Matthew Restall (born 1964) is a historian of Colonial Latin America. He is an ethnohistorian, a Mayanist, a scholar of the conquest, colonization, and the African diaspora in the Americas, and an historian of popular music. Restall has areas of specialization in Yucatán and Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize. He is a member of the New Philology school of colonial Mexican history and the founder of a related school, the New Conquest History.  He is currently Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Latin American History and Anthropology, and Director of Latin American Studies, at the Pennsylvania State University. He is a former president of the American Society for Ethnohistory (2017–18), a former editor of Ethnohistory journal (2007–17), a former senior editor of the Hispanic American Historical Review (2017–22), editor of the book series Latin American Originals, and co-editor of the Cambridge Latin American Studies book series. He also writes books on the history of popular music.

Biography
Restall was born in a suburb of London, England, in 1964. He grew up in England, Denmark, Spain, Venezuela, Japan, and Hong Kong. But he was schooled in England from the age of 8, spending ten boarding-school years first at Marsh Court in Hampshire and then at Wellington College, before going on to receive a BA degree, First Class with Honors, in Modern History from Oxford University in 1986. He earned an MA in 1989 and a PhD in Latin American History from UCLA in 1992, studying under James Lockhart, and then held teaching positions at universities in Texas and Boston before taking up a tenured post at Penn State. After 9/11 he became a joint US/British citizen. In 2020, Restall was the Richard Greenleaf Distinguished Chair of Latin American Studies at Tulane University. He is a member of the Board of Governors of the John Carter Brown Library, Brown University.

Since 1995, Restall has published 30 books in seven languages, as well as 80 articles and essays. He appears regularly on TV documentaries, radio shows, and podcasts, discussing the Aztecs, Mayas, Columbus, and the Spanish conquistadors, and the history of rock and pop music. His best-known book is Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest (2003), which has also been published in Spanish, Portuguese and Italian. In 2003, Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest was listed as one of the twelve Best History Books of the year by The Economist. An Updated Edition of Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest was published in 2021, with an edition in Chinese coming in 2023. His other books include The Maya World: Yucatec Culture and Society, 1550-1850 (1997), Maya Conquistador (1998), Invading Guatemala (with Florine Asselbergs, 2007), 2012 and the End of the World: The Western Roots of the Maya Apocalypse (with Amara Solari, 2011), Latin America in Colonial Times (with Kris Lane, 2011; 2nd edition, 2018), and The Conquistadors (with Felipe Fernández-Armesto, 2012).  His book The Black Middle: Africans, Mayas, and Spaniards in Colonial Yucatan won the Conference on Latin American History's 2009 prize for best book on Mexican history. His recent book, When Montezuma met Cortés (HarperCollins, January 2018) won the 2019 Conference on Latin American History's Howard F. Cline Memorial Prize for best book or article "judged to make the most significant contribution to the history of Indians in Latin America." His newest books are Return to Ixil (with Mark Christensen), The Maya (with Amara Solari), and his first book on popular music, Blue Moves. He is currently writing books on post-pop, on Elton John, on Christopher Columbus, and on early Belize (tentatively titled The Caye).

He has won fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation, the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, the John Carter Brown Library, the Library of Congress, and the Capitol Historical Society.

His father was the ornithologist Robin Restall, his sister is the neo-druid author Emma Restall Orr, and his spouse is the art historian Amara Solari.

Bibliography
Entre Mayas y Españoles: Africanos en el Yucatán Colonial. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica. (2020)
The Maya: A Very Short Introduction (with Amara Solari). Oxford: Oxford University Press (2020)
Blue Moves. New York: Bloomsbury, 33 1/3 series. (2020)
Return to Ixil: Maya Society in an Eighteenth-Century Yucatec Town (with Mark Christensen). Boulder: University Press of Colorado. (2019)
Cuando Montezumo conoció a Cortés. Mexico City: Taurus. Spanish edition of When Montezuma Met Cortés. (2019)
When Montezuma Met Cortés: The True Story of the Meeting that Changed History. New York: Ecco/HarperCollins. (2018)
Latin America in Colonial Times (with Kris Lane). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2nd edition of 2011 book. (2018)
I Sette Miti Della Conquista Spagnola. Palermo: 21 Editore. Italian edition of Seven Myths. (2017)
Конкуридаторите. Sofia: Ashur. Bulgarian edition of The Conquistadors. (2017)
Conquista de Buenas Palabras y de Guerra: una visión indígena de la conquista (with Michel Oudijk). Mexico City: UNAM. Revised edition of La Conquista Indígena. (2014)
Los Conquistadores (with Felipe Fernández-Armesto).  Madrid: Alianza Editorial. Spanish edition of The Conquistadors. (2013)
The Conquistadors: A Very Short Introduction (with Felipe Fernández-Armesto). Oxford: Oxford University Press. (2012)
Latin America in Colonial Times (with Kris Lane). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (2011)
The Riddle of Latin America (with Kris Lane). Boston: Cengage. (2011)
2012 and the End of the World: The Western Roots of the Maya Apocalypse (with Amara Solari). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. (2011)
The Black Middle: Africans, Mayas, and Spaniards in Colonial Yucatán. Stanford: Stanford University Press. (2009)
Black Mexico: Race and Society from Colonial to Modern Times (editor, with Ben Vinson III). Diálogos series. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. (2009)
La Conquista Indígena de Mesoamérica: El caso de Don Gonzalo Mazatzin Moctezuma (with Michel Oudijk). Puebla, Mexico: Secretaría de Cultura del Gobierno del Estado de Puebla. (2008)
Invading Guatemala: Spanish, Nahua, and Maya Accounts of the Conquest Wars (with Florine Asselbergs). Latin American Originals #2.  University Park: Penn State University Press. (2007)
Sete mitos da conquista espanhola. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira.  Portuguese edition of Seven Myths. (2006)
Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Central Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatán, and Guatemala (with Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (2005)
Beyond Black and Red: African-Native Relations in Colonial Latin America (editor). Diálogos series. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. (2005)
Los siete mitos de la conquista española.  Barcelona: Paidós (Paidós Orígenes #46).  Spanish edition of Seven Myths. (2005)
Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest.  New York: Oxford University Press. (2003)
Maya Survivalism (editor, with Ueli Hostettler). Markt Schwaben, Germany: Verlag Anton Saurwein (Acta Mesoamericana No. 12). (2001)
Maya Conquistador.  Boston: Beacon Press.  (1998)
Dead Giveaways: Indigenous Testaments of Colonial Mesoamerica and the Andes  (editor, with Susan Kellogg).  Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. (1998)
The Maya World: Yucatec Culture and Society, 1550–1850. Stanford: Stanford University Press.  (1997)
Life and Death in a Maya Community: The Ixil Testaments of the 1760s.  Lancaster, CA: Labyrinthos. (1995)

References

External links
 Matthew Restall, Faculty webpage at Penn. State U.
 Academia.edu, Complete list of Restall's published books, articles, and essays.
 Latin American Originals, Pennsylvania State University Press
 Cambridge Latin American Studies, Cambridge University Press
 Ethnohistory Quarterly, American Society for Ethnohistory

1964 births
Living people
Aztec scholars
Mayanists
Historians of Mesoamerica
American Mesoamericanists
20th-century Mesoamericanists
21st-century Mesoamericanists
Pennsylvania State University faculty


Pennsylvania State Senate District 10 includes parts of Bucks County. It is currently represented by Democrat Steve Santarsiero.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

 Bristol
 Bristol Township
 Buckingham Township
 Chalfont
 Doylestown
 Doylestown Township
 Falls Township
 Lower Makefield Township
 Morrisville
 New Britain
 New Britain Township
 New Hope
 Newtown
 Newtown Township
 Plumstead Township
 Solebury Township
 Tullytown
 Upper Makefield Township
 Yardley

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Bucks County, Pennsylvania


Pennsylvania State Senate District 12 includes part of Montgomery County. It is currently represented by Democrat Maria Collett.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

 Ambler
 Bryn Athyn
 Franconia Township
 Hatboro
 Hatfield
 Hatfield Township
 Horsham Township
 Lansdale
 Lower Gwynedd Township
 Lower Moreland Township
 Montgomery Township
 Plymouth Township
 Salford Township
 Souderton
 Telford (Montgomery County portion)
 Upper Dublin Township
 Upper Moreland Township
 Whitpain Township
 Worcester Township

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Government of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania


Jesús Rafael Hernáiz Rodríguez (born January 8, 1945, in Santurce, Puerto Rico) is a retired Major League Baseball pitcher. He played during one season at the major league level for the Philadelphia Phillies. He was signed by the Chicago Cubs as an amateur free agent prior to the  season. Hernáiz played his last professional season with the New York Yankees' Double-A Nashville Sounds and Triple-A Columbus Clippers in .

See also
 List of Major League Baseball players from Puerto Rico

References

External links

Jesús Hernáiz at Baseball Almanac

1945 births
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Philadelphia Phillies players
Major League Baseball players from Puerto Rico
Nashville Sounds players
Quincy Cubs players
Huron Cubs players
Lodi Crushers players
Reading Phillies players
Toledo Mud Hens players
Columbus Clippers players
Eugene Emeralds players
Burlington Rangers players
Oklahoma City 89ers players
Spartanburg Phillies players
Sportspeople from Santurce, Puerto Rico
Baseball players from San Juan, Puerto Rico


Pennsylvania State Senate District 14 includes parts of Lehigh County and Northampton County. It is currently represented by Democrat Nick Miller. Prior to the current reapportionment plan it was a Luzerne County seat that was moved to the Lehigh Valley to reflect long-term population shifts.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Lehigh County

 Allentown [PART, Wards 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 19]
 Catasauqua
 Coplay
 Emmaus
 Fountain Hill
 Hanover Township
 Salisbury Township
 South Whitehall Township [PART, Districts 01, 02, 04, 05 and 07]
 Whitehall Township

Northampton County

 Allen Township
 Bath
 Bushkill Township
 Chapman
 East Allen Township
 Hanover Township
 Lehigh Township
 Moore Township
 North Catasauqua
 Northampton
 Walnutport

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Carbon County, Pennsylvania
Government of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania


Pennsylvania State Senate District 16 includes parts of Bucks County and Lehigh County. It is currently represented by Republican Jarrett Coleman.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Bucks County

 Bedminster Township
 Bridgeton Township
 Dublin
 Durham Township
 East Rockhill Township
 Haycock Township
 Hilltown Township
 Milford Township
 Nockamixon Township
 Perkasie
 Quakertown
 Richland Township
 Richlandtown
 Riegelsville
 Sellersville
 Silverdale
 Springfield Township
 Telford (Bucks County portion)
 Tinicum Township
 Trumbauersville
 West Rockhill Township

Lehigh County

 Alburtis
 Allentown (PART, Wards 13 and 18)
 Coopersburg
 Heidelberg Township
 Lower Macungie Township
 Lower Milford Township
 Lowhill Township
 Lynn Township
 Macungie
 North Whitehall Township
 Slatington
 South Whitehall Township (PART, Districts 03, 06 and 08)
 Upper Macungie Township
 Upper Milford Township
 Upper Saucon Township
 Washington Township
 Weisenberg Township

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania


William James O'Rourke (2 April 1960 – 28 January 2002) was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played in The Football League for four clubs.

