The 1983 NCAA Division I lacrosse tournament was the 13th annual tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team champion of men's college lacrosse among its Division I programs at the end of the 1983 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse season.

Syracuse defeated Johns Hopkins in the championship game, 17–16, to claim the Orangemen's first NCAA national title.

The final was played at Rutgers Stadium at Rutgers University in Piscataway, New Jersey.

Overview
In an exciting NCAA lacrosse finals, Syracuse capped off a 14-1 season with its first NCAA championship and fifth overall lacrosse title as they defeated Johns Hopkins, 17–16. The Orangemen, led by Brad Kotz and Tim Nelson, scored eight straight goals in less than nine minutes in the second half to clinch the title after Hopkins had gone up 12–5 midway through the third quarter.

Syracuse was seeded second and hosted the first round and semifinal games. The Orangemen beat Penn, the seventh-seed, 11–8 at Syracuse's J.S. Coyne Stadium. In the semifinals in the Carrier Dome, the Orangemen beat Maryland 12–5 behind Randy Lundblad’s one goal and four assists and Travis Solomon’s 22 saves.

In the finals, the Blue Jays had a 12–5 lead with less than seven minutes to play in the third period when the Orangemen rallied. Syracuse outscored the Blue Jays 4–1 to close out the third period and then added six straight goals in the fourth to go up 15–13. Hopkins tied the score at 15, but goals by Brad Kotz and Lundblad gave the Orangemen a two-goal cushion with Del Dressell scoring the final Hopkins goal. Tim Nelson had two goals and six assists in the finals, to finish as the tournament’s leading scorer with 15 points. Kotz scored five goals, all in the second half and was named Most Outstanding Player. Travis Solomon made 18 saves for the Orange.

Late in the third quarter, team captain and defenseman Darren Lawlor scored a key goal left-handed which provided a spark for the Orangemen. Overcoming a seven goal deficit against a Hopkins team participating in its seventh straight title game, Lawlor and the other Orangemen seniors provided the spark. But the offensive punch came primarily from sophomores, including midfielder Brad Kotz of West Genesee and Tim Nelson, the transfer from North Carolina State. Nelson's pass to Randy Lundblad for an open-net goal with 1:09 left locked up the title for the Orangemen.

For Hopkins, Dressel was outstanding exhibiting one on one skills on par with the Orangemen's most athletic players, finishing with three goals and one assist in the finals.

Syracuse and Johns Hopkins would go on to meet in the NCAA finals five more times, the last time in 2008. This was Hopkins' seventh straight NCAA final.

Bracket

Box scores

Finals

Semifinals

Quarterfinals

Tournament outstanding players
Brad Kotz, Syracuse (Named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player)

See also
1983 NCAA women's lacrosse tournament
1983 NCAA Division III lacrosse tournament

References

External links
1983 NCAA Lacrosse Title Syracuse Hopkins part1 on YouTube
1983 NCAA Lacrosse Title Syracuse Hopkins part2 on YouTube

NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament
NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship
NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship
NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship
NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship
NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship


KKHQ may refer to:

 KKHQ-FM, a radio station (98.5 FM) licensed to serve Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States
 KOEL-FM, a radio station (92.3 FM) licensed to serve Oelwein, Iowa, which held the call sign KKHQ-FM from 2003 to 2020
 KOEL (AM), a radio station (950 AM) licensed to serve Oelwein, Iowa, which held the call sign KKHQ in 2003
 KXAI, a radio station (103.7 FM) licensed to serve Odem, Texas, United States, which held the call sign KKHQ from 1988 to 1996


The South Fork Republican River is a river that arises in Lincoln County, Colorado, United States, and flows east-northeastward for about  through Kit Carson and Yuma Counties, Colorado, and Cheyenne County, Kansas, to a confluence with the Republican River in Dundy County, Nebraska. Bonny Reservoir is located on the South Fork Republican River in Yuma County, Colorado.

The South Fork Republican River drains an area of , including , or 75.8%, in eastern Colorado, , or 24.0%, in northwestern Kansas, and , or 0.2%, in southwestern Nebraska.

Use of water from the South Fork Republican River is governed by the Republican River Compact, a water agreement among the U.S. states of Colorado, Kansas Nebraska signed on 12-31-1942

See also
List of rivers in Colorado
List of rivers in Kansas
List of rivers in Nebraska
Colorado drainage basins

References

External links
Republican River Compact

Rivers of Colorado
Rivers of Kansas
Rivers of Nebraska
Bodies of water of Dundy County, Nebraska
Tributaries of the Kansas River
Rivers of Lincoln County, Colorado
Rivers of Kit Carson County, Colorado
Bodies of water of Cheyenne County, Kansas
Rivers of Yuma County, Colorado


The BMW 501 was a luxury car manufactured by BMW from 1952 to 1958. Introduced at the first Frankfurt Motor Show in 1951, the 501 was the first BMW model to be manufactured and sold after the Second World War, and as the first BMW car built in Bavaria.  The 501 and its derivatives, including the V8 powered BMW 502, were nicknamed “Baroque Angels” by the German public.  The BMW 502 was the first postwar German car to be manufactured with a V8 engine.

While the 501 and 502 model numbers were discontinued in 1958, variations of the model, with the same platform and body, were continued until 1963.

Background

Autovelo restarts "BMW" production

Production at BMW's motor car factory in Eisenach restarted in late 1945 with pre-war BMW models.  However, Eisenach was in the Soviet occupation zone, and the cars were not being manufactured by BMW AG, but by the Soviet manufacturing entity Autovelo. Despite not being made by BMW, these cars bore the BMW logo and were being sold as BMWs.

Meanwhile, BMW AG restarted manufacture on a much smaller scale, starting with pots and pans, and eventually moving up to household hardware and bicycles.  Eventually, with permission from the U.S. authorities and funding from the banks under which BMW had been put into receivership, they began manufacturing motorcycles in 1948.

To end Autovelo's continued trademark infringement, the Eisenach branch of BMW was dissolved effective 28 September 1949 and was legally severed as at 11 October.  Without any legal arguments to continue using BMW's name and logo, Autovelo changed the name to EMW (Eisenacher Motorenwerk, Eisenach Motors' Work) and changed the blue colour in the logo to red.

Three approaches to car manufacture

Donath
Kurt Donath, technical director of BMW and general manager of the Milbertshofen factory, was soliciting manufacturers, including Ford and Simca, to produce their vehicles under licence.  In particular, Donath was looking to produce old products under licence, so that he could buy tooling along with the licence.

Böning

While Donath was trying to find a car to build under licence, chief engineer Alfred Böning developed a prototype for a small economy car powered by a motorcycle engine.  Called the BMW 331, the prototype used a 600 cc motorcycle engine, a four-speed gearbox, and a live rear axle. The body was designed by Peter Schimanowski and resembled a BMW 327 in miniature.

Grewenig
The BMW 331 was proposed for production to the management, where it was vetoed by sales director Hanns Grewenig. Grewenig, a banker and former Opel plant manager, believed that BMW's small production capacity was best suited to luxury cars with high profit margins, similar to the cars BMW made just before the war. To this end, he had Böning and his team create the car that would become the 501.

Design and engineering
The 501 was an all-new platform, with a perimeter frame, double A-arm front suspension with torsion bar springs, and a live axle with torsion bar springs at the rear.  The steering mechanism was similar to a rack and pinion system except that the rack was semi-circular instead of straight.

The 501 was powered by the M337 engine, a development of the BMW M78 used in the pre-war BMW 326.

The four-speed gearbox was not bolted to the engine, but was a separate shaft-driven unit mounted between the second and third crossmembers. While the remote gearbox placement led to a complicated linkage to the column-mounted shifter, resulting in vague shifter action, it also improved legroom for the front passengers.

The body was designed in house by Peter Schimanowski.  After seeing the prototype, BMW's management commissioned Pininfarina to build an alternative.  The Pininfarina prototype was thought to be too similar to his design for the Alfa Romeo 1900 saloon, so BMW stayed with Schimanowski's design. The steel body was far heavier than Schimanowski had calculated it to be, resulting in the completed car having a dry weight of .  Performance suffered as a result, with a top speed of  and acceleration to  taking 27 seconds, both of which compared unfavourably with the six-cylinder Mercedes-Benz 220.

One innovation was the attention paid to passive safety. The car featured a robust chassis providing above average side impact protection, an unusually short steering column with the steering gear set well back from the front of the car, and a fuel tank placed in a carefully protected location above the rear axle in order to minimize fire risk in the event of an accident.

Reception and production

The 501 was introduced to the public in April 1951 at the Frankfurt Motor Show, as was its less expensive, production-ready rival, the Mercedes-Benz 220. The 501 made an impression on the public with its solid engineering and its extravagance.  Its list price of more than fifteen thousand Deutsche Mark was about four times the average yearly salary in Germany at the time. The public nicknamed the 501 "Barockengel" (Baroque Angel) in reference to the curved, flowing style of the body, which was reminiscent of the Baroque era.

Development issues delayed the start of production until late 1952, and even then BMW still did not have equipment for pressing body panels in operation. The first 2,045 four-door saloon bodies were built by Karosserie Baur and were shipped from Baur in Stuttgart to BMW's factory in Munich for assembly.  The thousandth 501 was completed on 1 September 1953.

The 501 and derivatives built at BMW were four-door saloons. Coupe and convertible versions were available as custom orders from Baur or Autenrieth.

A road test of the 501 in March 1953 by Auto- und Motorrad-Welt reported better than average wind resistance, as well as good ride quality and an effective heating system. The fuel consumption was reported to be .

Development of the BMW 501

The 501A was released in 1954 as a replacement for the original 501 with similar trim and equipment, but which sold for DM14,180, a price reduction of more than eight hundred Deutsche Mark from the original 501. The 501B was a decontented [sic] version that sold for DM500 less than the 501A. Both the 501A and 501B used a revised M337 engine.

The engine and the model designation were altered again in the spring of 1955.  The 501A and 501 B were replaced by the 501/3, with an updated M337 engine. The 501/3 was introduced alongside the 501 V8, which featured a detuned version of the 2.6-litre V8 introduced in the 502 the previous year.  The 501/3 and 501 V8 were continued until 1958, when the six-cylinder engine and the 501 model designation were discontinued.

