Max Michaelis Ehrlich (7 December 1892 – 1 October 1944) was a German Jewish actor, screenwriter, and director on the German theater, comedy and cabaret scene of the 1930s.

Ehrlich began his career in the 1920s at various theatres, including leading roles in Max Reinhardt productions and revues. He appeared in 42 films, ten of which he directed, and on eight records. He wrote several books, including From Adelbert to Zilzer, his best-selling humorous collection of stories and anecdotes about sixty-two of his best known show business friends and colleagues.

Career in Nazi Germany

In 1933, the National Socialists seized power and stopped Ehrlich and his other Jewish colleagues from working in Germany. As a result, he left for Vienna to appear with the Rudolf Nelson Revue. However, there too, Austrian anti-Semites interrupted the show with cries of "Jews, get out of Vienna." Consequently, the troupe left for The Netherlands, stopping en route for stage appearances in Switzerland.

In 1935, homesick for his native land, Ehrlich returned to Nazi Germany. Jewish entertainers once again were permitted to perform there but only within the framework of the Jüdischer Kulturbund (Jewish Cultural Union) and exclusively in front of Jewish audiences. Ehrlich was named director of the Kulturbund's light theatre departments. However, following the 1938 pogrom "Kristallnacht," he decided to leave Germany definitively. Both of his farewell performances immediately sold out, so that a third presentation on 2 April 1939 was added. Here, in front of a full house of fans, calling out their affection and encouragement, Ehrlich made his final appearance in Germany.

Westerbork

Subsequently, he returned to the Netherlands once again and joined Willy Rosen's "Theater der Prominenten" (Theatre of Celebrities), until in 1943 –like so many of his colleagues– Ehrlich was imprisoned in the Westerbork concentration camp. While at Westerbork, he created and became director of the "Camp Westerbork Theatre Group," a cabaret troupe that during its eighteen-month existence staged six major theatre productions, all within the concentration camp's confines. A majority of the actors were famous Jewish show business personalities; prominent artists from Berlin and Vienna, such as Willy Rosen, Erich Ziegler, Camilla Spira, and Kurt Gerron; or well known Dutch performers, like Esther Philipse, Jetty Cantor, and Johnny & Jones. At its high point, the group counted fifty-one members, including a full team of musicians, dancers, choreographers, artists, tailors, and make-up, lighting, and other technicians, as well as stage hands.

Most of the shows combined elements of revue and cabaret –songs and sketches– but, on one occasion, the program included a revue-operetta, Ludmilla, or Corpses Everywhere—a production whose theme sadly was a premonition of the actors' and other prisoners' fate. While some scenes were implicitly critical, of course, the Theatre Group at no time produced openly political cabaret or directly attacked the Nazi regime. To do so would have violated the most fundamental condition for the troupe's and its members' survival, as life in Westerbork was dominated by the persistent threat of deportation on the next transport to an unknown but deeply feared fate in the East. So, standing helplessly and unaided before the fascists' executioners and their lackeys, the Theatre Group, of necessity, limited itself to entertaining its audiences and to momentarily distracting them from the surrounding horrors. But in so doing, it also gave their captive audiences renewed hope and the courage to face an otherwise unbearable existence.

Doubtlessly, this artistic activity provided the means for everyone concerned, audiences and actors alike, to retain a small measure of humanity, free their minds –if only momentarily– from the tragedy of daily life and nourish the illusion of survival.

Death

During the summer of 1944, increasing numbers of transports carried Westerbork's prisoners to the extermination camps in the East. Of 104,000 camp inmates, fewer than 5,000 survived. In the last transport to leave Westerbork, on 3 September 1944, Ehrlich was number 151 on the list of victims. Eyewitnesses recount that, after reaching Auschwitz, he was recognized by a Hauptsturmführer. As a result, Ehrlich was subjected to additional torture: brought before a group of SS officers holding their loaded guns aimed at him, he was ordered to tell jokes. On 1 October 1944, Ehrlich was murdered in the Auschwitz gas chambers.

On 12 April 1945, British troops liberated Westerbork. By then, only 876 prisoners were left: 464 men, 309 women, and 229 children; only two were Theatre Group members.

Filmography

Actor
 We'll Meet Again in the Heimat (1926)
 Family Gathering in the House of Prellstein (1927)
 Herkules Maier (1928)
 The Blue Mouse (1928)
 Honeymoon (1928)
 Die tolle Komteß (1928)
 German Wine (1928)
 Her Dark Secret (1929)
 The Black Domino (1929)
 Vienna, City of Song (1930)
 Hocuspocus (1930)
 Fairground People (1930)
 Der Korvettenkapitän/Blaue Jungs von der Marine (1930)
 Leutnant warst Du einst bei deinen Husaren (1930)
 Susanne Cleans Up (1930)
 Kabarett-Programm Nr. 2 (short film, 1931)
 Kabarett-Programm Nr. 6 (short film, 1931)
 Madame Pompadour (1931)
 Der Tanzhusar (1931)
 In Wien hab' ich einmal ein Mädel geliebt (1931)
 Um eine Nasenlänge (1931)
 Der Storch streikt. Siegfried der Matrose (1931)
 The Soaring Maiden (1931)
 Der Schlemihl (1931)
 Der Hochtourist (1931)
 Goldblondes Mädchen, ich schenk Dir mein Herz – Ich bin ja so verliebt... (1931/32)
 The Magic Top Hat (1932)
 Wer zahlt heute noch? (short film, 1932)
 When Love Sets the Fashion (1932)
 Herr Direktor engagiert (short film, 1932/33)

Director
 Revierkrank (short film, 1932)
 Die erste Instruktionsstunde (short film, 1932)
 Kaczmarek als Rosenkavalier (short film, 1932/33)
 Hugos Nachtarbeit (1933)

Film writer
 It Attracted Three Fellows (1928)
 Honeymoon (1928)
 Miss Chauffeur (1928)
 In Werder the Trees are in Bloom (1928)
 The Weekend Bride (1928)
 The Crazy Countess (1928)
 The House Without Men (1928)
 A Small Down Payment on Bliss (1928/29)
 Mascots (1928/29)
 The Copper (1930)
 Hugo's Nachtarbeit (short film, 1933)

References

 Original Max Ehrlich Family Documents (notably: Max Ehrlich's birth certificate, Ehrlich family wartime and post-World War II correspondence with the International Red Cross, personal letters from Max Ehrlich, etc.) from the Max Ehrlich Association Archive, Geneva Switzerland
 Zwischenwelt: Zeitschrift für Kultur des Exils und des Widerstands: "Kabarett im Exil"; ISSN 1606-4321; 20th year, Nr. 1, May 2003
 Getekend in Westerbork:Leven en werk van Leo Kok 1923–1945 (Westerbork drawings: Life and work of Leo Kok);
 Metzler Kabarett Lexikon, by Klaus Budzinski / Reinhard Hippen; J.B. Metzler 1996;
 Verehrt Verfolgt Vergessen, Schauspieler als Naziopfer by Ulrich Liebe; Beltz/Quadriga 1992;
 Geschlossene Vorstellung, Der Jüdische Kulturbund in Deutschland 1933–1941; Akademie der Künste 1992;
 Berlin Cabaret, by Peter Jelavich; Harvard University Press 1993;
 Jüdisches Theater in Nazideutschland by Herbert Freeden; J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck) Tübingen 1964
 Theatrical Performance during the Holocaust by Rebecca Rovit and Alvin Goldfarb; Johns Hopkins University Press 1999;

Bibliography
 Heulen und Zähneklappern, Das Buch der Faulen Witze by Max Ehrlich and Paul Morgan; Eden-Verlag Berlin 1927
 Von Adelbert bis Zilzer by Max Ehrlich; Eden-Verlag Berlin 1928,
 Special Max Reinhardt Jubilee edition: Blätter des deutschen Theaters by Willi Schaeffers, Max Ehrlich and Paul Morgan

External links
 Max Ehrlich Association Website

 Max Ehrlich Biography (German)
 The Westerbork Serenade

1892 births
1944 deaths
German male stage actors
Kabarettists
German male film actors
German male silent film actors
German male screenwriters
German people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp
German civilians killed in World War II
Male actors from Berlin
20th-century German male actors
People killed by gas chamber by Nazi Germany
German male writers
Film people from Berlin
German male comedians
Jewish German male actors
German Jews who died in the Holocaust
Jewish German writers
20th-century German screenwriters
Comedians from Berlin


Whitestaunton is a village and civil parish in the South Somerset district of Somerset, England. The parish includes the hamlet of Northay. It was known simply as Staunton until the 14th century.

History
The univallate Iron Age hill fort at Horse Pool Camp is situated approximately  west from the village. The hill fort is an oval univallate that is  long and  wide.

The parish of Whitestaunton was part of the South Petherton Hundred.

A Roman bath house and Edwardian folly in the village were excavated by the television series Time Team.

Whitestaunton Manor dates from the 15th century and is a Grade I listed building.

Governance
The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.

The village falls within the Non-metropolitan district of South Somerset, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Chard Rural District. The district council is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism.

Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and  fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.

It is also part of the Yeovil county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election, and was part of the South West England constituency of the European Parliament prior to Britain leaving the European Union in January 2020, which elected seven MEPs using the d'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation.

Religious sites
The Church of St Andrew dates from the 13th century and has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade I listed building.

Notable residents
 Charles Isaac Elton (1839–1900) lawyer, antiquary, and politician.

References

External links

Villages in South Somerset
Civil parishes in Somerset


Mizengo Kayanza Peter Pinda (born 12 August, 1948) is a Tanzanian CCM politician who was Prime Minister of Tanzania from 2008 to 2015. He was a Member of Parliament from 2000 to 2015.

