Dewayne "D. J." White, Jr. (born August 31, 1986) is a video analyst for the Oklahoma City Thunder and a former American professional basketball player, who was selected in the first round of the 2008 NBA draft. Standing at , he played the power forward position. He spent the majority of his career playing overseas.

High school and college career
A Hillcrest High School standout, White led all freshmen in the Big Ten Conference in scoring during his freshman season with the Indiana Hoosiers. He was named by Rivals.com as a Freshman All-American, and was named a 5-star recruit by Scout.com. He was also selected as the Big Ten Freshman of the Year. In 2008, he was named Big Ten Player of the Year and to the First Team All-Big Ten. He was also named Second Team All-American in 2008.

College statistics

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2004–05
| style="text-align:left;"| Indiana
| 29 || 29 || 28.1 || .572 ||  || .709 || 4.9 || .8 || .5 || 2.2 || 13.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2005–06
| style="text-align:left;"| Indiana
| 5 || 3 || 17.8 || .528 ||  || .571 || 6.0 || 1.0 || .0 || .1.4 || 9.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2006–07
| style="text-align:left;"| Indiana
| 32 || 32 || 31.8 || .512 ||  || .685 || 7.3 || 1.3 || .9 || 2.3 || 13.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2007–08
| style="text-align:left;"| Indiana
| 33 || 33 || 33.5 || .605 || .333 || .689 || 10.3 || .8 || .8 || 1.6 || 17.4

|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 99 || 97 || 30.6 || .562 || .333 || .690 || 7.6 || .9 || .7 || 2.0 || 14.6

Professional career
White was drafted with the 29th pick of the 2008 NBA draft by the Detroit Pistons and traded the same day to the Seattle SuperSonics, who were relocating to Oklahoma City. White's rookie season was delayed when he had to undergo surgery on his jaw to remove a benign growth, causing him to miss the first five months of the season.  He finally made his professional debut for the Tulsa 66ers of the NBA D-League on March 18, 2009. In six games he played with Tulsa, he averaged 18.3 points and 7.2 rebounds per game. After that short stint, he was recalled by the Oklahoma City Thunder and made his NBA debut on April 5, 2009 against the Indiana Pacers. During his rookie season, White played in seven games for the Thunder and averaged 8.9 points and 4.6 rebounds.

In the 2009–10 season, White appeared in eight games with Oklahoma City, averaging 4.8 points and 1.9 rebounds, before requiring surgery in January to repair a fractured thumb. After recovering, White was once again assigned to the Tulsa 66ers on March 4, 2010. He was recalled just five days later on March 9 after averaging 23 points and 11 rebounds in four starts for Tulsa. On March 21, White received a standing ovation upon entering the contest during an away game against the Indiana Pacers in the state where he played in college. White scored six points and grabbed two rebounds in 10 minutes of playing time during the game.  White returned to the 66ers on April 7, 2010. For a total of 10 games he played for Tulsa that season, he averaged career-highs of 20.2 points and 11.1 rebounds in 39.2 minutes per game on the court. He even appeared in one NBA D-League playoff game for them, scoring 21 points, and having 5 rebounds and 4 assists.

For the beginning of the 2010–11 season, White was retained on the Thunder's 15-man roster, with the Thunder exercising its fourth-year contract option on White on October 25, 2010. On February 24, 2011, White and Morris Peterson were traded to the Charlotte Bobcats for Nazr Mohammed.

In September 2012, White signed with the Shanghai Sharks of China. On February 28, 2013, White signed a 10-day contract with the Boston Celtics. He signed a second 10-day contract with the Celtics on March 10, 2013. On March 20, 2013, White was signed to a multi-year contract by the Celtics.

On July 12, 2013, he was traded to the Brooklyn Nets as part of the blockbuster deal that brought Kevin Garnett and Paul Pierce to Brooklyn. He was subsequently waived by the Nets on July 18.

In September 2013, White joined the Chicago Bulls for their training camp. However, he was waived on October 26.

In November 2013, he signed with the Sichuan Blue Whales for the 2013–14 CBA season.

On March 21, 2014, he signed a 10-day contract with Charlotte Bobcats. On March 31, 2014, he signed a second 10-day contract with the Bobcats. On April 10, 2014, he signed with the Bobcats for the rest of the season.

On October 4, 2014, he signed a one-month deal with Laboral Kutxa Vitoria of the Liga ACB. On November 7, 2014, he parted ways with Laboral Kutxa after his contract expired. On November 25, 2014, he signed with the Fujian Sturgeons of China for the rest of the 2014–15 CBA season.

On July 7, 2015, White joined the Cleveland Cavaliers for the 2015 NBA Summer League. On August 26, 2015, he signed with Auxilium CUS Torino of Italy for the 2015–16 season. On July 22, 2016, he re-signed with Torino for one more season.

On July 8, 2017, White signed with the Turkish Basketball Super League club Gaziantep Basketbol. On December 6, 2017, he left Gaziantep and signed with the Turkish Basketball First League club Bahcesehir Basketbol.

In 2019, White joined Tofaş. He averaged 9.2 points, 2.8 rebounds and 1.3 assists per game. He re-signed with the team on August 22, 2020.

On August 15, 2022, he has announced his retirement from professional basketball.

Career statistics

NBA

Regular season

|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Oklahoma City
| 7 || 0 || 18.6 || .520 || .000 || .769 || 4.6 || .9 || .4 || .7 || 8.9
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Oklahoma City
| 12 || 0 || 8.5 || .610 || .000 || .900 || 1.9 || .3 || .4 || .3 || 4.9
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Oklahoma City
| 23 || 0 || 9.5 || .462 || .000 || .500 || 2.2 || .2 || .3 || .3 || 2.8
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Charlotte
| 24 || 0 || 19.4 || .526 || .000 || .759 || 4.4 || .6 || .3 || .5 || 8.5
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Charlotte
| 58 || 11 || 18.9 || .493 || 1.000 || .705 || 3.6 || .8 || .3 || .4 || 6.8
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Boston
| 12 || 0 || 7.2 || .522 || .000 || .556 || 1.1 || .3 || .1 || .5 || 2.4
|-
| align="left" |
| align="left" | Charlotte
| 2 || 0 || 5.0 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 1.0 || .0 || .5 || .0 || 0.0
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 138 || 11 || 15.3 || .507 || .333 || .720 || 3.2 || .6 || .3 || .4 || 5.9

Playoffs

|-
| align="left" | 2014
| align="left" | Charlotte
| 1 || 0 || 3.0 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 2.0 || .0 || .0 || .0 || 0.0
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 1 || 0 || 3.0 || .000 || .000 || .000 || 2.0 || .0 || .0 || .0 || 0.0

Family

White married his wife, Brittany, and has three children, Timiya, Avery, and Olivia.

References

External links

 NBA.com Profile

 Euroleague.net Profile
 Eurobasket.com Profile
 FIBA.com Profile
 D. J. White Indiana Hoosiers Biography

1986 births
Living people
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American sportspeople
African-American basketball players
All-American college men's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in China
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American expatriate basketball people in Turkey
American men's basketball players
Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino players
Bahçeşehir Koleji S.K. players
Basketball players at the 2007 Pan American Games
Basketball players from Alabama
Boston Celtics players
Charlotte Bobcats players
Detroit Pistons draft picks
Fujian Sturgeons players
Gaziantep Basketbol players
Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball players
Lega Basket Serie A players
Liga ACB players
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Oklahoma City Thunder players
Pan American Games competitors for the United States
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
Power forwards (basketball)
Saski Baskonia players
Shanghai Sharks players
Sichuan Blue Whales players
Sportspeople from Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Tofaş S.K. players
Tulsa 66ers players


Artigue (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Nanc-lès-Saint-Amour (, literally Nanc near Saint-Amour) is a former commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. On 1 April 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Les Trois-Châteaux.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Jura department

References

Former communes of Jura (department)


Mailholas is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The commune is bordered by four other communes: Rieux-Volvestre to the northwest, Montesquieu-Volvestre to the south, Bax to the southeast, and finally by Latrape to the east.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Mauressac () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The commune is bordered by four communes: Auterive to the northeast, Grazac to the southeast, Esperce to the southwest, and finally by Puydaniel to the northwest.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Mérenvielle is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Malvezie (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Baziège (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. Baziège station has rail connections to Toulouse, Carcassonne and Narbonne.

