Jordy Ray Nelson (born May 31, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for 11 seasons with the Green Bay Packers and the Oakland Raiders. He played college football at Kansas State, where he received All-American honors, and was selected by Green Bay in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft. During his tenure in Green Bay, he won Super Bowl XLV with the team over the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 2010 season. After spending 10 seasons in Green Bay, he played one year with the Raiders before announcing his retirement. In 2023, he was inducted into the Packers Hall of Fame.

Early life
Nelson was born in Manhattan, Kansas, to Alan and Kim Nelson, farmers who lived in Riley and had season tickets to Kansas State football games. The Nelson farm, established by his great-great-grandfather who immigrated from Sweden, has been in the family for four generations.

Nelson attended Riley County High School in Riley, Kansas, and played football for the Falcons. During his senior year playing quarterback, he completed 62 percent of his passes for 1,029 yards and eight touchdowns. Nelson also rushed for 1,572 yards, averaging 9.8 yards per carry with 25 touchdowns. He was named Flint Hills Player of the Year by the Manhattan Mercury. In 2003, he played in the Kansas Shrine Bowl. In addition to football, he was an all-state basketball player, averaging 17.2 points per game his senior year.

Nelson was an outstanding track and field athlete and won a national AAU championship in the 400 meters as a 10-year-old. In 2003, his senior year at Riley County High School, he won the state titles in Class 3A in the 100 meters, with a time of 10.63 seconds; 200 meters, with a time of 21.64 seconds; 400 meters, with a time of 48.79; and long jump, with a leap of 7.00 meters. Nelson became the third player from Riley County High School to make the NFL, joining Jon McGraw and Homer Hanson.

College career
Nelson attended Kansas State University, where he played for coach Bill Snyder's Wildcats football team from 2003 through 2005. When Snyder retired after the 2005 season, Nelson remained with Kansas State and played the rest of his college career (2006 and 2007) under Ron Prince.

2003–2004 seasons
Nelson began his college career as a walk-on at Kansas State and took his redshirt year as a member of the Wildcats' 2003 Big 12 Championship team.

For 2004, Nelson was set to play defensive back, but during spring practice following his first year, Snyder moved him to the wide receiver position. He did not record any meaningful statistics in the Wildcats' 4–7 season in 2004.

2005 season
In the Wildcats' season opener against FIU, Nelson had four receptions for 36 yards and caught his first career collegiate touchdown, an eight-yard pass from quarterback Allen Webb, in the fourth quarter of the 35–21 victory. Including the season opener, Nelson caught a touchdown in seven straight games that he appeared in. In that seven-game stretch, Nelson's best performance came against Oklahoma in a 43–21 loss where he had three receptions for 107 yards and a touchdown, which was a 73-yard reception from Webb. Kansas State struggled down the stretch of the season and did not make a bowl game with a 5–6 record. In the final game of the season, Nelson had seven receptions for 74 yards and a touchdown in a 36–28 victory over Missouri.

During his sophomore season, Nelson caught 45 passes for 669 yards and eight touchdowns. He led the team in all major receiving categories.

2006 season
In his junior season, Nelson was listed on the Biletnikoff Award watchlist, which is an award for the most outstanding receiver in college football. Injuries kept him off the field most of his junior year, leading to a disappointing junior season.

Nelson did have some highlights in the 2006 season despite not getting to play as much. In the season opener against Illinois State, Nelson had four receptions for 62 yards in the narrow 24–23 victory. On November 4, against Colorado, Nelson turned in his best effort of the season with five receptions for 117 yards and a touchdown in the 34–21 victory. One week later, against the #4 Texas Longhorns, Nelson had a quiet day with only three receptions for 15 yards, but he threw a successful pass for 28 yards in the upset 45–42 victory. The Wildcats qualified for the Texas Bowl with a 7–5 record. In the 37–10 loss to #16 Rutgers, Nelson had four receptions for 81 receiving yards. Overall, Nelson finished the 2006 season with 39 receptions for 547 receiving yards and one receiving touchdown. He led the team in receptions and receiving yards.

2007 season
After going unnoticed during his junior year, Nelson broke out during his senior year and was among the nation's best wide receivers. In the season opener against #18 Auburn, he had nine receptions for 90 yards. In addition, he threw a 21-yard touchdown pass to running back Leon Patton in the third quarter of the 23–13 loss. Two weeks later, against Missouri State, he had a great performance with 15 receptions for 209 yards and a touchdown in the 61–10 victory. For the second time in his senior season, he threw a touchdown pass, which was a 24-yard pass to wide receiver Deon Murphy. Two weeks later, against #7 Texas, Nelson had 12 receptions for 116 yards and a touchdown in the 41–21 victory. In addition, he had an 89-yard punt return touchdown. The next week, against Kansas, Nelson had another great outing with 10 receptions for 137 yards and a touchdown in the 30–24 loss. After the 47–20 victory over Colorado, Nelson put together a string of six consecutive games with a receiving touchdown to end the season. On October 20, against Oklahoma State, Nelson had 12 receptions for 176 yards and three touchdowns in the 41–39 loss. Against the Baylor Bears, Nelson had eight receptions for 105 yards and a touchdown. In addition, he had a 92-yard punt return touchdown in the 51–13 victory. Against Iowa State on November 3, Nelson had 14 receptions for 214 yards and touchdown in the 31–20 loss. In the following game against Nebraska, Nelson had nine receptions for 125 yards and a touchdown in the 73–31 loss. Against #6 Missouri the next week, he had eight receptions for 94 yards and a touchdown in the 49–32 loss. Against Fresno State, Nelson had 15 receptions for 165 yards and a touchdown in the 45–29 loss. The game against Fresno State was the last game of Nelson's college career as the loss knocked Kansas State out of bowl eligibility.

Nelson earned consensus All-American honors and was a finalist for the Biletnikoff Award after catching 122 passes for 1,606 yards and 11 touchdowns. Nelson also showed his versatility by throwing two touchdown passes and returning two punts for touchdowns. At the time his collegiate career ended, he was second in school history in receptions, receiving yards, and receiving touchdowns to Kevin Lockett in records going back to 1956.

College statistics

Professional career

Green Bay Packers

2008 season: Rookie year
Nelson was selected in the second round with the 36th overall pick in the Green Bay Packers in the 2008 NFL Draft. He was the third wide receiver taken in the draft, after Donnie Avery and Devin Thomas. In addition, he was one of two Kansas State Wildcats to be selected that year. He was the highest drafted wide receiver out of Kansas State since Quincy Morgan went 33rd overall in 2001.

On July 27, 2008, Nelson signed his rookie contract with the Packers.

Nelson entered a wide receivers group that contained Donald Driver, Greg Jennings, and James Jones. He made his NFL debut in the Packers' season opener against the Minnesota Vikings. He was targeted once and had a 23-yard kickoff return in the 24–19 victory. He scored his first touchdown reception on September 14, 2008, in Week 2 against the Detroit Lions, a 29-yard pass from quarterback Aaron Rodgers. The touchdown was his lone reception in the 48–25 victory. Nelson was a steady presence for the Packers over the course of the season. From Week 3 to Week 13, he totaled 25 receptions for 267 receiving yards. Nelson recorded his second receiving touchdown, a nine-yard reception, in a Week 14 24–21 loss to the Houston Texans. The season was a struggle for Nelson and the Packers as they finished 6–10 and missed the playoffs. Nelson finished his rookie campaign with 33 receptions for 366 receiving yards and two touchdowns.

2009 season
In the 2009 season, Nelson played in 13 games for the Packers, catching 22 passes for 320 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. In addition, he saw action as the primary kick returner along with Tramon Williams. Nelson recorded 25 kickoff returns for 635 net yards for a 25.40 average to go along with 17 punt returns for 90 net yards for a 5.29 average.

Nelson and the Packers finished 11–5 and made the playoffs as the fifth seed. The Packers fell to the Arizona Cardinals in the Wild Card Round by a score of 51–45. Nelson had one reception for 11 yards and a receiving touchdown to go along with four kickoff returns for 79 net yards in his playoff debut.

2010 season: Super Bowl season
Nelson's role with the Packers expanded in the 2010 season. Over the first ten games of the season, Nelson totaled 29 receptions for 301 receiving yards to go along with some kick return duties. On November 28, in Week 12, Nelson had five receptions for 61 yards and his first receiving touchdown of the season in the 20–17 loss to the Atlanta Falcons. Nelson's touchdown was a game-tying ten-yard reception with only 56 seconds remaining. On December 26, in Week 16, he had four receptions for 124 yards and a touchdown, which was an 80-yard reception, in the 45–17 victory over the New York Giants.

In the 2010 season, Nelson set career highs with 582 receiving yards and 45 catches, while catching two touchdown passes for the third straight year. Following the injury to Aaron Rodgers against the Detroit Lions on December 12, 2010, it was revealed that Nelson was third on the Packers' quarterback depth chart.

Nelson and the Packers made the playoffs as the sixth seed after a 10–6 regular season. Nelson had a quiet day with only one target against the Philadelphia Eagles in the 21–16 narrow victory in the Wild Card Round. He picked it up in the Divisional Round against the Atlanta Falcons with eight receptions for 79 yards and a touchdown in the 48–21 victory. In the NFC Championship, against their longtime rival Chicago Bears, he had four receptions for 61 yards in the resounding 21–14 victory over the NFC North champions. With the victory, he advanced to his first appearance in the Super Bowl.

Two weeks later, Nelson caught a 29-yard touchdown pass on third-and-1 with Steeler William Gay covering for the first score of Super Bowl XLV. "This was Jordy last week: 'I think we need to convert on third downs to win the game.' ... Rodgers threw a terrific pass, capping an 80-yard touchdown drive," a live-blog reported. He recovered from a drop early in the fourth quarter to catch a 38-yard pass on the next play, taking the Packers to the Steelers' two-yard line. Nelson was the top receiver of the game with nine receptions for 140 yards, which were both career highs.  In addition, he gained 19 more yards on a kick return in the third quarter of the 31–25 victory. Nelson, with 140 receiving yards, broke Max McGee's long-standing franchise record of 138 in Super Bowl I for receiving yards in a single Super Bowl.

2011 season

On September 18, he recorded an 84-yard touchdown reception for his only catch in the 30–23 victory over the Carolina Panthers in Week 2. Nelson signed a three-year, $13.35 million contract extension early into the season on October 2, 2011. On October 16, Nelson had two receptions for 104 yards, which included a  93-yard receiving touchdown, in the 24–3 victory over the St. Louis Rams in Week 6. On November 14, he had five receptions for 63 yards and two touchdowns in the 45–7 victory over the Minnesota Vikings in Week 10. Nelson continued his good stretch the next week on November 20, when he had six receptions for 123 yards and two touchdowns in the 35–26 victory over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 11. On Christmas Day, he had six receptions for 115 yards and two touchdowns in the 35–21 victory over the Chicago Bears in Week 16. In the regular season finale on January 1, 2012, he had nine receptions for 162 yards and set a new-career high with three receiving touchdowns in the 45–41 victory over the Detroit Lions.

Nelson finished the 2011 regular season with career highs in touchdowns (15), receptions (68), and receiving yards (1,263). He had a career-high 18.57 yards-per-reception, which finished fifth in the league that season. He moved into sole possession of third place for most receiving touchdowns in a single season in Packers franchise history, behind only Sterling Sharpe (18) and Don Hutson (17). He was named a Pro Bowl alternate.

