The Vietnam National Museum of History  () is in the Hoan Kiem district of Hanoi, Vietnam. The museum building was an archaeological research institution of the French School of the Far East under French colonial rule (Louis Finot École française d'Extrême-Orient EFEO) of 1910, was extensively refurbished in 1920. It was redesigned between 1926 and 1932 by architect Ernest Hébrard. The museum was acquired by the government of North Vietnam (now the government of Vietnam) in 1958 and then the artifact collections were expanded to cover eastern arts and national history.

The museum highlights Vietnam's prehistory (about 300,000–400,000 years ago) up to the August 1945 Revolution. It has over 200,000 exhibits displayed covering items from prehistory up to the 1947 revolution and founding of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, arranged in five major sections.

Location
The museum is at the back of the Hanoi Opera House. It is on 1 Trang Tien Street, 216 Tran Quang Khai Street, Hanoi.

History
The museum building used to be the archaeological research institution of the French School of the Far East under French colonial rule (Louis Finot École française d'Extrême-Orient EFEO), which opened in 1910. This was extensively refurbished in 1920, and redesigned between 1926 and 1932 by the architect Ernest Hébrard. It is considered a  blend of French colonial and traditional Vietnamese architecture, also called Indochina architecture. The museum was acquired by the government of North Vietnam in 1958 and then the artifact collections were expanded to cover eastern arts and national history. It was formally opened for public viewing on 3 September 1958. The museum's exhibits highlight  Vietnam's prehistory (about 300,000–400,000 years ago) up to the August 1945 Revolution.

Features
The museum is housed in a colonial French building which is a cupola shaped edifice in the shape of a pagoda. The design of the building is an amalgamation of French and Chinese architecture known as Indochina architecture. The building designed by Hebrard, incorporates double walls and balconies for a natural ventilation system and protection from sunshine. The exhibition area is more than  with exhibits arranged chronologically. It is divided into five major sections: Section 1 covers period from the prehistoric period from the Stone Age (30,000–40,000 years ) to 4,000–5,000 years ago; Section 2 has displays from the time of nation building during the Tran dynasty; Section 3 has exhibits from the period of the Ho dynasty to the August 1945 Revolution; and Section 4 has artifacts of the Champa stone sculptures. The museum showcases Vietnam's history with very large collection of about 200,000 items, covering the Neolothic age, Bronze Age, Sa Hunh, Oc Eo, and Hung periods, Nguyen dynasty, Cham period, and also northern Vietnam's Dong Son, a culture which existed about 1000 BC-100 AD. These exhibits are in the main building. The exhibits highlight communism and depict the rule of the French colonists as cruel.

Exhibits

Exhibits in the museum include Hung era and Neolithic mortuaries, Bronze Age implements such as axe heads, and Cham period artifacts. There is an intimidating sculpture of Quan Am, the Goddess of Mercy, which has 1,000 eyes and arms. Also on display are the 13 Nguyễn dynasty emperor's ornamented throne, dresses and other antiquities. These include the large Dong Son drums, which are symbolic of Vietnamese culture. At ground level the display consist of stone implements, pottery, and ornaments, up to 1400 AD. On the first floor the exhibits pertain to the monarchic reign from the time of the Dinh and Le eras of 900 ADs to Vietnam's last emperors; these are decorative items such as a chest of drawers inlaid with mother-of-pearl, cylindrical containers of enamel (these are funerary jars), ceramics and bright lacquer ware. There is a stele which was found during an archaeological excavation with an inscription at a monument labeled G1, which is dedicated to God Harivamsesvara by Harivarman I (ca. 1137) is preserved in the museum. The exhibits of new artifacts cover Central Vietnam, Central Highlands, South Vietnam and also an old shipwreck near Cu Lao Cham Island. The museum has signage in English, but this is inadequate to express all that is on display in the museum.

To popularize Vietnam's history from the past to the present, the Museum administration organized an exhibition of 450 artifacts (416 from 13 Vietnamese museums and the balance from 8 European museums) in Austria and Belgium from September 2003 to November 2004. The Royal Museum of Arts and History (Kingdom of Belgium) and the Vienna Ethnology Museum (Republic of Austria) were associated with this exhibition, which was titled "Vietnam – Past and Present."

References

Bibliography

External links

 Official Website English language section
 Frommer's | National Museum of Vietnamese History

Museums in Hanoi
History museums in Vietnam
French colonial architecture in Vietnam


CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNOT6 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CCR4-Not transcriptional regulation and deadenylase complex. The encoded protein has a 3'-5' exonuclease activity and prefers polyadenylated substates.

References

External links

Further reading


Group Captain Cecil Chaudhry  (Punjabi, Urdu: ; 27 August 1941 – 13 April 2012) was a Pakistani academic, human rights activist, and a veteran fighter pilot. As a flight lieutenant, he fought in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and as a squadron leader in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. During the 1965 war, Chaudhry and three other pilots, under the leadership of Wing Commander Anwar Shamim, attacked the Amritsar Radar Station in a difficult operation. He was awarded the Sitara-e-Jurat (Star of Courage) for his actions during that mission.

Early life and career
Chaudhry was born on 27 August 1941 in the village Dalwal, located in the Salt Range of British Punjab (present-day Punjab, Pakistan) to a Punjabi family who were the only Christian (Roman Catholic) family in the area. His father, Elmer Chaudhry, hailing from East Punjab and then based in Lahore, was chief photographer with The Lahore Times, as well as a physics and mathematics teacher at St. Anthony's High School. Cecil Chaudhry was schooled at St. Anthony's, before pursuing higher studies at the Forman Christian College, Lahore where he received his B.S. in physics.

As an Air Scout, he was awarded his glider pilot’s wings in 1956 by the then President of Pakistan, Iskander Mirza, at a ceremony in Karachi. He was admitted into the Pakistan Air Force Academy on 12 March 1958 and enrolled in the engineering program. In 1960, he received his double BSc in aeronautics and mechanical engineering along with becoming an ace fighter pilot upon graduating from the PAF Academy. After nearly 28 years of service, he retired from the Pakistan Air Force in 1986.

Later life
Cecil Chaudhry became an educationist after leaving the air force and was affiliated with the Punjab Education Foundation. He served as principal of St. Anthony's College for many years, before becoming principal of Saint Mary's Academy, Lalazar, Rawalpindi, succeeding Sister Eileen Ann Daffy. He retired from this post in July 2011.

Chaudhry remained an influential, independent human rights activist, as well as working for the betterment of children with disabilities and for educational reform. He advised and worked closely with the late Shahbaz Bhatti from the early 1990s onwards and had been Executive Secretary of the All Pakistan Minorities Alliance (APMA) since its inception. He was also affiliated with the National Commission for Justice and Peace and was instrumental in leading the fourteen-year campaign that led to the restoration of Pakistan's joint electorate system in 2002.

Awards and decorations

Death and legacy
Cecil Chaudhry died at the age of 70 in Lahore on 13 April 2012 after a battle with lung cancer. He was buried with full military honors at the Jail Road's Christian Cemetery in Lahore, Pakistan. His daughter, Michelle Chaudhry, founded the Cecil & Iris Chaudhry Foundation, an NGO active in the defence of minorities in Pakistan, in his memory. Among his survivors were three daughters and a son.

See also
 Mervyn Middlecoat

References

External links

1941 births
2012 deaths
Pakistan Air Force officers
Pakistani military engineers
Pakistani flying aces
Pilots of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
Pakistani military personnel of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
Pakistani Christians
Pakistani Roman Catholics
Recipients of Sitara-e-Jurat
Recipients of the Pride of Performance
Deaths from lung cancer
People from Chakwal District
Forman Christian College alumni
People from Lahore
Military personnel from Lahore
Deaths from cancer in Pakistan
St. Anthony's High School, Lahore alumni
Pakistani test pilots
Pakistani social workers


Extended synaptotagmin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ESYT2 gene.

References

Further reading


MKL/myocardin-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKL2 gene.

Members of the myocardin family bind to the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) and act as coactivators controlling genes of relevance for myogenic differentiation, motile function  and addiction.

References

Further reading


Bullough's Pond, a former mill pond located in Newton, Massachusetts, is now a decorative pond in a suburban neighborhood, used for bird watching and walking.  In the nineteenth century it was the site of a commercial ice business.  Since the early 2000s, temperatures have warmed to the point that its winter ice is no longer thick enough to support skating safely.

Books

Once Around Bullough's Pond: A Native American Epic, Douglas Worth, 1987
Reflections in Bullough's Pond: Economy and Ecosystem in New England, Diana Muir, University Press of New England, 2000. Winner of the Massachusetts Book Award, 2001

Films
A scene from "The Women," starring Annette Bening and Meg Ryan, was filmed on the pond.

Notable residents
Alex Beam
Diana Muir

Image gallery

References

External links
Bullough's Pond Association
Newton Conservators
City of Newton
Photos by Ellen Foust

Geography of Newton, Massachusetts
Lakes of Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Ponds of Massachusetts


The Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts (; ; ) is located in Hanoi, Vietnam. It is a museum showcasing Vietnam's fine arts from a range of historical periods. It is the country's primary art museum, the second being the smaller Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts.

The Museum exhibits Vietnam's fine arts from the Ancient time till the Modern time. Much of the 20th Century art presented in the museum is concerned with folk narratives of a nation in defence. As a collection it draws on themes of martyrdom, patriotism, military strategy and overcoming enemy incursion.

The museum presents a small collection of late 20th and early 21st Century painting, including works by artists exploring abstraction and abstract impressionism, giving greater attention to the individualist artist.

The site, 66 Nguyễn Thái Học Street, was selected by painter Nguyễn Đỗ Cung in 1963. The building, built in 1937, was an abandoned Catholic girl's boarding house. Next door at No. 65 was an artists' colony.

References

External links

Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts at Frommer's
Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts at Vietnam Online

French colonial architecture in Vietnam
Museums in Hanoi
Art museums and galleries in Vietnam


Kinase D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa or ARMS (ankyrin repeat-rich membrane spanning) is a scaffold protein that in humans is encoded by the KIDINS220 gene.

It is a downstream target of neuronal signaling events initiated by neutrophins and ephrins. Additionally, it was shown to have important roles in the immune system by interacting with the B-cell and T-cell receptor.

Molecular biology

The gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 2 (2p25.1) on the Crick strand. It is 116,550 bases in length. It encodes a transmembrane protein that is preferentially expressed in the nervous system. The protein acts as a receptor for the CRKL-C3G complex. Binding this complex results in Rap1-dependent sustained ERK activation. This, in turn, interacts with several pathways the effects of which are under active investigation.

Clinical importance

Heterozygous mutations of this gene have been suggested as a cause of a syndrome consisting of spastic paraplegia, intellectual disability, nystagmus and obesity. Knock out mice with homozygous mutations have non-viable offspring with enlarged cerebral ventricles. A consanginous couple has been reported who suffered from repeated miscarriages in whom homozygous mutations of this gene were found. Post mortem showed enlarged cerebral ventricles and contracted limbs.

References

Further reading


Primates in the Anglican Communion are the most senior bishop or archbishop of one of the 42 churches of the Anglican Communion. The Church of England, however, has two primates, the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Archbishop of York.

Variations
Some of these churches are stand-alone ecclesiastical provinces (such as the Church of the Province of West Africa), while others are national churches comprising several ecclesiastical provinces (such as the Church of England). Since 1978, the Anglican primates have met annually for an Anglican Communion Primates' Meeting at the invitation of the Archbishop of Canterbury, who is regarded as the symbolic leader (though primus-inter-pares) of the Anglican primates. While the gathering has no legal jurisdiction, it acts as one of the informal instruments of unity among the autonomous provinces of the communion.

