Nnemkadi Chinwe Victoria "Nneka" Ogwumike (; born July 2, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), after being drafted No. 1 overall in the 2012 WNBA draft. Soon after being drafted, Ogwumike signed an endorsement deal with Nike. She is the older sister of Chiney Ogwumike, who also plays for the Sparks. Ogwumike was named WNBA MVP for the 2016 WNBA season and won the WNBA Finals the same year She was named to The W25 the league's list of the top 25 players of its first 25 years, in 2021.

She also plays for Dynamo Kursk of Russia Her name "Nneka" means "Mother is Supreme" in the Igbo language of Nigeria - where her family hails from. She is 6'2" and plays power forward. She attended Cy-Fair High School in Cypress, Texas and led them to a 5A State Championship in her senior season. While at Stanford University she helped the Cardinal reach the Final Four four times. Ogwumike was elected President of the WNBA Players Association in 2016 and was re-elected to a new three-year term in 2019.

High school
Ogwumike was named a WBCA All-American. She participated in the 2008 WBCA High School All-America Game, where she scored 17 points, grabbed 6 rebounds, and earned MVP honors for the White team. She averaged 16.8 points, 8.0 rebounds, 1.8 assists, 2.4 steals and 0.8 blocks per game during the 2007–08 season at Cy-Fair High School.

College

Ogwumike chose Stanford over Baylor, Duke, Connecticut, Tennessee and Notre Dame. She was a member of USA Under 18 Team that won gold in Argentina on July 23–27, 2008. Nneka tallied 20 points and 15 rebounds in the championship game of the Under-18 FIBA Americas. She led team USA to a 5–0 record while leading the team in scoring and rebounding. She was named MVP of this tournament in Argentina.

Nneka had also played with her sister, Chiney Ogwumike in Stanford.

In a 100-80 victory over Oregon on January 23, 2010, Ogwumike set a new Cardinal record for rebounds in a game with 23.

On December 20, 2011, Ogwumike scored a career-high 42 points on 19 for 27 shooting while also grabbing 17 rebounds in a 97–80 win over the sixth-ranked Tennessee Lady Vols.

On January 7, 2012, Ogwumike surpassed both the 2,000 point and the 1,000 rebound thresholds for her career with a 33-point, 16 rebound performance against Oregon State.

Ogwumike left the Stanford Cardinal as the second all-time leading scorer for the women's basketball program, behind only Candice Wiggins.

USA Basketball
Ogwumike was a member of the USA Women's U18 team which won the gold medal at the FIBA Americas Championship in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The event was held in July 2008, when the USA team defeated host Argentina to win the championship. Ogwumike helped the team win all five games, starting all five games and leading all scorers with 12.6 points per game. She was also the leading rebounder with 8 per game. Ogwumike recorded 15 rebounds in the final game against Argentina, an U18 record.

Ogwumike continued on to the USA Women's U19 team which represented the US in the 2009 U19 World's Championship, held in Bangkok, Thailand in July and August 2009. Although the USA team lost the opening game to Spain, they went on to win their next seven games to earn a rematch against Spain in the finals, and won the game 81–71 to earn the gold medal. Ogwumike started all nine games and was the team's leading scorer, with 13.6 points per game. She was the leading rebounder with almost ten per game, and was named to the all-tournament team.

Ogwumike played on the team presenting the US at the 2011 World University Games held in Shenzhen, China, along with her sister, Chiney Ogwumike . The team, coached by Bill Fennelly, won all six games to earn the gold medal. Ogwumike averaged 13.2 points and 5.7 rebounds per game, both second place on the team behind Elena Delle Donne.

Ogwumike had also played for Team USA at the 2014 FIBA World Championship for Women, helping Team USA beat Spain 77–64 in the gold medal game.

WNBA career

On April 16, 2012, the Los Angeles Sparks picked Ogwumike first overall in the 2012 WNBA draft. She became the second player from Cypress-Fairbanks High School to be drafted No. 1 overall into the WNBA behind Lindsey Harding in 2007.

On July 12, 2012, Ogwumike set a career-high in rebounds with 20 to go along with 22 points in a 77–74 win over the eventual WNBA champion Indiana Fever. On September 13, 2012, she scored a season high 30 points on 10 of 15 shooting to go along with 11 rebounds in an 86–77 win over the Chicago Sky. In the regular season finale on September 20, 2012, Ogwumike matched her teammate Candace Parker for team highs in both points and rebounds with each player earning 22 and 11, respectively, in a 92–76 win over the defending WNBA champion Minnesota Lynx. Ogwumike was 10 for 13 from the field.

Ogwumike was named WNBA Rookie of the Month four out of five times in her rookie season. On October 7, 2012, Ogwumike was awarded as the 2012 WNBA Rookie of the Year. It marked the fifth consecutive year that the award had been won by the first overall draft pick.

During the 2014 season, Ogwumike averaged 15.8 ppg and was voted as a WNBA All-star for the second time in her career along with her sister Chiney Ogwumike, becoming the first pair of sisters to be selected into a WNBA All-Star game.

In 2016, Ogwumike re-signed with the Sparks once her rookie contract expired. During the season, Ogwumike was named AP WNBA Player of the Year, while finishing third in the league in scoring (19.7 ppg), third in the league in rebounding (9.1 rpg) and first in field goal percentage (.665). Her season performance would also help her earn the 2016 WNBA Most Valuable Player Award. During the season, Ogwumike had set a WNBA record for most consecutive field goals made (23 consecutive field goals over three games) and set a new WNBA single-game record for most field-goal attempts without a miss in which she scored 32 points on 12 of 12 field goal shooting in a 97–73 win over the Dallas Wings. On June 30, 2016, she scored a career-high 38 points along with 11 rebounds in an 84–75 victory against the Atlanta Dream. In addition, she set the basketball record for highest true shooting percentage by reaching 73.7% during the season, becoming the most efficient shooter in the history of professional basketball. With a supporting cast of Candace Parker and Kristi Toliver, the Sparks were a championship contender in the league with a 26–8 record. With the WNBA's new playoff format in effect, the Sparks were the number 2 seed in the league with a double-bye to the semi-finals (the last round before the WNBA Finals) facing the Chicago Sky. The Sparks defeated the Sky 3–1 in the series, advancing to the WNBA Finals for the first time since 2003. In the WNBA Finals, it was the second time in league history where two teams from the same conference faced each other in the Finals due to the new playoff format. Against the championship-defending Minnesota Lynx, the Sparks won the championship in a hard-fought five-game series, winning their first championship since 2002. Ogwumike won her first career WNBA championship. In game five of the series, Ogwumike had 12 points along with 12 rebounds and scored a game-winning shot after grabbing an offensive rebound to put the Sparks up 77–76 with 3 seconds left in the game. Ogwumike became the seventh player in WNBA history to win both the regular season MVP award and a championship in the same season.

In 2017, Ogwumike signed a contract extension with the Sparks. During the 2017 season, Ogwumike was voted into the 2017 WNBA All-Star Game, making it her fourth career all-star appearance. On August 18, 2017, Ogwumike scored a season-high 32 points along with 10 rebounds in a 115–106 double overtime victory over the Chicago Sky. By the end of the season, Ogwumike led the Sparks in scoring for the second season in a row, averaging 18.8 ppg and the Sparks finished as the number 2 seed for the second year in a row with the same record, receiving a double-bye to the semi-finals. The Sparks would go on to advance to the Finals for the second season in a row, after defeating the Phoenix Mercury in a 3-game sweep, setting up a rematch with the Lynx. However, the Sparks would lose in five games, failing to win back-to-back championships.

To start off 2018, Ogwumike scored a season-high 25 points in an 87–70 victory over the Indiana Fever. Later on in the season, Ogwumike was voted into the 2018 WNBA All-Star Game but would miss the game due to fatigue, which kept her sidelined for over a week in mid July. Ogwumike made her return on August 2, 2018, against the Minnesota Lynx and scored 15 points in a 79–57 victory. Ogwumike finished off the season averaging 15.5 ppg. The Sparks finished 19–15 with the number 6 seed in the league. In the first round elimination game, they defeated the championship-defending Minnesota Lynx 75–68. In the second round elimination game, the Sparks lost 96–64 to the Washington Mystics.

On July 4, 2019, Ogwumike scored a season-high 31 points along with 10 rebounds in a 98–81 victory over the Washington Mystics. Ogwumike would be voted into the 2019 WNBA All-Star Game, making it her 6th all-star appearance. The Sparks finished off the season as the number 3 seed with a 22–12 record, receiving a bye to the second round. In the second round elimination game, the Sparks defeated the defending champions Seattle Storm 92–69. In the semi-finals, the Sparks were eliminated in a three-game sweep by the Connecticut Sun.

In 2020, the season was delayed and shortened to 22 games in a bubble at IMG Academy due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On September 12, 2020, Ogwumike scored a season-high 24 points in a 84–70 loss to the Las Vegas Aces. Ogwumike played 18 of the 22 games (sitting out 4 games with a back injury). The Sparks finished the season 15–7 as the number 3 seed, receiving a bye to the second round, but were once again eliminated by the Connecticut Sun in the elimination game, Ogwumike was unable to play for the game due to an illness.