Life and career
Pinda was born in the former northern Rukwa Region which is now Mpanda District of Katavi Region. He holds a degree in law from the University of Dar es Salaam, which he earned in 1974.

He was assistant private secretary to the president from 1982 to 1992 and clerk to the cabinet from 1996 to 2000. He was elected as a Member of Parliament for Mpanda East constituency in the 2000 general election, and he also became Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Office for Regional Administration and Local Governments in 2000. He was promoted to the rank of Minister in the Prime Minister's Office, while remaining in charge of regional administration and local governments, in the Cabinet named on January 4, 2006.

Pinda was nominated as Prime Minister by President Jakaya Kikwete on February 8, 2008, after the resignation of Edward Lowassa over allegations of corruption. He was confirmed nearly unanimously by the Tanzanian parliament on the same day, with 279 votes in favor, two opposed, and one spoiled vote. Pinda was sworn in as Prime Minister at Chamwino State House in Dodoma on February 9. Kikwete announced the new Cabinet headed by Pinda on February 12; it was notably smaller than the previous Cabinet, with 26 ministers, as opposed to 29 in the previous Cabinet, and 21 deputy ministers, as opposed to 31 in the previous Cabinet.

Amidst criticism and international concern about high levels of corruption in Tanzania, Pinda declared his assets on January 14, 2010. He said that he had "three small houses [and] no shares in any company", and that in his bank accounts he kept less than $20,000. Pinda also stated that his only car was "the one loaned to me as a Member of Parliament".

On November 27, 2014, Pinda was pressured to resign over alleged fraudulent payments worth $120 million (£76m) to an energy firm and top officials.

In 2015, he unsuccessfully sought to be nominated as the CCM's presidential candidate. He announced in July 2015 that he would not seek re-election as MP for Katavi.

He is the current chancellor of the Open University of Tanzania (OUT) since 2016, appointed by President John Magufuli.

References

1948 births
Living people
People from Rukwa Region
Chama Cha Mapinduzi MPs
Tanzanian MPs 2000–2005
Tanzanian MPs 2005–2010
Tanzanian MPs 2010–2015
Prime Ministers of Tanzania
Pugu Secondary School alumni
Musoma Secondary School alumni
University of Dar es Salaam alumni
Tanzanian Roman Catholics
Tanzanian farmers
20th-century farmers


Alpharts Tod (The Death of Alphart) is an anonymous late medieval Middle High German poem in the poetic cycle of the hero Dietrich von Bern, the counterpart of the historical Ostrogothic king Theodoric the Great in Germanic heroic legend. It is part of the so-called "historical" Dietrich material. It may have written as early as between 1245 and 1300, but it is only transmitted in a single manuscript from around 1470 or 1480. The place of composition is unknown.

Alpharts Tod concerns the young hero Alphart, one of Dietrich's heroes and the nephew of Hildebrand, at the start of a war between Dietrich and his uncle Ermenrich. Alphart insists on riding out alone, and while he is brave and a powerful warrior, he eventually encounters Witege and Heime, two traitors who have switched sides to Ermenrich. They kill him in a dishonorable fashion; Ermenrich, meanwhile, fails to defeat Dietrich.

Summary

The beginning of the epic is missing. Emperor Emenrich tells Heime to bring Ermenrich's declaration of war to Dietrich. Heime rides to Bern (Verona) to declare war, but is unable to explain the reason for Ermenrich's declaration when asked. Dietrich reminds Heime that the latter had once sworn an oath of loyalty to him. Heime declares that both he and his companion Witege will fight for Ermenrich, but will not attack Dietrich himself. Heime then brings Ermenrich Dietrich's response: Dietrich will fight. Ermenrich orders his men to scout around Bern. Heime attempts to convince Ermenrich to abandon his plan to drive Dietrich into exile, but to no avail.

Meanwhile, Dietrich has assembled his own army. Alphart, the brother of Dietrich's companion Wolfhart, recommends scouting out the enemy and volunteers to do it alone himself, ignoring attempts to convince him to let a more experienced warrior do it. His step mother Ute, wife of Hildebrand, gives him armor, weapons, and a horse. His young wife Amelgart begs him not to go or at least bring a companion, but Alphart insists on going alone. Hildebrand rides after him secretly in order to defeat Alphart and bring him back him, but Alphart defeats Hildebrand, and chooses to ride on. Hildebrand rides back to Bern and tells of his defeat.

Meanwhile, Alphart encounters Ermenrich's scouting troop of 80 men, killing all but eight who flee and tell Ermenrich. Ermenrich wishes to send a new scouting party, but no one will go. Finally, Ermenrich demands that Witege ride out. When Witege sees Alphart, however, he is filled with dread and nearly turns around before riding to Alphart. Alphart accuses Witege of treason and the two fight; Alphart is able to throw Witege to the ground where he lies unconscious. Alphart decides not to kill him as he is defenseless. Heime, however, has observed the battle and hurries to help Witege. There is a lacuna. Heime, Alphart, and Witege are now talking: Heime suggests breaking off the battle, so that he and Witege can return to Ermenrich and Alphart to Dietrich. Alphart refuses, however, insisting on taking Witege back to Bern as a prisoner. At this point, Witege and Heime both attack Alphart at once. Alphart only requests that they not attack him from behind. After a bit of fighting, he asks them only to attack him one at a time. They agree, but when Heime is nearly defeated Witege intervenes, attacking Alphart from behind, and Witege thereby kills Alphart.

There is another lacuna. Hildebrand and Dietrich's man Nitger have ridden to Breisach and are received by Eckehart, who agrees to help Dietrich against Ermenrich. He brings Walter of Aquitaine and other heroes with him. They form a large army and march to Italy. At night, Hildebrand encounters two of Ermenrich's warriors; this awakens the whole army, and they defeat Ermenrich's forces. When they arrive at Bern, however, they are mistaken for Ermenrich's forces. Wolfhart rides out to attack Hildebrand, but Hildebrand reveals his identity and the allied army is received well by Dietrich. Meanwhile, Ermenrich learns of the new army and sends his forces to try to prevent their arrival at Bern. In the ensuing battle, Dietrich seeks Witege and Heime, who have broken the heraldic devices from their shields and helmets so as not to be recognized. Ermenrich is defeated and Dietrich wins a lot of booty, and the allied army returns to Breisach.

Transmission, dating, and composition
Like almost all German heroic poems, Alpharts Tod is anonymous. In its current incomplete form, the poem has 469 stanzas of 4 lines. The poem is usually dated to the second half of the thirteenth century, but its style suggests that it may be a newer version of an older poem. This older poem was most likely composed after Dietrichs Flucht. It is impossible to tell where the text was composed, however it is possible that it was composed in the western part of Austria.

Alpharts Tod is transmitted in a single paper manuscript from the fifteenth century that was split into three parts in the eighteenth century. The part containing Alpharts Tod contains a number of lacunae, meaning that only 3/4 of the work is preserved. The three parts of the manuscript are now housed in three different libraries:
Staatsbibliothek Berlin, Ms. germ. 2° 856: "Alpharts Tod"
Hessische Landes- und Hochschulbibliothek Darmstadt, Hs. 4257: Nibelungenlied, version n
Hessische Landes- und Hochschulbibliothek Darmstadt, Hs. 4314: Johann von Würzburg "Wilhelm von Österreich"

Most likely, another text proceeded Alpharts Tod in the manuscript. The copy of the Nibelungenlied in the manuscript is marked as having been written in 1449, but the watermarks on the paper indicate that the manuscript is from 1470/80.

Themes
Alpharts Tod is often read as a poem about youthful stupidity regarding heroism: the young Alphart, though brave, strong, and courteous, ignores all advice in order to prove his heroism and dies as a result. Moreover, Alphart is presented with multiple opportunities to save himself, yet each time he refuses. However, Heinzle notes that Alphart's behavior is never condemned, in contrast to his weak and cowardly opponents Witege and Heime: rather, it seems to glorify in his heroic aristeia and grow sentimental at his loss. Werner Hoffmann shares a similar opinion: the poem presents a genuine representation of the old heroic ethos, although its moral code of battle (only one may fight against one at a time, etc.) is certainly derived from ideas of chivalry. The combination of death in battle with glory, on the other hand, is clearly a heroic ideal.

Witege and Heime are directly contrasted with Alphart: whereas Alphart spares the unconscious Witege, the latter stabs him in the back and kills him once he is defenseless. Witege and Heime's scruples about breaking the rules that Alphart sets out shows them to acknowledge their validity. The narrator is explicit that Witege's actions have broken "God's law." Hoffmann argues that Alphart represents a "purer" heroic and chivalric ethos of battle that is contrasted with the more "modern" ethos of Witege and Heime and that should serve as an example and lament for the poet's own day. The two opponents nevertheless are not described as pure evil, but are rather given a subtle characterization, with their conflict of loyalty between Ermenrich and Dietrich specifically mentioned. Heinzle suggests that the audience may have any easier time identifying with Witege and Heime, who are willing to compromise and reconcile, than with Alphart. Elisabeth Lienert suggests that Hildebrand personifies a more pragmatic form of heroism that is less self-destruction than Alphart's, and is thus more of a model for behavior.

The poem offers a sort of alternative to the events described in Dietrichs Flucht: instead of Ermenrich inviting Dietrich to visit him with the intent to kill him, Ermenrich openly declares war. And instead of succeeding in driving Dietrich into exile, Ermenrich fails. The poem maintains the themes of the relationship between lord and vassal found in Dietrichs Flucht and the Rabenschlacht, but Dietrich is portrayed as experienced and successful. His enemies nevertheless escape, leaving the text open for further episodes.

