Men of War (, or Behind Enemy Lines 2: Desert Fox) is a 2008 real-time tactics video game expansion for the sequel to Soldiers: Heroes of World War II - "Faces of War" developed by Ukrainian company Best Way. Players issue orders to and/or take direct control of soldiers on a simulation-driven battlefield.

The game takes place during World War II and its single-player campaign features battles set in Europe, the Soviet Union, Greece, and North Africa across three different campaigns for the Allies, Germans and Soviets. Japan was introduced as a multiplayer faction in a later patch.

Features
Men of War is a real-time tactics game in which players complete military objectives. It focuses entirely on military tactics and special operations and does not feature base building, research, or resource gathering. Unit recruitment features in multiplayer, but is rarely enabled in single-player.

Simulation
The game's most notable feature is its simulation-driven world. Examples include:

 Each soldier and vehicle has an inventory which holds weapons and a finite amount of ammunition and supplies
 Items can be picked up from the ground or traded
 Each vehicle and emplacement is operated by soldiers who can enter and leave it at will
 Each vehicle has components that can be damaged and repaired instead of an abstract health value
 Line of sight is calculated accurately
 Buildings have fully modelled interiors that soldiers can freely navigate
 Bullets and shells are blocked by solid objects
 Nearly anything can be destroyed, and destruction is physically simulated with solid debris
 Fire spreads

These rules lead to gameplay that has been described as "organic...where others are artificial" and praised for generating "stories as distinct as they are dramatic", but criticised for at times demanding intense micromanagement. Perhaps in recognition of this, players can change the speed at which time passes.

Direct Control
Men of War allows a player to directly control any soldier or manned vehicle/gun that he owns. Movement is controlled with four directional keys and a stance toggle, while the unit aims/faces toward the on-screen mouse cursor and fires when the player clicks his mouse button.

"Direct Control" can be used to perform advanced actions such as targeting individual vehicle components, navigating precisely around cover, and cooking a grenade. It has also been described as "dissolving the emotional distance between player and unit".

Campaign
The single-player portions of Men of War comprise 19 missions spread across Soviet, German, and Allied campaigns and a "bonus" campaign of offcuts. The game focuses on some of the less-known battles of World War II and does not feature famous battles like the Invasion of Normandy or Battle of Stalingrad.

Soviet Campaign
The Soviet campaign spans the early battles of the Eastern Front, through to the start of the Soviet counter-offensive. The campaign begins with the Battle of Rostov and ends after the Battle of Seelow Heights, with an epilogue showing Berlin days after its capture. The Player is represented by Alexey Kuznetsov (who also plays a role in Men of War: Red Tide) and Victor Smirnov.
Shortly after Operation Barbarossa, Alexey Kuznetsov and Victor Smirnov are enlisted into the Red Army. However, during their travel to Rostov they are suddenly attacked by Stuka dive-bombers. Their column is destroyed and they are forced to continue on foot. After an encounter with an armoured car, they get to the H.Q of a local defending zone. The Commander allows them to take some soldiers with them to advance into the village, captured by the Germans. They find an empty disabled KV-1 heavy tank which they repair. They use the tank in their assault on the village and ravage the Germans in the village. Later, the team is given the objective of taking a strategic hill in the area. They do, but they notice a column of tanks advancing on their position, using the tank, they destroy it and are given the  order to retreat. Days later, Alexey and Victor arrive at the Rostelmash factory, where the Soviets are evacuating civilians and any machinery they can transport. The two are put in command of defences at the offices, boilers and storages. They are given just enough time to turn it into a fortress, with anti-tank guns, sandbags and mines. However, the German assault is just as strong, stomping through quite quickly. When the train is fully supplied, the Soviets board and evacuate, narrowly evading the German forces. Victor gets away, but when Alexey tries to catch up, he is knocked out in an explosion. When he regains consciousness, he is captured by Germans. Alexey is sent to a village where a recruitment camp is being set up. The SS interrogate him, but a partisan group attacks the village, allowing him to escape. Alexey gets to the partisans, and they inform him of a German H.Q. in the village. Fighting their way through the village and freeing several more POWs along the way, they manage to capture the H.Q. There, Alexey finds documents containing valuable info on German intelligence networks in the Soviet Union. German reinforcements close in, forcing the partisans to retreat. They then hold their ground to give Alexey and his group enough time to get away.

Meanwhile, Victor Smirnov is in Moscow. He is sent to a nearly completed defence line . Receiving reports of German forces nearby, he is forced to hold out with a chain of dugouts and foxholes. Repelling German attacks and even a flanking attack on the nearby dam, the light defences look ready to collapse. Fortunately, Smirnov is given the order to retreat, as the main line of defence is completed. Facing a fully manned enemy force, the German force fails to break through and falls back.

Alexey Kuznetsov finally gets back to Soviet territory, but is captured by the NKVD. They suspect him of being a deserter, and refuse to believe his documents, instead sending him to a penal unit. Near Rezhev, Alexey leads a charge to capture a strategic hill. Despite most of the unit being killed by mines, machine guns or blocking detachments, they capture the hill, later defending it from a counterattack. Proving his loyalty, Alexey is reinstated to his regular unit.

German Campaign
The German campaign takes place in the North Africa theatre and follows a young, ambitious commander called Gunther Borg who fights as a paratrooper in Operation Mercury (Battle of Crete) before being redeployed after temporary leave to join the Afrika Korps in Libya (Tobruk) and Tunisia.
After training for the operation, German paratroopers under the command of general Gunther Borg land in Maleme, Crete. Three soldiers (Ulf Liechtman, Wurzen Knopf and Max Luderer) end up on the beach and stock up on supplies from a weapons crate dropped nearby. The trio later rescue the rest of their squad that was captured, as well as regroup with other paratroopers. As the battle continues, a large convoy passes by, threatening the entire attack.
Using captured guns and vehicles, the paratroopers manage to destroy the convoy, saving the assault. Receiving reinforcements, the Germans push their way to Maleme airfield, facing British Matilda II tanks and AA guns along the way.
Despite fierce resistance, Borg manages to capture the control tower of the airfield, allowing German Ju 52 transport planes to land. However hidden AA guns open fire on the first aircraft to arrive, destroying it. To prevent further incidents like this, Borg orders a charge on the other side of the airfield and despite high casualties, succeeds. With the airfield taken, reinforcements flood in, leading to the eventual capture of Crete. Gunther Borg is allowed to go on leave following Operation Mercury. Later, he is called up to command the 11th Panzer Division in North Africa. Not long after, the British launch Operation Crusader. At Sidi Rezegh, Borg, assisted by fellow commander Vinzenz Kaiser, are warned of a large British tank assault. At first, the defence goes quite well, with German 88mm guns decimating weak British Crusader tanks. The Germans even manage to destroy an artillery battery harassing them. However, with defence lines falling apart, Erwin Rommel orders them to fall back and regroup with his division.
However, he is stalled by New Zealand troops and Borg ends up having to hold out on open ground. With the support of the Luftwaffe, he holds out until Rommel's troops arrive. Following the events at Sidi Rezegh, Erwin Rommel places Borg in command of the assault on Tobruk. German troops cross the tank ditch and destroy tank traps on the road so panzers can advance. Borg forces his way through the city, despite heavy losses on both sides. Once they reach the coast, assistant commander Paul Weiss suggests placing artillery there to hit transport ships attempting to resupply the defenders. His idea works as the British attempt an amphibious landing to counterattack. The Germans stop the attack and destroy a large convoy of supply ships. Borg then assaults an isolated fort inside the city, completely surrounded by the Germans. They capture it and prepare for the assault on the second line of walls. However, a German soldier discovers a secret tunnel in the fort leading to the inner city. Borg orders five soldiers to go have a look around. As they go, a Stuka dive-bomber accidentally destroys the tunnel, leaving them trapped. Knowing that Borg will soon break through and that almost every soldier is at the walls, the squad attacks the large fuel depot. They secure it and disable detonators placed by the British in case of a defeat. Using what they can, the squad holds out until advance units of Germans arrive. Tobruk is finally taken, and Rommel (subsequently Borg) receive promotions. However, desperate to conserve his forces, Rommel retreats deep into Libya. Borg, commander of the 11th Panzer Division, encounters a partly dried river. A small squad is sent up and encounters a patrol which they quickly dispose of. Continuing, they find anti tank mines, and a small settlement guarded by American troops. They raid it and kill the enemy as well as a radioman who attempts to call for reinforcements. In the settlement, the squad finds a mine detector which they use to clear the mined road, allowing trucks under Max Luderer (now a commander) to advance. However, Allies troops begin attacking from both sides in an attempt to cut the Germans off. Holding them off, Borg calls for air support. The dive bombers not only obliterate the enemy, but also cause a rockslide, covering the pass. This forces Luderer to use the second pass. Borg successfully protects the convoys and it escapes with minimal casualties. Borg finally arrives in Tunis, where Rommel is evacuating the Afrika Korps. Borg now prepares to defend with what he has left. An Italian destroyer is in the bay, giving him naval artillery support. As the battle rages on, the Germans receive reports that the British have brought up rocket artillery to destroy the ship. A squad is sent behind enemy lines to destroy the battery. Just as it prepares to fire they manage to kill the commander and stop it. Securing the rockets, they use it against the Allies, bombarding their positions. Meanwhile, the Germans have been pushed back to their final defence line. As they desperately hold the line, their destroyer is sunk by air strikes. They finally receive the order to fall back and Borg escapes on a submarine. Despite almost the entire rearguard killed or captured, they gave valuable time for the Afrika Korps to escape to Italy. Gunther Borg states that he has not abandoned Africa and that soon, he'll be back.

Allied Campaign
The Allied campaign also takes place in North Africa and follows an elite American squad under the command of Terry Palmer (a former anti-war journalist) and a Cpl. Robinson during Operation Torch as they fight alongside the British 7th Armoured Division (the "Desert Rats"), other American soldiers, and Henri d'Astier's French Resistance.

In the beginning of the campaign in the 'Arsenal' mission, a group of four commandos including Palmer and Robinson head into an unnamed town in Northern Algeria. In the cover of night, the squad sneaks their way through the town to a tower where they meet a French Resistance contact. The commandos then move to take out the German town garrison and capture the military supply base nearby. After taking the military base, the group is joined by armed civilians in the defense of the captured base. The squad, supported by the French Resistance, then holds off waves of German troops and vehicles. Meanwhile, the French Resistance loads up a truck with supplies for the commandos to leave in. The group takes some resistance members with them, and may also tow a gun with them

In the next mission, called 'Armistice', the commandos arrive outside the residence of Admiral Francois Darlan in Algiers. They are tasked with capturing and negotiating a deal with the Admiral, in order to prevent the Vichy French forces in Algeria from disrupting the Operation Torch invasion. The commandos and the French Resistance break into the residence, taking out the garrison either stealthily or noisy. After blocking escape for Darlan, they set up defenses with the help of French Resistance reinforcements. The group then holds off attacks on the residence. The contract is eventually signed by Darlan, and the mission ends.