The Packers went 15–1 in the 2011 regular season and earned the first seed in the NFC and a first round bye. However, Nelson and the Packers fell to the eventual Super Bowl XLVI champion New York Giants in the Divisional Round of the playoffs and ended their chance of a repeat championship. Nelson had three receptions for 39 receiving yards in the 37–20 loss. Nelson was ranked 80th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2012.

2012 season
On September 30, Nelson had eight receptions for 93 yards and a touchdown, which was the go-ahead score for the Packers in the fourth quarter, in the 28–27 victory over the New Orleans Saints in Week 4. On October 14, he had nine receptions for 121 yards and tied his career-high with three touchdowns in the 42–24 victory over the Houston Texans in Week 6. On October 21, he had eight receptions for 122 yards and a touchdown in the 30–20 victory over the St. Louis Rams in Week 7. On December 30, 2012, Nelson had three receptions for 87 yards and a touchdown in the 37–34 overtime loss the Minnesota Vikings in the regular season finale. He scored the tying touchdown late in the fourth quarter of the game.

In the 2012 season, Nelson played in 12 games, starting ten; he missed four games and most of another two games due to a hamstring injury. He had 49 receptions for 745 yards and scored seven touchdowns in the 2012 season.

Nelson and the Packers finished with an 11–5 record, won the NFC North and made the playoffs as the third seed. In the Wild Card Round, against the Minnesota Vikings, he had three receptions for 51 receiving yards in the 24–10 victory. In the Divisional Round, against the San Francisco 49ers, he had five receptions for 46 receiving yards in the 45–31 loss.

2013 season
On September 8, 2013, Nelson started the season with seven receptions for 130 receiving yards and a receiving touchdown in the 34–28 loss to the San Francisco 49ers. The next week, he had three receptions for 66 yards and two touchdowns in the 38–20 victory over the Washington Redskins.  On October 27, he had seven receptions for 123 yards and two touchdowns in the 44–31 victory over the Minnesota Vikings in Week . One of the touchdown receptions was a 76-yarder in the second quarter  Nelson closed out his 2013 regular season on December 29, when he had 10 receptions for 161 yards in the 33–28 victory over the Chicago Bears, which ended up giving the Packers the NFC North title.

In the 2013 season, Nelson posted career highs with 85 receptions for 1,314 yards, for a 15.46 yards-per-catch average, and eight touchdowns. In the 2013 season, he started all 16 games for the first time in his career and was again named as a Pro Bowl alternate.

Nelson and the Packers finished with an 8–7–1 record and made the playoffs in the 2013 season. However, they fell to the San Francisco 49ers in the Wild Card round by a score of 23–20. He was ranked 83rd by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2014.

2014 season
On July 26, 2014, Nelson signed a four-year extension worth $39 million, receiving an $11.5 million signing bonus toward a guaranteed $14.2 million.

In the season opener against the defending Super Bowl XLVIII champion Seattle Seahawks, Nelson had nine receptions for 83 yards in the 36–16 loss. During Week 2 against the New York Jets, Nelson recorded an 80-yard receiving touchdown in the third quarter. He ended up having nine receptions for a career-high 209 yards and a touchdown. It was his first career 200-yard receiving game as the Packers defeated the Jets, 31–24, despite having trailed 21–3. He became the first Packer since Javon Walker in 2004 to have 200 or more receiving yards in a single game. On September 28, he had ten receptions for 108 yards and two touchdowns in the 38–17 victory over the Chicago Bears. On October 2, he had a 66-yard touchdown reception in the 42–10 victory over the Minnesota Vikings. On November 9, he had six receptions for 152 yards and two touchdowns in another strong performance against the Chicago Bears, this time a 55–14 victory. On December 8, he had eight receptions for 146 yards and two touchdowns in the 43–37 victory over the Atlanta Falcons. On December 21, he caught all nine of his targets for 113 yards and a touchdown in the 20–3 victory over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

With a career-high 1,519 receiving yards on the season, Nelson passed Robert Brooks (1,497) to capture the franchise record for receiving yards in a season. His seven games with at least 100 receiving yards finished second to Brooks, who had nine games reaching the plateau in the 1995 season.

Nelson and Packers went 12–4 and made the playoffs in the 2014 season. As the second seed, they earned a first-round bye. In the Divisional Round against the Dallas Cowboys, he had a quiet day with two receptions for 22 yards but the team was able to advance in a 26–21 victory. In the NFC Championship, he had five receptions for 71 yards as the Packers fell to the defending Super Bowl champion Seattle Seahawks by a score of 28–22 in overtime. He was named to his first career Pro Bowl for the 2014 season. He was ranked 18th by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2015.

2015 season: Lost season
In a Week 2 preseason game against the Pittsburgh Steelers at Heinz Field, Nelson caught an eight-yard pass from Aaron Rodgers, but then fell to the turf without contact. He limped to the sidelines with an apparent knee injury and did not return to the game. MRI scans deemed that Nelson had torn the ACL in his right knee. He remained inactive for the remainder of the 2015 season.

2016 season
Nelson returned from his injury to start the 2016 season on time. In Week 3, he had six receptions for 101 yards and two receiving touchdowns in the 34–27 victory over the Detroit Lions. On November 13, he was targeted a career-high 18 times and had 12 receptions for 126 yards and a touchdown in the 47–25 loss to the Tennessee Titans. On December 4, he had eight receptions for 118 yards and a receiving touchdown in the 21–13 victory over the Houston Texans. On December 11, he had six receptions for 41 yards and two touchdowns in the 38–10 victory over the Seattle Seahawks. In Week 15, he caught a 60-yard pass from Rodgers to put the Packers in position to kick a field goal and win against the Bears 30–27. On Christmas Eve, he had nine receptions for 154 yards and two touchdowns in another strong performance in the 38–25 victory over the Minnesota Vikings. It was his 25th and final 100+ yard receiving game for the Packers, third only to James Lofton and Sterling Sharpe in franchise history.

Nelson and the Packers finished with a 10–6 record, won the NFC North and reached the playoffs as the fourth seed in the 2016 season. In the Wild Card round against the New York Giants, he had one reception for 13 yards in the 38–13 victory. Due to a rib injury sustained against the Giants, he did not play in the Divisional Round against the Dallas Cowboys, but the Packers won 34–31 and advanced. The next week, despite having broken ribs, Nelson returned and six receptions for 67 yards and a touchdown, but the team fell to the Atlanta Falcons by a score of 44–21 in the NFC Championship in the final NFL game at the Georgia Dome.

Nelson's successful return season had 97 receptions, 1,257 receiving yards, and 14 touchdowns in 2016. His 14 receiving touchdowns led the NFL for the 2016 season. He was named the NFL Comeback Player of the Year for the 2016 season after missing the entire 2015 season with the torn ACL. At the 2017 ESPY Awards won the award for Best Comeback Athlete. He became the sixth receiver in franchise history to record three consecutive seasons with at least 1,000 receiving yards. He finished the season in the top ten active players in touchdown and receiving yards. Nelson was ranked 48th by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017.

2017 season
On September 10, 2017, in the season opener against the Seattle Seahawks, Nelson caught the lone passing touchdown from Aaron Rodgers as part of a seven-reception, 79-yard performance in the 17–9 victory. Four of Nelson's receptions gave the Packers first downs in the close game. In Week 2, against the Atlanta Falcons, Nelson left with a minor injury early in the game, breaking a streak of 53 consecutive games with a reception dating back to Week 9 of 2012. The next week, against the Cincinnati Bengals, he caught two touchdowns to pass Sterling Sharpe for second in franchise history in the 27–24 overtime victory. Nelson's second touchdown in the game was a tying-score with only 17 seconds remaining to help force overtime. In Week 6 against the Minnesota Vikings, Aaron Rodgers was taken off the field by his coaches and medical personnel after suffering a shoulder injury on a hit from Anthony Barr. Shortly thereafter, it was revealed that Rodgers suffered a fractured right collarbone. Rodgers was forced to miss time, and Nelson's usual statistical volume dropped. Over the course of the rest of the season, his best game was four receptions for 35 receiving yards against the Detroit Lions in a 30–17 loss on November 6. He finished the season with 53 receptions for 482 yards and six touchdowns.

On March 13, 2018, Nelson was released by the Packers after ten seasons. He finished second in franchise history with 550 receptions and 69 receiving touchdowns, third with 25 games with at least 100 receiving yards, and fifth in receiving yards, with 7,848.

Oakland Raiders
On March 15, 2018, Nelson signed a two-year, $15 million contract with the Oakland Raiders. After recording 53 yards combined in his first two games with the Raiders, Nelson had six receptions for a season-high 173 receiving yards and a touchdown in a Week 3 28–20 loss to the Miami Dolphins. He scored receiving touchdowns in the next two games, a 19-yard reception in the  45–42 overtime victory over the Cleveland Browns and a one-yard reception in the 26–10 loss to the Los Angeles Chargers. After Amari Cooper was traded to the Dallas Cowboys, Nelson's role expanded in the offense. In his last five games of the season, Nelson totaled 38 receptions for 386 receiving yards to give him 739 receiving yards and three receiving touchdowns on the 2018 season. He finished second on the team in receiving yards and receiving touchdowns and third in receptions for the 2018 season.

On March 14, 2019, Nelson was released by the Raiders after one season.

Retirement
On March 27, 2019, Nelson announced his retirement from the NFL after 11 seasons. On August 4, 2019, he signed a one-day contract to retire as a Green Bay Packer. In 2022, Nelson was announced as one of the inductees into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame. Nelson was formally inducted on August 31, 2023.

NFL career statistics

Regular season

Postseason

Franchise Records
 Most receptions in a playoff career: 54
 Most receptions in a playoff season: 21 (2010; tied with Greg Jennings)
 Most receptions in a playoff game: 9 (February 6, 2011, in Super Bowl XLV; tied with Edgar Bennett and Antonio Freeman)
 Most receiving yards in a Super Bowl: 140 (Super Bowl XLV)
 Most games with at least two receiving touchdowns (career): 15
 Most games with at least two receiving touchdowns (single season): 4 in the 2011 season (tied with Robert Brooks, Antonio Freeman, James Jones, and Sterling Sharpe)
 Most games with at least one receiving touchdown (single season): 11 in the 2016 season (tied with Sterling Sharpe and Davante Adams)

Personal life
Nelson married his longtime girlfriend, Emily (née Rothlisberger), in 2007, after proposing during a family vacation to Cancun. Emily played basketball at Bethel College in Kansas. The couple have two sons, Royal and Brooks, who is "adopted", and daughter, Adda Jo who is also adopted.

Nelson is a Christian and has spoken about his faith by saying, "Now, as a husband, father and, most importantly, as a Christian, I can see the Super Bowl Champion label with a greater perspective. I know it's an opportunity to share the most important truth of life: the gospel of the Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ."

On August 20, 2015, Nelson's alma mater, Kansas State, renamed their football team's locker room after him when Nelson donated an undisclosed amount to renovate their athletic facilities.

