Łukasz Jankowski (born 7 December 1982, in Leszno, Poland) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from Poland.

Career
In 2002, he reached the final of the 2002 Speedway Under-21 World Championship.

He rode for the Poole Pirates in the British Elite League.

Family
He is the son of Roman Jankowski, a champion Polish speedway rider. His brothers Marcin Janowski and Norbert Janowski were also speedway riders.

Results

World Championships
 Individual U-21 World Championship
 2002 -  Slaný - 7th place (9 pts)

Polish Championships

 Individual Polish Championship
 2008 - 11th place in Quarter-Final D
 Individual U-21 Polish Championship
 2001 - Częstochowa - Bronze medal
 Team Polish Championship (Speedway Ekstraliga)
 2002 - Silver medal

References

Living people
Polish speedway riders
Belle Vue Aces riders
Poole Pirates riders
1982 births
Sportspeople from Leszno


Bhanu Chander (Madduri Venkatasatya Subramanyeswara Bhanuchander Prasad; born 2 July 1952) is an Indian actor, director and producer known for his works predominantly in Telugu and Tamil cinema. He is the son of veteran music composer Master Venu. His paternal family hails from Machilipatnam and maternal family hails from Rajahmundry. He was born near Madras. He is known for his association with directors like K. Viswanath, Balu Mahendra, B. Narsing Rao, and K. Balachander. In 1990, he starred in Sutradharulu, which won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for that year.

Filmography

Telugu

Tamil

Kannada

Teleserials
 1991 Penn
 1990s Kalloori Kalam
 1990s Sorgam
 2000 Micro Thodargal- Mounam Oru Bashai
 2004–2005 Engiruntho Vandhaal
 2006–2008 Kana Kaanum Kaalangal
 2012 Karthigai Pengal

References

External links

1952 births
Living people
Telugu people
Male actors in Tamil cinema
Male actors in Telugu cinema
Indian male film actors
Tamil male television actors
Television personalities from Tamil Nadu
Male actors from Andhra Pradesh
20th-century Indian male actors
21st-century Indian male actors


William "Bill" George Swank is the author or co-author of ten books and numerous articles primarily about baseball. The San Diego Historical Society identified him as "San Diego's preeminent baseball historian."

Life

Bill Swank was born in Chicago on June 17, 1940, to parents William George Swank and Estelle Jensen Swank. He received a Bachelor of Science degree from San Diego State College in 1962. He was a Supervising Probation Officer for the County of San Diego from 1963–1994. He has three children and two grandsons. He currently lives in San Diego, California, with his wife Jeri Lynne (Bessie) Swank, whom he married in 1986.

Swank has campaigned since 1988 to get San Diego's first major league baseball player and early home run king Gavy Cravath elected to Baseball's Hall of Fame. His scale model of Lane Field (built in 1997) is on permanent display at the San Diego Hall of Champions. Following the release of his award-winning book, Echoes from Lane Field (1999), Swank has extensively explored the history of baseball in San Diego and helped honor many local players including Pete Coscarart, Johnny Ritchey, Floyd Robinson, Manuel 'Nay' Hernandez and Ted Williams.

Swank has been Santa Claus for Christmas on the Prado in Balboa Park, San Diego, since 2002. He also volunteers as Santa for several other charitable organizations in San Diego. As "Baseball Santa," he played second base for the House of David from 2003 through 2008. In 2009, Baseball Santa began giving baseball equipment to Little Leagues in Mexico.

Works

The Lane Field Padres, 1936-1946 and 1947-1957, (two volumes)

Published by the San Diego Padres and San Diego Baseball Historical Society, 1997; co-author Ray Brandes

Echoes from Lane Field

Turner Publishing Company, 1999. Winner, San Diego Press Club and San Diego Book Awards, 1999

Gold Leather Helmets, Black Hightop Shoes

Big League Press, 2003. Co-Author Bill Rice.

An Athletic History of Mission Bay High School During the 1950s. From a review by Don King, Historian of the San Diego Hall of Champions: "Bill Swank is San Diego's eminent baseball historian, but he's a couple tacos short of a combination plate. Mission Bay is a powerhouse today, but that wasn't the case when the school opened fifty years ago…and then it got worse. Why would somebody write about this? With painstaking research and a sense of humor, Swank and Bill Rice have created a time capsule of the 1950s. How did they ever find so much information about women's athletics from that era? You don't have to be a Buc to enjoy this book."

Baseball in San Diego (two books)

Baseball in San Diego; From the Padres to Petco, Arcadia Publishing, 2004
Baseball in San Diego; From the Plaza to the Padres, Arcadia Publishing, 2005

Bob Chandler's Tales from the San Diego Padres

Sports Publishing, 2006. Co-author Bob Chandler

The Life of Dion Rich: Live Like a Millionaire With No Money Down

Silver Threads, 2011. Co-author Charlie Jones.

Off Guard

Silver Threads, 2012.  Co-author Walt Sweeney

Christmas in San Diego

Arcadia Publishing, 2015.

Honors
Winner, San Diego Press Club, History, for "Cruisin' with the Bay Park Boys" (2017)
Winner, San Diego Press Club, Profile,  for "Frye Wings"  (2017)
Winner, San Diego Press Club, Gardening, for "Dorothy Carroll, The Jacaranda Lady"  (2017)
Winner, San Diego Press Club, Sports, for  "Clairemont's Long Forgotten Little League Ballfields"  (2017)
The National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (Emmy Award), Pacific Southwest Chapter. Best Sports Documentary 2012: The First Padres. General Malaise Productions; William Swank, Associate Producer.
Inspiration Award, Friends of Balboa Park, 2012.
Winner, San Diego Press Club, 2015.
Winner, San Diego Press Club, 1999.
Winner, San Diego Book Awards, 1999

External links
 William Swank's Blog
 Now Batting: San Diego's Top Baseball Historian (interview with Voice of San Diego Magazine)

1940 births
Living people
Writers from Chicago
Writers from San Diego
Baseball writers
American male writers


Harry Semels (November 20, 1887 – March 2, 1946)  was an American film actor. He appeared in over 315 films between 1917 and 1946.

Career
Semels appeared in his first film in 1917. He began to achieve fame after arriving at Columbia Pictures, appearing in several Three Stooges shorts including Disorder in the Court, Wee Wee Monsieur and Three Little Sew and Sews. He also appeared in feature films like Road to Morocco, The Princess and the Pirate and The Kid from Brooklyn. A versatile character actor, Semels often appeared as villains, waiters, soldiers, lawyers, et al.

Personal life
Semels was Jewish and had two children, Ruth and David, who was killed in action during World War II.

Death

Semels died of a heart attack on March 2, 1946, in Hollywood, California. He was 58 years old.

Selected filmography

Here Comes the Bride (1919)
A Fallen Idol (1919)
Bound and Gagged (1919)
The Black Secret (1919)
Pirate Gold (1920)
Rogues and Romance (1920)
The Phantom Foe (1920)
Velvet Fingers (1920)
The Sky Ranger (1921)
Hurricane Hutch (1921)
Speed (1922)
Plunder (1923)
Into the Net (1924)
The Heart of a Siren (1925)
Play Ball (1925)
Moran of the Mounted (1926)
 Stick to Your Story (1926)
The Demon (1926)
For Alimony Only (1926)
The House Without a Key (1926)
The Isle of Forgotten Women (1927)
On Guard (1927)
Hawk of the Hills (1927)
The Noose (1928)
The Yellow Cameo (1928)
Beware of Blondes (1928)
The Battle of the Sexes (1928)
Riley the Cop (1928)
The Tiger's Shadow (1928)
Out with the Tide (1928)
Virgin Lips (1928)
The Charge of the Gauchos (1928)
The Royal Rider (1929)
The Delightful Rogue (1929)
Those Who Dance (1930)
Women Everywhere (1930)
The Lion and the Lamb (1931)
Dishonored (1931)
Night Beat (1931)
Sally of the Subway (1932)
Sin's Pay Day (1932)
Vanity Street (1932)
South of the Rio Grande (1932)
Young Blood (1932)
 The Wyoming Whirlwind (1932)
Texas Buddies (1932)
Drum Taps (1933)
The Thrill Hunter (1933)
Damaged Lives (1933)
The Meanest Gal in Town (1934)
The Revenge Rider (1935)
Three Little Beers (1935)
I'll Name the Murderer (1936)
Movie Maniacs (1936)
Under Two Flags (1936)
Half Shot Shooters (1936)
Disorder in the Court (1936) - District Attorney (uncredited)
The Gladiator (1938)
Wee Wee Monsieur (1938)
 The Marines Are Here (1938)
Three Little Sew and Sews (1939)
 Overland Mail (1939)
Dutiful But Dumb (1941)
 A Yank on the Burma Road (1942)
Back from the Front (1943)
Dizzy Pilots (1943)
 Sailor's Holiday (1944)
 The Unseen (1945) (uncredited rôle as Hurdy Gurdy Man)

References

External links

1887 births
1946 deaths
American male film actors
Jewish American male actors
American male silent film actors
20th-century American male actors


Carl Frederik von Breda (16 August 1759 – 1 December 1818) was a Swedish painter who studied in and spent much of his career in Britain before becoming painter to the Swedish court. He was born in Stockholm in 1759, and moved to Britain where he was a student of Joshua Reynolds. Breda specialized in painting portraits and was called "the van Dyck of Sweden". He returned to Sweden 1796 where he became professor at the Academy of Arts, a popular portraitist, and a court painter. Breda married at age 22 and his son, Johan Fredrik, was also a painter, who studied under his father. Breda died in Stockholm in 1818.

