The International Mathematical Contest in Modeling (ICM) is a multi-day mathematical modelling competition that has been held annually, during January or February since 1985.  It is administered  by COMAP and sponsored by AMS, MAA, SIAM and INFORMS. It is distinguished from other major mathematical competitions by its strong focus on modeling skills, mathematics, originality, teamwork, communication and justification of results. It runs concurrently with the Mathematical Contest in Modeling (MCM). ICM is one of the most prestigious mathematical competitions in the world. The financial support was initially provided by the U.S. Department of Education, with additional support from the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS).

2023 ICM Problem (D) Results

The Three Outstanding Winners of ICM (D) Problem are:

2300229- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China — Leonhard Euler Award

2303967- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China — AMS Award

2304962- China University of Petroleum, China — INFORMS Award

2310776- (Finalist) Pacific Lutheran University, WA, USA — MAA Award

2315321- (Finalist) National University of Defense Technology, China — SIAM Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM D RESULTS

2023 ICM Problem (E) Results

The Nine Outstanding Winners of ICM (E) Problem are:

307336- Wuhan University, China — AMS Award

2308000- China University of Geosciences Beijing, China — INFORMS Award

2312411- Chang'an University, China — Rachel Carson Award

2320131- Tianjin University, China — COMAP Scholarship Award & SIAM Award

2309766- (Finalist) Seattle Pacific University, WA, USA — MAA Award

2301428- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, China

2305598- Liaoning University, China

2314354- Southwest Jiaotong University, China

2314817- Sun Yat-Sen University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM E RESULTS(pdf)

2023 ICM Problem (F) Results

The Four Outstanding Winners of ICM (F) Problem are:

2305794- Beijing Institute of Technology, China — COMAP Scholarship Award & INFORMS Award

2311258- Xidian University, China — AMS Award

2311517- Renmin University of China, China — Vilfredo Pareto Award

2315018- Soochow University, China — SIAM Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM F  RESULTS(pdf)

2023 ICM Problem (Z) Results

The Three Outstanding Winners of ICM (Z) Problem are:

2330003- Xi'an Jiaotong University, China — Frank Giordano Award

2330610- University of Science and Technology of China, China — AMS Award

2330760- Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, China — COMAP Scholarship Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM Z RESULTS(pdf)

2022 ICM Problem (D) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:

Beijing Normal University, China — Leonhard Euler Award

Northeastern University(CN), China — AMS Award

Southwest  University, China — INFORMS Award

Nanjing Tech University, China — SIAM Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM D RESULTS

2022 ICM Problem (E) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the ICM (E) Problem are:

Dalian University of Technology, China — AMS Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

Hainan University, China — SIAM Award

Fuzhou University, China — INFORMS Award

Zhengzhou University, China — Rachel Carson Award

Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, China

Renmin University of China, China

South China University of Technology, China

South China Normal University, China

Tsinghua University, China

Tongji University, China

(Finalist) University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA — MAA Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM E RESULTS

2022 ICM Problem (F) Results

The SEVEN Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (F) Problem are:

Renmin University of China, China — SIAM Award

Wuhan University, China — AMS Award

University of International Business and Economics, China — Vilfredo Pareto Award

Renmin University of China, China — INFORMS Award

Wuhan University, China

Southwest Jiaotong University, China

South China Normal University, China

(Finalist) New York University, NY, USA  — MAA Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM F RESULTS

2021 ICM Problem (D) Results

The EIGHT Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:Fudan University, China — AMS Award

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China — INFORMS Award

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China — Leonhard Euler Award

Beijing Normal University, China

Northwestern Polytechnical University, China

Xidian University, China

China Agricultural University, China

The College of William & Mary, VA, USA — SIAM Award & MAA Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM D RESULTS2021

2021 ICM PROBLEM (E) RESULTS

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

Shenzhen University, China — AMS Award

Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, China — Rachel Carson Award

Northeastern University(CN), China — INFORMS Award

Nanjing Agricultural University, China — SIAM Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

Anhui University, China

(Finalist) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY, USA — MAA Award

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2021 ICM Problem (F) Results

The SIX Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (F) Problem are:

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China — INFORMS Award

China University of Petroleum (East China), China — Vilfredo Pareto Award

Renmin University, China — SIAM Award

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China — AMS Award

South China University of Technology, China

Xiamen University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM Problem F RESULTS

2020 ICM Problem (D) Results

The SEVEN Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:

Xidian University, China — INFORMS Award

The College of William & Mary, VA, USA — COMAP Scholarship Award & Leonhard Euler Award

Capital University of Economics and Business, China

Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, China

University of International Business and Economics, China

Xi'an Jiaotong University, China

New York University, NY, USA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE 2020 ICM PROBLEM (D) RESULTS

2020 ICM Problem (E) Results

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China — INFORMS Award

Brown University, RI, USA — Rachel Carson Award

Donghua University, China

Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, China

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China   THE COMPLETE 2020 ICM PROBLEM (E) RESULTS

2020 ICM Problem (F) Results

The SIX Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (F) Problem are:

Xi'an Jiaotong University, China — INFORMS Award

Xi'an Jiaotong University, China — COMAP Scholarship Award & Vilfredo Pareto Award

Beijing Forestry University, China

Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, China

Beijing Normal University, China

South China University of Technology, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE 2020 ICM PROBLEM F RESULTS

2019 ICM Problem (D) Results

The SEVEN Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:

Xi'an Jiaotong University, China — INFORMS Award

Duke University, NC, USA — Leonhard Euler Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

Nanjing University, China

Northeastern University (CN), China

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China

Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University, China

Seattle Pacific University, WA, USA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM D RESULTS

2019 ICM Problem (E) Results

The EIGHT Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

Central University of Finance and Economics, China

Chongqing University,  China

Lanzhou University of Technology,  China

Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,  China

Renmin University of China,  China

United States Military Academy,  NY, USA — Rachel Carson Award

University of Virginia,  VA, USA — INFORMS Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM (E) RESULTS
2018

2018 ICM Problem (D) Results

The SIX Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

XIDIAN UNIVERSITY, China — Leonhard Euler Award

Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, China — INFORMS Award

Beijing University of Technology, China

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

Tianjin Polytechnic University, China

Tsinghua University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (D) RESULTS

The SEVEN Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

Xi'an Jiaotong University,  China — Rachel Carson Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

Nanjing University, China

Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,  China

Shanghai Jiao Tong University,  China

Shenzhen University,  China

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,  China

Skidmore College,  NY, USA — INFORMS Award & COMAP Scholarship Award

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2018 ICM Problem (F) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (F) Problem are:

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China — INFORMS Award

Shanghai Jiaotong University, China — Vilfredo Pareto Award

Ludong University, China

Peking University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (F) RESULTS

2017 ICM Problem (D) Results

THE FIVE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:

Zhejiang University, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China — Leonhard Euler Award

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

NC School of Science and Mathematics, NC, USA

Brown University,  RI, USA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (D) RESULTS

2017 ICM Problem (E) Results

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

Anhui University, China —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

Nanjing University Of Aeronautics And Astronautics, China

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China

Harvey Mudd College, CA, USA

Humboldt State University,  CA, USA — Rachel Carson Award & Two Sigma Scholarship AwardDOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (E) RESULTS

2017 ICM Problem (F) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (F) Problem are:

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

NC School of Science and Mathematics, NC, USA —  Vilfredo Pareto Award

United States Military Academy, NY, USA

Harvard University,  MA, USA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (F) RESULTS

2016 ICM Problem (D) Results

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:

Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

Chongqing University,  China

Communication University of China, China

Northwestern Polytechnical University, China

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY, USA —  Leonhard Euler Award & Two Sigma Scholarship Award

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (D) RESULTS

2016 ICM Problem (E) Results

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (E) Problem are:

NC School of Science and Mathematics, NC, USA —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

United States Military Academy, NY, USA — Rachel Carson Award

Xiamen University, China

University of Colorado Denver, CO, USA

Brown University,  RI , USA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (E) RESULTS

2016 ICM Problem (F) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the  ICM (F) Problem are:

Sun Yat-Sen University, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

NC School of Science and Mathematics,  NC, USA —  Vilfredo Pareto Award

Renmin University of China, China

Shandong University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (F) RESULTS

2015 ICM Problem (C) Results

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Xi'an Jiaotong University, China — Leonhard Euler Award

Xidian University,  China

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

Tsinghua University, China

National University of Defense Technology, China

Also winning as a FINALIST is:

University of Colorado Denver, CO —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2015 ICM Problem (D) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the ICM (D) Problem are:

NC School of Science and Mathematics,  NC —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

Humboldt State University, CA — Rachel Carson Award & Two Sigma Scholarship Award

Xi'an Jiaotong University, China

Zhejiang University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (D) RESULTS

2014 ICM Problem (C) Results

The six Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Southeast University,  China —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

National University of Defense Technology, China

Central University of Finance and Economics, China

Xidian University, China

Tsinghua University, China (2)                                         DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2013 ICM Problem (C) Results

The FIVE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

SSE, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

Northwestern Polytechnical University,  China

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY

Peking University, China

Zhejiang University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2012 ICM Problem (C) Results

The SEVEN Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Cornell University,  NY —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China

Mathematical Modeling Innovative Practice Base, China

Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, China

Northwestern Polytechnical University, China

Shanghai Jiaotong University, China

University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2011 ICM Problem (C) Results

The SIX Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Zhejiang University, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

Northwestern Polytechnical University, China

Southeast University, China

South China University of Technology, China

Humboldt State University, CA

NC School of Science and Mathematics, NC

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2010 ICM Problem (C) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Carroll College, MT — INFORMS Prize Recipient

Hangzhou Dianzi University, China

Beijing Jiaotong University, China

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2009 ICM Problem (C) Results

The TWO Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

China University of Mining and Technology, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

United States Military Academy, NY

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2008 ICM Problem (C) Results

The THREE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

National University of Defense Technology, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China

National University of Defense Technology, China — INFORMS Prize Recipient

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2007 ICM Problem (C) Results

The TWO Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Princeton University, NJ —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

Duke University, NC

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2006 ICM Problem (C) Results

The FOUR Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Duke University, NC —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

Duke University, NC

Harvey Mudd College, CA

United States Military Academy, NY

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2005 ICM Problem (C) Results

The THREE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Olin College of Engineering, MA — Informs Prize Recipient

East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai,  China

Maggie Walker Governor's School, VA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2004 ICM Problem (C) Results

The THREE Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu,  Ch

United States Military Academy, NY

Harvey Mudd College, CA (2 Teams)

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2003 ICM Problem (C) Results

The Five Outstanding Winners of the ICM (C) Problem are:

Humboldt State University, CA  — Informs Prize Recipient

United States Military Academy, NY

Wake Forest University, NC

Carroll College, MT

Harvey Mudd College, CA

2002 ICM Problem (C) Results

2002 ICM OUTSTANDING WINNERS:

Maggie L Walker Governor's School, Richmond, VA

Olin College of Engineering, Needham, MA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2001 ICM Problem (C) Results

OUTSTANDING WINNERS:

Lewis and Clark College, Portland, OR

Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA

Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA.