BMW 502

Before the construction of the first prototype of the 501, Böning had calculated the mass of the car as designed, and realized that the six-cylinder engine would be barely adequate to power the car.  He proposed the development of a larger engine to power future versions of the car to the management, who accepted his proposal.  Böning began the design and development of a V8 engine similar in general design to the then-new Oldsmobile Rocket V8, with a single camshaft in the vee operating overhead valves in wedge-shaped combustion chambers through pushrods. The BMW OHV V8 engine differed from its Detroit contemporaries in the use of an aluminium alloy block with cast-iron cylinder liners, and in its smaller size, initially with a  bore and a  stroke, giving a displacement of .  The development of the V8 was completed by Fritz Fiedler, who replaced Böning as BMW's chief engineer in 1952.

The V8 engine was introduced at the 1954 Geneva Motor Show as the engine of the new BMW 502 saloon car.  Using the same chassis and basically the same body as the 501, the 502 was more luxuriously appointed and, with its light V8 engine producing  with a single two-barrel Solex carburettor, was much faster. The published top speed of  was far higher than that of the first six-cylinder version of the Ponton Mercedes launched the same year. At the time of its introduction the 502 was reportedly Germany's fastest passenger sedan in regular production.

The 502 was acclaimed as Germany's first post-war V8 powered car, but its high price of DM17,800 led to low sales; only 190 were sold in its first year of production.

The 502 was distinguished from the 501 by additional chrome trim and more lavish interior fittings. Fog lights and individual front seats were also now included as standard features.  The 502 was mildly restyled in 1955 with a wraparound rear window.

As well as the saloon version, BMW offered Baur built two-door cabriolet and coupé versions of the 502 in 1954 and 1955. 501s and 502s were also converted into ambulances and hearses.

BMW 2.6 and 2.6 Luxus
The 501 and 502 model designations were discontinued in 1958, when the 501 V8 was renamed the BMW 2.6 and the 502 was renamed the 2.6 Luxus. The cars were continued under these model designations until 1961 with only two notable changes: Power steering became an option in 1959, while front disc brakes were added in 1960.

BMW 2600 and 2600L
In 1961, the model designations were changed again, to 2600 and 2600L.  The engine in the 2600L was tuned to give . Production ended in 1963.

BMW 3.2 and 3.2 Super

A further development of the V8 engine was introduced at the 1955 Frankfurt Motor Show. This had a  bore, giving a capacity of  . The engine made its debut in four new cars at the show, the 507 two-seat convertible, the 503 coupe, the 505 limousine prototype, and the BMW 3.2, a development of the 502 that did not have a model number and was identified simply by its displacement in litres. As used in the 3.2 and the 505, the engine had a compression ratio of 7.2:1, up from the 7.0:1 of the original 2.6 L V8 engine. In this tune, the engine yielded   The final drive ratio was raised from 4.225:1 on the smaller-engined sedans to 3.89:1 on the 3.2 to reduce the fuel consumption of the larger engine.

In 1957, the 3.2 Super with a  engine, was released.  The 3.2 and 3.2 Super were continued under these model designations until 1961 with only two notable changes: Power steering became an option in 1959, while front disc brakes were added to the 3.2 Super in October 1959 and to the 3.2 in 1960.

BMW 3200L and 3200S
In 1961, the 3.2 and 3.2 Super were replaced by the 3200L and 3200S respectively.  The 3200L had a single carburettor engine that produced , while the 3200S had a twin carburettor engine that produced  at 5600 revolutions per minute.

A report on a 3.2-litre BMW saloon estimated the 502's consumption at .

Production ended in 1963.

Other developments

BMW 503 and 507

The BMW 503 and 507 were grand touring cars; the 503 was a four-seat coupé or convertible while the 507 was a two-seat convertible. Conceived by US importer Max Hoffman, designed by German-American designer Albrecht von Goertz, and engineered by Fritz Fiedler, the 503 and 507 used variations of a chassis specially designed for them, along with reworked twin carburettor versions of the 3.2 engines.  They were supposed to be priced at about five thousand dollars in the United States and be sold in the thousands by Hoffman.  Instead, the 503 and 507 ended up being priced at about ten thousand dollars, and only 412 and 252, respectively, were sold.

BMW 505 prototype
The Frankfurt Motor Show in 1955 saw the presentation of the BMW 505, a limousine based on the new 3.2 saloon. Styled by Giovanni Michelotti, the 505 was 5.1 metres long, with a wheelbase of about 3.1 metres. Konrad Adenauer, the Chancellor of West Germany, tried out the 505. It is reported that, on entering the car, Adenauer knocked his hat off. Regardless of the reason, Adenauer continued to use the Mercedes-Benz 300 as his official car to the extent that the type acquired the nickname “Adenauer Mercedes”.  The BMW 505 never went into series production, and only two prototypes were built.

BMW 3200 CS

The BMW 3200 CS was a coupé built from 1961 to 1965.  The body was designed and built by Bertone and shipped to BMW's factory in Munich, where it was fitted to a 3200S chassis.  This was the last variant of the 501 to be manufactured by BMW.

Production figures

Police vehicles
During the 1950s and 1960s, the 501 radio patrol cars were widely used as police vehicles by many police departments in Bavaria, including Bavarian State Police and Munich City Police (Stadtpolizei München). The car with its relatively fast 145 km/h (90 mph) top speed by 1950s standards, was a blessing for police, as most criminals did not have easy access to faster cars like a Mercedes-Benz 300 SL or a Porsche. The traffic police units for country roads and Autobahns were even issued V8-powered cars, which were even faster. The police cars also featured a Lorenz radio telephone, allowing police officers to easily communicate with the dispatch. Munich police force used seventeen 501 patrol cars, which were used for about 10 years and about 130,000 service kilometers before being retired. The last two police cars were delivered to Amberg in 1965, after 501's production had ended. They were retired by 1971 due to rust issues.

A 501 patrol car was the centerpiece of early 1960s police drama Funkstreife Isar 12.

Legacy

Commercially, the 501 was a success when compared to contemporary six-cylinder Borgward saloons. During the 1950s, the sector was increasingly dominated by Mercedes-Benz, and 501 volumes never approached those achieved by Stuttgart built competitors. Throughout the 1950s, BMW's finances were believed to be precarious, following the loss of their Eisenach plant. The relatively low sales volumes achieved by the 501 was one among various reasons offered by commentators for the company's financial woes. Matters came to a head when a Daimler-Benz takeover was threatened, averted in 1959 only with Herbert Quandt’s dramatic rescue of the company.

References
Citations

Bibliography

501 502
Executive cars
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
1960s cars
Limousines
Cars introduced in 1951
Cars discontinued in 1962


History Rocks was a non-fictional, educational television program shown on The History Channel. Each episode explains eight historical events, arranged by decade, through multimedia presentations consisting of photographs, archival footage, popular music and pop-up trivia. Six episodes were produced, with two focusing on 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. At one time, the History Channel website discussed a fourth special on the topic of Sex, but the official History Rocks''' website at the History Channel no longer mentions it.

Although the show was originally hosted by Meat Loaf, subsequent airings of the videos edited Meat Loaf out and removed his segues between videos.

List of Segments

1960s
 Violence Batters 1968 Democratic Convention / "My Generation" by The Who
 The Draft Lottery / "Get Together" by The Youngbloods
 First of the Muscle Cars: Pontiac GTO / "Born to Be Wild" by Steppenwolf
 Marilyn Monroe's Mysterious Death / "Nights in White Satin" by The Moody Blues
 Smoking is Hazardous / "Ring of Fire"
 The Pill Begins Sexual Revolution / "Time of the Season" by The Zombies
 G.I. Joe / "Bend Me, Shape Me" by The Outsiders
 Summer of Love / "Sunshine of Your Love" by Cream
 Cassius Clay changes his name / "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin)" by Sly and the Family Stone
 Castro Must Die! / "Feelin' Alright" by Joe Cocker
Growing up in the 1960s / "Sunshine Superman" by Donovan
 The JFK Conspiracy / "I Can See for Miles" by The Who
 LSD and Timothy Leary / "White Room" by Cream
 Race for Space / "Magic Carpet Ride" by Steppenwolf
 Vietnam Soldier / "A Whiter Shade of Pale" by Procol Harum
  Volkswagen in the 1960s / "Venus" by The Shocking Blue

1970s
 Munich massacre / "Hold Your Head Up" by Argent
 The Beginning of Video Games / "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet" by Bachman-Turner Overdrive
 Fall of Saigon / "Free Bird" by Lynyrd Skynyrd
 CB Radio / "Jessica" by The Allman Brothers Band
 Jonestown / "(Don't Fear) The Reaper" by Blue Öyster Cult
 Disappearance of Jimmy Hoffa / "Takin' Care of Business" by Bachman-Turner Overdrive
 History of the Concorde / "Come Sail Away" by Styx
 Saturday Night Massacre / "Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting" by Elton John
 History of the Muscle Car / "Cars" by Gary Numan
 Elvis meets Richard Nixon / "Why Can't We Be Friends?" by War
 Iranian Revolution / "The Logical Song" by Supertramp
 Three Mile Island accident / "Message in a Bottle" by The Police

1980s
 Perestroika
 America's War On Drugs (The crack epidemic) / "Electric Avenue" by Eddy Grant
 Going Mobile / "Call Me" by Blondie
 Pac-Man Fever / "Everybody Have Fun Tonight" by Wang Chung
 Black Monday / "Urgent" by Foreigner
 Mount St. Helens eruption / "Should I Stay or Should I Go" by The Clash
 Supercars / "Obsession" by Animotion
 The Berlin Wall / "We're Not Gonna Take It" by Twisted Sister
 Reagan Meets Gorbachev / "Cult of Personality" by Living Colour

Future airings
Although the History Channel frequently aired the series during the summer of 2007, the official website states that there are no plan to air the episodes in the immediate future. Most of the videos are available, however, for on-demand online viewing. The full set of segments from the 1960s are currently available. The shop at the History Channel's website has a section devoted to History Rocks, but the videos available for purchase are only related to the individual segments and do not contain the actual videos aired on television.

Similarities to other showsHistory Rocks shares many similarities with the BBC television show The Rock 'n' Roll Years aired between 1985 and 1994. The format of the programme, which was based on the BBC Radio 1 series 25 Years of Rock, was primarily of news clips with narrative subtitles set to music of the time with no presenters or voice-overs.History Rocks is also close in format to the VH1's program Pop-up Video. Although Rocks frequently discusses more serious topics than does Video, both programs have videos with identical form and structure; both videos use "info nuggets" and popular music as their central premise. Video predates Rocks by several years. Rocks has occasionally been criticized for its similarity to Video, but many of its fans support Rocks's appeal to a wider audience than other documentary shows.

