Dr. Sarah Marjorie Potts is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street, who was portrayed by Amanda Billing from her first appearance in September 2004 until the character's on-screen death in August 2014.

Arriving as a love interest for established character, Craig (Renato Bartolomei), Sarah became the centre of a high-profile storyline when it was revealed her young brother Daniel (Jarred Blakiston) was in fact her illegitimate son. Sarah and Craig's romance carried on for four years and climaxed in what has been described as "Shortland Street's steamiest ever scene." Sarah's romance storyline's again took a high-profile role with her pairing to TK Samuels (Benjamin Mitchell) in 2006. Over the next 8 years the two were involved in a "will they-won't they" situation that involved the two getting married, divorced, having a child, and engaged for a second time. Public interest was high for the romance and boosted the show some of its highest ever ratings; the Prime Minister Helen Clark also expressed her interest in whether the two would end up together. In 2008 the character was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in a storyline producers intended to use to explore the long-term effects of the illness and help educate New Zealanders.

The character of Sarah has seen high acclaim for the show and Billing's acting. She has been nominated and won multiple awards including a nomination in the New Zealand Television Awards for "Best Actress".  The characters diagnosis with multiple sclerosis has seen huge acclaim, with sufferers and health advocates praising the show for bringing the illness to such a high-profile programme.

Creation and casting
Amanda Billing previously auditioned for the roles of lesbian nurse Maia Jeffries and the ill-fated Avril Luchich before she was offered the role of Sarah in early 2004. Sarah made her debut on 14 September 2004. The character was described as "a good looking, vivacious and driven woman in her early 30s" and was "liked, easy-going and good-humoured". In the casting of Sarah, it was suggested that producers were carrying on the tradition of placing talented unknowns in starring roles. Sarah was written off the show in late 2010 when Billing took a four-month break to star in a play. Her exit storyline was purposefully ambiguous so that the audience was not aware Sarah would return. Billing struggled to keep the secret from the public and was hugely relieved when Sarah returned onscreen in March 2011.

In late 2013 producers decided to retire the character of Sarah. They decided it was best to kill her off as then the character of TK Samuels could develop further romantic connections without fans opposing to it due to Sarah still being alive. Billing was informed in March 2014. She described the writing off process as one that had a lot of "stuff that plays into it" and noted some of it she understood, whilst a lot of it she did not. She hoped that Sarah would get a "dramatic" write-off that would involve a lot of location shooting. One of Sarah's final scenes that saw her say goodbye to her toddler daughter Tillie (Leila Eketone) proved difficult to film due to the cast and crew crying; a scene Billing described filming as "deliciously painful". Billing finished filming in July and was celebrated with a large cast party. The publicity department worked hard to ensure the departure would not be leaked to the press following previous leaks on the departures of Teuila Blakely (Vasa Levi) and Beth Allen (Brooke Freeman), something Billing found hard to keep a secret. The character was killed off during scenes airing on 18 August 2014.

Storylines
Sarah arrived to Shortland Street and won a job working in ED under Craig Valentine (Renato Bartolomei). They dated but broke up when it was scandalously revealed that Sarah's brother Daniel (Jarred Blakiston), was in fact her son. Despite being attracted to Craig, she married Andrew Solomon (Paolo Rotondo) but their marriage was annulled after Andrew left Sarah to be with his ex-girlfriend and children. Sarah briefly dated a schoolboy and later conman Hamish (Phil Brown). She continually found herself attracted to Craig and started to date him before the two broke up due to his anger problems. They made up and dated again but broke up when Craig cheated on Sarah with Huia (Nicola Kawana), impregnating her. Huia's cousin TK Samuels (Benjamin Mitchell) comforted her through the ordeal and when Craig readmitted his love, Sarah was faced with a tough decision between Craig and TK. Sarah finally made a decision and in December 2006 asked TK to marry her. The couple married in mid-2007 and later decided to have kids. However, in 2008 after being diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis the couple suffered a shock when they learnt Sarah's baby would be born with a deathly illness and it was terminated. In 2009 Brooke Freeman (Beth Allen) manipulated Sarah into thinking TK was unhappy and the two separated. She rebounded to Maxwell Avia (Robbie Magasiva) but the two broke up in 2010 and Sarah had a one-night stand with TK shortly before leaving to work in America.

Sarah made a surprise return to Shortland Street in March 2011 and announced she was pregnant with TK's child, a girl. Sarah planned to get back with TK and clashed with his new fiancé Roimata Ngatai (Shavaughn Ruarkere). In July 2011 Sarah gave birth to daughter, Matilda Mareikura "Tillie" Potts (Nathan Anderson) after leaving TK's wedding. Sarah began to date Daniel's (Ido Drent) carer Zac Smith (Mike Edward) and accepted more administrative positions at the hospital. However, after 8 months of dating, Sarah discovered Zac had been having a long-term affair behind her back with her friend Vasa Levi and they broke up. In 2013 Sarah lost her job to her friend Harper Whitley (Ria Vandervis) and ended up reconciling with TK after nearly 4 years apart. Their relationship was put to the test when Sarah accidentally reversed over Tillie in her truck, but the two remained together. In mid 2014 Sarah began researching a killer virus and ultimately ended up getting engaged to TK once again. However, in August, upon finally discovering the illness' cure, Sarah's MS relapsed and she contracted it herself and died after a tearful farewell to TK and Tillie. In 2023, Sarah, Roimata and Mo Hannah would appear to TK in spirit form, willing him back to life after he'd been shot and taken off of life support.

Character development

Relationships

Craig Valentine
The character of Sarah was originally written into the show as a potential love interest for established character, Craig Valentine (Renato Bartolomei). Sarah's first scene involved her crashing into Craig's car, driven by his son Jake Valentine (Calum Gittins). Upon learning Sarah was trying for a job in his department, Craig opposed to her job application, nonetheless, CEO Andrew Solomon (Paolo Rotondo) hired her. Throughout Sarah's early scenes, she often interacted with Craig and a sense of chemistry and potential romance was established between them. Billing offered an opinion as to why the two had such good chemistry saying; "I think you can find someone physically attractive but hate their guts, someone can irritate you heaps but you still find them a lovable rogue. The two characters are a lot alike, and that's why they spar. They're both headstrong and think that they're right more often than not." Following the two characters first kiss, the cast and crew reportedly fell quiet in awe. Billing agreed saying: "We have monitors through the whole building and everyone was going, 'Bloody hell!' Their chemistry is quite extraordinary," The two broke up due to Sarah's son Daniel (Jarred Blakiston) and Sarah became engaged to Andrew but after believing he had died in a plane crash, Sarah realized she was in love with Craig. Nonetheless, when she found out Andrew had survived, she committed to marry him. Billing believed Sarah was: "being a chicken .... She does love Andrew and she does have feelings for him but it's not really what she wants in her heart of hearts. There's a real risk that she is making a mistake, she will regret it and they will break up." Bartolomei believed Craig would still love Sarah even if she were married, "from Craig's point of view, he really loves (Sarah), whether he can have her or not. I think his love for her is so great that he would love her even if she married Andrew and lives happily ever after." Even Rotondo believed Craig was a better suit, "Andrew hasn't been set up as the ideal guy for her so definitely I think she should be with Craig." Despite this, Sarah and Andrew married.

In 2006 Sarah and Craig finally got together in what has been described as "Shortland Street's Steamiest ever scene." However, the two constantly argued and Craig cheated on Sarah with Huia Samuels (Nicola Kawana), impregnating her. Bartolomei believed Sarah would be devastated when she found out about the child and stated: "He would be aware that it was going to be very difficult for Sarah but he would tell her what he was going to do and hope that it was going to work out. I think he will stand back and let things play their natural course, if that meant Sarah was no longer in his world... then so be it. I think he will stand back and say, 'well Sarah, how are you going to behave in this situation? If you are going to behave stupidly then let's call it quits'." The two stayed together following the revelation of the baby but Huia ended up dying in an explosion whilst pregnant and Sarah broke it off once again. At the end of the year, Craig admitted his love before a short holiday but Sarah had a difficult time deciding between him and TK Samuels (Benjamin Mitchell). Billing described the conundrum, saying: "Sarah is nervous about Craig’s return because she knows that he will be coming back to a situation that will be very different from the one that he left. In a lot of ways Sarah and Craig are still the hero couple but she is scared of him being angry and is worried that she is going to lose him."< Despite Billing labelling the couple as having; "dynamic that is high voltage", she also believed; "They’re not very good at being a couple together because they haven’t figured out how to work as a team." Sarah ended up choosing TK over him. On her wedding day to TK in 2007, Sarah decided to call off the marriage, fearing she still loved Craig. She visited Craig but he insisted on driving her to the wedding himself. Sarah came back from her honeymoon early to help Craig, causing a feud with Craig's girlfriend Alice Piper (Toni Potter). In 2008 Craig diagnosed Sarah with multiple sclerosis. Upon resigning, Bartolomei commented on Craig's relationship with Sarah, stating: "Craig and Sarah are your classic unrequited love story. That does get revisited but not in a stereotypical way. There is a great deal of resolution at the end for everyone concerned." On screen Craig resigned from Shortland Street and admitted he would always love Sarah before the two shared a moment. He was murdered later that evening. Sarah sung an emotional song at his service, highlighting his personality and kindness. Billing believed that for several years, Craig was Sarah's one true love and was touched when she saw a hashtag '#ReunitedwithCraig' on Twitter concerning Sarah's death in 2014.

TK Samuels
With TK Samuels (Benjamin Mitchell) arriving in early 2006, Sarah found herself annoyed and conflicted with the newby immature doctor. However, TK took a shine to Sarah and did all he could to impress her. Having found boyfriend, Craig (Renato Bartolomei) cheating on her with TK's cousin Huia (Nicola Kawana), Sarah used TK as a shoulder to cry on and the two soon got together. Billing explained Sarah's conflict between Craig and TK, stating: "TK really loves Sarah and he is very patient and understanding with her where Craig isn’t. He accepts that she is difficult whereas Craig isn’t very patient with her and doesn’t understand her well at all." As 2006 ended, Sarah found herself torn between Craig and TK, eventually choosing and proposing to TK. Mitchell believed that TK was the love of Sarah's life, and stating that neither Andrew Solomon (Paolo Rotondo) or Craig; "Were the right one for Sarah; TK is the one." Mitchell also believed that TK was alright with Craig's attendance at the wedding, stating: "He was invited by Sarah, and he thinks it’s fair for Craig to attend the wedding. TK still has respect for Craig." Shortly into the relationship, Sarah began to lose trust in TK when she saw him sharing a drink with his ex lover Holly Makatea, Billing explained: "Sarah doesn’t know anything about their relationship. She has heard the name Holly mentioned before but she only knows her in passing as a social worker up on Q Road. TK has never told her about any previous relationship." Billing also stated: "The last thing Sarah expects to see is her boyfriend with a young gorgeous Maori Woman like Holly. She can tell they have a close connection and that makes her feel immediately uncomfortable and a little bit insecure." Sarah proposed to TK, feeling bad about her judgmental nature towards Holly but he declined as he feared Holly had given him HIV, Sarah promised to love him nonetheless and they got engaged. Tests later declared TK free of HIV. TK and Sarah wed in mid-2007, with Sarah initially cautious as she believed she may still love Craig. Sarah clashed with TK's family and Billing believed the arrival of TK's nephews to the house only further drove a wedge between her and the Samuels, stating: "Sarah is aware that when she went to the tangi she made some enemies, even though she was just trying to be straight up. She has been on the marae before, but she found that quite an alienating experience and she is prepared to feel that way again. She is definitely feeling apprehensive because they decided not to invite a lot of the whanau to the wedding and she realises she might get some flack for that. But she realises going to the Marae is important for TK’s sake and her relationship’s sake, and it is important she doesn’t make any more enemies. She is determined to put on a brave face and be nice and show she is capable of integrating into the family."

