Sicily is the largest region in Italy in terms of area, with a population of over five million and has contributed many famous names to all walks of life. Geographically, it is the largest and most populated island in the Mediterranean Sea.

This list includes notable natives of Sicily and its predecessor states, as well as those who were born elsewhere but spent a large part of their active life in Sicily. People of  Sicilian heritage and descent are in a separate section of this article. The Sicilian-Americans have a specific list.

Religious figures

Pantaenus (died 200 AD), theologian, saint
Agatha of Catania (231–251 AD), martyr and saint
Lucy of Syracuse (283–304 AD), martyr and saint
Saint Vitus (c. 290–c. 303 AD), martyr and saint
Euplius (died 304 AD), martyr and saint
Bassianus of Lodi (c. 320– c. 409), bishop and saint
Mamilian of Palermo (died 460), bishop and saint
Olivia of Palermo (448-463), martyr and saint
Pope Agatho (575–681), Pope from 678 to his death, saint
Pope Leo II (611–683), Pope from 682 to his death, saint
Pope Sergius I (650–701), Pope from 687 to his death, saint
Pope Stephen III (723–772), Pope from 768 to his death
Methodios I (788/800–847), Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople and saint
Leo Luke of Corleone (815–915), monk and saint
Joseph the Hymnographer (816–886), monk and saint
Elias of Enna (822 or 823–903), monk and saint
Symeon of Trier (980/990–1035), monk and saint
Filarete of Calabria (c. 1020–1070), monk and saint
John Theristus (1049–1129), monk and saint
Rosalia of Palermo (1130–1166), hermit and saint
Albert of Trapani (1240–1307), friar and saint
Agostino Novello (1240–1309), Augustinian friar, scholar and blessed
Nicolò de' Tudeschi "Panormitanus", (1386–1445), canonist, pseudocardinal
Pietro Geremia (1399–1452), Dominican preacher and blessed
Eustochia Smeralda Calafato (1434–1485), Franciscan hermitess and saint
Luigi Rabatà (1443–1490), Carmelite priest and blessed
Benedict the Moor (1526–1589), friar and saint
Giordano Ansaloni (1598–1634), Dominican missionary and saint
Bernard of Corleone (1605–1667), friar and saint
Prospero Intorcetta (1626–1696), Jesuit missionary
Giuseppe Maria Tomasi (1649–1713), Theatine priest, cardinal and saint
Giovanni Battista Sidotti (1668–1714), priest, missionary
Felix of Nicosia (1715–1787), Capuchin friar and saint
Giacomo Cusmano (1834–1888), priest and blessed
Mariano Rampolla (1843–1913), cardinal secretary of state
Annibale Maria di Francia (1851–1927), priest and saint
Carolina Santocanale (1852–1923), nun and blessed
Maria Crocifissa Curcio (1877–1957), Carmelite nun and blessed
Gabriele Allegra (1907–1976), Franciscan missionary, translator and blessed
Giuseppina Suriano (1915–1950), Catholic activist and blessed
Salvatore Pappalardo (1918–2006), archbishop and cardinal
Francesco Spoto (1924–1964), priest, missionary and blessed
Pino Puglisi (1937–1993), priest and blessed

Philosophers and scientists

Empedocles (c. 490–430 BC), scientist and philosopher
Acron (5th century BC), physician
Gorgias (c. 483–375 BC), philosopher
Hicetas (c. 400–c. 335 BC), philosopher
Monimus (c. 399–300 BC), philosopher
Menecrates of Syracuse (4th century BC), physician
Euhemerus (c. 330–250 a.C.), philosopher
Dicaearchus (c. 350–c. 285 BC), philosopher, cartographer, geographer, mathematician
Archimedes (c. 287 – 212 BC), engineer and mathematician
Constantine the African (c. 1020 – 1087), physician and translator
Giovanni Aurispa (1376–1459), anthropologist
Francesco Maurolico (1494–1575), mathematician
Giovanni Filippo Ingrassia (1510–1580), physician, anatomist
Giovanni Battista Hodierna (1597–1660), astronomer
Paolo Boccone (1633–1704), botanist
Tommaso Campailla (1668–1740), philosopher, doctor, poet
Francesco Paolo Cantelli (1875–1966), mathematician
Orso Mario Corbino (1876–1937), physicist
Leonardo Ximenes (1716–1786), mathematician, engineer, astronomer, geographer
Bernardino da Ucria (1739–1796), botanist
Giuseppe Piazzi (1746–1826), astronomer, discovered the minor planet Ceres
Niccolò Cacciatore (1780–1841), astronomer
Vincenzo Tineo (1791–1856), botanist
Gioacchino Ventura di Raulica (1792–1861), philosopher
Filippo Parlatore (1816–1877), botanist
Stanislao Cannizzaro (1826–1910), chemist
Giuseppe Seguenza (1833–1889),  naturalist, geologist
Giuseppe Sergi (1841–1936), anthropologist
Gaetano Mosca (1858–1941), political scientist
Silvio Micali (born 1954), computer scientists and Turing award recipient
Gaspare Mignosi (1875–1951), mathematician
Gaetano Fichera (1922–1996), mathematician
Giuseppe Lauricella (1867–1913), mathematician
Giovanni Gentile (1875–1944), philosopher
José Ingenieros (1877–1925), physician, pharmacist, philosopher
Michele Cipolla (1880–1947), mathematician
Mauro Picone (1885–1977), mathematician
Giuseppe Oddo (1865–1954), chemist
Emanuele Paternò (1847–1935), chemist
Giuseppe Mario Bellanca (1886–1960), aviation inventor
Giovanni Sansone (1888–1979), mathematician
David J. Impastato (1903–1986), neuropsychiatrist
Giuseppe Gabrielli (1903–1987), aeronautics engineer
Michele Parrinello (born 1945), physicist
Antonino Lo Surdo (1880–1949), physicist
Ettore Majorana (1906–1997), physicist
Quirino Majorana (1871–1957), physicist
Antonino Zichichi (born 1929), physicist
Luca Parmitano (born 1976), engineer and astronaut
Vito Latora (born 1971), physicist
Flavia Sparacino (born 1966)
Napoleone Ferrara (born 1956)

Writers and journalists

Epicharmus of Kos (c. 524–c. 435 BC), comic poet, dramatist, philosopher
Antiochus of Syracuse (5th century BC), historian
Corax of Syracuse (5th century BC), rhetorician
Sophron (5th century BC), writer of mimes
Lysias (c. 445–c. 380 BC), logographer, jurist
Philistus (c. 432–356 BC), historian
Carcinus (c. 420–360 BC), dramatist
Archestratus (4th century BC), poet
Timaeus (c. 345–250 BC), historian
Rhinthon (c. 323–285 BC), dramatist
Theocritus (c. 310–250 BC), poet
Diodorus Siculus (c. 90–30 BC), historian
Julius Firmicus Maternus (4th century AD), writer, astrologer
Ibn Hamdis (1056–1133), poet
Eugenius of Palermo (c. 1130–1202), translator
Cielo d'Alcamo (13th century), poet
Nina Siciliana (13th century), poet
Stefano Protonotaro da Messina (13th century), poet
Giacomo da Lentini (1210–1260), poet
Guido Delle Colonne (1215–1290), poet
Antonio Beccadelli (1394–1471), poet, historian
Pietro Ranzano (1428–1492), historian
Lucio Marineo (1444–1533), humanist, historian
Giovanni Luca Barberi (1452–1520), historian
Cataldo Parisio (1455–1517), humanist
Tommaso Fazello (1498–1570), historian
Nicoletta Pasquale (16th century), poet
Antonio Veneziano (1543–1593), poet
Sebastiano Bagolino (1562–1604), poet, scholar
Pietro Fullone (1600–1670), poet
Filadelfo Mugnos (1607–1675), historian, genealogist, poet
Giuseppe Artale (1632–1679), poet
Giovanni Meli (1740–1815), poet
Domenico Tempio (1750–1821), poet
Michele Amari (1806–1889), historian, orientalist, politician
Gabriele Dara (1826–1885), Arbëreshë poet, politician
Luigi Capuana (1839–1915), writer
Giovanni Verga (1840–1922), novelist
Giuseppe Pitrè (1841–1916), historian
Mario Rapisardi (1844–1912), poet
Napoleone Colajanni (1847–1921), writer, journalist, politician
Pietro Gori (1865–1911), journalist, poet
Luigi Pirandello (1867–1936), dramatist, Nobel laureate
Nino Martoglio (1870–1921), writer, dramatist
Maria Messina (1887–1944), writer of short fiction, novelist
Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa (1896–1957), writer, poet
Ignazio Buttitta (1899–1997), poet
Salvatore Quasimodo (1901–1968), poet, Nobel laureate
Ercole Patti (1903–1976), writer
Vitaliano Brancati (1907–1954), writer
Elio Vittorini (1908–1966), writer
Helle Busacca (1915–1996), poet
Gesualdo Bufalino (1920–1996), writer
Leonardo Sciascia (1921–1989), writer, politician
Vince Colletta (1923–1991),  comic book artist, art director
Andrea Camilleri (1925–2019), novelist
Giuseppe Fava (1925–1984), writer and dramatist
Mario Francese (1925–1979), journalist
Maria Costa (1926–2016), poet
Candido Cannavò (1930–2009) sports journalist
Santi Visalli (born 1932), photojournalist
Vincenzo Consolo (1933–2012), novelist
Dacia Maraini (born 1936), novelist
Gaetano Cipolla (born 1937), Sicilian-to-English translator, author, publisher of the journal Arba Sicula
Emma Baeri (born 1942), feminist historian, political scientist
Peppino Impastato (1948–1978), journalist, political activist
Marcello Sorgi (born 1955), writer,  journalist
Lara Cardella (born 1969), novelist
Melissa Panarello (born 1985), novelist

Rulers, monarchs and warriors

Phalaris (died 555 or 554 BC), tyrant of Akragas
Theron (c. 535–472 BC), tyrant of Akragas
Diocles of Syracuse (5th century BC), legislator and military leader
Gelo (died 478 BC), tyrant of Gela and Syracuse
Hiero I (died 467 or 466), tyrant of Gela and Syracuse
Ducetius (died 440 BC), king of the Sicels
Dionysius I (432 – 367 BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Dion (408 – 354 BC), tyrant of Syracuse, friend of Plato
Hermocrates (died 407 BC), Syracusan general
Charondas (4th century), lawgiver
Dionysius II (397 – 343 BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Timoleon (411 – 337 BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Agathocles (361 – 289 BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Hicetas of Leontini (died 338 BC), tyrant of Leontini
Hiero II (c. 308–c. 215 BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Antander (4th century BC–3rd century BC), strategos
Epicydes (3rd century BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Lanassa (3rd century BC), queen consort of Epirus and Macedon
Hieronymus, (231–214 BC), tyrant of Syracuse
Euphemius (9th century AD), admiral
al-Hasan al-Kalbi (r. 948 – 964 AD), founder of the Emirate of Sicily
Jawhar al-Siqilli (966–992), general of the Fatimid Caliphate
Roger I (1031–1101), founder of the County of Sicily
Felicia (1078–1102), queen consort of Hungary
Roger II (1095-1154), king of Sicily
William I (1131–1166), king of Sicily
William II (1155–1189), king of Sicily
Tancred (1138–1194), king of Sicily
William III (1186–1198), king of Sicily
Constance I (1154–1198), queen of Sicily, Holy Roman Empress
Frederick II (1194–1250), king of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII (1211–1242), king of Sicily and Germany
Manfred (1232–1266), king of Sicily
Constance II (1249–1302), queen consort of Aragon and Sicily
Frederick III (1272–1337), king of Sicily
Peter II (1304–1342), king of Sicily
Constance (1305–1344), queen consort of Jerusalem and Cyprus and Armenia
Eleanor (1325–1375), queen consort of Aragon
Louis (1338–1355), king of Sicily
Frederick IV (1341–1377), king of Sicily
Maria (1363–1401), queen of Sicily
Costanza Chiaramonte (1377–1423), queen consort of Naples
Ferdinand II (1810–1859), king of the Two Sicilies