In stand-alone ecclesiastical provinces, the primate is the metropolitan archbishop of the province. In national churches composed of several ecclesiastical provinces, the primate will be senior to the metropolitan archbishops of the various provinces, and may also be a metropolitan archbishop. In those churches which do not have a tradition of archiepiscopacy, the primate is a bishop styled "primus" (in the case of the Scottish Episcopal Church), "presiding bishop", "president bishop", "prime bishop" or simply "primate". In the case of the Episcopal Church in the United States, which is composed of several ecclesiastical provinces, there is a presiding bishop who is its primate, but the individual provinces are not led by metropolitans.

Anglican primates may be attached to a fixed see (e.g., the Archbishop of Canterbury is invariably the Primate of All England), who may be chosen from among sitting metropolitans or diocesan bishops and retain the see (as with, for example, the Primate of the Anglican Church of Australia), or who may have no see (as in the Anglican Church of Canada). Primates are generally chosen by election (either by a synod consisting of laity, clergy and bishops, or by a House of Bishops). In some instances, the primacy is awarded on the basis of seniority among the episcopal college. In the Church of England, the primate, like all bishops, is appointed by the British sovereign, in the capacity of Supreme Governor of the established church, on the advice of the Crown Appointments Commission.

The United Churches of South India, of North India, of Pakistan and of Bangladesh have neither metropolitan (arch)bishops nor national primates. Instead, each has a Moderator of the Synod (and a Vice-Moderator), elected from among the bishops for a fixed term, who is ranked among the Anglican primates.

Dual primates
In the Church of England and the Church of Ireland, the metropolitan of the second province has since medieval times also been accorded the title of primate. In England, the Archbishop of Canterbury is known as the "Primate of All England"  while the Archbishop of York as "Primate of England" (see also Primacy of Canterbury). In Ireland both the Anglican and Roman Catholic Archbishops of Armagh are titled "Primate of All Ireland"; while both the Anglican and Roman Catholic Archbishops of Dublin are titled "Primate of Ireland". As both of these positions pre-date the 1921 partition, they relate to the whole of Ireland. The junior primates of these churches do not normally participate in the Primates' Meeting.

List of current primates

This is a list of the 42 current primates (including four moderators of united churches) in the worldwide Anglican Communion. The list is given according to the Anglican order of precedence, with the Archbishop of Canterbury as primus inter pares first and the others in order of seniority by their first installation to a primacy.

See also
Anglican Communion
List of current patriarchs

Notes

References

External links
Anglican Communion - Primates
Anglican Online

Anglican primates


Heimdal Station () is a railway station located in Heimdal in Trondheim, Norway. Located 12 km south of Trondheim Central Station on the Dovre Line, it is served by express trains between Trondheim and Oslo Central Station as well as the regional train services Trøndelag Commuter Rail and Nabotåget, all operated by SJ Norge. The station is staffed.

History
The station was opened on 5 August 1864 as part of Trondhjem–Støren Line, and has been reclassified as part of the Røros Line from 1877 and the Dovre Line in 1921. The station had cargo handling facilities, water tower and a pig barn. A new station building was planned from the 1940s, but the current building was not finished until 1960.

References

External links
Entry at Norsk Jernbaneklubb

Railway stations in Trondheim
Railway stations on the Dovre Line
Railway stations opened in 1864
1864 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1860s


Fernando Otero (born 1 May 1972) is a Grammy-award-winning Argentine pianist, vocalist, and composer.

His first contact with music was receiving vocal lessons from his mother Elsa Marval, an internationally acclaimed singer and actress. He started taking piano lessons at five. He also studied the guitar, drums, accordion, and melodica, instruments he plays occasionally. A classically trained and virtuoso pianist, Otero studied classical music since childhood. He has since developed his own style which has elements of jazz, tango, and contemporary classical music.

Biography
Otero found his voice as writer, musician and bandleader when, at the urging of one of his music teachers, he began to incorporate the indigenous sounds of his native Buenos Aires into his work, as he did in his Nonesuch debut, Pagina de Buenos Aires in 2008.

He has been described by many critics as a classically trained virtuoso pianist and composer who developed his own style by blending elements of classical contemporary music and improvisation while acknowledging tango as a starting point.

Shortly after moving to the U.S. in the 1990s, he worked with correspondingly diverse collaborators, including Paquito D'Rivera, the Kronos Quartet, Quincy Jones, Eddie Gómez, flautist Dave Valentin and pianist/film composer Dave Grusin. He played with Arturo O'Farrill's Jazz Orchestra at Symphony Space, Lincoln Center and during their Sunday night residency at New York City's Birdland, performing his compositions with this large jazz ensemble also at Lincoln Center and Symphony Space. He also performed with clarinetist Paquito D'Rivera on stage, at Birdland, Blue Note, the Caramoor Festival and in the recording studio. He joined the Paquito D'Rivera Quintet for the recording of Funk Tango, which includes Otero's composition Milonga 10. For Funk Tango, The Paquito D'Rivera Quintet received in 2008 the Grammy Award for Best Latin Jazz Album.

He has received commissions from performers and institutions worldwide and has written music for orchestra, chamber ensembles, string quartet and choir, as well as for solo instruments including piano, violin and cello. Many of his compositions were commissioned by the New York State Council on the Arts, Lincoln Center, Laguna Beach Festival (featuring Otero as composer-in-residence), St. Ursanne International Piano Festival in Switzerland, and by performers such as the Kronos Quartet, the Imani Winds ensemble, Arturo O'Farrill, Inbal Segev, and Jason Vieaux.

Musical career
In January 2008 Otero released the album Pagina de Buenos Aires from Nonesuch Records. Critics describe the album as "[u]rbane and exotic, surreal and streetwise, and alive with invention and emotion".

In February 2008 the Kronos Quartet premiered "El Cerezo" ("The Cherry Tree") at Carnegie Hall, a one-movement work for string quartet commissioned from Otero that "blended tango-infused lyrical interludes into a sometimes dissonant canvas."

In 2010 he received the Latin Grammy Award for Best Classical Album for Vital. In 2015 he was nominated for the Latin Grammy Award for "Best Classical Album" and for "Best Classical Contemporary Composition" for his album Ritual.

Otero's album Romance (Soundbrush Records) was released in 2013 and has been described as "an exhilarating surprise - a collection of beautifully crafted short pieces that are both jazzy and lyrical, brought to life by a superb ensemble of instrumentalists and singers".

In 2014 he released the album entitled Prima Donna, an intimate celebration of the artistic career of Elsa Marval, Fernando Otero's mother and musical mentor. Elsa Marval was an internationally acclaimed Opera singer, composer, pianist and actress, who died in 2010. Prima Donna features pieces for solo piano, showing Otero's song-like melodic approach and his use of a wide palette of pianistic colors, and also his rhythmical side when performing fast tempo pieces, playing notes repeated with piston-like precision with sudden detours into more impressionistic textures. A rendition of "El Portenito" , a piece written by Argentine composer Angel Villoldo gives us an idea of how Otero can cover well-known compositions in order to expose his personal view of them. The album also includes orchestral and chamber music pieces plus a sonata for Solo Violin in one-movement using a wide palette of violin techniques, which Otero wrote for long-time collaborator Nick Danielson. In Prima Donna, Otero ratchets up the contemporary classical music elements that were already evident on his Warner Music album entitled Pagina de Buenos Aires (Nonesuch). The last piece in the recording is a rendition of Quincy Jones' composition "The Pawnbroker" arranged by Otero.

The arrangement showcases Quincy Jones's melodic style combined with Fernando's orchestral technique and pianistic language. The album was produced by Ruben Parra and recorded in New York and Los Angeles.

Fernando Otero released Ritual in 2015, bringing a collection of new compositions for Orchestra, Voices Chamber Ensembles, and Solo Piano. The composer appeared to be working more towards the production of formal classical works which display a significant grounding in Argentine lyricism, usually associated with tango, plus elements of classical music and piano improvisation. This work features vocal and violin lines, full orchestra textures, and Otero's pianism. The album emphasizes melodic and slow tempos and the bandoneon is present in two of the pieces, driving the listener into an Argentine atmosphere, both timbrical and melodic. Otero received two Latin Grammy nominations for Ritual as Best Classical Album
and Best Contemporary Classical Composition for his composition entitled "Conexion".

In 2016, Otero put out another studio work entitled Enigma and was nominated for Best Classical Contemporary Composition for his piece "Jardin Del Adios". His album, Solo Buenos Aires came out in April 2017, in which Otero reconnects with the song form as vocalist, multi-instrumentalist, and arranger, comprising a collection of songs written during the first half of the 20th century in Buenos Aires, with arrangements for orchestra. This album won the Best Tango Album award at the 18th Latin Grammy Awards.
Vox is the title of Otero's album released in 2018 along with long-time collaborator, violinist Nick Danielson. It contains music for solo piano, solo violin, and violin-piano duet. In this work, Otero's compositions reflect once again his style in terms of melodic, harmonic, and rhythmical language, while the pianism exposes the need for technical proficiency. Many of his compositions require alternating left- and right-hand notes and chords, similar to a paradiddle, creating patterns with two or more melodies complementing each other.
In 2019 he released the album Astrantia, featuring Varijashree Venugopal, Waldo Madera, Guillermo Vadalá and Brian Forbes. A new collection of originals that embodies musical language explorations, classical lyricism, and improvisation, expanded in electric soundscapes. Also in  2019, the woodwind quintet "Quintet of The Americas"commissioned and premiered Otero's composition named Anemona .Otero's Cello Concerto written for Inbal Segev was recorded (later released by Avie Records) by Inbal Segev and Brooklyn Rider, in New York City.

Released by Siderata Records on 2021, Otero's album "Can You Hear The Flowers" contains seven pieces for solo violin and one for piano.The violin pieces are performed by violinist Elmira Darvarova, and Otero presents a collection of works offering new explorations in his own language as a composer.

Fernando Otero has been named a Yamaha Artist by Yamaha Artist Services of New York and has joined their roster of Contemporary Piano
Artists. Otero said about his designation, "For decades Yamaha has been innovating in the construction of highly refined pianos with a strongly distinctive sound, which has inspired and motivated me in the search of new levels of musical creativity."
Bonnie Barrett, Director of Yamaha Artist Services, Inc., said, "We're thrilled to welcome a pianist whose voice represents such a unique intersection of classical and contemporary music, all informed by
his Argentine roots. Fernando is a thoughtful innovator and an extraordinary musician, and we look forward to years of fruitful collaboration."

Musical style
Otero's music has been described to "vibrantly [summon] tango ancestors while also acknowledging Béla Bartók and Sergei Prokofiev", and his playing style has been described to "bore traces of jazz pianists like Bill Evans and Don Pullen. The resulting synthesis proposed bold new directions for a venerable tradition."

Neely Bruce, Professor of Music at Wesleyan, when describing Otero's music, says, "It's exciting, it's full of variety, it's very dramatic, very rhythmically complex; it sounds like tango on steroids."

Otero's study of drums becomes evident in pieces like Preludio 4, described as "a whirlwind piano solo that showcases Otero's formidable keyboard prowess. (The earlier Pagina de Buenos Aires album featured his Preludio 19)."