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

2000 ICM Problem (C) Results

The three outstanding winners:

North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Durham, NC  —  INFORMS Prize Recipient

North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics,                   Durham, NC

Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA

DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE ICM PROBLEM (C) RESULTS

1999 ICM Problem Results

1999 Press Release

See also
 Mathematical Contest in Modeling

References

External links
 Official contest website

Mathematics competitions


Argilos () is a municipal department of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located south-west of the city centre, it had a population of 379 at the 2011 census.
During the Ottoman Empire it was called Geni-kioi. The modern name of the village comes from the argil soil with the red colour.

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Arthur Olney Friel (31 May 1885 – 27 January 1959) was one of the most popular writers for the adventure pulps.

Born in Detroit, Michigan, Friel, a 1909 Yale University graduate, had been South American editor for the Associated Press which led him into his subject matter. In 1922, he became a real-life explorer when he took a six-month trip down Venezuela's Orinoco River and its tributary, the Ventuari River. His travel account was published in 1924 as The River of Seven Stars.

After returning from the Venezuela trip, many of Friel's stories were set in that environment. He remained a popular writer in Adventure throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Most of his longer works were republished in hardback. In the 1930s, he started appearing more regularly in the adventure pulp Short Stories with stories set in Venezuela.

He was a member of the American Geographical Society.

In a 1934 letter, Robert E. Howard described Friel as "one of my favorite authors".

He died in Concord, New Hampshire in 1959, the state where he had grown up.

Pedro and Lourenço
Friel began appearing in Adventure magazine in 1919 with stories set in the Amazon jungle featuring the characters Pedro Andrada and Lourenço Moraes, two seringueiros (rubber-industry workers) who undergo harrowing experiences in the impenetrable jungle surrounding the Javary River, an Amazon tributary which forms part of the border between Brazil and Peru. The "Pedro and Lourenço" stories include:

 "The Snake" (September 18, 1919)
 "The Sloth" (October 18, 1919)
 "The Spider" (December 1, 1919)
 "The Jaguar" (January 3, 1920)
 "The Jabiru" (January 18, 1920)
 "Clay John" (February 3, 1920)
 "The Peccaries" (March 3, 1920)
 "The Vampire" (April 18, 1920)
 "The Mother of the Moon" (June 18, 1920)
 "The Armadillo" (August 18, 1920)
 "The Tapir" (October 3, 1920)
 "The Firefly" (November 3, 1920)
 "The Tucandeira" (December 3, 1920)
 "The Vulture" (January 3, 1921)
 "The Tailed Men" (February 18, 1921)
 "Wild Women" (March 13, 1921)
 "The Trumpeter" (May 3, 1921)
 "The Barrigudo" (June 3, 1921)
 "The Ant Eater" (July 18, 1921)
 "The Bouto" (July 18, 1921)
 "Black Hawk" (March 10, 1922)
 "Tupahn—The Thunderstorm" (May 10, 1922)
 "Scarlet Face" (June 1, 1929)
 "Spiderlegs" (Jun 15 1929)
 "Owl Eyes" (Dec 1 1929)
 "Red Giants" (Dec 15 1929)
and the novella The Jararaca (December 30, 1921). (NOTE: "The Snake", "The Sloth", "The Jaguar", "The Jabiru", "Clay John" and "The Peccaries" are stories in which Lourenço appears by himself.) The events of Black Hawk take place immediately after those in The Jararaca, and the character of "Thomas Gordon Mack", an American explorer, is a major character in both stories. Some of the Pedro and Laurenco stories feature minor science fiction elements, such as lost civilizations and ape-human hybrids.

The "Pedro and Lourenço" stories have been recently published in collections including Amazon Nights: Classic Adventure Tales from the Pulps, Black Hawk and Other Tales of the Amazon: The Adventures of Pedro and Lourenço, and Amazon Stories Volume I and II.

McKay, Ryan and Knowlton
In late 1922, Friel began writing longer works, which were serialized in Adventure. The first ones, featuring a trio of adventurers called McKay, Ryan and Knowlton, and other characters, were The Pathless Trail, Tiger River, The King of No-Man's Land and Mountains of Mystery. A later novel in
sequence, In the Year 2000 (1928) was not printed in book form. In the Year 2000 is set after a worldwide war and features the grandson of Knowlton and McKay.

The Pathless Trail, and Tiger River were republished by Centaur Press in November 1969 and May 1971, respectively.

Bibliography

McKay, Ryan and Knowlton
The Pathless Trail (1922)
Tiger River (1923)
The King of No Man's Land (1924)
Mountains of Mystery (1925)

Other books
King--of Kearsarge (1921)
Cat O'Mountain (1923)
The River of Seven Stars (1924)
Hard Wood (1925)
Renegade (1926)
In the Year 2000 (1928, serial form only)
Forgotten Island (1931)

Collections
Amazon Nights: Classic Adventure Tales from the Pulps (Wildside Press, 2005, )
Amazon Stories. Volume I, Pedro & Lourenço (Off-Trail Publications, 2008, )
Amazon Stories. Volume 2, Pedro & Lourenço (Off-Trail Publications, 2009, )
Black Hawk and Other Tales of the Amazon: The Adventures of Pedro and Lourenço (Wildside Press, 2010, )

An unabridged audiobook of Amazon Nights: Classic Adventure Tales from the Pulps read by Tony Scheinman was released in 2012.

References

External links

 . By John Locke and Duane Spurlock
 Reviews of the Pathless Trail and Tiger River

1880s births
1959 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
American science fiction writers
Novelists from New Hampshire
American male short story writers
Pulp fiction writers
Yale University alumni
20th-century American short story writers
20th-century American male writers
American explorers


Kingdom Under Fire II was a video game set in a high fantasy setting developed by Blueside which merged real-time strategy (RTS), role-playing game (RPG) and massively multiplayer online game (MMO) genres. The game had a single-player and an online multiplayer mode. The game followed on chronologically from Kingdom Under Fire: Circle of Doom, and was the first RTS game set in the Kingdom Under Fire universe to be released since the 2005 Kingdom Under Fire: Heroes. Due to its mass cancellation, most of the 4 platforms were scrapped, and it was Windows-exclusive.

The game was announced in January 2008, and has been subject to delay and changes to release platforms; a closed beta-test began in December 2011 in South Korea.

In November 2013, the developers announced plans for a PlayStation 4 version. However, in November 2019, development plans had ultimately been scrapped.

The Chinese version of Kingdom Under Fire 2 entered a no-wipe Closed Beta state in March 2017. In July Taiwanese version entered an Open Beta.

Kingdom under Fire II was published in mid November 2019. On September 17, 2021 it was announced that the English version of the game's servers would be closed on October 26, 2021.

Gameplay
The game combined action RPG with real-time strategy. The player was to control a hero who could command various troops. The player had full control of their character and could run around freely with their troops following them. When controlling other units, the game played like a typical RTS; cannons for example could be used to break down castle walls and spearmen could be used to protect troops from cavalry.

Plot
The plot of Kingdom Under Fire II came chronologically after the events in Circle of Doom – which took place within the alternative dimension of the game's antagonist – Encablossa. The game's events continued the story of the Kingdom Under Fire universe, 150 years after Kingdom Under Fire: The Crusaders, and introduce a new faction – the 'Encablossians', who have been brought from the Encablossan dimension by Regnier, an antagonist in previous games.

The game was to explore the wars between three factions: the Human Alliance, Dark Legion, and Encablossians in their struggle for control of the game's world, the continent of Bersia.

Development
The game was originally announced in January 2008 to be published on PC and console platforms in 2009. The game was to be a blend of MMO and RTS gameplay to create a "Multiplayer Online Action RTS" or MMORTS; key elements of the gameplay design include a single player 'story mode' as in the earlier RTS Kingdom Under Fire: The Crusaders, and a separate online multiplayer element where players would be able to undertake battles, both castle sieges, and pitched battles in fields. The MMO aspect of the game was to take place in a persistent world, with players able to form and join guilds and take part in territorial battles (in up to 15 vs 15 player matches).

In July 2009, Blueside confirmed an Xbox 360 version for release in 2010, the Xbox 360 version was stated to have greater emphasis on the single player campaign, and to also have an online multiplayer mode, as well as downloadable content, but a MMORTS mode was not confirmed.

In March 2010, the project was reported by MMOSITE.com to be rumoured to be in development hell, with developer Blueside in financial trouble, with some employees salaries unpaid, and also as being affected by the departure of part of Blueside's development team to form a new company. In an interview representatives from Blueside and Phantagram stated that 90 persons were working on the project, and that the game had been delayed due a shortage of manpower caused by simultaneous development of console and PC versions, as well as delays due to inexperience with online game development. The lead developer Lee Sang Yong stated that there was no real problem with the development.

In October 2010, the Xbox 360 version was announced to be delayed to at least Christmas 2011 due to restrictions imposed on Xbox Live games by Microsoft relating to billing; development of the actual game system was said by the developers to be complete. The projects budget had exceeded $20 million by late 2010.

In November 2010, Blueside announced the development of a PlayStation 3 version, initially with a projected release date in 2012, citing the suitability of the PS3's online mechanism's for adding updates. Issues relating to the online Xbox 360 version were stated to be under continued discussion with Microsoft.

The game was developed with a video game rating of 15+, though the developers expected it may receive an 18+ rating due to the combat and war elements. A closed beta test began in late 2011.

In November 2013, the developer Blueside announced the game would be released for PC in Korea in the next month, and that the game was also in development for the PlayStation 4. At the G-Star Korean gaming industry convention (November 2013), producer Sang-Yoon Lee announced that the game would be released on PC in South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore in the next month. At G-Star Sang-Yoon Lee apologised for delays to the game, explaining that the development had been hampered by loss of half of its original 160 person team, as well as market conditions in South-East Asia, where the high computer specification requirements of the game meant a limited market for the product, requiring work to allow the game to run a relatively low powered hardware (e.g. GeForce 7600 graphics card); at the same time a PS4 version of the game was stated to be in development and expected to be complete by around May 2014. In a November 2019 interview, Kingdom Under Fire II creative director Joo-Bo Kim confirmed that there were no current plans for a PlayStation 4 version and that development was focused sole on PC.