Playing career
O'Rourke began his career as an apprentice with Burnley, with whom he turned professional in February 1978. His debut came away at QPR in October 1979, in a match shown on Match of the Day. Burnley lost 7–0, with O'Rourke leaving the pitch in tears. However, his performance led to the Burnley Express naming him as his side's man of the match.

He went on to make 13 more league appearances for the Clarets before joining Blackpool on loan in August 1983, followed by a move to Chester City in March 1984. Just five appearances later he was back at Blackpool, this time on a permanent basis, playing every league game in the next two seasons. He was voted Player of the Year in his first full season.

In September 1986 O'Rourke joined Tranmere Rovers on loan, making a permanent switch to Prenton Park the following February (1987). He remained with the club the following season before leaving Football League circles. He then joined ICI Thornton.

O'Rourke died following a brain haemorrhage on 28 January 2002.

Honours

Blackpool

Football League Fourth Division runners-up: 1984–85 (46 apps)

References

External links
Burnley career stats
Obituary

1960 births
2002 deaths
Men's association football goalkeepers
Footballers from Nottingham
English men's footballers
English Football League players
Burnley F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Chester City F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players


Pennsylvania State Senate District 18 includes parts of Lehigh County and Northampton County. It is currently represented by Democrat Lisa Boscola.

District profile

Historic composition
1st, 1801-1808, Mercer, Venango, Crawford, Erie, and Warren counties
2nd, 1809-1822, Washington and Greene counties
3rd, 1827-1843, Westmoreland County
4th, 1843-1845, Washington and Fayette counties
5th, 1845-1851,  Adams and Franklin counties
6th, 1851-1853, Clarion, Tioga, Clearfield, McKean, Potter and Warren counties
7th, 1853-1855, Clearfield, Tioga, McKean, Potter and Jefferson counties
8th, 1857-1859, Tioga, Clearfield, McKean, Potter, and Jefferson counties
9th, 1859-1860, Adams, Franklin, and Fulton counties
10th, 1861-1862, Adams, Franklin, Fulton, and Philadelphia counties
11th, 1862-1865, Adams, Franklin, Fulton, and York counties
12th, 1865-1867, Cumberland, Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, and York counties
13th, 1867-1869, Mercer, Venango, and Warren counties
14th, 1869-1871, Cumberland and York counties
15th, 1872-1874, Blair, Cambria, Cameron, Clarion, Clearfield, Clinton, and Elk counties
16th, 1875-1969, Northampton County
17th, 1969-1995, Northampton, Monroe, and Lehigh counties
18th, 1995-1999, Northampton and Monroe counties
19th, 1999–Present, Northampton and Lehigh counties

Current composition
Since 1999 the district consists of the following areas:

Lehigh County

 Bethlehem (Lehigh County portion)

Northampton County

 Bangor
 Bethlehem (Northampton County portion)
 Bethlehem Township
 Easton
 East Bangor
 Forks Township
 Freemansburg
 Glendon
 Hellertown
 Lower Mount Bethel Township
 Lower Nazareth Township
 Lower Saucon Township
 Nazareth
 Palmer Township
 Pen Argyl
 Plainfield Township
 Portland
 Roseto
 Stockertown
 Tatamy
 Upper Mount Bethel Township
 Upper Nazareth Township
 Washington Township
 West Easton
 Williams Township
 Wilson
 Wind Gap

Senators

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania
Government of Northampton County, Pennsylvania


Amaveni Township is a high density suburb in Kwekwe, Zimbabwe. It is about  west of the city's central business district. The township's name of 'Amaveni' according to one of its first residents, the late Jonas Macela Nkomo (1908–2002), was derived from a Ndebele army's battalion that was called by the same name. The battalion fought during the 1893 Anglo-Ndebele war in Matebeleland region of Zimbabwe.

History
Amaveni is one of the oldest suburbs or townships in Zimbabwe. It was established at the beginning of the 20th century by the Southern Rhodesian colonial authorities as a racially segregated dormitory township for African male labourers. Most of these labourers worked as house servants for white families in the nearby suburbs of Fitchlea, Newtown, Masasa Park and Hillandale or in the newly established shops and factories. Some of the residents also worked for the nearby gold mines of Globe and Phoenix, Gaika and Riverlea, particularly those who could not be housed at the mine workers' compounds. Some of the first buildings in Amaveni were the hostels for male labourers (currently being used as the youth centre, Rugare Old People's Home and informal sector workshops). Today Amaveni's population is made up of people from different professional backgrounds; civil servants, workers from the heavy industries of Zimbabwe Iron and Smelting Company (ZIMASCO), Zimbabwe Iron and Steel Company (ZISCO [now NewZim Steel]), Lancashire Steel, Sable Chemicals, Haggie Rand Zimbabwe, National Breweries among other industries. A huge proportion of the residents are engaged in the informal sector, mainly fruit and vegetable vending as well as informal gold mining. Amaveni High school is the only high school in the suburb, the pass rates are very low because of the inadequacy of resources, however some pupils excel despite the unfriendly landscape, in fact Amaveni high school boasts with a number of its former students who are now captains of industry and many a former students who are now in various universities across the country.

Today
Today, Amaveni house addresses are arranged into sections which are named alphabetically from A to W with the W section easily outnumbering all the other sections. It is located west of the city centre, where most of the roads are dusty and the residents are poor working class or self-employed.

Amaveni has an estimated 2,000 houses, but because of the overcrowding the population is estimated to be around 20,000.

The main bus terminus for the city of Kwekwe is located in the suburb opposite the Batanai tavern. There has been one main shopping centre till 2002 when another one was established at the 'Superette' in the W section of the township.

There are three primary schools, namely Amaveni Primary School, Kushinga Primary School and St Martin's Primary School. Only one high school exists, Amaveni High School.

Notable residents
 Blessing Chebundo MP
 Mayor Hwingwiri (late)
 Headmaster Mswelanto (first headmaster of St Martin's Primary School)
 John Phiri (Wankie and National football player)
 Kenneth Jere (footballer)
 Shaiso Chiduku (Nationally renowned football goalkeeper)
 Madoda Nkomo (body builder)
 Zig Zag Band
 Gilbert Zvamaida (Lead Guitarist)
 NiQ Mangezi (International Film Director)
 George Mabhewu  (Fastest sprinter)
 Shanda, Kayoyo, Dhuri, Chigagura (Nyau dancers)

Notable landmarks
 Arimanyongo hotel
 Chikomo Beerhall
 Batanai Tavern
 Amaveni primary and secondary schools
 St Martins primary school
 Mary Ward Children's home
 Big Bar (Bhawa)
 Amaveni bus terminus
 Amaveni stadium
 Amaveni hall

Blessing Chebundo member of parliament of Kwekwe resides in Amaveni//Currently Masango Matambanadzo is the MP

Suburbs in Kwekwe


Hernán Núñez de Toledo y Guzmán (Valladolid, 1475 - Salamanca, 1553) was a Spanish humanist, classicist, philologist, and paremiographer. He was called el Comendador Griego, el Pinciano (from Pintia, the Latin name of Valladolid) or Fredenandus Nunius Pincianus. He earned his degree in 1490 from the Spanish College of San Clemente in Bologna. He returned to Spain in 1498 and served as a preceptor to the Mendoza family, in Granada. In this city, he studied classical languages as well as Hebrew and Arabic. Cardinal Gonzalo Ximénez de Cisneros hired him as censor of the cardinal's press at Alcalá de Henares. There, Nuñez worked on the Complutensian Polyglot Bible, specifically on the Septuagint. Nuñez was named professor of rhetoric at the Universidad Complutense, which had recently been founded. He then taught Greek from 1519. During the Castilian War of the Communities, Nuñez sided with the comuneros but avoided execution. He then taught at the University of Salamanca, occupying the post once filled by Antonio de Nebrija. At the age of 50, he retired from teaching to dedicate himself fully to research, although he seems to have still given classes on Hebrew at the University of Salamanca.

Works
Nuñez wrote a gloss on the Laberinto de Fortuna by Juan de Mena, which appeared in two editions (Seville, 1499; and Granada, 1505).

In 1508, he collected and glossed a diverse body of proverbs and adages, first published in Seville. After his death, it was published as Refranes o proverbios en romance (Salamanca, 1555). He included proverbs from many languages, including Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, French, Italian, Asturian, Aragonese, Latin, and Greek. The work was popular: it was reprinted several times, although it suffered censorship (some of its obscene or foreign proverbs were removed). It inspired imitators in Spain and abroad, such as the French work Proverbiorum Vulgarium Libri Tres (1531) and the Italian Opera quale contiene le Dieci Tavole de proverbi (Turin, 1535).

In 1509, he translated into Castilian Enea Silvio Piccolomini's History of Bohemia. In 1519, he published a Greek and Latin text of the letter “To the Christian youths,” written by Saint Basil.

He published critical studies on the works of Pliny the Elder, Theocritus, Seneca, and Pomponius Mela. He also studied the work of Saint Jerome.