In January 2021, Ogwumike re-signed with the Sparks to a multi-year deal.  During the 2021 season. the WNBA's 25th, she was named to The W25 as one of the top 25 players in league history, and at the end of the season was selected for the WNBA's Kim Perrot Sportsmanship Award for the third consecutive year.

Overseas career
In the 2012–13 off-season, Ogwumike played in Poland for CCC Polkowice and won a championship with the team Since 2014, Ogwumike has played three off-seasons in Russia for Dynamo Kursk. The club won the 2017 Euroleague. In late 2017, Ogwumike returned to Dynamo Kursk for the 2017–18 WNBA off-season.

Personal life
Ogwumike is Catholic.

Career statistics

WNBA

Regular season

|- style="text-align: Center;"
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 33 || 33 || 27.9 || .535 || .143 || .734 || 7.5 || 1.2 || 1.3 || 0.8 || 1.2 || 14.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2013
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 34  || 34  || 25.8 || .566 || .400 || .826 || 7.6 || 1.3 || 1.4 || 0.9 || 1.9 || 14.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2014
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 33 || 33 ||27.6||.520||.300||.873|| 7.1|| 1.5 ||1.7  || 0.4 || 2.0 || 15.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2015
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 23 || 23 ||style="background:#D3D3D3"|34.1° ||.525 ||.083|| .866|| 7.3|| 2.1 || 1.0 || 0.4 || 1.8 || 16.5
|-
|style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2016†
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 33 || 33 ||31.6||style="background:#D3D3D3"|.665° ||.615||.869|| 9.1 || 3.1  || 1.2 ||  1.1  || 2.1 || 19.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2017
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 34 || 34 ||30.9|| .561 ||.340|| .870 || 7.7 || 2.1 || 1.8 || 0.5 || 1.5 || 18.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2018
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 27 || 27||30.8|| .525 ||.346|| .816 || 6.8 || 2.0 || 1.5 || 0.4 || 1.4 || 15.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2019
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 32 || 32 ||27.9|| .510 ||.338 || .828 || 8.8 || 1.8 || 1.8 || 0.4 || 1.8 || 16.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2020
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 18 || 18 || 26.2 || .569 ||.500 || .837 || 4.8 || 1.7 || 1.1 || 0.2 || 1.6 || 13.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2021
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 18 || 18 || 31.7 || .532 || .367 || .800 || 6.5 || 2.7 || 1.4 || 0.3 || 2.2 || 14.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2022
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 34 || 34 || 31.4 || .544 || .368 || .826 || 6.6 || 2.0 || 1.7 || 0.4 || 1.8 || 18.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2023
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 36 || 36 || 31.1 || .512 || .339 || .870 || 8.8 || 2.7 || 1.7 || 0.7 || 2.2 || 19.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"| 12 years, 1 team
| 355 || 355 || 29.7 || .545 || .361 || .838 || 7.5 || 2.0 || 1.5 || 0.6 || 1.8 || 16.6

Playoffs

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 4 || 4 || 25.8 || .552 || .000 || .400 || 5.3 || 0.5 || 1.0|| 0.8|| 1.2 || 9.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2013
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 3||3||30.3||.419|| .000 || .909||11.7||1.0||0.7||0.0 || 2.0||12.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2014
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 2||2||30.0||.667||.000 ||1.000||6.0||1.0||0.5||0.0||3.0||13.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2015
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 3||3||30.7||.600||.000 ||.833||4.3||2.0||1.0||0.3||2.3||11.7
|-
|style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 2016†
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 9||9||31.4||.625||.222||.763||9.3||2.6||2.0||1.1||2.8||17.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2017
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 8||8||31.5||.482|| .100 ||.744||8.8||1.5||2.1||0.1||1.7||14.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2018
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 2|| 2 ||33.8|| .400 ||.000 || .733 || 4.0 || 1.5 || 1.5 || 0.5 || 2.5 || 13.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2019
| style="text-align:left;"| Los Angeles
| 4 || 4 ||29.1|| .592 ||.400 || .857 || 7.3 || 1.8 || 1.2 || 0.5 || 2.0 || 18.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|8 years, 1 team
|35||35||30.4||.550||.208||.763||7.8||1.7||1.5||0.5||2.2||14.4

College

Source

Awards and honors

 2021 The W25
 2021 Kim Perrot Sportsmanship Award
 2021 WNBA All-Star as member of Team USA
 2020 Kim Perrot Sportsmanship Award
 2019 Kim Perrot Sportsmanship Award
 2019 All-WNBA Second Team
 2019 WNBA All-Star
 2018 WNBA All-Star
 2017 All-WNBA Second Team
 2017 WNBA All-Defensive First Team
 2017 WNBA All-Star
2016 WNBA Champion
2016 WNBA MVP
 2016 All-WNBA First Team
 2016 WNBA All-Defensive First Team
 2015 WNBA All-Defensive First Team
2015 WNBA all star
2014 All WNBA Second Team
2014 WNBA all star
2013 WNBA all star
2012 Naismith Finalist
2012 WNBA Rookie of the Year
2012 Wooden AwardFinalist
2012 Wade Trophy Finalist
2012 AP All-America 1st Team
2012 Pac-12 Player of the Year
2012 Pac-12 All-Defensive Team
2012 Pac-12 Tournament MOP
2012 Fresno Regional MVP
2011 Naismith Finalist
2011 Wooden Award Finalist
2011 Wade Trophy Finalist
2011 AP All-America 2nd Team
2011 All-Pac-10 Team
2011 Pac-10 All-Defensive Team
2011 Pac-10 Tournament MOP
2011 Spokane Regional MVP
2010 AP All-America 2nd Team
2010 All-Final Four Team
2010 Sacramento Regional MVP
2010 Pac-10 Tournament MOP
2010 Pac-10 Player of the Year (both coaches and media)
2009 Pac-10 All-Tournament Team
2009 Pac-10 All-Freshman Team
2008 MaxPreps National Girls Athlete of the Year
2008 Gatorade National Player of the Year
2008 Texas Gatorade Player of the Year
2008 Co-Parade Magazine National Player of the Year
2008 McDonald's All-American Game Starter
2008 WBCA All-American Game West MVP
2008 EA Sports First Team
2008 Texas Ms. Basketball
2007 Texas Gatorade Player of the Year
2007 MVP End of the Trail
2007 Second Team Parade Magazine All-America
2007 First Team EA Sports All-America
2007 Texas Ms. Basketball
2006 Street and Smith All-America Honorable Mention
2006 Adidas Top Ten Underclass All-Star
2006 TGCA 5A All-State First Team
2006 All-Metro First Team
Ranked 6th best player in class by ESPN HoopGurlz
Ranked 4th best player in the class by Blue Star Basketball
Ranked 3rd best player by Rise Magazine
Ranked 2nd best player in the class by ASGR

Filmography

References

External links

USA Basketball bio
Stanford Cardinal bio
PLK profile

1990 births
Living people
African-American Catholics
All-American college women's basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in China
American people of Igbo descent
American sportspeople of Nigerian descent
American women's basketball players
Guangdong Vermilion Birds players
Igbo sportspeople
Los Angeles Sparks draft picks
Los Angeles Sparks players
McDonald's High School All-Americans
Medalists at the 2011 Summer Universiade
Parade High School All-Americans (girls' basketball)
People from Cypress, Texas
Power forwards (basketball)
Basketball players from Harris County, Texas
Stanford Cardinal women's basketball players
FISU World University Games gold medalists for the United States
Universiade medalists in basketball
Women's National Basketball Association All-Stars
Women's National Basketball Association first-overall draft picks
United States women's national basketball team players


Melkridge is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England, on the river South Tyne. The village of Melkridge is in the south of the parish, and is about two miles (3 km) east of Haltwhistle along the A69 road. At the 2001 the civil parish had a population of 212, increasing slightly to 216 at the 2011 Census.

History
Melkridge is the locus of prehistoric settlement dating to about 500 to 2500 BC.

Governance
Melkridge is in the parliamentary constituency of Hexham.

Transport
Melkridge has no Railway station, despite its proximity to the tracks of the Newcastle to Carlisle line, served by Northern Rail. The nearest stations to Melkridge are at Bardon Mill and Haltwhistle. Melkridge is however served by the 685 bus service, operated by Arriva and Stagecoach, between Newcastle and Carlisle.

Education
Children living within the Parish of Melkridge in school years Reception – four fall primarily within the catchment areas of Tynedale Community Campus Lower School (Formerly Haltwhistle First School) and Henshaw Church of England Controlled First School. They then fall within the catchment area of Tynedale Community Campus Upper School for school years 5–8 and finally Haydon Bridge High School (HBHS) for years 9–11. For those students wishing to study at A Level, HBHS has a provision for 6th Form students aged 16–18.

See also
 Henshaw
 Housesteads
 Rowfoot
 Stanegate
 Haltwhistle

References

External links

Villages in Northumberland


Phrydiuchus tau is a species of true weevils known as the Mediterranean sage root weevil. It is used as an agent of biological pest control against noxious weed Mediterranean sage (Salvia aethiopis).