Awards
In 2007, History Rocks'' was awarded "Best short form audiovisual entertainment made for mobile and/or Internet lifestyle/music" at  Mipcom's Mobile and Internet TV Awards

References

External links
 History Channel's "History Rocks" website with links to videos.
  Article about "History Rocks" in the Seattle Times

History (American TV channel) original programming
Rock music television series
Nostalgia television shows
Nostalgia television in the United States


KOKX may refer to:

 KOKX (AM), a radio station (1310 AM) licensed to Keokuk, Iowa, United States
 KQKL (FM), a radio station (95.3 FM) licensed to Keokuk, Iowa, which held the call sign KOKX-FM from 1984 to 2019
 The New York City regional weather forecast office (physically located in Upton, New York)


KQMG may refer to:

 KQMG (AM), a radio station (1220 AM) licensed to serve Independence, Iowa, United States
 KQMG-FM, a radio station (95.3 FM) licensed to serve Independence, Iowa


La Cueva is an unincorporated community on the Mora River in Mora County, New Mexico, United States, situated at the intersection of New Mexico State Roads 442 and 518.

History
It was established in 1851 by Vicente Romero who found the nearby location of Fort Union provided both protection from the Apache and a market for his crops.  Legend has it that he named the village La Cueva because he lived in a nearby cave (Sp.: la cueva) while he was building his ranch house.  He and his neighbors prospered and he built a grist mill in the early 1860s.
La Cueva had a post office from 1868 until 1961. The La Cueva Historic District became a United States registered historical district in 1973 and preserves . It includes the mill, the original San Rafael Church, a mercantile (store), the 1851 Romero ranch house, as well as other parts of the Romero ranch and village center.

David Salman purchased the former La Cueva Ranch in Mora County, which he revitalized by producing farm products, particularly raspberries.
He was president of the Salman Ranch from 1960 to 2002. Salman was later a New Mexico House Representative.
In April 1980 there was controversy over a proposed music and ecology festival to be held on the  ranch, expected to attract up to 300,000 people.

La Cueva Lake is  east of the village.

References

External links
 "National Register of Historic Places: New Mexico - Mora County - Historic Districts"
 The Hispano Ranchos of Northern New Mexico: Continuity and Change, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan

Unincorporated communities in New Mexico
Unincorporated communities in Mora County, New Mexico


Lewis Harry Holtby (born 18 September 1990) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for  club Holstein Kiel.

Holtby began his professional career with Alemannia Aachen before signing for Schalke 04 two years later. He was subsequently loaned to VfL Bochum and Mainz 05 before returning to Gelsenkirchen where he lifted the DFL-Supercup in 2011. He then spent two seasons in England with Premier League sides Tottenham and Fulham between 2013 and 2014 before returning to Germany to sign for Hamburger SV. There, he spent five seasons, including the 2017–18 Bundesliga campaign in which the club was relegated for the first time in history, and made over 100 appearances before spending two seasons with EFL Championship side Blackburn Rovers between 2019 and 2021.

Holtby also represented Germany at various youth levels from 2008 to 2013 and captained the nation at the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship. He made his senior debut against Sweden in 2010 and has since won 3 caps for the national side.

Club career

Early career
Lewis Harry Holtby was born on 18 September 1990 in Erkelenz, West Germany. He began playing football at the age of four with amateur side Sparta Gerderath, a club with whom his father had also previously played, before signing for Borussia Mönchengladbach when he was 11-years old. He spent three seasons in Gladbach's academy before the club let him go in 2004, deeming him to be too small and slow to make it as a professional footballer. Following his release, Holtby elected to sign for Alemannia Aachen in the second tier of German football at the age of 14.

Aachen

After three years in Aachen's academy, Holtby signed a professional contract with the club during the 2007–08 season. He was then handed his first-team debut at the age of 17 by caretaker manager Jörg Schmadtke in December 2007, coming on as a second half substitute for Mirko Casper in a 2–2 draw with FC St. Pauli. His debut was one of only two appearances for the season, with his second coming in a 3–1 loss to TuS Koblenz on the last match day of the campaign. The following season, Holtby was converted to the left wing position by new club manager Jürgen Seeberger. Excelling in his new role, he scored his first goal for the club on 8 December 2008 against 1860 Munich before netting a brace in a 6–2 drubbing of Nürnberg in February the following year. He ultimately made 31 appearances for the season and scored eight goals as Aachen ended the campaign in fourth place, narrowly missing out on a spot in the promotion playoffs. Holtby's form for the season saw him awarded the Gold Fritz Walter Medal for the best German U19 player in 2009, ahead of runners-up Konstantin Rausch and André Schürrle.

Schalke 04
Having impressed in the second division with Aachen, Holtby was courted by a number of Bundesliga sides ahead of the 2009–10 season. Schalke emerged as the successful suitors and in July 2008 signed him on a four-year deal for a reported fee of €2.5 million. He was handed his debut for the club on 1 August 2009 by manager Felix Magath, with whom he would later fall out with, in a 4–0 DFB Pokal win over Germania Windeck. He featured nine times in the league, during which he registered two assists, and twice in the cup before being loaned to fellow Bundesliga side Bochum in January for the remainder of the season.

Loan spells with Bochum and Mainz

Holtby joined Bochum at the end of January 2010, initially on an 18-month long loan deal. He made his debut for the club on 6 February in a 1–1 Bundesliga draw with Bayer Leverkusen in which he registered the assist for Zlatko Dedic's second-half equalizer. On 13 March, he scored his first goal for the club, and his first in the Bundesliga, in a 4–1 defeat at the hands of Dortmund. He made 14 appearances in total for Bochum and scored twice before his loan was cut short at the end of the season following the club's relegation.

Upon his return to Schalke, Holtby was once again loaned out for the 2010–11 season, this time to Mainz. Under the management of Thomas Tuchel at Mainz, Holtby formed a strong partnership with attackers Ádám Szalai and André Schürrle which helped the club to seven successive wins at the start of the season. His impressive form for the club caught the eye of national team coach Joachim Löw who selected him for the senior Germany squad in November 2010. He ultimately made 32 appearances for the season across all competitions and scored 6 goals as Mainz ended the season in fifth place, 18 points ahead of Schalke, and qualified for a spot in the UEFA Europa League for the next season. Upon the expiration of his loan at Mainz, Holtby paid tribute to Tuchel, describing him as a brilliant coach who had made him a much better player.

Return to Schalke

Following his return to Schalke, Holtby was named in the starting line-up for the 2011 Supercup on 23 July and scored the first penalty in a penalty shoot-out victory over Dortmund. He scored his first goal for the club the following month, netting Schalke's third in a 5–1 league win over Köln. Having previously played as an attacking fielder and winger, Holtby was converted to a deeper role under new manager Ralf Rangnick due to Spanish legend Raúl occupying the more advanced attacking position in the team. In spite of his more defensive role, Holtby managed to record a career best tally of nine goals for the season across 41 appearances, helping Schalke finish the campaign in fifth position in the league and as semi-finalists in the Champions League.

At the start of the following season, Holtby said that he would not be extending his contract with the club which was set to expire at the end of the campaign. During the January transfer window, Premier League side Tottenham announced that they had signed Holtby on a pre-contract, with the player to join the club in July 2013. On 18 January, during his first match following the announcement, he scored what proved to be the winning goal for Schalke in a 5–4 defeat of Hannover 96. He played only one more match for the club, however, as Tottenham reached an agreement with Schalke to fast-track Holtby's transfer to January following a serious injury to Sandro.

Tottenham Hotspur
On 28 January 2013, Holtby signed a four-and-a-half-year contract to complete a £1.5 million move to Tottenham Hotspur. He made his Spurs debut two days later, coming off the bench in the 71st minute to replace Clint Dempsey in a 1–1 draw with Norwich City away at Carrow Road. His home debut followed on 9 February in a 2–1 victory against Newcastle United. He made a total of 11 appearances as Tottenham ended the campaign in fifth place, ultimately missing out on a Champions League place by one point. Holtby scored his first Tottenham goal during the club's opening match of the following season on 29 August 2013, finding the back of the net from  in a 3–0 Europa League play-off round win over Dinamo Tbilisi. He then scored his first Premier League goal for the club on 4 December, netting the winner in a 2–1 triumph over Fulham at Craven Cottage. The goal proved to be his first and final goal for Tottenham in the league as the following month, after struggling to break into the first team under manager Tim Sherwood, he signed for Fulham on loan for the remainder of the season.

Loan to Fulham

Fulham completed the loan signing of Holtby on 31 January 2014, concluding the deal prior to the transfer window closing. Upon joining Fulham, Holtby told the club's official website that he was motivated to help them survive relegation and play his way into Germany's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad. He made his debut the following day and played the full 90 minutes in a 3–0 defeat at home to Southampton.

Two weeks later, Holtby was reunited with former Schalke coach Felix Magath when the German was appointed as new club manager following the sacking of René Meulensteen. Prior to his appointment, Magath was the subject of negative comments made by Holtby to German news publication Bild in which he said that he "survived" Magath's methods during their shared time at Schalke. This followed from reports of a feud between the two stemming from Magath's decision to loan Holtby out on two occasions at Schalke. Holtby later said that he was surprised by Magath's appointment but denied that there was a rift between them. In May, Holtby scored his first goal for the Cottagers, temporarily drawing Fulham level against Cardiff City in a match that ultimately ended as a 3–1 loss. It was the only goal he scored in his 13 appearances with Fulham, and the club were relegated to the Championship at the end of the season with a match still to be played.

Hamburger SV
Following his loan spell at Fulham, Holtby returned to Tottenham and by the end of August 2014 had made three appearances, included in which were two in the Europa League. However, having struggled to make an impact at White Hart Lane with Spurs, and after the club signed Benjamin Stambouli from Montpellier, Holtby elected to return to Germany to join Hamburg on loan the following month. In terms of the loan agreement, Hamburg retained the option to purchase Holtby outright for a fee of £6.5 million. Despite breaking his collarbone during the Rückrunde, Holtby made 22 Bundesliga appearances in his debut season for Hamburg and started in both legs of the club's relegation playoff victory over Karlsruher SC.