Population

Monument

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

External links

Official site

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Plaisance-du-Touch (, literally Plaisance of the Touch; , Gascon: Plasença deu Toish) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department, southwestern France. It has a fine church with a notable organ by the Toulouse builder Puget.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Plaisançois and Plaisançoises.

Geography

The commune is traversed by the river Touch.

International relations

Plaisance-du-Touch is twinned with:
 Lingfield, United Kingdom
 Carnate, Italy
 Utebo, Spain

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

External links

 Professionals of Plaisance du Touch

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Portet-sur-Garonne (, literally Portet on Garonne; Languedocien: Portèth de Garona) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. Portet-Saint-Simon station has rail connections to Foix, Tarbes, and Toulouse, which is the nearest big city, about 10 km away.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Portésiens in French.

See also
Camp du Récébédou
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Izaut-de-l'Hôtel (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Grenade (; Languedocien: Granada), also referred to as Grenade-sur-Garonne, is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

History
The town is a bastide founded in the 1290s on the initiative of the Cistercian monks of the Abbey of Grandselve who had founded Beaumont-de-Lomagne ten years earlier. The city is the subject of a paréage agreement between the monks and the seneschal Eustache de Beaumarchais representing King Philip IV. The new bastides created at this time are baptized with the names of large influential cities of the time, from Spain or Italy , such as Fleurance (Florence), or Cologne. Grenada is therefore called so to show that it is destined to be an influential city in the South West of France. It has also been suggested that Granada comes from the Latin Granat - meaning grain - as the region was noted for its agriculture. Later, when the king had regained control of the different regions of the South-West, a “network” of bastides was created. Under this royal protection, Granada prospered thanks to the cultivation of the cleared plains around it. Moreover, the initial plan of the city provided for more than 3,000 dwellings, but only 1,000 were built.

Population

Monuments

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
 Save (Garonne)

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Populated places established in the 1290s


Sauveterre-de-Comminges (, literally Sauveterre of Comminges; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


A log-linear model is a mathematical model that takes the form of a function whose logarithm equals a linear combination of the parameters of the model, which makes it possible to apply (possibly multivariate) linear regression. That is, it has the general form
,
in which the  are quantities that are functions of the variable , in general a vector of values, while  and the  stand for the model parameters.

The term may specifically be used for:
A log-linear plot or graph, which is a type of semi-log plot.
Poisson regression for contingency tables, a type of generalized linear model.

The specific applications of log-linear models are where the output quantity lies in the range 0 to ∞, for values of the independent variables ,  or more immediately, the transformed quantities   in the range −∞ to +∞. This may be contrasted to logistic models, similar to the logistic function, for which the output quantity lies in the range 0 to 1. Thus the contexts where these models are useful or realistic often depends on the range of the values being modelled.

See also
Log-linear analysis
General linear model
Generalized linear model
Boltzmann distribution
Elasticity

Further reading


TV kalendar () is a daily historical documentary television series produced and broadcast by Croatian Radiotelevision (HRT) on HRT 1, its first channel. Running continuously since 1976 and spanning more than 13,850 episodes, it is one of the HRT's most enduring television programs.

The programme was launched at the inspiration of Žarko Božić, former director of Television Zagreb. The first episode of was aired by the first channel of Radio Television Zagreb, then part of Yugoslav Radio Television, on January 3, 1976. The first collaborators of the show were Pavao Cindrić, a known historian from Zagreb, and Matko Peić, a versatile art expert. From 1976 to 1986 TV kalendar was jointly edited by Obrad Kosovac and Vladimir Fučijaš, leading a small team of collaborators. Fučijaš then became the sole editor until his retirement in 2001, when Kosovac returned to the editorial position. Kosovac retired at the end of 2010, and was succeeded by Vladimir Brnardić, a historian.

The programme often explored and discovered the events that failed, and first showed off many less known movie documents. In Sweden, the show's crew recorded the oldest Croatian flags from Thirty Years' War. They discovered the first Croatian pilots, Viktor Klobučar and Dragutin Novak, and found that the first speech in Croatian in the Parliament was held in 1809 and not in 1832, as has been said before. Even the famous Croatian singer Josip Kašman from 1895 could be heard, and the oldest preserved film recorded in Croatia at the end of the 19th century with the title Maneuver of the Austro-Hungarian Navy could be seen in the show. The show also reminded of the unusual encounter between the French Emperor Napoleon and Josip Jelačić, the future Croatian ban. Viewers help the editors of the show with historical research, so unknown events and human destinies, such as American heroes of Croatian origin Louis Cukela and Petar Herceg Tomić or forgotten artists Drage Hauptfeld and Mijo Čorak Slavenske have been revealed.
The TV calendar was awarded in 1979 by the Golden Feather of the Society of Journalists of Croatia, also it received many compliments, like 10-minute giant or Favorite Professor of History. Especially emphasized is the richness of content and film material.

TV kalendar used to be shown at 19:15 — just before the evening news — garnering high ratings, but has since been rescheduled to a less popular morning time slot. , it is aired at 6:15, repetitions are at 11:45 and 16:45.

Apart from airing on television, some contributions from the show can be seen on the show's Facebook page. The number of its users is constantly increasing. Currently, there are more than 10,000 active followers of the page, while the content of the site reaches almost 100,000 users.

References

1976 Yugoslav television series debuts
Croatian television series
1970s documentary television series
Historical television series
1970s in Croatian television
1980s in Croatian television
1990s in Croatian television
2000s in Croatian television
2010s in Croatian television
1970s Yugoslav television series
1980s Yugoslav television series
1980s documentary television series
1990s documentary television series
2000s documentary television series
2010s documentary television series


Gathering Day is a Welsh festival of the summer solstice, so called because it was the time when druids gathered mistletoe and other plants for use in winter. The energy of plants harvested at Midsummer was believed to be very potent, hence herbs were collected then for medicinal use; these herbs included mugwort and vervain.

This festival marks the first of the three harvests of the year and the time for collecting young tender vegetables such as peas, beans and early fruits. It is also the time for the collection of honey.

Historical references
 In August 1402, the Gathering Day festival had to be postponed till September when Henry IV faced a threat of invasion of the North from the Duke of Albany and the Earl of Douglas with a large army of Scots.
 It is believed that till 1917 the town of Killorglin in Kerry followed the tradition of the puck or he-goat which was collected by the youth of the town, crowned as king, put on display for three days and then paraded in the town. The goat's reputation as a randy creature may hint at the licentious behaviour common during this festival. Although believed by locals to be a very ancient festival, experts believe that it cannot be more than 300 years old due to the usage of the term puck and the goat's lack of symbolic significance in Celtic culture.

See also
 Calan Awst
 Harvest festival
 Puck Fair

Notes

Further reading
 Trefor M. Owen, Welsh Folk Customs, Gomer, Llandysul, 1987
 Trefor M. Owen, The Customs and Traditions of Wales, University of Wales Press and the Western Mail, Cardiff, 1998
 Marie Trevelyan, Folk-lore and Folk-stories of Wales, EP Publishing, Wakefield, 1973.

Welsh culture
June observances


Nance () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Carbonne (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The A64 autoroute passes near the village. Carbonne station on the Toulouse–Bayonne railway has rail connections to Toulouse, Pau and Tarbes.

It is situated at the confluence of the river Arize into the Garonne. There is a hydro-electrical dam located at the Garonne.

The commune is bordered by nine other communes: Longages to the north, Capens to the northeast, Marquefave to the east, Lacaugne and Latrape to the southeast, Rieux-Volvestre to the south, Salles-sur-Garonne to the southwest, Lafitte-Vigordane to the west, and finally by Peyssies to the northwest.

Population

Economy
Agriculture based on the culture of cereals (maize, wheat, ...) still has an important place but tends to diminish in favour of residential zones, due to the proximity of the agglomeration of Toulouse.

International relations

Carbonne is twinned with:
 Galliera Veneta (Italy)
 Monmouth (Wales)
 Korschenbroich (Germany) since 1988
 Fuente Obejuna (Spain)

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
André Abbal

References

External links

official site

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Languedoc


Beaumont-sur-Lèze (, literally Beaumont on Lèze; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. According to the 2008 census it had a population of 1485, increasing to 1557 at the 2018 census.

Geography
The Lèze forms part of the commune's southwestern border, flows northeastward through the middle of the commune and crosses the village. The border between Beaumont-sur-Lèze and Montaut is formed both land and river borders. The commune is very near to the capital of the arrondissement of Muret, Muret.

