There are four localities within the county of Cumbria in North West England named Seathwaite:
Seathwaite, Allerdale, a hamlet in Borrowdale
Seathwaite, South Lakeland, a village in the Duddon Valley
Seathwaite Fell, a hill at the head of Borrowdale
Seathwaite Tarn, a lake near the village in the Duddon Valley


Ban Geum-ryeon (; also known as The Story of Pan Jinlian) is a 1982 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young, based upon Jin Ping Mei. Filmed in 1975, the film was banned at the time, and 40 minutes of footage had been censored when it was finally released.

Synopsis
A historical drama set in ancient China.

Cast
 Lee Hwa-si
 Shin Seong-il
 Park Chun-deok
 Park Jung-ja
 Nam Neung-mi
 Jang Mi-ja
 Kim Young-ae
 Park Am
 Gang Bok-sun
 Jo Jae-seong
 Lee Chi-wu
Chu Song-woong

Notes

Bibliography

External links

1982 films
1980s Korean-language films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
South Korean historical films
1980s historical films
Films based on Jin Ping Mei
Censored films
Film controversies in South Korea


Jerry Williams (born January 2, 1979) is an American former professional basketball player and current head basketball coach for the Newfoundland Rogues (Canada) and former head coach for the ABA Jacksonville Giants in Jacksonville, Florida (USA). He had a distinguished college and European career, and played in the American Basketball Association (ABA) for 2 seasons , from 2007-2008. He played for the ABA Jacksonville Jam.  A 6'6" shooting guard/small forward from Cumberland College, he was selected to the 2007 ABA All-Star Game.

Williams is the only head coach in ABA history to win a 3-peat championship in his first 3 years as head coach. Williams also was able to 4 peat in  2021 after the season ending in 2020 due to Covid-19, where the Giants were 25 and 1 heading into the playoffs.

From 2002 to 2007, Williams played in the British Basketball League. He was named Player of the Year in 2004, after a season in which he averaged 23.3 points per game for the Scottish Rocks.  Jerry's nickname is "Mouse."

He is the brother of NFL superstar Rashean Mathis of the Jacksonville Jaguars.

Hall of Fame
February 2013, Williams was inducted into his Cumberland College Hall of Fame.

References

Miller on Sports. "Williams wins second game of AAU National Championship". milleronsports.com

Living people
American Basketball Association (2000–present) coaches
American expatriate basketball people in France
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American expatriate basketball people in the United Kingdom
Basketball players from Jacksonville, Florida
Shooting guards
Small forwards
Sheffield Sharks players
Glasgow Rocks players
1979 births
American men's basketball players
American expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
American expatriate sportspeople in England


An Experience to Die For: Be a Wicked Woman (), also known as Angel, Become an Evil Woman, is a 1990 South Korean film premiered in 2021, directed by Kim Ki-young.

Synopsis
Two women with unfaithful husbands make a deal to kill each other's husbands.

Release
Produced in 1990, Kim was so disappointed with the outcome that he chose not to release it. The film was submitted to the censors twice — once in 1990 and again in 1995, under the new title 죽어도 좋은 경혐 (Jukeodo joeun gyeonghuom) — but was not screened for the public until the 1998 Busan International Film Festival, following Kim's untimely death in a house fire.

Cast
 Youn Yuh-jung as Choi Yuh-jung
 Hyun Kill-soo as Jeong Dong-sik
 Lee Tam-mi as Lee Myoung-ja
 Kim Byeong-hak as Kim Woon-seok

See also
 Throw Momma from the Train, a comedy with a similar premise.

Notes

External links

1998 films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
South Korean drama films
1998 drama films
1990s Korean-language films
1990s South Korean films


The Caracal pistol is a series of semi-automatic pistols manufactured by Caracal International LLC a subsidiary of Tawazun Holding from the United Arab Emirates. The Caracal pistol series are the first pistols made in the United Arab Emirates and is the primary service issued pistol used by the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces.

Development
Starting in 2002, a team of European weapons designers and experts working in conjunction with the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces started the development of a range of modern pistols and accessories. The research and development team was led by the Austrian firearms designer Wilhelm Bubits who previously had designed the Steyr M pistol.

Before being put into production the Caracal pistol was evaluated through independent tests.
These tests were carried out by the Federal German Armed Forces Technical Center for Weapons and Ammunition (WTD 91) in Meppen, Germany which included metallurgic and composite analysis, functional fitness-for-purpose and quality evaluation, endurance firing, environmental exposure, safety and accuracy tests.
A certificate was issued  by the Bundeswehr Technical Center for Weapons and Ammunition (WTD 91) in May 2006 after the pistol successfully complied with the NATO D14 standard, the German Federal Police Standard and the German Federal Armed Forces Technical Purchasing requirements. These tests are the most stringent test protocols ever devised for a service firearm.

Small numbers of pre-production pistols were made in Suhl, Germany by Merkel. These pistols were given to a limited number of testers who were instructed to shoot them as much as possible to test for reliability and defects.

By the end of 2006, Caracal International L.L.C. was incorporated and registered as a company in Abu Dhabi. With that, the foundation of a pistol manufacturing industry was established for the first time in the GCC.

The pistols were unveiled at the International Defence Exhibition, IDEX 2007 in Abu Dhabi.

In February 2007 25,000 Caracal F pistols in 9 mm were ordered by various armies and security forces of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries.
The Caracal pistol is now the new service pistol of the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Jordan as of April, 2008.
The United Arab Emirates and Algeria established on November, 17th, 2008 a joint committee in order to test the Caracal pistol for further adoption by Algeria.
The Caracal pistols were originally slated to be introduced into the European market and made available to Austrian customers in early 2009; this was rectified at the IDEX 2009 exhibition, when Caracal announced that an export line to Italy was to be started with "the first samples delivered immediately after the IDEX". The Caracal pistols have been introduced on the Italian civilian/sport shooters market during the 2009 EXA expo (Brescia, 18–21 April 2009), and are being imported by the Italian arms company Fratelli Tanfoglio S.N.C.

On 15 January 2009 Caracal received an export licence from the United States, which will enable it to ship its products to the United States. According to Caracal's commercial director Saeed Ali Al Shamsi, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives gave its approval for sales in the United States in May 2009 and the company plans to embark on a soft launch of the firearms in America in 2010 with the handguns selling for up to US$720 (AED 2,650) in North America.

Besides the NATO and many other militaries standard 9×19mm Parabellum chambering, the manufacturer will offer this pistol also in the 9×21mm, .357 SIG and .40 Smith & Wesson chamberings. At the IDEX 2009, the company announced that work is being carried on to manufacture the Caracal pistols in .45 ACP, and that an SCHV (small-caliber/high-velocity) ammunition, along the lines of 5.7×28mm and 4.6×30mm, is also under study for military customers.

In October 2013 the original Caracal pistol line was delisted by the manufacturer. The original model line was replaced by the CP660, CP661 and CP662 models that are very similar to the original Caracal F, C and SC pistol models, but feature redesigned slides. In 2015 the CP660, CP661 and CP662 models were delisted and the Caracal F and C were listed again. The new Carcal F and C models have two pins through the trigger mechanism, where the recalled models featured only one pin.

At the 2016 SHOT Show Caracal and Wilcox Industries announced a new strategic partnership that would see Caracal firearms produced for the first time in the United States from Wilcox's world-class manufacturing facility in Newington, New Hampshire.

At the 2017 SHOT Show Caracal USA showcased the U.S. manufactured Enhanced F pistol, with new features such as an after a recall redesigned safety system made up of an integrated trigger safety, firing pin safety and drop safety, serrations on the forward end of the slide and dovetailed sights. MSRP for the Enhanced F is US$599. Projected consumer availability is targeted for mid-March 2017. The Enhanced F variant weighs  more than the original F pistol. The Enhanced F variant can be ordered with a coyote brown or olive drab grip frame, a threaded barrel for mounting a silencer and can mount aiming optics on its slide.

Demonstrations

Italy
On 9 October 2009, a briefing and shooting tests event has been held by Caracal International and Tanfoglio at the Futura Club shooting range, close to Rome, for representatives of the Italian military and law enforcement communities.

Participants from the Italian police and military forces included members of:
 the Nucleo Operativo Centrale di Sicurezza
 the Gruppo di Intervento Speciale
 the 17º Stormo Incursori of the Italian air force
 the 9th Parachute Assault Regiment of the Italian army
 Polizia Penitenziaria
 Guardia di Finanza
 Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
 U.S. State Department from the United States Embassy in Rome

Thailand
During Defence & Security 2009 (4–5 November 2009) in Thailand, a demonstration has been held on a local range where members of the armed forces, law enforcement and International Practical Shooting Confederation shooters have tested and evaluated the different models.

France
On 18 and 19 November 2009 a demonstration has been held during the Milipol 2009 exhibition in Paris. A group of representatives from the French police and their tactical units, Swiss police, German police, NATO forces and EU diplomatic security agents attended a briefing and presentation of the Caracal line of products.

Caracal made 40 pistols and an unlimited supply of ammunition available to members of the specialized press and French law enforcement community members for testing on a nearby shooting range in Issy-les-Moulineaux.

United States
Caracal USA is a subsidiary of Caracal International and the exclusive importer and manufacturer of Caracal products in the United States. Caracal products were formerly imported by Waffen Werks in Knoxville, Tennessee and Steyr Arms, Trussville, Alabama.

Design details

Features
The Caracal is a fully ambidextrous polymer framed pistol that features an ergonomically designed grip with a rounded butt and a grip angle of 111°. The lower forward edge of the frame has a mounting-bracket or rail interface system for mounting accessories.
The pistol's low slide profile design holds the pistol barrel axis close to the shooter's hand and makes the pistols more comfortable to shoot by reducing muzzle rise and allows faster aim recovery in rapid shooting sequence. The distance from the pistol barrel central axis to the top of the grip is . This low bore axis principle is also found in the Glock, Steyr M and in the later developed Arsenal Firearms Strike One pistols.

The metal slide guide rails are designed to be as long as possible to promote stability, by reducing torsion and flexing of the grip frame, during firing and a close fit between the slide and grip frame for plenty direct mechanical interaction between the slide and grip frame. Furthermore, the rails being part of the frame sub assembly that bears all internals, it is easier to assemble the mechanism for manufacturing or disassemble for maintenance and replacement.

The pistols have a fully supported chamber and fixed iron sights featuring straight- straight-eight pattern contrast enhancements of which the front element can be adjusted for windage. The unadjustable rear sight element is an integral part of the firing pin unit and can only be changed by exchanging the entire firing pin unit. The Enhanced F pistol introduced in 2017 features a none-integral dovetailed rear sight element. The pistols can be supplied with grip inserts in several distinctive colours (black, gray, green, blue and orange) that can be used for identification purposes. The grip size can not be adjusted with these grip inserts.