On 1 July 2015, it was confirmed that Hamburg had exercised their option to make Holtby's loan move permanent for a reported fee of £4.6 million. He scored his first goal for the club on 29 August 2015, netting the opener in a 2–1 loss to Köln, and scored twice more for the season, including one in a 3–1 win over Dortmund in November, as Hamburg improved to end the campaign in tenth position. During the pre-season for the 2016–17 campaign, Holtby was ruled out for eight–ten weeks after breaking his collarbone for a second time when he was involved in a cycling accident in Switzerland. In December, he received his first career red card when he was dismissed for violent conduct after striking Dominik Kohr in a 1–0 win over Augsburg. He subsequently received a two-match suspension for his indiscretions. Holtby made his 300th senior career appearance on 1 April 2017, and marked the occasion by netting an extra-time winner in a 2–1 man of the match performance against Köln. He then recorded two assists in the final two matches of the season to help Hamburg avoid the relegation play-offs once again, with the club beating Wolfsburg on the final day to steer themselves clear of the drop.

At the start of the following season, Holtby made history when he scored the latest goal in the Bundesliga history, netting in the 100th minute of 4–1 win over Köln. He soon found himself on the periphery at Hamburg, however, with manager Markus Gisdol and then Bernd Hollerbach both electing to use him from the bench, or not at all. He returned to the starting line-up following the appointment of Christian Titz and scored five times in the final eight matches of the season against Stuttgart, Schalke, Freiburg, Wolfsburg and Gladbach, between which he also made his 100th league appearance for the club in a 3–0 defeat to Eintracht Frankfurt. His strong performances towards the back of campaign were, however, not enough to prevent Hamburg from suffering relegation from the Bundesliga for the first time in the club's history. He ended as Hamburg's top goalscorer for the season with six goals, despite only playing 16 matches and on 24 May, with his contract set to expire, signed a one-year extension on a significant pay-cut in order to remain with the club.

Holtby then started in the club's first-ever 2. Bundesliga match on 3 August against Holstein Kiel. He was named captain for the match in the absence of the injured Aaron Hunt but was unable to prevent his side suffering a 3–0 defeat. Later that month, he scored his first-ever cup goal for the club when he opened the scoring in a 5–3 DFB Pokal first-round win over TuS Erndtebrück. Towards the end of the season, and following revelations that Holtby's contract with Hamburg would not be renewed, a group of supporters started an online petition, which gained thousands of signatures, in an attempt to convince the club to extend his stay. His contract was ultimately not renewed and he left Hamburg at the end of the season after the club failed to secure promotion.

Blackburn Rovers
Following his release from Hamburg, Holtby continued to train with Rot-Weiss Essen and, on 19 September 2019, he returned to England to sign for Championship side Blackburn Rovers. He made his debut for the club two days later, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 2–1 win over Reading. Exactly one month later he scored his first goal for the club and assisted the other in Blackburn's 2–2 draw with Huddersfield Town. Following the turn of the year he scored twice more as the club recorded its biggest league win since 2001 in a 5–0 victory over Sheffield Wednesday. In February, however, he suffered a lateral ligament injury in his knee in Blackburn's 1–1 draw against Middlesbrough.

Holtby's departure from Rovers was announced at the end of the 2020–21 season.

Holstein Kiel
On 17 August, Holtby joined Holstein Kiel.

International career
The son of Chris Holtby, a former British soldier who was stationed at RAF Rheindahlen in Mönchengladbach, Holtby was eligible to represent England through paternal lineage as well as his native Germany.

Youth
Having previously represented Germany at U18 level, Holtby made his debut for the U19s in September 2008 and earned 12 caps overall. He scored the first of his four international goals for the German U19 team on 11 October 2008, netting in a 5–0 victory over Lithuania. The following year, Germany youth coach Horst Hrubesch named Holtby in his squad for the U20 World Cup in Egypt. Holtby scored two goals at the tournament, one of which was against eventual runners-up Brazil in the quarter-finals. In 2013, he captained Germany at the European Under-21 Championship in Israel and was named as the nation's only representative in the Team of the Tournament.

Senior
While on loan with Bundesliga side Mainz, Holtby caught the attention of national team manager Joachim Löw who named him in the senior squad for the first time for a friendly against Sweden on 17 November 2010. He was named in the starting line-up and played 77 minutes before being replaced by Mainz teammate Schürrle in a 0–0 draw, later receiving the man of the match award for his performance. He made his second appearance the following year, coming on as a late substitute for Thomas Müller in a 3–1 UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying win over Azerbaijan. By appearing in a competitive match for Germany, Holtby precluded himself from representing England in the future in terms of the FIFA eligibility rules.

Personal life
Despite having played for their Premier League rivals Tottenham and Fulham, Holtby is a lifelong Everton fan, an affiliation he developed as a result of his father's support of the club. When Liverpool showed interest in him in 2012, he went on record stating that he wouldn't say no to Liverpool as his dream was to play in the Premier League. He said, "I wouldn't even rule out Liverpool, even if it would be tough for my dad – he's an Everton fan."

Holtby's younger brother, Joshua, is also a footballer, who played for MVV Maastricht in the Eerste Divisie and now plays for Preußen Münster in Germany's Regionalliga West. Like Lewis, he previously trained in the academy of Gladbach.

In 2019, he collaborated with Hamburg-based musicians Elvis & Pape on the release of their album titled, Hurrikan.

Career statistics

Club

International

Honours
Schalke
 DFL-Supercup: 2011

Individual
Gold U19 Fritz Walter Medal: 2009
UEFA European Under-21 Championship Team of the Tournament: 2013

Records
 Latest Bundesliga goal: 100th minute, against 1. FC Köln on 25 August 2017

References

External links

Living people
1990 births
German people of English descent
Germany men's youth international footballers
Germany men's under-21 international footballers
Germany men's international footballers
German men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Alemannia Aachen players
FC Schalke 04 players
VfL Bochum players
1. FSV Mainz 05 players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Fulham F.C. players
Hamburger SV players
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Holstein Kiel players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
Premier League players
English Football League players
German expatriate men's footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in England
Expatriate men's footballers in England
People from Erkelenz
Footballers from Cologne (region)


Château Dubignon, later Château Dubignon-Talbot, later Château Larruau is a wine producer in the appellation of Margaux in the Bordeaux wine region of France. The estate was classified as a Troisième Cru (Third Growth) in the Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855, and was during its time considered the smallest cru of all.

With the phylloxera epidemic, production at Dubignon ceased. Sold by the proprietor Philippe Dubignon to Monsieur Fourcade in the 1870s, it was absorbed into his estate Château Malescot St. Exupéry, and the estate ceased to exist.

When Malescot St. Exupéry changed ownership in 1901, the plot of the Dubignon estate, renamed Dubignon-Talbot was again separated from Malescot St. Exupéry. It was then revived, being allowed admitted to the ranks of Bourgeois supérieurs as an ancien troisième cru, as it was listed in the 1949 edition of Cocks & Féret.

In 1960 Dubignon-Talbot was acquired by a consortium of buyers consisting of Paul Zuger, Pierre Ginestet and Jean Cordier. The small vineyard was divided between Zuger and Ginestet, coming to Zuger's Malescot St. Exupéry and Ginestet's châteaux Margaux and Durfort-Vivens, and Cordier claiming the estate name laid to rest to avoid any confusion with his Château Talbot.

In the 70's, Bernard Chateau acquired the estate. He renamed it Château Larruau, after the part of Margaux where the former Dubignon-Talbot Castle was located.

References

Bordeaux wine producers


E51 may refer to:
 Nokia E51, a Symbian OS smartphone
 HMS E51, a British E class submarine
 European route E51, a road connecting Berlin and Nuremberg in Germany
 Nimzo-Indian Defence, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
 Higashi-Kantō Expressway, route E51 in Japan


KQWC may refer to:

 KQWC-FM, a radio station (95.7 FM) licensed to serve Webster City, Iowa, United States
 KZWC, a radio station (1570 AM) licensed to serve Webster City, Iowa, which held the call sign KQWC from 1971 to 2016


KSIB may refer to:

 KSIB (AM), a radio station (1520 AM) licensed to Creston, Iowa, United States
 KSIB-FM, a radio station (101.3 FM) licensed to Creston, Iowa, United States


Cueva Las Maravillas Airport  is an airport  east of San Pedro de Macorís, capital of the San Pedro de Macorís Province in the Dominican Republic. The airport  was opened on February 7, 2008.

Cueva Las Maravillas Airport has many flights to and from other airports in the Dominican Republic, bringing tourists for Cueva de las Maravillas National Park, which features a popular natural cavern complex.

The La Romana VOR/DME (Ident: LRN) is located  east of the airport.

Airlines and destinations

See also

Transport in Dominican Republic
List of airports in Dominican Republic

References

External links
OpenStreetMap - Cueva Las Maravillas Airport
Bing Maps - Cueva Las Maravillas Airport

Airports in the Dominican Republic
Buildings and structures in San Pedro de Macorís Province


KSMA may refer to:

 KSMA (AM), a radio station (1240 AM) licensed to serve Santa Maria, California, United States
 KSMA-FM, a radio station (98.7 FM) licensed to serve Osage, Iowa, United States
 KTNK, a radio station (1410 AM) licensed to serve Lompoc, California, which held the call sign KSMA from 2009 to 2014


The Ollari language (also known as Pottangi Ollar Gadaba, Ollar Gadaba, Ollaro, Hallari, Allar, Hollar Gadbas) is a Central Dravidian language. A closely related variety is Kondekor (also known as Gadaba, San Gadaba, Gadba, Sano, Kondekar, Kondkor, Konḍekor Gadaba, Mudhili Gadaba). The two have been treated either as dialects, or as separate languages. They are spoken in and around Pottangi, Koraput district, Orissa and in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Sathupati Prasanna Sree has developed a unique script for use with the language.

Phonology

 There are some nasalized vowels with rare occurrence.

References

Sources

Agglutinative languages
Dravidian languages
Languages of India


Stay Young may refer to:

Songs
 "Stay Young", a song by Coloured Stone
 "Stay Young (Gallagher & Lyle song)", a song by Gallagher & Lyle, notably covered by Don Williams in 1983
 "Stay Young (INXS song)", a single by INXS from their 1981 album, Underneath the Colours
 "Stay Young (Oasis song)", the B-side to the 1997 single "D'You Know What I Mean?" by Oasis
 "Stay Young (Strata song)", a single by Strata from their 2007 album, Strata Presents The End of the World
 "Stay Young", a song by Ultrasound from their 1999 album Everything Picture
 "Stay Young", a song by We the Kings from their 2007 album We the Kings

Albums
 Stay Young 1979–1982, a compilation album by INXS released in 2002


KWAY may refer to:

 KWAY (AM), a radio station (1470 AM) licensed to Waverly, Iowa, United States
 KWAY-FM, a radio station (99.3 FM) licensed to Waverly, Iowa, United States
 Greene County Airport (Pennsylvania), in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania (ICAO code KWAY)


Lawrence Lucie (December 18, 1907 – August 14, 2009) was an American jazz guitarist.