Metrical form
Like most German heroic poems, Alpharts Tod is written in stanzas that were meant to be sung and accompanied by music. It uses "Langzeilen" in the same stanza form as the Nibelungenlied, however some stanzas are more similar to the "Hildebrandston." This could be deliberate, or the result of later reworking of the text. Heinzle prints the following stanza as in the Nibelungen stanza, in which the first three lines consist of three metrical feet, a caesura, then three additional metrical feet, the fourth line adding a fourth foot after the caesura:

Des antwort jm geswinde || der herzoch Wolffing zu hant
"da habe ich von dem keyser || güt vnd lant,
jch han den solt entphangen, || das lechte golt so rot,
wan er myr gebüdet, || so müß ich ryden in dye not."

The basic rhyme scheme is: AABB. In every third stanza or so, rhymes also occur at the caesura in the first two lines:
A||B
A||B
X||C
X||C

The following stanza is given as an example of the "Hildebrandston", in which the fourth half line after the caesura is the same length as the other half lines:

Also der lyechte morgen || an den hymel kam,
da stont vff myt sorgen || der forst lobesam,
der degen küne, || als jne dye sorge betzwang.
wan jm dye helde kemen, || dye wile was jm lang.

Relation to the oral tradition
Alpharts Tod is usually not seen as having existed previously in the oral tradition. Alphart's encounter with Witege, as recounted in the poem, is referenced in a fifteenth-century version of the Rosengarten zu Worms, however, Heinzle notes that this does not mean that story is very old. Further evidence for an absence of oral tales about Alphart is found in the fact that Alphart does not appear in the Thidrekssaga. More likely, the poem was inspired by the death of the hero Alphart in Dietrichs Flucht, where he is said to have died twice.

The poem nevertheless makes numerous allusions to other Dietrich poems and stories about Dietrich. For instance, the poem mentions Dietrich and Heime's liberation from Montare, which could refer to the Muter episode in the Virginal and is similar to an episode recorded in the Old English Waldere. It might also reference Dietrich's defeat of Heime before the latter joined Dietrich's service, which is recorded in the Thidrekssaga. The poem is notable in that it is the only "historical" Dietrich poem that does not result in Dietrich entering exile: it also shows an attempt to connect various Dietrich poems into a cycle.

Notes

Editions

References

External links

Facsimiles
 Staatsbibliothek Berlin, Ms. germ. 2° 85 (Sole surviving manuscript)

Dietrich von Bern cycle
German heroic legends
Middle High German literature
German literature of the Late Middle Ages


Colorado's Copper Triangle is a cycling route for road cyclists.  The route begins at Copper Mountain, Colorado, and follows State Highway 91 south to US Highway 24, just before reaching Leadville, Colorado.  Heading north on 24, the route continues on to Interstate 70 and after passing Minturn, Colorado, follows a bicycle path back to Copper Mountain along the interstate.  The route may be started at any point on the circuit, though parking might be easier to come by in the Copper Mountain area.  This circuit covers approximately  of road and four mountain passes: Fremont Pass, Tennessee Pass, Battle Mountain Pass and Vail Pass. The route and elevation profile can no longer be seen here.  The total elevation climb during the circuit is approximately .  Three mountain ranges are passed through, Tenmile, Gore and Sawatch, and the route travels past the historic Camp Hale, used by the United States Army, 10th Mountain Division, to train soldiers during World War II.

The Copper Triangle is a popular route for bicycling enthusiasts, and hosts the annual Colorado Cyclist Copper Triangle cycling event.  This event is a benefit ride that supports the Davis Phinney Foundation.  This foundation was created by namesake, Davis Phinney, a former professional road bicycle racer after having been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease at the age of 40. The Davis Phinney Foundation supports medical research to improve the lives of those with Parkinson's.  The Colorado Cyclist Copper Triangle event is sponsored by Saab, Crocs, Copper Mountain Ski Resort, The Village at Copper and numerous others, while the title sponsor is Colorado Cyclist.  Colorado Cyclist is one of the largest bicycle and bicycle accessory retailers in the United States and is located in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

References

Copper Mountain Road Biking
Colorado Cyclist Copper Triangle
Route and elevation profile

Bike paths in Colorado
Transportation in Eagle County, Colorado
Transportation in Lake County, Colorado
Transportation in Summit County, Colorado
Tourist attractions in Eagle County, Colorado
Tourist attractions in Lake County, Colorado
Tourist attractions in Summit County, Colorado


The Narayanhiti Palace Museum (Nepali: नारायणहिटी दरवार) is a public museum in Kathmandu, Nepal located east of the Kaiser Mahal and next to Thamel. The museum was created in 2008 from the complex of the former Narayanhiti Palace (or Narayanhiti Durbar) following the 2006 revolution. Before the revolution, the palace was the residence and principal workplace of the monarch of the Kingdom of Nepal, and hosted occasions of state.

The existing palace complex was built by King Mahendra in 1963, and incorporates an impressive array of courtyards, gardens and buildings.

Etymology
The name, ''Narayanhiti'' is made up of two words 'Narayana' and 'Hiti'. Narayan is the Hindu god Vishnu, whose temple is opposite the palace. Hiti means "water spout" in Newar Language, which is to the east of the main entrance in the precincts of the palace, a landmark that features prominently in local legends.

History

Early residences
Ownership of the palace site changed multiple times prior to being occupied by the monarchy.  Prime Minister Fateh Jung Shah; his father, Choutaria Pran Shah, also lived on the property. Fateh was killed in the Kot massacre on 19 September 1846 and his family was killed or exiled from Kathmandu. General Shree Prime Minister Chautariya Puskhar Shah and his family also lived in the area. The area was basically reserved for Chautariya families.

The property and palace was taken over by Colonel Ranodip Singh Kunwar, the brother of Jung Bahadur Rana, who moved into Choutaria's residence after minor renovations. After Ranodip became prime minister in 1877, the complex was renovated and expanded into a lavish multi-wing palace. Ranodip was assassinated during the coup d'état on 22 November 1885 in the palace's southern wing.

Royal residence
Bir Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana succeeded Ranodip as Prime Minister and took over the palace. In 1886, Bir Shumsher ordered the old palace demolished, and a new one constructed by architect Jogbir Sthapit as a residence for King Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah, his son-in-law. This moved the royal residence from Hanuman Dhoka Durbar to Narayanhiti.

The palace was damaged in the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, killing two infant daughters of King Tribhuvan. Colonel Surya Jung Thapa, an engineer, oversaw repairs and renovations which added a new portico and grand staircase.

King Mahendra ordered the palace to be demolished and replaced in 1963. The new palace was designed by American architect Benjamin Polk, who was living in India. Nepalese architecture styles were used to create a national symbol. Construction ended in 1969. Griha Pravesh (a housewarming party) was performed on 27 February 1970 for the wedding of Crown Prince Birendra.

Mahendra declared the palace as king office and property of  the Government of Nepal in 1972 . He claimed that the property was the dowry of Queen Divyeshwari, his paternal grandmother.

On 1 June 2001, the Crown Prince Dipendra murdered multiple members of the royal family in the palace before committing suicide. Among those killed were King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya.

Revolution and reuse as a museum
The Nepalese monarchy was abolished following the 2006 revolution. The last king, Gyanendra, vacated Narayanhiti on 11 June 2008. The former palace was used to house the new Narayanhiti Palace Museum. The royal crown jewels were put on display in October 2018.

Grounds

Design and layout
The current Palace was ordered to be renovated by King Mahendra under the design of American architect Benjamin Polk.

Gates and boundary walls

Courtyards and fountains

Military Barack

Helipads

Garage

Mahendra Manzil
Mahendra Manzil is the place of King Mahendra Bir Birkram Shah, the son of King Tribhuwan Bir Bikram Shah.

Hindu Temple Spire
This is the iconic central tower that rises above the palace in the front. The tower is an extension of the Hindu temple beneath it.

Garuda
The Garuda outside Narayan Mandir in the palace premises is thought to be from Licchavi Period of Nepal.

Interior
The Palace stands on the floorspace 3,794 m2 (40838.28 sq ft) and is divided into three parts, the guest wing, the state wing and the private wing. Narayanhiti Palace has 52 rooms called sadan and are named after 75 Districts of Nepal. Interior of the palace is based on Late Victorian style.

Reception Hall
Reception Hall of Narayanhiti palace is named after Kaski District as Kaski Sadan. The hall is decorated with two full size taxidermy Bengal tiger in charging posture hunted by King Mahendra and King Birendra along with life-size portraits of the Shah Monarchs throughout the stairs by artist Amar Chitrakar. Gaurishankar Gate opens to Kaski Sadan and it is in Kaski Sadan where Shah Monarchs of Nepal gave audience to politicians and perform oath ceremony of Prime Minister and heads of constitutional bodies for Kingdom of Nepal.

Throne room
The throne room Gorkha Baithak is the center of the palace. It is right above Kaski Baithak. Construction of Gorkha Baithak is based on Hindu temple architect style with a 48 feet Chandelier hanging on a 60 feet high Pagoda style ceiling standing on four concrete columns representing Nāga and decorated with Hindu guardian demigods the Astha Matrikas and Ashta Bhairava. It is under this high ceiling that the Throne of the Kingdom of Nepal was placed. It is the room where the monarch, on special occasions, issued royal Royal Proclamations. To the right of the Gorkha Baithak is Dolpa Sadan, used as the room from where people (including members of the royal family) could secretly view the proceedings of the Gorkha Baithak through a one-way viewing mirror.

Court ceremonies
 of the Narayanhiti durbar was where the king used to award decorations. It was used for  and  during  by the royal family and for high level government and military officials.