After the end of an NFL season, Nelson would return to his family farm in Riley, Kansas. Though he would be paid over $56 million as a player, Nelson put in up to 12 hours a day of heavy farm work including driving a wheat-cutting combine and rounding up the family's 1,000-cow herd. Nelson said that he identifies more as a farmer than as a football player. His parents are local restaurant owners in Leonardville, Kansas. His parents' restaurant, Nelson's Landing, permanently closed in 2020 after 13 years in operation, citing the COVID-19 pandemic as a cause.

On December 13, 2019, Nelson was named as a 2020 inductee for the Wisconsin Sports Hall of Fame.  In 2020, he was named to the Kansas Sports Hall of Fame. In 2021, he was named to the Kansas State Hall of Fame.

Nelson is a supporter of Compassion International and their "Fill the Stadium" initiative. In 2021, Nelson helped raised money for SHARP Literacy, a program designed to improve reading among children.

References

External links

 Kansas State Wildcats bio

1985 births
Living people
All-American college football players
American Christians
American football return specialists
American football wide receivers
American people of Swedish descent
Green Bay Packers players
Kansas State Wildcats football players
Oakland Raiders players
Players of American football from Kansas
Sportspeople from Manhattan, Kansas
Unconferenced Pro Bowl players
Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame


Toby Terrier was a toy dog manufactured in the early 1990s by Tiger Electronics. The toy was designed to make various comments and remarks when placed in front of a television playing one of the select PLUS videos from the Toby Terrier and His Video Pals video series. In order for this function to work a specific cartridge that matched up with the video being played would have to be inserted into the toy. His collar contained a sensor that tracked what was going on in the movie. It was activated by pressing a button located below the sensor. The Toby Terrier video series was a comical and educational video series for kids, whose characters consisted of dog puppets. The video series itself was known as Toby Terrier and His Video Pals.

How It Worked
Toby would wag his tail, bark, nod his head and say phrases such as, "Well, scratch my fleas!" as one watched the video when he was turned on. This was accomplished using VEIL Technology. The video fields would send out a data stream that were received through Toby's neck collar. The video also never faded to a pitch black but rather a dark-gray to ensure that Toby would not turn off during a transition. There were also small cartridges that contained different phrases for Toby to say during certain videos (known as "PLUS" videos in the series).

Video series

Toby Terrier and His Video Pals was a video series produced by Sid and Marty Krofft that went along with the electronic toy.

Types of Videos
 Normal
 These videos did not need a cartridge and the titles are as follows:
 Singin' And Dancin' And Waggin' Our Tails!
 Safety First!
 Time For A Party!
 Adventures PLUS
 These videos required the user to insert an included cartridge into Toby's underside. This allowed Toby to make various exclamations while watching the video.
 Is There A Dog-Tor In The House?
 Let's Go To The Zoo!
 Walking On The Sunny Side!
 Toby's Wonder Bone
 These videos required the Wonder Bone in order for Toby to function correctly.
 And The Winner Is...
 Where In The World Is Charlie Chihuahua?
 School Daze

Images

References

Electronic toys
1990s toys
Puppet films
Sid and Marty Krofft


Yevgen Bolibrukh (born August 15, 1983) is a Ukrainian professional racing cyclist.

Career highlights

 2006: 3rd in Moscow, 1 km (RUS)
 2007: 3rd in Sydney, 1 km (AUS)
 2007: 2nd in Beijing, 1 km (CHN)
 2008: 2nd in Los Angeles, 1 km (USA)

External links

Ukrainian male cyclists
Ukrainian track cyclists
1983 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Ukrainian people


This is a list of the 133 National Historic Landmarks in the United States that are ships, shipwrecks, or shipyards.

Of the more than 2,500 NHLs, about 5 percent are ships, shipwrecks, or shipyards.

The NHL ships, shipwrecks, and shipyards are distributed across 31 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S.-associated state of Micronesia.  Nineteen states have no ships among their NHLs.

Shipwrecks

Ships

States having no ships among their NHLs are: Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming.

Shipyards

Previous landmarks

See also
List of National Historic Landmarks by state

References


Alexander Yakovlevich Lerner (; 7 September 1913, Vinnytsia, Russian Empire – 6 April 2004, Rehovot, Israel) was a scientist and Soviet refusenik.

He was born to a Jewish family in Vinnytsia, Russian Empire (now Ukraine). Lerner graduated with a degree in electrical engineering from the Moscow Power Engineering Institute in 1938, and received a Ph.D. from the same institution in 1940. During World War II, Lerner served as the chief engineer of the Central Autonomous Laboratory at the Soviet Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy in Moscow.

Lerner became a member of the Soviet scientific and technological elite. He was a leading practitioner of cybernetics. It is a branch of science that deals with human control systems like the brain and nervous systems where they interconnect with complex electronic systems. His mathematical equations were used in forecasting supply and demand for vital materials like steel, or allocating scarce resources.

He was the first prominent Soviet scientist to seek to emigrate to Israel. His request was denied, and resulted in the sudden loss of his positions and privileges. In 1977, a letter was published in the Soviet newspaper Izvestiya calling Lerner "the leader of an espionage nest." His closest associates in the refusenik movement — Natan Sharansky, Vladimir Slepak and Ida Nudel — were arrested.
He was finally granted an exit permit and emigrated to Israel on 27 January 1988, together with his son, daughter-in-law and granddaughter.

Lerner accepted an appointment in the mathematics department at the Weizmann Institute of Science where he pursued a number of projects, including the development of an artificial heart and the construction of a mathematical model to predict the behavior of developed societies.

He died in 2004 in Rehovot at the age of 90.

Famous followers
Professor Vladimir Burkov, the head of Laboratory of Active Systems in V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of RAS, Moscow, Russia.

Professor Vladimir Vapnik, pioneer in statistical learning theory.

References

1913 births
2004 deaths
Cyberneticists
People from Vinnytsia
Ukrainian Jews
Soviet dissidents
Soviet people accused of spying for the West
Refuseniks
Soviet electrical engineers
Ukrainian electrical engineers


Wara Alam Shah is a village and union council (administrative subdivision) of Mandi Bahauddin District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 32°30'30N 73°16'50E.

References

Villages in Mandi Bahauddin District
Union councils of Mandi Bahauddin District


Maggie Muggins was a Canadian children's radio and television series which began on-air live as a fifteen-minute program on CBC Radio on New Year's Day, 1947.  The highly popular radio program engaged children's imaginations, with its continuing cast of unique animal puppets and human characters. Maggie Muggins moved to CBC Television to air between September 29, 1955, and June 27, 1962.

Maggie Muggins is a freckle-faced girl in a gingham dress, with her red hair pulled back in two long pigtails who had adventures with many human-like animals and her neighbour Mr. McGarrity, who constantly worked on his garden.

The television series was adapted from previous media including radio and print.

External links
 Queen's University Directory of CBC Television Series (Maggie Muggins archived listing link via archive.org)
 Maggie Muggins at the Canadian Communications Foundation

 Just Mary: the life of Mary Evelyn Grannan By Margaret Anne Hume (2006) ; on-line on Google Books.

1955 Canadian television series debuts
1962 Canadian television series endings
CBC Television original programming
1950s Canadian children's television series
Canadian television shows featuring puppetry
1960s Canadian children's television series
Black-and-white Canadian television shows


Robert Leighton (died 17 January 2008 from Morbus Crohn) was an English broadcaster and DJ on Radio Caroline and a licensed Amateur Radio operator.

Imagination Radio
'IMAGINATION' came about as a therapeutic way of passing the time whilst recovering from that illness.
TIME: Each Thursday evening between 8pm and midnight UK time (1900 to 2300 UTC European summer, 2000 to 0000 UTC European winter).
FREQUENCY: First via Shortwave, later as part of Radio Caroline via the Astra satellites at 19.2° east and 28.2° east (from UK), first in analogue as a subcarrier of the Travel Shop TV program, later in digital.

External links
Radio Caroline - Rob Leighton Obituary
 German article about Rob Leighton
Rob Leighton Interview by Roland Beaney

2008 deaths
English radio people
1956 births


Lisandra Guerra Rodriguez (born 31 October 1987, Matanzas) is a Cuban racing cyclist.

Major results

2005
1st 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Juniors
1st Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Juniors
1st Pan American Championships, Track, 500 m
2nd Pan American Championships, Track, Sprint
2nd Pan American Championships, Track, Keirin

2006
1st Pan American Championships, Track, 500 m
1st Pan American Championships, Track, Keirin
2nd Pan American Championships, Track, Sprint
3rd 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2nd Moscow, Sprint
1st Moscow, 500 m

2007
1st Los Angeles, 500 m
3rd Los Angeles, Team Sprint
2nd 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2nd Pan American Championships, Track, Keirin
1st Pan American Championships, Track, 500 m TT
1st Pan American Championships, Track, Sprint
2nd Pan American Championships, Track, Team Sprint
1st Aigle, 500 m
3rd Aigle, Elimination race
2nd Aigle, Keirin
2nd Sydney, 500 m
1st Beijing, 500 m

2008
1st Los Angeles, 500 m

2011
1st Pan American Games, Track, Sprint
2013
Copa Cuba de Pista
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
1st Team Sprint (with Laura Arias)
1st 500m Time Trial
2014
Pan American Championships
1st  Sprint
1st  500m Time Trial
3rd  Team Sprint (with Marlies Mejias Garcia)
Central American and Caribbean Games
1st  Keirin
1st  Sprint
1st  Team Sprint (with Marlies Mejias Garcia)
1st  500m Time Trial
Copa Cuba de Pista
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
1st Team Sprint (with Laura Arias)
1st 500m Time Trial
Cottbuser SprintCup
2nd Keirin
3rd 500m Time Trial
2nd Sprint, Cottbuser Nächte

2015
Cottbuser SprintCup
1st 500m Time Trial
2nd Keirin
3rd Sprint
Pan American Games
2nd  Keirin
2nd  Team Sprint (with Marlies Mejias Garcia)
2nd Keirin, GP von Deutschland im Sprint
Pan American Track Championships
3rd Sprint
3rd 500m Time Trial
3rd Keirin, Oberhausen
3rd Keirin, Cottbuser SprintCup

2016
Cottbuser SprintCup
1st Keirin
1st 500m Time Trial
2nd Sprint
2nd Sprint, Grand Prix of Poland
2nd Sprint, GP von Deutschland im Sprint
3rd Sprint, Fenioux Piste International

References

External links

 https://web.archive.org/web/20111122051525/http://info.guadalajara2011.org.mx/ENG/CT/CTR173A_CTW0010011@@@@@@@ENG.htm

1987 births
Living people
Cuban female cyclists
Cyclists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2011 Pan American Games
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2015 Pan American Games
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2019 Pan American Games
Olympic cyclists for Cuba
Sportspeople from Matanzas
UCI Track Cycling World Champions (women)
Pan American Games gold medalists for Cuba
Pan American Games silver medalists for Cuba
Pan American Games medalists in cycling
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Cuba
Central American and Caribbean Games bronze medalists for Cuba
Cuban track cyclists
Competitors at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in cycling
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2015 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2019 Pan American Games
21st-century Cuban women
Competitors at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games


Lyneham High School is a public secondary school in the Australian capital of Canberra that was founded in 1959. Located in the suburb of Lyneham, it is one of the only large public high schools in the immediate area. The school has a performing arts programs which includes concert and jazz bands, performance-based music classes and drama and dance classes.