Early life
Breda's great-grandfather Pieter emigrated to Stockholm around the year 1670 from the Netherlands. The "von Breda" family name seems to indicate a connection with the city of Breda. Von is not a Dutch preposition, but in the Nordic countries, this originally German preposition has occasionally been used as a part of names of ennobled families of native or foreign, but non-German, origin. Pieter's son Lucas (Carl's grandfather, 1676–1752) was a successful painter. His son Lucas (Carl's father, 1726–1799) was an "arbitrator in cases of shipwreck", who also collected art. Lucas the younger married Johanna Cornelia Piper and they had five children, with Carl born on 16 August 1759. Carl had "an excellent education" and enrolled in the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts at age 19.

At the Academy, Breda studied historical and portrait painting. Lorens Pasch the Younger was Breda's master there, and Breda's early works show this influence very clearly, especially in his color palette. In 1780 Breda received the first of many prizes for his art, and in 1784 he exhibited 19 paintings in the first exhibition which the Academy arranged. The same year he saw his first royal portrait, one of Duchess Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte, sister-in-law to King Gustavus III. He also painted the Crown Prince, Gustavus Adolphus, and Gustavus III himself.

In 1786 he entered a competition in historical painting at the Academy, producing a painting on the theme of Meleager, the Greek Prince. He lost to Jonas Åkerström. According to Asplund, "the selection was influenced by the better financial position of Breda, since he was able to provide the money for the journey abroad which the prize money was to make possible." Breda had married at age 22 and he and his wife had at least one son, so instead of the usual young artist's trip to Paris and Rome, he chose to go to London, where his family could accompany him. In London, Breda's son Johan Fredrik von Breda, was born in 1788.

Great Britain
In Britain, Breda was exposed to the work of many great painters and was able to study with Joshua Reynolds. Reynolds was said by his pupil James Northcote to "not trouble himself much with his students", but his influence on Breda led to a "revolutionary change" in Breda's style, and through him had an effect on many subsequent Swedish portrait painters. Breda painted a portrait of Reynolds, which was his diploma picture for his admission to the Stockholm Academy of Arts in 1791.

Breda established a London studio in St James's Street and quickly became a popular portraitist with "learned men and literati" and "many lovely ladies". Among those he painted portraits of while in London were the abolitionists Thomas Clarkson, James Ramsay and Charles Bernhard Waldström, as well as engineers James Watt and Matthew Boulton. These last two were members of the Lunar Society and were painted by Breda on a visit to Birmingham in 1792. The portrait of Watt is in the National Portrait Gallery, London and that of Boulton in Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery. Others associated with the Lunar Society whose portraits Breda painted included the botanist and scientist William Withering and Mary Priestley, wife of chemist and theologian Joseph Priestley.

Return to Sweden
Breda returned to Stockholm in 1796, where he became a professor at the Academy and received many orders for portraits. According to Asplund, his "bold, spirited brushwork, which he had learnt in England, aroused admiration in Sweden" and his finest portraits were painted in 1797 and 1798 and sees the dawn of Romanticism in his later works. These include paintings of his father Lucas, two of his nephews, the scholar and humanist Nils von Rosenstein, and the singer Teresa Vandoni. This last is considered his most celebrated work.

According to Asplund, the longer he stayed in Sweden, the more monotonous Breda's portraits became. He inherited his father's house and art collection, and they became a center of culture in Stockholm. Breda taught students, including his son Johan, and was known as a kind and sympathetic teacher.

Breda received official commissions: after the monarchy fell in 1809, he painted a series of portraits of the "four Estates of the Realm" from 1811 on, and in 1812 he was ennobled. However, the political uncertainty and upheaval in Sweden at the time often interfered with his work. He failed to complete at least two planned paintings - in 1800 he was commissioned to paint the coronation of Gustav IV Adolf, whom he had painted as a child, but there were many delays and the king was deposed in 1809 before the painting could be completed.

A similar commission to paint the coronation of Gustav IV Adolf's Uncle, Charles XIII also was delayed repeatedly. Breda had difficulties finding a suitable studio to work in, and when he finally did, had to vacate it after two years for the sculptor Johan Niclas Byström. The work in progress was rolled up, but when he tried to complete it two years later, the painting had been ruined. The Swedish Parliament refused a grant to complete the painting in 1818 and Breda died soon after of a cerebral hemorrhage, on 1 December. His son Johan also had a career as a portrait painter and died in Stockholm in 1835.

Today Breda's works hang in many museums, including the Pera Museum in Istanbul, National Trust, Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, National Portrait Gallery in London, the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the Finnish National Gallery in Helsinki, and, in Stockholm, the Nationalmuseum and Academy of Arts.

Gallery

References

Literature
1. Minchinton W. Scandinavian Art in England 1768-1838. Three cases. - The Northern Seas: politics, economics and culture: eight essays. Ed. by W.Minchington. 1989.

2. Baird, Olga. The Lunar Society in Portraits by Carl-Fredrick von Breda: Likenesses of Life and Soul. //Birmingham Historian, Issue 30, Summer 2007. pp. 27–32.

1759 births
1818 deaths
18th-century Swedish painters
18th-century Swedish male artists
Swedish male painters
Painters from Stockholm
Court painters


WIHW-LP (96.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Dover, Delaware.  The station is owned by Capitol Baptist Church.  It airs a Religious radio format featuring programming from the Fundamental Broadcast Network.

Other programming on WIHW-LP includes the Revival Time Radio Broadcast hosted by Dr. Jack Trieber and
Truth For Teens, a Christian ministry for troubled teens.

The station was assigned the WIHW-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on April 10, 2004.

References

External links
Capitol Baptist Church of Dover
WIHW-LP coverage map
Fundamental Broadcasting Network official website

IHW-LP
IHW-LP
Radio stations established in 2005
Dover, Delaware


L'Anse-au-Loup is a town in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The town had a population of 692 in the Canada 2021 Census, up from 558 in 2016. In the Canada 2006 Census, there were 593 inhabitants. Common Surnames are Barney, Belben, Cabot, Earle, Linstead, Normore, O'Brien, Ryland.

The town is located along Route 510 in Labrador, between Forteau and L'Anse-au-Diable. The town was incorporated in 1975. The first mayor was Reginald O'Brien Sr.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, L'Anse au Loup had a population of  residing in  of its  total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

See also
 List of cities and towns in Newfoundland and Labrador
 Wolf Cove, Newfoundland and Labrador

References

Towns in Newfoundland and Labrador
Populated places in Labrador


Michał Rajkowski (born 17 December 1984) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from Poland.

Career
In 2007, Rajkowski signed for the Newport Wasps and then in 2008, he rode in the highest tier of British speedway for the Belle Vue Aces. The following season (2009) he rode for the Edinburgh Monarchs and Polonia Piła in the Polish Liga II.

In 2010, he rode for Berwick Bandits and Stoke Potters before joining the Glasgow Tigers in the 2011 British Premier League. His last appearance in Britain was during 2012, when he made a handful of starts for the Redcar Bears.