List of works
 Glosa sobre las Trezientas de Juan de Mena, Sevilla (1499) y Granada (1505) [Hernán Núñez de Toledo, Las ‘Trezientas’ del famosíssimo poeta Juan de Mena con glosa. Julian Weiss & Antonio Cortijo Ocaña eds. https://web.archive.org/web/20110720075550/http://www.ehumanista.ucsb.edu/projects/Weiss%20Cortijo/].
 L. Annaei Senecae Opera, Basilea, 1529. Se hicieron diez ediciones hasta 1627.
Observationes Fredenandi Pintiani in loca obscura et depravata Hist. Natur. C. Plinii, Salamanca, 1544.
Refranes de la lengua castellana, Salamanca, 1555. Hay edición crítica moderna, Refranes o proverbios en romance (1555) de Hernán Núñez. Edición crítica. Madrid, Ediciones Guillermo Blázquez, 2001; 2 vols.

References

1475 births
1553 deaths
16th-century Spanish writers
16th-century male writers
16th-century Spanish people
Academic staff of the University of Salamanca
Academic staff of the Complutense University of Madrid
Spanish Latinists
Paremiologists
Proverb scholars


Springfield High School is a public high school located in Springfield, Tennessee, United States.

Campus
Prior to 1925, the school was located on Main Street on the property where "The Center", the recreational center in Springfield, is located.  In 1925, the school moved to the former campus of Peoples-Tucker School, which had been closed.  The school remained on that campus until 1982 when it was moved to Highway 76 East at its present location.

Organization

Springfield High School consists of three main buildings: the main building, the vocational building, and the workout room.

The main building is divided into four separate halls (A, B, C, D, M, and V).

A-Hall contains computer classes, some mathematics classes, some Technology Department, the History Department, and the Guidance Department,
B-Hall contains the Social Sciences Department, some of the Art Department, and the English Department, in addition to most of the Foreign Language Department and the Yearbook Room.
C-Hall contains most of the Art Department, most of the Music Department, some of the Foreign Language Department,
D-Hall contains the Mathematics Department, Auditorium, Choir, in addition to most of the Technological/Business Department.
E-Hall contains the Science Department and the Theater control Balcony
M-Hall Contains most of the English Department, the library, Few Mathematics classes, Guidance Department and leads to the cafeteria.
The Vocational Building (V-Hall) contains Auto Mechanics, Agri-science, Culinary, Nursing, Construction and Criminal Justice Departments

Renovations and additions
Efforts to expand the school, merging the main and vocational buildings, began in early 2007. Among the additions to the school were a multi-story extension of B-Hall, a new Lecture Hall, a new gymnasium, and new offices. Construction finished in 2009.

On November 16, 2016, construction began on a new on-campus football and soccer field, which was completed in time to host its first game on August 25, 2017 against Clarksville. Prior to this the school played home games at nearby Springfield Middle School.

Athletics
The football team began in 1911.  The school's former football stadium, opened in 1939, is named for coach W. Boyce Smith, who coached from 1928-1971 and compiled a record of 288-166-34 (a winning percentage of 69.6%).

The 1993 Yellow Jacket football team won the TSSAA state championship in Class 3A, defeating McMinn Central 28-6 at Vanderbilt Stadium, to finish with a record of 13-2.

In December 2017, Springfield High School played in the 4-A State Championship at Tennessee Tech. They were beaten by Greeneville High School with a 54-13 score.

In December 2019, Springfield High School played in the 4-A State Championship at Tennessee Tech. They were defeated by Elizabethton High School with a score of 30-6.

References

4.  TSSAA Championship 4-A Results: https://tssaa.org/article/2019-bluecross-bowl-rewind

External links

Public high schools in Tennessee
Schools in Robertson County, Tennessee
1982 establishments in Tennessee


The  San Diego Chargers season was the franchise's second season in the National Football League (NFL), and its 12th overall. The team improved on their 5–6–3 record in 1970. It was Harland Svare's first season as the team's head coach. After a 1-4 start, the Chargers would slightly improve, winning 3 of their next 4 games. However, they would lose 3 of their final 5 games en route to a 6-8 finish. The only bright spot was quarterback John Hadl who completed 233 passes out of 431 attempts for 3,075 yards and 21 touchdowns and won the NFL Man of the Year award as well as leading the league in both passing yards and touchdown passes.

Offseason

NFL Draft

Roster

Regular season

Schedule

Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.

Game summaries

Week 1: vs. Kansas City Chiefs

Week 2: vs. Oakland Raiders

Week 3: at Pittsburgh Steelers

Week 4: at Kansas City Chiefs

Week 5: at Denver Broncos

Week 6: vs. Buffalo Bills

Week 7: vs. New York Jets

Week 8: at New York Giants

Week 9: vs. St. Louis Cardinals

Week 10: at Oakland Raiders

Week 11: at Cincinnati Bengals

Week 12: vs. Minnesota Vikings

Week 13: vs. Denver Broncos

Week 14: at Houston Oilers

Standings

References

San Diego Chargers
San Diego Chargers seasons
San Diego Chargers f


Pennsylvania State Senate District 20 includes parts of Luzerne County and Wayne County and all of Pike County, Susquehanna County, and Wyoming County. It is currently represented by Republican Lisa Baker.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Luzerne County

 Ashley
 Courtdale
 Dallas
 Dallas Township
 Edwardsville
 Exeter
 Exeter Township
 Fairmount Township
 Forty Fort
 Franklin Township
 Hanover Township
 Harveys Lake
 Hunlock Township
 Jackson Township
 Kingston
 Kingston Township
 Lake Township
 Larksville
 Lehman Township
 Luzerne
 Nanticoke
 Newport Township
 Plymouth
 Plymouth Township
 Pringle
 Ross Township
 Sugar Notch
 Swoyersville
 Union Township
 Warrior Run
 West Wyoming

All of Pike County

All of Susquehanna County

Wayne County

 Berlin Township
 Bethany
 Buckingham Township
 Clinton Township
 Damascus Township
 Dyberry Township
 Hawley
 Lebanon Township
 Manchester Township
 Mount Pleasant Township
 Oregon Township
 Palmyra Township
 Paupack Township
 Preston Township
 Scott Township
 Starrucca

All of Wyoming County

Senators

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
Government of Pike County, Pennsylvania
Government of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
Government of Wayne County, Pennsylvania
Government of Wyoming County, Pennsylvania


Pennsylvania State Senate District 22 includes parts of Lackawanna County and Luzerne County. It is currently represented by Democrat Marty Flynn.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Lackawanna County

 Benton Township
 Clarks Green
 Clarks Summit
 Dalton
 Dickson City
 Dunmore
 Glenburn Township
 Greenfield Township
 La Plume Township
 Moosic
 Newton Township
 North Abington Township
 Old Forge
 Ransom Township
 Scott Township
 Scranton
 South Abington Township
 Taylor
 Throop
 Waverly Township
 West Abington Township

Luzerne County

 Avoca
 Dupont
 Duryea
 Hughestown
 Jenkins Township
 Laflin
 Laurel Run
 Pittston
 Pittston Township
 Plains Township
 West Pittston
 Wilkes-Barre
 Wilkes-Barre
 Wyoming
 Yatesville

Popular culture
This seat is the one represented by Robert Lipton and later competed for by Oscar Martinez on NBC's hit show The Office.

Senators

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania
Government of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
Government of Monroe County, Pennsylvania


USS Deimos may refer to:

, was launched 28 December 1942 and scuttled 23 June 1943
USS Deimos (AKL-40), was the former Army FS-500, acquired by the Navy 12 December 1951, and loaned to the Republic of Korea the same day

United States Navy ship names


Pennsylvania State Senate District 24 includes parts of Berks County and Montgomery County. It is currently represented by Republican Tracy Pennycuick.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Berks County

 Amity Township
 Bally
 Bechtelsville
 Boyertown
 Colebrookdale Township
 District Township
 Douglass Township
 Earl Township
 Hereford Township
 Longswamp Township
 Pike Township
 Rockland Township
 Topton
 Washington Township

Montgomery County

 Collegeville
 Douglass Township
 East Greenville
 Green Lane
 Limerick Township
 Lower Frederick Township
 Lower Pottsgrove Township
 Lower Salford Township
 Marlborough Township
 North Wales
 New Hanover Township
 Pennsburg
 Perkiomen Township
 Pottstown
 Red Hill
 Schwenksville
 Skippack Township
 Towamencin Township
 Trappe
 Upper Frederick Township
 Upper Gwynedd Township
 Upper Hanover Township
 Upper Pottsgrove Township
 Upper Salford Township
 West Pottsgrove Township

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Berks County, Pennsylvania
Government of Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Government of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania


These are the official results of the Men's Discus Throw event at the 1999 World Championships in Seville, Spain. There were a total number of 37 participating athletes, with the final held on Tuesday August 24, 1999.

Medalists

Schedule
All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)

Abbreviations
All results shown are in metres

Qualification
 Held on Tuesday 1999-08-22 with the mark set at 65.00 metres

Final

See also
 1998 Men's European Championships Discus Throw (Budapest)
 2000 Men's Olympic Discus Throw (Sydney)
 2002 Men's European Championships Discus Throw (Munich)

References
 Results
 trackandfieldnews

D
Discus throw at the World Athletics Championships


The S-Phone system was a UHF duplex radiotelephone system developed during World War II for use by Special Operations Executive agents working behind enemy lines to communicate with friendly aircraft and coordinate landings and the dropping of agents and supplies. The system was composed of a "Ground" transceiver, designed by Captain Bert Lane, and an "Air" transceiver designed by Major Hobday, both of the Royal Signals.

Description
The "Ground" set - which was to be used by agents on the ground - weighed about  including batteries and was typically worn attached to its operator with two canvas straps. It was a highly directional unit which required the operator to face the path of the aircraft. It had the useful trait that transmitted signals could not be picked up by ground monitoring stations more than one mile distant; however, its signal was only good to , which brought the aircraft within range of flak. It permitted direct two-way voice communication with an aircraft up to a range of . While the S-Phone provided directional information to the pilot it gave no range information, although a pilot could tell when he was directly over the "Ground" operator because at that point no communication was possible.

The primary purpose of the S-Phone was not navigational as such; rather, it was to provide a reasonably secure channel for coded conversation between staff officers based in London and agents in the field, allowing for the exchange of orders and information. The security of a circuit was sometimes tested by using an officer who could recognize whether a voice was actually that of the agent who was supposedly speaking to him.

It was designed in late 1942, using some of the component parts of the Wireless Set No.37.

Use of the phone is shown in the post-war docu-drama Now It Can Be Told (aka School_for_Danger, 1946) on YouTube.