The adult weevil is dark gray to black and has a marking on its back that looks like a white letter T, or tau, hence its scientific name. The weevil is about 5 millimeters long. The female lays eggs at the base or on the underside of the leaf. The larva emerges in three to four weeks and burrows into the plant tissue. It tunnels all the way down to the root crown where it feeds and develops. The adult weevil does feed on the foliage, but most of the damage to the plant is done by the larva's feeding activity. Small plants can be killed by just the larval damage; larger plants may be stunted or unable to reproduce. The weevil favors Mediterranean sage, but it will also readily attack clary sage (Salvia sclarea), a similar but less troublesome weed in the area.

This weevil is native to southern Eurasia. It was first introduced to the United States for invasive sage biocontrol in 1971. It is now established in much of the western United States.

References

 Coombs, E. M., et al., Eds. (2004). Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 264.

External links
 CDFA: Invasive Sages

Ceutorhynchini
Insects used for control of invasive plants
Biological pest control beetles
Beetles described in 1969


Automate The Schools (ATS) is the school-based administrative system used by all New York City public schools since 1988.  It has many functions, including recording biographical data for all students, handling admissions, discharges, and transfers to other schools, and recording other student-specific data, such as exam scores, grade levels, attendance, and immunization records.  It also provides aggregate student and human resources data to school administrators.

Access to the ATS system is strictly limited to school system personnel; however, much of the non-personally identifiable information is available online at the New York City Department of Education website.

Technical details
The software was written in under six months using the Computer Corporation of America's Model 204 database management software.

References

External links
New York City Department of Education website
Galaxy budget allocations  for all public schools

Public education in New York City
New York City Department of Education
School-administration software


Levels of Knowing and Existence: Studies in General Semantics (Harper and Row 1959) is a textbook written by Professor Harry L. Weinberg that provides a broad overview of general semantics in language accessible to the layman.

Author

Harry L. Weinberg was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1913. He received his BS degree from the College of the City of New York in 1933 and his MS in chemistry from the University of Pennsylvania the following year. He worked for a period as a chemist and during the Second World War was engaged with the Merchant Marines. Weinberg's interest in general semantics was stirred by a seminar he attended in 1940 in Chicago presented by Alfred Korzybski and by Korzybski's seminal publication on the subject, Science and Sanity (1933), which Weinberg first read in 1940 and reread during his time with the Merchant Marines. His interest in the field prompted him in 1947 to enroll at Northwestern University for graduate work under Irving J. Lee. He received his master's degree from the university in 1948 and his PhD in 1953 in the field of speech.

In 1948 he began teaching at Temple University in Philadelphia as an instructor in Speech and General Semantics and continued to teach there as a professor until his death in 1968. A former student of his relates that "His classes in General Semantics on introductory and advanced levels were popular, and he became well known as an outstanding teacher." Although he wrote many papers on general semantics, his greatest academic contribution, in terms of depth and reach, is widely considered to be his book Levels of Knowing and Existence.

Subject matter

Levels of Knowing and Existence is concerned with the principle of general semantics and toward that end provides "invariable contextual insights into understanding Alfred Korzybski's Science and Sanity, discussing epistemological, ethical, aesthetic, etc., problems." Given the subject matter, the book's approach, structure, and language are remarkably straightforward and relatively easy to grasp without prior study in the field. This aspect of the book is even more pronounced when compared to Korzybski's Science and Sanity, which is invariably considered a very difficult book to understand. Furthermore, unlike Science and Sanity, Weinberg uses almost no mathematical formulas in his text. Notwithstanding these differences, the two books cover the same basic material and arrive at the same basic conclusions with regard to the central nervous system's abstraction process in general and the uses and limitations of language in particular. Some of those conclusions are summarized as follows:

Non-additivity: The whole is more than the sum of the parts. Under the Aristotelian concept of "additively", C contains only the characteristics present in "A or B"; whereas in reality "C" is a new structure with unique characteristics.
Non-identity: The Aristotelian concept of identity (i.e. A = A) is postulated to be an illusion, for no two events are identical and no event can ever be perfectly repeated, because each event takes place at a given time. Non-identity, coupled with Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle upends strict determinism: not only is everything incredibly complex, "Everything happens just once and verification requires duplication."(p. 115)
Consciousness of abstraction: Awareness of the abstracting process causes many perceived differences and problems to vanish. For example, color does not exist in and of itself but rather results from abstracting certain wavelengths upon our retina. Another somewhat related example offered in the book concerns the old quandary of whether a tree falling in the forest makes any sound if there is no one to hear. The answer lies in how "sound" is defined. If sound is the creation of sound waves, then yes a "sound" is made, for a recording device could detect them. If a sound, however, is defined as the reception of those waves upon an eardrum, then a “sound” is not made.
Time-binding theory: A comparison is established between Korzybski's "Time-binding" and Abraham Maslow's theory of hierarchical needs.
 In stepping beyond the usual ambit of textbooks on the subject, Levels of Knowing and Existence also elucidates how general semantics can be used to analyze and better understand other disciplines that seek to explain human life on their own terms. Notably the book includes sections analyzing religion, cybernetics, decision-making, and psychotherapy, among others. Of particular interest to many readers are the final sections of Chapter 9, which connect Korzybski's extensionalizing (factual evaluating) of the non-verbal levels with Zen Buddhism's satori. The book attempts to demonstrate that both systems result in a spiritual enlightenment attained by insight into the dynamic, non-symbolic reality.

Chapters

Chapter headings include:
 Introduction
 Some Basic Concepts
 Some Limitations of Language
 The Abstracting Process
 Some Consequences of Process Thinking
 Consciousness of Abstracting
 The Value of Values
 Semantitherapy
 Religion
 Structure and Function in Cybernetics and General Semantics

Reviews

The extant reviews of the text are primarily from proponents of general semantics and experts in the field and are invariably favorable. Those who object in general to the theories of general semantics usually focus their criticism on the founder Alfred Korzybski and his publications.

Robert P. Pula, the one-time Director Emeritus of the Institute of General Semantics, stated that he believed Levels of Knowing and Existence "may be the best 'middle level' text in general semantics." Pula has also remarked that Weinberg's book is to be commended for adhering to Korzybski's teachings while also "wedded to his [Weinberg's] sometimes startling ability to simply-clarify epistemological complexities that have been torturing over-verbalized Westerners for twenty-five hundred years."

References

External links

General semantics


KLER may refer to:

 KLER (AM), a radio station (1300 AM) licensed to Orofino, Idaho, United States
 KLER-FM, a radio station (95.1 FM) licensed to Orofino, Idaho, United States


Adrian Hanauer (born February 7, 1966) is an American businessman and majority owner of Seattle Sounders FC of Major League Soccer. He is also one of the minority owners of the Seattle Kraken of the National Hockey League, and a former minority owner of Reign FC, a team in the National Women's Soccer League now known as OL Reign.

Business history
Hanauer's family owned the Pacific Coast Feather Company, a down pillow, feather bed, and high-end bedding products manufacturer that was founded in 1884 in Germany, and is now headquartered in Seattle. While Hanauer never held an executive position within the company, he began working at the company at 13.

Hanauer founded Museum Quality Framing, which is a chain of custom frame stores in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho, in 1988. Hanauer used to own a chain of pizza stores called Mad Pizza. As an early investor in Amazon and aQuantive, an online based advertising company, Hanauer turned a substantial profit when the latter company went public in 2000 and again when Microsoft purchased the company in 2007.

He became the managing partner for the USL Seattle Sounders in 2002 and began reducing the financial losses the team was taking, $1 million per year for the five years proceeding Hanauer's taking over the team, and reduced the losses to $350,000 per year. The team also attained success on the field under Hanauer's leadership, going 23-4-1 in his first season, the second best record in USL history, and made it to the league championship game three times, winning it twice. Hanauer also began working on getting a Major League Soccer team in Seattle. The league passed over Seattle in 2004, choosing instead to expand to better prepared Salt Lake City. Hanauer invested $250,000 for a 15 percent stake in an English soccer team Cambridge United FC in May 2007.

Following the MLS All Star game in July 2007, Hanauer was introduced to Hollywood executive, director, and film producer Joe Roth by MLS commissioner Don Garber. The two men hit it off and over the next few weeks, Roth made several visits to Seattle to take in a few Sounders games and get to know Hanauer better. By November, the two had brought in Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen and comedian Drew Carey as investors and MLS had announced Seattle as the next expansion team.

In 2005, Hanauer founded business incubator and venture capital company Curious Office Partners.  The company invests in small internet startup companies and offers them office space in Pioneer Square and invests between US$10,000 and $250,000 in the startups. In 2018, he and his brother sold the Pacific Coast Feather Company.

Hanauer joined the ownership group of the Seattle Kraken, an expansion franchise in the National Hockey League, in 2018. He and his mother Lenore also acquired a minority stake in Reign FC of the National Women's Soccer League the following year. The stake was later acquired by OL Groupe in December 2019.

