The MATA Trolley is a heritage streetcar transit system operating in Memphis, Tennessee. It began operating on April 29, 1993. Service was suspended in June 2014, following fires on two cars.  After nearly four years and repeated postponements, the reopening of the Main Street Line took place on April 30, 2018. The system's two other lines remained suspended as of December 2022, but with reopening of both planned. In , the system had a ridership of .

The last line of Memphis’ original streetcar network closed on June 15, 1947.

Since opening the system has been extended twice and by 2004 consisted of three lines, operated by the Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA). These lines are the Main Street Line, the Riverfront Loop and the Madison Avenue Line; however, service on the last two lines remains indefinitely suspended in December 2022. In the 2011–12 fiscal year, 1.34 million trips were made on the system, a 23.1% year-on-year growth the highest of any light rail system in the contiguous United States.

History

Originally proposed as a  line along the Mississippi River, the Memphis City Council voted 9-4 in January 1990 to build the , $33 million Main Street route. After multiple delays, construction of the line commenced in February 1991 for completion by December 1992. However, due to the longer-than-anticipated restoration of the vintage streetcars, the opening of the line was delayed until spring 1993. After further delay, testing of the first of the restored cars began on March 10, 1993, and the system opened to the public on April 29, 1993.

On October 1, 1997, the Riverfront line opened. The system's third line, running east from Main Street along Madison Avenue for about , opened on March 15, 2004. It was completed at a cost of about $56 million, which was approximately 25 percent below the original budget forecast for the project. The Main Street Line was extended to Memphis Central Station in February 2021.

On November 3, 2021, MATA announced a plan to test a modern streetcar from San Diego on the Madison Avenue Line, on which rail service has been suspended since 2014. The vehicle is light rail car 1035 from the San Diego Trolley light rail system. MATA acquired the 1988-built Siemens–Duewag U2 from San Diego in fall 2020, and the car arrived in Memphis in April 2021.

Rolling stock

The trolleys used are almost all restored, vintage streetcars. The original three cars in operation on opening day were all formerly used in Porto, Portugal, and are Car 187, circa 1927; Car 194, circa 1935; and Car 204, circa 1940. These cars are each  long,
 wide and weigh  without passengers. The cars were restored by Kerns-Wilcheck Associates of Memphis. Three additional ex-Porto cars  (156, 164 and 180) joined them within weeks, and the fleet had six cars (all ex-Porto single-truckers) by May 1993.

Between the mid-1990s and 2003, the fleet expanded considerably in both number and capacity with the arrival of ten reconditioned Melbourne, Australia W2-class cars, all but one (Car 417) supplied by Gomaco Trolley Company. Other additions were single-truck Car 1979 that was built new by Gomaco in 1993, as a demonstrator; double-truck Car 1794 that was originally an open-sided car from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, but was heavily rebuilt and enclosed before entering service in Memphis, and, in early 2004, a replica Birney Safety Car – again, manufactured by Gomaco, similar to those used on the TECO Line Streetcar in Tampa, Florida, and the Metro Streetcar in Little Rock, Arkansas.

The fleet and overhead wires were converted from trolley pole to pantograph current collection in early 2003, during a three-month suspension of service which started on January 5, 2003.

An eleventh reconditioned Melbourne car, W5-class 799, was purchased in 2006 by MATA with a view toward eventual restarting of trolley service.

In late 2020, MATA acquired three more Gomaco-built replica Birney streetcars, secondhand from the Charlotte Area Transit System, which had used them from 2004 to 2019 on its Charlotte Trolley System and CityLynx Gold Line. After a planned refurbishment, they are projected to enter service by late 2022.

In 2021, MATA acquired one secondhand Siemens-Duewag U2 LRV from San Diego Trolley to be used for testing on the Madison Avenue Line. The vehicle began testing on the line in March 2022.

Lines
The MATA Trolley network consists of three lines. There are stations at 24 locations (inbound and outbound stations are counted as a single location), and 35 of the stations are sheltered and ADA-accessible.

Accidents and incidents
On June 1, 2011, two trolleysa Melbourne W2-class and Porto number 194traveling on Main Street collided due to a power failure.

Two of the Melbourne cars caught fire, in December 2013 and April 2014. Both incidents occurred along the Madison Avenue line. In May 2014, the line was shut down in order to conduct an investigation, since the speeds along it are higher. On June 10, the suspension was expanded to include all MATA trolley lines after it was determined that much of the fleet would need to be renovated. At that time, the suspension was expected to last at least six months until a feasible solution could be found. Options included restoring the existing fleet at a cost of $6 million, or replacing them with new heritage streetcars at a cost of $40 million.  After thorough inspection of the fleet, MATA decided to overhaul several cars rather than purchase new ones, and to eventually reinstate service using only overhauled cars.  In December 2014, MATA announced that it was not yet able to give an estimated date for the resumption of service. In March 2015, it was announced that limited trolley service might be possible in May or June, but there was still no timetable for full restoration of service. In October 2016, Memphis Mayor Jim Strickland said trolleys would not be back in service before 2017.

Reopening
Service on the Main Street Line restarted April 30, 2018. At that time, the other two lines were forecast to reopen within two years, but as of December 2022 they both remained indefinitely suspended (routes served by buses). In September 2021, MATA was predicting that the Riverfront Loop would reopen when three used Birney-replica cars acquired from Memphis in late 2020 were ready to enter service, which at the time was forecast for circa late 2022. Service on the Madison Avenue Line is planned to be restored sometime after 2022 after the testing of the Siemens-Duewag U2 LRV on the line is completed and more vehicles are purchased.

See also
 Memphis Area Transit Authority
 Memphis Suspension Railway
 Memphis Street Railway Company
 List of heritage railroads in the United States
 List of rail transit systems in the United States
 Streetcars in North America

References

External links

MATA: Trolley Lines
A Coordinated Human Services Transportation Plan for the Memphis Area – MATA
Heritagetrolley.org page on Memphis (APTA)
Railwaypreservation.com page on Memphis (with many photos)
Memphis Main Street Trolley (page by Jon Bell)
Map

Heritage railroads in Tennessee
Heritage streetcar systems
Trolley
Streetcars in Tennessee
Electric railways in Tennessee
1993 establishments in Tennessee
600 V DC railway electrification
Railway lines opened in 1993


The 1902 season was the first season of competitive football in Brazil. This was the first season of the São Paulo State Championship, the first official tournament contested in Brazil.

Campeonato Paulista

First Stage

Final

São Paulo Athletic declared as the Campeonato Paulista champions.

References
 Brazilian competitions at RSSSF

Seasons in Brazilian football
Brazil


Jimmy & Johnny were an American country music duo composed of Jimmy Lee Fautheree and "Country" Johnny Mathis. They scored several hits on the U.S. country charts in the 1950s.

The duo's career began on the radio show Louisiana Hayride, where both were in demand as guests. They also appeared on the Big D Jamboree. In 1951 they were signed to Capitol Records; they also recorded for Feature Records and Chess Records. Their biggest hit was 1954's "If You Don't Somebody Else Will", which reached No. 4 on the U.S. country charts.

Johnny was later replaced by Jimmy's brother, Lynn Fautheree; but the name of the duo did not change, as the producers feared a career slump. Lynn brought the group's style closer to rockabilly with songs such as "Sweet Love on My Mind," "What'cha Doin' to Me" and "Sweet Singing Daddy". They played with Faron Young's group, the Deputies, and sometimes on the Grand Ole Opry, in addition to continuing to appear regularly on Louisiana Hayride.
The song was written by Geraldine "Jerry" Hamilton. Lynn Fautheree  married Dianne Hamilton, Geraldines daughter. Lynn and Dianne left the music business soon after the birth of their daughter Lisa Fautheree  in 1959.
At the end of the 1950s, after the Fautherees moved back to Texas, Lynn exited and Mathis returned to the duo, and they recorded together until 1961. In 1995, Johnny & Jimmy reunited  for the first time since 1961, and released the gospel single "It Won't Be Much Longer".

Singles

Albums

References
[ Jimmy Lee Fautheree] at Allmusic
[ Johnny "Country" Mathis] at Allmusic
[ Review of ''If You Don't Somebody Else Will]. Allmusic.

American country music groups
D Records artists
Chess Records artists
Capitol Records artists
Decca Records artists


Eriogonum marifolium is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name marumleaf buckwheat. It is native to the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains of California and the ranges' extensions into Oregon and Nevada.

Description
This is a dioecious mat-forming sub-shrub which grows on sandy mountain soils. It forms patches of wavy-edged pale green leaves and has erect, branching inflorescences reaching heights of anywhere from 10 to 40 centimeters.

The male and female plants are often so different in appearance that they look like separate species. The male plant produces clusters of tiny pale yellow staminate flowers and the female individuals produce clusters of much larger bright yellow or red pistillate flowers.

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
Photo gallery

marifolium
Flora of California
Flora of Nevada
Flora of Oregon
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Dioecious plants
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Kensham is a hamlet in Kent, between Rolvenden and Sandhurst.  In the medieval era it was called Cassingham.

Hamlets in Kent


Eva Wilma Buckup (; 14 December 1933 – 15 May 2021) was a Brazilian actress and dancer. Among her several roles, she starred in the 1950s Brazilian television series Alô, Doçura!.

Biography
Eva Wilma was born in São Paulo. Her father, Otto Riefle Jr, was a German metallurgist from the Black Forest region of Pforzheim near Stuttgart in southern Germany. He went to Brazil, more precisely to the city of Rio de Janeiro in 1929, at the age of 19, to work in a metallurgy firm. Eva Wilma's mother, Luísa Carp, was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, she was the daughter of Ukrainian Jews from Kyiv who immigrated to Argentina. Eva's parents met in the city of São Paulo when Eva's father was transferred to the city, and her mother, after living in Buenos Aires, moved to Brazil. In 1956 she was awarded with Prêmio Saci.

She was married for 23 years to actor John Herbert, with whom she had two children, Vivian and John Jr. She later married actor Carlos Zara.

Death
Eva Wilma died at the age of 87 in São Paulo, May 15, 2021, at the Albert Einstein Hospital, of ovarian cancer.

Filmography

References

External links

 Eva Wilma official website

1933 births
2021 deaths
Actresses from São Paulo
Brazilian people of German descent
Brazilian people of Argentine descent
Brazilian people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Brazilian television actresses
Brazilian female dancers
Deaths from cancer in São Paulo (state)
Deaths from ovarian cancer


Mark Gatha is a retired Canadian voice actor who worked at Blue Water Studios from 2002 to 2006. He is best known for voicing Domon Kasshu in the anime G Gundam and X from the Mega Man X video game series. He is also heard in the anime Zoids: Chaotic Century, providing the voice of Irvine.

According to the Megaman Network site, Gatha is no longer working in voice over. According to Lucas Gilbertson through his YouTube account, he trained to be an orthopedic surgeon in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador and is now working in the Vancouver area.

Filmography

Animation/anime roles
Benjamin Blümchen - Billy Ballo
 Betterman - Cactus
 D.I.C.E. - Captain Spike
 Fancy Lala - Gameshow Director, Imaichi
 Flame of Recca - Minamio, Saiha, additional voices.
 Hoop Days - Kazuhiko Aikawa
 Mega Man Maverick Hunter X: The Day of Sigma - X
 Mega Man X Legacy Collection - X (OVA Episode: The Day of Sigma)
 Mobile Fighter G Gundam - Domon Kasshu
 Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam - Mezun Mecks
 Stark Raven - Carmine
 Zoids: Chaotic Century - Irvine

Video game roles
 D.I.C.E. - Captain Spike
 Mega Man X8 - X
 Mega Man X Command Mission - X
 Mega Man Maverick Hunter X - X
 Mega Man X Legacy Collection - X (X8; archive footage)
 Mega Man Battle Network 5: Double Team DS - Lan Hikari
 Battle Assault 3 featuring Gundam Seed - Domon Kasshu
 Gundam: Battle Assault 2 - Domon Kasshu
 Mobile Suit Gundam: Zeonic Front - Lt. Agar

Live action roles
 Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show - Don Cuervo (Episode: "Honey, It's Gloom and Doom")

References

External links

Canadian male video game actors
Canadian male voice actors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Nisterud Station is a railway station serving Notodden, Norway, on the Bratsberg Line. The station has only one track and one platform, and is served with an hourly service to Grenland by Vy.

History
The station was opened in 1919, two years after Bratsberg Line. It was staffed until 1973. After the reorganization of the Bratsberg Line in 2004, Nisterud is the only station between Skien and Nordagutu that is served.

External links
 Jernbaneverket's page on Nisterud

Railway stations on the Bratsberg Line
Railway stations in Notodden
Railway stations opened in 1919
1919 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1910s


Darcinópolis is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Tocantins. In 2020, the estimated population was 6,174. It has an area of 1,639 km².

References

Municipalities in Tocantins


Melia is a genus of flowering trees in the family Meliaceae. The name is derived from μελία, the Greek name used by Theophrastus (c. 371 – c. 287 BC) for Fraxinus ornus, which has similar leaves.

Species
, Plants of the World Online accepted three species:
 Melia azedarach L. – chinaberry, Persian lilac, white cedar
 Melia dubia Cav.
 Melia volkensii Gürke

Formerly placed here
Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) M.Jacobs (as M. excelsa Jack)
Azadirachta indica A.Juss. (as M. azadirachta L.)
Cipadessa baccifera (Roth) Miq. (as M. baccifera Roth)
Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm. (as M. parasitica Osbeck)
Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f.) Merr. (as M. koetjape Burm.f.)

References

External links

Meliaceae genera


Nepal Physical Society (NPS) is a professional society of the Nepalese physicists. The small society of about 500 members was established in 1982.

Membership
To be eligible for membership, one has to hold a minimum of a master's degree in physical science from either Tribhuvan University or another university that is recognized by Tribhuvan University. The NPS offers two kinds of memberships in general: Ordinary Membership and Life Membership. Ordinary Membership is to be renewed every year by paying a nominal membership fee. Life membership can be obtained by paying the fee designated for life membership. An executive body is formed by general convention in every two years.

Nepal Physical Society signed the agreement to be a reciprocal society with the American Physical Society (APS) on September 21, 1995. This society is also a member of Association of Asia Pacific Physical societies (AAPPs).

Activities
The society organizes different scientific and educational activities related to physical sciences in Nepal. These activities include lectures and classes on topics in physics like Group Theory. These lectures are intended for people who want to broaden their knowledge in the field of physics. The society publishes Nepal Physical Society News letters on a regular basis. Previously, the office of the society was situated in Tri-Chandra College, Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, Nepal. Currently, the office is in the Central Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal. Nepal Physical Society participated in the 38th International Physics Olympiad in 2007.

See also
 Nepal Mathematical Society

References

External links

 list of reciprocal member societies
 http://www.aapps.org/societies.html
 http://www.physnet.de/PhysNet/societies.html#Asia

Professional associations based in Nepal
Physics societies
1982 establishments in Nepal
Scientific organizations established in 1982
Science and technology in Nepal


Zandvoorde () is a village in the Belgian province of West Flanders and a part (deelgemeente) of the municipality of Zonnebeke. Zandvoorde is a rural village, in the rolling landscape of the southern part of the province.

History
Old listings of the place date back to 1102, as Sanfort. "Sant" refers to sand (in modern Dutch: zand), "fort" refers to Ford (in modern Dutch: voorde), a shallow crossing in a watercourse.

The village was completely destroyed during World War I. Among those killed there was the German poet Ernst Stadler, drafted to the German army.

Landmarks
 The Parish and its church are named after Saint Bartholomew. The current church dates from 1923–1925, after the old church had been destroyed during the First World War.
 The Zantvoorde British Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission World War I military cemetery. In the village centre, there is a British war memorial, The Household Cavalry Monument.

Trivia
 In the north of the province of West Flanders, there's another village with the name Zandvoorde, a part of the city of Ostend

Zonnebeke
Populated places in West Flanders


The Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas () is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Yunnan province, China. It lies within the drainage basins of the upper reaches of the Jinsha (Yangtze), Lancang (Mekong) and Nujiang (Salween) rivers, in the Yunnan section of the Hengduan Mountains.

Overview

Geography
The protected areas extend over 15 core areas, totalling 939,441.4 ha, and buffer areas, totalling 758,977.8 ha across a region of 180 km by 310 km. Here, for a distance of over 300 km, three of Asia's great rivers run roughly parallel to one another though separated by high mountain ranges with peaks over 6,000 meters. After this area of near confluence, the rivers greatly diverge: the Nujiang River becomes Salween and empties out at Moulmein, Burma, into the Indian Ocean, the Lancang becomes the Mekong and south of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, empties out into the South China Sea and the Yangtze flows into the East China Sea at Shanghai. Selected nature reserves and places of scenic beauty in this unique region were collectively awarded World Heritage Site status in 2003 for their very rich biodiversity and outstanding topographical diversity.

Running parallel to these three rivers, slightly to the west, is the river gorge of the N'Mai River, the main tributary to the Irrawaddy River. About 100 kilometers to the west and northwest is the watershed of the Lohit River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River and the greater Ganges-Brahmaputra system. Thus, in this unique mountainous region, adjacent headwaters feed five of the most significant continental rivers; from east to west, they are: Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Irrawaddy, and the Ganges-Brahmaputra. They are all among the top 15 rivers in Asia by volume or length.

Biology
In its description, UNESCO mentions: "(It) may be the most biologically diverse temperate region on earth" and "An exceptional range of topographical features - from gorges to karst to glaciated peaks -- is associated with the site being at a 'collision point' of tectonic plates".

Due to its topography and geographical location, the Three Parallel Rivers region contains many climate types. Average annual precipitation ranges from 4,600 mm in the Dulongjian area in the west of Gongshan county to 300 mm in the upper valleys of the Yangtze river.  The protected areas are home to around 6,000 species of plants, 173 species of mammals, and 417 species of birds. Many of the flora and fauna species are endemic to the region.

Culture
The Three Parallel Rivers has been acknowledged as a natural World Heritage Site. Demographically, the region contains many of the twenty-five ethnic groups found in Yunnan province (including the Derung, the smallest of all of China's minority groups). Other minorities found in this region include the Tibetan people, the Nu people, the Lisu, the Bai, the Pumi and the Naxi. Many of these minorities still use traditional costumes as their normal daily attire.

In the same region as the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas lies the Old Town of Lijiang, which is also a World Heritage Site in its own right.

Protected areas

The Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas consists of fifteen protected areas, in eight geographic clusters. The areas include:

 The three separate sections of the Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve
 Haba Xueshan Nature Reserve, with the Tiger Leaping Gorge
 Bita Lake Nature Reserve, part of Pudacuo National Park, in Shangri-La County
 Yunling Nature Reserve
 Gongshan Scenic Area
 Yueliangshan Scenic Area in Fugong County (also known as Stone Moon mountain)
 Pianma Scenic Area in Lushui County
 Baima-Meili Xue Shan—Meili Snow mountain range Reserve, with the highest peak, at , of the protected areas.
 Julong Lake Scenic Area, in Deqin County
 Laowoshan Scenic Area, in Fugong County
 Hongshan Scenic Area, part of Pudacuo National Park in Shangri-La County
 Qianhushan (Thousand Lake Mountain) Scenic Area, in Shangri-La County
 Laojunshan Scenic Area, in Lanping Bai and Pumi Autonomous County

Flora and fauna

According to UNESCO "The area covered by the World Heritage site is claimed to be the most biodiverse and least disturbed temperate ecosystems in the world".

Flora
The protected terrestrial ecoregion areas of this biodiversity hotspot are for a large part covered with both temperate coniferous and broadleaf forests. The protected areas are home to around 6,000 species of plants, many of which are endemic to the region.  More than 200 varieties of rhododendron and more than 100 species of gentians and primulas are found in the areas.

Fauna
The fauna found in the areas includes 173 species of mammals, of which 81 are endemic, and 417 species of birds, of which 22 are endemic. Some of the mammals which inhabit these regions are the endemic black snub-nosed monkey, the Indian leopard, snow leopard, and clouded leopard; the Gaoligong pika, Gongshan muntjac, Chinese shrew mole, and capped langur; the stump-tailed macaque, Asiatic wild dog, black musk deer, and takin; the smooth-coated otter, hoolock gibbon, Asian black bear and red panda.

Rare bird species in the areas include chestnut-throated partridge, the Lady Amherst's pheasant, white-eared pheasant, Yunnan nuthatch, and giant nuthatch; the white-speckled laughingthrush, ferruginous duck, Severtzov's grouse, and brown-winged parrotbill; the Ward's trogon, black-necked crane and Verreaux's monal-partridge.

See also
Chushi Gangdruk
List of ecoregions in China
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest - terrestrial biome
Temperate coniferous forest - terrestrial biome
List of World Heritage Sites in Asia
Episode "Shangri-La" of the BBC nature documentary Wild China
Pierre Jean Marie Delavay, a French Catholic missionary and botanist who explored the region in the late 19th century
Joseph Rock, Austrian-American explorer and botanist who described the region in "Through the Great River Trenches of Asia: National Geographic Society Explorer Follows the Yangtze, Mekong, and Salwin Through Mighty Gorges" (1926)

References

External links

World-Heritage-Site.org: Three Parallel Rivers Of Yunnan Protected Areas
Earth.org: "Three Parallel Rivers Of Yunnan Protected Areas" article
 UNep-wcmc.org - Three Rivers of Yunnan

World Heritage Sites in China
Biosphere reserves of China
Landforms of Yunnan
Geography of Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Geography of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture
Geography of Lijiang
Canyons and gorges of China
Valleys of China
Forests of China
Old-growth forests
Yangtze River
Mekong River
Salween River
Tourist attractions in Yunnan
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Temperate coniferous forests
Ecoregions of China
Freshwater ecoregions
National parks of China


Zandvoorde may refer to:
 Zandvoorde, Ostend, a Belgian village, part of the city of Ostend
 Zandvoorde, Zonnebeke, a Belgian village, part of the municipality of Zonnebeke

See also
 Zandvoort, North Holland, Netherlands
 Sandford (disambiguation)


The 82nd Regiment of Foot was a British army regiment raised for service in the American Revolutionary War.

The regiment was raised in Lanarkshire, Scotland on 16 December 1777.
It was sent to New York in August 1779 and then to establish and defend New Ireland in June 1779. It was sent to Wilmington, North Carolina in April 1781 and its light company was interned at Yorktown. It was disbanded in 1784.

References

Infantry regiments of the British Army
Military units and formations established in 1777
Military units and formations disestablished in 1784
Regiments of the British Army in the American Revolutionary War
1777 establishments in Great Britain


Kate Morton (born 1976) is an Australian author. Morton has sold more than 16 million books in 42 countries, making her one of Australia's "biggest publishing exports". The author has written six novels: The House at Riverton (The Shifting Fog), The Forgotten Garden, The Distant Hours, The Secret Keeper, The Lake House, and The Clockmaker's Daughter (published in September 2018). Her seventh book, Homecoming, was published in April 2023.

Early life and education

Morton is the oldest of three sisters. Her family moved several times before settling on Tamborine Mountain where she attended a small country school. She enjoyed reading books from an early age, her favourites being those by Enid Blyton.

She completed a Licentiate in Speech and in Drama from Trinity College London and then a summer Shakespeare course at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. Later she earned first-class honours in English Literature at the University of Queensland (1999) and won a scholarship to complete a master's degree focussing on tragedy in Victorian literature. During her undergraduate studies she wrote two full-length manuscripts (which are unpublished) before writing The House at Riverton (The Shifting Fog), which was published in 2006.

Kate Morton is married to Davin Patterson, a jazz musician and composer. They have three children and live in London.

Bibliography
The House at Riverton (The Shifting Fog): Sunday Times #1 bestseller, New York Times bestseller, Winner - Richard and Judy Best Read of the Year 2007, General Fiction Book of the Year at the 2007 Australian Book Industry Awards, and nominated for Most Popular Book at the British Book Awards in 2008. Sainsbury's Popular Fiction Award Best Novel nominee (2008), Nielsen Gold Book Award 2010, Golden Pan Award UK 1,000,000 copies sold, Indie Next Outstanding Debut Winter 2009.

The Forgotten Garden: New York Times bestseller, Sunday Times #1 bestseller, #1 bestseller Spain, Spiegel bestseller, winner of the ABIA General Fiction Book of the Year (2009), longlisted for the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award (2010).The Distant Hours:  New York Times bestseller, #1 bestseller Spain, #1 bestseller Ireland Spiegel bestseller, (commended) Christina Stead Award, Fellowship of Australian Writers National Literary Awards (2010).The Secret Keeper: Sunday Times bestseller,  New York Times bestseller, Spiegel bestseller, El País bestseller, winner of the General Fiction Book of the Year, Australian Book Industry Awards (2013), winner of the Christina Stead Award, Fellowship of Australian Writers National Literary Awards (2012), winner of The Courier-Mail People's Choice Queensland Book of the Year (2013), finalist of the Best Translated Honkaku Mystery of the Decade (2010-2019).The Lake House: New York Times bestseller,Sunday Times bestseller,  #1 bestseller in Australia, #1 bestseller in Canada, Spiegel bestseller, El País bestseller.

The Clockmaker's Daughter: New York Times bestseller, Sunday Times Bestseller, #1 bestseller in Australia, #1 bestseller Canada.

Homecoming: published in April 2023.

Novels
2006: The House at Riverton (also known as The Shifting Fog)
2008: The Forgotten Garden
2010: The Distant Hours
2012: The Secret Keeper
2015: The Lake House
2018: The Clockmaker's Daughter
2023: Homecoming

References

External links

 Official website

1976 births
Living people
21st-century Australian novelists
Australian women novelists
University of Queensland alumni
21st-century Australian women writers
Australian emigrants to England


The Valea Muntelui is a left tributary of the river Talna in Romania. It flows into the Talna in Orașu Nou. Its length is  and its basin size is .

References

Rivers of Romania
Rivers of Satu Mare County


John Anderson (8 December 1929 – 22 August 2001) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a goalkeeper.

Anderson was born in Barrhead and began his career with junior side Arthurlie. He moved in December 1948 to Leicester City, where he won two Division 2 championships. Later in his career Anderson played for Peterborough United during their debut Football League season (1960–61) and for Nuneaton Borough. On retiring from playing football he set up a painting and decorating business in Leicester.

He won his only cap for Scotland in their final preparation match for the 1954 FIFA World Cup, against Finland. Although he was named in the finals squad as understudy to Fred Martin, Anderson did not travel to Switzerland as Scotland chose only to take 13 players. Anderson stayed at home on reserve, along with the likes of Bobby Combe and Jimmy Binning. Inside forward George Hamilton was also on reserve but travelled after Bobby Johnstone withdrew through injury.

References

External links

1929 births
1954 FIFA World Cup players
2001 deaths
Men's association football goalkeepers
Leicester City F.C. players
Nuneaton Borough F.C. players
People from Barrhead
Peterborough United F.C. players
Scotland men's B international footballers
Scotland men's international footballers
Scottish men's footballers
English Football League players
Arthurlie F.C. players
Scottish Junior Football Association players
Scotland men's junior international footballers
Footballers from East Renfrewshire


"Country" Johnny Mathis (September 28, 1930 – September 27, 2011) was an American country music singer and songwriter. He was a successful solo performer and one half of the duo Jimmy & Johnny. Mathis is credited with penning more than 500 tunes over the course of his long career.

Biography
John Mathis was born in Maud, Texas, United States. He played on Louisiana Hayride from 1953 to 1960, as a solo artist and as a member of the musical duo Jimmy & Johnny (with Jimmy Lee Fautheree). Mathis left the group to go solo in the middle of the 1950s, leaving Fautheree's brother, Lynn, to fill his shoes. Jimmy and Lynn, however, saved the name Jimmy & Johnny, which proved ideal for Mathis who returned to the group from 1959 to 1961. As a solo artist, he released several singles for D Records, Decca, United Artists, and Little Darlin'. His final charting single was "Please Talk to My Heart", released in 1963. He also encountered significant success as a songwriter, penning songs for Johnny Paycheck, Faron Young, George Jones, Charley Pride and Webb Pierce among others. For few decades, until the late 1990s, he sang both country gospel music, and focused on his family.

Mathis suffered a stroke in February 1999, and was no longer able to perform. The stroke left him in poor health until his death in Cornersville, Tennessee, on September 27, 2011, one day shy of his 81st birthday. His wife, Jeannie Mathis, died on September 14, 2019. His daughter, Sherry Craver, died on April 26, 2020, and he is survived by his three sons, John Jr., Bill and James Mathis.

Singles (selected)
 "I've Been Known to Cry"
 "Just Do the Best You Can"
 "Welcome Home"
 "Country Music Keeps on Growing"
 "Make Me One More Memory"
 "Harbor of Love"
 "Please Talk to My Heart" (1963) - U.S. Country No. 14

References

Sources
[ Johnny "Country" Mathis profile], AllMusic; accessed September 26, 2016

1930 births
2011 deaths
American country singer-songwriters
Singer-songwriters from Texas
People from Bowie County, Texas
Country musicians from Texas


The Allied Masonic Degrees (AMD) are a series of Masonic degrees conferred by Councils of the Allied Masonic Degrees. The Allied Masonic Degrees form an appendant order of Freemasonry that exists in some Masonic jurisdictions; its degrees are  conferred only by invitation. Councils of the Allied Masonic Degrees exist in Great Britain, the United States, Canada, France, Australia and Congo, and their members also educate one another by presenting research papers on Freemasonry.

The degrees in the UK

England and Wales

In England and Wales the entry degree for all members is the Order of Saint Lawrence the Martyr.  This is the prerequisite for participating in Council meetings. Four other degrees follow, which can be taken in any order, according to the programme of the member's local Council, although the degree of the Grand Tilers of Solomon is often taken last by a candidate. The full set of degrees in England and Wales is:
Saint Lawrence the Martyr
Knight of Constantinople
Grand Tilers of Solomon
Grand High Priest
Red Cross of Babylon.

The Order of the Secret Monitor, once part of the AMD, now has its own independent conclaves and national structure within England and Wales. The Order is administered from Mark Masons' Hall, London.

Knights of Constantinople — Plymouth Working
In 1865 a Council of Knights of Constantinople was formed in Devonport, Plymouth, leading to an independent branch of the Order. In 1910 the three remaining councils submitted to the Grand Council of the  Allied Masonic Degrees, but on condition of retaining the right to wear their own distinctive apron, and the privilege and exclusive right to confer the degree as practised by the Plymouth Councils since 1865.  Only Christian brethren are eligible to join the Plymouth Working. All three Plymouth Councils continue to work, and are today numbers 33, 34, and 35 on the roll of the Grand Council.

Scotland
In Scotland, there is no direct equivalent of the Allied Masonic Degrees, nor are the degrees for which it is responsible carried out under the auspices of any of the Scottish masonic bodies, although the 'Red Cross of Babylon' is a truncated version of the Scottish 'Babylonish Pass' degree under the control of the Supreme Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland. There is no reciprocal agreement on intervisitation in the 'Lodge & Council' degrees between the Supreme Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland and the Council of the Allied Masonic Degrees. Nonetheless, The Grand Council of the Allied Masonic Degrees of England and Wales and Districts and Councils Overseas has been recognised since 2004 as a 'Masonic Body in Amity with The Grand Lodge of Scotland'

The degrees in the US
In the United States of America, a national Grand Council charters local councils, which confer their degrees on selected Royal Arch Masons. Most councils are limited to twenty-seven members, but the Council of the Nine Muses is limited to nine authors (the new Sovereign Master must read a new essay), and the Grand Master's Council has no limit, either numerically or geographically.

The officers of a Council utilize many of the same titles as the officers of a Masonic lodge, with the presiding officer being denominated 'Sovereign Master."  The Councils are given wide discretion as to choose how frequently they meet and what programs to pursue. Generally speaking, Councils study or discuss Freemasonry in some way at each meeting.  The Grand Council has created some internal honors, the most notable being "Knight Grand Cross".

The degrees conferred in the United States are:
Royal Ark Mariner
Order of the Secret Monitor
Brotherhood of David and Jonathan: Induction
Brotherhood of David and Jonathan: Admission of a Prince
Installed Supreme Ruler (OSM chair degree)
Knight of Constantinople
Order of Saint Lawrence the Martyr
Installed Worthy Master (OSLM chair degree)
Architect
Grand Architect
Superintendent
Grand Tiler of Solomon
Master of Tyre
Excellent Master
Installed Sovereign Master (AMD chair degree)
Installed Commander Noah (RAM chair degree)
Ancient Order of Corks (recreational; special rules apply)
The Order of the Scarlet Cord (special rules apply)
Royal Order of the Red Branch of Eri and Appendant Orders (honorary)
Man at Arms (optionally included with basic membership)
Esquire (optionally provided as an honor)
Knight (optionally provided as an honor)
Knight Commander (available to a member who has completed a term as Sovereign Master of his Council)
Knight Grand Cross (a Brother who has served as a Grand Officer in the Grand Council)
Supreme Grand Cross (a Brother who has been installed as Sovereign Grand Master)

Organisation
The structure is very much like that of the craft lodges, with the exception that the offices of Secretary and Treasurer may be combined in some councils.

The degrees in Canada
In Canada, the degrees conferred are:

St. Lawrence the Martyr
Installed Master of St. Lawrence

Optional degrees are:

Knight of Constantinople
Grand Tilers of Solomon
Excellent Master
Masters of Tyre
Architect (implied prerequisite degree for Grand Architect)
Grand Architect (implied prerequisite degree for Superintendent)
Superintendent

Royal Order of the Red Branch of Eri:
(given at the Annual Assembly, or by the District Deputy Grand Master)

 Optional Degrees (included with basic membership but can be conferred):
Man at Arms
Esquire
Required Degree:
Knight (on request; requisite for election as Sovereign Master)
Ranks:
Knight Commander (a Knight who has served a term as Sovereign Master of his lodge)
Knight Grand Cross (a Knight Commander who has been elected to the Grand Council)
Supreme Grand Cross (a Knight Commander who has been installed as Sovereign Grand Master)

"Fun" degrees: (given at the Annual Assembly)
 Ye Ancient Order of Corks
 Order of the Bath

References

Masonic organizations


Reign of Fear is the second full-length album by the German heavy metal band Rage, and the first since their renaming from Avenger to Rage. It was released in 1986. The album was remastered by Noise/Sanctuary in 2002 with slightly altered cover art, and five bonus tracks.

Track listing

Personnel
Rage
Peter "Peavy" Wagner – vocals, bass
Jochen Schroeder – guitars
Thomas Grüning – guitars
Jörg Michael – drums

Production
Ralph Hubert – producer
Karl-Ulrich Walterbach – executive producer
D.E.F. – engineer, sample sounds
Phil Lawvere – cover painting
Fred Baumgart – cover photo

References

1986 albums
Rage (German band) albums
Noise Records albums


Palitaw (ᜉᜎᜒᜆᜏ᜔) (from litaw, the Tagalog word for "float" or "rise") is a small, flat, sweet rice cake eaten in the Philippines. They are made from galapong - washed, soaked, and ground malagkit (sticky rice).  After excess water is let out from the grinding process, scoops of the batter are rolled and flattened to a circular shape and cooked by dropping into boiling water; floating to the surface is an indication that they are done.  Before serving, they are dipped in grated coconut, and presented with a separate mix of sugar and toasted sesame seeds.
There are many different kinds of Palitaw including Chocolate Palitaw, which is made like a regular one but with an added flavor of chocolate. There are many small businesses in the industry that sell chocolate Palitaw.

See also
Buchi
Mache
Masi
Moche
 Pichi-pichi

References

Philippine desserts
Rice pudding
Philippine rice dishes
Foods containing coconut
Rice cakes


Rubielos is the name of several towns in Spain:

 Rubielos de Mora, a town in the province of Teruel, Aragon
 Rubielos de la Cérida, a town in the province of Teruel, Aragon

See also:

 Mora de Rubielos, a town in the province of Teruel, Aragon
 Fuentes de Rubielos, a town in the province of Teruel, Aragon


Maxey may refer to:

Places
Maxey, Cambridgeshire, village in the City of Peterborough in England
Maxey Castle, a medieval fortified manor house castle
Maxey-sur-Meuse, commune in the Vosges department in Lorraine in France
Maxey-sur-Vaise, commune in the Meuse department in Lorraine in France

People
Anthony Maxey (died 1618), Dean of Windsor and registrar of the Order of the Garter
Glen Maxey (born 1952), American politician from Texas; state legislator
Johnny Maxey (born 1993), American football player
Lawrence Maxey (contemporary), American musician and professor of music
Linda Maxey (contemporary), American concert marimbist
Marcus Maxey (born 1983), American professional football player
Marlon Maxey (born 1969), American professional basketball player
Maxey Dell Moody (1883-1949), American businessman
Morris Maxey Titterington (1891–1928), American engineer and aviator
Samuel B. Maxey (1825–1895), American soldier, lawyer, and politician from Texas; major general for the Confederacy during the American Civil War
Thomas Sheldon Maxey (1846–1921), United States federal judge
Tyrese Maxey (born 2000), American basketball player

Other
Camp Maxey, U.S. Army National Guard training base near Paris, Texas, USA; infantry training camp during World War II
Maxey Flat, low-level radioactive waste facility Superfund site in Kentucky, U.S.
Sam Bell Maxey House, Texas state historic site in Paris, Texas, U.S.
W.J. Maxey Boys Training School, a former juvenile detention center in Whitmore Lake, Michigan, U.S.

See also
Maxie (disambiguation)


Eidanger Station () is a disused railway station at Eidanger in Porsgrunn, Norway. Located at the intersection of the Bratsberg Line, Brevik Line and Vestfold Line, it is located  from Oslo. The station buildings were designed by Balthazar Lange.

The station opened as part of the Vestfold Line on 23 November 1882, with the Brevik Line opening in 1895. From 1916 the Brevik- and Bratsberg Lines received standard gauge, and Eidanger was used for transshipment with the narrow-gauge Vestfold Line. The station's importance diminished with the latter's gauge conversion in 1941. The commuter train service between Brevik and Skien terminated in 1964, reducing most of the station's traffic. It was closed on 2 March 1987, but remains in use as a passing loop.

History
Eidanger Station was built as part of the Vestfold Line, and opened on 23 November 1882 as part of the second segment, between Larvik Station and Skien Station. At this time also the section west of the station was regarded as part of the Vestfold Line, which was built with narrow gauge . Plans for a branch from Eidanger to Brevik had been articulated during the construction of the Vestfold Line, but were not approved by Parliament until 4 July 1891. The Brevik Line opened on 15 October 1895.

To secure compatibility with the Bratsberg Line, the section of track past Grenland to Eidanger and onwards to Brevik was converted to dual gauge from 4 December 1916. The dual gauge was removed in on 16 June 1921 and the segment from Eidanger to Oklungen Station received dual gauge in November. Because of the break-of-gauge, Eidanger was used as a site of transshipment between Vestfold Line and the standard gauge lines. An underpass near the station for the main road between Brevik and Porsgrunn was built in 1933.

A dual-gauge system was established between Eidanger and Larvik on 22 June 1940, which remained until 15 February 1941, when only standard gauge was used on the Vestfold Line until Larvik. Eidanger Station was electrified along with the Brevik Line and the Bratsberg Line south of Borgestad Station on 19 July 1949. The section east of Eidanger on the Vestfold Line was electrified on 15 October 1956. The line past Eidanger was remote controlled from 20 December 1972. The station was closed for passenger trains on 2 March 1987, although it remained in use as a passing loop. The station received automatic train stop on 18 July 1990.

Three new underpasses for road traffic were built under the line at the station in 1991. Since 2012 a new high-speed section of the Vestfold Line is being built between Porsgrunn and Farriseidet, and thus Eidanger Station will in the future only be located on the Brevik Line. Proposals have called for a bicycle path to be laid on the old section of track, which would see Eidanger as the point of origin.

Facilities
Eidanger was established as a third-class station, but was later upgraded to second class. The station was a standard design created by Balthazar Lange for the Vestfold Line, with the station building measuring  on the ground floor. It featured a ticket office, offices for cargo handling and express cargo, and the station master's office. A separate six-room station master's building was also built, along with an outhouse. The station area had seven tracks, including three which went to the engine shed. During the transshipment era there were twenty-two people working at the station.

Eidanger is located  from Oslo West Station and at an elevation of  above mean sea level. The station is aligned such that the Bratsberg Line comes in from the west and the Vestfold and Brevik Line come in from the east. Since the closing a passing loop remains at the station.

Service
The bulk of the services at Eidanger was originally a commuter train which ran to between Brevik and Skien. Until the end of the 1940s the station had between ten and twelve daily round trips, but during the 1950s this increased to as high as nineteen, often running at a fixed hourly headway, following the introduction of electric trains.  During the late 1940s and 1950s there was correspondence with a bus to Arendal at Brevik. NSB decided to terminate the commuter trains from 1 February 1964, with the express trains followed suit on 26 May 1968. From then Eidanger Station only saw traffic along the Vestfold Line.

References

Bibliography

Railway stations on the Bratsberg Line
Railway stations on the Vestfold Line
Railway stations on the Brevik Line
Railway stations in Porsgrunn
Railway stations opened in 1882
Railway stations closed in 1987
1882 establishments in Norway
1987 disestablishments in Norway
Disused railway stations in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1880s


Regional elections were held in France on 15 March 1998. At stake were the presidencies of each of France's 26 regions, which, though they don't have legislative autonomy, manage sizeable budgets.

The parliamentary right, led by the conservative Gaullist Rally for the Republic and the centre-right Union for French Democracy won the presidency of 15 of the 26 regions, the rest were won by the French Socialist Party and its allies (Communists, Greens, Radicals). The far-right National Front obtained good results, increasing its number of seats. The far-left and Hunting, Fishing, Nature, Tradition also won seats on various regional councils.

These election were the last ones conducted using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of five percent of valid votes being applied regionally, later replaced by a two-round mixed-member majoritarian system for the 2004 elections.

Presidents of the Regional Council

 Alsace: Adrien Zeller (UDF-FD, UMP)
 Aquitaine : Alain Rousset (PS)
 Auvergne : Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (UDF, UMP)
 Burgundy : Jean-Pierre Soisson (MDR-UDF, UMP) FN support
 Brittany : Josselin de Rohan (RPR, UMP)
 Champagne-Ardenne : Jean-Claude Étienne (RPR, UMP)
 Corse : José Rossi (RPR, UMP)
 Franche-Comté : Jean-François Humbert (UDF-PPDF, UMP)
 Guadeloupe : Lucette Michaux-Chevry (RPR, UMP)
 Guyane : Antoine Karam (PSG)
 Île-de-France : Jean-Paul Huchon (PS)
 Languedoc-Roussillon : Jacques Blanc (DL, UMP) FN support
 Limousin : Robert Savy (PS)
 Lorraine : Gérard Longuet (RPR, UMP)
 Martinique : Alfred Marie-Jeanne (MIM)
 Midi-Pyrénées : Martin Malvy (PS)
 Nord-Pas de Calais : Michel Delebarre (PS)
 Lower Normandy : René Garrec (DL, UMP)
 Upper Normandy : Alain Le Vern (PS)
 Pays de la Loire : François Fillon (RPR, UMP)
 Picardy : Charles Baur (UDF-FD, DVD, UMP) FN support
 Poitou-Charentes : Jean-Pierre Raffarin (UDF-DL, DL, UMP) replaced by Elisabeth Morin (UMP) CPNT support
 Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur : Michel Vauzelle (PS)
 Réunion : Paul Vergès (PCR)
 Rhône-Alpes : Charles Millon (UDF-DL, DLC) replaced by Anne-Marie Comparini (UDF)

References

External links
Election-Politique Regional Elections since 1986 (in french)

1998
1998 elections in France


Romain Brégerie (born 9 August 1986) is a French footballer who plays as a centre-back.

Career
After moving from FC Girondins de Bordeaux in summer 2008 to FC Metz, the defender was loaned to LB Châteauroux in January 2010. In June 2011 he signed a two-year contract with Dynamo Dresden. On 4 July 2014, he signed a one-year contract with SV Darmstadt 98. In January 2018, he returned to Darmstadt, joining on loan from Ingolstadt 04 for the second half of the season.

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
People from Talence
Men's association football defenders
French men's footballers
French expatriate men's footballers
France men's under-21 international footballers
FC Girondins de Bordeaux players
FC Sète 34 players
FC Metz players
LB Châteauroux players
Dynamo Dresden players
SV Darmstadt 98 players
FC Ingolstadt 04 players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Footballers from Gironde


David Cochrane Mathers (23 October 1931 – 22 August 2014) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a left-half for Partick Thistle and the Scotland national team.

Mathers joined Partick Thistle from Govan High School in 1947 and turned professional two years later, aged 17. He remained there until September 1959, when he joined Southern League team Headington United. That club changed its name to Oxford United the following summer. Mathers returned to Partick in December 1960, but did not make any more first team appearances for the club. He signed for East Stirlingshire in the summer of 1961 and retired after one season there.

Mathers played once for Scotland, against Finland in what was their final preparation match before the 1954 FIFA World Cup finals. Although named in Scotland's 22-man squad for Switzerland, Scotland decided to take only 13 of the 22 to the finals. Mathers stayed at home on reserve, along with the likes of Bobby Combe and Jimmy Binning. Inside forward George Hamilton was also on reserve, but travelled after Bobby Johnstone withdrew through injury. Mathers also represented the Scottish League once, in 1956.

References

External links

1931 births
2014 deaths
Men's association football wing halves
Scottish men's footballers
Scotland men's international footballers
1954 FIFA World Cup players
Partick Thistle F.C. players
Oxford United F.C. players
East Stirlingshire F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
Scottish Football League representative players
Footballers from Glasgow


Coronado's Children (1930) was the second book written by J. Frank Dobie, published by The Southwest Press in 1930. It deals with lore of lost mines and lost treasures in the Southwestern United States, for the most part in Texas.

The Spanish explorer Francisco Vásquez de Coronado quested for the fabled Seven Cities of Gold in the 16th century. Dobie thought that recent searchers for lost mines and lost treasure in the Western United States were the spiritual heirs of Coronado, hence the name of the book, "Coronado's Children."

See also
Lost mines
Buried treasure

References

1930 non-fiction books
Texas literature
Books about folklore


Secrets in a Weird World is the fifth full-length album by the German heavy metal band Rage. It was released in 1989. The album was remastered by Noise/Sanctuary in 2002 with slightly altered cover art, and five bonus tracks.

Track listing

Personnel
Band members
Peter "Peavy" Wagner – vocals, bass
Manni Schmidt – guitars
Chris Ephthimiadis – drums

Additional musicians
Gary Marlowe – keyboards

Production
Armin Sabol – producer, arrangements, mixing
Will Reid-Dick – engineer, mixing
Rage – arrangements
Karl-Ulrich Walterbach – executive producer

References

Rage (German band) albums
1989 albums
Noise Records albums


Samper may refer to:

Samper (surname)
Samper de Calanda, a town in the province of Teruel, Aragon
Samper del Salz, a town in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon


Lamoka may refer to:

 Lamoka site, historical landmark in New York state
 Lamoka Lake, formerly Mud Lake, lake in New York state


The Șar (also: Noroieni) is a left tributary of the river Egherul Mare in Romania. It flows into the Egherul Mare on the border with Hungary, near the village Pelișor. Its length is  and its basin size is .

References

Rivers of Romania
Rivers of Satu Mare County


Falkenstein Castle () is a ruined castle located near Dettingen am Albuch, a borough of Gerstetten, in Heidenheim district of Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The castle is one of at least 16 castles known as Falkenstein in Germany, and is therefore called Falkenstein (Gerstetten) to clarify which castle is meant. The ruins of the castle are open to the public and require a walk of less than an hour to visit.

History
The castle is first mentioned around 1150. Originally built for the von Falkenstein family, it was acquired by the von Faimingen family and the Counts von Helfenstein in the 12th century. The castle was expanded from 1430 until 1450. It was destroyed in 1634, partially demolished in 1740 and further demolished in 1818.

See also
List of castles in Baden-Württemberg

References

 Günter Schmitt: Burgenführer Schwäbische Alb. Band 6 – Ostalb. Wandern und entdecken zwischen Ulm, Aalen und Donauwörth. Verlag Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei. Biberach 1995

Ruined castles in Germany
Buildings and structures demolished in 1818
Demolished buildings and structures in Germany


Antonio Gustavo Menéndez Remon (born February 20, 1965 in Havana, Cuba) is a retired Major League Baseball pitcher. He played during two seasons at the major league level for the Cincinnati Reds, Pittsburgh Pirates, and San Francisco Giants. He was drafted by the Chicago White Sox in the 1st round (20th pick) of the 1984 amateur draft. Menéndez played his first professional season with their Rookie league Gulf Coast White Sox in , and his last with San Francisco's Triple-A Phoenix Firebirds in .

Sources

1965 births
Living people
Cincinnati Reds players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
San Francisco Giants players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Major League Baseball players from Cuba
Cuban expatriate baseball players in the United States
Gulf Coast White Sox players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Appleton Foxes players
Peninsula White Sox players
Birmingham Barons players
Oklahoma City 89ers players
Vancouver Canadians players
Tulsa Drillers players
Nashville Sounds players
Phoenix Firebirds players
Diablos Rojos del México players
Cuban expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Cuban expatriate baseball players in Canada
American Senior High School (Miami-Dade County, Florida) alumni


Florida v. Rodriguez, 469 U.S. 1 (1984), was a United States Supreme Court case concerning the Fourth Amendment rights of protection from search and seizure. The case involved defendant Damasco Vincente Rodriguez against the State of Florida. After the Florida State Court and the District Court of Appeal of Florida both judged in favor of the defendant, the State of Florida appealed for a writ of Certiorari. The Supreme Court sided with the State of Florida, overturning the decision of the Florida state courts.

Background

Facts
The arrest occurred on September 12, 1978 in the Miami international Airport. The two police officers involved in the arrest were Officer Charles McGee and Detective Facchiano. The two officers were working undercover, specialized in narcotics and were experienced in narcotic surveillance. The incident started when the two detectives spotted Rodriguez with two companions acting suspiciously. His two companions were later identified as Blanco and Ramirez from their plane tickets. According to the officers, they first spotted Rodriguez and his two associates at the ticket counter at the airport. After seeing the three whisper to each other, the officers decided to follow them and investigate their suspicious activity. The three cohorts noticed the officers following them on their way up an escalator and were seen exchanging nervous glances and finally saying “Let’s get out of here”. Officer McGee who became the primary witness on this case stated that he saw Rodriguez's legs start “pumping up and down very fast... as if the person were running in place”. Taking this action as an attempt to flee, the two detectives confronted the three suspects. The two undercover narcotics agents then announced to the three that they were police. Upon asking Rodriguez if he had any identification he stated that he did not, however Blanco eventually provided three airplane tickets showing their names. To further add to suspicion of the officers, when Officer McGee asked which one of them was Rodriguez both Rodriguez and Blanco stated they were him. Based on these suspicious actions, Officer McGee asked if he could search the suit bag. Rodriguez was reluctant at first stating that he did not have the key; however, his partner Ramirez told Rodriguez he should let them search the bag. Rodriguez then gave the bag to the officers who upon opening it discovered three bags of cocaine. Rodriguez, Blanco and Ramirez were then detained for possession of cocaine and intention to distribute.

Florida courts
Unlike his other two companions, Rodriguez decided to fight his case and claimed that his Fourth Amendment rights had been violated. Upon hearing Officer McGee's testimony, the Florida trial court sided with Rodriguez and suppressed the evidence found on him in May 1979. The court reasoned that the officers did not have sufficient reason to stop Rodriguez and had not informed Rodriguez that he had the right to leave and refuse the search and seizure of his luggage. The case was then brought to the Florida Court of Appeal which in November 15, 1983 affirmed the previous decision. The Florida Attorney General then petitioned a writ of certiorari and appealed the case to the Supreme Court.

Opinion
On November 13, 1984, the Supreme Court of the United States decided in favor of the State of Florida in a per curiam opinion. Chief Justice Burger and Justices White, Blackmun, Powell, Rehnquist and O'Connor comprised the majority while dissenting opinions were written by Justices Marhsall and Stevens, the latter joined by Justice Brennan. The majority opinion cited United States v. Mendenhall (1980) and Florida v. Royer (1983), which stated that officers of the law can stop people in airports without probable cause and have the right to search if they received voluntary consent. The two previous trials stated that there was no probable cause, however, officers only need "articulable suspicion" in airports to stop potential suspects. The justices deemed that the two officers did indeed have sufficient suspicion to stop and question the three men. The Court also cited Schneckloth v. Bustamonte (1973), which states that a suspect does not have to be informed that they have the right to leave or deny being searched before officers of the law ask for consent to search their belongings.

Dissent
The dissenters believed that the Supreme Court should not be responsible for correcting errors of judges of state tribunals, especially ones involving drug smuggling. In addition, they believed that the original trial court ruling in 1979 was acceptable at the time since two of the cited cases used to justify the majority opinion had not yet been decided. However, they agreed with the majority that the Florida Court of Appeal should have ruled in favor of the prosecution since the verdict was reached in 1983 after all of the cited cases occurred.

References

External links
 Search and seizure cases
 Florida v. Rodriguez On Petition For Writ of  Ceritiorari to the District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District

United States Supreme Court cases
United States Fourth Amendment case law
United States controlled substances case law
1984 in United States case law
Legal history of Florida
United States Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court


Reflections of a Shadow is the sixth full-length album by the German heavy metal band Rage. It was released in 1990. The album was remastered by Noise/Sanctuary in 2002 with slightly altered cover art, and five bonus tracks, largely taken from the EP Extended Power.

Track listing

Personnel
Band members
Peter "Peavy" Wagner – lead and backing vocals, bass, classical guitar
Manni Schmidt – electric and acoustic guitars, backing vocals
Chris Ephthimiadis – drums

Additional musicians
Ulli Köllner – keyboards, organ, backing vocals

Production
Armin Sabol – producer, mixing at Sky Track Studios, Berlin
Sven Conquest – engineer, mixing
Ralf Krause – mixing
Karl-Ulrich Walterbach – executive producer
Peter Lohde – artwork
John Scarpati – illustration

References

1990 albums
Rage (German band) albums
Noise Records albums


Alexander Wilson (29 October 1933 – 29 July 2010) was a Scottish footballer who played as a defender (left or right full-back), mainly for Portsmouth.

Career
Having signed for his local junior club Buckie Rovers (based in Banffshire, north-eastern Scotland), Wilson joined Portsmouth on leaving school in 1949 – the local Highland Football League club Buckie Thistle, just missed out on signing him. He turned professional with Portsmouth the following year, and played there for 18 years, winning a Division Three championship in 1961–62. In 1967, he moved to Chelmsford City for a short spell and also played for Waterlooville before retiring.

He won his only cap for Scotland in their last preparation match for the 1954 FIFA World Cup Finals against Finland, this coming after just 25 league matches. Although named in Scotland's 22 man squad for Switzerland, Scotland decided to take only 13 of the 22 to the finals. Wilson stayed at home on reserve with the likes of Bobby Combe and Jimmy Binning. Inside forward George Hamilton was also on reserve but traveled after Bobby Johnstone withdrew through injury.

References

External links

1933 births
2010 deaths
Men's association football fullbacks
Scottish men's footballers
Scotland men's international footballers
1954 FIFA World Cup players
Buckie Rovers F.C. players
Portsmouth F.C. players
Chelmsford City F.C. players
Waterlooville F.C. players
People from Buckie
Scottish Junior Football Association players
English Football League players
Sportspeople from Moray


Anderson Aparecido Salles (born 16 February 1988, in Araçariguama, São Paulo) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Liga 1 club Bhayangkara.

He made his professional debut for Santos in the São Paulo State Championship against Palmeiras on January 20, 2008.

Honours

Club
Ituano
 Campeonato Paulista: 2014
 Vasco da Gama
 Campeonato Carioca de Futebol: 2015
 Goiás
 Campeonato Goiano: 2016

Individual
 Liga 1 Team of the Season: 2019 (Substitutes)
 APPI Indonesian Football Award Best 11: 2021–22
 APPI Indonesian Football Award Best Defender: 2021–22

References

External links

  santos.globo.com

1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from São Paulo
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Footballers from São Paulo (state)
Men's association football central defenders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Santos FC players
Clube Atlético Bragantino players
Ituano FC players
Grêmio Barueri Futebol players
CR Vasco da Gama players
Goiás Esporte Clube players
Paraná Clube players
Santa Cruz Futebol Clube players
Grêmio Novorizontino players
Esporte Clube São Bento players
Associação Ferroviária de Esportes players
Bhayangkara Presisi Indonesia F.C. players
Liga 1 (Indonesia) players
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Indonesia
Expatriate men's footballers in Indonesia


Monogram Biosciences Inc. (formerly ViroLogic Inc.), a wholly owned subsidiary of LabCorp, is an international biotechnology laboratory located in South San Francisco, California, USA.  Monogram develops and markets assays to help guide and improve the treatment of infectious diseases (including HIV and Hepatitis) and cancer.

Virologic was founded in 1996 by Daniel Capon, Ph.D., Martin Goldstein and Robert S. Capon. The company went public (NASDAQ: VLGC) in 2000.

Monogram was acquired by Laboratory Corporation of America in June 2009.

References

External links

 Baseline HIV Type 1 Coreceptor Tropism Predicts Disease Progression
 Four Studies Affirm Significance Of Monogram's Trofile(TM) HIV Co-Receptor Tropism Assay
  Accuracy of Monogram's Trofile Assay in Determining Tropism and New Tropism Assays in Development
 Trofile Bests SensiTrop as Most Reliable Tropism Test
 Monogram Biosciences teams up with Pfizer for HIV treatment
 Monogram Biosciences Launches New "Trofile" HIV Co-receptor Tropism Test to Select Patients Eligible to User CCR5 Antagonist Maraviroc (Selzentry)

Biotechnology companies of the United States
Biotechnology companies established in 1996
Health care companies based in California
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Companies based in San Mateo County, California
South San Francisco, California
2000 initial public offerings
2009 mergers and acquisitions


Isostar is a sports drink sold in Europe. It is similar to Gatorade and Powerade in that it hydrates and provides energy through glucose. Isostar was first created in Switzerland in 1977.

Products

Isostar is sold in many different varieties. The basic drink variety is generally sold in local shops and gymnasium vending machines. Also sold are "Power Tabs", a tablet form of the drink. In addition to this, powdered versions of the drink are sold, usually to be dissolved in water. Power bars and Protein bars are also sold under the Isostar brand.

Ingredients

Water, carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose syrup dehydrated DE47, maltodextrin DE19), acidity regulator: citric acid, sodium citrate, natural flavoring, calcium phosphate, magnesium carbonate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, antioxidant: ascorbic acid, emulsifier: modified corn starch, coconut oil, vitamin B1.

References

External links

 Isostar.com

Sports drinks
Products introduced in 1977


The Canton of Saint-Savinien is a former canton of the Charente-Maritime département, in France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 11 communes, which joined the canton of Saint-Jean-d'Angély in 2015. It had 7,511 inhabitants (2012). Its postal codes were 17350, 17380 and 17430. The lowest point is the river Charente near Bords (3 m), the highest point is near Fenioux (102 m). The canton seat was Saint-Savinien.

Communes

The canton comprised the following communes:

Annepont
Archingeay
Bords
Champdolent
Fenioux
Grandjean
Le Mung
Les Nouillers
Saint-Savinien
Taillant
Taillebourg

Population history

See also
 Cantons of the Charente-Maritime department

References

Saint-Savinien
2015 disestablishments in France
States and territories disestablished in 2015


Anna ("An") Rutgers van der Loeff-Basenau (1910–1990) was a Dutch writer of children's novels.

Biography
Van der Loeff was born in Amsterdam on March 15, 1910, the eldest daughter of bacteriologist Jacob Basenau and  writer-translator Nora Goemans. She attended Barlaeus Gymnasium in Amsterdam, and went to study classical languages at the Municipal University of Amsterdam (now the University of Amsterdam). After her father's suicide in 1929, she gave up her studies to do translation work and teach with her mother. In 1934 she married her childhood friend and fellow student Michaël Rutgers van der Loeff, a member of the prominent Van der Loeff family. The couple had two daughters and two sons.

In 1941 van der Loeff, together with her mother, published her first book Het oude huis en wij (The Old House and We), a biography of her mother. Her breakthrough came with De kinderkaravaan (published in English as Children on the Oregon Trail), a young adult novel published in 1949. She also had success with Lawines razen  (Avalanche!) in 1954, of which a multi-part radio play was broadcast by the Dutch radio station NCRV. Possibly her most popular novel was the 1963 Children on the Oregon Trail (De Kinderkaravaan), an account of a family of children traveling with a pioneer caravan to Oregon in the mid-19th century, loosely based on the real incident of the Sager orphans. Another popular novel was Avalanche! (1958), a story of a group of children from an orphanage caught up in heavy snowfall in Switzerland.

Other works in English include (with publication date of English translation):
 They're drowning our Village (1959)
 Rossie (1964)
 Vassilis on the Run (1965)
 Great day in Holland: the skating race (1965)
 Everybody's Land (1967)
 Flight from the Polar Night (1968)
 Steffos and his Easter lamb (1969)

She is best known as a writer of children's and young adult books, but also wrote eight novels for adults. She did not shy away from controversial topics in her children's books and consciously strove to make her readers think. She often tried to bridge differences between people and cultures by removing misunderstandings and developing an understanding for others.

Her work is also characterized by thorough preparation (she often traveled to do research), as well as realism, involvement with the characters, and versatility. She did not limit herself to one genre, but wrote historical stories, psychological novels and thrillers.

Her work has been translated into numerous languages.

Van der Loeff died on August 19, 1990, in Laren, North Holland.

Awards and honours
In 1967 she won the Staatsprijs voor kinder- en jeugdliteratuur literary award. She won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis in 1957 and 1977.  Her work has also received many awards, including the Dutch State Prize for children's and youth literature (Staatsprijs voor kinder- en jeugdliteratuur,), the Austrian State Prize for youth literature and the German Youth Book Prize.

In 1976 she was appointed Knight in the Order of Order of Orange-Nassau for her contribution to Dutch children's literature.

References

External links
brief biography

1910 births
1990 deaths
20th-century Dutch women writers
20th-century Dutch writers
Dutch children's writers
Writers from Amsterdam
Dutch women children's writers


Stephen Wayne Mintz (born November 24, 1968) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and manager. Mintz played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Francisco Giants and the Anaheim Angels.

Career

Playing career
Mintz was drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 17th round of the 1990 amateur draft. He played his first professional season with the Dodgers' Class A (short season) Yakima Bears in 1990, then played two more seasons in their organization and was released before the 1993 season.

He was picked up by the Boston Red Sox, playing one season in their farm system, then signed with the San Francisco Giants on December 15, 1993, making his major league debut for the Giants on May 18, 1995. In 14 appearances with San Francisco that season, he was 1-2 with a 7.45 earned run average.

After four seasons in the Milwaukee Brewers, San Diego Padres and Pittsburgh Pirates organizations, he made three appearances with the Anaheim Angels during the 1999 season. He ended his career with Anaheim's Triple-A farm club, the Salt Lake Stingers, in 2001.

Coaching career
Retiring as an active player midway through the 2001 season, he spent the second half of the season as pitching coach for the Angels' short-season minor league teams. He then moved to the Twins' organization, and coached for the Gulf Coast League Twins from 2002 through 2005. He was then promoted to pitching coach for the Midwest League Beloit Snappers. After two seasons there, he went on to coach for the Double-A New Britain Rock Cats. In 2009, he replaced Eric Rasmussen as pitching coach of the Twins' Florida State League advanced A affiliate, the Fort Myers Miracle, a position he continued to hold as of the end of the 2011 season.

Mintz moved to the Texas Rangers organization beginning in 2013, serving as pitching coach for the Myrtle Beach Pelicans. After two seasons, he was promoted to pitching coach for the High Desert Mavericks for the 2015 season. In 2016, Mintz was again promoted to manage the Class A Hickory Crawdads of the South Atlantic League. However, he was not brought for a second season, and returned as a pitching coach for the Class A-Advanced Down East Wood Ducks in 2017. He served in that role for the 2017, 2018 and, 2019 seasons, and was slated to do the same for the 2020 season before it was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, Mintz was promoted to manager of the Wood Ducks.

During the 2015-16 season, Mintz was the manager of the Australian Baseball League's Adelaide Bite, leading them to a 30-26 record and a spot in the league's Championship Series.

Mintz served as manager of the Auckland Tuatara for their 2018-19 inaugural season in the Australian Baseball League, and returned for the 2019-2020 season.

References

External links

1968 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Anaheim Angels players
Auckland Tuatara
Bakersfield Dodgers players
Baseball coaches from North Carolina
Baseball players from Wilmington, North Carolina
Edmonton Trappers players
Erie SeaWolves players
Las Vegas Stars (baseball) players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Minor league baseball coaches
Mount Olive Trojans baseball players
Nashville Sounds players
New Britain Red Sox players
Pacific Coast League MVP award winners
Phoenix Firebirds players
Salt Lake Stingers players
San Francisco Giants players
Shreveport Captains players
Vero Beach Dodgers players
Yakima Bears players
American expatriate baseball players in Australia
Adelaide Giants players
American expatriate sportspeople in New Zealand


Angerton is a village in the civil parish of Holme East Waver in Cumbria, United Kingdom.

See also

Listed buildings in Holme East Waver

References

Villages in Cumbria
Cumberland (unitary authority)


Renny Pritikin (born c. 1948) is an American curator, museum professional, writer, poet, and educator. He was the chief curator of San Francisco's Contemporary Jewish Museum from 2014 to 2018. He was Director of the Richard L. Nelson Gallery and the Fine Arts Collection at the University of California, Davis from 2004 to 2012.

Early life and education
Renny Pritikin was born in Brooklyn, New York to a nonreligious Jewish family. Pritikin holds a BA degree from The New School for Social Research in New York. He continued his studies and holds a master's degree in interdisciplinary art from San Francisco State University, where he studied under Jock Reynolds.

Career
Pritikin has curated numerous exhibitions, and has authored catalogue essays and articles. Some of his projects include: Alan Rath: Robot Dance and Other Sculpture; Bay Area Now, a regional survey; Fred Tomaselli: The Urge to be Transported; Eight from South Africa; The Art of Star Wars; Hall of Fame Hall of Fame; Don Ed Hardy at the Cuenca Bienal; and You See.

From 1979 to 1992 he served as executive director of New Langton Arts in San Francisco, an alternative space internationally renowned for its presentations of new visual art, interdisciplinary performance, video, literature and music.

Pritikin worked at Yerba Buena Center for the Arts from 1992 to 2004; he served as the director of the visual arts program from 1992 to 1997, followed by chief curator for all artistic programs (film/video, visual art, performing arts, education) from 1997 to 2004.

Pritikin has been a frequent consultant for the National Endowment for the Arts and the California Arts Council, and was a founder of the National Association of Artists Organizations, and has also served on their board of directors. As a writer he received the 1989 McCarron Fellowship for art criticism, and has had four chapbooks of his poetry published, A Quiet in Front of the Best Western, (Museum Quality Press, 2014); How We Talk (Collective Foundation POD Press, 2007), All These Trees (e.g. Press, Oakland, 1985) and Fourth Gear City Limits (Two Windows Press, Berkeley, 1976). He was a contributing writer for Art Practical from 2009 until 2014.

He was the chief curator of San Francisco's Contemporary Jewish Museum from 2014 to 2018.

In 1995, he received a United States Information Agency fellowship to tour and lecture in Japan and the Koret Israel Prize, a fellowship to visit Israel. In 1999 he travelled to Taiwan as a juror for the Ninth Annual International Print and Drawing Biennale at the Taipei Fine Arts Museum. In 2001 he was the curator chosen to represent the United States at the Cuenca (Ecuador) Bienal, and in 2003 he lectured in three cities in New Zealand as a Fulbright Fellow.

In addition to the California College of the Arts, he has taught art administration and artist professional skills training at San Francisco State University, and Golden Gate University.

Publications
 Fourth Gear City Limits (Two Windows Press, Berkeley, 1976)
 All These Trees (e.g. Press, Oakland, 1985)
 How We Talk (Collective Foundation POD Press, 2007)
 A Quiet in Front of the Best Western, (Museum Quality Press, 2014)

References

External links
 Richard L. Nelson Gallery and the Fine Arts Collection
 CCA Curatorial Practice Program
 Interview by Joseph del Pesco for Proximity Magazine
 Archive of reviews for Art Practical

Living people
American art curators
American contemporary art
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of California, Davis faculty
San Francisco State University alumni
Golden Gate University faculty


Arthur-Lucien Beaubien (February 11, 1879 – March 21, 1971) was a Canadian politician and farmer.

Born in Arthabaska, Quebec, he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1921 election as a member of the Progressive Party to represent the riding or electoral district of Provencher. He was re-elected in 1925, and in 1926 (by acclamation) and 1930 as a Liberal Progressive. He was then re-elected in 1935 as he switched to the Liberal Party.

In 1940, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada upon the advice of Mackenzie King to the senate division of Provencher, Manitoba. He was made Government Whip in the Senate in 1951 until 1957. He became the Senate Opposition Whip in 1958 until 1962 then served another term as Senate Government Whip from 1964 to 1969.

Beaubien also served on various standing committees. He was chair of the Special Committee on the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission during the 18th Parliament. He sat on the Standing Joint Committee on the Parliamentary Restaurant, during the 18th Parliament as well as numerous Senate committees. Prior to his federal political experience, he was reeve of Montcalm, Manitoba in 1921.

Electoral history

References

1879 births
1971 deaths
Canadian senators from Manitoba
Liberal Party of Canada senators
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Liberal-Progressive MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Manitoba
Progressive Party of Canada MPs


Filipi de Souza Barros (born 27 July 1987), known as Filipi Souza or simply Filipi, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a right back for Coimbra.

Club career
Born in Campinas, São Paulo, Filipi graduated from Santos' youth setup. He made his first team debut on 16 January 2008, starting in a 0–2 away loss against Portuguesa for the Campeonato Paulista championship.

Filipi made his Série A debut on 11 May, starting in a 1–3 away loss against Flamengo. It was his maiden appearance of the campaign, being a third-choice behind Apodi and Fabiano.

Filipi subsequently spent the rest of his Santos career out on loan, representing Oeste, Uberaba, and Grêmio Osasco and SEV Hortolândia before being released in December 2010.

On 19 December 2011, after a year playing for Sport Barueri, Filipi joined Marcílio Dias. After appearing rarely he moved to Resende in January 2013.

Filipi was offered to Vasco da Gama in April, but moved to Greek Football League side Glyfada on 2 September 2013. He appeared sparingly with the side, and subsequently returned to his homeland on 20 January 2014, after agreeing to a short-term deal with Cabofriense.

On 5 January 2015 Filipi signed for Portuguesa, freshly relegated to Série C.

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Campinas
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série D players
Santos FC players
Oeste Futebol Clube players
Uberaba Sport Club players
Sport Club Barueri players
Clube Náutico Marcílio Dias players
Resende FC players
Associação Desportiva Cabofriense players
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos players
São Carlos Futebol Clube players
ABC Futebol Clube players
Toledo Esporte Clube players
Associação Atlética Caldense players
Coimbra Sports players
Football League (Greece) players
A.O. Glyfada players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece


The following is a list of characters that appear in the Canadian drama television series The Border.

Main characters

Immigration and Customs Security
Immigration and Custom Security (ICS) is a fictional federal agency established by the Government of Canada to deal with trans-border issues in criminal and terrorist cases, based at the former Rochester ferry terminal in Toronto. It is implied that Public Safety Canada has ICS under its subordination.

ICS is an armed federal agency, similar to most Canadian law enforcement agencies like the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. As such, ICS personnel are equipped with small arms such as handguns. Other small arms such as shotguns and submachine guns are readily available when needed according to the situation.

Department of Homeland Security

Recurring characters

Canadian Government

Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service (MI6)

Civilians

References

External links

Border
Border


Walesby is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 249.   It lies in the Lincolnshire Wolds,  north-east from Market Rasen and  south from Caistor. Tealby parish lies to the south-east. The parish covers about  and includes the hamlets of Risby and Otby.

The name 'Walesby' is thought to mean 'farm/settlement of Valr' or another suggestion is 'farm/settlement of the Britons'.

St Mary's is an Arts and Crafts style Church designed by the architect Temple Moore in 1913.
The church was shut after the 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake when a large crack appeared in the tower and masonry fell inside the church.  St Mary's was also damaged in the 1930s when a hurricane dislodged its 'candle snuffer' spire resulting in its eventual removal.

In the 1930s an earlier church, All Saints', was renovated after it fell into disuse. Now known as the "Ramblers Church" it features a 1951 stained glass window detailing walkers and cyclists. The Viking Way passes close to All Saints.

References

External links

Villages in Lincolnshire
Civil parishes in Lincolnshire
West Lindsey District


"Techno Cumbia"  is a song recorded by American singer Selena for her fourth studio album, Amor Prohibido (1994). It was posthumously released as the b-side track to "Dreaming of You" through EMI Latin on August 14, 1995. Techno Cumbia would be put on her fifth and final studio album Dreaming of You (1995) and would be the fourth single for Dreaming Of You.  "Techno Cumbia" was written by Pete Astudillo and co-written and produced by Selena's brother-producer A.B. Quintanilla. The song is a dance-pop and tecnocumbia recording with influences of dancehall, rap, Latin dance, and club music. Lyrically, Selena calls on people to dance her new style the "techno cumbia" and calls out those who cannot dance.

"Techno Cumbia" garnered acclaim from music critics, who believed it to be one of the better recordings found on Amor Prohibido. Musicologists believed "Techno Cumbia" predated the Latin urban music market and found that Selena spearheaded a new style of music. The song posthumously peaked at number four on the United States Billboard Hot Latin Songs and Regional Mexican Airplay charts. The recording received the Tejano Music Award for Tejano Crossover Song of the Year in 1995 and received nominations for Single of the Year at the Broadcast Music Inc.'s pop awards and Music Video of the Year at the 1996 Tejano Music Awards.

Background and release
"Techno Cumbia" was written by Selena y Los Dinos backup dancer and vocalist Pete Astudillo and Selena's brother A.B. Quintanilla who also arranged the piece and served as producer. In 2002, A.B. spoke on how Amor Prohibido (1994) was experimental and commented on how "Techno Cumbia" was an example of his ideas of keeping the band's image modern. During the recording sessions, Selena added rap verses to the song; A.B. believed it to be first of its kind for the genre. Selena was shot and killed by Yolanda Saldívar, her friend and former manager of the singer's Selena Etc. clothing boutiques, on March 31, 1995. The song was included on the track listing of the posthumously released album Dreaming of You (1995). A.B. flew to Manhattan to meet up with R&B group Full Force who remixed "Techno Cumbia" along with updating their remix version of Selena's 1992 song "Missing My Baby". San Antonio Express-News writer and Billboard Latin music correspondent, Ramiro Burr believed the addition of "Techno Cumbia" were "remastered, injecting extra percussions to spice them up." The album's remix version and radio edit of "Techno Cumbia" was released as the b-side track to the lead single "Dreaming of You".

Composition

"Techno Cumbia" is a Spanish-language uptempo techno-pop cumbia song. It draws influences from Latin dance, dancehall, rap, and club music. Musicologists Ilan Stavans and Harold Augenbraum called it a hip-hop fusion song. Billboard magazine Latin music correspondent, John Lannert wrote the liner notes of Dreaming of You and called "Techno Cumbia" a "dancehall thumper". Musicologist James Perone found the recording to be the "richest track" off of Amor Prohibido because of its "rhythmic and textural contrast". Perone compared it to the '90s American dance music scene and commented on how the "techno aspect of the piece is muted; however, Selena's voice is electronically processed for part of the recording." "Techno Cumbia" incorporates "rhythmic shifts from accentuation on off-beats to accentuation on the beat". The "hey, ho" is a reference to American soul singer Ray Charles' call and response 1950s single "What'd I Say", used under a "Latin-style drumbeat".

Texas Monthly editor, Joe Nick Patoski believed "Techno Cumbia" contained the "most popular rhythm [at the time] coursing through the Latin music world". Patoski further wrote that the track "honored" it by "updating it with vocal samples, second line drumming from New Orleans, and horn charts inspired by soca from the Caribbean." This was echoed by word for word from author Deborah Paredez on her book on Selena's fandom. Patoski further wrote that the remix version "may have been laced with such exotica as a reggae toastmaster talking over a teeth-rattling bass line", and called it an "electronic mishmash", and a "pan-Caribbean attack that included soca and Hi Life from the Trinidad". Written in the key of G minor, the beat is set in common time and moves at a moderate 91 beats per minute. The remix version on Dreaming of You has a key signature set in C minor and moves at a moderate 90 bpm. The remix employs a piano, güira, tambourine, French horn and drums. Lyrically, Selena calls on people to dance her new style the "techno cumbia" dance and "humorously" calls out people who cannot dance cumbia. Italian essayists Gaetano Prampolini and Annamaria Pinazzi described the lyrics of "Techno Cumbia" that "summons everyone to the dance floor". Patoski found it to resemble the "nonsensical novelty" song by Shirley Ellis' 1964 single "The Name Game".

Critical reception and chart performance
Because of its mixture of different cultural music genres, "Techno Cumbia" reminded authors Sara Misemer and Walter Clark of Chicano performance artist Guillermo Gómez-Peña's suggestion that "cultures are being superimposed". According to Ed Morales who wrote in his book The Latin Beat, "Techno Cumbia" is easily "forgettable throwaways" among the average listener, but found the recording "catchy" and "sticks in your gut". Author Michael Corcoran wrote in his music guide on Texan music that "Techno Cumbia" has "Michael Jackson-like trills". Patoski believed "Techno Cumbia" was aimed towards the Spanish international market, calling it "the most compelling tune". Author Norma Elia Cantú called "Techno Cumbia", "La Tracalera" (1990), and "La Carcacha" (1992) the "auditory of Tejano music". Morales believed the song "may have been an indirect influence on the fin de siècle collective of disc jockeys from the borderlands around Tijuana called Nortec". Stavans and Augenbraum called "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom", "No Me Queda Más", and "Techno Cumbia" to have been the "key hits of [Amor Prohibido]". Lannert wrote in the Dreaming of You liner notes that Selena "amazingly and quickly reverses field [from the previous track "Tú Sólo Tú"] to reveal a playful cooing growl".

"Techno Cumbia" debuted at number 13 on the United States Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart on October 7, 1995. In its second week the song rose to number nine, receiving airplay honors that week. On October 21, 1995, "Techno Cumbia" jumped to number five and subsequently debuted at number seven on the U.S. Regional Mexican Airplay chart. The following week the recording gained more airplay spins at radios, however it remained at number five on the Hot Latin Tracks chart while the song moved to number six on the Regional Mexican Airplay chart. On November 4, 1995, "Techno Cumbia" reached its peak at number four on the Hot Latin Tracks chart. In the issue dated November 11, 1995, "Techno Cumbia" received increased airplay spins from the previous tracking week and peaked at number four on the Regional Mexican Airplay chart.

Cultural impact and legacy
"Techno Cumbia" is believed by musicologist to have predated the Latin urban music genre—which became one of the most popular subgenres of Latin music in the 2000s decade—and to have spearheaded a new style of music. During a 2002 interview, Astudillo spoke on how the success of "Techno Cumbia" and its cultural impact on Latin music "has set a new trend". He further said that at the time of recording the song, he didn't envision the track to be as successful or impactful as it has been. Following Selena's death, A.B. formed his own group the Kumbia Kings and released "Boom Boom" from his album Shhh! (2001); believed by Billboard to be the direct "descendants of Techno Cumbia". Author Charles Tatum, found "Techno Cumbia" along with Selena's 1992 single "La Caracaha" and "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom" to have revolutionized the Tejano cumbia music scene. Music analyst Guadalupe San Miguel wrote that "Techno Cumbia", "Como la Flor" (1992), and "La Carcacha" were Selena's "biggest cumbia hits". Selena popularized the technocumbia genre during her career. Vibe magazine reported that Full Force was awarded gold and platinum discs for Selena's 1992 song "Missing My Baby" and "Techno Cumbia". The song was included on Selena's 2002 posthumous compilation Ones (album)

The music video of "Techno Cumbia" was released posthumously and used the remix version found on Dreaming of You. The video was choreographed by Kenny Ortega, who later choreographed the music video of Selena's posthumously released "A Boy Like That" single in 1996. The music video featured live performances of Selena singing the song at the Houston Astrodome concert on February 26, 1995, outtakes from her music video for "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom", and performances of the singer during her tour for Amor Prohibido (1994–95). Cecilia Miniucchi served as the director of the video and found the project to be rather challenging to do. "Techno Cumbia" was awarded the Tejano Music Award for Tejano Crossover Song of the Year in 1995. During the awards ceremony, presenter Raul Yzaguirre mistakenly read the Tejano Crossover Song of the Year award as being Shelly Lares. The mistake was corrected during the awards "lengthy break" and Lares gave the award to Selena who was seen in tears and refused to accept the award from Lares, despite Jose Behar (president of EMI Latin) urging the singer to do so. The song was nominated for Music Video of the Year at the 1996 Tejano Music Awards, and Song of the Year at the 1997 Broadcast Music Inc.'s pop awards. Mexican group Liberación recorded the song for the tribute album Mexico Recuerda a Selena (2005). AllMusic's Alex Henderson commented on how Liberación gave "Techno Cumbia" a "grupero treatment". Mexican group Banda El Recodo performed and recorded the track for the live televised tribute concert Selena ¡VIVE! in April 2005."

Charts

Certifications

Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from Dreaming of You liner notes.

Selena – vocals
James Echavarria – vocals
Pete Astudillo – writer
Ricky Vela – keyboards
Joe Ojeda – keyboards

Chris Pérez – guitar
Suzette Quintanilla – drums
A.B. Quintanilla – co-writer, bass, arranger, producer, vocals
Art Meza – percussions

See also

Latin music in the United States
1995 in Latin music

Notes

References

Sources

 - Read online, registration required

External links
Official Selena Website

1994 songs
1995 singles
Selena songs
Dancehall songs
Techno songs
American hip hop songs
Spanish-language songs
Songs written by A. B. Quintanilla
Songs written by Pete Astudillo
Song recordings produced by A. B. Quintanilla
EMI Latin singles


The WeatherTech 240, also previously known as the Paul Revere 250, was a sports car race held on the road course at Daytona International Speedway on or around Independence Day, the same weekend of the NASCAR Cup Series' Firecracker 400. It has been held off-and-on over the history of that event, either the same night, or a couple days before. Traditionally, the race was held late at night, and finished in the early morning hours of the next day. The theme of the race was based on the famous "Midnight Ride" of Revolutionary War patriot Paul Revere.

From 1967 to 1968, the race was sanctioned by the SCCA. From 1969 to 1972, it was held as part of the NASCAR Grand American tour. Starting in 1973, it became part of the IMSA circuit, and continued through 1983. In some years, NASCAR drivers that raced in the Firecracker 400 in the morning, also took part in Paul Revere 250 that same night. In 1984, it switched to an SCCA Trans-Am event for one season. For 1985–1986, it was a motorcycle race, then it was discontinued.

In 2000, the event was revived by the Grand Am series. The tradition of starting late at night, however, was muted somewhat. The event was scheduled as a Thursday or Friday night event, held immediately following NASCAR pole qualifying and/or final practice. The start time would be roughly 10 p.m. eastern. Attendance for the weeknight races was very sparse. NASCAR's typical weeknight qualifying crowd is normally small, and most of those that were in attendance left as soon as qualifying was over. In 2009, the race was moved to Saturday afternoon as part of a Grand Am/NASCAR day-night doubleheader.

The race was removed from the schedule after 2010, and went on hiatus for a decade. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, IMSA reorganized their schedule. They announced they would be resuming their season at Daytona with an evening race on July 4, marking the return of summer sportscar racing at Daytona. The race was named the WeatherTech 240, with a duration of 2 hours and 40 minutes, and was to be held in front of a limited number of spectators.

Past winners

 Run in twin 22-lap heats.
 1986 motorcycle event was scheduled for July 3, but was rained out and rescheduled for October.

Double Duty
In the earlier years of the event, a number of NASCAR drivers who participated in the Firecracker 400 also drove in the Paul Revere 250 in the same day or same weekend. In recent years, some drivers have also dabbled in the "double duty." In 2009, Scott Speed and Kyle Busch raced in both events in the same day, teaming up at Chip Ganassi Racing for the '250.'

References

External links
Grand-Am race page
Ultimate Racing History: Daytona archive
Racing Sports Cars: Daytona archive

Motorsport in Daytona Beach, Florida
IMSA GT Championship races
Grand-Am races
Recurring sporting events established in 1967
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2009
1967 establishments in Florida
2009 disestablishments in Florida