See also
Joan-Eleanor a similar system developed for the OSS

Specifications

General
Frequency: 337 MHz (TX) / 380 MHz (RX)
Output Power: 0.1 to 0.2 W

Notes

British military radio
World War II British electronics
Military radio systems


The 2007 Open Canada Cup was the 10th edition of the Canadian Soccer League's open league cup tournament running from July through early September. Trois-Rivières Attak defeated Columbus Clan F.C. 3-0 in the final played at Cove Road Stadium, London, Ontario. It was the Attak's first Open Canada Cup title and marked the first time in the tournament's history where a Quebec club won. The 2007 tournament was significant as it featured for the first time professional and amateur teams from Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia.

The British Columbia teams had their own regional qualifying matches with the winner of the British Columbia Provincial Soccer Championship the Columbus Clan F.C. receiving a bye to the semi-finals. All CSL clubs competed in the competition with the exception of Toronto Croatia which opted out in order to compete in the Croatian World Club Championship and the annual Croatian-North American Soccer Tournament. The remaining Ontario club were from the Ontario Soccer League, Ottawa Carleton Soccer League, and the Western Ontario Soccer League. With the exception of Trois-Rivières the remaining  Quebec club Jean-Talon 2007 represented the Concordia Regional Soccer League. London City were awarded the hosting rights to the semi-final, and final. As the host club London City were given a wild card match if they were defeated in the earlier rounds.

Qualification

Open Canada Cup bracket

Preliminary round (amateur teams)

Second round

Third round

Wild Card

Semifinals

Finals

Top scorers

References

Open Canada Cup
2007 domestic association football cups
2007 in Canadian soccer


The  San Diego Chargers season was the franchise's eleventh overall season and first season in the National Football League (NFL). As a result of the NFL-AFL Merger, where the league was broken into two conferences, each member of the American Football League was moved into the American Football Conference.

San Diego's 5-6-3 record was the first of seven consecutive losing seasons for the franchise. The 1970 Chargers are the last NFL team to record three ties in a single season, a record which will likely stand, as since the NFL adopted overtime for regular season games in 1974 no team has recorded more than one tie in a season.

Offseason

NFL Draft

Roster

Regular season

Schedule

Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.

Game summaries

Week 1: vs. Baltimore Colts

Week 2: vs. Oakland Raiders

Week 3: at Los Angeles Rams

Week 4: vs. Green Bay Packers

Week 5: at Chicago Bears

Week 6: vs. Houston Oilers

Week 7: at Cleveland Browns

Week 8: vs. Denver Broncos

Week 9: at Boston Patriots

Week 10: at Oakland Raiders

Week 11: at Kansas City Chiefs

Week 12: vs. Cincinnati Bengals

Week 13: at Denver Broncos

Week 14: vs. Kansas City Chiefs

Standings

Awards and honors

References

San Diego Chargers
San Diego Chargers seasons
San Diego Chargers season


Vivian Pickles (born 21 October 1931) is an English actress.

Biography
Pickles began her career as a child star after being chosen by Mary Field for a series of Saturday Morning children's films, including the lead roles in Jean's Plan (1944) and the serial The Adventures of Peter Joe (1945).

At the age of 14, she played Alice in George More O'Ferrall's BBC production of Alice in Wonderland which was broadcast live from Alexandra Palace in London. During this period, she acted at the Q Theatre in Vice Versa with Charles Hawtrey and made her West End debut as Wee Willie Winkie in Land of the Xmas Stocking at the Duke of York's Theatre, with Richard Goolden.

After being educated at  in Paris, she started her adult performing career acting in repertory and progressed to featured roles in West End revues. In 1952, she appeared with Roger Moore in I Capture the Castle at the Aldwych Theatre. The production won Roger Moore an MGM contract. When Moore left for Hollywood, Bill Travers assumed Moore's role.

In 1959, she worked with her future husband, Gordon Gostelow in Glimpse of the Sea by Willis Hall at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith. In February 1961, she appeared with Henry Kendall in the first performance of Pool's Paradise at the Phoenix Theatre. Pickles' imperious performance in the world première of John Osborne's Plays for England at the Royal Court Theatre (on 19 July 1962) received praise from Osborne in his autobiography, Looking Back. The following year, Pickles appeared with Peter O'Toole in London in Berthold Brecht's Baal at the Phoenix Theatre (in April 1963).

Hired by Ken Russell for a supporting role for his BBC film, Diary of a Nobody (1964), she graduated to the lead role in Russell's film about Isadora Duncan, Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World (1966) -- receiving several awards for her performance, including Best Actress at the Monte Carlo International Festival. In 1967, she appeared in Giles Cooper's BBC adaptation of Evelyn Waugh's Sword of Honour trilogy and also in Pride and Prejudice.

Her appearance in Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World helped Pickles win the role of Mrs. Chasen in Hal Ashby's Harold and Maude (1971), playing Harold's weary mother. It is the only American-based film she has made. In the booklet accompanying the soundtrack album of the film, Ashby was quoted,

"Vivian Pickles is one of the finest actresses in the world. I'd seen the thing that she did for Ken Russell – 'Isadora'".

Another memorable performance on British television was as Mary, Queen of Scots, in Elizabeth R (1971) with Glenda Jackson in the lead role. Around the same time she also worked with Jackson in John Schlesinger's film, Sunday Bloody Sunday (1971), in which she played the bohemian mother who employed Jackson as a babysitter. Other screen roles include Play Dirty (1969, with Michael Caine), The Looking Glass War (1970), Hello-Goodbye (1970), Nicholas and Alexandra (1971), Candleshoe (1977) and two films for Lindsay Anderson – O Lucky Man! (1973), in which she plays the good lady feeding the downtrodden in London and the pivotal role of the Matron in Britannia Hospital (1982). She also played Lady Montdore in the original Thames Television dramatisation of two books by Nancy Mitford, Love in a Cold Climate (1980).

Her later television films include Miss Morrison's Ghosts (1981) with Wendy Hiller, Alan Bennett's The Insurance Man (1986), with Daniel Day-Lewis and Jim Broadbent. On the stage, she worked in a work by Alan Bennett in the première production of Kafka's Dick at the Royal Court Theatre. She has also worked in productions for radio.

From 1990–1992 she appeared as Aunt Sylvie in Birds of a Feather.

In 1999, she was a guest star in the Midsomer Murders episode "Death's Shadow".

In 2014, she collaborated with writer Paul Sutton on the book Six English Filmmakers (978-0957246256), in which she talks about her work, particularly for Ken Russell's Isadora Duncan film.

References

External links

 Vivian Pickles

1931 births
Living people
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
Actresses from London
English child actresses
English film actresses
English stage actresses
English television actresses


Kevin John Bazzana (born 1963) is a Canadian music historian and biographer, best known for his works on the Canadian pianist Glenn Gould. Bazzana is a graduate of the University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada, and the University of California at Berkeley. He lives in Brentwood Bay, British Columbia.

Literary career
Kevin Bazzana has written two books about Gould, Glenn Gould: The Performer in the Work (1997) and Wondrous Strange: The Life and Art of Glenn Gould (2003). Wondrous Strange was nominated for the 2004 Edna Staebler Award for Creative Non-Fiction. Bazzana also wrote a book about Hungarian pianist Ervin Nyiregyházi, Lost Genius: The Story of a Forgotten Musical Maverick (2007). Lost Genius was a nominee for the 2008 Charles Taylor Prize.

Bazzana also wrote the liner notes for the 2007 Zenph Studios Re-Performance CD Bach: The Goldberg Variations on Sony BMG.

References

External links
 Author Spotlight: Kevin Bazzana at McClelland & Stewart

1963 births
Canadian music historians
Canadian male biographers
Living people
People from the Capital Regional District
20th-century Canadian male writers
21st-century Canadian non-fiction writers
20th-century Canadian biographers
21st-century Canadian biographers


The Al Mannai () tribe (plural: Al Mananea “AlMannaei()) is an Arab tribe, based primarily in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. In Bahrain, the traditional home of the tribe has been Galali village. Al Mannai family in Bahrain are known to be involved in natural pearl trade, The history of the Al-Mannai Family in the field of trading goes back to 1824 when Mr. Salem Bin Darwish Al Mannai, the head of the dam family established the pearl trading business in Bahrain.

Al Mannai tribes are located in the whole Persian Gulf area, especially in Qatar and Bahrain. This is demonstrated by the establishment of one of the largest Corporations in Qatar, the Mannai Corporation, which has interest in Steel, Information Technology, Consumer Products, Automobiles..etc. Its subsidiary entities are extended world wide and has bases in international locations.

Al Mannai today has many known tribes, such as:
 Al-Badeed
 Al-Binejmy
 Al-Hashel
 Al-Salam
 Al-bughadeer
 Al-Ibrahim
 Al-Najam
 Al-Salah
 Al-Hamad
 Al-Khamis
 Al-Najim
 Al-Rumul

The Mannai family brought out other family names such as Attiyah() .

The mother of Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, the former Emir of Qatar, is from the Attiyah family.

In Qatar, the Al Mannai were historically based in the village of Abu Dhalouf. J. G. Lorimer, a British historian, stated that in 1978 the village was inhabited by 70 families of the Al Mannai tribe.

References

External links
 Al Mannai website

Tribes of Arabia
Qatari families
Bahraini families
Bedouin groups


Love Won Out, later known as True Story was an ex-gay ministry.

History
It was launched by Focus on the Family in 1998. It was founded by John Paulk. Its website's stated purpose was "to exhort and equip Christian churches to respond in a Christ-like way to the issue of homosexuality." The mission statement read, "To provide a Christ-centered, comprehensive conference which will enlighten, empower and equip families, church and youth leaders, educators, counselors, policy-makers, and the gay community on the truth about homosexuality and its impact on culture, family, and youth." Love Won Out was sold to a former affiliate Exodus International as a downsizing measure of Focus on the Family.  In 2012, Exodus International also presented the conferences under the name True Story. On June 19, 2013, Exodus International President Alan Chambers announced the board of directors had voted unanimously to disband and close.  Alan Chambers offered an apology to the gay community and reversed his stance on the past teachings of Exodus International's ministry.

Views
Love Won Out's stated objective was to help men and women "who struggle with unwanted same-sex attractions", believing that "same-sex attractions can be overcome", and asserting that "there are no conclusive studies supporting any specific biological or genetic cause for homosexuality". It was the opinion of Love Won Out that "the foundation of society for the family is marriage of a man and a woman for life ... Scripture is very clear in its condemnation of homosexual conduct, for such sin is a deviation from God's creation and design." The psychologist James Dobson adds that God loves the homosexual as much as any other person.