Politicians, civil servants and military personnel

Leopoldo de Gregorio, Marquess of Squillace (1699–1785), statesman
Federico Carlo Gravina (1756–1806), admiral of Spain
Francesco Paolo Di Blasi (1753/1755–1795), jurist, revolutionary
Carlo Cottone (1756–1829), politician
Ruggero Settimo (1776–1863), politician
Giuseppe La Farina (1815–1863), politician
Giuseppe Natoli (1815–1867), politician
Francesco Crispi (1819–1901), politician, 11th Prime Minister of Italy
Emanuele Notarbartolo (1834–1893), politician
Antonio Starabba, Marquess of Rudinì (1839–1908), politician, 12th Prime Minister of Italy
Antonino Paternò Castello, Marquess of San Giuliano (1852–1914), diplomat and Minister of Foreign Affairs
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (1860–1952), politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Italy
Pietro Lanza di Scalea (1863–1938), politician
Luigi Sturzo (1871–1959), politician
Guido Jung (1876–1949), banker, politician
Andrea Finocchiaro Aprile (1878–1964), politician
Gaspare Ambrosini (1886–1986), judge, politician
Luigi Rizzo (1887–1951), admiral
Gaetano Martino (1900–1967), politician
Vincent R. Impellitteri (1900–1987), politician, mayor of New York City
Mario Scelba (1901–1991), politician
Filippo Anfuso (1901–1963), diplomat, politician
Ugo La Malfa (1903–1979), politician
Giorgio La Pira (1904–1977), politician
Giuseppe Alessi (1905–2009), politician
Antonio Canepa (1908–1945), politician, revolutionary
Placido Rizzotto (1914–1948), trade union leader
Antonino Caponnetto (1920–2002), judge
Cesare Terranova (1921–1979), judge, politician
Rocco Chinnici (1925–1983), judge
Pio La Torre (1927–1982), politician
Boris Giuliano (1930–1979), policeman
Piersanti Mattarella (1935–1980), politician
Giovanni Falcone (1939–1992), judge
Paolo Borsellino (1940–1992), judge
Sergio Mattarella (born 1941), judge, politician, current president of Italy
Antonio Martino (born 1942), politician
Pietro Grasso (born 1945), judge, politician
Ninni Cassarà (1947–1985), policeman
Ignazio La Russa (born 1947), politician
Leoluca Orlando (born 1947), politician
Renato Schifani (born 1950), politician
Rosario Livatino (1952–1990), judge
Anna Finocchiaro (born 1955), politician
Angelino Alfano (born 1970), politician
Alfonso Bonafede (born 1976), politician
Antonin Scalia (1936–2016), U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice

Painters, sculptors and architects

Antonello da Messina (1430–1479), painter
Riccardo Quartararo (1443–1506), painter
Girolamo Alibrandi (1470–1524), painter
Antonello Gagini (1478–1536), sculptor
Giacomo del Duca (1520–1604), sculptor, architect
Tommaso Laureti (1530–1602), painter
Natale Masuccio (1561–1619), Jesuit architect
Mariano Smiriglio (1561–1636), architect, painter
Mario Minniti (1577–1640), painter
Alonzo Rodriguez (1578–1648), painter
Antonio Barbalonga (1600–1649), painter
Pietro Novelli (1603–1647), painter
Giovanni Quagliata (1603–1673), painter
Onofrio Gabrielli (1619–1706), painter
Agostino Scilla (1629–1700), painter
Angelo Italia (1628–1700), Jesuit architect
Filippo Tancredi (1655–1722), painter
Gaetano Giulio Zumbo (1656–1701), sculptor
Filippo Juvarra (1678–1736), architect
Rosario Gagliardi (1698–1762), architect
Giovanni Battista Vaccarini (1702–1768), architect
Pietro Novelli (1603–1647), painter
Giacomo Serpotta (1656–1732), sculptor
Olivio Sòzzi (1696–1765), painter
Giovanni Antonio Medrano (1703–1760), architect
Vincenzo Sinatra (1720–1765), architect
Francesco Sabatini (1722–1797), architect
Giuseppe Venanzio Marvuglia (1729–1814), architect
Mariano Rossi (1731–1807), painter
Giuseppe Velazquez (1750–1827), painter
Giuseppe Cammarano (1766–1850), painter
Michele Rapisardi (1822–1886), painter
Giovan Battista Filippo Basile (1825–1891), architect
Francesco Lojacono (1838–1915), painter
Vitaliano Poselli (1838–1918), architect
Vincenzo Ragusa (1841–1927), sculptor
Ettore Ximenes (1855–1926), sculptor
Ernesto Basile (1857–1932), architect
Mario Rutelli (1859–1941), sculptor
Giorgio de Chirico (1888–1978), painter
Francisco Salamone (1897–1959), architect
Giuseppe Migneco (1908–1997), painter
Renato Guttuso (1912–1987), painter
Emilio Greco (1913–1995), sculptor,
Topazia Alliata (1913–2015), painter, art curator
Salvatore Fiume (1915–1997), painter, sculptor, architect
Pietro Consagra (1920–2005), sculptor
Bruno Caruso (1927–2018), painter, illustrator, graphic designer
Arturo Di Modica (born 1941), sculptor
Emanuele Viscuso (born 1952), sculptor
Manfredi Beninati (born 1970), visual artist

Musicians

Sigismondo d'India (1582–1629), composer
Alessandro Scarlatti (1660–1725), composer
Emanuele d'Astorga (1680–1757), composer
Pietro Antonio Coppola (1793–1876), composer, conductor
Giovanni Pacini (1796–1867), composer
Mario Aspa (1797–1868), composer
Vincenzo Bellini (1801–1835), opera composer
Errico Petrella (1813–1877), opera composer
Corrado Galzio (1919–2020), musician and piano player
Antonino Gandolfo Brancaleone (1820–1888), composer
Achille Campisiano (1837–1908), pianist, composer
Roberto Stagno (1840–1897), tenor
Mario Sammarco (1868–1930), baritone
Giuseppe Anselmi (1876–1929), tenor
Vincent Rose (1880–1944), violinist, pianist, composer
Ignacio Corsini (1891–1967), folklore and tango musician
Santa Biondo (1892–1989), soprano
Salvatore Allegra (1898–1993), composer
Franco Ferrara (1911–1985), conductor
Giuseppe Di Stefano (1921–2008), operatic tenor
Rosa Balistreri (1927–1990),  singer
Roberto Pregadio (1928–2010), composer, conductor, TV personality
Pippo Caruso (1935–2018), composer, conductor
Tony Cucchiara (1937–2018), singer, composer
Umberto Balsamo (born 1942), singer-songwriter
Salvatore Adamo (born 1943), singer
Nico dei Gabbiani (1944–2012), singer
Aldo Stellita (1944–1998), composer, musician, member of Matia Bazar
Franco Battiato (1945–2021), musician, filmmaker
Gianni Bella (born 1945), singer-songwriter, composer
Cristiano Malgioglio (born 1945), singer-songwriter, composer
Salvatore Sciarrino (born 1947), composer
Christian (born 1949), singer
Frédéric François (born 1950), singer
Giuni Russo (1951–2004), singer-songwriter
Marcella Bella (born 1952), singer
Vincenzo Spampinato (born 1953), singer-songwriter
Luca Madonia (born 1957), singer-songwriter
Giovanni Sollima (born 1962), composer, cellist
Lucia Aliberti (born 1963), operatic soprano
Rosario Di Bella (born 1963), singer-songwriter
Mario Venuti (born 1963), singer-songwriter, producer
Marcello Giordani (1963–2019), tenor
Gerardina Trovato (born 1967), singer
Salvatore Di Vittorio (born 1967), composer
Francesca Alotta (born 1968), singer
Roy Paci (born 1969), trumpeter, singer-songwriter
Jeffrey Jey (born 1970), singer-songwriter, member of Eiffel 65
Paolo Buonvino (born 1970), composer, conductor, music arranger
Mario Biondi (born 1971), singer
Filippa Giordano (born 1974), singer
Carmen Consoli (born 1974), singer-songwriter
Misstress Barbara (born 1975), DJ, singer-songwriter
Antonino Fogliani (born 1976), conductor
Desirée Rancatore (born 1977), soprano
Vincenzo Luvineri (born 1977) rapper AKA Vinnie Paz
Silvia Salemi (born 1978), singer-songwriter
Marracash (born 1979), rapper
Giusy Ferreri (born 1979), singer
Romina Arena (born 1980), singer
Oriana Civile (born 1980), singer and ethnomusicologist
Cristina Scuccia (born 1988), singer
Francesco Cafiso (born 1989), jazz saxophonist
Giovanni Caccamo (born 1990), singer-songwriter
Deborah Iurato (born 1991), singer
Piero Barone (born 1993), singer, member of Il Volo
Lorenzo Fragola (born 1995), singer
La Bionda, composers, record producers