The metal parts receive a proprietary "Plasox" plasma-based nitriding with an enclosed post-oxidizing surface treatment producing a protective coating resistant to aggressive environmental conditions. The manufacturer claims that this proprietary protective layer method is relatively environmental friendly, is very durable and protects well against rust.
The metal parts of the U.S. produced Enhanced F receive a QPQ salt bath nitriding process.

There are however also two-tone Caracal pistols available with bright metal slides that did not receive the "Plasox" plasma-based nitriding surface treatment.

According to the manufacturer the 28 parts and components these pistols are made of are interchangeable for easy production and maintenance. A take-down lever allows the pistol to be disassembled without tools by the user.

The pistol is supplied with two box magazines and a user manual, packed in a plastic carry case.

Operating mechanism
The Caracal is a striker fired semi-automatic pistol, meaning the trigger system is of the hammerless short double-action-only type.
A cocking indicator below the rear sight indicates visibly and tactilely if the pistol is cocked and ready to fire.
The trigger travel is  with a trigger pull of .

Safety
The pistol features a triple safety system that secures the weapon against accidental discharge and consists of three independent safety mechanisms: an external integrated trigger safety and two automatic internal safeties – a firing pin safety and a drop safety.

The pistol has a loaded chamber indicator in the form of a witness opening at the rear of the chamber that allows the user to see from the top side of the slide if a cartridge is present in the chamber.

Ammunition feeding
The double-column type box magazine is released by an ambidextrous magazine release.

Accessories
Available factory accessories include a rigid shoulder stock, a tactical front grip which can be fitted to the optical mounting-bracket on the lower forward edge of the frame, a key-locking system to provide additional gun security when the pistol is not in use, a fibre glass front-sight insert, "gutter pattern" quick sights, self-luminous tritium powered low light sights, magazine loader and optical aiming sight mounting bracket.

A custom-made modular holster has been designed by Sandro Amadini. Ghost International modular system holster's unique  patented retention system GSS (Ghost Safety System) has been adapted to Caracal pistols. The innovative Ghost modular system with its various base plates allowing high ride, medium ride, tactical ride carry as well as concealed carry enhances and complements Caracal pistols qualities.

Variants

The pistol is available in several variants:

 Caracal F - Basic, full-size variant; original design
 Caracal C - Compact (reduced length and height) variant of the Caracal F
 Caracal SC - Subcompact pistol marketed as a primary weapon for government professionals who must conceal a handgun for job related situations, or as a secondary back up pistol; no longer available in 2015
 Caracal Enhanced F - Basic, full-size variant; replaced the Caracal F, upgraded safety system and other new features

A version of the Caracal adapted to high velocity ammunition like the 4.6×30mm used in the Heckler & Koch MP7 and the 5.7×28mm used in the FN P90 and the FN Five-Seven would be under development. This could be linked to the desire for a neighbouring country to adopt either the H&K MP7 or the FN P90 personal defense weapon.

Recall
On Sept. 9th, 2013 a recall was issued for all model C pistols made by Caracal stating:

Caracal is now issuing this recall of all Model C pistols in all markets, following the completion of a full investigation. Caracal is initiating this voluntary recall of Model C pistols because the safety of its customers is paramount.

This recall affects all Model C pistols, including but not limited to those with serial numbers which start with the following letters: HM, AA, AD, AG, CA, CB, CC, CD, CE, CF, CG, CH, CI, CJ, CK, CL, CM, CN, CP, CR and CS.

If you own or have access to a Caracal Model C pistol, PLEASE DO NOT LOAD OR FIRE YOUR PISTOL. Please contact Caracal customer care immediately to arrange to have your Model C pistol returned. Caracal will provide you with a full refund of the purchase price of your Caracal Model C pistol or vouchers for other Caracal products. Unfortunately, the potential safety issues cannot be addressed through a repair of the Model C pistol and all Model C pistols must be returned for refund.

In October 2016 Caracal USA announced that they will replace the recalled pistols with a Model F pistol upgraded with a redesigned trigger safety, trigger bar, firing pin unit.

Users

 Jordanian Armed Forces
 Jordanian police units
: Libyan National Army

 United Arab Emirates Armed Forces
 Abu Dhabi Police Force
 Dubai Police Force

Gallery

See also
CAR 816

References

External links

Caracal International LLC.
Caracal Consulting Pictures, videos, information

.357 SIG semi-automatic pistols
.40 S&W semi-automatic pistols
9mm Parabellum semi-automatic pistols
9×21mm IMI semi-automatic pistols
Weapons of the United Arab Emirates
Emirati inventions


Cecilia Inés Méndez (born April 21, 1986 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine fashion model who has been in advertising campaigns for Marithé et François Girbaud, Charles David, and Bottega Veneta.

Career
Méndez's modeling career began when an agent discovered Cecilia walking down the street in Buenos Aires. She's been in the New York, Milan, and Paris fashion shows walking for Alexander McQueen, Bottega Veneta, Burberry Prorsum, Chanel, Christian Dior, Dries van Noten, Issey Miyake, Marc Jacobs, Oscar de la Renta, Yohji Yamamoto and others.

Personal
Méndez is of Spanish, German, and Italian descent. She resides in New York City.

References

External links

 Cecilia Mendez profile at Models.com
 Cecilia Mendez on Myspace

Argentine female models
Living people
1986 births
Argentine people of Spanish descent
Argentine people of Italian descent
Argentine people of German descent
21st-century Argentine women


Box of Death (주검의 상자 - Jugeomeui sangja) is a 1955 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young. It was the celebrated director's debut film, and the first Korean film to use synchronous sound.

Synopsis
An anti-communist film about a plot to stir up pro-communist sympathies through an act of terrorism. A young village man foils the plot by infiltrating the communist camp and blowing it up instead.

Cast
 Choi Moo-ryong
 Kang Hyo-shil
 No Neung-geol
 Choi Nam-Hyun
 Kim Myung-soon
 Sin Dong-hun
 Ju In-seon

Notes

Bibliography

1955 films
1950s Korean-language films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
South Korean political films
1955 directorial debut films
South Korean black-and-white films
South Korean action films
1950s action films


Tess Mallos  (née Anastasia Calopades) (25 January 1933 – 31 July 2012)  was an Australian food and cooking writer, journalist, author, and commentator. She wrote a number of books on Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine.

Biography
Her parents, both from the Greek island of Kythera, emigrated to Australia where she was born and raised in the country town of Casino, New South Wales. Her father, Andonis Calopades arrived in Australia at the turn of the 20th century as an 11-year-old, and worked in the famous Kominos cafe in the central business district of Sydney. In 1919, he moved to Casino, where he ran the Marble Bar Cafe. Her mother was Calliope Manolliaras.

Mallos began her writing career in cooking as a freelance food consultant in advertising, creating and writing recipes for a wide range of food as well as preparing food for photography. Her first book in 1976 was the Greek Cook Book, which featured familiar recipes from her Greek heritage. Many books followed featuring recipes gathered from cuisines in the Mediterranean, Middle East and North Africa.

Mallos worked as food consultant to the Australian Meat Board, where she wrote editorials on meat cooking for some 80 publications throughout Australia, and 20 overseas countries. She also demonstrated her recipes in cooking segments on a number of Australian television cooking shows.

Mallos had three children.

Bibliography
 Greek Cook Book
 The Complete Mediterranean Cookbook
 Turkish Cooking
 Middle Eastern Cooking
 The Complete Middle East Cookbook
 Cooking of the Gulf: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates
 Cooking Moroccan
 North African Cooking
 Cooking in Colour
 Olive Oil
 Fillo Pastry Cookbook
 Middle Eastern Home Cooking
 Bean Cook Book
 The Barbecue Cookbook: For Kettle Grills & Other Covered Barbecues
 The Made in Australia Food Book: With Over 200 Recipes
 Meat Cookbook
 The Australian Book of Meat Cookery
 The Food of Morocco
 The Little Moroccan Cookbook

References

1933 births
2012 deaths
Australian people of Greek descent
Australian food writers
Australian non-fiction writers
Australian women writers
Women food writers
Women cookbook writers
People from Casino, New South Wales


Encore: The Best of The Clark Sisters is a greatest hits collection by seminal gospel singing group The Clark Sisters to be released on February 12, 2008, through Dexterity Sounds/Rhino Entertainment.

The collection is the first of its kind, chronicling the group's mid- to late-80's recordings for Word/A&M. Though the Clark Sisters made their mark on the genre as independent artists, this collection spans the albums Bringing It Back Home, Conqueror, and the Grammy-nominated Heart & Soul from their first major label recording contract.

Apart from the Word recordings, this collection opens with a new recording of their hit song "You Brought The Sunshine" featuring American Idol finalist Melinda Doolittle. Encore also includes The Clarks' "Follow The Star" (with Dorinda on lead) from the holiday compilation of the same name. The album includes commentary by sisters Jacky and Karen between songs.

Track listing
Tracks 2, 6, 7, 8, 10 originally appeared on the album Heart & Soul (1986). Tracks 3, 9, 11 originally appeared on the album Conqueror (1988). Tracks 4, 5, 13 originally appeared on the album Bringing It Back Home (1991).

 You Brought The Sunshine (feat. Melinda Doolittle)
 There Is A Balm In Gilead
 More Than A Conqueror
 My Redeemer Liveth (live)
 I've Got The Victory
 I Am Blessed
 Pray For The USA
 Time Out
 I Won't Let You Go Until You Bless My Soul
 Jesus Is A Love Song
 Take Me Higher
 Follow The Star (feat. Dorinda Clark-Cole and Angie Winans)
 Medley: Is My Living In Vain/You Brought The Sunshine/Hallelujah (live)

References

External links

2008 greatest hits albums
The Clark Sisters albums


Smithland is an unincorporated community in Hendricks Township, Shelby County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

History
Smithland was platted in 1851 by Hezekiah Smith, and named for him.

A post office was established at Smithland in 1853, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1901.

Geography
Smithland is located at .

References

Unincorporated communities in Shelby County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana
Indianapolis metropolitan area


The following article presents a summary of the 1930 football (soccer) season in Brazil, which was the 29th season of competitive football in the country.

Campeonato Paulista

Final Standings

Corinthians declared as the Campeonato Paulista champions.

State championship champions

Brazil national team
The following table lists all the games played by the Brazil national football team in official competitions and friendly matches during 1930.

References

 Brazilian competitions at RSSSF
 1930 Brazil national team matches at RSSSF

Seasons in Brazilian football
Brazil


St Mary's College Maryborough is a Catholic co-educational secondary school in Maryborough, Queensland, Australia.

