock. Since its release, the EP has received critical acclaim, receiving the title of second-best album of 2007 by Gorilla vs. Bear.

Track listing
 "Let's Talk About It" – 3:54
 "Darksided Computer Mouth" – 2:15
 "I Can Tell" – 1:56
 "Mess Your Hair Up" – 4:49
 "DCWYW" – 0:46

Video
A music video was directed by Carlos LaRotta, shot and edited by Trey Cartwright, both of Birds-on-Fire Film.

Personnel
James Petralli: vocals, guitar
Joshua Block: drums
Steve Terebecki: vocals, bass guitar

References

External links
Daytrotter session: Four free songs for download

2007 debut EPs
White Denim albums


Dong Guang Xinwen Tai ( [tʊŋ kwaŋ ɕin wən tʰaj]), whose full callsign is Dong Guang News Radio of Shanghai People's Radio Station (Chinese: 上海人民广播电台东广新闻资讯广播 (shang hai ren min guang bo dian tai dong guang xin wen zi xun guang bo) [ʂaŋ xaj ʐən min kwaŋ pwɔ tjɛn tʰaj tʊŋ kwaŋ ɕin wən tsɨ ɕyn kwaŋ pwɔ]), is a news radio channel in Shanghai in the People's Republic of China, broadcasting at both 90.9 FM and 1296 AM.

The radio channel is part of the Shanghai Media Group, affiliated to SMG Radio Centre.

There is a word "Dong Guang"(), which refers to the former Shanghai East Radio Company) in its callsign, but actually the channel was founded by former Shanghai People's Radio Station, not Shanghai East Radio Company in 2007.

External links
 FM 90.9 Official website

Radio stations in China
Shanghai Media Group


The Valley Connector Regional Shuttle and Commuter Bus was a public transportation service provided by S & W Tours, LLC and Valley Connector, Inc. that provided weekday commuter bus service in the United States from northern Shenandoah Valley to Northern Virginia and Washington, D.C. Commuter bus service was terminated on January 31, 2011. The termination happened due to declining passenger revenues.

With five regular scheduled routes daily, it served Shenandoah County, Warren County, Frederick County, Clarke County and the City of Winchester.

Origination points in Shenandoah County included Woodstock.  Origination points in Warren County included Front Royal and Linden.

Origination points in Frederick County, Clarke County and the City of Winchester area included the Waterloo Park-and-Ride and Berryville.

Destination points in Northern Virginia and Washington, D.C. included Arlington County and Fairfax County.

The routes included were
 Route 46 Woodstock to Washington
 Route 48 Front Royal to Vienna Metro
 Route 57 Front Royal to Washington via Dulles Airport
 Route 69 Winchester to Washington

Other transit services in Northern Shenandoah Valley include Winchester Transit, Page County Transit, and Front Royal Area Transit.
Front Royal Area Transit (FRAT) provides weekday transit for the town of Front Royal.
Page County Transit: The People Movers provides weekday transit for the town of Luray and weekday service between Luray and Front Royal.
Winchester Transit provides weekday transit for the city of Winchester.

References

External links
Shenandoah Valley Commuter Bus official site

Transportation in Shenandoah County, Virginia
Bus transportation in Virginia
Transportation in Warren County, Virginia
Transportation in Frederick County, Virginia
Transportation in Winchester, Virginia
Transportation in Page County, Virginia
Intercity bus companies of the United States
Transportation companies based in Virginia


Shanghai Jiaotong Guangbo () is a traffic radio station in Shanghai in the People's Republic of China, broadcasting at both 105.7 FM and 648 AM.  The radio station is part of the Radio and Television Station of Shanghai, whose programmes are made by SMG Radio Centre.

According to the website, this station particularly gives information regarding gas station prices and the state of the Shanghai transportation infrastructure.  Broadcasts are repeated every half-hour.  Towards the evening, flight conditions are reported.

In the evening, this radio station is a rebroadcast of Shanghai TV news.

External links
 Shanghai Jiao Tong Tai Official website

Radio stations in China
Shanghai Media Group


The Mini Stack is the freeway interchange among Interstate 10, State Route 51, and Loop 202 in Phoenix, Arizona, United States, located northeast of downtown. Reconstructed in 2004 to its current setup, the interchange, which is the busiest in the state of Arizona with over 300,000 vehicles per day, provides full directional access between the three freeways, as well as HOV lane connections for southbound SR 51 to eastbound I-10, westbound I-10 to northbound SR 51, westbound Loop 202 to westbound I-10, and eastbound I-10 to eastbound Loop 202.

Description
The interchange constitutes exits 147A-B-C on Interstate 10; the final southbound exits on SR 51; and exit 1A on Loop 202. The Mini Stack serves as the western terminus of Loop 202's Red Mountain Freeway segment and the southern terminus of State Route 51. Interstate 10, the only through-route in this interchange, changes cardinal direction as it passes through the Mini Stack, heading from north to west for westbound travelers and east to south for eastbound travelers.

