The Celebrity Apprentice 2 (also known as The Apprentice 8) is the eighth installment of the reality game show The Apprentice. It premiered on March 1, 2009. The Celebrity Apprentice 2 aired for two hours on Sundays at 9:00 Eastern time. Joan Rivers was the winner, while Annie Duke was the runner-up.

Candidates
The following is the list of candidates for this season.
The candidates are divided into two teams, male versus female (as in seasons 1, 2, and 4). The women named their team Athena, after the Greek goddess of wisdom, strategic warfare and heroic endeavor. The men named their team KOTU, an acronym for Kings Of The Universe.

Weekly results

 The candidate was on the losing team.
 The candidate won the competition and was named the Celebrity Apprentice.
 The candidate won as project manager on his/her team.
 The candidate lost as project manager on his/her team.
 The candidate was on the losing team and brought to the final boardroom.
 The candidate was fired.
 The candidate lost as project manager and was fired.
 The candidate was absent during the week due to previous engagements.

Episodes

Episode 1: Cupcake Contest
Task 1
Airdate: March 1, 2009
Task scope: The making and selling of homemade cupcakes at the Institute of Culinary Education and having them tested in a taste contest
Athena project manager: Joan Rivers
KOTU project manager: Herschel Walker
Judges: Donald Trump; Ivanka Trump; Donald Trump Jr.
Winning team: Athena
Reasons for win: All of the women managed to bring in at least one contact to raise money, with Brande Roderick and Annie Duke being the most successful in this regard. Representatives from Crumbs bakery sampled both Athena's chocolate ganache cupcake and KOTU's Vanilla cupcake.  Athena won an extra $15,000 for having the better-tasting cupcake. This turned out to be the difference between winning and losing, as the men's team would have been at nearly $65,000 had they won this vote. Athena were also praised for bouncing back from an early disaster, caused when the chocolate cupcakes did not raise properly due to an incorrect mixing, which the team recovered from by adding extra chocolate topping. The team committed another blunder by giving one of these cupcakes to Crumbs instead of the more popular vanilla with chocolate chip cookies, but fortunately this turned out not to matter because KOTU's cupcake tasted far worse.
Losing team: KOTU
Reasons for loss: Neither Andrew Dice Clay, Dennis Rodman nor Jesse James brought in a single donor between them, with Herschel Walker and Tom Green bringing in three-quarters of the team's revenue. Despite this, the team still earned enough that they could have edged the women by winning the $15,000 from Crumbs; unfortunately an earlier blunder cost them severely, as they did not add enough sugar to their cupcakes and had to resort to brushing syrup onto them. This did not make enough of a difference, and the representatives from Crumbs called the men's cupcake the most disgusting thing they had ever tasted, costing them the $15,000 and with it, the task.
Sent to boardroom: Andrew Dice Clay, Dennis Rodman, Herschel Walker
Fired: Andrew Dice Clay – by process of elimination and for potentially implying at one point that he wanted to quit. While Dice said that he didn't intend to actually quit because he would be effectively admitting the loss was his fault, Trump became convinced that his heart wasn't in the competition. Even though Herschel was responsible for his bad leadership and baking a lousy cupcake, he and Dennis had fought to stay, leaving Trump to eliminate Andrew Dice Clay. Dice was also fired for not contributing much on this task and for not bringing any donors in.  Andrew also referred to Trump as "Donny Trump", which Trump took as a major sign of disrespect and was a big factor in choosing to let Andrew go.
Notes:
Athena raised $76,267.39.
KOTU raised $49,449.
This is the fifth season that started the job interview process with teams of men vs. women
Andrew Dice Clay was the first candidate to express the urge to quit but not actually do so.
KOTU is the first corporate name that is an acronym—Kings Of The Universe
The total money of profit was $125,716.39, which is a Celebrity Apprentice record of winning money as project manager.
Claudia Jordan was very vocal about Annie Duke being too controlling—especially in making the cupcakes.
Members of KOTU didn't even like their own cupcakes with Clint Black saying it was a not sweet enough muffin Tom Green saying it was like perfume on a turd and Jesse James saying KOTU'S cupcake tasted like ass.

Episode 2: E instead of Z
Task 2
Airdate: March 8, 2009
Task sponsor: zappos.com
Task scope: Creating a four-page comic book with a central comic book character represented by zappos.com.
Athena project manager: Khloé Kardashian
KOTU project manager: Scott Hamilton
Judges: Donald Trump; Donald Trump Jr.; Erin Burnett
Winning team: Athena
Reasons for win: Although Claudia Jordan fumbled the presentation and Natalie Gublis did not do her team any favors by saying she wanted to get out of the costume, the CEO of Zappos generally liked their comic more than KOTU's.
Losing team: KOTU
Reasons for loss: The CEO of Zappos said he was impressed by both teams.  However, while Tom Green's presentation appeared stronger, the CEO couldn't quite understand why the character was named EEE (Scott's name that Tom fought against). This was ultimately the deciding factor.
Sent to boardroom: Scott Hamilton, Tom Green, Herschel Walker.
Fired: Scott Hamilton – for giving the comic book character a name that did not start with a Z, for not controlling the strong personalities on his team, and for bringing Herschel Walker instead of Clint Black.
Notes:
When Donald Trump Jr. came to check on Athena's progress, Melissa Rivers took all the credit for the name of Athena's comic book character and the concept of their comic, even though Claudia Jordan was the one who came up with the concept and Joan Rivers was the one who came up with the name. When it was brought up in the boardroom, Khloé Kardashian confirmed that the ideas stemmed from Claudia, but did not contradict Melissa's claim.
Claudia fell ill later into the day and asked to go home from the task, despite being the one who was presenting the comic in front of the CEO. She also claimed in the boardroom that it was the team that made her go home. This also affected Claudia's presentation that morning, but the women won nonetheless.
Annie Duke was angered that Claudia left for the night because she had such a pivotal role in the task. Annie also wanted to write the script of the comic instead of Joan Rivers (an accomplished writer), which infuriated Joan.
When Claudia fumbled Athena's presentation, she thought she would grade herself a "2.0" or "C".
Dennis Rodman wanted to make KOTU's comic book character a transvestite.
Khloé gradually stepped into her role as project manager after several hours of people talking over each other. However, the consensus among her team was that she did quite well, even though it was acknowledged that she was famous for virtually nothing.
Khloé won $20,000 to her charity.
The men took much longer than the women to come up with a concept. A feud erupted between Tom Green and Scott Hamilton during the task, after Scott thought that Tom was being distracting and Tom thought that no one was listening to any of his ideas. Herschel Walker told Tom to shut up numerous times, and Herschel was even brought into the boardroom to solely advocate against Tom.
Originally, Scott considered bring back only Tom, but decided to bring back Tom and Herschel after mentioning the events that happened last season with Gene Simmons.  Herschel was then sent out before Trump fired Scott.
Clint Black was frustrated with the lack of work being done and tried to take charge. Several celebrities commented about his demeanor and said it looked like he thought he was project manager. Jesse James also commented on how demanding and obnoxious Clint was and said that if he was Trump, he would fire Clint.
Clint also had many tense exchanges of words with Dennis, which would come to a head in the fourth episode.
Natalie Gulbis had to wear her team's costume, and then made a negative comment about the costume in front of the Zappos executive, which she was criticized for by Donald Trump Jr.
Although the episode made it look like KOTU lost purely because their character's name started with an E instead of a Z, the show's website revealed that the Zappos CEO, Tony Hsieh, had another problem with the fact that their name was very similar to the Asus Eee PC and potentially a violation of the Asus trademark.

Episode 3: Drink, Deliver and Decorate
Task 3
Air date: March 15, 2009
Task scope: Sell 125 wedding dresses.
Athena project manager: Brande Roderick
KOTU project manager: Tom Green
Judges: Donald Trump; Ivanka Trump; George H. Ross
Winning team: Athena
Reasons for win: Many of Athena's contacts came through, with Brande Roderick and Annie Duke once again bringing in huge amounts of money. In addition, their wonderfully decorated space was inviting to the non-contact buyers.
Losing team: KOTU
Reasons for loss: Already two people down, KOTU lost another person when Dennis Rodman didn't participate due to getting sick the night before. Prior to Dennis' alleged illness, he did nothing to help his team, and appeared more interested in bar hopping than in his self-appointed task of promoting the sale. Only part of the $45,000 and $35,000 that Clint Black and Herschel Walker, respectively, raised through contacts showed up in time to count for final sales, while Tom Green and Jesse James didn't bring in any money at all (though Dennis actually did, as his agent showed up and paid $3,000 for a dress).  Also, Tom insisted on a minimalist decoration which did not appeal to the buyers. George brought this up in the boardroom and asked if Tom had hired Stevie Wonder to decorate.
Sent to boardroom: No final boardroom – Trump was so enraged about Tom's performance, and more so the fact that he apparently lied to Trump and George Ross about Dennis's reasons for not taking part in the second day in the task, that he fired Tom on the spot.
Fired: Tom Green – for showing lousy leadership by sleeping in, not bringing any money, and getting Dennis Rodman drunk behind the scenes, which upset Trump as he was very protective of Dennis' sobriety.
Notes:
Athena sold 22 dresses and total profit of $103,000.
KOTU sold 21 dresses and total profit of $63,450.
Brande Roderick won $166,450 for her charity, a record for most money won in a single task. It eclipsed Joan Rivers' record just two episodes ago.
Joan Rivers did not participate in the first day of this task due to a speaking engagement.
Brande Roderick considered Annie Duke and Melissa Rivers to be stars on her team.
During the task, Tom Green slept in while the rest of the team went to setup. Enraged, Jesse furiously called him and he was very late and very drunk.
During the Boardroom, Dennis Rodman insisted that he refused to help KOTU with the selling because of an allergic reaction to a cat.  However, many teammates from both sides (especially based on comments by the women on Athena) speculated that it was a hoax, jokingly saying that the cat might have been a lady named "Kitty" that Dennis met earlier in the day, and his sickness was really a hangover. Notably, Dennis and Tom Green could not keep their story straight in the boardroom, variously claiming that Dennis had suffered an allergy to a cat or a dog.
From the KOTU teammates, Jesse James thought that Trump should fire both Tom and Dennis, and Herschel Walker and Clint Black agreed. Dennis was likely spared because he brought in money while Tom didn’t.
Also, Trump said that Tom should have been fired the previous week because he didn't get along with his team, this week he was worse, and Scott Hamilton could have stayed a little longer.
Mr. Trump said that Dennis should try a little harder and not keep losing.