References

1984 births
Living people
Polish speedway riders
Belle Vue Aces riders
Berwick Bandits riders
Edinburgh Monarchs riders
Glasgow Tigers riders
Mildenhall Fen Tigers riders
Newport Wasps riders
Stoke Potters riders
People from Skwierzyna
Sportspeople from Lubusz Voivodeship


Ultraje a Rigor is a Brazilian rock band, which formed in 1980 and experienced great success along with other famous Brazilian rock bands from that time, like Titãs, Os Paralamas do Sucesso, Legião Urbana, and many others, mostly during the 1980s.

History

Early years
Ultraje a Rigor began its performances as a cover band - mostly playing songs of The Beatles, punk rock and new wave songs. The final and official line-up of Roger, Leôspa, Sílvio and Edgard began doing shows at parties and small bars. In 1982, still without an official name, they decided on Ultraje a Rigor. The name referred to the band's irreverence toward the songs they covered, frequently satirizing or distorting them. So, the band's name is a pun with the words "traje a rigor" (a ceremonial suit) and "ultraje" (outrage).

Soon, Silvio left the band and was replaced by Maurício. In April 1983, the new formation took part in the Theater Lira Paulistana's Boca no Trombone project, the band's first show featuring their own compositions exclusively. After one of these shows they were signed to a recording contract by producer Pena Schmidt who, at the time, was hiring groups such as Titãs for WEA. They recorded their first single, Inútil/Mim quer tocar, which, because of censorship problems, was not released until October of that year. After the single's release, which led to many more gigs for the band, Edgard, already a member of the band Ira!, found himself unable to continue splitting his time between the two bands and left Ultraje. Carlinhos was recruited to replace him. In 1984, with the new line-up, they recorded their second single, Eu me amo/Rebelde sem causa. Eu me amo did well on the radio.

Rising up
Their first LP, Nós Vamos Invadir sua Praia, released a few months later and given a push by the single Ciúme was a great success. It was the first rock LP in Brazil to go gold and platinum. Most of its songs had widespread airplay. Ultraje broke attendance records at different venues all around Brazil. At the beginning of 1986, they recorded an EP called Liberdade para Marylou, with a remixed version of Nós vamos invadir sua praia, Hino dos cafajestes and a carnival version of Marylou, the censored lines being substituted by trombone riffs. In 1987 they went on to record their second LP, Sexo!!. During the recording sessions Carlinhos, who had been considering a move to Los Angeles to form his own band, left the group and Sérgio Serra was drafted to fill his position. The album's success led to more tours all over Brazil, the writing of more songs, and no vacations, since 1984.

In 1989, more mature and somewhat stressed out by the constant touring, they recorded their third LP, Crescendo. The album sold well, but the media was beginning to lose interest in Ultraje after its four years of success. Even so, Ultraje still provoked controversy, teasing the announcement of the end of official censorship with the song Filha da Puta. The song was censored extra-officially on many radio stations and TV programs, which hindered promotion of the album. Other songs with spicy subjects such as O Chiclete and Volta comigo, a song that deals with adultery, had their airplay compromised. In 1990 Ultraje went back to their roots and released Por Quê Ultraje a rigor?, an album of covers that were part of their repertoire when they were playing small gigs. Mauricio, having married an American girl, moved to Miami, and Andria Busic temporarily joined the band on bass. One month later Andria was replaced by Osvaldo.

After nearly yet another year of touring, Roger realized that Ultraje was no longer the same band. Leôspa, having married, could no longer maintain his enthusiasm for traveling and rehearsing; Sérgio wanted to leave to form his own band; and Osvaldo preferred working in his professional studio. After a conversation with Leôspa, Roger decided to look for new members willing to join Ultraje a Rigor.

New lineup
Searching through bars and at the shows of bands just getting their start, he found Flávio Suete, a drummer with the band "Nem" (Nor) and The Central Scrutinizer Band, a band that played covers of Frank Zappa. Flávio recommended Serginho Petroni, the bass player in the same band. Together they began to audition new guitarists. After months of auditions and rehearsals they discovered Heraldo Paarmann through an informal announcement on Radio Brasil 2000 FM. They continued rehearsing and played a few shows to tighten up their sound. In 1992, against the band's wishes, WEA released a greatest hits collection called O mundo encantado do Ultraje a Rigor. Although primarily a collection of previously released material, the album contained two new tracks performed by the new line-up, along with some alternate takes of previously released hits.

In 1992, still in rebellion against the indifference of their record company, the group recorded independently Ah, se eu fôsse homem..., an amusing digression on the difficulties faced by men with regard to the new post-feminism. The tape of this song, distributed to radio stations by the band itself, produced the expected results.

In 1993, while in an already tense situation with the record company, they released Ó!, their sixth LP. It was their fourth LP with all-new material, and was hurriedly recorded with a small budget imposed on them by the record company. It was practically ignored by Warner's promotion department. One cut Acontece toda vez que eu fico (Apaixonado) was made into a successful video for MTV but the song was only a modest success in the media and in stores.

In the beginning of 1999, after Serginho left the band and was replaced by Mingau, Ultraje a Rigor has released 18 anos sem tirar!, a live album with a couple of new songs which provides an overview of the band's career up to this point and has already sold over 100,000 copies, a gold record in Brazil.

Ultraje in the new millennium
In 2002, another change on the lineup: Flávio and Heraldo, keeping away from the musical intentions of the rest of the band, left the band, being replaced by Sérgio Serra and Bacalhau. Soon, they released their sixth album, Os Invisíveis, with the track Domingo eu vou pra praia being a success. In March 2009, Sérgio Serra left the band due to inner discussions. Ultraje a Rigor is now working on a new album entitled Música Esquisita a Troco de Nada.

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

Live albums

EP

Compilation albums
O Mundo Encantado do Ultraje a Rigor (1992)

Singles
"Inútil" / "Mim quer tocar" (1983)
"Eu me amo" / "Rebelde sem causa" (1984)

References

 Ultraje a Rigor's biography at their official website

External links
 Official website

Brazilian musical quartets
Musical groups established in 1980
Brazilian rock music groups
1980 establishments in Brazil


Grofit (, lit. Shoot (of a plant)) is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located near Eilat in the Arabah region, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Eilot Regional Council. In  it had a population of .

History
The community was founded in 1963 as a Nahal settlement and is named after the Arabic name of the nearby Grofit Creek. In 1966 the kibbutz was settled by adults who had been members of the HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed youth movement.

Notable people
Moshe Ya'alon, Chief of Staff of the IDF from 2002 to 2005

References

External links
Official website

Kibbutzim
Kibbutz Movement
Populated places established in 1963
Nahal settlements
Populated places in Southern District (Israel)
1963 establishments in Israel


Spiratone was a company specializing in low-cost lenses and filters for cameras, lighting, and darkroom equipment.

The company was started by Fred Spira in 1941 in the bathroom of his parents' apartment where he developed film. In 1946, it relocated to a large loft on West 27th Street in Manhattan and then grew to a successful multimillion-dollar company. Mail orders were filled from their larger warehouse store on Northern Blvd. in Flushing, Queens.

Spiratone was an innovator in the industry, being one of the first companies to import Japanese photo equipment to the United States. It also became widely known as a distributor of odd, unique, or novelty photographic equipment such as Color Pre-tinted Black & White Photographic Printing Paper and the right-angled spy lens.
Other popular items included a very inexpensive 400mm telephoto lens and a stabilization processor.

According to Herbert Keppler, tests of Spiratone lenses "often proved them equal to or superior to that of famous manufacturers' own products."  Well-known photographer and writer Norman Rothschild used Spiratone lenses and filters for many of his photographs that appeared in the pages of Popular Photography magazine where he served as a writer and editor for a third of a century.

The company was very successful during the 1950s and 60s and then eventually declined due to competition, closing after being acquired by another company in 1990, three years after Mr. Spira retired in 1987.

References

Photography companies of the United States
Technology companies established in 1941
Companies based in New York City
Technology companies disestablished in 1990
1941 establishments in New York City
1990 disestablishments in New York (state)

de:Fred Spira


Siegfried Guggenheim (1873–1961) was a German lawyer, notary and art collector. He emigrated from Germany to the United States in 1938 due to fear of persecution due to his Jewish faith.

Biography
Guggenheim was born to Jewish parents in 1873. His father was a merchant. In 1900, he became the jurist doctorate in Offenbach, working as a lawyer. In 1919, he became a notary public order. Guggenheim was heavily engaged in Offenbach's cultural and social life and was a member of many organizations. He enjoyed fine arts and Jewish culture. He was a patron to the artist Rudolf Koch.  From Guggenheim's patronage emerged two great works: The Offender Haggadah tapestries, which can be found in the Klingspor Museum, and the so-called Offenbacher Haggadah, a tapestry by Fritz Kredel.