Early life
Lucie was born in Emporia, Virginia. When he was eight years old, he was learning mandolin, violin, and banjo. He moved to New York City in 1927 and attended the Brooklyn Conservatory of Music to study banjo. He studied guitar at Paramount Music Studios, and guitar became his primary instrument.

Professional career
Lucie's professional career began as a temporary substitute for Fred Guy in the Duke Ellington Orchestra in 1931. He spent the next two years playing guitar for Benny Carter, followed by Fletcher Henderson, the Mills Blue Rhythm Band, Lucky Millinder, Coleman Hawkins in 1940, and Louis Armstrong until 1944, recording with all of them except Ellington. He can also be found on record with Red Allen, Putney Dandridge, Billie Holiday, Spike Hughes, Jelly Roll Morton, Big Joe Turner, and Teddy Wilson.

Lucie served in the U.S. Army, then became a member of small groups in contrast to his big band years, and worked often as a studio musician. He spent his career as a rhythm guitarist, seldom taking solos until the 1970s, when he founded Toy Records to issue music performed by him and his wife, Nora Lee King. In the 1980s and 1990s he played in concerts with Panama Francis.

For thirty years, he taught at Borough of Manhattan Community College until 2004. He played solo guitar in clubs until he was 99-years-old. In 2009, his death at the age of 101 ended a career that lasted over seventy-five years. He was the last living musician to have recorded with Jelly Roll Morton.

Discography

As leader
 Cool and Warm Guitar (Toy, 1975)
 Sophisticated Lady/After Sundown (Toy, 1977)
 This Is It... The Innovator (Toy, 1978)
 Mixed Emotions (Toy, 1979)
 It Was Good...It is Good (Toy, 1982)

As sideman
 Dollar Brand, African Marketplace (Elektra, 1980)
 Ella Fitzgerald, Newport Jazz Festival Live at Carnegie Hall July 5, 1973 (Columbia, 1973)
 Coleman Hawkins, The Hawk in Flight (RCA Victor, 1955)
 Fletcher Henderson, Swing's the Thing (Decca, 1961)
 Spike Hughes, Spike Hughes and His All American Orchestra (London, 1956)
 Marion Williams, Gospel Now (Cotillion, 1971)

References

External links
 Lawrence "Larry" Lucie papers, 1927–2004 Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, The New York Public Library.

1907 births
2009 deaths
American centenarians
Men centenarians
American jazz guitarists
American session musicians
Guitarists from Virginia
Rhythm guitarists
20th-century American guitarists
Jazz musicians from Virginia
Mills Blue Rhythm Band members
The Chocolate Dandies members


Wharton Esherick Studio, now housing the Wharton Esherick Museum, was the studio of the craftsman-artist Wharton Esherick (1887–1970), in Malvern, Pennsylvania.  The studio was built between 1926 and 1966, reflecting Esherick's evolving sculptural style—from Arts and Crafts, through German Expressionism, ending with the free form Modernist curves that marked his later work.

There are five structures on the site: his home and studio, the 1956 workshop designed with Louis Kahn, the 1928 German Expressionist log garage which now serves as the museum visitor center, his woodshed, and the recently reconstructed German Expressionist outhouse.

The buildings, from their structural forms down to the door handles and light pulls, were designed and built by Wharton Esherick to create a complete artistic environment. The studio is filled with more than 300 of Wharton Esherick's works, including sculpture, furniture and furnishings, paintings and prints.

The Wharton Esherick Museum was incorporated as a non-profit corporation in 1971, it opened for visitors in 1972, and in 1973 was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The studio was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993.

Under the direction of the museum curator, the Wharton Esherick Museum holds an annual Thematic Woodworking Competition and Exhibition as a means to encourage creative thinking, and to encourage the development of new and imaginative designs for items of everyday use.

The Diamond Rock Schoolhouse, which served as Esherick's painting studio during the 1920s, was acquired by the Wharton Esherick Museum in 2019.

References

External links
 Wharton Esherick Museum
 Wharton Esherick House & Studio, 1520 Horsehoe Trail, Malvern, Chester County, PA: 15 photos, 2 color transparencies, 6 data pages, and 2 photo caption pages at Historic American Buildings Survey

Commercial buildings completed in 1926
National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
Wharton Esherick
Wharton Esherick
Historic house museums in Pennsylvania
Artists' studios in the United States
Esherick, Wharton
Louis Kahn buildings
Art museums established in 1972
National Register of Historic Places in Chester County, Pennsylvania
Esherick
Bungalow architecture in Pennsylvania
American Craftsman architecture in Pennsylvania


KAIR may refer to:
 KAIR-FM, a radio station (93.7 FM) licensed to Horton, Kansas
 KAIR (AM), a former radio station (1470 AM) licensed to Atchison, Kansas, United States, which was deleted in 2019
 KFFN, a radio station (1490 AM) licensed to serve Tucson, Arizona, United States, which held the call sign KAIR from 1956 to 1989
 KAir, Kair Battery uses potassium and air (which combust when combined) to power a large-scale battery that costs less to produce and is more efficient than other technologies but doesn't create toxic byproducts.


Arcey (; ) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

Geography
Arcey is located in the northeast of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, about 12 km from Montbéliard, about
 from Belfort, about  from Besançon, and about 25 km from the Swiss border.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Doubs department

References

Communes of Doubs


Salur, Salyr or Salgur (, , ) was an ancient Oghuz Turkic (or Turkoman) tribe and a sub-branch of the Üçok tribal federation.

The medieval Karamanid principality in Anatolia belonged to the Karaman branch of the Salur. The Salghurids of Fars (Atabegs of Fars), were also a dynasty of Salur origin.

The patriarchs of the modern Turkmen tribe of Salyr in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Iran, as well as the Salars of China claim descent from the original Oghuz tribe of Salur.

Etymology

Historian and statesman of the Ilkhanate, Rashid al-Din Hamadani, in his literary work Oghuzname, which is part of his extensive history book Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles), writes that the name Salyr means “wherever you go, you fight with a sword and a club”. The khan of the Khanate of Khiva and simultaneously a historian,  Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur, in his Shajara-i Tarākima (Genealogy of the Turkmens) expresses his belief that the meaning of the tribe's name is “armed with a saber”.

Turkologist Peter B. Golden believes the name comes from Salğur < sal- "to put into motion, violent motion," in Oghuz "to be aggressive, to hurl oneself into attack." Thus, this is a tribal name expressing military power, force and aggression. Such nomenclature may have appeared more in the medieval Turkic environment (e.g. Qiniq), as for personal names.

History

According to various versions of the Oghuz Turkic heroic epos Oghuzname, the Salyr tribe played an important role in the Oghuz Yabgu State up to the middle of the 10th century until the beginning of the Seljuk movement, and many Khans of this State were from the Salyrs. Rashid al-Din Hamadani:

Subsequently, the bulk of the Salyr tribe lived on the territory of Turkmenistan, a significant part of them in the 11th-12th centuries left along with other Oghuz-Turkmen tribes to the west; in Asia Minor they established the Salghurids State centered in Iraq in the 12th century, and supported other Turkmen beyliks in the reconstruction of Anatolia. The Salgurid Dynasty, which ruled in Fars in 1148-1282 and played an important role in the creation of the Sultanate of Rum, belonged to the Salyr tribe. Part of the tribe moved to Crimea, and the Crimean river Salgir, according to some scholars, owes its name to this tribe. In the 14th-16th centuries, the Salyr led the largest military-tribal association of five Turkmen tribes: Salyr, Arsary, Tekke, Yomud and Saryk. This military alliance existed until the waters of the Amu Darya stopped flowing along Uzboy watercourse. The Salyrs of Khorasan were known in the southern Turkmenistan. In the 16th-19th centuries, the Salyr Turkmen tribe lived in Mangyshlak peninsula and the area of Northern Balkan mountains of Turkmenistan, then in the Khiva Khanate, later in the middle reaches of the Amu Darya river, in the Murghab oasis and, finally, in Serakhs - the last place of their final settlement in 1884.

Salur Kazan, one of the heroes in Dede Korkut's epic tales, is also a Salurian. Some Salurs still live in the Middle East and Central Asia.

See also
 Oghuz traditional tribal organization
Chepni, another Üçok tribe.

Notes

References

Salur tribe


Katharine Bouchage Weymouth (born May 28, 1966) is an American lawyer and businesswoman who from 2008 to 2014 was publisher of The Washington Post and chief executive officer of Washington Post Media.

Early life and education
Wetmouth is the daughter of Lally Weymouth and Yann Weymouth. Weymouth grew up on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City, where she attended the Dalton School and the Brearley School. She later attended Harvard College, earning a BA magna cum laude in literature in 1988; her thesis focused on Mark Twain. Next she studied literature for a year at Oxford University. She earned her JD from Stanford Law School in 1992.

Career
While an associate at Williams & Connolly, a prominent law firm in Washington, D.C., Weymouth went to work as an assistant counsel of the Post in 1996. She later became the head of advertising. Weymouth was named publisher of the Post and chief executive officer of Washington Post Media on 7 February 2008, succeeding Boisfeuillet Jones Jr.

Among her first actions as publisher was hiring Marcus Brauchli as executive editor and placing him in charge of both newspaper and the website (the previous editor had not been in charge of the website). The hire from outside the organization "surprised the newsroom. ... Brauchli ... had accepted a large payout and resigned from his previous job, running The Wall Street Journal under its new owner, Rupert Murdoch", as a 2012 Times account put it. The 2012 account outlined signs and reports that more recently her relationship with Brauchli may have "cooled" and noted that Raju Narisetti, whom Brauchli had brought with him from the Journal as a close partner "in the digital reinvention of the newsroom", had left the Post in January. However, the Times also said that "[b]y one important measure, The Post’s efforts are paying off. Recently, it has averaged 19.6 million unique visitors a month, according to comScore, making it the second-most-visited American newspaper Web site, behind that of The New York Times."