History
Originally called the Christian Brothers' College, Maryborough, St Mary's College is a parish school which comprises the amalgamated schools of the Christian Brothers' College, Maryborough, and Saint Mary's Girls' High School. The Christian Brothers' school was originally opened on 3 September 1888.. Although staffed and named a Christian Brothers' school from 1888 to 1979 it was in fact a Parish school, owned and overseen by the Roman Catholic Parish of Saint Mary's Maryborough.  This school was amalgamated in 1979 with the Sisters of Mercy school, Maryborough, and was renamed St Mary's College, Maryborough.   This secondary college is a Parish school but is affiliated and administered through the auspices of the Brisbane Catholic Education Vicariate, also known as "BCE".

The Sisters of Mercy school in Maryborough was centred on St Michael's Convent located on the corner of Lennox and Walker streets. This building was designed by well-known architect F.D.G. Stanley. In the early days of the Convent School, the Sisters of Mercy placed a strong emphasis on music tuition. Annual concerts were held to demonstrate the high standard of performance achieved by the pupils.

In November 1890, three of the Christian brothers from the school received some money from the citizens in appreciation of their contribution to education in Maryborough. Brothers Cotter, Noonan and Lawless were congratulated on their efforts in helping three students pass the Sydney University Junior Examination.

The Golden Jubilee of the Sisters of Mercy in Maryborough was celebrated in October 1930, with a concert held in the Maryborough City Hall.

On 22 June 1920, Archbishop Duhig blessed extensions to the Christian Brothers' High School in Maryborough.

In May 1922, a fundraising fete was held to assist the Sisters of Mercy to pay for extensions to the chapel in St Michael's Convent. A similar fundraiser had been held the previous year to defray debt incurred by the Christian Brothers in running the Christian Brothers' College in Maryborough. In early 1941, the a case of infantile paralysis occurred in the infants school of what was then known as St Michael's Convent School, and some of the classes were closed under the government policy of the day.

References

Bibliography
 100 Years and More – Catholicism in Maryborough 1849–1980 local history text.

External links
http://www.smcm.qld.edu.au/
http://www.parishes.bne.catholic.net.au/maryborough/history.html
http://www.parishes.bne.catholic.net.au/maryborough/

Schools in Wide Bay–Burnett
Maryborough, Queensland
Catholic secondary schools in Queensland
Educational institutions established in 1888
1888 establishments in Australia


The Pont Neuf, French for "New Bridge" (a.k.a. Pont de Pierre and Grand Pont), is a bridge from the 16th and 17th centuries in Toulouse, in the South of France.

Begun in 1544 and completed in 1632, its construction was made particularly long and difficult by the violent floods of the Garonne and the unstable nature of the subsoil. The architect Jacques Lemercier, who carried out the work at the beginning of the 17th century, made it an innovative bridge for its time.

Construction
Envisaged by the capitouls (the consuls at the head of the city) at the end of the 15th century, the decision to build a large bridge over the Garonne in Toulouse was pushed by King Francis I, who saw a strategic interest in it in the face of the then threatening Spain of Charles V.

The Pont Neuf in Toulouse is considered a masterpiece of the Renaissance and early 17th century. Started in the 16th century by Toulouse craftsmen, it was completed by the Parisian architect Jacques Lemercier. Along with the Pont Neuf in Paris and the Henry IV bridge in Châtellerault, the Toulouse bridge belongs to a new generation of innovative structures that were free of the houses and stores that cluttered the deck of medieval bridges. Moreover, Lemercier made a synthesis between bridges of Roman antiquity, for the use of superimposed spouts intended to spread the current and for the openings on the piers, and works of the Italian Renaissance such as the Ponte Sisto of Rome for its oculi or the Ponte Santa Trinita of Florence for its lowered arches allowing to moderate the difference in level.

Original planning for the bridge started in 1542 by the assembly of a committee of master masons and carpenters.  Construction started on the foundations in 1544; the first arch was started in 1614.  The bridge was finished and put into service in 1632, and was inaugurated on 19 October 1659 by king Louis XIV. The quality of its design made it the only bridge in Toulouse to withstand the terrible flood of 1875, which destroyed all the other bridges in the city (although they were more recent) as well as 1400 houses.

The bridge is not symmetrical because the left bank is several metres lower than the right bank; the longest arch is the third from the right-hand bank.  The openings through the piers were originally supposed to represent the face and mane of a lion.  A triumphal archway added in 1642 constricted traffic and was removed in 1860.

It is 220m long, and has 7 arches.

Gallery

See also
 Renaissance architecture of Toulouse

References

External links

 Pont Neuf pictures
 Histoire de la construction

Buildings and structures in Toulouse
Deck arch bridges
Bridges in France
Bridges completed in 1632
Stone bridges in France
Transport in Toulouse
Bridges over the Garonne
Tourist attractions in Toulouse
1632 establishments in France
Pont Neuf


Prostitution in Cuba is not officially illegal; however, there is legislation against pimps, sexual exploitation of minors, and pornography. Sex tourism has existed in the country, both before and after the 1959 Cuban Revolution. Many Cubans do not consider the practice immoral. In Cuban slang, female prostitutes are called Jineteras, and gay male prostitutes are called Jineteros or Pingueros. The terms literally mean "jockey" or "rider", and colloquially "sexual jockey", and connotes sexual control during intercourse. The terms also have the broader meaning of "hustler", and are related to jineterismo, a range of illegal or semi-legal economic activities related to tourism in Cuba. Stereotypically a jinetera is represented as a working-class Afro-Cuban woman. Black and mixed-race prostitutes are generally preferred by foreign tourists seeking to buy sex on the island. UNAIDS estimate there are 89,000 prostitutes in the country.

Sex trafficking is a problem in the country.

History

Colonial Cuba
The country, and Havana in particular, has often been associated with prostitution in foreign eyes. From the late sixteenth century onwards, Havana was a port of call for transatlantic sailing ships, and developed an economy serving the needs of sailors and passengers. During times of economic slump in Caribbean sugar plantations, slave owners would place slave women on the urban market as prostitutes, or send out female slaves as prostitutes for ships' crews. Havana's rapidly-expanding urban population in the mid-nineteenth century, a result of the booming tobacco industry, led to colonial officials re-locating prostitutes to the margins of the city. Under Spanish law slaves had the right to buy their own freedom, and some of the slaves working in Havana households used prostitution as a way of raising money for this purpose. The abolition of slavery in 1886, and Cuba's three liberation wars against Spain, resulted in the migration of significant numbers of Afro-Cuban workers to Havana in search of housing and employment. A public debate followed concerning the relationship between the changes in the city's demographics and the levels of prostitution in the city. Havana's prostitutes used pseudonyms to protect their identity, and advertise their personal characteristics or skills. Attempts to regulate prostitution in the late nineteenth century arose as a result of concerns about syphilis among soldiers. After the Spanish–American War, there were attempts to set up "zonas de tolerancia", effectively red-light districts for commercial sex. At this time there were around 200 registered brothels in Havana. Cultural and literary sources attest to the existence of male prostitutes during this period. However, they were not officially classified as prostitutes, but instead treated as criminals guilty of the crime of sodomy.

In Havana, Cuba during the late 19th century, a group of sex workers who called them Las Horizontales produced a newspaper La Cebolla.

Independence
In 1913, President Mario García Menocal announced Cuba's deregulation law, saying that regulated prostitution was "incompatible with ... the spirit of freedom that governs our nation". During the first half of the 20th century, Havana was thought of, and depicted as, "the whorehouse of the Caribbean". Prostitution in 1920s Cuba was a flourishing business, so much so that the Minister for the Interior made efforts to "solve the problem of prostitution". The number of prostitutes in Havana increased from 4,000 in 1912 to 7,400 in 1931. For many men, a visit to a prostitute was a celebrated feature of a trip to the city. By the late 1950s, about 270 brothels operated in Havana, with more than 11,500 women working as prostitutes. The city's Plaza del Vapor functioned as a large marketplace for prostitution. Descriptions of brothels routinely appeared in tourist guidebooks, and there were sex shows and live pornographic theaters such as the Shanghai Theater and the Tokyo Cabaret. The English novelist Graham Greene, writing in his autobiography Ways of Escape, described: "the Shanghai Theatre where for one dollar and twenty-five cents one could see a nude cabaret of extreme obscenity with the bluest of blue films in the intervals." The American journalist David Detzer wrote that, "Brothels flourished. A major industry grew up around them; government officials received bribes, policemen collected protection money. Prostitutes could be seen standing in doorways, strolling the streets, or leaning from windows". Brothels, casinos, and nightclubs were increasingly controlled by organized crime based in the United States. Tourism had become Cuba's second-largest earner of foreign currency, with around 350,000 visitors per year, and the brothels and bars of Havana catered to Americans visiting on weekend excursions. Cuban prostitutes also worked at the US Guantanamo Bay Naval Base. The sex industry in 1950s Cuba was primarily based on the provision of sexual "services" by black and mixed race women to predominantly white North American men. It drew upon a tradition of exoticising mixed-race Cuban women which originated in the work of male Cuban writers, artists, and poets.

Cuban Revolution
Following the Cuban Revolution in 1959, the new Cuban government saw prostitutes as victims of corrupt and foreign capitalism, and viewed prostitution itself as a "social illness", a product of Cuba's pre-revolutionary capitalist culture, rather than a crime. In 1961, pimping was outlawed. Prostitution itself remained legal, but the government, assisted by the Federation of Cuban Women, attempted to curb it. Medical clinics for health examinations were established, along with rehabilitation programs for pimps and re-education programs for former prostitutes. A census of the sex industry was conducted in 1961, identifying 150,000 prostitutes and 3,000 pimps. Troops raided the red-light districts of Havana, and rounded up hundreds of women, photographed and fingerprinted them, and required them to have physical examinations. Women who wished to leave prostitution were given training courses, and offered factory jobs. The result was that, officially, prostitution was eliminated from Cuba, a situation which continued for three decades. Transactional sex continued during this period, with some women forming relationships with high-status men, in return for better access to consumer goods. During the "Revolutionary Offensive" of 1968, the claim was made that privately owned nightclubs and bars were havens of prostitution. Most of the remaining private businesses on the island were nationalized. In the 1970s, some women were independently offering sex in Havana hotels, in exchange for consumer goods, but prostitution remained extremely limited until the early 1990s.