Latin Grammy Awards

The Latin Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the Latin Recording Academy.
The Recording Academy established in 1997 the Latin Recording Academy as a Latin counterpart to expand its operation in Latin America and Spain

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
|-
|2010
|Best Classical Album
|Vital
|
|-
|2015
|Best Classical Album
|"'Ritual|
|-
|2015
|"Best Contemporary Classical Composition)"
||"Conexion"
|
|-
|2016
|"Best Contemporary Classical Composition)"
||"Jardin Del Adios"
|
|-
|2017
|Best Tango Album
|Solo Buenos Aires|
|}

Discography
 Fernando Otero (Siderata Records, 1997)
 Chamber Music (2000)
 Siderata (2001)
 Plan (2003)
 Revision (2005)
 Pagina de Buenos Aires (Nonesuch, 2007)
 Expansion Material (Warner Bros. 2009)
 Vital (World Village, 2010)
 Romance (Soundbrush, 2013)
 Prima Donna (Siderata Records, 2014)
 Ritual (Siderata Records, 2015)
 Enigma (Siderata Records, 2016)
 Solo Buenos Aires (RYCY, 2017)
 Vox (Siderata Records, 2018)
 Astrantia (Siderata Records, 2019)
 Can You Hear The Flowers (Siderata Records, 2021)
 Momentum'' (Siderata Records, 2022)

References

External links
Official website
Nonesuch artist page

Living people
Argentine pianists
Male pianists
Argentine composers
1972 births
Latin Grammy Award winners
Argentine film score composers
21st-century pianists


Rigaer Straße is a street in Friedrichshain, Berlin that runs from Bersarinplatz in the west to the railway station Frankfurter Allee in the east. The street is named after the Latvian capital Riga.

Many of the houses on the street are protected as historic buildings, although some of the older houses have turned into squats.

Famous residents of Rigaer Straße include German author Theodor Plievier, who, around 1924, lived at number 68.

External links
 The squat at number 94

Autonomism
Streets in Berlin


Tyrosine-protein kinase-like 7 also known as colon carcinoma kinase 4 (CCK4) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that in humans is encoded by the PTK7 gene.

Function

Receptor protein tyrosine kinases transduce extracellular signals across the cell membrane. A subgroup of these kinases lack detectable catalytic tyrosine kinase activity but retain roles in signal transduction. The protein encoded by this gene an intracellular domain with tyrosine kinase homology and may function as a cell adhesion molecule. This gene is thought to be expressed in colon carcinomas but not in normal colon, and therefore may be a marker for or may be involved in tumor progression. Four transcript variants encoding four different isoforms have been found for this gene.

PTK7 serves as a context-dependent signalling switch for the Wnt pathways (particularly in planar cell polarity related functions such as convergent extension and neural crest cell migration) and appears to have similar functions for plexin and Flt-1 pathways. PTK7 was identified to be highly expressed in colon cancer by Saha et al. using serial analysis of gene expression (LongSAGE). Pfizer is targeting PTK7 for cancer by generating an antibody-drug conjugate against the PTK7 receptor.

References

Further reading

Tyrosine kinase receptors


The Benmore Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in southwestern Lake County, California.  The valley is named for Benjamin Moore, a local 19th century cattle rustler.  The valley is a high depression in the mountains of southwestern Lake County, and is much cooler than surrounding areas.  There are no wineries or planted vineyards in the AVA as of February 2018, and most of the grapes produced there were previously used by Geyser Peak Winery.

References

 ]

American Viticultural Areas
American Viticultural Areas of California
Geography of Lake County, California
1991 establishments in California


Pashedu was an ancient Egyptian artisan. Pashedu lived in Deir el-Medina on the west bank of the Nile, opposite Thebes, during the reign of Seti I. Pashedu was a son of Menna and Huy. His wife was named Nedjmet-behdet.  Pashedu was the owner of tomb TT3 and likely TT326.
His titles included Servant in the Place of Truth, meaning that he worked on the excavation and decoration of the nearby royal tombs. Pashedu seems to have succeeded Baki as foreman for the left side during the reign of Ramesses II.

A son named Menna is mentioned in TT3. He was named after his paternal grandfather. Another son named Qaha is mentioned in the tomb as well. It is possible a third man named Nebenmaat (attested in TT219) is a son of Pashedu as well.

References

Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt


Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN4 gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This protein contains a C-terminal PTP domain and an N-terminal domain homologous to the band 4.1 superfamily of cytoskeletal-associated proteins. This PTP has been shown to interact with glutamate receptor delta 2 and epsilon subunits, and is thought to play a role in signalling downstream of the glutamate receptors through tyrosine dephosphorylation.

Interactions

PTPN4 has been shown to interact with GRID2.

References

Further reading

External links


Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase H is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRH gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular region, a single transmembrane region, and a single intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region contains eight fibronectin type III-like repeats and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The gene was shown to be expressed primarily in brain and liver, and at a lower level in heart and stomach. It was also found to be expressed in several cancer cell lines, but not in the corresponding normal tissues.

References

Further reading


ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCD4 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the ALD subfamily, which is involved in peroxisomal import of fatty acids and/or fatty acyl-CoAs in the organelle. All known peroxisomal ABC transporters are half transporters which require a partner half transporter molecule to form a functional homodimeric or heterodimeric transporter. The function of this peroxisomal membrane protein is unknown. However, it is speculated that it may function as a heterodimer for another peroxisomal ABC transporter and, therefore, may modify the adrenoleukodystrophy phenotype. It may also play a role in the process of peroxisome biogenesis. Alternative splicing results in at least two different transcript variants, one which is protein-coding and one which is probably not protein-coding.

References

Further reading

External links

ATP-binding cassette transporters


Karipuna or Caripuná may refer to:
Jau-Navo language, or Chakobo (Panoan):  the original Karipuna of Guaporé in Rondônia, Brazil; one of two assigned ISO code [kuq]
Kawahib language (Tupian): the more recently labeled Karipuna of Guaporé in Rondônia, Brazil, also assigned ISO code [kuq]
Palikúr language (Arawakan): the original language of the Karipuna do Amapá of Brazil and French Guiana, assigned ISO code [plu]
an unrecorded language, reportedly Nheengatu language (Tupian); the original language of recent immigrants to Amapá, whose original language was also assigned ISO code [kgm] but deprecated in 2023.
Lanc-Patuá creole, otherwise known as Karipuna Creole French; assigned ISO code [kmv]

"Karipuna" has been used in Brazil for languages in the Madeira–Guaporé River region of Rondônia and in the Uaçá River region of Amapá.

In Rondônia, the name originally applied to the Panoan language Jau-Navo, and was the only language there called Karipuna until the 1950s. However, from the 1950s until the 1970s, the name was extended to newly contacted peoples in the region who spoke various dialects of the Tupian Kawahib language. FUNAI started using the name for several Kawahib dialects, creating the current confusion in the region.

In Amapá, the only attested indigenous language that went by the name was the Arawakan language Palikur. After the assimilation of the original Amapá people, the name was applied to immigrants, now known as the Karipuna do Amapá, whose language was not recorded but was reported to be Nheengatu, a Tupian language. Their recorded language is Karipuna Creole French.

See also
  Indigenous Territory in Rondônia, Brazil

Notes

Language naming
Indigenous languages of South America


Ras-related protein Rab-5C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB5C gene. RAB5C belongs to the Ras-related protein family.

References

Further reading


The 16th Independent Spirit Awards, honoring the best in independent filmmaking for 2000, were announced on March 24, 2001.  It was hosted by John Waters.

Winners and nominees

{| class="wikitable"
!Best Feature
!Best Director
|-
|Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon

Before Night Falls
George Washington
Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai
Requiem for a Dream
| Ang Lee – Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
Darren Aronofsky – Requiem for a Dream
Miguel Arteta – Chuck & Buck
Christopher Guest – Best in Show
Julian Schnabel – Before Night Falls
|-
!Best Male Lead
!Best Female Lead
|-
|Javier Bardem – Before Night FallsAdrien Brody – RestaurantBilly Crudup – Jesus’ SonHill Harper – The VisitMark Ruffalo – You Can Count on Me|Ellen Burstyn – Requiem for a Dream
Joan Allen – The ContenderSanaa Lathan – Love & BasketballLaura Linney – You Can Count on MeKelly Macdonald – Two Family House|-
!Best Supporting Male
!Best Supporting Female
|-
|Willem Dafoe – Shadow of the Vampire

Cole Hauser – TigerlandGary Oldman – The ContenderGiovanni Ribisi – The GiftBilly Dee Williams – The Visit|Zhang Ziyi – Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
Pat Caroll – SongcatcherJennifer Connelly – Requiem for a DreamMarcia Gay Harden – PollockLupe Ontiveros – Chuck & Buck|-
!Best Screenplay
!Best First Screenplay
|-
|You Can Count on Me – Kenneth LonerganChuck & Buck – Mike White
Love & Sex – Valerie Breiman
Two Family House – Raymond De Felitta
Waking the Dead – Robert Dillon
|Love & Basketball – Gina Prince-BythewoodBoiler Room – Ben Younger
George Washington – David Gordon Green
Tigerland – Ross Klavan and Michael McGruther
The Visit – Jordan Walker-Pearlman
|-
!Best First Feature
!Best Debut Performance
|-
|You Can Count on MeBoiler RoomGirlfightLove & BasketballThe Visit|Michelle Rodriguez – Girlfight
 Curtis Cotton III, Candace Evanofski, Rachael Handy, Donald Holden and Damian Jewan Lee – George WashingtonRory Culkin – You Can Count on MeEmmy Rossum – SongcatcherMike White – Chuck & Buck
|-
!Best Cinematography
!Best Documentary
|-
|Requiem for a Dream – Matthew LibatiqueBefore Night Falls – Xavier Pérez Grobet and Guillermo Rosas
George Washington – Tim Orr
Hamlet – John de Borman
Shadow of the Vampire – Lou Bogue
|Dark DaysThe Eyes of Tammy Faye
Long Night's Journey into Day
Paragraph 175
Sound and Fury
|-
! colspan="2" | Best International Film
|-
| colspan="2" valign="top" |Dancer in the Dark • DenmarkIn the Mood for Love • Hong Kong/FranceMalli • IndiaA Time for Drunken Horses • IranThe War Zone • UK
|}

 Special awards
John Cassavetes Award

Chuck & Buck

 Bunny Everything Put Together Groove Our SongTruer Than Fiction Award

Keep the River on Your Right: A Modern Cannibal TaleBenjamin SmokeJust, Melvin: Just EvilPie in the Sky: The Brigid Berlin StoryProducers Award

Paul Mezey – The Ballad of Ramblin’ Jack and Spring Forward
Jim McKay – American Movie and Our SongTim Perell – Louis & Frank and The Myth of FingerprintsDiana E. Williams – The Love Machine and Our SongSomeone to Watch Award

Marc Forster – Everything Put Together
Dan McCormack – Other Voices
Mia Trachinger – Bunny''

Films with multiple nominations and awards

References

External links
2000 Spirit Awards at IMDb
Official ceremony on YouTube

2000
Independent Spirit Awards


A 2+2 road is a specific type of dual-carriageway that exists primarily in Ireland, Sweden, Estonia and Finland, consisting of two lanes in each direction separated by a steel cable barrier.

These roads do not have hard shoulders and therefore cannot be designated as motorways in the future. However, they may be designated as limited-access roads, as such roads do not require the physical standard of motorways to be designated as expressways. The Irish variant has  lanes where there are a number of Swedish variants some with  lanes.

Junctions are generally at-grade roundabouts and minor roads cross under or over the mainline without connecting. They are also known as "type 2 dual-carriageways" by the Irish National Roads Authority. These roads look similar to expressways, except that expressways often have interchanges, large medians or concrete barriers between traffic.

History

First Irish 2+2
In Ireland first purpose-built road of this type opened in December 2007 as a new greenfield section of the N4 national primary route which joins Dublin to Sligo.

