Irving Louis Horowitz (September 25, 1929 – March 21, 2012) was an American sociologist, author, and college professor who wrote and lectured extensively in his field, and his later years came to fear that it risked being seized by left-wing ideologues. He proposed a quantitative index for measuring a country's quality of life, and helped to popularize "Third World" as a term for the poorer nations of the Non-Aligned Movement. He was considered by many to be a neoconservative, although he maintained that he had no political adherence.

Early life and education
Horowitz was born in New York City on September 25, 1929, to Louis and Esther Tepper Horowitz. He was educated at City College of New York (now City College of the City University of New York, or CUNY), B.S., 1951; Columbia University, New York City, M.A., 1952; and the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Ph.D., 1957.

Academic positions and consultancies
After beginning his career as an assistant professor of social theory at the University of Buenos Aires, 1956–1958, Horowitz spent the next forty-plus years at various academic institutions in India, Tokyo, Mexico, and Canada. In addition to his teaching positions, he was an advisory staff member of the Latin American Research Center, 1964–1970; and consultant to the International Education Division, Ford Foundation, 1959-1960.

From 1963 to 1969, Horowitz was professor of sociology at Washington University in St. Louis. He has also been a visiting professor at Stanford University, the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Queen's University in Canada, and the University of California, and a Fulbright Lecturer in Argentina, Israel, and India; a member of the advisory board of the Institute for Scientific Information, 1969–1973; consulting editor for Oxford University Press, 1969–74, for Aldine-Atherton Publishers, 1969–1972; an external board member of the Radio Marti and Television Marti Programs of the United States Information Agency, beginning in 1985; chair of the board of the Hubert Humphrey Center, Ben Gurion University, Israel, 1990–1992; and served as an external board member of the methodology section of the research division, United States General Accounting Office. Horowitz's latest academic post was Hannah Arendt University Professor Emeritus of Sociology and Political Science at Rutgers University, since 1992.

Transaction Publishers and Society
He was the founding president of the Transaction Society, whose Transaction Publishers has been an international publisher of scholarly monographs, including academic monographs that need not have been viewed as profitable. He was the founding editor of Society, which published articles on sociology, politics, and social criticism. It has been purchased by Springer Verlag.

Scholarly contributions
As the author of more than twenty-five books and editor of numerous other titles, Horowitz analyzed such diverse topics as the influence of Sun Myung Moon and the Unification Church on American politics, the future of book publishing, and politics in Cuba. Horowitz was the founder of Studies in Comparative International Development. He was also chairman of Transaction Publishers.

Early in his career, Horowitz was a student of Leftist sociologist C. Wright Mills, a Texas-born professor at Columbia University whose most significant books include, White Collar, The Power Elite, and The Sociological Imagination. Horowitz edited two posthumous collections of Mills' work, including The cultural apparatus.

Over the several decades until his death Horowitz worked to develop a political sociology that can measure the extent of a society's personal freedom and State-sanctioned violence. As a result of his work, a standard for the quality of life in any particular nation or social system has been constructed based on the number of people arbitrarily killed, maimed, injured, incarcerated, or deprived of basic civil liberties. Horowitz tried to build a bridge between his current analysis of state power and authority and his earlier studies of comparative international stratification and development. He was key to introducing the phrase "Third World" into the lexicon of social research. Horowitz articulated the view that republication of previous publications in different formats is necessary in the social sciences to disseminate research results and make them useful to society.

Horowitz wrote about genocide: “First comes the act and then comes the word: first [the crime of] genocide is committed and then the language emerges to describe a phenomenon." He published lasting contributions on the subject, including Genocide: State power & mass murder; Taking lives: Genocide & state power; and "Genocide and the reconstruction of social theory: Observations on the exclusivity of collective death" in Armenian Review. Horowitz's last scholarly pieces on genocide were his preface to R. J. Rummel's Death by government, and his essay on state-sponsored terror, "Counting Bodies. The Dismal Science of Authorized Terror" in Patterns of Prejudice. In Summer 1994, a volume of essays in honour of Horowitz was published by Transaction Publishers.

In 1990, he published an autobiography, a brief "sociological biography" rather than one that is intellectual or intimate. This was Daydreams and nightmares:  Reflections on a Harlem childhood, for which he received the National Jewish Book Award in 1991. It is an unromanticized look at growing up as the son of Russian-Jewish immigrants in the streets of predominantly black Harlem, New York City, in the 1930s. Among his most recent books are Tributes: Personal reflections on a century of social research; and Behemoth: Main currents in the history and theory of political sociology.

A list of scholarly publications including more than two hundred works by Horowitz is found at the beta-version of Google Scholar.

Criticism of Marxist trends in sociology
Horowitz is noted for his 1994 work The Decomposition of Sociology, in which he argued that the discipline is in decline due to overly-ideological theory, a shift away from American sociology and toward European (particularly Marxist) trends which he labelled as "left-wing fascists" and "professional savages", and an apparent lack of relevance to policy making. He wrote: "The decomposition of sociology began when this great tradition became subject to ideological thinking, and an inferior tradition surfaced in the wake of totalitarian triumphs." Sociologist George Steinmetz challenged Horowitz. In a 2005 article in The Michigan Quarterly Review titled "The Cultural Contradictions of Irving Louis Horowitz", he wrote that "historical, cultural and geographic" context remained critical.

Personal life
In 1951, he married Ruth Narowlansky, with whom he had two children, Carl and David; they were divorced in 1964. He married Danielle Salti in 1964; the couple was divorced in 1978. He married Mary Ellen Curtis in 1979. He died on March 21, 2012. In 1973, Horowitz was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto II.

Honors and awards
Throughout his academic career, Horowitz received many awards, including a special citation from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace for his 1957 book, The Idea of War and Peace in Contemporary Philosophy; recognition by Time magazine as a leader of a new breed of radical sociologist; the Centennial Medallion from St. Peter's College, Jersey City, New Jersey, 1971, for outstanding contribution to a humanistic social science; and a Presidential Outstanding Achievement Award, 1985, from Rutgers University. He was a member of the Carnegie Council, American Association of Publishers, American Political Science Association, American Association for the Advancement of Science, and past president (1961–1962) of the New York State Sociological Society.

Selected works
 The Anarchists (1964)
 Winners and Losers: Social and Political Polarities in America (1984); a criticism of left-wing fascism
 Cuban Communism: 1959-2003. 11th edition.
 The Long Night of Dark Intent: A Half Century of Cuban Communism. Transaction Publishers (2011).
 The War Game, Transaction Publishers (2013), Edited and with a new Introduction,"Conflagration and Calculation," by Howard G. Schneiderman
 Professing Sociology: Studies in the Life Cycle of the Social Sciences, Transaction Publishers (2014), with a new Introduction - "Fugitive Thoughts Tamed," by Howard G. Schneiderman

References

Further reading

1929 births
2012 deaths
American sociologists
City College of New York alumni
Columbia University alumni
Historians of Cuba
Jewish sociologists
Rutgers University faculty
University of Buenos Aires alumni
Washington University in St. Louis faculty
Academic staff of Queen's University at Kingston


Pink Palace may refer to:

United States
 Jayne Mansfield's Pink Palace, Los Angeles, California
 363 Copa De Oro Road, Los Angeles, California
 Don CeSar, a hotel in St. Petersburg Beach, Florida
 Royal Hawaiian Hotel, Honolulu, Hawaii
 A house in Louisville, Kentucky; see
 Pink Palace Museum and Planetarium, Memphis, Tennessee
 Lake Stevens High School, in Lake Stevens, Washington
 Pink Palace (Washington, D.C.), a house listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.

Other places
 A 1970s–1980s nightclub in present-day Victoria Park Golf Clubhouse, Brisbane, Australia
 Ahsan Manzil, a palace in central Dhaka, Bangladesh
 Ontario Legislative Building, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 Hawa Mahal, a palace in Jaipur, India


Frederick S. Armitage  (June 19, 1874 in Seneca Falls, New York – January 3, 1933 in Ecorse, Michigan) was an early American motion picture cinematographer and director, working primarily for the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company. Often identified as "F.S. Armitage" in AM&B paperwork, Armitage had a hand in creating more than 400 often very short subjects for AM&B in the days where its films were made as much for the hand-crank operated Mutoscope device as for projection. Several of Armitage's subjects stand out from the company's regular routine of actualities and comic skits in their innovative use of camerawork, superimpositions, time-lapse photography and other effects then new to the art of film-making.

Biography

Very little is known of Armitage's life, other than he was born in Seneca Falls, New York; his earliest known credits date from 1898. It isn't until 1899 when Armitage begins to collect a substantial number of film credits; he is credited with photographing 188 AM&B subjects in 1899 alone. Several of the actualities Armitage filmed that year had to do with the end of the Spanish–American War, including views of the battleships which fought in it and the welcome home parade thrown for Admiral Dewey in New York City. On June 9, 1899, Armitage was one of three Biograph cameramen to photograph the heavyweight championship bout between Jim Jeffries and Tom Sharkey, the finished film running a then-record time of 135 minutes.

From 1900, Armitage began making a small number of films which utilized what would have then been considered trick effects; in two very similar subjects, The Prince of Darkness and A Terrible Night, Armitage reversed the negative so that the clothes a man removed seemed to be leaping back at him. In A Nymph of the Waves, Armitage combined two previously existing subjects in a printer in order to create a subject in which a dancer appeared to be floating on top of waves from Niagara Falls; Armitage used a similar technique in Davey Jones' Locker (1900). Armitage deliberately projected part of the negative in The Ghost Train (1901) and used time lapse photography—taken over a period of a month—in Demolishing and Building Up The Star Theater (1901). His most astonishing achievement, however, is the time-lapse subject Down the Hudson (1903), in which Armitage and fellow AM&B cinematographer A. E. Weed filmed a voyage down the Hudson River from Haverstraw Bay to Newburgh in single frames, producing a film lasting three minutes.

Among other interesting films that Armitage shot or directed during his AM&B period were some early martial arts films, films of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show, actress Anna Held, music-hall singer Eugénie Fougère, and a silent film of Sousa's Band, short chapters of attempted "story films" on the popular plays Ten Nights in a Bar-Room (1901) and The Wages of Sin (1901), a number of subjects of American landmarks for the U.S. Department of the Interior and films of Native American life for the agency then called the U.S. Indian Department.

Armitage's last known work for AM&B was as cinematographer on Wallace McCutcheon Sr.'s The Nihilists (1905) and Wanted: A Dog (1905). Shortly afterward, he and McCutcheon both defected to the Edison Manufacturing Company. Though McCutcheon would return to AM&B in 1907, Armitage remained at Edison through at least 1910, working as a cinematographer with directors Edwin S. Porter and J. Searle Dawley. His whereabouts afterward are unclear; Armitage is credited with the cinematography on two obscure states rights features in 1916–1917, and then he vanishes from the historical record completely, until his recorded death on January 3, 1933.