Personal life
Hanauer's interest in soccer began at the age of 3, he saw his first North American Soccer League Sounders game at the age of 8, and he was one of only two freshmen to make the soccer team for Mercer Island High School. While Hanauer did not make the team as a sophomore, he continued to play soccer, first on an intramural team while attending University of Washington and now on two teams in the Greater Seattle Soccer League.

References

Living people
1966 births
University of Washington alumni
Businesspeople from Seattle
Major League Soccer executives
OL Reign owners
Seattle Sounders FC
Mercer Island High School alumni


"Could You Be Loved" is a 1980 song by Jamaican reggae band Bob Marley and the Wailers. It was released as the first single from their twelfth and last album, Uprising (1980), and is also included on their greatest-hits album Legend (1984). It was written in 1979 on an aeroplane while The Wailers were experimenting on guitar. In the middle of the song, background singers quote a verse from Bob Marley's first single "Judge Not": "The road of life is rocky; And you may stumble too. So while you point your fingers, someone else is judging you". Instruments used on the original record of this song are guitars, bass, drums, acoustic piano, the Hohner clavinet and an organ, as well as the Brazilian cuíca. "Could You be Loved" was very successful on the charts in Europe, peaking within the top 10 in Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and the UK. Additionally, it was a top 20 hit in Sweden and West Germany.

Impact and legacy
American magazine Rolling Stone included "Could You Be Loved" at number 363 in their list of "500 Best Songs of All Time" in 2021.

Track listings
 7" single
"Could You Be Loved" – 3:35
"One Drop" – 3:50

 7" single
"Could You Be Loved" – 3:35
"No Woman, No Cry (Live '75)" – 3:57

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Joe Cocker version

British singer Joe Cocker covered "Could You Be Loved" on his 1997 album Across from Midnight. The single peaked at number one in Hungary.

Track listings
 CD single
"Could You Be Loved" (Single Version) – 4:35
"Could You Be Loved" (Radio Edit) – 4:18
"The Way Her Love Is" – 2:44

Charts

Cover versions
Marley's four eldest children Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers have performed the song numerous times during their tours. Their performance versions appear on the concert DVDs "Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers Live", "Marley Magic: Live in Central Park at Summerstage", "One Love: The Bob Marley All-Star Tribute", and their live album "Live Vol. 1".

References

1980 songs
1980 singles
1997 singles
Bob Marley songs
Island Records singles
Joe Cocker songs
Songs written by Bob Marley
Disco songs
Number-one singles in Hungary


Jack Daugherty may refer to:

 Jack Daugherty (baseball) (born 1960), Major League Baseball player for seven seasons
 Jack Daugherty (musician), musician and producer for The Carpenters

See also
John Dougherty (disambiguation)


KOZE or Koze may refer to:

 KOZE (AM), a radio station (950 AM) licensed to Lewiston, Idaho, United States
 KOZE-FM, a radio station (96.5 FM) licensed to Lewiston
 KLER (AM), a radio station (1300 AM) licensed to Lewiston, Idaho, which held the call sign KOZE from 1964 until the 1990s.
 DJ Koze, a German electronic music producer


Dutenhofen is the eastmost borough of the city of Wetzlar, Germany. It has approximately 3,100 residents (December 31, 2005).

Geography
The district lies in the Lahntal region just south of the Lahn. Nearby is the Dutenhofener See, a lake featuring a man-made beach, volleyball pit, trampolines, cafe, and bar. East of the district lies the OCULUS GmbH industrial park.

History
Dutenhofen was an independent municipality until January 1, 1976, when it became a suburb of the city of Lahn. On August 1, 1979, Dutenhofen became a borough of Wetzlar.

Sport
Dutenhofen is the home of the Handball-Club HSG Dutenhofen-Münchholzhausen, from Bundesligist HSG Wetzlar.

Transportation
Dutenhofen shares busline 11 with the surrounding cities, including Giessen. Directly north of this borough runs the Bundesstraße B49 (Gießen - Wetzlar - Koblenz - Trier). Parallel to the road runs the Deutsche Bahn-line called "Dillstrecke" (Gießen - Wetzlar - Siegen).

References

Wetzlar


KSRA may refer to:

 KSRA (AM), a radio station (960 AM) licensed to Salmon, Idaho, United States
 KSRA-FM, a radio station (92.7 FM) licensed to Salmon, Idaho, United States


a.k.a. Unbeatable Banzuke is a Japanese television program that aired weekly and was the premier sports entertainment variety show of the Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS). Its successors were  and . They were succeeded by Muscle Musical. Several seasonal specials were also made, such as Pro Sportsman No.1 and Sasuke.

Originally a late-night Friday broadcast, the television special was popular and started airing in prime time on October 14, 1995. It was broadcast every season and gained popularity as . Through various games reverting to the origins of sports, professional players and general participants challenged the limits of physical strength and technique, winning prizes if all targets were successfully destroyed.

Kane Kosugi's Shaolin Temple training and Akira Oomori's Muay Thai bouts were also documented in the broadcasts. The popularity of the displays of amazing physical strength and technique by professional players and luck of general participants drove TV Asahi to move its anime time slot up one hour and caused the cancellation of  on Fuji TV.

The use of the program's mascot, , originally only featured during the broadcast, expanded in 1996 into the program's opening sequence and every game's introduction. Simultaneously in 1999, a brandmark for the program, different from its logotype, was created: the English initials, "MR". However, as of 2000, only the mascot remained, and the "MR" brandmark vanished, having only appeared for that brief time.

History

Injuries and sudden cancellation
On May 5, 2002, two show participants injured their cervical vertebrae during the filming of an episode entitled "Chikarajima" ("Power Island"), an obstacle course with a temple-like setting stationed outside. The accidents occurred during the "rock attack" and "rock valley" obstacle portions.

In rock attack, contestants try to catch a giant ball that comes down a 15-degree slope, they must then push the ball back up the slope where a platform leads to the rock valley waterway. In rock valley, they try to walk on the ball, which weighs about 30 kg and has a diameter of 1.8 meters, across the aforementioned waterway 2.5 meters wide and 1.4 meters deep. Wei Tao, a 19-year-old Chinese freshman at Kyoto University, fell into the waterway during the rock valley obstacle. Takunori Isa, a 20-year-old junior at Tokai University, was knocked down when he tried to catch the ball in rock attack and was rolled over by the ball. It was later revealed that at least two other contestants suffered spinal injuries while participating on the show as well. College student Takahiro Saito, 19, was hospitalized after falling more than six feet into a four-foot-deep water-filled moat, while another contestant was hospitalized after trying to catch a 100-pound plastic ball, nearly six feet in diameter.

The May 5, 2002 episode would prove to be the final episode of Kinniku Banzuke. Show production was officially put on hiatus, and the show was effectively cancelled. The dormant space was filled with a special edition of Count Down TV, CDTV Gold, entitled . It was revived in 2008, and aired in first-run episodes on G4 and MYX TV in America and Challenge in the UK.

Broadcast time
Saturday at 19:00 JST (Except for TV Yamaguchi. At first, it was not broadcast on TV Kouchi either but started midway in April 2000. At that time, TV Kouchi had a time slot open on Kouchi Sun Sun TV when a Fuji TV drama was moved to a different slot, and thereafter, the network started broadcasting TV Asahi's programs at a different time. In addition, TV Yamaguchi was once a Fuji Network System affiliate and syndicated some Fuji TV programs.)

Hosts
 Ichirou Furutachi (1995–2002)
 Ryuuta Mine (1995–2002)
 Uno Kanda (first assistant from 1995-1997)
 Emiri Nakayama (second assistant from 1997-2002)
 Rome Kanda (as Kei Kato) replaced the original hosts for the G4 version (DutyFree TV/TV That's Plugged In)
 Brian Blessed (as 'Banzuke Brian') replaced the original hosts for the Challenge version
 Luis Crespo (as Host) replaced the original hosts for the Canal 300 version
 Maxim Galkin (as Host) replaced the original hosts for the Channel One version