MMOGAsia announced open beta for Kingdom Under Fire II for May 22, 2014. The developer revealed that there will be no data wipes after the launch of open beta, so any progress made during the testing phase will carry over to full release.

In April 2017, MMOGAsia announced that the game would be shut down permanently.

In the spring of 2017 the launch in Russia was announced. Innova is to be the Russian publisher. The CBT phase is expected in the fall of 2017, so far there is a teaser website.

It was announced on February 20, 2019, that the Russian servers would be shut down on March 20, 2019. The developers said this was due to working on "new projects". Kingdom Under Fire II wasn't confirmed for abandonment, but won't be available for playing. On September 17, 2021 Gameforge announced that it was discontinuing operations of the North American and European servers and that they would be going offline on October 26, 2021.

References

External links
Kingdom under Fire II Gameforge website and download
Kingdom Under Fire ll MMOG website
Kingdom Under Fire ll Korean website
Kingdom Under Fire II official website

2019 video games
Cancelled PlayStation 3 games
Cancelled Xbox 360 games
Massively multiplayer online real-time strategy games
Cancelled PlayStation 4 games
Inactive massively multiplayer online games
Real-time strategy video games
Video game sequels
Products and services discontinued in 2021
Video games scored by Cris Velasco
Video games developed in South Korea
Video games featuring female protagonists
Windows games
Windows-only games
Gameforge games
Phantagram games
Blueside games


Getting into Death is a collection of science fiction stories by Thomas M. Disch.  It was first published by Rupert Hart-Davis in 1974.  Many of the stories originally appeared in the magazines Transatlantic Review, Fantasy and Science Fiction, Amazing Stories, Fantastic, New Worlds, The Paris Review and Antæus.

Contents

 "Slaves"
 "The Happy Story"
 "The Asian Shore"
 "The Persistence of Desire"
 "Quincunx"
 "Displaying the Flag"
 "The Beginning of April or the End of March"
 "The Planet Arcadia"
 "The Invasion of the Giant Stupid Dinosaurs"
 "A Kiss Goodbye"
 "[X] Yes"
 "Feathers from the Wings of an Angel"
 "Let Us Quickly Hasten to the Gate of Ivory"
 "The Colors"
 "The Master of the Milford Altarpiece"
 The Complete Short Stories
 "The Man Who Understood the Difference Between Salmon and Orange Chiffon"
 "The Extension Cord"
 "Mrs. Gallagher’s Psychoanalysis"
 "The Novelist with Wooden Character"
 "Dawn Breaks Over Crakow"
 "The Tic"
 "What They Do with Mothers-in-Law in Tierra Del Fuego"
 "The Cottonwood Tree"
 "The Golden Lemons"
 "The Page for October Has Been Torn Off"
 "The Romance of the Boy and the Girl"
 "The Man Who Didn’t Doubt It"
 "Gratitude, Or, the Serpent’s Tooth"
 "Happy Families All Like Scrabble"
 "Jessica, Raymond, and Jack"
 "The Pocket from Brooks Brothers"
 "Vapors"
 " A Day in the Life of the Artist"
 "Farewell to the Riviera"
 "The Chocolate Egg"
 "The Unspoken Wish"
 "l’Homme"
 "Mimi Smith"
 "The Soliloquy in the Last Act"
 "The Pearl Necklace,"
 "Getting Into Death"

Sources

1974 short story collections
Short story collections by Thomas M. Disch
Rupert Hart-Davis books


Nea Nikopoli () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located north-west of the city centre, it has a population of 185 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


The Mokelumne River AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in San Joaquin County, California.  It is located in the southwest part of the larger Lodi AVA, and includes the city of Lodi and the towns of Woodbridge and Acampo.  The AVA is named after the Mokelumne River, which drains out of the Sierra Nevada Mountains into the San Joaquin River and passes through the heart of the appellation.  The wine region includes a portion of the lower Mokelumne River and the Cosumnes River, a tributary.  The Mokelumne River AVA covers , of which  are planted to wine grapes.  The soil in the area is alluvial fan deposits of sand and loam.  Ample rainfall and soil moisture retention allows most grape growers to farm without the use of irrigation.

See also
Mokelumne River

References

American Viticultural Areas of California
Geography of San Joaquin County, California
Geography of the San Joaquin Valley
Mokelumne River
2006 establishments in California
American Viticultural Areas


The North Holderness Light Railway was a proposed light railway, which was to have been constructed between Beverley and North Frodingham, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The scheme was given parliamentary approval in July 1897 (under the Light Railways Act) for a line extending to . It was abandoned in 1903 by the North Eastern Railway (NER) and replaced with a bus service though consideration had been given to build the line to a narrower gauge than standard gauge on account of some of the marshy land that the line would have to cross.

The line would have begun from a junction with the Hull to Scarborough Line, slightly to the north of Beverley railway station, and served villages and agricultural land in the Holderness area. Stations were proposed at Tickton, Routh, Long Riston, Leven, Brandesburton and North Frodingham.

The route can be seen on tiled maps of the North Eastern Railway network still extant at:
 Beverley railway station
 Hartlepool railway station
 Middlesbrough railway station
 Morpeth railway station
 National Railway Museum (York)
 Pickering railway station (Modern reproduction)
 Saltburn railway station
 Scarborough railway station
 Tynemouth Metro station
 Whitby railway station
 York railway station

References

Further reading

Railways authorised but not built in the United Kingdom
Rail transport in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Holderness


Alonakia () is a municipal department of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located west of the city centre, it has a population of 368 in 2011.

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Vatero () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located west of the city centre, it has a population of 738 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Piquette is a French wine term which commonly refers to a vinous beverage produced by adding water to grape pomace but sometimes refers to a very simple wine or a wine substitute.

From pomace
If water is added to the pomace remaining after grapes intended for wine production have been pressed, it is possible to produce a thin, somewhat wine-like beverage.

The ancient Greeks and Romans used pomace in this way under the name lora, and the product was used for slaves and common workers. After the wine grapes were pressed twice, the pomace was soaked in water for a day and pressed for a third time. The resulting liquid was mixed with more water to produce a thin, tepid "wine" that was not very appealing.

The production of piquette by poor farmers, or for consumption by farmhands and workers continued during the centuries, and is known to have been in practice as late as the mid-20th century. However, piquette seems to have been primarily associated with poor conditions, where real wine could not be afforded.

EU regulations
The European Union wine regulations define piquette as the product obtained by the fermentation of untreated grape pomace macerated in water, or by leaching fermented grape pomace with water. In cases where an EU member state allows the production of piquette, it may only be used for distillation or for consumption in the families of individual wine-growers. It may not be sold.

Produced by other methods
During the Great French Wine Blight in the late 19th century, the production of wine fell so dramatically in France that several types of "Ersatz wine" were frequently produced in France under the designation piquette, and not just consumed locally, but also sold. Some of it was coloured and flavoured to appear as real wine, or was blended into actual wine to increase the amount available.

A common way to produce such piquettes was to mix raisins with water. The raisins used were imported to France from Mediterranean countries, and were produced from grape varieties not directly suitable for wine production.

French piquette
The term "piquette" has also been used as a nickname for French wine of low quality.  Piquette came to be used in this fashion because it is derived from the word piquer, which means to prick or prickle. These wines often had a slight fizz which would prickle the mouth.

Piquette was produced in what was then Paris's outskirts, in Belleville and Montmartre, in an era when the simpler wines for Paris were sourced as close to the capital as possible in order to lower transportation costs.

Wines considered to be simple or bad quality are still sometimes referred to as "piquette" in French.

See also
Acqua pazza

References

French wine
Wine terminology


TPE or Trans-Pacific Express is a submarine telecommunications cable linking China, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and the United States.  The line is a US$500 million joint venture between 6 telecommunication companies China Telecom, China Netcom, China Unicom, Chunghwa Telecom, Korea Telecom, and Verizon Communications (AT&T and NTT joined in March 2008).  Ownership of the cable is evenly split between the 6 participants.  Construction of this 11,000 miles (approx. 17,700 km) line was completed in September 2008, and the Japan branch was completed in January 2010.

At the time of its construction, 5,547 gigabits per second of capacity was available across the Atlantic Ocean, but only 2,726 gigabits per second existed across the Pacific Ocean.  Most links to China had to go through a hub in Japan, and access topped out at 155 Mbit/s. The TPE is more than 60 times the overall capacity of the existing cable directly linking the U.S. and China, and thus its construction was a major enhancement to the cable systems between the two nations.  It is the first next-generation undersea optical cable system directly linking the U.S. and China,  and was also the first major undersea system to land on the U.S. West Coast in more than seven years.  Initially, the Trans-Pacific Express cable was configured to handle traffic at 1.28 terabits per second (Tbit/s), but the system has a design capacity of up to 5.12 Tbit/s. Customers can also book individual connections running at 10 Gbit/s.

Landing Points
The landing points of the cable are located in:
Chongming, Shanghai Municipality, China
Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
Maruyama, Chiba, Japan
Geoje, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea
Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan (ROC)
Nedonna Beach, Oregon, United States

References

External links
 TPE page at the Atlantic-Cable.com History of Undersea Communications Website

Submarine communications cables in the Pacific Ocean
Japan–United States relations
South Korea–United States relations
China–United States relations
China–Japan relations
China–South Korea relations
Japan–South Korea relations


Kalamia is a municipal department of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located north-west of the city centre, it had a population of 180 at the 2011 census.

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


The Society for Experimental Biology is a learned society for animal, cell and plant biologists. It was founded in 1923 at Birkbeck College to "promote the art and science of experimental biology in all its branches". It aims to demonstrate the importance and impact of experimental biology research to the wider public and within the scientific community and to connect and support experimental biologists in their research and career development. The society has an international membership of approximately 1500, more than 20 scientific special interest groups and an outreach, education, and diversity (OED) group.

Activities
The main activities of the society are the organisation and sponsorship of scientific meetings, the publication of relevant research, and the promotion of development of experimental biologist through education, communication, and career development programmes.

The society organises one large meeting each year, plus a number of smaller meetings. The main meeting is held in the United Kingdom or continental Europe and has up to 1000 attendees, with three plenary lectures (the Bidder, Woolhouse, and Cell Plenary Lectures) and nine parallel sessions.

Its publications include four peer-reviewed scientific journals: the Journal of Experimental Botany published by Oxford University Press, The Plant Journal (),  published with Wiley-Blackwell, Plant Biotechnology Journal (, co-owned with the Association of Applied Biologists and published by Wiley-Blackwell) and an open access journal established in 2013, Conservation Physiology (), published on behalf of the society by Oxford University Press.