Legacy

Even a basic understanding of Frederick S. Armitage's contribution to film didn't get underway until the 1980s, with the work of Charles Musser, and a lot remains to be known about what he did and who he was. Nevertheless, interest has steadily grown since then; in 2002 Demolishing and Building Up The Star Theater was named to the Library of Congress' National Film Registry, and several of Armitage's films were incluTheded on a collection of pre-1943 American experimental films, Unseen Cinema, curated by Bruce Posner of the Anthology Film Archives.

Selective online filmography
 71st Regiment, Camp Wyckoff (1899)
 Fougere (1899)
 Governor Roosevelt and Staff (1899)
 “Grand Republic” passing “Columbia” (1899)
 Ladies Saddle Horses (1899)
 Park Davis’s Employees (1899)
 The Dandy Fifth (1899)
 The Dewey Arch (1899)
 The Serenaders (1899)
 15th Infantry (1900)
 A Nymph of the Waves (1900)
 Skating on Lake, Central Park (1900)
 Chimmie Hicks at the Races (1900)
 The Ghost Train (1901)
 Demolishing and Building Up The Star Theater (1901)
 Brook Trout Fishing (1902)
 Buffalo Bill's Wild West Parade (1902)
 Skating on Lake, Central Park (1902)
 Star Theatre (1902)
 Birth of the Pearl (1903)
 Cake Walk (1903)
 Comedy Cake Walk (1903)
 Parade of "Exempt" Firemen (1903)
 Ameta (1903)
 As In A Looking Glass (1903)
 Drill by Providence Police (1903)
 How Tommy got a pull on his Grandpa (1903)
 Noon Hour, Hope Webbing Co. (1903)
 Parade of “exempt” firemen (1903)
 Pawtucket Fire Department (1903)
 Bargain Day, 14th Street, New York (1905)

References

Bibliography
 </ref>

External links

Bio at Who's Who in Victorian Cinema
imdb entry on A Nymph of the Waves (1900)
Wiki entry on Above the Limit (1900)
Bioscope "Festival of Lost Films" on The Jeffries–Sharkey Contest (1899)
Unseen Cinema

1874 births
1933 deaths
American cinematographers
American film directors
American experimental filmmakers
American cinema pioneers


Sabah People's United Front or in Malay Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah is more commonly known by its abbreviation BERJAYA, was a political party based in the state of Sabah, Malaysia. BERJAYA was formed by former United Sabah National Organisation (USNO) secretary-general Harris Salleh who was later joined by Fuad Stephens, who served as the first Chief Minister of Sabah as well as president of the United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (UPKO). Stephens became the fifth Chief Minister after BERJAYA won the 1976 state election in April but died in June the same year, being succeeded by Salleh. The party had been a partner of Barisan Nasional (BN), the then ruling coalition of Malaysia since its inception on 15 July 1975.

BERJAYA governed the state of Sabah for 8 years from 1976 to 1985 after it managed to win the 1976 state election and oust USNO, Fuad was installed as Sabah's fifth Chief Minister, his second time holding the post. He replaced Mohammad Said Keruak of USNO. However, barely 44 days after becoming Chief Minister, Fuad died in a plane crash in Kota Kinabalu on 6 June 1976, known as the Double Six Tragedy. Along with him, several other state ministers also perished. Harris then took over his post, becoming the sixth Chief Minister of Sabah.

In the 1981 state election, BERJAYA again won, this time with an overwhelming majority. They won 44 out of 48 seats contested. In 1984, party member Joseph Pairin Kitingan left the party to form Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS). This newly formed party defeated BERJAYA in the 1985 state election.

In the 1990 state election, BERJAYA's support has evidently dwindled as they failed to win a single seat in the election and it was ousted by United Sabah Party (PBS). The party then effected a merger with USNO to form the Sabah chapter of the Peninsular-based United Malays National Organisation (UMNO). USNO's president Tun Mustapha Harun became Sabah UMNO's first president, while Harris became an adviser to the party.

History
On 23 April 1975, Mustapha Harun, chief minister of Sabah from the USNO party, announced a memorandum named "The Future Position of Sabah in Malaysia" where he argued that Sabah would be economically better if Sabah exists as an independent country. Malaysia's federal government decided to sponsor the formation of a new party named BERJAYA with Harris Salleh, former dissident vice-president of USNO as its founder. The federal government also persuaded Fuad Stephens, the governor of Sabah at that time, to resign from the governorship and join Harris in fighting against USNO. Both BERJAYA and USNO were within the Barisan Nasional (BN) governing coalition at the federal level but BERJAYA became the opposition at the state level, opposing USNO. The rivalry of the two parties ended in 1976 Sabah state election when BERJAYA emerged victorious against USNO.

Election results

See also
:Category:Sabah People's United Front politicians

References

Defunct political parties in Sabah
1976 establishments in Malaysia
1991 disestablishments in Malaysia
Political parties established in 1976
Political parties disestablished in 1991


Eastern Territories may refer to:

Nazi Germany
 Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, the "incorporated eastern territories" (Eingegliederte Ostgebieten)
 Reichskommissariat Ostland, the civilian occupation regime in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), in the northeastern part of Poland and in the western part of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
 The occupied eastern territories (besetzten Ostgebiete) in the Soviet Union under the nominal administration of the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories

Post-war Germany
 Former eastern territories of Germany (Ehemalige deutsche Ostgebiete)

Poland
 Kresy, former eastern territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union in 1945


The Ukrainian Skycutter is a breed of pigeon (also known as Polish Orlik or Lublin Orlik) that has been developed for high flying. It is a variety of domesticated rock dove (Columba liva).  This breed of high flying tippler was developed by centuries of breeding.

The Ukrainian Skycutter does not travel well, often getting trapped in Poland, the confussed Skycutter then takes an extended migration route north westerly towards the UK before rerouting through the Tatra mountains continuing its migration to Ukraine. This journey can often take upto a week.

History
This breed originates from the Crimean peninsula in Ukraine. The first documented standard for these birds was set up in Nikolaev, a city in Southern Ukraine.

Another explanation suggests that this breed was developed by Polish pigeon raisers in interwar Poland, based on a Russian pigeon breed.

Varieties
Ukrainian skycutters are actually different breeds of pigeons put together. Some of these breeds include nikolajevski bocatzy and nikolajevski torzovi.

Flying

This breed of tippler can obtain altitudes of one kilometer and remain there for an extended period of time. Unlike rollers, this breed flies straight up from their loft or coop, never in a circling motion.

Diet
The domesticated rock dove is a grain eater. A staple diet must contain 12%-17% protein and poultry grit.

References

External links

 Fascinating Orliks
 Ukrainian Pigeons

Pigeon breeds originating in Ukraine


The E.W. Marland Mansion is a  Mediterranean Revival-style mansion located in Ponca City, Oklahoma, United States. Built by oil baron and philanthropist Ernest Whitworth (E.W.) Marland, as a display of wealth at the peak of the 1920s oil boom, the house is one of the largest residences in the southwestern United States, and is known as the "Palace on the Prairie."  It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973, and is now a museum open to the public.

Architecture
The Marland Mansion was built on the side of a small hill, higher on the west side than on the east, in an abandoned stone quarry that determined the placement for the mansion, as the excavations for the quarry was used for the construction of the swimming pool. Designed by prominent Tulsa architect John Duncan Forsyth, the mansion was constructed between 1925 and 1928, and influenced by the Palazzo Davanzati in Florence, Italy that Marland had visited while traveling in Europe. Crafted from light-colored, rusticated limestone blocks, quarried on-site, and set in concrete on a steel frame, the roughly u-shaped layout is 78 feet wide and 184 feet long. The main entrance is found on the west front and features an arched and buttressed porte-cochère with gabled, clay tiled roof, that shelters the arched, 11-panel, double wood entrance doors custom-made in New York. Under each of the four inside corners of the porte-cochère are sculptures of Marland's four hunting dogs, carved by Italian sculptor, Ernest G. Pellegrini. The windows with black painted metal surrounds, to contrast with the light colored stone, are asymmetrically arranged. The first level windows feature wrought iron grill work, while those on the second level are smaller, or have wrought iron balconies.

Large raised terraces are found on the north, south and east fronts, however they do not interconnect. The south front's notable features include triple arched windows giving an arcaded effect and accented with stone balconies with flower carved corbels that flank the facade on the upper level. The drainage system is also exposed and displays the Marland monogram and the date "1927." The water from the system drains through a sculptured carving of Pan into a water feature located in a niche in the side of the terrace wall. Giving access to the terrace is a semicircular arched glass and wrought iron double doorway. The fanlight features a sunburst pattern with the tracery continuing down into the sidelights and doors with vertical bars. The arched doorway is replicated on the north facade in a set of three, continuing the arcaded effect. This arcade is highlighted by a stone cantilevered staircase to the left, with ornately carved corbels of mythological creatures leading to a second floor balcony adjacent to E.W. Marland's quarters. The east front is the only one that features a symmetrical facade, and where all three stories are evident due to the house being built on a hill. The first level has a set of three arched doorways that enclose a lounge directly below a terrace found on the second level, centered by a single arched entryway. On the third level are flanking rectangular windows with wrought iron balconies, mirroring those on the west front, centered by three small square shaped fenestrations.

The overhanging hipped roof, with stone corbeling along the roof line, features red clay tiles pierced by five large stone chimneys topped with Mediterranean style chimney caps. There was a sixth chimney situated on the north side of the house towards the rear that was destroyed in a storm and never rebuilt.

Interior

First floor
The mansion is spread out over three floors featuring a total of 55 rooms, including 10 bedrooms, 12 bathrooms, 7 fireplaces, and 3 kitchens illuminated by 861 light bulbs. The layout of the house is generally a central hall plan, and as a result of being built on the side of a hill, the entrance hall is located on the second floor. Defining the space is a large stone arch flanked by two lower rectangular openings, through which a short flight of stairs lead to a landing behind the arch featuring a balustrade. Overhead are gilded domed ceilings, and the space is embellished with two stone carved night owls, peering out of the stairway niches through glowing red eyes. Below the arch, a grand stairway leads down to the first level, and to the Hall of Merriment. The hall is named due to the four whimsical carvings of men representing "Eat, drink and be merry," with the fourth figure taking a pinch of snuff. The hall today is the site of the Carl and Carolyn Renfro Gallery that feature replicas of the twelve statues entered in a competition to depict the Pioneer Woman.

To the left of the hall is the service area of the house including the main kitchen where a majority of the cooking was done, the staff dining room and pantry. On the right was originally a handball court for the amusement of family and friends, but has been re-purposed as the administrative offices for the Estate and the National Petroleum Hall of Fame. At the far eastern side of the house are two lounges, the inner lounge known as the Winter Room, and the outer lounge known as the Summer Room. The Winter Room has a large fireplace with a hearth that hides a small entry to a panic room that could have been used by the family during any dangerous situations. Above the concrete beams of the ceiling are decorated with artwork tracing the history of Oklahoma from the days of the pre-Columbian Native Americans through the discovery of oil by Marland Oil Company. The third kitchen is also located in this room and is known as the Hunt Kitchen as this is where guest assembled for breakfast before the fox hunts. Adjacent to the Hunt Kitchen is the secret Poker Room that concealed a hidden Whiskey Room and door to the 550 foot tunnel leading to the Boat House and Artist Studio. The ceilings in the Summer Lounge were designed and painted by Vincent Maragliotti free of charge and pay homage to the spirit of the 1920s.

Second floor
The principal rooms of the house are located on the second floor. To the left of the entrance hall is the Elizabethan formal dining room featuring wall panels of hand-cut pollard oak cut from an English royal forest, as well as a suspended cast plaster barrel ceiling that was molded at bench level, and then hoisted and wired into position to the structural beams. Adjacent to the dining room is a small octagonal-shaped breakfast room with plaster work representing the Tree of Life on the walls, and a service kitchen that featured once state-of-the-art appliances and counters made of Monel.

Accessed by a curved double staircase in the entrance hall, a multiple arched loggia with vaulted ceilings, featuring hand painted chinoiserie canvases, and a terrazzo floor with each tile individually poured between brass dividers, runs through the center of the house to the ballroom. Flanking the loggia are the sun room and living room where Marland displayed his collection of tapestries, paintings and works of art. The spacious ballroom features an ornate coffered ceiling that was gilded in $80,000 of gold leaf, and lit from imported Waterford crystal chandeliers with wrought iron bases that originally cost $15,000 each. To replace the ceiling and chandeliers today would cost an estimated $2 million. On the north wall are family portraits surrounding a large fireplace.

Third floor
The third floor, where the family's private quarters are found, is accessed by a spacious stone staircase with wrought iron railings, or by the original Otis elevator lined with buffalo leather; one of the first to be installed in the state of Oklahoma. E.W. Marland's wood paneled bedroom was done in the English Tudor-style, and features a carved wood mantel with two of Marland's favorite polo mounts. The room is filled with many original pieces of furniture that have been returned to the house over the years. The connecting bathroom includes an electric sauna, believed to be one of the first in the United States. The library was Marland's private study and was the headquarters for his campaign when running for the office of Governor of Oklahoma. Noteworthy in this room are the bookshelves that are topped with giant seashell designs, replicas of those found in the Oval Office of the White House. The Louis XV-style bedroom of his wife, Lydie Marland, is lined with imported lime-wood hand-carved panels with rounded corners, and a fireplace carved from Italian pink marble. There are a number of guest suites and bedrooms on this floor as well, including one named after Will Rogers where it is believed he stayed during his visits to the mansion.

Grounds

The grounds of the Marland Mansion are currently composed of  of gardens, lakes and ancillary buildings spread throughout the estate. The original buildings were designed to complement the main house with rough-hewn stone facades and red clay tile roofs. Lydie's Cottage was originally the chauffeur's quarters with garage space attached for the Marland's carriages and cars. Several architectural elements used in the mansion can be found in the cottage including a wood beam ceiling and a fish-scale stone floor in the entry. The house was remodeled by Forsyth with the addition of a bedroom and bathroom in the former carriage area, and the Marlands moved-in upon the sale of the mansion in 1941. E.W. Marland died here six months later of a heart condition, while Lydie Marland continued to live in the house, off and on, until her death in 1987. The cottage today contains the Marland Family Exhibit, that includes photos and artifacts from the family's presence in Pennsylvania and Oklahoma.

South of the cottage, is the Artist Studio featuring a two-story peaked roof structure on the south and north, with two one-story galleries and an arched walkway in between. Built for Jo Davidson, sculptor of the Marland family statues, the beams of the studio were recycled from one of Marland's first oil derricks. The south wing houses the Bryant Baker Gallery featuring 44 bronze and plaster maquettes and busts of Bryant Baker's work. Bryant Baker was the sculptor of the Pioneer Woman Statue, which was commissioned by Marland and is located in Ponca City. Also, a room in the gallery displays information and drawings of the architect, John Duncan Forsyth, who designed the estate, as well as many other homes in Ponca City and Tulsa. The Oil Museum is located in the north wing of the Artist Studio and showcases the history of the Marland Oil Company in the early 20th-century. The studio is connected to the mansion by a tunnel via the Boat House.

The Boat House is the location of a large underground wine cellar that is accessed by a safe door. It also functioned as a storage area for the boats that were used for the enjoyment of guest and family. Once on the edge of one of five lakes on the estate, this body of water along with three other lakes, and the T-shaped Olympic-sized pool, were filled in by a successive owner. Lake Whitemarsh is the only remaining lake, and named after Marland's yacht, which in turn was named for a lake in Marland's hometown of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

History
At the height of the 1920s oil boom, E.W. Marland who controlled one tenth of the world's oil, set about building a home that was befitting of his new station in life. The mansion was built on a  estate on the edge of town, and named The Refuge by Marland. Construction of the house began in 1925, employing dozens of European craftsmen, and was completed in 1928 at a cost of $5.5 million. Artwork and antique furnishings were purchased from around the world to fill the large mansion and gardens including French limestone sculptures of the family.

E.W. Marland opened his estate on June 2, 1928, to invited friends and family, who enjoyed a luncheon and an afternoon of equestrian events such as polo and fox hunting which he had introduced to Oklahoma. Due to a hostile takeover of his company in 1928 by J. P. Morgan Jr., the Marlands only enjoyed living in the mansion until 1931, as the operation of the large dwelling depleted their much reduced finances. Moving into the Artist Studio on the estate, the mansion was only opened for special occasions, such as the Inaugural Ball to celebrate Marland becoming Oklahoma's 10th governor in 1935. Just six months prior to his death, Marland sold the estate to the Discalced Carmelite Fathers in 1941 for just $66,000. Marland kept the former chauffeur cottage and surrounding land, leaving them to Lydie in his will.

In 1948, the Fathers sold the estate to the Sisters of St. Felix who operated a private high school on the grounds. During their tenure, they built a number of structures on the grounds, though all have been removed except for Angela Hall, built in 1958, and still operating as a school. The Felician Sisters moved to New Mexico in 1975, and sold the estate to the City of Ponca City and Continental Oil Company, which transferred their partial ownership to the city, for $1.5 million. The mansion was opened to the public the following year, and since then has undergone continued renovation to restore the estate to its former grandeur.

It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1977.

See also
List of largest houses in the United States

References

External links

Marland Estate - official site
Marland Mansion info, photos and video on TravelOK.com Official travel and tourism website for the State of Oklahoma
 Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory

Architecture in Oklahoma
Biographical museums in Oklahoma
Historic house museums in Oklahoma
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Oklahoma
Mediterranean Revival architecture in Oklahoma
Museums in Kay County, Oklahoma
National Historic Landmarks in Oklahoma
National Register of Historic Places in Kay County, Oklahoma


The Global Security Institute (GSI) is a largely private (though partly bipartisan), non-governmental international organization with a mission to  eliminate nuclear weapons through international cooperation and security. It aims to influence national laws, seeking to accomplish its mission by focusing on nuclear arms control, non-proliferation, and disarmament.

History
The Institute was founded by US Senator Alan Cranston in October 1999. He believed that nuclear weapons are "impractical, unacceptably risky, and unworthy of civilization."

Leadership
The current leadership of the Institute is as follows:
Kim Cranston – Chair of the Board, elected in 2000 after the passing of his father
Jonathan Granoff – President

Programs
The Institute currently consists of four well-defined programs:
Bipartisan Security Group  – constituencies include members of the United States Congress and their staff
Disarmament and Peace Education  – constituencies include citizens and leaders in the global community
Middle Powers Initiative  – constituencies include heads of government and diplomats, primarily in Brazil, Egypt, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand, South Africa, and Sweden
Parliamentary Network for Nuclear Disarmament  – constituencies include legislators around the world

References

External links
Global Security Institute

Anti-nuclear organizations
Organizations_established_in_1999
1999 establishments in the United States


Highway 10 is a road in the South District of Israel. It is one of the longest routes in Israel, extending for nearly the entire border of Israel with Egypt from the Gaza Strip in the north to Sayarim junction in the south. Under a military security advisory, its entire 113-mile length is almost permanently off-limits to civilian traffic.

Features
The route begins in the north with the communities of Hevel Eshkol in the west, nearest to the Sinai Desert. The northern terminus is the intersection with Route 232 near Kerem Shalom. From there, it continues south adjacent to the border with Egypt. It passes by Nitzana and the Nitzana border crossing.

Highway 10 intersects with Route 211, which leads east toward Yeruham and Sde Boker. Farther south, Highway 10 intersects with Route 171, which leads east toward Mizpe Ramon.

The route continues south until Sayarim junction, where it meets Highway 12 in the mountains near Eilat. Highway 12 continues south to Eilat.

Partial rerouting
A rerouting of part of the highway was approved by Israeli planning authorities in 2012. A 30-kilometer-long section of the highway will be relocated east, further away from Israel's border with Egypt than the original route. Originally, the plan had called for two lanes of traffic in either direction. After appeals from the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel and other conservationists, who argued that the new highway would profoundly impact the local dune-based environment, the plan was modified to one traffic lane in either direction.

Junctions (south to north)

See also
 List of highways in Israel

References

10


Berjaya is a former political party based in Sabah, Malaysia.

Berjaya may also refer to:

Berjaya Air, an airline based in Malaysia
Berjaya Group, a Malaysian-based company


ACT-I-VATE was an American webcomics collective based on an original idea by Dean Haspiel and founded by Haspiel and seven other cartoonists. It started out on the blogging platform Livejournal, and then moved to its own dedicated website.

The ACT-I-VATE collective featured serialized graphic novels from over twenty-five hand-picked professional cartoonists (each of whom generally added a new episode weekly), and was updated daily. ACT-I-VATE members included Haspiel, Nick Bertozzi, Michel Fiffe, Dan Goldman, Tim Hamilton, Josh Neufeld, Leland Purvis, Mike Cavallaro, Kevin Colden, Molly Crabapple, Darryl Cunningham, Mike Dawson, Ulises Fariñas, Simon Fraser, Tom Hart, Roger Langridge, Jason Little, Paul Maybury, Warren Pleece, Palle Schmidt, Paul Peart-Smith, Dean Trippe, and Chip Zdarsky.

ACT-I-VATE's artists were unpaid, and produced their work without editorial oversight. ACT-I-VATE was also free to view. In addition to the high-quality comics, the site was known for its vocal community of readers and the lengthy discussion threads between artist and reader.

In 2009, IDW Publishing released The Act-i-vate Primer, a Harvey Award-nominated anthology featuring 16 original comics stories by members of the collective.

History

Origins
ACT-I-VATE debuted on February 1, 2006, with eight cartoonists, and added four more members on April 5, 2006. The collective gradually added new hand-picked cartoonists at a regular rate to the point the membership reached in excess of 50 creators.

From the web to print
ACT-I-VATE rose to prominence when many of its artists, including Haspiel, Michel Fiffe, Mike Cavallaro, Dan Goldman, and Nick Bertozzi, began to receive publishing deals. Haspiel and  Fiffe's three-issue mini-series, Brawl, a "creature romance double feature" featuring Haspiel's Immortal (starring Billy Dogma) and Fiffe's Panorama, which both originated on ACT-I-VATE, was published by Image Comics in the Fall of 2007. Similarly, Parade (with Fireworks), by Mike Cavallaro, began on ACT-I-VATE, was first excerpted in New York magazine and was later published by Image.