See also
 2+1 road
 Limited-access road

References

Road surface markings
Ireland
Roads in Sweden
Types of roads


NutRageous is a chocolate bar made by The Hershey Company. It consists of Reese's Peanut Butter topped with roasted peanuts and caramel covered in chocolate-flavored coating.

Overview
Developed as a candy bar loosely based on the Reese's Peanut Butter Cup, NutRageous was first sold in 1994.  NutRageous was originally called Acclaim, but this name was changed just prior to its release due to focus groups (mainly of children) responding more to the "NutRageous" branding. In 2014, "NutRageous" was rebranded as "Nut Bar" internationally and the weight of the bar was reduced from 51 g to 47 g.

Product variation
In May 2018, Hershey's released "Reese's Outrageous"; a variation of NutRageous which substitutes Reese's Pieces for the roasted peanuts.

Ingredients

One Nutrageous bar contains approximately 240 calories. Although Nutrageous candy bars do not contain gluten ingredients, they are not certified as gluten-free.

See also
 List of peanut dishes

References

External links

Chocolate bars
Peanut dishes
The Hershey Company brands
Products introduced in 1994
Brand name confectionery


This is a list of the largest urban agglomerations in North America.  It includes the 50 most populated urban agglomerations.

See also
 List of North American metropolitan areas by population
 List of the largest metropolitan areas in the Americas
 List of North American cities by population
 World's largest urban agglomerations

References

North America
Largest urban agglomerations
Urban agglomerationsist
02
.
Demographics of Mexico


is an adventure game based on scuba diving. It is the first of the Everblue series and was followed by Everblue 2 in 2002. It was released in Japan in 2001 and in Europe in 2002. It was developed by Arika.

Plot
The player plays as Leo, a novice scuba diver, searching for treasure and learning about marine animal life.

Gameplay
It is a first person game set underwater. The player takes the role of a scuba diver salvaging items from sunken ships and photographing underwater wildlife while either avoiding or confronting predators like sharks. The game also features an inventory system for collected objects, healing items, weapons, and tools, as well as an above water town with shops and NPCs.

Reviews

Everblue received "unfavorable" reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 31 out of 40.

References

2001 video games
Arika games
Capcom franchises
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 2-only games
Scuba diving video games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games scored by Yousuke Yasui
Video games set underwater
Single-player video games


Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RAP1GDS1 gene.

Interactions
RAP1GDS1 has been shown to interact with KIFAP3, HRAS and RHOA.

References

Further reading

Armadillo-repeat-containing proteins


The village of Braunston Cleves or Fawcliff formerly stood north of the village of Braunston in the English county of Northamptonshire at its border with Warwickshire. It has long been a "lost village", having no standing buildings, but its position and the topography of its street and houses can be traced from the irregularities of the ground where it formerly stood. It was on the southwest slope of Cleve's Hill within Braunston parish: it appears to have been occupied in late Anglo-Saxon and early post-Conquest times. Nothing is known of why the village was deserted but it had certainly been destroyed by the 18th century.

History

The history of this settlement is virtually unknown. It is thought that the settlement lay within the manor at Braunston which, at the time of the Domesday Survey (1086), belonged to Walter de Aincurt. This passed to William Trussbutt (whose family held a barony seated in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire), and was divided between his three daughters.

Two other deserted village sites, named Braunstonbury and Wolfhampcote, exist within the immediate vicinity of Braunston, and were possibly part of the same manor. There is also an existing hamlet called Little Braunston.

The settlement called Fawcliff descended to Agatha Trussbutt, then wife of Hamo the grandson of Meinfelin (whose barony was seated at Wolverton, Buckinghamshire). After Hamo's death she remarried to William de Albini, who paid a fine to enjoy her lands, and she lived down to 1247. She thus outlived her sister Hilary (died 1241), who gave her share of the manor (including at least part of Braunstonbury) to Lilleshall Abbey in Shropshire.

Remains today
The remains of the village can be found at the head of a small valley where there is a spring.

The village stood on the west bank of the water course. There is a series of depressions and platforms which were probably the sites of dwellings. Below the stream at the southern end of the site there are several ditched enclosures along which the stream flows today.

References

Former populated places in Northamptonshire


John or Johnny Halligan may refer to:
John Halligan Jr. (1876–1934), U.S. admiral
John Halligan (ice hockey) (c.1942–2010), New York Rangers public relations director and NHL executive
John Halligan (politician), Irish politician from Waterford, Ireland
Johnny Halligan, Scottish footballer (Hibernian FC)


Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RARRES1 gene.

This gene was identified as a retinoid acid (RA) receptor-responsive gene. It encodes a type 1 membrane protein. The expression of this gene is upregulated by tazarotene as well as by retinoic acid receptors. The expression of this gene is found to be downregulated in prostate cancer, which is caused by the methylation of its promoter and CpG island. Alternatively spliced transcript variant encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.

References

Further reading


Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RASGRF2 gene.

RAS (MIM 190020) GTPases cycle between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state. Guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as RASGRFs, stimulate the conversion of the GDP-bound form into the active form.[supplied by OMIM]

Variations in this gene has been shown to be linked to the propensity to binge drink by teenagers.

References

Further reading


The Ho Chi Minh City Museum of History is located at 2 Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Formerly known as the Musée Blanchard de la Brosse, and The National Museum of Vietnam in Saigon, it received its current name in 1979. The museum was designed by French architect Auguste Delaval, and was inaugurated at the same time as the nearby Temple of Hùng King on 1 January 1929. It is a museum showcasing Vietnam's history with exhibits from all periods.

Exhibits
The topics covered by the exhibits include the following:

Prehistoric period (500,000 years ago to 2879 BC).
Metal Age (2879–179 BC), including artifacts related to the Dong Son culture of northern Vietnam and the Sa Huỳnh culture of central Vietnam.
Chinese Domination and Struggle for National Independence in the Red River Valley (179 BC – 938 AD)
Óc Eo culture of the Mekong Delta region
Stone and bronze sculptures and other artifacts of Champa
Stone sculptures of Cambodia (9th–12th centuries)
Ngô, Dinh, Anterior Lê, Ly dynasties (939–1225)
Tran and Ho dynasties (1226–1407)
Dynasties from the Lê to the Nguyên (1428–1788)
Tây Sơn dynasty (1771–1802)
Nguyễn dynasty (1802–1945)

In popular culture
The museum served as the pit stop for the second leg of The Amazing Race Asia 3.

Gallery

Further reading

References

External links

Official Website
Museum Library page
Asia for Visitors – Museum of Vietnamese History in Ho Chi Minh City

French colonial architecture in Vietnam
Museums in Ho Chi Minh City


Clarence George Issenmann (May 30, 1907 – July 27, 1982) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati in Ohio from 1954 to 1957 as bishop of the Diocese of Columbus in Ohio from 1957 to 1964, and as bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland in Ohio from 1966 to 1974.

Biography

Early life
Clarence Issenmann was born on May 30, 1907, in Hamilton, Ohio, the only child of Innocent J. Issenmann (a grocer) and Amelia L. (née Stricker) Issenmann. Clarence Issenmann worked as delivery boy and meat cutter for his father as young man.  He attended St. Ann's School and then Hamilton Catholic High School, both in Hamilton.

After graduating from high school, Issenmann entered St. Joseph's College in Rensselaer, Indiana.  He then returned to Cincinnati to study at St. Gregory's and Mount St. Mary of the West seminaries.

Priesthood
Issenmann was ordained to the priesthood for the Archdiocese of Cincinnati by Archbishop John McNicholas on June 29, 1932.  After his ordination, Issenmann continued his studies at the University of Fribourg in Fribourg, Switzerland, obtaining his Licentiate of Philosophy.  He then entered the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas in Rome, Receiving a Doctor of Theology degree. After returning to the United States, Issenmann entered Regis University in Denver, Colorado, where he received a Doctor of Journalism degree.  While in Denver, Issenmann also worked on the staff of the Denver Register.

In 1938, Issenmann was appointed editor of the archdiocesan newspaper of Cincinnati, the Catholic Telegraph Register. He was named as a professor of theology in 1942 at Mt. St. Mary Seminary.  Issenmann was raised to the rank of monsignor in 1943 and became chancellor and vicar general in 1945.

Auxiliary Bishop of Cincinnati
On March 24, 1954, Issenmann was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati and titular bishop of Phytea by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on May 25, 1954, from Archbishop Karl Alter, with Archbishop Urban Vehr and Bishop George Rehring serving as co-consecrators.

Bishop of Columbus
Pope Pius XII appointed Issenmann as the sixth bishop of the Diocese of Columbus on December 5, 1957.

During his tenure in Columbus, Issenmann established the Diocesan Development Fund so as to supply for the expansion of the diocese, which added eight parishes and six high schools under Issenmann. He also found a new building to house diocesan offices, and offered a televised Mass every week. Attending the Second Vatican Council in Rome from 1962 to 1965, he also served as the assistant episcopal chair of lay organizations for the National Catholic Welfare Conference.

Coadjutor Bishop and Bishop of Cleveland
Pope Paul VI appointed Issenmann as coadjutor bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland and titular bishop of Filaca on October 7, 1964. He was installed on February 2, 1965 at St. John's Cathedral in Cleveland. Issenmann automatically succeeded Bishop Edward Hoban as the seventh bishop of Cleveland on September 22, 1966. As bishop, he constructed the following schools in the diocese:

 Villa Angela Academy in Cleveland,
 Lake Catholic High School in Mentor
 Lorain Catholic High School in Lorain
 St. Vincent-St. Mary High School in Akron

In November 1968, Issenmann asked all adults attending mass in the diocese to sign petitions of support for Humanae vitae, Pope Paul VI's 1969 encyclical against artificial birth control.  Issenmann was the only bishop in the country to make that request of parishioners.

Retirement and legacy
After suffering several strokes, Issenmann requested early retirement from the pope.  His resignation as bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland was accepted by Pope Paul VI on June 5, 1974.  After his retirement, Issenmann continued to live in Cleveland. Clarence Issenmann died in Cleveland on July 27, 1982, at age 75.  He was interred in the Resurrection Chapel in St. John's Cathedral.

References

External links
Catholic-Hierarchy
Diocese of Columbus

1907 births
1982 deaths
Saint Joseph's College (Indiana) alumni
Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas alumni
Regis University alumni
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati
Roman Catholic bishops of Columbus
Roman Catholic bishops of Cleveland
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States
Participants in the Second Vatican Council
People from Hamilton, Ohio
Burials in Ohio


Velike Pčelice () is a village in Pivara municipality in Kragujevac city district in the Šumadija District of central Serbia. It is located south of the city.

It has a population of 673.

External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com

Populated places in Šumadija District
Kragujevac


SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SRGAP1 gene.

References

Further reading


The Solano County Green Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Solano County, California.  Located southeast of the Napa Valley AVA, Green Valley is about  wide and  long.  The valley is close to San Pablo Bay and thus has a maritime climate.
Most of the vineyards are planted on the valley floor and benefit from moist, cooling winds in the summer afternoons.

References

American Viticultural Areas of the San Francisco Bay Area
Geography of Solano County, California
American Viticultural Areas
1982 establishments in California


Clemente "Xicoténcatl" Sánchez (9 July 1947 – 25 December 1978) was a Mexican professional boxer.

Professional career
Sánchez turned professional in 1963 and won the Lineal and WBC featherweight title with a 3rd-round knockout over Kuniaki Shibata in 1972. He lost the title in his first defense by a technical knockout to Jose Legra, but Sanchez had been stripped of his WBC belt after failing to make weight prior to the fight. He retired in 1975.