Love Won Out believed that the Bible regards homosexual conduct as sin. James Dobson stated "The sin of homosexual behavior, like all sins, can be forgiven and healed by the grace revealed in the life and death of Christ.  All sexual sin affects the human personality like no other sin, for sexual issues run deep in our character, and change is slow and uphill - but is possible nonetheless."

Love Won Out said that "The media and others have misrepresented male homosexuality as a pre-determined, biological condition", and that "Contrary to the popular myth that homosexuality is genetic, same-sex attraction is a preventable and treatable condition". The conferences focus on what it terms "the family dynamics that can lead to the development of same-sex desires", stressing that homosexuality is abnormal, claiming, "The goal of gay activists is to 'overhaul' America with the message that homosexuality is normal and healthy."

The conference addressed "the Pro-Gay Agenda in Your School", offering reference material and sample letters to educators and parents to have parental notification prior to class discussion of any issues surrounding sexuality.  Homosexuality being mentioned in schools non discrimination policy's, homosexual student clubs, programs to stop homophobia hate or bias, Pro-homosexual literature in school libraries, openly gay teachers, AIDS sex ed programs, outside gay friendly groups, recognition of gay pride month, exhibits or films on families headed by homosexuals, silencing students and parents who voiced concerns, and diversity workshops were discussed as determining the level of "Homosexual Promotion" in your school.

Love Won Out wanted to help people who want to understand factors that lead to homosexuality and assist those who struggle with unwanted same-sex attractions. They taught that the root cause of homosexuality is a gender-identity problem. According to their belief, homosexuality in males is caused by a "dominant mother with a quiet, withdrawn, non expressive and/or hostile father, and an introverted, artistic, imaginative son." They also believe that this is accompanied by poor communication between the mother and the father, and the son having a closer relationship with the mother and an antagonistic relationship with the father.

Love Won Out concurred with one position of the American Psychiatric Association when it states "some people believe that sexual orientation is innate and fixed; however, sexual orientation develops across a person's lifetime," though the APA also states, "All major professional mental health organizations have gone on record to affirm that homosexuality is not a mental disorder."

Homosexuality and politics
Love Won Out claimed that the goal of the "gay agenda" is "Normalization through desensitization, Undermining parental moral authority, and equating homosexuality to heterosexuality."

James Dobson states in the forward of the conference guide:

There is no evidence that homosexuals as a class are discriminated against in the present society.  They are not like African-Americans, Hispanics, or other historically disadvantaged groups, for their identity is based on changeable behavior ...

Love Won Out stated that "marriage will continue to be 'redefined'" and that Same-Sex Marriage may mean for our society: "possible threats to freedom of speech and religious liberty." The conference made a point to "effectively argue for the benefits of traditional marriage to their friends, co-workers and legislators," and says that gay marriage is not in the best interest of families and children. The organization stated that same-sex marriage places adult desires above the best interest of our children, "same-sex marriage intentionally creates motherless or fatherless families."

Conferences
Love Won Out held conferences multiple times a year throughout the United States; as of October 2008, 52 conferences had been held. The conferences said they "exist to help men and women dissatisfied with living homosexually understand that same-sex attractions can be overcome." Conferences have counseling sessions, seminars on homosexuality and advice for families with gay or lesbian relatives.  There were also group lectures, where participants hear "powerful stories of ex-gay men and women."  In addition, conferences challenged Christian churches to reach out to the gay community.

Affiliation with NARTH

Love Won Out collaborated with NARTH. On November 4, 2006, Joseph Nicolosi represented NARTH at the Love Won Out Conference speaking on "Prevention of Male Homosexuality" and on "The Condition of Male Homosexuality". Nicolosi, who died in 2017, was the president and principal research investigator for NARTH, and clinical director of the Thomas Aquinas Psychological Clinic in Encino, Calif., where he worked with persons suffering undesired same-sex attraction.

Sale to Exodus International

Exodus International bought the Love Won Out conference in 2009. Gary Schneeberger, Focus on the Family's vice president of media and public relations issued a statement stating "... the conferences rarely have recouped the financial investment made in them ... Our financial challenges (at Focus on the Family) have led us to recognize a strategic opportunity that makes sense ..."

Exodus-affiliated groups had worked with homosexual persons, seeking to achieve "freedom from homosexuality" which Exodus believed included abstinence, lessening of same-sex attraction, and change of inappropriate gender roles. In June 2013, CEO Alan Chambers announced that the board of Exodus International voted unanimously to disband and close. "The Board of Directors reached a decision after a year of dialogue and prayer about the organization's place in a changing culture."

Criticism

Renunciation by founder

John Paulk, the founder of LWO, formally renounced the organization in April 2013, saying (in part):

Apology to gay community
Alan Chambers, the CEO of Exodus International and parent company of the Love Won Out Conference, which had held recent conferences under the name True Story, formally apologized to the gay community in June 2013 for the damage done by reparative therapy, and ended the 37-year-old Exodus International ministry.

Truth Wins Out

Truth Wins Out, an organization formed by Wayne Besen, is a leading critic of ex-gay ministries and of the Love Won Out conferences.
Truth Wins Out often held protests and demonstrations outside the Love Won Out conferences to shed light on what they called "anti gay religious extremism."

Truth Wins Out executive director Wayne Besen, who has been tracking and opposing "ex-gay" therapies for more than a decade, issued a statement Thursday morning :

"The closing of Exodus is an earthquake that is shaking the very foundations of the 'ex-gay' industry. We feel vindicated with our efforts to expose these groups and reveal their great destruction. Although new groups are vying to fill the vacuum, the passing of Exodus casts a huge shadow of doubt on their work and cuts right to the heart of their credibility," Besen said.

Love Welcomes All conferences
On February 22, 2003, Jeff Lutes, MS, LPC and Paul Dodd, Dmin, LPC in Austin, Texas launched the first Love Welcomes All conference. The name came from a Soulforce direct action that took place in Kansas City, Missouri in June 2002. The conference brought together concerned citizens, mental health professionals and clergy to stand against what they called "misinformation and damage caused by Dobson's conference."

Soul Force released a statement on June 21, 2013, and a letter to Alan Chambers regarding the closure of Exodus International:

Love Came Out
In October 2008, a "Love Came Out" conference was organized to coincide with a Love Won Out conference in Colorado Springs, featuring "gay speakers who participated in so-called reparative programs and now question such faith-based attempts to change one's sexual orientation." James Dobson responded "Regardless of what the media might say, Focus on the Family has no interest in promoting hatred toward homosexuals or anyone else.  We also don't wish to deprive them of their basic constitutional rights. The Constitution applies to all of us."

See also

 Conversion therapy
 Homosexuality and Christianity
 Watchmen on the Walls

References

External links

Alan Chambers Apologizes June 2013 on OWN

Conversion therapy organizations
Focus on the Family
Organizations that oppose LGBT rights in the United States
Conservative organizations in the United States


Hurstbourne railway station served the village of Hurstbourne Priors in Hampshire, England. It was on the London and South Western Railway's West of England Main Line and was also the junction for the Fullerton to Hurstbourne Line. Trains for the Fullerton line started and stopped at Whitchurch, the next station to the east on the main line.

History
Passenger services were withdrawn on the Fullerton to Hurstbourne line in 1931, but Hurstbourne remained open for stopping services between Basingstoke and Andover until it closed in 1964. The site used to be occupied by a scrap metal dealer, but is now a new housing estate.

References

External links
 Hurstbourne station on navigable 1947 O. S. map

Former London and South Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1882
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1964
Disused railway stations in Hampshire
Beeching closures in England


Reflections in a Golden Eye is a 1941 novel by American author Carson McCullers.

It first appeared in Harper's Bazaar in 1940, serialized in the October–November issues. The book was published by Houghton Mifflin on February 14, 1941, to mostly poor reviews. The book was dedicated to the Swiss journalist, travel writer and novelist Annemarie Schwarzenbach (1908–1942), whom McCullers had met and befriended in the summer of 1940 (after the book was finished).

It was adapted as a 1967 film of the same name, featuring Elizabeth Taylor and Marlon Brando.

Conception
McCullers wrote the book in 1939, originally using the title "Army Post". She said the story had germinated when, as an adolescent, she had first stepped into the alien territory of Fort Benning in Georgia. A more direct inspiration came from a chance remark which her husband Reeves (an ex-soldier) made to her about a voyeur who had been arrested at Fort Bragg; a young soldier had been caught peeping inside the married officers' quarters.

McCullers wrote the novel while in Fayetteville, North Carolina, near Fort Bragg. After two months of arduous writing, she finished her manuscript and put it away in a dresser. She later said of it:

I am so immersed in my characters that their motives are my own. When I write about a thief, I become one; when I write about Captain Penderton, I become a homosexual man. I become the characters I write about and I bless the Latin poet Terence who said 'Nothing human is alien to me.'

Plot summary
The novel takes place at an army base in the U.S. state of Georgia. Private Ellgee Williams, a solitary man full of secrets and desires, has served for two years and is assigned to stable duty. After doing yard work at the home of Capt. Penderton, he sees the captain's wife nude and becomes obsessed with her.

Capt. Weldon Penderton and his wife Leonora, who grew up as an Army brat, have a fiery relationship, and she takes many lovers. Leonora's current lover, Major Morris Langdon, lives with his depressed wife Alison and her flamboyant houseboy Anacleto, near the Pendertons.

Capt. Penderton, as a closeted homosexual, realizes that he is physically attracted to Pvt. Williams, but remains unaware of the private's attraction to Leonora.

Reception and critical analysis
After its publication in 1941, the novel caused some consternation in Columbus, Georgia and at Fort Benning, where people speculated about the source of McCullers' tale.

According to author Michael Bronski, McCullers tackled the topics of "homosexuality, sadism, voyeurism, and fetishism while exploring the boundaries of eroticism, outsider status and the fragility of normal in the novel."

Anthony Slide, another 21st-century scholar, considers Reflections in a Golden Eye to be one of only four well-known gay novels in the English language in the first half of the 20th century. The other three are Djuna Barnes's Nightwood, Truman Capote's Other Voices, Other Rooms, and Gore Vidal's The City and the Pillar.

