, originally Kōgaku-an, is a Buddhist temple belonging to the Rinzai school of Japanese Zen. located in the city of Kōshū, Yamanashi, Japan. It is the head temple of one of fourteen autonomous branches of the Rinzai school. Its main image is a statue of Shaka Nyōrai. The temple, including its famed Japanese garden is not open to the general public.

History
The temple founded as a hermitage in 1380 by Bassui Tokushō, a noted Zen prelate from Sagami Province, who had trained with Sōtō, Rinzai and Ch'an traditions. Due to the growing popularity of his teachings, he moved further and further into the countryside seeking the peace required for his meditations. His popularity continued after his death, and Emperor Go-Kameyama designated the temple as a chokugan-ji, or  "temple to pray for the nation" during the civil wars of the Nanboku-chō period. The temple was heavily sponsored by the Takeda clan, who were the rulers of Kai Province and was awarded with estates and built numerous subsidiary temples and chapels. However, after the fall of the Takeda clan and the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate in the Edo period, the temple gradually fell from prosperity and many of its subsidiary temples were abolished or joined other branches of the Rinzai school. In 1782 much of the original temple complex was destroyed in a fire. After the start of the Meiji period, it became part of the Nanzen-ji branch of Rinzai. It recovered its status as the head temple of its own branch of Rinzai in 1908. Kōgaku-ji today governs eight sub-temples and fifty temple affiliates.

Cultural properties

National Treasures

Kōgaku-ji painting of Daruma
The  at Kōgaku-ji is hanging scroll in colored ink on paper, depicting Daruma with red robes, seated in a formal pose. The painting dates from approximately the 1260s, and has an inscription by Lanxi Daolong, the famed priest and head abbot of Kenchō-ji in Kamakura. The scroll measures 123.3 cm × 61.2 cm (48.5 in × 24.1 in). The painting was made by an unknown Japanese painter who was strongly influenced by the Southern Song style. It was designated a National Treasure of Japan on November 14, 1953

Important cultural properties

Kōgaku-ji Central Gate
The  is a wooden gate with four pillars and a cypress-shingle roof, dating from the Muromachi period and is one of the oldest remaining structures of the temple. It was designated an Important Cultural Property of Japan on June 22, 1971

Portrait painting of Sankō Kokushi
The  a Muromachi period hanging scroll in colored ink on paper, depicting , a Zen prelate from Aizu who travelled to Yuan period China to study Zen at the Tianmu Mountain. He became the chief priest of Kōgaku-ji after his return to Japan. The portrait depicts the priest seated in a chair and measures 136.4 cm by 60.6 cm. It was designated an Important Cultural Property of Japan on May 25, 1916

Portrait painting of Sankō Kokushi
The  a Muromachi period hanging scroll in colored ink on paper, depicting Bassui Tokushō. The portrait depicts the priest seated in a chair and measures 128.8 cm by 62.2 cm. The portrait was painted in 1393 on the seventh memorial of the priest's death. It was designated an Important Cultural Property of Japan on May 25, 1916

Kōgaku-ji wooden printing blocks
Kōgaku-ji has many printing blocks, some of which date from the Muromachi period and Edo period. Of these, a set of 37 blocks (塩山和泥合水集板木) dated 1386 and one block dated 1389 (抜隊得勝遺誡板) were designated Important Cultural Properties on June 10, 2007 The former is a question-and-answer form showing responses to questions which are asked by priests. The latter is a set of regulations for prices issued by Bassui Tokushō.

National Place of Scenic Beauty

Kōgaku-ji gardens
The Japanese garden on the slope of the mountain on the north side of the precinct is a stone garden believed to date from the early Edo period, and renovated several times in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was excavated in 1990 by archaeologists, and was found to contain an arrangement of rock formations and ponds and waterfalls.  It was designated as a National Places of Scenic Beauty of Japan  on June 6, 1994.

See also
List of National Treasures of Japan (paintings)
List of Places of Scenic Beauty of Japan (Yamanashi)

References

External links

Koshu city official site

Buddhist temples in Yamanashi Prefecture
Kōshū, Yamanashi
Rinzai temples
Kai Province
Places of Scenic Beauty
National Treasures of Japan
Kōgaku-ji temples
Important Cultural Properties of Japan
Yamanashi Prefecture designated tangible cultural property


There are relatively few private highways in the United States, compared to other parts of the world.

The Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike, opened in 1795 between Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Lancaster, Pennsylvania, was the first major American turnpike. According to Gerald Gunderson's Privatization and the 19th-Century Turnpike, "In the first three decades of the 19th century, Americans built more than 10,000 miles [16,000 km] of turnpikes,  in New England and the Middle Atlantic states. Relative to the economy at that time, this effort exceeded the post-World War II interstate highway system." Because electronics did not exist in that era, all tolls had to be collected by human cashiers at toll booths, creating high fixed costs that could only be covered by a large volume of traffic. As railroads and steamboats began to compete with the turnpikes, less profitable highways started to shut down or be turned over to governments. (See :Category: Pre-freeway turnpikes in the United States for a listing.)

The National Bridge Inventory lists roughly 2,200 privately owned highway bridges in 41 states and Puerto Rico.

Alabama
The Foley Beach Express is one of four toll roads privately owned and operated by American Roads LLC in Alabama. The company declared bankruptcy in 2013. Syncora Guarantee, Inc., became the owner.

Alaska

Dalton Highway

The Dalton Highway in Alaska was built in 1974 to allow construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. It runs  from near Fairbanks to Prudhoe Bay on the Arctic Ocean. Rather than relieving congestion, the highway was built to allow access to the previously-inaccessible Prudhoe Bay Oil Field. Until 1995, permits were required to drive on the highway. Currently, it is owned by the state of Alaska and open to the public.

California
AB 680, passed in 1989, allowed up to four private highway franchises to be granted. The 91 Express Lanes in the median of the Riverside Freeway were privately owned and operated by a private consortium (one of the members of which was Cofiroute, France's largest private highway operator) from 1995 to 2003.

Colorado
The Colorado legislature considered a bill to ban the use of eminent domain to condemn private property for private highway construction. Such legislation was vetoed in 2005, but a compromise bill was enacted into law in 2006. The new law requires toll road developers to get approval from cities and counties affected by a proposed road and requires projects to go through a transportation department approval process, complete with an environmental assessment.

Super Slab

The Super Slab is a proposed private highway that would run from north of Fort Collins to south of Pueblo. It sparked a debate on the use of eminent domain for such purposes.  proposed the Castle Rock Alternative Parkway, which would run through the home of Super Slab developer Ray Wells.

Florida

Orchard Pond Parkway

Regarded as "the first privately built toll road in Florida," the Orchard Pond Parkway is a  route north of Tallahassee, Florida, acting as a northwestern partial bypass of the city, that opened on April 18, 2016.

Reedy Creek Improvement District

The Reedy Creek Improvement District (RCID), established in 1967 by the Reedy Creek Improvement Act, operates six-lane freeways in the Walt Disney World area near Orlando, Florida. Technically, the RCID is a public corporation administered by a five-member Board of Supervisors elected by area landowners. However, through a carefully constructed legal framework, Disney operates the roads and utilities as wholly owned subsidiaries, rather than as a public-private partnership.

Disney is the primary landowner and controls the remaining land through contractual arrangements. In this way, the company is able to hand-pick the landowning electorate. An Associated Press article notes, "Board members are non-Disney business people from central Florida and must own at least an acre [4,000 m²] in the district." An Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability report explains the contractual arrangement as follows: "Historically, each board member has been deeded approximately five acres [20,000 m²] of land by an affiliate of the Walt Disney World Co. . . . According to RCID officials, a Walt Disney World Co. affiliate has the exclusive option to purchase land back from board members at any time." Landowners also have a right to recall board members before the completion of their four-year terms.

Financial arrangements are also circular. According to the RCID Finance Department, Walt Disney Co. is RCID's largest taxpayer, paying about 86% of the district's taxes in 2004. The remaining taxpayers are board members and lessees of property owned by Disney affiliates (e.g., House of Blues, Travelodge, and Hilton) paying ad valorem taxes. An American Prospect article notes, "Disney pays taxes to Reedy Creek, which gives the money straight back to Disney, and the circle is closed".

Illinois

Chicago Skyway

In 2006, Mayor Daley leased out the Chicago Skyway for 99 years for $1.8 billion. The road had lost money for decades and only recently turned a profit.

Indiana

Indiana Toll Road

On June 29, 2006, in what may serve as a "test case" for the privatization of other major highways in the United States, the state of Indiana received $3.8 billion from a foreign consortium made up of the Spanish construction firm Cintra and the Australian Macquarie Infrastructure Group, and in exchange the state ceded operation of the  Indiana Toll Road for the next 75 years to these outside corporations. The consortium will collect all the tolls. In 2014 the operators sought bankruptcy protection with a creditor-supported restructuring plan after dwindling traffic soured a $3.8 billion bet on a 75-year lease.

Texas
In early 2007, there were plans for a private developer, Cintra-Zachry, to invest $1.3 billion to build a  toll-funded southward extension to complete the "Trans-Texas Corridor." However, also in 2007, the Texas legislature enacted legislation placing a two-year moratorium on private equity toll concessions. Texas State Highway 130 was largely funded and operated by private developers but has been criticized for its poor quality and lack of use.

Virginia

Dulles Greenway

The Dulles Greenway, Virginia's first private toll road since 1816, is a 14-mile (23 km) highway connecting Washington Dulles International Airport with Leesburg, Virginia. In 1988, the Virginia General Assembly authorized private development of toll roads. To take advantage of this opportunity, the Bryant/Crane family of Middleburg, Virginia, AIE, L.L.C., and Kellogg, Brown and Root of Houston, Texas joined together to form Toll Road Investors Partnership II (TRIP II). Brown & Root constructed the road with private funds, opening it for traffic on September 29, 1995. Autostrade International, a company with over 30 years of experience in the development, construction, maintenance, and operation of Italian toll road networks, formed an American subsidiary to take over operation of the Greenway.

The Greenway has several methods of expediting traffic flow. Six traffic lanes, a uniform 65 mph (105 km/h) speed limit, and a complete absence of traffic lights keep traffic moving at a steady pace. In addition, electronic toll collection, using the Virginia Department of Transportation's Smart Tag system, enables Smart Tag lanes to "process five times as many vehicles per hour as conventional cash payment lanes".