He also participated in the lively Jewish life.  He was a member of the Central Association of German citizens of Jewish faith, and from 1933 to 1939 chairman of the Offenbach Jewish community. He initiated 1912 with Max Goldschmidt, the then chairman of the Jewish community, the construction of a synagogue in Offenbach.

With the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933, his notary license was withdrawn. In November 1938, Guggenheim lost his license to practice law. He was deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp on November 9, 1938, making him a victim of Kristallnacht. After a few weeks he was released in December under the condition that he must leave Germany.  Later that month, he emigrated with his wife, Eugenie (1878-1984) to Flushing, New York. Their German citizenship was officially withdrawn in 1941. The Guggenheim's correspondence with the Frankfurt journalist and social worker Martha Wertheimer during their stay in the United States survived the war.

In 1948, the city of Offenbach appointed Siegfried Guggenheim an honorary citizen and named a street after him. Siegfried Guggenheim died in 1961, while his wife outlived him, dying in 1984.  Both he and his wife were cremated after their deaths and their urns were buried in Offenbach.

Notes
Fritz Bauer Institute (ed.): Martha Wertheimer: "In me is the great dark silence came" Letters to Siegfried Guggenheim in New York.  Written by 27.5.1939 - 2.9.1941, Frankfurt am Main, 1996
Dr. Ed Guggenheim: Offenbacher Haggadah.  Illustrations by Fritz Kredel, 1927 (2nd edition 1960).

References

1873 births
1961 deaths
Notaries
Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States


Mondo Topless were an American rock band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

History
Mondo Topless formed in 1992 in Philadelphia, and take their name from the 1966 film of the same name. The group's Stooges-inspired garage rock is distinguished by their use of a Vox Continental electric organ. Their debut single was the 1995 7" release, "I Want You To" b/w "Real Gone Girl", with their first full-length following the next year. They followed its release with touring across the United States for two years, until breaking to release their sophomore effort, 1998's Get Ready for Action. Go Fast!, the group's third full-length, appeared in 2002. Further touring around the U.S. followed the album's release. Take it Slow, was released in 2006, and features covers of songs by Paul Revere & the Raiders and Solomon Burke. Their most recent LP, "Freaking Out", is an all covers album, including interpretations of songs by Cream & Camper Van Beethoven among others. After nearly 20 years, leader Steinig retired the Mondo Topless name in early 2011 after the departures of Kris Alutius, Scott Rodgers, and Steve Thrash. The three performed briefly as The Mud Falcons before dissolving. Rodgers continues to play with Philadelphia-based country/roots band Hank's Cadillac, with whom he has performed since 2005.

Steinig formed a new band - The GTVs - in late 2011.  The GTVs have an album slated for release in late 2013 on the Italian Label 'Teen Sounds'.

Former members
Sam Steinig - vocals, organ, percussion (1992–2011)
Rick Halter - guitar (1992–1994)
Craig Surgent - guitar (1994–1995)
Vince Friel - guitar (1995–1999)
Kris Alutius - guitar, vocals (1999–2011)
Bob Dicks - bass (1992)
Juliette Watts - bass (1992–1995)
Jamie Mahon - bass (1995–1996)
Scott Parker - bass (1996)
Scott Rodgers - bass, vocals (1996–1999, 2004–2011)
John Loxterman - bass (1999–2004)
Eddie Beinlich - drums (1992–1993)
Tom Connors - drums (1993–2007)
Alex Beisker - drums (2007–2008)
Steve Thrash - drums (2008–2011)

Discography
Fifty Thousand Dollar Hand Job (360 Twist, 1996)
Get Ready for Action (Dionysus Records, 1998)
Go Fast! (Get Hip Recordings, 2002)
Take it Slow (Get Hip Recordings, 2006)
Freaking Out (Get Hip Recordings, 2010)

References

External links
Official Myspace

Musical groups from Philadelphia
Garage rock groups from Pennsylvania
Musical groups established in 1992


Ouvrage Chatelard is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line, also known as the Little Maginot Line.  Begun in 1938, the ouvrage consists of one infantry block about one kilometer northeast of Bourg St. Maurice, in the village of Le Chatelard. A short gallery with cross galleries extends into the rock, with an emergency exit and ventilation shaft halfway back. The ouvrage was incomplete in 1940, under the command of Sub-Lieutenant Bochaton.

Chatelard, along with Ouvrage Cave-à-Canon and several pre-1914 forts on the heights around Bourg-Saint-Maurice, were placed to block an advance over the Little St Bernard Pass toward Albertville.

Description
Block 1 (combination): one machine gun turret planned and two machine gun embrasures, three heavy twin machine gun embrasures and one 47mm anti-tank gun embrasure.

An additional block was planned with a machine gun turret, not completed.

The position presently serves as a dog shelter.

Blockhaus de Versoyen
The Blockhaus de Versoyen is just to the east of Chatelard, positioned to block a bridge and RN90. It was provided with an anti-tank ditch. The position was held by 13 men and was armed with one heavy twin machine gun/47mm anti-tank gun combination covering the road, and one heavy machine gun/25mm anti-tank gun combination covering the valley.

On 23 June 1940 an Italian patrol approached the Versoyen blockhouse and was fired upon by Chatelard.  On 25 June another patrol approached and opened fire.  The blockhouse returned fire, killing or wounding three Italians.

The Tarentaise region was liberated by Allied forces in March and April 1945.

See also
 List of Alpine Line ouvrages

References

Bibliography
Allcorn, William. The Maginot Line 1928-45. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II, Stackpole Books, 2006.
Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovič-Potočnik, A. and Lang, P. The Maginot Line: History and Guide, Pen and Sword, 2011.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 4 - La fortification alpine. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.

External links
 Chatelard (petit ouvrage de) at fortiff.be
 ouvrage du Chatelard at lignemaginot.com

CHAT
Maginot Line
Alpine Line


Park Avenue West Tower is a high-rise in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States. The 30-floor tower consists of commercial office space, ground floor retail, and apartments. It is the fourth tallest building in Portland behind the Wells Fargo Center, KOIN Center and the US Bancorp Tower. Developed by TMT Development and designed by TVA Architects. The building is taller than allowed by the zoning code at the time. A deal was made with the city for a variance in exchange for employing union workersfulfillment is still under dispute.

History

Park Avenue West Tower was initially scheduled to be completed in 2010 and was being developed by TMT Development. The tower was to have a total of 33 floors and offer retail space, office space and 85 housing units. The housing component was later dropped from the plans. It was also to have a six floor underground garage with 325 parking spaces. The building gained the top four floors when developers agreed to add  of bike facilities (including public bicycle commuter showers, bike parking, and locker space) under the connected Director Park subsurface parking, gaining the tower a 40-to-1 bonus.

Construction on the building was suddenly suspended in April 2009 Despite the suspension of construction, the developer was hopeful to get the building back on track by reducing the number of stories in the structure resulting from removal of the top ten floors which would have been condominium space. The building was about 50% leased, with Stoel Rives as the primary tenant (11 floors, 157,000 square feet), as well as a NikeTown store.  The Park Avenue site was considered an eyesore as there was only a foundation and construction debris visible for  years, earning the nickname "Moyer's Ruins".

TMT Development announced in December 2011 that work would resume in late 2013. Construction resumed in October 2013 after additional re-designs, with completion expected in early 2016. Plans called for 30 floors, with 15 of those housing 202 apartments. It topped out in February 2015 with a final height of . The tower opened in February 2016 and was 92% occupied. Shortly after opening, MetLife provided $130 million in permanent financing for the building.

Zoning code and union labor deal
The 30 story tower is taller than permitted by statutes of the zoning code. In 2014, city officials and the developer negotiated a deal to let them build 30 stories in exchange for utilizing union cleaners and security guards. These union jobs however did not happen. In March 2019, the labor union SEIU Local 49 hung a banner from the 11th floor windows as part of their protest and they have done so by renting a two-bedroom short term rental for two days. In August 2018, The Oregonian identified more than 20 out of 202 units at the Park Avenue West were utilized as short term rentals without permit. In June 2019, the SEIU Local 49 filed a lawsuit for union jobs to be created.