Adaptation

A 1967 film adaptation of Reflections in a Golden Eye was directed by John Huston. It stars Marlon Brando, Elizabeth Taylor, Julie Harris, Brian Keith and Robert Forster.

References
Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Reflections in a Golden Eye, Carson McCullers Project

1940s LGBT novels
1941 American novels
American LGBT novels
American novels adapted into films
Houghton Mifflin books
Novels by Carson McCullers
Novels first published in serial form
Novels set in Georgia (U.S. state)
Novels with gay themes
Works originally published in Harper's Bazaar


In molecular cloning, a vector is any particle (e.g., plasmids, cosmids, Lambda phages) used as a vehicle to artificially carry a foreign nucleic sequence – usually DNA – into another cell, where it can be replicated and/or expressed. A vector containing foreign DNA is termed recombinant DNA. The four major types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes.  Of these, the most commonly used vectors are plasmids.  Common to all engineered vectors are an origin of replication, a multicloning site, and a selectable marker.

The vector itself generally carries a DNA sequence that consists of an insert (in this case the transgene) and a larger sequence that serves as the "backbone" of the vector. The purpose of a vector which transfers genetic information to another cell is typically to isolate, multiply, or express the insert in the target cell. All vectors may be used for cloning and are therefore cloning vectors, but there are also vectors designed specially for cloning, while others may be designed specifically for other purposes, such as transcription and protein expression. Vectors designed specifically for the expression of the transgene in the target cell are called expression vectors, and generally have a promoter sequence that drives expression of the transgene.  Simpler vectors called transcription vectors are only capable of being transcribed but not translated: they can be replicated in a target cell but not expressed, unlike expression vectors. Transcription vectors are used to amplify their insert.

The manipulation of DNA is normally conducted on E. coli vectors, which contain elements necessary for their maintenance in  E. coli. However, vectors may also have elements that allow them to be maintained in another organism such as yeast, plant or mammalian cells, and these vectors are called shuttle vectors. Such vectors have bacterial or viral elements which may be transferred to the non-bacterial host organism, however other vectors termed intragenic vectors have also been developed to avoid the transfer of any genetic material from an alien species.

Insertion of a vector into the target cell is usually called transformation for bacterial cells, transfection for eukaryotic cells, although insertion of a viral vector is often called transduction.

Characteristics

Plasmids

Plasmids are double-stranded extra chromosomal and generally circular DNA sequences that are capable of replication using the host cell's replication machinery. Plasmid vectors minimalistically consist of an origin of replication that allows for semi-independent replication of the plasmid in the host. Plasmids are found widely in many bacteria, for example in Escherichia coli, but may also be found in a few eukaryotes, for example in yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Bacterial plasmids may be conjugative/transmissible and non-conjugative:
 conjugative - mediate DNA transfer through conjugation and therefore spread rapidly among the bacterial cells of a population; e.g., F plasmid, many R and some col plasmids.
 nonconjugative - do not mediate DNA through conjugation, e.g., many R and col plasmids.

Plasmids with specially-constructed features are commonly used in laboratory for cloning purposes.  These plasmid are generally non-conjugative but may have many more features, notably a "multiple cloning site" where multiple restriction enzyme cleavage sites allow for the insertion of a transgene insert.  The bacteria containing the plasmids can generate millions of copies of the vector within the bacteria in hours, and the amplified vectors can be extracted from the bacteria for further manipulation. Plasmids may be used specifically as transcription vectors and such plasmids may lack crucial sequences for protein expression. Plasmids used for protein expression, called expression vectors, would include elements for translation of protein, such as a ribosome binding site, start and stop codons.

Viral vectors

Viral vectors are genetically engineered viruses carrying modified viral DNA or RNA that has been rendered noninfectious, but still contain viral promoters and also the transgene, thus allowing for translation of the transgene through a viral promoter. However, because viral vectors frequently are lacking infectious sequences, they require helper viruses or packaging lines for large-scale transfection. Viral vectors are often designed for permanent incorporation of the insert into the host genome, and thus leave distinct genetic markers in the host genome after incorporating the transgene. For example, retroviruses leave a characteristic retroviral integration pattern after insertion that is detectable and indicates that the viral vector has incorporated into the host genome.

Artificial chromosomes

Artificial chromosomes are manufactured chromosomes in the context of yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs), bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), or human artificial chromosomes (HACs). An artificial chromosome can carry a much larger DNA fragment than other vectors. YACs and BACs can carry a DNA fragment up to 300,000 nucleotides long. Three structural necessities of an artificial chromosome include an origin of replication, a centromere, and telomeric end sequences.

Transcription
Transcription of the cloned gene is a necessary component of the vector when expression of the gene is required: one gene may be amplified through transcription to generate multiple copies of mRNAs, the template on which protein may be produced through translation. A larger number of mRNAs would express a greater amount of protein, and how many copies of mRNA are generated depends on the promoter used in the vector. The expression may be constitutive, meaning that the protein is produced constantly in the background, or it may be inducible whereby the protein is expressed only under certain condition, for example when a chemical inducer is added. These two different types of expression depend on the types of promoter and operator used.

Viral promoters are often used for constitutive expression in plasmids and in viral vectors because they normally force constant transcription in many cell lines and types reliably. Inducible expression depends on promoters that respond to the induction conditions: for example, the murine mammary tumor virus promoter only initiates transcription after dexamethasone application and the Drosophila heat shock promoter only initiates after high temperatures.

Some vectors are designed for transcription only, for example for in vitro mRNA production.  These vectors are called transcription vectors.  They may lack the sequences necessary for polyadenylation and termination, therefore may not be used for protein production.

Expression

Expression vectors produce proteins through the transcription of the vector's insert followed by translation of the mRNA produced, they therefore require more components than the simpler transcription-only vectors.  Expression in different host organism would require different elements, although they share similar requirements, for example a promoter for initiation of transcription, a ribosomal binding site for translation initiation, and termination signals.

Prokaryotes expression vector
 Promoter - commonly used inducible promoters are promoters derived from lac operon and the T7 promoter. Other strong promoters used include Trp promoter and Tac-Promoter, which are a hybrid of both the Trp and Lac Operon promoters.
 Ribosome binding site (RBS) - follows the promoter, and promotes efficient translation of the protein of interest.
 Translation initiation site - Shine-Dalgarno sequence enclosed in the RBS, 8 base-pairs upstream of the AUG start codon.

Eukaryotes expression vector
Eukaryote expression vectors require sequences that encode for:
Polyadenylation tail: Creates a polyadenylation tail at the end of the transcribed pre-mRNA that protects the mRNA from exonucleases and ensures transcriptional and translational termination: stabilizes mRNA production.
Minimal UTR length: UTRs contain specific characteristics that may impede transcription or translation, and thus the shortest UTRs or none at all are encoded for in optimal expression vectors.
Kozak sequence: Vectors should encode for a Kozak sequence in the mRNA, which assembles the ribosome for translation of the mRNA.

Features
Modern artificially-constructed vectors contain essential components found in all vectors, and may contain other additional features found only in some vectors:

Origin of replication: Necessary for the replication and maintenance of the vector in the host cell.
Promoter: Promoters are used to drive the transcription of the vector's transgene as well as the other genes in the vector such as the antibiotic resistance gene.  Some cloning vectors need not have a promoter for the cloned insert but it is an essential component of expression vectors so that the cloned product may be expressed.
 Cloning site: This may be a multiple cloning site or other features that allow for the insertion of foreign DNA into the vector through ligation.
Genetic markers: Genetic markers for viral vectors allow for confirmation that the vector has integrated with the host genomic DNA.
Antibiotic resistance: Vectors with antibiotic-resistance open reading frames allow for survival of cells that have taken up the vector in growth media containing antibiotics through antibiotic selection.
Epitope: Some vectors may contain a sequence for a specific epitope that can be incorporated into the expressed protein. It allows for antibody identification of cells expressing the target protein.
Reporter genes: Some vectors may contain a reporter gene that allow for identification of plasmid that contains inserted DNA sequence.  An example is lacZ-α which codes for the N-terminus fragment of β-galactosidase, an enzyme that digests galactose.  A multiple cloning site is located within lacZ-α, and an insert successfully ligated into the vector will disrupt the gene sequence, resulting in an inactive β-galactosidase.  Cells containing vector with an insert may be identified using blue/white selection by growing cells in media containing an analogue of galactose (X-gal). Cells expressing β-galactosidase (therefore does not contain an insert) appear as blue colonies. White colonies would be selected as those that may contain an insert. Other commonly used reporters include green fluorescent protein and luciferase.
Targeting sequence: Expression vectors may include encoding for a targeting sequence in the finished protein that directs the expressed protein to a specific organelle in the cell or specific location such as the periplasmic space of bacteria.
Protein purification tags: Some expression vectors include proteins or peptide sequences that allows for easier purification of the expressed protein. Examples include polyhistidine-tag, glutathione-S-transferase, and maltose binding protein. Some of these tags may also allow for increased solubility of the target protein. The target protein is fused to the protein tag, but a protease cleavage site positioned in the polypeptide linker region between the protein and the tag allows the tag to be removed later.

See also
Plasmid
Viral vector
Cloning vector
Expression vector
Hybrid vector
Minicircle
Recombinant DNA
Naked DNA
Vector (epidemiology), an organism that transmits disease
Human artificial chromosomes
Yeast artificial chromosomes
Bacterial artificial chromosomes
DNA vaccination

References

Further reading

External links
  Waksman Scholars introduction to vectors
A comparison of vectors in use for clinical gene transfer
Gene Transport Unit

Molecular biology
Gene delivery


Frederick Helsher Rath Jr. (born January 5, 1973) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Colorado Rockies in 1998.

Amateur career
A native of Dallas, Texas, Rath graduated in 1991 from Thomas Jefferson High School in Tampa, Florida, and joined Fred McGriff, Tino Martinez, Luis Gonzalez, Tony Larussa, Sam Militello, and Lenny Faedo as MLB alumni from Jefferson High. The New York Yankees selected Rath in the 29th round of the 1991 MLB Draft, but Rath opted to attend the University of South Florida, where he was a starting pitcher for four years. In 1992, he played collegiate summer baseball in the Cape Cod Baseball League for the Yarmouth-Dennis Red Sox.