The Dulles Greenway charges a fixed amount for use of the road, regardless of whether the driver exits before driving the complete length of the Greenway. In 2004, the operators won approval from the State Corporation Commission to increase tolls from $2.00 to $3.00 per car. In 2005, Tom Sines of TRIP II announced plans for widening the highway, adding two new exits, expanding the main toll plaza, building a ramp to the airport, and reconfiguring an exit as a cloverleaf interchange.

Toll roads to serve development
In addition to many private toll roads built to serve ordinary travel needs, some have been built to serve new housing developments. Those include the following:
Adams Avenue Parkway, Ogden, Utah
Alabama River Parkway, Montgomery, Alabama
Emerald Mountain Expressway, Montgomery, Alabama
Foley Beach Express, Orange Beach, Alabama
Western Bypass, Tuscaloosa, Alabama

References

Private


The P class, nominally described as "patrol boats", was in effect a class of British coastal sloops. Twenty-four ships to this design were ordered in May 1915 (numbered P.11 to P.34) and another thirty between February and June 1916 (numbered P.35 to P.64) under the Emergency War Programme for the Royal Navy in the First World War, although ten of the latter group were in December 1916 altered on the stocks before launch for use as decoy Q-ships and were renumbered as PC-class sloops. None were named initially, although in 1925 P.38 was given the name Spey.

These vessels were designed to replace destroyers in coastal operations, but had twin screws, a very low freeboard, ram bows of hardened steel, a sharply cutaway funnel and a small turning circle. Clearly seen as the linear descendants of the late 19th century steam torpedo boats and coastal destroyers, many were fitted with the 14-inch torpedo tubes removed from old torpedo boats.

With the survival of a builder's diary by William Bartram, full details of the sea trials of P.23 on 21 June 1916 exist. She worked up to . Bartram's commissioned a model from Sunderland modelmaker C Crawford & Sons and this model, in the collections of Sunderland Museum and Heritage Service, is stored in the model store of Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums Service at the Discovery Museum.

PC class sloops

Ten of these ships were completed as Q-ships, with their numbers being altered by the addition of a "C" after the "P". These were termed the PC class sloops. A further batch of ten ships were ordered in 1917 (PC.65 to PC.70 in January, and PC.71 to PC.74 in June) as PC class sloops. These were built to resemble small merchant vessels for use as decoy (Q) ships, and were alternatively known as "PQ" boats. Again, none were named, although in 1925 PC.73 was given the name Dart, while PC.55 and PC.69 were named Baluchi and Pathan respectively upon transfer to the Royal Indian Navy in May 1922.

The PC-class sloops were completed with slight enlargement from the standard P-class sloops. They were 247 ft (overall) long and 25½ ft in breadth, although they had similar machinery. Displacement varied from 682 tons in PC.42, PC.43, PC.44, PC.51, PC.55 and PC.56  to 694 tons in PC.60 to PC.63 and in PC.65 to PC.74. They carried one 4-inch and two 12-pounder guns, and no torpedo tubes.

Ships

References

 Dittmar, F. J. and J. J. Colledge. British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan, 1972. .
 Gardiner, Robert and Randal Gray. Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1985. .

Further reading
 British and Empire Warships of the Second World War, H T Lenton, 1998, Greenhill Books,
 Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I, Janes Publishing, 1919
 The Grand Fleet, Warship Design and Development 1906–1922, D. K. Brown, Chatham Publishing, 1999,
 P boats of the First World War – William Bartram and P23 at Ian Whitehead's blog.
 Catalogue entry for TWCMS:B9633  P23 materials is at Collections – Tyne and Wear Archives & Museums then input TWCMS : B9663 .

External links

Ship classes of the Royal Navy
Sloop classes
Sloops of the Royal Navy
Sloops of the United Kingdom


These are the official results of the Men's 400 metres hurdles event at the 1994 European Championships in Helsinki, Finland, held at Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 7, 8, and 10 August 1994.

Medalists

Final

Semifinals
Held on 8 August 1994

Qualifying heats

Participation
According to an unofficial count, 37 athletes from 21 countries participated in the event.

 (2)
 (1)
 (1)
 (3)
 (2)
 (3)
 (1)
 (1)
 (1)
 (3)
 (1)
 (2)
 (2)
 (1)
 (1)
 (1)
 (3)
 (3)
 (1)
 (1)
 (3)

See also
 1990 Men's European Championships 400m Hurdles (Split)
 1992 Men's Olympic 400m Hurdles (Barcelona)
 1993 Men's World Championships 400m Hurdles (Stuttgart)
 1995 Men's World Championships 400m Hurdles (Gothenburg)
 1996 Men's Olympic 400m Hurdles (Atlanta)
 1997 Men's World Championships 400m Hurdles (Athens)
 1998 Men's European Championships 400m Hurdles (Budapest)

References

 Results

Hurdles 400
400 metres hurdles at the European Athletics Championships


Kativik is a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) of Quebec, with geographical code 992. Its land area is 443,372.20 km2 (171,186.96 sq mi), and its population was 12,090 at the 2011 Census of Canada.

Together with the TEs of Jamésie and Eeyou Istchee, it forms the administrative region and census division (CD) of Nord-du-Québec.

The TE of Kativik is coextensive with the territory of the Kativik Regional Government. It comprises all of Nunavik except the Cree reserved land (TC) of Whapmagoostui and the Cree village municipality (VC) also called Whapmagoostui, which belong to Eeyou Istchee TE.

Subdivisions
The TE of Kativik consists of the following municipal units:

 the unorganized territories (NO) of:
 Rivière-Koksoak
 Baie-d'Hudson
 the Naskapi village (VK) of:
 Kawawachikamach (but not the Naskapi reserved land (TK) of the same name, Kawawachikamach, which lies detached, to its south, near Schefferville in the Caniapiscau Regional County Municipality of the Côte-Nord region)
 the northern villages (VN) of:
 Kuujjuarapik
 Umiujaq
 Inukjuak
 Kangiqsualujjuaq
 Kuujjuaq
 Tasiujaq
 Aupaluk
 Kangirsuk
 Quaqtaq
 Puvirnituq
 Akulivik
 Kangiqsujuaq
 Salluit
 Ivujivik
 the Inuit reserved lands (TI) of the same names (except for Ivujivik and Puvirnituq):
 Kuujjuarapik
 Umiujaq
 Inukjuak
 Kangiqsualujjuaq
 Kuujjuaq
 Tasiujaq
 Aupaluk
 Kangirsuk
 Quaqtaq
 Akulivik
 Kangiqsujuaq
 Salluit

References

External links
 Official website of the Kativik Regional Government  (Inuktitut)

Territories equivalent to a regional county municipality
Nunavik

fr:Kativik


A military exclusion zone (MEZ) is an area in the immediate vicinity of a military action established by a country to prevent the unauthorized entry of civilian personnel/equipment for their own safety or to protect natural assets already in place in the zone.  It is also established to prevent an enemy from acquiring any material which could help them. The comparable term used by the air forces is that of no-fly zone.

See also
 Maritime Exclusion Zone
 Total Exclusion Zone, an area declared by the United Kingdom 30 April 1982 covering a circle of 200 nautical miles around the Falklands Islands during the Falklands War.
 Border zone

References

Webster's New Millennium Dictionary of English, Preview Edition (v 0.9.6)

Military terminology


White Coat, Black Art is a Canadian radio documentary series on CBC Radio One, hosted by physician Brian Goldman that examines the business and culture of medicine from an insider's perspective. Its name is a reference to the white coats that doctors wear, and to the ways that practicing medicine is still in some ways a "black art" rather than a science: mysterious, intuitive, and difficult to master.

The series began as a summer series in 2007 and became a regular program on the network's schedule.

The Canadian Medical Association awarded the program the 2011 Media Award for Health Reporting (Excellence in Radio Reporting / In-Depth).

References

External links

CBC Radio One programs
Canadian documentary radio programs
Radio series about health care
2000s Canadian radio programs
2010s Canadian radio programs
2020s Canadian radio programs


Leslie Charles Hammond (4 March 1905 – 26 June 1955) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics and 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1928 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played three matches as back. Four years later he was again a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match as back. He was born in Madras, India.

References

External links

 Leslie Hammond's profile at databaseOlympics
 Leslie Hammond's profile at Sports Reference.com

1905 births
1955 deaths
Field hockey players from Chennai
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
Anglo-Indian people
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Indian emigrants to Australia
Australian people of Anglo-Indian descent


The Amphitheatre of Serdica (; , Amfiteatar na Serdika) was an amphitheatre in the Ancient Roman city of Ulpia Serdica, now Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. Discovered in 2004 and the subject of excavations in 2005 and 2006, the ruins of the amphitheatre lie on two adjacent sites in the centre of modern Sofia. The amphitheatre was built in the 3rd–4th century AD on top of a 2nd–3rd century theatre, which had been ravaged by the Goths. However, the amphitheatre remained in use for less than a century and was abandoned by the 5th century.

The Amphitheatre of Serdica was among the biggest in the eastern part of the Roman Empire and the largest in what is today Bulgaria. It lay outside the city walls of Serdica and hosted fights between gladiators and wild beasts, which were advertised at the entrance of the city.

History
The Amphitheatre of Serdica was built on top of an earlier Roman theatre, which was constructed in the 2nd or 3rd century AD. Its ruins were discovered  under the amphitheatre ruins. The theatre,  wide, was perhaps built simultaneously with Serdica's defensive walls under Commodus (r. 177–192). It was active during the reigns of Septimius Severus (r. 193–211) and Caracalla (r. 198–217); the former may have visited the theatre with his family in 202 or 209. In the first half of 268, however, a Gothic raid ravaged and burned the theatre, forcing its permanent abandonment.

As evidenced by coin and ceramic findings, including a rare bronze medallion of Antinous, the amphitheatre was constructed on top of the theatre ruins in two stages during the late 3rd and early 4th century AD, under Roman emperors Diocletian (r. 284–305) and Constantine the Great (r. 306–337). The amphitheatre itself was in use for less than a century, as it was abandoned by the 5th century, perhaps due to the anti-pagan policies of Theodosius I (r. 379–395). In the 5th and 6th century, barbarian invaders set up their homes within the former arena, and during the Ottoman period (late 14th–19th century) it was used as a source of building materials for new housing.