See also

Architecture in Portland, Oregon
List of tallest buildings in Portland, Oregon

References

External links

2016 establishments in Oregon
Apartment buildings in Portland, Oregon
Office buildings completed in 2016
Office buildings in Oregon
Residential skyscrapers in Portland, Oregon
Retail buildings in Oregon
Skyscraper office buildings in Portland, Oregon


The Western Herald is the student newspaper of Western Michigan University, in Kalamazoo, Michigan.  It began printing in 1916. The paper was known as the Western Normal Herald from 1916 to 1927. It provides news about the students, campus events and activities, as well as sporting events, opinion sections, and local culture and politics.

The Western Herald is different from many student newspapers. It receives a small amount of funding through a student activity fee as part of the Student Media Group ballot initiative passed in 2013. The ballot initiative also secured funding for WIDR and Young Broadcasters of Tomorrow (YBOT), now Western Herald Video. The funding is split between the three groups in an effort to solidify the student representation on campus through various media outlets.

During the fall and winter semesters the Western Herald prints twice a month and online daily. During the summer semester and over winter break, the Western Herald does not print but does publish online content.

The Western Herald maintains a staff of approximately 35–40 students. The whole of the Western Herald is entirely student-driven and student-run. The editorial content and design is decided by the student staff.

The Western Herald is the oldest registered student organization (RSO) at Western Michigan University.

References

External links
 Official site
 http://justprintme.com/westernherald/

Western Michigan University
Student newspapers published in Michigan


The  is a religious administrative organisation that oversees about 80,000 Shinto shrines in Japan. These shrines take the Ise Grand Shrine as the foundation of their belief. It is the largest Shrine Shinto organization in existence.

Description
The association has five major activities, in addition to numerous others:

Publication and dissemination of information on Shrine Shinto
The performance of rituals;
Education of adherents to Shinto;
Reverence of Ise Grand Shrine and the distribution of its amulets called Jingū Taima (神宮大麻); and
Preparation and training of individuals for the Shinto priesthood.

It currently has an administrative structure including a main office and branches. Its headquarters in Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo, adjacent to Meiji Shrine. Its leadership includes the , the head priestess of the Ise Shrine, presently Sayako Kuroda. The  is Kuniaki Kuni, and the post of  or Secretary-General is currently held by Masami Yatabe, the chief priest of the Mishima Shrine.  The association maintains regional offices in every prefecture. They handle financial and personnel matters for member shrines.

Overview

The Association of Shinto Shrines is the largest Shinto religious group in Japan, and more than 79,000 of the approximately 80,000 Japanese shrines, including major ones, are members. Each prefecture has a shrine office . It is the successor to the Institute of Divinities, which was an external agency of the Home Ministry, and is a comprehensive religious corporation based on the Religious Corporation Law.

In Article 3 of the "Regulations of the Religious Corporation 'Jinja Honcho' Agency," the regulations of the Agency as a religious corporation, the purpose of the Agency is to manage and guide shrines under its jurisdiction, promote Shinto, perform shrine rituals, educate and foster believers (Ujiko), support Ise Shrine, the head shrine, train priests, and conduct public relations through the publication and distribution of pamphlets, among other activities. The shrine is also involved in public relations activities through the publication and distribution of pamphlets.

Doctrine

Association of Shinto Shrine Charter
The Association of Shinto Shrines is a comprehensive religious corporation of about 80,000 companies nationwide. Each shrine has its own history, and there are various religious beliefs such as Yawata belief and Inari belief, and it was very difficult to establish one doctrine. Therefore , on May 21, 1980 (Showa 55), the "Association of Shinto Shrine Charter" was established by a decision of the Councilors. The background and position of this is stated in the preamble, "The important concern to date has been to establish and maintain basic norms as a tie for spiritual integration." At the time of enforcement of this Charter, the agency rules and previous rules, etc. shall be deemed to have been established based on this Charter. "

Article 1 states, "The Association of Shinto Shrines respects tradition, promotes rituals and promotes morality, prays for the prosperity of the great lord, and contributes to the peace of the four seas."

Platform for Respectful Life
Prior to the "Association of Shinto Shrine Charter", the "Platform of Respectful Life" was enacted in 1956 to show the practical spirit of the Association of Shinto Shrines.

There is no codified doctrine in the Association of Shinto Shrines, but according to the "Commentary on the Charter of the Association of Shinto Shrines", the Association of Shinto Shrines is the spirit of its establishment and activities with the "Association of Shinto Shrines" and the "Platform of Respectful Life".

History
The Association was established following the Surrender of Japan at the end of World War II. On 15 December 1945, the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP) issued the Shinto Directive, ordering the Disestablishment of Shinto as a state religion. On February 2, 1946, to comply with the SCAP order, three organizations – the , , and  – established the nongovernmental Association, assuming the functions of the Institute of Divinities, a branch of the Home Ministry.

In accordance with the Shinto Directive, 1946 (Showa21) January 23, National Association of Shinto Priests, the Office of Japanese Classics Research, and the Jingūkyō, took the lead to establish the Jinja Honcho.

Political links
The Association has many contacts within the Liberal Democratic Party and is a successful lobbyist; its influence can be seen in recent conservative legislation, like the legal recognition of the National Flag (Hinomaru) and National Anthem (Kimigayo), their use for official school events, or the revision of Fundamental Education Law, and it is behind some actions by conservative politicians, like visits to Yasukuni Shrine by Junichirō Koizumi, then Prime Minister of Japan.

See also
Shinto
Kogakkan University
Ise Jingu

References

Bibliography

Sources
This article incorporates material in 神社本庁 (Jinja Honchō) in the Japanese Wikipedia, retrieved on January 27, 2008, and May 22, 2022

External links

Religious organizations established in 1946
Shinto in Japan
1946 establishments in Japan
Association of Shinto Shrines


Switchblade Honey is a 2003 72-page science fiction graphic novel written by Warren Ellis and drawn by Brandon McKinney, published by AiT/Planet Lar.

Overview
Ellis got the idea for Switchblade Honey while watching Star Trek: Voyager, and commenting on how he preferred Patrick Stewart to Kate Mulgrew. He then had an entertaining thought:

"They should get Ray Winstone as captain."

He realized that modern TV science fiction tended to whitewash its characters, and using the actor as the archetype, came up with a foul-mouthed, chain-smoking, hard-drinking starship captain – John Ryder. McKinney agreed to draw the book, and the result was Switchblade Honey.

Plot
In the 23rd century, humanity is a multi-stellar nation embroiled in a hopeless war with the Chasta, an advanced species. John Ryder, an abrasive yet brilliant and noble starship captain, faces execution for refusing to destroy an ally starship as part of an involuntary kamikaze tactic. He has been given a chance to put his skills to use one last time, by leading a Dirty Dozen-like crew in a long-term guerrilla war against the Chasta.

References

External links

2003 graphic novels
2003 comics debuts
AiT/Planet Lar titles
American graphic novels
Comics by Warren Ellis
Fictional astronauts
Science fiction comics
Black comedy comics


Songs of Praise is the debut studio album by punk band the Adicts. It was released in 1981 on Dwed Wecords. It was re-released by Fall Out Records. A 1993 CD reissue by Cleopatra Records included two bonus tracks from the Bar Room Bop EP. In 2008, the album was rerecorded by the band and released as the "25th Anniversary Edition."

Critical reception
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music called the album "something of a cult classic in punk record-collecting circles."

Track listing
All songs written by Keith Warren and Pete Davison.
 "England"
 "Hurt"
 "Just Like Me"
 "Tango"
 "Telepathic People"
 "Mary Whitehouse"
 "Distortion"
 "Get Adicted"
 "Viva la Revolution"
 "Calling Calling"
 "In the Background"
 "Dynasty"
 "Peculiar Music"
 "Numbers"
 "Sensitive"
 "Songs of Praise"

1993 Cleopatra bonus tracks
 "Sound of Music"
 "Who Spilt My Beer?"

Personnel

The Adicts
 Monkey - vocals
 Pete Dee - guitar
 Mel Ellis - bass
 Kid Dee - drums

Release history

References

The Adicts albums
1981 debut albums
Cleopatra Records albums


Cornelis or Cornelius Ketel (18 March 1548 – 8 August 1616) was a Dutch Mannerist painter,  active in Elizabethan London from 1573 to 1581, and in Amsterdam till his death. Ketel,  known essentially as a portrait-painter, was also a poet and orator, and from 1595 a sculptor as well.