Delays
In a 2007 study performed by Forbes, the Mini Stack ranked number four in the United States in terms of delays with 22 million hours of delays each year. It was behind only Los Angeles' US 101 and I-405 interchange in California, Houston's I-610 and I-10 interchange in Texas, and Chicago's I-90/I-94 and I-290 interchange in Illinois.

Shooting incidents

From August to September 2015, the Mini Stack was the spot of a number of shootings, which were connected to a larger string of shootings and other incidents that injured a teenage girl and damaged several vehicles. The Mini Stack was the location of a majority of the shootings. A suspect was later said by Governor Doug Ducey to have been taken into custody.

See also
 SuperRedTan Interchange
 The Stack

References

External links
 Aerial view of Mini Stack

Buildings and structures in Phoenix, Arizona
Transportation in Phoenix, Arizona
Interstate 10
Road interchanges in the United States


Dong Fang Dushi Guangbo (Chinese: 东方都市广播 (dong fang du shi guang bo) [tʊŋ faŋ tu ʂɨ kwaŋ pwɔ]), whose full callsign is East City Radio of Shanghai People's Radio Station (Chinese: 上海人民广播电台东方都市广播 (shang hai ren min guang bo dian tai dong fang du shi guang bo) [ʂaŋ xaj ʐən min kwaŋ pwɔ tjɛn tʰaj tʊŋ faŋ tu ʂɨ kwaŋ pwɔ]), also known as FM 899 Driving FM (Chinese:八九九驾车调频 (ba jiu jiu jia che tiao pin) [pa tɕjɔw tɕjɔw tɕja ʈʂʰɤ tʰjaw pʰin]), is a city affairs radio station in Shanghai in the People's Republic of China, broadcasting at both 792 AM and 89.9 FM.

Its former callsign, Dong Fang Guangbo Dian Tai (Chinese: 东方广播电台 (dong fang guang bo dian tai) [tʊŋ faŋ kwaŋ pwɔ tjɛn tʰaj], literally "East Radio Station"), refers to the former Shanghai East Radio Company. And its frequencies, 792 AM and 89.9 FM, were inherited from former Shanghai East Radio Company too.

The radio station is now operated by SMG Raydio Centre, which is a part of the Shanghai Media Group.

External links
 FM 899 Official website
  Official website of Shanghai East Radio Company

Radio stations in China
Shanghai Media Group


The Rio Vista neighborhood is a community of over 1,000 homes, situated next to downtown Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Its name means "River View" in Spanish. It is one of the oldest communities in Fort Lauderdale and features tree-lined streets, sidewalks and unique architecture.

At the close of World War I, Ft. Lauderdale had approximately 2,000 residents. An era of prosperity and new transportation in the 1920s allowed Fort Lauderdale to begin the migration from an agricultural community to a resort town. Residential areas, such as Rio Vista and Colee Hammock, began to develop. The first plat of the area was recorded by Mary Brickell (wife of William Brickell) of Miami and major landholder. Upon her death, the land was purchased by C.J. Hector, who began his "River View" development. By February 1923, the Ft. Lauderdale Herald (now the Sun Sentinel) reported that Rio Vista was booming, with over 5,000 feet of sidewalk laid and streetlights were installed.

The land boom reached its zenith by 1925, when Ft. Lauderdale's population reached 16,000. On September 18, 1926, the coast of South Florida was devastated by the 1926 Miami Hurricane which put the area into a depression, three years before the rest of the country entered its economic depression. With the onset of World War II, thousands of servicemen discovered this area and settled here after the war. Rio Vista development began again, and today, the area reflects the history.

The community is bounded by Federal Highway (U.S. 1) on the west, bordered on the east by the Intracoastal Waterway, south of the New River and north of SE 12th Street (north of the neighborhoods of Harbordale and Lauderdale Harbours.)

References

External links
 Rio Vista Civic Association (Official Homepage)
 The Council of Ft. Lauderdale Civic Associations, Inc.: Rio Vista Civic Association

Neighborhoods in Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Geography of Fort Lauderdale, Florida


Aphthona abdominalis is a species of leaf beetle known as the minute spurge flea beetle. It was used as an agent of biological pest control against the noxious weed leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula), but never established a viable population.

The adult beetle is light orange with a black abdomen and only about 2 millimeters long. The female lays up to 100 eggs on or near leafy spurge, its host plant. The larva emerges and feeds on the roots of the plant, while the adult eats the leaves and flowers of the plant. Both larva and adult inflict damage on the plant by feeding. In its native range this beetle feeds on leafy spurge and other closely related plants. It is not known to attack other types of plants.

This beetle is native to Eurasia. It was first released as a biocontrol agent for leafy spurge in the United States in the early 1990s, but apparently never established. A abdominalis was never introduced to Canada. This beetle is used for biocontrol less often than other Aphthona species.

References

 Coombs, E. M., et al., Eds. (2004). Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 235.