See also
Rana palaces of Nepal
Madan Puraskar Pustakalaya
Jagadamba Kumari Devi

References

Rana palaces of Nepal
Museums in Kathmandu
Palaces in Kathmandu
Royal residences in Nepal
1963 establishments in Nepal
Newa architecture


Gilbert Martineau (1918 – 23 August 1995, in La Rochelle) was a French naval officer, author of books on Napoleon and his family, honorary consul, and curator 1956-1987 of the French properties on St Helena, where Napoleon had been in exile .

History
An anglophile, he  was living in London when war broke out in 1939, and he joined the Free French in 1940. His wartime service included a period on a British submarine, and service in Mauritania.  On demobilization in 1945 he joined the French Naval Reserve, and was called back into the service in 1954-1955.  After the war he worked as Director of Publications for Nagel.

In 1956 he decided to take up an appointment on the remote British Island of St Helena as honorary consul and curator of the French properties, a position which he held until 1987. He continued to live at Longwood House for the rest of his life. As well as devoting himself to the restoration of the properties, he was also a prolific author.  He died in La Rochelle in 1995.

Works
Napoléon à Sainte-Hélène - Tallandier, Paris -  Prix Marie-Eugène Simon-Henri-Martin  bestowed by the Académie française
La Vie Quotidienne À Sainte-Hélène Au Temps De Napoléon - translated as Napoleon's St. Helena (John Murray, 1968) by Frances Partridge
Napoléon se Rend Aux Anglais - Hachette, Paris. Prix du Cercle de l'Union - translated as Napoleon Surrenders (John Murray, 1971) by Frances Partridge
Napoléon et l'Empire - ouvrage collectif, Hachette
 Sainte-Hélène - éditions Rencontre, Lausanne
Le Retour des Cendres - translated as  Napoleon's Last Journey (John Murray, 1976) by Frances Partridge
Madame Mere - éditions France-Empire, Paris - translated as Madame Mere: Napoleon’s Mother (John Murray, 1978) by Frances Partridge
Le Roi de Rome - édition France-Empire
 Marie-Louise, Impératrice des Français - édition France-Empire
L’Entente Cordiale - édition France-Empire
Pauline Bonaparte, Princesse Borghese - édition France-Empire
Lord Byron. La Malédiction Du Génie - Tallandier
Lucien Bonaparte, Prince De Canino - édition France-Empire
Caroline Bonaparte, Princesse Murat, Reine de Naples - édition France-Empire

Further reading
Jean-Paul Kauffmann, The Dark Room at Longwood A Voyage to St Helena. London: The Harvill Press. 2000

External links
 Gilbert Martineau on France Inter
 Gilbert Martineau on the site of the Académie française
 Gilbert MARTINEAU on the site of éditions Taillandier

20th-century French non-fiction writers
1918 births
1995 deaths
French expatriates in the United Kingdom


Mauricio Navarro (born April 7, 1966) is a Canadian soccer referee. Navarro was born in Chile but later moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and became a Canadian citizen.  He attained his FIFA badge in 2000 and went on to become one of Canada's most successful referees before retiring and the end of 2011, having reached the mandatory retirement age.

Career

After just one year on the FIFA list, Navarro was appointed to the 2001 Copa America, hosted in Colombia.  He officiated just one match, the Group C opener between Bolivia and Uruguay, which Bolivia won 1-0.  Navarro later described this match as one of the most difficult of his career.

Navarro's next major appointment was to the 2003 Gold Cup, where he officiated three matches, one in the group stage, a Quarter-final, and then the Final.

2003 Gold Cup Final
At his retirement, Navarro describes the 2003 Gold Cup final between Mexico, and reigning World Champions Brazil, as the pinnacle of his career.  He had officiated both teams already in the tournament; Brazil in the Group Stage and Mexico in the Quarter-finals.

In 2007, Navarro was appointed to the Gold Cup, where he refereed the Group Stage match between Panama and Honduras and the Quarter-Final match between Honduras and Guadeloupe. The same year he was selected to work the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup, which was hosted in Canada.  Unfortunately, due to injury he did not referee any matches, instead only acting as a 4th Official

2008 CONCACAF Champions Cup Final
Navarro was selected, along with Canadian Assistant Referees Hector Vergara and Joe Fletcher to officiate the decisive second leg of the 2008 CONCACAF Champions Cup.  For Navarro, this came after three successive semi-final appointments in the past three years of the tournament. This was the final match ever of the tournament, as beginning the following season it was replaced with the current CONCACAF Champions League.

Final International Match
Navarro's final international appointment came on November 15, 2011 when he officiated the reigning World Champions Spain and Costa Rica.  The initial plan was for Hector Vergara to work the match too, so the friends Navarro and Vergara could officiate their final match together, but Vergara had work commitments and was unable to accept the game.

International Competitions Officiated
2014 FIFA World Cup Qualification
CONCACAF Champions League
2010 FIFA World Cup Qualification
CONCACAF Champions Cup
2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup
2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup
2006 FIFA World Cup Qualification
2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup
2003 CONCACAF Gold Cup
2002 FIFA World Cup Qualification
2001 Copa America

Personal life
Navarro was born in Chile. He later moved to Canada, and has two daughters.

References

Canadian soccer referees
Chilean emigrants to Canada
Naturalized citizens of Canada
1966 births
Living people
Copa América referees
CONCACAF Gold Cup referees
CONCACAF Champions Cup referees
Major League Soccer referees


Withycombe is a village, civil parish, and former manor  south east of Dunster, and  from Minehead within the Exmoor National Park in the Somerset West and Taunton district of Somerset, England. The parish includes the village of Rodhuish. The manor house of the manor of Withycombe survives as Sandhill Farm.

History

The Domesday Book of 1086 lists Withycombe as one of the possessions of Geoffrey de Montbray, Bishop of Coutances, whose tenant there was Edmer. His heir was Robert Mowbray, who forfeited his estates to the crown for rebelling against William II, who regranted many of the Somerset estates to the Mohun family, henceforth feudal barons of Dunster.

The manor of Withycombe was centred on the village. In about 1212 the manor was split into two separate sub-manors, which took various names over time, dependent on the family name of their lords. By the 16th century the names of the two manors were "Withycombe Wyke" (or Weeke, etc.) and "Withycombe Hadley". The former manor house of Withycombe Hadley survives as Court Place in the village of Withycombe.

The Hadley family inherited the manor of Withycombe by marriage to the heiress of the Durborough family. The manor passed to the Lutterell family when Margaret Hadley married Thomas Luttrell in 1560. At some time before 1777 John Fownes Luttrell acquired the other sub-manor of Withycombe Weke, and thus the manor of Withycombe was unified to its pre-1212 position.

On Rodhuish Common, within the parish, is a univallate Iron Age hill fort.

Withycombe was part of the hundred of Carhampton.

Governance

The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.

The village falls within the non-metropolitan district of Somerset West and Taunton, which was established on 1 April 2019. It was previously in the district of West Somerset, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, and part of Williton Rural District before that. The district council is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism.

Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.

It is also part of the Bridgwater and West Somerset constituency county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Religious sites

The Church of St Nicholas dates from the 13th century and has been designated by English Heritage as a grade I listed building. Hidden in a wall recess is a figure of an unknown man with long hair and a hat, which is one of the earliest church monuments to include a hat. He is carrying a heartcase to show he died elsewhere and only his heart was brought to the church for burial.

The Church of St Bartholomew, Rodhuish was built in the 15th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

References

External links

Exmoor
Civil parishes in Somerset
Villages in West Somerset
Former manors in Somerset


Halter v. Nebraska, 205 U.S. 34 (1907), was a United States Supreme Court case involving a Nebraska statute that prevented and punished desecration of the flag of the United States and prohibited the sale of articles upon which there is a representation of the flag for advertising purposes. The court held that the statute was not unconstitutional either as depriving the owner of such articles of his property without due process of law, or as denying him the equal protection of the laws because of the exception from the operation of the statute of newspapers, periodicals, or books upon which the flag may be represented if disconnected from any advertisement.

A long established, adhered to principle of constitutional construction prevents a judicial tribunal from holding a legislative enactment, federal or state, unconstitutional and void unless it is manifestly so.

Except as restrained by its own fundamental law or by the supreme law of the land, a state possesses all legislative power consistent with a republican form of government, and it may by legislation provide not only for the health, morals and safety of its people, but for the common good as involved in their wellbeing, peace, happiness and prosperity.

There are matters which, by congressional legislation, may be brought within the exclusive control of the national government but over which, in the absence of such legislation, the state may exert some control in the interest of its own people, and although the national flag of the United States is the emblem of national sovereignty and a congressional enactment in regard to its use might supersede state legislation in regard thereto, until Congress does act, a state has power to prohibit the use of the national flag for advertising purposes within its jurisdiction.

The privileges of citizenship and the rights inhering in personal liberty are subject in their enjoyment to such reasonable restraints as may be required for the public good, and no one has a right of property to use the nation's emblem for individual purposes.

A state may consistently make a classification among its people based on some reasonable ground which bears a just and proper relation to the classification and is not arbitrary.

References

United States Supreme Court cases
1907 in United States case law
Legal history of Nebraska
Flag controversies in the United States
United States Supreme Court cases of the Fuller Court


The Hawaiian flagtails are species of the genus of flagtail fishes found in the Hawaiian Islands.
Two species are Kuhlia sandvicensis and  K. xenura. K. xenura is endemic to the islands.

In the Hawaiian language, āholehole refers to the young stage, and āhole the mature fish. It was sometimes called puaa kai, literally "sea pig".
Keahole Point and the Kona International Airport located there are named for the fish. Wai`ahole Valley on O`ahu is named after the fish as well, where the ocean and the Wai'ahole River meet there are many fish there.