Special Period

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, Cuba experienced economic depression, resulting from the loss of income from Soviet trade. This Special Period saw the re-introduction of elements of market capitalism into the Cuban economy, and prostitution re-appeared. The need for foreign capital resulted in a dual economy. The possession of US dollars became a primary route to prosperity, and prostitution was an avenue used by many women to obtain them. The development of the Cuban tourist industry resulted in the income available from prostitution being many times greater than professional salaries in the country, and university-educated women turned to dollar-earning prostitution in the tourist sector. Young women began selling sex to tourists in a style that resembled the sex tourism that had become established in Southeast Asia, and Cuban prostitutes began to dress in ways which made their profession clear. The British-born writer Pico Iyer reported in 1994 that, "Prostitution, which was scarcely visible (if only for security reasons) five years ago, is pandemic now: The tourist hotels are filled with Cuban teen-agers reddening their lips with children's crayons". Prostitution was practiced widely and openly in tourist areas, and was generally tolerated by the police, for the revenue it brought into the country. In some cases, prostitution was seen as a possible route to a better life through marriage and emigration.

In 1995, a new economic policy was introduced, marking the country's worst economic period. Financial need was the primary motivation for people entering prostitution during this time, and Cuba gained a reputation as the "Thailand of the Caribbean". However, in Cuba, the situation had some differences from other developing countries. Prostitutes in Cuba did not work in oppressive conditions, alcohol and drug addiction were not routes into prostitution, and people were not sold into prostitution by their families. Julia O'Connell Davidson noted in her 1996 article "Sex Tourism in Cuba" that, "In Cuba there is no network of brothels, no organized system of bar prostitution; in fact, third-party involvement in the organization of prostitution is rare". Women's fiction increasingly included the subject of prostitution, and Cuban theatres began to stage foreign plays about prostitution. Prostitution also began to be presented in Cuban films, acting as a metaphor for the downfall of the socialist system and for the island being sold out to foreign tourists and investors. Prostitutes were often represented as individualistic, greedy, lazy women. Male-to-male sex workers, known as jineteros or pingueros, appeared during the Special Period, and were a significant part of the developing Cuban gay scene when LGBT rights in Cuba began to develop.

Government attempts to limit prostitution began in 1998, and have continued since. In 2004, prostitutes could still be seen in Havana after sunset, outside the main tourist hotels and certain discos and bars, or hitchhiking along the Malecón highway. Dressed in skimpy clothes, they would proposition tourists or invite them to nightclubs, where cash-for-sex could be suggested more discreetly. However, by 2007, prostitution had been significantly reduced, and was no longer practiced openly and widely in tourist areas.

Child prostitution
Incidences of child prostitution were reported during the Special Period, and subsequent investigations by foreign journalists have reported cases of child prostitution, with the clientele mainly being sex tourists. Cuban laws prohibit the sexual exploitation of girls or boys aged under 15, and those convicted can be sentenced to maximum of 30 years in prison, or the death penalty if there are aggravating factors.

Sex trafficking

Cuba is a source and destination country for adults and children subjected to sex trafficking. Child sex trafficking and child sex tourism occur within Cuba. Cuban authorities report people from ages 13 to 20 are most vulnerable to human trafficking in the country. Traffickers also subject Cuban citizens to sex trafficking in South America, the Caribbean, and the United States. Traffickers recruit Cuban citizens through promises of work abroad, providing fraudulent contracts and immigration documents for a fee, and subsequently coercing these individuals into prostitution to pay off these debts. The government reported foreign national sex trafficking victims in Cuba.

The penal code's definition of sex trafficking conflates sex trafficking with prostitution and pimping. The law criminalizes inducement to or benefiting from prostitution, but treats force, coercion, and abuse of power or vulnerability as aggravating factors rather than an integral part of the crime. These provisions prescribe penalties ranging from four to 10 years imprisonment with more severe penalties for complicit government officials.

The United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons ranks Cuba as a 'Tier 3 Watch List' country since 2019, before which it was Tier 2.

AIDS
AIDS, which had been controlled through public health measures, began to rise during the 1990s. In the early part of the decade, people with the HIV virus were quarantined. Between 1986 and 1998, a total of 1,980 people tested positive for the virus in Cuba, and a further 3,879 more were discovered to have the virus between 1998 and 2004. According to United Nations sources, the early detection of the virus has been assisted by the country's free primary care clinics. The United States embargo against Cuba has prevented Cuba from purchasing medical supplies from the US, but medical scientists in Cuba have synthesised some of the antiviral drugs used in the management of HIV/AIDS, and these have been provided to patients at no cost. In 2004, the country had thirteen AIDS sanatoriums, and a stay of between three and six months in one was compulsory for anyone found to be HIV positive. At that time, World Health Organization figures put the infection rate at less than 0.1 percent of the population, the lowest in the Western Hemisphere, one-sixth that of the US, and far below that in many neighbouring countries. A public-education campaign in schools and on television and radio promotes the use of condoms and informs people about how HIV is transmitted. Additionally, government subsidies for condoms (both domestic and imported) means prophylactic prices remain very low. Prostitution is not considered to be a major factor in the spread of AIDS, with only a small number of people admitted to sanatoriums being former prostitutes. The low level of infection and the relatively inexpensive price of sex have made the island popular with foreigners as a sex tourism destination. Another incentive is the lack of social stigma associated with single male tourists visiting Cuba, in comparison with the better-known sex tourism destinations of Thailand and Cambodia.

See also

 Crime in Cuba
 Human trafficking in Cuba
 La Macorina
 Sex tourism
 Sociolismo
 Malandragem

References

Further reading

Society of Cuba
Economy of Cuba


Beasts of Prey (육식동물 - Yukshik dongmul), also known as Carnivore and Carnivorous Animals, is a 1985 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young.

Plot
A social drama about a man with an inferiority complex to his wife. When he seeks consolation in an extramarital affair, his mistress and wife conspire to set up a plan for sharing him.

Cast
Kim Sung-kyom
No Gyeong-sin
Chung Jae-soon
Kim Seong-geun
Han U-ri
Yang Hui-ran
Eom Sim-jeong
Bae Gyu-bin
Choe Il
Yeo Jae-ha

References

Bibliography

External links

1980s Korean-language films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
South Korean drama films


Chilworth may refer to:
Chilworth, Hampshire
Chilworth, Surrey
Chilworth railway station in Chilworth, Surrey
 Chilworth nature reserve, Beecroft, New South Wales


Alasin is the third single from the Ruoska album, Amortem.  In Finnish, "Alasin" means Anvil.  This single also features the music video for Mies yli laidan.

Track listings
 "Alasin"
 "Mies yli laidan" music video

References

External links
 Additional information (in Finnish)
 "Alasin" lyrics

Ruoska songs
2006 singles
2006 songs
EMI Records singles


Brisbane Catholic Education is the educational Vicariate of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brisbane, Queensland.

History
The institution now known as Brisbane Catholic Education had its seed in the first Catholic school in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brisbane, started by Mary and Michael Bourke in Elizabeth Street, Brisbane in 1845.

Schools were often independently set up by Parish priests within their own parishes, sometimes by religious institutes, either at the request of the Archbishops or the local parish priests or sometimes independently under the charism of the religious institute.

Brisbane Catholic Education has been providing Christian education in a Catholic tradition for over 150 years. As at 2017, there were139 schools in the Brisbane Catholic Education community with the most recently opened being St Clare's Primary School in Yarrabilba.

References

External links
Diocesan web-site

Education in Queensland

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brisbane


The Fokker S.II was a 1920s Dutch primary trainer built by the Fokker company for service with the Dutch Army.

Development

The S.II was designed by Reinhold Platz as the second Fokker primary trainer, but unlike the earlier S.I monoplane the S.II was an unequal-span single-bay biplane with a fixed cross-axle landing gear. It had side-by-side seating for an instructor and pupil and was originally powered by an 82 kW (110 hp) Thulin rotary engine. The engine was later replaced with a Le Rhone-Oberursel engine.

The aircraft was ordered by the LVA (Dutch Army Aviation) who purchased 15. One aircraft was modified to use a Curtiss OX-5 engine to elicit a response from the United States Army Air Service but they were not interested and the aircraft was returned to standard configuration.

Operation history
The 15 aircraft served with the Dutch Army until 1932 but one of the aircraft were converted to an Ambulance configuration and designated the S.IIA. It was still in service when German forces invaded the Netherlands in 1940. The S.IIA gained national notability in December 1933, when it was used for a mercy flight to carry two sick children and  a young woman to hospital.

Variants

S.II
Production version, 15 built.
S.IIA
One S.II modified to carry stretchers as an ambulance aircraft.

Operators

Dutch Army Aviation

Soviet Air Force - Two aircraft.

Specifications (S.II)

References

 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1899

1920s Dutch military trainer aircraft
S.II
Aircraft first flown in 1922
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft


Defiance of a Teenager (Hangul: 10대의 반항; Hanja: 10代의 反抗) is a 1959 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young. It comes after First Snow and before Sad Pastorale in Kim's trilogy of films about human survival during wartime.

Plot
A melodrama about a group of delinquent teenagers under the leadership of a corrupt boss.

Cast
Hwang Hae-nam
Um Aing-ran
Jo Mi-ryeong
Ahn Sung-ki
Hwang Jeong-sun

Awards

Buil Film Award

References

External links

1950s Korean-language films
South Korean drama films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
Films about juvenile delinquency
1959 drama films


Peck Mountain of south-central Connecticut,  , is a traprock mountain ridge located in Cheshire, Connecticut. It is part of the narrow, linear Metacomet Ridge that extends from Long Island Sound near New Haven, north through the Connecticut River Valley of Massachusetts to the Vermont border. The Metacomet Ridge continues south from Peck Mountain as Mount Sanford and north as a diminishing series of hills that extend into Southington, Connecticut.

See also
 Metacomet Ridge
 Adjacent summits:

References
 Farnsworth, Elizabeth J. (2004). "Metacomet-Mattabesett Trail Natural Resource Assessment." Retrieved November 1, 2007.
 Cheshire Land Trust
 Traprock Wilderness Recovery Strategy
 Topozone.com

Cheshire, Connecticut
Mountains of Connecticut
Metacomet Ridge, Connecticut
Landforms of New Haven County, Connecticut


Maryna Linchuk (; born 4 September 1987) is a Belarusian model.

Modeling career
Linchuk was scouted aged 16 while still at high school. In 2006 Linchuk signed with an agency in New York. Along with Mat Gordon and Valeria Garcia, Linchuk was one of the faces of Escada's Moon Sparkle fragrance under the alias Simone. She was also the Fall/Winter 2008–2010 face of the Miss Dior Cherie fragrance, directed by Sofia Coppola.

She has appeared in advertisements for Versace, Donna Karan, Dior, Gap, H&M, Kenneth Cole, Escada, Dolce & Gabbana and Max Mara. She walked in the 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2013 Victoria's Secret Fashion Shows, as well as for designers Givenchy, Gucci, Michael Kors, Prada, Christian Lacroix, Dior, Versace, Balmain, Louis Vuitton, Valentino and many others.