Discovery

The existence of a Roman amphitheatre in ancient Serdica had been conjectured ever since 1919, when a stone plate depicting an amphitheatre's facade and fights between gladiators and wild animals was unearthed near what is today the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria edifice. The plate shows crocodiles, bears, bulls and wild cats as involved in the fights. It is thought to have stood at the entrance of Roman Serdica, so as to serve as advertisement for these events. The plate is currently displayed in the National Archaeological Institute with Museum of Bulgaria in the same city.

The amphitheatre itself was accidentally discovered in 2004, during the early constructions of what came to be known as the Arena di Serdica Hotel. In the modern cityscape of Sofia, the ruins lie south of Knyaz Aleksandar Dondukov Boulevard, between the Goethe-Institut headquarters and the embassy of the United Kingdom. Digging of the foundations of a National Electric Company office building in the vicinity in July 2006 came across further parts of the arena. The eastern entrance and the section of the amphitheatre within the hotel lot, which is about 1/6th of the entire building, was preserved and incorporated into the hotel's ground floor. It is freely accessible for tourists during the day, except on Mondays, and includes a small expositions of coins and ceramics unearthed on the site. In 2007, the western entrance and the adjacent part of the amphitheatre was excavated at the National Electric Company lot and a campaign began to prevent the construction of the planned building on the site.

Physical description

With its original dimensions of , the central arena of the Amphitheatre of Serdica is commonly cited as having been some  smaller than the Colosseum in the imperial capital Rome. However this is false as the Colosseum measures 87m x 55m and many other amphitheatres are larger than Serdica's, and furthermore the Colosseum's exterior dimensions were far larger (see List of Roman amphitheatres). Nevertheless, it was much larger than two other Roman amphitheatres in modern Bulgaria, at Diocletianopolis (Hisarya) and Marcianopolis (Devnya). In terms of architecture, the amphitheatre is comparable to the Arènes de Lutèce in modern Paris, France, and was designed for a maximum attendance of more than 20,000 or around 25,000. Like arenas in the Mediterranean region, the Amphitheatre of Serdica has an east–west orientation. It lay outside the city walls of Serdica.

The stand for high-ranking Roman officials lay in the southern section of the amphitheatre, near what is today the National Art Gallery. The amphitheatre featured two main gates, from the west and the east, linked by an underground water canal. The west gate, which reaches  in width, is estimated to have been topped by an arch  high. Among the excavated and preserved ruins are the main entrance, the underground level, part of the main section with at least seven spectator seats and gates with sliding doors to let animals into the arena. The opus mixtum construction technique was employed in the construction of at least a part of the amphitheatre. Items discovered during the amphitheatre excavations include bear and boar bones, hundreds of bronze coins and clay stones imprinted with the footprints of goats, dogs and cats.

See also
 History of Sofia
 Hagia Sophia Church (Sofia)
 Dacia Aureliana
 List of Roman amphitheatres

References

External links

 Ulpia Serdica — Amphitheatre

Buildings and structures completed in the 3rd century
Buildings and structures completed in the 4th century
Ancient Roman buildings and structures in Bulgaria
Roman sites in Bulgaria
Roman amphitheatres
Buildings and structures in Sofia


is the fifteenth episode of the Japanese anime television series Neon Genesis Evangelion, which was created by Gainax. The episode, written by Hideaki Anno and Akio Satsukawa, and directed by Naoyasu Habu, was first broadcast on TV Tokyo on January 10, 1996. The series is set fifteen years after a worldwide cataclysm known as Second Impact and is mostly set in the futuristic, fortified city of Tokyo-3. The series' protagonist is Shinji Ikari, a teenage boy who is recruited by his father Gendo to the special military organization Nerv to pilot a gigantic, bio-mechanical mecha named Evangelion into combat with beings called Angels. In the course of the episode, agent Ryoji Kaji conducts investigations about an institute called Marduk and gathers together with his Nerv colleagues Ritsuko Akagi and Misato Katsuragi for a party. After the party, Misato, Ryoji's ex-girlfriend, confesses to the man the real reason why she left him years before. Meanwhile, Shinji meets his father to visit the grave of his mother, Yui, and kisses fellow pilot Asuka Soryu Langley.

According to screenwriter Satsukawa, "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" is the Neon Genesis Evangelion episode in which his personality is most reflected. During the installment, entirely focused on the relationships of the characters and devoid of action scenes, use is made of religious symbolism and music outside the original soundtrack of the series, including Johann Sebastian Bach's "Suite for Cello Solo No.1 in G Major".

"Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" drew a 6% audience share on Japanese television and received mixed reception from critics. Some reviewers criticized the script, the interpretation of Kotono Mitsuishi, Misato's voice actress, the music and Asuka's behavior. Other reviewers appreciated the kiss between Shinji and Asuka and the one between Misato and Kaji, praising the religious symbolism and the focus on the relationships between the protagonists.

Plot
The commander and deputy commander of the paramilitary agency Nerv, Gendo Ikari and Kozo Fuyutsuki, discuss about their projects and Ryoji Kaji, a secret agent engaged in investigations in Kyoto on an institute called Marduk. Meanwhile, Shinji Ikari, pilot at Nerv, asks his colleague Rei Ayanami what kind of person his father Gendo is and tells her that he reminds him of her dead mother, Yui. Misato Katsuragi, head of the strategic department of Nerv and legal guardian of Shinji and Asuka Soryu Langley, heads to a wedding party with her friend Ritsuko Akagi and Kaji, her ex-boyfriend.

Shinji visits his mother's grave with his father, then returns home to play the cello. Asuka, who left shortly before for a date, also returns home. Bored, Asuka proposes to Shinji kissing her, and the two exchange a kiss. Meanwhile, a drunk Misato is escorted home by Kaji; along the way she reveals to Kaji the real reason why she broke up with him years before by bursting into tears, and Kaji kisses her. The next day Misato discovers Kaji secretly entering the deepest section of the Nerv headquarters; Kaji then shows her a crucified giant, which he identifies as Adam, the first Angel.

Production
In 1993, Gainax published a presentation document for Neon Genesis Evangelion entitled , containing the initial synopsis for the planned episodes. For the first twelve episodes aired, the company roughly followed the schedule envisioned by the first draft, with only a few minor script differences. From the thirteenth episode onward, however, the production deviated from the original plan of the writers and from what was initially envisioned in the submission document. According to Michael House, translator at the time for Gainax, Neon Genesis Evangelion main director Hideaki Anno in the making initially intended to give the story a happy ending, but during production he realized that he had created characters that were too problematic, so he changed his plans. According to Hiroki Azuma, a culture critic who personally interviewed the director, Anno during the airing of the series began to criticize obsessive anime fans, know as otaku in Japanese, whom he considered too closed-minded and introverted, so he changed his original plans by creating a more dramatic and introspective story toward the middle of the series.

The ffifteenth episode of the series was originally to be titled , and not "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses."; during the installment, part of a series of episodes with the same basic theme, Shinji would take the decision to ride the Eva Unit 01 once again after "a recovery". The heavily damaged Eva-01 would also have been remodeled and upgraded. The staff in progress abandoned the original project, and some of the ideas were later condensed into the sixteenth episode, "Splitting of the Breast", or transferred into the nineteenth episode, "Introjection". The seventeenth installment, entitled  in the Proposal, would have included an exploration of Misato's past and a romantic comedy before the climax of the series. In the final version of the episode Kaji shows Misato a giant called Adam, but in the series finale it is then revealed that his true identity is that of Lilith, second Angel. According to character designer Yoshiyuki Sadamoto, the original scenario did not include Lilith, which was introduced following the airing of the series and some staff research on Christianity because "not touching Lilith seemed to hurt Anno's pride".

Hideaki Anno and Akio Satsukawa wrote the screenplay, while Junichi Sato produced the storyboards under the pseydonym of Kiichi Hadame. Naoyasu Habu served as director, with Masahiko Ohtsuka as assistant director. Shunji Suzuki worked as chief animator with Katsuichi Nakayama and Naoya Furukawa as assistent chief animators, while Mitsuo Iso and Takeshi Honda served as assistent character designers. Iso also worked on Lilith's design. Production involved other studios besides Gainax, such as Cosmos, Studio Mark and FAI International. In an interview Satsukawa stated that "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" is the Neon Genesis Evangelion episode in which his personality is most reflected, since there is no Angel and only one scene with the Evangelions; he also stated that he is a "fervent fan" of Akira Kurosawa and Mikio Naruse, so he does not consider himself able to do "colossal films".

During the kiss scene between Shinji and Asuka, Megumi Ogata, Shinji's voice actress, held her breath throughout the scene. Furthermore, to play Asuka gargle after her kiss, her voice actress Yuko Miyamura actually gargled in front of her microphone. Miki Nagasawa, Koichi Nagano, Fumihiko Tachiki, Koichi Yamadera, Junko Iwao and Tomokazu Seki, members of the series' primary voice staff, also voiced several unidentified background characters over the course of the episode. Misato's voice actress Kotono Mitsuishi, for her part, sang a cover of "Fly Me to the Moon" called "Misato 4beat" which Evangelion crew used as the installment's ending theme. The staff used an instrumental piano version of the same song in the scene where Misato is kissed by Kaji. According to Sato, the original storyboard for the scene did not specify whether Misato's hands should remain dangling or hug Kaji's back, and Anno made a decision later; in the final version Misato raises his hands and then lowers them again, as if she was hesitating whether or not to accept Kaji's kiss. Furthermore, in addition to the original soundtrack of the series, composed by Shiro Sagisu, in the wedding scene attended by Misato, Ritsuko and Kaji the staff used , an already existing piece composed by Daizo Saito and Shunichi Makaino popular in Japan and usually used during weddings. The staff recorded the song during dubbing without resorting to a pre-existing recording; Iwao, Nagasawa, Miyamura and Ogata sang the tune. In the same scene, Misato fixes Kaji's tie and he thanks her, being framed in a close-up; according to Yūichirō Oguro, the editor of supplemental materials included in the Japanese edition of the series, the use of close-ups is typical of Sato's style.