Act-i-vate members Ulises Fariñas, Michel Fiffe, Dean Haspiel, Tim Hamilton, Dan Goldman, Paul Maybury, and Nikki Cook all had work published in Image Comics' Popgun anthology vol. 2, published in July 2008.

The Act-i-vate Primer
The Act-i-vate Primer, published in October 2009 by IDW, was edited by Dean Haspiel & Scott Dunbier, and featured a foreword by Warren Ellis. The book's 16 original comics were by Roger Langridge, Mike Dawson, Nick Bertozzi, Tim Hamilton, Dean Haspiel, Pedro Camargo, Mike Cavallaro, Molly Crabapple, Jim Dougan, Ulises Fariñas, Michel Fiffe, Maurice Fontenot, Simon Fraser, Jennifer Hayden, Joe Infurnari, John Leavitt, Hyeondo Park, and Leland Purvis.

The Act-i-vate Primer was covered by, among others, The New York Times, Comic Critique, and Comic Book Resources; and was named to Heeb's top ten comics for the year. It was nominated for a Harvey Award for Best Anthology.

Demise
In 2015 the site had a serious outage. It was restored from backups, but the hosting company was not able to get it working as it had before. The codebase for the site was out of date and filled with bugs, and the original programmers were no longer able to maintain it.

In 2016, the site administrator (at that point cartoonist Simon Fraser, working on a volunteer basis and with little available resources), came to the conclusion that shutting down the site was the only recourse. The archived site remained at its original URL through 2018 and officially went dead on January 28, 2019.

Titles (selected)

 Aggro by Simon Fraser
 Ass Meat by Simon Fraser
 Ayn Rand by Darryl Cunningham
 Backstage by John Leavitt and Molly Crabapple
 Barney Banks: Extra Life! by Tom Hart
 Beanbots by Kevin Kobasic
 The Black Feather Falls by Ellen Lindner
 Borb by Jason Little
 Cartoon Boy by John Kerschbaum
 Come the Dawn by Jim Dougan and Hyeondo Park
 Corinthian Diary by Glynnis Fawkes
 Cover Art by Leland Purvis
 Culture Pop by Seth Kushner
 Deja Voodoo by Simon Fraser, Dan Goldman, and Michel Fiffe
 Diaspora by Cristian Ortiz
 Drockleberry by Andrew Dimitt
 Easy Pieces by Neil Dvorak
 The End is Here by Thomas Baehr
 Everywhere by Chris Miskiewicz and Andrew Wendel
 The Falconer by Yana Adamovic (based on a short story by Vladimir Lazovic)
 Farseeker by Dirk Manning and Len O'Grady
 Fear, My Dear by Dean Haspiel
 Fever Dream by Kat Roberts
 Fish Everywhere by Palle Schmidt
 Fishtown by Kevin Colden — Xeric Award-winner
 The Fist by Darryl Cunningham
 Flowing Wells by Andrew Dimitt
 Gang of Fools by James Smith
 Glam by Pedro Camargo
 Ghost Pimp by Maurice Fontenot
 Girl Mercury by Ulises Fariñas
 Golden Campaign by Cristian Ortiz
 The Golem's Voice by David G. Klein
 Hairkut by Dan Goldman
 Hebi no Hadi by Rami Efal
 Hippy Days by Sam Henderson
 How I Built My Father by Rob Davis
 The Homeric Hymn to Dionysos by Glynnis Fawkes
 Immortal by Dean Haspiel
 Iphigenia in Taurus by Glynnis Fawkes
 Jack & Max by Mike Dawson
 Kelly by Dan Goldman
 Lilly MacKenzie and the Mines of Charybdis by Simon Fraser
 Lilly MacKenzie and the Treasure of Pars by Simon Fraser
 Lionel's Lament by Dean Haspiel and Josh Neufeld
 Love & Zombies by Ryan Roman
 Loviathan by Mike Cavallaro
 Machismo Monitor! by Jim Dougan and Roger Langridge
 A Mess of Everything by Miss Lasko-Gross
 A Mid-Autumn Night's Dream by Robin Ha
 Montague Terrace by Warren Pleece
 Mosquito Beach by Robin Ha
 Motel Art Improvement Service by Jason Little
 Motro by Ulises Fariñas
 Mugwhump the Great by Roger Langridge
 My Family and Other Gypsies by Rob Davis
 Never Forget Never Forgive by Rami Efal
 A New Elegant Universe by Ulises Fariñas
 Nilharity by Shannon Wheeler
 Nombril by Leland Purvis
 Now It Can Be Told by Scott Shaw!
 One Plus One by Paul Peart-Smith
 Orifice by Jen Tong
 Panorama by Michel Fiffe
 Parade (with Fireworks) by Mike Cavallaro
 Party Bear by Paul Maybury
 Pecan Sandy by Nick Bertozzi
 Persimmon Cup by Nick Bertozzi
 Pet Sitter by Tim Hamilton
 Post-Punk & Pirates by Gideon Kendall
 Power Out by Nathan Schreiber
 Pregnant Butch by A. K. Summers
 The Prince and the Pooper by Dov Torbin
 Rest Stop by Jim Dougan and Michel Fiffe
 The Revolution Will Be Televised by Dov Torbin
 Rudolph! by Lucie Arnoux
 Sack of Puppies by Nikki Cook
 Sam & Lilah by Jim Dougan and Hyeondo Park
 Schmuck by Seth Kushner and Kevin Colden
 S'crapbook by Jennifer Hayden
 Sex Planet by Dean Haspiel
 Shrooms by Gideon Kendall
 Sleazy Pizza by Ryan Roman
 Space Sucks by Pedro Camargo
 The Streets of San Diablo by Darryl Cunningham
 The Sultan's Daughter by Glynnis Fawkes
 Tales of the Floating Elephant by Tim Hamilton
 Texas Kid by Igor Kordej
 The Torturer's Garden by Rob Davis
 Troop 142 by Mike Dawson
 ULTRA-Lad! by Joe Infurnari
 Uncle Bob and the Martian Invasion by Darryl Cunningham
 Uncle Bob on Skull Island by Darryl Cunningham
 Underwire by Jennifer Hayden
 Uplift the Postivicals by Tim Hall and Jen Ferguson
 The Vagabonds by Josh Neufeld
 The Voyage of the James Caird by Nick Bertozzi
 Vulcan & Vishnu by Leland Purvis
 Wake by Dean Trippe
 Whatzit by Gideon Kendall
 Zdarsky-verse by Chip Zdarsky
 Zegas by Michel Fiffe

References

External links
 Official ACT-I-VATE website, archived at the Wayback Machine

 The ACT-I-VATE Experience, documentary by Carlos Molina and Seth Kushner

Webcomic publishing companies
American artist groups and collectives
Comics groups and collectives


Mount Petrie is a mountain in the south east of the city of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.  The 170 metre rise is sometimes referred to as Petrie Hill. It elevates semi-rural residential parts in the suburbs of Mackenzie and Burbank.

The mountain was named after Andrew Petrie Superintendent of Works, Moreton Bay Colony, who climbed it to get his bearings when lost in the bush in the company of the Commandant of Moreton Bay Colony Major Cotton in 1838. It is believed that this was the first climbing of this mountain by white men.

The southern summit of the mountain has an abandoned triangulation station with a collapsed radio tower, while the top of the mountain has a trig tower for taking bearings and measurements. At the top of the mountain one can get great views of Brisbane and Moreton Bay.

For many years the undeveloped bushland around this hilly area was empty, except for the occasional dirt track. This was partly due to the proximity to the Belmont Rifle Range, around which access is restricted for safety reasons. The bushlands near Mount Petrie are an important habitat for koala, wallaby, and echidna colonies.

A few kilometres east of Mount Petrie is the Leslie Harrison Dam. This places the large hill in the catchment area for Redland City, another reason that development has been curtailed in this part of the city.

The construction of permanent facilities for the Western Corridor Recycled Water Project in 2008 had a significant impact on the bushland on the mountain.

The other two tallest mountains in Brisbane are Mount Coot-tha and Mount Gravatt.  The Gateway Motorway passes a few kilometres to the west of the mountain.

1942 DH-86 aircraft crash
On 20 February 1942, a Qantas de Havilland 86 passenger aircraft, VH-USE "Sydney", crashed into the base of Mount Petrie, killing all nine people on board.

See also

 Mount Cotton

References

Geography of Brisbane
Petrie


Alexandro Álvarez Olivares (born January 26, 1977 in Mexico City) is a retired Mexican professional footballer.

Honours
Necaxa
FIFA Club World Cup: Third Place - 2000

Morelia
Supercopa MX (1): 2014

References

External links

1977 births
Living people
Men's association football goalkeepers
Mexican men's footballers
Mexico men's under-20 international footballers
Club Necaxa footballers
Celaya F.C. footballers
Santos Laguna footballers
C.D. Veracruz footballers
Coronel Bolognesi footballers
Club Puebla players
Atlético Morelia players
Atlético San Luis footballers
Mexican expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Peru
Liga MX players


(born July 15, 1962 in Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese writer, primarily of fantasy books, for which she has won many awards.

Uehashi is also Professor of Ethnology at Kawamura Gakuen Women's University, having completed a PhD focusing on the Yamatji, an indigenous Australian people.

Biography
Uehashi's career as a writer started in 1989. Her first book was . She then wrote the novel . This novel received an award from the Japanese Association of Writers for Children, which made her one of the famous Japanese-fantasy authors.

In 1996, she published the first book of her Moribito series, . The novel received the Noma Children's Literature New Face Prize and the Sankei Children's Culture and Publishing award and the English translation was awarded the Mildred L. Batchelder Award in 2009. In 1999, Uehashi published the second book of the Moribito series, . With this novel she received the Japanese Association of Writers for Children's award. In 2002 The Guardian series won the Iwaya Sazanami literature award, and in 2003,  won another Japanese award from the Shogakukan publishing company. Then, in 2003, Uehashi wrote the novel , which received a Noma Children's Literature award. In 2006 she wrote the two volume , which she complemented with two more volumes in 2009.

Both Moribito: Guardian of the Spirit and the first two volumes of The Beast Player have had anime adaptations, in 2007 and 2009, respectively. Moribito: Guardian of the Spirit has also been made into a radio drama and The Beast Player into a manga. The first two books in the series were translated to English and won the Mildred L. Batchelder Award from the American Library Association, the first volume in 2009, and the second, in 2010.

For her "lasting contribution" as a children's writer, Uehashi won the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2014.
Announced late in March, it will be presented on 10 September at the annual conference of the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) in Mexico City.
According to the IBBY jury chaired by María Jesús Gil of Spain, "Uehashi tells stories that are replete with imagination, culture and the beauty of a sophisticated process and form. Her literary subjects are based on ancient Japanese mythology and science-fiction fantasy that are deeply rooted in human reality."

She has been called "a highly popular fantasy writer for young adults" in Japan.