Actors, directors and producers

Angelo Musco (1872–1937), actor
Ernesto Almirante (1877–1964), actor
Febo Mari (1884–1939), actor, director
Mimi Aguglia (1884–1970), actress
Henry Armetta (1888–1945), actor
Sol Polito (1892–1960), cinematographer
Piero Carnabuci (1893–1958), actor
Frank Capra (1897–1991), actor, director
Rosina Anselmi (1880–1965), actress
Michele Abruzzo (1904–1996), actor
Rocco D'Assunta (1904–1970), actor
Salvo Randone (1906–1991), actor
Pino Mercanti (1911–1986), director, screenwriter
Gino Buzzanca (1912–1985), actor
Ignazio Balsamo (1912–1994), actor
Saro Urzì (1913–1979), actor
Mario Landi (1920–1992), director
Turi Ferro (1921–2001), actor
Adolfo Celi (1922–1986), actor
Ciccio Ingrassia (1922–2003), actor, director
Turi Vasile (1922–2009), producer, director
Vittorio De Seta (1923–2011), director
Nino Terzo (1923–2005), actor
Carlo Sposito (1924–1984), actor
Roberto Mauri (1924–2007),  actor, director
Carla Calò (1926–2019), actress
Franco Franchi (1928–1992), actor
Massimo Mollica (1929–2013), actor, theatre director
Luigi Vannucchi (1930–1978), actor
Franco Indovina (1932–1972), director, screenwriter
Michele Lupo (1932–1989), director
Pino Caruso (1934–2019), actor, author, TV personality
Tuccio Musumeci (born 1934), actor
Aldo Puglisi (born 1935), actor
Robert Hundar (1935–2008), actor
Daniela Rocca (1937–1995), actress, model
Biagio Pelligra (born 1937), actor
Lando Buzzanca (born 1938), actor
Michele Gammino (born 1941), actor
Elio Zamuto (born 1941), actor
Luigi Maria Burruano (1945–2017), actor
Leo Gullotta (born 1946), actor
Beppe Cino (born 1947), director
Carla Cassola (born 1947), actress
Nino Frassica (born 1950), actor
Jerry Calà (born 1951), actor, comedian
Andrea Tidona (born 1951), actor
Antonio Catania (born 1952), actor
Lucia Sardo (born 1952), actress
Frank Sivero (born 1952), actor
Riccardo Schicchi (1953–2012), director, producer
Tony Sperandeo (born 1953), actor
Giuseppe Tornatore (born 1956), director
Aurelio Grimaldi (born 1957), director
Donatella Maiorca (born 1957), director
Franco Maresco (born 1958), director
Roberto Andò (born 1959), director
Anna Kanakis (born 1962), model, actress
Daniele Ciprì (born 1962), director
Ninni Bruschetta (born 1962), actor, director
Enrico Lo Verso (born 1964), actor
Vincenzo Amato (born 1966), actor
Luigi Lo Cascio (born 1967), actor
Francesco Benigno (born 1967), actor
Salvatore Termini (born 1968), actor
Giuseppe Fiorello (born 1969), actor
Maria Grazia Cucinotta (born 1969), actress
Donatella Finocchiaro (born 1970), actress
Dario Bandiera (born 1970), actor, comedian
Ficarra e Picone (born 1971), actors, comedians
Lorenzo Crespi (born 1971), actor
Luca Guadagnino (born 1971), director
Pif (born 1972), actor, director
Paolo Briguglia (born 1974), actor
Loredana Cannata (born 1975), actress
Claudio Gioè (born 1975), actor
Barbara Tabita (born 1975), actress
Tiziana Lodato (born 1976), actress
Daniele Gangemi (born 1980), director
Nicole Grimaudo (born 1980), actress
Isabella Ragonese (born 1981), actress
Francesco Scianna (born 1982), actor
Margareth Madè (born 1982), actress
Valeria Bilello (born 1982), actress, model
Tea Falco (born 1986), actress
Chazz Palminteri (born 1952), actor

Sports figures
Paolo Boi (1528–1598), chess player
Pietro Speciale (1876–1945), fencer, gold medal in the team foil at the 1920 Antwerp Olympics
Giovanni Canova (1880–1960), fencer (gold medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics)
Francesco Calì (1882–1949), footballer
Johnny Dundee (1893–1965), boxer
Francesco Gargano (1899–1975), fencer and the first Sicilian to win a gold medal at the 1920 Antwerp Olympics
Giovanni Corrieri (1920–2017), road bicycle racer
Concetto Lo Bello (1924–1991), football referee
Enzo Maiorca (1931–2016),  free diver
Guido Messina (1931–2020), road bicycle racer (gold medal with the Italian team at the 1952 Summer Olympics)
Nino Vaccarella (born 1933), racecar driver
Franco Scoglio (1941–2005),  football manager
Giuseppe Furino (born 1946), footballer
Tullio Lanese (born 1947), football referee
Pietro Anastasi (1948–2020), footballer
Giovanni Scalzo (born 1959), fencer (gold medal in the team sabre event at the 1984 Summer Olympics)
Salvatore Antibo (born 1962), runner
Pasquale Marino (born 1962), footballer, football manager
Alessandro Campagna (water polo) (born 1963), water polo player and coach
Salvatore Schillaci (born 1964), footballer
Maurizio Randazzo (born 1964), fencer (gold medal in the team épée events at the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics)
Annarita Sidoti (1969–2015), race walker
Andrea Lo Cicero (born 1976),  rugby union player
Valerio Vermiglio (born 1976), volleyball player
Paolo Tiralongo (born 1977), road bicycle racer
Giuseppe Gibilisco (born 1979), pole vaulter
Silvia Bosurgi (born 1979), water polo player (gold medal with the Women's National Team at the 2004 Summer Olympics)
Giuseppe Mascara (born 1979), footballer
Giovanni Visconti (born 1983), road bicycle racer
Vincenzo Nibali (born 1984), road bicycle racer
Tony Cairoli (born 1985), eight-time Grand Prix motocross world champion
Luca Marin (born 1986), medley swimmer
Damiano Caruso (born 1987), road bicycle racer
Giorgio Avola (born 1989), fencer (gold medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's team foil event)
Mario Balotelli (born 1990), footballer
Daniele Garozzo (born 1992), foil fencer (gold medal in the Men's Individual Foil at the 2016 Summer Olympics)
Marco Cecchinato (born 1992), tennis player
Miriam Sylla (born 1995), volleyball player

Criminals

Others

Phrygillus (5th century BC), medallist and engraver of precious stones
Eunus (died 132 BC),  leader of the slave uprising in the First Servile War
Dina and Clarenza (13th century), heroines during the Sicilian Vespers
Manfredi Chiaramonte (died 1391), nobleman
Aaron Abualrabi (1400–1450), Jewish scholar, cabalist, and astrologer
Laura Lanza, Baroness of Carini (1529–1563), noblewoman
Juan Dominguez Palermo (c.1560–1635), conquistador
Procopio Cutò (1651–1727), chef
Giovanna Bonanno (1713–1789), alleged  witch and poisoner
Count Alessandro di Cagliostro (1743–1795), traveller, occultist
Lucia Migliaccio (1770–1826), second wife of the king Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Pietro Bachi (1787–1853), professor
Giuseppa Bolognara Calcagno (1826–1884), freedom fighter
Joseph Whitaker (1850–1936),  ornithologist, archaeologist and sportsman
Maria Paternò Arezzo (1869–1908), noblewoman, philanthropist
Ignazio Florio Jr. (1869–1957), entrepreneur
Franca Florio (1873–1950), noblewoman, socialite
Vincenzo Florio (1883–1959), entrepreneur and founder of the Targa Florio race
Frank Lentini (1884/1889–1966), showman
Josephine Terranova (1889–1981), accused murderer
Fulco di Verdura (1898–1978), jeweller
Nunzio Filogamo (1902–2002), television and radio presenter
Bernard Castro (1904–1991), inventor
Nicolò Carosio (1907–1984), sport journalist
Raimondo Lanza di Trabia (1915–1954), soldier, diplomat, sportsman
Rosalia Lombardo (1918–1920), known as the Sleeping Beauty
Renzo Barbera (1920–2002),  businessman and sportsman
Salvatore Giuliano (1922–1950), bandit
Danilo Dolci (1924–1997), social activist, sociologist
Enzo Sellerio (1924–2012), photographer, publisher, and collector
Libero Grassi (1924–1991), manufacturer and antimafia activist
Paolo Giaccone (1929–1982) professor, forensic pathologist and Mafia’s victim
Nuccio Costa (1925–1991), television presenter
Pino Zac (1930–1985), illustrator
Pippo Baudo (born 1936), television presenter
Giuseppe Coco (1936–2012), illustrator
Lino Saputo (born 1937), businessman
Giucas Casella (born 1949),  illusionist, hypnotist
Michele Cucuzza (born 1955), television presenter
Domenico Dolce (born 1958), fashion designer
Rosario Fiorello (born 1960), singer, television personality
Pietro Scalia (born 1960), film editor
Angelo d'Arrigo (1961–2006), aviator
Fabrizio Corona (born 1974), photographer, actor, television personality
Eleonora Abbagnato (born 1978), ballet dancer, model
Eva Riccobono (born 1983), model
Miriam Leone (born 1985), model, television personality
La Diamond (born 1987), drag queen, winner of Drag Race Italia (season two)
Diletta Leotta (born 1991), television personality
 Aura Eternal (born 1998), drag queen, finalist of Drag Race Italia (season two)

Notable people of Sicilian descent by birthplace

Europe
Italy:
Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino (1602–1661), cardinal and Chief minister of France
Domenico Scarlatti (1685–1757), composer
Luigi Almirante (1884–1963), actor
Giorgio de Chirico (1888–1978), painter
Totò (1898–1967), actor
Julius Evola (1898–1974), political philosopher, esotericist, painter
Giuseppe Giovanni Lanza del Vasto (1901–1981), philosopher, poet, artist
Pietro Ingrao (1915-2015), politician
Enrico Maria Salerno (1926–1994), actor
Emanuele Severino (1929–2020), philosopher
Bartolomeo Sorge (1929-2020), Jesuit
Paolo Villaggio (1932–2017), actor
Sophia Loren (born 1934), actress
Bettino Craxi (1934–2000), politician, former Prime Minister of Italy
Giuliano Amato (born 1938), politician, former Prime Minister of Italy
Giorgio La Malfa (born 1939), politician
Toto Cutugno (1943–2023), singer-songwriter
Beppe Grillo (born 1948), actor and politician
Gaetano Scirea (born 1953), footballer
Francesco Rutelli (born 1954), Mayor of Rome
Michele Serra (born 1954), writer and journalist
Ignazio Marino (born 1955), Mayor of Rome
Sergio Scariolo (born 1961), basketball coach
Amadeus (born 1962), Tv presenter
Antonio Albanese (born 1964), actor
Paolo Virzì (born 1964), film director, writer, producer
Max Gazzè (born 1967), singer-songwriter
Gianluigi Lentini (born 1969), footballer
Stefan Schwoch (born 1969), footballer
Massimo Oddo (born 1976), footballer
Giorgia Meloni (born 1977), politician
Luca Argentero (born 1978), actor
Sebastian Giovinco (born 1987), footballer
Vito Mannone (born 1988), footballer
Roberto Gagliardini (born 1994), footballer
Nicola Cabibbo (born 1935), physicist
Dario Argento (born 1940), film director

Belgium:
Enzo Scifo (born 1966), footballer, football manager
Lara Fabian (born 1970), singer
Silvio Proto (born 1983), footballer

France:
Jean-Paul Belmondo (born 1933), actor
Roberto Alagna (born 1963), tenor
Jean Alesi (born 1964), Formula One driver
Nathalie Cardone (born 1967), actress, singer
Alexandre del Valle (born 1968), writer, professor, columnist
Calogero (born 1971), singer
Fabio Quartararo (born 1999), motorcycle racer

Germany:
Ralph Giordano (1923–2014), writer
Lou Bega (born 1975), singer
Vincenzo Grifo (born 1993), footballer

Switzerland:
Sébastien Buemi (1988), Formula One driver

United Kingdom:
Gia Scala (1934–1972), actress
Tony Iommi (born 1948), guitarist
Ronnie O'Sullivan (born 1975), professional snooker player
Luke Pasqualino (born 1990), actor
Nico Mirallegro (born 1991), actor