The society is administered from its head office at Charles Darwin House in London, shared with the Royal Society of Biology, with an additional office in Lancaster which hosts the management team of the Journal of Experimental Botany and the society's Head of Education. It is funded through income from publications, investments, and member subscriptions. The freely available SEB Magazine has generally appeared in Spring and Autumn, since 2012.

References

Further reading
Erlingsson, Steindór J., Institutions and innovation: experimental zoology and the creation of the British Journal of Experimental Biology and the Society for Experimental Biology, British Journal for the History of Science, 46(1): 72–95, 2013.

External links

British biology societies
Learned societies of the United Kingdom
1923 establishments in the United Kingdom
Scientific organizations established in 1923


Special Needs is a dark comedy/satire about three reality TV producers creating show about people with physical and mental disabilities. The film was written, produced, and directed by Isaak James, who also starred.

Critical response
DVD Talk rated it "highly recommended", calling it "an instant candidate for independent comedy of the year ". Variety called it "a rip-roaring good time" that succeeded with a subject that could have been disastrous. Blogcritics found it "tastelessly hilarious".  French site Horreur.com was a bit more measured in its praise, suggesting a mixture of laughter and gritting of teeth as an appropriate reaction but awarded a rating of 5/6.

Release
It was an official selection at the Calgary International Film Festival and Westwood International Film Festival. It was released on DVD by Troma.

References

External links
 Special Needs at Internet Movie Database
 Special Needs – at the Troma Entertainment movie database
 Special Needs at Official Movie Website

2006 films
Troma Entertainment films
2006 black comedy films
2006 comedy films


Sir George Makgill, 11th Baronet, de jure 11th Viscount of Oxfuird (24 December 1868 in Stirling – 16 October 1926 in London) was a Scottish baronet who was also a novelist and right-wing propagandist.

Biography
George Makgill was the son of Captain Sir John Makgill 10th baronet, and Margaret Isabella Haldane, sister of Lord Haldane. He was the grandson of George Makgill, 9th Baronet.

Educated privately, Makgill lived for several years in New Zealand where his father had a station at Waiuku. In 1891 he married Frances Elizabeth Grant of Merchiston, Otago. After his father died in 1906, Makgill established his claim to the Baronetcy of Makgill, and continued to petition for the revival of the Lordship and Viscountcy of Oxfuird. As Sir George Makgill, he settled in Eye, Suffolk, leasing Yaxley Hall, an Elizabethan mansion, from Lord Henniker.

During the First World War Makgill was Secretary to the Anti-German Union, later renamed the British Empire Union. In 1915 and 1916, he brought a lawsuit to strip the German-born banker Ernest Cassel and American-born of German parents railway financier Edgar Speyer of their Privy Council membership; the case was dismissed, but Edgar Speyer's British citizenship was stripped after the war. After the war, business interests invited him to set up a private intelligence network, the Industrial Intelligence Board, to monitor communists, trade unionists and industrial unrest. The IIB's agents included Maxwell Knight and John Baker White,<ref>Baker White, John, True Blue: An Autobiography, 1902-1939', 1970, pp. 129-31</ref> who later characterized Makgill as "perhaps the greatest Intelligence officer produced in this century".

In 1920, he announced himself as a People's League parliamentary candidate for East Leyton and, in 1921, as an Anti-Waste League candidate. He became General Secretary of the Empire Producers' Organization. He was also a member of the Anti-Socialist Union and was for a time part of a tendency within that group that was close to the British Fascists.

In 1926, he managed the day-to-day operations of the Organization for the Maintenance of Supplies, set up to supply and maintain blackleg workers during that year's general strike.

Makgill died in October 1926 in London, England.

Family
He had two sons and two daughters; his eldest son John Donald Makgill (born 1899) inherited the baronetcy.

Publications
Makgill's novels were often colonial adventure stories; he also wrote for Austin Harrison's English Review on the Anti-German Union (December 1915 and February 1916) and on imperial reconstruction (April 1917).
(as Victor Waite) Cross Trails, 1898
(as Mungo Ballas),Outside and overseas: being the history of Captain Mungo Ballas, styled of Ballasburn, in the shire of Fife; with some account of his voyages, adventures, and attempts to found a kingdom in the South Seas as told by his nephew and namesake, Mungo Ballas, last of the race and house of the name, 1903Blacklaw, 1914Felons, 1915
(as Emerson C. Hambrook) The Red To-Morrow,'' 1920

Extant short stories include:
 Head of the Firm (1903)

References

1868 births
1926 deaths
Scottish novelists
People from Eye, Suffolk
People from Stirling
Baronets in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia
Scottish anti-communists
Oxfuird, George Mackgill, 11th Viscount of


The Weatherfords (also Weatherford Quartet and Weatherford Trio) is an American southern gospel music vocal group.

The Weatherfords were formed by husband and wife Earl Weatherford and Lily Weatherford, who began singing together in the mid-1940s in Long Beach, California, after their marriage in 1944. Earl had founded the group prior to this as an all-male troupe, and Lily began filling in on the tenor parts in 1948, eventually becoming the group's most visible member.

They moved several times over the next few decades, to Fort Wayne, Indiana, Akron, Ohio, Fontana and Sacramento, California (as part of the staff of Calvary Temple), and then relocated to Paoli, Oklahoma in 1977 and are based out of there today.

The group sang on California radio stations (KFOX- KBGR-KBIG ) in the 1940s, and was offered a full-time spot on radio station WOWO in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1949. In the 1950s, they recorded for RCA Victor. In 1959, The quartet's In The Garden album for RCA was produced by Chet Atkins, and also featured guitar work by Atkins. It was recorded in Nashville at RCAs Studio B. They also worked in collaboration with evangelist Rex Humbard between 1953 and 1963. The group's other key members at this time were Glen Payne, Armond Morales, and Henry Slaughter.

The Weatherfords departed Akron, Ohio, for California in 1963, and the groups The Cathedrals and The Imperials were formed from members of the Weatherfords at this time as well.

Other notable members included Dallas Holm, whose time with the group was short due to his draft requirements during the Vietnam War; Jim Hammel, who went on to be a long-time member of the Kingmens Quartet; David Engles, who now owns and operates a radio network out of Tulsa, Oklahoma (KNYD); and Dave Roland (Dave & Sugar).

The Weatherfords were featured on Greystone Productions: The History Of Southern Gospel Music, that was featured on many PBS stations in the mid 1990s, as well as several of the early editions of the Gaither Homecoming Videos.

Earl Weatherford died in 1992. A few years later in 1999, Lily published an autobiography, With All My Heart. She performed with the Weatherfords and retired in June 2013. Earl and Lily Weatherford were inducted into the Southern Gospel Museum and Hall of Fame in 2000.

Steve Weatherford AndThe Weatherfords are  still touring nationally doing upwards of 250 concerts per year.

Members

It is believed the Weatherfords may hold the record for having the most members in a Gospel music group having had over 100 in a 70-year period.

Some Members Have Included:
Earl Weatherford (1922–92): alternated on baritone and lead 1944–1992
Lily Fern Goble Weatherford (b. 1928): alto 1945, 1948–1961, 1963–2013 Retired but still Living.
Steven Earl Weatherford: 1976–present
 Skylar Weatherford ;2006-present
Les Roberson: lead 1948–1955
James Hamill: lead 19??–1956  The link is NOT to the James Hamill of the Kingsmen.
George Younce: bass 19??–1956
Armond Morales (b. 1932): bass 1948–1964
Glen Payne (1926–99): lead 1957–1963
James Hopkins: tenor 1961
Henry Slaughter (1927–2020): piano 19??–1963
James Clark: piano 1964–1966
Billy Brisendine: lead 19??–1966
Tracy Dartt (b. 1944): bass 19??–1973
Fulton Nash: bass 19??–1973
Roy-Pauley;19??-2023
James Holbrook: piano 197?–197?
Haskell Cooley: piano 1972–1974
Glenn Couch (b. 1935): 1966
Bob Thacker: bass 19??–1966
Steve Weatherford: lead 1976–present
Cody Boyer: baritone 2007–2010
Terry Robertson: 2010
Foster Smith: 1946 or 47??
Kelley Looper: Baritone 2000-2006?
Lajuanna Murphy BrannPiano-2010-2018

References

Ivan M. Tribe, The Weatherfords. Encyclopedia of American Gospel Music. Routledge, 2005, p. 420.

1940s establishments in California
Family musical groups
American gospel musical groups
Gospel quartets
Musical groups established in the 1940s
Southern gospel performers


Hugh George de Willmott Newman (17 January 1905 –  28 February 1979) was an Independent Catholic or independent Old Catholic bishop. He was known religiously as Mar Georgius I and bore the titles, among others, of Patriarch of Glastonbury, Catholicos of the West, and sixth British Patriarch. He was the head of the Catholicate of the West from when he became a bishop, in 1944, until his death in 1979.

Newman was first consecrated bishop by William Bernard Crow, the leader of the Order of Holy Wisdom, in 1944. Willmott Newman is notable for having subsequently undergone numerous ceremonies of reconsecration, thereby laying claim to numerous different lines of historic apostolic succession. Over a ten-year period between 1944 and 1955, there were nine (or ten) ceremonies in each of which Newman and another bishop would reconsecrate each other to give each the other's lines of apostolic succession.

Biography

Early life
Hugh George de Willmott Newman was born at Forest Gate, London, on 17 January 1905. He was baptized in the Catholic Apostolic Church in Hackney. His father and grandfather both had served as deacons in the Catholic Apostolic Church. From 7 to 30, Newman was an acolyte in the Catholic Apostolic Church.

In 1937 he married Lola Ina del Carpio Barnardo, great-niece of Thomas Barnardo, at the Catholic Apostolic Church in Maida Hill. Thereafter, he became general manager of the National Association of Cycle Traders and Repairers, a trade association of employers. He also edited the association's magazine, The National Journal.

Christian ministry

Priesthood
By 1938, Newman was "convinced of a clear call to the priesthood". He could not be ordained priest in the Catholic Apostolic Church, as the last of its twelve apostles, , had died in 1901. In the summer of 1938, Newman wrote to propose himself to be ordained priest to Bishop James McFall, who styled himself as Regionary Old Catholic Bishop for Ireland. McFall accepted Newman's request. McFall had been priest of the Old Roman Catholic Church in Great Britain (ORCGB) since 1910, and had been consecrated bishop there in 1916. Shortly after his consecration, Arnold Mathew excommunicated him. In April 1925, McFall became the "nominal head" of a splinter group from the ORCGB, which called itself the Old Catholic Orthodox Church and was composed of only laypeople. McFall died in 1960.