Time skips ahead a little bit for the next mission, 'Meeting the Enemy'. Operation Torch has worked successfully as planned, and now Allied troops prepare for the Tunisia Campaign. Palmer and Robinson reluctantly leave their new French friends to prepare for a new mission. They stumble upon a newly built Luftwaffe airfield during a sandstorm. The commandos first infiltrate a town and take out the garrison in the cover of the dust. The sandstorm subsides as an American troop column arrives at the town, fortifying it. Without the cover of the storm, the whole company cannot assault the airfield in fear of revealing their positions to German planes. The commandos are once again sent into the impossible. They infiltrate the air base and take out nearly the whole garrison before the German troops retreat. The American troops rush ahead and capture the air base, helping to kill any stragglers, ending the mission.

The next mission, called 'Disaster in Tunisia', involves the squad yet again, this time fighting in an armored car fit with a machine gun-bazooka turret. By this time, the Allies have been stricken with loss as the seasons change with delays in the advance into North Africa. This has given time for Rommel and his Afrika Korps to attack and defeat Allied forces in Tunisia. The goal is to reach a major military outpost to warn the garrison of an imminent attack on the area by the Afrika Korps. The group swerves through Sbeitla, surprising the German garrison. They attack and defeat the initial defense, however they are forced to stop to retrieve fuel from the area they just attacked as a result of a breakdown in the fuel pipe. While Corporal Robinson repairs the fuel pipe, Palmer and two other commandos attack the remaining garrison and retrieve fuel, which they take back to the truck to move on. The squad continues, swerving and fighting through the sands until they break down again in a small outpost. While Robinson repairs the truck, the group uses mounted machine guns and an anti tank gun to defend the position from German attacks. After fending off multiple troop waves and a few armored vehicles, the group continues in the armored car.  The group continues and is halted once again at a roadblock, which must be blown up by the engineer. The group defends the area from more attacks, and then continues once the roadblock is removed. The next area finds the group interrupted by an anti tank gun stationed on a hill. The group moves out to disable the gun and its crew so they can safely continue. After the objective is completed, they continue down a narrow African street where they are assaulted in close quarters combat. After safely making it through the street, they arrive at the final location, where yet another roadblock is present in the form of a debris pile. The group holds off waves of German troops while the engineer, Robinson, creates three dynamite charges. After planting the three, they blow up the roadblock and continue onto the next mission.

In the finale of the Allied Campaign, the group arrives at the American base during the night in the mission 'Turning Point'. The group warns the commander of the base about the imminent German attack. The base is full of various British and American armaments, such as tanks and guns. The garrison, however, is undermanned and pressured for time to prepare. Only a few of the armaments are able to be used in the initial defense, however the Allied troops manage to hold off the initial wave of attackers with somewhat heavy losses of their own in a bloody, action filled battle. After holding off various waves of attackers, the Allies receive some reinforcements which are quickly put to use. More waves of attackers arrive, including heavy armored Tiger tanks. After holding off another group of attackers, the defense uses the time to repair damaged vehicles or replace destroyed vehicles with new ones, possibly even making use of captured superior Tiger tanks. The battle continues, with another large group of German attackers coming in multiple waves.  After the final defense concludes, the Allies reorganize and regroup to prepare for an assault on the remaining German troops, who have fallen back and taken up their own defense. Using repaired, captured or left over vehicles, the Allies go forward and attack the German defense with use of strategy and tactics to overcome the numerically superior German's. Once the assault concludes with an Allied victory, the campaign ends with success.

Bonus
The bonus missions are a collection of challenging scenarios with no particular continuity. They include battles such as the Battle Of Vernon.

Campaign missions typically give the player a predetermined set of troops and pit them against overwhelming odds on large battlefields. They range from infiltration's with four or fewer soldiers at the player's command to all-out battles with hundreds of troops and tons of vehicles, sometimes within the same mission. AI units are typically docile until attacked, allowing players time to form plans and eliminate enemy troops in small chunks.

Multiplayer

Men of War includes 16-player internet and LAN multiplayer across six game modes. Multiplayer games retain most simulation features and Direct Control, and add unit recruitment and capture points. All armies from the campaign can be selected (USA, Commonwealth, German, Soviet), and the Japanese Army was added after release.

Game modes are:

 Battlezones
 Players fight for control of three flags.
 Combat
 A simple deathmatch mode.
 Frontlines
 An attack/defend mode in which one player must capture the other's territory.
 Cooperative
 All campaign missions can be played cooperatively.
 Victory Flag
 Similar to Battlezones, but with only one flag.
 Valuable Cargo
 Players search the map for randomly spawned cargo and carry it back to their base.

The game features a skill ranking system for online play.

Development
Development on Men of War began in 2006 with the intention to create a polished successor to Faces of War. Ukrainian series developer Best Way led development with assistance from Digitalmindsoft, a new German studio formed with Best Way's assistance by Faces of War modder Chris Kramer. Digitalmindsoft were to provide "Western soul" to the game; Kramer described this as "combining the new ideas and innovations [of eastern European countries] with great in-game atmosphere and smooth gameplay [of Western studios]".

The game was developed by a team of 30 at Best Way and 15 at Digitalmindsoft. Best Way developed the game's engine and core simulation systems, while Digitalmindsoft provided mission/world design, visuals, and audio and organised a large beta test.

Reception

Men of War has received generally favorable reviews, garnering a Metacritic score of 80 out of 100.

 Eurogamer praised the game for generating "stories as distinct as they are dramatic" and compared it favorably to Company of Heroes, but criticized its "faintly disappointing" stealth missions.
 GameSpot described Direct Control as "well-crafted" but criticized the game's graphics and "pathetic English-language voice acting".
 IGN criticized the game's "aggravating" pathfinding and "tedious" micromanagement, but still concluded that it was a "revelation...like watching all your favorite war movies play out in front of your eyes".
 Rock, Paper, Shotgun called the game "spectacular" and "organic...where others are artificial", but criticized its "disastrous" voice acting, "tedious and pointless" cut-scenes, and occasionally "brutal" difficulty.

Sequels
Five standalone 'expansions' were released for Men of War: Red Tide, Assault Squad, Vietnam, Condemned Heroes, Assault Squad 2 and Assault Squad 2: Men of War Origins.

Men of War: Red Tide contains multiple campaigns based on the World War II feats of the Soviet Naval Infantry of the Black Sea Fleet, and has the largest number of missions in the series. It also is the only game to feature Italy and Romania as factions, although they are only playable through the editor.

Men of War: Assault Squad is the first predominantly multiplayer based game of the series, however it is also known for its large array of single player skirmish missions.

Men of War: Vietnam is about the Vietnam War, with two short campaigns featuring North Vietnamese and Soviet commandos, and American commandos respectively.

Men of War: Condemned Heroes features the Soviet penal battalions of World War II. The missions are particularly brutal.

Men of War: Assault Squad 2 is a remaster of the original Assault Squad game. Improvements include enhanced graphics, more skirmish missions, more multiplayer features, enhanced Steam integration and full Workshop modding integration. The game is, like its predecessor, based mainly on multiplayer. Two expansions were released: Airborne and Iron Fist.

Assault Squad 2: Men of War Origins is a remaster of Men of War based on the Assault Squad 2 engine. Some of the enhanced models and content are included in a free update for Assault Squad 2.

Men of War 2 has been informally announced by series producer Sergey Gerasev.

On 17 December 2012, Digitalmindsoft announced a new game called Call to Arms on their website calling it "The true successor to the Men of War series".

Call to Arms is set in a conflict between the United States Army and the fictional Global Revolutionary Movement in the modern era. A DLC for Call to Arms named Gates of Hell developed by Barbed Wire Studios is currently available in Steam Early Access program.

In August 2016, Digitalmindsoft and 1C Company announced a full modern remake of the original Men of War called Assault Squad 2: Men of War Origins.

The original makers of Soldiers: Heroes of World War II, Faces of War, and Men of War released Men of War II: Arena, based on a heavily improved GEM engine. The servers were shut down in September 2021, as development shifted to a full-feature sequel of the original Men of War.

Best Way published Battle of Empires: 1914-1918 by Great War Team, an independently-made GEM engine game.

References

External links
Official website

2008 video games
1C Company games
505 Games games
Best Way games
Cooperative video games
Digitalmindsoft games
Real-time tactics video games
Video games developed in Germany
Video games developed in Ukraine
Video games set in Algeria
Video games set in Germany
Video games set in Greece
Video games set in Libya
Video games set in the Soviet Union
Video games set in Tunisia
Video games with expansion packs
Windows games
Windows-only games
World War II video games


The Dragon's Net is a 1920 action film serial directed by Henry MacRae. It was adapted from J. Allan Dunn's "The Petals of Lao-Tze," from the December 18, 1917 issue of Adventure. Many scenes were shot in the Far East and Hawaii. The film is considered to be lost.

Cast
 Marie Walcamp as Marie Carlton
 Harland Tucker as Harlan Keeler (credited as Harlan Tucker)
 Otto Lederer as King Carson
 Wadsworth Harris as Doctor Redding

Chapter titles
The Mysterious Murder
Thrown Overboard
A Watery Grave
Into the Chasm
A Jump for Life
Captured in China
The Unseen Foe
Trailed in Peking
On the Great Wall of China
The Train of Death
The Shanghai Peril
The Unmasking

See also
 List of film serials
 List of film serials by studio
 List of lost films

References

External links

1920 films
1920s action films
1920 lost films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Universal Pictures film serials
Lost American action films
Films directed by Henry MacRae
Films shot in Hawaii
Silent American action films
1920s American films


Gillmoss is an area in north Liverpool, Merseyside, England, located between Croxteth, Fazakerley and Kirkby.

Description
Gillmoss is a predominantly industrial area with little residential housing although pockets exist around the East Lancashire Road, and parts have been described as a 'ghost town' after years of decay.  More recently, a commercial development known as Stonebridge Park has been built as part of regeneration project in this part of north Liverpool which currently houses Euro Foodbrands Export Ltd, P.A Foods Ltd and Healthy Foods Online Ltd.

One of Liverpool's largest bus depots, originally built by Liverpool Corporation Transport but now owned by Stagecoach, is based in Gillmoss on the East Lancs Road.

Gillmoss falls between the neighbouring suburbs of Croxteth and Fazakerley with Kirkby nearby. As a small district, it is often merged with Croxteth, a larger suburb of the city.

References

External links

 Liverpool Street Gallery - Liverpool 11

Areas of Liverpool


The Irisbus Europolis is an integrally-constructed low-floor midibus model with 49 passengers produced by Irisbus (now known as Iveco Bus.)

Cities whose transport companies use the Irisbus Europolis include Rome, Reggio Calabria, Cagliari and Terni in Italy, Lyon in France, Pula in Croatia, and  Thessaloniki (22 pieces) in Greece.