Africa
Algeria:
Edwige Fenech (born 1948), actress

Libya:
Claudio Gentile (born 1953), footballer, football manager

Tunisia:
Sandra Milo (born 1933), actress
Claudia Cardinale (born 1938), actress
Claude Bartolone (born 1951), politician, former President of the National Assembly of France

America
Argentina:
Salvador Mazza (1886–1946), physician, epidemiologist
Argentina Brunetti (1907–2005), actress
René Favaloro (1923–2000), cardiac surgeon
Duilio Marzio (1923–2013), actor
Alfredo Di Stéfano (1926–2014), footballer, football manager
Carlos Bilardo (born 1939), footballer, football manager
Alfio Basile (born 1943), footballer, football manager
Ricardo Bochini (born 1954), footballer
Martín Palermo (born 1973), footballer
Gabriel Heinze (born 1978), footballer
Florencia Bertotti (born 1983), actress, singer
Javier Mascherano (born 1984), footballer
Federico Fazio (born 1987), footballer
Leonel Vangioni (born 1987), footballer

Canada:
Yvonne De Carlo (1987–2007), actress, dancer, singer
Joey Saputo (born 1964), businessman, sportsman
Michael Cammalleri (born 1982), ice hockey player
Carmelina Moscato (born 1984), soccer player
Michael Cera (born 1994), actor, musician

United States:
List of Sicilian-Americans

Australia
Australia:
Tina Arena (born 1967), singer-songwriter
Natalie Imbruglia (born 1975), singer, actress
The Veronicas (born 1984), singers
Daniel Ricciardo (born 1989), Formula One driver

Footnotes

See also
Sicilian-Americans
List of Sicilian-Americans

Sicily
Sicily


Rudi may refer to:

People
Rudi (spiritual teacher)

Places
Rudi (Tanzanian ward)
Rudi, Iran (disambiguation)
Rudi, Soroca, a commune in Soroca district, Moldova
Rudi (river), a tributary of the Pârâul Galben in Gorj County, Romania

Other uses
Rudi (band), a punk rock band
, a Hansa A Type cargo ship
Rudi, a variant of Rudy, a diminutive of Rudolf
Revision using distal inflow (RUDI)

See also
 Rudy (disambiguation)


The Thomas Aspinwall Davis House is a historic house at 29 Linden Place in Brookline, Massachusetts. The house was built in 1844, by Thomas Aspinwall Davis, later a mayor of Boston, and is one of the earliest buildings to survive from his Linden Park project, the first residential subdivision in Brookline. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Description and history
The Thomas Aspinwall Davis House stands in Brookline's Linden Park residential neighborhood, east of Brookline Village, on the south side of Linden Place nearly opposite Linden Square. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. The house is predominantly Italianate in style, with three bays across, hooded front windows, and a cupola.  The central front gable is decorated with Gothic bargeboard, and the building supposedly had a more ornately decorated porch before its move in 1903.

The Davis family had for a long time been landowners in this area of Brookline. In 1843, Thomas Aspinwall Davis took the area surrounding what is now Linden Park and Linden Square, and worked with landscape designer Alexander Wadsworth to lay out the two small parks and house lots. The house lots, auctioned in 1843 and 1844, became Brookline's first residential subdivision. Davis built this house in 1843, originally facing Linden Park. It was moved in 1903 to its present orientation facing Linden Place.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Brookline, Massachusetts

References

Houses in Brookline, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Brookline, Massachusetts
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Norfolk County, Massachusetts
Houses completed in 1844
Gothic Revival architecture in Massachusetts


The 1884 Baltimore Monumentals finished with a 58–47 record in the Union Association, finishing in fourth place. This was the only season this version of the team existed, and indeed the only season the Union Association existed.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1884 Baltimore Monumentals team page at Baseball Reference

Baltimore Monumentals season


John Moran may refer to:

John Moran (cellist) (born 1963), American musician and musicologist
John Moran (composer) (born 1965), American composer
John Moran (geneticist), American scientist
John Moran (Medal of Honor) (1830–1905), American soldier
John Moran (photographer) (1831–1902), American photographer and artist
John Moran (rugby league), Australian rugby league footballer
John A. Moran (born 1932), American businessman
John B. Moran (1859–1909), American politician, District Attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts
John E. Moran (1856–1930), Philippine-American War Medal of Honor recipient
John Edward Moran (1897–1962), American politician, mayor of Burlington, Vermont
John P. Moran, member of the Los Angeles, California, Common Council
Jack Moran (1906–1959), English footballer
Jack Moran (Australian footballer) (1919–1979), Australian rules footballer
Jack Moran (boxer) (1894–1966), American boxer
Jack Moran (broadcaster) (1920–1997), American sportscaster
Jackie Moran (1923–1990), American actor

See also
John Moran Bailey (1904–1975), American political figure
John Wilson, 2nd Baron Moran (1924–2014), British soldier and diplomat


Kakeda Toshimune (died 1548) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period, who served the Date clan.

Date retainers
Samurai
1548 deaths
Year of birth unknown


The 1884 Boston Reds finished with a 58–51 record in the Union Association, finishing in fifth place (fourth among teams that played a full schedule). This was the only season the team existed, and indeed the only season the Union Association existed.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Relief pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1884 Boston Reds at Baseball Reference

Boston Reds season
Baseball in Boston


The 1884 Cincinnati Outlaw Reds finished with a 69–36 record in the Union Association, finishing in third place (second among teams that played a full schedule). This was the only season the team existed, and indeed the only season the Union Association existed.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Postseason
The Outlaw Reds played a postseason series against the first place team in the UA, the St. Louis Maroons. The Outlaw Reds managed just four wins in sixteen games against the league champs.

Notes

References
 Society for Cincinnati Sports Research
 1884 Cincinnati Outlaw Reds team page at Baseball Reference

Cincinnati Outlaw Reds season
Cincinnati Outlaw Reds
Cincinnati Outlaw Reds
Baseball teams established in 1884
Baseball teams disestablished in 1884
1884 establishments in Ohio
1884 disestablishments in Ohio


The Norfolk Punt is a type of yacht, derived from the flat-bottomed gun punts that roamed the Broadland waters in the mid-to-late 19th century. However, at the turn of the 20th century, in order to get to and from the hunting grounds more quickly, the punters developed their highly unstable craft to carry a basic mast and sail for travelling with the wind. It is from these humble beginnings that one of the country's most exciting and powerful racing dinghy classes was born.

If racing in a mixed fleet of classes, the Norfolk Punt receives a Portsmouth number of 879 as a handicap.

Classic or traditional Punts

The older Punts are still very much in existence today and race in the same fleets as the newer boats. However, due to their rather more antiquated hull designs they compete on a handicap to allow fair racing. Boats designed and built as early as the late 1920s are still regularly seen on the water, with arguably the most successful Punt ever, dating back to 1935, winning four National Championships in the late 80s and just outside the top 3 as recently as 2003.

Amongst the early designers were such famous sailors as Uffa Fox and Jack Holt, although most successful boats were from the drawing boards of local designers, the most prolific being Herbert Woods, Walter Woods, H.T. Percival and W. F. Mollett. Early boats were generally of clinker construction and varied from , although once in the 1930s pretty much all the designs were . Initially gaff rigs were the norm, but as the class entered the 1930s Punt owners adopted Bermuda rigs.

Today many of the early Punts have been lovingly and painstakingly renovated or rebuilt, transformed into varnished works of art. Some have been brought into the 21st century, sporting carbon spars, trapezes and composite sails atop their beautiful, near-century-old clinker hulls. Whatever the owners' personal choices, these older boats are well loved and still very fast, offering near- 29er-type speed in an elegant package.

One-design Punts

In the eight years immediately after World War II only one boat was built, and it became apparent that the post-World War II economy meant that a new breed of boat needed to be designed, if the class was not to disappear into ignominy. Dick Wyche of Wyche and Coppock designed a  boat made of plywood that proved far cheaper to build and far lighter and faster to sail. This design hustled the class into a new era, with the next 25 boats being built to Dick Wyche's plans, and with the class incorporating the trapeze in the 1960s and offering a fibreglass alternative in the 70s.
In the late 70s the Wyche and Coppock Punt had the distinction of being the fastest dinghy in production.

To this day, the 'hard chine' Punt is a favourite of many, possibly because of its exceptional performance in light to medium conditions, and is still as much in production as ever; of the nine Punts built since 2000, four have been to this design. However, once again owners' preferences have caused rig configurations to vary, from aluminium to carbon spars, single or twin trapezes and symmetric or asymmetric spinnakers.

Development years

After 32 years of design 'hiatus', the one-design progression of the class was shattered by the return of development. Andy Wolstenholme's prototype double-chine design led the charge, showing just how much faster the Punt could be. This was followed by the most numerically popular of the "Progress" designs, coming from the board of the world-renowned dinghy designer, Phil Morrison, whose cold-moulded modern hull proved to be blisteringly fast with a PY rating of 875.

Designs from Fabian Bush, David Horne and Stephen Jones broadened the spectrum and appeal of the class, with hull lengths from  and diverse construction materials – sheet ply, clinker planks, cold moulded wood, fibreglass, carbon and Kevlar – can be found in the development fleet. As with the "hard chine" fleet, rig configurations vary, from aluminium to carbon spars, single or twin trapezes and symmetric or asymmetric spinnakers. These “Progress” designs have traveled the length and breadth of the UK to compete in some of the bigger one-off handicap regattas such as the Grafham Grand Prix, the Bloody Mary, etc. As long as the conditions are appropriate (i.e. no waves), the boats and the sailors acquit themselves favourably against the mainstream competition.

Sources

 "Norfolk Punts, 1926–2006" by Jamie Campbell, published by Hamilton Publications

External links

 Norfolk Punt Owners Association
 Norfolk Punt Club

Dinghies


Lalita Lajmi (17 October 1932 – 13 February 2023) was an Indian painter. She was a self-taught artist born into a family involved in the arts, and was very fond of classical dance even as a child. She was the sister of Hindi film director, producer, and actor Guru Dutt. In 1994, she was invited to the Guru Dutt Film Festival, organised by Gopalkrishna Gandhi, the Indian High Commissioner at Nehru Centre, London. Her work was also influenced by Indian films such as those made by her brother, Satyajit Ray and Raj Kapoor.

In one of her interviews Lalitha Lajmi said that, being from a middle-class background, her family could not afford her joining classical dance classes. She was from a traditional family and hence developed an interest in art. Her uncle B. B. Benegal, who was a commercial artist from Kolkata, brought her a box of paints. She seriously began painting in 1961 but in those days one could not sell one's work and hence she had to teach in an art school to support herself financially. While teaching she worked with disabled and underprivileged children. Her first painting was sold for just Rs. 100 to a German art collector, Dr. Heinzmode. He used to take her works and in exchange gave her works of German artists or some books.

Lajmi said that her work had no particular direction until the late 1970s. Then she started evolving and started doing etchings, oils and watercolors. Her 1990s work which show hidden tensions that exist between men and women captured different roles they play. But her women were not meek but assertive and aggressive. She even used images of Kali and Durga in her work. Her closest inspiration was a series she painted called "The Family series" and this work was displayed at Chemould.