On 23 October 1938, at the age of 33, Newman received from Bishop James Columba McFall, who had come from Belfast to perform the following sacraments: baptism under condition, confirmation, the four minor orders, the subdiaconate and the diaconate, and the priesthood. "No sooner had [McFall] returned to Belfast than [sic] he released the newly ordained priest from his jurisdiction, and forgot all about him".

In early 1939, Newman was adopted as priest by the Old Catholic Orthodox Church, which could find no priest and whose groups were in Hounslow and South Harrow. He then tried to find a bishop for him and his flock. Newman asked "almost every free-lance prelate in Britain and Ireland" with no success. He then got in contact with Mar John Emmanuel (Arthur Wolfort Brooks), head of the Apostolic Episcopal Church (Holy Eastern Catholic and Apostolic Church), headquartered in New York, who accepted Newman's request and put Newman under his jurisdiction. John Emmanuel became the Presiding Bishop of the Old Orthodox Catholic Church in England.

By a document dated 26 October 1941, Newman was named abbot nullius of St Albans, in the Order of Corporate Reunion (OCR); the OCR had become a part of the Apostolic Episcopal Church in 1933. Newman's jurisdiction was limited to the 5 miles of St. Albans, but in cases of members of the OCR it extended over the whole Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Four days later, Newman was also appointed archpriest and Vicar-General of the Old Catholic Orthodox Church in Europe, with an unlimited jurisdiction. Anson notes that "[s]o far as is known, this was the first occasion that a lawfully married priest in England had ever been raised to the status of Abbot-Nullius".

Then, Newman and his wife left Northampton to move to Enfield Lock, in Middlesex, "where the curia of the Old Catholic Orthodox Church was set up".

During the spring of 1943, Newman also became secretary and registrar of the Incorporated Institute of Cycle Traders and Repairers.

Bishop and Catholicos

On 8 October 1943, a synod of clergy and laity of the Old Catholic Orthodox Church in Europe elected Newman to the episcopate as archbishop and metropolitan of Glastonbury. On 20 December of the same year, this decision was approved by the authorities of the Apostolic Episcopal Church. Mar John Emmanuel allowed bishop William Bernard Crow (named Mar Abdullah III) to perform Newman's episcopal consecration, because Emmanuel could not travel from the United States to England due to the Second World War. During the three months the letter of authorization took to reach the UK from the US, Newman became convinced the Old Catholic Orthodox Church was schismatic and redundant because the Ancient British Church was the real indigenous Church of England; Newman believed the Old Catholic Orthodox Church should be absorbed into the Ancient British Church, which was done on 23 March 1943.

On 10 April 1944, Newman was consecrated bishop by William Bernard Crow to be the head of the Catholicate of the West. The consecration took place at St Andrew's Collegiate Church in South Tottenham, London; at the time, this church was a Free Protestant Episcopal church and its use had been granted to Newman and Crow for the occasion. Newman was consecrated under the name and title: Mar Georgius, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Holy Metropolis of Glastonbury, the Occidental Jerusalem, and Catholicos of the West. Thereafter, Mar Jacobus II stepped down from his office of fifth Patriarch of the Ancient British Church, passing his rank of Patriarch to Willmott Newman; thus Willmott Newman was both Catholicos of the West and the sixth Patriarch of the Ancient British Church.

Independence
On 14 July 1945, Patriarch Abdullah III and Newman mutually agreed that the Catholicate of the West and its head were to be completely independent, that the Catholicate would not be under the jurisdiction of Abdullah III and would only be under the jurisdiction of the Catholicos. "It was decreed that the Catholicate was an autocephalous and autonomous Church or Rite, under its own Catholicos and subject to no other jurisdiction".

Head of the Apostolic Episcopal Church
Mar John Emmanuel, head of the Apostolic Episcopal Church, died in 1948; he was succeeded as head of the Apostolic Episcopal Church by Wallace David de Ortega Maxey, who resigned in 1951. "His successor, Lowell Paul Wadle, served for two years and, following his resignation, was succeeded by Metropolitian Abp. Hugh George de Willmott Newman (1905-1979), the patriarch of Glastonbury".

Dissolution and continuation of the Catholicate
In 1953, Newman held a synod at Glastonbury; the synod decided to dissolve the Catholicate of the West. The dissolution was done in order for the Indian law to accept the dissolution of the Indian Orthodox Church that had been under the Catholicos from 1950 until 1951–3. To replace the Catholicate of the West, an organisation was created called the United Orthodox Catholicate, still headed by Newman. The United Orthodox Catholic Church took the title of Catholicate of the West from 1959 and onward. Those "puzzling manoeuvres" were made to put an end to the system of "autocephalous tropoi" of the Catholicate, something which "could be done legally only by dissolving the corporation and starting de novo".

Death and succession
Hugh George de Willmott Newman, "patriarch of Glastonbury [...], commonly known as Mar Georgius" died on 28 February 1979. He was succeeded as the head of the Apostolic Episcopal Church by William Henry Hugo Newman-Norton (Mar Seraphim) "who served as patriarch of Glastonbury from 1979 to 1994. In 1994 he was consecrated as a bishop of the Coptic Orthodox Church and resigned all affiliation with the Apostolic Episcopal Church". At the time of Mar Seraphim and the Catholicate of the West joining the Coptic Orthodox Church to form the British Orthodox Church, some congregants did not follow him and formed part of the Celtic Orthodox Church.

Consecrations, re-consecrations

After his consecration as bishop and patriarch in 1944, Newman "was convinced that his first duty was to establish and secure a legitimate and validly ordained ministry in the full Catholic sense". In order to do so, he decided to receive as many lines of episcopal succession as he could through reconsecration. By doing this, he hoped he would have an episcopate which would not be questioned by any theologian and that he would create a link between the Eastern and Western Christianity. Newman claimed that since the day of his first consecration until 1955 included, he had received a total of 23 lines of succession and a total of at least 10 episcopal consecrations.

On 20 May 1945, Newman consecrated bishop W. J. E. Jeffrey, so as to provide the Evangelical Catholic Communion with a new ruling bishop after the passing of bishop Vernon Herford. The consecration ceremony took place at the Chapel of St John in Pembridge Castle. Newman had four bishops co-consecrators for the ceremony: bishops Mar Hedley of Siluria, Mar Francis of Minster, Mar John of Verulam, and Mar Adrianus of Deira (the latter was also Abbot of the Order of Rielvaulx and protosynkellos of the Catholicate of the West). Before the ceremony took place, the five consecrator bishops consecrated each others under condition. At his consecration, Jeffrey took the name of Mar Johannes; he also took the titles of Titular Bishop of St Marylebone, Auxiliary of the Patriarchal Throne of Glastonbury, and General Moderator of the Evangelical Catholic Communion.

On 22 April 1946, Newman consecrated bishop Richard Kenneth Hurgon in order to give the Order of Christ our Most Holy Redeemer and Heavenly King, an interdenominational Christian organisation, a ruling bishop. Hurgon was given at his consecration the name and title: Mar Begnignus, titular Bishop of Mere, Auxiliary of the Patriarchal Throne of Glastonbury.

Between 1944 and 1946 included, Newman, stating it was in the goal of "establishing the Oecumenical Succession in the interests of Christian Unity", re-consecrated 13  bishops. The goal of those re-consecration, Newton adds, was to "confe[r] as many additional commissions as possible in other lines of Apostolic Succession". The re-consecrated bishops and their re-consecration dates are:

 Dorian Herbert, Bishop of Caerleon, founder of the Jesuene Church (also called Free-Orthodox Catholic Church), 3 December 1944;
 Mar Carolus, titular Bishop of Amesbury (Charles W. Keller), 29 April 1945;
 Mar Hedley, Bishop of Siluria (Hedley C. Bartlett), 20 May 1945;
 Mar John, Bishop of Verulam (John Syer), 20 May 1946;
 Mar Adrianus, Bishop of Deira (G. H. Brook), 20 May 1945;
 Mar Francis, Bishop of Minster, 20 May 1945;
 Mar John, Archbishop of Olivet (J. S. M. Ward), 25 August 1945;
 Mar James, Archbishop of India and Exarch (J.C. Ryan), 25 August 1945;
 Mar Leofric, Archbishop of Suthronia (C. L. Saul), 9 September 1945;
 Mar David, Bishop of Repton (F. D. Bacon), 12 January 1946;
 Mar David, Patriarch of Malaga wre  (W. D. de Ortega Maxey), 6 June 1946;
 Theodorus, Bishop of Mercia (S. E. P. Needham),  28 November 1946;
 Mar Philippus, Bishop of Amersfoort (H. P. Abbinga), 28 November 1946

Titles
Newman's religious titles were: His Sacred Beatitude Mar Georgius I, Patriarch of Glastonbury, Caertoria and Myalore; Successor of St. Thomas; Apostolic Pontiff of Celtica, and the Indies; Prince-Catholicos of the West and of the United Orthodox Catholic Rite; exarch of the Order of Antioch for Britain, Ruling Prelate of the Order of Corporate Reunion; Grand Master of the Order of St. Thomas Acon, St. Gregory of Sarkis, and the spiritual Christian Nation; Prelate Commander of the Order of the Crown of Thorns; Chevalier Grand Officier of the Order of the Lion and Black Cross; Doctor Christianismus. He was also Prince de Mardin and Duke of Saxe-Noricum.

Works

 – about Basil Maurice George Stannard

 Renamed
"The Ecclesiastical Underworld" Seraphic Press. 2017. a 98-page book, reproduction of articles first published (in serialised form) in 1935

Notes

References

Further reading
 Ginn, Geoff, "JSM Ward, Bishop at Large: 'Orthodox Catholicism' and Church History in Interwar Britain", in Crossroads, University of Queensland, Australia, volume V, issue I, 2010, pages 45–57, 2006

1905 births
1979 deaths
People from Forest Gate
Clergy from London
Independent Catholic primates
Old Catholic bishops


Anacaona was a Taíno queen.

Anacaona may also refer to:

 Anacaona (band), a Cuban band
 Anacaona (insect), a genus of coneheads in the tribe Copiphorini
 Anacaona (plant), a genus of plants in the family Cucurbitaceae


Andrew Kelly (born 9 January 1984) is an English former footballer who last played for Landskrona in Sweden.

Having previously played for Köping FF, Kelly joined Landskrona in September 2004. He made his debut in the local derby against Helsingborgs IF in 2005 – a classic match for all Landskrona supporters since the game ended with a 4–3 win, and a goal in the 93rd minute.

In July 2005, he returned for a second spell on loan at Västerås SK.

On 16 May 2009, it was announced that he would leave Landskrona and move back to England.

References

1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Stockton-on-Tees
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Middlesbrough F.C. players
Köping FF players
Landskrona BoIS players
Västerås SK Fotboll players
Allsvenskan players
English expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Sweden


The Kate Chopin House, also known as the Bayou Folk Museum or Alexis Cloutier House, was a house in Cloutierville, Louisiana. It was the home of Kate Chopin, author of The Awakening, after her marriage.

Overview
The house was located on Main Street (Louisiana Highway 1) in Cloutierville, in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana. The home was built by the town's founder, Alexis Cloutier and was constructed in a combination of handmade brick, hand-hewn cypress boards, and bousillage. Its construction, done through the use of slave labor, dated to between 1806 and 1813.

Kate Chopin moved here with her husband Oscar and their five children in 1879. Her sixth child, a daughter named Lélia, was born here shortly after the family's arrival. Oscar set up a general store and ran the business end of the family plantation. Shortly after their arrival in Cloutierville, he inherited a quarter of the family property.

Chopin would later describe the neighborhood in her 1891 short story "For Marse Chouchoute" as "two long rows of very old frame houses, facing each other closely across a dusty roadway". Neighbors, mostly of French-Creole descent, did not approve of Chopin's fashion and tendency to smoke cigarettes, play cards, and go for walks alone. Local gossip also suggested that Chopin lifted her skirt higher than necessary when walking, showing her ankles.

Kate Chopin only lived here for about four years when her husband died. Oscar Chopin had suffered from malaria and overdosed on quinine, leading to his wife Kate to take over the business. However, she soon left the home and relocated to St. Louis, Missouri by mid-1884 to be with her mother. She left her sons with the family of her husband in Cloutierville.

Chopin used some of her experience in the town for inspiration for several of her writings, including Bayou Folk, A Night in Acadie, and The Awakening.

Modern history

The house was opened as a museum in 1979. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993 for its association with Kate Chopin's life and her use of area happenings as source for bayou life covered in much of her writings. Though the building was restored, the wainscoting was original, as were many of the glass panes. A collection of Chopin artifacts was displayed in one of the basement rooms. The museum, known as the Bayou Folk Museum (in part because of Chopin's book of the same name), was run by the Association for  Preservation of Historic Natchitoches.

The house was destroyed in a fire on October 1, 2008. Though the cause of the fire was not determined, the home's destruction inspired the use of preventative measures at other historic structures in Louisiana.  Its National Historic Landmark designation and National Register of Historic Places listing were withdrawn in December 2015.

See also
Kate Chopin House (St. Louis, Missouri), another one of Chopin's residences
List of National Historic Landmarks in Louisiana
National Register of Historic Places listings in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana

References

Sources
Baldwin, Jack and Winnie. Baldwin's Guide to Museums of Louisiana. Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing, 1999.
Schmidt, Shannon McKenna and Joni Rendon. Novel Destinations: Literary Landmarks from Jane Austen's Bath to Ernest Hemingway's Key West. National Geographic Society, 2008.
Toth, Emily. Unveiling Kate Chopin. University Press of Mississippi, 1999.

External links

Cane River National Heritage Area, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary

Houses in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
Chopin, Kate
Museums in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
Cane River National Heritage Area
Houses completed in 1813
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
National Historic Landmarks in Louisiana
Antebellum architecture
Burned houses in the United States
2008 fires in the United States
Former National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
Former National Historic Landmarks of the United States
National Register of Historic Places in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
Fires in Louisiana


Peng Xiaomin (; born April 8, 1973) is a Chinese chess grandmaster. In 1997, he became China's 6th Grandmaster. Peng Xiaomin is married to WGM Qin Kanying.

Career
Peng has been a grandmaster since 1997. In 1998, he became the Chinese National Chess Champion.

He played for the China national Olympiad team for 1994-2000.

Peng competed in the FIDE World Chess Championship in 2000 in New Delhi, where he reached the third round having been beaten by Peter Svidler 2.5-1.5.

Peng was a World Top 100 Chess Player according to the FIDE ratings from July 2000 to October 2002, while also at the same time was the third ranked Chinese player.

Although today he is still officially in the Top 10 in China, he has limited his activities to playing for and coaching his club team in the domestic Chinese chess league.

Recently, he has moved to Canada with his wife and son. He is teaching Kelly Wang, Qiuyu Huang, Robert Liu, Zhong Wen Xuan, and other young Canadians.

China Chess League
Peng Xiaomin plays for Hebei chess club in the China Chess League (CCL).

See also
Chess in China

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Chess grandmasters
Chess Olympiad competitors
Chess players from Hebei
Sportspeople from Handan


The Democratic Ecologists (, EcoDem or ED) are a green faction within the Italian Democratic Party (PD).

Launched by Ermete Realacci and Fabrizio Vigni, the faction is composed by both former members of Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (Realacci, Roberto Della Seta, Francesco Ferrante, etc.) and the Democrats of the Left (Vigni, Sergio Gentili, Gianni Mattioli, Edo Ronchi, Massimo Scalia, etc.). Most of these people were once members of the Federation of the Greens who left it between 1999 and 2004, after Luigi Manconi (who also joined the Democrats) left the party's leadership and the Greens experienced a far-left political transformation under Grazia Francescato and Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio.

The EcoDem fought the election for the Constituent Assembly of the Democratic Party on 14 October 2007 within the Environment, Innovation, Labour list, led by Realacci along with Giovanna Melandri and Luigi Nicolais. The list scored 8.1% at the election and the EcoDem elected more than 100 delegates to the Assembly. Following this promising result, Realacci and Della Seta were appointed by PD leader Walter Veltroni heads of Communication and Environment departments, respectively.

During a convention named "Get-things-done Environmentalism" (Ambientalismo del fare) on 26–27 January 2008, the EcoDem presented their core proposals about environmental issues, including their idea of transforming Italy into "the country of solar energy". The convention, organized by the EcoDem in cooperation with the Environment department of the party, was attended by Veltroni, Joschka Fischer and Ségolène Royal.

In the 2009 leadership election the faction supported Dario Franceschini.

In the 2013 general election very few EcoDem were included in the party's lists and only Realacci was elected, however, after the election, other Democrats joined the faction. These included Alessandro Bratti, who was elected president of the faction in July 2014.

Leadership
President: Fabrizio Vigni (2007–2014), Alessandro Bratti (2014–present)
Honorary President: Fabrizio Vigni (2014–present)

References

External links
Official website
Official website (old)

Democratic Party (Italy) factions


Karyditsa () is a municipal department of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located south of the city centre, it had a population of 904 at the 2011 census.

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Getting into Death and Other Stories is a collection of science fiction stories by Thomas M. Disch.  It was first published by Knopf in 1976.  Many of the stories originally appeared in the magazines New Worlds, Antæus, The Paris Review, Transatlantic Review and Fantastic.

Contents

 "Apollo"
 "The Asian Shore"
 "The Birds"
 "The Colors"
 "Death and the Single Girl"
 "Displaying the Flag"
 "Feathers from the Wings of an Angel"
 "Getting Into Death"
 "The Joycelin Shrager Story"
 "Let Us Quickly Hasten to the Gate of Ivory"
 "The Master of the Milford Altarpiece"
 "The Persistence of Desire"
 "The Planet Arcadia"
 "Quincunx"
 "Slaves"
 "[X] Yes"

Sources

1976 short story collections
Short story collections by Thomas M. Disch


Lefkovrysi () is a municipal department of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located south-west of the city centre, it has a population of 1,208 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Lefkopigi () is a municipal department of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located south-west of the city centre, it has a population of 1,161 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Hilda of Luxembourg () may refer to:
 Princess Hilda of Nassau (1864–1952)
 Princess Hilda of Luxembourg (1897–1979)


Lygeri () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located north-west of the city centre, it has a population of 118 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Catholicate College, Pathanamthitta, established in 1952, is an institution of higher education at Pathanamthitta of Kerala, India. Catholicate College belongs to the first group of colleges in Kerala to receive academic accreditation from the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). In the  fourth
cycle of (NAAC) re-accreditation, the college has been re-accredited by NAAC in A++ grade with CGPA of 3.53. The college  is owned by Malankara Orthodox Church, founded by Catholicos Moran Mar Baselios Geevarghese II. The college was originally planned by Geevarghese Mar Philoxenos, Metropolitan; it was founded in 1952, after his death, by Daniel Mar Philoxenos Metropolitan, who became the first principal of the college.

The Principal is Dr. Sunil Jacob from the Department of Chemistry. Prior to his appointment as principal, he served as bursar of the college. The college is affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam.

Academics
The college has 2,000 students. It has 110 teaching and 67 administrative staff on its rolls. There are degree courses in English, Malayalam, Hindi, Economics, History, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Zoology and Commerce. The college has research facilities in the departments of Malayalam, Hindi, Zoology, Botany, Physics and Mathematics.

The college has a study center of the Indira Gandhi National Open University.

Donations
NSS, Bhoomitrasena club and staff club of the college donated 14 houses to the poor.

Awards
 The college secured Best College state award from the government of Kerala for motivating students for blood donations.
 The college got Best college award from the corporate management of MOC colleges for its overall performance.

Courses
The college has four UGC-sponsored career oriented add-on courses:
 Computer Technology (Department Of Physics)
 Video Production and Science Communication (Department Of Chemistry)
 Lab Technology Medical (Department Of Zoology)
 Yoga & Stress Management (Department Of Physical Education)

The Physics department has two US-based student chapters:
 S P I E (Society of Photo optical Instrumentation Engineers)
 O.S.A (Optical society of America)

The college has an A accreditation from NAAC (as per revision in 2016)

Principals

 Daniel Mar Philexinos Metropolitan (P.E. Daniel Ramban) was the first principal. (1952–53)
 Dr. N. M. Zernov, Britain (1953–54)
 Prof. Peter S. Wright, Britain (1954–55)
 Prof. Ninan Abraham (1955–57)
 Prof. Puthencavu Mathen Tharakan (1957–58)
 Prof. E. T. Mathew (1958–59)
 Prof. T. B. Ninan (1959–61)
 Dr. J. Alexander (1963–75)
 Prof. V. T. Thomas (1975–76)
 Prof. C. N. Mathew (1976)
 Dr. Paul C. Varghese (1976–83)
 Prof. N.G.Kunjachen (1983)
 Dr. T. A. George (1983–92)
 Prof. V. I. Joseph (1992–93)
 Dr. K.C John (1993–99)
 Prof. E. Jacob John (1999–2001)
 Prof. Abraham George (2001–2002)
 Fr. Dr. K T Mathewkutty (2002–2005)
 Prof. Prasad Thomas (2005–2006)
 Dr. George Eapen (2006–2007)
 Dr. Saramma Varghese (2007–2010)
 Dr. George Varghese Koppara (2010- 2014)
 Dr. Mathew P Joseph (2014- 2021)
 Dr. Philipose Omman (2021- 2023)
 Dr. Sunil Jacob (2023-Present)

Departments
 English
 Malayalam

 Hindi
 Syriac

 Commerce

 Mathematics
 Physics
 Chemistry
 Botany
 Zoology
 Physical Education

Courses

Postgraduate courses
M. A.
 English
 English (Integrated)
 Malayalam
 Hindi
 History
 Econometrics

M.Sc.
 Mathematics
 Physics- Electronics
 Physics-Material Science
 Chemistry- Polymer Chemistry
 Chemistry- Analytical Chemistry
 Botany- Biotechnology-Elective
 Zoology

M.Com.
 Financial Management (Aided)
 Financial Management (self financing)
 MTA (self financing) (Master of Tourism Administration)

B.A.