Private dinner salon initiative
In July 2009, in the midst of intense debate over health care reform, Politico reported that a health care lobbyist had received an "astonishing" offer of access to the Post's "health care reporting and editorial staff." Weymouth had planned a series of exclusive dinner parties or "salons" at her private residence, to which she had invited prominent lobbyists, trade group members, politicians and business people. The cost of attendance to the parties was up to $250,000 per individual, with the events being closed to the press and the public. Politico'''s revelation sparked controversy in Washington, as it gave the impression the parties' sole purpose was to allow a select group of Washington insiders and business people to purchase face time with Post reporters.

Almost immediately, Weymouth canceled the salons and blamed the entire incident on the marketing department at The Post.Gautham Nagesh (July 2, 2009) "WaPo Salons Sell Access to Lobbyists", The Atlantic The backlash also prompted David G. Bradley, publisher of The Atlantic, to admit that he hosts similar off-the-record discussions at his home and office at the Watergate, and in 2012, looking back on the incident, the Times said that "magazines host similar conferences all the time".

Resignation
On September 2, 2014, it was announced that she would resign as publisher the following month, with the position to be assumed by Politico's founding CEO Fred Ryan.

 After the Post
In 2015, tech startup FiscalNote announced that Weymouth would serve as an adviser to the company. She is now CEO of dineXpert, a company that calls itself a community for independent restaurant owners.

Weymouth endorsed Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton in the run-up to the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

On September 27, 2019, Katharine Weymouth stepped into the role of board chair of the Greater Washington Community Foundation. Her grandmother Katharine Graham had also served on the foundation's board.

Family
Weymouth is a daughter of columnist and publishing heiress Lally Weymouth and the architect Yann R. Weymouth. She is a granddaughter and namesake of long-time Washington Post chairwoman and publisher Katharine Graham. Her mother's family owned the Post'' from 1933, when the bankrupt paper was bought by Weymouth's great-grandfather (Fed chairman Eugene Meyer), until it was sold to Jeff Bezos in 2013.  Weymouth is the fifth member of her family to have held the publisher position.

On her father's side Weymouth is a niece of Tina Weymouth, a former member of the band Talking Heads. Her paternal grandfather is Admiral Ralph Weymouth. One of her paternal ancestors is the Breton writer Anatole Le Braz.

Weymouth married lawyer Richard Alan Scully on July 25, 1998. The couple later divorced. They have three children.

Notes

References

External links

1966 births
Living people
21st-century American businesswomen
21st-century American newspaper publishers (people)
People from the Upper East Side
American people of German-Jewish descent
American women chief executives
Newmark family
The Washington Post publishers
Brearley School alumni
Harvard College alumni
Stanford Law School alumni
Graham family (newspapers)
American people of Breton descent


The Shepherd: Border Patrol (also known simply as The Shepherd) is a 2008 American action film directed by Isaac Florentine. It stars Jean-Claude Van Damme, with a supporting cast of Natalie J. Robb, Stephen Lord, Gary McDonald, Scott Adkins and Van Damme's real life daughter Bianca Van Varenberg. The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on March 4, 2008.

Plot
A former New Orleans cop Jack Robideaux (Jean-Claude Van Damme) arrives with his pet rabbit in Columbus, New Mexico to take a job with the border patrol, and working with Captain Ramona García (Natalie J. Robb).

At the moment, the border patrol is up against a highly dangerous drug smuggling operation, in which the smugglers are funneling illegal immigrants and bricks of heroin through the porous defenses of the Mexico US border. Migrants are randomly outfitted with C4 vests, so any border patrol agent who interferes might get blown up.

As it turns out, the smugglers are a rogue special forces unit led by Benjamin Meyers (Stephen Lord) and his right-hand man Karp (Scott Adkins), who have taken over all of the smuggling operations in the area by killing major drug kingpins Félix Néstor (Daniel Perrone) and Benito Ortiz (Luis Algar).

Jack and his partner Billy Pawnell (Gary McDonald) have their work cut out for them in trying to bring down Meyers and his operation. Myers and his henchmen take over and rig a missionary bus to smuggle drugs, but Jack and Billy pursue them across the border, out of their jurisdiction, where Jack is arrested by the local police, who are working for Meyers.

Once Jack is transferred from a Mexican jail to Meyers's compound, it turns out Billy is working for Meyers, who has also kidnapped Ramona and her uncle Emile (Dan Davies). Meyers kills Emile by throwing him into a pool of water charged by live wires.

It turns out that Jack has a personal reason for going after Meyers, as Meyers's drugs killed Jack's daughter, Kassie (Bianca Van Varenberg) about three months ago. Kassie was 16 years old. Jack's pet rabbit was originally Kassie's rabbit, and he carries it around in memory of Kassie. He also swore on her grave to take down whatever drug operation he could find.

Meanwhile, Jack and Ramona manage to free themselves and kill Billy. Ramona calls for help from Mexican police, and she and Jack start fighting their way through Meyers's men. Ramona goes to find an escape vehicle, but is knocked out in a car crash.

Next, Jack is confronted by Karp, who is a martial arts expert. They fight, and Karp brutally kicks Jack in the head, effectively slowing him down. Jack, however, manages to overpower Karp and beats him to death. Meyers, whose potential investors have abandoned him, confronts Jack and is about to shoot him when Jack throws an explosive collar toward Meyers and detonates it. In the ending scene, Ramona advises Jack to go back to New Orleans with his wife.

Cast

 Jean-Claude Van Damme as Detective Jack Robideaux
 Stephen Lord as Benjamin Meyers
 Natalie J. Robb as Capt. Ramona García
 Gary McDonald as Agent Billy Pawnell
 Daniel Perrone as Félix Néstor
 Scott Adkins as Karp
 Andrée Bernard as Lexxie
 Dan Davies as Emile
 Miles Anderson as Mayor Arthur Pennington
 Luis Algar as Benito Ortiz
 Todd Jenson as Wray
 Ivaylo Geraskov as Gallery
 Velislav Pavlov as The Contact
 Phil McKee as Jed
 Bogdan Plakov as Turgell
 Atanas Srebrev as Deshaun
 Dian Hristov as Stanton
 Bianca Van Varenberg as Kassie Robideaux
 Kaloian Vodenicharov as Jamul al Din

Production

Filming
The Shepherd: Border Patrol was filmed in Bulgaria for 47 days between 6 February and 25 March 2007.

Release

Home media
DVD was released in Region 1 in the United States on March 4, 2008, and also Region 2 in the United Kingdom on 7 July 2008, it was distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.

External links

2008 films
2008 action films
2000s police procedural films
American films about revenge
American action films
American police detective films
Films about drugs
Films directed by Isaac Florentine
Films set in New Mexico
Films shot in Bulgaria
Mexico–United States border
Stage 6 Films films
United States Border Patrol
2000s English-language films
2000s American films


Bonnevaux () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Doubs department

References

Communes of Doubs


Sector Control Point-Baghdad (also known as SCP-B or "skip bee")was being the primary and largest of the Iraq Survey Group's three operational groups. SCP-B, along with the core of the ISG staff, were located on Camp Slayer at the former Al Radwaniyah Presidential Site on Baghdad International Airport in western Baghdad.

From its founding in the spring of 2003 until disbandment at the end of February 2005, SCP-B was commanded by a series of coalition officers from the U.S. Army, U.S. Marines and Australian Army. Its first commander was U.S. Army Reserve Colonel George Waldroup, who led the group from its founding until the summer of 2004. He was later picked by U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld to head the Strategic Support Branch of the Defense Intelligence Agency. Following COL Waldroup, USMC COL Frank Johnson was pulled from retirement and took the reins until October 2004.  COL Johnson was followed by Lt Col Andy Carr, an Australian engineer, who was briefly followed by MAJ Peck (now LTC).  The final commander of SCP-B was Australian Military Police Major Damien Hick.

SCP-B's missions included not only the search for WMD, but work on counter-terrorism and the ongoing investigation into the fate of U.S. Navy Captain Michael Scott Speicher, who was shot down during the Gulf War of 1991. Initially presumed dead, he was later declared missing when evidence emerged after the war that he had survived the crash of his aircraft.

SCP-B was organized into several Mobile Collection Teams, or MCTs, made up of members of American, British and Australian forces, with Americans providing the vast majority. An MCT generally consisted of a commander—usually a major or captain (although MCTs were led by lieutenants and full colonels at times) -- and anywhere from ten to twenty other personnel, depending on mission requirements. The majority of SCP-B personnel were mobilized American National Guard or Army Reserve Soldiers (although the United States Navy, Marines and Air Force, as well several coalition forces, were also well represented) as well as some US Army Special Forces Personnel and a small detachment of active duty soldiers from the 1st Cavalry Division. The other key piece of SCP-B were the U.S. Army Military Police crews assigned to the organization. The Military Police provided convoy and site security for the MCTs as well as secure transport for ISG personnel in their travels around Baghdad.  SCP-B also contained other special units, such as dog handlers (who were mostly civilian contractors), explosives ordnance disposal, ground-penetrating radar teams, satellite communications, and a WMD transportation and storage group.

External links
 Teaser of upcoming documentary film Land of Confusion featuring Pennsylvania Army National Guard Soldiers assigned to the SCP-B in 2004–05.

Defense Intelligence Agency


The National Radical Camp (; ONR) is a radical right-wing and nationalist Polish political organisation following in its activities the organization of the same name that existed before the Second World War in Poland.

The current incarnation revived in 1993 is a far-right movement in Poland much like its historical predecessors. It has often been described as fascist and sometimes as neo-Nazi. As of 2012 it is registered as a common-interest association.

The ONR considers itself an ideological descendant of the 1930s-era National Radical Camp, an ultranationalist, patriotic, and antisemitic political movement which existed in the pre-World War II Second Polish Republic, an illegal Polish anti-communist, and nationalist political party formed on 14 April 1934 mostly by the youth radicals who left the National Party of the National Democracy movement.

Ideology
The modern National Radical Camp, like its predecessors, is fascist. The United Nations Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination considers the organization a fascist group promoting racial and national hatred and has called on Poland to de-legalize it by enforcing its constitutional ban on such groups. In 2021, Poland’s Supreme Court ruled that the National Radical Camp could be called fascist.

The party flag of the organization was included in the police handbook as an explicitly racist symbol and has made usage of the Celtic Cross, an old symbol appropriated by neo-Nazis. The Interior Ministry subsequently pulled the book from circulation after a complaint from MP Adam Andruszkiewicz.