References

Fish of Hawaii
Kuhliidae
Endemic fauna of Hawaii
Fish common names


The Sahalee Players Championship is an annual amateur golf tournament. It has been played since 1992 at the Sahalee Country Club in Sammamish, Washington. The event will not be played from 2020 to 2022 and will return in 2023 as a collegiate event.

Winners

2020 Canceled
2019 Joe Highsmith
2018 Cole Madey
2017 Sahith Theegala
2016 No tournament – hosted 2016 Women's PGA Championship
2015 Corey Pereira
2014 Mark Anguiano
2013 Andrew Yun
2012 Kevin Penner
2011 Chris Williams
2010 Peter Uihlein
2009 Nick Taylor
2008 Trent Whitekiller
2007 Daniel Summerhays
2006 Kyle Stanley
2005 Travis Bertoni
2004 Ryan Moore
2003 Brien Davis
2002 No tournament – hosted 2002 WGC-NEC Invitational
2001 Jason Hartwick
2000 Ryan Lavoie
1999 Michael Harris
1998 No tournament – hosted 1998 PGA Championship
1997 Arron Oberholser
1996 Jason Gore
1995 David Lebeck
1994 Chris Stutts
1993 Casey Martin
1992 Doug Duchateau

References

External links
Official site
List of winners
Sahalee Country Club

Amateur golf tournaments in the United States
Golf in Washington (state)
Sammamish, Washington
Recurring sporting events established in 1992
1992 establishments in Washington (state)


The 1954 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina were held on November 2, 1954 to select six Representatives for two-year terms from the state of South Carolina.  The primary elections were held on July 13.  All six incumbents were re-elected and the composition of the state delegation remained solely Democratic.

1st congressional district
Incumbent Democratic Congressman L. Mendel Rivers of the 1st congressional district, in office since 1941, defeated Republican challenger Mrs. John E. Messervy.

General election results

|-
|
| colspan=5 |Democratic hold
|-

2nd congressional district
Incumbent Democratic Congressman John J. Riley of the 2nd congressional district, in office since 1951, defeated Republican challenger I.S. Leevy.

General election results

|-
|
| colspan=5 |Democratic hold
|-

3rd congressional district
Incumbent Democratic Congressman William Jennings Bryan Dorn of the 3rd congressional district, in office since 1951, defeated Republican challenger C.M. Smith.

General election results

|-
|
| colspan=5 |Democratic hold
|-

4th congressional district
Incumbent Democratic Congressman Robert T. Ashmore of the 4th congressional district, in office since 1953, defeated Republican challenger Lena Bellotte.

Democratic primary

General election results

|-
|
| colspan=5 |Democratic hold
|-

5th congressional district
Incumbent Democratic Congressman James P. Richards of the 5th congressional district, in office since 1933, defeated Wade S. Weatherford in the Democratic primary and was unopposed in the general election.

Democratic primary

General election results

|-
|
| colspan=5 |Democratic hold
|-

6th congressional district
Incumbent Democratic Congressman John L. McMillan of the 6th congressional district, in office since 1939, defeated Republican challenger Vernon Johnson.

General election results

|-
|
| colspan=5 |Democratic hold
|-

See also
United States House of Representatives elections, 1954
United States Senate election in South Carolina, 1954
South Carolina gubernatorial election, 1954
South Carolina's congressional districts

References

South Carolina
United States House of Representatives
1954


Temporalities or temporal goods are the secular properties and possessions of the church. The term is most often used to describe those properties (a Stift in German or sticht in Dutch) that were used to support a bishop or other religious person or establishment. Its opposite are spiritualities.

History
In the Middle Ages, the temporalities were usually those lands that were held by a bishop and used to support him. After the Investiture Crisis was resolved, the temporalities of a diocese were usually granted to the bishop by the secular ruler after the bishop was consecrated.

If a bishop within the Holy Roman Empire had gained secular overlordship to his temporalities imperially recognised as an imperial state, then the temporalities were usually called a Hochstift, or an Erzstift (for an archbishop). Sometimes, this granting of the temporalities could take some time. Other times, a bishop-elect gained his temporalities even before or without his papal confirmation by an imperial act called "liege indult" (Lehnsindult). The temporalities were often confiscated by secular rulers to punish bishops.

See also

 Post-medieval parish temporalities in England

References

Catholic Church and finance
Catholic canon law of property


The Estonian Actuarial Society () is the association of actuaries in Estonia. The Society was established on 5 January 1999. It is a full member of the International Actuarial Association and the Groupe Consultatif. As of 2004, the Society has 23 members, 7 of them fully qualified.

Chairmen
 2005-2008 Jaanus Sibul
 2008-2011 Marika Guralnik

References

External links

Actuarial associations
Organizations based in Estonia


The 1930 Bromley by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 2 September 1930 for the British House of Commons constituency of Bromley in north-west Kent.

Vacancy
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), the Honourable Cuthbert James, died on 21 July 1930, aged 58. He had held the seat since winning a by-election in December 1919.

Electoral history

Candidates
The Conservative candidate was Edward Campbell, a 51-year-old former diplomat. Campbell had been Member of Parliament for Camberwell North West from 1924 until his defeat in 1929.

The Liberal Party ran 27 year-old Wilfred Gurney Fordham of Mill Vale, Bromley. Fordham was a barrister, called by the Inner Temple in 1929. He was educated at St George's School, Harpenden, and Magdalene College, Cambridge. He had been the Liberal candidate here at the 1929 general election.

The Labour candidate was Albert Edwin Ashworth, who had also stood in 1929 and had come last of three.

The fourth candidate, V.C. Redwood, stood for the United Empire Party, which sought to make the British Empire a free trade bloc. This party was the creature of Lord Beaverbrook and Lord Rothermere, respectively proprietors of the Daily Express and Daily Mail.

The Empire Crusade and their newspapers had been pressing the leader of the Conservative Party, Stanley Baldwin, to adopt a more protectionist position. Their newspapers and platform were much more popular with the middle-class, commuter towns, in the Home Counties and London suburbs than elsewhere, and in safe Conservative seats; Bromley fitted these criteria perfectly.

Result
On a much-reduced turnout, Campbell held the seat for the Conservatives with a majority of 1,606 votes. Redwood came third with 24.1% of the votes, a setback for the Empire Crusade which also failed to win the Westminster St George's by-election the following March. Ironically for a campaign that sought to turn the Conservative Party to the right, the split vote almost allowed a Liberal victory. Fordham came second with 11,176 votes.

Aftermath
Following the formation of the National Government, the Liberals in chose not to run a candidate at the 1931 general election, Campbell would hold the seat with a majority over Labour of over 37,000 (67%). The United Empire Party by this time had become defunct. Campbell would serve until his death in office in 1945. Fordham did not contest another parliamentary election for 29 years when he ran as the Labour Party candidate at Wycombe

See also
 Bromley (UK Parliament constituency)
 Bromley
 List of United Kingdom by-elections

References

Bromley by-election
Bromley by-election
Bromley,1930
Bromley,1930
Bromley,1930
1930s in Kent
Bromley by-election


Art Smith may refer to:

Art Smith (actor) (1899–1973), film and television supporting actor
Art Smith (baseball) (1906–1995), American pitcher
Art Smith (chef) (born 1960), personal chef to Oprah Winfrey and cookbook author
Art Smith (ice hockey, born 1906) (1906–1962), National Hockey League player with Toronto and Ottawa
Art Smith (ice hockey, fl. 1952–1956)
Art Smith (jeweler) (1917–1982), Cuban-American modernist jeweler
Art Smith (pilot) (1890–1926), American pilot
Art Smith (American football) (1915–2010), American football and basketball coach
Art Smith, American football player for the 2007 Arizona Rattlers
Art Smith, character in Action

See also
Arthur Smith (disambiguation)


Cansfield High School is a coeducational secondary school located in the Ashton-in-Makerfield area of the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England.

History
Ashton Central School was founded in the early 20th century on Cansfield Grove, which is the current location of Cansfield High School. The Central School was divided into a girls' school and a boys' school. At the same time Ashton Grammar School was located to the north of this, bounded by Old Road, Whitledge Green and Wigan Road. A small brook (Jack Brook) divided the two schools (Central and Grammar) from each other. This brook has since been buried in a culvert under the school field. An O.S. map of 1906 shows the Grammar School, but the Central School had not yet been built.
During the 1960s the  Grammar School was relocated to the site currently occupied by Byrchall High School. The former buildings of the Grammar School and those of the Central School were amalgamated to form Ashton Secondary School. Until 1974 the school was part of District 13 of the Lancashire County Council, transferring in April of that year to the newly created Wigan Metropolitan Borough with the implementation of the Local Government Act (1972). These changes brought into being Cansfield High School, a comprehensive school, under the headship of Mr C. A. Brand. New building at this time saw the school site partly occupied by Ashton Leisure Centre, a situation that persists to this day. Cansfield High School itself originally consisted of two parts, the current location on Cansfield Grove, and a second location situated opposite Whitledge Green. Many of the original buildings on both sites were made of wood, much of which had been constructed in the inter-war period. They had been added to by the concrete framed Horsa huts built for the raising of the school leaving age in 1944 and some demountables. In the period from the 1970s up to 1990, the school was organised by having 1st to 3rd year students situated in the north campus (Whitledge Green end), whilst the 4th and final year students were situated in the  buildings on Cansfield Grove.
A large double storey classroom block was built in 1986-1988 at the Cansfield Grove end of the site, enabling the school to be collected into that area, and the wooden buildings were removed from the Cansfield Grove end of the site. The Whitledge Green end of the site was in use up to about 1989; it was then demolished and this part of the land was sold for housing. Further building work since 1990 has seen several new classroom blocks and a new canteen added to the Cansfield Grove end of the site, together with the final eradication of the Horsa huts.