Professional career
He was signed by the Minnesota Twins as an un-drafted amateur free agent in . Rath played his first professional season with their rookie league Elizabethton Twins in 1995 where he posted a 1.35 era in 33.1 innings, recording 50 strikeouts and 12 saves to lead the team.  In 1996, Rath made the Midwest League All-Star Team while playing for the Fort Wayne Wizards with 14 saves and a 1.51 era in 41.2 innings.  He also struck out 63 batters and walked just 10.  Rath earned a promotion to the Fort Myers Miracle after the all-star break and recorded another 4 saves in 29 innings of work. In 1997, Rath made the journey from Class A Fort Myers Miracle to Class AAA Salt Lake Buzz, where he combined for 17 saves with a 2.21 era in 83.1 innings of work.

Rath was added to Minnesota's Major League roster to start the 1998 season.  Just after the start of the season, Rath was placed on waivers and was selected by the Colorado Rockies and made his major league debut on July 29, 1998. He played during one season at the major league level for the Colorado Rockies.

During spring training of 1999, Rath was placed on waivers and selected by the Minnesota Twins and assigned to AAA Salt Lake Buzz. In 2000, Rath was traded to St. Louis Cardinals and assigned to AAA Memphis Redbirds and helped contribute to Memphis's championship season. Towards the end of 2000, Rath was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates for a player to be named, and assigned to AAA Nashville Sound; primarily a reliever, Rath was inserted into Nashville Sound's starting rotation. During spring training 2001, the St. Louis Cardinals completed Rath's trade by selecting him back from Pittsburgh Pirates, and assigned Rath to AAA Memphis. In 2002, Rath retired from the Chicago Cubs before the start of the season.

Personal
Rath's father, Fred Rath Sr. also played professionally for the Chicago White Sox in 1967 and 1968.  Rath now lives in Tampa, Florida, with his wife Kirstie and four children, Ashley, Eva, Freddy (III), and Austin.

See also
List of second-generation Major League Baseball players

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Colorado Rockies players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Dallas
Nashville Sounds players
Memphis Redbirds players
Salt Lake Buzz players
South Florida Bulls baseball players
Thomas Jefferson High School (Tampa, Florida) alumni
Yarmouth–Dennis Red Sox players


Tareq Abboushi is a Palestinian-American musician and composer who has spent time living and performing in both New York City and Ramallah.

His first instrument was the piano on which he practised western classical music before transitioning to jazz. He then studied for an B.M. in Jazz Piano from William Paterson University, during which time he also began playing the traditional Palestinian buzuq, a long-necked lute. His buzuq playing is influenced by his jazz sensibilities in its form of rhythms and phrasing.

Abboushi plays with many groups in the New York area and is the leader and composer of the Arabic/Jazz fusion quintet SHUSMO, which released its debut album One in 2005, and second album "Mumtastic" in 2011. He has also lectured on Arabic music at Columbia University, New York University, Juilliard School of Music, and the Museum of the City of New York.

References

External links
 Profile of Tareq Abboushi at the Institute for Middle East Understanding
 Biography at Shusmo Official Website
 Shusmo.com, the Official Website of the Quintet Shusmo
 Shusmo Page at Myspace.com

Living people
Palestinian musicians
William Paterson University alumni
Columbia University faculty
New York University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)


John van Reenen (26 March 1947 – 21 August 2018) was a South African graphic artist and discus thrower, who was best known for setting the world record in the men's discus event in 1975. He was drafted in the 14th round of the 1972 NFL Draft by the San Diego Chargers, despite never having played American Football.

Biography
John van Reenen was born on 26 March 1947 in Bethlehem, Free State, South Africa. As an athlete, his international competitive exposure was limited by the ban on South Africa from international games, imposed due to the apartheid regime at the time. He managed to compete overseas via representing his university Washington State University where he was pursuing his art studies on a scholarship (one of five offered to him) based on his athletics prowess. Van Reenen studied Fine Art throughout his athletics career, specialising in etchings.

In the 1970 season he twice broke the South African record while competing for WSU, but his major mark was in the spring of 1975, when on 14 March, at a meet in Stellenbosch, he threw 68.48m to set a new world record. He later won the British 3A's championship that year. Ten years on he won the South African national championships in 1985, 1986 and 1987.

Van Reenan became an artist and joined the studio of Jan Vermeiren. He lectured at the University of Stellenbosch his subject matter being Etchings. As an artist he found some success with his art having sold across the United States of America and throughout South Africa.

Van Reenen was inducted into the South African Sports Hall of Fame in February 2009 for his World Record Discus Throw.

References

External links
John van Reenen Online Art Gallery for further information about John van Reenen's athletics career and Art Career.
1975 Year Ranking

1947 births
2018 deaths
South African male discus throwers
World record setters in athletics (track and field)
White South African people
People from Bethlehem, Free State
Washington State Cougars men's track and field athletes
Washington State University alumni


Al-Nayrab () is a town in Syria, to the south-east of the city of Aleppo in northern Syria. With the urban development, the village was gradually absorbed by the city of Aleppo thus becoming part of it as a district.

Al-Nayrab is also an important archaeological site, having been excavated in 1926–27 by Augustin-Georges Barrois and Bertrand Carrière.

Etymology
Nayrab or Neyrab is the Syriac word for a flat land or water through the valley.

History
Salih ibn Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Abbas, the Abbasid governor of Bilad al-Sham (Syria), built the Bttiyas Palace on the hill of Nayrab.

Al-Nayrab was a village southeast of Aleppo, with the urbanization of the city have been included Nayrab. And is not located only 10 kilometers from the city center and the fact that the land was lying established by the French military airport, and after the independence was that the airport expansion to include airport and other civilian and military is known as  Nayrab Airport and has turned his name now to Aleppo International Airport. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Deir Jamal had a population of 10,018 in the 2004 census.

After the 1948 war, Palestinians migrated to the neighboring countries which have been receiving several thousand of them and landed in the barracks near the airport that had been brought by the French army to its soldiers and called the place then Nayrab camp for Palestinians refugees.

Economy
The plains of Nayrab are fertile plains where various types of vegetables are grown, in particular cucumbers. Nayrab produces reasonable quantities of olive and pistachio, and Damask rose, domestically known as "Ward Al-Jouri", which is the first product of Nayrab and exported to several countries where they are used in the manufacture of perfumes and is essentially in the installation of some medicines, foods and beverages.

See also
Bab al-Nairab
Neirab steles
Euphrates Syrian Pillar Figurines
Euphrates Handmade Syrian Horses and Riders

Bibliography

 Augustin-Georges Barrois and B. Carrière, Fouilles de l'école archéologique française de Jérusalem effectuées à Neirab du 24 septembre au 5 novembre 1926, pages 126-142, dans Syria, 1927, volume 8,  (online)
 Augustin-Georges Barrois and B. Carrière, Fouilles de l'école archéologique française de Jérusalem, effectuées à Neirab du 24 septembre au 5 novembre 1926, pages 201-212, dans Syria, 1927, volume 8,  (online)
 Augustin-Georges Barrois and M. Abel, Fouilles de l'école archéologique française de Jérusalem , effectuées à Neirab du 12 septembre au 6 novembre 1927, pages 187-206, dans Syria, 1928, volume 9,  (online)
 Augustin-Georges Barrois and M. Abel, Fouilles de l'école archéologique française de Jérusalem , effectuées à Neirab du 12 septembre au 6 novembre 1927, pages 303-319, dans Syria, 1928, volume 9,  (online)

References

External links
 Nayrab Web Site on the Internet(only in Arabic)
Neirab, articles from UNWRA

Aleppo
Neighborhoods of Aleppo
Archaeological sites in Syria


James Ervin may refer to:

James Ervin (politician) (1778–1841), U.S. Representative from South Carolina
Sam J. Ervin IV (born 1955), also known as Jimmy Ervin, American lawyer and jurist
Jim Ervin (footballer), Irish footballer in 2007 Setanta Sports Cup Final

See also
James Irvine (disambiguation)


Giuseppe Callegari (4 November 1841 – 14 April 1906) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Bishop of Treviso from 1880 to 1882 and as Bishop of Padua from 1882 until his death. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1903.

Biography
Giuseppe Callegari was born in Venice, and received the Sacrament of Confirmation on 23 November 1851. He studied at the Patriarchal Seminary of Venice, receiving the clerical tonsure on 18 December 1858 and the diaconate on 19 December 1863. Callegari was ordained to the priesthood on 26 March 1864 and then served as professor of the secondary-school courses and of moral theology (1865–1873) at the patriarchal seminary. He did pastoral work in Venice from 1865 to 1880 as well, and was named counselor of its ecclesiastical tribunal in 1878 and later its prosynodal examiner. A contributing writer to Il Veneto Cattolico, he became a very close friend of Giuseppe Sarto, the future Pope Pius X.

On 28 February 1880, Pope Leo XIII appointed Callegari as Bishop of Treviso, to succeed the recently deceased Federico Maria Zinelli. He was granted a Papal dispensation for not holding a degree. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 11 March from Patriarch Domenico Agostini, with Bishops Giovanni Berengo and Giuseppe Apollonio serving as co-consecrators, in St Mark's Basilica. He was given the title of Assistant at the Pontifical Throne on 24 August 1882 and named Bishop of Padua on 25 September that year, whilst retaining the administration of Treviso until the appointment of his successor.

In 1892, Callegari was offered the patriarchate of Venice but declined, recommending Bishop Giuseppe Sarto instead. He also served as President of Società Scientifica dei Cattolici Italiani. Sarto, having been elected Pope on 4 August 1903, created Callegari Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria in Cosmedin in his first consistory, on the following 9 November.

He died in Padua at age 64. He is buried in the shrine of Arcella.

References

External links
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

1841 births
1906 deaths
20th-century Italian cardinals
Bishops of Padua
Bishops of Treviso
19th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
20th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
Cardinals created by Pope Pius X
Clergy from Venice


Rex Clive Richards (4 February 1934 – 6 March 1989) was a Welsh international rugby union player. He gained his only cap against France at Cardiff on 24 March 1956, Wales winning 5–3. He played for Cross Keys RFC until 1955 before heading to Hollywood to try to make his fortune as an actor.

He had a number of roles, including the King of Wongo in Wild Women of Wongo in 1958. In 2008, the film was given a special screening in Cross Keys, where Richards had spent his playing career; it was the first time the film had been shown in the town.