In another scene Shinji plays Johann Sebastian Bach's "Suite for Cello Solo No.1 in G Major" at the cello. When questioned about the choice to have Shinji play a cello, Anno replied that "it was just that the character gave off the feeling of a cello"; it was actually Akio Satsukawa who proposed it during the writing phase. Satsukawa, known for using classical music pieces in his works, such as Manon Lescaut and Madama Butterfly, also suggested Bach's track; the piece was later used for the movie Evangelion: Death and Rebirth (1997) and added to several soundtrack albums of the series, including Neon Genesis Evangelion: S² Works, Refrain of Evangelion and Neon Genesis Evangelion Soundtrack 25th Anniversary Box. Academic Heike Hoffer noted how choosing Bach's piece could be a way for the writers to delve deeper into Shinji's psychology; the piece requires a certain above-average skill to be played, even if not an élite skill, and this allows Shinji to be depicted as a , a model student, a figure very present in Japanese society and in anime. The scene does not use the usual anime cinematographic clichés in which a character does something extraordinary and "élite"; furthermore, Shinji, usually worried about other people's opinions and in need of approval, does something alone, without being seen by anyone and seen from behind. According to Hoffer this is reflected in the Proposal, in which Shinji is defined as a somewhat boring and passive exemplary student.

Cultural references and themes
One of the main themes of Neon Genesis Evangelion which the fifteen episode delves into is that of the exploration of the human soul, the emotional walls that separate people and the difficulty in understanding others. With "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" the Evangelion story begins to move towards its third part and its climax. Several mysteries regarding Gendo and Fuyutsuki's plans, Kaji's actions and so on are revealed, and the plot enters the second half of the series, characterized by different tones and denser contents from the first. At the center of the episode there are Kaji's investigations, Nerv's mysteries, and the relationships between the characters, without war clashes and battle scenes against the Angels: Shinji and his father Gendo have a conversation in front of Yui Ikari's grave after years of separation, Kaji kisses Misato and Asuka kisses Shinji, as the English title refers. Moreover, Shinji has an important conversation with Rei in the elevator scene, in which he tells his partner that she reminds him of a mother. Rei blushes at Shinji's words. According to Evangelion Chronicle magazine, in the scene Rei has a conversation and body language unimaginable in the first part of the series, illustrating the evolution of the character and her relationship with Shinji. Newtype magazine noted that Shinji and Rei's words and actions have moved to a place of "mutual understanding" in this part of the series, and they act like a mother and a child. Writer Kazuhisa Fujie also linked Shinji's words to the fact that Rei is actually a clone of his mother Yui.

During a scene with Kaji, Misato reveals to her ex-boyfriend that she left him because she realized that he resembled her father. According to Evangelion Chronicle, Misato unconsciously searches for the figure of the father in her partner. For Jianne Soriano of Affinity Magazine, Misato suffers from the Electra complex, a psychological concept formulated by Carl Gustav Jung to indicate a girl's psychosexual competition with her mother for possession of her father.

The episode's Japanese title, "Lies and Silences", could refer to the secrets of Misato, the Marduk Institute or even to Asuka. After having kissed Shinji, Asuka lies and says that she only wanted to kiss him out of boredom, as if to confirm it to herself. Fabio Bartoli noted that the kiss turned out to be a "negative experience that left heavy marks" on her psyche. For Anime News Network's Mike Crandol, the scene exemplifies how Shinji loves Asuka but doesn't know how to express his feelings, while Asuka has similarly romantic feelings for Shinji but "her ego prevents her from admitting it even to herself". According to fellow Anime News Network editor Lynzee Loveridge, it also reminds viewers that Asuka and Shinji are two "inexperienced kids given an impossible task and severely neglected from affection by the adults in their lives". After her kiss with Shinji, Asuka herself notices that Kaji, on whom she has a crush, has Misato's lavender perfume on him, and is shocked by this revelation. According to Newtype, this is the moment when Asuka realizes she's stil a child and her love for Kaji suffers a setback. Evangelion Chronicle magazine noted that lavender has several meanings in the language of flowers, including "expectation", "doubt", and "silence". Furthermore, in one scene Ritsuko mentions the concepts of homeostasis and transistasis, saying that it is the nature of living beings to have the instinct to preserve their state and to change. Kaji adds that these two instincts are like men and women. The term homeostasis was coined by Walter Bradford Cannon, but the union of these two opposing qualities and the idea that they define life is a concept formulated only by the Evangelion staff.

Religion

"Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" contains several references to religion. At the end of the episode, a white giant identified as Adam appears, crucified and with a mask with seven eyes on his face. The giant is pierced by a weapon called the spear of Longinus. The spear is named after the legendary Roman soldier who used his spear to pierce Jesus Christ when he was crucified on Golgotha; legend has it that whoever wields this spear impregnated with Christ's blood will control the world. Writers Patrick Drazen and Dani Cavallaro have compared Longinus' spear from the series to , the spear of the two creator kamis Izanagi and Izanami. The crucifixion is a common symbol throughout the series, and it is unclear what meaning is attributed in the anime; according to the assistant director of the series, Kazuya Tsurumaki, the symbol of the cross and the Christian symbolism of the work in general were used for aesthetic reasons, so as to differentiate Evangelion from other mecha anime and give an exotic air to the anime for the Japanese target audience.

In the first scene of the episode Kaji investigates and names the Marduk Institute, an institute apparently created to select the best pilot candidates. The name of the institute originates from one of the main Babylonian deities, Marduk, also known as Bel. The god Marduk was known by about fifty different epithets. By analogy, the Marduk Institute from Neon Genesis Evangelion is connected to 108 fictional businesses. Dani Cavallaro noted that in Tibetan Buddhism 108 is the number of sins that afflict humanity. According to Dokan magazine, the name Marduk also refers to the alien race of the same name present in the Macross II series.

The symbol of the seven eyes, or Seele's emblem, alludes to the Book of Revelation, in which the number seven is frequently mentioned and a lamb with "seven horns and seven eyes" is described; the seven eyes "are the Seven Spirits of God sent out into all the earth". The seven eyes also have a connection with the eyes of Yahweh capable of observing all creation, also called "pupils of God". The number seven takes on considerable importance in Kabbalistic mysticism of Judeo-Christian origin, as a symbol of completeness. According to a theory formulated by Carl Gustav Horn, editor of the North American edition of the manga, the seven eyes and the Seele's emblem could be linked to the book of Zechariah: "'See, the stone I have set in front of Joshua! There are seven eyes on that one stone, and I will engrave an inscription on it,' says the Lord Almighty, 'and I will remove the sin of this land in a single day'". According to the Evangelion Encyclopedia, published along with the Italian Platinum Edition of the series, the seven eyes could also refer to the "seven wise custodians of the Torah".

Reception
"Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" was first broadcast on January 10, 1996 and drew a 6% audience share on Japanese television. Merchandise on the episode has also been released.

The installment received an ambivalent reception. The Anime Café's Akio Nagatomi positively received "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses", describing it as a much needed break from the action sequences with "a dash or two of humour thrown in for good measure". Nagatomi particularly praised the scene in which Shinji argues with Rei in the elevator, however criticizing the scene in which Misato and Kaji kiss; according to him the rest of the story is fascinating and Misato's motivations credible, but Mitsuishi wasn't good enough and the scene, and "true to typical Anno style, it's overdone, complete with violins swelling to a near crippling cliché crescendo". For Digitally Obsessed's Joel Cunningham "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses" is overally good, as there are several "nice interactions" between Kaji and Misato and "a particularly funny exchange" between Shinji and Asuka, but since the focus is on the characters more than the plot it's "a pretty uneventful episode": "Definitely one for the true fans". Comic Book Resources' Theo Kogod criticized Asuka's behavior in forcing Shinji to kiss her, mentioning the kiss among the worst things Asuka ever did. Furthermore, Ex magazine's Kenneth Jin-ho Cho criticized "Tentoumushi no sanba", played for three seconds during the wedding scene and added to the album Neon Genesis Evangelion Addition as the "most puzzling" track of the album.

Other critics positively received the episode. Film School Rejects' Max Covill praised "Those women longed for the touch of others' lips, and thus invited their kisses", saying: "Outside the wonderful relationship drama, this episode features one of the best cliffhangers in the entire run". Covill also mentioned three scenes from the episode among the Evangelion "perfect shots", including the final scene in which the crucified giant Lilith is revealed for its "striking" religious symbolism. According to writer and anime critic Dani Cavallaro, the scene in which Kaji walks a drunk Misato back to her aparatment exemplifies director Anno's ability to trascend stereotypical characterization, while for writer Dennis Redmond the scene in which Shinji plays the cello is "an intriguing moment". Academic Heike Hoffer wrote that some Japanese viewers reported that they had been unfamiliar with Bach' First Suite and had heard it for the first time in the episode; this inspired them to find out more about Bach's music based on their positive impressions of the piece. Magazine Wired ranked Asuka and Shinji's kiss third among the best anime kisses; Anime News Network's Lynzee Loveridge similarly listed among the seven anime kisses "heard 'round the world", saying the kiss plays out "humorously".

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links

1995 Japanese television episodes
Neon Genesis Evangelion episodes
Science fiction television episodes


Sardar Muhammad Aslam Baggra (1910 – unknown) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match as back.

He was born in modern Faisalabad, Pakistan.

References

External links

 Olympic profile

1910 births
Year of death missing
Field hockey players from Punjab, India
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Field hockey players from Faisalabad
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics


D. J. Sparr (Donald Joseph Sparr, Jr. born October 18, 1975) is an American composer and electric guitar soloist. He is influenced by impressionism and postminimalism, and is one of the preeminent composer-performers of his generation. Sparr's notable compositions include his one-act opera, Approaching Ali (libretto by Mark Campbell and Davis Miller) based on the work "The Tao of Muhammad Ali" by Davis Miller (2013), Concerto for Jazz Guitar and Orchestra: Katrina (2016), Violet Bond: Concerto for electric guitar and orchestra (2013), Dreams of the Old Believers for Orchestra (2014), Optima Vota for Orchestra (2012), Precious Metal: Concerto for flute and winds (2010), The Glam Seduction (2004), Woodlawn Drive (1999), Sound Harmonies with Air (2009), DACCA : DECCA : GaFfA (2008).

As an electric guitar soloist, he has performed concertos by Michael Daugherty, Kenneth Fuchs, Derek Bermel, Steven Mackey, and himself with New World Symphony, Alabama Symphony, and Cabrillo Festival Orchestra, among others. He has performed with ensembles such as Eighth Blackbird, New Music Raleigh, and the Aspen Contemporary Ensemble. His performance of GLACIER for electric guitar and orchestra with London Symphony Orchestra and JoAnn Falletta was one of four concertos included on the all-Kenneth Fuchs 2018 GRAMMY award winning recording released by Naxos.