B.Sc.

B.Com.

|-

Ph.D. courses
 Malayalam
 Hindi
 Zoology
 Botany
 History
 Physics
 Mathematics
 Chemistry
 Economics

Notable alumni
 Padma Shri Thekkethil Kochandy Alex
 Captain Raju, actor
 Benyamin, writer
 S. Ramesan Nair, lyricist and poet
 P. D. T. Achary, Former Secretary General of Lok Sabha

Notable faculty
 Veena George, Minister for Health & Family Welfare, Government of Kerala

External links
Catholicate College website
Alumni Association, Kuwait
Alumni Association, Dubai
Government of Kerala colleges list
https://web.archive.org/web/20171107170506/http://www.asishinside.com/search/label/catholicate

References

Christian universities and colleges in India
Arts and Science colleges in Kerala
Colleges affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala
Malankara Orthodox Syrian church buildings
Catholicate College Pathanamthitta
Education in Pathanamthitta
Educational institutions established in 1952
1952 establishments in India
List of colleges affiliated with Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala#Art and Sciences


Metamorfosi is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located southwest of the city centre, it has a population of 346 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Xirolimni () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located west of the city centre, it has a population of 388 (2011).

The village was named Şahinler (Eng. "buzzards") by Ottoman Turk inhabitants until the 1924 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Oinoi () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located east of the city centre, it has a population of 111 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Petrana () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located east of the city centre, it has a population of 696 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Blaen-y-Maes is a local authority maintained housing estate of the City and County Swansea, Wales.  It falls within the Penderry ward.

Districts of Swansea


Protochori () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located south of the city centre, it has a population of 830 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Ptelea () is a community of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. Located north-east of the city centre, it has a population of 165 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Skiti () is a community located in the far west of the city of Kozani in northern Greece. It has a population of 289 (2011).

References

Kozani
Populated places in Kozani (regional unit)


Weschler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Anita Weschler (1903–2000), American sculptor and writer
 Lawrence Weschler (born 1952), American author of works of creative nonfiction
 Toni Weschler, author of the bestselling book on women's health and fertility, teacher of the system Fertility Awareness Method

See also
 Wechsler (disambiguation)
 Wexler (disambiguation)

German-language surnames
Surnames of Jewish origin
Yiddish-language surnames


Beyond Reality is a science fiction television series which originally aired between October 4, 1991 and March 20, 1993. The series is about two university parapsychologists (Shari Belafonte and Carl Marotte) who investigate reports of paranormal phenomena that occur in ordinary people's lives.

Episodes

Home media
Mill Creek Entertainment released the complete first season on DVD in Region 1 on January 23, 2007.

References

External links

1990s Canadian science fiction television series
1991 Canadian television series debuts
1993 Canadian television series endings
USA Network original programming
Television shows filmed in Toronto


Comitas is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Pseudomelatomidae.

Species and subspecies
Species and subspecies (indented) in the genus Comitas include:

  † Comitas abnormis L. C. King, 1933
 Comitas aequatorialis (Thiele, 1925)
 Comitas albicincta (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
 † Comitas aldingensis Powell, 1944
 † Comitas allani Powell, 1942
 Comitas anteridion (Watson, 1881)
 Comitas arcana (E. A. Smith, 1899)
 † Comitas bilix Marwick, 1931
 Comitas bolognai  Bozzetti, 2001
 Comitas breviplicata (E. A. Smith, 1899)
 Comitas chuni (von Martens, 1902)
  † Comitas clarae (G.F. Harris, 1897)
 Comitas crenularoides (Pritchard, 1896)
 Comitas curviplicata Sysoev, 1996
 † Comitas declivis Powell, 1931
 Comitas elegans Sysoev, 1996
 Comitas ensyuensis (Shikama & Hayashi in Shikama, 1977)
 Comitas erica (Thiele, 1925)
 Comitas eurina (E. A. Smith, 1899)
 Comitas exstructa (von Martens, 1904)
 † Comitas fusiformis (Hutton, 1877)
 † Comitas gagei Maxwell, 1988
 Comitas galatheae Powell, 1969
 Comitas granuloplicata Kosuge, 1992
 Comitas halicyria (Melvill, 1904)
 Comitas hayashii (Shikama, 1977)
 Comitas ilariae Bozzetti, 1991
 † Comitas imperfecta L. C. King, 1933
 Comitas kaderlyi (Lischke, 1872)
 † Comitas kaipara Laws, 1939
 Comitas kamakurana (Pilsbry, 1895)
 Comitas kayalensis Dey, 1962
 † Comitas kenneti Beu, 1970
 Comitas kirai Powell, 1969
 Comitas kuroharai (Oyama, 1962)
 † Comitas latescens (Hutton, 1873)
 † Comitas latiaxialis (P. Marshall, 1918)
 Comitas laura (Thiele, 1925)
 Comitas lurida (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
 Comitas makiyamai Shuto, 1961
 Comitas malayana (Thiele, 1925)
 Comitas margaritae (E. A. Smith, 1904)
 Comitas melvilli (Schepman, 1913)
 Comitas miyazakiensis Shuto, 1961
 Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961)
 † Comitas nana Maxwell, 1988
 Comitas oahuensis Powell, 1969
 Comitas obliquicosta (Martens, 1901)
 Comitas obtusigemmata (Schepman, 1913)
 Comitas onokeana King, 1933
 Comitas onokeana vivens Dell, 1956
 Comitas opulenta (Thiele, 1925)
 Comitas pachycercus Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001
 Comitas pagodaeformis (Schepman, 1913)
 Comitas parvifusiformis Li & Li, 2008
 Comitas paupera (Watson, 1881)
 Comitas peelae Bozzetti, 1993
 Comitas powelli Rehder & Ladd, 1973
 † Comitas pseudoclarae A.W.B. Powell, 1944
 Comitas raybaudii Bozzetti, 1994
 † Comitas recticosta (Bellardi, 1847)
 Comitas rex Sysoev, 1997
 Comitas rotundata (Watson, 1881)
 Comitas saldanhae (Barnard, 1958)
 † Comitas salebrosa (G.F. Harris, 1897)
 Comitas saudesae Cossignani, 2018
 † Comitas silicicola Darragh, 2017
 † Comitas sobrina (M. Yokoyama, 1923 )
 † Comitas sobrinaeformis S. Nomura, 1937
 † Comitas spencerensis  E.J. Moore, 1962
 Comitas stolida (Hinds, 1843)
 † Comitas subcarinapex Powell, 1942
 Comitas subsuturalis (von Martens, 1901)
 Comitas suluensis Powell, 1969
 Comitas suratensis (Thiele, 1925)
 † Comitas terrisae Vella, 1954
 Comitas thisbe (E. A. Smith, 1906)
 † Comitas torquayensis Powell, 1944
 Comitas trailli (Hutton, 1873)
 Comitas vezo Bozzetti, 2001
 Comitas vezzaroi Cossignani, 2016
 † Comitas waihaoensis Powell, 1942
 † Comitas williamsi Marwick, 1965
 Comitas wynyardensis (G.B. Pritchard, 1896)
 † Comitas yokoyamai K. Oyama, 1954

Synonyms
 Comitas aemula Angas, 1877: synonym of Comitas trailli (Hutton, 1873)
 Comitas claviforma Kosuge, 1992 is a basionym for Leucosyrinx claviforma (Kosuge, 1992)
 Comitas kaderleyi Lischke, 1872: synonym of Comitas kaderlyi (Lischke, 1872)
 Comitas luzonica Powell, 1969: synonym of Leucosyrinx luzonica (Powell, 1969)
 Comitas subcorpulenta Smith, 1894: synonym of:Borsonia symbiotes subcorpulenta (Smith, 1894)
 Comitas symbiotes (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891): synonym of Borsonia symbiotes (Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891)
 Comitas undosa Schepman, 1913: synonym of Paracomitas undosa (Schepman, 1913)
 Comitas verrucosa Suter, 1899: synonym of Comitas trailli (Hutton, 1873)
 Comitas yukiae (Shikama, 1962): synonym of  Antiplanes yukiae (Shikama, 1962)

References

 Powell, A.W.B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae, an evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with list of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 5: 1–184, pls 1–23
 Wilson, B. 1994. Australian marine shells. Prosobranch gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
 Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
 ZipCodeZoo

External links

 Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77(3): 273-308
 Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: Pseudomelatomidae
 L. Bozzetti, Description of a new species of the genus Comitas Finlay, 1926 from the Philippines and Reunion (Gastropoda, Turridae); Bull. Inst. Malac. Tokyo 3 (1): 1-3 (1993)

Pseudomelatomidae
Taxa named by Harold John Finlay


Sebastes levis, the cowcod or cow rockfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Taxonomy
Sebastes levis was first was first formally described in 1878 by the American ichthyologists Carl H. Eigenmann and Rosa Smith Eigenmann with the type locality given as the Cortes Bank off San Diego, California. Some authorities classify this species in the subgenus Hispaniscus. The specific name levis means “light” or “mild”, the Eigenmanns did not explain this allusion, it may refer to the pink, occasionally, pale-orange color of adults i.e not red. Alternatively, as suggested by Jordan and Evermann in 1898, the name may mean “capricious or fantastic”, this suggestion was not explained but may refer to the rapid colour changes this species can perform.