The commune is bordered by eight other communes: Eaunes to the north, Lagardelle-sur-Lèze to the northeast, Muret to the northwest, Le Fauga to the west, Mauzac to the southwest, Montaut across by the river Lèze and the land border to the south, and finally by Auribail to the southeast.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Belbèze-de-Lauragais (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Nogna () is a commune in the Jura department and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Belbèze-en-Comminges (, literally Belbèze in Comminges; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


The Andrew McNally House in Altadena, California was the home of Andrew McNally (1838–1904), co-founder and president of the Rand McNally publishing company. The Queen Anne Style house is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. It remains a private house.

McNally was an Irish immigrant who worked as a printer. When he came to the United States, he first worked for the Chicago Tribune when he met William Rand. Together they formed the company that bears their names. In 1880, McNally took his fortune and family and moved west They lived for a time in Pasadena, California before building their mansion in Altadena in 1887. The mansion is located on East Mariposa Street at Santa Rosa Avenue. McNally was a booster of the life in Altadena, and he convinced his friends to move here as well. They also built mansions along Mariposa, which soon began to be known locally as "Millionaire's Row".

McNally paid Pasadena architect Frederick Roehrig $15,000 to design the Victorian house. Facing south, away from the street, the house offered vistas of the Los Angeles Basin, the Pacific Ocean, and Santa Catalina Island. The house has a three-story rotunda that allows a view to the San Gabriel Mountains to the north. McNally also built a private rail spur from Altadena Junction to his property to store his private railroad car. The grounds were lavishly landscaped, with an aviary along Mariposa St. His gardener also looked after the deodar cedars that grew along Santa Rosa Avenue. These trees became Christmas Tree Lane, which is also listed in the National Register.

In 1904, McNally caught pneumonia while en route to his Windemere Ranch in La Mirada, California. (The ranch headquarters is also listed in the National Register.) He died shortly afterward. The gardens and aviary were neglected, some of the birds escaped. The property was then subdivided.

The Dupuy family bought the house in 1955 and restored it. The Dupuy family sold the house in 2021.

Notes

References
Peterson, Robert H. Altadena's Golden Years. Alhambra, California: Sinclair Printing and Litho, Inc., 1976.
Zack, Michele. Altadena: Between Wilderness and City. Altadena, California: Altadena Historical Society, 2004.

External links

Houses in Altadena, California
San Gabriel Valley
History of Los Angeles County, California
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in California
Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Los Angeles County, California
Victorian architecture in California
Queen Anne architecture in California
1887 establishments in California
Houses completed in 1887


Bellegarde-Sainte-Marie (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Bélesta-en-Lauragais () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as  Bélestais and Bélestaises.

Astronomical observatory
A group of amateur astronomers formed the Association pour le Développement Amateur d’un Grand Instrument d’Observation (ADAGIO), which established the Bélesta Observatory in 1996. In 2019, the association donated the land from the Bélesta Observatory to the Société astronomique de France, with ADAGIO remaining the owner and operator of the telescopes.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Bellesserre is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Bérat is a village and commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The commune is traversed by the river Touch.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Bois-de-la-Pierre (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. According to the 2018 census the commune had a population of 437.

Geography
The commune is bordered by five other communes: Bérat to the north, Longages to the northwest, Peyssies across the river Louge to the southeast, Gratens to the southwest, and finally by Labastide-Clermont to the west.

The river Louge flows through the commune, forming a border with Peyssies.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Boulogne-sur-Gesse (, literally Boulogne on Gesse; ) is a commune of the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The river Gesse forms most of the commune's eastern border, while the Gimone forms part of its southwestern and northwestern borders.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Bordes-de-Rivière (; ) is a commune of the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cabanac-Cazaux (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Buzet-sur-Tarn (, literally Buzet on Tarn; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. Roqueserière-Buzet station has rail connections to Toulouse, Albi and Rodez.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cabanac-Séguenville (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montoulieu-Saint-Bernard (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

In 1957 the remains of a gallo-roman bath were discovered on a farm in the commune. The excavations carried out revealed a small, remarkably preserved thermal complex composed of a colonade vestibule, a swimming pool, and 3 more or less warm rooms (caldarium, tepidarium and frigidarium).  Coins, fragments of amphorae and ceramics date its occupation in the 4th century AD.  It is likely that this complex belonged to a villa in the large agricultural estate of the roman villa of Chiragan.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montgiscard () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

Twin towns
Montgiscard is twinned with:

  Campolongo Tapogliano, Italy, since 2005

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Mourvilles-Basses (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Mourvilles-Hautes (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Moustajon (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Nailloux (; Languedocien: Nalhós) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Twin towns
Nailloux is twinned with:

  Canfranc, Spain
  Bucium, Romania

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Nénigan (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Geography
The river Gesse forms all of the commune's eastern border; the Gimone forms all of its western border.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Nizan-Gesse (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The river Gesse forms part of the commune's northwestern border.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Bonrepos-Riquet (; Languedocien: Bonrepaus Riquet) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Riquetois.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montaigut-sur-Save (, literally Montaigut on Save; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montastruc-de-Salies (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montastruc-la-Conseillère (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Montastrucoises and Montastrucois in French.

Twin towns
Montastruc-la-Conseillère is twinned with:
 Maizières-lès-Metz, France
 Sant Pere Pescador, Spain

Transport
Montastruc-la-Conseillère station has rail connections to Toulouse, Castres, Albi and Rodez.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montastruc-Savès (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Englebelmer (Picard: Ingbèlmèr ) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Geography
Englebelmer is situated  northeast of Amiens on the D129.

Population

See also
Communes of the Somme department

References

Communes of Somme (department)


Montauban-de-Luchon (; Gascon: Montauban de Luishon) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montberaud () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montbernard () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montbrun-Bocage (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montberon () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Montberonnais in French.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montbrun-Lauragais (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montclar-de-Comminges (, literally Montclar of Comminges; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


Montclar-Lauragais (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Onoz may refer to:
 Onoz, Namur, a section of Jemeppe-sur-Sambre, province of Namur, Belgium
 Onoz, Jura, a commune in the French region of Franche-Comté


Mont-de-Galié (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montégut-Bourjac (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montégut-Lauragais (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Notable people

 Pierre Duèze, Lord of Montbrun, (1244-1326)
 Shaul Harel, (1937- ) Neuropediatrician in Tel-Aviv, past-president of the Child Neurology Society. He and his family were hosted by the inhabitants and the local Authority and they lived in the village presbytery during the World-War II exodus (May–October 1940). His name by then was Charlie Hilsberg. As he and his family went back to Brussels thereafter, he survived war with the help of the Comité de Défense des Juifs and notably to Andrée Geulen-Herscovici, an active resistant.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montesquieu-Guittaut (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montesquieu-Lauragais (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montesquieu-Volvestre is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

Notable people
 Stella Blandy (1836-1925), woman of letters, feminist

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montgaillard-de-Salies (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Montgaillard-Lauragais (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Lin Weiguo (; born July 25, 1970) is a Chinese IM-titled chess player. He was National Chess Champion three times in 1991, 1992 and 1997.

He competed for the China national chess team twice at the Chess Olympiads (1992–1994) with an overall record of 14 games played (+6, =5, -3); one World Men's Team Chess Championship (1993) with an overall record of 9 games played (+0, =5, -4); and two Men's Asian Team Chess Championships (1993–1995) with an overall record of 9 games played (+4, =1, -4).

See also
Chess in China

References

External links
Lin Weiguo - New In Chess. NICBase Online.
FIDE Chess Player card - Individual Calculations

Chessmetrics Career Ratings for Lin Weiguo
Elo rating with world rankings and historical development since 1990 (benoni.de/schach/elo) for Lin Weiguo

1970 births
Living people
Chess players from Hubei
Chess International Masters


Montgaillard-sur-Save (, literally Montgaillard on Save; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Paul-d'Oueil (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography

Climate

Saint-Paul-d'Oueil has a oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Saint-Paul-d'Oueil is . The average annual rainfall is  with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in January, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Saint-Paul-d'Oueil was  on 18 August 2012; the coldest temperature ever recorded was  on 8 February 2012.