Courses
Courses that are defeated are then recreated in an attempt to be made more difficult and thus "unbeatable". This is why there are different versions (I, II, III, IV, V) next to some names. Sometimes an obstacle is changed between attempts to conquer this game, so there are letters (A, B) next to the versions. This is most likely done because of the injuries caused by this obstacle. Some of these events have "break zones", where any competitor who reaches that point is allowed to take a 30-second break before they must continue on with the course.
 Amazing Road – Competitors must cross a 15-metre-long suspended beam while avoiding six turnstiles fitted with padded bars that can knock them off. This was the Final new event that aired in the US version.
 Athletic Love – Two people of a couple stand at either end of a bridge-like construct. They have 60 seconds to reach the center without falling off or using their hands. This challenge has had three victories. The third victory aired only in Japan.
 Bamboo Derby (On Ultimate Banzuke renamed: "Walking Tall") I, IIA, IIB, III – Obstacle course where competitors walk on stilts. Between IIA and IIB, Snow Mountain was the first mountain obstacle but due to its punishing difficulty, it was replaced by the easier Green Mountain. This challenge has had 2 victories. In the first Bamboo derby, a competitor cleared the event, but due to him skipping a stepping stone, he was disqualified.
 Banzai 90 – A six-person team has 90 seconds to launch one of their own onto each of four padded logs hanging several feet above the floor. When all four logs are taken, they must hold their position for 10 more seconds. The logs are of varying heights: Red – 11 ft 4 in, yellow – 10 ft 7 in, green – 10 ft 1 in, and blue – 9 ft 1 in. This challenge had 4 victories.
 Daruma 7 – A 'daruma' sits atop a stack of 7 blocks. Competitors use a sledgehammer to knock out each block from the bottom up without letting the 'daruma' (or any other section) fall off. This challenge has had 4 victories, 2 in a modified version below. One of these victories was Yakult Swallows superstar catcher Atsuya Furuta.
 Super Daruma – Modified version of Daruma 7 which has 9 blocks to knock out instead of 7.
 Daruma 7 Ace – Modified version of Daruma 7 which the blocks start out small and get larger. This version of the challenge has 2 victories. The 2nd victory was only aired in Japan.
 Extra Kendama – Competitors play with a life-size kendama. They have 60 seconds to swing the ball onto the large cup, then onto the small cup, and finally onto the central spike without dropping the kendama.
 Giant Ball – Obstacle course where competitors stay atop a 5-foot-wide ball without ever falling off or even straying from the course. If a 5-foot-wide ball gets stuck in pothole, contestants will need to escape within the 10-second limit.
 Hand Walk I, IIa, IIb, IIIA, IIIB, IV – Obstacle course where competitors walk on their hands. This course has a break zone. Between IIIA and IIIB, the Conveyor Belt was changed to Bamboo Bridge. As for IIa and IIb, the Rolling Hills were changed to the Hills and Stairs. This challenge has had 4 victories. The competitor that defeated Hand Walk III was aired only in Japan, but it remains unknown. The fourth version only aired in Japan.
 Kangaroo – Obstacle course where competitors use a pogo stick. This course has a break zone.
 Like a Pierrot I, II, III, IV, V, Ghost – Obstacle course where competitors ride a unicycle. This event has had 8 victories, the most of any challenge.
 Muscle Gym – Two competitors have to do as many sit-ups, back extensions, and push-ups as they can in 3 minutes. This challenge was played four times; by design, there was a victory each time it was played.
 Nakama – Two people run through an obstacle course while tethered together. They have 70 seconds to reach the end.
 Neko de Drive I, II, III – Obstacle course involving a man transporting a woman on a wheelbarrow that looks like a cat (a "neko (cat) cart"). The contestants have 60 seconds to complete the first four obstacles and reach the break zone. After that, the time is unlimited. This is the second course to undergo a numerical upgrade change without a victor. The second and third version only aired in Japan.
 Ottoto 9 – Obstacle course where competitors balance a metal pole on two fingers (hands in US Version). This obstacle is similar to Steady Voyage in Viking, The Ultimate Obstacle Course. Letting your pole fall or touch any metal obstacle results in failure. This course has a break zone. This challenge has had 1 victory.
 Quick Muscle – (On Ultimate Banzuke renamed: "Push Up Showdown") Two competitors have to do as many push-ups as they can in 3 minutes. The one who does more at the end of 3 minutes is declared the champion. Any time a competitor uses improper form, the penalty light goes on, deactivating that competitor's counter for 10 seconds. By design, there is a victory each time the challenge is played; all five wins were achieved by the same competitor. In one of them, a contender bit his lips hard enough to bleed, marking the first time to show blood in that show.
 Seesaw 60 – Two people stand atop a giant seesaw. They have 60 seconds to move a 10 kg barrel from one side to the other without letting either end of the seesaw touch the floor. A third person gets to call out advice to the other two people. This challenge has had 1 victory.
 Skateboarder I, II, – Obstacle course where competitors ride a skateboard. This course has a break zone, where competitors only have to take a short break. This challenge has had 1 victory. Second version was only aired in Japan.
 Spider Walk – Competitors must climb through a 79-meter-long set of parallel walls, using their arms and legs to move forward without touching the ground. This course would later become the inspiration for the "Spider Walk" and "Jumping Spider" obstacles in Sasuke. This challenge has had 2 victories.
 Sponge Bridge I, II, III – Competitors have to walk atop three rows of giant foam blocks, each harder than the last. This was based on the Takeshi's Castle game 'Dominoes', and has also been used as 'Domino Hill' in stage 3 of KUNOICHI. This course is the first to be updated to a new edition and advance numerically without being defeated first. This challenge has had 2 victories. Sponge Bridge III was the final event ever aired in the US Version.
 Super Helico I, II, – Obstacle course involving a radio-controlled helicopter. This course has a break zone to allow the copter's batteries to be replaced. Although the US showed 1 victory, there were multiple victories only aired in Japan. The second version was only aired in Japan.
 Super Rider I, II, III, IV, V – Obstacle course where competitors ride a bicycle (mountain bike trials). This challenge has had 6 victories. Two more courses were made and filmed, but never aired except in Japan (there are clips from the competition in the international versions). Keigo Arizono's Super Rider III victory was the final victory aired in the US Version.
 Strong Mama – A course designed specifically for women. They have 60 seconds to clear the first five obstacles. After that, time is unlimited.
 Trampoline – Competitors must bounce off of trampolines onto stacks of foam blocks. This competition has three stages, and all competitors who complete the first stage are held until all competitors attempt the stage. Afterwards, all successful competitors attempt the second stage in the same manner.
 Untouchable – Four contestants face off, two at a time, 1-on-1 in a caged wrestling competition, with 3 batons each strapped to their bodies, on their back and each leg. The competitors must remove 2 out of 3 batons off of the other to win a match. After a baton is removed, competition ceases temporarily as the baton is placed in a box. The first person to win 2 matches is placed on the Banzuke. This challenge has had 1 victory.

"Struck Out", "Kick Target", etc. – The contest for the 2 million yen prize consisted of many games that formed the "2 Million Yen Dream Plan".

The Banzuke (The List of Champions) (Grouped by Course)

Athletic Love — Atsushi & Michiko Hirata - 49s, Naomi & Tatsuya Gunzi - 59s
Bamboo Derby I — Hiroshi Kobayashi - 1:11
Bamboo Derby II — Hiroshi Takahashi - 1:01
Banzai 90 — Acrobatics Team - 45.79s left, Arm Wrestling Team - 36.53s left, Break Monkeys and Cheerleaders - 20.66s left, Nippon Sports Science University - 11.59s left
Daruma 7 — Atsuya Furuta, Yoichi Fukaya, Yoshimitsu Nishiumi
Daruma 7 Ace -- Kazunori Harayama
Hand Walk I — Aizu Nie - 2:11, Yukio Iketani - 54s
Hand Walk II — Yuki Takahashi - 1:15,
Like a Pierrot I — Fuyuki Tsuchiya - 1:45, Yuichi Ono - 1:18
Like a Pierrot II — Natsuki Hata - 50s, Daiki Izumida - 47s, Yuichiro Kato - 30s
Like a Pierrot III — Yuichiro Kato - 3:03
Like a Pierrot IV — Yoshiaki Handa - 2:41
Like a Pierrot V — Yoshiaki Handa - 2:21
Muscle Gym — Jaguar Yokota - 126, Jimon Terakado - 159, Yasuei Yakushiji - 141, Shigeyuki Nakamura - 124
Neko de Drive III — Toyohisa Ijima & Miho Nishimura, Gori & Rikako Murayama
Ottoto 9 — Tomoteru Fukuda - 4:52
Quick Muscle — Kohei Asano (5 times)
Seesaw 60 — Hiroyasu Matsukawa, Mitsuyoshi Tanaka, & Yuji Iwana Boxing team - 11s left
Skeboarder — Kentaro Tanaka - 2:02
Spider Walk — Shinobu Sekiya - 1:06, Kiyohara Yagi - 1:00
Sponge Bridge — Makoto Tsuji - 31s, Shuichi Shirotori - 19s
Super Helico — Yuji Kamiya - 4:31
Super Rider I — Isamu Hasenaka - 1:30
Super Rider II — Jaromír Spěšný - 4:18
Super Rider III — Keigo Arizono - 4:06
Super Rider IV — Ot Pi Isern - 4:41
Super Rider V — Keigo Arizono
Untouchable — Yasutoshi Kujirai

Courses' obstacles
Amazing Road -
 First Turnstiles
 Second Turnstiles
 Third Turnstiles

Banzai 90 - 4 Sandbags suspended in air
Banzai 90 "2" - 4 Sandbags suspended in air
 Green and Yellow bags on a Seesaw
 Red log swings back and Forth
 Blue log bounces up and down
 Daruma 7 -
 7 blocks
 Super Daruma -
 9 blocks
 Daruma 7 Ace -
 7 blocks smallest at the bottom, getting larger at the top. The final block is the same original size.
 Extra Kendama -
 Large Cup
 Small Cup
 The Spike
 Giant Ball -
 Downward Slope
 Pothole Zone
 Sloping Right Turn
 Uphill Slope
 Final Bridge