Personal life
Her parents were originally settled in Karwar but relocated to Bangalore. Lajmi's father was a poet and her mother was a polylingual writer. She grew up in Bhowanipore. Her uncle BB Benegal introduced her to painting as a child when he brought her a box of paints and sent her work for a competition; later she got her first prize. Her urge to paint developed rapidly in the 1960s, which is when she started painting seriously. Her first exhibition was the group exhibition at Jehangir Art Gallery in Mumbai, where, in 1961, she also held her first solo exhibition. Lajmi taught at Campion School and Convent of Jesus & Mary for over two decades and later enrolled in the JJ School of Art to complete her art masters. Lalitha Lajmi's works are held in collections in the National Gallery of Modern Art and the CSMVS Museum in India, and the British Museum.

She married Captain Gopi Lajmi. She has a daughter with Captain Gopi Lajmi. Her daughter, Kalpana Lajmi, was also a Hindi film director.

Lajmi died on 13 February 2023, at the age of 90.

Career
She started painting in the early 1960s, when she participated in a group exhibition at Jehangir Art Gallery, Mumbai. At the same gallery she had her first solo exhibition in 1961. Over a career spanning 5 decades, she had several exhibitions at both national and international platforms. She has exhibited her work in India, (Germany) and US. Lajmi has given lectures in India and UK as well. She also showcased her work in Graphic workshop of Prof. Paul Lingerine in Mumbai and two of her etchings were selected for "India Festival" 1985, USA. Her work has been displayed in various famous art galleries including Prithvi Art Gallery, Pundole Art Gallery, Apparao Gallery, Chennai, Pundole Gallery, Mumbai, Hutheesing Centre for Visual Art, Ahmedabad, Art Heritage, New Delhi, Gallery Gay, Germany, Prints Exhibition at Max Muller Bhavan, Kolkata etc. Lajmi's primary work was appreciated but she shrugged that her later work was left unnoticed because of which she started teaching at Campion school and Convent of Jesus and Mary for over 20 years.

Some of her group exhibitions includes A SYCO, The viewing Room, Mumbai, Think Small, art Alive Gallery, New Delhi, The Feminine Eye, Gallery Sara Arakkal, Bangalore. Her initial work displayed a lot of autobiographical elements and her later work reflected the hidden tension between men and women. Lajmi has also showcased a natural bonding between mother and daughter in her work.

She gave a guest appearance in Aamir Khan's 2007 Bollywood film, Taare Zameen Par and has also done costume designing for a play by Amol Palekar She has also worked as a graphics artist in Hindi movie Aghaat.

Style
Lalita was a self-taught artist, in spite of art and painting books, she lacked guidance in her style and kind of art and hence, she ended up constantly experimenting. Gradually, at the end of the 1970s, she began doing etchings and oil and watercolor paintings. When observed, most of her work displays strong autobiographical elements. Her earlier works drew inspirations from her personal life and observations, while her later work reflected the hidden tension between men and women.

Lajmi's works are figurative in nature – men, women, children and clowns. 'Performance' has been a constant motif on her works, she portraits people's interactions, her early works were melancholic in nature, and her later works are more optimistic. But through the years, her works have continued being autobiographical.

In the mid-1980s, Lajmi's work had evolved into etchings, oils and watercolors. The works of the late 1980s and early 1990s reflect the latent tensions that exist between men and women, captured in the different roles they play. She portrays her women as assertive and aggressive individuals. She uses the images of Durga or Kali on the top of emaciated men who are kneeling, almost as if they were in the middle of some form of classical corporal punishment. She has also depicted the natural bonding that exists between women, between mother and daughter figures, perhaps drawing from her own relationship with her daughter, well-known filmmaker Kalpana.

For Lajmi, nurturing her passion for art and cinema was a constant struggle. Indian films have been the biggest influence on her work, especially the ones made by her brother, Guru Dutt, Satyajit Ray and Raj Kapoor.

Exhibitions and collections
Exhibitions

 13 January 2023 to 26 February 2023: National Gallery of Modern Art, Mumbai - The Mind's Cupboard - Lalitha Lajmi - A retrospective
 1997: Appa Rao Gallery, Chennai
 1996: Pundole's, Mumbai
 1981: Hutheesing Centre for Visual Art, Ahmedabad
 1980: Art Heritage, New Delhi
 1978, 1974, 1972, 1966, 1962, 1961: Mumbai, Germany and USA
 1978: Gallery Gay, Germany
 1977: Prints Exhibition at Max Muller Bhavan, Kolkata
 1976: Boston and Los Angeles

Collections

 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay
 Space Research Centre, Ahmedabad
 CMC Office – Bombay, Delhi and Calcutta
 National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi
National Gallery of Modern Art, Mumbai
 Lalit Kala Academy, New Delhi
 Chandigarh Museum, Chandigarh
 Bradford Museum, England, UK
 British Museum, London, UK
Air India Office, Bombay
Procter and Gamble Ltd
Jehangir Nicholson Art Foundation
 Birla Museum, Hyderabad
Tehelka, “ART FOR FREEDOM” for BON-HAMS Auction in London
Domestic airport in Mumbai by Tarana Khubchandani of Art & Soul Gallery.
Jehangir Art Gallery, 15–21 January 2014

Awards
1997: ICCR Travel Grant for International Contemporary Indian Women Artists Show for 50 Years of Indian Independence organized by Mills College of Art at Oakland, California
1983: ICCR Travel Grant to Germany
1979: Bombay Art Society, Mumbai
1978: State Art Exhibition Award
1977: Bombay Art Society Award (Etching)
1977: ICCR Travel Grant to Oakland, California
She was the recipient of the Government of India Junior Fellowship from 1979 to 1983

References

External links

 Conversation with Lalita Lajmi

1932 births
2023 deaths
20th-century Indian painters
20th-century Indian women artists
21st-century Indian women artists
Konkani people
Artists from Kolkata
Indian women painters
Indian women contemporary artists
Indian contemporary painters
Women artists from West Bengal
Painters from West Bengal


The 1884 Milwaukee Brewers were an American professional baseball team that served as a replacement team late in the Union Association (UA) season of . Called the Cream Citys by both local newspapers, and appearing in some sources as the Milwaukee Grays, they had a record of 8–4.

The minor-league Milwaukee Brewers  came to the UA from the Northwestern League, as did the St. Paul Saints, and were managed by Tom Loftus. They played their home games at the Wright Street Grounds. The Brewers joined the new Western League for the 1885 season before folding and being replaced by a different Milwaukee Brewers team that played the following year in the Northwestern League.

Regular season

Season standings

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Notes

References

External links
 1884 Milwaukee Brewers team page at Baseball Reference

Milwaukee Brewers season


Fast & Furious (also known as The Fast and the Furious) is an American media franchise centered on a series of action films that are largely concerned with street racing, heists, spies, and family. The franchise also includes short films, a television series, toys, video games, live shows, and theme park attractions. The films are distributed by Universal Pictures.

The first film, based on the 1998 Vibe magazine article "Racer X" by Ken Li and written by Gary Scott Thompson, Erik Bergquist, and David Ayer, was released in 2001. It began the original tetralogy of films focused on illegal street racing, which culminated in the film Fast & Furious (2009). The series transitioned towards heists and spying with Fast Five (2011), which was followed by five sequels in that genre, the most recent of which, Fast X, was released on May 19, 2023.

Universal expanded the series to include the spin-off film Hobbs & Shaw (2019), while its subsidiary DreamWorks Animation followed this with the six-season animated streaming television series Fast & Furious Spy Racers (2019–2021). Soundtrack albums have been released for all the films, as well as compilation albums containing existing music heard in the films. Two short films that tie into the series have also been released.

The series has been commercially successful. It is Universal's biggest franchise and the seventh highest-grossing film series, with a combined gross of over $7 billion. Critical reception for the first four films was mixed until the fifth and later films, which were more positively received. Outside of the films, Fast & Furious has been the focus of other media, including attractions at Universal Studios Hollywood and Universal Studios Florida, live shows, commercials, toys, and video games.

Films

Released

The Fast and the Furious (2001)

Brian O'Conner, an LAPD officer, goes undercover in the street racing world to investigate a group of unknown truck hijackers, believed to be led by Dominic Toretto.

2 Fast 2 Furious (2003)

Brian O'Conner and Roman Pearce team up to go undercover for the U.S. Customs Service to bring down drug lord Carter Verone in exchange for the erasure of their criminal records.

This is the only film in the main series without Vin Diesel as Dominic Toretto.

The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift (2006)

High school car enthusiast Sean Boswell is sent to live in Tokyo with his father and finds solace in the city's drifting community.

Vin Diesel makes a cameo appearance as Dominic Toretto at the end of the film.

Fast & Furious (2009)

Dominic Toretto and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent Brian O'Conner are forced to work together to avenge the murder of Toretto's lover Letty Ortiz and apprehend drug lord Arturo Braga.

The film is set five years after the events of The Fast and the Furious, and before Tokyo Drift, with Sung Kang reprising his role as Han Lue from the latter film.

Fast Five (2011)

Dom, Brian, along with Dom's sister Mia plan a heist to steal $100 million from corrupt businessman Hernan Reyes while being pursued for arrest by U.S. Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) agent Luke Hobbs.

The film is also set before the events of Tokyo Drift. Despite not appearing in the film, a picture of Michelle Rodriguez as Letty Ortiz is seen in the mid-credits scene, where Eva Mendes reprises her role as Monica Fuentes from 2 Fast 2 Furious.

Fast & Furious 6 (2013)

Dominic Toretto, Brian O'Conner and their team are offered amnesty for their crimes by Luke Hobbs, in exchange for helping him take down a skilled mercenary organization led by Owen Shaw, one member of which is Toretto's former lover Letty Ortiz.

The film is the final film to be set before the events of Tokyo Drift. Jason Statham appears as Owen's older brother Deckard Shaw in the credits scene, seemingly killing Han, as seen in Tokyo Drift.

Furious 7 (2015)

Dominic Toretto, Brian O'Conner, and their team are recruited by covert ops leader Mr. Nobody to prevent terrorist Mose Jakande from obtaining a hacking program. Meanwhile, Deckard Shaw, a rogue special forces assassin seeking to avenge his comatose younger brother Owen Shaw, puts Dominic Toretto and the team in danger once again.

The film is set after the events of Fast & Furious 6 and continues from the ending of Tokyo Drift, with Lucas Black reprising his role as Sean Boswell. It also marks the final appearance of Paul Walker as Brian O'Conner, due to his death in 2013.

The Fate of the Furious (2017)

Cyberterrorist Cipher coerces Dominic Toretto into working for her and turns him against his team, forcing them to take down Cipher and reunite with him.

This is the first film since Tokyo Drift to not feature Paul Walker as Brian O'Conner and Jordana Brewster as Mia Toretto.

Fast & Furious Presents: Hobbs & Shaw (2019)

Luke Hobbs and Deckard Shaw team up with Deckard's sister Hattie to battle cybernetically enhanced terrorist Brixton Lore threatening the world with a deadly virus.