Population

Sights
The Château de Saint-Paul-d'Oueil is a 16th-century castle which is listed as a historic site by the French Ministry of Culture.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Encausse-les-Thermes is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Fonbeauzard (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Araille (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Aventin is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

The commune of Saint-Aventin is located in the heart of the Pyrenees, and extends from the Larboust Valley in the north to the Spanish border in the South. The highest point is the Sacroux peek at 2,676 metres. The municipal territory hosts the Luchon-Superbagnères winter sports facilities, accessible only from Bagnères-de-Luchon by road or Cable car.  The village of Saint-Aventin, is located in the Larboust Valley, 52 km south of Saint-Gaudens and 5km west of Bagnères-de-Luchon. The population density is 5.3per/km²

Population

Land Marks
 Luchon-Superbagnères
 La chapelle de Saint-Aventin.
 La vallée du Lis (ou du Lys).

Gallery

Saint Aventin Church
The Romanesque Church Saint-Aventin dates from the 11th or 12th century, has two bell towers, a porch decorated with sculptures, and capitals showing scenes of the life and martyrdom of saint Aventin. The exterior walls have incorporated stone from previous buildings that reuse of stelae and pagan altars dedicated to Pyrenean gods, including Abellio and Aherbelst. Inside the church are monumental paintings, a baptismal font and a wrought iron altar. The Church has been classified historical monument since 1840.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Cézert (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Sights

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Christaud (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Clar-de-Rivière (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Sainte-Foy-d'Aigrefeuille (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Sainte-Livrade (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Bernard Jarre
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Élix-le-Château (; ) is a village and commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. It is best known for the castle which dominates the village.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Saint-Élixois.

Geography
The commune is bordered by six other communes: Marignac-Lasclares across the Louge river to the northwest, Lafitte-Vigordane to the northeast, Le Fousseret to the west, Lavelanet-de-Comminges to the southwest, Saint-Julien-sur-Garonne to the south, and finally by Salles-sur-Garonne to the east.

The river Louge flows in the commune, forming a border with the commune of Marignac-Lasclares.

Sights
The Château de Saint-Élix-le-Château is a 16th-century castle which is listed as a historic site by the French Ministry of Culture in 1927, and in 1994, and it is privately owned.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Élix-Séglan is a small rural village and commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. It is best known for the castle which dominates the village.

Geography
The commune is bordered by four other communes: Peyrouzet to the northwest, Aulon to the southwest, Cazeneuve-Montaut to the southeast, and finally by Aurignac to the northeast.

Population

Sights
The Château de Saint-Élix-Séglan is a 14th-17th century castle which is listed as a historic site by the French Ministry of Culture in 1991.

See also
 Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Ferréol-de-Comminges () is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The river Gesse forms part of the commune's northwestern border.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


Saint-Frajou (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. The 20th-century historian René Souriac (born 1941) is from Saint-Frajou.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Geniès-Bellevue (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southeast France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are called Saint-Geniessois in French.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Rieucazé (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Rieumes (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
Maquis de Rieumes

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Julia (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Jean-Lherm (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Jeanlhermains.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Labastide-Saint-Sernin (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Labastidiens and Labastidiennes.

Sights

See also
 Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Villemur-sur-Tarn (, literally Villemur on Tarn; Languedocien: Vilamur de Tarn) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Villeneuve-de-Rivière (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Villeneuve-Lécussan (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Villeneuve-lès-Bouloc (, literally Villeneuve near Bouloc; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Sights
 The Château de Villefranche is a castle and stately home which is listed as a historic site by the French Ministry of Culture.
 The church

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Villeneuve-Tolosane (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Villeneuvois, Villeneuvoises.

Gallery (church and around)

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Villenouvelle (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. Villenouvelle station has rail connections to Toulouse, Carcassonne and Narbonne.

Population

See also

 Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Lavelanet-de-Comminges (, literally Lavelanet of Comminges; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Lavelanéciens

Geography
The commune is bordered by four other communes: Le Fousseret to the northwest, Cazères to the southwest, Saint-Élix-le-Château to the northeast, and finally by Saint-Julien-sur-Garonne to the southeast.

Twin towns
Lavelanet-de-Comminges is twinned with:
  Brazii, Romania
  Narthang, China

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


Lavernose-Lacasse (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The Louge flows northeast through the middle of the commune and crosses the village.

Population

Transport
 Gare du Fauga

See also
 Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
 Alfred Mayssonnié

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Venerque (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. Venerque-le-Vernet station has rail connections to Toulouse, Foix and Latour-de-Carol.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Venerquois or Venerquoises in French.

Monuments

Personalities
Jean-Baptiste Noulet

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Larra (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Sights

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Laréole (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Monuments

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Lagardelle-sur-Lèze (, literally Lagardelle on Lèze; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are called Lagardellois in French.

Twinning
The village was twinned with Bassano in Teverina in Italy.

Geography
The Lèze flows northeast through the middle of the commune and crosses town.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Lagrâce-Dieu (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The commune is bordered by six other communes: Miremont to the north, Auterive to the east, Puydaniel to the south, Esperce to the southwest, Saint-Sulpice-sur-Lèze to the west, and finally by Auribail to the northwest.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Lagraulet-Saint-Nicolas (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Labruyère-Dorsa (; ) is a small rural village and commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The commune is bordered by four other communes: Issus to the northeast, Auragne to the east, Auterive to the south, and finally by Grépiac to the west.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


The Qianling Mausoleum () is a Tang dynasty (618–907) tomb site located in Qian County, Shaanxi province, China, and is  northwest from Xi'an. Built in 684 (with additional construction until 706), the tombs of the mausoleum complex house the remains of various members of the House of Li, the imperial family of the Tang dynasty. This includes Emperor Gaozong ( 649–83), as well as his wife, Wu Zetian, who assumed the Tang throne and became China's only reigning female emperor from 690 to 705. The mausoleum is renowned for its many Tang dynasty stone statues located above ground and the mural paintings adorning the subterranean walls of the tombs.  Besides the main tumulus mound and underground tomb of Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian, there are 17 smaller attendant tombs, or peizang mu. Presently, only five of these attendant tombs have been excavated by archaeologists, three belonging to members of the imperial family, one to a chancellor, and the other to a general of the left guard. The Shaanxi Administration of Cultural Heritage declared in 2012 that no further excavations would take place for at least 50 years.

History

Emperor Gaozong's mausoleum complex was completed in 684 following his death a year earlier. After her death, Wu Zetian was interred in a joint burial with Emperor Gaozong at Qianling on July 2, 706. There are Tang dynasty funerary epitaphs in the tombs of her son Li Xián (Crown Prince Zhanghuai, 653–84), grandson Li Chongrun (Prince of Shao, posthumously honored Crown Prince Yide, 682–701), and granddaughter Li Xianhui (Lady Yongtai, posthumously honored as Princess Yongtai, 684–701) in the mausoleum that are inscribed with the date of burial as 706 AD, allowing historians to accurately date the structures and artwork of the tombs. In fact, the Sui and Tang dynasty practice of interring an epitaph that records the person's name, rank, and dates of death and burial was consistent amongst tombs for the imperial family and high court officials. Both the Old Book of Tang and New Book of Tang record that, in 706, Wu Zetian's son Emperor Zhongzong ( 684, 705–10, Li Chongrun's and Li Xianhui's father and Li Xián's brother) exonerated the victims of Wu Zetian's political purges and provided them with honorable burials, including the princess and two princes. Besides the attendant tombs of the royal family members, two others that have been excavated belong to Chancellor Xue Yuanchao (622–83) and General of the Left Guard Li Jinxing.

The five attendant tombs were opened and excavated in the 1960s and early 1970s. In March 1995, there was an organized petition to the Chinese government about efforts to excavate Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian's tomb. In 2012, the Shaanxi Administration of Cultural Heritage announced that no excavation could occur at the mausoleum site for at least 50 years to protect the tombs from damage and theft of artifacts.