Sparr's eclectic style has been described as "pop-Romantic … iridescent and wondrous" (The Mercury News) and "suits the boundary erasing spirit of today's new-music world" (The New York Times). The Los Angeles Times praised him as "an excellent soloist," and the Santa Cruz Sentinel says that he "wowed an enthusiastic audience … Sparr's guitar sang in a near-human voice."

His music has been performed and commissioned by numerous ensembles, including the Washington National Opera, Houston Grand Opera (HGOco, Chicago Youth Symphony Orchestras, the Albany Symphony Orchestra, eighth blackbird, & the Dayton Philharmonic. He is the recipient of the $10,000 Grand Prize in the orchestra category for the BMG/Williams College National Young Composers Competition, was an alternate for the 1998-9 Rome Prize from the American Academy in Rome, and has won two BMI Student Composer Awards.

Dr. Sparr is a graduate of the Baltimore School for the Arts and received his Bachelor of Music degree from the Eastman School of Music. He completed his Doctor of Musical Arts degree from the University of Michigan in 2003. His composition teachers include Michael Daugherty, Augusta Read Thomas, Sydney Hodkinson, and Pulitzer Prize winners William Bolcom, Christopher Rouse, and Joseph Schwantner.

D. J. has held residencies with numerous orchestras. Most recently he was the curator for the Lubbock Symphony Orchestra SOUND! series from 2018-2020. From 2011-2014 he was the Young American Composer-in-Residence with the California Symphony. He was the composer-in-residence with the Richmond Symphony Orchestra's education and community engagement department from 2009-2011.

External links
 Official website
 BMI Honors Student Composers at 48th Annual Awards: Bios
 Zappa, Hendrix, art rock, disco blend into concert
 Richmond Symphony Orchestra
 New York Times: Stylistically Omnivorous and Erasing Boundaries
 Wind Repertory Project
 Hiss Golden Messenger and W-S Symphony collaborate for show at The Ramkat

American male classical composers
American classical composers
American classical guitarists
American male guitarists
American rock guitarists
Guitarists from Maryland
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
Living people
University of Michigan School of Music, Theatre & Dance alumni
20th-century American guitarists
21st-century American guitarists
20th-century American composers
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
1975 births


The men's 400 metres hurdles at the 1998 European Athletics Championships was held at the Népstadion on 18, 19 and 20 August.

Medalists

Results

Round 1
Qualification: First 3 in each heat (Q) and the next 4 fastest (q) advance to the Semifinals.

Semifinals
Qualification: First 3 in each heat (Q)  and the next 2 fastest (q) advance to the Final.

Final

References

Results
Results
Results

Hurdles 400
400 metres hurdles at the European Athletics Championships


Guarayos is a province in the northwestern parts of the Bolivian Santa Cruz Department.

Location
Guarayos is one of fifteen provinces in the Santa Cruz Department. It borders Beni Department in the north and northwest, Ichilo Province and Obispo Santistevan Province in the southwest, and Ñuflo de Chávez Province in the south and east.

The Province is situated between 13° 58' and 16° 30' south, and 62° 29' and 64° 44' west, its extension from east to west is up to 320 km, from north to west circa 380 km.

Population
Part of the province is inhabited by an indigenous people, called Guarayos. The current indigenous inhabitants seem to have settled here beginning with the 16th century. The province's population went up from 17,697 (census 1992) to 31,577 (census 2001) and 38,448 (estimation 2005).

Division
The province consists of three municipalities which are further subdivided into cantons.

See also
 San Jorge Lake

References

External links
Province map
Detailed province map
Population data (Spanish)

Provinces of Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia)


Japan Italy Racing, more commonly known as JiR, is a Monte Carlo based motorcycle racing team which competed in the MotoGP series from 2005 to 2008 and from 2010 to 2015 in the Moto2 class.

Team setup
The team was founded by Gianluca Montiron together with Honda Motor Europe founder Tetsuo Iida. Since the team's founding, Montiron has diversified the investments keeping the Head Office as the team's central core, although all its activities are independent. The Monaco-based company develops commercial and sport interests, including marketing and communication initiatives – such as the brand's internationalisation. Motorsport, real estate investments and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are the services provided by JiR's different companies.

JiR Italy
JiR Italy S.r.l. was founded in 2009 in Castelletto di Branduzzo, Italy, some  south of Milan. The Italian facility is well equipped for promotional activities and is located near to the Motodromo circuit, the 7 Laghi go kart and jet ski tracks.

SCI JiR
SCI JiR is a real estate company that has the property of the team's facilities in Castelletto di Branduzzo and in the French Riviera.

History

MotoGP (2005–2008)
The team first entered the MotoGP World Championship in  as Konica Minolta Honda, a single motorcycle team using the Honda RC211V with Japanese rider Makoto Tamada and Michelin as tyre supplier. A 3rd-place finish at the Japanese Grand Prix was the team's best result. The team used the same package for the  season, but was unable to repeat the 2005 results finishing twelfth in the championship, with a best result of fifth at the Portuguese Grand Prix. In , Shinya Nakano replaced Tamada as the rider of the new 800cc Honda RC212V. The motorcycle did not achieve the results expected finishing in seventeenth position.

The team's results improved in , when 2004 125cc World Champion Andrea Dovizioso joined the team, which once again used the Honda RC212V on Michelin tyres. They were re-branded as JiR Team Scot after a joint venture with Team Scot. The team ran also Yuki Takahashi in the 250cc class; Dovizioso finished fifth overall in the MotoGP standings. The team split during the season, leaving the two parts of the team competing for the rights to run a Honda in MotoGP in , but it was Team Scot who retained Honda support, so JiR withdrew from the top class.

Moto2 (2010–2015)

In  the team took part in the new Moto2 class on a TSR built, Motobi branded chassis ridden by Simone Corsi and Mattia Pasini, although the latter was replaced during the season by Yusuke Teshima and Alex de Angelis. Corsi achieved third place twice, while de Angelis scored two podiums, including a victory from pole position in the Australian Grand Prix. In , the team ran only one bike with de Angelis, who took another victory in Australia and clinched fourth place in the final standings.

The team signed Johann Zarco, 125cc runner-up in 2011, and Eric Granado for Moto2 in . Zarco finished in tenth place in the championship standings, the best-placed rookie. In  former 125cc world champion Mike Di Meglio joined the team – he finished the season in 20th place in the championship, despite missing the final seven races due to a broken sacrum sustained at Brno. Five riders replaced him over those races, but no further points were accrued.

The 2014 Moto2 season started with a young rider project with Japanese GP2 champion Kohta Nozane but the premature death of his father during the off-season discouraged his participation. He was replaced by Tetsuta Nagashima, but his season was shortened by an injury suffered at the British Grand Prix. He returned for the final race at Valencia, having been replaced by Federico Caricasulo, Kenny Noyes and Tomoyoshi Koyama in between. None of the riders scored points during the season.

In 2015 the Swiss rider Randy Krummenacher joined the team, but the team left the championship at the end of the season.

Results

Summary

 Competed for other teams during the season.

MotoGP results
(key)

References

External links

Motorcycle racing teams
Motorcycle racing teams established in 2005
2005 establishments in Monaco
Motorcycle racing teams disestablished in 2015
2015 disestablishments in Europe


Reshmi Ghosh is an Indian beauty queen and actress.

Early life
Ghosh was born in 1978 and brought up in Kolkata. She attended school at Carmel Convent School (Class 10, 1995 batch). She graduated with a BA from Jogamaya Devi College in southern Kolkata in 2000. She has a younger sister.

Personal life
Ghosh married to Siddharth Vasudev, her co-star from Shobha Somnath Ki on 1 February 2013 at Kolkata. Ghosh and Vasudev played on-screen couple in Buddha.

Career
Since being crowned Miss India Earth 2002, Ghosh has appeared in several Bollywood films  as well as television serials  and advertisements. She did a Bollywood movie named "Tumse Milkar", based on a song from the film Pyar Jhukta Nahin, with Parvin Dabas.

Filmography

Television serials

References

External links

21st-century Indian actresses
Femina Miss India winners
Jogamaya Devi College alumni
University of Calcutta alumni
Living people
Indian television actresses
Indian film actresses
Indian soap opera actresses
Actresses from Kolkata
Year of birth missing (living people)
Actresses in Hindi television
Miss Earth India delegates
Miss Earth 2002 contestants
Female models from Kolkata


Pat Phelan (born January 16, 1985, in Houston, Texas) is an American soccer player.

Career

Youth and College
Phelan grew up in Enfield, Connecticut, and attended Wilbraham & Monson Academy, where he was named the 2003 Gatorade National High School Player of the Year. He also played club soccer for the Oakwood Soccer Club.  He played college soccer for Wake Forest University, where he was a double major in political science and Spanish. He was named to the 2004 ACC All-Freshmen Team, the 2005 Top Drawer Soccer 2nd All-America team, the 2005 NSCAA All-Region Team, and 2007 ACC First Team. He was an NSCAA First Team All American in 2007 and captained the Wake Forest Demon Deacons to their first NCAA Division 1 National Championship.

Professional
Phelan was drafted in the first round (10th overall) of the 2008 MLS SuperDraft by Toronto FC but did not make a first team start before being traded to New England Revolution on June 4, 2008. In return, Toronto received use of an international roster spot through the end of the 2010 season. He made his MLS debut Revolution, on June 12, 2008, against Houston Dynamo.

On August 7, 2010, Phelan scored his first career goal against D.C. United on a header from a long pass from teammate Chris Tierney. The Revolution ended up winning the game, by a score of 1–0, thanks to Phelan's goal.

Signed with SJK of the Ykkönen in May 2012.

After one season in Finland, Phelan returned to the United States when he signed for NASL club San Antonio Scorpions on March 1, 2013.

After one season with the San Antonio Scorpions, despite several international offers, Phelan elected to retire from professional football and pursue a career in Financial Planning.  He now resides on Cape Cod with his family and works for New York Life.

International
Phelan played for the USA Under-18, Under-20, and Under 23 national teams, and was part of the squad for the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship. He was named the Most Valuable Player of 2002 Talence International Tournament in Talence, France, and competed in the Northern Ireland Milk Cup in 2003 and 2004.

Personal
Phelan married Maggie Reddington on January 10, 2009, in Chatham, Massachusetts. His parents are Tom and Phyllis Phelan, of Enfield, Connecticut. He has a sister named Grace. He is the cousin of Gerard Phelan, the recipient of Doug Flutie's famed Hail Mary Pass versus Miami on November 23, 1984.

Honors

Wake Forest University
NCAA Men's Division I Soccer Championship (1): 2007

References

External links

 Wake Forest bio

1985 births
Living people
All-American college men's soccer players
American expatriate men's soccer players
American men's soccer players
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football utility players
Expatriate men's footballers in Finland
Major League Soccer players
New England Revolution players
North American Soccer League (2011–2017) players
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' soccer)
People from Enfield, Connecticut
San Antonio Scorpions players
Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho players
Soccer players from Connecticut
Sportspeople from Hartford County, Connecticut
Soccer players from Houston
Toronto FC draft picks
Toronto FC players
United States men's under-20 international soccer players
United States men's youth international soccer players
Wake Forest Demon Deacons men's soccer players
Wilbraham & Monson Academy alumni


JiR Team Scot was a motorcycle racing team that competed in the  MotoGP season. It was formed as a collaborative effort between JiR and Team Scot

 For the team that competed in MotoGP from 2005 to 2007 under the Konica Minolta name see JiR
 For the team competing in the 2009 MotoGP season see Team Scot


Lal Shah Bokhari (July 22, 1909 – July 22, 1959) was a British India field hockey player. He was captain of the British Indian field hockey team in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

1932 Olympics
In 1932, he was the captain of the British India_men's national field hockey team, which won the gold medal at the Los Angeles Olympics. There were total three teams in the tournament and every team played two matches. He played both the  matches from his team.

The British Indian team, troubled by groupism (natives vs Anglo-Indians) that surfaced when Lal Shah Bokhari was named captain ahead of Eric Pinniger, arrived in Los Angeles to a rousing greeting.

Opts for Pakistan
He opted for Pakistan upon the country's
independence from Britain and served as a diplomat for Pakistan -- his last post being Pakistan's ambassador to Iraq.

See also
List of Indian hockey captains in Olympics
Field hockey in India

References

External links

 Lal Bokhari's profile at databaseOlympics.com
 Lal Bokhari's profile at Sports Reference.com

1909 births
1959 deaths
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Ambassadors of Pakistan to Iraq
Field hockey players from Faisalabad
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics


Andrićev Venac (; ) is a street and the surrounding urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Stari Grad. As the official seat of the President of Serbia is located in it, it became synonymous for the politics of the president.

Location

Andrićev Venac is encompassing a corner of the Kralja Milana and Kneza Miloša, two main streets in downtown Belgrade with the street-promenade of the same name traversing through the small neighborhood. It is some  south-east from Terazije, Belgrade's downtown. It extends into the neighborhood of London in the south and south-west, into Terazije in the north-west, Krunski Venac in the east, Pioneers Park in the north-east and the Square of Nikola Pašić in the north.

Characteristics

Promenade

The central area is a pedestrian zone, a short paved promenade which connects Pioneers Park and "Kralja Milana" street.  Andrićev Venac is named after Yugoslav Nobel laureate in literature, Ivo Andrić. The promenade has benches, artistic candelabra, lime trees (Green Crimean linden, "Tilia euchlora Koch.", which are under the state protection), and an artificial, marble step-like stream originating from a fountain and a monument to Andrić. However, the writers own bequest, the Ivo Andrić Foundation, is not located here but in Dorćol. The entire area has been given an artistic character as several galleries ("Galerija Ozone") and bookstores are located along the eastern side of the promenade.

Ivo Andrić Memorial Museum

The museum is located across the Pioneers Park. It is actually an adapted flat in which Ivo Andrić and his wife Milica Babić-Jovanović lived. The memorial museum is similar in concept to the Maison de Victor Hugo in Paris. The museum has two permanent exhibitions. A number of exhibits from the Ivo Andrić Bequest is placed in 17 display cases, arranged chronologically from Andrić's birth to his death. The Bequest was founded in 1975 after Andrić's death and it still manages the author's rights. It includes original pens and biros used by the author, medals, accolades and numerous paintings including Andrić's portraits done by his friends. There are also fragments of author's four manuscripts, as the bulk of his handwritten works is in the archive of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

The other exhibit includes the chair, writing desk and a television set. The apartment kept the authentic look it had while Andrić lived in it. There is also a library which holds an old Spanish issue of Don Quixote. There are 4,502 books in the library, of which some 500 are presentation copies, signed by the authors who personally gifted the copies to Andrić, who himself was a bibliophile. Being a diplomat, he formed his library collecting books from Madrid, Paris, Marseilles, Berlin, Geneva, etc.

Central section of the exhibit is a diplomatic suitcase used by Andrić, and his blue ceremonial uniform which he used for special occasions since 1938 when he was a Yugoslav ambassador in Berlin. Coincidentally, the uniform was designed by Babić-Jovanović, a costume designer in the National Theatre in Belgrade, which will marry Andrić 20 years later, in 1958. Writer's Nobel prize is on a special display.

Novi Dvor

The entire western side of the promenade is occupied by the building of the Presidency of Serbia, also known as Novi Dvor (New Palace), the official seat of the president of the republic. Novi Dvor was built between 1913 and 1918 on a project by Stojan Titelbah, as a new palace for King Peter I Karađorđević and it is separated just by a lawn from Stari Dvor (Old Palace), used by the previous rulers of Serbia, the Obrenović dynasty. Peter I died in 1921 and it was his son, King Alexander I of Yugoslavia who was the first tenant, from 1922. Novi Dvor was official palace of Yugoslavia until Alexander's assassination in Marseilles in 1934, after which the Royal Court was moved to Beli Dvor (White Palace) in Dedinje. From 1974  Novi Dvor had been used as an office for the Presidency of Serbia, a collective governing body, and since 1991 it has been the official seat of the President of Serbia.

References

External links

Neighborhoods of Belgrade
Stari Grad, Belgrade
Ivo Andrić


Clinton Cyrus Thomas (November 25, 1896 – December 2, 1990), nicknamed "Hawk", was a professional baseball player born in Greenup, Kentucky. He was an outfielder and second baseman in the Negro leagues from 1920 to 1938, where he earned the nickname "Hawk" for his sharp-eyed hitting and center field skills.

Career
Thomas played for the Brooklyn Royal Giants, Columbus Buckeyes, Detroit Stars, Hilldale Club, Bacharach Giants, New York Lincoln Giants, New York Harlem Stars, Indianapolis ABCs, New York Black Yankees, Newark Eagles, and Philadelphia Stars.

Thomas was a member of the Philadelphia Hilldale teams that won three consecutive Eastern Colored League championships from 1923 to 1925 and the Negro World Series in 1925. He joined the New York Black Yankees in 1931 and, the following year, "ruined" the opening of Greenlee Field by scoring the only run and making a game-saving catch in the Black Yankees defeat of Satchel Paige's Pittsburgh Crawfords. Nicknamed "The Black DiMaggio", he once hit a home run off Fidel Castro in an exhibition game in Cuba.

After his baseball career ended, Thomas worked as a custodian and staff supervisor for the West Virginia Department of Mines and as a messenger for the State Senate. He died on December 2, 1990, in Charleston, West Virginia.

References

Sources

External links
 and Baseball-Reference Black Baseball stats and Seamheads

1896 births
1990 deaths
Bacharach Giants players
Brooklyn Royal Giants players
Chicago American Giants players
Columbus Buckeyes (Negro leagues) players
Detroit Stars players
Hilldale Club players
Homestead Grays players
Lincoln Giants players
New York Black Yankees players
New York Cubans players
Newark Eagles players
People from Greenup, Kentucky
20th-century African-American sportspeople


Street Smart: Competition, Entrepreneurship, and the Future of Roads is a book about private highways. It covers many aspects of these roads, including the asserted need to protect personal freedom by reducing government control of the roadways; why government highways have failed; how roads can be built without exercising eminent domain authority; how vehicle and driver licensure by insurers can improve road safety; and so on. The writers of the book are Mary E. Peters, Gabriel Roth, John Semmens, Bruce L. Benson, David Levinson, Gopinath Menon, Herbert Mohring, Olegario Villoria, Edward Sullivan, Kenneth Button, Daniel Klein, John Majewski, Fred Foldvary, Christina Malmberg Calvo, Sven Ivarsson, Gunter Zietlow, Jim McLay, Neil Roden, Ian Heggie, Robert W. Poole, Jr., Kenneth Orski, and Peter Samuel.

See also
Free market road

References

http://nationaljournal.com/about/njweekly/stories/2007/sotu/sotu11.htm
http://www.allbusiness.com/miscellaneous-retail/retail-stores-not-elsewhere/4014034-1.html

American non-fiction books
Road infrastructure


Frank Gerald Singlehurst Brewin (October 21, 1909 – April 21, 1976) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match as back and scored one goal.

He was born in Poona, India.

External links

 Profile

1909 births
1976 deaths
Field hockey players from Pune
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Anglo-Indian people
Olympic gold medalists for India
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Emigrants from British India to the United Kingdom
British people of Anglo-Indian descent


A catalytic bead sensor is a type of sensor that is used for combustible gas detection from the family of gas sensors known as pellistors.

Principle

The catalytic bead sensor consists of two coils of fine platinum wire each embedded in a bead of alumina, connected electrically in a Wheatstone bridge circuit. One of the pellistors is impregnated with a special catalyst which promotes oxidation whilst the other is treated to inhibit oxidation. Current is passed through the coils so that they reach a temperature at which oxidation of a gas readily occurs at the catalysed bead (500-550 °C). Passing combustible gas raises the temperature further which increases the resistance of the platinum coil in the catalysed bead, leading to an imbalance of the bridge. This output change is linear, for most gases, up to and beyond 100% LEL, response time is a few seconds to detect alarm levels (around 20% LEL), at least 12% oxygen by volume is needed for the oxidation.

Issues
Catalyst poisoning - because of the direct contact of the gas with the catalytic surface it may be deactivated in some circumstances.
Sensor drift - Decreased sensitivity may occur depending on operating and ambient conditions.
Modes of failure - which include poisoning and sinter blockage, they become apparent during routine maintenance checking.

See also
List of sensors

References

Gas sensors


Richard John Carr (21 January 1911 – 25 April 2000) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match as forward and scored one goal. He also competed in the men's 4 × 100 metres relay in the athletics programme. He was born in Jha-Jha, India and was a student of the prestigious school Oak Grove School, Mussoorie, India.

References

External links

 Richard Carr's profile at databaseOlympics

1911 births
2000 deaths
Field hockey players from Bihar
Olympic field hockey players for India
Athletes (track and field) at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
Anglo-Indian people
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male sprinters
Olympic athletes for India
Indian emigrants to Australia
Australian people of Anglo-Indian descent


Madeline and the Bad Hat is a children's picture book by Ludwig Bemelmans. It features the popular children's character Madeline. It was first published by Viking Press in 1956.

Plot
The story opens as the Spanish Ambassador to France moves into the house neighboring the boarding school in Paris. The girls attending the school, including Madeline, watch the ambassador and his family move in with interest. Ms. Clavel, a nun tasked with caring for the girls, points out that the Ambassador has a young son about their age.

Immediately, Madeline judges the boy (known as Pepito) as  a "Bad Hat", or trouble-maker. Pepito performs many antics that vex the schoolgirls, including shooting them with a slingshot. However, whenever Ms. Clavel is present, he acts like a polite gentleman, earning her admiration much to the girls' chagrin.

One day, after about a year of living next to each other, Pepito invites the girls to visit his home and view his menagerie. He has captured many animals in the neighborhood and keeps them interned in his room. Madeline rebuffs him and tells him no one is interested in his menagerie. The girls concur and decline his invitation. Feeling dejected, Pepito changes his clothes into that of a Spanish Torero, assuming the girls will find that interesting. Madeline again shuts him down more forcefully, saying the girls don't view bull fighting as noble. Pepito leaves feeling lonely and shuts himself in his room.

Ms. Clavel decides that Pepito simply has pent up energy and needs a hobby to vent his feelings rather than pull pranks. On a daily walk, she takes the girls to a toy store and buys a tool chest for Pepito to learn a trade. Later over dinner she hears Pepito using the tools to work on a project and assumes the matter has been settled. The girls soon see that Pepito has used the tool chest the construct a guillotine to slaughter the cook's chickens, which disturbs them greatly.

The girls later encounter Pepito at a forested area, carrying a large sack which attracts a growing pack of dogs. The girls follow with curiosity. Ms. Clavel asserts that Pepito is simply misunderstood and is bringing the dogs food. Pepito then releases a cat from the sack, announcing a game of tag to the dogs. Unfortunately for Pepito, with no trees nearby, the cat instead jumps on Pepito's head, causing the dogs to tackle and maul him. Pepito screams for help as Ms. Clavel and Madeline rush to the scene. Ms. Clavel is able to get the dogs away from Pepito as Madeline assures that the cat is not injured.

At the Spanish Embassy, Pepito's parents and the embassy staff all cry in fear for Pepito's well-being. Dr. Cohn then confirms that Pepito will be fine. The Ambassador invites the girls to visit Pepito in his room, to cheer him up.

Madeline is the first one in to visit Pepito. Pepito is in bed, wearing a sling and many bandages. Madeline asserts her belief that Pepito’s injury is his punishment for his abusive behavior towards the cat. Pepito apologizes and promises to change his ways. Madeline accepts his apology and says the girls will monitor him.

Pepito begins to change, becoming a vegetarian and, with the girls' help, releasing the animals from his menagerie. Pepito's empathy gets to be too much when they visit the zoo, however. Pepito begins to release the animals from their captivity causing chaos. As Pepito goes to release the lions the girls panic, but Madeline stops him by telling him that he had nothing left to prove and that he is no longer a Bad Hat. She tells him that he means well and the girls are proud of him now. Pepito accepts her laudation and ends his spree of releasing the animals.

Later at night after the mess at the zoo has been cleaned up, the girls return home, have dinner, and brush their teeth. They wave to Pepito through the window before going to bed. As Ms. Clavel turns out the light, she remarks that she knew that things would end well.

Adaptations
Pepito is also a main character in the stories Madeline and the Gypsies and Madeline in London, but in the TV series, he has three cousins named Paquito, Pablito and Panchito who are much worse than he himself was.

References

1956 children's books
American picture books
Children's fiction books
Fiction about animal cruelty
Viking Press books


The Star of Damascus () is a 1920 Austrian film directed by Michael Curtiz. It was followed by The Scourge of God.

Cast
 Lucy Doraine
 Iván Petrovich

See also
 Michael Curtiz filmography

External links

Films directed by Michael Curtiz
1920 films
Austrian black-and-white films
Austrian silent feature films


Companhia de Transmissão de Energia Elétrica Paulista (short form: Transmissão Paulista, abbreviation: CTEEP) is one of transmission system operators of electric power grid in Brazil.  The company is headquartered in São Paulo.

It was created from the breakup of Companhia Energética de São Paulo in 1999. In November 2001, it merged the Empresa Paulista de Transmissão de Energia Elétrica, derived from the breakup of Eletropaulo Metropolitana - Electricidade São Paulo SA.

CTEEP is the main private concessionaire of the transmission of electrical energy, for transmission of 30% of all electricity produced in Brazil, which is almost 100% of the State of São Paulo.  The company is present in 14 Brazilian states: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Tocantins, Maranhão, Piauí, Paraíba and Pernambuco.  It owns  of transmission lines,  of circuits,  of fiber optic cables and 106 substations with voltage up to 550 kV with a total installed capacity of 45,131 MVA.

Since June 2006, the CTEEP is controlled by the Colombian company Interconexión Eléctrica S.A., which acquired 50.1% of its shares for auction sponsored by the Government of the State of São Paulo in B3 and today, holds 89.40% of the voting paper, equivalent to 37.5% of the total capital of CTEEP.

References

External links

 The company's home page in English

C
Electric power transmission system operators in Brazil
Energy companies established in 1999
1999 establishments in Brazil


These are the official results of the Men's 400 metres Hurdles event at the 1995 IAAF World Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden. There were a total number of 54 participating athletes, with seven qualifying heats, two semi-finals and the final held on Thursday 1995-08-10.

Final

Semi-finals
Held on Tuesday 1993-08-08

Qualifying heats
Held on Monday 1995-08-07

See also
 1992 Men's Olympic 400m Hurdles (Barcelona)
 1994 Men's European Championships 400m Hurdles (Helsinki)
 1996 Men's Olympic 400m Hurdles (Atlanta)
 1998 Men's European Championships 400m Hurdles (Budapest)

References
 Results

H
400 metres hurdles at the World Athletics Championships


Arthur Charles Hind (22 December 1904 – 20 November 1991) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Delhi.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played as goalkeeper against Japan. India won 11-1, the goal by Inohara was the first conceded by India who had won the gold in the 1928 Olympics without conceding a goal.

References

External links

1904 births
1991 deaths
Field hockey players from Delhi
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Anglo-Indian people
Olympic gold medalists for India
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian emigrants to Australia
Australian people of Anglo-Indian descent


The ČSD E 669.2 is a class of electric locomotives designed, built and used in the former Czechoslovakia for heavy freight trains. The class is a development of the E 669.1 class.

Surviving members of the class are now used in the Czech Republic (ČD Class 182) by ČD Cargo and ODOS, in Slovakia by private operator Lokorail and in Poland by various private operators including CTL Logistics and PTK Holding).

History
As the class is a slight modification of Class E669.1, no prototype was built. The locomotives were built in the years 1963–65 in three types: 59E1, 59E2 and 59E3. 168 locomotives were built in those series.

Currently the whole class is being systematically withdrawn in the Czech Republic, where the last survivors are based in Ostrava. In Slovakia the whole series was withdrawn on 31 March 2006. Since 2005, withdrawn locomotives have usually been rented or sold to various Polish private operators.

Nicknames
Šestikolak (English The Sixwheeler) in the Czech Republic - from the number of wheels
Rakaňa in Slovakia

See also
List of ČD Classes

References

External links
 Website for E 669 locos (Czech)
 Website for E 669.0 (Czech)

Co′Co′ locomotives
Electric locomotives of Czechoslovakia
Electric locomotives of the Czech Republic
Electric locomotives of Slovakia
Railway locomotives introduced in 1963
Škoda locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Czechoslovakia
Standard gauge locomotives of the Czech Republic
Standard gauge locomotives of Poland
Standard gauge locomotives of Slovakia
Co′Co′ electric locomotives of Europe


2751 Campbell, provisional designation , is a stony Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6 kilometers in diameter.

It was discovered on 7 September 1962, by IU's Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States. It is named for American astronomer William Wallace Campbell.

Classification and orbit

Campbell is a member of the stony subgroup of the Nysa family (), a group of asteroids in the inner main-belt not far from the Kirkwood gap at 2.5 AU, a depleted zone where a 3:1 orbital resonance with the orbit of Jupiter exists. The Nysian group is named after its largest member 44 Nysa.

It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,363 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.17 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation, as no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made.

Physical characteristics

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Campbell measures 5.73 and 6.907 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.30 and 0.281, respectively, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a larger diameter of 7.46 kilometers, with an absolute magnitude of 13.0. Campbell is an assumed S-type asteroid.

Rotation and shape

In November 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Campbell was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 2.747 hours with a brightness variation of 0.08 magnitude, which indicates, that the body has a nearly spheroidal shape ().

Naming

This minor planet was named in memory of American astronomer William Wallace Campbell (1862–1938), an observational spectroscopist and one of the first to measure the radial velocity of a large number of stars. In the 1920s and 1930s, Campbell was heading the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the International Astronomical Union, and the University of California, and he was director of the Lick Observatory from 1901 to 1930. The lunar crater Campbell, as well as the Martian crater Campbell were named in his honor. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 5 November 1987 ().

References

External links
 Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
 Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
 Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center

002751
002751
Named minor planets
19620907


Masud Ali Khan Minhas (1911 – 16 January 1936) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match as halfback.

He was born in Sarikue, India and died of tuberculosis in Calcutta, India sometime in the late 1930s.

References

External links

 Olympic profile

1911 births
Field hockey players from Punjab, India
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
1936 deaths
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis deaths in the British Empire
Sportspeople from British India


Waleed F. Zuaiter (; born January 16, 1971) is an Arab-American actor and producer who has performed in on-stage productions in Washington, D.C.; Berkeley, California; and New York City, as well as several film and television productions. He lives in Los Angeles, California. He is the producer and co-star of Omar (2013), which was nominated for an Oscar at the 86th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film.

Early life and education
Zuaiter, an American with Palestinian ancestry, born in 1971 in Sacramento, California, but grew up in Kuwait. He returned to the United States to earn his degree in philosophy and theatre at George Washington University, in Washington, D.C..

Career
Zuaiter began his acting career with several productions in Washington, before relocating to New York City.

On the New York stage, he received critical acclaim for his portrayal of a former Iraqi translator for the U.S. military, in George Packer's Betrayed. He also has starred in David Greig's The American Pilot at the Manhattan Theatre Club, Tony Kushner's Homebody/Kabul, Ilan Hatsor's Masked, Eliam Kraiem's Sixteen Wounded, and Victoria Brittain and Gillian Slovo's Guantanamo: Honor Bound to Defend Freedom. He also performed alongside Meryl Streep and Kevin Kline in Mother Courage at the Public Theater.

Zuaiter is also the producer of the annual New York Arab-American Comedy Festival and a member of the Arab-American theater collective NIBRAS.

Zuaiter's film and television productions include the HBO/BBC miniseries House of Saddam, Sex and the City 2 and The Men Who Stare at Goats, in which he played the role of Mahmud Daash. Recently, he completed filming the suspense-thriller Elevator, directed by Stig Svendsen, in which he plays a man trapped in a Wall Street elevator with several people, one of whom has a bomb.

Most recently Waleed produced and starred in Omar, a gripping thriller written and directed by Golden Globe winner and Oscar nominee Hany Abu-Assad (Paradise Now). The film was selected as the Palestinian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 86th Academy Awards, and was nominated for an Academy Award. It also won Best Feature Film at the 2013 Asian Pacific Screen Awards.

He also was featured in an NBC Universal Pilot written by Tom Fontana and Barry Levinson and directed by Spike Lee, starring Bobby Cannavale. Alongside Bobby Cannavale, Waleed's son, Laith Zuaiter, was featured in the pilot. Waleed Zuaiter starred in London Has Fallen as Kamran Barkawi, Aamir Barkawi's son and henchman and second in command of a terrorist strike.

He starred as the recurring character Samir Abboud in the Netflix adaptation of the novel Altered Carbon. Zuaiter starred in Billionaire Boys Club as The Persian, Hedayat Eslaminia and Izzy’s Father. In 2019, Waleed Zuaiter starred in Netflix limited series The Spy, as the Syrian Colonel Amin al-Hafiz.

In 2020, he played the role of a former Iraqi police officer collaborating with US forces while trying to find his missing daughter in the series Baghdad Central. The role earned him a leading actor nomination in the 2021 British Academy Television Awards.

In 2021, he starred as Hassan Asfour, senior Palestinian Liberation Organization negotiator, in the HBO film Oslo about the negotiations that led to the Oslo I Accord.

As of October 2022, Zuaiter is co-starring as Koba, a Georgian assassin and crime boss, in the second season of Gangs of London, a London crime drama series airing on Sky Atlantic in the UK and Germany, and on AMC in the US.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links
Arab American News
 Profile of Waleed Zuaiter in The National
 Profile of Waleed Zuaiter at the Institute for Middle East Understanding
 New York Times review of the play Abandoned
 Article about Waleed Zuaiter in TalkMoviesWorld.com

1971 births
Living people
American people of Palestinian descent
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Columbian College of Arts and Sciences alumni


Cronje is an Afrikaans surname, derived from the French Cronier. It may refer to:

Andrew Cronje (born 1984), South African field hockey player
Andries Petrus Cronjé (1833-1916), Orange Free State Volksraad and cabinet member and Boer general
Andries Petrus Johannes Cronjé (1849-1923), Boer general and member of National Scouts
Coert Cronjé (born 1988), South African rugby union player
Darryl Cronje (born 1967), South African swimmer
Erich Cronjé (born 1997), South African rugby union player
Ewie Cronje (1939–2020), South African cricketer
Frans Cronje (born 1967), South African former cricketer
Gavin Cronje (born 1979), South African racing driver
Guy Cronjé (born 1989), South African-born Zimbabwean international rugby union footballer
Hansie Cronje (1969–2002), South African cricketer
Hermione Cronje, South African prosecutor
Jacques Cronjé (born 1982), South African rugby player
Johan Cronje (born 1982), South African Olympic athlete
Kenan Cronjé (born 1995), South African rugby union player
Lionel Cronjé (born 1989), South African rugby union footballer
Nicolene Cronje (born 1983), South African race walker
Peter Cronjé (1949–2020), South African rugby player
Piet Cronjé (1836–1911), South African general, Anglo-Boer Wars
Rowan Cronjé (1937–2014), Rhodesian/Zimbabwean politician
Ruan Cronje (born 2001), South African cricketer

Surnames of French origin
Surnames of Belgian origin
Afrikaans-language surnames


Madeline and the Gypsies is a children's picture book by Ludwig Bemelmans featuring Bemelman's popular character Madeline. It was first published in 1959 by Viking Press under the Viking Juvenile imprint.

Plot
Pepito, the son of the Spanish Ambassador, invites Madeline and her fellow students to a Gypsy carnival. However, in the chaos caused by a sudden rainstorm, Miss Clavel and the other girls lose sight of Madeline and Pepito, who are unintentionally left behind on the Ferris wheel. The two children find themselves guests of the gypsies, and soon wind up part of the carnival themselves.

Adaptations
According to a review in Publishers Weekly, an element from this book is rehashed in a different setting for the posthumously published Madeline book Madeline in America and Other Holiday Tales.

A 1966 Czech-American animated film titled Alice of Wonderland in Paris briefly adapts the story, along with four other short stories.

In 2008, it was adapted into a musical, with script by Barry Kornhauser and score by Michael Koerner, which premiered at The Children's Theater Company in Minneapolis, MN.

References

External links
 Publishers Weekly

1959 children's books
American picture books
Children's fiction books
Viking Press books
Books adapted into plays
Fictional representations of Romani people

Madeline


Ffrith Beach, Prestatyn, Denbighshire, North Wales  is one of three sandy beaches along the Prestatyn coastline - Barkby Beach, Central Beach and Ffrith Beach. A promenade joins the three beaches, and, at around 4-miles in length, is used by walkers and cyclists. It has been incorporated into the National Cycle Network. The views along the promenade extend from the Snowdonian Mountains, the Great Orme of Llandudno and Anglesey in the west, through to The Wirral to the east, and Prestatyn Hillside to the south. On very clear days, it is possible to see the Isle of Man, the Cumbrian Mountains and Blackpool Tower, while the BHP Petroleum Douglas oil and gas platform in Liverpool Bay is usually visible.

History
Prestatyn Urban Council accepted a tender for a festival garden area containing "a model yacht pond, café, tea gardens and bathing chalets" in 1935. By the 1990s it had become derelict, and in 2006 Denbighshire County Council announced that it was:
"... to start working with a company to regenerate Prestatyn's Ffrith Beach.  The Asset Management Committee yesterday (Tuesday) saw presentations from two companies bidding to develop the site. A preferred bidder was chosen, but for commercial reasons cannot yet be named.  Cllr Julian Thompson-Hill, Committee Chairman, said: 'Denbighshire is committed to ensuring that the Ffrith is restored as a site which is an attraction to local people and the county as a whole. This is a major step forward and we are looking forward to working with the preferred bidder to make the most of this important asset.'  Denbighshire officers will now work with the preferred bidder over the coming months to develop their initial proposals."

However, whilst negotiations were underway, arsonists set fire to the derelict complex on 1 March 2007.

Ffrith Beach Fun Parc
In September 2007, the Ffrith Beach Fun Parc was being developed on Ffrith Beach with the dunes and its wildlife managed by Denbighshire County Council in conjunction with the developers Ffrith Leisure Ltd. The first new unit to open on Ffrith Beach was La Freccia Ristorante.

The development included a funfair with some of the rides from the closed-down Ocean Beach funfair at Rhyl being transferred to the site, but at the end of 2008 - start of 2009, Ffrith Leisure went bankrupt. The local council began running the site as a going concern with a view to finding another company to take on the site.

Most of the funfair rides were removed and some transferred to the rear of the buildings.

References

External links
 www.conceptnews.org/ffrith Pictures of Ffrith Beach in 2008.
 Ffrith Beach Festival Gardens (BBC North East & Cumbria)
 Ffrith Beach Fun Parc Featured on attractionsnorthwales.co.uk
 The Good Beach Guide Featuring Ffrith Beach
 rhyl-prestatyn.co.uk Rhyl and Prestatyn Beaches
 rdjfl.leaguerepublic.com

Beaches of Denbighshire
Coast of Denbighshire
Tourist attractions in Denbighshire
Prestatyn


The Scourge of God () is a 1920 Austrian film directed by Michael Curtiz. It was the sequel to The Star of Damascus.

Cast
 Lucy Doraine
 Anton Tiller
 Svetozar Petrov

External links

Films directed by Michael Curtiz
1920 films
Austrian black-and-white films
Austrian silent feature films


Gurmit Singh Kular (1907 – 4 February 1992) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Sansarpur, Jalandhar and died in Punjab.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played two matches as forward and scored eight goals.

External links

 Sikh Hockey Olympians profile
 Database Olympics profile

1907 births
1992 deaths
Field hockey players from Jalandhar
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics


These are the official results of the Men's 400 metres Hurdles event at the 1997 IAAF World Championships in Athens, Greece. There were a total number of 51 participating athletes, with seven qualifying heats, three semi-finals and the final held on Monday 4 August 1997.

Final

Semi-finals
Held on Sunday 1997-08-03

Qualifying heats
Held on Saturday 1997-08-02

See also
 1994 Men's European Championships 400m Hurdles (Helsinki)
 1995 Men's World Championships 400m Hurdles (Gothenburg)
 1996 Men's Olympic 400m Hurdles (Atlanta)
 1998 Men's European Championships 400m Hurdles (Budapest)
 1999 Men's World Championships 400m Hurdles (Seville)
 2000 Men's Olympic 400m Hurdles (Sydney)

References
 Results

H
400 metres hurdles at the World Athletics Championships


William Patrick "Pat" Sullivan (August 30, 1909 – 1981) was an Indian field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1932 he was a member of the Indian field hockey team, which won the gold medal. He played one match as forward.

He was born in Lonavla, India.

External links

 William Sullivan's profile at databaseOlympics.com
 William Sullivan's profile at Sports Reference.com

1909 births
1981 deaths
Field hockey players from Maharashtra
Olympic field hockey players for India
Field hockey players at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian male field hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for India
Anglo-Indian people
Olympic medalists in field hockey
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Indian emigrants to England
British people of Anglo-Indian descent