Europolis
Electric midibuses
Midibuses
Low-floor buses
Low-entry buses
Single-deck buses


Henry Horace Pereira (16 January 18451 January 1926) was an Anglican suffragan bishop during the first quarter of the 20th century.

Pereira was born in 1845, educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1869. He served two curacies before becoming the first Warden of the Wilberforce Memorial Mission in South London. Hampshire incumbencies followed before a 30-year association with the Croydon area (which was then a peculiar of the Archbishop of Canterbury, firstly as Rural Dean and (from 1904) Bishop of Croydon, suffragan bishop to the Archbishop. He was consecrated a bishop on the Feast of the Conversion of Saint Paul 1904 (25 January), at Westminster Abbey by Randall Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury. As an endowment, he was also appointed to All Hallows Lombard Street in the same year; when he resigned his See in 1924, he retained the benefice of Lombard-Street until death.

He was Honorary Canon of Canterbury Cathedral, and an Honorary Chaplain to Queen Victoria from January 1900 until her death the following year.

"A man of great energy and a most effective speaker", he died on New Year's Day, 1926.

References

1845 births
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Bishops of Croydon
20th-century Church of England bishops
1926 deaths


Polyphony is a small English choir formed by Stephen Layton for one particular concert put on in King's College, Cambridge in 1986. They have released many critically acclaimed recordings, the most recent of which is Esenvalds - Passion & Resurrection. They record and perform a wide range of music mainly on Hyperion Records. Every year they perform Handel's Messiah and Bach's St John Passion in St John's Smith Square to sell-out audiences. Many of their recordings have been Gramophone editor's choice.

Including many talented musicians such as Tom Williams (English counter tenor), Polyphony have performed many times in the BBC Proms and performed works by John Tavener on his 60th Birthday in the Barbican as part of its Great Performers series. They have also premiered and released prominent recordings of the music of Arvo Pärt.

Stephen Layton

The director of Polyphony, Stephen Layton founded the choir in 1986 and has directed it since. He is also the director of the choir of Trinity College, Cambridge.

Recordings
 Bruckner: Mass in E Minor and Motets
 Whitacre: Cloudburst and other Choral Works
 A Christmas Present from Polyphony
 O Magnum Mysterium
 Lauridsen: Nocturnes
 Lauridsen: Lux Aeterna
 Part: Triodion
 Jackson: Not No Faceless Angel
 Tavener: Choral Works
 Rutter: Music for Christmas
 Rutter: Requiem
 Britten: Sacred and Profane
 Esenvalds: Passion and Resurrection

External links

Cambridge choirs
Musical groups established in 1986
1986 establishments in England
King's College, Cambridge


Wadsworth Harris (October 9, 1864 – November 1, 1942) was an American actor of the silent era. He appeared in more than 40 films between 1911 and 1936. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Los Angeles, California from pneumonia.

Filmography

External links

1864 births
1942 deaths
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
Male actors from Boston
Deaths from pneumonia in California
20th-century American male actors


The Diamond Queen is a 1921 American adventure film serial directed by Edward A. Kull. The film is considered to be lost. The creator of the story Jacques Futrelle was lost in the Titanic disaster in 1912.

Cast
 Eileen Sedgwick as Doris Harvey
 George Chesebro as Bruce Weston
 Frank Clark as Julius Zeidt (credited as Frank Clarke)
 Burton S. Wilson as John Harvey (credited as Burton Wilson)
 Alfred Fisher as Professor Harvey
 Josephine Scott as Aline Earl
 Lew Short as Reitman (credited as Lou Short)
 Albert J. Smith as Professor Ramsey (credited as Al Smith)

Chapter titles
Vow of Vengeance
Plunge of Doom
Perils of the Jungle
Fires of Hate
Tide of Destiny
The Colossal Game
An Amazing Ultimatum
In Merciless Clutches
A Race with Rogues
The Betrayal
In Torture's Grip
The Kidnapping
Weird Walls
The Plunge
The Decoy
The Dip of Death
The Hand of Fate
The Hour of Reckoning

See also
 List of film serials
 List of film serials by studio

References

External links

1921 films
1921 adventure films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Universal Pictures film serials
Films directed by Edward A. Kull
Lost American adventure films
Silent American adventure films
1920s American films
English-language adventure films
1920s English-language films


Hawise of Rennes (; ) ( 1024-1037 – 19 August 1072) was sovereign Duchess of Brittany from 1066 until her death.

Hawise was daughter and heiress of Alan III, Duke of Brittany, by his wife, Bertha of Blois, and as such, a member of the House of Rennes. She had two siblings Conan II and Emma of Brittany. Hawise succeeded her older brother, Conan II, who was assassinated by poisoning on 11 December 1066.

Little is known of the life of Hawise of Rennes. She was married to Hoel of Cornwall some time before 1058. Hoel exercised authority jure uxoris and continued to control the government after her death in 1072 acting as regent for their son, Alan IV.

Family
Hawise married Hoel of Cornwall. They had:
Orwen de Cornouailles, (1050-1103)
Hildeberge de Cornouaille, (1067-1095)
Alain IV Fergant de Cornouaille, (circa 1067- October 19, 1119) Duke of Brittany, Count of Rennes, Count of Nantes
Matthew, inherited the county of Nantes.

References

Sources
 Jean-Christophe Cassard, Houel Huuel : comte de Cornouaille puis duc de Bretagne (c. 1030–1084), t. CXVII, Société archéologique du Finistère, Quimper, 1988 (ISSN 0249-6763), pp. 95–117

1030s births
1072 deaths
11th-century dukes of Brittany
11th-century Breton women
11th-century women rulers
Duchesses of Brittany
Place of birth unknown
Place of death unknown
Dukes of Brittany
Duchesses regnant


Locke Township may refer to:

 Locke Township, Crawford County, Arkansas, in Crawford County, Arkansas
 Locke Township, Elkhart County, Indiana
 Locke Township, Ingham County, Michigan
 Locke Township, Rowan County, North Carolina

Township name disambiguation pages


Charles Edwin George Adams (10 April 1897 – 16 September 1986) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Port Adelaide in the SAFL during the 1920s.

The 1921 season was the highlight of Adam's career, he played in a premiership side with Port Adelaide, won their best and fairest award and tied for the Magarey Medal. He lost the Magarey in a count-back but was awarded it retrospectively in 1998. Adams also won Port Adelaide's best and fairest award in 1920 and finished his senior career with 94 games to his name.

References

External links
Australian Football.com profile
SA Memory.gov

1897 births
Australian rules footballers from South Australia
Port Adelaide Football Club (SANFL) players
Port Adelaide Football Club players (all competitions)
Magarey Medal winners
1986 deaths


The Light Flyweight class in the 1st AIBA African Olympic Boxing Qualifying Tournament competition was the lightest class.  Light flyweights were limited to those boxers weighing less than 48 kilograms.

List of boxers

Medalists

Results

Preliminary round

Quarterfinal Round

Semifinal Round

3rd place Round

Final Round

Qualification to Olympic games

References
AIBA

AIBA African 2008 Olympic Qualifying Tournament


The Magazine Gateway (aka The Magazine and also called Newarke Gateway) is a Grade I listed building in Leicester. Now a solitary landmark alongside Leicester ringroad, it was originally the main gateway of a walled enclosure built around 1400, giving access to the religious precinct of The Newarke. The vaulted archway was open to traffic until 1905. The gatehouse rooms were variously used as a porter's lodge, guest accommodation, prison, militia building, and regimental museum. It is now a building managed by the Leicester Museum Service, and is generally only open to the public by arrangement.

Site
Leicester's South Gates were the entrance into the walled Roman and Medieval town of Leicester. In medieval times an area just south of these, outside the walled town, was set aside as a religious precinct known as the Newarke (or New Work) and enclosed with a substantial wall and gatehouse. The only other gate into The Newarke gave access from Leicester Castle. The area of the Newarke is now substantially occupied by De Montfort University (DMU), and the Magazine Gateway stands at the eastern end of a pedestrianised area between the DMU Business and Law building and the Newarke Houses Museum. While the 'South Gates' now only exist as a street name, the Magazine Gateway stands as a prominent landmark where the carriageways of Leicester's inner ring-road diverge. On the north is the Southgates underpass, to the east is Newarke Street, while from the south traffic arrives along Oxford Street.

Original Purpose
The original purpose of the gateway was to provide a grand imposing entrance into the religious collegiate precinct of The Newarke. In 1330 the Trinity Hospital had been established by Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster in an area along the south side the castle wall. His son rose to be Duke of Lancaster and further aggrandised the area by founding a new collegiate Church of the Annunciation of St. Mary which housed a holy relic claimed to be a thorn from Christ's Crown of thorns. The Gateway was completed soon after 1400, at the same time as substantial walls which enclosed the college precinct. In 1967 The area was built over by the James Went building, and photographs suggest that until then, some of the walls remained up to a height of . In 2006, following demolition of the James Went building, excavations  on the DMU PACE Building site found buried walls surviving to a height of .

The gatehouse itself has two archways, used to give pedestrian and carriage access from just outside the south gates of the town, into the walled precinct. Inside the Gatehouse are rooms on three storeys. These provided living accommodation for a porter and, on the first floor over the archways, guest accommodation for visitors to the college precinct. On at least two occasions, in 1440 and 1525, official visitations found, among a range of serious lapses within the college, concern over the porter allowing access to the precinct by 'unseemly people including women of late hours', and banned the selling food and drink from the precinct and gatehouse. The collegiate system was finally ended in 1548 as part of the reformation of the English Church. The College of canons was disbanded and the Church of the Annunciation destroyed. However the walled enclosure and gatehouse survived, as did the Trinity Hospital. The area became an exclusive residential tax haven, resulting in smart town houses such as Skeffington House, now the main part of Newarke Houses Museum.

Military

The Magazine acquired its present name during the English Civil War when, in 1642, it was first used by Parliamentarian Leicester for the storage of munitions. Attempts by the Royalists to disperse the weapons had little effect, and the area saw military action when, on 30/31 May 1645, the main Royalist Field Army from Oxford under Prince Rupert besieged then stormed Leicester taking possession of the Castle and The Newarke along with the rest of the Town. The area again saw military action when the Parliamentarians re-took the Town on 18 June 1645 after their own short siege of Leicester following their victory at the Battle of Naseby. By the 19th century it was used by the local militia, and also at times as a prison. Graffiti scratched on the walls suggest both prisoners and military occupants left their marks, including in 1809 and the 1940s. The 4th Battalion, the Leicestershire Regiment, created when the 1st Volunteer Battalion of the Leicestershire Regiment was split in 1908, was formed at the Magazine. The battalion was mobilised at the Magazine in August 1914 before being deployed to the Western Front. The Magazine was also used as the headquarters of the Leicestershire Yeomanry during the First World War.

Museum and road schemes

The 1960s inner ring road scheme resulted in the Magazine being stranded with busy carriageways running both sides of it, with the only access being via pedestrian underpasses. In 1969 it was made available to the Royal Leicestershire Regiment for use as the regimental museum. It continued in this purpose until 1996 when repair work and the limited accessibility of the three-story building brought that use to an end. The Regimental museum subsequently re-opened on the upper floor of the Newarke Houses Museum.