Location
The mausoleum is located on Mount Liang, north of the Wei River, and 1,049 m (3,442 ft) above sea level. The grounds of the mausoleum are flanked by valley to the east and canyon to the west. Although there are tumulus mounds to mark where each tomb is located, most of the tomb structures are subterranean. The tumulus mounds on the southern peaks are called Naitoushan or "Nipple Hills", due to their resemblance to the shape of nipples. The Nipple Hills, with towers erected on the top of each to accentuate the hills' name, form a gateway into Qianling Mausoleum. The main tumulus mound is on the northern peak; it is the tallest of the mounds and is the burial place of Gaozong and Wu Zetian. Halfway up this northern peak, the builders of the site dug a 61 m (200 ft) long and 4 m (13 ft) wide tunnel into the rock of the mountain that leads to the inner tomb chambers located deep within the mountain. The complex was originally enclosed by two walls, the remains of which have been discovered today, including what was four gatehouses of the inner wall. The inner wall was 2.4 m (7.8 ft) thick, with a total perimeter of 5920 m (19,422 ft) enclosing a trapezoidal area of 240,000 m2 (787,400 ft2). Only some corner parts of the outer wall have been discovered. During the Tang dynasty, there were hundreds of residential houses that surrounded Qianling, inhabited by families that maintained the grounds and buildings of the mausoleum. The remains of some of these houses have since been discovered. The building foundation of the timber offering hall situated at the south gate of the mausoleum's inner wall has also been discovered.

Spirit way

Leading into the mausoleum is a spirit way, which is flanked on both sides with stone statues like the later tombs of the Song dynasty and Ming dynasty tombs. The Qianling statues include horses, winged horses, horses with grooms, lions, ostriches, officials, and foreign envoys. The khan of the Western Turks presented an ostrich to the Tang court in 620 and the Tushara Kingdom sent another in 650; in carved reliefs of Qianling dated  683, traditional Chinese phoenixes are modelled on the body of ostriches. Historian Tonia Eckfeld states that the artistic emphasis on the exotic foreign tribute of the ostrich at the mausoleum was "a sign of the greatness of China and the Chinese emperor, not of the foreigners who sent them, or of the places from which they came". Eckfeld also asserts that the 61 statues of foreign diplomats sculpted in the 680s represents the "far-reaching power and international standing" of the Tang dynasty. These statues, now headless, represent the foreign diplomats who were present at Emperor Gaozong's funeral. Historian Angela Howard notes that along the spirit ways of the auxiliary tombs—such as Li Xianhui's—the statues are smaller, of lesser quality, and fewer in number than the main spirit way of Qianling leading to Emperor Gaozong and Wu's burial. Besides the statues, there are also flanking sets of octagonal stone pillars meant to ward off evil spirits. A 6.3 m (20.7 ft) tall tiered stele dedicated to Emperor Gaozong is also located along the path, with a written inscription commemorating his achievements; this is flanked by Wu Zetian's stele which has no written inscriptions. An additional stele by the main tumulus was erected by the Qianlong Emperor ( 1735–96) during the mid-Qing dynasty.

Tombs
The tomb chambers of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu are located deep within Mount Liang, a trend that was set by Emperor Taizong ( 626–49) with his burial at Mount Jiuzong. Of the 18 emperors of the Tang dynasty, 14 of these had natural mountains serving as the earthen mounds for their tombs. Only members of the imperial family were allowed to have their tombs located within natural mountains; tombs for officials and nobles featured man-made tumulus mounds and tomb chambers that were totally underground. Xinian Fu wrote that children of emperors were allowed tombs in the shape of truncated pyramids, but high-ranking officials and lesser tomb constructors could only have conical mounds. The conical tombs of officials were allowed to have one wall surrounding it, but only one gate—positioned to the south—was permitted. The attendant tombs feature truncated pyramid mounds above underground chambers that are approached by declining diagonal ramps with ground-level entrances. There are six vertical shafts for the ramps of each of these tombs which allowed goods to be lowered into the side niches of the ramps.

The main hall in each of these underground tombs leads to two four-sided brick-laden burial chambers connected by a short corridor; these chambers feature domed ceilings. The tomb of Li Xian features real fully stone doors, a tomb trend apparent in the Han and Western Jin dynasties that became more common by the time of the Northern Qi dynasty. The stylistic stone door of Lou Rui's tomb of 570 closely resembles that of Tang stone doors, such as the one in Li Xian's tomb.

Unlike many other Tang dynasty tombs, the treasures within the imperial tombs of the Qianling Mausoleum were never stolen by grave robbers. In fact, in Li Chongrun's tomb alone, there were found over a thousand items of gold, copper, iron, ceramic figurines, three-glaze colored figurines, and three-glaze pottery wares. Altogether, the tombs of Li Xian, Li Chongrun, and Li Xianhui had over 4,300 tomb articles when they were unearthed by archaeologists. However, the attendant tombs of the mausoleum were raided by grave robbers. Among the ceramic figurines found in Li Chongrun's tomb were horses with gilt decoration supporting armed and armored soldiers, horsemen playing flutes, blowing trumpets, and waving whips to spur their horses. Ceramic sculptures found in the tomb of Li Xian included figurines of civil officials, warriors, and tomb guardian beasts, all of which were over a meter (3 ft) in height.

Li Xianhui
Li Xianhui was a daughter of the Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and Empress Wei. She was likely killed at the age of 16 by her grandmother Wu Zetian, along with her husband. After Wu Zetian's death, when her father came to the throne, she was reburied in a grand tomb in the Qianling Mausoleum in 705. Her tomb was discovered in 1960, and excavated from 1964. It had been robbed in the past, likely soon after the burial, and items in precious materials taken, but the thieves had not bothered with the over 800 pottery tomb figures, and the extensive frescos were untouched. The robbers had left in a hurry, leaving silver items scattered around, and the corpse of one of their number.  The tomb had a flattened pyramid rising 12 metres above ground, and a long sloping entrance tunnel lined with frescos, leading to an antechamber and the tomb chamber itself, 12 metres below ground level with a high domed roof.

Murals

The tombs excavated for Li Xian, Li Chongrun, and Li Xianhui are all decorated with mural paintings and feature multiple shaft entrances and arched chambers. Historian Mary H. Fong states that the tomb murals in the subterranean halls of Li Xián's, Li Chongrun's, and Li Xianhui's tombs are representative of anonymous but professional tomb decorators rather than renowned court painters of handscrolls. Although primarily funerary art, Fong asserts that these Tang tomb murals are "sorely needed references" to the sparse amount of description offered in Tang era documents about painting, such as the Tang Chao minghua lu ('Celebrated Painters of the Tang Dynasty') by Zhu Jingxuan in the 840s and the Lidai Minghua ji ('A Record of the Famous Painters of the Successive Dynasties') by Zhang Yanyuan in 847. Fong also asserts that the painting skill of portraying "animation through spirit consonance" or qiyun shendong—an art critique associated with renowned Tang dynasty painters like Yan Liben, Zhou Fang, and Chen Hong—was achieved by the anonymous Tang dynasty tomb painters. Fong writes:

Another important feature in the murals of the tomb was the representation of architecture. Although there are numerous examples of existing Tang stone and brick pagoda towers for architectural historians to examine, there are only six remaining wooden halls that have survived from the 8th and 9th centuries. Only the rammed earth foundations of the great palaces of the Tang capital at Chang'an have survived. However, some of the mural scenes of timber architecture in Li Chongrun's tomb at Qianling have been suggested by historians as representative of the Eastern Palace, residence of the crown prince during the Tang dynasty. According to historian Fu Xinian, not only do the murals of Li Chongrun's tomb represent buildings of the Tang capital, but also "the number of underground chambers, ventilation shafts, compartments, and air wells have been seen as indications of the number of courtyards, main halls, rooms, and corridors in residences of tomb occupants when they were alive." The underground hall of the descending ramp approaching Li Chongrun's tomb chambers, as well as the gated entrance to the front chamber, feature murals of multiple-bodied que gate towers similar to those whose foundations were surveyed at Chang'an.