In 2015, an ONR demonstration ended with the burning of an effigy of an ultra-Orthodox Jew. Proceedings were opened for violating laws against "insulting people based on religion, ethnicity, race or nationality".

In 2019, the Lublin-Południe District Prosecutor's Office opened proceedings against ONR for "public propagation of a totalitarian regime" after they published a Tweet celebrating Belgian fascist and SS officer Léon Degrelle.

Marches

Myślenice rallies
ONR attracted publicity in 2005, 2007, 2008 and 2009 for unauthorized marches during the anniversary of the anti-Jewish riot in Myślenice in 1936. In 2005 the group had a couple of hundred members.

An illegal rally held on June 30, 2007 resulted in a court case, in which the ONR leader, Wojciech Mazurkiewicz, was acquitted only because the magistrate warning was issued too late, according to the presiding judge. The 2008 rally led by the same ONR leader was taped by police with the intention of sharing the video with the local prosecutors office according to Lesser Poland Police.

ONR members at a 2008 rally in Myślenice made a Roman salute before disbanding. When questioned by reporters at the scene, the ONR leader claimed it is different from the Nazi salute.

Independence Day marches

The association has also been known as initiators of marches during the National Independence Day of Poland. One of them (in Warsaw), as a co-initiative of several different nationalist movements in 2010, evolved in 2012 into one of the biggest events during the day, which now attracts a more diverse community. Since 2012, it has been organized by a registered association which was founded and is co-chaired by ONR.

On 11 November 2017, 60,000 people marched in an Independence Day celebration procession co-organized by the ONR along with the All-Polish Youth. People from the group "Black Block", which consisted of associations "Niklot" and "Szturmowcy", carried banners that read "White Europe", "Europe Will Be White" and "Clean Blood, Sober mind - sXe. There were also others who were chanting "Death to enemies of the homeland" and "Catholic Poland, not secular". Foreign guests included self-identified Italian fascist Roberto Fiore, Slovak neo-Nazi MP Milan Mazurek, and several members of Hungary's far-right Jobbik party. American white supremacist Richard Spencer planned to speak at the march, but was banned from doing so, with the Ministry announcing in a later statement that Spencer's views were "in conflict with the legal order of Poland". The march was cited in a European Parliament resolution that called for member states to act decisively against far-right extremism.

For the march in 2018, the Italian neo-fascist party Forza Nuova was invited. Far-right activists and groups from Hungary, Estonia, Belarus, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, USA and Portugal joined the event in 2021 and formed the “Nationalistic Column” with Polish far-right organizations and movements, including but not limited to: “Trzecia Droga”, “Szturmowcy”, Autonomiczni Nacjonaliści, All-Polish Youth, National Rebirth of Poland (NOP) and the ONR.

References

Far-right politics in Poland
Polish nationalism
National radicalism
Anti-communism in Poland
Antisemitism in Poland
Right-wing antisemitism
Neo-Nazism in Poland
Organizations that oppose LGBT rights in Poland
1993 establishments in Poland


James Willard McMillen (October 23, 1902 – January 27, 1984) was a professional American football player who played guard for five seasons for the Chicago Bears beginning in 1924. He was born in Grayslake, Illinois.  He attended the University of Illinois where he played football, wrestled, and was a member of Sigma Pi fraternity.  He was a Consensus All-American in 1923, All-Big Ten in 1922 and 1923, as well as team captain.  As a member of Illinois' wrestling team, he only lost one match in three years.

While playing for the Bears, McMillen continued to wrestle on the side.  He even left the Bears for a while because of how much money he was making as a wrestler.  In 1932 he was given the chance to buy stock in the Bears.  This purchase eventually allowed him to become one of the team's vice presidents.  During World War II, he was a Lt. Commander in the United States Navy and assigned to Navy Pier in Chicago.  In 1949 and 1953 he was elected mayor of Antioch, Illinois.

References

1902 births
1984 deaths
American football guards
Chicago Bears executives
Chicago Bears players
Illinois Fighting Illini football players
Illinois Fighting Illini wrestlers
All-American college football players
Mayors of places in Illinois
United States Navy officers
United States Navy personnel of World War II
People from Antioch, Illinois
People from Grayslake, Illinois
People from Libertyville, Illinois
Players of American football from Lake County, Illinois
Military personnel from Illinois


KGGF may refer to:

 KGGF (AM), a radio station (690 AM) licensed to Coffeyville, Kansas, United States
 KGGF-FM, a radio station (104.1 FM) licensed to Fredonia, Kansas, United States


John Percival (27 September 1834 – 3 December 1918) was the first headmaster of Clifton College, where he made his reputation as a great educator. In his 17 years at Clifton numbers rose to 680. He accepted the presidency of Trinity College, Oxford, to recover from his years at Clifton. It was from Trinity that he went to Rugby to become headmaster of Rugby School before becoming Bishop of Hereford.

Early life
Percival was born in Brough Sowerby, near Kirkby Stephen, Westmorland, England, and was brought up on his uncle's farm after the death of his mother when he was very young.  He was educated at Appleby grammar school, before winning a scholarship to The Queen's College, Oxford, in 1854.  He obtained first-class degrees in classics and mathematics and was elected to a fellowship by the college in 1858.  Recuperating from overwork in Pau, France, in the following winter, he met Louisa Holland, whom he married in 1862.

Career in education

Percival was ordained deacon in 1860 and was offered a position as a master at Rugby School by the headmaster, Frederick Temple.  In 1862, Percival was appointed the first headmaster of Clifton College in Bristol, on Temple's recommendation.  Percival made this new school into a leading public school and he was also involved with other educational work in the city, helping to found Clifton High School for Girls (established in 1877). and University College, Bristol (1876).

Percival became President of Trinity College, Oxford, in January 1879.  Although he was not always happy as a college head, he was involved in the wider work of the university, chairing the committee that established Somerville Hall in 1879 and promoting the university's adult education work.

In May 1887, Percival became headmaster of Rugby School, succeeding Thomas Jex-Blake. During his time as headmaster, he pursued a vigorous moral crusade.  His leadership soon improved the prestige of the school.  He attacked "idleness" and "loafing" and, concerned about "impurity", insisted that boys' football shorts should be worn below the knee and secured with elastic.  He acquired the nickname "Percival of the knees" as a result.

In 1888, Percival's appointment of Marie Bethell Beauclerc to teach shorthand to classes of one hundred boys was the first appointment of a female teacher in an English boys' public school and the first time shorthand had been taught in any such school.

Bishop of Hereford
Lord Rosebery, the Prime Minister, nominated Percival to be Bishop of Hereford in January 1895. Whilst Queen Victoria was opposed to the idea, since Percival was known to favour the disestablishment of the Church in Wales, Rosebery prevailed. The Congé d'élire authorising Percival's appointment passed the Great Seal of the Realm on 18 February 1895.

Percival's time in Hereford was affected by the death of his wife in 1896, and he had difficulties in administering the large rural diocese where his radical political views were often unpopular. Graham Neville characterises him as a 'Low-church Political Liberal'.; in 1901 he publicly criticised the conditions and loss of life in the Concentration Camps of the Second Boer War. He attracted criticism (including an excommunication by Frank Weston, the bishop of Zanzibar) when he invited nonconformists to take holy communion at Hereford Cathedral to mark the coronation of George V. He had more success on a national level, elected as the President of the Educational Science section of the British Association, and championed the cause of adult education in particular – he chaired the first meeting of the Workers' Educational Association in 1903. He was elected an honorary fellow of Queen's College, Oxford in late 1902.

Percival hoped for the Archbishopric of York; indeed felt that it had been promised him, but was disappointed when Cosmo Gordon Lang was given the post in 1909.

Bishops at that time were not only lords but addressed as ‘My Lord Bishop’ and lived in accommodation like the Bishop’s Palace in Hereford. The 1901 Census of England and Wales shows Percival resident in the Palace with his wife, a chaplain and 9 servants.

Percival had been a leading figure in the Church of England Peace League so that when the First World War opened in August, 1914, he was cautious, unlike most of his contemporary bishops, about giving his backing to the War. However, the German attack on Belgium and the ‘Belgian atrocities’ made him commit fully to supporting the British war effort. He wrote, seeking prayers throughout the diocese, ‘.... for the victory of our sailors and soldiers who are so bravely giving their lives in this terrible conflict, to the cause of righteousness and freedom, and to win for the various nations of Europe in the years to come, the blessings of enduring peace and Christian brotherhood.’   Percival would lose a son to the War as a result of shelling in November, 1914.

Percival was the godfather of William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury 1942-4. Temple wrote Percival’s biography.

Death and burial
Percival retired to Oxford in 1917 and died the following year. He was buried in the chapel crypt of Clifton College.

Marriage and children

In 1862 he married Louisa Holland, by whom he had eight children, six of whom survived to adulthood, including:
Launcelot Jefferson Percival, an international rugby player and later Deputy Clerk of the Closet (Domestic Chaplain to the Sovereign) to King George VI.

Lt-Col. Arthur Jex-Blake Percival (1871–1914), Northumberland Fusiliers, youngest son, killed in action during WWI on 31 October 1914 when the Château de Hooge, at Ypres, joint divisional headquarters of the 1st Division and 2nd Division, in which he was serving as General Staff Officer to Major General Monro, Commander of the 2nd Division and later of the 1st Army Corps, was shelled by German forces. His obituary included the following:

His first wife Louisa died in 1896, and in 1898/9 he married his second wife, Miss Mary Georgina Symonds.

See also
 Percival Guildhouse - adult education centre in Rugby named after him.

References

 Derek Winterbottom, John Percival: the Great Educator (Bristol Historical Association pamphlet, no. 81, 1993)

External links

1834 births
1918 deaths
People from Kirkby Stephen
Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford
Fellows of The Queen's College, Oxford
Fellows of Trinity College, Oxford
Presidents of Trinity College, Oxford
Schoolteachers from Cumbria
Bishops of Hereford
Head Masters of Rugby School
Headmasters of Clifton College
19th-century Church of England bishops
20th-century Church of England bishops
People educated at Appleby Grammar School
People associated with Somerville College, Oxford


Bulle () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

Population

See also
 Communes of the Doubs department

References

Communes of Doubs


KKAN may refer to:

 KKAN (AM), a radio station (1490 AM) licensed to serve Phillipsburg, Kansas, United States
 KKAN-FM, a defunct radio station (95.3 FM) formerly licensed to serve Phillipsburg, Kansas


KLKC may refer to:

 KLKC (AM), a radio station (1540 AM) licensed to Parsons, Kansas, United States
 KLKC-FM, a radio station (93.5 FM) licensed to Parsons, Kansas, United States


The Pioneer Mountains are a mountain range in the U.S. state of Idaho, spanning Blaine, Butte and Custer counties. The range is bounded on the west by the Big Wood River, Trail Creek and Summit Creek, and the North Fork Big Lost River, on the north and east by the East Fork Big Lost River, Left Fork Cherry Creek, Cherry Creek, Dry Fork Creek, Saint Louis Canyon, and Champagne Creek, and on the south by the Snake River Plain.  The mountains are located within Sawtooth and Challis National Forests.