The film is set after the events of The Fate of the Furious. Dwayne Johnson, Jason Statham, and Helen Mirren reprise their roles from the main series.

F9 (2021)

Dominic Toretto and his family must stop a world-shattering plot headed by Cipher and Dominic's estranged younger brother Jakob.

The film is set two years after the events of The Fate of the Furious. This is the first film since Fast & Furious not to feature Dwayne Johnson as Luke Hobbs. Jason Statham appears as Deckard Shaw in the mid-credits scene, while Jordana Brewster returns to the franchise in her role of Mia Toretto, along with Sung Kang as Han Lue, who is revealed to be alive, and Lucas Black as Sean Boswell. Shad Moss and Jason Tobin reprise their roles as Twinkie and Earl, respectively, from Tokyo Drift.

Fast X (2023)

Dominic Toretto must protect his family and crew from Dante Reyes, the son of deceased drug kingpin Hernan Reyes.

The film is set two years after the events of F9 and ten years after Fast Five. Dwayne Johnson returns to the franchise as Luke Hobbs in the mid-credits scene, while Gal Gadot reprises her role as Gisele Yashar, who is revealed to have survived the events of Fast & Furious 6.

Future

Fast & Furious Presents: Hobbs & Reyes (TBA)
In November 2019, producer Hiram Garcia confirmed that all creatives involved have intentions in developing a sequel to Hobbs & Shaw, with conversations regarding the project ongoing. By March 2020, Dwayne Johnson confirmed that a sequel was officially in development, while the creative team was not yet decided. Garcia confirmed the project was in active development a month later, citing the box office performance of Hobbs & Shaw, and announced Chris Morgan would return to write. Johnson expressed excitement for the sequel that same month, stating that it will introduce new characters.

In November 2021, Johnson revealed that he had developed an original idea for the sequel, which he described as "the antithesis of Fast & Furious" and that he presented the concept to Universal Pictures chairwoman Donna Langley, as well as Garcia and Morgan. He elaborated the sequel would take immediate precedence over the rest of his film-slate, and further teased its development will progress after he completes the holiday-action film Red One (2023). Later that month, Garcia confirmed that work on the screenplay is ongoing, calling the film "very ambitious". In December 2022, Universal Pictures producer Kelly McCormick stated the film's production has been stalled.

In June 2023, Johnson announced plans for a direct Hobbs & Shaw sequel were postponed, and that a standalone sequel serving as a direct continuation to Fast X (2023) that would bridge into the eleventh main film was in development. The film's title, Hobbs & Reyes, was then announced, with Johnson and Jason Momoa set to star. Morgan is set to return to write the film, with Garcia, Johnson, Dany Garcia, Vin Diesel, Samantha Vincent, Jeff Kirschenbaum, and Neal H. Moritz set to produce.

Untitled Fast X sequel (2025)
In April 2023, Louis Leterrier was announced as the director of an untitled sequel to Fast X and Hobbs & Reyes, while Christina Hodson and Oren Uziel were confirmed as screenwriters five days later. Later that month at CinemaCon, Vin Diesel revealed the eleventh film will be released in 2025. The project is put on hold due to the 2023 Writers Guild of America and ongoing SAG-AFTRA strikes.

Untitled twelfth film (TBA)
In May 2023, during Fast X'''s premiere in Rome, Diesel claimed Universal requested the finale be extended to three parts.

 Untitled female-led spin-off (TBA)
In 2015, Diesel said major spin-offs were in development. A female spin-off was confirmed in 2019 with Nicole Perlman, Lindsey Beer, and Geneva Robertson-Dworet as screenwriters.

 Short films

The short films were either released direct-to-video or saw limited theatrical distribution, being mostly included as special features for The Fast and the Furious, 2 Fast 2 Furious, and Fast & Furious, as part of the DVD releases. The films, which range from 10 to 20 minutes, are designed to be self-contained stories that provide backstory for characters or events introduced in the films. They were also designed to bridge the chronological gap that was created as the initial leads departed the series.

 The Turbo Charged Prelude for 2 Fast 2 Furious (2003)

Brian O'Conner escapes from Los Angeles to avoid law enforcement until his eventual arrival to Miami.

The film is set between the events of The Fast and the Furious and 2 Fast 2 Furious.

 Los Bandoleros (2009)

Dominic Toretto lives as a wanted fugitive in the Dominican Republic. He eventually reunites with Letty and other associates to plan the hijacking of a gasoline shipment to help an impoverished neighborhood.

The film is set after the events of The Fast and the Furious and before Fast & Furious.

 Television

 Fast & Furious Spy Racers (2019–2021)

Tony Toretto (voiced by Tyler Posey), Dominic Toretto's cousin, is recruited by a government agency together with his friends to infiltrate an elite racing league serving as a front for a crime organization called SH1FT3R that is bent on world domination.Fast & Furious Spy Racers is an animated series produced by DreamWorks Animation Television, based on the film franchise. Vin Diesel reprises his role as Dominic Toretto, voicing the character in brief appearances. It is executive produced by Tim Hedrick, Bret Haaland, Diesel, Neal Moritz and Chris Morgan. Hedrick and Haaland also serve as the show's showrunners. The series' first season was released on Netflix on December 26, 2019, and its second season on October 9, 2020. Its third season was released on December 26, the fourth season on April 16, 2021. The fifth was released on August 13, and the sixth and final season premiered on December 17, 2021.

 Cast and crew
 Principal cast

 Additional crew and production details

 Production
 Development
 Main films

In 2000, actor Paul Walker had worked with director Rob Cohen on The Skulls. Cohen secured a deal with producer Neal H. Moritz for an untitled action film for Universal Pictures, and approached Walker and asked him to suggest his "dream" action film; Walker suggested a mash-up of the films Days of Thunder (1990) and Donnie Brasco (1997). Soon thereafter, Cohen and Moritz brought him the Vibe magazine article "Racer X" by Ken Li, published in May 1998, which detailed underground street racing operating in New York City, and suggested a story set to follow Walker as an undercover cop tasked with infiltrating the world of underground street racing in Los Angeles inspired by the article. Upon hearing this, Walker signed on immediately; finding his co-star proved difficult. The studio warmed toward the idea of Timothy Olyphant in the role of Dominic Toretto, due to the success of the blockbuster Gone in 60 Seconds (2000), but he declined. Moritz persisted on Vin Diesel following his performance in Pitch Black (2000), with Diesel accepting after proposing several script changes. Moritz had difficulty choosing between the titles Racer X (after the article), Redline, Race Wars and Street Wars, but was ultimately inspired by a documentary on American International Pictures, which included the 1954 film The Fast and the Furious. Moritz was traded use of some stock footage to its director, Roger Corman, in exchange for a license to use the title. Upon release in June 2001, the film shattered box office expectations and a sequel was green-lit.

Diesel declined to return for the sequel, saying that the screenplay was inferior to its predecessor. Cohen also declined the sequel, opting to develop the film XXX (2002), which starred Diesel in the lead role. To account for these changes, Universal commissioned the writers to create a standalone sequel with Walker in the lead and brought in John Singleton as the new director. Filming was delayed by a year and the production location shifted to Miami. Tyrese Gibson, who worked with Singleton on the film Baby Boy (2001), was hired as Walker's new co-star and was the first entry in the series to feature long-running cast member Ludacris.

Universal attempted to bring back Diesel for the third installment, but he again declined due to other projects and a dislike for the script. After failing to secure the returns of Walker or any other member of the original cast, Universal ordered a reboot of the franchise. Screenwriter Chris Morgan subsequently attempted to revive the series primarily for car enthusiasts, introducing new characters, focusing on a car-related subculture and moving the series to Tokyo; Japan contains one of the world's largest automotive industries. It is the first film in the series to start its tradition of filming in locations outside the United States. Moritz returned and hired director Justin Lin, having been impressed with Lin's work for the film Better Luck Tomorrow (2002), which shared similar elements with Tokyo Drift. The third film marked the first appearance in the Fast & Furious franchise of Han Lue, portrayed by Sung Kang, a character who originated from Lin's Better Luck Tomorrow. Although the relation between Better Luck Tomorrow and Fast & Furious was originally left unaddressed, both Lin and Kang repeatedly confirmed during the following years that it was the same character, and that Better Luck Tomorrow doubled as Han's origin story, retroactively making the film part of the Fast & Furious continuity. Moreover, with Tokyo Drift, the series was able to bring Diesel in for a cameo appearance, in exchange for letting the actor's production company acquire the rights to the Riddick character. The third film was the least financially successful of the franchise, received lukewarm reception and left the future of the franchise in limbo.

Away from the franchise, Diesel made a string of box office or critical flops, including The Chronicles of Riddick (2004), The Pacifier (2005) and Find Me Guilty (2006), but his cameo in Tokyo Drift generated interest in reviving the series. After signing Diesel and confirming the return of Lin, Universal worked to track the first film's original co-stars and re-signed Walker, Michelle Rodriguez and Jordana Brewster in mid-2008. Walker was initially reluctant to rejoin the franchise after six years, but Diesel assured him that film would be considered the first "true" sequel. Morgan returned to write after the critical praise for the character Han Lue. Given the apparent death of the character in the third film, the timeline of the franchise was altered to account for his appearance. With the emphasis on car culture toned down, the fourth film, Fast & Furious, was a commercial success. Although critical reception was mixed, it reinvigorated the franchise, as well as the star power of Diesel and Walker.

In 2011, Fast Five was released. While developing the film, Universal completely departed from any street racing elements prevalent in previous films, to transform the franchise into a heist action series involving cars. By doing so, they hoped to attract wider audiences that might otherwise be put off by a heavy emphasis on cars and car culture. Fast Five is considered the transitional film in the series, featuring only one car race and giving more attention to action set pieces such as gun fights, brawls and the heist. Fast Five was initially conceived to conclude the franchise, but following positive reception at test screenings, alongside its eventual strong critical and commercial performance, Universal proceeded to develop a sixth film. Furthermore, the film is noted for the addition of Dwayne Johnson to the cast, whose performance was critically praised.

In late 2011, the Los Angeles Times reported that Universal was approaching the sixth and seventh installment with a single storyline running through both films, with Morgan envisaging themes of freedom and family, but later shifted to account for the studio's wishes to incorporate elements of espionage. Lin revealed that he had, after discussions with Diesel, storyboarded, previsualized and began editing a twelve-minute finale for Fast & Furious 6, before filming was completed on Fast Five. Upon release, the sixth film became the highest-grossing film in the series, grossing $788 million worldwide.

Universal lacked a major event film for 2014 and rushed Furious 7 into pre-production in mid-2013 due to its status as a bankable asset. Lin decided not to return to direct the seventh film, as he was still performing post-production on Fast & Furious 6. James Wan, primarily known for horror films, took over directorial duties. On November 30, 2013, Walker died in a single-vehicle crash, with filming only half-completed. Following Walker's death, filming was delayed for script rewrites, and his brothers, Caleb and Cody, were used as stand-ins to complete his remaining scenes. The script rewrites completed the story arcs of both Walker and Brewster's characters. Visual effects company Weta Digital was hired to re-create Walker's likeness. Ultimately, the film's delays saw it being released in April 2015, where it became the highest-grossing film in the franchise, grossing $1.5 billion. It was also the most critically successful, with praise being aimed at the film's action sequences and its emotional tribute to Walker.

The toll of multiple re-shoots dissuaded Wan from returning to the franchise and Universal hired F. Gary Gray to helm the eighth film, The Fate of the Furious. This film was to begin a new trilogy to conclude the franchise. The film was released in 2017 and received mixed reviews from critics, many of whom praised the performances and action sequences, but criticized the storyline and the long running time. It was an unabashed commercial success, grossing over $1.2 billion worldwide. Universal later announced that final two films will be released in May 2020 and April 2021, with Lin returning to direct. It was announced that Brewster would reprise her role as Mia Toretto, while screenwriter Daniel Casey was hired for the ninth film; F9 is the first film since Tokyo Drift not to be written by Morgan. Pre-production began in February 2019 in London, and filming began in June and concluded in November. John Cena was cast as the film's villain, portraying Jakob Toretto, Dom's brother. Moreover, Sung Kang returned as Han, while the film is the first to star Helen Mirren and saw Lucas Black reprise his role as Sean Boswell from Tokyo Drift. F9 was originally scheduled to be theatrically released on May 22, 2020, but was pushed back a year to April 2, 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was then pushed back to May 28, 2021, and finally released in the United States on June 25. It broke pandemic box office records, grossing $726 million worldwide.Fast X was designed to be the final movie of the franchise which later evolved in becoming a two part finale. Justin Lin was brought back to direct both movies but left the process early on due to on set differences with Vin Diesel. Louis Leterrier was then hired as his replacement to direct the two part finale. At Universal's request, the two part finale was changed to a trilogy.

 Spin-off films
In 2015, Diesel announced that potential spin-offs were in the early stages of development. In 2019, Diesel announced a film that will focus on the women characters from the Fast & Furious and mentioned that there are three spin-off films in development. Nicole Perlman, Lindsey Beer and Geneva Robertson-Dworet will serve as co-screenwriters on the project.

The first spin-off, Fast & Furious Presents: Hobbs & Shaw, was announced in 2018 and starred Johnson and Jason Statham. In late 2017, Variety reported Morgan had written the script, while David Leitch would direct. Originally, the ninth film in the main series was supposed to be released in April 2019, followed by the tenth in April 2021. Instead, Universal opted to proceed with the spin-off, to occupy the 2019 release date. This caused tensions between Johnson, Diesel and Gibson, with Gibson responding through an Instagram post, criticizing Johnson for causing the ninth film to be delayed. Johnson called out his male co-stars after completing The Fate of the Furious in a now deleted Instagram post saying, "My male co-stars however are a different story. Some conduct themselves as stand up men and true professionals, while others don't. The ones that don't are too chicken shit to do anything about it anyway. Candy asses. When you watch this movie next April and it seems like I'm not acting in some of these scenes and my blood is legit boiling—you're right." Johnson later cited scheduling issues as his refusal to participate in F9 and later confirmed he will not be in the final two Fast and Furious movies (Fast X and its sequel) despite Vin Diesel asking him to return in an Instagram post, with Johnson calling Diesel's attempt "manipulative". However, Johnson made a cameo appearance at the end of Fast X which indicated his potential involvement in its sequel.

In October 2018, long-term producer Neal H. Moritz filed a lawsuit against Universal Pictures for breach of oral contract and committing promissory fraud after the distributor removed him as lead producer for Hobbs & Shaw. Furthermore, it was revealed in May 2019 that Universal dropped Moritz from all future Fast & Furious installments. His lawsuit was settled in September 2020, and Moritz would later return to the series with F9.

 Television series

In April 2016, DreamWorks Animation was acquired by NBCUniversal for $3.8 billion, with the acquisition including a first look deal with the company to produce animated projects based on or with films under the Universal Pictures banner. In April 2018, streaming service Netflix green-lit the series Fast & Furious Spy Racers, with Bret Haaland, Diesel, Tim Hedrick and Morgan as executive producers and Hedrick and Haaland as showrunners. The series premiered on December 26, 2019, and ran for six seasons.

 Reception
 Box office performance

 Critical and public response

 Music

 Soundtracks

 Singles

 Other media

 Theme park attractions
After the release of Tokyo Drift in 2006, Universal began introducing theme park attractions. From 2006 to 2013, The Fast and the Furious: Extreme Close-Up attraction was included as part of the Studio Tour at Universal Studios Hollywood. The tour's tram would enter a small arena, which featured a demonstration of prop vehicles being manipulated by articulated robotic arms.

A new attraction, Fast & Furious: Supercharged, opened as part of the Studio Tour at Universal Studios Hollywood in 2015. The tour's tram passes the Dodge Chargers used in the fifth film, as riders are shown a video of Luke Hobbs, who informs them a high-valued witness sought by Owen Shaw is on the tram. The tram enters a warehouse party, where the cast appear via a Pepper's ghost effect, before the party is shut down by the FBI and the tram moves into a motion simulator where a chase sequence ensues, led by Roman Pearce, Letty Ortiz and Dominic Toretto. A similar attraction opened at Universal Studios Florida in 2018. In the queue, guests pass through a garage with memorabilia from the films before getting a video call from Tej Parker and Mia Toretto inviting them to a party. Guests board "party buses", where they get the video message from Hobbs and the ride proceeds as it does in the Hollywood version.

On July 12, 2023, it was announced that a Fast & Furious-themed roller coaster was being built at Universal Studios Hollywood.

 Tour
In 2018, Universal announced Fast & Furious Live, a series of live shows which combine stunt driving, pyrotechnics and projection mapping to recreate scenes from the films and perform other stunts. During production, thousands of stunt performers and drivers auditioned and were required to undergo a four-month training camp if selected. Additionally, parkour athletes and stunts requiring both drivers and parkour practitioners, also featured.

The tour was panned by critics. Ryan Gilbey of The Guardian wrote "large sections of seating were closed off; entire rows in the rest of it were empty" and "the only danger in Fast & Furious Live is the audience might die of carbon monoxide poisoning. Or boredom." Adam White of The Daily Telegraph gave the show a two out of five rating, commenting that "Fast & Furious Live often feels like an elaborate if lethargic playground game, one hinging almost entirely on imagination."

The tour was a financial failure; the show's production company entered administration in summer 2018 and all the cars and equipment was auctioned off in 2019.

 Video games
A video game based on the first movie was planned to be released in November 2003 for the PlayStation 2 and in 2004 for the Xbox, but was cancelled for unknown reasons. It was planned to be developed by Genki and published by Vivendi Universal Games under the Universal Interactive label.

The arcade racing game The Fast and the Furious, loosely based on the first installment, was released in 2004 by Raw Thrills. It was designed by Eugene Jarvis, the creator of the Cruis'n series of games, and shared much of the same gameplay. It was ported to the Wii without the Fast & Furious license as Cruis'n in 2007. Two arcade sequels followed, The Fast and the Furious: Drift in 2007, drawing on elements of the third film, and Fast & Furious: SuperCars in 2010.

A mobile game of the same name was also released in 2004, followed by a sequel, 2 Fast 2 Furious, released in the same year exclusively for mobile phones based on the second film. Several other games have been released for iOS and Android devices, including Fast & Furious, Fast Five, Fast & Furious: Adrenaline, Fast & Furious 6: The Game, Fast & Furious: Legacy and Fast & Furious Takedown.

The game The Fast and the Furious was released in 2006 for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable and drew heavy inspiration from Tokyo Drift. It received mixed reviews and sold moderately.Fast & Furious: Showdown was released in 2013 for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Wii U, and Nintendo 3DS. It marked the second game for consoles, and players controls multiple characters; its narrative was designed around the gap between the fifth and sixth film. It was released to negative reviews and middling financial success.

Various cars, locations and characters from the franchise appeared in the Facebook game Car Town.

In 2015, in a deal with Microsoft Studios, an expansion of Forza Horizon 2 was released for Xbox 360 and Xbox One, titled Forza Horizon 2 Presents: Fast & Furious. It was released to promote Furious 7 and received generally positive reception, although some critics lamented the limited involvement from the titular characters. In 2017, the vehicular soccer game Rocket League released a downloadable content (DLC) pack in promotion for The Fate of the Furious, where players would be able to purchase the Dodge Charger from the film as well as its exclusive wheels and six other new customizations.Fast & Furious Crossroads was announced at The Game Awards 2019. The game was originally scheduled for release in May 2020 but was delayed due to logistical problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It was eventually released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One on August 7, 2020 to largely negative reception.Fast & Furious Spy Racers: Rise of SH1FT3R was released in 2021. The 2023 release Hot Wheels Unleashed 2: Turbocharged features crossover themed vehicles from the franchise.

 Toys
In 2002, RadioShack sold ZipZaps micro radio-controlled car versions of cars from the first film, while diecast metal manufacturer Racing Champions released replicas of cars from the first two installments in different scales from 1/18 to 1/64, in 2004.

AMT Ertl rivaled the cars released by Racing Champions by producing 1/24-scale plastic model kits in 2004, while Johnny Lightning, under the JL Full Throttle Brand, released 1/64 and 1/24 models of the cars from Tokyo Drift. These models were designed by renowned diecast designer Eric Tscherne. In 2011, Universal licensed the company Greenlight to sell model cars from all films in anticipation for Fast Five. Since 2013, Hot Wheels has released 1/64 models of every car from and since the sixth installment.

In 2020, LEGO produced a set in their Technic line of Dom's Dodge Charger. In June 2022, The Lego Group unveiled Dominic Toretto's 1970 Dodge Charger R/T which was released as part of the Lego Speed Champions theme on August 1, 2022. It consists of 345 pieces, and includes a Dominic Toretto minifigure.  On January 1, 2023, the LEGO Group released Brian O'Conner's Nissan Skyline GT-R, also as part of the Speed Champions theme.  It consists of 319 pieces, and includes a Brian O'Conner minifigure.

 Board games
Game Salute released a board game based on the series called Fast & Furious: Full Throttle in 2015. It is a card-based game which uses hand management and grid movement to simulate a street race. Players can choose from 12 of the movie characters and customise their cars to create a game advantage. The board game was launched on Kickstarter in April 2015, and was successfully funded. Another game released in 2015 was Atlas Games' Fast and Fhtangn, a Fast & Furious cross over with Cthulhu theming. The competitive street racing game uses dice rolling and hand management to control players cars.

Funko Games released a board game based on the series called Fast & Furious: Highway Heist in 2021. It is a co-operative game for 2-4 players who choose characters and cars from the films to play through three scenarios - a tank fight, a semi-heist and a helicopter fight.

Beyond specifically themed games, a variety of game re-skins have also been released including titles such as Uno Fast & Furious and Fast & Furious Monopoly.

 Fashion
In November 2022, streetwear retailer Dumbgood collaborated with Fast & Furious on a legacy collection featuring t-shirts, shirts, and track pants containing moments and characters from the films. The collection was positively reviewed by Eric Brian of Hypebeast, who wrote, "Dumbgood's offering is more than just a selection of merch, but is positioned right at the center of car culture and the community around the films".

 Social impact
The series, particularly the first few films, helped popularize the import scene and car tuning. According to the LA Times, there are some Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) officers who blame the Fast & Furious films for popularizing street racing in the city. In August 2022, residents of Los Angeles held a protest against the filming of Fast X, claiming the movies promote illegal street racing.

The franchise has been credited with increasing onscreen diversity, and has had broad appeal across multiple demographics. Furious 7 was one of the few American blockbusters which had a majority non-White viewership: 37 percent of its audience was reportedly Latino; 25 percent White; 24 percent Black; and 10 percent was Asian. In a 2011 article about the series' casting, Wesley Morris wrote:

 See also
 List of highest-grossing film franchises
 Børning, a 2014 Norwegian street racing action comedy film that have taken inspiration from the Fast & Furious films
 Initial D (1995 debut), a Japanese street racing media franchise with similarities to Fast & Furious (particularly Tokyo Drift)
 Thunderbolt (1995 film), a Jackie Chan racing action film with similarities to Fast & Furious Torque'', a 2004 American film with similar thematic elements but involving high speed performance motorcycles.

Notes

References

Works cited

External links

Film series introduced in 2001
Action film franchises
Crime film series
American road movies
Techno-thriller films
Thriller film series
Universal Pictures franchises
2000s road movies
2010s road movies
2020s road movies
Action film series
American auto racing films
American chase films
Films about automobiles
Mass media franchises introduced in 2001
Spy film series
American heist films
Film franchises introduced in 2001
2000s American films
2010s American films
2020s American films
American action thriller films


William Mark Lanier (born October 20, 1960) is an American trial lawyer and founder and CEO of the Lanier Law Firm. He has led a number of high profile product litigation suits resulting in billions of dollars in damages, including Johnson & Johnson baby powder and Merck & Co.'s Vioxx drug.

Legal career
After graduating from Texas Tech University School of Law in 1984, Lanier began his legal career working in Houston for Fulbright & Jaworski (now Norton Rose Fulbright), working in the appellate and trial divisions. In 1990, Lanier founded The Lanier Law Firm.

Lanier represented Rubicon Oil and Gas in 1990 in a breach of contract and fraud lawsuit against Amoco. A Matagorda County, Texas jury found that Amoco had wrongly backed out of a contract to sell Wyoming oil fields to Rubicon. The jury verdict totaled $480 million.

In the 1998 trial of Aaron v. Abex, Lanier was the lead counsel for a group of steelworkers who contracted asbestos disease at an Alabama steel mill. The jury verdict was $115 million.

In 2004 Lanier founded the Christian Trial Lawyers Association.

Vioxx litigation

In 2005, Lanier represented Carol Ernst in a lawsuit against Merck & Co., a pharmaceutical company and manufacturer of Vioxx, an anti-inflammatory drug used to treat osteoarthritis and acute pain conditions. Ernst was married to Robert Ernst, a former marathon runner who died after taking the medication. The case was initially decided in Ernst's favor, with a jury awarding her a $253 million verdict. In another case Lanier obtained consumer fraud findings against Merck who it was claimed had misled doctors and patients by concealing information about Vioxx and its risks. The first ruling was overturned on appeal in 2008 with the court noting Lanier "had not proved that Vioxx caused Mr. Ernst’s death" and compensatory damages were reduced in the second.

In cases about Vioxx, hip replacements and talcum powder he has faced John Beisner as an opponent lawyer.

Artificial hip litigation
Following the 2010 DePuy Hip Recall, Lanier represented plaintiffs in several lawsuits against Johnson & Johnson and DePuy Synthes, which Johnson & Johnson acquired in 1998. The implants were said to cause a build-up of metal ions in the blood, causing groin pain, allergic reactions, bone erosion and tissue death. The verdict included $140 million in total compensatory damages and about $360 million in punitive damages. The jury ruled that the implants were defectively designed and that the companies failed to warn the public about their risks.

In March 2016, five North Texas residents being represented by Lanier were awarded about $500 million for alleged complications arising from the hip implants. The award was later reduced to $151 million at appeal. In November 2016, Lanier won a $1 billion payout to six plaintiffs affected by the implants, followed by a further $247 million to six New York residents.

In the third trial, a Dallas federal jury award $1 billion in December 2016 to six California residents represented by Mark Lanier who claimed defective Pinnacle metal-on-metal hip implants made by Johnson & Johnson were defectively designed and that the companies failed to warn consumers about the risks.
The case at trial was In re: DePuy Orthopaedics Inc. Pinnacle Hip Implant Products Liability Litigation, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas.

In November 2017, a federal jury in Dallas returned a $247 million verdict against Johnson & Johnson in the fourth bellwether trial in multidistrict litigation related to injuries and medical complications caused by the Pinnacle metal-on-metal hip implant. Mark Lanier was trial lawyer for a group of six New York residents whose hips had to be surgically removed. The panel awarded a total of $79 million in actual damages and $168 million in punitive damages against Johnson & Johnson.

In April 2018 a retrial was ordered by the 5th Circuit court of appeals in the case against DePuy Orthopaedics, with the appeal judges accusing Lanier of "inflammatory tactics and outright deception" in the trial. Reuters reported that the ruling had a "truly extraordinary tone" when criticising Lanier's actions at the trial. Lanier had told jurors that in contrast to DePuy’s expert witnesses in the case, his expert witnesses were unpaid when in fact they were compensated $65,000 after the trial. Lanier indicated that he disclosed the post-trial payments to the defendants commenting to Reuters, "this came to light because I told the parties about it...I never hid anything." Lanier also insinuated that DePuy were liable because they had been accused of bribing officials from Saddam Hussein's Iraqi regime and claimed that executives at DePuy were racist. It was the second bellwether trial in multidistrict litigation (MDL) of more than 9,000 similar lawsuits consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas.

The retrial began in January 2019 and in May that year Reuters reported that Johnson & Johnson had reached an agreement to settle 95% of the 6,000 cases for a $1bn.

After a retrial was ordered by  U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals, Johnson & Johnson agreed to a $1 billion settlement to resolve the bulk of the hip implant defect lawsuits in January 2019.

The six consolidated New York lawsuits at the trial were consolidated cases are Alicea v. DePuy Orthopaedics; Barzel v. DePuy; Kirschner v. DePuy; Miura v. DePuy; Stevens v. DePuy; and Stevens v. DePuy, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas.

Johnson & Johnson talc litigation

In 2018, Lanier led the trial team representing 22 women who had filed suit against Johnson & Johnson. The lawsuit alleged that the company's talcum powder products contained asbestos and that, after several years of use, had caused each of the women's ovarian cancer. The trial lasted six weeks and resulted in $550 million in compensatory damages and $4.14 billion in punitive damages being awarded to the plaintiffs.

Johnson & Johnson appealed the jury verdict in June 2020, and the Eastern District Court of Appeals of Missouri upheld $2.11 billion of the $4.69 billion jury verdict. The opinion stated that Johnson & Johnson had been aware of the potential asbestos contamination for several decades. On June 1, 2021, the Supreme Court of the United States denied a request by Johnson & Johnson to overturn the $2.11 billion verdict.

BP energy royalty litigation
Mark Lanier and The Lanier Law Firm represented a class of more than 1,000 Oklahoma natural gas well royalty owners alleging that BP had underpaid royalties by deducting processing costs and post-production midstream services. In October 2018, the reached a $221 million settlement with BP LLC.

Opioids

In late 2019, Lanier represented Summit and Cuyahoga counties in the first trial against pharmaceutical companies for damages caused by the distribution of addictive opioid painkillers. The defendants included distributers McKesson Corporation, Cardinal Health, AmerisourceBergen, Walgreens and Teva Pharmaceuticals. The lawsuit claimed that the drug distributors failed to monitor sales as required by federal law and report suspicious activity, which contributed to opioid addictions. Hours before the start of a trial, three pharmaceutical distributers and a manufacturer reached a settlement $260 million to resolve litigation over damages caused by the opioid epidemic.

Lanier also represented Trumbull and Lake counties against retail pharmacies for excessive distribution of addictive opioid painkillers. The lawsuit alleged that pharmacies operated by CVS Health, Walgreens, and Walmart created a public nuisance through the over-prescription of pain medication in those communities which contributed to hundreds of overdose deaths. The trial lasted six weeks with the jury returning a verdict finding the Ohio pharmacies liable. It was the first trial where pharmacy companies defended themselves amidst the opioid epidemic, and Lanier indicated the counties were seeking $1 billion.

Google Antitrust Litigation
In December 2020, Mark Lanier and The Lanier Law Firm were hired by Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton to represent the state of Texas in antitrust litigation brought against Google parent company, Alphabet Inc. Texas was leading a coalition of state attorneys general in claims that Google's dominant position in digital advertising created an unfair competitive advantage.

EpiPen MDL
Mark Lanier is the lead trial lawyer representing EpiPen buyers accusing Pfizer and Mylan of illegally inflating prices of the EpiPen emergency treatment for allergic reactions. The first trial in multidistrict litigation consolidated in Kansas federal court is scheduled for September 2021.

In January 2021, Mark Lanier was appointed to the plaintiff steering committee for multidistrict litigation. More than 40 lawsuits consolidated in New Jersey federal court charge that Johnson & Johnson's pharmaceutical unit concealed harmful side effects of the Elmiron bladder cyst medication, resulting in serious eye damage.

Remmington Rifle Litigation
Mark Lanier and The Lanier Law Firm represented owners of the Remington Model 700 bolt-action rifle in class action litigation related to design defects that caused the rifle to fire without the trigger being pulled. In July 2018, a federal appeals panel approved a settlement for millions of the rifles to be retrofitted with new trigger mechanisms.

Personal life

Lanier was born in 1960 in Lubbock, Texas to a railroad salesman and housewife. As of 2005, he was married with five children.

His brother-in-law is former Texas state representative Kevin Roberts, who ran against Dan Crenshaw in the 2018 Republican primary to replace retiring Congressman Ted Poe. During the campaign, Lanier funded a super PAC which ran ads against Crenshaw.
Lanier appears as a character with the same name in the 2011 film Puncture.

Bibliography

References

Living people
1960 births
American Christian writers
Lawyers from Dallas


, (Miyako: Sïmuzï) is one of the Miyako Islands, a part of the Ryukyu Islands. The island is administered by Miyakojima, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The island is connected to Irabu Island via .

Shimoji-shima is included within the Irabu Prefectural Natural Park and is the main setting for the anime series Stratos 4.

Shimojishima Airport is located on the island.

Climate

See also
 Irabu Island

References

Miyako Islands
Islands of Okinawa Prefecture


The 1884 Washington Nationals finished with a 47–65 record in the Union Association, finishing in seventh place. This was the only season the team existed, and indeed the only season the Union Association existed.

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

Opening Day lineup

Roster

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs

Pitching

Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

References
 1884 Washington Nationals team page at Baseball Reference

Washington Nationals (UA) season