Past headmasters
 To 1974 : Mr S Price
 1974-1988: Mr C A Brand
 1988-1990: Acting headteachers Mr S Wall and Mr D Parfitt
 1990-1995: Mrs H G Gregory
 1995-2018: Mr M Southworth
 2018–Present: Dr. Geoff Baker

Uniform
Cansfield's uniform consists of a royal blue tailored blazer with a silver lion emblem on the left chest. The tie is royal blue with light blue and white stripes and the silver lion logo on the top of the tie, just below the knot. Students must wear a white shirt or blouse, with a black skirt or trousers. Black or white socks are to be worn. Students wear black shoes only.

References

External links

Ofsted report
BBC school performance tables

Secondary schools in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan
Community schools in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan
Ashton-in-Makerfield


Askari Mohammadian (, born 2 March 1963) is a retired Iranian freestyle wrestler. He won gold medals at the 1983 Asian Championships and 1986 Asian Games, placing second at the 1982 Asian Games, 1988 and 1992 Olympics, 1989 world and 1989 Asian Championships. His 1988 Olympic silver was the only medal for Iran at those Games.

He is the father of World bronze medalist Mohammad Hossein Mohammadian.

References

1963 births
Living people
Olympic wrestlers for Iran
Olympic silver medalists for Iran
Wrestlers at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Wrestlers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Iranian male sport wrestlers
Asian Games gold medalists for Iran
Asian Games silver medalists for Iran
Olympic medalists in wrestling
Asian Games medalists in wrestling
Wrestlers at the 1982 Asian Games
Wrestlers at the 1986 Asian Games
World Wrestling Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
People from Sari, Iran
Medalists at the 1982 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1986 Asian Games
Sportspeople from Sari, Iran
20th-century Iranian people
21st-century Iranian people


Dynamite Boy is the fourth studio album by pop punk band Dynamite Boy. Released 2004, it was also their last album before the band's three-year breakup from 2005 to 2008.

Track listing
"Suspended Animation"
"Satellite"
"Man of the Year"
"Photograph"
"Promise"
"Harmonic"
"Zap"
"Waiting for Erin"
"Sky's the Limit"
"Bring the Rock"
"Accepted"
"Long Since Forgotten"

References

2004 albums
Dynamite Boy albums
Fearless Records albums


The Begejci camp (Logor Begejci) was a detention camp established in September–October 1991 in Begejci near Zrenjanin, Serbia (then part of SFR Yugoslavia, then FRY) where Croatian prisoners of war and civilians were kept by Serbian authorities during the Croatian War of Independence. The detainees were mostly brought from Vukovar and some were later moved to other camps. At least three people are known to have died there. The camp was opened in the autumn of 1991, and held approximately 600 prisoners. The ICTY cited 260 detainees in its indictment against Slobodan Milošević.

In December 1991, approximately 300 prisoners were returned to Croatia as part of a prisoner exchange. Prisoners at the camp lived in stalls and were kept there without heat, until a visit by the International Red Cross resulted in some blankets being provided.

The Serbian reporter Danica Vučenić received the Zoran Mamula Award for journalism for her 2003 report on the camp.

References

External links
"Glave dole, ruke na leđa" - A documentary about the camp

Zrenjanin
Serbian war crimes in the Croatian War of Independence
Serbian concentration camps in the Yugoslav Wars


Bois-d'Amont () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Stephen Michael Payne,  is a British naval architect. He has worked on the designs of approximately 40 passenger ships for the Carnival Corporation, including the Cunard ocean liner . He is currently an independent maritime consultant and is an educational advocate for engineering careers.

Background and education
Stephen Michael Payne was born in London, England circa 1960. He was educated in the local council schools including the Catford Boys School, where two of its teachers would have a key role in shaping his career.
His interest in ocean liners began at age 5 when the BBC children’s television program Blue Peter featured a tour of the . He would later state that he was immediately captivated by the ship.  His interest in ships intensified during a 1969 family visit to the then new  in Southampton where he also observed the , on one of her last transatlantic crossings, arriving in port.  In 1972 the program’s magazine described the destruction by fire of the ex-Queen Elizabeth in Hong Kong harbor and ended with the statement “…nothing like her will ever be built again.” With encouragement from a Catford English teacher Payne wrote a letter of complaint to the program arguing that they were wrong, another ship to rival her would indeed be built and he would design it.  The program applauded his ambition but cautioned him not to be discouraged if it never happened.

When the time came for him to consider university studies however his career counselors discouraged Payne from any engineering career as it was then seen as having limited job prospects.  They advised him to instead study chemistry and he enrolled at Imperial College London.  After one year of study he met with his former physics teacher from Catford who agreed that Payne had been badly advised, and helped him obtain funding to transfer to the University of Southampton's Ship Science program. While there, he also enrolled in the University Royal Naval Unit (URNU) to experience how ships responded at sea. After graduating in 1984 with a B.Sc.(Hons) in ship science, he accepted a position at Marconi Radar. His role was to advise the company on aspects of ship motion and ship design.

Professional career
Payne began his work with Carnival Corporation in January 1985 when employed by Technical Marine Planning, Ltd, then a London-based consultancy firm under contract with Carnival for the design and construction supervision of its new ships. (By 1995 the firm was absorbed into Carnival and became its newbuild department.)

His first assignment was to assess stability of the MS Holiday.  He next became a member of the design team for the Carnival  ships which entered service starting in 1990. The last two Fantasy ships, Elation and Paradise, were equipped with ABB Azipod thrusters rather than traditional shaft drives, a development which influenced his later work. By 1995 he was a Senior Naval Architect and oversaw the construction of the first  ship.  His next major project was the design of Holland America Line's new flagship MS Rotterdam VI where he was project manager. Payne designed the new ship with twin funnels, a tribute to the 1959 SS Rotterdam V. Following completion of the Rotterdam, Payne was project manager for the  and the  ships.

In May 1998 Carnival acquired the Cunard Line, and Payne was given charge of designing the new ocean liner  (QM2) to replace the aging  as Cunard's transatlantic liner. Payne's design was heavily influenced by past Atlantic liners. "I have this philosophy that to get things right the first-time, you need to have an appreciation for history - of what has been done before." QM2 has a breakwater adopted from the  and split engine rooms to avoid having a single point of failure. "The bridge, the mast, and the funnel are all loosely based on the Queen Elizabeth 2 and I felt it particularly important to echo some of the similarities between that ship and this one to create the lineage progression."  On three occasions Carnival's board halted the project as they did not consider it commercially viable. Payne refined the design and instituted several innovations to justify the new liner's construction cost. He placed the new ship's public spaces near the water line. This allowed for a premium fare balcony, rather than porthole, cabins to be placed in the hull yet high enough to have a margin of protection from the sea conditions of the north Atlantic. Payne also created more revenue-producing interior space by removing one engine room from the initial design and instead using gas turbines at the base of the funnel. Podded propulsion, rather than shaft drives, was used to free up even more interior space and offered greater fuel efficiency and maneuverability. Spectacular public rooms, restricted to only first class passengers on the great twentieth century liners, were open to all passengers. QM2 was delivered to Cunard in December 2003, on time and under budget.

During the design phase of Queen Mary 2 Payne was appointed a member of a safety Innovation Group for the UK Maritime and Coastguard Agency. His next major project was to lead the design team for the Seabourn Cruise Line Odyssey-class ships which entered service starting in 2009. Carnival's later newbuild contracts would stipulate podded propulsion as they offered fuel savings and superior maneuverability compared to traditional shaft drives.  Payne would later state, "I have yet to meet a ship's master who is familiar with pods that doesn't prefer them to shafts, rudders and stern thrusters."

In 2010, Payne left Carnival and became a founding member of the consultancy PFJ-Maritime Consulting Ltd. As a maritime consultant Payne has been involved in shipping law, passenger vessel safety, future developments for shipping propulsion, He is also an industry consultant for the and emergence of Asian shipyards for ship building and refurbishment. Payne also consulted with the Ministry of Defense during the development of the s.

In 2021 Payne revealed the design of a new flagship to replace the royal yacht , which was decommissioned in 1997. When not in use by the royal family it would host diplomatic events and promote British trade. In November 2022 the UK government officially terminated the project.

Engineering advocacy
As a result of the media attention given to Queen Mary 2 and his role as lead designer, Payne received correspondence from students who asked about engineering careers.  They were encountering many of the same biases as he himself had received thirty years earlier:  that it was a profession in decline and without a promising future.  To help address this persistent attitude, Payne and some colleagues founded the Future Engineers initiative.  The program featured a specific engineering project and allowed students and their teachers visit the site and interact with the designers and engineers.

Payne also served as a governor of the Quilley School of prior to its merger with Crestwood College. In 2003 he was invited to deliver the MacMillan Memorial Lecture to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland. He chose the subject "Genesis of a Queen". He was a member of the Board of Trustees of the Webb Institute (Glen Cove, New York) from 2011 to 2020. Between 2012 and 2016 Payne was President of The National STEM Skills Passport.

In June 2021 Payne announced his support for the construction of a new National Flagship. Writing for an industry publication, Payne argued that with the retirement of Britannia, "the UK lost a highly effective ambassador for trade promotion and State diplomacy." A new yacht with British design, equipment and innovation "would be an international showcase for all things British Maritime." Payne however criticized the design released by Prime Minister Boris Johnson's office as "...akin to a 1950s Hull trawler" and "...not such a good idea for a global voyager crossing the Atlantic, Pacific, or even rounding the tip of Africa."