Death
Sánchez was shot and killed in his home city of Monterrey in a traffic dispute in 1978, by a man who later identified himself to police as Carlos Rodriguez Treviño.

Professional boxing record

See also
List of Mexican boxing world champions
List of world featherweight boxing champions
Lineal championship

References

External links

Clemente Sánchez - CBZ Profile

|-

1947 births
1978 deaths
Mexican male boxers
Boxers from Nuevo León
Sportspeople from Monterrey
Deaths by firearm in Mexico
Male murder victims
Mexican murder victims
People murdered in Mexico
Featherweight boxers
World featherweight boxing champions
World Boxing Council champions
The Ring (magazine) champions


Uncharacterized protein KIAA1377 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIAA1377 gene.
Also known as Cep126, the protein has been shown to localize to the centrosome. Furthermore, it is found at pericentriolar satellites and the base of the primary cilium. Depleting Cep126 leads to dispersion of pericentriolar satellites, in turn disrupting microtubule organization at the mitotic spindle.

Clinical relevance
Mutations in this gene have been found to cause monomelic amyotrophy.

References

Further reading


Kelch-like protein 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLHL8 gene.

References

Further reading

Kelch proteins


Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, version 3.1 Part 1 (called CC 3.1 or CC) defines the Security Target (ST) as an "implementation-dependent statement of security needs for a specific identified Target of Evaluation (TOE)". In other words, the ST defines boundary and specifies the details of the TOE. In a product evaluation process according to the CC the ST document is provided by the vendor of the product.

An ST defines information assurance security and functional requirements for the given information system product,
which is called the Target of Evaluation (TOE).
An ST is a complete and rigorous description of a security problem in terms of TOE description, threats, assumptions, security objectives, security functional requirements (SFRs), security assurance requirements (SARs), and rationales. The SARs are typically given as a number 1 through 7 called Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL), indicating the depth and rigor of the security evaluation, usually in the form of supporting documentation and testing, that the product meets the SFRs.

An ST contains some (but not very detailed) implementation-specific information that demonstrates how the product addresses the security requirements.
It may refer to one or more Protection Profiles (PPs). In such a case, the ST must fulfill the generic security requirements given in each of these PPs, and may define further requirements.

Security Target outline
 Introduction – an overview of what the TOE does, including key features and purpose.
 ST Reference
 TOE Reference
 TOE Overview
 TOE Description
 Conformance Claims – identifies conformance claims for the TOE evaluation.
 CC version conformance claims
 CC Part 2 conformance claims
 CC Part 3 conformance claims
 PP conformance claims – strict conformance or demonstrable conformance
 Security Problem Definition – describes the threats and assumptions about the operational environment. Objective is to demonstrate the security problem intended to be addressed by the TOE and its operational environment.
 Threats – an adverse action performed by a threat agent on an asset.  Threat agents are described by aspects such as expertise, resources, opportunity, and motivation.
 Organizational Security Policies (OSP) – OSP is a set of security rules, procedures, or guidelines imposed by an organization in TOEs operational environment.
 Assumptions – made only about the operational environment of the TOE behavior.
 Security Objectives – a concise and abstract statement of the intended solution to the problem specified by the security problem definition. Each security objective must trace back to at least one threat or OSP.
 aspect of security which to achieve is the purpose and objective of using certain mitigation measures, such as confidentiality, integrity, availability, user authenticity, access authorisation, accountability.
confidentiality, integrity or availability required to support the applicable foundational requirements.-
 Security Objectives for the TOE
 Security Objectives for the Operational Environment
 Security Objectives Rationale – a set of justifications that shows that all threats and assumptions are effectively addressed by the security objectives.
 Extended Components Definition – the extended components must consist of measurable and objective elements where conformance can be demonstrated.
 Security Requirements – defines and describes the SFRs from CC Part 2 and SARs from CC Part 3.
 Security Functional Requirements – the SFRs form a clear, unambiguous and well-defined description of the expected security behavior of the TOE.
 Security Assurance Requirements – the SARs form a clear, unambiguous and established description of the expected activities that will be undertaken to gain assurance in the TOE.
 Security Requirements Rationale – the justification for a security objective for the TOE demonstrates that the SFRs are sufficient and necessary.
 TOE Summary Specifications – enables evaluators and potential consumers to gain a general understanding of how the TOE is implemented.
 Security Functions – function of a zone or conduit to prevent unauthorised electronic intervention that can impact or influence the normal functioning of devices and systems within the zone or conduit. TOE summary specification must describe how the TOE meets each SFR.
 TOE Security Specifications – a high-level view of how the developer intends to satisfy each SFR.

See also
 Common Criteria
 Protection Profile
 Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)
 Common Criteria Testing Laboratory

References

Computer security procedures


Zinc finger protein 471 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZNF471 gene.

References

Further reading

External links

Transcription factors


Kinesin-like protein KIF17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF17 gene. KIF17 and its close relative, C. elegans OSM-3, are members of the kinesin-2 family of plus-end directed microtubule-based motor proteins. In contrast to heterotrimeric kinesin-2 motors, however, KIF17 and OSM-3 form distinct homodimeric complexes. Homodimeric kinesin-2 has been implicated in the transport of NMDA receptors along dendrites for delivery to the dendritic membrane, whereas both heterotrimeric and homodimeric kinesin-2 motors function cooperatively in anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) and cilium biogenesis.

References

Further reading


KIAA1411, also known as KIAA1411, is a human gene.
It has one paralog, FAM135B.

References

Further reading


Brain-enriched guanylate kinase-associated protein is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BEGAIN gene.

Interactions

BEGAIN has been shown to interact with Retinoblastoma-like protein 1.

References

External links

Further reading


The 1981 San Francisco 49ers season was the franchise's 32nd season in the National Football League (NFL), their 36th overall and their third under head coach Bill Walsh.

The 49ers were 13–3 in the regular season for their first winning season in five years and first playoff appearance in nine years. The franchise's most successful season to date, it was considered to be "the birth of a dynasty", when the 49ers began a decade of dominance over much of the NFL. The 49ers drew an average home attendance of 54,398 in the  season.

The 49ers won Super Bowl XVI, defeating the AFC Champion Cincinnati Bengals 26–21. It was the first of five Super Bowl victories in franchise history, all within the next thirteen seasons. From 1981 to 1997, the 49ers would have thirteen NFC West titles, eight NFC top seeds, and seven seasons with the NFL's best regular season record.

Third-year quarterback Joe Montana began the  season as the starter, and produced two fourth-quarter comeback victories. His signature game of the season was the NFC Championship Game, which culminated in "The Catch", a last-minute touchdown pass from Montana to Dwight Clark, propelling the 49ers to victory over Dallas, and a berth in their first Super Bowl. The 49ers were undefeated in their first five Super Bowls.

NFL Films produced a documentary about the team's season entitled A Very Special Team; it was narrated by John Facenda. On March 23, 2007, NFL Network aired America's Game: The Super Bowl Champions, the 1981 San Francisco 49ers, with team commentary from Dwight Clark, Ronnie Lott and Randy Cross, and narrated by Gene Hackman.

Offseason

NFL Draft
A turning point for the franchise was the drafting of safety Ronnie Lott from the University of Southern California, later inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

Training Camp
The 1981 San Francisco 49ers season held training camp at Red Morten Park in Redwood City, California.

Personnel

Staff

Roster

Preseason

Schedule

Preseason Game summaries

Week P1 (Wednesday, August 5, 1981): at Seattle Seahawks

Point spread:
 Over/Under:
 Time of Game:

Week P2 (Saturday, August 15, 1981): vs. San Diego Chargers

Point spread:
 Over/Under:
 Time of Game:

Week P3 (Saturday, August 22, 1981) vs. Seattle Seahawks

Point spread:
 Over/Under:
 Time of Game:

Week P4 (Saturday, August 29, 1981): at Oakland Raiders

Point spread:
 Over/Under:
 Time of Game:

Regular season
With the offense in good shape, Walsh and the 49ers focused on overhauling the defense in 1981. Walsh took the highly unusual step of overhauling his entire secondary with rookies and untested players, bringing on board Ronnie Lott, Eric Wright and Carlton Williamson and giving Dwight Hicks a prominent role. He also acquired veteran linebacker Jack "Hacksaw" Reynolds and veteran defensive lineman and sack specialist Fred Dean.

These new additions, when added to existing defensive mainstays like Keena Turner, turned the 49ers into a dominant team. After a 1–2 start, the 49ers won all but one of their final games to finish with a 13–3 record, easily the best record in the team's history. Additionally, the 49ers defense yielded more than 20 points in only three games. Dean and Hicks made the Pro Bowl. The 49ers selection of Lott in the 1981 NFL Draft proved to be a seminal one. In addition to making the NFC Pro Bowl roster, Lott was voted First-Team All-Pro and received nods from all 5 newspapers that voted, a significant honor for a rookie. Giants' linebacker Lawrence Taylor was the only other rookie from the 1981 NFL Draft to achieve this unanimous selection to the First Team All-Pro unit.

Led by Montana, the unusual offense was centered around the short passing game, which Walsh used as ball control. Both Dwight Clark and Freddie Solomon had excellent years receiving; Clark as the possession receiver, and Solomon as more of a deep threat. The 49ers running game, however, was among the weakest for any champion in NFL history. Ricky Patton led the 49ers with only 543 yards rushing. The 49ers' most valuable running back, however, might have been Earl Cooper, whose strength was as a pass-catching back (he had 51 catches during the season).

Schedule

Regular Season Game summaries

Week 1 (Sunday, September 6, 1981): at Detroit Lions

Point spread: 49ers +4
 Over/Under: 40.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 18/28, 195 YDS, 1 TD, 1 INT
Rushing: Patton – 15 CAR, 72 YDS, 1 TD; Easley – 7 CAR, 23 YDS; Cooper – 9 CAR, 22 YDS; Montana – 2 CAR, 4 YDS
Receiving: Solomon – 8 REC, 94 YDS, 1 TD; Clark – 5 REC, 57 YDS; Cooper – 3 REC, 11 YDS; Young – 2 REC, 33 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Jones – 3 KR, 43 YDS; Patton – 1 KR, 0 YDS
Punt Returns: Hicks – 2 PR, 46 YDS; Solomon – 2 PR, 16 YDS
Punting: Miller – 3 PUNTS, 101 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 2/2 PAT, 1/2 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Reynolds – 1 INT, 0 YDS
49ers Missed Field Goals: Wersching 32

Week 2 (Sunday, September 13, 1981): vs. Chicago Bears

Point spread: 49ers Pick
 Over/Under: 41.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 20/32, 287 YDS, 3 TDs
Rushing: Patton – 14 CAR, 67 YDS, 1 TD; Cooper – 14 CAR, 67 YDS; Easley – 3 CAR, 5 YDS; Solomon – 1 CAR, –3 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 6 REC, 81 YDS; Solomon – 5 REC, 113 YDS, 1 TD; Cooper – 4 REC, 28 YDS; Patton – 2 REC, 34 YDS, 1 TD; Young – 2 REC, 19 YDS, 1 TD; Elliott – 1 REC, 12 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lott – 3 KR, 55 YDS; Davis – 1 KR, 0 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 4 PR, 40 YDS; Hicks – 1 PR, 7 YDS
Punting: Miller – 5 PUNTS, 190 YDS
Kicking: Bahr – 4/4 PAT, 0/2 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Hicks – 1 INT, 8 YDS
49ers Missed Field Goals: Bahr 39, 48

Week 3 (Sunday, September 20, 1981): at Atlanta Falcons

Point spread: 49ers +9
 Over/Under: 41.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 24/34, 274 YDS, 2 TDs, 2 INTs
Rushing: Cooper – 9 CAR, 40 YDS; Patton – 12 CAR, 30 YDS; Easley – 4 CAR, 18 YDS; Elliott – 4 CAR, 17 YDS; Solomon – 1 CAR, 0 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 9 REC, 77 YDS; Young – 3 REC, 55 YDS, 1 TD; Solomon – 3 REC, 36 YDS, 1 TD; Cooper – 3 REC, 29 YDS; Wilson – 2 REC, 34 YDS; Patton – 2 REC, 16 YDS; Hofer – 1 REC, 22 YDS; Peets – 1 REC, 5 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lott – 3 KR, 56 YDS; Ring – 1 KR, 23 YDS; Wilson – 1 KR, 22 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 2 PR, 9 YDS
Punting: Miller – 3 PUNTS, 160 YDS
Kicking: Bahr – 2/2 PAT, 1/2 FG
Sacks:
49ers Missed Field Goals: Bahr 24 (Blocked)

Joe Montana was intercepted twice in 34 passes (24 completed) as the Niners fell to the Falcons for the eleventh time in the last eight seasons.