Linchuk has also been featured on the covers of other international Vogue such as Italian, Russian, German, Japanese, Spanish, starred in Vogue US,  Vogue Paris declared her one of the top 30 models of the 2000s.

She was cast and played a short role in Sofia Coppola's movie Somewhere, which released in 2010.

She appeared in the music video for the song "Waves" by Mr Probz.

Personal life
Linchuk is currently engaged to her partner Brian Casey, with whom she has two daughters.

References

External links

 Photos of Maryna Linchuk at Style.com

1987 births
Living people
Models from Minsk
Belarusian female models
The Lions (agency) models


China Feiyue Sewing Machinery Group was founded in 1986 by Qiu Jibao, and is one of the largest non-state enterprises in China. Its headquarters are in Taizhou, Zhejiang province, and the company has over 30 international offices in other countries.

Overview
The group produces 31 series of domestic and industrial sewing equipment, including over 300 separate products. Most of the group's sales are of computerized industrial sewing machines, electronic domestic sewing machines, and automated embroidery machines. Annual sales have reached US$166,000,000.00 worldwide and have been increasing steadily for the last decade, with the company supplying international companies such as the Singer Corporation.

At the beginning of 2009, China Feiyue went through a restructuring process in order to minimize financial damage from the 2008 global financial crisis. Feiyue saw its sales plummet due to fear of an economic downturn from its largest customers. As part of the restructuring, the company gained several new investors, and the company was able to enter other markets such as recycling, automotive and other industries with the help of the new participants.

China Feiyue USA Inc.
China Feiyue USA Inc. was established in 1997 in Pomona, California, primarily to gather market data and research information about the North American market, but also to offer aftersales service to North American customers. The company has since moved its facilities to Chino, California. To date, it has formed partnerships with over 1,500 dealers in the United States to promote, distribute or service Feiyue products. China Feiyue USA Inc. is led by general manager Ke Dong, a native of Hangzhou, China.

See also
 List of sewing machine brands

References

External links
 Official website

Manufacturing companies of China
Chinese brands
Companies based in Taizhou, Zhejiang
Companies established in 1986
Sewing machine brands


Radium is the third album of Finnish industrial metal band Ruoska; it was released on 22 March 2005. Two remixes of the song "Kosketa" were included on the Tuonen viemää and Helvettiin jäätynyt singles. A remix of "Irti" was also included on Helvettiin jäätynyt single.

Track listing
"Veriura"  ('Fuller') - 4:20
"Kosketa" ('Touch') - 3:51
"Käärmeenpesä" ('Serpent's Nest') - 4:57
"Irti" ('Off!') - 3:43
"Tuonen viemää" (Taken by death) - 3:47
"Kiiraslapsi" ('Purgatory Child') - 3:55
"Multaa ja loskaa" ('Soil and Slush') - 3:52
"Narua" ('String') - 3:59
"Rumavirsi" ('Ugly Hymn') - 3:25
"Herraa hyvää kiittäkää" ('Thank the Good Lord') - 3:29
"Isän kädestä" ('By fathers hand') - 4:01

Line-up
During the album recording, these were the band members:
Patrik Mennander (vocals)
Anssi Auvinen (guitar)
Kai Ahvenranta (guitar)
Mika Kamppi (bass)
Sami Karppinen (drums)

Music videos
The only song from this album made into a music video is "Tuonen viemää".

References
 Radium at Epe's Music Store Suomi

External links
English fansite

Ruoska albums
2005 albums


Cristina Eustace (born as Cristina Yasmin Rascón Meléndez on May 25, 1979, in the city of Chihuahua) is a Mexican singer. She was also the winner of the fifth season of Objetivo Fama. This show was a Puerto Rican television singing talent contest in the form of a reality show, broadcast by Telefutura in the United States and by Univision Puerto Rico.

Biography

Early years
Cristina Eustace was born in Chihuahua, Mexico on May 25 to Carlos Rascón and Cristina Meléndez. From a young age, she showed interest on the arts. At the age of 14, Cristina sang with De la Garza Group that performed songs spanning various musical genres including traditional Mexican, Norteño, and American Pop & Rock. She also performed musicals with Taller de Arte in Chihuahua, where she was the narrator for Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat.

While attending high school in Mexico City, she performed in the Valores Bacardi y Compania nationwide singing contest where she was chosen as a finalist among thousands of contestants and was offered a scholarship to Conceptos, a singing academy run by Televisa, the largest Spanish-speaking media company. During this period, she performed in well-known theaters in Mexico City including Teatro Libanes where she performed in various musicals including Evita, the long running Hercules, and, again, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat.

At 18, she gained significant exposure from her work with Conceptos and was chosen by Jose Antonio Gonzáles to perform with Son de Mexico, a classical Mexican group sponsored by Mexicana Airlines. With Son de Mexico, she traveled throughout Mexico, South America, and the United States performing for Mexican embassies, political events, national festivals, and concerts. The group consistently appeared on national television broadcasts in Mexico including Al Fin de Semana, Pacatelas, and El Espacio de Tatiana. Cristina was also featured on national radio broadcasts including Al Son de Mexico. The group recorded two albums, including "Si Tu Me Dices Ven".

Cristina has performed as an opening act for groups in Mexico and the United States including Kumbia Kings, Aida Cuevas, Los Huracanes de Norte. She also earned a scholarship to the University of Texas at El Paso in 2000 and was on the Dean's List for excellent academic performance throughout her tenure there ultimately earning a bachelor's degree in marketing.

Prior to winning Objetivo Fama 5, Cristina played in Dallas with the following bands: The Heat, Los big sexy, and Alebrije.

Personal life
Cristina was married to Scott Eustace . She has a son by the name of Andres Esteban Loaiza with Esteban Loaiza, a Mexican retired professional baseball pitcher.

Music career

Objetivo Fama
In 2007, Cristina auditioned for Objetivo Fama in Miami, Florida. She was chosen and traveled to Puerto Rico to compete in the show which began in February 2008. During the show, she always surprised with her performances receiving favorable critics from the judges and the audience all throughout.

On May 18, 2008, she was announced as the winner of the show, which will grant her a contract with Univision Music Group. Despite many people agreeing that she was one of the most talented contestants, her victory was questioned because of recent irregularities and controversies that surfaced about the credibility of the show.

On May 20, 2008, two days after winning the show, she offered her first private concert where she shared stage with some of her fellow contestants.

Vive El Sueño

On August 31, 2009, she participated in a show presented by Univision National TV where she was named the best singer in the competition, she won 2nd place.

De los Pies hasta la Frente and Jamás Te Dejaré
After closing the chapter on the powers of song, the Mexican Cristina started to promote her album for the Mexican public "De los Pies hasta la Frente," Regional Mexican music, this album shows her romantic side, as a strong woman.

The disc contains only six songs, with the purpose of being "accessible" to the public, but the March 23, 2010, at Puerto Rico, she released a new album (EP) to her US and Puerto Rican public, in addition to these songs, including pop ballad versions. Although her followers knew playing different genres, Cristina tried to nurture this album with the music she grew up also includes a domestic violence song.

Cristina admitted her participation in "Viva el Sueño" was only to be released throughout the United States and "refresh" the memory of the people that she is a new artist.

Discography
Studio albums
2009: De los Pies hasta la Frente
2011: Golpes de Pecho

EPs
2010: Jamás Te Dejaré

References

External links
Official Website

1979 births
Singers from Chihuahua (state)
People from Chihuahua City
Living people
University of Texas at El Paso alumni
21st-century Mexican singers
21st-century Mexican women singers


Archbishopric of Cologne may refer to:

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne, the spiritual jurisdiction of the archbishops of Cologne since
Electorate of Cologne, the temporal jurisdiction of the archbishops of Cologne between the mid-13th century and 1801

See also
Archbishop of Cologne


Llanfihangel (English: St Michael's Church) can refer to the following places in Wales:

Llanfihangel (Powys electoral ward), including Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa
Llanfihangel Aberbythych, Carmarthenshire
Llanfihangel Bachellaeth, Gwynedd
Llanfihangel y Creuddyn, Ceredigion
Llanfihangel-ar-Arth, Carmarthenshire
Llanfihangel Crucorney, Monmouthshire
Llanfihangel Genau'r Glyn, the former name for Llandre, Ceredigion
Llanfihangel Glyn Myfyr, Conwy
Llantarnam (Welsh: Llanfihangel Llantarnam), Torfaen
Llanfihangel Nant Brân, Powys
Llanfihangel Nant Melan, Powys
Llanfihangel Penbedw, a former parish in the Hundred of Kilgerran, Pembrokeshire
Llanfihangel Rhos-y-Corn, Carmarthenshire
Llanfihangel Rhydithon, Powys
Llanfihangel Talyllyn, Powys
Llanfihangel Tor-y-Mynydd, Monmouthshire
Llanfihangel Tre'r Beirdd, on the Isle of Anglesey
Llanfihangel-y-Pennant, a community in Gwynedd
Llanfihangel-y-Pennant, Dolbenmaen, a village in the community of Dolbenmaen, Gwynedd
Llanfihangel-y-Rug is nowadays called Llanrug
Llanfihangel-y-traethau, a church near the village of Ynys, Gwynedd
Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa, Powys
Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog, Isle of Anglesey


Elegy of Ren (hangul: 렌의 애가, Renui aega) is a 1969 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young and starring Kim Jin-kyu and Kim Ji-mee.

Plot
The film is a wartime melodrama about an artist and a woman who helps him to paint.

Cast
Kim Jin-kyu as Simon<
Kim Ji-mee as Ren
Kim Myeong-jin
Baek Yeong-min
Park Am
Sa Mi-ja as Simon's wife
Kim Sin-jae
Ji Bang-yeol
Kim Se-ra
Lim Hae-lim

Notes

Bibliography

External links

1960s Korean-language films
South Korean action drama films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
1960s action drama films


{{Infobox person
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| birthname   = Sophie Rebecca Long
| birth_date  =
| birth_place = Torquay, Devon, England
| death_date  =
| death_place =
| education   =
| occupation  = Journalist, Newsreader
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| credits     = SpotlightBBC News Channel| agent       =
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Sophie Rebecca Long (born 7 December 1976) is an English journalist who works for BBC News, mainly appearing as a presenter on the BBC News Channel.

On 18 March 2013, Long and co-presenter Simon McCoy read the final BBC News bulletin from BBC Television Centre.

Early life
Long was born in Torquay, and in part raised in Weston-super-Mare when her parents moved there. She attended Broadoak School in Weston. She did her A-levels at Weston College's Sixth Form Centre.

After graduating from King's College London with a degree in War Studies, she worked as an election monitor in Cambodia. Long returned to the UK, working for Reuters news agency before moving to ITN as a newsroom assistant in London.