Description
Sebastes levis has a deep and compressed body, the body’s depth is between a third and two fifths of its standard length. They have a large head, small eyes and a large mouth with a lower jaw which juts out. The head is armed with many spines. There are 13 to 14 spines and 12 to 13 soft rays in the dorsal fin and 3 spines and 6 or 7 soft rays in the anal fin. This species grows to a maximum fork length of . The membranes of the dorsal fin are deeply incised. Adult cowcod vare variable in color and may be cream, pink, salmon, orange or gold. Some may have indistinct dark or red barring. The juveniles are marked with gold or brown bars on a background color of whitish or pale yellow. The juveniles are very similar to the barred juveniles of some other species of rockfish.

Distribution and habitat
Sebastes levis is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean where it occurs from Guerrero Negro in Baja California Sur north to Usal, Mendocino County in central California.  Adults, with total lengths greater than , are found on rocky substrates at depths of  while the juveniles live in areas of fine sand and clay at depths between . It is a demersal fish and has also been found sheltering over rock structures, at the base of man-made structures and within kelp forests at depths as deep as .

Biology
Sebastes levis is an ambush predator in the deep waters over the continental shelf and upper slope, their prey mainly consisting of benthic crabs, octopus, shrimp, and small fish. They are solitary and territorial as adults. This species, as in other rockfishes, are long lived, living at least as long as 55 years,  The females attain sexually maturity around 16 years old when they reach a length of  whereas the males become mature at 14 years old when they have reached a length of . The females produce eggs in their ovaries from November to May, the larger individuals are able to produce as many as 1,925,000 eggs in a season. The eggs are fertilised internally and small pelagic larvae are born which settle when they are 100days old and  in length.

Conservation
Overfishing of cowcod in the 1970s and 1980s is estimated to have led to a steep decline in abundance to a low point of 9% of unfished biomass in 1989. The stock was declared overfished in 2000 and retention of cowcod was prohibited from January 2001 until January 2011. From 2011 onward, a small quota was allocated to the trawl fishery but retention remained prohibited in all other sectors. The initial rebuilding plan estimated that the recovery would take decades, but a stock assessment conducted in 2019 estimated the stock had recovered to 57% of the unfished biomass and the stock was declared to have been rebuilt.

The California Department of Fish and Wildlife closed 4,300 square nautical miles off southern California to all bottomfishing as a cowcod conservation area, and prohibited all cowcod catch.

References

External links
 Sebastes levis Fishbase

levis
Taxa named by Rosa Smith Eigenmann
Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann
Fish described in 1889


Maria of Amnia (Greek: Μαρία, 770 – after 823) was a Byzantine empress, the first wife of Constantine VI. She was a granddaughter of Saint Philaretos, a magnate from the Armeniakon Theme known for his charitable activities, a relation mentioned in his hagiography. The name of her father is unknown and her mother has been identified as Hypatia by Christian Settipani. Maria was born in Amnia, Paphlagonia.

Empress
In 788, Maria was one of thirteen candidates in the earliest recorded bride-show. The bride-show had been ordered by the Empress-regent Irene in search of a suitable bride for her son Constantine VI. Constantine was previously betrothed to Rotrude, daughter of Charlemagne and Hildegard, but Irene had called off the engagement.

Maria was chosen primarily by Irene. Constantine and Staurakios, a eunuch who served as the logothetes tou dromou, were also reportedly involved in the presentation of the candidates. However whether they influenced the choice is unstated.

The marriage took place in November, 788. The marriage was recorded in the chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor. The marriage lasted for about six years and resulted in two daughters. Theophanes records that Constantine had turned against his first wife at some point. Theophanes attributed the deterioration of the marriage to the machinations of Irene. The lack of a male heir following six years of marriage could also be one of the reasons.

In 794, Constantine had found a mistress in the person of Theodote, a cubicularius (lady-in-waiting) of his mother. In January, 795, Constantine divorced Maria. Maria and both of their daughters were sent to a convent in the island of Prinkipo. In September, 795, Constantine and Theodote were wed.

The initial divorce had met with disapproval in circles of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The remarriage while Maria was still alive was seen as an attempt for legalization of adultery. The legality of the second marriage sparked a religious controversy, the so-called "Moechian Controversy" (from the Greek moichos, "adulterer"). However Maria is not recorded as involved with any of the conflicts of the time.

She remained a nun for the rest of her life. She is last mentioned c. 823. Her daughter Euphrosyne was taken from their convent to marry Michael II (reigned 820 – 829). She protested the decision to no effect. Her protestation is mentioned in the correspondence of Theodore the Studite. The year of her death is not known.

Children
Maria and Constantine VI had two daughters:
Euphrosyne (c. 790 – after 836). Married Michael II.
Irene. Became a nun in 795. Last mentioned alive in 796.

References

External links
 Article about Irene by Lynda Garland, contains section on the marriage of Maria

770s births
9th-century deaths
Isaurian dynasty
8th-century Byzantine empresses
9th-century Byzantine women


Kang Tongbi (; 1887–1969), also romanized as Kang Tung Pih, was the daughter of Kang Youwei, a Chinese reformer and political figure of the late Qing dynasty and early Republican era.

Early life
In 1880, Kang was born in Southern China. Official documents in the US indicate that her birth was on February 5, 1888, using the Gregorian calendar.

Kang's father was Kang Youwei. Kang's mother was Zhang Yunchu, first wife. Kang's family was relatively wealthy in traditional China. Kang's father kept several wives and concubines. She was Zhang Yunchu's second daughter.

Kang Tongbi's father, along with his disciple Liang Qichao, was one of the major intellectual figures behind the launching of China's political reform by the Guangxu Emperor in 1898, but political infighting at the Qing court caused the reform movement to be summarily aborted within 103 days of its start, and a death warrant to be issued against Kang Youwei. He hastily left the country with his family and would spend the next 14 years travelling the world. As a result, much of Kang's youth was spent abroad.

Kang's father was a noted calligrapher who taught her traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy. A few of Tongbi's own paintings survive.

In 1903, Kang lived in Japan. In August 1903, Kang lived in the United States.

Kang graduated from Hartford Public High School, the second oldest public secondary school in the United States.

Education
Kang attended Radcliffe College and then Trinity College in Connecticut, United States.

In 1907, Kang became the first Asian student to be enrolled at Barnard College. In 1909, Kang earned an associate degree in Journalism from Barnard College in Manhattan, New York City, New York.

Activities in China

Little information is available in English on Kang's life after she left Barnard College, but it is known that after the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911, she returned to China, where she continued to agitate for feminist causes. She was deeply involved in the women's movement in Shanghai, advocating women's rights through meetings and speeches.

Kang was an editor and major contributor to Nüxuebao (Women's Education), one of the first women's journals in China.

After the journal folded, Kang continued to crusade for women's rights. Like her father, she took a stand against the practice of foot-binding, establishing and co-leading a Tianzuhui (Natural Feet Society) with other Chinese feminists that served as a base of operations for their activities. She was part of the effort to organize the various Shanghai women's groups into a united Shanghai Women's Association, which petitioned the Nationalist government in Nanjing for a new constitution under the slogan, “Down with the warlords and up with equality between men and women”. Kang Tongbi is also remembered for her biography of Kang Youwei, published in 1958.

Personal life
Kang's husband was Luo Chang, a young staffer at the Chinese embassy in Tokyo, Japan.

There is no indication of the match having been arranged by their respective families, as was usually the case among upper-class Chinese at the time. Tongbi followed her husband when the latter was assigned to the Chinese consulate in Denmark, and later moved on to the United States where her father was already residing.

In 1909, at age twenty-one, Kang gave birth to a daughter, Luo Yifeng. Kang had two children.

In 1911, Kang returned to China. Kang lived in mainland China after the communist revolution in China in 1949. Kang was jailed during the Cultural Revolution.

On August 17, 1969, Kang died in China.

Gallery

In popular culture
Science-fiction writer Kim Stanley Robinson depicted a character named Kang Tongbi in his counterfactual novel The Years of Rice and Salt, a speculation on how world history might have turned out if Western Civilization had been wiped out by the plague epidemic of the 14th century, but it is not known whether the reference is deliberate.

References

Additional sources
Lo, Jung-Pang. K’ang Yu-Wei: A Biography and a Symposium. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press, 1967.

External links

  Barnard College online archives:
Barnard College Office of Admissions. “International Students.”

Barnard College alumni
Victims of the Cultural Revolution
Chinese feminists
People from Nanhai District
1880s births
1969 deaths


Lewis Wayne Williams (January 12, 1934 – September 1, 2019, born Chillicothe, Texas) was an American rockabilly singer and songwriter, known as the "Cab Calloway of rockabilly".

Williams began singing at age four, and moved with his family to Dallas at age eleven. He played in local clubs after graduating Adamson High School and entered Midwestern State University in 1952. However, a few months later he secured a job as a headliner for a radio program on Frederick, Oklahoma station KTAT.

The following year, Williams recorded demos at Jim Beck's recording studio and managed to get a single released on Flair Records in June 1953, but "I've Been Doin' Some Slippin' Too" was not a hit, and he did not release further material from these sessions. He sent some of the demos to Imperial Records, who offered him a publishing contract; Williams attempted to secure a recording contract as well but was unsuccessful initially. Imperial finally signed him as a recording artist in 1955, and his first releases came out in 1956. A few singles were issued in 1956 and 1957, with Jimmie Haskell producing and Barney Kessell on guitar; they did not sell and Williams was dropped early in 1957.

He graduated from the university in 1957 and devoted himself to songwriting full-time. He wrote material for Jimmy Hughes (with Mae Axton), Ferlin Husky, Floyd Cramer, Porter Wagoner, and . After serving time in the Army, Williams took the pseudonym Vik Wayne for one final release on Dot Records, "The Girl I Saw on Bandstand"; when it did not sell, he opened a recording studio and started a talent agency. He left music for good in the early 1960s, moving into the publishing and mail order businesses.

After Bear Family Records released some of his material in the 1990s, fed by the burgeoning interest in rockabilly in Europe and Japan, he made a comeback, appearing in Las Vegas in 2000 and touring widely thereafter.

Lew Williams died at age 85 on September 1, 2019 at an assisted living facility in Winnsboro, Texas.

Discography

Singles

Albums
 1999: Cat Talk
 2000: Teenager’s Talking On The Phone

References
[ Lew Williams] at Allmusic

Living people
1934 births
American rock songwriters
American rock singers
American rockabilly musicians
Singer-songwriters from Texas
People from Chillicothe, Texas
Midwestern State University alumni
Singers from Dallas
Flair Records artists
Williams Lew
Dot Records artists
Country musicians from Texas
American male singer-songwriters