Week 4 (Sunday, September 27, 1981): vs. New Orleans Saints

Point spread: 49ers –6
 Over/Under: 43.0 (under)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 16/22, 175 YDS, 1 TD, 1 INT
Rushing: Davis – 11 CAR, 48 YDS, 1 TD; Patton – 14 CAR, 42 YDS; Hofer – 4 CAR, 19 YDS; Montana – 3 CAR, 17 YDS; Cooper – 5 CAR, 10 YDS; Easley –  1 CAR, 5 YDS; Solomon – 1 CAR, 5 YDS
Receiving: Young – 3 REC, 41 YDS; Clark – 3 REC, 30 YDS; Cooper – 3 REC, 6 YDS; Solomon – 2 REC, 80 YDS, 1 TD; Patton – 2 REC, 8 YDS; Hofer – 2 REC, 7 YDS; Lawrence – 1 REC, 3 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 1 KR, 26 YDS; Lott – 1 KR, 0 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 3 PR, 14 YDS; Hicks – 1 PR, 10 YDS
Punting: Miller – 9 PUNTS, 406 YDS
Kicking: Bahr – 3/3 PAT
Interceptions: Lott – 1 INT, 26 YDS, 1 TD; Wright – 1 INT, 26 YDS

Week 5 (Sunday, October 4, 1981): at Washington Redskins

Point spread: 49ers +2
 Over/Under: 43.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 15/28, 193 YDS, 1 INT
Rushing: Patton – 9 CAR, 43 YDS, 1 TD; Davis – 13 CAR, 37 YDS, 1 TD; Cooper – 6 CAR, 21 YDS; Lawrence – 2 CAR, 14 YDS; Elliott – 3 CAR, 12 YDS; Easley – 2 CAR, 1 YD
Receiving: Elliott – 6 REC, 69 YDS; Solomon – 5 REC, 77 YDS; Young – 2 REC, 24 YDS; Clark – 1 REC, 21 YDS; Cooper – 1 CAR, 2 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 2 KR, 41 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 2 PR, 9 YDS
Punting: Miller – 5 PUNTS, 200 YDS
Kicking: Bahr – 3/3 PAT, 1/2 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Hicks – 2 INTs, 104 YDS, 1 TD; McColl – 1 INT, 22 YDS; Lott – 1 INT, 0 YDS
49ers Missed Field Goals: Bahr 25

Week 6 (Sunday, October 11, 1981): vs. Dallas Cowboys

Point spread: 49ers +5
 Over/Under: 45.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 19/29, 279 YDS, 2 TDs; Solomon – 1/1, 25 YDS; Benjamin – 0/3, 0 YDS
Rushing: Hofer – 11 CAR, 40 YDS, 1 TD; Davis – 8 CAR, 28 YDS, 1 TD; Easley – 8 CAR, 28 YDS; Lawrence – 6 CAR, 27 YDS, 1 TD; Patton – 7 CAR, 16 YDS; Cooper – 5 CAR, 9 YDS; Montana – 1 CAR, 2 YDS
Receiving: Solomon – 5 REC, 74 YDS, 1 TD; Clark – 4 REC, 135 YDS, 1 TD; Young – 3 REC, 35 YDS; Hofer – 3 REC, 22 YDS; Wilson – 2 REC, 22 YDS; Cooper – 2 REC, 12 YDS; Patton – 1 REC, 4 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 2 KR, 49 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 2 PR, 5 YDS; Hicks – 1 PR, 3 YDS
Punting: Miller – 6 PUNTS, 277 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 6/6 PAT, 1/2 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Lott – 2 INT, 53 YDS, 1 TD
49ers Missed Field Goals: Wersching 40

Week 7 (Sunday, October 18, 1981) at Green Bay Packers

Point spread: 49ers –1
 Over/Under: 44.0 (under)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 23/32, 220 YDS
Rushing: Davis – 16, CAR, 65 YDS, 1 TD; Cooper – 12 CAR, 38 YDS; Patton – 7 CAR, 15 YDS; Easley – 3 CAR, 3 YDS; Hofer – 8 CAR, 3 YDS; Montana – 1 CAR, 2 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 6 REC, 55 YDS; Hofer – 5 REC, 44 YDS; Solomon – 4 REC, 49 YDS; Patton – 3 REC, 41 YDS; Cooper – 2 REC, 19 YDS; Lawrence – 1 REC, 5 YDS; Young – 1 REC, 4 YDS; Davis – 1 REC, 3 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 2 KR, 21 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 3 PR, 24 YDS; Hicks – 1 PR, 14 YDS
Punting: Miller – 7 PUNTS, 251 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 1/1 PAT, 2/2 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Hicks – 1 INT, 26 YDS

Week 8 (Sunday, October 25, 1981): vs. Los Angeles Rams

Point spread: 49ers –1
 Over/Under: 46.0 (under)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 18/32, 287 YDS, 2 TDs
Rushing: Hofer – 8 CAR, 23 YDS; Davis – 6 CAR, 14 YDS; Patton – 6 CAR, 13 YDS; Cooper – 5 CAR, 7 YDS; Montana – 2 CAR, 3 YDS; Easley – 1 CAR, 0 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 8 REC, 109 YDS, 1 TD; Solomon – 5 REC, 79 YDS, 1 TD; Cooper – 2 REC, 57 YDS; Young – 1 REC, 29 YDS; Patton – 1 REC, 8 YDS; Wilson – 1 REC, 5 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 2 KR, 61 YDS; Ramson – 1 KR, 12 YDS; Wilson – 1 KR,8 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 2 PR, 9 YDS
Punting: Miller – 10 PUNTS, 433 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 2/2 PAT, 2/2 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Lott – 1 INT, 0 YDS

Week 9 (Sunday, November 1, 1981): at Pittsburgh Steelers

Point spread: 49ers +5
 Over/Under: 45.0 (under)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 22/37, 205 YDS, 1 TD, 2 INTs; Easley – 1/1, 5 YDS
Rushing: Easley – 14 CAR, 47 YDS, 1 TD; Patton – 13 CAR, 35 YDS; Hofer – 5 CAR, 26 YDS; Montana – 4 CAR, 12 YDS; Cooper – 3 CAR, 10 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 7 REC, 80 YDS; Cooper – 5 REC, 53 YDS; Young – 3 REC, 13 YDS, 1 TD; Easley – 3 REC, 12 YDS; Solomon – 2 REC, 33 YDS; Patton – 2 REC, 17 YDS; Hofer – 1 REC,2 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Wilson – 2 KR, 37 YDS; Ring – 1 KR, 21 YDS
Punting: Miller – 5 PUNTS, 229 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 2/2 PAT, 1/2 FG
Interceptions: Williamson – 1 INT, 28 YDS; Hicks – 1 INT, 0 YDS; Wright – 1 INT, 0 YDS
49ers Missed Field Goals: Wersching 37 (Blocked)

Week 10 (Sunday, November 8, 1981): vs. Atlanta Falcons

Point spread: 49ers +2½
 Over/Under: 44.0 (under)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 16/30, 223 YDS, 2 TDs, 1 INT
Rushing: Easley – 15 CAR, 31 YDS; Patton – 9 CAR, 26 YDS; Solomon – 3 CAR, 11 YDS; Clark – 1 CAR, 9 YDS; Cooper – 3 CAR, 4 YDS; Montana – 2 CAR, 1 YD; Hofer – 1 CAR, 0 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 7 REC, 128 YDS; Solomon – 3 REC, 56 YDS, 1 TD; Easley – 2 REC, 9 YDS; Young – 2 REC, 9 YDS, 1 TD; Hofer – 1 REC, 21 YDS; Cooper – 1 REC, 0 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Ring – 1 KR, 29 YDS; Hicks – 1 KR, 22 YDS
Punt Returns: Hicks – 4 PR, 36 YDS; Solomon – 3 PR, 15 YDS
Punting: Miller – 10 PUNTS, 420 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 2/2 PAT, 1/1 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Hicks – 2 INT, 37 YDS; Martin – 1 INT, 0 YDS

Week 11 (Sunday, November 15, 1981): vs. Cleveland Browns

Point spread: 49ers –3
 Over/Under: 43.0 (under)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 24/42, 213 YDS, 2 INTs
Rushing: Easley – 16 CAR, 59 YDS; Hofer – 10 CAR, 33 YDS; Patton – 4 CAR, 15 YDS; Davis – 2 CAR, 6 YDS; Montana – 2 CAR, 5 YDS; Solomon – 1 CAR, 0 YDS
Receiving: Hofer – 7 REC, 64 YDS; Clark – 6 REC, 52 YDS; Solomon – 3 REC, 35 YDS; Cooper – 3 REC, 21 YDS; Young – 2 REC, 16 YDS; Patton – 1 REC, 11 YDS; Shumann – 1 REC, 8 YDS; Easley – 1 REC, 6 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 2 KR, 52 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 2 PR, 22 YDS
Punting: Jim Miller – 4 PUNTS, 144 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 4/5 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Hicks – 1 INT, 10 YDS
49ers Missed Field Goals: Wersching 40

The Niners’ winning streak ended in a battle of six combined field goals. Opposing quarterbacks Brian Sipe and Montana combined for 393 yards, three interceptions, and an average passer rating of 56.

Week 12 (Sunday, November 22, 1981): at Los Angeles Rams

Point spread: 49ers +3
 Over/Under: 42.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 19/30, 283 YDS, 1 INT
Rushing: Davis – 8 CAR, 23 YDS, 1 TD; Patton – 8 CAR, 20 YDS; Hofer – 5 CAR, 16 YDS; Lawrence – 2 CAR, 9 YDS; Cooper – 4 CAR, 4 YDS; Montana – 1 CAR, –1 YDS
Receiving: Solomon – 5 REC, 124 YDS; Cooper – 5 REC, 55 YDS; Clark – 4 REC, 59 YDS; Hofer – 2 REC, 20 YDS; Young – 2 REC, 18 YDS; Shumann – 1 REC, 7 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 3 KR, 138 YDS, 1 TD; Ring – 2 KR, 45 YDS
Punt Returns: Hicks – 2 PR, 12 YDS
Punting: Miller – 2 PUNTS, 88 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 3/3 PAT, 4/4 FG
Sacks:
Interceptions: Lott – 1 INT, 25 YDS, 1 TD

The game lead tied or changed eight times as the Rams wound up using quarterbacks Dan Pastorini and Pat Haden while running back Mike Guman threw a seven-yard touchdown to Preston Dennard. Amos Lawrence opened the third quarter by scoring on the opening kickoff and Ronnie Lott scored after intercepting Pastorini.

Week 13 (Sunday, November 29, 1981): vs. New York Giants

Point spread:
 Over/Under:
 Time of Game:

 |scoring=
First quarter
 SF – Johnny Davis 1 yard rush – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 7–0
Second quarter
 SF – Joe Montana 20-yard rush – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 14–0
 NYG – Joe Danelo 52-yard field goal – 49ers 14–3
Fourth quarter
 NYG – Rob Carpenter 3-yard rush – (Joe Danelo kick) 49ers 14–10
 SF – Ray Wersching 23-yard field goal – 49ers 17–10
|stats=
Top passers
 NYG – Scott Brunner, 13/34, 162 Yds, 3 Ints
 SF – Joe Montana, 27/39, 234 Yds
Top rushers
 NYG – Rob Carpenter, 13 Car, 40 Yds, 1 TD
 SF – Paul Hofer, 8 Car, 33 Yds
Top receivers
 NYG – Rob Carpenter, 5 Rec, 55 Yds
 SF – Dwight Clark, 7 Rec, 87 Yds
Top tacklers
 NYG -
 SF -
Turnovers
 NYG – 5
 SF – 0
}}

Week 14 at Cincinnati Bengals

Week 15 vs. Houston Oilers

Week 16 (Sunday, December 20, 1981): at New Orleans Saints

Point spread: 49ers –7
 Over/Under: 37.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 9–11, 106 YDS, 2 TDs; Benjamin – 8/14, 89 YDS, 1 INT
Rushing: Ring – 11 CAR, 71 TDS; Patton – 8 CAR, 36 YDS; Davis – 6 CAR, 19 YDS, 1 TD; Solomon – 1 CAR, 16 YDS; Montana – 1 CAR, 10 YDS; Easley – 2 CAR, 4 YDS; Benjamin – 1 CAR, 1 YD; Cooper – 1 CAR, –3 YDS
Receiving: Solomon – 5 REC, 38 YDS, 1 TD; Patton – 4 REC, 25 YDS; Easley –  3 REC, 35 YDS; Ramson – 2 REC, 27 YDS; Cooper – 1 REC, 36 YDS; Clark – 1 REC, 21 YDS; Young – 1 REC, 13 YDS, 1 TD
Kickoff Returns: Ring – 2 KR, 41 YDS; Lawrence – 2 KR, 24 YDS
Punt Returns: Solomon – 1 PR, 0 YDS
Punting: Miller – 4 PUNTS, 184 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 3/3 PAT
Sacks:
Interceptions: Williamson – 1 INT, 9 YDS

Game officials

Preseason

Regular season

Standings

Final statistics

Regular Season Stats

Passing

Rushing

Statistical comparison

Quarter-by-quarter

Individual leaders

1Completions/attempts
2Carries
3Long gain
4Receptions
5Interceptions
6Punts
7Kickoff Returns
8Punt Returns

Postseason

1981 NFC Divisional Playoffs (Sunday, January 3, 1982): vs. (5) New York Giants

Point spread:
 Over/Under:
 Time of Game:

 |scoring=
First quarter
 SF – Charle Young 8-yard pass from Joe Montana – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 7–0
 NYG – Earnest Gray 72-yard pass from Scott Brunner – (Joe Danelo kick) Tied 7–7
Second quarter
 SF – Ray Wersching 22-yard field goal – 49ers 10–7
 SF – Freddie Solomon 58-yard pass from Joe Montana – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 17–7
 SF – Ricky Patton 25-yard rush – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 24–7
 NYG – Joe Danelo 48-yard field goal – 49ers 24–10
Third quarter
 NYG – Johnny Perkins 59-yard pass from Scott Brunner – (Joe Danelo kick) 49ers 24–17
Fourth quarter
 SF – Bill Ring 3-yard rush – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 31–17
 SF – Ronnie Lott 20-yard interception return – (Ray Wersching kick) 49ers 38–17
 NYG – Johnny Perkins 17-yard pass from Scott Brunner – (Joe Danelo kick) 49ers 38–24
|stats=
Top passers
 NYG – Scott Brunner, 16/37, 290 Yds, 3 TDs, 2 Ints
 SF – Joe Montana, 20/31, 304 Yds, 2 TDs, 1 Int
Top rushers
 NYG – Rob Carpenter, 17 Car, 61 Yds
 SF – Earl Cooper, 7 Car, 52 Yds
Top receivers
 NYG – Johnny Perkins, 7 Rec, 121 Yds, 2 TDs
 SF – Freddie Solomon, 6 Rec, 107 Yds, 1 TD
Top tacklers
 NYG -
 SF -
Turnovers
 NYG – 4
 SF – 1
}}

The Giants were making their first appearance in the postseason since 1963. First-year starting quarterback Joe Montana led the 49ers to victory in his debut playoff game, completing 20 of 31 passes for 304 yards and 2 touchdowns, with 1 interception. His top target in the game was receiver Dwight Clark, who caught 5 passes for 104 yards.

1981 NFC Championship Game (Sunday, January 10, 1982): vs. (2) Dallas Cowboys

Point spread: 49ers +3
 Over/Under: 42.0 (over)
 Time of Game:

Individual stats
Passing: Montana – 22/35, 286 YDS, 3 TDs, 3 INTs
Rushing: Elliott – 10 CAR, 48 YDS; Cooper – 8 REC, 35 YDS; Ring – 6 CAR, 27 YDS; Solomon – 1 CAR, 14 YDS; Easley – 2 CAR, 6 YDS; Davis – 1 CAR, 2 YDS, 1 TD; Montana – 3 CAR, –5 YDS
Receiving: Clark – 8 REC, 120 YDS, 2 TDs; Solomon – 6 REC, 75 YDS, 1 TD; Young – 4 REC, 45 YDS; Cooper – 2 REC, 11 YDS; Elliott – 1 REC, 24 YDS; Shumann – 1 REC, 11 YDS
Kickoff Returns: Lawrence – 3 KR, 60 YDS; Ring – 3 KR, 47 YDS
Punt Returns: Hicks – 2 PR, 21 YDS; Solomon – 1 PR, 3 YDS
Punting: Miller – 3 PUNTS, 107 YDS
Kicking: Wersching – 4/4 PAT
Sacks: Pillers – 2.0; Board – 1.0; Stuckey – 1.0
Interceptions: Leopold – 1 INT, 5 YDS

The 49ers were making their third appearance in the NFC Championship Game. Their opponent was their opponent for the two previous NFC Championship Games-the Dallas Cowboys. In both previous matches, the 49ers had lost the game. The game is remembered for "The Catch".

The play, remembered in 49er lore as "Red Right Tight—Sprint Right Option" had called for both the primary receiver, Solomon, and Dwight Clark to line up on the right. Montana was supposed to roll to his right and find Solomon. Clark's pattern called for him to cut left across the end zone, stop, and immediately reverse his path to the right. If Solomon were covered, it would be up to Montana to find Clark. Due to the pressure, Montana's pass was high, but Clark was in position to make his memorable grab. Future New England Patriots/Tampa Bay Buccaneers quarterback Tom Brady, who grew up in the Bay Area, attended the game as a four-year-old. The 49ers were victorious despite an astonishing six turnovers, including three interceptions by Joe Montana.

A photograph of the catch, with Clark at the height of his leap and Everson Walls reaching out to try to block the ball, was featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated the following week.

Super Bowl XVI

Game officials

Awards and records
 Joe Montana, Super Bowl Most Valuable Player
 Bill Walsh, National Football League Coach of the Year Award

1982 AFC-NFC Pro Bowl

Media

Pre season Local TV

Local Radio

References

External links
 49ers on Pro Football Reference
 49ers Schedule on jt-sw.com

San Francisco 49ers seasons
San Francisco
NFC West championship seasons
National Football Conference championship seasons
Super Bowl champion seasons
1981 in San Francisco
San


David Tremlett (born 13 February 1945 in St Austell, Cornwall) is an English/Swiss sculptor, installation artist and photographer. He lives and works in Bovingdon, Hertfordshire, England. He is married to Laure Genillard who runs an art space in London, they were married in 1987.

Biography
Tremlett was born in St Austell and came to Sticker, near St Austell, Cornwall at the age of 6 months where he grew up on his parents’ farm. He attended Falmouth College of Art from 1962 to 1963. He was introduced to the college by Lionel Miskin and taught by Francis Hewlett (painting) and Ray Exworth (sculpture)—Exworth told him he was 'useless'—before studying sculpture at Birmingham School of Art from 1963 until 1966 and then at the Royal College of Art in London. He travelled from the early 1970s in North America and Australia and from 1978 to 1987 in the Middle East and Africa.

His first solo exhibition was with Nigel Greenwood Gallery in London in the early seventies, where he rose to prominence alongside artists such as Richard Long and Gilbert and George. Tremlett was already making wall drawings at that time — his first was in 1969. Since the 1980s, his primary media has been pastel, of which he says: "It is a fragile, delicate powder, so light that you can blow it away, but at the same time you can make something strong, demanding, and structurally tough." Despite the time and attention required by all of his site-specific works, Tremlett does not limit himself to locations that will ensure permanence. Indeed, many of his wall drawings exist for only a short period of time before they are weathered by natural elements or painted over in preparation for the next gallery show. Tremlett's palette has also been influenced over the years by his travel to execute site-specific works in places such as Malawi, India, Italy and Texas.

In 1992 he was shortlisted for the Turner Prize "for his many wall drawings displayed around the world, most notably at the Kestnergesellschaft in Hanover."

Since the late 1970s, he has been creating wall drawings notably at the British Embassy in Berlin, the British Council Building in Nairobi, Kenya (designed by Squire and Partners in 2004) and the Capella Delle Brunate at La Morra, Barolo with his friend Sol LeWitt. His stained glass windows for the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul in Villenauxe-la-Grande in France were completed in 2005. The South Lobby of the Bloomberg Building, City of London was completed in 2017.Tremlett has exhibited internationally in private galleries and major museums with 10 catalogues and many artist books to his credit. His extensive exhibition history includes solo exhibitions at The Tate Gallery, now Tate Britain, in London;  Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris; the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam; Museum of Grenoble; Pecci Museum, Prato, Italy; and the Museum of Modern Art in New York. He has 190 Solo Exhibitions to his history as an Artist. In 2011 he was asked to create a work for the entrance of the Manton Hall at Tate Britain titled 'Drawing for Free Thinking' it spans 450 sq. metres.

In 2012 he exhibited "New work on Paper" at Gering & López Gallery in New York City.

In 2013 a vast set of wall drawings were made for the Ikon Gallery in Birmingham.

In 2015 was made an 'Honorary Citizen of La Morra, Piedmont' A small town above the Capella Della Brunate, where he and Sol LeWitt worked in 1999.

In 2016 completed the exterior of the Chiesetta di Coazzolo in Piedmont, Italy, where he was made an 'Honorary Citizen'

In 2017 completed the Lobby of the South Building for Bloomberg London.

In 2019 made wall paintings for the complete street Via di Mezzo in Ghizzano, Tuscany, Italy.

In 2019 completed the exterior of three chapels in Rossa, Grisons, Switzerland.

Between 2019 and 2021 completed 11 ceiling drawings for The Palazzo Butera in Palermo, Sicily.

In 2022, he created Wall Drawing OUT and Wall Drawing IN at the Horti Borromaici of the Collegio Borromeo in Pavia.

With more than 30 Artists books and 28 Personal Catalogues published since 1974.

Major Catalogues include In Space / Nello Spazio, 2021 - published by Palazzo Butera, Palermo,Sicily - Walls 2001-2010, 2010, Forte di Bard
Aosta, Italy - David Tremlett Retrospective 1969/2006, 2006 -  Musee Grenoble/Pecci Museum, Prato It.
Grenoble / Prato, France & Italy - Se I Muri Potessero Parlare (if walls could talk), 2001 published by Mazzotta
Milan, Italy - Wall Drawings, 1995, published by Carre d'Art & Juan Miro Foundation, Barcelona
Nimes, France - David Tremlett, 1993, published by Padiglione d'Arte Contemporanea
Milan, Italy - David Tremlett, 1992, published by Kestner Gesellschaft
Hannover, Germany - David Tremlett at the Serpentine gallery, 1989, published by Serpentine Gallery
London, United Kingdom - Dates Different, 1987, published by Musee Chateau Rochechouart
Rochechouart, France:

References

External links

  Website
  Wallpaper
 Artforum International Magazine

1945 births
Alumni of Falmouth University
Alumni of the Royal College of Art
Photographers from Cornwall
English sculptors
English male sculptors
Living people
English contemporary artists
Swiss contemporary artists
People from St Austell
People from Bovingdon
Alumni of the Birmingham School of Art


Mary Casey may refer to:

 Mary Ann Casey (born 1949), retired American diplomat, former ambassador to Algeria and Tunisia
 Mary Casey (Neighbours), fictional character from the Australian soap opera Neighbours
 Mary Hutchison (1915–1994), née Casey, national president of the Scottish Co-operative Women's Guild


Protein CIP2A also known as cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIAA1524 gene.

Function

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a trimeric serine-threonine phosphatase consisting of a catalytic C-subunit (PP2Ac), a scaffolding A-subunit and various regulatory B-subunits. Importantly, it has been estimated that collectively PP2A complexes can dephosphorylate a vast majority of all cellular serine/threonine phosphorylated proteins including large number of phosphoproteins involved in cancer maintenance and progression. The functional role of PP2A as a human tumor suppressor was validated by studies initiated by the Weinberg laboratory, which demonstrated that normal human cells immortalized by overexpression of TERT and inhibition of p53 and Rb, could not be transformed by oncogenic forms of H-Ras without simultaneous inhibition of PP2A activity. These studies established the paradigm that increased activity of oncogenic kinases is not sufficient to drive human cell transformation if PP2A activity is not simultaneously inhibited.  In striking contrast to the tumor suppressor p53, which in human tumors is mainly inactivated by mutations, PP2A complex proteins are mutated at low frequency (http://www.cbioportal.org) and rather seem to be inhibited by overexpression of PP2A inhibitor proteins such as CIP2A, PME-1 and SET.

CIP2A inhibits PP2A tumor suppressor activity in human malignancies. More specifically, CIP2A was demonstrated to inhibit PP2A activity towards oncogenic transcription factor c-Myc, and thereby prevent c-Myc proteolytic degradation. Moreover, CIP2A is required for the malignant cellular growth and for in vivo tumor formation. In accordance with the oncogenic role of CIP2A, overexpression of CIP2A promotes Ras-elicited cell growth and transforms immortalized human cells (HEK-TERVs). More recently CIP2A has been shown to regulate phosphorylation and activity of many other oncoproteins and to drive malignant cell growth and tumorigenesis in various human cancer types. Importantly, CIP2A deficient mice are viable, suggesting that targeting of oncogenic function of CIP2A would not results in serious side-effects.

Role in meiosis

A unique feature of meiosis in female mammals, not seen in other cell types, is the characteristic prolonged arrest during the prophase stage of meiosis I. Specifically in oocytes, DNA double-strand breaks can be repaired during meiosis I by a mechanism involving microtubule-dependent recruitment from spindle pole to chromosomes of a protein complex composed of CIP2A (the protein encoded by KIAA1524 gene), MDC1 and TOPBP1.

Clinical significance

CIP2A is over-expressed in several common human malignancies including, human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC),  colon cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Notably, in these cancer types CIP2A over-expression is observed with very high frequency;  in breast cancer around 40% of cancer patients are over-expressing CIP2A whereas in all other studied cancer types the frequency is between 65-87 percent. In breast cancer CIP2A expression correlates with disease aggressivity whereas in gastric and lung cancer CIP2A expression predicts for poor patient survival. To date high CIP2A expression has been observed to predict poor patient prognosis in more than dozen human cancer types, which makes it one of the most frequently altered human oncoprotein with clinical relevance.

CIP2A is also over expressed in prostate cancer, lung cancer,  oral squamous cell carcinoma, and gastric cancer. Furthermore, the expression of CIP2A correlates with breast cancer aggressivity. It is also implicated in some Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) resistance to imatinib (Gleevec).

References

 IL-10 promotes tumor aggressiveness via upregulation of CIP2A transcription in lung adenocarcinoma. Sung WW et al.,.  Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Aug 1;19(15):4092-103
 Senescence sensitivity of breast cancer cells is defined by positive feedback loop between CIP2A and E2F1. Laine A et al., Cancer Discov.2013 Feb;3(2):182-97
 CIP2A is a target of bortezomib in human triple negative breast cancer cells. Tseng LM et al. Breast Cancer Res. 2012 Apr 26;14(2):R68
 CIP2A promotes proliferation of spermatogonial progenitor cells and spermatogenesis in mice. Ventelä S et al., PLoS One.2012;7(3):e33209
 Cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) at diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia is a critical determinant of disease progression. Lucas CM et al., Blood. 2011 Jun 16;117(24):6660-8
 The dependence receptor UNC5H2/B triggers apoptosis via PP2A-mediateddephosphorylation of DAP kinase. Guenebeaud C, et al., Mol Cell. 2010 Dec 22;40(6):863-76
 CIP2A mediates effects of bortezomib on phospho-Akt and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Chen KF et al.,. Oncogene 2010 Nov 25;29(47):6257-66
 CIP2A is associated with human breast cancer aggressivity. Côme C, et al., Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Aug15;15(16):5092-100
 MYC-dependent regulation and prognostic role of CIP2A in gastric cancer. Khanna A, et al., J Natl Cancer Inst .2009 Jun 3;101(11):793-805
 CIP2A inhibits PP2A in human malignancies. Junttila MR, et al., Cell. 2007 Jul 13;130(1):51-62

Further reading


East Mecklenburg High School is a public secondary school in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, and one of 21 high schools in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools system. The principal of the school is Richard "Rick" Parker. East Mecklenburg High School is partial magnet school in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools. It is part of the International Baccalaureate program. East Mecklenburg students come from many middle school areas such as Albemarle Road, Carmel, Queens Grant, Crestdale, Eastway, J.T. Williams, McClintock, Mint Hill, Randolph, Northeast, and Northridge.

History
Founded in 1950, East Mecklenburg had grades 10, 11, and 12 until the 1997–98 school year, when ninth graders were added. East Mecklenburg served as the high school for all of eastern Mecklenburg County until 1989, when Providence High School opened.

Student profile
East Mecklenburg High (or simply East Meck or East) touts one of the most diverse student bodies in Charlotte. For the 2011–2012 school year, the school of 1,686 students reported the following racial breakdown to CMS: 48.27% African-American, 23.90% White, 17.02% Hispanic, 6.29% Asian and Pacific/Hawaiian Islanders, 3.80% Multi-racial, and 0.71% American Indian/Alaskan Native.

Classes
East Mecklenburg offers a wide array of classes to its students. The most challenging are those found in its International Baccalaureate program and its 23 Advanced Placement courses. The school also hosts a top-notch special education department, known as its Exceptional Children program. More than 30 faculty members serve as resources and assistants in the program. The AutoTech program and Culinary department offer technical skills courses to those students not interested in intensive college prep.

East Mecklenburg is one of five High Schools in North Carolina that has an Academy of Engineering program. Over 20 Students were accepted into the program which began in the Fall of 2011. The program has been carefully designed to introduce students to a wide variety of engineering principles, PLTW classes for the program include; Introduction of Engineering Design, Principles of Engineering, Civil Engineering & Architecture, Bio-technical Engineering, and Engineering Design and Development.

Athletics

East Meck competes in the Southwestern 4A conference of the North Carolina High School Athletic Association (NCHSAA). Team colors are blue and yellow and the school mascot is an eagle.

In 2008, the boys' basketball team won the 4A state championship, defeating the Apex High School Cougars 73–61.

The East Meck rugby team won the 2008 Division II State Championship, and in its second full year, won the 2009 Division I state championship after defeating crosstown rival Myers Park in the title game. In 2010 they were runners-up for Division I State Championship's losing to West Mecklenburg High School 25–12.

The boys' cross country team have won six cross country state titles, including a three-peat from 1990–92. Members of East Meck cross country designed and built Charlotte's McAlpine Greenway Park cross country course, the site of major meets such as the Wendy's Invitational and the Southern regional qualifying race of the Foot Locker Cross Country Championships.

NCHSAA State Championships
 Men's Basketball: 2008
 Men's Indoor Track: 2000
 Men's Outdoor Track: 1997
 Men's Cross Country: 1960, 1973, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992
 Men's Tennis: 1973
 Women's Indoor Track: 1991
 Women's Cross Country: 1982
 Women's Swimming: 1989
 Football: 1977
 Men's Soccer: 1968, 1969

Awards
Based on its proportion of graduating seniors taking AP and IB tests, East was ranked among the 500 top high schools in the nation by Newsweek.

Also frequently earning awards is East Meck's culinary program. Since 2005, East's culinary team has won gold medals in state and national competition. In April 2008, senior Luis Rojas was named the National High School Chef of the Year by Johnson & Wales University in the dessert category, garnering him more than $80,000 in scholarship money.

The Eagle, East Mecklenburg's school newspaper, was named a Paper of Distinction in 2008 by the North Carolina Scholastic Media Association.

Notable alumni
 Brad Anderson, professional wrestler, son of Gene Anderson
 Rodney Austin, former NFL offensive tackle
 Byron Dinkins, former NBA player
 Mike Fox, head baseball coach at the University of North Carolina, one of only six men to play in and then coach his alma mater to the College World Series
 Evan Harding, professional soccer player for the Charlotte Eagles
 Carter Heyward, paved the way for the recognition of women as priests in the Episcopal Church
 Jeremy Ingram, professional basketball player
 Macoumba Kandji, professional soccer player
 Jennifer Loven, journalist and former White House press correspondent for the Associated Press
 Joan Nesbit, cross country national champion and United States representative at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the 10,000-meter run
 Jim Gulley, politician
 Richard Edwin Parris Jr., member of alternative metal grunge band Animal Bag
 Eddie Payne, college basketball coach
 Mike Pope, former NFL coach, 4-time Super Bowl champion as tight end coach with the New York Giants
 Joe Posnanski, American sports journalist
 Jeff Reed, former NFL kicker for the Pittsburgh Steelers and 2-time Super Bowl champion
 Dustin Rhodes, aka "Golddust", best known for his multiple tenures with the WWE
 Jennifer Roberts, politician, community activist, and the 58th Mayor of Charlotte
 Richard Vinroot, politician, attorney, and the 52nd Mayor of Charlotte
 Earl Wentz, pianist, composer, and musical director
 Barry Windham, professional wrestler, son of Blackjack Mulligan
 Luke Little, professional baseball pitcher for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball MLB

References

External links
  East Meck's school website

International Baccalaureate schools in North Carolina
Public high schools in North Carolina
Educational institutions established in 1950
Schools in Charlotte, North Carolina
Magnet schools in North Carolina
1950 establishments in North Carolina


Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCN3 gene.

See also
 Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel

References

Further reading

External links

Ion channels