Episode 4: Failure to Negotiate
Task 4
Airdate: March 22, 2009
Task sponsor: ACN Inc.
Task scope: Both teams must produce a live event launching ACN's new Iris 3000 Videophone.
Athena project manager: Claudia Jordan
KOTU project manager: Brian McKnight
Judges: Donald Trump; Ivanka Trump; Donald Trump Jr.
Winning team: KOTU
Reasons for win: The audience at the presentations submitted comment cards regarding the presentations and selected their favorite.  Despite comments regarding their lack of focus on the product, KOTU received 85% of the votes.
Losing team: Athena
Reasons for loss: Athena's presentation only received 15% of the audience's votes. Despite praise for the comedic talents of Joan Rivers, the rest of the content of the presentation was judged to be inferior to that of KOTU's and the vignettes were extremely "cheesy" according to Donald Trump.
Sent to boardroom: Claudia Jordan, Melissa Rivers, Khloé Kardashian
Fired: Claudia Jordan – for producing an uninteresting presentation, losing the respect of the entire team, and for letting her emotions tie into her decision to bring in Melissa Rivers.
Notes:
Brian McKnight won $20,000 for his charity.
Joan Rivers again missed the early part of the task due to a charity event, and originally she was going to miss the entire task because of a late flight back to New York City. However, Natalie Gulbis researched an earlier flight and Joan managed to perform for Athena.
Claudia Jordan said that Melissa Rivers was very obnoxious and was her biggest problem. Despite that, the rest of the team said that Melissa did an outstanding job and even Annie Duke said if they won, she would have given all the credit to Melissa and Joan Rivers. Claudia still went on to say how bossy she was and how she cannot take criticism which infuriated Joan Rivers. Claudia was then getting verbally assaulted by Joan and Melissa, and the rest of the team believed that Claudia should get fired.
While Claudia actually said that Khloé Kardashian should be fired due to her lack of contribution to the task, she spent most of the boardroom attacking Melissa instead, which blew up in her face when Trump realised she had brought Melissa back in for personal reasons. Only then did Claudia attempt to make a case for Khloé to be fired, but Melissa came to her defense and blamed Claudia for not properly delegating.
This was the first time KOTU won a task.
After Clint Black won the right to have KOTU take the second presentation slot, Dennis Rodman suddenly sparked a massive argument with him (which the women reenacted in front of Don Jr.), apparently taking offense at the fact that Clint had won his team's presentation slot via a coin flip (even though the coin flip idea was actually from Annie Duke) before storming out and not returning until several hours later. After that, Brian McKnight barred Dennis from taking any further part in the task, even turning down an offer to secure audiovisual equipment for the presentation.

Episode 5: Leading the Regency
Task 5
Airdate: March 29, 2009
Task sponsor: Loews Hotels
Task scope: Both teams must work as hoteliers at The Regency, A Loews Hotel in New York City.
Athena project manager: Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins
KOTU project manager: Dennis Rodman
Judges: Donald Trump; John Tisch; Ivanka Trump
Winning team: Athena
Reasons for win: While Athena failed to mention the various prices for amenities to the guests, they made up with great customer service to score 91% for the customer approval rating.
Losing team: KOTU
Reasons for loss: While Dennis Rodman was initially strong as project manager, he started drinking partway through the day and soon started behaving very erratically, leaving the check-in and room service in total chaos at the start of the task. The team pulled together and performed well after Dennis disappeared halfway through the task, but their weak start and the women's exceptional performance meant that they never had any realistic chance of victory. KOTU only received a score of 86%.
Sent to boardroom: No final boardroom; Trump proceeded to the firing immediately after announcing Athena's victory.
Fired: Dennis Rodman – for his erratic behavior over the last few weeks and the lack of leadership.
Notes:
Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins won $20,000 for her charity.
Khloé Kardashian missed the first day of the task due to a prior engagement. As a result, she was visibly disorganised on the second day, and Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins said that if Athena lost, she would definitely bring back Khloé.
 Vincent Pastore and Stephen Baldwin arrived as celebrity guests.  Stephen Baldwin was disappointed with his room's view and Joan Rivers's oversight of not telling him the $400 in charges to see a show. Stephen and Vincent's experiences were not taken into account for the team's scores, much to Joan's relief and KOTU's disappointment, since Vincent had been very pleased with the service they gave him.
Room 702 and the clients requested Annie Duke for room service rather than Natalie Gulbis. Natalie had a hard time doing the room service and she rolled her eyes in front of Room 702.
After Dennis Rodman disappeared, Clint Black acted as the men's de facto project manager for the remainder of the task. He refused to actually take on the project manager's role however, out of concern that, were they to lose, Trump could fire Dennis for abandoning the team, and then judge the rest of the loss to be Clint's fault and fire him as well.
Dennis Rodman was confronted in the boardroom by Trump and the KOTU teammates as they were all concerned over his drinking. At one point before the announcement of who won, Trump said that he could have fired Dennis even if Athena lost, which could have been an Apprentice show first.
Despite Athena's victory, the women's celebrations on the announcement of the result were very subdued. In particular, Annie Duke and Jesse James were visibly in tears when Dennis Rodman was fired.
At the end of the episode there was no shot of the other candidates returning to the suite, nor a trailer for the following episode. The credits ran over a black background, and were followed by a PSA for Alcoholics Anonymous.

Episode 6: Shuffle Up
Task 6
Airdate: April 5, 2009
Task scope: Both teams must create and present viral videos for All laundry detergent.
Corporate Reshuffle: Because KOTU is grievously decimated, Trump decided to reshuffle the teams. The new KOTU consists of Khloé, Natalie, Clint, Joan, and Herschel. The new Athena contains Jesse, Melissa, Annie, Tionne, and Brande.
Athena project manager: Melissa Rivers
KOTU project manager: Clint Black
Judges:  Donald Trump; Donald Trump Jr.; Ivanka Trump
Winning team: No winning team – despite the All executives making it clear that they wanted videos that were humorous, but also conservative and family-friendly, both teams produced videos containing distinctly adult themes, and various other flaws. As a result, All rejected both videos, meaning that both teams lost the task, and both teams came back to the final boardroom.
Losing team: Athena & KOTU
Athena's reason for loss: Although Athena did a better job of explaining the All detergent, and their video was preferred by Perez Hilton, executives did not like the fact that they used the politically incorrect term "midget" in their video, in addition to other foul language.  Also, Trump wasn't sure that using Jesse James was the best focal point for the detergent's target demographic.
Sent to boardroom (Athena): Melissa Rivers, Brande Roderick, Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins
KOTU's reason for loss: KOTU lost because their commercial did not even explain how the detergent worked. The commercial also featured off-color sexual innuendo that Trump even compared to porn.
Sent to boardroom (KOTU): Clint Black, Natalie Gulbis, Khloé Kardashian
Fired:
Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins – for volunteering to go back to the boardroom
Khloé Kardashian – for her past DUI arrest and for not letting Mr. Trump know about this. Trump also stated that Khloé lied about where she was the previous week.
Notes:
Because KOTU is grievously decimated, Trump decided to reshuffle the teams. The new KOTU consists of Khloé, Natalie, Clint, Joan, and Herschel. The new Athena contains Jesse, Melissa, Annie, Tionne, and Brande.
Trump stressed to the remaining celebrities that alcohol abuse is a horrible thing and that he cannot stand it.
Before the task begin, Melissa stated the fact that at the Lowes Regency from Task 5, she tripped and tore a ligament from her leg.
Herschel Walker had a prior engagement and did not help out during the first day of the task except over the phone. Brian McKnight also had a prior engagement that day, but unlike Herschel Walker, he was unable to participate in the task at all. Brian would later be put on Athena.
An 'All' Detergent executive described All's demographic was "women with children", but then emphasized "not moms".
This is the second time in Apprentice history where both teams lost and that both failing project managers picked two people to be brought in the boardroom.  The first time this happened was in the third season, but unlike that season, Trump decided to fire two people, and one from each team.
Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins was fired simply because she volunteered to go into the boardroom. Trump even recalled a situation in the second season, when candidate Bradford Cohen agreed to waive his exemption, essentially agreeing to volunteer being up for termination. When Melissa Rivers came to her defense, Trump said that she would have been the one fired had Tionne not volunteered, and exclaimed "Never Volunteer for an Execution!"
Khloé Kardashian was fired because of her previous arrest for a DUI. However, Trump did give her $20,000 for her charity—bringing her total to $40,000.
Although they had constantly butted heads, Clint Black chose not to bring Joan Rivers back into the boardroom, despite saying earlier in the episode that Joan would be the only person he would bring back. By his own admission, Clint had intended to engineer his own termination by bringing back Khloé Kardashian and Natalie Gulbis, who were not to blame for the loss. However, Clint's plan backfired after Trump proceeded to fire Khloé for something unrelated to the task.
At the end of the episode during the final commercial break, it was revealed that Joan and Melissa Rivers had both starred in a series of viral videos for All detergent, which were available on the company website.

Episode 7: Protect the Conflict
Task 7
Airdate: April 12, 2009
Task sponsor: LifeLock
Task scope: Both teams must design in-store displays for an identity-theft protection company.
Athena project manager: Brian McKnight
KOTU project manager: Natalie Gulbis
Judges: Donald Trump; George H. Ross; Ivanka Trump
Winning team: KOTU
Reason for win: KOTU had the more interesting display and product packaging. Executives also liked the idea of having the celebrities endorsing their product.
Losing team: Athena
Reason for loss: While Athena had a better presentation, their packaging looked cheap and they did not introduce anything new to the display.
Sent to the boardroom: Brian McKnight, Melissa Rivers, Brande Roderick
Fired: Brian McKnight – for letting another teammate, Annie Duke, take the reins during the task and for admitting that he had lost his desire to continue in the process.
Notes:
At the beginning of the episode, most of the celebrities were shocked when Khloé Kardashian was fired simply because of her past DUI arrest. Trump assured the teams that because she lied about it she was fired, plus after what happened with Dennis Rodman two weeks ago, Trump wasn't going to take any more chances.
For this task, Brian McKnight was placed on the Athena team.
Natalie Gulbis won $20,000 for her charity.
Despite a personality conflict with Clint Black during the last task, Joan Rivers was able to work with Clint and her opinion of him improves. Joan and Melissa Rivers both switch their ire to Annie Duke, with whom they have discussed fellow team members.
Joan Rivers continues her extreme protection of Melissa Rivers, including threatening to quit the show if Melissa is fired. Clint Black asked Joan what she would do if she and Melissa ended up facing off against each other in the final, but Joan refused to answer the question.
Jesse James became increasingly ill with a stomach flu throughout the episode.
The second half of this episode featured the beginnings of the next task, which was completed in Episode 8. Piers Morgan, the winner of the first Celebrity Apprentice competition was introduced as a surprise guest observer of the subsequent task.
There were many personality conflicts between Joan Rivers and Annie Duke, along with Melissa Rivers' attitude among others.
Trump lets the celebrities know that he hates people who choose to drink and drive. This primarily explains his firing of Khloé.

Episode 8: Sold Food
Task 8
Airdate: April 19, 2009
Task scope: Raise the most money by auctioning jewelry from Ivanka Trump's jewelry brand.
Athena project manager: Annie Duke
KOTU project manager: Joan Rivers
Judges: Donald Trump; Ivanka Trump; Piers Morgan
Winning team: Athena
Reasons for win: The team raised $153,000. Annie Duke proved an extremely effective auctioneer, getting huge bids for their items, and Brande Roderick was able to bring in some very wealthy contacts. Melissa Rivers' jewelry choices also proved good, as they were large and visible throughout the room.
Losing team: KOTU
Reasons for loss: The team raised $92,000, mostly through one piece of jewelry. The team struggled to bring in contacts, however, and had to have two of them club together for their largest sale (their second-largest sale in fact ended up being to a donor brought in by Brande Roderick for the other team). Clint Black proved a terrible auctioneer, failing to create any atmosphere within the room and getting the jewelry items mixed up, and did so poorly that Joan Rivers had to jump in mid-auction and take over. Natalie Gulbis also selected jewelry that was far too small to be seen from the far sides of the room.
Sent to the boardroom: No final boardroom – Trump felt that he could not fire Herschel Walker (who brought in over half the team's revenue), and that Joan Rivers was still the strongest member of her team. This left it between Clint Black and Natalie Gulbis, and despite Clint's awful performance as the auctioneer, Trump felt that Natalie's jewelry choices had doomed the team from the start, and her failure to bring in any money whatsoever sealed her fate.
Fired: Natalie Gulbis – for not being an effective fundraiser for Ivanka Trump's jewelry brand, primarily by selecting jewelry that was too small to be visible in the room.
Notes:
The first half of this task was shown during the previous episode.
Immediately after Melissa Rivers and Brande Roderick returned from the previous task's boardroom, Trump asked all the candidates to return to the boardroom so that he could give them the task briefing. He also asked them to select their project managers there and then; Herschel Walker initially stepped up as KOTU's project manager, but in an unusual move Trump actually overrode the team and selected Joan Rivers to be their project manager, feeling that she would be a better leader for this sort of task than Herschel.
The previous Celebrity Apprentice, Piers Morgan, was brought back to observe the teams as a judge.
Trump commented that having very small jewelry confused some viewers in the back row, for they could not see the items up for auction. He also commented that having very small jewelry was also somewhat offensive to his daughter Ivanka.
Jesse James again failed to bring in any donors at all, which led Piers to question his claims that despite being married to Sandra Bullock he hadn't made any contacts within the film industry. Trump was unimpressed by Jesse's excuses, and made it clear that had Athena lost, Jesse would absolutely have been fired.
A feud breaks out between Annie Duke and Joan Rivers, and Joan even goes as far as to compare Annie to Adolf Hitler. Piers commented in the boardroom that Annie and Joan's feud made the previous season's feud between him and Omarosa look like a tea party. Melissa actually sided against Annie in the argument, and while Trump said that he would normally find backing up the opposing project manager to be an act of extreme disloyalty, he could understand it given Joan and Melissa's very close mother-daughter relationship.
 Annie Duke's earnings of $245,000 is a record for The Celebrity Apprentice.

Task 9
Task sponsor: The Schwan Food Company
Task scope: Create a new meal for Schwan's LiveSmart frozen food line.
Athena project manager: Jesse James
KOTU project manager: Herschel Walker
Judges: Donald Trump; Ivanka Trump; Joe Kernen
Winning team: Athena
Reasons for victory: Despite not having a marketing plan, their turkey meatball with gluten-free pasta meal was far more innovative than the ones created by KOTU.
Losing team: KOTU
Reasons for loss: The executives felt that while their soy ginger and orange chicken meal tasted good, the frozen yogurt dessert was too complex to be packaged as a frozen food.
Sent to the boardroom: No final boardroom – Trump held Herschel primarily responsible for the loss, and given Clint and Joan's superior performances compared to his, Trump had enough evidence to fire him without a final boardroom.
Fired: Herschel Walker – For losing control of Clint Black, even though Clint is not easy and never listens to his team, Herschel also had a bad record as project manager (0–2), and for his excessive losses in the tasks (2–7).
Notes:
Jesse James won $20,000 for his charity.

Episode 9: Right Guard, Right Way out
Task 10
Airdate: April 26, 2009
Task scope: Create a 4-page advertorial, starring David Lee, for Right Guard deodorant
Athena project manager: Brande Roderick
KOTU project manager: Clint Black
Judges: Donald Trump; Ivanka Trump; Jim Cramer
Winning team: KOTU
Reasons for win: Their advertorial had great branding and used the orange color-key trademark. David Lee was well integrated, and the team ran the power stripe idea around the border.
Losing team: Athena
Reasons for loss: They missed the order, having David Lee and the ball buried on the third page of the spread.
Sent to the boardroom: Brande Roderick, Annie Duke, Melissa Rivers
Boardroom tension: Roderick was highly criticized by Jim Cramer in the boardroom for being not effective as a leader and questioning that if she thinks of herself as a strong player which led  her to being extremely defensive and eventually changing his mind of firing her over Melissa Rivers.
Fired:  Melissa Rivers – Solely for raising less money when compared to Annie and Brande.
Notes:
To even the teams, Jesse James was sent back to KOTU.
Jesse declined to cooperate with Clint Black on the project, after the better part of Jesse's ideas were not used.  Clint and Joan Rivers understood, and even Jesse acknowledged Clint as a good project leader and congratulated him on the winning ad campaign.
 Melissa Rivers asked Annie and Brande for more involvement in the task, but they refused, and then complained in the boardroom that Melissa didn't do a lot.
Melissa Rivers accused Annie Duke and Brande Roderick of conspiring against her because they had left her out of participating in the team project, an accusation that both Annie and Brande denied, despite such conspiracies being caught on tape, and airing on the show.
After being fired, Melissa completely lost control and she verbally attacked her teammates, calling them "whore pit vipers" and then refused to do an exit interview, hurling abuse at the show's behind-the-scenes staff in the process.
Joan called Annie a Nazi and a "piece of shit" after Melissa was fired, straight after calling Brandie a “stupid blonde”. She said (to Brandie), “you have been so manipulated, so manipulated, she is gonna knock you off (referring to Annie), do you think you’re gonna win? You are NOT gonna win, I don’t wanna hear it, you’re not gonna win”. She then turned on Annie, stating “And YOUR people, you give money with blood on it. I met your people in Vegas for forty years, none of them had last names, NONE of them” before screaming “you’re a POKER player, a POKER player. That’s beyond white trash!”. Joan then exited Trump Tower with Melissa.
Clint Black won $20,000 for his charity.

Episode 10: Catchy, not Country
Task 11
Airdate: May 3, 2009
Task scope: Create a jingle and 30-second commercial for Chicken of the Sea.
Athena project manager: Annie Duke
KOTU project manager: Clint Black
Judges: Donald Trump; Donald Trump Jr.; Ivanka Trump
Winning team: Athena
Reason for win: Despite not having a musical artist in their group, Athena managed to create a catchy jingle.  They also made sure the commercial stresses what the Chicken of the Sea executives wanted to convey to consumers.
Losing team: KOTU
Reason for loss: Clint Black wrote and performed their song in country music style.  Although executives liked the jingle, they felt that country music may not appeal to a broader audience.
Sent to the boardroom: Jesse James, Joan Rivers, Clint Black
Fired: Clint Black – for choosing a music genre that didn't have wide appeal, having a consistently abrasive attitude, and for his poor performances in previous tasks. Despite the fact that both teams did well, Clint was held responsible for the loss, and this also wasn't his first loss as project manager.
Notes:
Despite her confrontational outburst and leaving with her daughter Melissa, Joan Rivers returned the next day for this task.
Annie Duke got another donation of $20,000, raising a total of $265,000.

Task 12
Airdate: May 3, 2009
Task scope: Individual interviews with Piers Morgan, who will advise Donald Trump on who should advance to the final two.
Final four: Jesse James, Joan Rivers, Annie Duke, Brande Roderick
Fired:
Brande Roderick – for not having what it took to be the Celebrity Apprentice. Trump said after firing her that she should be very proud of herself for how far she made it and how much money she raised and the job she did. Some people also felt that she relied too much on Annie in past tasks.
Jesse James – for holding back with his contacts and not bringing any big donors from the Cupcake task, Wedding task, and the Ivanka's jewelry brand task. Despite complimenting him on his overall good performance on the show, Trump said that it was ultimately all about raising money for charity, and that in that regard Jesse had in fact been the least effective person in the entire season.
Notes:
Jesse's firing marks the end of the original KOTU members, meaning that for the third consecutive season, and fifth overall, the final two are members from the same original team.
Jesse's firing also creates the second ever all-female final two, first occurring in the third season. An interesting note is that in both season 3 and 8 both teams lost one task during the season.
Piers recommended Annie and Joan as the final two because he felt Annie was the toughest and also because she raised the most money throughout the season. Even though his interview with Joan got a bit heated at times, he felt she had enough to make it to the final 2 and beat Annie.
Shortly before the end of the boardroom, Trump requested to know why Jesse had never asked his wife, Sandra Bullock, for any donations, adding that just one donation from her could potentially have swung any of the tasks he had lost. Jesse replied that he had promised Bullock that he would only ask her for a donation if he reached the final, but Trump considered this to be a sign of weakness and/or bad judgement, either of which he thought was more than sufficient to justify Jesse's firing.

Episode 11: Winning, or not
Task 13
Airdate: May 10, 2009
Task scope: The final two contestants must each sell tickets to a performance of the Cirque du Soleil show Wintuk and create and manage a party to entertain VIP guests before the show. The event must also include a silent auction of items collected by the teams for the auction and showcase the Kodak EasyShare digital frame.
Annie's team: Brande Roderick, Dennis Rodman, Tom Green
Joan's team: Herschel Walker, Clint Black, Melissa Rivers
Fired: Annie Duke
Celebrity Apprentice: Joan Rivers
Notes:
The live finale was broadcast from the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.
Joan Rivers' team raised $150,830, while Annie Duke's team raised $465,725.
Annie won 2 of 5 factors: money raised, and charity integration; Joan won 3 of 5 factors: Kodak branding, celebrity integration, and overall guest experience.
Joan Rivers was praised for her stamina, vitality, and tenacity as a 75-year-old woman.
Annie Duke was given credit for her intelligence, professionalism, ruthlessness, game strategy, and overall effectiveness of performance throughout the season.
Khloé Kardashian,  Natalie Gulbis, and Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins were not present for the live reunion portion of the show.
Piers Morgan and Trace Adkins were present for the live reunion portion of the show.
Event planner David Tutera was originally chosen to assist Joan Rivers with her event planning, but quit before the event took place, reportedly being so upset, he quit both teams.
Joan Rivers, who had lost as project manager on the eight task, became the first contestant to be selected as the Apprentice over a finalist who did not lose a task as project manager. Another interesting note is that Annie Duke was the winning project manager on the eight task, but would go on to be defeated by Joan. Annie had also raised more money than Joan in the final task and in the overall season, but was still fired over Joan; mainly because (as Piers Morgan suggested) Annie only won two of the five requirements to win the final task, while Joan won three.
This is the only final task in Apprentice history that had a set of requirements spelled out with the winner decided by who did better in more categories.
Joan Rivers' track record was 6–5 with a 1–1 record as project manager. Annie Duke, on the other hand, was 7–4 and 2–0 as project manager. Despite Annie's slightly better track record, Joan was chosen the Celebrity Apprentice, because Annie lost the final task which ultimately determined who was going to be the Celebrity Apprentice.
If Annie Duke won she would have donated the most money to charity beating reigning champion Piers Morgan.

Future Involvement
Brande Roderick, Dennis Rodman, and Claudia Jordan all returned for All-Star Celebrity Apprentice. Roderick, Rodman, and Jordan placed 7th, 9th, and 11th, respectively, with Rodman and Jordan unable to raise anything and Roderick able to raise $20,000.

References

External links
 Official website

08
2009 American television seasons


KHCM-FM (97.5 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Honolulu, Hawaii.  It is owned by the Salem Media Group and airs a country music radio format.  The studios and offices are in Honolulu's Kalihi district.  KHCM-FM carries Bob Kingsley's Country Top 40 on Saturdays.

KHCM-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 80,000 watts.  The transmitter is in the Ala Moana neighborhood atop the Ala Moana Hotel, on Atkinson Drive.

History

KPOI-FM went on the air in 1962 as the third FM station in the state, a companion to KPOI 1380 AM (today KLHT at 1040).

In 1974, KPOI-FM became KHSS.  It changed its call sign to KDUK in 1979. By 1983 the station flipped formats to active rock and returned to the KPOI call letters, in honor of the former Top 40 AM sister station.  In 1993 KPOI evolved to Modern rock as "97.5 The Edge."  It changed its moniker back to 97-5 K-POI with the positioning slogan:"The Rock You Live On." In 2004 Salem bought the station and dropped the format, giving Hawaii its first FM Talk radio station. Sister station KAIM became its simulcast after the switch was made.

KHCM's country origins began in 2002 at 940 AM, which had once been home of the market's original country AM, KDEO. In 2005 KHCM switched signals to 1180. In 2006 Salem and KORL's owners swapped signals, and in the process moved the KHCM calls and country format over to the 690 frequency from the 1180 frequency, which in turn became the new home for KORL. On Sept. 3, 2007, KHCM switched from 690 AM to both 870 AM to 97.5 FM, keeping its country music format. The former talk format and KHNR call letters moved to 690 AM.

On July 1, 2009, Salem split up the KHCM simulcast, with the AM flipping to a Chinese-language format. The FM side retained the country format. In June 2015, KHCM-FM changed positioning statements to "Hawaii's New Hit Country".

References

External links
 KHCM official website

HCM-FM
Country radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1962
1962 establishments in Hawaii
Salem Media Group properties


Sarnoff Andrei Mednick, (January 27, 1928 – April 10, 2015) was a psychologist who pioneered the prospective high-risk, longitudinal study to investigate the etiology (causes) of psychopathology, or mental disorders. His emphasis was on schizophrenia. He made significant contributions to the study of creativity, psychopathy, alcoholism and suicide in schizophrenia. He was a Professor Emeritus at The University of Southern California, where he had been a tenured professor since the early '70s and remained highly active in his eighties. Mednick was the first scientist to revisit the genetic basis of mental disorders, following the era of eugenics. He was the recipient of the Joseph Zubin Award in 1996, with more than 300 peer-reviewed publications on the topic.

Career
Mednick received his Ph.D. at Northwestern University, where he was a student of Benton J. Underwood. He later began his career as a professor at Harvard University, then took a position at the University of Michigan, where he was best known for his verbal learning experiments and other cross-sectional studies, and for his theorizing on creativity (also see the Remote Associates Test of creativity ), psychopathy and schizophrenia. It was at the University of Michigan that he began to question his own methodology of cross-sectional studies (the popular methodology at the time) and to develop his rationale for the high-risk study, one of his greatest contributions to the field of psychology and psychiatry. He noted that many of the findings of differences between adult schizophrenics and normal controls that were published at the time were not replicated. Each study tended to use available control samples of convenience (such as the relatives of hospitalized persons with schizophrenia) and so turned out to be the result of individuals suffering the effects of a life of schizophrenia. Elements affecting the outcome of these studies were poor diet, the side effects of medications, and psychosocial effects of hospitalization, all of which were associated with living with schizophrenia, but that were not of etiological significance (but rather epiphenomenal). Although Mednick's work was highly celebrated in the early '60s and he continued to obtain National Institute of Mental Health funding, he decided to take a great risk by saving his NIMH money to launch a prospective longitudinal study, which would be so difficult and expensive that his colleagues at the time thought it was chimerical.

Mednick, along with his student Thomas McNeil, proposed, in a classic monograph, to study persons at risk for schizophrenia before they fell ill, by studying children of women with schizophrenia (who are sixteen more times likely to develop schizophrenia). While at the University of Michigan, he set up a study in Denmark (through an institute he helped develop), because Denmark has a central mental health register, adoption register, death register, and various means of tracing subjects across generations. In addition, because it is a homogeneous and stable population, it is easy to trace subjects over time. His study, far from being chimerical, led to a number of critical discoveries in the field.

A recent Documentary entitled "The Search for Myself" alleges the Danish study was a CIA-funded experiment in which the 311 orphaned children were tortured in violation of the Nuremberg Code of 1947.

The Copenhagen High Risk for Schizophrenia study
At the time the High-Risk-for-Schizophrenia study began, in 1962, the offspring of the women with schizophrenia were average age 15 and had not come into the risk period for schizophrenia. (See a review by Cannon and Mednick, 1993.) By the early eighties, many of the study's subjects had fallen ill with schizophrenia. Colleagues and students of Mednick began to examine the association between schizophrenia outcomes and earlier risk factors. Perhaps the first study to support Kraepelin's notion of dementia praecox (that persons with schizophrenia had early dementia), was a study that showed that offspring of those with schizophrenia who had the most serious symptomatology had enlarged ventricles on CT scans suggestive of brain atrophy. In a study by Silverton et al. those with the most severe schizophrenia symptoms on outcome had low birthweights decades before. Their hypothesis that low birthweight might be associated with insults in utero was corroborated. In a follow-up study, the authors tested the notion that schizophrenia is the result of a genetic by environmental interaction, that is that insults in utero may be specifically stressful to persons with a brain vulnerability to schizophrenia.  In a follow-up study,  Leigh Silverton and Sarnoff Mednick at the University of Southern California hypothesized an interaction between genetic risk for schizophrenia might be most vulnerable to insults in utero. This would be considered a gene X environment interaction, a model for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia that Silverton and Mednick began working on in the early eighties. The authors conducted another study  in which they separated subjects into high-risk and "super-high risk" and measured the interaction between genetic risk and birthweight in its effect on ventricular-brain ratio. They found that those most vulnerable to low birthweight, a variable representing subtle birth difficulties in utero, were most likely to have early cerebral ventricular enlargement on CT-scans. At the time, the idea both that schizophrenia was a brain disease and that it could represent a gene x environment interaction was novel. This was possibly the first study to support the notion that earlier findings of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia were not only etiologically significant but related to early environmental factors (such as pregnancy and birth complications or in utero insults), and that pathogenesis was related to factors that could be prevented. A study by Cannon, Mednick, and Parnas (1989) also showed an interaction between perinatal insults (an environmental factor) and very high genetic risk for schizophrenia in determining brain deficits in schizophrenia.

Other factors associated with breaking down with schizophrenia were shown by Elaine Walker and Robert Cudeck along with Mednick to be separation for parents (even mothers with schizophrenia) if it led to institutionalization. The outcome of the High-Risk-for-Schizophrenia study showed that it was the interaction between genetics and environment that accounted for schizophrenia. It also suggested that the final common pathway to schizophrenia is expressed as a brain disease.

Before the High Risk for Schizophrenia study, a theory that poverty caused schizophrenia developed because persons with schizophrenia were found in the most impoverished regions of the city. Silverton and Mednick hypothesized, on the other hand that those with schizophrenia drifted into the lower classes as their disease caused a cognitive disability and therefore difficulty working.  In a 1984 study, they found that high risk subjects matched for socioeconomic status at birth drifted into lower social classes as the result (rather than the cause) of schizophrenia

In a 2008 reassessment of the High Risk sample by Leigh Silverton and Sarnoff A. Mednick (supported by a grant to Silverton from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention) Silverton, Mednick, Holst and John showed a very high relative rate of suicide in those at high risk for schizophrenia. They also showed that although those with schizophrenia may drift into lower social class regions, those of higher social class origins develop schizophrenia suicide at a higher rate than those from lower social classes. The authors reasoned the although schizophrenia may largely be a brain disease, the response to cognitive impairments caused by the disorder may be harder for those from a higher initial social classes and therefore higher self-expectations.

Studies of criminal behavior
In a groundbreaking study in psychopathy or criminal behavior, Mednick, William Gabrielli, and Barry Hutching in an article for Science showed anti-social behavior to have a genetic component, at least in relation to property crimes. Using an adoption paradigm, the authors found no correlation between criminal conviction in the adoptive parents and their children, but there was a correlation between biological father conviction and child conviction. The authors stressed that genetic influences do not mean that anti-social behavior is completely genetically determined, but that it has a genetic component. Earlier in his career, Mednick had hypothesized that autonomic under-arousal may be a genetic factor predisposing to anti-social behavior because under-arousal slows the socialization process.

He helped develop a New Zealand cohort with one of his most notable students at the University of Southern California, Terrie Moffitt, a full professor at Duke University who has developed her own theories of genetic X environmental interactions in the genesis of anti-social behavior.

Personal life
The son of Jewish parents who had immigrated to the United States from Ukraine, Mednick was born on Jan. 27, 1928, and raised in the Bronx in New York City. His mother Fanny Bronstein Mednick, a former factory worker, was a homemaker and his father Harry Mednick worked in his uncles’ hat- and cap-making business during the day and as an insurance salesman at night, later training as a television repairman.

Mednick was married to Martha Mednick and then to Birgitte Mednick, both professors. Birgitte died in 2008; Martha in 2020. He had four children: Amy (a writer); Lisa, a musician (with Martha Mednick); Sara Mednick, a professor with expertise in sleep and dreaming; and Thor, an art historian and professor (with Birgitte Mednick).  He was born in New York City and died in Toledo, Ohio.

References

External links
 Recent publications
 Scirus hits
 Faculty page

1928 births
2015 deaths
20th-century American psychologists
University of Southern California faculty
University of Michigan faculty


KQNG may refer to:

 KQNG (AM), a defunct radio station (720 AM) formerly licensed to serve Kekaha, Hawaii, United States
 KQNG-FM, a radio station (93.5 FM) licensed to serve Lihue, Hawaii
 KUAI, a radio station (570 AM) licensed to serve Eleele, Hawaii, which held the call sign KQNG from 1987 to 2015


"Until You Suffer Some (Fire and Ice)" is a song by American hard rock band Poison. It was released as the second single from their 1993 album, Native Tongue. The song peaked at number 32 on the UK Singles Chart.

Background
The single features a remix version called the "Ice Mix" as a B-side track. The song also features a music video which has the band performing the song in a bar.

Track listings
7-inch single
 "Until You Suffer Some (Fire and Ice)"
 "Bastard Son of a Thousand Blues"

12-inch single
 "Until You Suffer Some (Fire and Ice)" – 4:14
 "Stand" (acoustic mix) – 4:12
 "Bastard Son of a Thousand Blues" – 4:56
 "Until You Suffer Some (Fire and Ice)" (Ice mix) – 4:12

Charts

References

Poison (American band) songs
1993 singles
1993 songs
Capitol Records singles
Song recordings produced by Richie Zito
Songs written by Bobby Dall
Songs written by Bret Michaels
Songs written by Richie Kotzen
Songs written by Rikki Rockett


Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP was a global law firm headquartered in New York City, United States. Some of the firm's leaders were indicted for fraud for their role in allegedly cooking the company's books to obtain loans while hiding the firm's financial plight. The firm was formed in 2007 through the merger of Dewey Ballantine and LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae. Dewey & LeBoeuf was known for its corporate, insurance, litigation, tax, and restructuring practices. At the time of its bankruptcy filing, it employed over 1,000 lawyers in 26 offices around the world.

In 2012, the firm's financial difficulties and indebtedness became public. In the same period, many partners departed, and the Manhattan District Attorney's office began to investigate alleged false statements by firm chairman Steven Davis. As a result of these difficulties, Dewey & LeBoeuf filed for bankruptcy in New York on May 28, 2012.

On March 6, 2014, the former chairman, chief financial officer, and the executive director of Dewey & LeBoeuf were indicted on charges of grand larceny by the Manhattan District Attorney.

Thomas Mullikin, former controller, agreed to pay $8,635.78 in disgorgement and interest costs.

History
Dewey & LeBoeuf was created on October 1, 2007, through the combination of two venerable New York-based firms, Dewey Ballantine and LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae.

Dewey Ballantine

The law firm that would be known for years as the Root Clark firm, and thereafter as Dewey Ballantine, began in 1909. In that year, three recent graduates of Harvard Law School, Grenville Clark, Francis W. Bird, and Elihu Root Jr., established a law partnership on Wall Street, named Root, Clark & Bird. Bird soon left the firm, and it became known as Root & Clark; family connections led to a thriving practice in high financial circles. In 1913, Root & Clark merged with the firm of Buckner & Howland, the practice of Emory R. Buckner and Silas W. Howland, to form Root, Clark, Buckner & Howland.

In 1919, Arthur A. Ballantine joined the firm, becoming a named partner in 1925. Also in 1925, Buckner left to become the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and the firm was now known as Root, Clark, Howland & Ballantine.

During the Great Depression, the firm started focusing on bankruptcy and reorganizations. With the New Deal, it built a regulatory practice. The firm also had a corporate practice, serving clients such as AT&T and Standard Oil. The firm expanded from 8 to 74 associates and opened a second office in Washington, D.C.

In 1946, four Root, Clark partners, including George E. Cleary, Leo Gottlieb, Henry Friendly, and Melvin C. Steen departed and along with Hugh Cox and Fowler Hamilton founded Cleary, Gottlieb, Friendly & Cox, the predecessor of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton.

In 1955, politician Thomas E. Dewey became a partner at the firm, which was renamed Dewey, Ballantine, Bushby, Palmer & Wood. Under Dewey and Ballantine's leadership, the firm attracted new clients, such as General Motors, Morgan Stanley, and Mobil Oil.

Dewey Ballantine attempted a merger with Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe, which failed in early 2007.

On October 1, 2007, Dewey Ballantine merged with LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae.

LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae

From its beginnings in 1929, LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae was known for its representation of energy and public utility companies, and from 1965, when it was selected as U.S. counsel for Lloyd's of London, it became a preeminent law firm advising insurance companies. It was this that led to the opening of the London office in 1978.

The firm was founded by Randall J. LeBoeuf Jr., who was born in Albany, New York, in 1897. While still in solo practice in 1929, LeBoeuf became general counsel to the Niagara Hudson Power Company and the Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA). As his workload increased, LeBoeuf recruited his friend Bill Winston from an Albany law firm to form the partnership LeBoeuf & Winston on October 7, 1929, just before the U.S. stock market collapsed. Within six months, the new partnership had established itself at 15 Broad Street, New York City, where it shared offices with Niagara Hudson Power.

Horace Lamb joined the partnership in 1934 to enhance its expertise in a wider variety of legal matters. Characterized as an aggressive litigator, Lamb came to the firm after working for the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice as well as in private practice. Lamb soon became a named partner at the firm.

In 1952 Adrian C. Leiby, joined, bringing experience in corporate securities and finances. The firm was renamed LeBoeuf, Lamb & Leiby.

Anticipating the creation of the Atomic Energy Commission to regulate the new civilian use of fission plants, LeBoeuf opened its first branch office in 1952 in Washington, D.C. to help utilities license nuclear plants.

Cameron F. MacRae Jr., a top public utility lawyer, joined in 1958. In 1959, Randall LeBoeuf became the special assistant attorney general representing New York in a water rights dispute.

The firm lost three of its named partners in short succession in the 1970s: Randall LeBoeuf in 1975, Adrian Leiby in 1976, and Horace Lamb in 1977. Cameron MacRae, who had been formally installed as presiding partner in 1970, remained at the firm, which had become known as LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby & MacRae.

The firm developed an ambitious growth strategy in the 1970s through the 1990s. As a result, it expanded to become an international law firm with offices not only in the U.S. but also in London, Paris, Moscow, Riyadh, Beijing, and Hong Kong. By early 2007, LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae had approximately 650 attorneys in 19 offices around the world. On October 1, 2007, the firm merged with Dewey Ballantine.

Financial difficulties and bankruptcy
Dewey & LeBoeuf originally reported a revenue increase for 2011 to $935 million, up 25 million from a reported figure of $910 million for 2010. In early 2012, Richard Shutran, a senior partner at the firm, admitted in interviews that the revenue numbers publicly reported used a "different" method acknowledging the controversy, stating, "They’re just not comparable numbers. That’s something people like to pick on."

This statement resulted in a downward revision of Dewey's revenue numbers over the previous two years in The American Lawyer.  The firm then retained bankruptcy counsel, and began to consider a pre-packaged bankruptcy filing.

In conjunction with the financial problems, a large number of partners had been leaving in 2012. Of the approximate 1,100 lawyers in the firm, about 190 were considered equity partners. In 2012 through May 12, approximately 200 of the 300 total partners had left the firm.

On April 27, the firm announced that it would cancel its 2012 summer associate program. On April 30, the firm's leadership advised partners to seek employment elsewhere.

On May 4, the firm sent "conditional advance notice" to all US employees under the Federal WARN Act that their employment may be terminated. The letter advised all employees of their rights under Federal and New York State law in the event of termination. The letter provided the firm's first formal acknowledgement to employees that the firm could ultimately close.

The five members of Dewey's office of the chairman committee left by mid-May. In bankruptcy, corporate restructuring company Zolfo Cooper managed the firm's New York office, and accounting firm BDO International administered the London office.

On August 18, 2014, the firm made a settlement worth $4.5 million for a class action suit alleging the firm laid off workers in the final days without the notice required under the New York state and federal Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Acts. There were no objections to the settlement since it was disseminated following the judge's preliminary approval in June 2014, according to the attorneys of the 425-member class and for the firm.

On October 19, 2015, following 21 days of deliberation, a deadlocked jury in Manhattan declared a mistrial in the case against three former senior attorneys, Steven H. Davis, Stephen DiCarmine, and Joel Sanders, who had been accused of conspiring to manipulate financial records with a purpose to defraud various financial institutions during the financial crisis.  A jury ultimately convicted Sanders on three counts relating to the accusations in a 2017 retrial against Sanders and DiCarmine; however, DiCarmine was acquitted of the same charges.

Pro bono activities
Dewey & LeBoeuf maintained a strong commitment to pro bono service, and its attorneys devoted tens of thousands of hours every year to public service projects around the world across a range of areas, including housing, civil rights, voting rights, education, criminal trials and appeals, entertainment and the arts, family law and domestic violence, immigration and asylum, not-for-profit and small business advice, and animal rights.

 In September 2009, Dewey & LeBoeuf agreed to act on a pro bono basis for Caster Semenya, the South African track athlete, to protect her civil and human rights in connection with the controversial gender testing to which she was subjected.
 A team headed by Dewey partners Jeffrey Kessler, Marco Consonni and David Feher represented, on a pro bono basis, Oscar Pistorius, a South African double amputee runner who was seeking to qualify for the 400 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics, but was banned by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) from participating.

Notable cases
In September 2009, Dewey & LeBoeuf advised on two major M&A transactions. The firm played a leading role on Walt Disney's $4 billion cash and stock acquisition of Marvel Entertainment, a deal that gives Disney the rights to more than 5,000 Marvel characters, including Iron Man and the Incredible Hulk. A team of Dewey & LeBoeuf lawyers also advised eBay in the company's agreement to sell a 65 percent stake of its Skype communications unit to a group of private investors, led by the Silicon Valley private equity firm Silver Lake Partners, in a deal valuing the business at $2.75 billion. The firm has also represented billionaire Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban against the Securities and Exchange Commission's accusations of insider trading.

Notable alumni
This list primarily represents alumni of predecessor firms.

Herbert Brownell Jr., Attorney General of the United States under President Dwight D. Eisenhower
Emory Buckner, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York and one of the architects of the modern Wall Street legal culture
Joseph A. Califano Jr., Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, general counsel of the United States Army and Chairman of the Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University
George E. Cleary, Leo Gottlieb and Melvin C. Steen, founding partners of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton
Thomas E. Dewey, noted prosecutor, Governor of New York (1943–1954) and twice Republican candidate for the U.S. Presidency (1944 and 1948)
Henry Friendly, Chief Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom
Lloyd K. Garrison, name partner of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison
John Marshall Harlan II, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
Frank Iacobucci, Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada
Richard Owen, U.S. District Court Judge, Southern District of New York
Robert P. Patterson and Vanderbilt Webb, founding partners of Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler
Francis T.P. Plimpton, founding partner of Debevoise & Plimpton
Elihu Root Jr., founder. Son of Elihu Root noted American lawyer and statesman, United States Secretary of State, United States Secretary of War, U.S. Senator from New York, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
Marshall Skadden, Leslie Arps and John Slate, founding partners of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom
Charles Sifton, U.S. District Court Judge, Eastern District of New York
Michael Steele, Chairman of the Republican National Committee
David Zaslav, media executive, CEO of Warner Bros. Discovery

References

External links
Official website

Law firms based in New York City
Law firms established in 2007
Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2012
American companies established in 2007
Defunct companies based in New York City
Defunct law firms of the United States
Law firms disestablished in 2012
2012 disestablishments in New York (state)
2007 establishments in New York City
American companies disestablished in 2012


Armada Towers () is a complex of three skyscrapers in Jumeirah Lake Towers (JLT) Dubai Multi Commodities Centre Free Zone being built is opposite to the Dubai Marina and next to the Emirates Golf Club in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is a mixed purpose community with both residential, hotel, hospital and commercial units.

General
Armada Towers is one of Armada Group projects in the UAE. The construction contract was awarded to CSHK and the total cost of the project estimated to be over AED 1 Billion (US$300 Million). The construction began in early 2005 and was completed in 2009.

The Towers was designed by Adnan Saffarini.

Armada Tower 1

Located in Cluster P, plot 1. Armada Tower 1 has 36 floors and stand at .

Armada Tower 2

Located in Cluster P, plot 2. Armada Tower 2 is the taller of the three, standing at  with 40 floors. which is mixed commercial building with international companies/organizations running their regional operations such as Aramco Subsidiaries, Armada Group, Armada BlueBay Hotel, Armada Hospital, Saint Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance, in addition to retail outlets like Armada Pharmacy, Mythos Kouzina & Grill (Greek restaurant) and Nola Eatery & Social House (New Orleans Bar).

Armada Tower 3

Located in cluster P, plot 3. Armada Tower 3 has 36 floors and stand at . Armada Tower 3 is a Luxury Residential Tower providing Apartments in Jumeirah Lakes Towers. There are number of retail shops operating out of the same building such as Zaiyna Laundry & Dry Cleaning, Costa Coffee, MMI, Cavallo Nero Gents Salon.

Photo gallery

See also

 List of tallest buildings in Dubai

External links
 http://www.armadatowers.com
 http://www.armadaholding.com

References

Residential buildings completed in 2009
Skyscraper hotels in Dubai
Skyscraper office buildings in Dubai
Residential skyscrapers in Dubai


William H. Sewell Jr. (born 1940 in Stillwater, Oklahoma) is an American academic. He is the Frank P. Hixon Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of History and Political Science at the University of Chicago.

Family
Sewell is the son of William H. Sewell, a sociologist who served as the chancellor of the University of Wisconsin-Madison from 1967 to 1968.

Career
Sewell received his B.A. in history from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1962 and his Ph.D. in history from the University of California, Berkeley in 1971. His dissertation was titled "The Structure of the Working Class of Marseille in the Middle of the Nineteenth Century," and his advisor was the historian Hans Rosenberg. His first teaching position was in the history department at the University of Chicago from 1969 to 1975. He was a long-term member of the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, from 1975 to 1980. He taught in the history department at the University of Arizona from 1980 to 1985 and in the history and sociology departments at the University of Michigan from 1985 to 1990, when he returned to the University of Chicago. He has made contributions in the areas of modern French labor, social, cultural and political history, the history of capitalism, and social and cultural theory.

Selected publications

Books
Work and Revolution in France: The Language of Labor from the Old Regime to 1848 (Cambridge University Press, 1980).
Structure and Mobility: The Men and Women of Marseille, 1820-1870 (Cambridge University Press 1985).A Rhetoric of Bourgeois Revolution: The Abbé Sieyes and "What Is the Third Estate?" (Duke University Press, 1994).Silence and Voice in Contentious Politics (joint author) (Cambridge University Press, 2001).Logics of History: Social Theory and Social Transformation (University of Chicago Press, 2005).Capitalism and the Emergence of Civic Equality in Eighteenth Century France (University of Chicago Press, 2021).

 Articles and chapters
"Marc Bloch and the Logic of Comparative History," History and Theory 6:2 (1967): 208-18
"Etat, Corps and Ordre: Some Notes on the Social Vocabulary of the French Old Regime," in H. U. Wehler, ed., Sozialgeschichte Heute: Festschrift für Hans Rosenberg zum 70 Geburtstag (Göttingen, 1974), 49-68.
"Social Change and the Rise of Working-Class Politics in Nineteenth Century Marseille," Past and Present, 65 (November, 1974): 75-109.
"Ideologies and Social Revolutions: Reflections on the French Case", Journal of Modern History 57 (March 1985): 57-85.
"Visions of Labor: Illustrations of the Mechanical Arts Before, In, and After Diderot's Encyclopédie." in Steven Kaplan and Cynthia Koepp, eds., Work in France: Place, Practice, Organization, and Meaning (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1986), 258-86.
"Uneven Development, the Autonomy of Politics and the Dockworkers of Nineteenth-Century Marseille," American Historical Review 93 (June 1988): 604-37.
"Le Citoyen, La Citoyenne: Activity, Passivity and the French Revolutionary Concept of Citizenship," in Colin Lucas, ed., The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, vol. 2, Political Culture of the French Revolution (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1988), 105-25.
"Beyond 1793: Babeuf, Louis Blanc and the Genealogy of 'Social Revolution,'" in François Furet and Mona Ozouf, eds., The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, vol. 3, The French Revolution and Modern Political Culture, 1789-1848 (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1989), 509-526
“How Classes Are Made: Critical Reflections on E. P. Thompson's Theory of Class Formation,” in E. P. Thompson: Critical Debates, ed. by Harvey J. Kaye and Keith McClelland (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990), 50-77.
"Beyond 1793: Babeuf, Louis Blanc and the Genealogy of 'Social Revolution,'" in François Furet and Mona Ozouf, eds., The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, vol. 3, The French Revolution and Modern Political Culture, 1789-1848 (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1989), 509-526.
"Toward a Post-Materialist Rhetoric for Labor History," in Rethinking Labor History: Essays on Discourse and Class Analysis, ed. by Lenard R. Berlanstein (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993), 15-38.
"A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation," American Journal of Sociology 98 (July 1992): 1-29.
"The Sans-Culotte Rhetoric of Subsistence," in Keith M. Baker and Colin Lucas, ed., The Terror in the French Revolution (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1994), 249-269.
"Three Temporalities: Toward an Eventful Sociology," in Terrence J. McDonald, ed., The Historic Turn in the Human Sciences (Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press, 1996), 245-80.
"Historical Events as Transformations of Structures: Inventing Revolution at the Bastille," Theory and Society 25 (1996): 841-881.
"Geertz, Cultural Systems, and History: From Synchrony to Transformation," Representations 59 (1997): 35-55.
"The Concept(s) of Culture," in Victoria Bonnell and Lynn Hunt, eds., Beyond the Cultural Turn: New Directions in the Study of Society and Culture (University of California Press, 1999), 35-61.
“Space in Contentious Politics,” in Ronald Aminzade, Doug McAdam, Elizabeth Perry, William H. Sewell, Jr., Sidney Tarrow, and Charles Tilly, Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2001), 51-89.
“It's About Time: Temporality in the Study of Social Movements and Revolutions” (with Doug McAdam), in Aminzade, et al., Silence and Voice in the Study of Contentious Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2001),  8
"The French Revolution and the Emergence of the Nation Form," in Michael Morrison and Melinda Zook eds., Revolutionary Currents: Transatlantic Ideology and Nationbuilding, 1688-1821'' (Rowman and Littlefield, 2004), 91–125.
“The Temporalities of Capitalism,” Socio-Economic Review 6 (2008): 517–37.
“From State-Centrism to Neoliberalism: Macro-Historical Contexts of Population Health Since World War II,” in Peter Hall and Michèle Lamont, eds.,  Successful Societies: Institutions, Cultural Repertories, and Health (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), 254–87.
“A Strange Career: The Historical Study of Economic Life,” History and Theory 49 (December 2010): 146–66.
“Economic Crises and the Shape of Modern History,” Public Culture 24, 2 (2012): 303–27.
“Neoliberalism: Policy Regimes, International Regimes, and Social Effects,” (with Peter Evans), in Peter Hall and Michèle Lamont, eds.,  Social Resilience in the Neoliberal Era (Cambridge University Press, 2013), 35–68.
"Connecting Capitalism to the French Revolution: The Parisian Promenade and the Origins of Civic Equality in Eighteenth Century France” Critical Historical Studies" 1,1 (2014): 5-46.
“The Capitalist Epoch,” Social Science History 38: 1-2 (2014), 1–11.

References

External links
 University of Chicago faculty page

1940 births
Living people
People from Stillwater, Oklahoma
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
Trustees of the Institute for Advanced Study
University of Chicago faculty
Writers from Chicago
Writers from Oklahoma
Writers from Wisconsin


Kentucky Route 185 is a north–south state highway traversing four counties in west-central Kentucky.

Route description

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KY 185 begins on Gordon Avenue at a junction with the concurrently running US 68/KY 80 just north of downtown Bowling Green. After crossing the Barren River, it continues north to intersect KY 526 and KY 263 just southeast of Richardsville before passing through Anna.

Immediately after its junction with KY 1749, KY 185 bridges the Green River upon entry into the easternmost portion of Butler County near Reedyville. Just before entering the northwestern portion of Edmonson County, KY 185 crosses KY 70 at an all-way intersection in the community of Roundhill.

After this junction, KY 185 continues north, crossing the Butler–Edmonson County line three times on its way to the Big Reedy community. It then passes into Grayson County, where it traverses the Western Kentucky Parkway via an overpass, shortly before reaching its northern terminus in the city of Caneyville at a junction with US 62 and KY 79.

History
KY 185 originally crossed the Green River by way of Honaker's Ferry near Glenmore until 1962, when KY 185 was rerouted onto the then-newly-built Elmer White Bridge.

KY 185's run within Warren County was originally Kentucky Route 67 from the 1930s until the discontinuation of the Bear Creek Ferry around 1967/68. KY 185's original south end was just west of Glenmore. The original KY 67 ran KY 185's present routing in Warren County, and then it turned northeast to meet the ferry and enters Edmonson County near Segal and ended at a junction with KY 70 in Windyville. The ferry provided a more direct route from Bowling Green to western Edmonson County. In the early 1950s, KY 185 was extended to follow a path from the Glenmore area to a junction with U.S. Route 31W at Bristow, near the present-day location of Warren East High School. After the decommissioning of the Bear Creek Ferry and KY 67 around 1969/70, KY 185 in Warren County was rerouted to its current routing; the old route became KY 1037 (removed 1982). In 2002, the current Kentucky Route 67 was redesignated to the Industrial Parkway in Boyd and Greenup Counties in northeastern Kentucky just west of Ashland.

From 1967/68 until around 2010, KY 185's southern terminus was at US 68's junction with Kentucky Route 234 near the L&N Depot in Bowling Green. KY 185 was truncated to its current south terminus when US 68/KY 80 was rerouted onto the Vietnam Veterans Blvd (originally KY 880), and the other US 68 alignment was re-designated as US 68 Business.

Major intersections

Points of interest along the route
WBKO/WBGS-LD/WKYU-TV transmission facilities and tower
Shanty Hollow Lake near Anna (Ky. Dept. Of Fish & Wildlife)
Big Reedy Christian Camp, Reedyville
The Corner Market at Roundhill

References

External links

Kentucky Route 185 News

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Fish and Elephant () is documentary filmmaker and former TV hostess Li Yu's feature film directorial debut. The film is also often referred to as the first Chinese mainland film to broach the topic of lesbian relationships in China.

The story follows the elephant keeper in the Beijing Zoo who maintains an aquarium of fish in her home (hence the two-animal title), and her lesbian lover, a fabric saleswoman in an outdoor market. Her relationship is tested, however, when her recently divorced mother returns to town in the hope of setting her daughter up in marriage. Further complicating matters is one of Xiaoqun's ex-lovers also returning to her life with the law in pursuit.

The film was produced by Cheng Yong Productions and was an "underground" production (in that it was not made with official support). Moreover, the film was cast entirely with non-professional actors and actresses.

Cast
 Pan Yi as Xiaoqun, the elephant keeper at the Beijing Zoo.
 Shitou as Xiaoling, Xiaoqun's girlfriend, she sells clothes she makes in a market stall.
 Zhang Qianqian as Junjun, Xiaoqun's ex-girlfriend. She re-enters Xiaoqun's life a fugitive, wanted for the murder of her father.
 Zhang Jilian as Xiaoqun's mother, a divorcee who is unaware of her daughter's sexual orientation. She attempts to set her daughter up on a series of blind dates.

Production
Filmed on an almost-square 16 mm format, Fish and Elephant was the first feature film by Li Yu, who had previously directed several documentaries, including 1997's Sisters, a film which had run into state interference.

Casting by Li Yu was done entirely with non-professionals. The two leads, Xiaoqun (Pan Yi) and Xiaoling (Shitou), were cast after Li began visiting various lesbian bars in Beijing. Similarly, several of the film's "blind dates" were based on actual dates set up by Li through classified ads. The men's reactions upon Xiaoqun revealing her sexual orientation therefore are entirely natural and accurate. Some have reported that this focus on amateurs was only partially by choice, in that Li had been unable to sign on established talent due to the controversial script and story.

Release

International and domestic film festivals
Once the film's production was complete, it faced several challenges before it could be seen by audiences. Due to its underground status, Li Yu did not have the support of the Chinese authorities. An attempt to deliver a print to the Venice Film Festival in 2001 led to it being lost. Later screenings, therefore, like at the Toronto Film Festival, for example, had to be on videotape instead of a film reel. Fortunately for Li, copies of Fish and Elephant eventually managed to screen at over 70 different film festivals around the world.

However, it was shown only once in Mainland China at an LGBT film festival that was quickly shut down by authorities.

DVD release
Fish and Elephant was released on DVD in the United States by the LGBT-focused distributor, Ariztical Entertainment on May 23, 2006. The edition features the original Mandarin-language dialogue and includes English subtitles.

Reception
Upon its dissemination to international audiences, Fish and Elephant was praised for being groundbreaking in subject matter, but mediocre in execution. Time Out New York, for example,
though generally positive in its praise also noted that there was "nothing here to surprise western viewers." Chinese film critic Shelly Kraicer, meanwhile, analyzed the film and concluded, "[Fish and Elephant's] flaws are those, entirely forgivable, of a first film, of a novice director who really wants to try to cram all of her ideas into one work." The film's release was similarly noted by the film criticism website Senses of Cinema, which stated that, "Fish and Elephant might be overlooked by film festivals in favour of other more glossy underground Chinese films produced this year...", but the author would nonetheless "recommend it and will keep an eye out for [Li Yu's] future works."

Awards and nominations
 2001 Venice Film Festival
 Winner of the Elvira Notari Prize
 2002 Berlin International Film Festival
 Winner of the Best Asian Film Prize at Forum of New Cinema
 NETPAC Special Mention

See also
East Palace, West Palace - director Zhang Yuan's 1996 film, often referred to as the first homosexual-themed film out of mainland China.
 Homosexuality in China

References

External links

2001 films
Films directed by Li Yu
2000s Mandarin-language films
Chinese LGBT-related films
Lesbian-related films
2001 drama films
Films set in Beijing
2001 directorial debut films
Chinese drama films
2000s Chinese films


A trierarchy () was a type of obligation called a liturgy, a debt similar to a tax on the very wealthy in Ancient Athens.  The person (or persons) up on whom the duty fell is called a trierarch.  The trierarch was responsible for the outfitting, maintenance, operation and leadership of a warship known as a trireme, the hull and mast of the ship being provided by the State.  The responsibility might fall on one person or be shared, in which case it was known as a syntrierarchy.  The cost of a whole trierarchy was not less than forty minas nor more than a talent with the average being 50 minas.  The burden of the trierarchy was so great that during some years no other liturgy could be assessed in the same or the following year.

Four eras of trierarchy
The trierarchy's can be divided into four distinct eras, each having a distinct time period and   obligation and implementation.

First trierarchy
The beginning of the trierarchy dates from before the time of Hippias (460 BCE).  Starting with the 48 naucrarias of Solon (638–558 BCE) and the 50 naucrarias of Cleisthenes each naucraria was obliged to equip a ship.  When the naval force was gradually increased to 200 vessels, the number at sea at the time of the Battle of Salamis, the trierarchs also became more numerous.

Second trierarchy
The second form began in 409 BCE. It was during this time the trierarchy began being shared by more than one trierarch, this arrangement known as a syntrierarchy may have been because there were not enough citizens of sufficient wealth to support the 400 triremes in use every year.  The command of the ship would be as worked out between the two, amongst themselves.  The ships improvements that had been funded by a previous trierarch were often left with the ship with the new trierarch(s) being responsible to reimburse the previous trierarch for the improvements.

Third trierarchy
The third form was established by Periander and lasted from 357 to 341 BCE.  During this period up to 16 individuals might form a trierarchy known as a symmoria.  They would share the burden in equal shares regardless of their actual wealth. The supervision of the whole business would be left to the wealthiest individual, who would often contract a commander for the whole sum from their colleagues so that many in reality paid nothing and yet were exempted by the trierarchy from all other liturgies.

Fourth trierarchy
Demosthenes, well aware of the defects of the third form or symmoria, brought forward a new law in 340 BCE that improved the funding and operation of the trierarchy.  The trierarchy were rated for a trireme according to their property as stated in the register in such a manner that one trireme was required from 10 talents. If their wealth was valued at a higher than 10 talents  they would be assigned up to three triremes and one auxiliary vessel.  Those who had less than 10 talents were to unite in syntelia until they made up that sum.

References

External links
 "T" Classic Technology Center (includes a Hear it wav of "trierarchy")

Navy of ancient Athens
Taxation in ancient Athens


Ricardo is a small census-designated place in Kleberg County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 1,048.

Located on U.S. Highway 77 between Kingsville and Riviera, it consists of a farmers co-op, a convenience store, and an elementary/junior high school. The school's mascot is a Yellow Jacket. Since there is no high school, students either attend Kaufer High School in Riviera, Academy High School in Kingsville, or Henrietta M. King High School in Kingsville.

See also
Kingsville micropolitan area

References

Census-designated places in Kleberg County, Texas
Census-designated places in Texas
Kingsville, Texas micropolitan area


Peire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (fl. 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short vida, he was "honoured by all the notable men."

Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of Toulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. "Peire Bremon" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means "the Wrong"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas.

Peire's earlier poem, , was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved domna (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem  upon his arrival in the Orient. It was addressed, however, not to his lady herself, but to , that is, William of Montferrat, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon. The poem contains the earliest mention of William by his famous nickname, "Longsword". The date of the poem can be set by the dates when William was known to be in the Holy Land: October 1176 – July 1177.
Chanzos, tu.t n'iras outra mar,
e, per Deu, vai a midons dir
qu'en gran dolor et en cossir
me fai la nuoit e.l jorn estar.
di.m a'n Guilhelm Longa-Espia,
bona chanzos, qu'el li.t dia
e que i an per lieis confortar.
Peire claims in the second tornada of this poem to have written it while in the service of Filippe de Monreal, who is probably Philip of Milly, a Crusader baron known to have held the castle of Montréal for a time.

Sources
Egan, Margarita, ed. The Vidas of the Troubadours. New York: Garland, 1984. .
Riquer, Martín de. Los trovadores: historia literaria y textos. 3 vol. Barcelona: Planeta, 1975.

Notes

12th-century French troubadours
Medieval writers about the Crusades
People from Vienne, Isère


North Karachi or New Karachi () is a town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. North Karachi is located between the Lyari River, the Manghopir Hills and two major roads - Surjani Road to the north and Shahrah-e-Zahid Hussain to the south. To the north and west lies Gadap Town, and to the south lie the towns of Gulberg and North Nazimabad. The population of North Karachi Town was estimated to be about 500,000 at the 1998 census. In 2005, the projected  population crossed the 1 million count.  There are several ethnic groups including Muhajirs, Punjabis, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras, Ismailis, etc. The North Karachi Town comprises Abu Zar Ghaffari Colony, Faisal Colony, Fatima Jinnah Colony, Godhra, Gulshan-e-Saeed, Hakim Colony Ahsan Colony, Kalyana Town, Shadman Town,  Khamiso Goth, Khawaja Ajmeer Nagri, Madina Colony, Shah Nawaz Bhutto Colony etc.  The Famous Chowrangi, namely Nagan Chowrangi, is also located in North Karachi Town. The Green Line Bus route also covers many areas of North Karachi.

Administratively, North Karachi comes under district 'Central' of Karachi.

References

External links
 Official Karachi Website

Neighbourhoods of Karachi
North Nazimabad Town