Ann Paludan, an Honorary Fellow of Durham University, provides captions in her Chronicle of the Chinese Emperors (1998) for the following pictures of Qianling tomb murals:

See also
 Chinese pyramids
 Zhao Mausoleum

References

Citations

Sources

 Dillon, Michael. (1998). China: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary. Surrey: Curzon Press. .
 Eckfeld, Tonia. (2005). Imperial Tombs in Tang China, 618–907: The Politics of Paradise. New York: Routledge: .
 Fong, Mary H. "Tang Tomb Murals Reviewed in the Light of Tang Texts on Painting," Artibus Asiae (Volume 45, Number 1, 1984): 35–72.
 Fong, Mary H. "Antecedents of Sui-Tang Burial Practices in Shaanxi", Artibus Asiae (Volume 51, Number 3/4, 1991): 147–198.
 Fu, Xinian. (2002). "The Sui, Tang, and Five Dynasties", in Chinese Architecture, ed. Nancy Steinhardt, 91–135. New Haven: Yale University Press. .
 Guo, Qinghua. "Tomb Architecture of Dynastic China: Old and New Questions," Architectural History (Volume 47, 2004): 1–24.
 Howard, Angela Falco. (2006). Chinese Sculpture. New Haven: Yale University and Foreign Languages Press. .
 Jay, Jennifer W. "Imagining Matriarchy: "Kingdoms of Women" in Tang China", Journal of the American Oriental Society (Volume 116, Number 2, 1996): 220–229.
 Paludan, Ann. (1998). Chronicle of the Chinese Emperors: the Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers of Imperial China. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd. .
 Turner, Jane. (1996). The Dictionary of Art. New York: The Grove Press.
 Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. (1990). Chinese Imperial City Planning. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. .
 Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. (1997). Liao Architecture. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. .
 Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. "The Tang Architectural Icon and the Politics of Chinese Architectural History", The Art Bulletin (Volume 86, Number 2, 2004): 228–254
 Valder, Peter. (2002). Gardens in China. Portland: The Timber Press, Inc. .
 Watson, William, Genius of China (exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts), 1973, Times Newspapers Ltd,

External links
 Qianling at China.org.cn
 Qianling at Travelchinaguide.com
 The city watchtower mural from Li Chongrun's tomb
 Qianling Spirit Path, gallery of statues

Buildings and structures in Xi'an
Burial sites of imperial Chinese families
Tang dynasty architecture
Tang dynasty art
7th-century establishments in China
Buildings and structures completed in 684
Buildings and structures completed in the 8th century
Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Shaanxi
Pyramids in China
Wu Zetian
Archaeological sites in China


Tototek is a Hong Kong-based company that develops video game accessories, with a big focus on older consoles. Among their products are flash cartridges for the Master System, PC Engine, Mega Drive, and Super Nintendo Entertainment System. They have converters which make it possible to use PlayStation joypads on other systems. Also available are backup units, which make it possible to transfer cartridge data onto computers.

Some products:

Master System to MarkIII Converter
SUPER-FLASH 64M kit for SNES
MD-PRO 32M for Mega Drive
SMS-PRO 32M for Master System
Classic Joypad converter for 3DO
GG-PRO 32M flash cart for Game Gear
PCE-PRO 32M flash cart for TG-16/PC Engine
Classic Joypad converter for NEO-GEO
Mega Cart

They also manufactured Beggar Prince.

References section

External links

Electronics companies of Hong Kong
Video game companies of China


Saint-Pé-d'Ardet (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
Pic du Gar

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Various traditions are practiced on certain days of the year in Wales both currently and historically, including festivities originating in Welsh, Celtic, English and Christian cultures.

History
As recorded in the Laws of Hywel Dda, the three main holidays (gwyliau) of the medieval Welsh kingdoms were Christmas (Nadolig), Easter (Pasg), and Whitsuntide (Sulgwyn).

Other important holidays were the feasts of St Patrick (Gwyl Badric) on 17 March; St. Quiricus (Gwyl Giric) on 16 June; the Beheading of John the Baptist (called in Welsh Gwyl Ieuan y Moch  St. John of the Swine  as it was the day the pigs were turned out into the woods to forage through the winter) on 29 August; St Michael (Gwyl Fihangel) on 29 September; and the Calends of Winter (Calan Gaeaf) on 1 November, All Saints' Day (yr Holl Saint). A special drink called the "liquor of the Apostles" (gwirawd yr ebestyl) was brewed for and distributed on these saints' days.

Modern celebrations calendar

Festivals no longer widely celebrated
These are festivals that were once widely celebrated in Wales but are no longer so.

Gŵyl Fair y Canhwyllau, or Candlemas, usually on the 2 February, literally translates as "Mary's Festival of the Candles" marks the presentation of Jesus at the Temple. It is based upon the account of the presentation of Jesus in Luke 2:22–40. It falls on the 40th day (postpartum period) of and the conclusion of the Christmas–Epiphany season.

Whitsun, or the celebration of Pentecost, is a traditional Church festival that was observed with a statutory bank holiday in late May. The link with the formal Whitsun date (which moves with Easter) was broken and replaced by a late May bank holiday fixed to the end of the month.

Locally, each parish celebrated a Gŵyl Mabsant in commemoration of its native saint. This annual celebration developed from a dedication through prayer to a programme of recreational activities.

Calan Mai (or Calan Haf) is a May Day celebration on 1 May, marking the first day of summer, and one of the traditional fire festivals.

Gŵyl Ifan (St John's Day) on the 24 June is otherwise known as Midsummer's day.

References

Holidays


Quint-Fonsegrives (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Quintfonsegrivois in French.

Twin towns
In 15 November 2010, Quint-Fonsegrives became the twin town of Leiria in Portugal.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

External links

Official site

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Ramonville-Saint-Agne (; Lengadocian: ), commonly known as Ramonville, is a commune in the suburbs of Toulouse, located in the French department of Haute-Garonne, administrative region of Occitanie, France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Ramonvillois.

History and Economy
Politically, this commune has a historical affinity with the left-wing parties. Its economy is linked to the social work association ASEI.

Twin Towns
Ramonville-Saint-Agne is twinned with:
 Karben, Germany
 Zuera, Spain

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


The AVIA FL.3 (also later known as the Lombardi FL.3) was an Italian two-seat cabin monoplane designed and built by Azionaria Vercellese Industrie Aeronautiche (AVIA) who were later taken over by Lombardi in 1947.

Development
The FL.3 was a simple low-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed landing gear and powered by an 85 hp (63 kW) Continental C-85 engine. It had room for a pilot and passenger sitting side-by-side and could either have an open or enclosed cockpit. The first aircraft flew in 1939 and production was started, but ended temporarily when the Second World War started.

Production resumed after the war and in 1947 the company was taken over by Lombardi. Over 700 aircraft had been built by AVIA and Lombardi when production stopped in 1948.

In 1953 Meteor SpA acquired the rights for the FL.3 and with some re-design produced it as the Meteor FL.53 and this was followed by a three-seat version the FL.54 powered by a 135 hp Lycoming engine. A four-seat version the FL.55 was also produced powered by either a 150 hp (112 kW) or 180 hp (134 kW) Lycoming engine.

Variants
AVIA FL.3
Production version by AVIA powered by a 60 hp (45 kW) CNA D.4 engine.
Lombardi FL.3
Production version by Lombardi.
Meteor FL.53
Modified version built by Meteor powered by a 65 hp (48 kW) Continental engine, eight built.
Meteor FL.53BM
FL.53 with a 90 hp (67 kW) Continental engine, four built.

Meteor FL.54
Three-seat variant powered by a 90 hp (67 kW) Continental C90-12F engine, 10 built by Meteor.
Meteor FL.55
Four-seat variant powered by 135 hp (100 kW) Lycoming engine, four built by Meteor.
Meteor FL.55BM
FL.55 powered by a 150 hp (112 kW) Lycoming engine, ten built by Meteor.
Meteor FL.55CM
FL.55 powered by a 180 hp (130 kW) Lycoming engine, one built by Meteor.
Meteor Super
The Super was a four-seat FL.55 with enlarged vertical tail and a 220 hp Meteor Alfa 4 engine, one built.
Meteor Bis
The Bis was a two-seat variant of the Super fitted with a 110 hp Meteor Alfa 2 engine.

Operators

Zrakoplovstvo Nezavisne Države Hrvatske

Luftwaffe operated captured aircraft.

Regia Aeronautica
Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force

Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana

Italian Air Force

Specifications (FL.3)

See also

References

 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 2380

External links

 World Aircraft Directory
 Gruppo Amici Velivoli Storici
Photo gallery on airliners.net

Lombardi aircraft
1930s Italian civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1939


Puysségur (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Razecueillé (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Régades (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Roquefort-sur-Garonne (, literally Roquefort on Garonne; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Rouffiac-Tolosan (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Drémil-Lafage (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. It is located 13 km east from Toulouse.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Drémilois and Drémiloises in French.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Roumens is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Lary-Boujean (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Loup-Cammas (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Saint-Loupiens in French.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Loup-en-Comminges (, literally Saint-Loup in Comminges; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The river Gesse flows east-northeast through the southeastern part of the commune and forms part of its eastern border.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


Saint-Marcel-Paulel (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Marcellois.