The two decided to start a family in late 2007; however, TK soon voted against it and Sarah feared she had made a mistake marrying TK. However, the two soon made up and decided to try for a family again. The couple found themselves pregnant, but the baby would have been born ill, so the pregnancy was terminated. Sarah broke up with TK when Brooke Freeman (Beth Allen) purposely drove a wedge between the couple after falling madly in love with TK. Billing found the breakup uncomfortable to film, stating: "It has been very difficult to play, there are some days when I've thought she's just being a complete twit." She believed that Sarah found herself to be a "burden" to TK with her illness and it affected her "confidence and belief in herself". TK and Sarah set up a clinic in 2010 and Sarah later readmitted her love, causing a one-night stand before she left the country. Upon her unexpected arrival, Sarah announced she was pregnant with TK's child and she loved him. However, TK had moved on with Roimata (Shavaughn Ruakere) and despite feelings for Sarah, announced it was over forever. Billing sympathised with Sarah during the ordeal, "My heart breaks for Sarah Potts because her bubble is well and truly burst. She has a fantasy in her head and when she comes home it's not what she expects." Billing acknowledged that TK and Roimata have good chemistry but praised TK and Sarah's possible rekindling saying; "Roimata and TK make a really good couple but Sarah and TK were really good too and wouldn't it be great for them to be a family?" In October 2012, following the revelation that her boyfriend of 8 months, Zac Smith (Mike Edward) had been cheating on her, Sarah found herself attracted once again to TK, who offered her support.

In August 2013, Sarah moved in with TK so that they could look after Tillie together following his separation from Roimata. Sarah's hopes for romance reignited but Billing hoped that it was mutual. Mitchell was "shocked" when he read the storyline and hoped that their relationship "would be different" than before. Sarah struggled to tell TK her true feelings as Billing believed "it'll ruin the friendship that they have .... Sarah doesn't imagine he has romantic feelings for her." In September 2013, Sarah and TK finally reconciled. Sarah travelled to America for several months on a MS trial and in the interim, TK developed feelings for her friend Harper Whitley (Ria Vandervis) but stayed committed. However, Sarah's trial turned out not to have worked and TK ended up turning to violence, Mitchell believed that, "His violent reaction definitely doesn’t go unnoticed and it’s going to cause problems for him and his family." In early 2014 producers decided to kill off the character of Sarah as they didn't think fans would believe TK dating any other character with the possibility of Sarah returning. Billing believed the way the relationship was written in her final storyline was "sweet" and well "crafted", as she believed he was her true soul mate. The storyline saw Sarah fight to discover the cure of a killer illness much to the annoyance of TK, whom disagreed with her ambition. Mitchell believed that this, "pisses him off to tell the truth. She's a mother; she should be there spending time with her family. She's got MS herself and she's not really taking care of herself." Billing believed the storyline saw a development in the relationship, "Their relationship changes because of their involvement in this situation. That tenacity can be really annoying for (TK) but he knows that it results in good things for other people." The storyline saw the two become engaged once again. Sarah ended up finding a cure, only to succumb to the illness herself.

Multiple Sclerosis
After suggesting her character have a sickness storyline, Billing was notified Sarah was to undergo a storyline where she is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Billing originally thought Sarah was to be killed off but realised it was to be a larger story arc, saying; "I thought they were trying to kill her off, but the idea is to show Sarah living with it". Producer Jason Daniel explained the situation; "As a continuing serial Shortland Street has the ability to explore situations and issues in considerable depth over long periods – and this is what we intend to do with Sarah's multiple sclerosis." In mid-2008, Sarah started to realise she was suffering from an illness which began to gradually affect her work. Ex-boyfriend Craig Valentine diagnosed Sarah with multiple sclerosis, a fact Sarah kept hidden from husband, TK. The illness starts to seriously affect Sarah's fast-paced job as a consultant in the Emergency Department. Sarah later reveals to TK the truth about her illness and TK goes into overdrive, changing her meal plans and exercise routines. To accurately portray the symptoms of MS, Billing researched heavily, including using the internet, medical advisers and the advice of a friend with the illness. Sarah begun to attend MS support groups but struggled to come to terms with how sick she may become. Billing herself attended MS groups to research the role but found attendance a strange experience: "It was quite a bit different to be pretending to have MS in the midst of people who do have MS. I was intimidated by that, it was quite strange, really humbling." Despite finally being awarded head of ED, Sarah realised she had to resign as a result of her eventual inability to perform such a fast-paced job. Billing commented on Sarah resigning, "Sarah has a hard time letting go. Emergency medicine is her number one love - it's her identity and the thought of not having that in her life is terrifying. But she knows her MS is getting worse and deep down she knows leaving ED is her only choice."

In late 2009 Sarah has a relapse in her MS symptoms, confirming her suspicion she will never heal and it will affect her chance of having children, causing her to leave TK. She has another relapse in mid-2010, cementing her relationship with Maxwell. Billing hoped the relapse was realistic saying; "Initially, I did a lot of reading, as well as speaking to a couple of people directly affected by MS. I also spoke to a psychologist about how the condition affects people's mental health and wellbeing. It's important to me that Sarah's experience looks real, so I always ask the medical advisor at Shortland Street for information about her symptoms." She also thoroughly enjoyed playing them, being quoted as saying; "Sarah's Multiple Sclerosis diagnosis has meant when she has a relapse, I'm telling the story of people living with the condition. It makes work less 'soapy' and more realistic, more meaningful." However, Billing found the remissions relaxing, stating; "When Sarah's in remission it's a relief, but I sometimes catch myself waiting for things to get hard again when she has a relapse. I always find her recurrences a bit stressful and not just form a technical view (i.e. wanting to make her condition looks authentic). I know it's acting, and it's not real, but when Sarah's having a recurrence I do feel a bit of what it must be like when something like MS changes you – and changes the way people relate to you." In November 2010 Sarah leaves Ferndale, having won a position in a MS research team in the United States. However, upon her return, she is finally pregnant. Once having given birth to daughter, Tillie in July 2011, Sarah has another relapse in her symptoms and begins to fear for her ability to mother Tillie. In September, Sarah's condition appears to be in remission but she suddenly has a severe attack, losing control of her speech, legs and arms, with Tillie unsupervised.

Reception

Accolades
Billing received a nomination in the New Zealand TV Guide Best on the Box awards 2011 for "Best Actress", losing out to Robyn Malcolm for her role in Outrageous Fortune. She received the same nomination the following year for her acting throughout 2011, for which she won. Billing was pleased with the win saying; "I was up against some amazingly talented ladies so I am incredibly surprised that I won! But it's lovely to know that people have been watching and that the character resonates with them." In 2012, the character was named as one of the standout characters of the show's first 20 years. Billing also received a nomination for "Best Actress" in the 2012 New Zealand Television Awards. In 2013 Billing was again nominated for the TV Guide Best on the Box Award for "Best Actress", for which she won again. She stated, "I was very flattered and pleased to be considered'" and voiced her disbelief at beating co-star Shavaughn Ruakere (Roimata Samuels) following her sexual assault storyline. Billing also landed a nomination for "Sexiest Female". In the Ferndale Talk Best of 2013 awards, Sarah was runner up for "Favourite Character" whilst Billing was also runner up for "Favourite Actress". Sarah and TK won "Favourite Couple" and Sarah also won the character whom fans most want to return due to her temporary absence. In 2014 Billing was nominated for the fourth time in the TV Guide Best on the Box Award for "Best Actress".

Impact
The character has also received a lot of dislike with Billing stating the role takes a toll and; "one doesn’t like to play a character that people don’t have a lot of sympathy for. Shes a good doctor but she's a but useless in her private life." In November 2006, Fiona Rae of The Listener magazine, criticised the storyliners of the show, suggesting they had turned Sarah: "into a self-absorbed witch with a “b”. Fortunately for us, she does a mean drunk and gets to embarrass herself heaps." She was called "popular" by producer Jason Daniel in 2008. Billing herself reflected on the strong nature of her character, referring to her as "stroppy". One fan enjoyed the character to such an extent they made a false profile on social networking site, Myspace. They chose to create the page about Sarah as they liked the character and; "It's easy to create a page about a character with so many issues." During a speech at the show's 15th anniversary, the Prime Minister Helen Clark satirically suggested that the question of whether Sarah would marry TK was a major issue. The departure of Sarah alongside several other characters, saw what journalist Duncan Grieve described as a "disappointing" era of the show, where it entered a style of "regularity" and lacked "long-running and well-acted" characters and became a "blur". The New Zealand Woman's Day magazine listed Sarah as the best character of the soap's first 25 years.

The character's diagnosis with multiple sclerosis has also helped educate New Zealanders about the illness. Sufferers of multiple sclerosis praised the show, pleasing producer Jason Daniel who said; "The story has already examined the impact her diagnosis has on her personally and professionally. And in the future it will explore how she learns to live with her MS. I’m very pleased that the MS Society approves of our efforts so far, and I hope that audiences will continue to find Sarah's story inspiring and uplifting." Billing was pleased that fans of the show were so supportive of Sarah and TK and believed they saw their own families in the coupling, "I'm stoked that the audience is so supportive of them getting back together. Maybe it's because we all want Mum, Dad and the kids to be together." Billing believed that the love triangle between Sarah, TK and Roimata was relatable, "Everyone's had the experience of feeling that something's getting in the way."