Works in English translation
 Moribito series (Guardian series)
Moribito: Guardian of the Spirit (original title: Seirei no Moribito), translated by Cathy Hirano (Arthur A. Levine Books, June 2008)
 Moribito II: Guardian of the Darkness (original title: Yami no Moribito), translated by Cathy Hirano (Arthur A. Levine Books, May 2009)
The Beast Player
The Beast Player (original title: Kemono no Sōja), translated by Cathy Hirano (Henry Holt and Co., March 2019)
The Beast Warrior (original title: Kemono no Sōja), translated by Cathy Hirano (Henry Holt and Co., July 2020)

Bibliography

The Guardian series

Novels
 , 1996
 Kaiseisha, July 1996,
 Shincho Bunko, March 2007,
 , 1999
 Kaiseisha, January 1999,
 Shincho Bunko, July 2007,
 , 2000
 Kaiseisha, May 2000,
 Shincho Bunko, December 2007,
 , 2001
 Kaiseisha, July 2001,
 Shincho Bunko, July 2008,
 , 2003
 Kaiseisha, January 2003,
 Shincho Bunko, August 2009,
 , 2003
 Kaiseisha, January 2003,
 Shincho Bunko, August 2009,
 , 2005
 Kaiseisha, April 2005,
 Shincho Bunko, August 2010,
 , 2006
 Kaiseisha, November 2006,
 Shincho Bunko, May 2011,
 , 2007
 Kaiseisha, January 2007,
 Shincho Bunko, May 2011,
 , 2007
 Kaiseisha, February 2007,
 Shincho Bunko, May 2011,
Short story collections
 , 2008
 Kaiseisha, April 2008,
 Shincho Bunko, August 2013,
 , 2012
 Kaiseisha, January 2012,

The Beast Player series

Novels
 , 2006
 Kodansha, November 2006,
 Kodansha Bunko, August 2009,
 , 2006
 Kodansha, November 2006,
 Kodansha Bunko, August 2009,
 , 2009
 Kodansha, August 2009,
 Kodansha Bunko, August 2012,
 , 2009
 Kodansha, August 2009,
 Kodansha Bunko, August 2012,
Short story collection
 , 2010
 Kodansha, September 2010,
 Kodansha Bunko, October 2013,

The Deer King series

Novels
 Shika no o jokan: ikinokotta mono (The Deer King I: Survivors), 2014
 Part 1
 Kadokawa, June 2017,
 Part 2
 Kadokawa, June 2017,
 Shikano o gekan: kaette iku mono (The Deer King II: Returnees), 2014
 Part 1
 Kadokawa, July 2017,
 Part 2
 Kadokawa, July 2017,
 Shika no o: minasoko no hashi (The Deer King : Bridge Underwater), 2019
 Kadokawa, March 2019,

Standalone fantasy novels
 , 1989
 Kaiseisha, 1989,
 Kaiseisha, 2004,  (revised edition)
In the far future, when the earth was completely polluted and people could no longer live on it, human beings spread out onto other planets. For the Planet Nira, where Shin Yamano lives, it's the 200th anniversary since humans first settled on it. But something is wrong. Shin's cousin Licia suddenly awakens to the ESP-like ability of the Roshnars, an aboriginal tribe of Nira that was said to have been extinct ages ago....
 , 1991
 Kaiseisha, 1991,
 Kaiseisha Bunko, 2000,
Torn between the love of the god of the Moon Forest and the need of her tribe to kill the very same god, the young oracle girl Kishime is distressed. Her tribe talks of killing the god and felling the sacred forest for rich harvest. But should she listen to the urgent needs of her tribe, or should she fulfill her duty as the oracle of the god of the forest?
 , 2003
 Rironsha, 2003,
 Shincho Bunko, 2006,
The young girl, Sayo has inherited the ability of "hearing" people's minds from her mother. In her childhood, she had once saved a fox cub from some hunter's hounds. But that fox was a werefox that lives between the world of the gods and this world, owned by human, sent to kill a lord. Despite her will, Sayo is dragged into the ugly fight between two countries...

Ethnology
 , 2000
 Chikuma Shobo, May 2000,
 Chikuma Bunko, September 2010,
Uehashi's only book as an ethnologist. About Aborigines who live in town with the white-skinned Australians. When you first look at them, these people seem to have no difference from the white Australians, but something is different....

References

External links
 Nahoko Uehashi Official Website
 Moribito novels
 Moribito anime
 Nahoko Uehashi at J'Lit Books from Japan

1962 births
Japanese children's writers
Japanese women children's writers
Japanese ethnologists
Japanese fantasy writers
Rikkyo University alumni
Hans Christian Andersen Award for Writing winners
Living people


CHRISTUS Health is an international Catholic, faith-based, not-for-profit health system comprising almost 350 services and facilities, including more than 60 hospitals and long-term care facilities, 175 clinics and outpatient centers and dozens of other health ministries and ventures. Its corporate headquarters are in Irving, Texas.

CHRISTUS Health services can be found in 60 cities in Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Georgia, and New Mexico in the U.S.; also, in the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Health Network in Santiago, Chile, and Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, and Tamaulipas in Mexico. The system employs approximately 30,000 people and has more than 9,500 physicians.

History
The present company was formed on January 28, 1999 by the merger of Houston's Sisters of Charity Health Care System and San Antonio's Incarnate Word Health System; however its history extends back to 1866, with the founding of St. Mary's Hospital in Galveston, Texas, by the Sisters of Charity religious institute.

Another significant merger came in 2016 when CHRISTUS merged with Trinity Mother Frances Hospitals and Clinics (itself the product of a merger of two Catholic-based systems), giving it a major presence in East Texas.

Awards
 Palladium Balanced Scorecard Hall of Fame for Executing Strategy (2015)

References

External links
 CHRISTUS Health

Medical and health organizations based in Texas
Companies based in Irving, Texas
Catholic health care
Hospital networks in the United States
Catholic hospital networks in the United States


Our Lady of Consolation is a Christian term honoring the Virgin Mary.

It may also refer to:

 Basilica and National Shrine of Our Lady of Consolation, Carey, Ohio, United States
 Basilica of Our Lady of Consolation, Táriba, Táchira, Venezuela
 Shrine Church of Our Lady of Consolation and St Francis, West Grinstead, West Sussex, England.
 Santuario della Consolata, Turin, Piedmont, Italy


Paolo Bozzi was an Italian psychologist, philosopher, composer, and violin player. He was born in Gorizia on May 16, 1930 and died in Bolzano in 2003.

He made a number of important discoveries in psychology of perception and thought, most notably the phenomenon of auditory streaming. He was one of the first to defend the idea of a systematic study of naïve physics, and a precursor of experimental philosophy.

References

Italian cognitive scientists
1930 births
2003 deaths
20th-century psychologists


Lisle Ellis, (born November 17, 1951) is a Canadian jazz bassist and composer who is known for his improvisational style and use of electronics.

Biography
Ellis was born in Campbell River, British Columbia. Ellis began playing electric bass in his teens and worked professionally from an early age in numerous environments including studios, radio & TV shows, and  strip clubs. He was born Lyle Steve Lansall, but used his initials L. S. as his stage name Ellis; he also used the name L. S. Lansall-Ellis professionally.

Ellis studied at the Vancouver Academy of Music with Walter Robertson and attended Douglas College in Vancouver. He later studied at the Creative Music Studio in New York City from 1975-1979.

Ellis lived in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from 1982 until 1983 and then Montreal, Quebec, Canada from 1983 until 1992. In 1986 Ellis was the first recipient of Canada's Fred Stone Award, given annually to a musician for integrity and innovation. In the early 1980s in Vancouver, and the late 80's in Montreal, Ellis was a conspicuous activator of musician alliance organizations, performance venues, and concert series presentations. One collective in particular, Vancouver's New Orchestra Workshop, is still active nearly thirty years later.

After moving to the United States in 1992, he settled in San Francisco, working with Glenn Spearman from 1992 until 2001. He lived in San Diego from 2001–2005 and New York City from 2005 to the present. In 1994, he was a member of the Cecil Taylor band for a brief tour of California.

Ellis's discography includes performances with Peter Brötzmann, Andrew Cyrille, Joe McPhee, Dave Douglas, Glenn Spearman and about 40 recordings for Music & Arts, Black Saint, DIW, Hat Art, New World, and Victo. His 1989 album, Kaleidoscopes: The Ornette Coleman Songbook, with pianist Paul Plimley, was given five stars in Down Beat magazine.

Since the late 1990s, Ellis has been primarily focused on developing an electro-acoustic interface he calls "bass & circuitry". By 2008, with the completion of a template for this interface Ellis turned his attention back to acoustic music projects with an emphasis on jazz based improvisation and to finding a balance between his electronic and acoustic music interests.

Central to Ellis's music, and a vehicle for both his electronic and acoustic experiments, has been his long standing trio with Larry Ochs and Donald Robinson called What We Live. Di Terra, an Italy-based trio with Alberto Braida (piano), and Fabrizio Spera (drums), has been an exclusively acoustic music vehicle for Ellis. His experimental trio Audible Means with Ellery Eskelin (saxophone), and Erik Deutsch (keyboards), was active on the New York scene in 2006 and 2007 and was a focal point for Ellis's bass & circuitry explorations. Since his arrival in New York, collaborations and interactions with composer/electronic musician Tom Hamilton have also been important to Ellis's work in electronic music.

Discography
 1995 Elevations (Victo)
 1998 Children in Peril Suite (Music & Arts)
 2008 Sucker Punch Requiem (Henceforth)

With Paul Plimley
 1990 Both Sides of the Same Mirror (Nine Winds)
 1991 When Silence Pulls (Music & Arts)
 1992 Kaleidoscopes (HatArt)
 1992 Noir (Victo)
 1994 Density of the Lovestruck Demons (Music & Arts)
 1994 Sweet Freedom Now What? (HatArt)
 1999 Safecrackers (Victo)

With Glenn Spearman
 1994/95 Free Worlds (Black Saint) released in 2000
 1996 The Fields (Black Saint)
 1997 Let It Go [Red Toucan)
 1999 Blues for Falasha (Tzadik)

With What We Live
 1995 What We Live (DIW)
 1996 What We Live Fo(u)r (Black Saint)
 1999 Trumpets (Black Saint)
 1999 Quintet for a Day (New World)
 2002 On Tour in France (Metalanguage)

With Sound on Survival
 2004 American Roadwork (CIMP)
 2004 Live at Spruce Street Forum (Botticelli)
 2005 Live (Henceforth)

With others
 1978–79 New Orchestra Quintet: Collected Recordings
 1982 Paul Cram: Blue Tales in Time (Onari)
 1995 Larry Ochs: The Secret Magritte (Black Saint)
 1995 Rova Saxophone Quartet: John Coltrane's Ascension (Black Saint)
 1996 Ben Goldberg: Eight Phrases for Jefferson Rubin (Victo)
 1996 India Cooke: Redhanded (Music & Arts)
 1996 Matthew Goodheart with Glenn Spearman, Lisle Ellis, Donald Robinson: Sonoluminescence (Nine Winds)
 1999 Patrick Brennan: Saunters, Walks, Ambles (CIMP)
 2002 Marcos Fernandes: Hybrid Vigor (Accretions)
 2002 Marcos Fernandes Pictures in Sound (Accretions)
 2005? Lisle Ellis/Oliver Lake/Paul Smoker/Scott R. Looney: Urban Rumination (META)
 2006 Alberto Braida/Lisle Ellis/Fabrizio Spera: Di Terra (Nu Bop)
 2010 Kirk Knuffke/Kenny Wollesen/Lisle Ellis: Chew Your Food (NoBusiness)

References

External links

 PUNKCAST#1255 live @ The Living Theatre NYC, Jan 19 2008.(RealPlayer, mp4, DivX)

1951 births
Musicians from British Columbia
Canadian jazz composers
Male jazz composers
Canadian expatriate musicians in the United States
Canadian experimental musicians
Canadian jazz double-bassists
Male double-bassists
Living people
People from Campbell River, British Columbia
CIMP artists
Vancouver Academy of Music alumni
21st-century double-bassists
21st-century Canadian male musicians
Music & Arts artists
Black Saint/Soul Note artists


John Slater (22 August 1916 – 9 January 1975) was an English character actor who usually portrayed lugubrious, amiable cockney types.

Biography
Slater's father was an antiques dealer. After attending St Clement Danes Grammar School in Hammersmith, Slater began acting in farce at the Whitehall Theatre. He first appeared on film in 1938, remaining active in the industry up to his death. He was a familiar face in British films of the 1940s and appeared in many classic films of the period, including The Day Will Dawn (1942, US title The Avengers), Went the Day Well? (1942), We Dive at Dawn (1943), A Canterbury Tale (1944), The Seventh Veil (1945), It Always Rains on Sunday (1947) and Passport to Pimlico (1949).

He was also a singer, and made three solo 78rpm records for Columbia in 1953 and 1954. The first of these was a cover of "(How Much is) That Doggie in the Window?", followed by "Travelling Alone", his own composition. The latter was released in 1953, and subsequently used in the 1956 film Johnny, You're Wanted, which starred Slater in the lead role. In 1954, Columbia released a single of excerpts from Dry Rot, a farce from London's Whitehall Theatre by John Chapman (which later became a film of the same name). The record featured Slater alongside Brian Rix, Basil Lord, Cicely Paget-Bowman, Diana Caderwood and Chapman, with Jackie Brown on the Hammond organ. In 1959, Slater participated on a studio cast recording of My Fair Lady, singing "With a Little Bit of Luck" and "Get Me to the Church on Time" as Eliza Doolittle's father Alfred.

Slater narrated the National Coal Board's Mining Review documentary series, and was known on television for his presenter role opposite popular children's puppets Pinky and Perky during the 1960s, as a story-teller on Jackanory and as Det. Sgt. Stone in Z-Cars from 1967 to 1974. He also appeared in the notorious 1958 stage production of Harold Pinter's The Birthday Party, as Nat Goldberg. He narrated the 1963 film Giants of Steam made by the British Broadcasting Corporation and British Transport Films.

Slater sustained life-threatening injuries as a result of an air crash in France in 1946 and sporadic bouts of ill health hampered his career. He died on 9 January 1975 from a heart attack, aged 58.

Selected filmography

 Alf's Button Afloat (1938) - Minor Role (uncredited)
 This Man Is Dangerous (1941) - (uncredited)
 Love on the Dole (1941) - Agitator on Demonstration (uncredited)
 "Pimpernel" Smith (1941) - Reporter (uncredited)
 Facing the Music (1941)
 The Saint Meets the Tiger (1941) - Eddie
 The Common Touch (1941) - Joe
 Penn of Pennsylvania (1942) - Newgate Prisoner with Mouse (uncredited)
 Hatter's Castle (1942) - Card Player (uncredited)
 Gert and Daisy's Weekend (1942) - Jack Densham
 The Day Will Dawn (1942, US title The Avengers) - American Reporter In Oslo Hotel (uncredited)
 Flying Fortress (1942) - Air Raid Warden (uncredited)
 They Flew Alone (1942) - Officer on Interview Panel
 Unpublished Story (1942) - Code Soldier (uncredited)
 Uncensored (1942) - Théophile
 The Young Mr. Pitt (1942) - Minor Role (uncredited)
 Went the Day Well? (1942) - Sergeant
 Those Kids from Town (1942) - Minor Role (uncredited)
 The Harvest Shall Come (1942, Short) - Tom Grimwood (uncredited)
 We Dive at Dawn (1943) - Charlie (uncredited)
 Undercover (1943) - Minor Role (uncredited)
 Millions Like Us (1943) - Alec - Man at Dance Hall (uncredited)
 The Adventures of Tartu (1943) - Luftwaffe Man with Coffee (uncredited)
 Schweik's New Adventures (1943) - A4
 Deadlock (1943) - Fred Bamber / Allan Bamber
 The New Lot (1943) - Soldier in Truck (uncredited)
 Candlelight in Algeria (1944) - American Officer
 For Those in Peril (1944) - A / C 1. Wilkie
 The Hundred Pound Window (1944) - O'Neil
 A Canterbury Tale (1944) - Sergt. Len
 I Live in Grosvenor Square (1945) - Paratrooper
 Murder in Reverse? (1945) - Fred Smith
 The Seventh Veil (1945) - James
 Teheran (1946) - Maj. Sergei Soviesky, USSR
 It Always Rains on Sunday (1947) - Lou Hyams
 Escape (1948) - Salesman
 Against the Wind (1948) - Emile Meyer
 Noose (1948) - Pudd'n Bason
 Passport to Pimlico (1949) - Frank Huggins
 Prelude to Fame (1950) - Dr. Lorenzo
 The Third Visitor (1951) - James Oliver
 The Faithful City (1952) - Ezra
 The Ringer (1952) - Bell
 The Promise (1952)
 The Long Memory (1953) - Pewsey
 The Flanagan Boy (1953) - Charlie Sullivan
 Strange Stories (1953) - Storyteller / Narrator
 The Million Pound Note (1954) - Parsons
 Star of India (1954) - Emile
 John Wesley (1954) - Condemned Man
 Johnny, You're Wanted (1956) - Johnny
 Raiders of the River (1956) - Narrator
 The Devil's Pass (1957) - Bill Buckle
 Violent Playground (1958) - Sgt. Walker
 Upgreen - And at 'Em (1960)
 The Night We Got the Bird (1961) - Wolf Mannheim (Manny)
 Three on a Spree (1961) - Sid Johnson
 Nothing Barred (1961) - Warder Lockitt
 A Place to Go (1963) - Jack Ellerman
 The Yellow Hat (1966) - Slack

References

External links

1916 births
1975 deaths
English male film actors
English male television actors
Male actors from London
People educated at St. Clement Danes School
20th-century English male actors


Thorne is an unincorporated community within the unincorporated township of Poitras, in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is located in the census division of Nipissing District. A designated place served by a local services board, the community had a population of 204 in the 2016 Canadian Census.

Thorne is located at the northernmost end of Highway 63, just across the Ottawa River from Témiscaming, Quebec.  It is also situated 63 km northeast of North Bay.

As early as 1942 a number of squatters had established themselves on CIP (Canadian International Paper) property on the Ontario side of the Ottawa River. Leo Armitage and Leo Dorion are attributed as the first white settlers at the location. The small grouping of houses would eventually take the name of Thorneville after C.B. Thorne, a Norwegian born engineer and technical director in charge of building the paper mill for the Riordon Pulp and Paper Co. between 1917-20.  After the Second World War owing to a lack of housing lots within the company town site at Témiscaming, CIP decided to establish a secondary town site on the Ontario shore of the river.  The company surveyed and serviced housing lots which it then sold to the public. In 1948 town site was built and the homes were privately owned unlike those at Témiscaming where the CIP still retained ownership of most of the town.

Although Thorne is a modern town site, the first residents to the area came be traced back to the 1870s when a depot farm was established to cater to the regions numerous lumber camps. The surrounding valley contains mostly poor rocky soil, however some good farm land was available approximately 3 km inland.  Situated on steep slope, The Farm, as residents call the Boyce place, supplied fresh produce, meat, diary and hay to the camps. The farm contained a number of families until it was abandoned during the 1950s. It supplied goods to Témiskaming by the Boyce clan from around 1900 to 1946.The first Ed Boyce then his brother James then his two sons Eldon and Gorden all originating in Manotick and North Gower Ontario and thru time all went back.

The first grocery store was operated by Mr. and Mrs Leo Cyr. In 1952, Mr. Paul Pharand established an additional grocery store. Thorne also had an Odd Fellows Hall which hosted dances. The village was settled by both francophones and anglophones, the majority of whom worked at the lumber mills located across the river in Témiskaming. In 1951, Thorne counted 267 residents. In 1956 Thorne counted 401 residents, 416 in 1961 and maintained this figure for three decades as it still counted 425 residents in 1980. However, by 1990 Thorne's population had dropped to 230 residents. The decline in population is mostly attributed to the large retired population and smaller family units. Though in recent years younger families have been relocating to community. In 2006, Thorne counted 254 residents, and 196 in 2011. In 2016, the census counted 204 residents in the village.

Due to the construction of the Otto Holden Generating Station in 1950, the water levels along the Ottawa river changed the riverfront of the village and large white pine trees were cut down.

At various times Thorne did contain a few services such as a post office, service station, 2 general stores, propane dealer, a ski resort, skating rink as well as an English Public school and a French Separate school.  In the mid 1980s a sea food restaurant operated and Catholic masses were conducted in the French language for a number of years the Separate School's gymnasium through the Parish of Sainte-Thérese, domiciled in Témiscaming, Quebec. In the 1990s a veterinary office operated for a decade.

Today only the French Language Separate School, a nursing station, a restaurant, and the post office remains to service the community.  Other services are obtained in Témiscaming, Quebec or in North Bay, Ontario.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Thorne had a population of 172 living in 77 of its 81 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 204. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

References

Communities in Nipissing District
Designated places in Ontario
Local services boards in Ontario


The small unit riverine craft (SURC) is a rigid-hull, armed and armored patrol boat used by the U.S. Marines and U.S. Navy to maintain control of rivers and inland waterways. They are similar in size and purpose to the much older Patrol Boat, River vessels used during the Vietnam War.

The boats are built by Raytheon Naval & Maritime Integrated Systems, with a contract to build up to 100 boats. Raytheon's contract partners are SAFE Boats International of Bremerton, Washington and Boat Master of Fort Myers, Florida.

History
The boats were first deployed to Iraq and were used there by the now deactivated U.S. Marine Corps' Small Craft Company, being later turned over to the United States Navy Riverine Squadrons - units of the Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC) that used the boats to patrol strategic areas of Iraq.

On Sept. 25 2013, the United States transferred six SURC patrol boats to the Philippine Marine Corps to provide a platform for command and control, reconnaissance, logistic/resupply, medical evacuation, counter-drug operations, humanitarian assistance, peacekeeping and non-combatant evacuation operations & will be deployed to augment sea-based forces addressing terrorism and lawlessness.

Design
According to the Navy, “The primary mission of the SURC is to provide tactical mobility and a limited weapons platform for the ground combat element of a Marine Air Ground Task Force in littoral and riverine environments.” The boat's secondary mission includes “command and control, reconnaissance, logistic/resupply, medevac, counter-drug operations, humanitarian assistance, peacekeeping, and noncombatant evacuation operations.”

The boat is transportable by C-130 Hercules aircraft and can be launched from its trailer at lakeside. It also has the capability to turn 180 degrees in less than three boat lengths and accelerate to  in less than 15 seconds.

Other characteristics

See also
Combat Boat 90 - known as 'Riverine Command Boat' in US Navy service.
Fast Patrol Craft

References

External links
U.S. Navy: “USMC Family of Small Craft”
GlobalSecurity.org: “Small Unit Riverine Craft (SURC)”

United States Marine Corps equipment
Equipment of the United States Navy
Patrol vessels of the United States Navy
Riverine warfare
Military boats
Landing craft


WKXM (1300 AM) was an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Winfield, Alabama. The station, established in 1965, was last owned by Ad-Media Management Corp. The station fell permanently silent on August 2, 2012.

Programming
Before it fell silent, the station broadcast a sports/talk radio format as a full-time affiliate of ESPN Radio.

History
This station signed on the air in 1965 as WEZQ broadcasting with 1,000 watts of power on 1300 kHz under the ownership of John D. Self. WEZQ aired a country & western music format from its 1965 sign-on into the 1980s.

In June 1989, John Self made a deal to sell this station to James Boyd Pate.  The deal was approved by the FCC on August 3, 1989, and the transaction was consummated on November 3, 1989.  In January 1990, James Boyd Pate applied to transfer the license for this station to Ad-Media Management Corporation, a company he controlled.  The transfer was approved by the FCC on February 12, 1990.  The new owner had the FCC change the station's assigned call letters to WXDX on March 30, 1990, as a complement to its under-construction FM sister station, then known as WXZX, but these would prove short lived as the station switched again to the current WKXM call letters on July 1, 1990. (Three months later, the FM sister station would switch its callsign to match as WKXM-FM.)

In November 1991, James Boyd Pate reached an agreement to sell Ad-Media Management Corporation, the licensee for WKXM, to Harper-Mainord Broadcasting.  The deal was approved by the FCC on December 30, 1991, and the transaction was consummated on December 31, 1991.

In July 1995, Harper-Mainord Broadcasting made a deal to turn sole control of Ad-Media Management Corporation to Jack Mainord.  The deal was approved by the FCC on September 29, 1995, and the transaction was consummated on November 1, 1995.

Jack Mainord died on April 21, 1998, so after routine legal issues were resolved an application was made in September 1998 to transfer control of WKXM licensee Ad-Media Management Corporation to Melba F. Mainord, the executrix of his estate.  The deal was approved by the FCC on October 15, 1998.

In March 2000, Melba F. Mainord made a deal to sell Ad-Media Management Corporation to B. Maxine Harper.  The deal was approved by the FCC on April 24, 2000, and the transaction was consummated on May 1, 2000.

Falling silent
WKXM's broadcast facilities were struck by lightning on July 4, 2012, and the station began operating with reduced power on backup equipment. On August 1, 2012, the station's longtime broadcast engineer died unexpectedly and, lacking the equipment and personnel to continue operating, the station fell silent on August 2, 2012.

On November 22, 2012, the station applied for special temporary authority to remain silent while working with the insurance company to repair the damaged broadcast equipment. The FCC granted this authority on January 17, 2013. Under the terms of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, as a matter of law a radio station's broadcast license is subject to automatic forfeiture and cancellation if they fail to broadcast for one full year.

WKXM resumed operations on June 24, 2013, but fell silent again on June 27, 2013. The station once again applied to the FCC for authority to remain silent.

On September 9, 2014, the FCC notified Ad-Media Management Corp. that unless it could show that WKXM had broadcast between June 27, 2013, and June 28, 2014, that its license was cancelled. On October 17, 2014, Ad-Media Management Corp. replied that the "economic realities of operating the station [...] without an FM translator" and the costs to repair the station to full operating capacity prevented them from completing the repairs and returning to service. The FCC
deleted the station's call sign on October 21, 2014.

References

External links
FCC Station Search Details: DWKXM (Facility ID: 434)
FCC History Cards for WKXM (covering 1961-1979 as WEZQ)

KXM
Marion County, Alabama
Radio stations established in 1965
Radio stations disestablished in 2014
Defunct radio stations in the United States
1965 establishments in Alabama
2014 disestablishments in Alabama
KXM


Highway 12 is a single carriageway road in the South District of Israel.  It surrounds the mountains of Eilat from the north and west, and it connects Eilat to Highway 10 and Highway 40, which lead toward central Israel. Highway 10 continues north toward the Gaza Strip, whereas Highway 40 proceeds to Beersheba via Mizpe Ramon.

Description of the route from south to north
Highway 12 begins as an urban boulevard in Eilat exiting the city to the west. It then runs northwest toward the border of Israel with Egypt. Then it turns north past the Netafim Border Crossing and the northern mountains of Eilat.

At Sayarim junction it intersects with Highway 10. It continues northeast past Ovda airport and reaches its north terminus at Shizafon junction, where it intersects with Highway 40.

Junctions (south to north)

References

See also

 List of highways in Israel

12


is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid that was discovered by the Catalina Sky Survey in Arizona on 11 October 2007. Imaging radar has estimated that it is  in diameter. The asteroid passed 554,209 kilometer (344,370 mile or 1.4-lunar distance) from Earth on 29 January 2008 at 08:33 UTC. (At the time of the passage it was believed the closest for any known potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) of this size before 2027, but in 2010  was measured to be 400 meters in diameter.) At closest approach the asteroid had an apparent magnitude of 10.3 and was about 50 times fainter than the naked eye can see.  It required about a  telescope to be seen.

Impact risk assessment
From the date of discovery of asteroid  on 11 October 2007, a total of 316 observations of it had been made by 31 January 2008, spanning 112 days.  Now the asteroid has an observation arc of about 3 years and the trajectory is well defined.  It was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 4 December 2007 at 14:05 UTC.

2008 passage

Goldstone Observatory carried out radar observations on January 23 and 24 January 2008. As of then, the orbit of the asteroid was known with such a high precision that scientists were able to calculate close approaches from the year 67 AD to 2141 AD.  On 29 January 2008 at 08:33 UTC,  passed by the earth at a nominal distance of   with a relative speed of 9.248 km/s.

Observations from Arecibo Observatory were taken on 1–4 February. It is a contact binary asteroid.

Other close approaches
Asteroid  was the closest potentially hazardous asteroid, passing Earth by , 0.00289 AU, or just 1.1 times the Moon's average distance from Earth on 3 July 2006.
Asteroid 4179 Toutatis (4.5 km diameter) came within 1.5 million km, 0.0104 AU (within 4 lunar distances) of the Earth on 29 September 2004.
On 7 August 2027,  will pass within 388,960 km (0.0026 AU) of Earth
On 13 April 2029, Apophis will pass the earth within the orbits of the geosynchronous communication satellites.

See also
List of exceptional asteroids
Asteroid impact avoidance
Asteroid naming conventions
Radar astronomy

References

External links
 Asteroid to Make Rare Close Flyby of Earth  (Catalina Sky Survey Photo)
 Huge asteroid to fly by past earth.Independent Online
 Asteroid 2007 TU24: No Danger to Earth  (Phil Plait 25 January 2008)

Minor planet object articles (unnumbered)
Discoveries by the Catalina Sky Survey

20071011


Edgar Adolfo Hernández Téllez (born 27 August 1982) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Honours
Querétaro
Copa MX: Apertura 2016

Oaxaca
Ascenso MX: Apertura 2017

External links

1982 births
Living people
Liga MX players
Club América footballers
Tigres UANL footballers
San Luis F.C. players
Chiapas F.C. footballers
Club Puebla players
Querétaro F.C. footballers
Atlas F.C. footballers
Club Necaxa footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
People from Reynosa
Footballers from Tamaulipas
Mexican men's footballers


In July 1755, Pasquale Paoli proclaimed Corsica a sovereign state, the Corsican Republic (), independent from the Republic of Genoa. He created the Corsican Constitution, which was the first constitution written in the Italian language. The text included various Enlightenment principles, including female suffrage, later revoked by the Kingdom of France when the island was taken over in 1769. The republic created an administration and justice system, and founded an army.

Foundation
After a series of successful actions, Paoli drove the Genoese from the whole island except for a few coastal towns. He then set to work re-organizing the government, introducing many reforms. He founded a university at Corte and created a short-lived "Order of Saint-Devote" in 1757 in honour of the patron saint of the island, Saint Devota.

The Republic minted its own coins at Murato in 1761, imprinted with the Moor's Head, the traditional symbol of Corsica.

Paoli's ideas of independence, democracy and liberty gained support from such philosophers as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Voltaire, Raynal, and Mably. The publication in 1768 of An Account of Corsica by James Boswell made Paoli famous throughout Europe. Diplomatic recognition was extended to Corsica by the Bey of Tunis.

Government
According to the constitution, the legislature, the Corsican Diet (or Consulta Generale), composed of over 300 members, met once a year on call of the head of state and was composed of delegates elected by acclamation from each parish for three-year terms. The Diet enacted laws, regulated taxation, and determined national policy. Executive powers were handled by the Council of State, elected by the Diet initially for life and which met twice a year, in the absence of which powers were held by the General (chair of the Council) or in their absence, by the President General or by one president from each of the three magistracies of the Council (rotated monthly), one councilor (rotated between the three magistracies every 10 days), and the secretary of state. The General was elected by the Council and had to maintain their confidence in order to remain in the position, although there were no term limits. The General also had a right to summon particular congresses on specific issues separate from the Diet. In the council, two-thirds of its members were to come from Deçà des Monts, while the remainder were to come from Delà des Monts. The members were also split into two tiers: 36 first class Presidents, and 108 second class Councillors. The Council was divided into three magistracies: the Chamber of Justice (in charge of political affairs and the most serious criminal cases), the Chamber of War (in charge of military affairs), and the Chamber of Finance (in charge of economic affairs). Petitions made to the Council were addressed to the General, who according to importance, passed them to the applicable magistracy. From there, once studied, it would pass to the full Council for a vote. The head of the Council received two votes while other members received one. In the case of a tie, the secretary of state would vote to break it.

Other than the most serious crimes, other business was delegated to various tribunals. The chief civil court, the Rota Civile (from 1763 also entrusted with criminal cases), was composed of three doctors of law nominated for life by the Council. Provincial Magistratures were also established over time, able to judge minor criminal and civil offences. Minor civil cases were handled by the local judge in each of the 68 pieve (traditional administrative divisions). The Sindicato was a body that enabled the Diet to scrutinize the conduct of magistrates and officials except those from the Junta of War, being composed of the President of the Council and four members elected by the Diet. The Junta of War was in times of crisis authorized to condemn to prison and corporal punishment, and to confiscate and/or destroy property. It was able to mobilize local militias to enforce its sentences. It could also impose the death penalty in some cases.

Suffrage was extended to all men over the age of 25, and those men over the age of 35 could become members of the Council. Traditionally, women had always voted in village elections for podestà (i.e. village elders) and other local officials, and it has been claimed that they also voted in national elections under the Republic if they were head of the family.

Modifications
In 1758, the Diet reduced the Council from over 100 to 18 members (each of which had to live in Corte), and limited each of their terms to six months. In 1764 the number of Council members was reduced again to 9, each elected for a year.

From 1763, members of the clergy were allowed to send around 137 members to the Diet, and their influence grew such that by the following year the elected speaker of the diet until the dissolution of the republic was always a member of the clergy. Prior to 1763, members of the clergy were not allowed (by legislation) to be judged by canon law, and de facto were not allowed to give asylum to criminals.

In December 1763, the Diet passed legislation modifying the method of election of its members, where a reduced 68 members were to be indirectly elected. In this legislation, the number of clerical members were unchanged, as was the recently introduced practice of allowing the head of state to invite others to participate in the Diet. However, this legislation was never respected, de facto continuing under the old system. The following year elected members of the diet were made to be equipped with an notarial affidavit, stating they also had a right to, with other members of the pieve, elect one or more of themselves to represent the pieve as a whole, allowing the election of more than one person to represent a pieve.

In 1764, the Council of State was granted a suspensive veto, allowing them to suspend a resolution voted on by the Diet until it gave its motives for refusal, after which the Diet had an opportunity to reconsider and pass it again with no opportunity for a veto. In the sane session, resolutions were changed such that they required a two-thirds majority to be passed, although those that gained at least 50% support were allowed to be brought up again in the same session (while those that did not were not allowed, and could only be re-introduced in a future session with the consent of the Council).

In 1766, another attempt was made to change the method of election in each parish for its Diet representative(s), where he "was to be elected from a choice of three candidates proposed by the Podestats and 'Fathers of the Commune'; he had to win a two-thirds majority. Only heads of families had the right to vote. If none of the three won the requited majority another election was to take place. In this case candidates were to be proposed by the heads of families. Three were to be selected by majority vote in a primary election; one of the three was to be elected in a secondary election by a two-thirds majority. If none of them won this majority, the parish forfeited its representation in that session of the Diet." This attempted change, similar to the prior one attempted in 1763, was seldom followed.

French invasion

In 1767, Corsica took the island of Capraia from the Genoese who, one year later, despairing of ever being able to subjugate Corsica again, sold their claim to the Kingdom of France with the Treaty of Versailles.

The French invaded Corsica the same year, and for a whole year Paoli's forces fought desperately for their new republic against the invaders. However, in May 1769, at the Battle of Ponte Novu they were defeated by vastly superior forces commanded by the Comte de Vaux, and obliged to take refuge in the Kingdom of Great Britain. French control was consolidated over the island, and in 1770 it became a province of France.

Aftermath

The fall of Corsica to the French was poorly received by many in Great Britain, which was Corsica's main ally and sponsor. It was seen as a failure of the Grafton Ministry that Corsica had been "lost", as it was regarded as vital to the interests of Britain in that part of the Mediterranean. The Corsican Crisis severely weakened the Grafton Ministry, contributing to its ultimate downfall. A number of exiled Corsicans fought for on the British side during the American Revolutionary War, serving with particular distinction during the Great Siege of Gibraltar in 1782.

Conversely, at the beginning of the same war, the New York militia later named Hearts of Oak - whose membership included Alexander Hamilton and other students at New York's King's College (now Columbia University) - originally called themselves "The Corsicans", evidently considering the Corsican Republic as a model to be emulated in America.

The aspiration for Corsican independence, along with many of the democratic principles of the Corsican Republic, were revived by Paoli in the Anglo-Corsican Kingdom of 1794–1796. On that occasion, British naval and land forces were deployed in defence of the island; however, their efforts failed and the French regained control.

To this day, some Corsican separatists, such as the (now-disbanded) Armata Corsa, advocate the restoration of the island's republic.

See also
Account of Corsica
Corsican Constitution
Corsican Crisis
Pasquale Paoli
History of Corsica

References

External links
 First Corsican constitution (1755), in French

States and territories established in 1755
1755 establishments in Europe
1769 disestablishments in Europe
Republic
Island countries
Former republics
Former unrecognized countries
Italian states
Former countries


Missanabie is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in the Algoma District at the northern terminus of Highway 651, inside the boundaries of the Chapleau Crown Game Preserve.

A designated place served by a local services board, the community had a population of 62 in the Canada 2006 Census.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Missanabie had a population of 33 living in 15 of its 38 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 40. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

References

Communities in Algoma District
Designated places in Ontario
Local services boards in Ontario
Hudson's Bay Company trading posts


Barambah is a rural locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. In the  Barambah had a population of 46 people.

History

Land was open for selection on 17 April 1877;  were available in Baramba,  in Baramba North,  in East Baramba and  in the Baramba Ranges.

In July 1906, 32 allotments were advertised for selection by the Department of Public Lands Office. The map advertising the land selection states the allotments are portions in the Parishes of Murgon, Goomeribong and Barambah. The portions were left over from 5 April 1906.

In the  Barambah had a population of 46 people.

Heritage listings
Barambah has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 Goomeri Road: Barambah Homestead

References

External links

Gympie Region
Localities in Queensland


Love on the Dole is a 1941 British drama film starring Deborah Kerr and Clifford Evans. It was adapted from the novel of the same name by Walter Greenwood. It was the first English-made feature film to show English police wielding batons against a crowd.

Plot
It is 1930, at the height of the Great Depression. The Hardcastle family lives in Hanky Park, part of Salford. Mr Hardcastle is a coal miner; his son, Harry, is an apprentice at a local engineering firm and Sally, his daughter, works at a cotton mill.

Mr Hardcastle's mine is put on a three-day week.

Harry wins £22 on his winning thruppence treble bet. Bookmaker Sam Grundy pays up without any trouble. At his father's suggestion, he takes his girlfriend Helen to the seaside resort of Blackpool on a holiday.

Harry becomes unemployed when his apprenticeship ends. The family’s plight is made worse by reductions in means tested unemployment benefits (the dole), whilst Helen's unexpected pregnancy causes further tensions.

Sally is courted by factory worker and Labour Party activist Larry Meath, but their marriage plans are put in doubt when Larry loses his job. Larry is fatally injured when he tries to restore calm in a clash with the police during an unemployment march. Sally, reluctantly at first, becomes Grundy's mistress to help keep her unemployed family.

Cast

 Deborah Kerr as Sally
 Clifford Evans as Larry
 George Carney as Mr. Hardcastle
 Mary Merrall as Mrs. Hardcastle
 Geoffrey Hibbert as Harry
 Joyce Howard as Helen
 Frank Cellier as Sam Grundy
 Martin Walker as Ned Narkey
 Maire O'Neill as Mrs. Dorbell
 Iris Vandeleur as Mrs. Nattle
 Marie Ault as Mrs. Jike
 Marjorie Rhodes as Mrs. Bull
 Ben Williams as Factory Worker (uncredited)
 Kenneth Griffith as Harry's Pal in Billiard Hall (uncredited)
 John Slater as Agitator on Demonstration (uncredited)

Critical reception
Although the book was successful, a proposed film version was rejected by the British Board of Film Censors (BBFC) in 1936 as it was a "very sordid story in very sordid surroundings". However, in 1940 the BBFC approved a similar proposal, with the film finally released in June 1941.

In a contemporary review, The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote, "Here is a film that ranks with the best we have ever produced. The direction is excellent, the photography admirable, and the casting particularly good."

References

External links

1941 films
British black-and-white films
1941 drama films
Films set in Manchester
British drama films
Films scored by Richard Addinsell
Films shot in Greater Manchester
Films shot at British National Studios
1940s English-language films
1940s British films


A Case Information Statement (or Cover Sheet) is a document which is filed with a court clerk at the commencement of a civil lawsuit in many of the court systems of the United States.  It is generally filed along with the complaint.  Some states use similar documents for criminal cases as well.

Purpose and terminology

The purpose of a Case Information Statement is to let the judge and court clerk know what type of case is being brought by the parties, so that they can better prepare for the case to come to trial.  Some courts (for example, the New Jersey Superior Court) put different types of cases on different "tracks", to place limits on how long discovery they should take.

If the lawyer filling out the Case Information Statement makes a mistake, or if circumstances change or new information is discovered, the party wishing to amend the statement may do so by making a motion to the judge in charge of the case.

Some courts use the term Cover Sheet for this document, but the content and purpose is the same.  For example, the equivalent document in federal district courts is Form JS-44, Civil Cover Sheet.  Similarly, the Superior Courts of California have a Form CM-010, Civil Case Cover Sheet.

Case Information Statements in civil cases
Questions typically asked on Civil Case Information Statements include:
The underlying subject matter of the lawsuit
Amount in controversy or remedies demanded
Whether a jury trial is requested by either party
Whether there are additional parties to be joined
Whether the lawsuit is a potential class action or some other type of complex case
Whether there are similar actions pending in other courts
What, if any, previous relationship exists between/among the parties (e.g. employment, familial, business associates, etc.)
Whether attorney fees are in contention (in some types of cases, attorney fees must be paid by the losing party)

In family law cases (such as divorce and child custody matters), the questions asked on the Case Information Statement are often longer and more detailed, requiring recitation of each party's employment situation, current income, and the assets and liabilities of each party.

Case Information Statements in criminal cases
Questions typically asked on Criminal Case Information Statements include:
The attorneys involved in the case
The basic facts and circumstances involved
Whether the defendant is currently in custody or out on bail
Whether there are co-defendants
Whether all issues will be disposed of by this case
Whether the constitutionality of any statute, regulation, or executive order is being challenged

New York's Request for Judicial Intervention

New York's equivalent document is the Request for Judicial Intervention, which is necessary because in New York a case begins with the service of a complaint and nothing is filed with the trial court until absolutely necessary (usually because a discovery dispute develops, someone wants to file a dispositive motion, or it is actually time for trial).  At that time, the party seeking judicial intervention files a RJI (which asks for information similar to a CIS or cover sheet) and files with the court all relevant documents from the party's own version of the case file.

References
Greenberg, Bruce Esq. and Wolinetz, Gary K. Esq. Civil Trial Preparation. New Jersey Institute for Continuing Legal Education, 2007.

External links

State Links to Civil Cover Sheets - from the National Center for State Courts

Examples of case information statements
Civil Case Information Statement, from the New Jersey Superior Court
Civil Case Information Statement, from the New Jersey Superior Court, Chancery Division, Family Part
Criminal Case Information Statement, from the New Jersey Superior Court
Civil Case Information Statement from the California Courts of Appeal
Civil Case Information Statement from the Circuit Courts of West Virginia.

Examples of civil cover sheets
Form CM-010, Civil Case Cover Sheet from the Superior Courts of California

Statements (law)
Legal procedure