 Kangaroo -
 The Steps
 Zig-Zag Path
 Mushrooms
 Bushes
 Narrow Bridge
BREAK ZONE
 Checkerboard
 Falling Stones
 Neon Grid
 Broken Bridge
 Muscle Gym
 Sit-Ups
 Back Lifts
 Push-Ups
 Neko De Drive
 Banana Turn
 Watermelon Ramp
 Donut Loop
 Mouse Trap
BREAK ZONE
 Book Steps
 Broken Piano
 Slanted Path
 Zig-Zag Wall
 Fish Ribs
 Nakama
 Twin Balance Bridge
 Bob & Weave
 Wiggle Bridge
 Rolling Poles
 Triple Step
 Curved Mountain
 Curved Valley
 Curved Jump
 Monkey Bars
 Ottoto 9
 Right Hand Curve
 The Stairs
 Crossbars
 Cross Hammers
 Narrowing Stairs
 Narrow Bridge
BREAK ZONE
 Propeller
 Five Valleys
 S-Curve

 Super Helico
 Slalom
 Tower
 Debris Tunnels
 Cage
 Cave
BREAK ZONE
 Fans
 Crazy Eight
 Slider
 Landing Pad
 Spider Walk
 The Straightaway
 Widening Corridor
 90° Turn
 Ascending Corridor
 Descending Corridor
 Crossbar
 S-Curve
 Skeboarder
 Ollie Step
 Rampage
 Tube
 Handrail
BREAK ZONE
 Narrow Slopes
 Stairs
 Double Halfpipe
 Big Canyon
 Jump Ramp
 Sponge Bridge
 Green Zone
 Yellow Zone
 Red Zone
 Sponge Bridge 2
 Green Zone
 Yellow Zone
 Red Zone
 Sponge Bridge 3
 Green Zone
 Yellow Zone
 Red Zone

Broadcast

United States
This show can be seen on America's G4 network, under the name Unbeatable Banzuke with Rome Kanda from I Survived a Japanese Game Show (aka Kei Kato) as the host. It airs in half-hour episodes, two or three games per episode, in its original Japanese language and partial original broadcast also with English subtitles. The player profiles, rules, and replays, however, are narrated by voice actor Dave Wittenberg, who also narrates Ninja Warrior. Upon the network's relaunch, the preview segment before the opening sequence has been removed.

Canada
Same as the American version. It is presented on the Canadian version of G4 called G4 Canada.

Czech Republic
Under the title "Bezkonkurenční Banzuke". Just like in Hungary, the show commenced broadcast in Czech Republic on November 27, 2010, until 2013 on Animax, but the show was completely dubbed to Czech.

Australia
The Australian version is presented on SBS Two. It is currently broadcast every weekday at 6 p.m., and has been since the relaunch of SBS2. Previously, it was not shown very often but was still broadcast every now and again.

Ukraine
In Ukraine Kinniku Banzuke is named "Базука" (pronounced as "Bazooka") and broadcast by the Mega channel.

United Kingdom
Under the title Unbeatable Banzuke, the show commenced transmission in the UK on October 6, 2008, on Challenge. It is similar to the US broadcast in length, language and partial original broadcast, but unlike the American version has no subtitles. Brian Blessed is the host and voice-over as costumed character Banzuke Brian (who is meant to be the creator of the challenges) over the whole show, including replays, profiles and course attempts. The show also reran on Channel One until its closure in 2011.

Finland
In Finland the show is called Banzuke and it is broadcast on Jim. The show airs on Friday and Saturday nights at 11 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is same as the American, but with Finnish subtitles.

Hungary
Under the title Verhetetlen Banzuke, the show commenced broadcast in Hungary on November 27, 2010, on Animax. The show is completely dubbed to Hungarian.

Estonia
In Estonia the show is called Lyömättömään Banzuke and it is broadcast on TV3. The show airs on Weeknights at 9 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Estonian.

Lithuania
In Lithuania the show is called Nenugalimas Banzukė and it is broadcast on TV6. The show airs weekdays at 2 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Lithuanian.

Sweden
In Sweden the show is called Oslagbar Banzuke and it is broadcast on TV4. The show airs on weekdays at 1 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Swedish.

France
In France the show is called Imbattable Banzuke and it is broadcast on TF1. The show airs on weekdays at 9 am with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the Australian version, but with French.

Spain
In Spain the show is called Unbeatable Banzuke and is broadcast by La Siete (owned by Telecinco). The host is the same as in the USA version. The show is completely dubbed into Spanish.

South Africa
Broadcast as Unbeatable Banzuke on Animax (as of 2010 at least). Since broadcast on Sony Max under the same name.

Portugal
In Portugal the show is called Todos ao Molho and it was first broadcast on SIC K and later on SIC Radical. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Portuguese commentary.

Bosnia and Herzegovina
In Bosnia and Herzegovina Kinniku Banzuke is named Nepobjedive banzuke and broadcast on Program plus (Alternativna TV and Hayat TV).

Germany
In Germany the show is called Unschlagbare Banzuke and it is broadcast on RTL II. The show airs on Weeknights at 7 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with German.

Italy
In Italy the show can be seen on GXT. The show airs weekdays at 5 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Italian.

Netherlands
In the Netherlands the show is called Onklopbare Banzuke and it is broadcast on RTL 4. The show airs weekdays at 12:30 pm with three episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Dutch.

Serbia
Broadcast by B92 after the end of Ninja Warrior. Voiced-over by voicers from Ninja Warrior.

Russia
In Russia the show is called Непобедимый Банзуке and it is broadcast on Channel One with host Maxim Galkin. The show airs on Weeknights at 10 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Russian.

Croatia
In Croatia the show is called Nepobjediv Banzuke and it is broadcast on RTL Televizija. The show airs on weekdays at 12 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is the same as the other international versions, but with Croatian.

India
In India Kinniku Banzuke is named Unbeatable Banzuke and broadcast on Pogo TV.

Venezuela
In Venezuela the show is called Inmejorable Banzuke and it is broadcast on Venevisión. The show airs Friday and Saturday nights at 7 pm with two episodes sequentially. The version is same as the American, but with Spanish subtitles.

Malaysia
In Malaysia, Kinniku Banzuke is named Unbeatable Banzuke and broadcast on TV3, starting 5 June 2011 every Sunday.

Episodes G4

* If the letters are gold, that means the challenge was defeated.

Spinoffs
In the UK, Channel 5 made their own version of this show called Under Pressure. It featured many similar events, namely Hand Walk, Super Rider, Neko de Drive and Sponge Bridge.
Games like Kick Target were separate segments normally attempted by athletes at various training facilities.
For pictures of this version, check: UKgameshows

In Germany, Sat.1 made their own version of the show called Champions Day. It was similar in style to Under Pressure and again featured many similar events. It lasted four episodes.
For pictures of this version, check: Here

Worldwide
Unbeatable Banzuke is also broadcast in other countries around the world:

See also
Kunoichi (Women's version of Sasuke)
Sasuke (Known in America as Ninja Warrior)
Viking: The Ultimate Obstacle Course

Notes

External links
SASUKE - Unbeatable Banzuke Fansite with challenge info, episode guide and videos

1990s Japanese television series
2000s Japanese television series
1995 Japanese television series debuts
2002 Japanese television series endings
TBS Television (Japan) original programming
G4 (American TV network) original programming
Japanese game shows
Obstacle racing television game shows


"Shut Up, Make Love" is a song by American rock band Poison. Released in 2000, it was the first single presented to radio stations from their 2000 album, Crack a Smile...and More!.

Release
The song also appears on the second promo single "Be the One" as a B-side. The song was the first Poison single with lead guitarist Blues Saraceno.

Track listing
 Shut Up, Make Love - Rock Radio Edit 3:17
 Shut Up, Make Love - Lip Smackin' Rap-A-Tappin' 3:53
 Shut Up, Make Love - Call Out Edit 0:11

References

2000 singles
Poison (American band) songs
1995 songs
Songs written by Bret Michaels
Capitol Records singles
Songs written by Rikki Rockett
Songs written by Bobby Dall


WDDD may refer to:

 WDDD-FM, a radio station (107.3 FM) licensed to Johnston City, Illinois, United States
 WDDD (AM), a defunct radio station (810 AM) formerly licensed to Johnston City, Illinois, United States


WDLM (960 AM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to East Moline, Illinois and serving the Quad Cities area with a Christian radio format.  The station broadcasts at a power of 520 watts during daylight hours and 20 watts during nighttime hours.  WDLM-AM's studio and transmitter are located on E200th Street in rural Henry County, Illinois just outside Coal Valley.  Sister station WDLM-FM 89.3 also has its studio at this location.  Both WDLM-AM and WDLM-FM are O&O's of their parent network, the Moody Radio Network, which is owned by the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. In 2019, Moody announced it intends to sell the station.

According to the frequencies shown on http://www.moodyradioqc.fm/, AM 960 kHz carries Spanish programming.