External links
 Cornell Biocontrol Profile

Alticini
Insects used for control of invasive plants
Biological pest control beetles
Beetles described in 1825
Taxa named by Caspar Erasmus Duftschmid


The Hudson River Bracketed architectural style was originated by architect Alexander Jackson Davis.  An example of his implementation is in Oliver Bronson House, a National Historic Landmark built for Dr. Oliver Bronson.  Another example is the Rombout House at Poughkeepsie, New York, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

In popular culture
Hudson River Bracketed is the title of one of American writer Edith Wharton's latter novels, published in 1929.

References

American architectural styles


"So Tell Me Why" is a single by American hard rock band Poison, from their 1991 Swallow This Live album. The song peaked at number 25 on the UK Singles chart

Background
The song was one of four new studio tracks on the live hits album, the others being "Only Time Will Tell", "'No More Lookin' Back (Poison Jazz)" and "Souls On Fire". This was the last single with C.C. DeVille until 2000's Power to the People.

Swallow This Live was certified Gold.

Albums
"So Tell Me Why" is on the following albums.

 Swallow This Live
 Poison's Greatest Hits: 1986-1996
 Poison - Box Set (Collector's Edition)
 Double Dose: Ultimate Hits

Chart performance

References

1991 singles
Poison (American band) songs
1991 songs
Songs written by C.C. DeVille
Songs written by Bret Michaels
Songs written by Rikki Rockett
Songs written by Bobby Dall
Capitol Records singles


Aphthona cyparissiae is a species of leaf beetle known as the brown dot leafy spurge flea beetle. It is used as an agent of biological pest control against the noxious weed leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula).

The adult beetle is light golden brown and about 3 millimeters long. The female lays eggs on or near leafy spurge, its host plant, during the summer months. The white larva emerges in about two weeks and feeds on the roots and root hairs. It is active through the fall and winter until the cold stimulates it to pupate. It burrows into the soil to undergo a three-week pupation. Damage to the plant occurs when the larva eats the roots and the adult feeds on the leaves and flowers. Heavy beetle activity kills the plant. This beetle is a spurge specialist, preferring cypress spurge (Euphorbia cyparissias) in its native range and readily attacking leafy spurge as its first alternate.

This beetle is native to Europe. It was first released as a biocontrol agent for leafy spurge in the United States in Fremont County, Wyoming in 1986. It is now established in much of the northern United States from Washington to Rhode Island, though it is now scarce in North Dakota and Minnesota. It is still the dominant Aphthona species at some release sites in Manitoba.

References

Notes
 Coombs, E. M., et al., Eds. (2004). Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 237.

External links
 Cornell Biocontrol Profile

Alticini
Insects used for control of invasive plants
Biological pest control beetles
Beetles described in 1803
Taxa named by Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch


Félix Joseph Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers (15 May 1821 – 21 July 1901) was a French biologist, anatomist and zoologist born in Montpezat  in the department of Lot-et-Garonne. He was a leading authority in the field of malacology.

He studied medicine in Paris, and worked at Necker Hospital under Armand Trousseau (1801–1867). Later on, with Jules Haime (1824–1856), he travelled to the Balearic Islands to study marine life. In 1854 he returned to Paris as an assistant to Henri Milne-Edwards (1800–1885), and soon afterwards became a professor of zoology in Lille.

In 1865 he succeeded Achille Valenciennes (1794–1865) as chair of histoire naturelle des mollusques, des vers et des zoophytes at the National Museum of Natural History, France, and in 1868 became a professor at the University of Paris. In 1871 he was elected to French Academy of Sciences in the department of anatomy and zoology.

Lacaze-Duthiers is remembered for his study of the anatomy and developmental history of mussels, coral, snails, brachiopods and other invertebrate marine animals. In 1858 he discovered three mollusks in the Mediterranean that produced purple-blue dyes. One of the species, named murex trunculus, was the source of the distinctive purple-blue dye used by the ancient Phoenicians and Canaanites.  He realised the dying process could be used to create a photographic image in purple-blue dye which he named the Mucographé process.  Examples are preserved in the Sorbonne and the Royal Society in London.

He conducted pioneer exploration of marine life of coastal Algeria, that included scientific studies of coral. A result of this research was the publication of "Histoire naturelle du corail" (1864).

He was the founder of two laboratories devoted to marine biology; the biological station at Roscoff in 1876, and the Arago laboratory at Banyuls-sur-Mer in 1882. A number of species bear his name, a few of them being: Strophomenia lacazei, Convoluta lacazi and Dileptus lacazei. In 1872 he founded the journal "Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale" (Archives of Experimental and General Zoology).

References
 This article incorporates translated text from equivalent articles at the German and French Wikipedia, whose references include: Philippe & Edward R. Jaussaud Brygoo (2004). Museum in the Garden From 516 biographies . National Museum of Natural History in Paris: 630 p.

Further reading

1821 births
1901 deaths
French anatomists
French zoologists
French malacologists
Academic staff of the Lille University of Science and Technology
Foreign Members of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
National Museum of Natural History (France) people
Members of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala