SourceForge is a brand name that may refer to:
 SourceForge (SF.net), a source code repository and centralized location for software developers to control and manage open source software development
 SourceForge Enterprise Edition (SFEE), the former name of TeamForge, a proprietary collaborative application lifecycle management software forge
 SourceForge, Inc., the former name of Geeknet, which owned SF.net and formerly developed SourceForge Enterprise Edition
 SourceForge.JP, the former name of OSDN, a Japanese site similar to SF.net, and spun off to a separate company in 2007


Djalma Braume Manuel Abel Campos (born 30 May 1987), known simply as Djalma, is an Angolan professional footballer who plays as a forward.

Djalma played most of his career in Portugal, starting with Marítimo where he remained five seasons. In 2011, he signed with Porto, and also spent several years in the Turkish Süper Lig.

An international since 2008, Djalma represented Angola in four Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.

Club career
The son of Abel Campos, a winger who played several seasons in Portugal, including with S.L. Benfica and S.C. Braga, Djalma was born in Luanda and brought up at clubs in the Lisbon Region. In summer 2006 he signed with C.S. Marítimo in the Primeira Liga, his only appearance of the season being on 5 May 2007 in a 0–0 home draw against Académica de Coimbra where he featured 12 minutes.

Djalma became an important first-team member for the Madeirans from 2008–09 onwards – even though he played his last game for the reserves in 2010 – scoring six goals in 28 matches in the 2009–10 campaign and forming an efficient attacking partnership with Senegalese Baba Diawara. On 25 October 2009, he netted twice in a 3–1 home win over F.C. Paços de Ferreira.

On 2 May 2011, Djalma signed a five-year contract with FC Porto. A reserve in his first year, he made 19 competitive appearances as the northerners won the national championship, scoring his only league goal (three in total) in the last round at Rio Ave FC, a 5–2 victory. His maiden appearance in the UEFA Champions League took place on 13 September 2011, when he featured 22 minutes in the 2–1 home defeat of FC Shakhtar Donetsk in the group stage.

From 2012 to 2016, Djalma represented Kasımpaşa SK, Konyaspor and Gençlerbirliği SK, with all the sides competing in the Turkish Süper Lig. On 14 June 2016 he joined PAOK FC in the Super League Greece, on a three-year contract and a €800,000 salary per season. He scored his first goals for his new team on 17 December, a brace in the 5–0 away win against PAE Kerkyra, and added four matches in that season's Greek Cup to help them win the trophy for the fifth time.

On 28 June 2018, after helping PAOK retain their supremacy in the domestic cup while scoring seven goals across all competitions, Djalma returned to the Turkish top division after agreeing to a three-year contract at Alanyaspor for a €1 million fee.

Djalma returned to Portugal subsequently, where he represented top-flight S.C. Farense and second-tier C.D. Trofense.

International career
Djalma received his first call-up to the Angola national team in 2008. Following several successful displays for Marítimo, he was selected for the squads at both the 2010 and the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations.

Djalma scored his first international goal against Malta in October 2009, in a 2–1 friendly win. His second came in a 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Uganda, on 3 June 2012.

International goals
Angola score listed first, score column indicates score after each Djalma goal.

Honours
Porto
Primeira Liga: 2011–12

PAOK
Greek Football Cup: 2016–17, 2017–18

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Angolan men's footballers
Footballers from Luanda
Men's association football forwards
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
C.S. Marítimo players
FC Porto players
S.C. Farense players
C.D. Trofense players
Süper Lig players
Kasımpaşa S.K. footballers
Konyaspor footballers
Gençlerbirliği S.K. footballers
Alanyaspor footballers
Super League Greece players
PAOK FC players
Angola men's international footballers
2010 Africa Cup of Nations players
2012 Africa Cup of Nations players
2013 Africa Cup of Nations players
2019 Africa Cup of Nations players
Angolan expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Angolan expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Angolan expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Angolan expatriate sportspeople in Greece


Talakona is situated in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is a resort with waterfalls, dense forests and wildlife. Talakona waterfall is in Sri Venkateswara National Park, Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh.  With a -fall, Talakona is the highest waterfall in Andhra Pradesh state. Talakona is also known for the Lord Siddheswara Swamy Temple, which is located close to the waterfall.

Location

Talakona is located in Nerabailu village in Yerravaripalem Mandal of Tirupati district. It is located  from Pileru,  from Chittoor,
 from Tirupathi,  from Vellore,  from Chennai,  and  from Chittoor and  from Bangalore.

Talakona is a resort with waterfalls, dense forests and wildlife. The area was declared a biosphere reserve in 1989 due to the presence of rich variety of flora and fauna.

Etymology

Talakona means head hill in Telugu (tala - head and kona - hill). However, Thalakona allegorically means "the head of the Seshachalam hills" as these mountains are believed to be the starting point of the Tirumala mountain ranges.

Flora and fauna
The Talakona forests host rare and endangered species of animals like Slender Loris, Indian Giant Squirrel, Mouse Deer, Golden Gecko, Panther, Porcupine, Chital and Sambar. Endemic species like Red Sander, Cycas beddomeii and Enteda like giant plants are also found in this region. The forest is mostly covered with sandalwood trees with some medicinal plants.

Tourism
 The waters of Talakona are enriched with herbs and people believe that it has healing properties. A long and treacherous trekking route leads to the top of the hill, which can be reached by multiple paths. Talakona hills geographically is considered a part of the Eastern Ghats.

There is a beautiful waterfall falling deep into the valley from a cliff on the upper reaches. According to the local residents, it is said that the origin of water is difficult to be traced out since an underground stream surfaces here.

There used to be a 240 meter long canopy rope walk, about 35 to 40 feet in height . There are number of trek routes in different categories of difficulty, giving an option for the visitor to choose their route.

In the area there is an ancient Siva temple which is flooded with devotees during Sivarathri festival. There are also deep caves scattered over the mountains where it is believed that sages meditate eternally. A stream flows near the canopy walk area where a bathing ghat is under construction.

Accommodation is also available in this dense forest,

History of Talakona Temple
The Temple at Talakona water falls is  a Siva Temple known as "SIDDHESWARA SWAMY TEMPLE". The deity is called as 'Siddheswara'. As per the Local people, the temple was built some 140 years ago.The SIVA LINGA in the temple was  brought from the ruined temple of Rayavaripalli, a village in Pulicherla Mandal, On olden days there was a custom that if any new temple is constructed, instead of making a new Siva Linga, can install old one which lies without Pooja in ruined Temples. Based on this custom the SIVA LINGA was brought from Rayavaripalli ruined temple. The relics of the ruined temple can be seen today also in the agricultural fields of Rayavaripalli. That field is called as " Lingaakaaram kaada kayya", till today, which means a piece of agricultural field near Siva Lingam.

References

Bansc

External links

Tirupati district
Waterfalls of Andhra Pradesh
Eastern Ghats
Hindu temples in Tirupati district
Geography of Tirupati district
Waterfalls of India


Govurqala is a name shared by four archaeological sites in Azerbaijan, located in Agdam.

Govurqala is within the Boyahmadly village and represents a 3rd–10th-century-related town and cemetery with an area of ca. 40 ha. This Govurqala is estimated to be the summer residence of Caucasus Albania rulers and to have the remnants of the medieval town of Aluen. During excavations beads, weaving instruments, stone houses, Pagan and Christian shrines, glass fragrance vessel and other evidences were found. Currency of Byzantine emperor Anastasius I is also among artifacts. Related works were published in 1965 and 1978 in Azerbaijani (R. Vahidov) and Russian (R. Geyushev).

Notes

Archaeological sites in Azerbaijan
Former populated places in the Caucasus


Yrjö Eliel Kolho (née Saxberg, 23 April 1888 – 13 February 1969) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was born in Keuruu and died in Vilppula. He changed his name in 1905.

In 1920 he won the silver medal as member of the Finnish team in the team running deer, single shots event and the bronze medal in the team running deer, double shots competition. In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

 100 metre running deer, single shots - fourth place
 Team 50 metre free pistol - eleventh place

References

External links
profile

1888 births
1969 deaths
People from Keuruu
Finnish male sport shooters
Running target shooters
ISSF pistol shooters
Olympic shooters for Finland
Shooters at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Finland
Olympic bronze medalists for Finland
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Central Finland


Nieng Arp (), with an international title of Lady Vampire and also known as Vampire and  Bodyless, is a 2004 Cambodian horror film. The film is based on Khmer folklore beliefs about Arp or Ap, a mythical popular demon which is found in Southeast Asia. The film is directed by Kam Chanthy, a Cambodian-born director who was trained in Thailand.

Plot
In the middle of a long night, a young woman and her boyfriend are confronted by a group of gangsters on their way home. The girl is violently raped and her lover is killed by gangsters. While unconsciousness she is possessed by an old witch, immediately making her part of the next generation of Ahp ghosts. After becoming an Ahp, she takes vengeance on the gang that raped her.

16 years later, a group of students on a field trip to Battambang arrive at the van and pray to a battabang guardian. Then they see a group of people looking at a corpse. They find a house whose owner is the Ahp ghost. They ask permission to stay there for their field trip and she says yes.

Critical reception
The website The Fright said the film is in the throat-ripping tradition of Mystics in Bali and Demonic Beauty. The review strongly praised the camera work and lighting. They criticized the low quality of special effects, however, as not able to match expectations for special effects in modern film production.

Box office
This film is considered to be the first successful Khmer horror film in recent years, having grossed over $100,000 solely from the six movie theatres in Phnom Penh.

In the DVD version, the film consists of two discs with no special features or scene selection. English subtitles were included on a DVD release for foreign audiences.

Special effects
Special effects are primarily not computer generated. In one scene, a doll's head filled with pig intestines was used to make the Aps head.

Origins
In the Khmer ghost legends Aps were a people who were able to remove their heads at night to fly across the rice fields in search of sustenance, usually blood. Stomach, heart and intestines trail from their  necks.

This nocturnal female ghost with a floating head is part of popular Southeast Asian mythology, namely the folklore of Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia and Thailand. In Laos this ghost is called Pi-Kasu while in Thailand it is known as Krasue and in Malaysia Penanggalan.

References

External links

 Official Website

2004 films
2004 horror films
Khmer-language films
Cambodian horror films
Vampires in film


Quail Island is the name of various locations:

Quail Island (New Zealand), in Canterbury
An islet in Palmyra Atoll, US Minor Outlying Islands
Quail Island (Victoria), Australia
Quail Island (Northern Territory), Australia
Quail Island, Cape Verde, near Praia, the capital of Cape Verde


Castle Roads is the primary channel by which vessels enter Castle Harbour, Bermuda, from the Atlantic Ocean. Although little used, today, except by pleasure boats, Castle Harbour was once an important anchorage, and an access route used by ships to reach the still important St. George's Harbour. The infilling of waterways between St. David's Island and Long Bird Island in the 1940s, as well as the Causeway joining the contiguous landmass so created (which the causeway predates) means only small boats can pass between the two Harbours, today. It was once common to use the term roads in reference to a waterway. Other examples include Hampton Roads, in Virginia, and Lahaina Roads, in Hawaii.

There is a string of islands and rocks across the South mouth of Castle Harbour, and Castle Roads is the largest channel through these, and the only one suitable as a channel for larger vessels. Historically, Castle Roads was defended by four 17th-century forts, King's Castle, Devonshire Redoubt, Charles Fort, and Southampton Fort. These were most of the forts arrayed across the islands of Castle Harbour (though not all on Castle Island, Bermuda, known collectively as the Castle Islands Fortifications. Together with St. George's Town, on neighbouring St. George's Harbour, and other nearby 17th-century fortifications, the Castle Islands fortifications are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

References

External links
 Aerial view of the Castle Islands.

 UK Overseas Territories Conservation Forum

Castle Roads
St. George's Parish, Bermuda
Roadsteads


After a year of absence, the twenty-fourth edition of Baseball's Caribbean Series (12th edition of the second stage) finally took place in 1982. It was held from February 4 through February 9 with the champions teams from Dominican Republic, Leones del Escogido; Mexico, Naranjeros de Hermosillo; Puerto Rico, Leones de Ponce and Venezuela, Leones del Caracas. The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice. The games were played at Héctor Espino Stadium in Hermosillo, Mexico, which boosted capacity to 16.000 seats.

Summary
The Venezuelan team, with Alfonso (Chico) Carrasquel at the helm, won the championship title with a 5–1 record. The Leones del Caracas were led by catcher and Series MVP Baudilio (Bo) Díaz (.412 BA, two home runs, five RBI, .500 OBP, .765 SLG), center fielder Tony Armas (.375, six RBI) and LF Luis Salazar (six runs, four stolen bases). Their best pitcher was Luis Leal, who posted a 2–0 record with a 2.08 ERA and 10 strikeouts in 13.0 innings of work. Behind him were Bud Black (1-0, 1.29), Dennis Burtt (1-0, one save, seven SO in 10⅔ innings) and Tom Dixon (nine scoreless innings in Game 7). Venezuela also featured infielders Andrés Galarraga (1B),  Danny Garcia (1B), Steve Sax (2B), Ron Gardenhire (SS) and Leonardo Hernández (3B), as well as pitchers Joe Cowley and Luis Peñalver, among others.

Puerto Rico was managed by Ed Nottle and ended second with a 3–3 mark. Ponce had no undefeated starters other than Edwin Núñez, who handed the Venezuelans only defeat, pitching a six-hit, one run complete game. Willie Hernández (1-1) and John Butcher (1-1) collected the other two wins. Other roster members included 2B Dickie Thon and outfielders Chili Davis, José Cruz and Candy Maldonado.

The highly favored Leones del Escogido, who won their second consecutive Dominican League title (eight since 1951), posted a disappointing record of 2-4--good enough to tie Mexico in third place. Despite Felipe Alou's best efforts at managing them, the Dominicans suffered both offensively and defensively, committing 12 costly errors and being outscored by their opponents 20-14. The pitching staff, led by Pascual Pérez (1-1),  Elías Sosa (1-0) and Rick Mahler (0-1), collected a solid 3.24 ERA. In contrast, position players such as Tony Peña, Clint Hurdle, Alfredo Griffin, Julio Franco and Carmen Castillo combined for a .223 average with just two home runs.

Hermosillo was managed by Tom Harmon. The two Mexican victories came at the expense of Puerto Rico, 14–0 and 1–0, behind strong pitching efforts by rookie Fernando Valenzuela and veteran Manuel Ibarra with the help of a bullpen headed by Marty Decker. Notable Mexican legends such as slugger Héctor Espino, SS Mario Mendoza, P Vicente Romo and C Alex Treviño joined the team. Also in the roster were LF Dan Gladden, RF Jerry Hairston, Sr., 3B Junior Moore and 2B Wayne Tolleson.

Final standings

Scoreboards

Game 1, February 4

Game 2, February 4

Game 3, February 5

Game 4, February 5

Game 5, February 6

Game 6, February 6

Game 7, February 7

Game 8, February 7

Game 9, February 8

Game 10, February 8

Game 11, February 9

Game 12, February 9

See also
Ballplayers who have played in the Series

Sources
Antero Núñez, José. Series del Caribe. Jefferson, Caracas, Venezuela: Impresos Urbina, C.A., 1987.
Gutiérrez, Daniel. Enciclopedia del Béisbol en Venezuela – 1895–2006 . Caracas, Venezuela: Impresión Arte, C.A., 2007.

External links
Official site
Latino Baseball
Series del Caribe, Las (Spanish)

Caribbean Series
Caribbean Series
International baseball competitions hosted by Mexico
1982 in Mexican sports
Sport in Hermosillo
1982 in Caribbean sport
Caribbean Series
Baseball in Sonora


Evandro Silva do Nascimento, known as Evandro Paulista (born 26 September 1987), is a Brazilian footballer who play as a forward. Who currently plays for Thai League 1 side Trat.

Club career

FC Seoul
On 4 January 2018, Evandro joined the K League 1 side FC Seoul.

On 19 February 2019, Officially Evandro's contract with FC Seoul was terminated by mutual consent.

References

External links

Profile at FC Gifu
 2007–08 Profile at Portuguesde Liga

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Guarulhos
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Sociedade Esportiva do Gama players
União São João Esporte Clube players
C.F. Os Belenenses players
Primeira Liga players
J2 League players
K League 1 players
China League One players
Oita Trinita players
FC Gifu players
Daegu FC players
FC Seoul players
Sichuan Longfor F.C. players
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Japan
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Japan
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in South Korea
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in South Korea
Expatriate men's footballers in China
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in China


"Heart Like a Wheel" is a song by the British synth-pop group The Human League. It was the first single to be taken from the Human League's Romantic? album of 1990, and was written by former band member Jo Callis with Eugene Reynolds (of The Rezillos) and features vocals by Philip Oakey, Joanne Catherall and Susan Ann Sulley; with synthesizer by Neil Sutton. Recorded at Genetic Sound Studios during 1990, it was produced by Martin Rushent who was reconciled with the band after a seven-year gap.

Released in the UK in August 1990, "Heart Like a Wheel" reached number 29 in the UK, number 32 in the US, and number 64 in Australia.

Music video

The official music video for the song was directed by Andy Morahan.

Track listing

CD 1 1990, Virgin (VSCDT 1262)
"Heart Like a Wheel" – 4:30
"Heart Like a Wheel" (Extended Mix) – 6:55
"Rebound" – 3:58
"Heart Like a Wheel" (Remix) – 4:37

CD 2 1990, Virgin (VSCDX 1262)
"Heart Like a Wheel" – 4:30
"Heart Like a Wheel" (Extended Mix) – 6:55
"Rebound" – 3:58
"A Doorway" (Dub Mix) – 4:29

Charts

References

External links
 http://www.the-black-hit-of-space.dk/heart_like_a_wheel.htm
 http://www.league-online.com/hlaw1.html

1990 songs
1990 singles
The Human League songs
Music videos directed by Andy Morahan
Song recordings produced by Martin Rushent
Songs written by Jo Callis
Virgin Records singles


Peter Robert Law (born 1943) is a British actor and educator. He is the father of artist Natasha Law and actor Jude Law.

Law was born Peter Robert Tagg, the son of Emily Florence Ethel Tagg, a domestic servant, and Eric Phillip Law, an accountant.

References

1943 births
Living people
British educators
British male actors
Place of birth missing (living people)
Date of birth missing (living people)


The Sporting Challenger is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Circolo della Stampa in Turin, Italy, since 2002.

Past finals

Singles

Doubles

External links
Official website
ITF search

ATP Challenger Tour
Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments
Clay court tennis tournaments
Sport in Turin
Tennis tournaments in Italy


Global Leadership Adventures (GLA) offers high school study abroad programs where students engage in service-learning in Belize, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador (Galápagos Islands), Fiji, France (Guadeloupe), Ghana, Guatemala, Haiti, India, Indonesia (Bali), Morocco, Peru, South Africa, Tanzania, and Thailand. In 2019, the company also launched Europe Discovery programs in the UK, France, Greece, Spain, and other countries throughout the European continent.

Global Leadership Adventures was founded by Fred Swaniker as a precursor to the African Leadership Academy, based in Johannesburg, South Africa but became a separate entity in 2004. The organization headquarters is currently based in San Diego, United States. GLA is a division of Terra Education, which is a certified benefit corporation (B-Corp). Other companies with Terra Education include Summer Springboard and Discover Corps.

In 2005 and again in 2008, GLA hosted Archbishop Desmond Tutu in South Africa to speak about the legacy of Apartheid. In 2007, GLA students met with Costa Rican president and Nobel Peace Prize Winner Oscar Arias to discuss the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) which was to be voted upon in a national referendum in Costa Rica.

GLA has been featured by a number of publications, including the New York Times, The Boston Globe, Teen Vogue, and The Huffington Post. GLA has a growing alumni base, with student alumni hailing from over 50 countries.

References

External links
Global Leadership Adventures website
Mentioned in the New York Times
Mentioned in The Boston Globe

Study abroad programs


Toivo Robert Tikkanen (15 April 1888 – 1 June 1947) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Rome, Italy and died in Helsinki. 1908-1911 Tikkanen played icehockey in  Akademischer Sport Club Dresden team in Germany.

1920 Antwerp

In 1920 he won the silver medal as member of the Finnish team in the team running deer, single shots event and the bronze medal in the team running deer, double shots competition.

In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

 100 metre running deer, single shots - fifth place
 Team 50 metre free pistol - eleventh place

1924 Paris

Four years later he won the bronze medal with the Finnish team in the team clay pigeons competition.

He also participated in the following events:

 Team 100 metre running deer, double shots - fourth place
 Team 100 metre running deer, single shots - fifth place
 100 metre running deer, double shots - sixth place
 100 metre running deer, single shots - 15th place
 individual trap - result unknown

References

External links

External links
Suomen Jääkiekkoliitto - history

1888 births
1947 deaths
Finnish male sport shooters
Running target shooters
Trap and double trap shooters
ISSF pistol shooters
Olympic shooters for Finland
Shooters at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Finland
Olympic bronze medalists for Finland
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics


The Garsevanishvili family (), also known as Gersevanov (), is a Georgian noble Baronial family (aznauri) active in both Georgia and Russia.

History
The family came to prominence in the early 18th century at the court of the Georgian king Vakhtang VI of Kartli. A family legend traces their origin to Greek choristers who accompanied the Byzantine princess Helena Argyre into Georgia upon her marriage to King Bagrat IV in the 11th century.  Members of the family were privileged to serve as archpriests at the Georgian court and as hereditary keepers of the Okona Icon of the Mother of God. Garsevanishvili family was included in the list of nobles of Georgia in 1860 in the so-called "Barkhatnaia Kniga" published in Saint Petersburg.

They followed Vakhtang VI in his Russian exile in 1724 and entered the Russian service, adopting the surname of Gersevanov (Garsevanov). They were granted estates in the governorates of Poltava, Kharkov and Yekaterinoslav. Those who remained in Georgia were reconfirmed among the nobility by a charter of King Erekle II in 1788.

The notable members of the family were also Mikhail Nikolayevich Gersevanov (1830–1907), an engineer who supervised numerous road-building projects in the Caucasus; and his son Nikolay (1879–1950), also an engineer specializing in ground mechanics.

References

Noble families of Georgia (country)
Russian noble families
Georgian-language surnames


Carmel () is an Israeli settlement organized as a moshav in the south-east Mount Hebron (Har Hevron in Hebrew) area of the West Bank, close to the Palestinian Bedouin from the village of Umm al-Kheir, who settled there several decades ago after Israel expelled them from the Arad desert, and who purchased the land from residents in the Palestinian village of Yatta. According to David Shulman, Carmel lies on lands appropriated from the Bedouin of that village. It falls under the jurisdiction of the Har Hevron Regional Council and associates ideologically with the Amana settlement movement. In  it had a population of .

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Etymology
The name Carmel was chosen due to the moshav's close proximity to the location of biblical Carmel (). Carmel is mentioned in  as a place where Nabal of Maon had property.

History
Initially founded in 1980, next to the land on which the Hadaleen Bedouin tribe live, as a Nahal military-establishment through a "military seizure order", the settlement was "civilianized" in 1981.

Reuta Beth midrash was established in 2001 which is also a hesder yeshiva.

According to Nicholas Kristof of The New York Times, writing in an editorial in 2014 on what he called the "morally repugnant" nature of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank, contrasted the settlement of Carmel with the Palestinian village of Umm al-Kheir, writing that while the Palestinians are barred from connecting their home to the electric grid and live in tents and huts as the Israeli army demolishes any permanent structure they erect, Carmel is "a lovely green oasis that looks like an American suburb. It has lush gardens, kids riding bikes and air-conditioned homes. It also has a gleaming, electrified poultry barn that it runs as a business." Kristof quotes an Israeli human rights activist remarking on how the chickens in the poultry barn have more access to electricity than the Palestinian residents of Umm al-Kheir.

Haaretz noted about this in 2011: "Right next to the stately country homes - complete with air-conditioning, drip-irrigation gardens and goldfish ponds - a few extended families including old men, old women and infants live in dwellings made of tin, cloth and plastic siding, though there are a few cinder-block structures, too. They tread on broken, barren ground. They have no running water. They are not connected to the power grid that lights up every settlement and outpost in this remote region. They have no access road."

References

Populated places established in 1981
1981 establishments in the Israeli Military Governorate
Israeli settlements in the West Bank


Earth Revealed: Introductory Geology, originally titled Earth Revealed, is a 26-part video instructional series covering the processes and properties of the physical Earth, with particular attention given to the scientific theories underlying geological principles. The telecourse was produced by Intelecom and the Southern California Consortium, was funded by the Annenberg/CPB Project, and first aired on PBS in 1992 with the title Earth Revealed. All 26 episodes are hosted by Dr. James L. Sadd, professor of environmental science at Occidental College in Los Angeles, California.

Some footage used in Earth Revealed previously had been seen in the 1986 PBS series Planet Earth.

Episodes

Module I: Introduction (February 17–24, 1992)
1. "Down to Earth" – Beginning by comparing surface conditions on the planets Venus and Mars with the living landscapes of the Earth to highlight how unique the Earth is, the episode describes the goal of the study of geology and introduces major topics the series addresses, including the Earth's heat engines, plate tectonics, volcanism, earthquakes and seismology, erosion, and natural resources such as groundwater.
2. "The Restless Planet" – The episode discusses the development of astronomical theory, including the geocentrist views of astronomers in ancient Greece and the discoveries of Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton. It also describes the formation of the Solar System and the physical evolution of the Earth over time, including its internal structure – through the process of planetary differentiation – and development and retention of an internal heat engine, its atmosphere, its hydrosphere, and the appearance of life.

Module II: Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Model (March 2, 1992-April 13, 1992)
3. "Earth's Interior" – The episode introduces geophysics, discussing how geophysicists study what lies beneath Earth's surface, using studies of seismic waves, variations in temperature, magnetic fields, gravity, and computer simulations to create models of structures deep in the earth. The episode also discusses paleomagnetism and the phenomenon of magnetic field reversals.
4. "The Sea Floor" – The episode explains how geologists study the sea bottom, using research submersibles and indirect methods, getting glimpses of volcanic activity; underwater formations such as the continental shelf, continental rise, slopes, canyons, abyssal plains, and mid-ocean ridges; and life forms that thrive at extreme depths in a world of intense pressure and total darkness. The episode examines subduction, seafloor spreading, hydrothermal vents, and the metallic resources found on the ocean bottom.
5. "The Birth of a Theory" – The episode examines the theory of plate tectonics and its development from its beginnings in the work of Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century through its maturation and acceptance in the 1960s. Topics covered include the prehistoric supercontinent Pangaea, continental drift, seafloor spreading, subduction trenches, paleomagnetism and magnetic field reversals, transform faults, and mantle convection.
6. "Plate Dynamics" – The episode examines the movement and interaction of tectonic plates and discusses the many geologic formations and phenomena that result from it, including faults, rift valleys, convergent plate boundaries, divergent plate boundaries, volcanism, subduction, and hotspots. It also discusses the lithosphere and asthenosphere and how they interact, mantle plumes, and the debate among geologists over what drives the motion of plates.
7. "Mountain Building and the Growth of Continents" – The episode discusses the process of orogeny (mountain building) and the role plate tectonics play in it, cratons and their formation, the growth of continents through accretion, the erosion of mountains, isostasy, how different types of rock form in the course of orogeny, and how rock types change over time through the rock cycle.
8. "Earth's Structures" – The episode explores rock layers, outcrops and geologic cross-sections, sedimentation and sedimentary layering, the principle of original horizontality, major structures of rocks – including fractures, joints, faults, folds, anticlines, synclines, and uncomformities – and the methods used to study them. It also examines tectonic force and the different types of stress involved in the formation of geologic structures and the deformation of rocks. Finally, it describes how geologic structures can trap petroleum, natural gas, and water and the resulting importance of the study of geologic structures in economic geology.
9. "Earthquakes" – The episode discusses the forces that create earthquakes, explaining faults, seismic waves, the transfer of energy from an earthquake's epicenter, the method of determining an epicenter's exact location, how seismic waves affect different buildings differently, and the histories of the seismograph and Richter scale. It also describes devices under development in 1992 to study earthquakes with an eventual goal of predicting them.

Module III: Geologic Time and Life (April 20–27, 1992)
10. "Geologic Time" – The episode describes the immensity of geologic time, the timeline of major geologic events in the Earth's history, the relationship between the geologic timeline and the history of life on Earth, and the use of fossils, radiocarbon dating, and uranium in radiometric dating to determine the age of rocks, fossils, and the Earth itself. The episode highlights the contributions of James Hutton and Ernest Rutherford and discusses unconformities, uniformitarianism, the law of superposition, the principle of original horizontality, cross-cutting relationships, relative age dating, and paleontology.
11. "Evolution Through Time" – The episode focuses on how the fossil record reveals the diversity and development of life on Earth, examining the traces left by single-celled prokaryotes and eukaryotes, early plants, animals,  and the progression of life forms over time through the "Cambrian explosion" and the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras, as well as the fossils found at the La Brea Tar Pits; and the theory of evolution. The episode discusses the connections between life on Earth and atmospheric gases, climate change, and the formation of rocks, as well as biological functions, mass extinctions, and the effects humans have had on the biosphere.

Module IV: The Rock Cycle (May 4, 1992-June 15, 1992)
12. "Minerals: The Materials of Earth" – The episode examines the variety of minerals, their atomic and crystalline structures, and their physical properties such as color, hardness, luster, cleavage, and streak. It also describes how petrologists section rocks and discusses hydrothermal solutions, the precipitation of metallic minerals, gems, precious metals, the formation and excavation of ores, and the value of silicates.
13. "Volcanism" – The episode describes volcanic processes, how tectonic plate boundaries are related to volcanism, and how volcanoes provide geologists with clues as to what is happening within the Earth. It also surveys the various types of volcanic eruptions, craters, cones, and vents, lava domes, magma, rift zones, volcanic rock, the relationship of volcanoes to ore deposits and geothermal energy, and the clues that volcanologists use to predict eruptions.
14. "Intrusive Igneous Rocks' – The episode examines the process in which magma seeps into crevices in existing rock and cools to form dikes of intrusive igneous rock without ever extruding onto the Earth's surface and how plate tectonics play a role in the process. It also discusses the formation and types of magma, xenoliths, batholiths, igneous differentiation, and how an understanding of igneous rock helps geologists understand the Earth's history. Geologists explain the types and textures of intrusive igneous rocks such as granite, obsidian, and quartz.
15. "Weathering and Soils" – This episode shows how weather, climate, chemicals, temperature, and type of substrate play a role in rock erosion and the formation of soil. It discusses mechanical and chemical weathering of rocks, rock exfoliation and fracturing, the acidification of rainwater and formation of acid rain, soil horizons, the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, the effect of irrigation on soils, windbreaks, and the importance of soil as a natural resource. It also shows how a soil conservation plan is developed and put into action at a farm in California's Mojave Desert.
16. "Mass Wasting" – The episode explains the phenomenon of mass wasting — the downslope movement of earth under the influence of gravity. It discusses various factors involved in mass wasting, including the rock's effective strength and pore spaces, and different types of mass wasting such as creep, slump, and landslides, as well as rockslides, debris flows, and mudflows. It explains the influence of slope angle, water and rain, and human activities such as the construction of buildings and roads, on mass wasting. It also explains how engineering geologists assess slope stability.
17. "Sedimentary Rocks: The Key to Past Environments" – The episode describes how exposed layers of sedimentary rock allow scientists to discern the Earth's geologic past, the movement of sediment and its deposition and how energy affects both transportation and deposition of sediments, how weathering and erosion influence the composition of sediments, sorting, sedimentary beds and cross-bedding, and the production of sedimentary rocks through the processes of lithification, compaction, and cementation. It also discusses organic components and the economic importance of sedimentary rocks.
18. "Metamorphic Rocks" – The episode describes how the weight of a mountain creates enough pressure to recrystallize rock, thus creating metamorphic rocks. It outlines the recrystallization process and the types of rock it can create, including claystone, slate, schist, and garnet-bearing gneiss, and it explains the relationship of metamorphic rock to plate tectonics. It also discusses protoliths, foliation, migmatites, contact metamorphism, and regional metamorphism.

Module V: Carving the Landscape (June 22, 1992-July 27, 1992)
19. "Running Water: Erosion and Deposition" – The episode discusses how rivers play a vital role in the sculpting of land. It shows landscapes formed by rivers, the various types of rivers, the basic parts of a river, and how the characteristics of rivers — their slope, channel, and discharge — erode and build the surrounding terrain. The episode also covers river bars, meanders, cut banks, aspects of flooding including floodplains, and the evolution of rivers.
20. "Running Water: Landscape Evolution" – The episode explains how rivers carve such features in the landscape as canyons, discussing erosion and deposition processes as they relate to river characteristics and type of rock. It also discusses base levels, peneplains, stream terraces, incised meanders, river deltas, stream rejuvenation, the evolution of rivers, and efforts to prevent consequences of river flow that are harmful to humans, such as flood control efforts on the Mississippi River.
21. "Groundwater" – The episode focuses on how most fresh water comes from underground, making groundwater an important natural resource. It discusses aquifers and aquicludes; rock porosity and permeability; effluence; artesian wells; the water table; the formation of caves, stalactites, and stalagmites; sinkholes; ways in which groundwater can become contaminated; how groundwater is recharged naturally; and the role of hydrogeology in groundwater management.
22. "Wind, Dust and Deserts" – The episode shows how deserts are defined by infrequent precipitation, where most deserts are located, and how desertification relates to proximity to the equator, proximity to mountains, and ultimately plate tectonics. It describes alluvial fans, interior drainage patterns of deserts, desert pavement, and desert varnish; examines how wind transports sand and creates dunes, dry lakes, blowouts, and oases; and addresses efforts to reduce desertification.
23. "Glaciers" – The episode discusses how glaciers shape the landscape, explaining the formation, structure, and movement of glaciers and how they gouge and accumulate earth and rocks. It also describes basal slip, the snow line, glacial striations, till, glacial landforms such as moraines, and how the study of glaciers may help us understand ice ages and the greenhouse effect.
24. "Waves, Beaches and Coasts" – The episode discusses the dynamic interaction of rocky landmasses and the energy of the ocean, describing the types, parts, sources of energy, movement, and impact on the shore of waves. It also covers shoreline characteristics, refraction, currents, sea barriers, tides, tsunamis, how dams affect beach erosion, how the greenhouse effect could affect sea level and coastal lands, and the role of geologists in protecting the coastline.

Module VI: Living With Earth (August 3–10, 1992)
25. "Living With Earth: The Loma Prieta Earthquake" – The episode uses the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in California as the starting point for a discussion of how humans are learning to cope with earthquakes, methods of studying earthquakes, and how various groups and agencies are studying the San Andreas Fault and the damage caused along its path during the Loma Prieta earthquake to better understand how earthquakes affect the land, buildings, and people. It also discusses aftershocks, liquefaction, scientific concerns about the Hayward Fault, the cause of most human casualties during earthquakes, and what can be done to limit casualties and property damage in the event of an earthquake.
26. "Living With Earth: Preserving the Legacy" – The episode discusses the impact on the Earth of the Industrial Revolution, as well as where petroleum comes from, how it is discovered and extracted, and how it is converted into energy, and the effects on the Earth of oil drilling and the burning of fossil fuels. It also examines the potential of alternative energy sources, including the pros and cons of, and problems related to, the exploitation of geothermal energy.

References

External links

 Excerpt from Earth Revealed episode "Living With Earth: Preserving the Legacy" on YouTube

Television series by the Annenberg Foundation
PBS original programming
Science education television series
1992 American television series debuts
1992 American television series endings
1990s American documentary television series


The legume lectins (or L-type lectins) are a family of sugar-binding proteins or lectins found in the seeds and, in smaller amounts, in the roots, stems, leaves and bark of plants of the family Fabaceae. The exact function of the legume lectins in vivo is unknown but they are probably involved in the defense of plants against predators. Related proteins in other plant families and in animals have also been found. They have been used for decades as a model system for the study of protein-carbohydrate interactions, because they show a wide variety of binding specificities and are easy to obtain, purify, and characterize the structure of. Well-studied members of this protein family include phytohemagglutinin, soybean agglutinins, and concanavalin A.

Sugar binding by legume lectins

The legume lectins use an ingenious framework for binding specific sugars. This framework consists of a conserved monosaccharide binding site in which four conserved residues from four separate regions in the protein confer affinity (see figure), a variable loop that confers monosaccharide
specificity and a number of subsites around the monosaccharide binding site that harbour additional sugar residues or hydrophobic groups.

Quaternary structure

The legume lectins are also interesting from the point of view of protein structure. Despite the conserved structure of the legume lectin subunit, they can adopt a wide range of quaternary structures.
The reason behind this remarkable variability is probably to be found in the interaction with multivalent ligands.

References

Plant proteins
Lectins


Department of Business Development and Technology (or BTECH for short) is a university department centre for research and higher education under Aarhus University, located in Herning, Denmark. BTECH's focus is on education excellence and offers six undergraduate and two graduate study programmes as well as a number of part-time studies all within the fields of engineering, business economics, management and communication and multimedia.

The department has seen some heavy administrational re-organisations in the last decade or so.

Organisation, research and study programmes
Department of Business Development and Technology is a department under Aarhus BSS, itself one of four academic departments of Aarhus University. Since 2012, BTECH has also been affiliated with AU Engineering, an organisation at Aarhus University focussing on engineering.

Apart from the educational activities, BTECH is home to a number of externally funded knowledge and research centres, including one Nordic Centre of Excellence. Research is anchored with four professorships and includes innovation and business development, entrepreneurship, energy technologies, IT development, climate adaptation and the wind energy industry.

BTECH has about 1,800 students (about sixty percent are full-time students and the rest are part-time students). Approximately 15% come from other countries than Denmark. Around 125 full-time employees, including technical and administrative personnel. Additionally, BTECH employs 100 part-time teachers.

BTECH’s study programmes are based on interaction across professional boundaries as well as close interaction with students and the surrounding business community. However, BTECH is also developing distance- and e-learning to provide educational opportunities in evolving markets. Furthermore, all study programmes have an innovative and international perspective. For example, approximately 40% of the students spend at least six months of their studies at a foreign engineering college, university or company.

Degree courses at BTECH
The following Bachelor and Master courses are offered in 2014:

 Bachelor of Science in Economics and Business Administration (HA int.)- taught in Danish
 Bachelor of Science in Economics and Business Administration (HA) - taught in English
 Bachelor of Engineering in Business Development - taught in Danish
 Bachelor of Engineering in Global Management and Manufacturing (GMM) - taught in English
 Bachelor of Engineering in Electronic Engineering (EDE) - taught in Danish
 Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical Energy Technology  - taught in Danish
 Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering - taught in Danish
 Bachelor of Science in Business Development Engineering (BDE)- taught in Danish
 Master of Science in Marketing and Business Innovation (cand.merc) - taught in English
 Master of Science in Engineering in Technology Based Business Development (cand.polyt) - taught in English

History
BTECH was founded in 1995 as a merger between Engineering School Vestjysk Teknikum and the Business School Midtjysk Handelshøjskolecenter under the name Handels- og IngeniørHøjskolen (HIH), in English - Herning Institute of Business Administration and Technology (HIBAT).

A new residence, designed by famous Danish architect Henning Larsen, was erected at Birk Centerpark 15 in Herning.

When, by January 1, 2006, HIBAT merged with Aarhus University, the name was changed to Aarhus Universitet, Handels- og IngeniørHøjskolen (AU-HIH) (in English: Aarhus University, Institute of Business and Technology (AU-IBT)).

June 1, 2011, AU-IBT was changed - this time to AU Herning - a centre of the Faculty of Business and Social Sciences (Aarhus BSS) at Aarhus University.

In January 2012 the engineering organisation of AU Engineering at Aarhus University also became involved with the engineering educations in Herning and AU Herning changed name to Department of Business Development and Technology (BTECH).

References

External links

 Aarhus University website
 Aarhus University, Business and Social Sciences website
 AU Engineering

Aarhus University
AU Engineering
Herning


The Heinkel HD 42 50, later designated the Heinkel He 42 was a German two-seat biplane seaplane originally designed for the Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule, and later built for the German Luftwaffe. The aircraft was used until the end of World War II as a trainer for maritime pilots.

Design and development
In 1929, Heinkel developed a biplane, the HD 42, for use with the covert military-training organization Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule (DVS). Its fuselage was constructed out of a welded steel tube truss and had a rectangular cross-section with a rounded top. The engine covers were made out of light-weight metal, while the rest of the fuselage was covered in fabric. The aircraft was equipped with floats.

The HD 42 model received good feedback from the Swedish Navy, who had purchased the aircraft, as well as from the famous pilot Gunther Plüschow (who was the first airman to fly over the Patagonian mountains of Chile and Argentina at Tierra del Fuego). The prototype was equipped with a BMW Va engine, but the later versions came with a Junkers L5G engine.

Ten aircraft had been manufactured by 1932, when a new version, the He 42C was rolled out. Series production began with the He 42D model (14 manufactured) which were intended for the German Air Force, which at the time was illegal. A further 189 He 42Es were built in 1934 and these aircraft were used by various flying schools until the end of World War II

Variants
HD 42Prototype aircraft
He 42C
He 42DFirst series produced model, 14 built
He 42ESecond series produced model, 189 built

Operators

Bulgarian Air Force

Luftwaffe

Swedish Air Force

Royal Romanian Naval Aviation

Specifications (He 42C-2)

See also

References

1930s German military trainer aircraft
Biplanes
He 042
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1929


Paulista is a municipality in Pernambuco, Brazil.

Paulista(s) may also refer to:

Related to São Paulo, Brazil
 Paulistas, inhabitants of the state of São Paulo, Brazil
 Paulista (São Paulo Metro), a railway station
 Paulista Avenue, a street in the city of São Paulo
 Paulista Futebol Clube, a football club from Jundiaí, São Paulo
 Campeonato Paulista, a professional football league in the state of São Paulo

Other places in Brazil
 Paulista, Paraíba, a municipality
 Paulistas, Minas Gerais, a municipality
 Paulista River, a river of Bahia

Brazilian association football players
 Paulista (footballer, born 1979), Creedence Clearwater Couto, striker
 Paulista (footballer, born 1988), Fábio Francisco Barros da Trindade, striker
 Daniel Paulista (born 1982), Daniel Pollo Baroni, manager and former defensive midfielder
 Evandro Paulista (born 1987), Evandro Silva do Nascimento, forward
 Gabriel Paulista (born 1990), Gabriel Armando de Abreu, centre-back
 Juninho Paulista (born 1973), Osvaldo Giroldo Júnior, attacking midfielder
 Marcelinho Paulista (born 1973), Marcelo José de Souza, midfielder

See also


The Sachsenliga, formerly referred to as Landesliga Sachsen, is the sixth tier of the German football league system and the highest league in the German state of Saxony (German: Sachsen). Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fifth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fourth tier.

Overview
The Landesliga Sachsen was established in 1990 from twelve clubs as the highest league for the German state of Saxony, which was established after the league in October 1990, and the Saxon Football Association, SFV (German:Sächsischer Fußball Verband). It compromised the area of the three Bezirksligen of Chemnitz, Dresden and Leipzig. Each of those three leagues contributed four clubs to the new league. The Sachsenliga was established within the East German football league system and incorporated in the league system of the united Germany at the end of its first season, in 1991.

The league has been a feeder league, together with the Thüringenliga and Verbandsliga Sachsen-Anhalt, to the NOFV-Oberliga Süd, which its champion is directly promoted to. As such, it was the fourth tier of the German league system.

After the first season, the number of clubs in the league was increased to fourteen; in 1996 the league was again enlarged, to sixteen.

In 1994, with the establishment of the Regionalliga Nordost as the new third tier of the league system, the Sachsenliga fell to tier five in the system but remained unchanged otherwise.

In 2008, the league was again demoted one level when the 3. Liga was established. However, this changed nothing in the league's status as a feeder league to the NOFV-Oberliga.

The league is sponsored by door and window maker WEKU and carries therefore the official name of WEKU Sachsenliga. This is an unusual fact in Germany as football leagues don't normally carry sponsorship names.

The league had, in the 2007–08 season, the unique distinction of having a former UEFA Cup Winners' Cup finalist in its ranks, the re-formed 1. FC Lok Leipzig, loser of the 1987 final.

The Landesligen of Thuringia and Saxony are unique in their naming as every other league in Germany of this standing carries the name Verbandsliga. This was done so simply by choice of the local football associations (German: Fußballverband) in Saxony and Thuringia and the name could be changed to Verbandsliga if they wish to do so.

Due to the changes to the German league system, the runner-up in 2007–08, Lok Leipzig was also promoted after winning a play-off round with the runner-up from the Verbandsliga Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, FC Schönberg 95.

League champions
The league champions:

Founding members of the league
The league was established from twelve clubs from three leagues in 1990. Most of the East German clubs changed their names in the years after the reunion, some reverted to their old ones after a brief period, current names, when different from the one in 1990, are listed. The clubs are:

From the Bezirksliga Chemnitz:
VFC Plauen
SpVgg Zschopau, now BSG Motor Zschopau again
Rot-Weiß Werdau
SV Tanne Thalheim

From the Bezirksliga Dresden:
Fortschritt Neustadt, now SSV Neustadt-Hohwald
FV Gröditz
Wismut Pirna-Copitz, now VfL Pirna-Copitz
VfB Zittau

From the Bezirksliga Leipzig:
SSV Markranstädt
Motor Grimma, later SV 1919 Grimma, now FC Grimma
SV Motor Altenburg (now playing in the Thüringen league system)
1. FSV Wurzen, now ATSV Frisch-Auf Wurzen

References

Sources
 Deutschlands Fußball in Zahlen,  An annual publication with tables and results from the Bundesliga to Verbandsliga/Landesliga. DSFS.
 Kicker Almanach,  The yearbook on German football from Bundesliga to Oberliga, since 1937. Kicker Sports Magazine.
 Die Deutsche Liga-Chronik 1945-2005  History of German football from 1945 to 2005 in tables. DSFS. 2006.

External links
 Das deutsche Fussball Archiv  Historic German league tables
 The North East German Football Association (NOFV)
 The Sachsen Football Association

Sac
Football competitions in Saxony
1990 establishments in East Germany
Sports leagues established in 1990


The Jamaica Independence Festival is a celebration of Jamaica's independence, a status gained in 1962.

History
The festival was initiated in 1962 by then Minister of Community Development (and later Prime Minister) Edward Seaga, to showcase literary, fine, and performing artists,  and to celebrate "things Jamaican". The festival was considered integral to national development as a way of giving Jamaicans a sense of who they are, and what their history and culture is all about. The festival was scheduled for the first Monday in August, to coincide with the holiday to celebrate both independence and emancipation. The festival includes agricultural exhibitions, and street parades, climaxing in a grand gala at Kingston's National Stadium. Supporting events take place all over the island. A formal organizing group, the Jamaica Festival Commission was established by an act of parliament in 1968, which became the Jamaica Cultural Development Commission (JCDC) by another parliamentary act in 1980. Today, the administrative structure includes a large volunteer-base with a JCDC officer appointed to oversee activities in each parish. The festival now includes the Miss Jamaica Festival Queen Contest, a national Mento band competition, and a gospel song competition.

One of the highlights of the festival is the Popular Song Competition (before 1990 known as the Independence Festival Song Competition), which first took place in 1966, and has been won by artists such as The Maytals, Desmond Dekker, Freddie McKay, and Eric Donaldson.

Popular Song Competition
The Popular Song Competition has taken place since 1966, with the winners as follows:
1966 - The Maytals with "Bam Bam"
1967 - The Jamaicans with "Ba Ba Boom"
1968 - Desmond Dekker & The Aces with "Music Like Dirt (Intensified '68)"
1969 - The Maytals with "Sweet and Dandy"
1970 - Hopeton Lewis with "Boom Shacka Lacka"
1971 - Eric Donaldson with "Cherry Oh Baby"
1972 - Toots & the Maytals with "Pomps and Pride"
1973 - Morvin Brooks with "Jump In The Line"
1974 - Tinga Stewart with "Play de Music"
1975 - Roman Stewart with "Hooray Festival"
1976 - Freddie McKay with "Dance This Ya Festival"
1977 - Eric Donaldson with "Sweet Jamaica"
1978 - Eric Donaldson with "Land of my Birth"
1979 - The Astronauts with "Born Jamaican"
1980 - Stanley & The Turbines with "Come Sing With Me"
1981 - Tinga Stewart with "Nuh Wey Nuh Betta Dan Yard"
1982 - The Astronauts with "Mek Wi Jam"
1983 - Ras Karbi with "Jamaica I'll Never Leave You"
1984 - Eric Donaldson with "Proud to be Jamaican"
1985 - Roy Rayon with "Love Fever"
1986 - Stanley & The Turbines with "Dem a fe Squirm"
1987 - Roy Rayon with "Give Thanks and Praise"
1988 - Singer Jay with "Jamaica Land We Love"
1989 - Michael Forbes with "Stop and Go"
1990 - Robbie Forbes with "Island Festival"
1991 - Roy Rayon with "Come Rock"
1992 - Heather Grant with "Mek wi Put Things Right"
1993 - Eric Donaldson with "Big It Up"
1994 - Stanley & The Astronauts with "Dem a Pollute"
1995 - Eric Donaldson with "Join de Line"
1996 - Zac Henrry & Donald White with "Meck We Go Spree"
1997 - Eric Donaldson with "Peace and Love"
1998 - Neville Martin with "Jamaica Whoa"
1999 - Cheryl Clarke with "Born Inna JA"
2000 - Stanley Beckford with "Fi Wi Island A Boom"
2001 - Roy Richards with "Lift Up Jamaica"
2002 - Devon Black with "Progress"
2003 - Stefan Penincilin with "Jamaican Tour Guide"
2004 - Stefan Penincilin with "Ole Time Jamaica"
2005 - Khalil N Pure with "Poverty"
2006 - Omar Reid with "Remember the Days"
2007 - Neville 'Gunty' Winters with "Woman A Di Beauty"
2008 - Roy Rayon with "Rise and Shine"
2009 - Winston Hussey with "Take Back Jamaica"
2010 - Kharuso with "My Jamaica"
2011 - Everton David Pessoa with "Oh if We"
2012 - Abbygaye Dallas with "Real Born Jamaican"
2013 - The competition was not held in 2013
2014 - Rushane Sanderson with "I Love JA"
2015 - Lee-Roy Johnson with "Celebration"
2016 - Oneil Scott with "No Weh Like Jamaica"
2017 - The competition was not held in 2017
2018 - Oneil 'Nazzle Man' Scott with "Jamaica A Wi Home"
2019 - Raldene Dyer with "Loaded Eagle"
2020 - Buju Banton with "I am a Jamaican"
2021 - Stacious with "Jamaican Spirit"
2022 - Sacaj with "Nuh Weh Nice Like Yard"

In 2004, in a move to widen the genre of entries submitted, the JCDC announced a $1 million grand prize to be shared among songwriter, singer and producer of the winning entry. By 2010 the prize had risen to a million dollars and a car.

In 2008, the JCDC announced that the Jamaican Festival Song Competition title would return, running in parallel with the Popular Song Competition, hoping that the previous title would re-create feelings of celebration among Jamaicans at Independence time.

References

Cultural festivals in Jamaica
1962 establishments in Jamaica
Festivals established in 1962
Rock festivals in Jamaica
Reggae festivals in Jamaica
Folk festivals in Jamaica
Summer events in Jamaica


Jacqueline Netter-Minne-Guerroudj (27 April 1919 – 18 January 2015) was a Frenchwoman condemned to death as an accomplice of
Fernand Iveton during the Algerian War. She was never executed, partly due to a campaign on her behalf conducted by Simone de Beauvoir.

She was born to a well-off bourgeois family of Alsatian Jews in Rouen in 1919. She arrived in Algeria in 1948 as the wife of Pierre Minne, a professor of philosophy. She remarried in 1950 to Abdelkader Guerroudj (nicknamed "Djilali"), an activist in the FLN. On 4 December 1957 Guerroudj's daughter by her first marriage, Danièle Minne, was sentenced to 7 years in prison by a tribunal for juveniles. Guerroudj died on 18 January 2015 in Algiers, Algeria.

Published works

References

1919 births
2015 deaths
People from Rouen
People of the Algerian War
Women in war in France
Women in war 1945–1999
20th-century French women politicians


Embreville (; Picard: Imbreuville ) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Geography
Embreville is situated  southwest of Abbeville on the D190, a couple of miles from the river Somme.

Population

See also
Communes of the Somme department

References

Communes of Somme (department)


Henri Charles Louis Romagnesi (7 February 1912 – 18 January 1999) was a French mycologist who was notable for a thorough review and monograph of the agaric genus Entoloma (or Rhodophyllus as it was known in the early 20th century), as well as extensive work on the large genus Russula, of which he described several new species.

See also
List of mycologists

References

1912 births
1999 deaths
French mycologists
Russula
20th-century French botanists


Cheng Tin Hung or Zheng Tianxiong (1930–2005) was an influential tai chi master and the founder of "Wudang tai chi". He was based in Hong Kong, China, and sometimes attracted controversy for his attitude and approach to the teaching and practice of his martial art. Also known as the "Tai Chi Bodyguard" for his enthusiastic defence of tai chi as a martial art, he took part in full contact competitions as a young man and also trained some of his students to do the same during the 1960s, '70s and '80s.

Though closely associated with the Wu school of tai chi, he founded a separate organisation called the Hong Kong Tai Chi Association (香港太極總會) which is now run by his wife Chan Lai Ping (陳麗平).

Cheng Tin Hung produced a series of books and VCDs on the subject of tai chi and was also involved in the production of the 1974 Hong Kong movie called The Shadow Boxer (Shaw Brothers). He appears in the opening scenes and some of his techniques were also used within the fight scenes of the movie proper.

During the 1980s, Cheng Tin Hung travelled to the UK to promote tai chi with three of his students, Ian Cameron, Tong Chi Kin and Dan Docherty, who also produced a joint publication with him called Wutan Tai Chi Chuan.

During the 1990s Cheng Tin Hung's tai chi career slowly drew to a close with the onset of diabetes and its debilitating effects. Chen died in 2005.

Some career highlights of note

1950: Established the Cheng Tin Hung Tai Chi Academy in Hong Kong
1957: Won the Hong Kong Macau Taiwan boxing competition held in Taiwan
1972: Established the Hong Kong Tai Chi Association
1975: In conjunction with the Hong Kong government, established Taijiquan classes throughout Hong Kong
1980s: started construction of Tai Chi Heights, part retirement home and part Taijiquan resource centre in his hometown in Guangdong, China.

Tai chi lineage tree with Wu-style focus

Notes

References
Profile reference in Chinese
Profile reference in English

1930 births
2005 deaths
Chinese tai chi practitioners
Hong Kong martial artists


Francesco Mander (26 October 1915, Rome – 2 September 2004, Latisana) was an Italian conductor and composer.

Biography
Francesco Mander was the only son of Pietro Mander, a film producer and owner of Mander Film, and Lucia Mercadante. From his father he inherited his love for literature; from his mother he gained a passion for music. His mother was a descendant of noted Italian opera composer Saverio Mercadante (1795-1870). From an early age his parents took him to concerts in Rome's famed concert hall, the Augusteo.

After the family moved to Milan, Mander continued his piano study and also took up the cello. His teacher was Enzo Martinenghi, the solo cellist of the Teatro alla Scala orchestra, then under the baton of Arturo Toscanini.

Back in Rome, he went to university (literature) and studied composition with Alfredo Casella and Cesare Dobici, obtaining his degree in composition at the Santa Cecilia Conservatory in Rome (1939) in only four years instead of the usual ten years required.

He studied conducting with Antonio Guarnieri in Siena, a city where not many years later he would teach himself, having amongst his pupils musicians like Zubin Mehta.

Career

Mander conducted his first important concert at the Teatro della Fenice in Venice in 1942, after a period of apprenticeship at the same theatre. It was the beginning of a long career, which placed him in front of many of the most important orchestras worldwide.

In 1948 he was appointed principal conductor of the Orquesta Sinfònica de Madrid, taking it on extended tours through Spain and Portugal, conducting concerts in all the most important cities.

Between 1948 and 1951 he frequently served as visiting conductor with the Dublin-based Radio Éireann Symphony Orchestra and by 1955 he had become a well-known and appreciated guest in many countries: "Exceptional" is the comment of composer and critic Richard de Guide. The same adjective was used by many others in cities such as London:"A formidable conductor". Or:"Mr Mander proved himself a master of his players....He achieved a remarkable dramatic response from the LPO... A first rate musician. All in all, his Beethoven "V" Symphony was an exceptional performance. And Paris: Avec Mander l'O.N. brille dès les premières notes.
With the same enthusiasm he was acclaimed in Milan, Moscow, Budapest, Sydney, Copenhagen, Amsterdam, Chicago, New York, Johannesburg, Buenos Aires, St Petersburg, and others.

In 1957 he toured the United States and Canada for three months conducting the Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentina of Florence. That same year he also led the USSR State Orchestra in Moscow.

From 1969 until 1976 he was chief conductor of the National Symphony Orchestra of the South African Broadcasting Corporation in Johannesburg, as well as maintaining a demanding schedule of guest conducting in various countries.

Back in Europe, Mander and his wife retired to Latisana in the Friuli region, in northern Italy, the region of his ancestors (the name Mander goes back to 1378 in the R.K. Church archives of a tiny village, Solimbergo, north of Latisana). From Friuli he continued to serve in guest conductor opportunities, albeit in a more relaxed way.

During this period he also  increased his writing output. During the 1960x he had published articles in several magazines, such as "The importance of music in Dante's Divina Commedia", published in Elsinore, April 1964, Elsinore Editrice. His literary output consists of three novels and numerous short stories. Two of them, titled "Due racconti" have been published by Editrice.i.l.a. Palma, (Palermo, Italy and São Paulo, Brazil) in the "Meridiana" series.

Compositions
"Elegy for pianoforte" (1936)
"Five pieces for pianoforte" (1936)
"Romance for violin and pianoforte" (1937)
"Racconto fiabesco – allegoria sinfonica" (1938)
"Inno per banda" (1939)
"Three Romances op 1. n. 1 for piano" (1940)
"Romance op. 1. n. 2 for violin and piano" (1940)
"Racconto Fiabesco op. 2 for orchestra" (1940)
"The Final Voyage of Ulysses op. 3 for orchestra" (1942)
"Prelude, Aria and Finale op. 4 for orchestra" (1943)
"Largo op. 5 for orchestra" (1944)
"Ouverture ("Diastaltica") op. 6 for orchestra" (1944)
"String quartet in D op. 7" (1945)
"Study op. 8 n.1 for piano" (1946)
"Berceuse op. 8 n. 2 for piano" (1946)
"Three Waltzes op. 8 n. 3 for piano" (1946)
"Cello concerto op. 9" (1947), published by Casa Ricordi
"Symphonic Variations on an Original Theme op. 10 for orchestra" (1948)
"L'Usignolo, la Rosa e lo Scarabeo op. 11 for orchestra" (1949)
"Walzer dell'eco for piano" (1950)
"Symphony n. 1 in F mayor op. 12 (1951)", published by Ricordi
"Tre Canti d'Amore op 13 for soprano and orchestra" (1952)
"Fantasia op. 14 for orchestra" (1952)
"Oratorio Europeo op. 15 for soloists, choir and orchestra" (1954)
"Corale Profano op. 16, n. 1 for choir and orchestra" (1954)
"Sera op. 16, n. 2 for piano" (1955)
"Giovanna la Pazza op. 17. n. 1 Ouverture for orchestra" (1955)
"Study for grand organ op. 17, n. 2" (1957)
"Berceuse for chamber orchestra" (Latisana, 1994).

Film
Francesco Mander composed and/or conducted various soundtracks for films produced by his father:
La conquista dell'aria (1939)  Music by Antonio Veretti, conducted by Francesco Mander;
Piccolo alpino (1940)  Music by Umberto Galassi and Armando Renzi, conducted by Francesco Mander;
Pia de' Tolomei (1941)  Music composed and conducted by Francesco Mander. (The text of the songs "Maggiolata", "Introduzione", "Morte di Pia" is by Francesco Mander)'
Penne nere (1952)  Music by Francesco Mander, conducted by Franco Ferrara;
A Tale of Five Cities (it. Passaporto per l'oriente) (1951) Music by Francesco Mander, Joe Hajos, and Hans May;
Mata Hari's Daughter (1954)  Francesco Mander, conductor.

Recordings
Mander has recorded for RCA and Fonit - Angelicum. For Idéal Audience, in the video series Classic Archive, he recorded: video/DVD Tschaikovsky violin concerto, Orchestre National de France de l'ORTF, soloist Ivry Gitlis. For EMI, he recorded: DVD Tschaikovsly violin concerto. Soloist Ivry Gitlis

Honors
Named Member of the Tiber Academy (l'Accademia Tiberina) (1965)
Named Fellow of the San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts (la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando) in Madrid (1971)
Named Commander of The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

References

External links

Italian male conductors (music)
1915 births
2004 deaths
Composers from Rome
Italian composers
Italian male composers
Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia alumni
20th-century Italian conductors (music)
20th-century Italian male musicians


Tartu JK Tammeka U21 is the reserve team of JK Tammeka Tartu, an Estonian football club. They last played  in the Esiliiga, the second level of the Estonian football league pyramid. The team was dissolved for 2014 season because of financial trouble of Tammeka, but reformed later.

History

References

External links
 Official website
 Tartu JK Tammeka U21 at Estonian Football Association
Tartu JK Tammeka II (2007–2013) at Estonian Football Association

Tammeka Tartu II
Tammeka II Tartu
2006 establishments in Estonia
Association football clubs established in 2006


The New Exploits of Elaine is a 1915 American action film serial directed by Louis J. Gasnier, Leopold Wharton and Theodore Wharton. It is presumed to be lost.

Cast
 Pearl White as Elaine Dodge
 Creighton Hale as Walter Jameson
 Arnold Daly as Detective Craig Kennedy
 Edwin Arden as Wu Fang. Wu Fang appeared in several Pearl White serials. The name was based on a Chinese diplomat. Wu Ting Fang was a Chinese diplomat in Washington and wrote America, through the spectacles of an Oriental diplomat (excerpted in The New York Times, March 22, 1914). This was published less than a year before Arthur B. Reeve created the villain character.
 M.W. Rale as Long Sin. Long Sin, the Yellow Peril character from the first serial, became just an agent of Wu Fang in this serial.
 Bessie Wharton as Aunt Josephine
 Gazelle Marche as Innocent Inez
 Ah Ling Foo as a Chinese Heavy

Chapter titles
 The Serpent Sign
 The Cryptic Ring
 The Watching Eye
 The Vengeance of Wu Fang
 The Saving Circles
 Spontaneous Combustion
 The Ear In The Wall
 The Opium Smugglers
 The Tell-Tale Heart
 Shadows of War

See also
List of lost films
List of partially lost films

References

External links

1915 films
1915 lost films
1910s action films
American action films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Leopold Wharton
Films directed by Louis J. Gasnier
Films directed by Theodore Wharton
Lost American action films
Silent American action films
Pathé Exchange film serials
1910s American films


Michael Moorcock's Multiverse is an American twelve-issue comic book limited series published in 1997 as a part of the short-lived DC Comics imprint Helix. It was later collected as a single edition graphic novel. Written by Michael Moorcock, each monthly issue contained a chapter from three separate storylines featuring distinct groups of characters lifted from Moorcock's sprawling Eternal Champion novels.

A different artist illustrated each story; Walter Simonson for Moonbeams and Roses, Mark Reeve for The Metatemporal Detective and John Ridgway for Duke Elric. Whilst each story depicted an independent series of events set across different locations and time-lines, by the conclusion of the title the three plot threads had converged in a logical manner centred on their mutual search for the Silverskin, an enigmatic underworld crime figure and recurring protagonist from Moorcock's novels.

Despite a positive reception in comparison with other Helix titles, critics remarked that the title was not the best introduction to Moorcock's work.

Synopsis of plot lines
Each of the three tales is set within a distinct aspect of the multiverse that Moorcock has built up over four decades in his novels and short stories about the Eternal Champion:

{{bquote|...the Multiverse isn't a globe. Time isn't cyclic. There is no real linearity. The Multiverse is a tree root and branch, a living organism. A creature. Like me.  Forever adapting and changing. Like us, made up of spheres,  but it's not itself spherical. We've evolved beyond the merely spheroid, I hope......}}

The first tale, I:  Moonbeams and Roses, is set in the Terminal Cafe, in present-day Biloxi, Mississippi where Jack Karaquazian indulges in meta-universal games of chance with an assortment of leading characters from the Moorcock novels, together with Moorcock himself, and later, artist Walter Simonson. Somewhat impenetrable, the story tracks the adventures of Rose, who originally appeared in the novel The Revenge of the Rose (1991) and Sam Oakenhurst, hero of Blood (1995) and subsequent novels  as their progress towards Silverskin is manipulated at each turn by the unseen players of the Game.

II: The Metatemporal Detective is set in the inter-war period and follows Sir Seaton Begg and his off-sider Dr Taffy Sinclair from the eponymous novel sleuthing an array of crimes Sherlock Holmes-style, including the murder of Adolf Hitler's incestuous girlfriend and niece.

The final tale III: Duke Elric features the popular albino emperor Elric of Melniboné displaced from his fantastical world and transported to the Europe and the Middle East of 1000 AD. Here he pursues a quest to uncover certain artifacts which will allow him freedom to confront King Silverskin and to return to his home world.

The three plot-lines converge in a single narrative in the final issue of the title, The Harmonies of Chaos (drawn by Walter Simonson) as Elric confronts the Silverskin and its connection to Moorcock's multiverse is revealed.

Collected editions
 Michael Moorcock's Multiverse'' (by Michael Moorcock, DC Comics, 1999, 288 pages, )

References

External links

1997 comics debuts
Comics based on fiction
DC Comics limited series
Fantasy books by series
Helix (comics) titles
Novels by Michael Moorcock
Comics about parallel universes
Science fiction comics


Kumakwane is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. It is located 25 km west of the capital of Botswana, Gaborone. The population was 9,595 in 2011 census.

References

Kweneng District
Villages in Botswana


Dil kam No Dil (Armenian language: Դիլ կամ Նո Դիլ) is the Armenian version of the television gameshow Deal or No Deal. It premiered in November 2006, produced by Armenia TV.

The set is identical to the US version and contestants can win as small as AMD 1 (about US$0.0021) and as big as AMD 100,000,000 (about US$210,000).

Case values

External links
Official Site

Deal or No Deal
2005 Armenian television series debuts
2005 Armenian television series endings
Armenia TV original programming


Rolando may refer to:

Entertainment
Rolando, a 2008 puzzle-adventure video game
Rolando 2: Quest for the Golden Orchid, a 2009 puzzle-adventure video game
"Rolando", a song by Roland Kirk from the album Domino

People
Rolando (given name), a Spanish, Portuguese and Italian given name
Rolando (footballer) (born 1985), Rolando Jorge Pires da Fonseca
Gloria Rolando (born 1953), Cuban filmmaker and screenwriter
Luigi Rolando (1773–1831), Italian anatomist

Places
Rolando, San Diego, US

See also
Central sulcus, originally called the "fissure of Rolando" or the "Rolandic fissure"
Roland (disambiguation)
Ronaldo (disambiguation)

it:Rolando
sl:Rolando


See also Djamila Bouhired
Danièle Minne (13 August 1939 at Neuilly-sur-Seine – February 2017) was one of the few European women convicted of assisting the FLN during the Algerian War. Her mother Jacqueline Netter-Minne-Guerroudj and her stepfather Abdelkader Guerroudj, were both condemned to death as accomplices of Fernand Iveton, the only European who was guillotined for his part in the Algerian revolt. Her mother was never executed, partly due to a campaign on her behalf conducted by Simone de Beauvoir; her stepfather was also freed.

Danièle Minne joined the struggle when she was 17, going underground under the nom de guerre of Djamila. Minne was considered a woman combatant in the Algerian War known as a fidayat. She "planted at least two bombs during the Battle of Algeris, and joined the maquis in wilaya 3 in 1957". A historian, Alistair Horne, described one of Minne's missions:   "The targets were the Otomatic, a favourite students's bar on the Rue Michelet; the Cafeteria opposite (second time over) and the Coq-Hardi, a popular brasserie…placed in the ladies' lavatory, Daniéle Minne's bomb in the Otomatic seriously injured a young girl and several others".Arrested and jailed in December 1956, she was sentenced, on 4 December 1957, to 7 years in prison by a juvenile tribunal.

Freed after independence in 1962, she wrote a PhD dissertation on the participation of Algerian women in the war, based on interviews with eighty-eight women between 1978 and 1986; the dissertation was later published as a book, Des femmes dans la guerre d’Algérie (Karthala, Paris). The book was the basis for the film Algeria: Women at War by Parminder Vir.

Danièle Minne became Djamila Amrane by marriage in 1964. She later worked at the University of Algiers but, by 1999, was a professor of history and feminist studies at the University of Toulouse.

Des femmes dans la guerre d'Algérie
Amrane's Des femmes dans la guerre d'Algérie, "remains the major historical study on women's participation in the Algerian War" and identifies not only why women were involved in the war, but the various roles of women combatants and their contributions to the FLN. Her research is based mainly on interviews with former FLN women activists and consists of "eighty-eight interviews with Algerian women combatants". As a militant herself, Minne "was in a privileged position to conduct person interviews that probe the intimate experiences of militant women". However, it is also clear that as a former militant her work has been "influenced by her reconstruction and understanding of her own role during the war".

Minne limits herself as a historian by making it clear through her cited testimony that women had indeed been tortured but chose to leave much unsaid in this regard. The rationale behind this was, "given the trauma inflicted upon torture victims, she did not feel that she could interview her subjects about their ordeal. In her view, their silence proved their wish to forget a traumatic episode". In this sense, Minne's Des femmes dans la guerra d'Algérie "breaks the silence surrounding women's participation in the war, yet contributes to the silence concerning torture and its psychological consequences" that would last for decades after Algeria's independence. It would not be until a decade later that the memoir of Louisette Ighilariz would come to light, thus revealing in more detail the nature of torture during the Algerian War.

Amrane also completed important research on the estimate of women who had participated in the Algerian War by using the register of the Ministry of Mujahidin. She concluded that "there were 10,949 FLN-ALN female activists; 3.10 percent of the total number of FLN-ALN members".

The Otomatic attack (January 26, 1957)
Danièle Minne took part in the student strike in 1956 and joined the rebellion of Algerian nationalists under the name of Djamila. Member of the "bomb network" of the FLN during the Battle of Algiers, she was part of the group of young women bombers in public places of Algiers, in particular cafes frequented by young people, causing the death of several people.

University and poetry
After Algeria’s independence Danièle Minne opted for Algerian and deviant nationality Djamila Amrane since her marriage in 1964. She studied at Algerian University. After earning a doctorate (1988), she became, in 1999, a professor of history and feminine studies at the University of Toulouse. Other poems, except for several works written, were funded by 88 entries made between 1978 and 1986, on the participation of Algerian women in the "liberation war".

Works
Women and Politics in Algeria from the War of Independence to Our Day Research in African Literatures 30.3 (1999) 62-77

References

1939 births
2017 deaths
People from Neuilly-sur-Seine
French feminists
French women activists
French activists
Members of the National Liberation Front (Algeria)
People of the Algerian War
Academic staff of the University of Algiers
Women in war 1945–1999
20th-century French women
21st-century Algerian people
French emigrants to Algeria
Prisoners and detainees of France


Metsimotlhabe is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. The village is located 20 km north-west of Gaborone, along the Gaborone–Molepolole road. The population was 8,884 in 2011 census.

The village is the home of LenMed Health Bokamoso Private Hospital, founded in 2010 and formerly known as  Bokamoso hospital.

References

Kweneng District
Villages in Botswana


The Junkers Ju 46 was a German shipborne catapult-launched seaplane derivative of the W 34, constructed for pre-war Luft Hansas mail service over the Atlantic Ocean. The first production models were delivered in 1932 and replaced the Heinkel He 58, which, along with the He 12, had pioneered these ship-to-shore mail delivery flights.

Design and development
The Ju 46 was a strengthened version of the Junkers W 34, modified for catapult launches. It was externally almost identical to the W 34 apart from a revised vertical tail. Compared to the W 34, this carried a broader-chord rudder with a more rounded trailing edge and a noticeably squared-off top. This revision improved control of the aircraft during the low-speed launch. The ship to shore aircraft were all seaplanes (floatplanes), though some Ju 46 were used with a fixed wheeled undercarriage and tail-skid at times in their careers. The aircraft was equipped with a 441 kW (591 hp) BMW-C radial engine. A total of five aircraft were supplied, according to rebuilt civil registers, though other sources claim four. They were later equipped with more powerful BMW-E engines.

Operational history
The aircraft was used in the postal link service across the Atlantic Ocean and were based on board the NDL-liners  and . Each aircraft was associated with its ship and bore its name. The first Bremen and Europa were both Ju 46fi seaplane variants and went into use in 1932. Two (or three) more, Ju 46hi variants, joined them in mid-1933, one having started life as a landplane.

Both ships had been fitted with compressed air-driven catapults for this purpose. These catapults accelerated the 3,200 kg (7,050 lb) aircraft to a speed of 110 km/h (70 mph) at a distance of just 20 m (65 ft). The launch of these aircraft, painted bright red for easy spotting by rescue planes in case of emergency landings at sea, was always a special experience for the passengers. The launch at a distance of about 1,200 km (750 mi) from the destination allowed to land the mail some 24 hours ahead of the mother ship's docking. On Westbound crossings, they flew to New York; Eastbound to Southampton, where they refuelled and went on to Bremen. These activities were limited by weather to the summer months, beginning in April 1932.

After the end of their Luft Hansa service two of the Ju 46s flew with the Brazilian airline Syndicato Condor.

Operators

Syndicato Condor - Serviços Aéreos Condor

Luft Hansa in cooperation with shipping line Norddeutscher Lloyd

Specifications (Ju-46hi)

References

1930s German mailplanes
Ju 046
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1932


Sarsanda is a village in the Aantroli Kalan Gram Panchayat of the Degana Tehsil of the Nagaur District of the Rajasthan State of India.  It is 117 km driving distance from Nagaur, at .

Community
Sarsanda has a total population of 1,316 or 1,322, of which 49.2% are male and 50.8% are female.

References

Villages in Nagaur district


Mmopane is a village in the Kweneng District of Botswana. The village is located around 15 km from Gaborone, the capital of Botswana. The population was 3,512 in 2001 census and 14,655 at the 2011 census. It's now part of Gaborone agglomeration home to 421,907 inhabitants at the 2011 census.

References

Kweneng District
Villages in Botswana


Count Sam Dracula, commonly known as Grandpa, is a fictional character from the American sitcom The Munsters, originally played by Al Lewis. He is an undead vampire and the doting, irritable, and sarcastic father of Lily Munster.  The role was later played by Howard Morton in the 1980s television series The Munsters Today.

Character background
The character's full name is given as "Sam Dracula, Count of Transylvania". A running gag in both the original series and follow up The Munsters Today is his extreme age—his car, the DRAG-U-LA, bearing his gravestone, reads "born 1367–?". Grandpa talks of having personally known various figures throughout history, including Nero, King Arthur, Richard the Lionheart and Jack the Ripper. Grandpa declares his age as 378 years in the episode "Grandpa's Lost Wife", placing his date of birth around 1588. In The Munsters Today episode "Its My Party and I'll Die if I Want To", Grandpa celebrates his 402nd birthday. The family uses a time machine and brings back significant people from his life, including his friend Genghis Khan, brother Yorga (played by Sandy Baron who played Grandpa in the 1995 TV movie The Munsters' Scary Little Christmas), a former girlfriend "Shirley Zlebnik", and his overbearing mother (played by actress Ruth Buzzi).

In the episode "Munster Masquerade", Grandpa describes having been married "167 times", and although his wives are "all dead", he still keeps "in touch with them". Grandpa's last wife, Katja, who is also Lily's mother, makes an emotional appearance in The Munsters Today in the 1990 episode "Once in a Blue Moon". She also appears in a photograph in the original series which was taken during Herman and Lily's wedding.

Grandpa's identity as Count Dracula is alluded to in both the original series and The Munsters Today. In the 1965 episode "The Musician", Mr. Gateman refers to him as "Count Dracula" when he comes to dinner. In "The Fregosi Emerald", Grandpa refers to himself as Count Dracula to an operator in Transylvania. He is also referred to as "The Count" various times in The Munsters Today, most notably in the season one episode "Farewell Grandpa", when the family find out he isn't an American citizen, with the threat of being deported back to Transylvania by the U.S. government. In the episode "Happy 100th Anniversary", Lily notes her maiden name is Dracula. Throughout The Munsters Today, Grandpa is referred to as "Vladimir Dracula".

Description
Grandpa keeps a laboratory in the cellar of the house, and often refers to "going down to the lab." The potions and magic spells he devises there are central to many of the show's stories. Many of his inventions are less than successful, but he never stops thinking up new ones.

Grandpa can transform himself into a wolf or a bat, as per Bram Stoker's Dracula. In "Herman's Sorority Caper" and Munster, Go Home! it is revealed that he takes special pills to turn himself into these creatures. In later episodes, however, and in all episodes of The Munsters Today he changes to and from a bat simply at will.

Grandpa has an extremely sarcastic personality, and often insults his son-in-law, Herman. Despite this, Grandpa and Herman are quite close; in one episode, Lily says that if not for Herman, Grandpa would be "living in a cave picking fleas out of his wings". Many episodes of The Munsters revolve around the zany schemes Grandpa and Herman concoct, which either end successfully or result in Lily scolding the two for their failure.

While Grandpa is generally considered the wisest member of the family, he also has a decidedly stubborn streak. If he feels he isn't getting his due respect, he will let everyone know it, and often sulk or go to extreme lengths to demonstrate his offense at a perceived slight. While generally a successful mad scientist and magician, his experiments tend to be comically absurd, in keeping with the genre.

Grandpa is depicted as a goofish yet loveable mad scientist. He has a pet bat named Igor who "hangs around" in Grandpa's lab. And much like a bat, Grandpa sleeps hanging upside down from the ceiling: usually in the living room, the attic, or the lab (the interior of his bedroom was shown in the season one episode "My Fair Munster"; in the season two episode "Underground Munster", Grandpa was having breakfast in bed, which was a marble slab). In The Munsters Today, Grandpa's companion was Leonard the skeleton, whom he met at college back in Transylvania. Flashbacks to the events at college and to how Leonard and Grandpa met are part of the storyline in The Munsters Today episode "Never Say Die".

Grandpa doesn't always display the traits that are commonly associated with vampires. For example, in one episode of The Munsters, he looks in the mirror and casts a reflection. However, he does not cast a reflection in later incarnations, nor does he appear on film or in pictures. Traditionally, vampires (including Sesame Street's Count von Count) do not cast reflections. Additionally, Grandpa, as well as Lily, is seen several times outdoors during day light hours without the sunlight having any effect on him. Vampires in most lore only come out at night and usually perish when out in daylight.

A running gag on the show, later adopted in The Munsters Today, is Grandpa's attempts to bite someone on the arm which usually ends in failure.

Other media
Al Lewis was the only actor from the original series to reprise his role in a 1973 unsold pilot for an animated cartoon titled The Mini-Munsters. In 1987, he reprised the character as the host of SuperStation TBS's Super Scary Saturday movie block.  The program aired each Saturday at noon from October 1987 to fall 1989. The name "Munsters" was never referred to in the show or its promotion and Lewis' character was simply referred to as "Grandpa". Lewis also played the role in 1-900 commercials around the same time.

In 1990, Atari Corporation released Midnight Mutants, a video game featuring "Grampa" as played by Al Lewis.

Daniel Roebuck was cast to play the part in the 2022 Rob Zombie reboot film, The Munsters.

Notes

References

Fictional characters who use magic
Fictional inventors
Fictional mad scientists
Fictional therianthropes
Fictional vampires
Male characters in television
Grandpa
Television characters introduced in 1964


The History of Fairport Convention is the first compilation of tracks by Fairport Convention, released in 1972.

At the time it was released, it appeared that the band had folded. The cover had a "family tree" by Pete Frame on the front. Another unusual aspect of the album was that a piece of ribbon was glued to the sleeve, making it look as if a royal seal had been embossed on it. Different reissues had blue ribbons, or red or green. Later reissues of the album had no ribbon, but the central seal was shown in a larger size, and the family tree was missing.

Track listing

Side one
 "Meet on the Ledge"
 "Fotheringay"
 "Mr Lacey"
 "Book Song"
 "A Sailor's Life"

Side two
 "Si Tu Dois Partir"
 "Who Knows Where the Time Goes"
 "Matty Groves"
 "Crazy Man Michael"

Side three
 "Medley: The Lark in the Morning / Rakish Paddy / Foxhunter's Jig / Toss The Feathers (instr)"
 "Now Be Thankful"
 "Walk Awhile"
 "Sloth"
 "The Bonny Black Hare"

Side four
 "Angel Delight"
 "Bridge Over the River Ash (instr)"
 "John Lee"
 "Breakfast in Mayfair"
 "Hanging Song"
 "The Hen's March / The Four Poster Bed (instr)"

One cassette version of the album had sides 1 and 2 in the same order on the "A" side, and side 3 and 4 on the "B" side. Another version had the tracks "Si Tu Dois Partir" and  "The Hen's March Through The Midden / The Four Poster Bed" switched.

In 1988 a CD version was released. It omitted ""Crazy Man Michael" and "Medley". The family tree was not on the cover, but appeared on an insert. Although the album never reached the charts it was steadfastly in print.

References

External links
Informatik

1972 compilation albums
Fairport Convention albums
Island Records compilation albums


Mahetlwe is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. It is located around 25 km north-east of Molepolole, and the population was 591 in 2001 census.

References

Kweneng District
Villages in Botswana


Douglas Barr Scott (12 May 1920 – 12 March 2012) was a former Australian  National Party politician and briefly government minister.

Scott was born in Adelaide, South Australia and graduated from Scotch College, Adelaide and from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts. He was a farmer and grazier before entering politics. During World War II, he was a member of the Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve from 1941 to 1945 and was discharged with the rank of lieutenant.

Scott was appointed by the Parliament of New South Wales on 6 August 1970 to the Australian Senate to fill a casual vacancy created by the death of Colin McKellar and held it until the 21 November 1970 half Senate election. He was elected to the Senate at the May 1974 election. In 1979, he was appointed Minister for Special Trade Representations in Malcolm Fraser's ministry, until August 1980, when he was replaced by Ian Sinclair, following Sinclair's acquittal on fraud charges. He did not stand for re-election at the 1984 election and retired at the expiration of his term at the end of June 1985.

He died in Forbes on 12 March 2012, aged 91.

Notes

1920 births
2012 deaths
National Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian Senate for New South Wales
Members of the Australian Senate
20th-century Australian politicians


Gakgatla is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. The village is located around 40 km north-west of the capital of Botswana, Gaborone. The population of Gakgatla was 211 in 2001 census.

The headman of Arbitration is Lenyetse Moshapa.

References

Kweneng District
Villages in Botswana


Lentsweletau is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. It is located 60 km north of Gaborone. The population was 4,916 in 2011 census. A large percentage of the population is from the Bakwena tribe, and its capital is called Molepolole, also in the Kweneng District. The name Lentsweletau translates as a Lentswe = Rock (or rocky hill), le = and, tau = lion.

Lentsweletau was put on the map in the 1970s by a very popular musician named Cobra Kenalemang, who inspired another Lentsweletauan, Kotaeshwele, who came to picture with his hit "Kotaeshwele o dira mathaithai" in the mid 1980s. It is up again with the popular Toyota Desert Race as a stopover for vehicles filling up petrol and anyone wanting to spend a night in the area and having fun.

References

Kweneng District
Villages in Botswana


Baldwin Lake may refer to:

Baldwin Lake (Los Angeles County, California)
Baldwin Lake (San Bernardino County, California)
Baldwin Lake (Anoka County, Minnesota)
Baldwin Lake (Illinois), Power Plant Cooling Lake
Baldwin Lake (Waterford Township, Michigan)

See also
Baldwin Hills Reservoir


Oneta is one of 6 parishes in the municipality of Villayón, in Asturias, Spain.

Geography

Oneta is a village with 135 inhabitants (2007) and an area of 9,84 km². At an altitude of 542m., The village is 6 km from the municipal capital Villayón.

Rivers and lakes
Famous Waterfalls - Cascada de Oneta.
The River Brana flows through the village.

Transport
The nearest airport is Oviedo

Economy
Agriculture dominates the region and has for hundreds of years.

Climate
Warm summers and mild, occasionally hard winters. Autumn is characterized by severe storms.

Points of interest

 The Oneta Waterfall

Smaller villages in the parish
 Oneta - 77 Hab. (2007)
 Brañuas (Vaqueiros) - 44 Hab. (2007)
 Linera - 14 Hab. (2007))

References
Populationsdata > INE

External links
 Citypage
  Asturian Map

Towns in Spain
Parishes in Villayón
Towns in Asturias