Awards and honors
In 2004, Payne was awarded the Civil Order of the British Empire (OBE) by Queen Elizabeth II for his service to the shipping industry. He also received professional and academic awards:
 2003, given a Gold Blue Peter badge for building the Queen Mary 2 thirty-two years after he complained to Blue Peter for saying that "nothing like her will ever be built again"
2006, granted a Special Achievement Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering
 2006, elected a Royal Designer for Industry (RDI) for engineering design.
 2006, received an honorary Merchant Navy Medal for services to cruise liner design (MNM).
 2007, he received an Honorary Doctorate of Science from the University of Southampton (HonPhD, Science).
 2007-2010, he served as President of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects (FRINA).
 2008, elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng).
 2009, elected an Honorary Fellow of the Institution of Engineering Designers (HonFIED).
 2010-2014, served as a Trustee of the Southampton Cultural Development Trust.
 2011, the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers awarded him the Vice Admiral Emory S. "Jerry" Land Medal (VADM) for Outstanding Accomplishment in the Marine Field.
 2015, awarded an Honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Winchester.
Payne is a Chartered Engineer (CEng) and a Freeman of the City of London.[Permanent Dead Link]

Bibliography

Grande Dame: Holland America Line and the S.S. Rotterdam   (1990)
MS Statendam: Continuing "A Tradition of Excellence" ASIN B000OLKCLC (1992)
RMS Queen Mary 2 Manual: An insight into the design, construction and operation of the world's largest ocean liner  (2014)
RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (1967-2008): Owners' workshop manual  (2017)

Forewords to:
The Liner - Retrospective & Renaissance  (2005)
Cunarder - Maritime Paintings  (2005)
The Grand Fleet 1914-19: the Royal Navy in the First World War  (2013)
175 Years of Cunard  (2015)
Ocean Liners - An Illustrated History  (2018)

References

External links
Future EngineersArchived on 6 October 2012. URL presently taken by a USA-based organization
Career Advice On Becoming A Naval Architect by Stephen Payne

Officers of the Order of the British Empire
British naval architects
People from Catford
Living people
Alumni of the University of Southampton
Alumni of the University of Winchester
Year of birth missing (living people)
Carnival Corporation & plc
Ships of the Cunard Line
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Royal Designers for Industry


Bois-de-Gand () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in Eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Boissia () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Athenwood and the Thomas W. Wood Studio are a pair of distinctive historic buildings at 39 and 41 Northfield Street in Montpelier, Vermont, United States.  The two Carpenter Gothic buildings were the home and studio of Thomas Waterman Wood (November 12, 1823 – April 14, 1903), an American painter and native of Montpelier.  The buildings, now private residences, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Description and history
Wood built the house in 1850–1851 when the area across the Winooski River from downtown Montpelier was part of the town of Berlin.  He named the house Athenwood for his wife, Minerva Robinson Wood. (Minerva was the Roman goddess of wisdom, and Athena was her Greek counterpart.) Located at 39 and 41 Northfield Street, the house and studio are now private residences.

The wooden house is built in the Carpenter Gothic style, a part of the Gothic Revival architectural movement of the 19th century. Wood designed the house, and was likely influenced by popular pattern books circulated by Alexander Jackson Davis and Andrew Jackson Downing. Living for a part of the year in Boston, Massachusetts, Wood built Athenwood as a summer home and workplace. The house was faced in shiplap siding, and the windows, eaves, and porches trimmed in cut wooden patterns like upended petals, running grape leaves, and ivy. Trained as a cabinetmaker, Wood may have carved the wood trim himself. A small balcony on the east side of the house, entered from the second floor, has elaborate Gothic balusters. In the current use as a private home, some of the original furnishings, including two small marble busts of Athena, remain in the parlor.

Later, about 1880, Wood built a separate studio building just northwest of the house. It too is built in the Carpenter Gothic style but includes influences of Italianate architecture. In February 1899 this part of Berlin was annexed becoming Montpelier's Ward Six.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Vermont

References

 Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration for the State of Vermont. Vermont: A guide to the Green Mountain State. Houghton Mifflin: 1937.
 Merrill, Perry H. Montpelier: The Capital City's History: 1780-1976. self-published: 1976.
 Census of Berlin side when this part of Berlin became Ward 6 of Montpelier, Vermont on February 1, 1899.  Available at Montpelier City Clerk's office and Berlin Town Clerk's office.

Gallery

External links

 http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/centralvermont/cv21.htm

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont
Carpenter Gothic architecture in Vermont
Carpenter Gothic houses in the United States
Houses in Washington County, Vermont
Buildings and structures in Montpelier, Vermont
National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Vermont


Bonlieu () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Spiritualities is a term, often used in the Middle Ages, that refers to the income sources of a diocese or other ecclesiastical establishment that came from tithes. It also referred to income that came from other religious sources, such as offerings from church services or ecclesiastical fines.

Under canon law, spiritualities were only allowed to the clergy.

In the 19th century, the spiritualities (or spirituals) were revenues connected with the spiritual duties and the cure of souls, and they consisted almost entirely of tithes, glebe lands, and houses.

See also
 Benefice
 Precarium
 Temporalities

References

Catholic Church organisation


Bonnaud () is a former commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val-Sonnette.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Former communes of Jura (department)


I is the third full-length studio album by Swedish rock band Nightingale. The album is a prequel to The Breathing Shadow story from the first two albums.

Track listing

Credits
Nightingale
 Dan Swanö - vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards, drums
 Dag Swanö - bass guitar, lead guitar, keyboards

References

Nightingale (band) albums
2000 albums


Robert E. Gerstung (August 6, 1915 – June 17, 1979) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

Biography
Gerstung joined the Army from his birth city of Chicago, Illinois, and by December 19, 1944, was serving as a technical sergeant in Company H, 313th Infantry Regiment, 79th Infantry Division. On that day, near Berg, Germany, he manned a machine gun in support of an infantry assault on the Siegfried Line. He remained at his gun despite intense enemy fire, even after all other men in his squad were killed or wounded. He crossed open terrain to retrieve more ammunition, commandeered another machine gun after his first was disabled by hostile fire, and, when the order came to withdraw, he remained behind to cover the infantry's retreat. Gerstung was wounded while trying to return to friendly lines, but managed to drag himself and his machine gun to safety. He recovered from his wounds and, on September 5, 1945, was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions.

Gerstung left the Army while still a technical sergeant. He died at age 63 and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington County, Virginia.

Medal of Honor citation
Technical Sergeant Gerstung's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
On 19 December 1944 he was ordered with his heavy machinegun squad to the support of an infantry company attacking the outer defense of the Siegfried Line near Berg, Germany. For 8 hours he maintained a position made almost untenable by the density of artillery and mortar fire concentrated upon it and the proximity of enemy troops who threw hand grenades into the emplacement. While all other members of his squad became casualties, he remained at his gun. When he ran out of ammunition, he fearlessly dashed across bullet-swept, open terrain to secure a new supply from a disabled friendly tank. A fierce barrage pierced the water jacket of his gun, but he continued to fire until the weapon overheated and jammed. Instead of withdrawing, he crawled 50 yards across coverless ground to another of his company's machineguns which had been silenced when its entire crew was killed. He continued to man this gun, giving support vitally needed by the infantry. At one time he came under direct fire from a hostile tank, which shot the glove from his hand with an armor-piercing shell but could not drive him from his position or stop his shooting. When the American forces were ordered to retire to their original positions, he remained at his gun, giving the only covering fire. Finally withdrawing, he cradled the heavy weapon in his left arm, slung a belt of ammunition over his shoulder, and walked to the rear, loosing small bursts at the enemy as he went. One hundred yards from safety, he was struck in the leg by a mortar shell; but, with a supreme effort, he crawled the remaining distance, dragging along the gun which had served him and his comrades so well. By his remarkable perseverance, indomitable courage, and heroic devotion to his task in the face of devastating fire, T/Sgt. Gerstung gave his fellow soldiers powerful support in their encounter with formidable enemy forces.

See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

References

1915 births
1979 deaths
United States Army personnel of World War II
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Military personnel from Chicago
United States Army soldiers
World War II recipients of the Medal of Honor


"In The Pound, Near Breaktime" is a science fiction short story written in 1995 by Kent Brewster.  It was nominated for the 1997 Nebula Award for Best Short Story.

Plot summary
The story is about a desk clerk who is checking in all the animals that are brought to the pound.  It explores the idea of what might happen if unwanted pets, strays and pesky animals were intelligent enough to talk.

Footnotes

Science fiction short stories
1995 short stories
Works originally published in Tomorrow Speculative Fiction


The Battle of Turret Peak occurred March 27, 1873 in the Arizona Territory between the United States Army and a group of Yavapai and Tonto Apaches as part of Lieutenant Colonel George Crook's campaign to return the natives to reservations.

Background
In June 1871, George Crook was assigned to the Southwest to help quell skirmishes between settlers and members of the Yavapai and Apache tribes in central Arizona Territory. He organized the Tonto Basin Campaign to track down members of the tribes and return them to the reservations. Over the course of the operation, there were over twenty clashes, including a highly successful attack in December 1872 on a Yavapai camp during the Battle of Salt River Canyon that ended with seventy-six dead natives. On March 11, 1873, a band of Tonto Apaches attacked and killed three white men. Crook's men tracked the attackers to a Yavapai stronghold on Turret Peak in central Arizona.

Battle
On March 27, 1873, a group of soldiers and Apache Scouts under the command of Captain George M. Randall crept up Turret Peak around midnight. Randall had the men crawl on hands and knees to avoid making any noise or rattling any stones.  Waiting until dawn, the soldiers charged and surprised a rancheria near the crest of the mountain. The natives were so startled and panic-stricken that many of them simply jumped from the mountain side falling to their death below. Some resisted, fighting for a little while before being killed or surrendering. Fifty-seven natives died as result and several more were wounded and captured. Unfortunately a few civilians were found in the cave after the fighting had stopped, killed accidentally by the covering fire or rolling rocks. The attack at Turret Peak proved demoralizing to the Yavapai and Tonto (Apache) people. Two weeks after the battle, on April 6, many of the hostiles surrendered to Crook at Camp Verde. Several of the soldiers who fought at Turret Peak were later awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions.