Sarah and Andrew's (Paolo Rotondo) wedding was viewed by 676,400 people, landing more viewers than ratings juggernaut – Desperate Housewives. In 2006 an episode focused solely on the character of Sarah and was told through flashback. Daniel ensured viewers that fans of the TK/Sarah/Craig love triangle would thoroughly enjoy the episode.The July 2011 90-minute episode which concluded with Sarah giving birth, received incredibly high ratings with an audience of 834,200. Billing offered an opinion on the reason as to why Sarah's storyline concerning her daughter was so well received, saying; "When theres children involved, and love and illness, it gets really hard and I think the audience loves that." Producer, Steven Zanoski suggested part of the reason for the episodes success was the song Billing released as part of the marketing towards the Winter Season. The song, a cover of Ever Fallen in Love (With Someone You Shouldn't've) by Pete Shelley, peaked at number 24 in the New Zealand chart. The birth scene was also named by Television New Zealand as one of the top moments of 2011, and was voted by fans as one of the show's most iconic moments. The episode was the second most watched episode in the shows first 25 years on screen.

The episode airing Sarah's death drew 564,210 viewers, making it the second most watched television show in New Zealand that night. The week following the episode saw an average of 614,000 viewers and became the most watched week of the year. Following the episodes airing, 1.2 million Facebook comments were posted mourning the character. This reached 1.6 million by the end of the week. Television New Zealand set up a "Sarah Potts Tribute" website that some commentators saw as a blur between fiction and reality. The hashtag '#RIPSarahPotts' became the number one topic trending in New Zealand on Twitter following the episode. The episode featuring Sarah's funeral was the 10th most watched episode of the show in its first 25 years.

References

Shortland Street characters
Television characters introduced in 2004
Fictional physicians
Female characters in television
Fictional female doctors


Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality (PEVQ) is an end-to-end (E2E) measurement algorithm to score the picture quality of a video presentation by means of a 5-point mean opinion score (MOS). It is, therefore, a video quality model. PEVQ was benchmarked by the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) in the course of the Multimedia Test Phase 2007–2008. Based on the performance results, in which the accuracy of PEVQ was tested against ratings obtained by human viewers, PEVQ became part of the new International Standard.

Application
The measurement algorithm can be applied to analyze visible artifacts caused by a digital video encoding/decoding (or transcoding) process, radio- or IP-based transmission networks and end-user devices. Application scenarios address next generation networking and mobile services and include IPTV (Standard-definition television and HDTV), streaming video, Mobile TV, video telephony, video conferencing and video messaging.

The measurement paradigm is to assess degradations of a decoded video sequence output from the network (for example as received by a TV set top box) in comparison to the original reference picture (broadcast from the studio). Consequently, the setup is referred to as end-to-end (E2E) quality testing.

Algorithm
The development for picture quality analysis algorithms available today started with still image models which were later enhanced to also cover motion pictures. PEVQ is full-reference algorithm (see the classification of models in video quality) and analyzes the picture pixel-by-pixel after a temporal alignment (also referred to as 'temporal registration') of corresponding frames of reference and test signal. PEVQ MOS results range from 1 (bad) to 5 (excellent) and indicate the perceived quality of the decoded sequence.

PEVQ is based on modeling the behavior of the human visual system. In addition to an overall MOS score, PEVQ quantifies abnormalities in the video signal by a variety of KPIs, including PSNR, distortion indicators and lip-sync delay.

See also
 Mean opinion score
 Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)
 Subjective video quality
 Video quality

References

Further reading
 ITU-T Rec. P.910 Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications
 Digital Video Quality, Stefan Winkler, Wiley, March 2005,
 PEVQ Paper MMSP 2007, IEEE 9th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing
 VQEG Multimedia Test Plan and Final Report
 Testing MPEG based IP video QoE/QoS

External links
 PEVQ Technology Overview

Film and video technology
Digital television
Video codecs
Codecs
Videotelephony

de:PEXQ#Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality (PEVQ)


David Griffin may refer to:

David Griffin (actor) (born 1943), English actor
David Griffin (American football) (born 1991), American football offensive lineman
David Griffin (athlete) (1905–1944), Canadian Olympic athlete
David Griffin (basketball) (born 1973), American basketball executive
David Griffin (hurler) (born 1997), Irish hurler
David Griffin (politician) (1915–2004), Australian politician
David Griffin (swimmer) (born 1967), Australian swimmer
David Ray Griffin (1939–2022), American philosopher and theologian
Dave Lee Travis (born David Patrick Griffin; 1945), English radio presenter and DJ


The 2007 All-Pro Team is composed of the National Football League players that were named to the Associated Press, Pro Football Writers Association and Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2007. Both first and second teams are listed for the Associated Press.

These are the current teams that historically appear in Total Football: The Official Encyclopedia of the NFL. Although the NFL has no official awards according to the NFL spokesman Greg Aiello the NFL Record and Fact Book has historically listed All-Pro teams from major news sources such as the Associated Press, Sporting News, Pro Football Writers Association, as well as teams from organizations that no longer release All-Pro teams such as Newspaper Enterprise Association and United Press International.

The AP teams are selected by a national panel of 50 NFL writers. The Pro Football Writers Association team is from a poll of its more than 300 members and the editors and writers for Pro Football Weekly. The Sporting News's All-Pro team was determined through voting by professional NFL personnel directors.

Teams

Key
 AP = Associated Press first-team All-Pro
 AP-2 = Associated Press second-team All-Pro
 AP-2t = Tied for second-team All-Pro in the AP vote
 PFWA = Pro Football Writers Association All-NFL
 SN = Sporting News All-Pro

References
2007 AP All-Pro Team - ESPN.com
2007 All-Pro listing - Pro-Football-Reference.com

All-Pro Teams
Allpro


Solastalgia () is a neologism, formed by the combination of the Latin words sōlācium (comfort) and the Greek root -algia (pain, suffering, grief), that describes a form of emotional or existential distress caused by environmental change. It is best described as the lived experience of negatively perceived environmental change. A distinction can be made between solastalgia linked to distress about what is in the process of negatively perceived change and eco-anxiety linked to what may happen in the future (associated with "pre-traumatic stress", in reference to post-traumatic stress).

Origins
The word was coined by philosopher Glenn Albrecht in the 2005 article 'Solastalgia: a new concept in human health and identity'. He describes it as "the homesickness you have when you are still at home" and your home environment is changing in ways you find distressing. In many cases this is in reference to global climate change, but more localized events such as volcanic eruptions, drought or destructive mining techniques can cause solastalgia as well. Differing from nostalgic distress on being absent from home, solastalgia refers to the distress specifically caused by environmental change while still in a home environment.

More recent approaches have connected solastalgia to the experience of historic heritage threatened by the climate crisis, such as the ancient cities of Venice, Amsterdam, and Hoi An.

Effects
A paper published by Albrecht et al. in 2007 focused on two contexts: the experiences of persistent drought in rural New South Wales (NSW) and the impact of large-scale open-cut coal mining on individuals in the Upper Hunter Valley of NSW. In both cases, people exposed to environmental change had negative reactions brought about by a sense of powerlessness over the unfolding environmental changes. A community's loss of certainty in a once-predictable environment is common among groups that express solastalgia.

In 2015, an article in the medical journal The Lancet included solastalgia as a contributing concept to the impact of climate change on human health and well-being. A study review over solastalgia shows 15 years of scholarly literature on the understanding between climate change, how it is measured in literature, and how it affects people's mentality.

Research has indicated that solastalgia can have an adaptive function when it leads people to seek comfort collectively. Like other climate related emotions, when processed collectively through conversation that allows for emotion to be processed and reflective function to be increased, this can lead to resilience and growth.

Contexts

Employment
Hedda Haugen Askland outlines how distress is caused by a lack of interaction between the society in social and political ways, that in turn affect the experience of a community. Societies whose livelihoods are not closely tied to their environment are not as likely to express solastalgia and, in turn, societies that are closely tied to their environments are more susceptible. Groups that depend heavily upon agroecosystems are considered particularly vulnerable. There are many examples of this across Africa, where agrarian communities have lost vital resources due to environmental changes. This has resulted in an increase in the number of environmental refugees throughout Africa in recent years.

Wealth
Solastalgia tends to affect wealthier populations less. A study conducted in the western United States showed that higher-income families experienced the effects of solastalgia significantly less than their lower-income neighbors following a destructive wildfire. This is due to the flexibility wealth can provide. In this case, wealthy families were able to move from or rebuild their homes, reducing the uncertainty caused by the wildfire. Other studies have supported the existence of solastalgia in Appalachian communities affected by mountain-top removal coal mining practices. Communities located in close proximity to coal mining sites experienced significantly higher depression rates than those located farther from the sites.

See also
 Ecophobia
 Ecopsychology
 Environmental psychology
 Paradise, California

References

Environment and society
Neologisms
Nostalgia
Environmental impact by effect


The Giraffes is the third full-length album by the hard rock band The Giraffes. It was released on Razor & Tie, and is their first record with the company. The track "Honey Baby Child" was written by and recorded in memory of Pierre Michel.

Track listing

All songs written by the Giraffes, except "Honey Baby Child" written by Pierre Michel

"Jr. At His Worst" – 4:31
"Wage Earner" – 2:24
"Haunted Heaven" – 3:37
"Man U." – 5:14
"Having Fun" – 3:38
"Sugarbomb" – 5:16
"BLCKNTWHTCSTL" – 3:47
"Million $ Man" – 4:44
"79 & Weightless" – 4:24
"Honey Baby Child" – 5:45

Personnel

 Damien Paris – guitar, vocals
 Andrew Totolos – drums, vocals
 John Rosenthal – bass, piano, vocals
 Aaron Lazar – lead vocals, engravings
 Jason Martin – engineer
 Joel Hamilton – additional tracking, mixing & fixing, additional vocals
 Mike Jansson – additional vocals
 Chris Dell'Olio – additional vocals
 Jeremy Dillahunt – additional vocals
 Frank Callaghan – additional vocals
 Bennet Callaghan – additional vocals
 James SK Wān – bamboo flute
 Tzgani Design – album design
 Todd Kancar – album design, additional vocals
 Andreaus Vesalius – engravings
 Chris Dell'Olio at Mastermind Management – management

2005 albums
Razor & Tie albums
The Giraffes (Brooklyn band) albums


The men's discus throw event at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Soviet Union had an entry list of 18 competitors from 12 nations, with one qualifying group and the final (12) held on Monday July 28, 1980. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Viktor Rashchupkin of the Soviet Union, the nation's first medal and first victory in the men's discus throw. Imrich Bugár put Czechoslovakia back on the podium in the event after a one-Games absence, taking silver. Luis Delís earned Cuba's first men's discus throw medal with his bronze. The United States, which had earned at least one medal in every appearance of the event prior to 1980, missed the podium due to the boycott.

Background

This was the 19th appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. Returning finalists from the 1976 Games were silver medalist Wolfgang Schmidt of East Germany and tenth-place finisher Velko Velev of Bulgaria. Schmidt was the 1978 European champion and world record holder as well, but was bothered by an ankle injury. That injury, along with the absence of the American team due to boycott (1976 Olympic champion Mac Wilkins was still a top thrower, and four-time gold medalist Al Oerter had come out of retirement) left the competition open.

Kuwait and Syria each made their debut in the men's discus throw. Sweden made its 15th appearance, most of any nation competing, though tied with Hungary for second behind the United States's 18 appearances.