References

External links
 WDLM Official Website

Radio stations in the Quad Cities
Moody Radio
DLM
Radio stations established in 1960
1960 establishments in Illinois


In the United States, life imprisonment is amongst the most severe punishments provided by law, depending on the state, and second only to the death penalty. According to a 2013 study, 1 of every 20,000 inhabitants of the U.S. were imprisoned for life . Many U.S. states can release a convict on parole after a decade or more has passed, but in California, people sentenced to life imprisonment can normally apply for parole after seven years. Florida leads the country with nearly one quarter of its LWOP prisoners, more than California, New York and Texas combined.
The laws in the United States categorize life sentences as "determinate life sentences" or "indeterminate life sentences," the latter indicating the possibility of an abridged sentence, usually through the process of parole. For example, sentences of "15 years to life," "25 years to life," or "life with mercy" are called "indeterminate life sentences", while a sentence of "life without the possibility of parole" or "life with no mercy" is called a "determinate life sentence" (indicating very low chance of release). The potential for parole is not assured but discretionary, making it an indeterminate sentence. Even if a sentence explicitly denies the possibility of parole, government officials may have the power to grant an amnesty to reprieve, or to commute a sentence to time served.

History
In the 1860s, reformation became favored over penitence in American penology, with the role of prisons seen as reforming prisoners, who were imprisoned until reform was achieved.  The concepts of parole and indeterminate sentencing were regarded as forward-looking in the 1870s. The initial concept of parole came from the idea that prisoners began their path to rehabilitation during their sentence, and their successful rehabilitation could be recognizable by a parole board. The importance was placed on eradicating crime and having prisoners deemed ready to enter society as soon as possible. However, the ideals were not as successful as had been hoped.  Crime was not eradicated, reformatories had the same problems as prisons on politicization and underfunding, and indeterminate sentencing became undermined by prisoners, who quickly found that it was possible to "beat the system" by pretense to get a better chance of winning parole.  Many were soon back in custody.  Similarly, prison authorities could twist it to their advantage by using those granted parole or probation to spy on and actively help to imprison other people, or sometimes by selectively denying parole.  However, the biggest cause of the reformatories' failure to live up to expectations was that despite the enthusiasm of reformers and Zebulon Brockway's call for an end to vengeance in criminal justice, those within the prison environment, both inmates and guards alike, continued to conceive of prison as a place of retribution.

Schick's case and life imprisonment without parole
In 1954 (November 28), Master Sergeant Maurice L. Schick was convicted by military court-martial of the murder of nine-year-old Susan Rothschild at Camp Zama in Japan (Tokyo). The soldier admitted the killing stating he had a sudden "uncontrollable urge to kill something quickly and quietly” and had chosen his victim "just because she was there."

Schick was sentenced to death. Six years later, the case was forwarded to President Dwight Eisenhower for final review. He exercised his right of executive clemency to commute Schick's death sentence to confinement with hard labor for the term of his natural life, with the express condition that he "shall never have any rights, privileges, claims or benefits arising under the parole and suspension or remission of sentence laws of the United States."

In 1971, Schick began a legal challenge against his whole life sentence. The appeal eventually reached the U.S. Supreme Court in 1974. It examined the constitutional basis of the punishment: life imprisonment without parole. Had Schick been given an ordinary life sentence, he would have been eligible for parole in 1969.

Although Schick's sentence was given only cursory mention, the court concluded a whole life sentence was constitutional. Schick, together with only five other federal prisoners who were still ineligible for parole at the time, was made eligible for parole by a separate pardon from President Gerald Ford in 1976 or 1977, and he may have died a free man in Palm Beach, Florida, in 2004.

Despite the Schick opinion's lack of thorough analysis on life imprisonment without a chance of parole, an imposing amount of precedent has developed based upon it. After Furman v. Georgia, the constitutionality of life imprisonment without parole as an alternative to the death penalty received increased attention from lawmakers and judges.

Such penalties predate Schick. One early American case was Ex parte Wells (1856); Wells was convicted of murder in 1851 and sentenced to be hanged. On the day of his execution, President Millard Fillmore gave him a conditional pardon commuting his sentence to "imprisonment for life in the penitentiary at Washington." Wells appealed the conditions of his pardon, but the sentence was upheld with no discussion by the majority of the purpose of the substituted punishment.

Minors

A few countries worldwide have allowed for minors to be given lifetime sentences that have no provision for eventual release. Countries that allow life imprisonment without a possibility of parole for juveniles include Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, Dominica, Israel, Nigeria, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and the United States. Of these, only the U.S. currently has minors serving such sentences. The University of San Francisco School of Law's Center for Law & Global Justice conducted international research on the use of the sentence of life without parole for juveniles, and has found no cases outside the U.S. in which the sentence is actually imposed on juveniles. As of 2009, Human Rights Watch has calculated that there are 2,589 youth offenders serving life without parole in the U.S.

In the U.S, juvenile offenders started to get life without parole sentences more frequently in the 1990s due to John J. DiIulio Jr's. Teenage Superpredator Theory.

In 2010, in the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that sentencing minors to automatic sentences of life without a chance of parole for crimes other than those involving a homicide (generally, first-degree murder, and usually with aggravating factors or accompanying felonies) violated the Eighth Amendment's ban on "cruel and unusual punishments", in the case of Graham v. Florida. In finding that the U.S. Constitution prohibits as cruel and unusual punishment a life without parole sentence for a juvenile in a non-homicide case, the U.S. Supreme Court stated that "the overwhelming weight of international opinion against" juvenile life without a chance of parole "provide[s] respected and significant confirmation for our own conclusions". In 2012, in the Case of Miller v. Alabama, the Court considered whether to ban the automatic use of it completely as a sentence for minors. The Court had already judged the death penalty unconstitutional for minors in 2005. In June 2012, the Court ruled that it could never be automatically used as a sentence for a minor (under 18), although the Court left room for it as a sentence that can eventually be given (for now) in certain first-degree murder cases once the judge has taken mitigating circumstances and other factors into account.
The U.S. practice of sentencing juveniles to life imprisonment without a possibility of parole violates international standards of justice, as well as treaties to which the U.S. is a party. Each state must ensure that its criminal punishments comply with the United States' international treaty obligations:
 The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the oversight Committee instructed the U.S. to: "ensure that no such child offender is sentenced to life without parole [and] adopt all appropriate measures to review the situation of persons already serving such sentences".
 The United Nations Convention Against Torture; the oversight Committee warned the U.S. that juvenile life sentences without a possibility of parole could constitute "cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment" for youth.
 The oversight body of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination found that juvenile life without a chance of parole is applied disproportionately to black minors, and the U.S. has done nothing to reduce what has become pervasive discrimination. The Committee recommended that the U.S. discontinue the use of this sentence against persons under the age of eighteen at the time the offense was committed, and review the situation of persons already serving such sentences and in 2016, in the case of Montgomery v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court ruled that Miller v. Alabama was to be applied retroactively to offenders convicted before 2012.

The United Nations General Assembly has called upon governments to: "abolish by law, as soon as possible...life imprisonment without possibility of release for those below the age of 18 years at the time of the commission of the offense".

International standards of justice hold that a juvenile life imprisonment without a possibility of parole is not warranted under any circumstances because juvenile offenders lack the experience, education, intelligence and mental development of adults and must be given a reasonable opportunity to obtain release based on demonstrated maturity and rehabilitation.

By May 2023, 28 states and the District of Columbia have completely banned life without parole sentences for all juvenile offenders while five states have not banned the sentence but do not have any juvenile offenders serving life without parole.

Use
Although sentences vary for each state, life imprisonment is generally mandatory for first-degree murder, particularly if it is done during the commission of another felony (the felony murder rule), or there are other aggravating circumstances present (such as rapes before such murders or for murder of any law enforcement official or other public servant) in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, including states without the death penalty, and as one or the only alternative sentence in states that have the death penalty and in federal and military courts. Life imprisonment is also a mandatory punishment in Idaho for aircraft hijacking, in New York State for terrorism, in Florida for capital sexual battery (sexual abuse of a child under 12 that causes injury to the child) and in Georgia for a second conviction for armed robbery, kidnapping, or rape and other serious violent felonies under Georgia's seven-deadly-sins law.  Life imprisonment is a possibility for aggravated mayhem and torture in California. Life imprisonment is mandatory for kidnapping in Nebraska. Other specifics about life sentences in the United States continue to vary widely by individual states.

In addition, the sentence of life imprisonment may also be given for "drug kingpins" and "habitual criminals." It has been applied in every state except Alaska, as well as in the federal courts. In Alaska, the maximum term of imprisonment is for 99 years, but that is almost always considered to be a practical life sentence as a sentence of 99 years' imprisonment, especially without parole, generally lasts beyond a normal lifespan.

Statistics
Over 200,000 people, or about 1 in 7 prisoners in the United States, were serving life or virtual life sentences in 2019. Over 50,000 are serving life without a chance of parole. In 1993, the Times survey found, about 20 percent of all lifers had no chance of parole. By 2004, that had risen to 28 percent.

As a result, the U.S. is now housing by far the world's largest and most permanent population of prisoners who are guaranteed to die behind bars. At the Louisiana State Penitentiary, for instance, more than 3,000 of the 5,100 prisoners are serving life with a chance of parole, and most of the remaining 2,100 are serving sentences so long that they cannot be completed in a typical lifetime. About 150 inmates have died there in the time period between the years of 2000 and 2005. The United States holds 40% of the world's prisoners with life sentences, more than in any other country.