Enrolment

Lyneham high school's exact student count is not publicly available information, although the school has been stated to be well over its student capacity. Most students enrol from the schools Turner Primary School, Majura Primary School, North Ainslie Primary School and Lyneham Primary School. The priority enrolment areas (PEAs) of the school include Acton, Turner, Dickson, Hackett, Downer, O'Connor and Watson, the latter being a shared PEA with Campbell High School.

Band Program
Lyneham High School's band program consists of five concert bands and two jazz bands, as well as several smaller ensembles across school years. The concert bands include the Year 7 Beginner Band, the Year 7 Concert Band, the Year 8 Concert Band, the Year 9 Concert Band, and the Year 10 Concert Band. All of these bands are run as an elective class, and instruments include those from the woodwind, brass, and guitar families. Percussion instruments are also present in the bands. The Jazz bands are extra curricular bands, including the Intermediate Jazz Band and the Senior Jazz Band. Every year, all bands enter the Australian National Eisteddfod, and have won numerous awards from the competition.

Towards the later stages of the year, Year 10 students are offered places in the Ginninderra Wind Orchestra as a means of continuing their musical careers after leaving Lyneham.

Lyneham Performing Arts Centre
In the late 2000s, Lyneham High School received a grant from the A.C.T. Government to build the Lyneham Performing Arts Centre (LPAC). Architects completed the blueprints for the $5.3 million dollar complex, with construction beginning in June 2009. LPAC was completed in March 2010, being opened by Andrew Barr MLA. The centre has hosted numerous musical performances. It was also the venue for the 2010 Australian National Jazz Eisteddfod.

Enrichment Programs

LEAP
Launched in 1983, LEAP (Lyneham Enriched Academic Program), is an academic program designed to allow high school children to enrich their learning in the fields of Maths, Science, Social Studies (HaSS) and English. It provides a foundation for bright students intending to study these subjects at higher levels. The program is selective, with around thirty students being accepted in each year by means of a range of tests determining students' proficiency in each of the four subjects.

The requirements of LEAP are that the students are to sit the Australian Council for Education tests in the subjects of English, Mathematics, and Science.

LEAP students attend two camps aside from other students throughout their schooling at Lyneham High School: one in Year 8, and one in Year 10.

SEAL
The SEAL (Sporting Excellence At Lyneham) program is aimed at athletic students, giving them the opportunity to improve in their chosen sport by attending scheduled training sessions weekly. Meanwhile, the PE system allows SEAL students to catch up on work missed due to attending the specialist sessions.

DARE
The DARE (Developing Adolescent Resilience and Enterprise) boys' program.

STAR
STAR girls' program (Supporting Talent Achievement and Resilience).

Notable alumni

 Andrew Barr – Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory, since 2014.
 Genevieve Bell – Distinguished Professor, Australian National University.
 Lauren Boden – Australian representative to the 2012 Olympics in Athletics
 Steve Kilbey – lead singer-songwriter and bass guitarist for The Church, an Australian rock band
 Paul Lyneham – Australian journalist in print and on ABCTV, Channel Seven and Channel Nine. (Lyneham's surname is simply coincidental with the Suburb's/School name: the Suburb's name Lyneham was derived from Sir William Lyne's surname.)
 Benjamin Hardy – Co-captain of the Australian Men's National Volleyball Team. He is currently also serving as the assistant coach for the team.
 Jack Heath – Australian children's, young adult and crime writer
 Meredith Hunter – Leader of the ACT Greens, Legislative Assembly of the Australian Capital Territory, from 2008 to 2012.
 Stephen Larkham – Coach of the ACT Brumbies Super Rugby team and former Brumbies and Wallabies (Australian national rugby union team) fly-half.
 Garth Nix – Australian writer.

See also
 List of schools in the Australian Capital Territory
 List of schools in Australia
 Education in the Australian Capital Territory

References

External links
 Lyneham High School website
 ACT Department of Education and Training
 Map of schools in the ACT

Public schools in the Australian Capital Territory
High schools in the Australian Capital Territory
Educational institutions established in 1959
1959 establishments in Australia


Simona Krupeckaitė (born 13 December 1982) is a Lithuanian former professional track cyclist. She is the 2009 500 m Time Trial World Champion and World Record holder at 33.296s, and the 2010 Keirin World Champion. She also won the 2009, 2010 and 2016 Lithuanian Sportsperson of the Year award. In 2010 Krupeckaitė reached one more world record. This time she achieved 10.793 s record at Flying 200 m time trial event. She retired from competition after the conclusion of the 2021 UCI Track Champions League in December of that year.

Career results

2003
2nd 500 m TT, European Track Championships, U23
2nd Sprint, European Track Championships, U23

2004
3rd 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2004 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
1st Keirin, Round 2, Aguascalientes
3rd Sprint, Round 2, Aguascalientes

2005
2005–2006 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
2nd 500 m TT, Round 1, Moscow

2006
2006–2007 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
2nd 500 m TT, Round 1, Sydney
3rd Sprint, Round 2, Moscow
3rd 500 m TT, Round 2, Moscow

2007
2007–2008 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
2nd 500 m TT, Round 2, Beijing

2008
2nd 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2nd Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2007–2008 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
3rd 500 m TT, Round 3, Los Angeles

2008–2009 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
1st Sprint, Round 3, Cali
1st 500 m TT, Round 3, Cali
1st Keirin, Round 3, Cali
3rd Team Sprint, Round 3, Cali

2009
1st 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships, set new World Record
3rd Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
3rd Team Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships

2008–2009 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
1st 500 m TT, Round 4, Beijing
1st Sprint, Round 4, Beijing
1st Keirin, Round 4, Beijing
2nd Team Sprint, Round 4, Beijing
2009–2010 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
1st Keirin, Round 1, Manchester
3rd Sprint, Round 1, Manchester
1st 500m TT, Round 3, Cali
1st Sprint, Round 3, Cali
2nd Team Sprint, Round 3, Cali

2010
1st Keirin, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2nd 500 m TT, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
3rd Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
3rd Team Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships

2011
2nd Sprint, World Track Championships
2010–2011 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
2nd Sprint, Round 3, Beijing
3rd Team Sprint, Round 3, Beijing
2011–2012 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
1st Keirin, Round 2, Cali

2012
2nd Sprint, UCI Track Cycling World Championships
2011–2012 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics
2nd Team Sprint, Round 3, Beijing
2nd Sprint, Round 3, Beijing
2nd Keirin, Round 3, Beijing
1st Keirin, Round 4, London
2014
Polish Cup
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
1st Keirin, Grand Prix of Tula
1st Keirin, Japan Track Cup 1
Japan Track Cup 2
1st Keirin
3rd Sprint
2nd Sprint, Panevezys
Memorial of Alexander Lesnikov
3rd Keirin
3rd Sprint
2015
Panevezys
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
Cottbuser SprintCup
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
Grand Prix of Poland
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
1st Team Sprint (with Migle Marozaite)
2nd Keirin, Oberhausen
2015–16 UCI Track Cycling World Cup
3rd Sprint, Round 2, Cambridge

2016
2015–16 UCI Track Cycling World Cup
1st Keirin, Round 3, Hong Kong
2016–17 UCI Track Cycling World Cup
1st Keirin, Round 1, Glasgow
1st Sprint, Round 1, Glasgow
1st Sprint, Grand Prix of Poland
Panevežys
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
Memorial of Alexander Lesnikov
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
Grand Prix of Tula
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
Grand Prix Minsk
1st Sprint
2nd Keirin
2nd Keirin, Oberhausen

2017
International track race – Panevežys
1st Keirin
1st Sprint
2nd Keirin, UEC European Track Championships
2nd Keirin, Troféu Internacional de Anadia

References

External links

Official Simona Krupeckaite website

1982 births
Living people
Lithuanian female cyclists
Cyclists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic cyclists for Lithuania
UCI Track Cycling World Champions (women)
People from Utena
Lithuanian Sportsperson of the Year winners
Lithuanian track cyclists
Cyclists at the 2019 European Games
European Games medalists in cycling
European Games gold medalists for Lithuania
European Games silver medalists for Lithuania


The Edmeston Local is a defunct newspaper from Edmeston, New York that was printed between 1882 and 1943.

In 1882, the first newspaper in the region was established by Mr. Elba S. Talbot, together with his brother Clarence, as a weekly named Wharton Valley Echo (), published from Burlington Flats every Saturday. On April 12, 1884, the publishers announced that the paper had been moved to Edmeston. It went on to be renamed The Edmeston Echo sometime around 1885 () and in 1888 it assumed the name Edmeston Local.

During the 1940s, the paper left Edmeston to be published in Gilbertsville, resulting in its demise and in 1943 the publisher sold it to the New Berlin Gazette.

References

External links
 New York State Newspapers, The New York State Library
 Florence Ward Local History Collection: Edmeston, New York State Historical Association

Newspapers established in 1882
Publications disestablished in 1943
Defunct newspapers published in New York (state)
Otsego County, New York


Devin Thomas (born November 15, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver. After playing college football for Michigan State, he was selected by the Washington Redskins in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft. He played for the Redskins from 2008 to 2010, the Carolina Panthers in 2010, and the New York Giants from 2010 to 2011. He was a member of the 2011-2012 Giants team that won Super Bowl XLVI, beating Tom Brady and the New England Patriots.

Early years
Thomas attended and played high school football for Canton High School in Canton, Michigan.  As a senior, he played WR, RB and CB, for Division 1 (Class A) Canton High School.  He was named All-State after rushing and receiving for over 1,000 yards and 23 touchdowns and also had seven interceptions all in his senior year.

College career
Thomas attended Coffeyville Community College, where he redshirted in 2004 and played as a freshman in 2005. As a sophomore at Michigan State he had only six catches. However, he blocked a punt as a key play in the teams comeback  from 35 points against Northwestern. Under head coach Mark Dantonio, Thomas played well his junior year with 79 catches, a school record, for 1,260 yards, and eight touchdowns.  Thomas decided to forgo his senior year at Michigan State and declare himself eligibile for the 2008 draft.

Professional career

Washington Redskins
Thomas was selected by the Washington Redskins in the second round (34th overall) of the 2008 NFL Draft.  On July 18, he agreed to a four-year 4.8 million contract that included roughly $2.7 million in guaranteed money.  Thomas is represented by Drew Rosenhaus.  In 2008, Thomas won the NFL Rookie Madden Bowl, defeating future Bears teammate Matt Forte.

The Redskins utilized Thomas a good deal on special teams, mainly on kickoffs.  While his playing time on offense grew from 2008 to 2009, his production was limited.  In 2008, he amassed 173 yards of total offense and one touchdown (rushing).  In 2009, his production marginally improved to 323 yards and three touchdowns (all receiving), with a career game December 6, 2009 against the New Orleans Saints of more than 100 yards receiving and two touchdowns.  Through four games in 2010, under new head coach Mike Shanahan, Thomas amassed no offensive statistics, though he continued to play on special teams.

Thomas was waived by the Redskins on October 9, 2010.

Carolina Panthers
Thomas was claimed off waivers by the Carolina Panthers on October 11, 2010, then waived again on November 23, 2010. With the Panthers for five games, Thomas played only in their 37-13 home loss on November 21, 2010 to the Baltimore Ravens and recorded no statistics.