References

Turret Peak
Battle of Turret Peak
Apache Wars
Turret Peak
Turret Peak
Battle of Turret Peak
History of United States expansionism
19th-century military history of the United States
Battle of Turret Peak
March 1873 events


Bourcia () is a former commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val Suran.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Former communes of Jura (department)


"La Zoubida" () is a 1991 novelty song recorded by the French TV presenter and humorist Vincent Lagaf'. In May 1991, it was the second single from his album Le Lavabo. It became the summer hit of 1991, staying at the top of the French Singles Chart for three months. The song formed the basis for a side-scrolling platform game, Lagaf': Les Aventures de Moktar — Vol 1: La Zoubida, developed by Titus Interactive; the game would later be altered and released as Titus the Fox internationally.

Lyrics and music
In a humorous style, "La Zoubida" tells the story of a young North African girl called Zoubida, who lives in Barbès, whose parents have forbidden her to go dancing. The girl is saved by her friend Moktar, but, as he is a robber of "golden" scooters, the two end the night at the police station. These dubious clichés have earned the song some criticism. As for the music, the melody is repetitive and every sentence is echoed in the vocals. The music is taken from the traditional French song "Sur le pont du Nord", the lyrics and the overall structure being a parody of this folk song.

The song was parodied by Les Inconnus. In the video, Didier Bourdon performs the song in the bed of Lullaby clip, on the music of "Close to Me" by the Cure.

Chart performance
The single debuted at number 24 on 1 June 1991 on the French Top 50 Singles Chart. It climbed quickly and eventually reached number one on 20 July. It remained for eleven non consecutive weeks at the top of the chart, blocking Paul Young and Zucchero's hit "Senza una donna" at number two for six weeks. It remained in the top ten for a total of 24 weeks and fell off the top 50 on 25 January 1992, after 34 weeks, which was the longest chart trajectory for a single in 1991. The single was certified Platinum disc by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique for over 500,000 units sold.

Track listings
 CD single
 "La Zoubida" — 3:55
 "La Zoubida" (Aziz house version) — 8:02

 12" maxi
 "La Zoubida" — 3:55
 "La Zoubida" (instrumental) — 3:55
 "La Zoubida" (Aziz house version) — 8:02

 7" single
 "La Zoubida" — 3:55
 "La Zoubida" (instrumental) — 3:55

Charts and sales

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

See also
List of number-one singles of 1991 (France)

References

1991 singles
Lagaf' songs
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles
1991 songs


Bourg-de-Sirod () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Andrew Dunn may refer to:

 Andrew Dunn (actor) (born 1957), English actor
 Andrew Dunn (businessman) (1854–1934), Australian newspaper proprietor and Member of the Queensland Legislative Council
 Andrew Dunn (cinematographer), British cinematographer
 Andrew Dunn (horticulturalist) (born 1917), 2003 Victoria Medal of Honour winner
 Andrew Hunter Dunn (1839–1914), bishop of Quebec
 Andy Dunn (born 1979), American entrepreneur
 Andrew Dunn (Baseball), American baseball commissioner

See also
 Andrew Dunne (born 1979), Irish rugby union player
 Andrew Dunne (priest) (died 1823), Irish priest


Golden Windows is a daytime soap opera which aired on NBC from July 5, 1954 to April 1, 1955 from 3:15 to 3:30 PM/ET.  The program was sponsored by Procter & Gamble, for Cheer.

Synopsis
The series tells the story of Juliet Goodwin (played by Leila Martin), a 22-year-old girl who spent an isolated childhood in an island retreat off the coast of Maine with her foster father, Charles Goodwin (played by Eric Dressler), and her attempt to find happiness with Tom Anderson (played by Herb Patterson), the bitter young cynic with whom she was in love, although she was engaged to another.  Julie, a girl endowed with a lovely body and a glorious voice, found that her curiosity about life and people had made her vaguely discontented with life on the idyllic island Capstan.

As the story opened, Julie discussed plans for her forthcoming marriage to her fiancé, John Brandon (played by Grant Sullivan), when a bad storm blew up and he returned to the hotel he and his mother ran on the mainland.

The following sequence of events took place in the program’s opening week: Tom Anderson, battered by the New England storm and fleeing the police on what may be a murder charge, found his way to the Goodwin house. Julie convinced her father that Tom was ill and needed their help so they put him up in the guest room for the night after he had collapsed from fatigue. On the mainland, John told his mother (played by Harriet MacGibbon) that he promised to get Julie an audition with a famous musician who was staying at their resort hotel.  Meanwhile, Tom regained consciousness. There was an awareness about Tom and Julie of the growing bond between them and she promised to hide him from the police until he was stronger and could go to them with the story of his how partner was shot, and convince them he was not guilty.

The program was produced by Mary Harris, and directed by Dan Levin.  The story was by John M. Young and Corlis Wilber.

Others who appeared in the program were:  Ralph Camargo (father of actress Victoria Wyndham), Broadway star Barbara Cook, and Ethel Remey, who later played Alma Miller on As the World Turns.

Golden Windows was replaced on April 2, 1955, by a program starring Ted Mack.

References

External links

1954 American television series debuts
1955 American television series endings
American television soap operas
NBC original programming
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows


At This Moment is the debut studio album by American country music artist Neal McCoy, released on November 20, 1990 on Atlantic Records Nashville. "If I Built You a Fire", "Hillbilly Blue" and "This Time I Hurt Her More (Than She Loves Me)" were all released as singles from this album. Although "Hillbilly Blue" did not chart, the other two singles both entered the lower regions of the Hot Country Songs charts. "If I Built You a Fire" was a Top 20 country hit in Canada as well.

Critical reception
A review in Billboard was mixed, stating that "McCoy is most convincing here in his cover of other people's hits...The newer material is unremarkable."

Track listing
"If I Built You a Fire" (Don Sampson, Monty Holmes) – 3:37
"Take My Heart" (Ron Reynolds, Mickey Stripling) – 2:40
"Down on the River" (Kostas, Wayland Patton) – 4:21
"Hillbilly Blue" (Bernie Nelson) – 3:23
"This Time I Hurt Her More (Than She Loves Me)" (Earl Thomas Conley, Mary Larkin) – 2:25
"Somebody Hold Me (Until She Passes By)" (Sue Richards, Ava Aldridge, Ray Aldridge) – 2:55
"The Big Heat" (Bob Mould, David Wills, Rick West) – 3:38
"If the Walls Had Ears" (John Alexander, Pal Rakes) – 3:27
"At This Moment" (Billy Vera) – 3:18
"This Time I'm Takin' My Time" (Mould, Wyatt Easterling) – 3:53

Personnel
Michael Black - background vocals
Larry Byrom - electric guitar
Glen Duncan - fiddle
Wyatt Easterling - background vocals
Sonny Garrish - steel guitar
Steve Gibson - electric guitar
Bill Hullett - electric guitar
Clayton Ivey - keyboards
Jerry Kroon - drums
Gary Lunn - bass guitar
Neal McCoy - lead vocals
 Weldon Myrick  - steel guitar
Ron "Snake" Reynolds - electric guitar, percussion, background vocals
John Willis - acoustic guitar
Dennis Wilson - background vocals
Curtis Young - background vocals

References

1990 debut albums
Atlantic Records albums
Neal McCoy albums


Norman Spencer (23 February 1958 – 31 August 2020) was a Canadian voice and television actor best known for his work on Saturday-morning cartoons in the 1990s. He performed several roles for Marvel Comics characters, most famously Cyclops in X-Men and the Marvel vs. Capcom video games.

Before moving into full-time commercial voice work, Spencer was a creative writer in radio, most notably at CFNY-FM in Toronto, Ontario.

He died on 31 August 2020, at the age of 62. No cause of death was published.

Filmography

Film

Film (Animated)

Television

Television (Animated)

Video games

References

External links

1958 births
2020 deaths
Canadian male television actors
Canadian male video game actors
Canadian male voice actors
Male actors from Vancouver
Place of birth missing
Place of death missing
20th-century Canadian male actors
21st-century Canadian male actors


The West London Lifelong Learning Network is a government funded partnership.

It aims to increase the number of vocational learners progressing to and through Higher Education using flexible learning, and respond to employers’ skills shortages.

The West London Lifelong Learning Network is committed to joint working with its academic partners and employers to help achieve its goals.

Focus

Its activities centre around three West London priority areas:
 Health & Social Care
 Heathrow (travel and tourism, hospitality and catering, retail, logistics, aeronautical engineering, environmental sustainability, business and IT services)
 Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics.

Partners

The West London Lifelong Learning Network's academic partners are:
 Brunel University
 Capel Manor College
 College of North West London
 Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College
 Harrow College
 Kingston University
 Royal Holloway, University of London
 St Dominic's Sixth Form College
 Stanmore College
 Thames Valley University
 Uxbridge College
 West Thames College
 University of Westminster
 William Morris Sixth Form

See also
 Higher Education Funding Council for England
 Lifelong Learning Networks (LLNs)

External links
 West London Lifelong Learning Network

Education in London
Vocational education in the United Kingdom


Brainans () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Brans () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Bréry () is a former commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune Domblans.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Former communes of Jura (department)


Bretenières () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Brevans () is a commune in the Jura department and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Briod () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)


Broissia () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Jura department

References

Communes of Jura (department)