Competition format

The competition used the two-round format introduced in 1936, with the qualifying round completely separate from the divided final. In qualifying, each athlete received three attempts; those recording a mark of at least 62.00 metres advanced to the final. If fewer than 12 athletes achieved that distance, the top 12 would advance. The results of the qualifying round were then ignored. Finalists received three throws each, with the top eight competitors receiving an additional three attempts. The best distance among those six throws counted.

Records

Prior to the competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.

No new world or Olympic records were set during the competition.

Schedule

All times are Moscow Time (UTC+3)

Results

Qualifying round

The qualifying round was held on Sunday July 27, 1980.

Final

The home-nation officials may have provided some assistance to Raschupkin, as "Cuba's Luis Delís's final throw appeared to be a winning mark, but some observers thought it was marked at least a foot short."

See also
 1978 Men's European Championships Discus Throw (Prague)
 1982 Men's European Championships Discus Throw (Athens)
 1983 Men's World Championships Discus Throw (Helsinki)
 1986 Men's European Championships Discus Throw (Stuttgart)
 1987 Men's World Championships Discus Throw (Rome)

References

External links
 Results

D
Discus throw at the Olympics
Men's events at the 1980 Summer Olympics


Pakho Chau Pak-ho (; born 12 November 1984), is a Hong Kong Cantopop singer, songwriter, and actor. He signed with Warner Music Group and officially entered the Hong Kong music industry in 2007. He left Warner Music in July 2017 and subsequently joined Voice Entertainment and TVB New Media. He is also the founder of two fashion brands, XPX and CATXMAN.

Early and personal life
Having once represented Hong Kong in basketball, Chau has also worked as a lifeguard, swimming teacher, and piano teacher. Chau also enjoyed a brief stint as a part-time model signed to Hong Kong modelling agency Starz People, becoming a model and spokesperson for many large companies and brands in Hong Kong.

After a while, Chau decided to pursue his long-time passion for music, and saved up money to go abroad and learn more about music and production techniques. However, he was encouraged by his modelling manager to stay in Hong Kong, and was soon introduced to a well-known record producer in Hong Kong, Chan Kwong-Wing (陳光榮). After an initial meeting, Chau worked in Chan's recording studio as an unpaid engineer for almost two years, recording and producing demos and commercial jingles.

His musical talent was noticed by Chan, and soon Chau was offered a recording contract and signed to Warner Music Group in 2007.

On 2 December 2019, 35-year-old Chau and his wife secretly gave birth to their daughter, Chau Sum-yuet (SONYA). Chau said that the most romantic thing he ever did was to write a four-part song for his wife.

In March 2021, Chau expressed his support for cotton from Xinjiang, after several companies stopped purchasing the cotton due to concerns about human rights violations.

Career
Having played the piano since the age of 5, and being able to play the guitar, Chau is also a songwriter. From his debut EP Beginning, Chau wrote one song, and penned the lyrics for four others.

Due to his work experience as a recording studio engineer, Chau has also produced many of his own songs.

Chau’s debut single, "Same Sky" (同天空), became a hit song in Hong Kong. His second single, "Six Days" (六天) also achieved popularity.

Chau's popularity was determined within three days of the release of his debut EP Beginning, which sold more than 6000 copies. This resulted in a strong demand for a second shipment of his debut EP.

In May 2008, a duet with Cantopop starlet Stephanie Cheng was released, called "Nothing Done" (一事無成). This song became massively popular, achieving commercial success and reached the top of many music charts in Hong Kong.

In July 2008, in time for the Hong Kong Book Fair, Chau released a photo album, containing a collection of his own words and photos. This photo album was called "Here's Where It All Began" (我的開始在這裡), and sold extremely well, with a second edition being released in the following month.

Chau’s second album, entitled Continue, was released on 21 August 2008.

After releasing several singles, Chau released Follow on 10 July 2009. This collection consisted of 4 new tracks, and several previously released tracks. Following on from the previous year, Chau released another photo album for the Hong Kong Book Fair, called "This Is My Time Machine" (假如我有時光機).

In 2016, Chau’s singing career was in a state of rest. There were no new albums released throughout the year. He only took over "Good Take" and "My Wife Is a Star" throughout the year. In the same year, he founded his own brand CATXMAN, and on 26 November, he married his girlfriend in Phuket, Thailand.

In 2017, Chau returned to the music industry. In January, he released the new song "One Day" and the two champion song "Finally We". In February, he released the new song "How Do I Look" and the champion song "Near Thousand Miles" in collaboration with Wei Lan. Two new songs, "Angry Flower" and "Xiao", were released in March. Another new song, "Touchscreen", was released in April. In order to celebrate his tenth year in the industry, Chau held a three-time ONE STEP CLOSER concert celebration in Hong Kong Coliseum in April.

Chau and Charlene Choi’s first film, "Forgive Him 77 Times", was released on 15 June 2017, and the box office exceeded 10 million Hong Kong dollars within a week. The two released the chorus song "Please Love Me" on 25 April.

In 2019, Chau starred as the first male lead in the drama Wonder Women, starring opposite Miriam Yeung. With his role as Wing Ho-tin (Oppa), Chau won Most Popular Male Character at the 2019 TVB Anniversary Awards.

Chau, together with Benjamin Yuen, won the Best Host award for "The PakhoBen Outdoor Show" at the 2020 TVB Anniversary Awards.

Discography

Extended plays
 Beginning (2007)
 Continue (2008)
  Remembrance (2010)
 本體分裂 Splitting (2011)
 Get Well Soon (2012)
 同行 Together (2014)
 White (2015)
 Roundabout (2015)
 One Step Closer (2017)

Studio albums
 8 (2013)
 Keep Going (2014)

Concerts and tours

Concerts

Tours

One Step Closer Pakho Live 2017–2018

Filmography

Film
 Shrek the Third as the voice of "Gingerbread Man", in the Cantonese version (2007)
 Love Is Elsewhere (愛情萬歲) as "Joe Yeung" (2008)
 10 Promises to My Dog (我和尋回犬的十個約定) as the voice of "Yuichi", in the Cantonese version (2008)
 Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa as the voice of "Moto Moto", in the Cantonese version (2008)
 Basic Love (愛情故事) (2009)
 Out Of Proportion (玩大咗) (2009)
 Seven 2 One (關人7事) (2009)
 Split Second murders (死神傻了) (2009)
 I Corrupt All Cops (金錢帝國) (2009)
 Once a Gangster (飛砂風中轉) (2010)
 The Way We Were (2011)
 Hong Kong Ghost Stories (猛鬼愛情故事) (2011)
 Lan Kwai Fong (喜愛夜浦) (2011)
 I Sell Love (2014)
 Streets of Macao (2014)
 S for Sex, S for Secret (2015)
 12 Golden Ducks (12金鴨) (2015)
 Guilty (2015)
 Love Detective (2015)
 Super Models (2015)
 Big Fortune Hotel (2015)
 My Wife Is a Superstar (2016)
 Delusion (2016)
 Good Take! (2016)
 77 Heartbreaks (2017)
 The Sinking City – Capsule Odyssey (2017)
 Winning Buddha 2 (2019)
 The Infernal Walker (2020)
 77 Heartwarmings (2021)
 Death Notice (TBA)

Television series
 2008: This Is My Home (我是香港人) as Ah Siu
 2009: ICAC Investigators 2009 (廉政行動2009) as 周栢堅 (Kenny Chow Pak-kin)
 2016: A Time of Love 2 as 杜錦煇 (To Kam-fai)
 2017: Line Walker: The Prelude as 樂少峰 (Lok Siu-fung)
 2018: Another Era as 程凱 (Ching Hoi)
 TBA: The Spectator as 王覓希 (Wong Mik-hei)

Variety and reality show
 2022: Call Me by Fire (season 2) (披荊斬棘)

Other appearances
 2003: Wildchild (野仔) – Zhang Mou (張某)
 2004: Monie Tung (董敏莉) – Men And Women Eating (飲食男女), Pool Party (池畔派對)
 2004: Stephanie Cheng (鄭融) – Popular Applause (叫好叫座)
 2004: Renee Dai (戴夢夢) – Witness (當事人)
 2005: Hong Kong Baptist University Film And Television Works master's degree production – Life in the Works (活在筆下)
 2007: Elanne Kong (江若琳) – Wrong Love (錯愛)
 2010: Shiga Lin (連詩雅) – I Don't Wanna Be Lonely

Awards and nominations

References

External links

Official website

Official blog
Official blog
Pinkwork interview of his debut album

Cantopop singers
Hong Kong male singers
Living people
1984 births
21st-century Hong Kong male actors
21st-century Hong Kong male singers
Hong Kong male television actors
Hong Kong male film actors
Hong Kong fashion businesspeople


Paul Mauffray is an American conductor and laureat of the 2007 Bartók International Opera Conducting Competition, The American Prize for Conductors, and 1996 Freedman Conducting Competition. He has studied at the New Orleans Center for Creative Arts, Louisiana State University, Justus Liebig University (Giessen), Masaryk University (Brno), and earned a Masters of Music degree in Orchestra Conducting as an Associate Instructor / Assistant Conductor at Indiana University's Jacobs School of Music.

He has been engaged in the Czech Republic at the Prague National Theater and National Theater in Brno, and he has worked as assistant conductor to Sir Charles Mackerras with the Czech Philharmonic on recordings of Leoš Janáček's Kata Kabanova and Antonín Dvořák's Rusalka.  He has also worked as assistant conductor on operas at the Salzburg Festival, Theater an der Wien, and was a guest conductor at the Romanian National Opera, Bucharest, Schleswig-Holsteinisches Landestheater, Slovak National Theater (Bratislava, Slovakia), Opéra Louisiane, Mobile Opera Alabama, and the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

As an advocate for the revival of lost operas, Paul Mauffray recorded excerpts from the 1964 opera The Scarlet Letter by Fredric Kroll with the Brno Philharmonic, and he reconstructed George Whitefield Chadwick's Burlesque Opera of Tabasco which had been lost since 1894 and which he conducted with New Orleans Opera in 2018.

In 2018, Paul Mauffray was inducted as a national honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity and recognized as a Signature Sinfonian.

Orchestras
The orchestras which Paul Mauffray has conducted include the following:

Awards
 Second Place 2021, 2018, Third Place 2015, 2016, & 2019 Honorary Mention 2014 , The American Prize for Professional Conductors
 Second Prize, Béla Bartók International Opera Conducting Competition, Romania, 2007
 First Prize, Freedman Conducting Competition, U.S.A., 1996
 Honorary Mention & Semi-Finalist, Prague Spring International Conducting Competition, Czech Republic, 1995 & 2000

External links
 Official website
 Conducting videos
 Excerpts from "The Scarlet Letter" by Fredric Kroll
 Janáček Lachian Dances with folk ballet at Janáček Festival Hukvaldy 2014

References

American male conductors (music)
Living people
Louisiana State University alumni
Indiana University faculty
Jacobs School of Music faculty
Masaryk University alumni
21st-century American conductors (music)
21st-century American male musicians
Year of birth missing (living people)


Charles Griffin (1825–1867) was a U.S. Army officer and Union general.