New York Giants
On November 24, 2010, Thomas was claimed off waivers by the New York Giants. To make roster room for Thomas, the Giants placed fullback Madison Hedgecock on injured reserve with a hamstring injury. Thomas wore #8 in his first game as a Giant versus Jacksonville because the Giants have no more numbers available. During the team's December 5, 2010 game against the Redskins, Thomas made his first impact as a Giant.  On special teams, Thomas had two tackles, including one at the Redskins' 20-yard line, and he blocked a Hunter Smith punt in the fourth quarter, giving the Giants the ball on the Redskins 13-yard line. On January 22, 2012, Thomas made a huge impact in the NFC Championship Game against the San Francisco 49ers, as he recovered two pivotal fumbles, one of which occurred in overtime to set up the winning score that took the Giants to Super Bowl XLVI.

Chicago Bears and retirement
On March 28, 2012, Thomas signed with the Chicago Bears to a one-year contract. On August 5, 2012, he announced his retirement from the NFL on his Twitter account. It was later revealed in the New York Daily News that same day he retired at such a young age to avoid lifelong injuries such as brain damage. He also said he would prefer to settle down with his fiancée Porshia and their son Devin Jr.

Detroit Lions
On January 17, 2013, Thomas came out of his brief retirement and signed a deal with the Detroit Lions. He was released by the Lions on August 5, 2013.

References

External links
Official Site
Michigan State Spartans bio
New York Giants bio

1986 births
Living people
Players of American football from Ann Arbor, Michigan
American football wide receivers
Coffeyville Red Ravens football players
Michigan State Spartans football players
Washington Redskins players
Carolina Panthers players
New York Giants players
Chicago Bears players
Detroit Lions players


Bill Rosinski is an American sportscaster and talk show host, operating primarily out of Charlotte, North Carolina.
Rosinski currently works for ESPN Radio as its lead college football and college basketball commentator, as well as for ISP Sports calling ACC sports. Before taking the job at ESPN Radio in 2009 Rosinski had spent the last four seasons calling National Football League games for Westwood One radio. He also calls NFL games for ESPN Radio starting in 2013. He has also called the NFL on Westwood One.

Career

Rosinski began his broadcasting career at UPI, where he was a reporter and sports director for UPI Radio. He first began working for Westwood One in 1985 after spending three years at UPI Radio, and stayed there until 1992. Rosinski's primary responsibilities were to cover football and college basketball games for the network.

Rosinski left Westwood One for a job as the Atlanta Falcons' radio play-by-play voice on WSB-AM, a position he held until the end of the 1994 season when he took the same position with the expansion Carolina Panthers. He was with the Panthers until the end of the 2004 season and called every major game for the franchise that occurred while he was there, including two NFC championship game appearances and Super Bowl XXXVIII. Rosinski wrote a book about his career with the Panthers, appropriately titled Bill Rosinki's Tales from the Carolina Panthers, which was released in 2007.

After a year layoff Rosinski returned to Westwood One to replace Dave Sims, who became the voice of Sunday Night Football, as one of the network's Sunday afternoon play-by-play men alongside Harry Kalas. Rosinski was paired with former NFL coach Dan Reeves for all three of his seasons at Westwood One and called playoff games for the last two of those seasons including the 2007 NFC Championship game. Rosinski returned to the college basketball ranks for Westwood One in 2009, calling early round regional games for the network in what proved to be his last assignment for Westwood One.

Other ventures

Rosinski had his own radio show, "The Bill Rosinski Show", which aired on four stations in the Carolinas beginning in late 2005. It was cancelled in November 2007 by its syndicator, Charis Radio Network.

Rosinski hosts a weekly television program in the greater Charlotte broadcast area (on 4 Cable TV networks, DirecTV and Dish Network covering over 24 counties in NC and SC reaching as many as 2.2 million viewers)  called "Sportsnight with Bill Rosinski" produced by Cullis Entertainment (www.cullisent.com / www.myspace.com/tvsportsshow / www.myspace.com/cullisentertainment)

Rosinski previously worked for Jefferson Pilot Sports as a broadcaster. He also occasionally broadcasts ACC football and basketball for ISP Sports.

In 2009 Rosinski was part of Westwood One's Men's NCAA basketball tournament coverage for the first time since re-joining the network in 2006; he called first and second round action for the network.

In the summer of 2009 Rosinski left Westwood One to become the play by play voice of college football and basketball for ESPN Radio.  He continues to call ACC football and basketball for ISP Sports.

Rosinski is also an on-course commentator for Sirius XM's PGA Tour Network during the football offseason.

See also
Rosinski's Westwood One Bio

Fan site for "Sportsnight at the Southend Brewery"

Golf writers and broadcasters
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American radio sports announcers
Atlanta Falcons announcers
Carolina Panthers announcers
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
National Football League announcers
People from Charlotte, North Carolina


Moses "Daddy Moses" Wilkinson or "Old Moses" (c. 1746/47 – ?) was an American Wesleyan Methodist preacher and Black Loyalist. His ministry combined Old Testament divination with African religious traditions such as conjuring and sorcery. He gained freedom from slavery in Virginia during the American Revolutionary War, was a Wesleyan Methodist preacher in New York and Nova Scotia. In 1791, he migrated to Sierra Leone, preaching alongside ministers Boston King and Henry Beverhout. There, he established the first Methodist church in Settler Town and survived a rebellion in 1800.

Early life
Circa 1746, Moses Wilkinson was born enslaved on a plantation in Nansemond County, Virginia. He was enslaved by Miles Wilkinson.

Wilkinson was blind and mobility impaired, possibly due to surviving smallpox. He was unable to walk without assistance.

Self-liberation
The 1775 Dunmore's Proclamation promised slaves of American rebels their freedom if they would join the British forces fighting in the American Revolutionary War. The following year, Wilkinson led a band of slaves to freedom, also freeing himself. He reached New York City, which the British forces occupied for years during the war.

Ministry

New York
In New York, the self-appointed, illiterate Wesleyan Methodist preacher gathered together a congregation. He was "a very fiery preacher, so much that some who watched him feared for his health."

Nova Scotia
When the British were defeated in 1783, they fulfilled their promise of freedom to thousands of former slaves, evacuating them to other colonies, and England. Wilkinson joined some 3,000 other Black Loyalists in on L'Abondance to Halifax in Nova Scotia; he is listed with them in the Book of Negroes. The largest Black Loyalist settlement in Nova Scotia was established in Birchtown, but the refugees found the climate and conditions harsh, and the Crown was slow to grant them land.

In the spring of 1784, Shelburne was visited by William Black, the province’s future Methodist leader. Shelburne reported preaching to 200 Blacks at Birchtown, sixty of whom were converted by Wilkinson. His first convert was Violet "Peggy" King, a self-liberated freedwoman from North Carolina, whom he had met on L'Abondance; she was married to Boston King.

In July 1786, Wilkinson and others organized a Methodist church with seventy-eight members, sixty-six of whom were black.

Sierra Leone
On 26 October 1791, 350 people gathered in Wilkinson's church to hear John Clarkson from England explain the Sierra Leone Company's plans to reestablish a colony in West Africa, in what is now Sierra Leone. The previous attempt in 1787 had failed and he was recruiting Black Loyalists who wanted to try creating their own settlement in Africa. Displeased with the cold climate and discrimination from the resident whites, who included Loyalist slaveholders, Wilkinson, members of his Methodist congregation, and many blacks of other congregations emigrated; some 1196 Nova Scotian Settlers set sail from Halifax on 15 January 1792.

The ships made landfall on March 9 1792. Wilkinson established the first Methodist church in Settler Town. The officers of the Sierra Leone Company clashed with members of the independent-minded Christian denominations, and matters came to a head with a failed rebellion led by Methodists in 1800. Two Methodists were executed; a number of others, mostly Methodist, were exiled elsewhere in West Africa. Wilkinson's brand of Methodism lost favour in the colony.

Legacy
His ministry inspired Gowan Pamphlet, minister and freedman who founded the Black Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia.

As detailed above, Wilkinson's preaching led to the creation of the Black Methodist community of Halifax.

See more

 List of Black Loyalists

References

Further reading
  Cassandra Pybus, Epic Journeys of Freedom: Runaway Slaves of the American Revolution and Their Global Quest for Liberty. Beacon Press, 2007
 Vincent Carretta (ed.), Unchained Voices: An Anthology of Black Authors in the English-Speaking World of the 18th Century, University Press of Kentucky, 1996, 2004
 James W. St. G. Walker,  The Black Loyalists: The Search for a Promised Land in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone 1783-1870, 1992
 Simon Schama, Rough Crossings: Britain, the Slaves and the American Revolution, HarperCollins, 2006
 Lamin Sanneh, Abolitionists Abroad: American Blacks and the Making of Modern West Africa, Harvard University Press, 2001
 The Wesleyans. (Accessed February 2014)
 Susan Ware, Forgotten Heroes: Inspiring American Portraits From Our Leading Historians, The Free Press, 1998
 Robin W. Winks, The Blacks in Canada: A History

African-American Methodist clergy
American rebel slaves
Nova Scotian Settlers
People from Suffolk, Virginia
1740s births
Date of death missing
Fugitive American slaves
American expatriates in Sierra Leone
Canadian expatriates in Sierra Leone
Loyalists in the American Revolution from Virginia
Black Nova Scotians


Christos Volikakis (; born 25 March 1988, in Volos) is a Greek  track cyclist. He was the leader of the UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics 2011–2012 in Keirin.

 He is the first Greek who win a gold medal at a World Championship. He has won 4 medals at World Championships, 9 medals at European Championships and several medals at World Cups. He won 2 gold medals at the European Olympic Games in Minsk 2019, as well as a flag bearer at the closing ceremony of the Games. Bronze Medal at the World Cup 2019 in St. Petersburg. He has been crowned World Cup winner in the years 2019–2020, 2018–2019, 2011–2012 while in 2014–2015 & 2016–2017 he was in second place. He has been present 4 times at the Olympic Games in (Beijing in 2008 13th place) in (London in 2012 9th place lost a medal by accident) in (Rio in 2016 12th place) and in Tokyo in 2021.
 He has won over 90 gold medals in Panhellenic Championships, holds 11 national records and is in 1st place in the World rankings in the scratch event, in 1st place in the omnium event and in 3rd place in the points race
 He was the second-best Greek athlete for 2019 in the Public voting behind Giannis Antetokounmpo & in front of Stefanos Tsitsipas. In addition, he was 4th in the Panhellenic voting of the PSAT (Hellenic Sports Press Association).
 He has also been awarded as an up-and-coming talent by the PSAT (Hellenic Sports Press Association).

Biography

Christos Volikakis is a Greek track cyclist, the most successful of the 2000s, particularly in the speed disciplines. In 2005, as a junior, he became Greek champion in three track discipline (speed, team sprint and team pursuit) and won a title on the road (team time trial).

In 2005, he became the World Champion in keirin at the UCI Juniors Track World Championships in Vienna. He also won two medals at the Junior European Championships 2006 and 2007. In 2007, he won two championship events at the Athens Open, in keirin and team sprint.

At the 2008 UCI Track Cycling World Championships in Manchester, he finished third in the keirin and took the bronze medal.

Between 2006 and 2011, he won eleven national titles.

He won the 2nd place in Keirin at the UCI Track World Cup 2007–2008 in Los Angeles, USA.

In 2008 he represented Greece at the Beijing Olympics in the men's keirin.