Journalism career
After gaining a BBC scholarship, the first bursary endowed in honour of the late Jill Dando, Long studied for a diploma in broadcast journalism at Falmouth College of Arts. On gaining her qualifications, she worked at BBC Radio Cornwall and as a reporter for Spotlight, before joining the BBC's News Training Scheme, working for BBC Radio Shropshire and BBC Hereford and Worcester.

Long then became a news presenter for Midlands Today breakfast and lunchtime slots, before returning to Plymouth to become a main presenter on Spotlight. Long also presented the South West issue of The Politics Show, before moving to be a stand-in presenter and News Correspondent on the BBC News Channel. She soon gave up reporting to cover Annita McVeigh's maternity leave, presenting between 7 pm and 10 pm on Fridays, and between 7 pm and midnight on Saturdays and Sundays alongside Chris Lowe, as well as occasionally filling in during the week. She became the presenter of the weekend on the 4-7 pm shift on Saturdays and worked as a general relief presenter, particularly on weekday afternoons alongside Jon Sopel and Julian Worricker respectively. From March 2013, Long presented on Monday and Friday mornings until the slots were axed in favour of the new Victoria Derbyshire programme in April 2015. Long now appears as a news correspondent across the BBC, as well as regularly presenting the 8 pm BBC News Summary.

In May 2010, she travelled with Nick Clegg during the general election campaign, and in March 2011 reported live for the BBC News Channel from Central London during the anti-cuts protest march.

On 27 July 2011, she provided reports and coverage from the Olympic Park site, which is home to various venues and stadia for the London 2012 Summer Olympics on the day the UK celebrated the year to go milestone.

In November 2011, Long travelled to the Middle East on a fact finding mission with the Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre (BICOM), visiting campaigning groups in Israel and the West Bank, and meeting Israeli and Palestinian leaders.

Shortly before 1 pm on 18 March 2013, Long and co-presenter Simon McCoy read the final BBC News bulletin from BBC Television Centre, with BBC News moving to Broadcasting House in the West End of London for the BBC News at One''.

After a stint covering the Far East Sophie is now the BBC News LA Correspondent.

Personal life
Sophie Long married Will Green in June 2010 in Cornwall after dating for many years. The marriage ended two years later.

References

External links

1976 births
Alumni of Falmouth University
Alumni of King's College London
BBC newsreaders and journalists
English journalists
Living people
Mass media people from Torquay
People from Weston-super-Mare


Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88.

Radium may also refer to:

Places
Radium, Colorado, United States
Radium, Kansas, United States
Radium, Minnesota, United States
Radium, Virginia, United States
Radium Hot Springs, BC, Canada

Computing
Radium, software for Sirius Satellite Radio
Radium, software for module files
Radium (warez), a software piracy group

Other uses
Radium Futebol Clube, a Brazilian association football club
Radium (horse), an Australian campdrafting horse and sire
Radium (album), an album by Ruoska
FiXT Radium, the Radium label from music company FiXT
Radium Flour, a former brand of flour sold in Canada produced by the maker of Robin Hood Flour
Radium Line, a marine transportation company operating out of Port Radium, NWT, Canada
Radium weed, Euphorbia peplus, also known as Petty Spurge
Radium Lavans, a fictional character from Zone of the Enders

See also

 Ra (disambiguation)
 Radium Springs (disambiguation)
 Radium Queen (disambiguation)
 Radium Institute (disambiguation)
 Radium Express (disambiguation)


First Snow (초설 – Choseol) is a 1958 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young.

Plot
A melodrama about refugees existing on the black market surrounding the Yongsan U.S. army base after the Korean War.

Cast
Kim Ji-mee
Kim Seung-ho
Park Am
Choi Sam
Choi Nam-hyun
Na Ae-sim
Ahn Sung-ki

Bibliography

References

External links

1950s Korean-language films
South Korean drama films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
1958 drama films
1958 films


Lindsay Marie Ellingson (born November 19, 1984) is an American model. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2011 to 2014.

Early life
Ellingson, who is of Norwegian ancestry, was born in San Bernardino County, California, and grew up in Moreno Valley, California. Prior to being discovered on the street, she went to college at the University of California, San Diego to study biology. After a test shoot, she was sent to Paris by her model agency, where she met John Galliano who put her on the map.

Career
Ellingson first walked the runway in the Spring/Summer 2005 ready-to-wear shows. She has walked in numerous shows including Shiatzy Chen, Blumarine, Chanel, Christian Dior, John Galliano, Gucci, Valentino, Lacoste, Victorias Secret, Marc Jacobs, Oscar de la Renta, Zac Posen, Diane Von Furstenberg, Sophie Theallet, and Giorgio Armani. Her campaigns include Moschino, DKNY, MAC, Dolce and Gabbana, Charles David, H&M, and Tommy Hilfiger. She has graced the covers of Vogue, Marie Claire, Elle, D Magazine, GQ and L'Officiel internationally and has appeared in the pages of Allure, Flair, V, and i-D as well.

Her career with Victoria's Secret began in 2007, where she walked for the brand for 7 straight years. Ellingson and Emanuela de Paula were chosen to be spokeswomen for "Body by Victoria" by Victoria's Secret alongside Alessandra Ambrosio and Marisa Miller.  She was also a featured model in the 2010 Victoria's Secret "SWIM" catalog. She is currently listed as one of the brand's 12 "supermodels" and was one of the featured models during the 2009 fashion show. In 2011, she became one of the brand's signature Angels, as well as the face of its perfume line VS Attractions and its new bra, Gorgeous. She has also worked with the French cosmetics company Clarins.

Personal life
In November 2013, after six years of dating, Ellingson became engaged to her long-term boyfriend Sean Clayton, a medical equipment salesman and former college football player. They were married on July 12, 2014, in Bluffton, South Carolina. They have two sons, Carter John, born on May 15, 2020, Roen Allen, born on December 11, 2021.

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
Female models from California
People from Moreno Valley, California
University of California, San Diego alumni
Victoria's Secret Angels
21st-century American women
People from San Bernardino County, California
American people of Norwegian descent


Joseph-Arthur Barrette (April 28, 1875 – April 27, 1952) was a Canadian politician, businessman, farmer and notary.

Born in Saint-Barthélemy, Quebec, Canada, Barrette was elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a Member of the historical Conservative Party in 1911 to represent the riding of Berthier. He ran for election again in 1930 for the riding of Berthier—Maskinongé and won. He previously lost in 1921, 1925 and 1926. He also lost the elections of 1935 and 1940.

External links

1875 births
1952 deaths
Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec
Quebec notaries
Place of death missing


Hunting of Fools () is a 1984 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young.

Synopsis

A social drama about two men who have failed to graduate from college.

Cast

 Eom Sim-jeong
 Kim Seong-geun
 Bae Gyu-bin
 Kim In-moon
 Kim Won-seop
 Yoon In-Ja
 No Gyeong-sin
 Park Am
 Kim Sung-kyom
 Jang Hyeok

Notes

Bibliography

1984 films
1980s Korean-language films
South Korean drama films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young
1984 drama films


George Henry Jewett II (April 1870 – August 12, 1908) was an American athlete who became the first African-American football player at both the University of Michigan and Northwestern University, and in the Big Ten Conference. He played for the Michigan Wolverines as a fullback, halfback, and field goal kicker in 1890 and 1892 and was considered one of Michigan's greatest players in the pre-Fielding H. Yost era.

Early years
Jewett grew up in Ann Arbor, Michigan, the son of a successful blacksmith. At the time of the 1870 United States Census, he was listed as being one month old.  His father was George Jewett, a blacksmith born in Kentucky in approximately 1845, and his mother was Letty Jewett, born in Michigan to parents from Missouri in approximately 1848. He had an older sister, Mary, born in approximately 1868.  The family was residing in Ann Arbor at the time of both the 1870 and 1880 Censuses.

Jewett attended Ann Arbor High School where he was the class valedictorian in 1889. In high school, he was the captain of the debate, football and baseball teams. He was also the fastest sprinter in the Midwest, having won the Amateur Athletic Union 100-yard dash competition, and was fluent in German, Italian and French.

College football

University of Michigan

Jewett attended the University of Michigan from 1890 to 1893, where he became the first African American in the school's history to letter in football. In 1890, Jewett was the starting fullback for the Michigan team that went 4-1 and outscored opponents 129-36. In 1892, Jewett was the starting halfback on a Michigan team that beat Amos Alonzo Stagg's University of Chicago team, went 7-5 and scored 298 points. At Michigan, he was the leading rusher, scorer and kicker. Jewett was regarded as "one of the greatest stars" in Michigan football in the pre-Fielding H. Yost era. In addition to playing as fullback and halfback, Jewett was also the team's field goal kicker and has been called "the Afro-American phenomenon of the University of Michigan." Oberlin College coach John Heisman described Jewett as a "superior athlete," and University of Chicago coach Amos Alonzo Stagg referred to him as "a very tough opponent."

Oberlin College game against John Heisman

In 1892, Jewett played a central role in a memorable game against an Oberlin College team coached by John Heisman. Michigan met Oberlin at Ann Arbor in November 1892. Jewett scored four touchdowns in the game, including an unopposed 45-yard touchdown run after Oberlin thought time had been called. After Oberlin went ahead, 12-6, Jewett scored his second touchdown on a run from 25 yards out, but his kick failed, so the Wolverines trailed 12-10. Oberlin scored again to make it 18-10. A few minutes later, Jewett ran to "within a foot of the goal line," and the umpire (a former Michigan player) ruled that Jewett had scored a touchdown.  Jewett completed the kick after touchdown and the score was 18-16. Jewett also made a touchdown-saving tackle in the Oberlin game, catching up with Charles Savage from behind at the five yard line after a 90-yard run. After Oberlin scored to go ahead 24-22, the referee (an Oberlin player acting as referee in the second half) announced that time had run out and called the game.  The umpire (a Michigan man) ruled that four minutes remained on the game clock owing to timeouts that Oberlin's timekeeper had not recorded. As the Oberlin team left the field claiming victory, Michigan lined up, snapped the ball, and Jewett walked the ball across the goal line for Michigan's fifth touchdown. The next day, the Michigan Daily reported: "Oberlin compromised herself by leaving the field before time was up.... Referee Ensworth, an Oberlin substitute, lost all tab of time, and called the game at 14 minutes to 5, while the captain of each team had agreed to play until 10 minutes of that hour." Both schools still record the game as a victory.

Northwestern University

Jewett studied medicine at Michigan, but reportedly left abruptly after a run-in with the dean of medicine. He transferred to Northwestern University in 1893 where he received his medical degree and also became the first African American to play for the Northwestern Wildcats football team.

Jewett was not only the first African-American football player at both Michigan and Northwestern, he was also the first African-American athlete to letter in football for any of the schools that formed the Big Ten Conference. After breaking the barrier at Michigan in 1890, Jewett was followed in the Big Ten programs by Fred Patterson at Ohio State University, Preston Eagleson at Indiana University, and then Jewett again at Northwestern. Jewett missed being the first African American in college football by one year. In 1889, William Henry Lewis and William Tecumseh Sherman Jackson played for Amherst.

Eight years before Jewett's debut for the Michigan football team, Moses Fleetwood Walker became the first African American to letter for Michigan, doing so on the baseball team.

Later years and family
Jewett went on to practice medicine in the Chicago area. Jewett returned to Ann Arbor in 1899.  At the time of the 1900 Census, he was living in Ann Arbor with his parent.  He listed his occupation at that time as janitor, while his sister Mary was a music teacher, and his father continued to be employed as a blacksmith.

Jewett later opened a business in Ann Arbor called The Valet, referred to in some sources as a dry cleaning shop and in others as a cleaning and pressing shop. Jewett's shop was located on State Street, between the Congregational Church and Newberry Hall; Jewett delivered finished work by horse and carriage.

Jewett was married on November 4, 1901, to Lillian Zebbs. They had two children, George H. Jewett (1902–1977) and Richard Jewett (born 1908).

Jewett died suddenly in 1908 at the age of 38, leaving his wife, Lillian, and two sons; his son Richard was eight days old when his father died. Richard was the father of Coleman Jewett, well known Ann Arbor athlete, educator and craftsman, and grandfather of Michael Jewett, the host of 89.1 Jazz heard on weekday afternoons on WEMU radio.

Jewett is buried at Forest Hill Cemetery in Ann Arbor. He was inducted into the Pioneer High School Hall of Fame in March 2004.

Legacy
Since 2021, the winner of the Michigan–Northwestern rivalry game receives the George Jewett Trophy, the first FBS rivalry trophy named after an African-American player.

References

Further reading
 Arthur Ashe, Jr., A Hard Road to Glory—Football: The African American Athlete in Football (New York: Amistad Press, 1993), , 71–72.
 Charles H. Martin, "The Color Line in Midwestern College Sports, 1890–1960," Indiana Magazine of History 48 (June 2002), pp. 88–92.
 Manning Marable, Review of Hail to the Victors! Black Athletes at the University of Michigan, The Journal of Negro History, Vol. 60, No. 4 (October 1975), pp. 552–556
 John R. Behee, Hail to the Victors (J & J Books, Incorporated: March 1974), , 140pp.
 Rashid Faisal, "Touchdown For Equality." Michigan History, Jan/Feb 2020, pp. 28–32. Lansing, Michigan: Historical Society of Michigan. Retrieved via Gale OneFile.

1870 births
1908 deaths
19th-century players of American football
American football fullbacks
American football halfbacks
Michigan Wolverines football players
Northwestern Wildcats football players
Players of American football from Ann Arbor, Michigan
African-American players of American football
20th-century African-American people


A pellistor is a solid-state device used to detect gases which are either combustible or which have a significant difference in thermal conductivity to that of air. The word "pellistor" is a combination of pellet and resistor.

Principle
The detecting element consists of small "pellets" of catalyst loaded ceramic whose resistance changes in the presence of gas. Many of them require gentle heating in use, so they are four terminal devices with two connections for a small heating element and two for the sensor itself.

To avoid any risk of explosion, the sensitive element is usually enclosed in a wire mesh housing. More robust sensors for use in high risk environments may have solid steel housing with a gas port of sintered metal granules. Both of these work in a manner similar to the Davy safety lamp; gas may percolate through the permeable mesh, but the passages are too long and narrow to support the propagation of a flame.

History
The pellistor was developed in the early 1960s for use in mining operations as the successor of the flame safety lamp and the canary. It was invented by English scientist Alan Baker.

Types

Catalytic
The catalytic pellistor as used in the catalytic bead sensor works by burning the target gas; the heat generated produces a change in the resistance of the detecting element of the sensor proportional to the gas concentration.

Thermal conductivity
The thermal conductivity (TC) pellistor works by measuring the change in heat loss (and hence temperature/resistance) of the detecting element in the presence of the target gas.

See also
 List of portmanteaus
 List of sensors

References

Gas sensors


Eatza Pizza was a buffet-style restaurant chain founded in Arizona in 1997. In 2007, it was one of the largest all-buffet pizza chains in the United States, with 112 locations in 14 states and Puerto Rico.

History
In March 2007, Eatza Pizza was bought by International Franchise Associates. Following the purchase, the corporate headquarters was moved from Arizona to Westport, Connecticut. In July 2008, International Franchise Associates filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. At that time, only five Eatza Pizza locations were left.

Fare
Their menu included at least 18 varieties of pizza, along with various other foods. When it was based in Scottsdale, the chain had 112 restaurants open or under development in Arizona, Alabama, California, Utah, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Ohio and New Mexico, and Puerto Rico.

References

Buffet restaurants
Defunct companies based in Arizona
Defunct companies based in Connecticut
Defunct restaurant chains in the United States
Pizza chains of the United States
Defunct pizzerias
Regional restaurant chains in the United States
Restaurants established in 1997
Restaurants disestablished in 2008
Companies based in Westport, Connecticut


Micah David Ross (born January 13, 1976) is a former American football wide receiver.  He played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) with the Jacksonville Jaguars, the San Diego Chargers, and the Carolina Panthers.  In 2001, he signed as an undrafted rookie free agent with the Jaguars. He played college basketball and college football at Jacksonville University.

Early life and college career
Ross attended Andrew Jackson High School  in Jacksonville, Florida. He attended Jacksonville University, where he played at forward for Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball from 1994 to 1998 under head coaches George Scholz, Buster Harvey, and Hugh Durham, averaging 9.9 points and 5.8 rebounds in 110 games. After his basketball eligibility ended, Ross played one season at wide receiver for Jacksonville Dolphins football in 1998, where he played in 10 games with 17 receptions for 255 yards and two touchdowns.

Professional playing career

Jacksonville Barracudas
In 1998, after his college basketball days had ended, he played one season with the Jacksonville Barracudas of the United States Basketball League, while playing for JU's football team and teaching.

Jacksonville Tomcats
Ross played wide receiver and linebacker for the Jacksonville Tomcats of the AF2 in 2000.

Jacksonville Jaguars
Ross signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars as a free agent on August 17, 2001 but was waived 11 days later. On October 31, he signed with the Jaguars' practice squad. On December 8, he was promoted to the active roster. He made his NFL debut the next day with two kick returns for 35 yards in a 14–10 win at the Cincinnati Bengals. In five games in 2001, playing mostly as a gunner and kick returner, Ross had eight kick returns for 150 yards and one tackle.

In 2002, Ross played in all 16 games off the bench with 10 tackles and a fumble recovery. On November 17, Ross recovered a muffed punt; the recovery set up a touchdown drive in a 24–21 win at the Houston Texans.

Ross did not play any games for the Jaguars in 2003 before being waived on October 3.

San Diego Chargers
On November 5, 2003, Ross signed as an unrestricted free agent with the San Diego Chargers. He played in six games with two tackles. After playing in seven games, he was released on October 26, 2004.

Carolina Panthers
On October 28, 2004, Ross was signed by the Carolina Panthers. He played in 10 games with two tackles. He was released on September 1, 2005, after being placed on injured reserve on August 30.

Coaching and teaching career
After graduating from Jacksonville University, Ross was a teacher for one year, while playing for the Jacksonville Dolphins football team. In 2010, he was hired to teach history and coach football, basketball, and track at Atlantic Coast High School in Jacksonville.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
American men's basketball players
American football wide receivers
American football linebackers
Schoolteachers from Florida
Small forwards
Carolina Panthers players
Jacksonville Dolphins football players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Jacksonville Dolphins men's basketball players
Jacksonville Tomcats players
San Diego Chargers players
High school basketball coaches in Florida
High school football coaches in Florida
Andrew Jackson High School (Jacksonville) alumni
Players of American football from Jacksonville, Florida
African-American coaches of American football
African-American players of American football
African-American basketball coaches
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American sportspeople


Olde is the surname of:

 Barney Olde (1882–1932), Australian politician
 Erika Olde, Canadian film producer, financier and billionaire heiress
 Hans Olde (1855–1917), German painter and art school administrator
 Margareth Olde (born 2000), Estonian chess Woman FIDE Master
 Neil Leverne Olde (1904–1969), Canadian politician

See also
 Old (disambiguation)
 Olds (disambiguation)


Alice Friedmann (née Kohlmann; 1910–1991), known as Litzi Friedmann, was an Austrian Communist who was the first wife of Kim Philby, a member of the Cambridge Five. Records identify her as the Soviet agent with the code name Mary.

Early life
Friedmann was born in Vienna to Israel and Gisella Kohlman in 1910.

In 1931, Kohlmann married Karl Friedmann. They divorced one year later.

Political activity
Still living in Vienna, Friedmann joined the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) and worked for the Moscow-led European underground. She was imprisoned for several weeks in 1933 for her Communist Party affiliation; in this year, the KPÖ became an underground organisation. Friedmann had a wide network of Communist connections across Europe, including to Soviet intelligence. She was also in a romantic relationship with Gábor Péter (Benjámin Eisenberger), who was then married to another woman.

In February 1934, the government of Engelbert Dollfuss began a further crackdown on known leftists. Working with Kim Philby, Friedmann smuggled activists out of Vienna through the sewer system.

The couple married in Vienna on 24 February, partly so Philby's British citizenship could protect Friedmann from the Austrian police. An account stated that the marriage was pushed by Friedmann's father for this purpose. According to some sources, Teddy Kollek, later the Mayor of Jerusalem, was present at the wedding.

In 1934, the Socialist movement collapsed, and the couple left Vienna for London in April to live with Philby's mother. Friedmann had a friend in London who was working for Soviet intelligence, the photographer and fellow Viennese Edith Tudor-Hart. Due to her work, Hart had extensive contacts in British society and was involved in the Soviet recruitment while helping facilitate the relations between the Communist Party of Britain and the Soviet embassy. Burgess used both Friedmann and Hart as couriers to the NKVD's Paris station. One biographer of Philby, Genrikh Borovik, who had access to the Soviet archives, says that Tudor-Hart recommended Friedmann and Philby as suitable candidates for NKVD recruitment.

Friedmann and Philby split up in the 1930s – some sources claim that Philby had to distance himself from known communists to penetrate the British establishment. However, they remained in contact for years afterwards and divorced only in 1946.

In 1946, after the war, Friedmann and the German-Jewish refugee Georg Honigmann lived in East Berlin, where Honigmann became editor of the Berliner Zeitung.