Charles or Charlie Griffin may also refer to:
Charles A. Griffin (born 1884), American politician
Charles Griffin (baseball) (), American baseball player
Charles Griffin (Hudson's Bay Company), person involved in the Pig War
Charles D. Griffin (1906–1996), U.S. Navy admiral
Charles H. Griffin (1926–1989), U.S. Representative from Mississippi
Charlie Griffin (born 1979), English footballer


Dawn Kathleen McEwen (born Askin; July 3, 1980) is a Canadian retired curler from Winnipeg, Manitoba. She was the long-time lead for the Jennifer Jones rink, who became Olympic champions, winning gold for Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympics. McEwen is a two-time world champion in curling, having won with Jones at the 2008 World Championships and again at the 2018 World Championships. In 2019, McEwen was named the greatest Canadian female lead in history in a TSN poll of broadcasters, reporters and top curlers.

Career
McEwen was born at the Riverside Hospital in Ottawa, the daughter of Wayne and Jane Askin (née Machin).  She grew up in Ottawa, where she began curling at the RCMP Curling Club at age seven, before moving to the Rideau Curling Club for their junior program.  McEwen joined up with Jenn Hanna for the 2003–04 season playing as her second. In 2005, the team won the Ontario Scott Tournament of Hearts and lost in the final of the 2005 Scott Tournament of Hearts to Jennifer Jones.

In the 2006–07 season, McEwen was relegated to being the team's alternate so she could focus on her career. In 2007, she moved to Winnipeg and began playing for Jones. She won the Canada Cup with Jones in 2007. McEwen won her second provincial championship (first as a Manitoban) in 2008 and played in her second Tournament of Hearts with Jones, this time as a teammate, winning in the finals against Alberta. She would later win the 2008 World Women's Curling Championship that year with Jones, beating China in the final.

McEwen, together with the Jones team, would reach the final again in the 2009 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, this time as returning champions, and sealed their victory as repeating Canadian champions with a win. They would go to the 2009 World Women's Curling Championship in Korea but would suffer a defeat in the quarter-finals that put them out of the medal contention.

McEwen would continue as lead as the Jones team defended their title as Team Canada at the 2010 Scotties Tournament of Hearts. After tying for the lead in the round robin, the team would play PEI and go straight to the final, where they would have a rematch against PEI. After going down 6–3, the team would come from behind and win in extra ends; this was McEwen's third championship.

McEwen, with the Jones team, won at the 2013 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials, earning the right to represent Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi. They became the first and only women's team to go undefeated through the tournament, winning the gold medal.

The team's success continued, winning the 2015 Scotties Tournament of Hearts and winning a silver medal at the 2015 World Women's Curling Championship. In the 2017 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials, Team Jones lost in the semifinal to Rachel Homan, whose team would go on to represent Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympic Games. McEwen, along with her husband and fellow curler Mike McEwen, participated in the 2018 Canadian Mixed Doubles Curling Olympic Trials but did not qualify for playoffs with a 2–6 round robin record.

Following her fifth Scotties title at the 2018 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, McEwen and the Jones team went undefeated at the 2018 World Women's Curling Championship for her second world championship title.

With the addition of Jocelyn Peterman, who replaced Officer at second, the Jones team won the 2018 Canada Cup, defeating Kerri Einarson in the final. They also won the 2019 TSN All-Star Curling Skins Game over Tracy Fleury. At the 2019 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the team represented Team Canada, but missed playoffs.

In their first event of the 2019-20 season, Team Jones won the 2019 AMJ Campbell Shorty Jenkins Classic, defeating Tracy Fleury in the final. Next, they played in the 2019 Colonial Square Ladies Classic, where Fleury would take them out in the semi-finals. They had two quarterfinal finishes at the first two Slams of the season, the Masters and the Tour Challenge. The team struggled at the Canada Cup, finishing with a 2–4 record. The team made the final at the Boost National, losing to Team Hasselborg, and the quarterfinals at the Canadian Open. The team made the final of the 2020 Manitoba Scotties Tournament of Hearts and lost to Team Einarson. By virtue of their CTRS ranking, the team had a second chance to qualify for the 2020 Scotties Tournament of Hearts through the wild card play-in game, where they defeated Team Fleury to become Team Wild Card. At the Scotties, they finished the round robin and championship pool with a 9–2 record as the second seed in playoffs but lost to Kerri Einarson (Team Manitoba) in the 1 vs. 2 playoff game and to Rachel Homan (Team Ontario) in the semifinal to finish in third place. It would be their last event of the season as both the Players' Championship and the Champions Cup Grand Slam events were also cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On March 18, 2020, the team announced that Lisa Weagle, after parting ways with Team Homan, would join the team in a 5-player rotation.

McEwen did not play in any events with Team Jones during the abbreviated 2020–21 season as she was expecting her second child in April 2021. Despite her absence, her team won the 2020 Stu Sells Oakville Tankard and finished runner-up at the 2020 Stu Sells Toronto Tankard on the tour. The 2021 Manitoba Scotties were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba, so Curl Manitoba appointed the Jones rink to represent Manitoba at the 2021 Scotties Tournament of Hearts. At the 2021 Hearts, the team finished with a 9–3 record, putting them in a third-place tiebreaker match against Alberta, skipped by Laura Walker. Alberta defeated Manitoba 9–8 to advance to the semifinal. The team ended their season at the only two Grand Slam events of the abbreviated season. They missed the playoffs at both the 2021 Champions Cup and the 2021 Players' Championship.

Team Jones qualified for the playoffs in each of their first four tour events; however, they were not able to qualify for any finals. At the first Grand Slam of the season, the 2021 Masters, the team was able to reach the final before losing to Tracy Fleury in a 9–7 match. They then missed the playoffs at the 2021 National two weeks later.

A month later, Team Jones competed in the 2021 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials. There, the team posted a 5–3 round robin record, earning a spot in the semifinal. They then defeated Krista McCarville to qualify for the final, where they would face Fleury again. After a tight game all the way through, Team Fleury stole one in the ninth end to take a single-point lead. In the tenth end, Jones had an open hit-and-stick to win the game; however, her shooter rolled too far, and she only got one. This sent the game to an extra end. On her final shot, Fleury attempted a soft-weight hit on a Jones stone partially buried behind a guard. Her rock, however, curled too much and hit the guard, giving up a steal of one and the game to Team Jones. After the game, Jones said that "We're there to pick each other up when you miss, not everybody can say that and that's really a big strength of our team." With the win, Team Jones travelled to Beijing, China to represent Canada at the 2022 Winter Olympics. Through the round robin, the Canadian team had mixed results, ultimately finishing tied for third with a 5–4 record. However, because of their draw shot challenge results, which were the lowest of the teams they were tied with, they ranked fifth overall, missing the playoffs.

On March 15, 2022, Team Jones announced they would be parting ways after the 2021–22 season. McEwen also announced her retirement from competitive curling in March 2022.

Team Jones still had two more events together before parting ways, the 2022 Players' Championship and 2022 Champions Cup Grand Slams. At the Players', the team went 1–3, missing the playoffs. They then missed the playoffs again at the Champions Cup with a 1–4 record, ending the team's run together.

Personal life
McEwen married fellow curler Mike McEwen in 2013. They have two daughters, Vienna and Avalon. McEwen graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Communications from the University of Ottawa in 2004. She works as a case officer with the Government of Canada.

Teams

Notes

References

External links

1980 births
Living people
Canadian women curlers
Curlers from Ottawa
Curlers from Winnipeg
World curling champions
Canadian women's curling champions
Curlers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Olympic curlers for Canada
Olympic gold medalists for Canada
Olympic medalists in curling
Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Continental Cup of Curling participants
University of Ottawa alumni
Canada Cup (curling) participants
Curlers at the 2022 Winter Olympics


Bogdan Mihăiţă Vrăjitoarea (born 7 February 1978) is a Romanian former footballer.

Honours
Rocar București
Cupa României runner-up: 2000–01

External links

1978 births
Living people
Romanian men's footballers
FC U Craiova 1948 players
AFC Rocar București players
FC Dinamo București players
FC Astra Giurgiu players
ACF Gloria Bistrița players
FC Bihor Oradea (1958) players
FC Argeș Pitești players
FC Politehnica Iași (1945) players
FC Unirea Urziceni players
CSM Jiul Petroșani players
CSM Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț players
CS Mioveni players
CF Liberty Oradea players
LPS HD Clinceni players
AFC Turris-Oltul Turnu Măgurele players
Liga I players
Liga II players
Liga III players
Men's association football forwards
Footballers from Craiova


Ionel Sorin Trofin (born 31 January 1976) is a Romanian footballer who plays as a midfielder and also manages Liga IV club Moinești since 2009. In his career Trofin played in Liga I for: FCM Bacău, Farul Constanţa and Dacia Mioveni.

International career
Sorin Trofin played two games for Romania, both of them being friendlies against Algeria.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
People from Bălan
Romanian men's footballers
Romania men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Liga I players
Liga II players
FCM Bacău players
FCV Farul Constanța players
CS Mioveni players
Romanian football managers
Sportspeople from Harghita County


Kevin McIntyre (born 5 May 1978) is a Scottish former professional boxer who competed from 1998 to 2012. He held the British welterweight title from 2007 to 2008.

Early professional career
McIntyre's first fight as a professional boxer was in November 1998, at the Thistle Hotel, Glasgow, Scotland, when he beat fellow debutant Ray Wood with a fourth round knockout. He would become used to fighting in the city as for his next twelve fights he competed only there.  Of these fights 10 had been victories with only two defeats. McIntyre's 13th fight him saw him take his first substantial step up in class when he defeated former British and Commonwealth title challenger Michael Smyth on points over six rounds.  The fight of course took place once again in Glasgow.

Three more fights and three more wins later McIntyre fought for his first title belt in April 2002 against Craig Lynch at the Thistle Hotel in Glasgow.  On the line was the vacant BBBofC Scottish Area welterweight title with McIntyre winning the title with a ten-round point decision.  The result had elevated McIntyre to a decent record of 15–2.

Title challenges
The newly crowned Scottish champion would win his next five fights, victories which included a win over future English champion Nigel Wright.  In December 2003 McIntyre now with a record of 20-2 travelled to Manchester and fought for the full British welterweight title for the first time. It was also the first time he had fought outside Scotland.  The result ended in disappointment for Kevin after he was stopped by reigning champion David Barnes in the 8th round.  McIntyre's next two fights also took place in England and the Scotsman scored wins in Huddersfield and Hereford before returning to Glasgow to fight former victim Nigel Wright at the Braehead Arena.  The fight in November 2005 was to be an eliminator for the British light welterweight title and did not prove to be a happy homecoming for McIntyre when the fight was stopped in the very first round handing Kevin his fourth defeat.

The two defeats to Barnes and Wright had indicated that maybe McIntyre had found his level and this sense was further heightened, when, in his next fight in May 2006 he chose to travel to Stoke to fight Gary Reid.  The British Masters light welterweight title was on the line but McIntyre disappointed when the fight was once again stopped, this time in the 6th round handing victory to Reid, a man who himself at the time boasted a record of 10 wins with 15 defeats.

British champion
After losing against Reid, McIntyre spent almost a year out of the ring and returned in May 2007 with a victory over David Wakefield. He then followed this up by winning the BBBofC Celtic welterweight title against the previously unbeaten Tony Doherty in Cardiff's International Arena. In November 2007 McIntyre again found himself challenging for the British welterweight title and this time faced fellow Scot Kevin Anderson. McIntyre took the title from Anderson with a one sided points decision and had him on the canvas twice during the fight. McIntyre then in February 2008 fought an immediate rematch against Anderson at Glasgow's Kelvin Hall. The bout ended as another twelve-round points victory for McIntyre confirming that the first victory had not been a fluke against a man many respected as a very able champion.

Controversy was courted after McIntyre was then stripped of the title by the British Boxing Board of Control in June 2008 just four months after his first defence.  Injury had forced him to pull out of two scheduled defences against Sheffield's Kell Brook and this was deemed reason enough to strip him of the full title and allow Brook to challenge for the vacant version. Brook went on to win the vacant belt against Welshman Barrie Jones and claimed it via a 7th round stoppage leaving McIntyre empty handed.  Speaking of the stripping McIntyre alleged that the board of control had been pushed into the decision by Brook's promoter Frank Warren saying "The Board of Control were weak. They should have been a lot stronger and said, 'no wait a minute, it's not just about the promoter, it's about the fighters as well'".  The fighters will eventually face each other in November 2008 and will contest the belt in Glasgow's Kelvin Hall.  Speaking about his opponent McIntyre said "Brook is not shy in shouting his mouth off...He is the usual cocky up-and-coming kid who thinks he can beat the world...He hasn't been past seven rounds yet and he will quickly discover who really is out of his depth...I'll just let him rabbit on and look forward to taking care of him on the night."
As it happened the fight was to end in disappointment for the former champion as he suffered three knockdowns in the first round to leave nobody in any doubt as to who now had the right to call themselves champion of Britain.

See also
 List of British welterweight boxing champions

References

External links

1978 births
Scottish male boxers
Living people
Welterweight boxers
Sportspeople from Paisley, Renfrewshire


Boris Hambourg (;  – 24 November 1954) was a Russian Canadian cellist and music educator who settled in Toronto, Ontario, and made his career in the United States, Canada, England and Europe. With his father, the pianist Michael Hambourg, and his brother, the violinist Jan Hambourg, he co-founded the Hambourg Conservatory of Music in 1911. He succeeded his father as director of that school in 1916; remaining in that position until 1951.

Early life

Hambourg was born in Voronez, south Russia, the third son of Michael and Catherine Hambourg, and the younger brother of the pianist Mark Hambourg (1879–1960) and the violinist Jan Hambourg (1882–1947). The three sons came with their family to London in 1890; they were encouraged in music from an early age, and were taught instruments which enabled them to play together in chamber music ensemble, as the Hambourg Trio. Boris began his studies in 1892, and after devoting some time to piano, decided to specialize in the cello. He studied at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfort-am-Main from 1898 to 1903, taking lessons from Herbert Walenn and later from Hugo Becker.

Career
In 1903 Hambourg made a concert tour of Australia and New Zealand, and in 1904 he took part in the first Tchaikovsky Festival in Germany, held at Pyrmont. In 1904-1905 he went to Belgium at the invitation of Eugène Ysaÿe, who further developed his musical art in interpretation and style. Boris Hambourg made his London debut in 1905, and his American debut in 1910. He was a member of the Hambourg String Quartet (the other members being Jan Hambourg, John Robinson and Eric Coates).

Hambourg moved with his family to Canada, becoming a  naturalised Canadian in 1910. He performed with his family trio, and appeared as a soloist in many different places before settling in Toronto, where he took part in founding the Hambourg Conservatory of Music (a private school which closed in 1951), and became its Director.

He toured frequently with Toronto's Hart House String Quartet, and continued to appear in concert with many orchestras in the United States and Europe, and in England appeared as soloist with the Queen's Hall Orchestra and the London Symphony Orchestra. He remained a member of the Hambourg Trio until his death in 1954.

Sources
A. Eaglefield-Hull, Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians (Dent, London 1924).

1884 births
1885 births
1954 deaths
Russian classical cellists
20th-century Russian Jews
Canadian people of Russian-Jewish descent
Hoch Conservatory alumni
20th-century classical musicians
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Canada
Naturalized citizens of Canada
20th-century cellists


Dennis Michael Cavanaugh (born January 28, 1947) is a retired United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.

Early life and education

Cavanaugh was born on January 28, 1947, in Orange, New Jersey. He was raised as an Irish Catholic. Cavanaugh was educated at Morehead State University (Bachelor of Arts, 1969) and Seton Hall University School of Law (Juris Doctor, 1972). Cavanaugh teaches at Seton Hall as a member of the law school's adjunct faculty.

Career

Cavanaugh began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Francis W. Hayden in the New Jersey Superior Court (1972–73).  He was then an Assistant Deputy Public Defender for the New Jersey Office of the Public Defender (1973–77) before entering private practice in various law firms in New Jersey (1977–92). Cavanaugh's private practice includes his partnership at the law firms of McCormack Petrolle & Matthews (1992), Whipple Ross & Hirsh (1987–92) and Tompkins McGuire & Wachenfeld (1984–87).  He also served as a partner (1980–84) and associate (1977–80) at Lum Biunno & Tompkins. Cavanaugh was the Borough Prosecutor for the Borough of Caldwell (1988–89).

Federal judicial service

Cavanaugh was nominated by President Bill Clinton on May 3, 2000, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey vacated by Judge Alfred M. Wolin. Cavanaugh was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 21, 2000, and received commission on September 20, 2000. Cavanaugh was formerly a United States magistrate judge of the same district (1993–2000). His service terminated on January 31, 2014, due to retirement.

References

Sources

1947 births
Living people
Morehead State University alumni
Lawyers from Orange, New Jersey
Public defenders
Judges of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey
Seton Hall University School of Law alumni
United States district court judges appointed by Bill Clinton
United States magistrate judges
20th-century American judges
21st-century American judges


The Street is a collection of short stories by Mordecai Richler. It was originally published by McClelland and Stewart in 1969. The stories take place on Saint Urbain Street in Montreal.

Contents
Introduction by Mordecai Richler
"Going Home Again"
"The Street"
"The Summer My Grandmother Was Supposed to Die"
"The Red Menace"
"The Main"
"Pinky's Squealer"
"Bambinger"
"Benny, the War in Europe, and Myerson's Daughter Bella"
"Making It with the Chicks"
"Some Grist for Mervyn's Mill"
"The War, Chaverim, and After"

Film adaptation
In 1976, the title story The Street was adapted as an animated short by the National Film Board of Canada. Directed by Caroline Leaf, the film was nominated for an Academy Award for Animated Short Film.

Television adaptations
In 1979, CBC aired an award-winning (1980 Genie Awards) television movie The Wordsmith, adapted by Mordecai Richler from several stories in his book. The film was directed by Claude Jutra, and starred Saul Rubinek and Janet Ward.

"Bambinger" was adapted by Atlantis Films as one of the first episodes of the Global Playhouse anthology television series.

References

External links
Watch the animated short The Street online

1969 short story collections
Books by Mordecai Richler
New Canadian Library
Short stories adapted into films
Canadian short story collections
Montreal in fiction


Route 520 is the road which connects Kōloa and Poipū to Hawaii Route 50, the principal highway of the southern part of Kauai island in the state of Hawaii. It is under the jurisdiction of Kauai County, though it is numbered within the state numbering system.

Route description

Immediately south of where the road meets Route 50, the road (there known as Maluhia Road, meaning "peaceful") enters the Tunnel of Trees, a stand of Eucalyptus robusta, Swamp Mahogany. The stand, which lines either side of the road for more than a mile, providing shade and a characteristic smell. There are two versions of its planting. According to some, the trees were brought here and planted by the Knudsen family, at the time the largest landowner in the area to help stabilize the then soggy road over Knudsen Pass. Another story is that they were planted by pineapple baron Walter Duncan McBryde, who planted them as a community project in 1911, using 500 leftover trees from his landscaping of his estate at Kukuiolono. Before the construction of the Kaumualii Highway (Route 50), the tree tunnel was three times longer than its current size.

As Road 520 enters Kōloa, on the west side is the remains of the original Kōloa sugar mill, commemorated by a plaque and sculpture, erected in 1985 to commemorate the 150th anniversary of commercial sugar production in Hawaii.  The road forms a T with Kōloa Road at the center of Kōloa, and then continues to the south a few blocks further west under the name "Poipū Road." Kōloa Road continues west as Hawaii Route 530 continuing on south to Poipū. Poipū Road then splits off to the east to most of the town of Poipū. Route 520 then continues as Lāwai Road briefly, before it splits to the west leads to Spouting Horn and the National Tropical Botanical Gardens. The final stretch of the highway is marked as Hoonani Road, and terminates at Kōloa Landing.

History
The Maluhia Road section was formerly designated as Hawaii Route 52.

Major intersections

See also

 List of highways numbered 520

References

External links

 Route log

Transportation in Kauai County, Hawaii
 0520


Molecular Medicine is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research. It was established in 1994 by the Picower Institute for Medical Research, which had been established in 1991 by Anthony Cerami with funding from Jeffry Picower which eventually was absorbed into Feinstein.

It is published in paper format six times annually. Manuscripts are posted online when they are accepted for publication. The journal covers research on the molecular pathogenesis of disease and translation of this knowledge into specific molecular tools for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It offers a biweekly podcast "Mollie Medcast", launched in 2007, which includes brief summaries of recent articles.

In 2013 Feinstein began giving an annual award named after Cerami through the journal; the winner receives $20,000 and the offer to publish an autobiographical piece about their research and what drives it in the journal.

As of 2014, the editor-in-chief is Betty Diamond. Molecular Medicine is indexed by PubMed and the Web of Science. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2013 impact factor is 4.824.

References

link to the journal, Molecular Medicine published by BMC-SpringerNature - https://molmed.biomedcentral.com/

External links
 https://molmed.biomedcentral.com/

Open access journals
Academic journals established in 1994
General medical journals
English-language journals
Bimonthly journals


Primitive World is the debut album by indie rock band Littl'ans.

The album was recorded in July 2007 and mastered at Sterling Sound in New York City.

The album was released in Japan on 2 July 2008 and in the UK on 1 December 2008.

Track listing
"Don't Call It Love"
"Is It Wrong?"
"Everytime"
"Primitive World"
"Did You Hide from Saturday Night?"
"End Dead"
"Chelsea"
"Our Way"
"While on Your Way Back to Me"
"Here Comes the Night"

Japanese bonus tracks
"Aftermath"
"Stay Alive"
"Aweful All The Day"

Littl'ans albums
2008 debut albums


Jiquipilco Municipality is one of the municipalities of the State of Mexico in Mexico. It is north of the Toluca Valley, part of the region consisting of the southern and western slopes of Cerro La Catedral, which has a concentration of speakers of the Otomi language. It is about 40 km from Toluca, the state capital. The name is a corruption of Nahuatl “Xiquipilco”, meaning “in the saddlebags”. Jiquipilco is situated on the transversal volcanic axis that crosses Mexico in an area surrounded by lakes and volcanoes. This portion is called "Anahuac”.

Municipal seat
The town had a population of 1,880 as of the 2005 INEGI census. It lies at an elevation of 2,657 meters above sea level.

History
Jiquipilco came under Otomí rule ca. 1274 and developed into a locally powerful town. The Franciscans arrived in 1552 to evangelize the area and gave the already existing village the name of Juan de las Huertas for its abundance of fruit trees (huerta being Spanish for "orchard"), but its current name is San Juan Jiquipilco. The village was officially proclaimed by the Spanish on March 6, 1593.

Notable sites
In addition to the town chapel, other attractions are the sanctuary of Santa Cruz Tepexpán, which dates from the 16th and 18th centuries, and the chapel of San Felipe Santiago, constructed around the end of the 16th century. A number of colonial era buildings have been preserved such as the ex–haciendas of Mañí, Nixiní, Santa Isabel, Boximo, some of whose structures are in ruins.

Localities
As municipal seat, the town of Jiquipilco has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: Barrio Primero Buenos Aires, Bóximo, Buenavista, Buenos Aires, Colonia Benito Juárez, San Felipe Santiago, Colonia Flores Magón, Colonia la Purísima, Colonia Morelos, Dolores Amarillas, Ejido de Mañi, Ejido de Moxteje, Ejido de Santa María Nativitas, Ejido de Santa María Nativitas el Colector, Ejido Llano Grande (Planta Piloto), El Jaral (Tierra Montón), El Rincón Loma de Hidalgo,  El Santuario del Señor del Cerrito, Hacienda Nixini  Jiquipilco, La Nopalera, La Pastora, Las Golondrinas, Las Palomitas (Puerto Jiquipilli), Loma de Endotzi (Manzana Sexta), Loma de Hidalgo, Loma de San Felipe, Loma de San Pedro, Loma del Astillero, Loma del Madroño, Loma del Sitio, Loma Hermosa, Loma Hidalgo Colonia Benito Juárez, Loma Hidalgo Manzana Cuarta, Loma Vicente Guerrero, Los Ortiz, Manzana Cuarta, Manzana Cuarta de Santa Cruz Tepexpan, Manzana Primera la Capilla, Manzana Primera Parte Alta, Manzana Quinta (La Cañada), Manzana Quinta de San Bartolo Oxtotitlán, Manzana Segunda, Manzana Segunda de Santa Cruz Tepexpan, Manzana Sexta Parte Alta, Manzana Sexta Parte Baja, Manzana Sexta Parte Centro, Manzana Tercera (Bodo), Manzana Tercera de Santa Cruz Tepexpan, Manzana Tercera Juashi, Manzana Tercera Loma de Hidalgo, Manzana Tercera Panthé, Manzana Tercera Parte Baja, Moxteje, Palo Gacho, Pie del Cerro, Portezuelo, Primera Manzana de Santa Cruz Tepexpan, Ranchería de Mañi (Ex-hacienda de Mañi), Ranchería de Sila (Ejido de Sila), Rancho Alegre, Rancho Colorado, Rancho Loma de Malacota, Rancho los Quiroz, Rancho Santa Lucía, San Antonio Nixini, San Bartolo Oxtotitlán, San Felipe Santiago, San Francisco el Alto, San Isidro, San José del Sitio, San Martín Morelos, San Miguel Yuxtepec, Santa Isabel, Santa María Nativitas, Sección del Cerrito, and Tierra Blanca.

The municipality of Jiquipilco was founded in 1822 and has a total extension of 276.5 square km. It borders the following municipalities; San Bartolo Morelos, Villa del Carbón, Ciudad Nicholás Romero, Temoaya, Ixtlahuaca, and Jocotitlán. The population is 59,969.

A significant number of people leave the town every year in search of employment, mainly young people under 30. Many of them go to Mexico City or Toluca.

Modern Jiquipilco was founded on March 6, 1593.

The economy of Jiquipilco is based on agriculture and stockbreeding. The principal crops are wheat, barley and oats. Because of the difficult local topography, people continue to apply old techniques, and few farmers use mechanized equipment. Livestock is mainly represented by cattle, sheep, pigs and goats. The municipality also has abundant minerals, mostly nonmetallic, such as silica sand and gravel, and stone, obsidian and quartz, which find use in used mostly in construction  and road paving.

History
The Otomis first came to this area around 1274. According to legend, they settled here coming from a land called "Xicomostoc", where seven tribes of Otomis came from to settle in places like Jilotepec, Acxotlán, Tepexí as well as the highlands of Jiquipilco, here leading a hunting and gathering existence. The Purépecha fought here with the Otomis as they tried to conquer Matlatzinca lands. In 1478, the Aztecs invaded Matlatzinca lands, and the Aztec prince Azayácatzin personally battled the Otomi prince Tlilcuetepalin (the Black Lizard) who won the fight, thereby saving Xiquipilco.

After the Spaniards subjugated Toluca, Gonzalo de Sandoval, known as the right arm of Hernán Cortés, promised to bring Jiquipilco under Spanish dominion in 15 days; however, he found an area populated by men who preferred to die on the battlefield. The Spanish eventually did succeed in bringing Jiquipilco into the dominion of New Spain.

References

Municipalities of the State of Mexico


Passing Through is the second album by American singer/songwriter Owen Temple. It was released in 1999 on El Paisano Records.

Track listing
All songs (Temple) except where noted
“Downtown” - 3:43
“Driving Myself Crazy” (Temple, Paul Lee) - 3:18
“Can't Keep My Mind Off You” - 3:07
“Treat You Like I Do” - 4:21
“Lights of Town” - 4:08
“Open Window” - 2:25
“Listening to the A.M.” - 3:17
“House of Cards” - 3:24
“One Less Thing to Worry About” - 2:41
“Long Gone Daddy” (Hank Williams)- 3:08
“Passing Through” - 4:02
“I Wrote You a Waltz” - 2:41

Credits

Musicians
 Owen Temple - Acoustic
 Lloyd Maines - Electric guitar, Acoustic, Pedal steel, Mandolin, Dobro, Harmony vocals on "Can't Keep My Mind Off You" and "Passing Through"
 Michael Tarabay - Bass
 Darcie Deaville - Fiddle
 Bukka Allen - Accordion, Piano
 Mark Patterson - drums
 Zack Taylor - drums
 Fred Remmert - percussion
 Terri Hendrix - Harmony vocals on "Can't Keep My Mind Off You," "Open Window," "House of Cards," and "Passing Through"
 Ryan Lynch - Harmony vocals on "Downtown," "Driving Myself Crazy," "Treat You Like I Do," "Lights of Town," "Listening to the A.M.," "One Less Thing to Worry About," "Long Gone Daddy," and "Like We Still Care"

Production
Produced by Lloyd Maines
Engineered by Fred Remmert
Recorded at Cedar Creek Studios, Austin, Texas

Artwork
Art Direction/Design by Russ C. Smith
Photography by Stephen L. Clark and Owen Temple

Releases

External links
Owen Temple website
El Paisano Records website

References

Owen Temple albums
1999 albums


Exeter Union High School is located in  Exeter, California, in Tulare County.

Academics
Exeter Union High School currently offers a curriculum that prepares its students for higher education, vocational training, and direct entry into the workforce. In 2009 it was declared a California Distinguished School.

Notable alumni
 Floyd Collier (1924–2002), professional football player
 Satoshi Hirayama (born 1931), professional baseball player
 Brad Mills (born 1957), professional baseball player, coach, and manager
 Adam Pettyjohn (born 1977), professional baseball player
 Jeriome Robertson (1977–2010), professional baseball player

References

1908 establishments in California
Educational institutions established in 1908
High schools in Tulare County, California
Public high schools in California


Muncie Southside High School (SHS) in Muncie, Indiana, United States, was a public high school which had an enrollment of 1,075 during the 2007/2008 school year.  The school was part of the Muncie Community Schools Corp. It opened on September 6, 1962 and closed on June 13, 2014.  The school was located at 1601 E. 26th Street. The graduating class of 2014 was the final graduating class, the building has become a middle school, and high school students have consolidated into one high school at Muncie Central High School.

Notable alumni
 Brandon Gorin, football player
 Richie Lewis, baseball player
 Jamill Smith, football player

References

External links

Muncie Community Schools
Muncie Community Schools High School Consolidation Records Archives and Special Collections, Ball State University Libraries (PDF)
Muncie High School Consolidation Oral History Project Digital Media Repository, Ball State University Libraries

Educational institutions established in 1962
Public high schools in Indiana
Schools in Delaware County, Indiana
Buildings and structures in Muncie, Indiana
Education in Muncie, Indiana
1962 establishments in Indiana
2014 disestablishments in Indiana


The Diocese of Ischia () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Campania, southern Italy. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Naples. The diocese comprises the entire island of Ischia, which contains seven communes divided into two circumscriptions. In 1743, the population was about 4,000. The city of Ischia constituted one single parish, with two religious houses of men and one of women. In 2018, the population of the town of Ischia was 20,118.

History

The earliest known Bishop of Ischia, Pietro, was present at the Third Lateran Council of Pope Alexander III in 1079.

In July 1228, a major earthquake struck the island of Ischia. Upwards of 700 persons were killed.

In imitation of the Sicilians and their revolt against Charles I of Naples (the Sicilian Vespers, 1282), Ischia revolted, but was reconquered by Charles' son, Charles II, in 1299, and four hundred of his troops were set loose to sack and burn the properties.

The cathedral, dedicated to the taking up (Assumption) of the Virgin Mary into heaven, is located in the Castello Aragonese, at the eastern tip of the island of Ischia. It is inaccessible except by a steep climb on foot. In 1848, the cathedral was served and administered by a Chapter, composed of three dignities (the Primicerius, the Archdeacon, and the Archpriest) and sixteen Canons. All the Canons were appointed by the cathedral's patron, the King of the Two Sicilies.

Bishop Luca Trapani (1698–1718) presided over a diocesan synod, held in the cathedral from 31 May to 2 June 1716.

The diocesan seminary was begun by Bishop Nicola Schiaffinati, O.E.S.A. (1739–1743), but was not completed until the reign of his successor, Bishop Felice Amato (1743–1764). In order to finance the operation of the seminary, two parishes were suppressed, Santa Barbara in the Castello Aragonese, and San Domenico in Campagnano.

On 23 July 1762, a major earthquake struck Ischia, without loss of life, but with the destruction of the parish church at Casamicciola. On 18 March 1796, another earthquake struck the same area, and seven people died.

The Concordat of 1818 between the Holy See (Papacy) and the Kingdom of the two Sicilies provided for the consolidation of the diocesan structure of the kingdom by the elimination of some fifty dioceses. Ischia, after nineteen years without a bishop, was specified as one of those dioceses, and it was to be united to the diocese of Pozzuoli. Strong representations made by a delegation of Ischiani to the King, however, brought the diocese a reprieve.

Bishops

to 1800

...
Petrus (attested 1179)
Amenius (attested 1206)
...
Salvus (attested 1295)
...
Petrus (attested 1306)
...
Ugolinus de Auximo, O.P. (attested 1340)
Guilelmus (died 1348)
Thomasius (attested 1348)
Jacobus (attested 1359)
Bartolomeo Borsolari, O.E.S.A. (1359)
Paulus Strina (1384–1389)
Nicolaus Tinti, O.P. (1389–1418)
Lorenzo de Ricci (1419–1435)
Joannes de Sicilia, O.E.S.A. (1436–1453)
 Michele Cosal, O.Cist. (1453–1464)
Joannes de Cicho (1464–1501)
Bernardino de Leis, C.R.L. (1501–1504)
Donatus Strineo (1504–1534)
Agostino Falivenia (Pastineus), O.S.M. (1534–1548)
Francisco Gutiérrez (bishop) (1548–1554)
Virgilio Rosario (1554–1559)
Filippo Geri (1560–1564)
Fabio Polverone (1565–1589)
Iñigo de Avalos, C.R. (1590–1635)
Francesco Tontori (Tontolo), C.R.S. (1638–1663 Resigned)
Giovanni Antonio de' Vecchi (1663–1672)
Gerolamo Rocca (1672–1691)
Michelangelo Cotignola (1692–1698 Resigned).
Luca Trapani (1698–1718)
Gianmaria Capecelatro, C.R.L. (1718–1738)
Nicola Antonio Schiaffinati, O.E.S.A. (1739–1743 Died)
Felice Amato (1743–1764 Died)
Onofrio de Rossi (1764–1775)
Sebastiano de Rosa (1775–1792)
Pasquale Sansone (1792–1799)

since 1800

Sede vacante (1799–1818)
Giuseppe d'Amante (1818–1843 Died)
Luigi Gagliardi (1845–1854 Resigned)
Felice Romano (1854–1872 Died)
Francesco di Nicola (1872–1885 Died)
Gennaro Portanova (1885–1888)
Giuseppe Candido (1888–1901 Resigned)
Mario Palladino (1901–1913)
Pasquale Ragosta (1914–1925)
Ernesto de Laurentiis (1928–1956 Died)
Antonio Cece (1956–1962)
Dino Tomassini (1962–1970)
Diego Parodi, M.C.C.I. (1980–1983 Died)
Antonio Pagano (1983–1997 Retired)
Filippo Strofaldi (1997–2012 Resigned)
Pietro Lagnese (2013–2020 Appointed, Bishop of Caserta)
Gennaro Pascarella (2021–present)

Notes and references

Bibliography

Reference for bishops

Studies
Buonocore, O. (1926). La diocesi di Ischia Napoli.

Kamp, Norbert (1975). Kirche und Monarchie im staufischen Königreich Sizilien: I. Prosopographische Grundlegung, Bistumer und  Bistümer und Bischöfe des Konigreichs 1194–1266: 2. Apulien und Calabrien München: Wilhelm Fink 1975.

Scotti, Antonio (1848), "Ischia," in:

Ischia
Ischia
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ischia
1179 establishments in Europe
12th-century establishments in Italy
Ischia


Chris Burke-Gaffney aka "CBG" is a Canadian songwriter, producer, and artist manager. Burke-Gaffney also oversees the day-to-day operation of CBG Artist Development.

History

Burke-Gaffney started his career as singer/bassist for The Pumps (Polygram). He signed his first record deal as a teenager and toured with acts like Triumph, Guns N' Roses, and AC/DC. In his early twenties, he wrote his first top-ten single, "Miracle", for Orphan. His early songs continue to receive heavy airplay on classic rock radio.

Chris formed CBG Artist Development to manage and develop singer/songwriter Chantal Kreviazuk. He co-wrote / produced her Juno Award-winning and triple-platinum album, Under These Rocks and Stones. He also acted as her manager and partnered with The Peter Asher Mgmnt firm in LA.

Over the next decade CBG developed, managed and produced a number of artists including, soul/pop duo McMaster & James (BMG),  teenage, funk/soul prodigy Kyle Riabko (Aware/Sony) and Country artists, The Keats and MacKenzie Porter who exploded in Canada in 2015 with a Juno nomination, a CCMA nomination and 3 radio hits, including "If You Asked Me To", co-written by CBG.

He continues to write, produce and develop talent working out of Nashville, LA and his home in East St. Paul, Canada where he lives with his wife, Jewls.

Songs written by Burke-Gaffney have been used in numerous movies and television shows including Chicago Hope, Malcolm in the Middle, The Real World, Heartland and Providence.

Awards and recognition
Best Aboriginal Recording (Eagle & Hawk, Juno Awards), Album Of The Year and Best Folk Album (Little Hawk Aboriginal Music Award), Manager of The Year (2000, 2001, 2002 - PMA Awards), Manager of The Year (2005 - WCMA Awards),  SOCAN Songwriter Award for the smash hit "Thank You" in 2001, the 2nd most airplay in Canada after Celine Dion. Topped the Australian Country radio chart with the #1 single, "Serves You Right" in 2011, MCMA Songwriter of The Year 2017, Juno Nomination for Indigenous Recording 2018.

References

See also
The Pumps and Orphan (Official Website)
CBG Artist Development Personnel Profiles
Songwriters Association of Canada: Chris Burke-Gaffney (Director)

Living people
Canadian male songwriters
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Musicians from Winnipeg


João Carlos Pinto Chaves (born 1 January 1982), known as just João Carlos, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a central defender.

Career
Born in Rio de Janeiro, João Carlos has played professionally in Brazil, Bulgaria, Belgium and Russia for Vasco da Gama, CSKA Sofia, Lokeren, Genk and Anzhi Makhachkala.

Honours
Genk
Belgian Cup: 2008–09

References

External links
João Carlos at ZeroZero

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
CR Vasco da Gama players
PFC CSKA Sofia players
K.S.C. Lokeren Oost-Vlaanderen players
K.R.C. Genk players
FC Anzhi Makhachkala players
FC Spartak Moscow players
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
Belgian Pro League players
Russian Premier League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Bulgaria
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Russia
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Expatriate men's footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Al Jazira Club players
Men's association football defenders
UAE Pro League players


Jan Hambourg ( – 29 September 1947) was a violinist, a member of a famous musical family, who made his career in Europe during the early 20th century.

Jan Hambourg was born in Voronezh, Russian Empire, the middle brother between the famous pianist Mark Hambourg (b. 1879) and the distinguished cellist Boris Hambourg (b. 1884), the sons of pianist Michael Hambourg (1855-1916). Jan studied first in London with August Wilhelmj and Émile Sauret, then in Frankfort-am-Main with Hikeerman, in Prague with Otakar Ševčík and in Brussels with Eugène Ysaÿe, who also gave instruction to his brother Boris. Jan made his debut in Berlin in 1905. In 1911 he co-founded the Hambourg Conservatory of Music with his father and his brother Boris. Jan and Boris succeeded their father as co-directors of the school in 1916. In 1916 he married Isabelle McClung, the daughter of Judge Samuel McClung of Pittsburg. In 1920 he moved to Europe where he was active as a concert violinist. He died in Tours, France.

References

1882 births
1947 deaths
Violinists from the Russian Empire
20th-century Russian Jews
Jewish violinists
Male violinists
Soviet violinists
20th-century violinists
20th-century Russian male musicians


"Spanish" is a song by British singer Craig David. It was written by David, Trevor Henry, and Anthony Marshall for his second album Slicker Than Your Average (2002), with production helmed by the latter. The song was released as the album's fourth single and became a tenth top ten hit on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number 8 and spending six weeks inside the top 75. "Spanish" saw David incorporate Spanish elements into his music for the first time, including a feature by Spanish rapper Duke One. In Australia, "Spanish" was skipped and "World Filled with Love" was released there as the fourth single instead.

Music video
A video for "Spanish" was directed by directing team Calabazitaz.

Track listing

Notes
  signifies an additional producer

Charts

Release history

References

2003 singles
Atlantic Records singles
Craig David songs
Edel AG singles
Songs written by Craig David
Telstar Records singles


Exit Ten is the first EP by the British progressive metal band Exit Ten.

Track listing
  "Absence Of Forgiveness"   – 5:25
  "Paralisé"  – 3:25
  "Sold Out"  – 4:07
  "Sound Of BC"  – 3:38

Credits
 Ryan Redman  - Vocals
 Stuart Steele  - Guitar
 Joe Ward - Guitar
 James Steele - Bass
 Chris Steele - Drums
 Mark Williams - Production

Exit Ten albums
2004 EPs


Henry James Clark (July 22, 1826 – July 1, 1873) was an American naturalist.

Biography
He was born in Easton, Massachusetts, July 22, 1826. He graduated at New York University 1848; became a pupil of Asa Gray at the Cambridge botanical garden; graduated at the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard 1854; assistant to Louis Agassiz till 1863, and also for three years adjunct Professor of Zoology at the Lawrence Scientific School; Professor of Natural Sciences in Pennsylvania State College, near Bellefonte, 1866–69; Professor of Natural History in University of Kentucky, Lexington, 1869–72; Professor of Veterinary Science in Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, from 1872 until his death there July 1, 1873. He contributed to the Smithsonian publications, to the Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and to other learned periodicals. Author of Mind in Nature (Cambridge, 1863) and of the Mode of Development of Animals (New York, 1865). See A. S. Packard, Jr.'s Memoir in Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (Washington, 1877).

In later life, he used the double-barrelled surname James-Clark.

References

External links
Memoir by Packard at Google Books accessed January 29, 2008
National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

1826 births
1873 deaths
American naturalists
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences alumni
Harvard University staff
Pennsylvania State University faculty
University of Kentucky faculty
People from Easton, Massachusetts
University of Massachusetts Amherst faculty