According to Ketel's biography, written by his contemporary Karel van Mander, he seems to have wanted to concentrate on the most prestigious of the hierarchy of genres, history painting, which included mythological subjects, but after he left France he is known almost entirely as a portrait-painter.  Neither England nor Holland had much demand for large history paintings during his lifetime, and none of Ketel's histories or allegorical paintings are known to have survived intact, although drawings and prints survive.  He did however significantly influence the development of the largest type of painting commonly produced in the United Provinces at this period, the civic group portrait.

Life

Ketel was born in Gouda in 1548 as an illegitimate child of Elisabeth Jacobsdr. Ketel and the art collector Govert Jans van Proyen. The famous Gouda glass painter Dirck Crabeth encouraged him to start painting as a student of his uncle, Cornelis Jacobsz. At the age of 18, he became a student of the Delft painter Anthonie Blocklandt. He later traveled to Paris where he lived with Jean de la Hame, glass-painter to King Charles IX.  From Paris he went to Fontainebleau, where he was working in 1566, in the final years of the School of Fontainebleau, a sojourn which was no doubt decisive in forming his taste for Mannerist allegory. He was forced to leave France in 1567 when all citizens of the Habsburg Netherlands were expelled.

He returned to Gouda, but the economy there was severely hit by the occupation of the city in 1572 by the Geuzen rebels, followed in 1573 by a plague which killed 20% of the population and the Dutch Revolt which was entering a new phase that destabilised daily life throughout the Netherlands.  Next, Ketel is recorded in England, and was one of several exiled Netherlandish artists active at the Tudor court in the 1570s. Cornelis Ketel married Aeltgen Gerrits in London in 1573. The biographer Karel van Mander notes his portrait of Sir Christopher Hatton, of the Earl of Oxford, and various noblemen, their wives and children. In 1578, permission was granted for a portrait of Queen Elizabeth, when on a visit to Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset at Hanworth Park House in Middlesex.

Finding no market in England for his preferred allegorical subjects, Ketel returned to the Low Countries as his son Rafaël was born in Amsterdam in 1581. Ketel introduced the full-length group portrait format to the Dutch burghers with great success, and seems to have been mostly commissioned as a portraitist. The Dutch taste emerging from the revolt was hostile to Mannerist allegory and even to simpler mythological subjects in art, which were widely associated with the hated Habsburgs, the rulers against whom the Dutch were rebelling.  He also painted some religious subjects; it is likely he was Remonstrants, just as his friend Hendrick de Keyser, the city architect and sculptor. His son Thomas de Keyser is thought to have been pupil of Cornelis van der Voort and van der Voort (born ca. 1576) is thought to have been a pupil of Ketel; they all became successful Amsterdam portraitists and commissioned with schuttersstukken. The Danish-born Pieter Isaacsz was certainly a pupil, and Van Mander mentions more. One was Wouter Crabeth from Gouda.

After the death of wife in 1602, he remarried in 1607 to Aeltge Jans, but not in a Calvinist church as he was an Arminian or a Remonstrant. This marriage produced one son, Andries, who died at a very young age. Ketel suffered a stroke and made his will in November 1613, witnessed by Hendrick de Keyser. He died in August 1616.

Works

London years

Ketel quickly established himself as a successful painter of portraits in London. Karel van Mander records that Ketel was patronized by the prosperous German Hansa merchants of the Steelyard and that a Force overcome by Wisdom and Prudence commissioned from him and presented to Sir Christopher Hatton introduced him to court circles.  Hatton commissioned a portrait and Queen Elizabeth I sat to him in 1578.  Ketel's large output in these years, much of which is now lost, can be estimated by the quantity of his known commissions. In 1577 Ketel was commissioned to paint a series of 19 portraits for the Cathay Company, one of which is the famous (but very damaged) full-length of Martin Frobisher now in the Bodleian Library. and several "great" paintings of Kalicho, the Inuit man Frobisher had brought back to England.  Ketel's self-portrait, which was engraved by Hendrick Bary, is in the Royal Collection. Recently, a series of head-and-shoulders paintings of members of the family of Thomas "Customer" Smythe dated 1579, now widely dispersed, has been identified as the work of Cornelis Ketel.

Apparently, all of Ketel's allegorical paintings have been lost, however, a formerly lost masterpiece was discovered and exhibited at the Tate Museum, London, in 1995, in a major exhibition entitled Dynasties. Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England 1530-1630. Attribution as to title of this work, this may be the lost "Triumph of Wisdom and Prudence over Force" 1580, painted in England. (Miedema-Schulting 1988) Referred to as "Allegory", this fragment, which was recently discovered, today forms, together with the reverse of no. 55, the sole remnant of Ketel's rich production of painted allegories, described in detail in van Mander in his Schilder-Boeck of 1604 [Miedema 1994].

Records indicate that Ketel charged £1 for a head-and-shoulders portrait and £5 for a full-length. Nicholas Hilliard, then in his prime as a painter of portrait miniatures, typically charged £3 for a miniature.

Later works

Some of Ketel's history paintings are documented in various ways, including a Democritus and a Heraclitus copied very brilliantly by Rembrandt aged around thirteen, when he was training with Pieter Lastman in Amsterdam. These were perhaps tronies, the Dutch genre of imaginary portraits of mythological or historical persons.  A van Mander story describes a peasant trying to explain a Ketel Danae to his wife, and getting it confused with an Annunciation.

Ketel's 1588 The Company of Captain Rosecrans, the earliest Dutch group portrait where the figures are shown standing and full length, "greatly influenced later artists of militia pieces, such as Rembrandt in his Night Watch of 1642."—to whom one should add Frans Hals and Bartholomeus van der Helst—and set an Amsterdam tradition; Hals's Harlem groups are from knee-height only, but his great Amsterdam group is full-length.  However, Ketel, like Hals, spread his sitters laterally at irregular intervals, but kept them all in a row at the front of the picture space; it was left to Rembrandt to spread his subjects deep into the picture-space as well. The picture has been trimmed on all sides, especially above; originally the city gate in front of which the group are standing was much more prominent, and in this respect closer to the Night Watch. The group also carry their weapons indoors, another innovation.

Together with Pieter Pietersz, Ketel was the leading portraitist in Amsterdam for many years, and one of the generation of Dutch portrait-painters whose increasingly sophisticated work laid the foundations for their much more famous successors.  Whereas in England portraits in oils remained mostly confined to the court and gentry, in the Netherlands they were already common among the prosperous mercantile classes.  Ketel lived across Oude Kerk, where he bought in 1593 a house on the so-called "Velvet Canal". Both Ketel and Pietersz developed an Amsterdam style often marked by depicting sitters "very close to the picture plane, from an unusual angle, and cropped closely by the frame" (see Double Portrait of a Brother and Sister, below). Ketel seems to have kept a stock of drawings of poses, from which a patron might choose, and which could be worked up by studio assistants without the sitter's presence being required. Van Mander records that around 1600 he at times discarded his brush and painted directly with his fingers, and even developed the trick of painting with his feet and toes—presumably just for short periods. This may have been to amuse himself and his sitters, to relieve boredom. An alternative, perhaps more likely, explanation, is that he was forced to do so by a progressive paralysis, perhaps arthritic, which finally completely overcame him by 1610–1613.

Gallery

Notes

References

Cust, Lionel: "Notes on Pictures in the Royal Collections-XXIV. On Some Portraits by Cornelis Ketel" The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 22 No. 116 (November 1912)
Ekkart, Rudi, and Quentin Buvelot, eds. Dutch Portraits, The Age of Rembrandt and Frans Hals, Zwolle: Mauritshuis/National Gallery/Waanders Publishers 2007,
Franits, Wayne. Dutch Seventeenth-Century Genre Painting, Princeton: Yale University Press, 2004,
Hearn, Karen, ed. Dynasties: Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England 1530-1630.  New York: Rizzoli, 1995.
James, Ralph N. Painters and Their Works: A Dictionary of Great Artists who are Not Now Alive, London: L. Upcott Gill, 1897, digitized at Google Books, retrieved 3 February 2008
Judson, J. Richard, "A New Insight into Cornelis Ketel's Method of Portraiture" Master Drawings 1.4 (Winter 1963)
Slive, Seymour, Dutch Painting, 1600-1800, Princeton: Yale University Press, 1995,
Strong, Roy,The English Icon: Elizabethan and Jacobean Portraiture, 1969, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London (Strong 1969)
Strong, Roy: Gloriana: The Portraits of Queen Elizabeth I, New York: Thames and Hudson, 1987,  (Strong 1987)
Waterhouse, Ellis; Painting in Britain, 1530-1790, 4th Edn, 1978, Penguin Books (now Yale History of Art series)

External links
 Birth certificate of a child called Rafel
 Cornelis Ketel on artcyclopedia

1548 births
1616 deaths
Dutch Golden Age painters
Dutch male painters
Renaissance painters
People from Gouda, South Holland


El Badari () is a town in the Asyut Governorate, Upper Egypt, located between Matmar and Qaw El Kebir.