Richards narrowly missed out on at least one role that would have made him internationally famous. He auditioned to play Tarzan and out of 1,000 people he got down to the final two, just missing out to Gordon Scott.

His nephew Julian Richards is a film director.

References

External links

1934 births
1989 deaths
20th-century Welsh male actors
Cross Keys RFC players
Monmouthshire County RFC players
Rugby union players from Newport, Wales
Rugby union props
Wales international rugby union players
Welsh male film actors
Welsh rugby union players


Thomas Brown (born May 15, 1986) is an American football coach and former running back who is the offensive coordinator for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). Brown previously served as the offensive coordinator and running backs coach at the University of Miami. He played college football at Georgia. Thereafter, he played professionally in the NFL for the Atlanta Falcons and the Cleveland Browns.

College career
Brown was a freshman All-SEC selection in 2004 after totaling 172 carries for 875 yards and eight touchdowns as well as 16 receptions for 150 yards, amassing 1,043 all-purpose yards. He had 100-yard games against Vanderbilt Commodores, Arkansas Razorbacks, Kentucky Wildcats, and Wisconsin Badgers. In addition to his All-SEC selection, he was the recipient of the Offensive Newcomer of the Year Award and the team’s Victors Club Award.

Brown continued to be productive in his second year, starting all 12 games and leading the Bulldogs with 736 yards and four touchdowns on 147 attempts. He added 67 yards on six receptions and returned two kickoffs for 19 yards. His season-high of 146 rushing yards on 20 carries against South Carolina. A 9-yard halfback touchdown pass to quarterback Joe Tereshinski, playing for the injured D.J. Shockley, came against the Florida Gators. Brown also ran for a career-long 52-yard touchdown against West Virginia in the 2006 Nokia Sugar Bowl.

In 2006, Brown started in five of seven games while registering 62 carries for 256 yards and one touchdown and also added seven catches for 71 yards. He returned 15 kickoffs for 379 yards with a school record 99-yard kickoff return against Tennessee. He averaged 100.9 all-purpose yards per game after tallying 706 for the season. A torn ACL against Vanderbilt sidelined Brown for the rest of the season.

Brown rushed for 779 yards on 148 attempts and 10 touchdowns in his senior season at Georgia in 2007 despite sitting out for three games with a broken collarbone and splitting playing time with talented redshirt freshman Knowshon Moreno. He also caught 10 passes for 84 yards and two scores. Returned 15 kickoffs for 333 yards (22.2 avg.) while amassing 1,196 all-purpose yards, an average of 119.6 yards per game.

During his senior season, Brown was named SEC Offensive Player of the Week after running for a career-high 180 yards and three touchdowns against the University of Mississippi.  Appeared in 10 games, starting in six, including the  2008 Sugar Bowl against Hawaii.

Professional career

Atlanta Falcons
Brown was drafted by the Atlanta Falcons in the sixth round of the 2008 NFL Draft. His rookie season was cut short by a horse collar tackle during the preseason, landing him on injured reserve. He was waived prior to the following season on September 5, 2009.

Cleveland Browns
Brown was signed to the Cleveland Browns practice squad on November 10, 2009. He was promoted to the active roster on January 2, 2010 after linebacker David Veikune was placed on injured reserve. He was released June 17, 2010.

Coaching career

Early Coaching Career
In 2012, Brown was hired as running backs coach for the Chattanooga Mocs. In 2013, Brown was hired at the same position for the Marshall Thundering Herd.

Wisconsin
On February 24, 2014, Brown was hired to be the Wisconsin Badgers running back coach.

Georgia
On February 16, 2015, Brown returned to his alma mater as the running backs coach at University of Georgia under head coach Mark Richt, under whom Brown played.  The move united the position coach of the 2014 NCAA rushing yards leader, Melvin Gordon, with one of the nation's most prolific returning running backs in Nick Chubb.

Miami
On December 30, 2015, Brown was hired to be the running backs coach and offensive coordinator at the University of Miami, where he would work under Mark Richt again.

South Carolina
On January 9, 2019, Brown was named the running backs coach at the University of South Carolina.

Los Angeles Rams
On February 12, 2020, Brown joined the Los Angeles Rams coaching staff as running backs coach. He was given the additional title of assistant head coach on February 23, 2021. Brown won Super Bowl LVI when the Rams defeated the Cincinnati Bengals 23-20. In 2022 he transitioned from running backs coach to the team’s tight ends coach while retaining the assistant head coach title.

Carolina Panthers
On February 17, 2023, Brown was hired as an offensive coordinator by the Carolina Panthers.

References

External links
 Carolina Panthers bio

1986 births
Living people
African-American coaches of American football
African-American players of American football
American football running backs
Atlanta Falcons players
Carolina Panthers coaches
Cleveland Browns players
Chattanooga Mocs football coaches
Georgia Bulldogs football coaches
Georgia Bulldogs football players
Los Angeles Rams coaches
Marshall Thundering Herd football coaches
Miami Hurricanes football coaches
People from Tucker, Georgia
South Carolina Gamecocks football coaches
Players of American football from DeKalb County, Georgia
Wisconsin Badgers football coaches
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people
National Football League offensive coordinators


Red Lion Airport  is a private-use airport located  south of the central business district of the Vincentown section of Southampton Township, in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. The airport is privately owned.

References

External links

Airports in New Jersey
Transportation in the Pine Barrens (New Jersey)
Southampton Township, New Jersey
Transportation buildings and structures in Burlington County, New Jersey


Pierre Étaix (; 23 November 1928 – 14 October 2016) was a French clown, comedian and filmmaker. Étaix made a series of short- and feature-length films, many of them co-written by influential screenwriter Jean-Claude Carrière. He won an Academy Award for best live action short film in 1963. Due to a legal dispute with a distribution company, his films were unavailable from the 1970s until 2009.

As an actor, assistant director and gag writer, Étaix worked with the likes of Jacques Tati, Robert Bresson, Nagisa Oshima, Otar Iosseliani and Jerry Lewis, the last of whom cast the comedian in his unreleased film The Day the Clown Cried.

Biography
Étaix was born in 1928 in Roanne, France. He was trained as a graphic designer and introduced to the art of stained glass by Théodore-Gérard Hanssen.  He settled in Paris where he worked as a magazine illustrator while performing in cabarets and music halls, such as The Golden Horse, The Three Donkeys, ABC, the Alhambra, Bobino and Olympia, and a circus performer with the clown Nino.

He met Jacques Tati in 1954 and worked as a draftsman and gagman on Tati's film Mon Oncle (1958), including the creation of the film's promotional poster, then as assistant director. According to many film critics as well as his fellow film makers, Pierre Étaix was a continuation of the great masters of slapstick and the comedy film the silent era such as Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, Harry Langdon, Max Linder, Charlie Chaplin, and Laurel and Hardy.

His first feature films as director were The Suitor (1962) and Yoyo (1965), where he paid homage to the circus world. He then directed an anthology film of four shorts, As Long as You've Got Your Health (1966), and  The Great Love (1969).  Both of these were co-written with Carrière.

Faced with the scarcity of French circus artists, Étaix decided to found the National Circus School (1973) with Annie Fratellini, whom he married in 1969, and wore a white clown suit during tours of their own circus, having long played the tramp.

Etaix died from complications of an intestinal infection on 14 October 2016 in Paris. He was 87.

Jerry Lewis once remarked that twice in his life he understood what genius meant: the first time when he looked up the definition in a dictionary, and the second time when he met Pierre Etaix.

Awards
Louis Delluc Prize, 1962, for Le Soupirant
Special Diploma, 1963, for Le Soupirant at the 3rd Moscow International Film Festival
 Academy Award, Best Short Subject, Live Action Subjects (1963), for Heureux anniversaire  shared with Jean-Claude Carrière
 Telluride Film Festival Silver Medallion, 2011
 Aardman Slapstick Visual Comedy Award, 2012
 Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres, 2013
 Grand Prize of the SACD (Society of Dramatic Authors and Composers), 2013

Filmography

As director
Rupture (1961) short
Insomnie (1962) short, incorporated into As Long as You've Got Your Health 1971 edition)
Heureux Anniversaire (Happy Anniversary, 1962) short
Le Soupirant (The Suitor, 1962)
Yoyo (1965)
Tant qu'on a la santé (As Long As You've Got Your Health, 1966, re-edited 1971)
Le grand amour (1969)
Pays de cocagne (Land of Milk and Honey, 1971) documentary
L'âge de Monsieur est avancé (1987) TV film
Méliès 88: Rêve d'artiste (1988) TV short
J'écris dans l'espace (1989) documentary featurette
En pleine forme (Feeling Good, As Long as You've Got Your Health segment, deleted 1971, released standalone 2010)
Unreleased

 Nous n'irons plus au bois (1961) short

TV series episodes

 Souris noire (1987)

Performances
Pickpocket (1959) - second accomplice
Tire-au-flanc 62 (The Army Game, 1960) - Le chef de gare (uncredited)
Rupture (1961, Short) - L'homme qui reçoit une lettre de rupture
Une grosse tête (1962)
Heureux anniversaire (1962, Short) - Le mari
Le Soupirant (1962) - Pierre, the Suitor
Le Pèlerinage (1962, Short)
Yo Yo (1965) - Yoyo / le millionaire
Tant qu'on a la santé (As Long As We've Got Our Health, 1966) - Pierre
Le Voleur (The Thief of Paris, 1967) - Le pickpocket (uncredited)
Le Grand Amour (1969) - Pierre
I Clowns (1970, TV Movie) - Himself
Bel Ordure (1973)
Sérieux comme le plaisir (1975) - Le garçon d'étage
Noctuor (1978, Short)
La Métamorphose (1983, TV Movie)
Max, mon amour (1985) - Le détective / Detective
Nuit docile (1987) - SOS Amor
L'âge de monsieur est avancé (1987) - L'auteur
Henry & June (1990) - Henry's Friend No. 1
Jardins en automne (Gardens in Autumn, 2006)
Lucifer et moi (2008)
Micmacs à tire-larigot (2009) - L'inventeur des histoires drôles (uncredited)
Chantrapas (2010) - Le producteur français
Le Havre (2011) - Docteur Becker
Chant d'hiver (2015) - Marquis-clochard
Unreleased

 The Day the Clown Cried (1972, unreleased) - Gustav

References

External links

1928 births
2016 deaths
People from Roanne
French clowns
French male actors
French film directors
Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres