The 1989–90 season was the 81st year of football played by Dundee United, and covers the period from 1 July 1989 to 30 June 1990. United finished in fourth place, securing European football on the final day of the season.

Match results
Dundee United played a total of 47 competitive matches during the 1989–90 season. The team finished fourth in the Scottish Premier Division.

In the cup competitions, United lost in the semi-final of the Tennent's Scottish Cup to eventual winners Aberdeen and lost in the Skol Cup third round to Hamilton.

Legend

All results are written with Dundee United's score first.

Premier Division

Tennent's Scottish Cup

Skol Cup

UEFA Cup

Player details
During the 1989–90 season, United used 25 different players comprising five nationalities. Maurice Malpas was the only player to play in every match. The table below shows the number of appearances and goals scored by each player.

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Goalscorers
United had 13 players score with the team scoring 50 goals in total. The top goalscorer was Mixu Paatelainen, who finished the season with nine goals.

Discipline
During the 1989–90 season, one United player was sent off. Statistics for cautions are unavailable.

Team statistics

League table

Transfers

In
The club signed three players during the season with a total public cost of just over £600,000.

Out
Four players were sold by the club during the season with a public total of just over £1m. The club made a profit of around £400k from transfers during the season.

Loans out
One player was loaned out during the season.

Playing kit

The jerseys were sponsored by Belhaven for a third season.

See also
 1989–90 in Scottish football

References

External links
 Glenrothes Arabs 1989–90 season review

1989-90
Scottish football clubs 1989–90 season


Lento may refer to:

 Lento (skipper), a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae
 Lento, Haute-Corse, a French commune located on the island of Corsica
 Lento speech, a relatively slow manner of speaking

Music
 Lento (band), an Italian instrumental metal band; see Ufomammut
 Lento (Harmaja album)
 Lento (music), a tempo indication meaning "slow"
 Lento (Na Yoon-sun album)
 Lento (Skempton), an orchestral composition by Howard Skempton
 "Lento" (Lauren Jauregui and Tainy song)
 "Lento" (Julieta Venegas song)
 "Lento" (RBD song)
 "Lento" (Sara Tunes song)
 "Lento" (Thalía song)


The investment function is a summary of the variables that influence the levels of aggregate investments. It can be formalized as follows:

I=f(r,ΔY,q)
 - + +
where r is the real interest rate, Y the GDP and q is Tobin's q. The signs under the variables simply tell us if the variable influences investment in a positive or negative way (for instance, if real interest rates were to rise, investments would correspondingly fall).

The reason for investment being inversely related to the Interest rate is simply because the interest rate is a measure of the opportunity cost of those resources. If the resources instead of financing the investment could be invested in financial assets, there is an opportunity cost of (1+r), where r is the interest rate. This implies higher investment spending with a lower interest rate. When GDP increases, the output and the capacity utilization increases. This results in an increase of capital investment. At last, a higher Tobins q is represented when the market puts a high value of the installed capital and buys stocks in the firm for a higher price. The firm can then raise more resources per share issued and increase their investments.

References

Burda, Wyplosz (2005): Macroeconomics: A European Text, Fourth Edition, Oxford University Press

Investment


The Diocese of Feldkirch () is a Latin Church diocese located in the city of Feldkirch, Vorarlberg, in the Ecclesiastical province of Salzburg in Austria.

History
 until the 19th century: part of the Swabian Dioceses of the Catholic Church: Constance, Augsburg
 then attached to the (Tyrolean and thus Austrian) Diocese of Brixen after the split-up of the Holy Roman Empire
 came with the Austrian part of Brixen to the Apostolic Administrature (1921), later (1964) Diocese of Innsbruck-Feldkirch
 8 December 1968: detached from Innsbruck and established as Diocese of Feldkirch

Special churches
Minor Basilicas:
 Liebfrauenbasilika Rankweil, Rankweil, Vorarlberg

Bishops of Feldkirch
 Bruno Wechner (9 December 1968 – 21 January 1989)
 Klaus Küng (21 January 1989 – 7 October 2004)
 Elmar Fischer (24 May 2005 – 15 November 2011)
 Benno Elbs (since 8 May 2013)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Austria

References

External links
 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
  Diocese website

Roman Catholic dioceses in Austria
Christian organizations established in 1968
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century
Feldkirch, Roman Catholic Diocese of


Daughters of Jacob Bridge (, Gesher Bnot Ya'akov; , Jisr Benat Ya'kub) is a bridge that spans the last natural ford of the Jordan River at the southern end of the Hula Basin between the Korazim Plateau and the Golan Heights. It has been a crossing point for thousands of years.

The Crusaders called the site Jacob's Ford. The medieval bridge was replaced in 1934 by a modern bridge further south during the draining of Lake Hula by the Palestine Land Development Company.

Located southwest of the bridge are the remains of a Crusader castle known as Chastellet and east of the bridge are the remains of a Mamluk khan (caravanserai).

The bridge is now part of Highway 91 and straddles the border between the Galilee and the Golan Heights (which was annexed by Israel in 1981).  It is of strategic military significance as it is one of the few fixed crossing points over the upper Jordan River that enable access from the Golan Heights to the Upper Galilee.

The caravan route from China to Morocco via Mesopotamia and Egypt used this crossing. It was part of the ancient highway recently dubbed "Via Maris", which was strategically important to the Ancient Egyptians, Assyrians, Hittites, Jews, Saracens (early Muslims), Crusaders, Ayyubids, Mamluks, Ottomans, and modern inhabitants and armies who crossed the river at this place. The Crusaders built a castle overlooking the ford which threatened Damascus which was destroyed by Saladin in 1179 in the Battle of Jacob's Ford. The old arched stone bridge marked the northern limit of Napoleon's advance in 1799.

Etymology
The place was first associated with the biblical forefather of the Jews, Jacob/Israel, due to a confusion. The Crusader-era nunnery of Saint James (Saint Jacques in French) from Safed received part of the customs paid at the ford, and since James/Jacques is derived from Jacob, this led to the name Jacob's Ford.

History and archaeology of the ford site

Prehistory
Archaeological excavations at the prehistoric Gesher Benot Ya'aqov site have revealed evidence of human habitation in the area, from as early as 750,000 years ago. Archaeologists from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem claim that the site provides evidence of "advanced human behavior" half a million years earlier than has previously been estimated as possible. Their report describes a layer at the site belonging to the Acheulian (a culture dating to the Lower Palaeolithic, at the very beginning of the Stone Age), where numerous stone tools, animal bones and plant remains have been found, including those of an elephant (either Palaeoloxodon recki or Palaeoloxodon antiquus), which is associated with stone tools, including a handaxe, and shows cut and fracture marks indicating that it was butchered by archaic humans. According to the archaeologists Paul Pettitt and Mark White, the site has produced the earliest widely accepted evidence for the use of fire, dated approximately 790,000 years ago. A Tel-Aviv University study found remains of a huge carp fish cooked with the use of fire at the site 780,000 years ago.

Crusader and Ayyubid period

Jacob's Ford was a key river crossing point and major trade route between Acre and Damascus. It was utilized by Christian Palestine and Seljuk Syria as a major intersection between the two civilizations, making it strategically important. When Humphrey II of Toron was besieged in the city of Banyas in 1157, King Baldwin III of Jerusalem was able to break the siege, only to be ambushed at Jacob's Ford in June of that year.

Later in the twelfth century, Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Saladin continually contested the area around Jacob's Ford. Baldwin allowed the Templars to build Chastelet castle overlooking Jacob's Ford known to the Arabs as Qasr al-'Ata commanding the road from Quneitra to Tiberias. On 23 August 1179, Saladin successfully conducted the siege of Jacob's Ford, destroying the unfinished fortification, known as the castle of Vadum Iacob or Chastellet.

Mamluk and Ottoman bridge

In the late Mamluk period, Sefad became a principal town and Baibars' postal road from Cairo to Damascus was extended with a branch that went through the north of Palestine. To accomplish this, the bridge was built over the Crusaders' Vadum Jacob (Jacob's ford). The bridge had the Mamluk characteristic dual-slope pathway like the Yibna Bridge. Al-Dimashqi (1256–1327) noted that "the Jordan traverses the district of Al Khaitah and comes to the Jisr Ya'kub (lit. "Jacob's Bridge"), under Kasr Ya'kub (lit. "Jacob's Castle"), and reaching the Sea of Tiberias, falls into it."

Before 1444, a merchant constructed a khan (caravanserai) on the eastern side of the bridge, one of a series of such khans built at the time. Edward Robinson noted that during the 14th century, travellers crossed the river Jordan below the Lake of Tiberias, while the first crossing in the area of Jisr Benat Yakob was noted in 1450 CE. The khan, at the eastern end of the bridge, and the bridge itself, were both probably built before 1450, according to Robinson.

For the year 1555−1556 CE (AH 963) the toll post at the bridge collected 25,000 akçe, and in 1577 (985 H) a firman commanded that the place had post horses ready.

On June 4th 1771, a combined force of Zahir al Umar's men and mamluk commander Abu al-Dhahab met the Damascene Pasha in battle, The result was a victory for the Zayadina coalition and established control of Irbid and Quneitra to Zahir al Umar. This also set in motion the later Final Invasion of Damascus Eyalet & Siege of Damascus by Abu al-Dhahab

The bridge was maintained through the Ottoman period, with a caravanserai on one end of the bridge, as shown in the 1799 Jacotin map. During the Egyptian campaign of 1799, Napoleon sent his cavalry commander, general Murat, to defend the bridge, as a measure of preempting reinforcement from Damascus being sent to Akko during the siege laid by the French. Murat occupied nearby Safed and Tiberias, as well as the bridge and, by relying on the superior quality of French troops, managed to defeat Turkish units far outnumbering him. Jacotin's map marks the west side of the bridge with the name of General Murat and the date of 2 April 1799.

In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) also noted about Jisr Benat Yakub: "The bridge itself appears to be of later date than the Crusader period."

20th century

Another battle was fought there on 27 September 1918 during the Palestine Campaign of World War I, at the beginning of the pursuit by the British Army of the retreating remnants of the Ottoman Yildirim Army Group towards Damascus. The central arch of the bridge was destroyed by the Turkish forces. The bridge was shortly repaired by ANZAC sappers, flattening the original dual-slope pathway, making it useful for modern vehicles.

In 1934, during the draining of Lake Hula as part of a Zionist land reclamation project, the old bridge was replaced by a modern one further south.

On the "Night of the Bridges" between 16 and 17 June 1946, the bridge was again destroyed by the Jewish Haganah. The Syrians captured the bridge on June 11, 1948, during the 1948 Palestine war, but later withdrew as a result of the 1949 Armistice Agreements between Israel and Syria. After the war, the bridge was in the central demilitarised zone established by the armistice agreement.

In 1953, the site was chosen as the original location for the water intake of Israel's National Water Carrier project, but after US pressure the intake was moved downstream to the Sea of Galilee at Eshed Kinrot, which later became known as the Sapir Pumping Station at Tel Kinrot/Tell el-'Oreimeh.

During the Six-Day War, an Israeli paratrooper brigade captured the area and after the war the Israeli Combat Engineering Corps constructed a Bailey bridge. In the Yom Kippur War, Syrian forces approached the vicinity of the bridge and as a precaution Israeli sappers placed explosives on the bridge but did not detonate them as the Syrians did not attempt to cross it.

21st century
In 2007, one of the two Bailey bridges at the site (one for traffic from east to west and the other handling traffic in the opposite direction) was replaced with a modern concrete span, while the other Bailey bridge was left intact for emergency use.

See also
Archaeology of Israel and Levantine archaeology
Barid, Muslim postal network renewed during Mamluk period (roads, bridges, khans)
Jisr al-Ghajar, stone bridge south of Ghajar
Al-Sinnabra Crusader bridge, with nearby Jisr Umm el-Qanatir/Jisr Semakh and Jisr es-Sidd further downstream
Jisr al-Majami bridge over the Jordan, with Mamluk khan
Jisr Jindas bridge over the Ayalon near Lydda and Ramla
Yibna Bridge or "Nahr Rubin Bridge"
Isdud Bridge (Mamluk, 13th century) outside Ashdod/Isdud
Jisr ed-Damiye, bridges over the Jordan (Roman, Mamluk, modern)
Bir Ma'in, Arab village near Ramle, connected by a foundation legend to Jacob/Ya'kub and Daughters of Jacob Bridge/Jisr Benat Ya'kub.
Jacob's Well, site associated with biblical Jacob in Samaritan and Christian tradition
Jubb Yussef (Joseph's Well), site associated with biblical Joseph in Muslim tradition

References

Bibliography

 (pp. 341−344)

Murray, Alan V. editor. (2006), The Crusades: An Encyclopaedia,

External links
Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4: IAA, Wikimedia commons
Bridge at Jisr Banat Ya'qub, 12th-century bridge pictured early 20th century.
 80th Brigade's Battles in the Six-Day War. Paratroopers Brigade website.
 Bridge Destruction During the Night of the Bridges
 Gesher Benot Ya'aqov Acheulian Site Project

Battles of the Crusades
Battles involving the Ayyubids
Bridges over the Jordan River
Crusade places
Hula Valley


Coates is a downland village in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. Coates lies one mile (1.7 km) southwest from Fittleworth and four miles (6.8 km) south-east-by-south from Petworth. It is within the ancient divisions of the Bury Hundred and the Rape of Arundel.The village is bounded north by the Rother Navigation.

Coates Manor House
Coates Manor House is Elizabethan in origin and the former seat of the Coates family whose name is given to the village. It is well known for its gardens that are available for public viewing by appointment as part of the National Gardens Scheme.

Coates Castle
Coates Castle, a Grade-II mansion listed by English Heritage lies on land above the village in a position that affords extensive views across the Sussex countryside. It was built in 1820 by John King in the Strawberry Hill gothic style and was extensively renovated in the early twenty-first century after years of gradual decline. It is the place where Louisa Hamilton, Duchess of Abercorn, an ancestor of Princes William and Harry, died on 31 March 1905.(There is a memorial inside the church commemorating her life) and visitors to the house are known to have included Sir Winston Churchill and Kaiser Wilhelm.

During the Second World War it was requisitioned and used by the army. It was here in 1940-41 that Lieutenant- colonel Stewart Blacker invented the Spigot Mortar or Blacker Bombard a cheap and easily produced piece of anti-tank ordnance required after the British Army's heavy equipment had been lost at Dunkirk. It was used extensively by the Home Guard.

In the fifties it was owned by the former Master of the Hursley and Hambledon Hunt Gerald Joynson who renovated it and eccentrically installed in a room a specially constructed coffin for himself.

Conservation area
Coates Castle SSSI is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. It consists of three blocks of land all within a one kilometre radius of Coates Castle which contain the only known British population of Gryllus campestris, a field cricket  protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Coates Common and Lords Piece are areas of Sussex heathland containing breeding populations of heathland birds including Nightjar and Dartford Warbler.

St Agatha's Church

The Anglican church of St Agatha is first recorded in about 1100 in the Chartulary of Lewes Priory, stating that the Church of "Cotes" made an annual donation to the Prior. The church is of early English style and consists of a single nave now covered by a wood floor with a bellcote (rebuilt 1961) and a small square chancel. The chancel arch is plain and half circular. One Norman window has survived on the south wall. The larger windows are late 14th century and of early English lancet type. A small Sussex marble lead-lined font stands extant at the west end of the nave and constructed within the south wall of the chancel is a sedile ( pl sedilia) or priest's chair.  Unusually the entrance to the church is on the north side presumably for the ease of the residents from the nearby manor house Coates Manor.The Registers date from 1559  and the living is linked to nearby Burton (Bodecton). Since 1982 St Agatha's has been within the parish of Barlavington and Sutton and Bignor.

References

External links

Villages in West Sussex
Sites of Special Scientific Interest notified in 1993
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in West Sussex


Gayle Friesen (born September 18, 1960) is a Canadian author of young adult novels. She was raised in Chilliwack, British Columbia. She has a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of British Columbia. She is married with two children.

Friesen's first novel Janey's Girl (1998) was critically acclaimed, winning the Canadian Library Association's Young Adult Book Award and the Red Maple Reading Award. It was also nominated for the Governor General's Literary Award. She has written four other novels for young adults.

Awards and honours
Two of Friesen's books are Junior Library Guild selections: Janey’s Girl (1999) and The Isabel Factor (2006).

Publications
Janey's Girl (1998)
Men of Stone (2000)
Losing Forever (2002)
The Isabel Factor (2005)
For Now (2007)
''The Valley (2008)

References

External links

1960 births
Canadian children's writers
Canadian women novelists
People from Chilliwack
Canadian women children's writers
Living people
Canadian Mennonites
Mennonite writers

University of British Columbia alumni
Forest of Reading Award winners


Alain Junior Ollé Ollé (born 11 April 1987) is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Club career
Born in Douala, Ollé Ollé started his professional career in Uruguay with lowly Club Plaza Colonia de Deportes. In 2006, he signed with Club Nacional de Football in Montevideo.

In February 2008, Ollé Ollé joined German club SC Freiburg, but appeared very rarely for the Black Forest side, and never in the Bundesliga. In the 2010 January transfer window he was loaned to another team in the country, 2. Bundesliga's Rot Weiss Ahlen, appearing regularly but suffering relegation at the end of the 2009–10 season.

After a stint with Norway's Stabæk Fotball, Ollé Ollé spent the year 2012 in Sweden, representing Åtvidabergs FF in the Allsvenskan and Varbergs BoIS FC. He went back to Uruguay and Cerro.

He joined Norwegian club Melhus in March 2019.

References

External links

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Douala
Cameroonian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Uruguayan Primera División players
Plaza Colonia players
Club Nacional de Football players
C.A. Cerro players
2. Bundesliga players
SC Freiburg players
Rot Weiss Ahlen players
Eliteserien players
Stabæk Fotball players
Byåsen Toppfotball players
Allsvenskan players
Åtvidabergs FF players
Footballers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers for Cameroon
Cameroonian expatriate men's footballers
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Uruguay
Expatriate men's footballers in Uruguay
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Norway
Expatriate men's footballers in Norway
Cameroonian expatriate sportspeople in Sweden
Expatriate men's footballers in Sweden


David Harewood OBE (born 8 December 1965) is a British actor. He is best known for his roles as CIA Counterterrorism Director David Estes in Homeland (2011–2012), and as J'onn J'onzz / Martian Manhunter and Hank Henshaw / Cyborg Superman in Supergirl (2015–2021).

Early life
Harewood was born on 8 December 1965 in the Small Heath area of Birmingham, the son of a couple from Barbados who had moved to England in the late 1950s and early 1960s. His father was a lorry driver, while his mother was a caterer. He has a sister, Sandra, and two brothers, Rodger and Paul. He attended St Benedict's Junior School and Washwood Heath Academy. He was a member of the National Youth Theatre. In his youth, he worked at a wine bar in Birmingham city centre. At the age of 18, he gained a place at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art.

Career
Harewood began acting in 1990 and has appeared in The Hawk, Great Moments in Aviation, Harnessing Peacocks, Mad Dogs and Englishmen, Blood Diamond, The Merchant of Venice and Strings. He is known for his television appearances on Ballykissangel, The Vice and Fat Friends. He played Don Coleman in Hustle (Series 7 The Fall of Railton FC (2011)). In 1997, he was the first black actor to play Othello at the National Theatre in London.

In 2008, he played Major Simon Brooks in The Palace; he also appeared (that December) on Celebrity Mastermind, with specialist subject Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials. He appeared in the BBC film adaptation of the Philip Pullman novels The Ruby in the Smoke and The Shadow in the North, both of which are titles from the Sally Lockhart Mysteries.

In 2009, Harewood appeared in the BBC single drama Mrs Mandela, playing Nelson Mandela. He played Brother Tuck in the third series of Robin Hood. He appeared in the Doctor Who story "The End of Time". He played Martin Luther King Jr. in the premiere of The Mountaintop, written by American playwright Katori Hall, directed by James Dacre, which opened at Theatre503 in London on 9 June 2009.

Harewood next appeared in two episodes of Chris Ryan's Strike Back as Colonel Tshuma. From June to September 2010, he played Theseus in the premiere of Moira Buffini's play Welcome to Thebes at the National Theatre in London. He played Martin Viner in an episode of New Tricks. He narrated Welcome to Lagos, a BBC documentary about Lagos, Nigeria. He also starred in British independent film The Hot Potato, the film also starred Ray Winstone, Colm Meaney and Jack Huston. He played Frankenstein's monster in the TV live event Frankenstein's Wedding.

From 2011, Harewood starred as David Estes, the director of the CIA's Counterterrorism Center, in the Showtime series Homeland. After appearing in 24 episodes, his character was killed off in a bomb explosion at the end of season 2. Also in 2011, he voiced Captain Quinton Cole in the video game Battlefield 3.

In June 2014, he appeared in Tulip Fever. In October 2015, he appeared as a core cast member on the CBS television series Supergirl as Hank Henshaw. Since his character was revealed (in the episode Human for a Day) to be J'onn J'onzz/Martian Manhunter posing as Henshaw, he portrays J'onn J'onzz with Henshaw's likeness as his human form and has a dual recurring role as the real Hank Henshaw / Cyborg Superman.

In 2017, Harewood was in London to attend the BT British Urban Film Festival at BT Tower. The following year, for his performance in "Free in Deed", Harewood won Best Actor at the 2018 British Urban Film Festival awards. Harewood was included in the 2019 edition of the Powerlist, ranking the 100 most influential Black Britons. Also in 2019, he played the position of goalkeeper for England in Soccer Aid for UNICEF 2019. Psychosis and Me, a documentary hosted and produced by Harewood received a BAFTA Television Award nominated for Single Documentary.

In October 2021, it was revealed that Harewood will make his feature directorial debut with For Whom The Bell Tolls, a boxing film about the rivalry between Chris Eubank and Nigel Benn.

In November 2021, The Guardian published an article focusing on Harewood and actor Ricardo P Lloyd comparing both of their lives and careers and the struggles black British actors face in the UK. This was part of Black British culture matters, curated by Lenny Henry & Marcus Ryder for The Guardian Saturday Culture Issue No7.

Harewood was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2012 New Year Honours for services to drama and Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2023 New Year Honours for services to drama and charity. Harewood delivered the 2023 Richard Dimbleby Lecture.

Other interests and activities

Slavery reparations

Harewood is an advocate of the British government apologising for Britain's participation in the slave trade. His great-great-great-great grandparents had been slaves on a plantation in Barbados owned by Henry Lascelles, 2nd Earl of Harewood. Slaves were given surnames derived from those of their owners, hence Harewood's ancestors had to take their name from the Lascelles' title. Harewood has engaged with David Lascelles, the 8th and current Earl of Harewood and a descendant of the 2nd Earl, who also believes the government should apologise for the slave trade. As part of a BBC Look North programme in 2007, David Harewood visited Lascelles' ancestral home, Harewood House, which was built with the profits of slavery, and interviewed Lascelles on the subject. He did so again for a Channel 5 documentary in 2021.

In September 2023, a portrait of Harewood, commissioned by Lascelles, was put on display at Harewood House as an acknowledgement of their families' connected history. It will become part of the stately home's permanent collection. The portrait's unveiling was accompanied by a temporary exhibition at the house focussing on Harewood's life and career. Harewood described the hanging of the portrait as "well overdue for me and my ancestors" and commented that he hoped visitors to the house would

Politics
In May 2012, Harewood presented a Party Election Broadcast for the British Labour Party. In the 2019 European Parliament election, Harewood pledged his support for Change UK.

Health and charitable interests
In 2007, Harewood donated his bone marrow and as a result saved the life of a patient. In October 2013, Harewood voiced an interactive video campaign for the British Lung Foundation aiming to ban smoking in cars with children on board in the United Kingdom.

Harewood is a mental health ambassador and has been open about his own struggles, confessing that he used to self-medicate with alcohol to deal with his bipolar-like symptoms, discarding the medication given to him by doctors. He was sectioned under the Mental Health Act, spent time on the Whittington Hospital psychiatric ward, and was prescribed the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine. He subsequently expanded on his experiences, hosting a 2019 BBC documentary titled David Harewood: My Psychosis and Me.

Harewood is an avid supporter of Birmingham City Football Club. Harewood appeared in Soccer Aid 2018 as England's celebrity goalkeeper. He saved two penalties during the penalty shootout, helping England to win the charity match. The event raised more than £5 million for UNICEF, a charity that Harewood supports.

Personal life
Harewood married his long-term girlfriend Kirsty Handy in February 2013 in Saint James, Barbados. They have two daughters and the family resides in Streatham, London.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

Radio
David Harewood voiced the character of the American character Thurman Berkley in series one of the BBC radio series Chambers on the 4th May 1996.

Harewood played Patroclus in the 1998 BBC radio trilogy Troy. He also played Henry Tilney in the Northanger Abbey radio adaptation (2005). On 4 May 2012, he hosted a special BBC Radio 2 Friday Night is Music Night celebrating the life of Ray Charles, broadcast live from Cheltenham Jazz Festival. The show featured the Guy Barker orchestra, with leader Cynthia Fleming and guest artists Madeline Bell, Gregory Porter, and James Tormé.

Harewood played the Marquis de Carabas in the BBC Radio 4 Radio Play of Neverwhere (2013).

In 2022, Harewood voiced Destruction of the Endless in Act III of Audible's full-cast audiobook adaptation of Neil Gaiman's comic, The Sandman.

Awards and nominations

 Screen Actors Guild Awards-Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series: Nominated (2012)
 Nashville Film Festival-Best Actor: Winner (2016)
 Independent Spirit Awards-Best Male Lead: Nominated (2017)
 Saturn Award-Best Supporting Actor on a Television Series: Nominated (2019)
 Edinburgh TV Festival-Variety Outstanding Achievement Award: Winner( 2020)
 Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to drama (2023)
 Long Key International Film Awards 2023 - Best Actor in a Short Film (Man to Man, 2023). Winner.

Books
  Harewood's memoir.

References

External links

1965 births
Living people
20th-century English male actors
21st-century English male actors
21st-century English memoirists
Alumni of RADA
Black British male actors
English male film actors
English male Shakespearean actors
English male stage actors
English male television actors
English male video game actors
English male voice actors
English people of Barbadian descent
English television directors
Male actors from Birmingham, West Midlands
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
National Youth Theatre members
People from Small Heath, Birmingham


Riccall railway station was a railway station which served the village of Riccall, north of Selby, on the East Coast Main Line. It was opened in 1871, closed to passengers in 1958 and then closed to goods services in 1964; the station building is now a private dwelling. In 1983 the Selby Diversion was opened which led to the closure of the railway line through Riccall; the former trackbed is now the route of the A19 around the village.

References

External links
 Information about Riccall and its station from British History
 Riccall station on navigable 1947 O. S. map

Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1871
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1958
Disused railway stations in North Yorkshire
Former North Eastern Railway (UK) stations
Riccall


Daniele Mannini (born 25 October 1983) is an Italian footballer who plays as a winger. Appearing for clubs such as Pisa, Brescia, Napoli and Sampdoria over the course of a near two decade long professional career, he made over 150 appearances in Serie A, also playing for several seasons in Serie B and Serie C. Following his professional retirement in 2020 he moved to England, where he came out of retirement in July 2022 to play for Northern Counties East Football League Division One club Beverley Town.

Career

Early career
Son of former ACF Fiorentina goalkeeper Alessandro Mannini, Daniele started his professional career at hometown club Viareggio, playing with them in the Italian Serie C2 and Serie D tiers.

Pisa
In summer 2003, he joined Pisa of Serie C1.

Brescia
In 2004–05 season he joined Serie A club Brescia. On 12 September 2004, he made his Serie A debut against Juventus. He stayed with Brescia after they were relegated to Serie B in summer 2005, and played with them until 31 January 2008.

Napoli
He left for Serie A club Napoli on 31 January 2008, joining fellow Brescia players Santacroce and Hamsik, for a total fee of €18 million within a season. Mannini himself was tagged for €7 million. In January 2009 he was handed a one-year suspension by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) along with former teammate Davide Possanzini from WADA for being late for a drugs test following a Serie B match between Brescia and Chievo in December 2007. Later the ban was frozen by CAS due to appeal process., The ban was cancelled on 27 July 2009 after being proved there was no real intention to avoid the controls from Possanzini and Mannini.

Sampdoria
In July 2009, Mannini joined Sampdoria in co-ownership bid, for €3.5 million (€7 million divided half). On the same day Hugo Campagnaro joined Napoli for €7 million.

Mannini made an excellent start in his first season at Sampdoria, scoring 5 goals in Serie A and 3 assists in just 8 games.

At the end of 2010–11 Serie A, Doria was relegated. The club gave up the co-ownership and allowed players to return to their mother clubs for a peppercorn fee of €500 each, such as keeper Gianluca Curci and winger Stefano Guberti. However the co-ownership of Mannini was not resolved before the deadline on 24 June. Thus, both clubs had to submit a bid in a sealed envelope to Lega Serie A in order to decide the highest bidder, which was only €500. on the other hand, Sampdoria abstain entirely from making an offer.

Siena
On 6 August 2011, Mannini moved to newly promoted Serie A club Siena in another co-ownership deal for €450,000 (plus €200,000 other fee) in a 4-year contract. In June 2013 Siena acquired Mannini outright for free after the club was relegated. Both clubs failed to form any deal before the deadline, but Napoli did not submit a bid.

Pisa (loan)
On 31 January 2014 he was signed by the third-level club Pisa in a temporary deal. He was released after Siena failed to register for 2014–15 Serie B.

Lecce
On 1 September 2014 he was signed by US Lecce.

Return to Pisa
Mannini was re-signed by Pisa on 27 August 2015.

Pontedera
On 15 January 2020, his contract with Pontedera was terminated by mutual consent.

Beverley Town
Having been released by Pontedera, Mannini elected to retire from football, and moved to East Yorkshire to work as a sales executive for a food company. During a chance encounter while they were both out walking dogs, Mannini met Mark Smith, the chairman of Beverley Town, a local team preparing for their first ever season in Division One of the Northern Counties East Football League, which saw Smith invite Mannini to pre-season training. On 22 July 2022, Beverley Town announced that Mannini had joined them for the upcoming season.

References

External links
 La Gazzetta dello Sport profile (2007–08)
 Profile at FIGC
 Lega Serie B profile

1983 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Viareggio
Footballers from the Province of Lucca
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Lucchese 1905 players
ASD Viareggio Calcio players
Pisa SC players
Brescia Calcio players
SSC Napoli players
UC Sampdoria players
ACR Siena 1904 players
US Lecce players
US Città di Pontedera players
Beverley Town F.C. players
Serie A players
Serie B players
Serie C players
Italian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in England
Italian expatriate sportspeople in England


Colworth is a hamlet in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It lies just off the A259 road 2.7 mile (4.4 km) north of Bognor Regis. At the 2011 census the population of the hamlet was included in the civil parish of Oving.

History
In 988 AD King Æthelred the Unready granted four hides at Colworth to his minister Leofstan, with leave to bequeath it to whom he would. A chapel at Colworth is referred to in Sussex county records in 1510. The disused Portsmouth and Arundel Canal, which was abandoned in 1855, passes through the hamlet.

References

External links

Villages in West Sussex


Marie Sophie von La Roche (née Gutermann von Gutershofen; 6 December 1730 – 18 February 1807) was a German novelist. She is considered the first financially independent female professional writer in Germany.

Biography
Sophie von La Roche was born in Kaufbeuren, present-day Germany, the oldest child of the doctor Georg Friedrich Gutermann and his wife, Regina Barbara Gutermann (née Unold). Gutermann was originally from Biberach. La Roche spent the majority of her childhood in Augsburg, under strict Pietist upbringing, and made frequent visits to Biberach. There she became the friend of Christoph Martin Wieland, and became engaged to him.

In 1753, however, she married Georg Michael Anton Frank Maria von La Roche—completely surprising to her fiancé Wieland, who at the time lived in Switzerland. Georg von La Roche was an illegitimate son of Count Friedrich von Stadion-Warthausen and a dancer, Catharina La Roche. Stadion-Warthausen took custody of the boy and provided for his education as a secretary. Georg and Sophie had eight children, five survived past childhood: Maximiliane (1756–1793), Fritz (born 1757), Luise (born 1759), Carl (1766–1839) and Franz Wilhelm (1768–1791).

From 1761 to 1768, Sophie La Roche was a lady of the court at her father-in-law's castle Warthausen, near Biberach (where Sophie and Wieland encountered each other once again). There was a comprehensive library (1,440 volumes, 550 works) at the castle, which is today mostly at the Bohemian castle Kozel near Pilsen. She composed letter correspondence in court-sanctioned French and accompanied the Count often to his country estate in Bönnigheim. Through the Count's will, La Roche's husband was appointed as supervisor of the Bönningheim estates. La Roche followed her husband there in 1770, and it was there that she completed—on the advice of a parson friend—the novel she had already begun at Warthausen, Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim (History of Fräulein von Sternheim). The novel was published by Wieland in 1771.

Georg von La Roche supervised the Stadion-Warthausen estates until 1771, when he became privy councillor of the Electoral Archbishop of Trier. The career change prompted a move for the family to Ehrenbreitstein. La Roche held a literary salon in their home in the borough of Koblenz, one that Goethe mentions in Dichtung und Wahrheit. Among the habitués were Johann Bernhard Basedow, Wilhelm Heinse, the Jacobi brothers, and Johann Kaspar Lavater. She became friends with Johann Heinrich Jung and introduced him to his second wife, Maria Salome von Saint George.

In 1780, La Roche's husband was fired from his office by Electoral Archbishop Clemens Wenzeslaus, due to his outspoken critical opinions of the church. With that, the elegant salon circle in Ehrenbreitstein came to a sudden end. The family was taken in by a friend in Speyer. In 1788, Georg's death left Sophie widowed. Due to the French Revolutionary occupation of the left bank of the Rhine in 1794, La Roche's widow's pension was cut off, so that she felt forced to secure her income through writing. After her husband's death, she spent her time in Speyer and Offenbach am Main, and traveled to Switzerland, France, Holland and England, which experiences prompted her to write and publish travelogues.

Through her daughter Maximiliane, who was married to the businessman and diplomat Peter Anton Brentano, La Roche became the grandmother of Bettina von Arnim and Clemens Brentano. When Maximiliane died in 1793, La Roche took in three girls of the couple's eight children.

La Roche died in Offenbach am Main. She is buried at the outer wall of the St. Pancras Church in Offenbach-Bürgel.

In the thirteenth book of his Dichtung und Wahrheit, Goethe writes of Sophie von La Roche:

"She was a wonderful woman, and I don't know another to compare her to. Slim and delicately built, more tall than short, she kept a certain elegance into her later years, an elegance which hovered charmingly between the behavior of a fine lady and a worthy middle-class woman."

Literary-historical significance

La Roche's first novel, published by Wieland in 1771, was her most successful. However, she wrote several other novels. Her works were meant to be morally instructive for young women. Some like Schönes Bild der Resignation (1795), were written against the background of the post-revolutionary period. Further expression of the author's pedagogical project "to educate and advise young women about the art of living," came in the form of a periodical Pomona: Für Teutschlands Töchter (English: Pomona: For Germany's Daughters), which La Roche planned and edited and which was published 1783-1784.

Her work was representative of the Age of Enlightenment and the Sentimental movement (Empfindsamkeit) in German literature, and she was one of the most famous women writers of the 18th century. Her first novel Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim can be considered a founding text for the German female literary tradition.

Works in German

Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim. Von einer Freundin derselben aus Original-Papieren und andern zuverläßigen Quellen gezogen. Hrsg. v. Christoph Martin Wieland. 2 Bände. Weidmanns Erben und Reich, Leipzig 1771 (München 2007, dtv, , Originalausgabe)
Der Eigensinn der Liebe und Freundschaft, eine Englische Erzählung, nebst einer kleinen deutschen Liebesgeschichte, aus dem Französischen. Orell, Geßner, Füßli, Zürich 1772
Rosaliens Briefe an ihre Freundin Mariane von St**. 3 Bände. Richter, Altenburg 1780–1781
Pomona für Teutschlands Töchter. Enderes, Speyer 1783-1784
Briefe an Lina, ein Buch für junge Frauenzimmer, die ihr Herz und ihren Verstand bilden wollen. Band 1. Lina als Mädchen. Weiß und Brede, Mannheim 1785; Gräff, Leipzig 1788
Neuere moralische Erzählungen. Richter, Altenburg 1786
Tagebuch einer Reise durch die Schweiz Richter, Altenburg 1787
Journal einer Reise durch Frankreich. Richter, Altenburg 1787
Tagebuch einer Reise durch Holland und England. Weiß und Brede, Offenbach 1788
Geschichte von Miß Lony und Der schöne Bund. C. W. Ettinger, Gotha 1789
Briefe über Mannheim. Orell, Geßner, Füßli, Zürich 1791
Lebensbeschreibung von Friderika Baldinger, von ihr selbst verfaßt. Hrsg. und mit einer Vorrede begleitet von Sophie Wittwe von La Roche. Carl Ludwig Brede, Offenbach 1791
Rosalie und Cleberg auf dem Lande. Weiß und Brede, Offenbach 1791
Erinnerungen aus meiner dritten Schweizerreise. Weiß und Brede, Offenbach 1793
Briefe an Lina als Mutter. 2 Bände. Gräff, Leipzig 1795-1797
Schönes Bild der Resignation, eine Erzählung. Gräff, Leipzig 1796
Erscheinungen am See Oneida, mit Kupfern. 3 Bände. Gräff, Leipzig 1798
Mein Schreibetisch. 2 Bände. Gräff, Leipzig 1799
Reise vom Offenbach nach Weimar und Schönebeck im Jahr 1799. Gräff, Leipzig 1800 (auch als Schattenrisse abgeschiedener Stunden in Offenbach, Weimar und Schönebeck in Jahre 1799)
Fanny und Julia, oder die Freundinnen. Gräff, Leipzig 1801
Liebe-Hütten. 2 Bände. Gräff, Leipzig 1804
Herbsttage. Gräff, Leipzig 1805
Melusinens Sommerabende. Hrsg. von Christoph Martin Wieland. Societäts-Buch- und Kunsthandlung, Halle 1806 (Digitalisat)

Works in English translation
 La Roche, Sophie von. The History of Lady Sophia Sternheim. Trans. Christa Baguss Britt. Albany: State University of New York, 1991.
 La Roche, Sophie von. The History of Lady Sophie Sternheim. Ed. James Lynn. Trans. Joseph Collyer. Worcester: Billing & Sons 1991. Contains selected bibliography.
 La Roche, Sophie von. "Two Sisters". Bitter Healing: German Women Writers, 1770-1830. Ed. Jeanine Blackwell and Susan Zantop. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990
 La Roche, Sophie von. Sophie in England, a translation of the passages on England in the Journal of a Journey through Holland and England (1788), trans. Clare Williams. London: Jonathan Cape 1933.

Notes

Secondary literature in German

 Becker-Cantarino, Barbara: Meine Liebe zu Büchern. Sophie von La Roche als professionelle Schriftstellerin. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2008. .

 Becker-Cantarino, Barbara; Loster-Schneider, Gudrun (Hgs.): "Ach, wie wünschte ich mir Geld genug, um eine Professur zu stiften": Sophie von La Roche (1730–1807) im literarischen und kulturpolitischen Feld von Aufklärung und Empfindsamkeit. Francke, 2008, .
 Eichenauer, Jürgen (Hrsg.): "Meine Freiheit, nach meinem Charakter zu leben". Sophie von La Roche (1730–1807) - Schriftstellerin der Empfindsamkeit. Weimar 2007, .
 Haag, Klaus; Vordestemann, Jürgen (Hrsg.): Meine liebe grüne Stube. Die Schriftstellerin Sophie von La Roche in ihrer Speyerer Zeit (1780–1886). Marsilius, Speyer 2005, .
 Jost, Erdmut (Kaufbeurer Schriftenreihe): Wege zur weiblichen Glückseligkeit - Die Welt ist das Buch der Frauen. Sophie von La Roches Reisejournale 1784 bis 1786 Bauer-Verlag GmbH, Thalhofen 2007, .
 Mederer, Hanns-Peter : Romanschriftstellerin Sophie von La Roche - eine Tochter Kaufbeurens. In: Das schöne Allgäu 9. 1993, S. 40–42.
 Meighörner, Jeannine : "Was ich als Frau dafür halte". Sophie von La Roche. Deutschlands erste Beststellerautorin. Sutton, Erfurt 2006, .
 Meise, Helga (Hrsg.): Sophie von La Roche – Lesebuch. Ulrike Helmer Verlag, Königstein/Taunus 2006,  (ausgewählte Werke, darunter auszugsweise der Briefwechsel mit Wieland).
 Oehlmann, Melanie: Sophie von La Roche: Frau und Autorin im Zeitalter der Aufklärung: Wie Roman und Erzählung zur Schule der Frauen werden. VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008, .
 Pago, Peter: Der empfindsame Roman der Aufklärung. Christian Fürchtegott Gellert und Sophie von La Roche. Meidenbauer Verlag, 2003, .
 Strohmeyr, Armin: Sophie von La Roche. Eine Biografie. Reclam, Leipzig 2006, .
 Wiede-Behrendt, Ingrid : Lehrerin des Schönen, Wahren, Guten. Literatur und Frauenbildung im ausgehenden 18. Jh. am Beispiel Sophie von La Roche. Lang, Frankfurt u. a. 1987, .

Secondary literature in English

 Becker-Cantarino, Barbara: "Sophie von La Roche (1730-1807)."  Women Writers in German Speaking Countries. Ed. Elke Frederiksen. Greenwood Press, 1998. 288-98.

 Baldwin, Claire. "Sophie von La Roche." Encyclopedia of German Literature. Ed. Matthias Konzett. Chicago and London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000. 630-631.
 Blackwell, Jeannie. "Sophie von LaRoche." German writers in the age of Goethe: Sturm und Drang to Classicism. Dictionary of Literary Biography. Vol. 94. Ed. James Hardin and Christoph E. Schweitzer. Detroit: Bruccoli Clark, 1990. 154-161.
 Blackwell, Jeannie. "Sophie von LaRoche." Bitter Healing. German Women Writers 1700-1830. Ed. Jeannie Blackwell and Susanne Zantop. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990. 147-187.
 Dawson, Ruth P. "The Enabling Effect of Difference: Sophie La Roche (1730-1807).The Contested Quill: Literature by Women in Germany 1770-1880. Newark, Del.: University of Delaware, 2002. 92-154.
 Garland, Mary. "La Roche, Sophie von." The Oxford Companion to German Literature. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. 503.
 Joeres, Ruth-Ellen. "That girl is an entirely different character!" Yes, but is she a feminist? Observations on Sophia von La Roche's Geschichte des Fräulein von Sternheim." German Women in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Ed. Ruth-Ellen Joeres and Mary Jo Maynes. Bloomington: Indiana University Press 1986. 137-56.
 Lowry, Helen Mary : "Reisen, sollte ich reisen! England sehen!". A study in eighteenth-century travel accounts. Sophie von La Roche, Johanna Schopenhauer and others. Dissertation, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario 1998 (Volltext, PDF).
 Petschauer, Peter. "Sophie von La Roche, Novelist Between Reason and Emotion." Germanic Review. Vol. 61, Spring 1982. 70-77.
 Stoicea, Gabriela. "When History Meets Literature: Jonathan Israel, Sophie von La Roche, and the Problem of Gender.” The Radical Enlightenment in Germany: A Cultural Perspective. Ed. Carl Niekerk. Leiden: Brill-Rodopi, 2018. 211-237.
 Stoicea, Gabriela. "Fictions of Legibility: The Human Face and Body in Modern German Novels from Sophie von La Roche to Alfred Döblin." Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 2020.
 Winkle, Sally. Woman as Bourgeois Ideal: A Study of Sophie von La Roche's "Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim" and Goethe's "Die Leiden des Jungen Werthers". New York and Bern: Peter Lang, 1988.

External links

 Digitized works at Sophie
 Digitized works at Zeno.org
 Digitized works at Gutenberg.de
 Encyclopædia Britannica Online: "Sophie von La Roche"

1730 births
1807 deaths
People from Kaufbeuren
German women novelists
18th-century German writers
18th-century German women writers
19th-century German women writers
19th-century German writers


Highway 89 is a major east–west highway in the Upper Galilee and Western Galilee in northern Israel. It begins in the west in Nahariya and continues east to Ma'alot-Tarshiha, Safed, Hatzor HaGlilit and Rosh Pina, crossing the entire Galilee. It is  long

The route begins in the west at Nahariya junction with Highway 4 and continues east past several moshavim, kibbutzim and villages until it reaches Ma'alot-Tarshiha. Afterward, the road continues to Meron mountain, where it turns south toward Safed and passes south of the city. It continues east toward its eastern terminus, a junction with Highway 90 at Elifelet

Junctions & Interchanges

See also
List of highways in Israel
 Driving on the highway from west to east (video)

89


The Neighbors Expedition, led by Robert Neighbors was one of several expeditions sent by the military to explore the area between San Antonio and El Paso with the purpose of opening a practical road to the west, which could be used by settlers and stages.   The Neighbors Expedition, along with that led by Col. John C. Hays of the Texas Rangers in 1848, and that of Lieutenants William Henry Chase Whiting and William F. Smith of the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1849, were the most important of these expeditions.

Of all these expeditions, the one which mapped the route ultimately taken by the stage and most travelers from mid-Texas to El Paso was the route selected and mapped by Robert Neighbors.  Indeed, the highway from Austin to El Paso today exactly mirrors the route taken and recommended by Neighbors to the American Military.

Background
Neighbors had been an officer in the Army of the Republic of Texas from 1839 to 1844.  In 1842 he was one of a number of Texas officers and officials, (court and government officials) taken prisoner by Mexican general Adrián Woll at San Antonio during Woll's invasion of Texas in 1842.   Taken to Mexico and imprisoned along with dozens of other Texas Government officers and officials, Neighbors was subsequently released in 1844, after negotiations between the Republic of Texas, the United States, and Mexico.   Neighbors then became the Indian agent of Texas, supervising the Republic's, and then the United States, agreements with the Lipan Apache, Tonkawa, and Comanche Indians.

Neighbors, who invented the "field system" of Indian Supervision, was one of the few white men who was familiar with the Comancheria, the homeland of the Comanche, and more importantly, could safely travel there.  He spoke the language, understood and respected their culture, and was respected by their Chiefs, including the powerful Buffalo Hump.

Expedition to El Paso
Because of his reputation as a scout, and his reputation for being respected by the Comanche, Major General William J. Worth, the Commander of the United States Army's Eighth Military District, which included Texas, selected him to lead an expedition to find a road to El Paso which both settlers and wagon trains carrying commercial loads could use. Neighbors led a combined military-Ranger force that included his personal friend John Salmon Ford. The party left San Antonio, passed through the state capital at Austin, and finalized its preparations at the Torrey Trading House near what is now Waco, Texas.  In addition to Rip Ford,  Neighbors selected three other white men,  D. C. Sullivan, A. D. Neal, and James Shaw (a celebrated part-Delaware scout and interpreter, and a man with a reputation for being able to talk to, and deal with, Indians). Neighbors also selected four non-Plains Indians,  John Harry (Delaware), Joe Ellis and Tom Coshatee (Shawnees), and Patrick Goin (Choctaw). Neighbors put Shaw in charge of the Indians.

Neighbors was able to convince Buffalo Hump to lead the expedition through the Comancheria. Though the Chief later left the party, it remained under his protection, and another Comanche Chief, Guadalope, led the party the remainder of the distance from the Colorado River to El Paso. Neighbors' ability to communicate with the Comanche, and his relationship with them, made the expedition possible. The expedition left the Torrey Trading House on March 23, 1849, and began the journey north. Neighbors had business with the camp of the Comanche chief Old Owl, so he traveled northeast up the eastern bank of the Leon River and spent a week there. The expedition then crossed the Leon River and proceeded south to Sanaco's camp on the upper Colorado River, arriving there April 2, 1849.

At this point, Buffalo Hump left the party, and Neighbors then engaged Guadalupe, the Chief of a Comanche band, to guide the expedition on to El Paso. Leaving the Colorado River, the expedition moved west on April 5, 1849, and managed the Horsehead Crossing over the Pecos River on April 17, 1849. Though they experienced considerable difficulty with the weather and terrain, they were able to cross the far northern end of the Davis Mountains, north of what is today the University of Texas at Austin McDonald Observatory.

They crossed the Rio Grande on April 25, 1849, where they discovered the tracks of shod horses, and determined these were the tracks of Whiting's expedition, which had crossed the Rio Grande at that point on its return to Austin.

The Neighbors expedition then continued up the east bank of the Rio Grande toward El Paso and arrived there on May 2, 1849. Neighbors determined the last hundred or so miles they had traveled were completely unsuitable for a wagon road, so he then returned by a more northern route that had been used by the Mexican army between El Paso and the Pecos River.
The Expedition began its return on May 6, 1849, by way of Hueco Tanks, Ojo del Alamo, and the Guadalupe Mountains en route to the Pecos River, and home.

Return home, and the route to El Paso
On the return home, the expedition was guided by a Mexican National, Señor Zambrano.   Neighbors found, and later reported to the military, that this return route from El Paso to the Pecos could serve as a wagon or stage road, which it became.  The expedition entered Fredericksburg, Texas, on May 31 and San Antonio on June 2, only eight days after Whiting, who had left far earlier, and who was unable to provide a good road to El Paso.

Neighbors original trip to El Paso had taken twenty-three days of actual travel time, but he was able to return to San Antonio in only twenty-one days by a far easier route. Neighbors reported to Gen. William Selby Harney, who had replaced General Worth as Commander of the Eighth Army Department or District, and recommended the return route as the trail the Army sought.  General Harney then sent out parties to further survey Neighbors's recommended route. They concurred with Neighbors findings, and this came to be known as the Upper or Northern route.

Highways follow the same route today
Not only settlers, but the Butterfield Overland Mail later ran on this route from the Concho River to El Paso. Today's modern highways and railroads run over roughly the same routes as the Neighbors outbound and returning trails.   Neighbors and Ford reported the distance from Austin to El Paso as 598 miles, the same distance shown on modern road maps.

See also
Kenneth F. Neighbours, "The Expedition of Major Robert S. Neighbors to El Paso in 1849," Southwestern Historical Quarterly 58 (July 1954).
Kenneth Neighbours, ed., "The Report of the Expedition of Major Robert S. Neighbors to El Paso in 1849," Southwestern Historical Quarterly 60 (April 1957).
Kenneth F. Neighbours, Robert Simpson Neighbors and the Texas Frontier, 1836-1859 (Waco: Texian Press, 1975). Robert Simpson Neighbors Papers, Barker Texas History Center, University of Texas at Austin

References

1849 in the United States
Battles involving the Comanche
Comanche
Kiowa
Texas–Indian Wars


Paul Gerard Browne (born 17 February 1976 in Glasgow) is a Scottish retired football defender.

Playing career

Aston Villa
Browne began his career in England with Premier League side Aston Villa, featuring in two league matches towards the end of the 1995–96 season.

Raith Rovers
Despite his two starts, Browne was sold to Scottish Premier Division side Raith Rovers in the summer of 1996 and made his debut for the Kirkcaldy side in a 1–0 defeat against Rangers. Featuring in a number of matches that season, Browne played the majority of the following season following Raith's relegation, scoring twice.

In the 1998–99 season, Browne suffered from ill discipline, receiving eleven bookings and one dismissal as Raith finished in eighth place, in a season which saw him fail to add to his two goals from the previous season.

Browne netted four goals in 1999–00, helping Raith to mid-table safety but the following season yielded no goals as Raith survived relegation by just three points.

In 2001–02, however, Raith finished bottom and were relegated to the Scottish Second Division.

Browne featured initially for Raith, playing in a Scottish League Challenge Cup match and league match, but was sent on loan to Arbroath for the remainder of 2002, featuring sixteen times.

Nuneaton Borough
After returning from loan at Arbroath, Browne spent the remainder of the season with Nuneaton Borough and Hinckley United on loan.

Arbroath
In 2003, Browne was accused of making a hoax call to Arbroath player Eddie Forrest, claiming to be the Chairman of Raith Rovers and offering a full-time contract. Forrest asked to be released from his contract with Arbroath, who then signed Browne as a replacement player. Browne claims a friend made the call, but Arbroath withdrew their contract as a result.

Whilst Forrest returned to Arbroath, he subsequently joined Partick Thistle, leaving a defensive gap. Arbroath manager John Brownlie forgave Browne and re-signed him on a one-year deal.

Junior Football

Following his season back at Arbroath, Browne moved into junior football with Lochore Welfare, where he was playing up to 2008 before joining St Andrews United. In May 2009, Browne helped St Andrews defeat former club Lochore to clinch promotion to the Scottish Junior Football East Region Premier League.

Internationals
Browne was capped by Scotland under-21 during his time at Aston Villa.

Management career
In March 2020, Browne became the under 20s manager for Kirkcaldy & Dysart F.C. In 2021 paul became the assistant manager-of dundonald bluebell first team

References

External links

1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Glasgow
Men's association football central defenders
Scottish men's footballers
Scotland men's under-21 international footballers
Aston Villa F.C. players
Raith Rovers F.C. players
Arbroath F.C. players
Nuneaton Borough F.C. players
Hinckley United F.C. players
Premier League players
Scottish Football League players
Lochore Welfare F.C. players
St Andrews United F.C. players


Neil Davis (born 15 August 1973) is an English former professional footballer who played for Midland Football Alliance side Coleshill Town as a striker.

References

1973 births
Living people
People from Bloxwich
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall
English men's footballers
Redditch United F.C. players
Aston Villa F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
Wycombe Wanderers F.C. players
Walsall F.C. players
Hednesford Town F.C. players
Newport County A.F.C. players
Bromsgrove Rovers F.C. players
Coleshill Town F.C. players
Premier League players
Men's association football forwards


Ceto () is a fifteenth-century Javanese-Hindu temple that is located on the western slope of Mount Lawu (elev. 1495 m above sea level) on the border between Central and East Java provinces.

Cetho is one of several temples built on the northwest slopes of Mount Lawu in the fifteenth century. By this time, Javanese religion and art had diverged from Indian precepts that had been so influential on temples styles during the 8-10th century. This area was the last significant area of temple building in Java before the island's courts were converted to Islam in the 16th century. The temples' distinctiveness and the lack of records of Javanese ceremonies and beliefs of the era make it difficult for historians to interpret the significance of these antiquities.

It is close to Sukuh temple.

See also

 In Java
 Gunung Padang Megalithic Site
 Candi Kethek, 11th-16th century similar smaller site in Central Java.
 Candi of Indonesia
 Prambanan Temple, 6th-9th century UNESCO heritage Hindu temple in Central Java.
 Sunda Kingdom, 7th-16th century Indianised Hindu kingdom in Western and Central Java.
 Taruma Kingdom, 2nd-6th century Indianised Hindu kingdom of Western Java.

 In Indonesia
 Greater India
 Indianisation
 History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia
 Hinduism in Indonesia
 Buddhism in Indonesia

 Other related
 List of places with columnar jointed volcanics

References

External links

Hindu temples in Indonesia
Archaeological sites in Indonesia
Pyramids in Indonesia
Religious buildings and structures in Central Java
Mount Lawu
Cultural Properties of Indonesia in Central Java
Religious buildings and structures in East Java
Javanese culture
Places in Hindu worship
Tourist attractions in East Java
History of East Java
Archaeology of Indonesia


The Square Mile of Murder relates to an area of west-central Glasgow, Scotland. The term was first coined by the Scottish journalist and author Jack House, whose 1961 book of the same name was based on the fact that four of Scotland's most infamous murders were committed within an area of 1 square mile (2.6 km2).

The area
The area stretches northwards from Blythswood Hill in the western end of Glasgow city centre to Sauchiehall Street and west towards the Charing Cross area. It is nowadays bisected by the M8 motorway.

The murders and locations
The four murder cases took place between 1857 and 1908.

The case against Madeleine Smith was found to be not proven, that she laced her lover Pierre Emile L'Angelier's cocoa with arsenic (Blythswood Square).
The Sandyford murder case, in which Jessie McPherson was brutally struck forty times with a meat cleaver. Her friend Jessie McLachlan was accused and found guilty of the murder; McLachlan always maintained her innocence, accusing McPherson's employer's elderly father of the murder instead (Sandyford Place).
The serial killer Dr Edward William Pritchard, known as "The Human Crocodile". His three victims included his mother-in-law, Jane Taylor, and his wife, Mary Jane Pritchard, whom he poisoned, then had the coffin lid unscrewed so that he could kiss her (Berkeley Street, Sauchiehall Street).
Marion Gilchrist's death in 1908 was pinned on Oscar Slater, the subject of a major miscarriage of justice (West Princes Street).

21st century
In 2021, Esther Brown was murdered at her home on West Princes Street, one of the roads in the mile.

Television adaptation
House's book was adapted as a six-part television series by the BBC in 1980. The cast included George Baker (as Madeleine Smith's father), Anthony Bate (as Pritchard), Simon Cadell, Neil Connery, Gregor Fisher, Rikki Fulton, John Grieve, James Hazeldine, and Tony Roper.

References

House, Jack (1961) Square Mile of Murder, Edinburgh: W. & R. Chambers

External links

1980 British television series debuts
1980 British television series endings
1980s British crime television series
Crime in Glasgow
Murder in Scotland
Non-fiction crime books
English-language television shows
History of Glasgow


Shakes may refer to:
Milkshakes
Health shakes
 Delirium tremens or "the shakes", a symptom of alcohol withdrawal
 Shakes (timber), cracks in timber
 Shakes (Tlingit leaders), a Tlingit generational leadership title
 Shakes the Clown, a 1991 film by and starring Bobcat Goldthwait
 The Shakes (album), by Herbert, 2015
 "Shakes", a song by Emeli Sandé from Long Live the Angels, 2016
 "The Shakes", a song by Priestess from Hello Master, 2005
 Shakes, a fictional character in the comic Supa Strikas

People
 Shakes Kubuitsile (born 1962), Botswana boxer
 Paul Shakes (born 1952), Canadian ice hockey player
 Ricky Shakes (born 1985), English football player
 Ephraim Mashaba (born 1950), nicknamed Shakes, South African football manager and former player
 Siviwe Soyizwapi (born 1992), nicknamed Shakes, South African rugby union player

See also
 Shake (disambiguation)
 Shaked, a secular Israeli settlement in the West Bank
 Shaken (disambiguation)
 Shaker (disambiguation)
 Shook (disambiguation)


Jonathan Anthony Bewers (born 10 September 1982) is an English former footballer born in Kettering, Northamptonshire, who briefly played in the Premier League for Aston Villa and in the Football League for Notts County and Walsall. He played as a defender or in midfield. Throughout his career, he has been known as Jonathan Bewers, Jon Bewers, Johny Bewers and currently Jonny Bewers.

Career
Bewers came through the Football Association's National School of Excellence at Lilleshall, and began his club career as a schoolboy with Aston Villa. He turned professional in 1999, captained the club's reserve team as a 17-year-old, and made his first-team debut as a late substitute in the Premier League game against Tottenham Hotspur at White Hart Lane on 15 April 2000. Villa won the game 4–2. He was on the bench as Aston Villa won the 2001 UEFA Intertoto Cup.

However, although Bewers remained at Villa for another four years, that was his last first-team appearance. After trials with Macclesfield Town and AFC Bournemouth, he was released in March 2004 to join Notts County until the end of the season. He made three appearances from the substitutes' bench, but failed to earn himself a contract extension. Bewers had another trial with Bournemouth in July 2004, before joining Walsall on non-contract terms in September. He made just one appearance before being released to join Kidderminster Harriers in November. He left without appearing for the first team, and then had a brief stay with Kettering Town.

He signed for Southern League Premier Division club Aylesbury United in September 2005 and scored his first senior competitive goal for the club, a curled free kick to open the scoring in a 1–1 draw against Team Bath, on 1 October 2005. He played 20 games in all competitions before being released in February 2006. While studying for a BA degree in accounting and finance at the University of Northampton, Bewers played for the university football team, which qualified for the British Universities Sports Association Nationals Tournament in February 2006.

In March 2006, Bewers had a trial with Stamford, but signed for Cogenhoe United before the 2006–07 season. Bewers soon moved on to Rothwell Town, where he was appointed captain, and where he remained until he completed his degree course, graduating in 2008. After his spell with Rothwell was terminated, Bewers announced his retirement from the game due to injury. Despite this, he later moved on to Stamford before the 2008–09 season, before being promptly loaned out to Rothwell Corinthians.

Bewers left Stamford following his loan at Rothwell Corinthians and is now unattached. Bewers opted to retire from football. Following in his fathers footsteps he became an accountant. He now lives near his hometown with his wife and daughter.

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Kettering
English men's footballers
England men's youth international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Aston Villa F.C. players
Notts County F.C. players
Walsall F.C. players
Kidderminster Harriers F.C. players
Kettering Town F.C. players
Aylesbury United F.C. players
Cogenhoe United F.C. players
Rothwell Town F.C. players
Stamford A.F.C. players
Rothwell Corinthians F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Southern Football League players
Alumni of the University of Northampton


Sulamita Aronovsky ( Ziuraitiene; 5 May 1929 – 15 December 2022) was a Lithuanian-born British classical pianist and piano teacher who spent her formative years in Moscow and Soviet-occupied Lithuania, moving to London in 1971.

Aronovsky was born in Kaunas, Lithuania on 5 May 1929. Her teachers included Lev Barenboim, Abram Schatzkes, Grigory Ginsburg and Alexander Goldenweiser.
An experienced Juror of International Competitions, she founded the London International Piano Competition in 1991.

In 1971, after visiting family in the USA, she decided to defect to Britain, where she settled in Manchester, teaching at the Royal Northern College of Music.

In the 1990s, Aronovsky moved to London, where she served as Professor of Piano at the Royal Academy of Music.

Aronovsky's students included Peter Lawson, David Fanning, Julia Goldstein, Vovka Ashkenazy, Melani Mestre, Michael Bell, John Thwaites, Pamela Chowhan, Ian Flint, Amir Katz, Andrew Wilde, Ian Fountain, Stefan Ćirić, Junko Urayama, Nils Franke, Howard Evans, Gareth Jones, Nicolas Hodges, Beate Perrey, Jonathan Powell, Nicholas Angelich, Raul Jimenez, Toby Purser, Nicolette Wong, Panos Karan and Riyad Nicolas among others.

Aronovsky died on 15 December 2022, at the age of 93.

References

External links

 London International Piano Competition

1929 births
2022 deaths
21st-century classical pianists
21st-century women pianists
Russian classical pianists
Russian women pianists
Lithuanian classical pianists
Lithuanian women pianists
Women classical pianists
Russian music educators
Russian women music educators
Academics of the Royal Academy of Music
20th-century Lithuanian Jews
Jewish classical pianists
Lithuanian music educators
Lithuanian women music educators
Musicians from Kaunas
Academics of the Royal Northern College of Music


Shaked (, meaning almond) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
 Ayelet Shaked (born 1976), Israeli activist and politician
 Emmanuel Shaked (1930–2018), Israeli general
 Gershon Shaked (1929–2006), Austrian-Israeli scholar and critic of Hebrew literature
 Mor Shaked (born 1986), Israeli footballer
 Moshe Shaked (1945–2014), American mathematician and statistician
 Shira Shaked (born 1981), Israeli concert pianist and musician
 Tal Shaked (born 1978), American chess grandmaster
 Uri Shaked (born 1943), Israeli professor of Electrical Engineering at Tel Aviv University
 Ziki Shaked (born 1955), Israeli round-the-world sailor and sailing instructor

See also
 Mandel
 Mandelbaum

Hebrew-language surnames
Surnames of Jewish origin


Roland Selmeczi (2 October 1969 – 30 January 2008) was a Hungarian actor. He played in theatre plays, in movies and television series, and provided dub in many television series like House M.D. (Dr. James Wilson), 24 (Jack Bauer), Sliders (Quinn Mallory) and Desperate Housewives (Mike Delfino). He also was known to dub Brad Pitt and Antonio Banderas several times.

He died in a car accident on 30 January 2008. He was 38 years old.

References

External links
 Theatre roles on Szinház.hu

1969 births
2008 deaths
Male actors from Budapest
Hungarian male film actors
Hungarian male stage actors
Hungarian male television actors
Road incident deaths in Hungary


Robert David Hughes (born 1 February 1978) is a Welsh former footballer who played as a defender. He is currently a Professional Development Phase (U21) Coach with Manchester United after having held the position of Head of Academy Coaching at Cardiff City.

Playing career
Born in Wrexham, Hughes began his career at Aston Villa, where he played seven times during the 1996/97 season as a replacement for the injured Steve Staunton. He suffered with minor injuries over the next few years and made just one professional appearance in the following two years, playing in a 1–0 defeat to AFC Bournemouth on 28 March 1999 while on loan to League One side Carlisle United.

Finding his chances at Villa Park limited on his return he joined Shrewsbury Town on a free transfer, making his debut in a 4–1 defeat to Exeter City. He spent two years as a regular first-team choice and, in February 2001, he signed for Cardiff City for a fee of £450,000, £225,000 of which was given to Aston Villa due to a sell on clause, and went straight into the Bluebirds side but injuries struck again and after failing to regain his place in the side he was released in 2003 and subsequently retired.

Coaching career
Hughes was appointed the manager of Barry Town in 2003. After a short spell in charge he moved into an assistant manager role alongside Colin Addison who took over as manager in February 2004. However Addison left the club after just six months in charge and Hughes was re-instated as manager for a short time before he resigned in December 2004, along with the majority of the first-team squad, due to ongoing financial problems at the club.

In 2005, Hughes took a coaching role at Welsh Premier League side Port Talbot Town. He later made one appearance as a substitute for the side during the 2005–06 season.

Hughes later joined English League Two club Shrewsbury Town, spending two years as their head of youth development. He joined Championship side Watford as youth team coach in September 2011. He left the club in August 2014 to take up a position as Assistant Intermediate Team Manager for the Wales Under-21-Under-17 sides.

In December 2016, Hughes returned to Aston Villa as Under-18 team manager.

In July 2019, Hughes joined Southampton to become their first Head of Academy Player Development.

In November 2020, Hughes was appointed head of Academy Coaching at Cardiff City.

Career statistics

References

External links

Welsh Premier profile

1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Wrexham
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's youth international footballers
Wales men's under-21 international footballers
Wales men's B international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Aston Villa F.C. players
Carlisle United F.C. players
Shrewsbury Town F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Barry Town United F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
Cymru Premier players
Welsh football managers
Watford F.C. non-playing staff
Shrewsbury Town F.C. non-playing staff
Barry Town United F.C. managers
Cymru Premier managers
Port Talbot Town F.C. players


Alberto Loddo (born 5 January 1979, in Cagliari) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer.

Palmares

2001
1st Trofeo Franco Balestra
1st Gran Premio della Liberazione
2002
1st Stage 4 Tour of Qatar
2003
1st  Overall Tour of Qatar
1st  Points classification
1st  Young rider classification
1st Stage 1
1st Stage 2 Volta ao Algarve
2004
4th Wachovia Classic
2006
Vuelta Ciclista Por Un Chile Lider
1st Points classification
1st Stages 4, 7, 8a & 10
Circuit Cycliste de la Sarthe
1st  Points classification
1st Stage 3
1st Stage 4 Vuelta al Táchira
2007
Tour de Langkawi
1st  Points classification
1st Stages 1, 4, 5, 6 & 10
1st Stage 1 Vuelta al Táchira
1st Stage 1 Vuelta Ciclista a la Rioja
1st Stage 2 Vuelta a Asturias
2008
1st Stage 5 Tour de Langkawi
1st Stage 1 Settimana Ciclista Lombarda (TTT)
8th Overall Tour of Qatar
1st Stage 4
2009
Vuelta a Venezuela
1st Stages 1 & 2
2010
Tour de San Luis
1st Stages 3 & 7
1st Stage 5 Giro di Sardegna

External links

Italian male cyclists
1979 births
Living people
Vuelta a Venezuela stage winners
Sportspeople from Cagliari
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Italy
Mediterranean Games medalists in cycling
Competitors at the 2001 Mediterranean Games
Cyclists from Sardinia


Shook may refer to:

People with the surname
 Al Shook (1899–1984), American football player
 Barbara Ingalls Shook (1938-2008), American philanthropist
 Edwin M. Shook (1911-2000) Maya archaeologist
 Fred Shook (1919-1992), American football player
 Kerry Shook (born 1962), senior pastor of Fellowship of The Woodlands
 Travis Shook (born 1969), jazz pianist

Music
Shook (album), a 2023 album by Algiers
"Shook", a song by Shawn Desman from the 2002 album Shawn Desman
"Shook (The Answer)", a song by Keshia Chanté from the 2004 album Keshia Chanté
"Shook", a 2020 song by Tkay Maidza
"Shook", a 2022 song by Meghan Trainor from Takin' It Back

Other uses
 Shook (magazine)
 Shook, Missouri, U.S.
 Shooks, Minnesota, U.S.
 Shooks Township, Beltrami County, Minnesota, U.S.
 Shook, a 2019 web series created by Disney Channel

See also
 All Shook Up (disambiguation)

 Shake (disambiguation)
 Shaked (surname)
 Shaken (disambiguation)
 Shaker (disambiguation)
 Shakes (disambiguation)


Canchy () is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

There was a station on the Réseau des Bains de Mer which opened on 19 June 1892 and closed on 10 March 1947.

Geography
Canchy is situated just off the D928 road (it now bypasses the town), some  north of Abbeville.

Population

See also
Communes of the Somme department
André Abbal

References

Communes of Somme (department)


Scott Jones (born 1 May 1975) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder or defender. He is perhaps most remembered for when he scored a brace as Barnsley beat Manchester United in the 1997–98 FA Cup fifth round replay. He later went on to play for Mansfield Town, Notts County, Bristol Rovers and York City, where he scored once against Swansea City.

References

External links

1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Sheffield
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Barnsley F.C. players
Mansfield Town F.C. players
Notts County F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
York City F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players


The Diocese of Gurk-Klagenfurt (, ) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church covering the Austrian state of Carinthia. It is part of the ecclesiastical province of Salzburg. Though named after Gurk Cathedral, the bishop's see since 1787 is in Klagenfurt.

Due to the presence of Carinthian Slovenes, the organizational structures of the diocese are bilingual. The Slovene language is, together with German, the language of church services in 69 southern parishes of the diocese.

History

Middle Ages

In 1072 a suffragan bishopric in the Duchy of Carinthia, subordinate to the Archdiocese of Salzburg, was erected by Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg, with the authorization of Pope Alexander II (21 March 1070) and Emperor Henry IV (4 February 1072). It could rely on the properties of a former nunnery in Gurk founded by Countess Hemma in 1043. The first bishop installed was the local noble Günther von Krapffeld (1072–1090). The episcopal residence was not in Gurk, but at nearby Strassburg Castle.

Initially the Gurk bishops only held the rights of vicars, while the right of appointment, consecration, and investiture was reserved to the Salzburg archbishop. The diocese served as a model for later Salzburg establishments like the Bishopric of Chiemsee (1216), the Diocese of Seckau (1218), and the Diocese of Lavant (1228). Not until 1123 Archbishop Conrad I of Salzburg founded a cathedral chapter at Gurk, which under Bishop Roman I (1132–1167) obtained the right to elect the bishop. The boundaries of the diocese were only defined in 1131. Originally the territory embraced was small, but the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Gurk extended beyond the limits of his diocese, inasmuch as he was also vicar-general of that part of Carinthia under the Archbishop of Salzburg. The rights of a secular Vogt advocate were held by the Carinthian dukes.

After a contest of a hundred years the metropolitan regained the right of appointment. Dissensions did not cease, for in 1432 the Habsburg duke Frederick IV of Austria claimed the right of investiture, which even was a subject of the consultations at the Council of Basel under Pope Eugene IV. In 1448 King Frederick IV of Germany concluded an agreement with Pope Nicholas V to reserve the right of appointment for himself and when in 1470 Sixtus of Tannberg was appointed Gurk bishop by the Salzburg chapter, Frederick enforced his resignation four years later. Finally, on 25 October 1535, the Archbishop of Salzburg and former Gurk bishop, Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, concluded a long-lasting agreement with King Ferdinand I of Germany, according to which the nomination of the Bishop of Gurk is to rest twice in succession with the sovereign and every third time with the Archbishop of Salzburg; under all circumstances the archbishop was to retain the right of confirmation, consecration and investiture. Though from 1460 onwards the Gurk bishops held the right to bear the title of a prince-bishop, they never exerted any secular power.

Modern times
In 1761 Count Hieronymus von Colloredo was appointed Bishop of Gurk by Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach, whom Colloredo succeeded in 1771. Under Bishop Joseph Franz Auersperg, a dedicated follower of Josephinism, the Gurk diocese received an accession of territory by Emperor Joseph II in 1775, and again in 1786. Nevertheless the present extent of the diocese, embracing the whole of Carinthia, dates only from its reconstitution in 1859. The episcopal residence was transferred in 1787 to the capital of Carinthia, Klagenfurt. A prominent modern prince-bishop was Valentin Wiery (1858–1880).

According to the census of 1906, the Catholic population of the diocese was 369,000, of whom three-fourths were German and the rest Slovenes. The 24 deaneries embraced 345 parishes. The cathedral chapter at Klagenfurt consisted of three mitred dignitaries; five honorary and five stipendiary canons. Among the institutions of religious orders the Benedictine Abbey of St. Paul (founded in 1091; suppressed in 1782; restored in 1807) holds first place. There were also Jesuits at Klagenfurt and St. Andrä; Dominicans at Friesach; Capuchins at Klagenfurt and Wolfsberg; Franciscans at Villach; Olivetans at Tanzenberg; Servites at Kötsehach; Brothers of Mercy at St. Veit on the Glan (in charge of an immense hospital founded in 1877); and a number of religious communities of women for the care of the sick and the instruction of youth.

The clergy are trained in the episcopal seminary at Klagenfurt, which has been, since 1887, under the direction of the Jesuits. The professors are Benedictines from the Abbey of Saint Paul and Jesuits. The education of aspirants to the priesthood is provided for at Klagenfurt, in a preparatory seminary established by Bishop Wiery in 1860 and enlarged by Bishop Kahn. At Saint Paul's the Benedictines conduct a private gymnasium with the privileges of a government school. At Klagenfurt there is also a Catholic teachers' seminary under ecclesiastical supervision.

Churches
Chief among the examples of ecclesiastical architecture, both in point of age and artistic interest, is Gurk Cathedral, which dates back to the beginnings of the diocese, having been completed about 1220. Also worthy of note are the Romanesque church and cloister of Millstatt Abbey and, as monuments of Gothic architecture, the parish churches at Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal, Heiligenblut, Villach, Völkermarkt, St Wolfgang ob Grades (Metnitz), and Waitschach (Hüttenberg). One of the largest and most beautiful churches of Carinthia is the Dominican Church at Friesach. The Klagenfurt Cathedral was built in 1591 during the Protestant Reformation; in 1604 it was acquired by the Jesuits, and consecrated in honour of the Apostles Saints Peter and Paul.

Prominent among the places of pilgrimage in the diocese is Maria Saal, visited annually by from 15,000 to 20,000 pilgrims. Among Catholic associations special mention should be made of those for the advancement of the Catholic Press and for the diffusion of good books: for the German population, the St. Joseph's Verein founded at Klagenfurt in 1893, and the St. Joseph's Book Confraternity; for the Slovenes, the St. Hermagoras Verein, established in 1852 (1860), with its headquarters at Klagenfurt, and widely established among Slovenes in other dioceses.

Special churches
 Former Cathedrals:
 Sankt Andrä, Kärnten
 Assumption of Mary provost and pilgrimage church, Maria Saal
 Minor Basilica:
 Maria Luggau (Our Lady of the Snows), Lesachtal

Deaneries

Bleiburg (Pliberk)
Eberndorf (Dobrla vas)
Feldkirchen
Ferlach (Borovlje)
Friesach
Gmünd-Millstatt
Greifenburg
Gurk
Hermagor (Šmohor)
Klagenfurt-Stadt
Klagenfurt-Land (Celovec-dežela)
Kötschach
Krappfeld
Obervellach
Rosegg (Rožek)
Sankt Andrä
Sankt Veit an der Glan
Spittal an der Drau
Tainach (Tinje)
Villach-Land (Beljak-dežela)
Villach-Stadt
Völkermarkt (Velikovec)
Wolfsberg

Notable bishops

Sixtus of Tannberg (1470–1474)
Raymond Peraudi (1491–1505)
Cardinal Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg (1505–1522)
Hieronymus Balbus (1522–1526)
Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria (1653–1665)
Archbishop Count Hieronymus von Colloredo (1761–1772)
Cardinal Joseph Franz Auersperg (1772–1783)
Valentin Wiery (1858–1880)

See also
Roman Catholicism in Austria

References and notes

External links

 GCatholic.org
 Catholic Hierarchy
  Diocese website

Roman Catholic dioceses in Austria
Roman Catholic dioceses established in the 11th century
Gurk, Roman Catholic Diocese of
Maria Saal


Daniel James Boxall (born 24 August 1977) is an English former professional footballer who played as a right back for Brentford, Bristol Rovers, Oldham Athletic and Crystal Palace. After two seasons in Ireland with Dublin City, he returned to England in 2006 to play non-League football and retired in 2008.

Club career
A right back, Boxall began his senior career at First Division club Crystal Palace and made 8 appearances during the 1995–96 and 1996–97 seasons. He made two appearances during Palace's single-season stay in the Premier League and spent most of 1997–98 on loan at Second Division club Oldham Athletic. Having been hampered by an anterior cruciate ligament injury suffered during his time at Selhurst Park, Boxall was released by Crystal Palace in June 1998 and joined newly-relegated Third Division club Brentford on a free transfer. He made 46 appearances and scored one goal during the Bees' Third Division-title winning 1998–99 season. A second anterior cruciate ligament injury suffered in February 2000 kept Boxall out of match play until March 2002 and he made a number of late-2001–02 season appearances. He was released after Brentford's Second Division play-off final defeat and played the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons with Third Division club Bristol Rovers. After putting off a decision to retire, Boxall played his subsequent career in the League of Ireland and English non-League football, before retiring due to injury in 2008.

International career
Owing to an irish grandmother from Wexford, Boxall qualified to represent the Republic of Ireland at international level and he won eight U21 caps in 1998 and 1999.

Personal life
Boxall was born at Mayday Hospital and attended Holy Trinity Church of England Junior School and Stanley Park High School in Wallington. He has four older brothers and an older sister. Boxall has worked as a male model and has run cleaning, construction and physiotherapy businesses. As of 2020, he was director of cleaning and property business Adept London.

Trivia
Boxall was hired as a body double for Kuno Becker's legs in close-up dribbling sequences in the 2005 film Goal!.

Honours
Brentford
 Football League Third Division: 1998–99

Career statistics

References

External links

Daniel James Boxall at the Football Association of Ireland

1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Croydon
English men's footballers
Republic of Ireland men's under-21 international footballers
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
Brentford F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
Whyteleafe F.C. players
Croydon Athletic F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players
English male models
Men's association football fullbacks
Hampton & Richmond Borough F.C. players


Bowling Brook (foaled 1895) was a British-bred American-trained Thoroughbred racehorse.

Background
His sire, Ayrshire, won two of the British Classic Races, the 1888 Epsom Derby and 2,000 Guineas. Grandsire Hampton was the Leading sire in Great Britain & Ireland in 1887, and the Champion broodmare sire in 1901 and 1905. Bowling Brook was out of the American mare Vacation who was sired by the 1875 Preakness Stakes winner, Tom Ochiltree. He was bred by John A. Morris who died the year he was foaled but was raced by his sons Alfred and Dave.

Bowling Brook was trained by future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee, R. Wyndham Walden. He was given the name of his trainer's Bowling Brook Farm at Middleburg in Carroll County, Maryland.

Racing career
Racing as a juvenile, his best result in a major race was as runner-up in the Tremont Stakes. As a three-year-old, at Morris Park Racecourse in The Bronx, New York, Bowling Brook handily won the 1898 Metropolitan Handicap then three weeks later at the same track, jockey Fred Littlefield rode him to victory in the 1 3/8 miles  Belmont Stakes. Bowling Brook won on a muddy track by six lengths over the Mike Dwyer-owned and Tod Sloan-ridden colt Previous with Hamburg approximately another ten lengths back in third place. Owned by Marcus Daly and ridden by Fred Taral, future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Hamburg had been the betting favorite to win.

Stud career
Retired to stud duty, Bowling Brook met with limited success as a sire.

References

1895 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in the United States
Belmont Stakes winners
Thoroughbred family 23-b


Brian Launders (born 8 June 1976) is an Irish former footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in Dublin, he began his career as a junior with Cherry Orchard in Ireland before moving to Australia to play for Croydon Kings. In 1993, he moved to England to play for Crystal Palace. He subsequently moved between a number of clubs in England, along with a spell in the Netherlands before eventually returning to Australia, where he finished his career.

Career

Sheffield United
A free agent, Launders joined Sheffield United on trial in the autumn of 1999.  Having been given a contract until the end of the season, he made his debut a few days later, coming on a substitute in a game against Stockport County on 20 November 1999.  His debut only lasted ten minutes as he was himself substituted when he picked up an injury following a collision with an opposition player.  When manager Adrian Heath was sacked shortly after, Launders was still suffering from concussion following his injury and was deemed unfit to undertake the medical required to finalise his contract and he was released.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Association footballers from Dublin (city)
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players
Crewe Alexandra F.C. players
Derby County F.C. players
SC Veendam players
Colchester United F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Croydon FC (Australia) players
English Football League players
Eerste Divisie players
Premier League players
Cherry Orchard F.C. players


Darren Edward James Pitcher (12 October 1969 – 25 November 2018) was an English professional footballer who played as a defender and a midfielder.

He notably played in the Premier League for Crystal Palace during the 1994–95 and 1997–98 seasons, he also played in the Football League for both Charlton Athletic and Leyton Orient as well as a brief loan spell in Ireland with Galway United. He retired from professional football due to injury but later spent time in Non-League football and turned out for Romford, Purfleet, Carshalton Athletic, Chelmsford City and Ilford.

Playing career
He played for Charlton Athletic, Crystal Palace and Leyton Orient. Pitcher started his career as a right full back at Charlton, but then converted to an effective defensive midfielder.

He signed on loan for Seamus McDonagh at Galway United in January 1989 and made his League of Ireland debut at Athlone on the 16th. When Frank Worthington made his debut on 12 February Pitcher scored the equaliser at St Patrick's Athletic.

Pitcher joined Crystal Palace in 1994. In his first season at the club he helped Palace to the semi-finals of both domestic cups. It was in these cup runs that he scored his only two goals for Palace. In the League Cup quarter final against Manchester City he scored his first goal, and his second came in an FA Cup quarter final replay against Wolverhampton Wanderers. However Palace's runs were ended by Liverpool in the League Cup semi final and Manchester United in the FA Cup semi final. His career was ended at Crystal Palace in a match against Huddersfield Town in August 1996, after a challenge by Paul Reid. He attempted to bring a case of negligence against Huddersfield Town, which he lost. He never played for Palace again, and never played professional football again except for a brief loan spell at Leyton Orient in January 1998. Pitcher later played in Non-League football, for Romford, Purfleet, Carshalton Athletic, Chelmsford City and Ilford.

Personal life
After retiring from football, Pitcher worked in the building trade.

Death
On 26 November 2018, it was announced that Pitcher had died.

References

External links

1969 births
2018 deaths
English men's footballers
Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Romford F.C. players
Thurrock F.C. players
Carshalton Athletic F.C. players
Chelmsford City F.C. players
Ilford F.C. players
Premier League players
Footballers from Stepney
English Football League players
Galway United F.C. (1937–2011) players
League of Ireland players
Men's association football defenders


The Diocese of Innsbruck () is a Latin Church suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of Salzburg (in western Austria) of the Catholic Church, covering the Bundesland (state) Tyrol.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Innsbruck Cathedral, dedicated to Saint James, in the city of Innsbruck.
It also has four Minor basilicas : Herz-Jesu-Basilika, dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, in Hall in Tirol; St. Michael, in Absam; Unsere Liebe Frau von der Unbefleckten Empfängnis, Immaculate Conception, in Wilten and Zisterzienserkirche, Cistercian monastery in Stams.

History
 Established on 11 December 1925 as Apostolic Administration of Innsbruck – Feldkirch, on territory split off from Diocese of Brixen
 6 August 1964: Promoted as Diocese of Innsbruck – Feldkirch
 8 December 1968: Renamed as Diocese of Innsbruck / Œnipontan(us) (Latin), having lost territory to establish Diocese of Feldkirch
 It enjoyed a Papal visit from Pope John Paul II in June 1988.

Statistics
As per 2014, it pastorally served 395,490 Catholics (72.8% of 543,173 total) on  9,845 km² in 243 parishes and 49 missions with 344 priests (193 diocesan, 151 religious), 64 deacons, 803 lay religious (246 brothers, 557 sisters) and 6 seminarians.

Episcopal Ordinaries

(al Roman rite)

Apostolic Administrators of Innsbruck – Feldkirch
 Sigismund Waitz (born Italy) (1921–1938), Titular Bishop of Cibyra (1913.05.09 – 1934.12.17), previously Auxiliary Bishop of Diocese of Brixen (Italy) (1913.05.09 – 1934.12.17); later Metropolitan Archbishop of Salzburg (Austria) ([1934.12.10] 1934.12.17 – death 1941.10.30)
 Auxiliary Bishop: Franz Tschann (born Italy) (1936.08.08 – retired 1955.10.01), Titular Bishop of Panium (1936.08.08 – death 1956.10.10)
 Paulus Rusch (1938.10.15 – 1964.08.06 see below) (born Germany), Titular Bishop of Lycopolis (1938.10.15 – 1947.12.09); next Titular Bishop of Meloë in Isauria (1947.12.09 – 1964.09.26)
 Auxiliary Bishop: Bruno Wechner (1954.12.31 – 1968.12.09), Titular Bishop of Cartennæ (1954.12.31 – 1968.12.09); later first Bishop of daughter see Feldkirch (Austria) (1968.12.09 – retired 1989.01.21), died 1999Suffragan Bishops of Innsbruck
 Paulus Rusch (see above'' 1964.08.06 – death  1980.08.13)
 Reinhold Stecher (1980.12.15 – retired 1997.10.10), died 2013
 Alois Kothgasser, Salesians (S.D.B.) (1997.10.10 – 2002.11.27), next Metropolitan Archbishop of Salzburg (Austria) (2002.11.27 – retired 2013.11.04)
 Manfred Scheuer (2003.10.21 – 2015.11.18), next Bishop of Linz (Austria) (2015.11.18 – ...)
 Hermann Glettler (appointed  2017.09.27)

See also
 List of Catholic dioceses in Austria
 Roman Catholicism in Austria

Sources and external links
 GCatholic.org - data for all sections
 Diocese website
 Catholic Hierarchy

References

Roman Catholic dioceses in Austria
Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Salzburg
Organisations based in Innsbruck
Religious organizations established in 1925
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century


Andrew James Roberts (born 20 March 1974 in Dartford) is an English retired footballer who played as a midfielder.

Roberts began his career at Millwall in 1991. In 1995, he moved to Crystal Palace, where he was the club's Player of the Year in 1996. In 1998, he signed for Wimbledon, where he stayed until 2002. He had a loan spell at Norwich City in that year before returning to Millwall. During his second spell at Millwall he helped them reach the 2004 FA Cup Final, playing in their semi-final triumph over Sunderland. However he missed the final because of injury. He retired from playing in 2004, aged 30.

He was also capped five times by the England U21 team during the mid-1990s.

References

External links

1974 births
Living people
English men's footballers
England men's under-21 international footballers
Millwall F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Wimbledon F.C. players
Norwich City F.C. players
Premier League players
Footballers from Dartford
Men's association football midfielders