Monuments

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Orens-de-Gameville (, ), also referred to as Saint-Orens, is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department, administrative region of Occitania, southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Saint-Orennais.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Casties-Labrande (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castillon-de-Saint-Martory (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cassagnabère-Tournas is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cassagne (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castagnède (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

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Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castanet-Tolosan (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castelbiague (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castelgaillard (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castelginest (; Languedocien: Castèlginèst) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

International relations
Castelginest is twinned with Ponte di Piave, Italy.

Sights

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castelmaurou (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castelnau-d'Estrétefonds (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.  It is served by Castelnau-d'Estrétefonds station on the Bordeaux-Toulouse line.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castelnau-Picampeau (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Castéra-Vignoles (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Erikson is a popular surname, and also refers to:

 Leif Erikson Day
 Erikson Institute


Portet-de-Luchon is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Pradère-les-Bourguets (; ) is a former commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the new commune of Lasserre-Pradère.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Former communes of Haute-Garonne


Riolas is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Drudas (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Chein-Dessus (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Ciadoux (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cier-de-Luchon (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cier-de-Rivière is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cazeaux-de-Larboust is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Cazeneuve-Montaut (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Ponlat-Taillebourg (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Mouni Roy (born 28 September 1985) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Hindi films and television. She made her acting debut in 2006, with the TV show Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi. Roy became one of the highest-paid Hindi television actresses after portraying a shape-shifting serpent in the supernatural thriller Naagin and its sequel  Naagin 2. She has received several awards including an IIFA Award and two ITA Awards with nominations for two Filmfare Awards.

Roy made her film debut with the Punjabi romantic film Hero Hitler in Love (2011). She made her Hindi film debut with the period sport film Gold (2018), receiving a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut nomination. Roy received high critical acclaim for her performance as Junoon in the fantasy action-adventure Brahmāstra: Part One – Shiva (2022), which earned her the IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actress and a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Early life and education
Roy was born in Cooch Behar, West Bengal on 28 September 1985 into a Rajbongshi family. Her grandfather, Shekhar Chandra Roy was a well-known Jatra theatre artist. Her mother Mukti was a theatre artist, and her father Anil Roy was an office superintendent of the Cooch Behar Zilla Parishad. She did her schooling till class 12th from Kendriya Vidyalaya in Baburhat, Cooch Behar and then went to Delhi.

She took up mass communication at Jamia Milia Islamia at her parents' insistence, but left the course midway and went to Mumbai to try her luck in the Hindi film industry. She finished her part 1 exams and did not return to Delhi after that. Mouni had an interest in acting since her childhood and cited actresses Madhubala, Madhuri Dixit and Waheeda Rehman as her acting idols.

Career

Debut and initial career (2006–2010)
Roy started her career with the Ekta Kapoor drama Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi in 2006, portraying Krishna Tulsi opposite Pulkit Samrat and Akashdeep Saigal. She then participated and won the first season of Zara Nachke Dikha. Then, she portrayed Shivani Sabharwal in Kasturi. In 2008, she participated in Pati Patni Aur Woh. In 2010, Roy played Roop in Do Saheliyaan opposite Jatin Shah.

Breakthrough, success and stardom in television (2011–2017)

In 2011, Roy starred in the Punjabi film Hero Hitler in Love. She attained fame after portraying Sati in Life OK's mythological series Devon Ke Dev...Mahadev opposite Mohit Raina, from 2011 to 2014. During that time she also played the lead as Meera opposite Aditya Redij in Life OK's Junoon – Aisi Nafrat Toh Kaisa Ishq in 2013. In 2014, Roy participated in the dance reality show on Colors Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 7 along with Punit Pathak, where she finished at fourth place.

In 2015, Roy returned to television with Ekta Kapoor's supernatural series Naagin, portraying Shivanya, opposite Arjun Bijlani. The series topped the TRP charts, making her a household name not only in India but in other countries as well. She became one of the players of Bijlani's team Mumbai Tigers in Box Cricket League. She hosted the dance show So You Think You Can Dance on &TV.

In 2017, Roy portrayed dual role in the second season of Naagin, opposite Karanvir Bohra. Her chemistry with Bijlani in season 1 and with Bohra in season 2 was highly appreciated by audience and established her as a leading actress in Indian television. In 2016, Roy voiced the role of Sita in the animated film Mahayoddha Rama. In the same year, she appeared in the song "Nachna Aunda Ni" in Tum Bin 2.

Return to Hindi cinema and recent work (2018–present)
Roy made her full-fledged Hindi film debut alongside Akshay Kumar as a housewife in the 2018 period sport film Gold. Hindustan Times noted, "Roy as Akshay's wife Monobina is just the right mixture of crotchety and charming. With her grasp of Bengali, she brings that extra something to the film's milieu." India Today stated, "Mouni crosses over from the small screen to the big with elan and matches Akshay in every scene that she is with him in." With global earnings of 1.5 billion, Gold emerged as a commercial success. Roy followed the success of Gold with an item number named "Gali Gali" in the Hindi version of K.G.F: Chapter 1.

In 2019, Roy made a cameo appearance in the final few episodes of Naagin 3 as Mahanaagrani Shivangi. Roy's first release in 2019 was Romeo Akbar Walter alongside John Abraham and Jackie Shroff. For her performance as a RAW agent, Bollywood Hungama wrote, "Mouni Roy has an interesting part to essay. Though she does well, her character gets a raw deal." Romeo Akbar Walter underperformed at the box office. In her next film the same year, Made in China, Roy played a disturbed housewife alongside Rajkummar Rao. India Today noted, "Mouni is a surprise package. Though given a small role, she comes with much power, owning every bit of the screen time she gets." Made in China proved to be a commercial success.

Roy played a pregnant RAW agent in her first OTT feature film, London Confidential. Rediff.com stated, "Mouni Roy shows conviction in playing her part and is in a different avatar from her earlier performances." In 2021, she played an actress in Velle alongside Abhay Deol. Times of India wrote, "Mouni has limited scope to perform. Nonetheless, she lights up the screen every time she appears in the film."

Roy appeared as the judge in Dance India Dance Li'l Masters 5. The same year, she played the main antagonist Junoon, in Brahmāstra: Part One – Shiva. Roy received rave reviews from critics and audience alike. India Today noted, "Roy as the villain is terrific and breaks the Naagin stigma with this career-altering performance." News18 wrote, "The real find of the film, Roy is simply terrific and really holds herself in this elaborate cast and effortlessly shines as the nemesis." The film became the highest-grossing Hindi film of 2022. Her performance in the film earned her the IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actress and a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress.

In 2023, Roy made her web debut with Milan Luthria's Sultan of Delhi opposite Tahir Raj Bhasin. She played a cabaret dancer  in the series.

Roy is currently filming The वरGIN Tree with Sunny Singh. She also has BlackOut with Vikrant Massey in the pipeline.

Personal life
Roy has been awarded the UAE golden visa due to her frequent visits to the country.

Following three years of relationship, Roy and Dubai-based businessman Suraj Nambiar got married in traditional Bengali and Malayali ceremonies on 27 January 2022, in Panaji, Goa.

Other work and media image
Roy has established herself as one of the most popular and highest paid television actress in India. Times of India termed Naagin as a "game-changer" for Roy. Post the release of Brahmāstra: Part One – Shiva, Mayukh Majumdar of Filmfare termed her "the undisputed star of the film". Financial Express stated that Roy's Junoon will be the "best antagonist Bollywood has seen in a while".

Roy has frequently featured on Times' 50 Most Desirable Women list. She ranked 35th in 2017, 32nd in 2018, 41st in 2019 and 44th in 2020. She was placed 3rd in Times 20 Most Desirable Women on TV list of 2017. She is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products including Bryan & Candy, Joy and Spawake. In March 2023, Roy performed in various cities in the United States for "The Entertainers" tour, alongside Akshay Kumar, Disha Patani, Nora Fatehi, Sonam Bajwa, Aparshakti Khurana, Stebin Ben and Zahrah S Khan.

Roy also supports a number of social causes. During the COVID-19 crisis, she donated a sum for the people in need. In 2020, after the cyclone Amphan, she joined hands with an NGO and auctioned her paintings in order to raise funds. Roy also donated to the Iskcon Foundation, for medical facilities in Mayapur in 2021. Roy and her husband Suraj Nambiar launched "Ultimate Gurus", a global education platform in 2022. In May 2023, Roy opened a restaurant named Badmaash in Mumbai.

Filmography

Films
All films are in Hindi unless otherwise noted.

Television

Web series

Music videos

Accolades
Roy has received two Filmfare Awards nominations: Best Female Debut for Gold and Best Supporting Actress for Brahmāstra: Part One – Shiva. Roy also won the ITA Award for Best Actress Popular for Naagin.

See also
 List of Hindi television actresses
 List of Indian television actresses
List of Indian film actresses
List of Hindi film actresses

References

External links
 Mouni Roy at IMDb

1985 births
Living people
Indian television actresses
People from Cooch Behar
Actresses in Hindi television
Actresses in Hindi cinema
Indian film actresses
21st-century Indian actresses
Actresses from West Bengal
People from Cooch Behar district
Rajbongshi people


Saint-Rustice (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

History
Saint-Rustice is famous for its ancient Roman mosaics which were discovered in 1833. The city takes its name from Rusticus, a bishop of Cahors, who was murdered in 630.

Population

Sights

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Roquesérière (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Roquesériérois.

Transport
Roqueserière-Buzet station is on the railway line from Toulouse to Rodez.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Eoux is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


A Gŵyl Mabsant (Welsh for "Feast of the Patron"), also known as the patronal festival or Wake of a parish, is a traditional Welsh festival held annually in commemoration of the patron saint of a parish. Prior to 1752, the corresponding fair was reckoned by the Saint's Day according to tradition or to the official Catholic or Anglican Calendar of Saints; following the shift to New Style dating, however, the fair was reckoned eleven days later. (For example, St. Teilo's Fair in Llandeilo was originally held on 9 February but came to be held on the 20th.) By the 19th century, the fair often began on the following Sunday and then lasted between three days and a week.

By that time, the Reformation had already removed the religious solemnities formerly observed and replaced them with programmes of recreational activities. Owing to the combination of betting, feasting, and drinking, parish festivals built up a reputation for their rowdiness. The local, rural nature of the fairs also occasioned many variations in the rules of the contests, leading to disagreements between parishes. The fairs had mostly died out by the 1860s.

Customs
Cockfighting: Birds were specially trained for the contest and the owner of a victorious cockerel was held in high esteem; large amounts of money could be wagered on the outcome of the fights.
Grinning Matches: For old women
Eating Hot Pudding
Bando: A team sport, similar to the modern game of field hockey; teams used clubs to strike a ball towards a goal. It continued in some areas until the late 19th century and was particularly popular in Glamorgan.

See also
 List of Welsh saints, including their feasts
 Patronal festival

References

Patronal festivals in Wales


Fougaron (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Fourquevaux (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Sights
The Château de Fourquevaux is a 15th- and 16th-century castle. With its 18th-century orangery, it has been listed since 1979 as a historic site by the French Ministry of Culture.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Saint-Ignan (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Salles-sur-Garonne (, literally Salles on Garonne; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Geography
The commune is bordered by five other communes: Lafitte-Vigordane to the north, Carbonne to the northeast, Rieux-Volvestre across the river Garonne to the east, Saint-Julien-sur-Garonne to the south, and Saint-Élix-le-Château to the east.

The river Garonne flows through the commune, making the suffix -sur-Garonne, forming a border with Saint-Julien-sur-Garonne.

International relations
In 2010, Salles-sur-Garonne became a sister city of Lhatse, Tibet.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Salles-et-Pratviel (; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


Salies-du-Salat (, literally Salies of the Salat; ) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Population

Economy
Salies-du-Salat is known for its therapeutic hot springs. The spa buildings, recently renovated, form the attractive centrepiece to the town.

There is a small casino located in the town. A weekly market takes place on Mondays in the centre of town.

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne
Comminges


Saint-Sulpice-sur-Lèze (, literally Saint-Sulpice on Lèze; Languedocien: Sent Somplesi) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

Geography
The Lèze forms part of the commune's southwestern border, flows north through the western part of the commune, crosses the village and forms part of its northwestern border.

Population

See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department

References

Communes of Haute-Garonne


The Durham Concerto is a classical work composed by Jon Lord.  It was commissioned by Durham University and was first performed in Durham Cathedral on 20 October 2007, as part of the university's 175th anniversary celebrations.

Instead of the usual solo instrument typical of a classical concerto, the Durham Concerto gives solo opportunities to several different instruments: cello, violin, Northumbrian pipes and Hammond organ.  At the premiere of the work, Lord himself played the Hammond organ part, and Kathryn Tickell the pipes.

Movements
 Part I. Morning
 The Cathedral at Dawn – solo violin, solo cello, Hammond organ
 Durham Awakes – solo violin, solo cello, Hammond organ, Northumbrian pipes
 Part II. Afternoon
 The Road from Lindisfarne – solo violin, solo cello, Northumbrian pipes<
 From Prebends Bridge – solo cello
 Part III. Evening
 Rags & Galas – solo violin, solo cello, Hammond organ
 Durham Nocturne  – solo violin, solo cello, Hammond organ, Northumbrian pipes

A typical performance lasts just under an hour.

Recordings
 Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, Mischa Damev (conductor), Matthew Barley (cello), Jon Lord (Hammond organ), Ruth Palmer (violin), Kathryn Tickell (Northumbrian pipes) • Avie • ASIN B000ZOWOCS • 28 January 2008

References

Compositions by Jon Lord
Lord
2007 compositions


Mohammed Abu Naser (; 2 April 1921 – 12 May 2004) was a Bangladeshi educator. He was the 2nd vice-chancellor of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). He is a recipient of the Ekushey Padak, one of the highest civilian awards in Bangladesh.

Early life and education
Naser was born in Munshiganj District in erstwhile East Pakistan to his parents Mr. M. Ismail Ali Khan and Abida Begum. He began his early education at the Kazir Pagla A. T. Institution at Lohajang Upazila in Munshiganj. In 1937 he passed the Matriculation Examination in the First Division. He completed the Intermediate Examination from the B. M. College, Barisal. He received the B.Sc (Hons.) and M.Sc. degrees, in Chemistry from the University of Dhaka, in 1942 and 1943 respectively. Then he went to the Bengal Engineering College at Shibpur, West Bengal to study Chemical Engineering.

He got a scholarship to study for his M.S. in Chemical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, USA. This was a notable achievement for him to be selected for such a scholarship in undivided India. In 1962 he again went to United States for his Ph.D. He completed his Ph.D. in four years. Of four years, he spent about two years at Columbia University, and then he went to Texas A&M University to complete the rest of his Ph.D.. He went to London under a fellowship from the Nuffield Foundation to study for a year at the University of London In 1955.

Career
After returning to East Pakistan, Naser first joined at the Industries Ministry, and then joined at the Directorate of Technical Education. After a short while he joined the faculty in Ahsanullah Engineering College (later became BUET). In 1970 he became the vice-chancellor of BUET and continued holding his position after the liberation of Bangladesh. Naser is credited for the first convocation of BUET which was held in 1973. He became the chairman of the University Grants Commission in 1975. He retired from this position in 1980. He was a professor emeritus of Chemical Engineering in BUET until his death.

Achievements
Naser received the Ekushey Padak in 1987. Dr M. A. Naser Trust Fund is introduced at BUET to offer scholarship for poor and meritorious students of the university.

Death and legacy
Naser died on May 12, 2004. He had four children and eight grandchildren. Khan H. Zahid, the second son, is currently the chief economist and vice president of Riyad Bank.

References

University of Dhaka alumni
Education in Bangladesh
Recipients of the Ekushey Padak
2004 deaths
1921 births
Vice-Chancellors of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Indian expatriates in the United States
Pakistani expatriates in the United States


The flag of the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia is a horizontal tricolor consisting of green, white and red.

Overview
After the establishment of North Rhine-Westphalia in 1946, the tricolor was first introduced in 1948, but was not formally adopted until 1953. The plain variant of the tricolor is considered the civil flag and state ensign, while government authorities use the state flag (Landesdienstflagge) which is defaced with the state's coat of arms.

The flag is a combination of the two former provinces of Prussia that comprise most of the state: the Rhine Province and Westphalia. The state ensign can easily be mistaken for the flag of Hungary, as well as the former civil flag of Iran (Persia) (1910–1980) and the flag of the Parti patriote.
The same flag was used by the Rhenish Republic (1923–1924) as a symbol of independence and freedom.

History

See also

 Flags of German states

References

External links

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
Flag


Achosauromorphs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Mammals

Eutherians

Cetaceans

References


Plants

Ferns and allies

Conifers

Angiosperms

Archosauromorphs

Newly named phytosaurs

Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Protorosaurs

References