The unsatisfactory treatment of a grade I listed medieval building, set below the road level with traffic pounding past both sides, was finally addressed in 2007 with the filling in of the underpass. This allowed the street level on the west side to be brought back down to the same as the Magazine. The road was also shifted entirely to the east side of the gateway, and the area to the west pedestrianised, reuniting the gateway with the Newarke and creating a new open space for students at De Montfort University alongside the nearby Business and Law School.

See also

Leicester's other museums:
Jewry Wall Museum
New Walk Museum
Abbey Pumping Station
Leicester Guildhall
Also, List of museums in Leicestershire

References

External links

Magazine Gateway (Leicester), Crosby Heritage
Magazine Gateway tour - photo gallery from BBC Radio Leicester

Buildings and structures in Leicester
Leicester, Magazine
Grade I listed gates
History of Leicester
Scheduled monuments in Leicestershire
Tourist attractions in Leicestershire
Drill halls in England


Lockport Township may refer to the following places in the United States:

 Lockport Township, Will County, Illinois
 Lockport Township, Haskell County, Kansas
 Lockport Township, St. Joseph County, Michigan

See also
 Lockport (disambiguation)

Township name disambiguation pages


WNNR (970 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Regional Mexican radio format. Licensed to Jacksonville, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned by Norsan Consulting And Management, Inc.

Programming is also heard on FM translator station 'W222BI' at 92.9 in Stockade, near the University of North Florida campus.  The station's moniker uses the FM translator’s frequency, as La Raza 92.9.

History
The station went on the air as WVOJ on March 1, 1984.  On January 29, 2004, the station changed its call sign to the current WNNR.

References

External links

NNR
NNR
Radio stations established in 1984
1984 establishments in Florida
Regional Mexican radio stations in the United States


George Newell Chesebro (July 29, 1888 – May 28, 1959) was an American film actor. He appeared in more than 400 films between 1915 and 1954. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota and died in Los Angeles, California.

Partial filmography

 Mignon (1915)
 Because of a Woman (1917)
 The Show Down (1917)
 Indiscreet Corinne (1917)
 Broadway Arizona (1917)
 Mr. Opp (1917)
 Wild Sumac (1917)
 Hands Up! (1918)
 Modern Love (1918)
 The She Wolf (1919)
 The Hope Diamond Mystery (1921)
 The Diamond Queen (1921)
 Wolf Blood (1925)
 Money to Burn (1926)
 Rustlers' Ranch (1926)
 Hearts and Spangles (1926)
 The Mile-a-Minute Man (1926)
 Mountains of Manhattan (1927)
 The Silent Avenger (1927)
 Should a Girl Marry? (1928)
 Handcuffed (1929)
 Lariats and Six-Shooters (1931)
 The Sheriff's Secret (1931)
 Wild West Whoopee (1931)
 The Kid from Arizona (1931)
 45 Calibre Echo (1932)
 The County Fair (1932)
 The Fighting Champ (1932)
 Alias Mary Smith (1932)
 Gorilla Ship (1932)
 Mark of the Spur (1932)
 Tex Takes a Holiday (1932)
 Mystery Mountain (1934)
 The Law of the Wild (1934)
 Western Racketeers (1934)
 The Man Trailer (1934)
 The Miracle Rider (1935)
 The Adventures of Rex and Rinty (1935)
 Danger Ahead (1935)
 Fighting Caballero (1935)
 The Man from Guntown (1935)
 Pals of the Range (1935)
 Cyclone of the Saddle (1935)
 Wild Mustang (1935)
 Custer's Last Stand (1936)
 The Lawless Nineties (1936)
 Code of the Range (1936)
 The Speed Reporter (1936)
 Desert Guns (1936)
 Robinson Crusoe of Clipper Island (1936)
 S.O.S. Coast Guard (1937)
 Two-Fisted Sheriff (1937)
 Two Gun Law (1937)
 Rio Grande (1938)
 Outlaws of Sonora (1938)
 Squadron of Honor (1938)
 The Purple Vigilantes (1938)
 Lawless Valley (1938)
 The Colorado Trail (1938)
 Call of the Rockies (1938)
 Law of the Plains (1938)
 Daredevils of the Red Circle (1939)
 Billy the Kid Outlawed (1940)
 Wild Horse Valley (1940)
 Wild Horse Range (1940)
 West of Pinto Basin (1940)
 Frontier Crusader (1940)
 Gun Code (1940)
 Covered Wagon Trails (1940)
 Pioneer Days (1940)
 Lightning Strikes West (1940)
 The Lone Rider in Ghost Town (1941)
 Roaring Frontiers (1941)
 The Lone Rider Ambushed (1941)
 The Lone Rider in Cheyenne (1941)
 Trail of the Silver Spurs (1941)
 The Pioneers (1941)
 Wrangler's Roost (1941)
 Saddle Mountain Roundup (1941)
 Boot Hill Bandits (1942)
 Thunder River Feud (1942)
 Two Fisted Justice (1943)
 Death Rides the Plains (1943)
 Raiders of Red Gap (1943)
 Cowboy Commandos (1943)
 Black Market Rustlers (1943)
 Fugitive of the Plains (1943)
 Blazing Frontier (1943)
Devil Riders (1943)
 The Drifter (1944)
 Gangster's Den (1945)
 Rough Ridin' Justice (1945)
 Gunning for Vengeance (1946)
 Overland Riders (1946)
 Gentlemen with Guns (1946)
 Terror Trail (1946)
 The Lone Hand Texan (1947)
 Out West (1947)
 Song of the Wasteland (1947)
 Black Hills (1947)
 Vigilantes of Boomtown (1947)
 Law of the Canyon (1947)
 Shadow Valley (1947)
 West of Dodge City (1947)
 Wyoming (1947)
 Stage to Mesa City (1947)
 Check Your Guns (1948)
 Frontier Revenge (1948)
 Death Valley Gunfighter (1949)
 Trails End (1949)
 Roll, Thunder, Roll! (1949)
 Gunmen of Abilene (1950)
 Punchy Cowpunchers (1950)
 The Traveling Saleswoman (1950)
 Gunslingers (1950)
 Trail of Robin Hood (1950)
 The Kid from Amarillo (1951)
 Pals and Gals'' (1954)

References

External links

1888 births
1959 deaths
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
Male actors from Minneapolis
20th-century American male actors


A steak sandwich is a sandwich prepared with steak that has been broiled, fried, grilled, barbecued or seared using steel grates or gridirons, then served on bread or a roll. Steak sandwiches are sometimes served with toppings of cheese, onions, mushrooms, peppers, tomatoes, and in some instances fried eggs, coleslaw, and french fries.

According to the Library of Congress, the first steak sandwich sold in the United States was at Louis' Lunch of New Haven, Connecticut.

Cheesesteak

A cheesesteak, or steak and cheese, is made from thinly sliced pieces of steak and melted cheese in a long roll.  The cheesesteak is one of the favorite foods of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It can be found in most parts of the U.S. outside the Philadelphia area, often sold as a "Philadelphia" or "Philly Cheesesteak", even when prepared in a manner different from that customary in the city. Variations include the type of condiments, including grilled onions and peppers, the type of cheese used, or the type of roll.

Italian beef

An Italian beef sandwich features thin slices of seasoned roast beef, dripping with meat juices, on a dense, long Italian-style roll, believed to have originated in Chicago, where its history dates back at least to the 1930s. The bread itself is often dipped (or double-dipped) into the jus the meat is cooked in, and the sandwich is typically topped off with Chicago-style giardiniera or sauteed, green Italian sweet peppers. Despite the name, it is almost completely unknown in Italy.

French dip

A French dip sandwich is an American hot sandwich, also known as a beef dip (especially in Canada), consisting of thinly sliced roast beef (or, sometimes, other meats such as pastrami or corned beef) on a French roll or baguette. It is usually served au jus ("with juice"), that is, with beef juice from the cooking process. Though it can be found in many parts of the U.S. and Canada, the sandwich originated in Los Angeles, California, in the first decades of the twentieth century. Despite the name, it is almost completely unknown in France.

Roast beef

A roast beef sandwich is a sandwich that is made out of sliced roast beef or sometimes beef loaf. It is sold at many diners in the U.S., as well as fast food chains, such as Arby's and Roy Rogers Restaurants. This style of sandwich often comes on a hamburger bun and may be topped with barbecue sauce and/or melted American cheese.

Beef on weck

A beef on weck is a variety of sandwich found primarily in Western New York. It is made with roast beef on a kummelweck roll. The meat on the sandwich is traditionally served rare, thin-cut, with the top bun getting a dip au jus. Accompaniments include horseradish, a dill pickle spear, and French fries.

Steak bomb
A steak bomb is a hot sub sandwich consisting of shaved steak and melted provolone or mozzarella cheese with grilled onions, sautéed red and green bell peppers, mushrooms, and peppered shaved steak all on a  sub sandwich roll. It is a variation on the steak submarine sandwich, as is the cheese steak. It is most closely associated with the New England region of the United States, where steak sandwiches are made by quickly grilling shaved steak on a griddle and then adding cheese, or grilling the steak together with peppers and onions or mushrooms. If all three are combined it becomes a steak bomb. The addition of salami or other preserved meats or pickles is optional and exact recipes and proportions vary widely. Nearly every pizzeria and sub shop in New England has its own version of the various steak sandwiches and the steak bomb.

Other variations
In Australia, a steak sandwich is made much like a traditional Australian hamburger, with a piece of grilled steak or fried minute steak, fried onions, lettuce, tomato, tinned beetroot and barbecue sauce or tomato sauce/tomato ketchup. Cheese, a fried egg, bacon or pineapple might also be added. In some establishments, the sandwich is constructed on slices of bread which are toasted on only one side while other establishments serve it on the same roll (bun) used for hamburgers. It is known as a steak burger when served on a hamburger bun.

See also

 Chivito sandwich
 Chicken sandwich
 Hamburger
 Pepito (sandwich)
 Sausage sandwich
 Shooter's sandwich
 Submarine sandwich
 List of sandwiches
 Roast beef sandwich

References

American sandwiches
Australian sandwiches
Fast food
Beef dishes
Steak
Hot sandwiches
American meat dishes


Bhutan has a low crime rate. Incidents of petty crime are occasionally reported in the country. Violent crime is very uncommon. Some cases of drug abuse are reported; alcohol abuse is a problem. But in general, drug trafficking is low. The most serious threat to Bhutan's security is terrorism by different terrorist groups from neighboring countries illegally camped in the nation.

Background
Serious crimes were very uncommon in Bhutan throughout most of the 20th century. There were reports of increased criminal activity since the 1980s and early 1990s. The main causes of the rise in crime are the influx of foreign laborers, widening economic disparities, and more contact with foreign cultures.

In June 1999, television was introduced in the country and Bhutan became the last nation in the world to have television. The introduction of television is often regarded as incompatible with Bhutanese culture and a cause behind the increase in crime.  An editorial in Kuensel, the national newspaper of Bhutan, suggested:

A study conducted by some Bhutanese academics found that cable television has caused strong desire for western products among the people of the country and resulted in the increase in crime rate.

Non-political crime
Violent crime is extremely low in Bhutan. Levels of theft are low. Petty crime like pickpocketing are occasionally reported in the country. Juvenile crime has relatively increased; the highest rate of juvenile crime was reported in 2003, and 63 youths were convicted across the nation. Rape is not an extensive problem; in 1999 only 10 incidents of rape were reported in Bhutan. Homicide rate is low. In 1998, homicide rate per 100,000 citizens was 2.78. Bhutan is a source and transit country for human trafficking. Women are trafficked from Bhutan to other countries for commercial sexual exploitation. But Bhutan is not a destination country; women from other nations are not trafficked into Bhutan.

In April 2002, Bhutan suffered a wave of crime. Although there were some reports of fraud, violence and few cases of homicide from many towns and villages, Bhutan never experienced serious violation of law before it. The first case of corruption in Bhutan was reported on April 5, 2002, when Parop Tshering, a 42-year-old chief accountant of the State Trading Corporation, was charged with embezzlement. Four cases of white-collar crime and violent crime were reported in April 2003.

In the Corruption Perceptions Index 2012, Bhutan is ranked 33rd out of 174 countries for corruption (least corrupt countries are at the top of the list). Bhutan ranks as the least corrupt nation in South Asia and sixth least corrupt in Asia (after, in order, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, Qatar and UAE).

Drug-related crime
Slight drug abuse has appeared in the country. Free trade with neighboring India, presence of porous borders and the refugee population make Bhutan vulnerable to drug trafficking. Bhutan has proximity to certain areas in Nepal and North-East India where intravenous drug use is relatively high. Due to such geographical location, Bhutan also becomes vulnerable to an increase in intravenous drug use. Marijuana, which grows as a shrub in Bhutan, was only used to feed pigs before the introduction of television. But hundreds were arrested in recent years for using marijuana. Use of amphetamines and benzodiazepines smuggled from India is rising in Thimpu and in the Southern Bhutan. However, drug trafficking and production of opium, cannabis and other drugs is not any significant problem in the country.

Alcohol consumption is the most serious addiction related problem in the nation. Alcohol abuse is reported in nearly 80% cases associated with domestic violence.

There are some characteristics of the situation on drug abuse in Bhutan.
Most of the users of narcotic substances are male and students.
Majority of the narcotic users are under the age of twenty-five.
A growing portion of the youth population use multiple drugs.
Some cases of intravenous drug use are reported in Bhutan, but it is minimal compared to other countries in the region.
A social stigma is attached to addiction in the country. Because of this, the full nature of the situation becomes difficult to know.

The Government of Bhutan has taken several measures to counter these problems. Bhutan is a party of the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988). Many laws have been enacted which include the Civil and Criminal Procedure Code (2000), the Sales Tax, Customs and Excise Act (2000), the Medicines Act (2003), the Penal Code of Bhutan (2004), and the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and Substance Abuse Act (2005). In 2004, selling of tobacco products to Bhutanese citizens was outlawed in the country and thus Bhutan became the first nation in the world to ban tobacco sales. Severe punishment was introduced for selling of tobacco. A fine of $210 was imposed for the culprits and cancellation of business licenses for owners of shops and hotels illegally selling tobacco. Karma Tshering of the Bhutanese Customs said, "If any foreigner is caught selling tobacco products to Bhutanese nationals, he will be charged with smuggling. Tobacco will be treated as contraband." However a black market in tobacco has flourished in the country.

Terrorism
Terrorism is not a significant security concern in Bhutan, and according to South Asia Terrorism Portal, a fatal terror attack has not occurred since 2008.

Many insurgent groups from neighboring countries have set up training camps in the southern part of the country. The United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA), the National Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB) and the Bodo Liberation Tigers Force (BLTF) had bases in Bhutan in 2002. Terrorists were involved in murders, extortion and kidnappings. Under increasing pressure from the Government of India, Bhutan issued an ultimatum to the terrorists for leaving the country by December 2001, and in December 2003, the Royal Bhutan Army,
aided by the Special Frontier Force, launched a military campaign. Many terrorist camps were destroyed in the operation. It is suspected that terrorists are trying to make retaliatory attacks against Bhutan. On September 5, 2004, a bomb exploded in Gelephu killing two people and injuring twenty seven. The NDFB was suspected behind the attack. On December 30, 2008, the United Revolutionary Front of Bhutan bombed a vehicle carrying forest rangers and shot at the passengers, killing four rangers. Two wounded foresters managed to escape and alerted police about the incident.

The Government of Bhutan has taken several legal and military actions for combating terrorism. On September 4, 2004, one hundred and eleven people received various sentences ranging from four years to life imprisonment for helping terrorist organizations camped illegally in Bhutan. The offenders included civil servants, businesspersons, and laborers.

See also
Royal Bhutan Police
Law enforcement in Bhutan
Judicial system of Bhutan

References

Sources
 The First Nonsmoking Nation Slate.com
 Timeline: Bhutan BBC News
 Has TV changed Bhutan? BBC News
  Blasts rip through Bhutan CNN
 Series of bomb blasts rock Bhutan International Herald Tribune

Society of Bhutan
Law of Bhutan


William Douglas Allen (27 July 1914 – 7 May 2008) was a physicist and electrical engineer.

Allen was born on 27 July 1914 in Mussooree, British India. He was educated in South Australia at Prince Alfred College and the University of Adelaide, where he received a BSc (Hons) in 1935. In 1937, he was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to New College, Oxford, where he completed a D.Phil. in 1940.

Career
From 1935 to 1937, Allen worked as a "Junior Demonstrator" in the Department of Physics of the University of Adelaide before proceeding to Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar.

During the war, he completed his D.Phil. and from 1939 to 1944 worked as a scientific officer at the UK Ministry of Aircraft Production's Telecommunications Research Establishment. In 1944 he moved to the US to work as a scientific officer on the Manhattan Project.

In 1946 he returned to Australia to work at the CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) Radiophysics Laboratory in Sydney. However, later in 1946 he returned to Britain and commenced a 30-year career as a physicist in the UK. From 1946 to 1961, he worked at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment in Harwell, and from 1961 to 1977, at the Rutherford High Energy Laboratory.

In 1966 he became professor of engineering at the University of Reading.  He retired from Rutherford in 1977, and Reading in 1978, and took on the roles of visiting professor: 1978–79 he was visiting professor of physics at the University of the West Indies, Barbados, and 1979–81 he was visiting professor of electrical engineering at the University of Southampton, UK.

Publications
Some observations on the interface of mercury against water and aqueous solutions, with R.S. Burdon & J.W. Lillywhite, Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science. Report of the Meeting., 23 (Auckland, 1937), 19.
Spreading with uniform acceleration, with K. Grant & R.S. Burdon, Faraday Society, London. Transactions., 33 (1937), 1531–1532.
Neutron detection, W.D. Allen, London : George Newnes, [c1960].
Gravitational radiation experiments at the University of Reading and the Rutherford Laboratory, with C. Christodoulides, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen., 8 (1975), 1726–33.

Scholarships
1935 The John L. Young Scholarship
1937 Rhodes Scholarship

Sources
Allen, William Douglas (1914 – ), Bright Sparcs
'Allen, William Douglas', in Physics in Australia to 1945, R.W. Home, with the assistance of Paula J. Needham, Australian Science Archives Project, June 1995, http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/physics/P001585p.htm.
William Douglas Allen's obituary

References and notes

Australian Rhodes Scholars
1914 births
2008 deaths
People educated at Prince Alfred College
University of Adelaide alumni
Alumni of New College, Oxford
Academics of the University of Reading
Academics of the University of Southampton
Academic staff of the University of the West Indies
British people in colonial India
British expatriates in Australia


Do or Die is a 1921 American film serial directed by J. P. McGowan. The film is considered to be lost. The film serial had a working title of The Seal of Satan. Several of its scenes where filmed at the Morro Castle in Havana, Cuba.

Cast
 Eddie Polo as Jack Merton
 Magda Lane as The Mystery Woman
 Inez McDonald as Dolores Nunez
 J. P. McGowan as Captain Alvarez / Satan
 Jay Marchant as Mendez
 Jean Perkins as Rafael

Chapters
 The Buccaneer's Bride
 The Hornet's Nest
 The Secret of the Sea
 The Hidden Danger
 The Bandit's Victim
 The Escape
 In Hiding
 The Trap
 Under Sentence
 The Secret Cavern
 Satan's Twin
 The Lost Ring
 The Cipher Key
 The Midnight Attack
 The Race for Life
 The Crystal Lake
 A Fight to the Finish
 Hidden Treasure

See also
 List of American films of 1921
 List of film serials
 List of film serials by studio

References

External links

 Do or Die - Eddie Polo - Universal Weekly - 47 pages of details

1921 films
1920s action thriller films
1921 lost films
American silent serial films
American black-and-white films
Lost American films
Films directed by J. P. McGowan
American action thriller films
Films shot in Cuba
Films about treasure hunting
Universal Pictures film serials
1920s American films
Silent adventure films
Silent thriller films


The Volta potential (also called Volta potential difference, contact potential difference, outer potential difference, Δψ, or "delta psi") in electrochemistry, is the electrostatic potential difference between two metals (or one metal and one electrolyte) that are in contact and are in thermodynamic equilibrium. Specifically, it is the potential difference between a point close to the surface of the first metal and a point close to the surface of the second metal (or electrolyte).

The Volta potential is named after Alessandro Volta.

Volta potential between two metals

When two metals are electrically isolated from each other, an arbitrary potential difference may exist between them.  However, when two different neutral metal surfaces are brought into electrical contact (even indirectly, say, through a long electro-conductive wire), electrons will flow from the metal with the higher Fermi level to the metal with the lower Fermi level until the Fermi levels in the two phases are equal.
Once this has occurred, the metals are in thermodynamic equilibrium with each other (the actual number of electrons that passes between the two phases is usually small).
Just because the Fermi levels are equal, however, does not mean that the electric potentials are equal. The electric potential outside each material is controlled by its work function, and so dissimilar metals can show an electric potential difference even at equilibrium.

The Volta potential is not an intrinsic property of the two bulk metals under consideration, but rather is determined by work function differences between the metals' surfaces. Just like the work function, the Volta potential depends sensitively on surface state, contamination, and so on.

Measurement of Volta potential (Kelvin probe)

The Volta potential can be significant (of order 1 volt) but it cannot be measured directly by an ordinary voltmeter.
A voltmeter does not measure vacuum electrostatic potentials, but instead the difference in Fermi level between the two materials, a difference that is exactly zero at equilibrium.

The Volta potential, however, corresponds to a real electric field in the spaces between and around the two metal objects, a field generated by the accumulation of charges at their surfaces. The total charge  over each object's surface depends on the capacitance  between the two objects, by the relation , where  is the Volta potential. It follows therefore that the value of the potential can be measured by varying the capacitance between the materials by a known amount (e.g., by moving the objects further from each other) and measuring the displaced charge that flows through the wire that connects them.

The Volta potential difference between a metal and an electrolyte can be measured in a similar fashion.
The Volta potential of a metal surface can be mapped on very small scales by use of a Kelvin probe force microscope, based on atomic force microscopy. Over larger areas on the order of millimeters to centimeters, a scanning Kelvin probe (SKP), which uses a wire probe of tens to hundreds of microns in size, can be used. In either case the capacitance change is not known—instead, a compensating DC voltage is added to cancel the Volta potential so that no current is induced by the change in capacitance. This compensating voltage is the negative of the Volta potential.

See also
 Electrode potential
 Absolute electrode potential
 Electric potential
 Galvani potential
 Potential difference (voltage)
 Band bending
 Volt
 Volta effect

References

Electrochemical concepts
Electrochemical potentials
Alessandro Volta


Carolus Hacquart (the latinised form of his original name: Carel Hacquart) (c. 1640 - after 1686) was a Flemish composer and musician. He became one of the most important 17th-century composers in the Dutch Republic and possibly also worked in England.

Life

Hacquart was born in Bruges around 1640.  He received his education, comprising Latin and composition as well as viola da gamba, lute and organ, most probably in his native town.  Records referring to a 'Charges Akkert' who is accepted in September 1650 as a choirboy in the St. Salvator's Church in Bruges suggest he may have been born later than 1640.  His brother Philips is accepted the same year as a choirboy in another church in Bruges.  At the end of the 1650s both brothers are recorded in Ghent where they are choirboys in different churches.

Attracted by the growth of musical life of the rich citizens of the Dutch Republic, his brother Philips moved to Amsterdam around 1670 where he was joined by Carolus a few years later.  It seems the brothers never held official positions and both gained a living as free-lance musicians.  In Calvinist Holland there was little interest in church music and the aristocracy generally was not supportive of the arts. The brothers therefore became musicians and music teachers to the well-off Dutch burghers.

Carolus moved in 1679 to The Hague, where he taught and organized concerts with the support of the elderly Constantijn Huygens, who was the chief councillor of William III, the stadtholder and future king of England. Thanks to Huygens' recommendation of Hacquart to John Maurice of Nassau, Hacquart could organise weekly concerts in the famous Mauritshuis. Hacquart was also an organist at the Old-Catholic church of The Hague.

To earn a living, Hacquart gave music classes to many wealthy patricians such as lawyers and other notables who made music in their spare time. One of his students was Willem Hoogendorp, the future mayor of Rotterdam to whom he dedicated his sonatas . In 1686 Hacquart composed 12 suites under the title Chelys which he dedicated to two of his students, the lawyers Pittenius and Kuysten.  The words 'Chelys' is Greek for 'lyre'. In the 17th century it became the Latin term for any stringed instrument but in particular the viola da gamba.

Little is known about his life after 1686 and there is no trace of his life in the Dutch Republic after that date. Based on the possible identification with a person with a similar name (Charles Hakert) who was identified as a native of Holland in a document dated 16 July 1697, it is believed that he had then moved to England.  The fact that the composer Gottfried Finger who worked at the English court owned a copy of Hacquart's Chelys suggests that the two composers may have worked together in England.

Hacquart died possibly in 1701.

Work
Hacquart is the composer of the first opera in the Dutch language with the title De triomfeerende Min (Triumphant Love). The opera was based on a text by  which he wrote on the occasion of the Treaty of Nijmegen of 1678. The opera was not performed during Hacquart's lifetime.  The first known performance dates to 1920 when the piece was performed in Arnhem.  Unfortunately most of the music of this opera has to be considered lost.

Three other publications of his music have survived.  His first published work is the Cantiones Sacrae, which consists of religious pieces for vocal soloists, choir and instrumentalists which could be sung by both Catholics and Protestants (1674). His second published work is the Harmonia Parnassia Sonatarum''', which is a collection of 10 sonatas for two or three violins and basso continuo (1686).

His third published work: Chelys (1686). The work Chelys consists of 12 suites that can be performed by one viol, two viols or one viol with a basso continuo accompaniment.  Only one copy of the gamba part of Chelys survives. The bass part is lost.

The work of Hacquart belongs to the best music composed in the 17th century Netherlands.  In particular the instrumental sonatas from his opus 2, Harmonia Parnassia Sonatarum stand out.

Copies of Hacquart's works are kept in the library of Durham Cathedral, England.

References

Further readingHet Honderd Componisten Boek, Haarlem, 1997Carel Hacquart (1640–1701?) Een biografische bijdrage, Pieter Andriessen, Het werk, Brussel 1974The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, London, 2001

External links
Leven en werk van Carolus Hacquart
Carel Hacquart on the website of the Muziekcentrum

Selected discography
 Carolus Hacquart, Chelys – Guido Balestracci and others, CD Symphonía (2004)
 Carolus Hacquart, Cantiones & Sonate, Ensemble Clématis, with the soprano Céline Scheen, CD Musica Ficta (2006)
 The Galaxy Recordings Dutch Music for viola da gamba from the 17th century: Johann Schenk, Christiaen Herwich en Ph. Hacquart, The Spirit of Gambo (2006)
 Carolus Hacquart, Le maistre de musique, Ricercar Consort, CD Flora 0705 (2007)
 Carolus Hacquart, The Triumph of Love / De Triomfeerende Min'', Camerata Trajectina, CD Globe 6069 (2012)

1640s births
1701 deaths
Musicians from Bruges
Flemish Baroque composers
Male classical composers


The Boogie Man Will Get You is a 1942 American comedy horror film directed by Lew Landers and starring Boris Karloff and Peter Lorre. It was the final film Karloff made under his contract with Columbia Pictures, and it was filmed in the wake of his success in the 1941 Broadway production Arsenic and Old Lace. As he had done several times previously, Karloff played the part of a "mad scientist", Professor Billings, who is using the basement of his inn to conduct experiments using electricity to create a race of superhumans. The inn is bought by a new owner, who is initially unaware of the work Billings is conducting.

Plot
Faced with mortgage debts, Professor Nathaniel Billings (Boris Karloff) sells his 18th-century tavern to Winnie Layden (Jeff Donnell), who plans to turn it into a hotel. Billings stipulates as a condition of sale that he is able to continue working in a laboratory in the basement. His housekeeper Amelia Jones (Maude Eburne) and hired hand Ebenezer (George McKay) also continue to work in the inn. Layden is initially unaware of the nature of Billings's experiments in the basement laboratory: he is attempting to use electricity to create a race of superhumans to help the war effort. Layden's ex-husband Bill (Larry Parks) is against the sale, but is too late to stop it, and decides to stay on at the inn for a few days.

One night at dinner, the residents hear the sounds of a ghost. Bill suspects that this is part of a plan to scare the new owner away. While investigating, Bill discovers in the basement the dead body of travelling salesman Johnson (Eddie Laughton), an experiment subject who died shortly after the sale. He reports this discovery to the local sheriff Dr. Arthur Lorencz (Peter Lorre). After making inquiries, Lorencz realises the potential for profit and decides to work with Billings on a subsequent experiment. Their initial plan is to use Bill as a test subject, but this proves unsuccessful, so they turn their attention to Maxie, a visiting powder puff salesman (Maxie Rosenbloom).

Before the experiments can begin, one of the inn's guests is murdered. Billings and Lorencz see the primary suspect as another guest, J. Gilbert Brampton (Don Beddoe), but the police officers who set out to investigate are intercepted on the way. Maxie scares away an intruder known as "Jo-Jo" (Frank Puglia), who is intending to steal Billings's equipment. Billings and Lorencz decide to begin their experiment on Maxie so that they can use him to stop "Jo-Jo" from blowing up a nearby munitions plant. Meanwhile, Brampton informs Winnie and Bill that he is visiting as a representative of the Historical Society of America, who are interested in buying the inn.

When the police officers eventually arrive, they arrest the housekeeper and Ebenezer for the murders. The dead bodies come back to life, having apparently been in a state of suspended animation. The police officers decide to send the rest of the house's inhabitants to the Idlewild Sanatorium, a local psychiatric institution.

Cast
 Boris Karloff as  Prof. Nathaniel Billings
 Peter Lorre as  Dr. Arthur Lorencz
 Max Rosenbloom as Maxie – the Powder Puff Salesman
 Larry Parks as Bill Layden
 Miss Jeff Donnell as Winnie Slade (as Miss Jeff Donnell)

Production
The Boogie Man Will Get You was the final film that Boris Karloff made under his contract with Columbia, and the studio were hoping to build on the success of the Broadway play Arsenic and Old Lace, which Karloff was appearing in at the time. Production of the film took place while the play was on hiatus in summer 1942. There are many similarities between the film and Arsenic and Old Lace, including the presence of eccentric characters and the premise of dead bodies in the basement. As previously with the films he made with Columbia, Karloff was cast in the role of a "mad scientist", as he had been in The Man They Could Not Hang (1939), Before I Hang (1940), The Man With Nine Lives (1940), and The Devil Commands (1941).

The screenplay was written by Edwin Blum in four weeks, based on a story by Hal Fimberg and Robert B. Hunt, adapted by Paul Gangelin. Although the film is a comedy-horror, Blum described the studio's aims as creating a "goose pimple" film; Blum explained that he "was and still [is] incapable of writing a straight horror film". Before filming began, Jack Fier had been named as the producer, but Colbert Clark took over from him.

The set for the laboratory and its exotic scientific equipment initially was to include a visible woman, a clear live-sized plastic figure "with lights denoting various nerve-centers," but this was dropped after the Production Code Administration, which enforced the "no nudity in fact or in silhouette" prohibition of the Motion Picture Production Code, raised questions regarding this transparent unclothed model.

Columbia planned a publicity campaign to promote the film, polling film critics to compile a list of the ten best on-screen villains. The studio assumed that Karloff and Lorre would come high on the list, but the top three were all Disney characters: the witch from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the wolf from Three Little Pigs, and the cat from Pinocchio. The studio consequently abandoned this publicity idea.

Release and reception
The Boogie Man Will Get You was released in October 1942 to a mixed critical reception. A Variety reviewer commented positively on the film, describing it as a "screwball comedy" offering "hearty laughs". According to a reviewer in Kinematograph Weekly, however, the madness of the characters was "a little too studio to promote spontaneous thrills or laughter". Writing in the New York Daily News, Kate Cameron stated that "frightening people in theatres takes more ingenuity and adroitness than the authors of this screenplay put into it". The Monthly Film Bulletin found the film was "ably produced and directed" and that Karloff and Lorre "manage to sustain the appearance of mental unbalance well" while stating that the film was "a lot of nonsense with a certain amount of humor, but rather too long-drawn-out."

Notes
Citations

Bibliography

External links

1942 films
1942 horror films
American black-and-white films
American comedy horror films
Films directed by Lew Landers
American science fiction comedy films
Columbia Pictures films
1940s comedy horror films
1942 comedy films
1940s English-language films
1940s American films


Floyd Thomas Christian, Sr. (December 18, 1914 – May 11, 1998) was Florida Commissioner of Education from 1965 to 1973.

Early life

Christian was born in Bessemer, Alabama. He moved to Pinellas County with his family in 1927.

Education

Christian graduated from St. Petersburg High School in 1933. He received his Bachelor of Arts from the University of Florida in 1937. He received his master's degree in education from the University of Florida in 1950.

Career

He was a teacher and coach at Clearwater High School and coach at Fort Myers High School from 1938 to 1941.

In World War II he served as battalion commander of the 697th Field Artillery and discharged as a colonel in 1946. He received the Legion of Merit, the French Croix de Guerre, a Bronze Star Medal, a Silver Star, and the Italian Medal of Valor.

After the war, Christian was an administrator at the Florida Department of Veterans Affairs in St. Petersburg from 1946 to 1948. Christian was Superintendent of Public Instruction for Pinellas County from 1948 to 1965. Around this time Christian served as president of the Florida Association of County Superintendents (1954), president of the Florida Education Association (1955), and as the first chair of the Florida Educational Television Commission (1955).  Christian was also served on the Florida Board of Regents, and was one of its first appointees when the board was organized in 1965.

Christian was appointed state Superintendent of Public Instruction, by Governor W. Haydon Burns in 1965 and served until 1973. (The Superintendent of Public Instruction post was created by the 1868 Florida Constitution; under the 1885 Constitution, it became an elected position. The Superintendent headed the Department of Public Instruction (1869–1938) and its successor agency, the Florida Department of Education (1939–1968). Under the current Florida Constitution, adopted in 1968 during Christian's term, the title of the post was changed to Commissioner of Education and the post became one of the elected positions in the Florida Cabinet.)

Christian won election as Florida Commissioner of Education in 1970. The Florida statewide teachers' strike of 1968 and the desegregation of Florida schools occurred during Christian's tenure. While he "typified white officialdom's early resistance to desegregation" as Pinellas superintendent, Christian shifted positions and became a "staunch defender of desegregation" as  state Commissioner of Education.

His career ended in 1975 after he was investigated on corruption and several months in federal prison for income tax evasion.

Later life

Christian lived in Sarasota for about 20 years until he moved to a St. Petersburg retirement community in 1997. He suffered from congestive heart disease died at Westminster Shores Health Care Center in 1998 at the age of 83.

References

External links
A Guide to the Floyd T. Christian Speeches from the George A. Smathers Libraries of the University of Florida

1914 births
1998 deaths
University of Florida alumni
Florida Commissioners of Education
People from Bessemer, Alabama
Recipients of the Silver Star
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
20th-century American politicians


WROS (1050 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station broadcasting a Christian radio format. Licensed to Jacksonville, Florida, the station is currently owned by WROS, The Rose of Jacksonville, LLC. WROS airs national religious leaders such as Dr. David Jeremiah, John MacArthur, Jim Daly, Chuck Colson and Dr. Charles Stanley. Hosts pay for their time on the station and may ask for donations while on the air.

WROS transmits in the daytime with a power of 5,000 watts, but because AM 1050 is a clear channel frequency, WROS must greatly reduce power at night to 13 watts to avoid interfering with other stations.

History

Beginnings as WQIK
A construction permit was applied for on November 6, 1953, which was awarded on May 19, 1954. The station went on the air in 1955 as WQIK under the ownership of Telerad, Inc. WQIK originally transmitted on 1280 kHz with 1,000 watts. On July 10, 1957, ownership of WQIK transferred to Rowland Broadcasting Company, Inc., which would own WQIK until 1980. WQIK spawned a sister station, WQIK-FM/99.1, in 1964. In 1967, WQIK changed frequencies to 1090 kHz with an increase in power to 50,000 watts daytime/10,000 watts during critical hours/16.9 watts nighttime (to protect WBAL). In 1975, an application was filed to reduce power to 10,000 watts.

WCMG, back to WQIK, and WQIK gets sold
WQIK changed callsigns to WCMG effective January 1, 1976. The station would change frequencies again with an application filed on December 16, 1977, to shift to 1050 kHz with 5,000 watts daytime-only. WCMG changed back to WQIK on November 3, 1978. WQIK was sold to Gary L. Acker, trading as Good News Broadcasting, effective May 5, 1980.

WROS
On May 6, 1980, the station changed its call sign to the current WROS.

References

External links

ROS
Radio stations established in 1955
Gospel radio stations in the United States
1955 establishments in Florida
ROS


WEWC (1160 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Spanish tropical music format. Licensed to Callahan, Florida, United States, the station serves the Jacksonville area. The station is currently owned by Norsan Consulting and Management, Inc. and features programming from CNN Radio. WEWC simulcast on WVOJ until that station went silent on January 11, 2017.

History
The station went on the air as WELX on July 11, 1988. On November 8, 2001, it changed its call sign to WEWC.

References

External links
Latina 92.1 Facebook
Norsan Media Radio Stations

EWC
Radio stations established in 1988
1988 establishments in Florida


WSOS (1170 AM) is a radio station which is broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to St. Augustine Beach, Florida, United States, the station serves the St. Augustine area.  The station also re-broadcasts on translator W280EY 103.9 FM (St. Augustine).  The station is currently owned by Kevin Geddings through licensee WSOS Radio LLC of St. Augustine, Florida. WSOS AM 1170 is a daytime-only  Class D station, broadcasting on the clear-channel frequency of 1170 kHz. WSOS must leave the air from sunset to sunrise to avoid interference with the nighttime skywave signal of WWVA (AM) in Wheeling, West Virginia.

History
The station went on the air as WAIA on October 15, 1986. During the 1980s, it broadcast an adult contemporary format playing hits from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s along with its sister-station WSOS-FM. On February 1, 1990, the station changed its call sign to WHWY, then it changed again on September 4, 1992, to WKLN & on February 18, 2003, to the current WSOS.  WSOS was purchased by Kevin Geddings of St. Augustine, Florida in 2012.  He immediately linked it to an FM signal. The station now simulcasts on 103.9 FM (St. Augustine) and 95.7 (Nocatee & Ponte Vedra). Geddings previously owned WFOY/WAOC St. Augustine as well as WXNC and WKMT in Charlotte, North Carolina. Previously Geddings worked for WSPA Spartanburg/Greenville, South Carolina and for RKO Radio in New York City.

Translators

References

1992 Broadcasting Yearbook, page A-79

External links

SOS (AM)
Radio stations established in 1986
1986 establishments in Florida
SOS


WCGL (1360 AM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting an urban gospel radio format. Licensed to Jacksonville, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned by JBD Communications, Inc.  The station airs contemporary gospel music and some preaching programs, aimed at the African-American community.  It uses the moniker "The Victory Station."

WCGL transmits with 5,000 watts by day, but to avoid interfering with other radio stations on AM 1360, WCGL reduces power at night to only 89 watts.  Listeners in Jacksonville and adjacent communities can hear WCGL programming on an FM translator station, 94.7 W234CW.

History
The station first signed on the air in 1948 as WOBS.  It was owned by the Southern Radio & Equipment Company and was a daytimer.  It originally broadcast at 1,000 watts by day and had to go off the air at sunset.

References

External links

CGL
Gospel radio stations in the United States
CGL


WAOC (1420 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian talk and teaching format. Licensed to St. Augustine, Florida, United States, the station serves the Jacksonville area.  The station is currently owned Good Tidings Trust, Inc.

FM translator
WAOC programming is also relayed on an FM translator.

History

1950s

1954
WAOC begins broadcasting as WSTN on January 3.  It is initially a 1 kW daytimer.

1970s
WAOC was operating in the early 1970s as WAOC (Americas Oldest City) and broadcasting from a single-wide mobile home situated at the transmitter site out in the woods off SR 207. Later in the mid-1970s, the studio moved to the second-highest floor in the National Bank building on Cathedral Place in downtown St. Augustine. The station aired a country/western format with local and national news on the half-hour, provided by A.P. teletype wire tickers.

1990s
WAOC airs a news/talk format in competition with WFOY. Its sister station WJQR signs on.

2000s

2002
WAOC is bought by Shull Broadcasting & becomes a sister station to WFOY as "Real Country 1420".

2020s

2021
On May 14, 2021, WAOC changed formats from sports to a simulcast of religious-formatted WAYR 550 AM Fleming Island, branded as "Way Radio". Effective July 27, 2021, then owner Phillips Broadcasting sold WAOC and translator W243AW to Good Tidings Trust, Inc. for $199,000.

Controversy
Kevin Leslie Geddings, known on air as "Kevin Leslie" & also husband of WAOC owner Kris Phillips was sentenced on May 7, 2007, due to an October 2006 conviction of 5 counts of fraud when he served as the state lottery commissioner in North Carolina. Geddings must serve 4 years in federal prison in Jesup, Georgia, as well as pay a $25,000 fine. His conviction was vacated on August 27, 2010. The government was ordered to return the $25,000 fine and $500 special assessment Geddings paid. Source: St. Augustine Record. September 7, 2010.

Previous logos

References

External links

CBS Sports Radio stations
Radio stations established in 1954
1954 establishments in Florida
AOC


Janusz Centka (born 20 April 1950, in Tonowo) is a Polish glider pilot who has won two European and three World Gliding Championships.

In 2002 he established a world record in speed over a triangular course of 1000 km (144.95 km/h) in the 15m class in a SZD 56 Diana from Ely, Nevada (USA).
In 2003, he was awarded the Paul Tissandier Diploma, and in 2004 he was awarded the Lilienthal Gliding Medal by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale gliding commission.

He is a member of the gliding club at Leszno and works as a Boeing 767 captain and flight instructor for PLL LOT.

References

1950 births
Living people
Polish glider pilots
Lilienthal Gliding Medal recipients
Glider flight record holders
Place of birth missing (living people)
Poznań University of Technology alumni


Do or Die may refer to:

Music
 Do or Die (group), hip hop group from Chicago

Albums
 Do or Die (Ant Banks album), and the title song
 Do or Die (Burn album), and the title song
 Do or Die (Dropkick Murphys album), and the title song
 Do or Die (Gospel Gangstaz album), and the title song
 Do or Die (Tim Dog album)
 Do or Die (Viking album), and the title song
 Do or Die: Diary 1982, by Nico
 Do or Die, by The BossHoss band
 Do or Die, by Eureka Machines

Songs
 "Do or Die" (30 Seconds to Mars song)
 "Do or Die" (Grace Jones song)
 "Do or Die" (Super Furry Animals song)
 "Do or Die", by 3OH!3, from the album Omens
 "Do or Die", by Amaranthe, from the album Manifest.
 "Do or Die", by The Flatliners, from the album Destroy to Create
 "Do or Die", by Forever the Sickest Kids, from the album The Weekend: Friday
 "Do or Die", by Hardline, from the album II
 "Do or Die", by The Human League, from the album Dare
 "Do or Die", by Wigwam, from the album Nuclear Nightclub

Film
 Do or Die (film), by Andy Sidaris
 Do or Die, linked from List of Bollywood films of 1944
 Do or Die, starring Polly Shannon
 Do or Die (serial), film serial
 Do or Die (miniseries), Australian miniseries

Other
 Nickname for Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn

See also
 DOD (disambiguation)
 Doe or Die, by rapper AZ
 The Charge of the Light Brigade (poem), by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, which contains the often-misquoted line "Theirs not to reason why, / Theirs but to do and die."
 A phrase used by Gandhi in his Quit India speech
 "Scots Wha Hae", by Robert Burns, 1793, contains this phrase in its English-language translation
 "Do or die", an episode in the 2021 season Survivor 41


Sergei Pavlenko (born 1953) is a portrait painter of Russian origin and now based in Britain.

Biography
Pavlenko graduated in Painting from St. Petersburg Academy of Fine Arts in 1988. He studied under Boris Ugarov, President of the Academy of Fine Arts of the USSR, and was nominated for the Gold Medal.

In 1989, Sergei Pavlenko moved to the West, received immediate recognition and began to paint and exhibit his work in London and the USA. Since then he has been living and working in London and is now a British citizen. Now an established portrait painter, both in Europe and the United States, Sergei Pavlenko’s work is in constant demand. His portrait of The Queen, completed in 2000, was reportedly the Queen's favourite portrait since her coronation. It was personally unveiled by the queen.

The painting received impressive coverage by the world press and television and a postage stamp was subsequently made in the UK.

In 2004, Sergei Pavlenko had a one-man exhibition in London in the Russian Embassy and in Moscow in the British Embassy, with over a thousand guests attending the Private View. Four TV channels covered the event and numerous articles and reviews on the subject appeared in newspapers and magazines. In Russia, Sergei Pavlenko’s name has been added to the list of highly distinguished emigrants and is next to the ballet dancer Anna Pavlova. In Britain, Channel 4 of the UK Television showed a film about Sergei Pavlenko and his portraits.

Sergei Pavlenko was awarded a commission to paint a large-scale picture of The Queen meeting with Princes William and Harry at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.

Selected exhibitions
2008 Frost and Reed Gallery, London
2004 One-man show, The British Embassy, Moscow.
2004 One-man show, The Russian Embassy, London.
Andean Gallery, Cork Street, London.
Andreeva Portrait Gallery, Santa Fe, USA.
“Artlondon”, Contemporary Art Fair, London.
Olympia Fine Art and Antiques Fair.
2000 20th Century British Art Fair, London.
Royal Academy Summer Exhibition.
Royal Society of Portrait Painters, Mall Gallery, London.
1989, 93,07 Royal Institute of Oil Painters, London.
Portrait Commissions, Henry Wyndham Art Gallery, London.
David Ker Gallery, London.
Kertesz Fine Arts Gallery, San Francisco, USA.
Royal West of England Academy of Arts.
Art Expo-90, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Commissions and collections

The Prince of Wales
Prince Ernst of Hanover
Prince Nicholas Romanov
Princess Maria Gabriella of Savoy
John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough
Hugh FitzRoy, 11th Duke of Grafton
David Manners, 11th Duke of Rutland
David Ogilvy, 13th Earl of Airlie
John Grimston, 7th Earl of Verulam
Brown University, USA
Mr Crispin Odey
Cazenove Group plc.
The Worshipful Company of Drapers
The Earl and Countess of Dalhousie
Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby
Sir Nicholas Mander, 4th Baronet
Mr Rudolf Oetker (Germany).
Mr Lee Bass (USA).
Robber de Balkany (France).
Mr Carlo Bonomy (Italy).

Mr John Goulandris (Greece).
Rudolf von Ribbentrop (Germany).
Count Gustaf Douglas (Sweden).
Vicomte and Vicomtesse de Ribb (France).
Sir Evelyn Robert de Rothschild
Alfred Taubman (USA).
Mr Fridtjof Lorentsen (Norway).
Mr Anthony Lunn.
Count Knut Winterfeld (Denmark).
Lord Younger (former Secretary of Defence).
12th Lancers Regiment
Sir Jack Stewart-Clark
Mr Michael Stone.
Mr Salah Hawila.
Colonel Hamilton-Russell.
Colonel Peter Rodgers.
Captain John Macdonald-Buchunan.
Dr August Oetker (Germany).
Mr William Worsley.
Sir Jeoffry Rose (RAC Club).

External links
 Sergei Pavlenko website

1953 births
Living people
20th-century British painters
British male painters
21st-century British painters
Russian portrait painters
British portrait painters
Soviet emigrants to the United Kingdom
20th-century British male artists
21st-century British male artists


William John Ashley (14 May 1890 – 3 December 1968) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Port Adelaide in the SAFL from 1912 to 1915 and 1919.

Early life
He was born in South Australia in 1890 but moved to Sydney with his family early the next decade.

Sydney football
Ashley was a star footballer in the local Sydney Australian rules football league.

1911 Interstate carnival
He represented New South Wales at the inaugural state carnival.

Port Adelaide
A follower, Ashley would later become a regular for South Australia at interstate level. He was a best and fairest winner at Port Adelaide in 1914 and also won that year's Magarey Medal. The war interrupted the SAFL but when it returned in 1919 so did Ashley and he won another best and fairest award before retiring at the end of the season.

See also
 1911 Adelaide Carnival

Footnotes

References
 William John Ashley, at New South Wales Australian Football History Society.

External links

1890 births
1968 deaths
Australian rules footballers from New South Wales
Australian Rules footballers: place kick exponents
Port Adelaide Football Club (SANFL) players
Port Adelaide Football Club players (all competitions)
Balmain Australian Football Club players
East Sydney Australian Football Club players
Magarey Medal winners


Sertan Eser (born April 18, 1974 in Germany) is a Turkish retired footballer who played as a left forward and striker.

He has played 9 times for the Turkey under-21 team.

He has previously played for Antalya Köy Hizmetleri, Konyaspor, Beşiktaş J.K., Adanaspor, Yimpaş Yozgatspor, Sakaryaspor, Malatyaspor, Ankaraspor, Bursaspor, Diyarbakırspor, Gençlerbirliği, Malatyaspor (again) and İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor.

References

External links
Profile at TFF.org

1974 births
Living people
Turkish men's footballers
Turkey men's under-21 international footballers
Konyaspor footballers
Beşiktaş J.K. footballers
Malatyaspor footballers
Ankaraspor footballers
Bursaspor footballers
Diyarbakırspor footballers
Gençlerbirliği S.K. footballers
İstanbul Başakşehir F.K. players
Kasımpaşa S.K. footballers
Süper Lig players
German sportspeople of Turkish descent
Men's association football forwards
Place of birth missing (living people)


G.I. Blues is the third soundtrack album and seventh (overall) album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released by RCA Victor in mono and stereo, LPM/LSP 2256, in October 1960. It is the soundtrack to the 1960 film of the same name in which he starred. Recording sessions took place on April 27 and 28, and May 6, 1960, at RCA Victor Studio C and Radio Recorders in Hollywood, California. The album topped the Billboard Top Pop Album chart. It was certified gold on March 13, 1963 and platinum on March 27, 1992 by the Recording Industry Association of America. The album remained at the #1 spot for ten weeks.

Content
Music on this album comprised songs that had appeared in the film of the same name. The song "Wooden Heart" was released as a single in the United Kingdom, where it was number one for six weeks. It also was number one in Australia. In the United States, Joe Dowell recorded a cover version of "Wooden Heart" that topped the Billboard Hot 100. RCA Victor later released "Wooden Heart" by Presley as the b-side of a single twice, once in 1964 on the back of a reissue of "Blue Christmas," and again on the flip side of a belated issue in 1965 of "Puppet on a String" from the film Girl Happy. Four songs from this album appear on the 1995 soundtrack compilation Command Performances: The Essential 60s Masters II: "G.I. Blues", "Wooden Heart", "Shoppin' Around", and "Doin' the Best I Can".

Due to copyright reasons, the European version of the soundtrack album and film substitutes the opening track "Tonight Is So Right for Love" with the song "Tonight's All Right for Love", adapted from a melody by 19th century waltz-king Johann Strauss II, Tales from the Vienna Woods. The melody for "Tonight Is So Right for Love" was taken directly from a barcarolle composed by Jacques Offenbach, one of Strauss's contemporaries.  An American release of "Tonight's All Right for Love" did not occur until it appeared on the compilation album Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 1 in 1974. The version of "Blue Suede Shoes" used on the soundtrack is a new recording of the song Presley first recorded in 1956, and is one of only a few songs that Presley would re-record in a studio setting during his career, others being "Love Letters", "It Hurts Me" and "A Little Less Conversation".

The G.I. Blues soundtrack album was nominated for two Grammy Awards in 1960 in the categories Best Sound Track Album Or Recording Of Original Cast From A Motion Picture Or Television and Best Vocal Performance Album, Male.

Reissues
On April 27, 1997, RCA remastered the album for compact disc, adding eight outtakes from the recording session as bonus tracks. Two songs were previously released, the acoustic version of "Big Boots" appearing on the posthumous 1978 album Elvis Sings for Children and Grown-Ups Too, and the substitute "Tonight's All Right For Love". In 2012 G.I. Blues was released on the Follow That Dream label in a 7-inch digi-pack edition featuring a booklet and two CDs containing the original album tracks and numerous alternate takes. A follow-up album, Café Europa, which also contained a booklet and two CDs was released in 2013.  This album featured more alternate takes of the G.I. Blues soundtrack.

Personnel
Elvis Presley – vocals, acoustic rhythm guitar on "Shoppin' Around" (alt. version recorded April 27)
The Jordanaires – backing vocals
Scotty Moore – rhythm guitar, lead guitar on "Frankfort Special"
Tiny Timbrell – lead guitar, mandolin
Neal Matthews, Jr. – electric bass, guitar
Jimmie Haskell – accordion
Hoyt Hawkins – tambourine
Dudley Brooks – piano
Ray Siegel – double bass, tuba
D.J. Fontana – drums
 Frank Bode – drums on April 27 and April 28
 Bernie Mattinson – drums on May 6

Track listing

Original release

1997 CD reissue bonus tracks

2012 Follow That Dream release

2013 Café Europa Follow That Dream release

Chart positions

References

External links

LPM-2256 G.I. Blues Guide (monaural) part of The Elvis Presley Record Research Database
LSP-2256 G.I. Blues Guide (stereo) part of The Elvis Presley Record Research Database

1960 soundtrack albums
Elvis Presley soundtracks
RCA Victor soundtracks
Musical film soundtracks
Comedy film soundtracks