Etymology
The older name of the town is Berdanis () or Badarnos (), which Timm derives from Anba Darius.

Archaeology

El Badari contains an archaeological site with numerous Predynastic cemeteries (notably Mostagedda, Deir Tasa and the cemetery of El Badari itself), as well as at least one early Predynastic settlement at Hammamia. The area stretches for  along the east bank of the Nile, and was first excavated by Guy Brunton and Gertrude Caton-Thompson between 1922 and 1931.

The finds from El Badari form the original basis for the Badarian culture (c. 5500-4000 BC), the earliest phase of the Upper Egyptian Predynastic period.

References

Archaeological sites in Egypt
Geography of ancient Egypt
Badarian culture


Trois novelettes (Three novelettes) are three short pieces for piano composed by Francis Poulenc.

The first two novelettes, in C major and B-flat minor, FP 47, written in 1927 and 1928 respectively, were originally published together. The third, in E minor, FP 173, was written in 1959. These novelettes demonstrate multi-layered piano writing.

Novelette in C major (1927) is dedicated to Virginie Liénard, a family friend, also the dedicatee of Poulenc's piano suite Soirées de Nazelles (1930–36). The piece features a neo-classical song-like melody interrupted by a central contrasting section.
Novelette in B-flat minor (1928) is similar in ways to a scherzo. It is dedicated to Poulenc's friend and critic Louis Laloy.
Novelette in E minor (1959) is based on Manuel de Falla's 7/8 theme from El amor brujo (1916), simplified by Poulenc into 3/8 time, and without a contrasting section. It employs fluid arpeggio figures. This piece is dedicated to Poulenc's close friend R. Douglas Gibson.
Manuel de Falla: Reference is found in Pantomima,  Andantino Tranquilo.

Poulenc premiered his first two novelettes at a concert in Paris on 10 June 1928.

References
Sachania, M. & Potter, C. Francis Poulenc: Three Novelettes for Piano, Chester Music, revised edition (1999).

Bibliography

Compositions by Francis Poulenc
1927 compositions
1928 compositions
1959 compositions
Compositions for solo piano


Kirsten Iora Müller-Daubermann (née Haglund; born September 14, 1988) is a public speaker, eating disorder awareness activist, commentator, and president of the Kirsten Haglund Foundation. She served as Miss America 2008.

Education
At age 12, Haglund moved to Pennsylvania and lived with a host family to study ballet at the Central Pennsylvania Youth Ballet School.

Haglund graduated from Walled Lake Western High School in 2006 and spent one year pursuing a Bachelor of Fine Arts in musical theatre at the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music in Cincinnati, Ohio. She took time off to fulfill her duties as Miss Michigan 2007 and also prepare for and compete in the 2008 Miss America pageant.

After her reign as Miss America 2008, Haglund lived in Los Angeles, California for a year, and then returned to school to finish her undergraduate degree, using the over $60,000 in scholarship she won competing in the Miss America Organization. She received a B.A. in political science from Emory University in May 2013.

Pageantry

Miss Michigan
Haglund's grandmother, Iora Hunt, represented Detroit, Michigan, at the Miss America 1944 pageant.

After winning the Miss Oakland County local title in 2006, Haglund competed in the Miss Michigan pageant and won in June 2007. She won a preliminary swimsuit award and at the conclusion of the final competition was crowned Miss Michigan. For her state talent, she performed "Adele's Laughing Song" from the operetta, Die Fledermaus.

Miss America 2008
Haglund represented Michigan in the Miss America 2008 pageant broadcast on TLC from the Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada on January 26, 2008. She won a preliminary swimsuit award on Wednesday night, becoming her state's first preliminary swimsuit award winner since 1987. For the talent competition, she sang, "Over the Rainbow" from The Wizard of Oz. Her platform was "Eating Disorder Awareness," as she personally suffered from anorexia for five years beginning at age twelve.

At the conclusion of the live telecast, Haglund was crowned the 83rd Miss America. She succeeded Lauren Nelson, of Lawton, Oklahoma and was Michigan's fifth Miss America. At 19, Haglund was the youngest competing and the youngest Miss America winner since Kimberly Aiken took the title in 1993.

Miss America role
During her first week as Miss America, Haglund appeared on Live with Regis and Kelly, ABC News Now, Inside Edition, and Fox and Friends. She spoke at Harvard University and for the National Press Club on her platform of "Eating Disorder Awareness," and lobbied with the Eating Disorders Coalition on Capitol Hill for Mental Health Parity, speaking at a congressional briefing on her own personal battle and recovery from anorexia nervosa.

As part of her support of the Children's Miracle Network, the official platform of Miss America, Haglund served as National Goodwill Ambassador for the organization, visiting hospitals across the country, and supporting the organization's fundraising initiatives. She met with President Bush at the White House while participating in CMN's "Champions Across America" event. In the last week of her reign as Miss America, as a guest of the USO, she appeared in the Inaugural Parade for President Barack Obama, and attended the Commander in Chief Inaugural Ball.

Career
After completing her year of service as Miss America 2008, she continued to travel and speak on body-image issues and eating disorders, also began her own 501(c)(3) non-profit foundation, the Kirsten Haglund Foundation, in 2009 to provide treatment scholarships for women struggling with the illness. She currently [when?] serves as a Community Relations Specialist at the Timberline Knolls Residential Treatment Center in Lemont, Illinois, and is an ambassador for the National Eating Disorders Association.

She is a frequent commentator on politics, the millennial generation, women's and celebrity issues on Hannity, Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld, Fox & Friends, and The Real Story on Fox News Channel, and Real News on The Blaze. She has also made guest appearances on panels on Huffington Post Live, HLN, The Joy Behar Show, and on Fox Business News.

In other broadcasting work, she has appeared as a sideline correspondent for the 2012 and 2013 National Memorial Day Parades in Washington, D.C., televised in the DC Metro Area, conducting interviews with United States Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus, actors Gary Sinise and Joe Mantegna and others.

She also served as a correspondent for the 6ABC telecast of the 2013 "Show Us Your Shoes" Parade, as a part of the Miss America Organization's return of the pageant to Atlantic City, New Jersey. As parade correspondent, she hosted segments alongside Lee Meriwether, Miss America 1955 and Phil Laduca, and conducted interviews with Bachelor host Chris Harrison and Good Morning America's Lara Spencer. She also appeared as a guest co-host for the hour-long 6ABC pre-pageant broadcast on September 16, 2013.

Haglund was the lead anchor of the daily, "Morning Briefing" on Styrk.com, an online news network.

She also hosts a podcast on Faithwire.com titled, "The Sonder Podcast," during which she interviews, "leaders in politics, faith, mental health and culture."

Personal life
Haglund married Ryan Smith in July 2012. The couple later divorced.

In October 2019, Haglund married Amadeus Müller-Daubermann, a head strategist for ThyssenKrupp, in Marco de Canaveses, Portugal.

Haglund currently lives in Zürich, Switzerland.

References

External links

 Kirsten Haglund on Facebook

 Kristen Haglund Foundation

1988 births
Living people
Miss America 2008 delegates
Miss America winners
People from Farmington Hills, Michigan
University of Cincinnati – College-Conservatory of Music alumni
Miss America Preliminary Swimsuit winners
Michigan Republicans
Emory University alumni
American expatriates in Switzerland
American women podcasters
American podcasters


Ouvrage Cave-à-Canon is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line.  Started in 1937, the ouvrage consists of one infantry block about one kilometer east of Bourg St. Maurice, on the south bank of the Isère. A short gallery with cross galleries extends into the rock, with an emergency exit and ventilation shaft halfway back. The ouvrage was incomplete in 1940, under the command of Lieutenant Courteaud.

Cave-à-Canon, and with Ouvrage Chatelard across the valley to the north, and several pre-1914 forts on the heights around Bourg-Saint-Maurice, were placed to block an advance over the Little St Bernard Pass toward Albertville.

Description
Block 1 (combination): one machine gun turret planned and three machine gun embrasures, three heavy twin machine gun embrasures and one 47mm anti-tank gun embrasure.

The Tarentaise region was liberated by Allied forces in March and April 1945.

See also
 List of Alpine Line ouvrages
 Man caves

References

Bibliography
Allcorn, William. The Maginot Line 1928-45. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II, Stackpole Books, 2006.
Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovič-Potočnik, A. and Lang, P. The Maginot Line: History and Guide, Pen and Sword, 2011.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 4 - La fortification alpine. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.

External links
 Cave à canons (petit ouvrage de la) at fortiff.be
 Petit ouvrage de la Cave à Canon at lignemaginot.com
 Petit ouvrage de la Cave à Canon at wikimaginot.eu

CAVE
Maginot Line
Alpine Line


Neve Harif () is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located in the Arabah valley near Eilat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Eilot Regional Council. In  it had a population of .

History
The kibbutz was founded in 1983 by city dwellers who wanted to establish a kibbutz that would combine the kibbutz ideology with a modern daily lifestyle. The community was established on a temporary site named Shitim, moving to the current site a year later. The kibbutz was originally named Avida () based on its location, but was renamed Neve Harif in honour of Knesset member and kibbutz activist Moshe Harif who was killed in a car crash in 1982.

References

External links
Neve Harif Negev Information Centre

Kibbutzim
Kibbutz Movement
Populated places established in 1983
Populated places in Southern District (Israel)
1983 establishments in Israel


Ouvrage Sapey is a work (gros ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line, also known as the Little Maginot Line.  The ouvrage consists of one entry block, three artillery blocks and one observation block two kilometers west of Modane.  The ouvrage was built beneath the older Fort du Sapey. The new work cost 12.8 million francs.

The ouvrage and fort were accessed by an aerial tram built in 1908, which also connected to Fort du Replaton, located down the slope from Sapey.

Fort du Sapey
The Fort du Sapey is the center of an ensemble of fortifications designed to protect Modane, the valley of the Arc and the terminus of the Fréjus Rail Tunnel to Italy, which was completed in 1871. The fort was built  to the west of Modane at an altitude of about , on a hill that dominates the entire valley. The principal fort was built between 1884 and 1892 as part of the Séré de Rivières system. Construction was initially of stone, but concrete was added after the invention of high explosive made masonry construction untenable in fortifications. Additional work was undertaken in 1913, continuing until work stopped in 1916. The work reinforced magazines, batteries and shelters and excavated galleries for further shelters into the rock. A special battery was built and excavated into the rock to directly cover the end of the Fréjus tunnel. The entire ensemble was surrounded by a wall.

The position received a disproportionate amount of resources, considering the limited possibilities for enemy attack through the tunnel or over the Mont Cenis pass.

Batterie du Sapey
The battery covering the end of the rail tunnel was completed between 1913 and 1916, mounting six 155mm guns. It was renovated in the 1930s, but unaltered. The position remained military property into the 2000s, and is presently abandoned. It is owned by the commune of Modane. Access is forbidden.

Sapey barracks
The barracks were built in 1898 and partly modernized between 1913 and 1916. The barracks were provided with a large underground shelter or abri-caverne capable of housing 500. A number of access galleries exist and connect to the later Maginot ouvrages. The barracks are community property.

Redoute du Sapey
The principal redoubt of Sapey was built between 1885 and 1892. Manned by 36 soldiers under 4 officers, it mounted ten de Bange 120mm guns, six in the main fortification and four in an annex. The redoubt was provided with a drawbridge and impressive walls. The casemates were cut from rock and accessed by underground galleries. Renovations in the 1930s provided concrete reinforcement. The redoubt was kept as military property until the 21st century, but has suffered considerable deterioration. It is now community property and may not be accessed.

Ouvrage du Sapey
The Maginot ouvrage extended under the barracks and redoubt of Fort Sapey.  Entered from the west, the galleries connected to the old  abris of the barracks, emerging at combat blocks under the walls for the redoubt on the east side. The proposed 145mm turret was to be built in the area of the barracks, near the underground utility plant.

Description
Block 1 (artillery): one observation launcher cloche, and machine gun cloche, four 75mm gun embrasures (also known as crenellations) and one heavy twin machine gun/47mm anti-tank gun embrasure.
Block 2 (artillery): one 75mm gun embrasure (Battery Maurienne).
Block 3 (observation): one observation cloche and two observation embrasures.
Block 4 (artillery): two 75mm gun embrasures (Battery Fréjus).
Entry block: one machine gun cloche and one machine gun/47mm anti-tank gun embrasure.

A 145mm gun turret was planned but never installed.

History
The 75mm guns of Sapey Fréjus battery fired on Italian troops in the vicinity La Roue on 20 June 1940. The next day the battery fired on the Vallée-Étroite. Fréjus was joined by Battery Maurienne on the 22nd, firing on Italian forces in the vicinity of Bramans. The next day the ouvrage fired toward Planey. Further bombardments followed on the 24th and 25th, ceasing with the armistice of the 25th. Fire direction as provided by Ouvrage Saint-Antoine. A total of 1428 shots were fired by Maurienne and 981 by Fréjus.

After the 1940 armistice, Italian forces occupied the Alpine ouvrages and disarmed them. In August 1943, southern France was occupied by the German 19th Army, which took over many of the Alpine positions that had been occupied by the Italians until Italy's withdrawal from the war in September 1943.

In 1944, Sapey was recaptured relatively easily on 13 September. Sapey had suffered little damage during the war, apart from the destruction of its aerial tram, and by the end of 1944 was partly repaired and placed into service. Immediately after the war, the Maurienne region was regarded as an area of medium priority for restoration and reuse by the military. By the 1950s the positions in the Southeast of France were restored and operational again. However, by 1960, with France's acquisition of nuclear weapons, the cost and effectiveness of the Maginot system was called into question. Between 1964 and 1971 nearly all of the Maginot fortifications were deactivated.

See also
 List of Alpine Line ouvrages

References

Bibliography
Allcorn, William. The Maginot Line 1928–45. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003.
Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II, Stackpole Books, 2006.
Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovič-Potočnik, A. and Lang, P. The Maginot Line: History and Guide, Pen and Sword, 2011.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 1. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2001.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 4 – La fortification alpine. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.
Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5. Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009.

External links
 Sapey (gros ouvrage du) at fortiff.be
 Sapey (ensemble fortifié du) at fortiff.be
 Sapey (fort du) at fortiff.be
 Sapey (redoute du) at fortiff.be
 Sapey (batterie du) at fortiff.be
 Sapey (baraquement du) at fortiff.be

CHAT
Maginot Line
Alpine Line
Séré de Rivières system


Linda Harvey Wild (born February 11, 1971) is a retired tennis player from the United States. Born as Linda Harvey, she later used the family name of her stepfather and coach Steve Wild.

Wild turned professional in 1989. In the first round of her first tournament in February 1990 in her hometown of Chicago, she defeated then fifth-ranked Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. During her career on the WTA Tour, she won five singles and five doubles titles. Her best Grand Slam singles performance came at the 1996 US Open, where she defeated Park Sung-hee, Kristie Boogert, Barbara Rittner and Lindsay Davenport to reach the quarterfinals, where she was defeated by Conchita Martínez. Her best doubles result she realized at the 1996 Australian Open, reaching the semifinals with Elizabeth Smylie.

Wild was a member of the United States Fed Cup team that won 1996 the title. She reached career-high rankings of No. 23 in singles (in September 1996) and No. 17 in doubles (July 1996). She retired from the tour in 2000.

WTA career finals

Singles: 9 (5 titles, 4 runner-ups)

Doubles: 11 (5 titles, 6 runner-ups)

References

External links

1971 births
Living people
American female tennis players
Sportspeople from Arlington Heights, Illinois
Tennis people from Illinois
21st-century American women


The 1998  Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rookie draft was an event at which teams drafted players from the amateur ranks. The annual rookie draft was held on December 22, 1997, at the Glorietta Mall in Makati.

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

Notes
The Formula Shell Zoom Masters traded first overall pick Danilo Ildefonso to the San Miguel Beermen in exchange for second overall pick Noy Castillo on draft day.
Ginebra San Miguel traded the draft rights to Steven Smith to the San Miguel Beermen in exchange for Paul Alvarez.
The San Miguel Beermen's fifth overall draft pick William Antonio and the Alaska Milkmen's twelfth overall draft pick Stephen Antonio are brothers.

References

draft
Philippine Basketball Association draft