He won the gold medal in keirin at the UCI Track World Cup 2011–2012 in Astana, Kazakhstan.

He has also won the silver medal in keirin at the European Elite Track Championship 2011 that was held in Apeldoorn, Netherlands.

In 2012, he again competed in the Olympics, in the men's keirin. He competed in the same event at the 2016 Olympics.

Career highlights

Greek Championship

2003     2nd in National Championship, Road, ITT, Novices, Greece, Volos (GRE)
2003    2nd in National Championship, Road, Novices, Greece, Volos (GRE)
2004    1st in National Championship, Track, 500 m, Novices, Greece, Athens (GRE)
2004    3rd in National Championship, Road, ITT, Novices, Greece, Dervenochoria (GRE)
2004    1st in National Championship, Road, Novices, Greece, Dervenochoria (GRE)
2005    1st n National Championship, Track, Sprint, Juniors, Greece, Athens (GRE)
2005    2nd in National Championship, Track, 1 km, Juniors, Greece (GRE)
2005    1st in National Championship, Track, Team Pursuit, Juniors, Greece (GRE)  + Vasileios Galanis, Alexandros Floros, Athanassios Evdokiou,
2005    1st in National Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Juniors, Greece (GRE)  + Vasileios Galanis, Alexandros Floros,
2005    1st in National Championship, Road, TTT, Juniors, Greece, Thiva (GRE)  + Athanassios Evdokiou, Vasileios Galanis, Alexandros Floros,
2006    1st in National Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Juniors, Greece (GRE)  + Zafeiris Volikakis, Nikolaos Dimotakis,
2006    1st in Nation Championship, Track, 1 km, Juniors, Greece (GRE)
2006    2nd in National Championship, Track, Sprint, Juniors, Greece (GRE)
2006    5th in OXI Memorial Climb Race, Juniors, Bafi, Parnitha (GRE)
2007    2nd in National Championship, Track, 1 km, Elite, Greece (GRE)
2007    2nd in National Championship, Track, Sprint, Elite, Greece (GRE)
2007    1st in National Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Elite, Greece (GRE)  + Zafeiris Volikakis, Vasileios Galanis,
2007    1st in National Championship, Track, Keirin, Elite, Greece (GRE)
2009    1st in National Championship, Track, 1 km, Elite, Greece, Athens (GRE)
2009    1st in National Champioip, Track, Keirin, Elite, Greece, Athens (GRE)
2011    1st in National Championsh Track, Keirin, Elite, Greece (GRE)
2011    1st in National Championship, Track, Team Pursuit, Elite, Greece (GRE)  + Apostolos Bouglas, Alexandros Papaderos, Stavros Papadimitrakis,
2011    1st in National Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Elite, Greece (GRE)  + Georgios Bouglas, Zafeiris Volikakis,
2011    1st in National Championship, Track, Sprint, Elite, Greece (GRE)
2011    1st in National Championship, Track, 1, Elite, Greece (GRE)

Balkan Open

2007    1st in Athens Open Balkan Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Elite/U23, Greece, Athens (GRE)  + Athanasios Mantzouranis, Panagiotis Voukelatos,
2007    2nd in Athens Open Balkan Championship, Track, Sprint, Elite/U23, Greece, Athens (GRE)
2007    1st in Athens Open Balkan Championship, TracKeirin, Elite/U23, Greece, Athens (GRE)

European Juniors/U23 Championship

2005    2nd in European Championship, Track, Keirin, Juniors, Fiorenzuola
2006    2nd in European Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Juniors, Athens
2006    6th in European Championship, Track, Keirin, Juniors, Athens
2006    9th in European Championship, Track, Scratch Race, Juniors, Athens
2007    4th in European Championship, Track, Keirin, U23, Cottbuss
2008    4th in European Championship, Track, Keirin, U23, Pruszków
2009    3rd in European Championship, Track, Keirin, U23, Minsk

World Grand Prix

2011    3rd in Dudenhofen, Keirin (GER)
2011    1st in Moscow, Keirin (RUS)
2011    1st in Mos, Sprint (RUS)

European Elite Championship

2011    2nd in European Championship, Track, Keirin, Elite, Apeldoorn

UCI World Cup Classics

2008    2nd in Los Angeles, Keirin (USA)
2008    5th in Sydney, Keirin (AUS)
2010    4th in Melbourne, Keirin (AUS)
2010    8th in Cali, Keirin (COL)
2011    1st in Astana, Keirin (KAZ)

UCI World Championships

2005     1st in World Championship, Track, Keirin, Juniors, Wien
2006    3rd in World Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Juniors, Gent
2006    6th in World Championship, Track, Keirin, Juniors, Gent
2008    3rd in World Championship, Track, Keirin, Elite
2009    8th in World Championship, Track, Keirin, Elite, Pruszków
2010    13th in World Championship, Track, Team Sprint, Elite, København
2010    13th in World Championship, Track, Keirin, Elite, København
2010    36th in World Championship, Track, Sprint, Elite, København

References

External links

1988 births
Living people
Greek male cyclists
Greek track cyclists
Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic cyclists for Greece
Panathinaikos cyclists
Sportspeople from Volos
Cyclists at the 2019 European Games
European Games medalists in cycling
European Games gold medalists for Greece


The 3rd Shock Army () was a field army of the Red Army formed during the Second World War. The "Shock" armies were created with the specific structure to engage and destroy significant enemy forces, and were reinforced with more armoured and artillery assets than other combined arms armies. Where necessary the Shock armies were reinforced with mechanised, tank, and cavalry units. During the Second World War, some Shock armies included armoured trains and air–sled equipped units.

Campaign history

The Army was created from the headquarters of 60th Army (1st formation), which had been formed in the Moscow Military District in November 1941. Initially, the 60th Army comprised the 334th, 336th, 358th, and 360th Rifle Divisions and the 11th Cavalry Division, and was tasked with fortifying the left bank of the Volga River from Unza to Kosmodemiansk. The rifle divisions were reallocated to the 4th Shock Army, which was forming up at the same time nearby.

The headquarters of 60th Army was converted into the headquarters of 3rd Shock Army on 25 December 1941, under the command of General Lieutenant Maksim Purkayev. On 1 January 1942, the Army was composed of the 23rd, 33rd and 257th Rifle Divisions, 20th, 27th, 31st, 42nd, 45th and 54th Separate Rifle Brigades, and a number of artillery and other units. The Shock Army was also singled out by having its own aviation units attached because of its intended use. These units included the 163rd Fighter Aviation Regiment (Yak–1), 728th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Polikarpov I–16), 128th Short–range Bombing Regiment (Pe–2), 621st Aviation Regiment (R–5) and 663rd Aviation Regiment (Po–2). However, by the beginning of April, this was reduced to one light–bombing regiment (12 Po–2 aircraft) and three fighter regiments with 12 Polikarpov I–16s in total.

It was initially a part of the Moscow Defense Zone in the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (RVGK). However, 3rd Shock was soon allocated to join the North–Western Front on 27 December 1941 as part of the Moscow counteroffensive. Matters were not improved by the lack of supplies, aggravated by horrible communications; the assault troops did not get a full meal before the offensive due to food shortages.

However, after a few days the offensive – the Toropets–Kholm operation – began to roll forward, with 3rd Shock approaching Kholm, but it was getting dangerously separated from its neighbour, 4th Shock Army. By mid January, 3rd Shock had surrounded Kholm and its forward units had cut the road between Kholm and Toropets. Kholm itself was surrounded on 22 January, though it was never taken and was relieved on 5 May. With some success in view, Stalin widened the operation's goals, and with a Stavka directive on 19 January directed 3rd Shock, as part of the wider operation, to head for Velikie Luki, and then to Vitebsk, Orsha, and Smolensk. Two days later, 3rd Shock was shifted from the North–Western Front to the Kalinin Front. However, the forces available were becoming dangerously thin for the enormous tasks that Stalin was setting them. The Army got no further than Velikie Luki, and was unable to take the town in the face of stiffening German resistance and shortages of food, fuel, and ammunition. Velikie Luki was finally taken by the Kalinin Front on 17 January 1943.

The Army's next major effort was as part of the Nevel–Gorodok offensive operation in October–November 1943. Nevel was taken at the start of the offensive on 6 October 1943. The Kalinin Front had been renamed Baltic Front on 13 October 1943, and under Yeremenko, used two armies on the left flank, the 43rd and 49th, to distract the Germans' attention from his main blow, from the 3rd and 4th Shock Armies against Third Panzer Army in the Nevel area. This would see the Soviets astride the routes leading to the rear of Army Group North and cut vital rail links.

Following the Starorussa–Novorzhev offensive operation (February 1944), the Army's next attack was as part of 2nd Baltic Front's July 1944 offensive: the Rezhitsa–Dvina offensive operation. Beginning on 10 July, 3rd Shock Army had reached the Velikaya River by 12 July, captured the bridges despite the demolition charges laid on them, and moved on to surround Idritsa, which was captured that same day. Five days later the Army liberated Sebezh after a deep outflanking movement. Rezhitsa (now Rēzekne, Latvia) was taken on 26 July 1944, with the help of the 10th Guards Army. The 2nd Baltic Front was now facing central Latvia, and on 2 August 1944 the armies were on the march again, with 3rd Shock tasked to move south of Lake Lubań and on to the south of Madon, but after the Soviet forces seized Krustpils, some heavy fighting followed with only limited success. 3rd Shock forced a passage over a tributary of the Dvina River, the Oger, on 19 August, but then had to fend off a strong German attack mounted by three divisions with air support. The Soviets slowly moved toward Riga, but the emphasis was shifted south, and the 2nd Baltic Front found itself playing a supporting role from early October as Bagramyan's First Baltic Front raced for the Baltic coastline itself to sever the remaining connection between the German forces in East Prussia and those in Latvia and Estonia. Riga fell on 13 October and the remaining German forces in the area were bottled up in the Courland area.

3rd Shock then took part in the blockade of the Courland pocket, and the first Soviet attacks started on 16 October. However, by the end of October, it was seen that despite some advances, there was little hope for full success, and the Army was shifted south. 3rd Shock became part of the 1st Belorussian Front from 31 December 1944. The Army was placed in the second echelon for the Warsaw–Poznań strategic offensive operation, attacking in the direction of Poznań under Zhukov's 1st Belorussian Front. It then took part in the Vistula–Oder Offensive between 12.1.1945 – 3.2.1945.

As the Army moved quickly across Poland in March 1945 during the Eastern–Pomeranian strategic offensive operation, it liberated a number of cities, including Vangerin and Labes on 3 March, and Frayenvalde and Regenvalde on 4 March 1945. The same day, in conjunction with the Polish 1st Army and the 1st Guards Tank Army, 3rd Shock entered Dramburg. A day later, 3rd Shock entered Gyultsov, and on 6 March the unit entered Kammin. On 7 March, 3rd Shock entered Shtepenitts, and liberated Gollnov together with troops of the 2nd Guards Tank Army.

The Army was in the second echelon of the 1st Belorussian Front in the Battle of Berlin.

In April 1945, the 3rd Shock Army (HQ Stendal) as part of the 1st Belorussian Front had the following major component formations and units:
 7th Rifle Corps (146th, 265th, 364th Rifle Divisions)
 9th Tank Corps (23rd, 95th, and 108th Tank Brigades and 8th Motor Rifle Brigade) (attached from front headquarters)
 12th Guards Rifle Corps (23rd Guards, 52nd Guards, 33rd Rifle Divisions)
 79th Rifle Corps (150th, 171st, 207th Rifle Divisions)
 1203rd, 1728th and 1729th Separate self–propelled assault artillery regiments
 136th Gun–Artillery Brigade
 45th Antitank Brigade
 25th Sapper Brigade
 5th and 13th Pontoon Bridging Brigades

The Army took Pankow, a suburb of Berlin, on 23 April 1945. A week later, two regiments of the 150th Rifle Division, 79th Rifle Corps were responsible for erecting flags over the Reichstag on 30 April 1945, one of which was known as the Victory Banner. A future commander of the Army, V.I. Varennikov, would also command the honour guard of the Victory Banner. The Army's active service ended when fighting ceased in Berlin on 8 May 1945.

World War II service

Campaigns and Operations participation
Winter Campaign of 1941–42 (Russian: Зимняя кампания 1941/42 г.) (5 December 1941 – 30 April 1942)
Toropets–Kholm Offensive (9 January 1942 – 6 February 1942)
Summer–Autumn Campaign (Russian: Летне–осенняя кампания 1942 г.) (1 May – 18 November 1942)
Winter Campaign of 1942–43 (Russian: Зимняя кампания 1942–1943 гг.) (19 November 1942 – 3 March 1943)
Velikie Luki offensive (November 1942 – January 1943)
Summer–Autumn Campaign of 1943 (Russian: Летне–осенняя кампания 1943 г.) (1 July – 31 December 1943)
Nevel'–Gorodok offensive operation (October– November 1943)
Winter–Spring Campaign (Russian: Зимне–весенняя кампания 1944 г.) (1 January – 31 May 1944)
Staraya Russa–Novorzhev Offensive (February 1944)
Summer–Autumn Campaign of 1944 (Russian: Летне–осенняя кампания 1944 г.) (1 June – 31 December 1944)
Rezhitsa–Dvinsk Offensive (10 July 1944 – 27 July 1944)
Madona Offensive (1 August 1944 – 28 August 1944)
Riga Offensive (1944) (14 September 1944 – 24 October 1944)
Courland peninsula blockade (from October 1944 – 31 December 1944)
Vistula–Oder Offensive (12 January – 2 February 1945)
Berlin Offensive (16 April – 8 May 1945)
Campaign in Europe during 1945 (Russian: Кампания в Европе 1945 г.) (1 January – 9 May 1945)

Notable service personnel
 Mikhail Budenkov: 3rd highest ranking sniper, Guards senior sergeant, sniper of 59th Guards Rifle Regiment (21st Guards Rifle Division, 3rd Shock Army, 2nd Baltic Front) (437 confirmed).
Abukhadzhi Idrisov: 11th highest ranking sniper, senior sergeant, 1232nd Rifle Regiment (370th Rifle Division, 3rd Shock Army, 2nd Baltic Front) (349 confirmed).

Command staff

Commanders
General Lieutenant M.A. Purkaev (December 1941 – August 1942)
General Lieutenant Kuzma Galitsky (September 1942 – November 1943)
General Colonel N.E. Chibisov (November 1943 – April 1944)
General Lieutenant V.A. Yushkevich (April – August 1944)
General Lieutenant M.N. Gerasimov (August – October 1944)
General Lieutenant Nikolai Simoniak (October 1944 – March 1945)
General Colonel V.I. Kuznetsov (March 1945 – end of the war)

Leaders of the Military Council
Brigade Commissioner A.P. Riazanov (December 1941 – February 1943)
General Lieutenant P.K. Ponomarenko (February – March 1943)
General Major A.I. Litvinov (March 1943 – end of the war)

Chiefs of staff
General Major A.P. Pokrovskiy (December 1941 – February 1942)
General Major Mikhail Sharokhin (February – August 1942)
General Major I.O. Yudintsev (August 1942 – March 1943)
General Major M.M. Busarov (March May 1943)
General Major F.A. Zuev (May October 1943)
General Major Veniamin Beylin (October 1943 – August 1944)
General Major from July 1945. General Lieutenant M.F. Bukshtynovich (August 1944 – end of the war).

Service in Germany
The 3rd Shock Army stayed in Germany after the end of the war, becoming part of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. During the 1960s and early 1970s, the Army's divisions were equipped with T–62 and T–55 tanks.

The army kept the descriptive title "shock" until 1954, when it became the 3rd "Red Banner" Combined Arms Army (). Army headquarters was located in Magdeburg from January 1946.

There was an army reorganisation in June 1964 and a number of divisions were switched into and out of the army. It was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1974.

During the late 1970s, the divisions received T–64As, T–64Bs (one third of each battalion), and eventually T–64BVs with dynamic armour. In 1984, a decision was made to re–equip the formations with T–80BV variants (10th Guards Tank Division), replacing the T–64s, BMP–1/2 and variants, and various BTR variants.

In 1980 the army comprised three divisions: the 10th Guards Tank Division (Krampnitz, East Germany), the 47th Guards Tank Division (Hillersleben, East Germany), and the 207th Motor Rifle Division (Stendal, East Germany), plus a large number of supporting brigades, regiments, and battalions. In May 1983 it was reorganised, and the 207th Motor Rifle Division was transferred to the 2nd Guards Tank Army, and the 12th Guards Tank Division was attached in its place. To bring the army's total to four divisions, the 7th Guards Tank Division was attached from the 1st Guards Tank Army.

Thus the army had four divisions in 1988:
7th Guards Tank Division (Rosslau, East Germany)
10th Guards Tank Division (Altengrabow, East Germany)
12th Guards Tank Division (Neuruppin, East Germany)
47th Guards Tank Division (Hillersleben, East Germany)

During 1989–91, a past commanding officer of the Army (1969) V.I. Varennikov was the Commander in Chief of the Soviet Ground Forces. The Army was relocated from Germany during 1990–1991. Army headquarters was briefly sent to the Far East Military District, but then disbanded. The "out of Germany transfer" directive was issued 15 April 1991, but the Army did not leave until November 1991. The Army headquarters arrived in Khabarovsk in January 1992, but was disbanded in early March 1992.

1988 order of battle

7th Guards Kiev–Berlin Tank Division (Roßlau) (disbanded 1990)
55th Guards Vasilkovskiy Tank Regiment (Lutherstadt–Wittenberg)
56th Guards Vasilkov Shepetovsk Tank Regiment (Zerbst)
79th Guards Bobruiskiy Tank Regiment (Roßlau)
40th Motor Rifle Regiment (Bernburg)
670th Guards Motorised Artillery Regiment (Cochstedt)
287th Guards Antiaircraft–missile Regiment (Roßlau)
4th Separate Guards Reconnaissance Battalion (Quedlinburg–Quarmbeck)
146th Separate Guards Communications Battalion (Roßlau)
121st Separate Engineer Battalion (Roßlau)
165th Separate Chemical Defence Battalion (Roßlau)
183rd Separate Material Supply Battalion (Roßlau)
58th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion (Roßlau)
186th Separate Medical Battalion (Dessau)
10th Guards Tank Ural Volunteer Division in the name of Marshal of Soviet Union R. A. Malinovsky (Altengrabow) (now at Boguchar in the Moscow Military District)
61st Guards Sverdlovsk Tank Regiment (Altengrabow)
62nd Guards Permian–Keletskiy Tank Regiment (Altengrabow)
63rd Guards Chelyabinsk–Petrokovskiy Tank Regiment (Altengrabow)
248th Guards Unechskiy Motor Rifle regiment (Schönebeck)
744th Guards Ternopil Artillery Regiment (Altengrabow)
359th Guards Lvov Anti–Aircraft Artillery Regiment (Altengrabow)
7th Separate Guards Reconnaissance Battalion (Khalershtadt) later Altengrabow
152nd Separate Communications Battalion (Altengrabow)
131st Separate Guards Engineer Battalion (Magdeburg)
127 Separate Chemical Defence Battalion (Altengrabow)
1072nd Separate Material Supply Battalion (Altengrabow)
60th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion (Altengrabow)
188th Separate Medical Battalion (Altengrabow)
12th Guards Prikarpattiya Berlin Tank Division (Neuruppin) (disbanded 1991)
48th Guards Vapnyarsko–Varshavsky Tank Regiment (Neuruppin)
332nd Guards Warsaw Red Banner Order of Alexander Nevsky Tank Regiment (Neuruppin)
353rd Guards Vapnyarsko–Berlin Tank Regiment (Neuruppin)
200th Guards Fastov Motor Rifle Regiment (Burg)
117th Artillery Regiment (Mahlwinkel)
933rd Upper Dnieper Anti–Aircraft Missile Regiment (Burg)
18th Separate Guards Demblin Reconnaissance Battalion (Mahlwinkel)
490th Separate Guards Communications Battalion (Neuruppin)
136th Separate Guards Demblin Engineer Battalion (Neuruppin)
129th Separate Chemical Defence Company (Neuruppin)
1074th Separate Material Supply Battalion (Wulkow)
64th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion (Neuruppin)
208th Separate Medical Battalion (Wulkow)
47th Guards Lower Dnieper Tank Division (Hillersleben)(withdrawn to Moscow Military District, amalgamated in the mid-1990s with the 31st Tank Division as the 3rd Motor Rifle Division)
26th Feodosiya Tank Regiment (Hillersleben)
153rd Smolensk Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Tank Regiment (Hillersleben)
197th Guards Vapynar–Warsaw Tank Regiment (Halberstadt)
245th Guards Gneznensky Red Banner Order of Suvorov Motor Rifle Regiment (Magdeburg)
99th Guards Pomeranian Artillery Regiment (Magdeburg)
1069th Order of the Red Star Anti–Aircraft Missile Regiment (Hillersleben)
112th Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (Hillersleben)
73rd Separate Guards Communications Battalion (Hillersleben)
52nd Separate Guards Engineer Battalion (Hillersleben)
1077th Separate Material Supply Battalion (Hillersleben)
332nd Separate Chemical Defence Company (Hillersleben)
65th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion (Hillersleben)
63rd Separate Medical Battalion (Hillersleben)

Formations and units subordinate to Army
792nd Separate Special Purpose Company (Spetsnaz) (Cochstedt)
115th Separate Tank Regiment (Quedlinburg)
899th Separate Air Assault Battalion (Burg)
232nd Separate Protection and Security Battalion (Magdeburg)
178th Separate Helicopter Regiment (Borstel)
440th Separate Helicopter Regiment (Borstel)
296th Separate Helicopter Squadron (Mahlwinkel)
36th Missile Brigade (Altengrabow)
448th Missile Brigade (Born)
49th Guards Anti–Aircraft Missile Brigade (Planken)
385th Guards Artillery Brigade (Planken)
451st Separate Anti–Tank Artillery Battalion (Magdeburg)
254th Separate Radio Engineering Regiment (Cochstedt)
15th Separate Radio Engineering Battalion (Magdeburg)
10th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (Stahnsdorf)
105th Separate Communications Regiment (Magdeburg)
457th Separate Radio Relay Cable Battalion (Magdeurg)
323rd Separate Engineer Battalion (Magdeburg)
36th Łódź Pontoon Bridge Regiment (Magdeburg)
2nd Separate Chemical Defence Battalion (Burg)
42nd Material Supply Brigade (Magdeburg)
298th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery battalion (Schönebeck)
302nd Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery battalion (Schönebeck)
1408th Military Hospital (Magdeburg)
989th Military Hospital (Altengrabow)
20th Sanitary and Epidemiological Detachmend (Magdeburg)

Postwar Commanders
 Colonel General Vasily Kuznetsov (May 1945 – 5 October 1948)
 Colonel General Alexander Luchinsky (5 October 1948 – 11 April 1949)
 Lieutenant General Aleksandr Ryzhov (11 April 1949 – 4 December 1950)
 Lieutenant General Andrey Matveyevich Andreyev (4 December 1950 – 6 January 1954)
 Lieutenant General (Colonel General 8 August 1955) Dmitry Alexeyev (6 January 1954 – 29 June 1956)
 Major General (Lieutenant General 26 November 1956) Leonid Baukov (29 June 1956 – 11 December 1959)
 Lieutenant General Mikhail Frolenkov (11 December 1959 – 11 August 1962)
 Major General (Lieutenant General 13 April 1964) Alexander Klyukanov (11 August 1962 – 7 July 1965)
 Lieutenant General Semyon Kurkotkin (7 July 1965 – 18 August 1966)
 Lieutenant General Vasily Gorban (18 August 1966 – 29 August 1969)
 Major General (Lieutenant General 29 April 1970) Valentin Varennikov (29 August 1969 – 11 June 1971)
 Major General (Lieutenant General 8 November 1971) Yevgeny Touzakov (11 June 1971 – 24 January 1973)
 Major General (Lieutenant General 4 November 1973) Leonid Kuznetsov (24 January 1973 – 15 November 1974)
 Major General (Lieutenant General 13 February 1976) Pyotr Makarchuk (15 November 1974 – 21 July 1977)
 Lieutenant General Mikhail Sotskov (21 July 1977 – July 1979)
 Lieutenant General Viktor Skokov (July 1979 – December 1982)
 Lieutenant General Boris Pyankov (December 1982 – July 1985)
 Lieutenant General Viktor Chechevatov (July 1985 – 1987)
 Lieutenant General Alexey Mityukhin (1987–October 1991)

References

Military units and formations established in 1941
Military units and formations disestablished in 1991
Soviet Shock Armies
Military units and formations awarded the Order of the Red Banner


Gallery5 is an arts center, museum, gallery, venue, and community space in Richmond, VA.  It is located at 200 West Marshall Street in Richmond, VA, in the historic Jackson Ward neighborhood. Gallery5 is housed in the original building of Steamer Company Number 5, which is the oldest firehouse in Virginia, dating back to 1867. This historic building has seen many incarnations; in addition to the original fire station the building has also served as a police station, a Fire and Police Museum, and a hot dog emporium. The gallery is a cornerstone participant in Richmond's monthly First Friday Art Walk, which takes place on the first Friday of every month and draws artists and art-enthusiasts in throngs to Downtown Richmond.

References

External links
website

Arts centers in Virginia
Culture of Richmond, Virginia
Museums in Richmond, Virginia


Quách Nhứt Danh, often referred to as Danh Quach or Danh Nhut Quach, is a Vietnamese American businessman and one of the "pioneers" of Orange County's Little Saigon.

Early life
He was a pharmacist in Saigon, Vietnam, but fled in 1975 with his wife, nine-year-old son, seven-year-old daughter, and sister, after the Fall of Saigon brought the Vietnam War to an end. He first settled in Arkansas' Fort Chaffee region before moving to Lincoln, Nebraska, to attend pharmacy school again at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, from which he graduated in May 1977. Following his graduation, he lived briefly in Missouri and Connecticut, but eventually gravitated to Westminster, California, due to the warmer weather and friends who had preceded him there.

Business in Southern California
He opened his pharmacy on Bolsa Avenue in Orange County, California, in 1978, selling not only medicine, but electrical appliances, bicycle seats, and a variety of other goods; less than 10 years after his arrival, he had already achieved financial success. He soon branched out into other businesses, including freight forwarding; by 1988, he was sending 10,000 pounds of goods to Vietnam each month, a business fueled by the U.S. embargo against Vietnam, which led Vietnamese Americans to send much-needed supplies to their relatives who remained in Vietnam. By 1989, he had taken money earned from his small business success to become a real estate investor; his pharmacy would become the heart of Little Saigon. Eventually, he shrank his original store to about a third of its former size in order to make room for his son to move his medical practice in next door.

Flag controversy

Beginning in January 1999, he became involved in a political controversy when he served a 30-day eviction notice to a tenant in a shopping center he owned for inciting a nuisance there. The tenant was displaying a photo of Ho Chi Minh and a flag of Vietnam in the window of his video store; angered by the store owner's pro-Communist display, local residents protested outside of the store for four days before a judge ruled that the store owner had to take down the picture and flag. However, a Superior Court judge reversed the decision the following month. The tenant required an escort of one hundred police officers to take him to his store the following day and protect him from protesters while he rehung the flag. The tenant, disappointed that his landlord, the police, and the city of Westminster had "failed to protect [his] free speech rights", filed another lawsuit against them a year later.

References

1939 births
Living people
Vietnamese emigrants to the United States
People from Westminster, California
University of Nebraska Medical Center alumni


Kapetan Louka or Kapitan Louka () is a dance from the region of Macedonia in Greece. It is a dance specifically from the area of Kozani. The dance is named after a freedom fighter in Macedonia, Loukas Kokkinos born in Grevena.

See also
Greek dances
Greek music

Sources

Greek dances


Jack Bobridge (born 13 July 1989) is an Australian former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2010 and 2016.

In 2019 he was convicted of drug dealing and sentenced to a four-year prison term. He admitted to using banned recreational drugs during his racing career, noting that he used cocaine in training leading up to major cycling events, including the Olympics.

Career
Bobridge's career combined both track and road cycling.

In 2008, he was part of the Australian men's pursuit team that finished in fourth place at the Olympics, along with Graeme Brown, Mark Jamieson, Luke Roberts and Brad McGee.

In May 2009, Bobridge signed with , with his contract starting on 1 January 2010 and had been contracted to race with the team until 2012. He left the team at the end of 2011, and joined  for the 2012 season.

In September 2009 he won the under-23 time trial at the UCI Road World Championships. In January 2011 he became the Australian National Road Race Champion with a daring solo breakaway.  On 2 February 2011, he set a new world record for the track 4k individual pursuit. Bobridge was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he was part of the Australian team that won the silver medal in the men's team pursuit, with Glenn O'Shea, Rohan Dennis and Michael Hepburn.

Bobridge left  at the end of the 2012 season, and joined  on a two-year contract from the 2013 season onwards.

Bobridge won two gold medals at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, one in the men's team pursuit with Luke Davison, Alex Edmondson and Glenn O'Shea, where Australia set a new Games record in the final, and in the men's individual pursuit.

In November 2014 Bobridge was announced as part of the Team Budget Forklifts line-up for 2015 alongside fellow members of the Australian endurance track squad Luke Davison, Glenn O'Shea, Scott Sunderland and Mitchel Mulhearn, riding a domestic programme with a focus on achieving success on the track at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Bobridge won the opening stage of the 2015 Tour Down Under. He lost the overall lead on stage three but finished the race with the King of the Mountains jersey. On 31 January 2015 Bobridge attempted to break the world hour record in Melbourne. He rode 51.3 kilometres falling short of the record of 51.852 kilometres. However he did break Brad McGee's Australian national hour record of 50.3 kilometres which had stood since 2000. In September 2015 it was announced that Bobridge would return to the UCI WorldTour peloton in 2016, signing a one-year contract with .

In 2016, Bobridge won his second Olympic silver medal, again in the men's team pursuit, this time with Alex Edmondson, Michael Hepburn, Sam Welsford and Callum Scotson.

Bobridge announced his retirement from cycling in November 2016. His retirement was due to the effects of rheumatoid arthritis which he was first diagnosed with in 2010.

The Jack Bobridge Track, a cycling and walking trail from his hometown of Gawler into the Barossa Valley was named for Bobridge when it was built in 2014, however the Barossa Council was concerned that this sent the wrong message to young people after he was convicted of using and selling drugs in 2019. In July 2019, the council resolved to remove Bobridge's name and rename the track to the Barossa Trail, a name already used for the northern and eastern extension.

Legal issues
In September 2017, Bobridge was charged with selling trafficable quantities of recreational drugs. In May 2019, during a court hearing concerning his case, he admitted to using recreational drugs, such as cocaine and ecstasy, during his active career. He claimed that he took them ahead of some races, but that they would be out of his body by race day. He denied the charges brought against him that he trafficked ecstasy. On 5 July 2019, he was sentenced to four years and six months in prison, being found guilty for four charges of drug dealing. He is eligible for parole after two years and six months.

Major results

Track

2006
 1st  Team pursuit, UCI Junior Track World Championships
2007
 1st  Team pursuit, UCI Junior Track World Championships
 National Track Championships
1st  Team pursuit
1st  Madison
2008
 1st  Team pursuit, 2007–08 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics, Los Angeles
2009
 Oceania Track Championships
1st  Individual pursuit
1st  Team pursuit
 1st  Individual pursuit, National Track Championships
2010
 Commonwealth Games
1st  Individual pursuit
1st  Team pursuit
 UCI Track World Championships
1st  Team pursuit
3rd  Individual pursuit
2011
 UCI Track World Championships
1st  Team pursuit
1st  Individual pursuit
 1st  Overall, Individual pursuit, 2010–11 UCI Track Cycling World Ranking
2012
 UCI Track World Championships
2nd  Team pursuit
2nd  Individual pursuit
 2nd  Team pursuit, Olympic Games
2015
 2nd  Individual pursuit, UCI Track World Championships
2016
 2nd  Team pursuit, Olympic Games

Road

2007
 3rd Overall Tour of the Murray River
 4th Time trial, UCI Juniors World Championships
2008
 8th Overall Tour de Berlin
2009
 1st  Time trial, UCI Under-23 Road World Championships
 National Under-23 Road Championships
1st  Road race
1st  Time trial
 1st Eschborn–Frankfurt City Loop U23
 3rd Overall Thüringen Rundfahrt der U23
1st Stage 2 & 5 (ITT)
 7th Overall Tour of Japan
1st Stage 4 & 6
2010
 1st Stage 5 Eneco Tour
 7th Overall Delta Tour Zeeland
2011
 National Road Championships
1st  Road race
2nd Time trial
 2nd Overall Herald Sun Tour
 5th Time trial, UCI Road World Championships
2014
 5th Road race, National Road Championships
2015
 Tour Down Under
1st  Mountains classification
1st Stage 1
 3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
2016
 1st  Road race, National Road Championships
 4th Overall Herald Sun Tour

Grand Tour general classification results timeline

References

External links

1989 births
Living people
Australian male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Australia
Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Cyclists at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Cyclists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
UCI Track Cycling World Champions (men)
Australian Institute of Sport cyclists
Olympic silver medalists for Australia
Olympic medalists in cycling
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Adelaide
Commonwealth Games medallists in cycling
Australian track cyclists
21st-century Australian criminals
Criminals from Western Australia
Prisoners and detainees of Australia
Doping cases in cycling
Medallists at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Sportsmen from South Australia