The Pioneer Mountains range was named for the pioneer settlers of the region; many of the individual mountains within the range also bear the name of these pioneers.

Peaks of the Pioneer Mountains

Climate
The Stickney Mill SNOTEL is by the Trail Creek Road, which is on the northern edge of the range.

References

External links

 Hyndman Peak Trip Report

Ranges of the Rocky Mountains
Mountain ranges of Idaho
Landforms of Blaine County, Idaho
Landforms of Butte County, Idaho
Landforms of Custer County, Idaho
Salmon-Challis National Forest
Sawtooth National Forest
Tourist attractions in Blaine County, Idaho
Tourist attractions in Butte County, Idaho
Tourist attractions in Custer County, Idaho


KQNK may refer to:

 KQNK (AM), a radio station (1530 AM) licensed to Norton, Kansas, United States
 KQNK-FM, a radio station (106.7 FM) licensed to Norton, Kansas, United States


KSAL may refer to:

 KSAL (AM), a radio station (1150 AM) licensed to Salina, Kansas, United States
 KSAL-FM, a radio station (104.9 FM) licensed to Salina, Kansas, United States


KSCB may refer to:

 KSCB (AM), a radio station (1270 AM) licensed to Liberal, Kansas, United States
 KSCB-FM, a radio station (107.5 FM) licensed to Liberal, Kansas, United States
 K53EG, a television station (channel 53) licensed to Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States, also known as KSCB-TV
 Scribner State Airport (ICAO code KSCB)


KSOK may refer to:

 KSOK (AM), a radio station (1280 AM) licensed to Arkansas City, Kansas, United States
 KSOK-FM, a radio station (95.9 FM) licensed to Winfield, Kansas


On January 21, 2008, Petrobras announced the discovery of the Júpiter Field, a huge natural gas and condensate (very light oil) field which could equal the Tupi oil field in size (5-8 billion BOE). It is located in the Santos Basin,  east of Tupi,  below the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean in a water depth of ,  from Rio de Janeiro.

Description
The main reservoir of Júpiter is the pre-salt Guaratiba Group. The field is estimated to contain  of oil and  of gas.

See also

 Campos Basin
 Iara oil field
 Iracema oil field
 Tupi oil field

References

Bibliography

Oil fields of Brazil
Santos Basin
Petrobras oil and gas fields
Galp Energia


Chay may refer to:

Places
 Chay, Doubs, a commune in eastern France
 Chay, Russia, a rural locality () in Vilyuysky District, Sakha Republic, Russia

People
 Chay (given name)
 Chay Weng Yew (1928–2004), Singaporean weightlifter
 Jean-Yves Chay (born 1948), French football manager
 Chay Wai Chuen (born 1950), Singaporean politician
 Chay Yew (born 1965), American playwright
 Mark Chay (born 1982), Singaporean swimmer
 Chesster Chay (born 1989), Filipino actor
 Chay (footballer) (Chayene Medeiros Oliveira Santos; born 1990), Brazilian footballer

Other uses
 CHAY-FM, a Canadian radio station based in Ontario
 Chay, a name for tea in several languages
 Chay, an alternative name for chaise
 Chay root (Oldenlandia umbellata), used as a source of red pigment

See also
 Chai (disambiguation)
 Chaya (disambiguation)


KVGB may refer to:

 KVGB (AM), a radio station (1590 AM) licensed to Great Bend, Kansas, United States
 KVGB-FM, a radio station (104.3 FM) licensed to Great Bend, Kansas, United States


KVOE may refer to:

 KVOE (AM), a radio station (1400 AM) licensed to Emporia, Kansas, United States
 KVOE-FM, a radio station (101.7 FM) licensed to Emporia, Kansas


Competitive heterogeneity is a concept from strategic management that examines why industries do not converge on one best way of doing things.  In the view of strategic management scholars, the microeconomics of production and competition combine to predict that industries will be composed of identical firms offering identical products at identical prices.  Deeper analyses of this topic were taken up in industrial organization economics by crossover economics/strategic-management scholars such as Harold Demsetz and Michael Porter.   Demsetz argued that better-managed firms would make better products (or similar products at lower costs) than their competitors.  Such firms would translate better products or lower prices (an optimal decision based on lower costs) into higher levels of demand, which would lead to revenue growth.  These firms would then be larger than the more poorly managed competitors.

Porter argued that firms in an industry would cluster into strategic groups.  Each group would be similar and movement between groups would be difficult and costly (barriers to mobility). Richard Rumelt and Stephen Lippman demonstrated how firms could differ in an industry in partial equilibrium-like circumstances.  Richard Nelson and Sidney G. Winter discussed how firms develop differing capabilities.  During this time, industrial economics focused on industry characteristics, treated the differences among firms in an industry as trivial.  This was a point of contention within strategy and between strategy and economics from about 1980 to the mid-1990s.

Early in the 1990s a number of papers were published under the rubrics of the Resource-based View and Capabilities.  Both approaches continue to develop. However, the RBV won the public relations war (complete with, allegedly, removing dissenting opinions from Wikipedia).  The RBV argues that firms vary in their resources and resource variances lead to varying competitive positions.  Capability theories, building on earlier work by Nelson and Winter and Teece, make a similar claim.

Developing ideas pioneered by Rumelt and discussed by Levinthal and Noda and Collis.  Hoopes, Madsen, and Walker use the term competitive heterogeneity to describe the performance differences between close competitors.  Hoopes et al. argue that the RBV is but one of many possible explanations for competitive heterogeneity.  Thus, the title of their paper and special issue, "Why is there a RBV?"  In addition to economics-based explanations noted above, Hoopes et al. point out that differing beliefs, preferences, and objectives lead firms pursuing similar customers to find and develop unique competitive positions.

Additionally, Hoopes et al. suggest that competitive advantage should be thought of in terms of each firm's economic contribution.  Termed the V-C model, it is basically a bargaining model (see Tirole) over the surplus created by a firm's activities. A buyer and supplier bargain over the price (P) for a good that contributes a value (V) to the buyer and costs the supplier some amount (C) to produce. "Value is the price a buyer is willing to pay for a good absent competing products or services yet within  budget constraints and considering other purchasing opportunities. Most work considers costs in terms of marginal cost. The good’s market price lies between value and cost.  So, the buyer receives a surplus of value minus the price (V-P), and the supplier receives a profit of price minus cost (P-C). The supplier’s resources and capabilities, in turn, influence the value of the good to the buyer and/or the cost of producing it." Also see Besanko, Dranove & Shanley,; Ghemawat,; Walker; see also Postrel.  Under this theory, competitive advantage is deemed to be possessed by the firm who implements largest difference between value and cost when compared to rivals. This bargaining model has been further developed extensively in Johnson's account of economic opportunity rents underpinning heterogeneous competition.

In summary, a theory of competitive heterogeneity seeks to explain why firms do not converge on a single best way of doing things as predicted by simple microeconomics.  The RBV contains one approach.  In recent years capability theories have expanded RBV logic.  Recently, more work that focuses on heterogeneity has been published in strategy journals.

References

Besanko, D., D. Dranove and M. Shanley 1999. Economics of Strategy (2nd edition). MA: John Wiley & Sons.
Demsetz, H. 1973, "Industry Structure, Market Rivalry and Public Policy," Journal of Law and Economics.
Demsetz, H. "Two systems of belief about monopoly," in H. Goldschmid, et al., eds., Industrial Concentration: The New Learning, Boston: Little Brown, 1974; (also chapter 7 in,  Demsetz, Harold. Efficiency, Competition, and Policy. Cambridge MA: Basil Blackwell, 1989.)
Ghemawat, P. 1991. Commitment: The Dynamic of Strategy. New York: Free Press.
Hoopes, D.G.; Madsen, T.L.; Walker, G. (2003) Guest Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue: Why is There a Resource-Based View? Toward a Theory of Competitive Heterogeneity. Strategic Management Journal; 24, pp. 889–902.
Levinthal, Daniel A. 1995. "Strategic Management and the Exploration of Diversity." In:Resource-Based and Evolutionary Theories of the Firm: Towards a Synthesis. Montgomery, Cynthia A. (ed.) Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Nelson, R. and S. Winter. 1982. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge, MA:  Harvard University Press.
Noda, T. & D. J. Collis The Evolution of Intraindustry Firm Heterogeneity: Insights from a Process Study (in Special Research Forum: Change and Development Journeys into a Pluralistic World)  The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 44, No. 4. (Aug., 2001), pp. 897–925.
Peteraf, M. A. (1993), "The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource-based view". Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 179–191
Postrel, S. 2002, Islands of shared knowledge: Specialization and mutual understanding in problem-solving teams", Organization Science, 13 (3): 303-320.
Porter, M. (1980) Competitive Strategy, Free Press, New York, 1980.
Rumelt, R. P. 1984. "Towards a Strategic Theory of the Firm." In R. B. Lamb (ed.), Competitive Strategic Management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, pp. 556–570.
Rumelt, R. P. (1991), "How much does industry matter?". Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 167–185
Teece, D. J. 1982. "Towards an Economic Theory of the Multiproduct firm." Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. 3: 39-64.
Teece, D. J., G. Pisano, and A. Shuen 1994. "Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management." Strategic Management Journal.
Tirole, J. 1988. The Theory of Industrial Organization. Cambridge:  MIT Press.
Walker, G. 2004. Modern Competitive Strategy (2004), McGraw-Hill.

Marketing strategy
Business terms
Strategic management


KVSV may refer to:

 KVSV (AM), a radio station (1190 AM) licensed to Beloit, Kansas, United States
 KVSV-FM, a radio station (105.5 FM) licensed to Beloit, Kansas, United States