Death and legacy
Friedmann died in 1991. Her daughter, German writer Barbara Honigmann, wrote a biography of her mother.

Friedmann appears as a character in Cambridge Spies, a 2003 BBC drama based on the story of the Cambridge Five. She is played by Lisa Dillon.

References

External links
 An English-language review of Honigmann's biography of her mother

1910 births
1991 deaths
Austrian Jews
Austrian communists
Austrian prisoners and detainees
Austrian spies for the Soviet Union
People from East Berlin
Austrian emigrants to East Germany
Austrian emigrants to England
Jewish socialists
Women spies
People from Vienna


Flemington, New Zealand may refer to:

 Flemington, Canterbury
 Flemington, Hawke's Bay


Free Woman (자유처녀 - Jayu cheonyeo) is a 1982 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young.

Plot
A melodrama about a Korean woman who has lived in Spain pursuing her Ph.D. in Korea.

Cast
Ahn So-young
Shin Seong-il
Kim Won-seop
Han Seong-gyeong
Kim Chung-chul
Cho Ju-mi
Han U-ri
Kim Seong-geun
Lee Yeong-ho
Yoo Myeong-sun

References

Bibliography

External links

1980s Korean-language films
South Korean drama films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young


Greg Richardson (born February 7, 1958) is a former professional boxer who was WBC Bantamweight Champion between February 25, 1991, and September 19, 1991.

Early life, family and education
Richardson was born in Youngstown, Ohio. He was raised on its East Side.

Other members of Richardson's family have excelled in sports. He is an uncle of former Florida Gators cornerback Keiwan Ratliff and light middleweight boxer Durrell Richardson.

He began boxing in the late 1960s. In 1974, he was the National AAU and National Golden Gloves flyweight champion.

Athletic career
Known as "The Flea", Richardson turned pro in 1982. Richardson's professional boxing career peaked in February 1991, when he scored an upset victory over Raúl Pérez and won the WBC world bantamweight title. Trained by Earl Charity, Richardson's quick reflexes were credited with earning him a 12-round unanimous decision over Perez, who held the title for almost 28 months. He defended the title against Victor Rabanales, before losing the belt to Joichiro Tatsuyoshi in 1991. In 1992 he moved down in weight to take on WBC super flyweight title holder Moon Sung-kil, but lost a majority decision. He retired in 1996.

During his career, Richardson also held the NABF Bantamweight Title, as well as the USBA Bantamweight and Super Bantamweight Titles.

Career after boxing

Personal life

Professional boxing record

See also
List of bantamweight boxing champions

References

External links

1958 births
Living people
Boxers from Youngstown, Ohio
American male boxers
African-American boxers
Super-flyweight boxers
Bantamweight boxers
Super-bantamweight boxers
World bantamweight boxing champions
World Boxing Council champions
Winners of the United States Championship for amateur boxers
National Golden Gloves champions
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople


Peer-to-peer SIP (P2P-SIP) is an implementation of a distributed voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or instant messaging communications application using a peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture in which session control between communication end points is facilitated with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

SIP in a P2P architecture
In a pure peer-to-peer application architecture no central servers are required, whereas traditional SIP telephony networks have relied on using centrally deployed and managed SIP servers, in analogy to the centralized switching architecture of the public switched telephone network (PSTN). P2P application design can improve scalability and survivability in the event of central network outages.

The Session Initiation Protocol is in principle a client-server protocol, however it has been described in analogy to the P2P relationship, called a dialog, which is defined by a unique combination of SIP protocol parameters (To-tag, From-tag, Call-ID). Both endpoints of a communication session implement a user-agent server and a user-agent client, which enables any two user agents to communicate directly with one another without the mediation of another a central switching system. SIP also provides facilities of registering (REGISTER request) the network location of a user agent with other SIP elements and subscription (SUBSCRIBE request) and notification (NOTIFY request) features for event tracking between user agents.

Based on these inherent SIP features it is possible to construct a peer-to-peer network of SIP nodes.

In another approach, SIP over P2P, the SIP location service is replaced by conventional P2P overlay networking approach, such as the OverSim framework.
In this model, the overlay network is used for service or node discovery and rendezvous.  The search key in such a mechanism is the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of a user agent. This URI requires resolution to a particular device or Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that must be performed in real time.
P2P-SIP systems may employ structured peer-to-peer approaches, as well as unstructured peer-to-peer architectures.

Standards
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is conducting a working group (P2PSIP) that develops standards-track specifications for P2P-SIP. This effort is based on using the REsource LOcation And Discovery (RELOAD) Base Protocol a peer-to-peer (P2P) signaling protocol for use on the Internet. The P2P signaling protocol provides the network nodes that form an overlay network with abstract storage, messaging, and security services.

References

External links
 The OverSim home page
 P2PSIP demonstrator based on P2PNS

 A code library for P2P over SIP: Sip2Peer project.

Peer-to-peer computing
Voice over IP


Agámi Systems, Inc. was a network storage company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California.  Agámi Information Servers (AIS) were marketed to both network attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) markets.

History
The company was founded in April 2003 by Kumar Sreekanti in San Jose, California.

Its first round of venture capital of about $5.5 million included investors Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers (with board member Vinod Khosla), Alta California Partners, New Enterprise Associates, Apex Ventures and Advanced Equities Venture Partners.
It was originally called StorAD for its first year, and included intellectual property acquired from failed company Zambeel, which was in a similar market and had been founded in 1999.

A second round of financing raised over $25 million in September 2004.
Hercules Technology Growth Capital provided $11 million in debt financing in August 2006.

David Stiles joined in 2005 and became chief executive in May 2007, just after chief financial officer Dean Seniff was replaced on April 30.

In March 2007 support for the iSCSI block access protocol was announced.

The company, then located in Sunnyvale, California, filed for raising more capital through 2007, including new investor Duff, Ackerman, and Goodrich.

A third round of $45 million in funding from existing investors was announced in February 2008 during the start of the Great Recession.

The company shut down operations on July 28, 2008. The employees were told of the shutdown at an 11:00 AM meeting, and was made effective two hours later, at 1:00 PM. The 80-100 employees of Agami in Sunnyvale and Hyderabad, India were said to be blindsided. Business Insider reports that, "Some employees have tried to send e-mails to an address that the company provided them to request pay, but one employee told the Mercury News that they 'haven't received one response, not one.' "

This led to speculation that the funding announced in February had not actually closed.

By September 2008 Stiles had purchased Agámi assets and used their office space for a new company named Scalable Storage Systems.

In October 2008, Ocarina Networks hired Agami Systems India operations and engineering team in Hyderabad.

AIS6000
The AIS6000 series was said to perform at 1 GB/sec and supported 36 terabytes of raw data.

AIS6136 specifications:
 Chassis Form Factor: 5 EIAU high - 19-inch IEC rack-compliant
 Maximum disk drives: 48 × SATA drives
 Disk drive densities: 750GB
 Disk Controllers: 2 × 24-port SATA
 Raw Capacity: 36TB
 Processor: 4 × AMD Opteron CPU
 ECC Memory: 12GB
 NVRAM: 2GB
 Network Connectivity: 12 × 1Gigabit/s Ethernet

References

2003 establishments in California
2008 disestablishments in California
American companies established in 2003
American companies disestablished in 2008
Computer companies established in 2003
Computer companies disestablished in 2008
Companies based in Sunnyvale, California
Defunct computer hardware companies
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area


A gravel kit is a modification on an aircraft to avoid foreign object debris (FOD) damage or ingestion while operating on unpaved surfaces. Modifications generally include methods of preventing the nose gear spraying FOD into the engine and onto the underside of the fuselage or wings, and methods of preventing each engine from ingesting FOD from the ground directly in front of it.

Examples of planes that can be fitted with this upgrade include the Boeing 737-200, which includes a gravel deflector (similar in appearance to a wide ski) mounted to the nose wheel, and vortex dissipators, using compressor bleed air, in front of each engine. This modification was used by Alaska Airlines for many years, and is still employed by Air Inuit, Canadian North, Air North, Nolinor Aviation and First Air in northern Canada. Some Boeing 727s were also fitted with specific gravel kits on the nose wheel, while the rest were fitted with devices in the form of smaller deflectors than those used on the 737, used on all wheels, to deflect FOD away so as to prevent the rear-mounted engines from ingesting FOD from a runway. Another rear-engined aircraft—the McDonnell Douglas DC-9/MD-80/MD-90 and Boeing 717 series—uses deflectors similar to those of the conventionally-equipped 727 on all their aircraft's landing gear to prevent FOD structural damage and ingestion.

External links

Aircraft components


Flemington is a lightly populated locality in the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island.

Geography

Flemington is situated on the Canterbury Plains south of Ashburton, between the Ashburton River / Hakatere and Hinds River.  Nearby settlements include Eiffelton to the east, Huntingdon to the north, Wheatstone and Ashton to the east on the banks of the Ashburton River / Hakatere, and the ghost town of Waterton to the south on the Pacific Ocean coastline.

Demographics
Flemington is part of the Eiffelton statistical area.

Education

Until 1999, Flemington had its own school.  In 2000, it merged with two other local schools and was relocated to the former site of Willowby's school and is now known as Longbeach School.

References

Ashburton District
Populated places in Canterbury, New Zealand


Neumi (느미) also known as The Deaf Worker is a 1980 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-young.

Synopsis
A melodrama about a mute woman who works at a brick factory.

Cast
Chang Mi-hee
Hah Myung-joong
Lee Hwa-si
Kim Chung-chul
Baek Il-seob
Kwon Mi-Hye
Park Am
Lee Young-ho
Joo Sun-tae
Moon Mi-bong

References

Bibliography

External links

1980 films
1980s Korean-language films
South Korean drama films
Films directed by Kim Ki-young


The proximodorsal process is a feature of the skeleton of archosaurs. It may be a pair of tabs or blade - shaped flanges on the pelvis, and serves as an anchor point for the attachment of leg muscles. This process is of particular importance in the anatomy and comparative morphology of Mesozoic birds and advanced maniraptoran dinosaurs. The pelvis is made up of three paired bones and a sacrum. The three paired bones are called the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis. On the ischium there may be an obturator process and/or a proximodorsal process. The more primitive condition is for there to be no proximodorsal process, but a large obturator process. In primitive birds the ischia are complex, usually with a small or even absent obturator process and a large, rectangular, proximodorsal process extending up toward the ilium. This is the condition in Archaeopteryx, Confuciusornis, and enantiornithines. The South American dromaeosaurs called the unenlagiinae have an intermediate condition between the two, with both a large obturator process and a proximodorsal process.

See also
 Epipubic bones
 Evolution of mammals

References

Dinosaur anatomy
Mesozoic birds
Mesozoic dinosaurs