Parole and nonviolent offenses
Under the federal criminal code, however, with respect to offenses committed after December 1, 1987, parole has been abolished for all sentences handed down by the federal system, including life sentences. A life sentence from a federal court will therefore result in imprisonment for the life of the defendant unless a pardon or reprieve is granted by the President, if, upon appeal, the conviction is quashed, or compassionate release is granted.

In the states of Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Pennsylvania, Nebraska and South Dakota, all life sentences are issued without the possibility of parole.

Over 3,200 people nationwide are serving life terms without a chance of parole for nonviolent offenses. Of those prisoners, 80 percent are behind bars for drug-related convictions: 65 percent are African-American, 18 percent are Latino, and 16 percent are white. The ACLU has called the statistics proof of "extreme racial disparities." Some of the crimes that led to life sentences include stealing gas from a truck and shoplifting but only for those with a pattern of habitual criminal offenses. A large number of those imprisoned for life had no prior criminal history but were given the sentence because of the aggravated nature of their crimes.

Three-strikes law

Under some controversial sentencing guidelines known as "three-strikes laws," existing both at state and federal level, a person who is convicted of an offense and who has one or two other previous serious convictions is to serve a mandatory or discretionary life sentence in prison, with or without parole depending on the jurisdiction. Notably, a broad range of crimes ranging from petty theft to murder could serve as the trigger for a mandatory or discretionary life sentence in California from 1994 to 2012. Notably, the U.S. Supreme Court has on several occasions upheld lengthy sentences for petty theft including life with the possibility of parole and 50 years to life and stated that neither sentence conflicted with the ban on "cruel and unusual punishment" in the Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. These court decisions have been the subject of considerable controversy.

Debates
Increased use of the life imprisonment sentence, especially life without parole, came in response to debates on capital punishment. In fact, many politicians, especially in the Democratic Party, expressed their emphasis on replacing the death penalty with life without parole. Additionally, seeking the death penalty is more costly to the state and taxpayer than seeking life without parole.

A common argument against life without parole is that it is equally as immoral as the death penalty, as it still sentences one to die in prison. Certain organizations and campaigns have been founded with a goal to work against life imprisonment and improve the rate of release. For example, the #DropLWOP campaign is dedicated to dropping the life without parole sentence and providing an automatic commutation and chance to see a parole board for all prisoners serving life sentences.

Notable examples

 Robert Bales - Soldier convicted of murdering 16 civilians in Afghanistan.
 Robert Berdella - A serial killer who kidnapped, raped, tortured, and murdered at least six men.
 John Gotti – Boss of the New York City Gambino crime family. Died in the prison hospital at MCFP Springfield on June 10, 2002
 Aaron Hernandez – Former NFL Player for the New England Patriots who was found guilty of first-degree murder. Died by suicide on April 19, 2017.
 James Holmes – Perpetrator of the 2012 Aurora, Colorado shooting.
 Lawrence Horn – Former record producer who contracted the killing of his ex-wife, his disabled son, and the son's nurse in an attempt to gain control of his son's $1.7 million trust fund.
 Ted Kaczynski – The Unabomber, whose homemade bombs killed 3 people and injured 23 others. Died of suicide on June 10, 2023.
 Samuel Little - A serial killer who murdered 50 women across several states.
 Terry Nichols – Main accomplice to Timothy McVeigh in the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995.
 Gary Ridgway – A serial killer who murdered 49 women in and around Seattle.
 Lawrence Rivera – Captured after a 9-year international manhunt and convicted for the murder of Kristina Garcia
 Eric Rudolph – 1996 Olympic bomber, who killed 4 and injured 111 others.
 Faisal Shahzad – The Times Square Bomber, who attempted to detonate a car bomb in Times Square.
 Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab – The "Underwear Bomber", explosives hidden in his underwear while on a flight.
 Ross Ulbricht – Creator and operator of Silk Road, an online black market; convicted of money laundering, computer hacking, and conspiracy to traffic narcotics.
 Ramzi Yousef – Member of Al-Qaeda, who blew up the World Trade Center in 1993.
 Warren Jeffs – Leader of the FLDS and convicted pedophile, who married child brides, raped two girls, and called himself Immanuel while he practiced polygamy.
 Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán – Disposed leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, who broke out of two Mexican jails and went on the run for over a decade until he was caught in 2016 during Operation Black Swan.
 Robert Hanssen - Former FBI agent, who sold state secrets to the KGB, and The Kremlin. Died in his cell at Supermax in Florence, Colorado on June 5, 2023.
 Mark David Chapman - A killer who murdered John Lennon.
 Richard Reid – The Shoe Bomber, threatened to blow up an airliner by placing C4 explosives in his shoes.
 Nikolas Cruz, the 19-year-old convicted murderer who received 34 life terms for a school shooting that killed 17 people and injured another 17.
 Wadih el-Hage – Member of Al-Qaeda, who blew up the US Embassies in Africa and for being Bin Laden's secretary.
 Yolanda Saldívar, who was convicted of murdering Tejano singer Selena on March 31, 1995.
 Jesse Webster, who was sentenced life without parole for nonviolent offenses.

Minors
 Alex Baranyi and David Anderson - Murdered four people in one day.
 Scott Dyleski - Murderer of Daniel Horowitz wife Pamela Vitale.
 Rod Ferrell - Cult leader and convicted of murder of two people he committed at age 16.
 Bryan and David Freeman - Murdered their parents and younger brother.
 Terrance Graham - Convicted of a parole violation he committed at age 17.
 Brett Jones - Convicted of the murder of his grandfather committed at age 15.
 Alec Devon Kreider - Murdered his high school friend and his friend's parents.
 Warren Harris - A serial killer who murdered four men in New Orleans' French Quarter from February to April 1977.
 Joe Ligon - Convicted of participating in a stabbing spree at age 15 that resulted in one person being killed.
 Nicholas Lindsey - Murderer of a police officer.
 Lee Boyd Malvo - A serial killer convicted in connection with the Beltway sniper attacks in the Washington Metropolitan Area over a three-week period in October 2002.
 Evan Miller - Convicted of a murder committed at age 14 which resulted in end to automatic life without parole sentences for juveniles.
 Henry Montgomery - Convicted of a murder committed at age 17 which eventually resulted in the end to automatic life without parole sentences for juveniles retroactively.
 Josh Phillips - Convicted of the murder of 8-year-old Maddie Clifton which he committed at age 14.
 Courtney Schulhoff - Murdered her father at age 16.
 Christopher Simmons - Convicted of a murder  committed at age 17 which resulted in end to Capital punishment for juveniles.
 Lionel Tate - Convicted of the murder of 6-year-old Tiffany Eunick which he committed at age 12, making him the youngest person in U.S. history to be sentenced to life without parole.

See also
Whole life tariff, a determinate life sentence sometimes handed down under English criminal law
Black site

References

United States
United States sentencing law
Imprisonment and detention in the United States


WDQN may refer to:

 WDQN (AM), a radio station (1580 AM) licensed to Du Quoin, Illinois, United States
 WDQN-FM, a radio station (95.9 FM) licensed to Du Quoin, Illinois, United States


Louis-Emmanuel Jadin (21 September 1768 – 11 April 1853) was a French composer, pianist and harpsichordist.

Jadin was born in Versailles.  He learned piano from his brother Hyacinthe Jadin and later worked at the Théâtre de Monsieur. His first opera was staged in Versailles in 1788. The following year he took the position of second keyboardist at the Théâtre de Monsieur. In 1792 he became a musician in the National Guard. In 1802 he acted as a professor of music and in 1806 was director of the Théâtre Molière. He later won fame as a pianist and taught at the Paris Conservatory. He was made Chevalier of the Légion d’honneur in 1824. Many of his works were published in Paris, where he died. The playwright and chansonnier Adolphe Jadin was his son.

Selected works

Operas

1788 Guerre ouverte ou Ruse contre ruse 3 Acts
1790 Constance et Gernand 1 Act
1790 Joconde after Jean de La Fontaine 3 Acts
1790 La religieuse danoise ou La communauté de Copenhague 3 Acts (also called Le Duce de Waldeza)
1791 La vengeance du bailli ou La suite d'Annette et Lubin 2 Acts
1791 L'heureux stratagème 2 Acts
1792 Amélie de Monfort 3 Acts
1792 L'avare puni 1 Act
1793 Les talismans 3 Acts
1793 Le coin de feu 1 Act
1793 Le siège de Thionville 2 Acts
1794 Le congrès des rois 3 Acts (a collaboration by 12 composers)
1794 Alisbelle ou Les crimes de la féodalité 3 Acts
1794 L'apothéose du jeune Barra 1 Act
1794 Agricol Viala ou Le jeune héros de la durance 1 Act
1794 L'ecolier en vacances 1 Act
1795 Le cabaleur 1 Act
1795 Le lendemain de noces 1 Act
1795 Loizerolles ou L'héroïsme paternel 1 Act
1796 Le mariage de la veille 1 Act
1796 Mélusine et Gerval (Méline et Ferval)
1796 Le négociant de Boston 1 Act
1796 Les deux Lettres 1 Act
1796 Le défi hasardeux 2 Acts
1797 Les bons voisins 1 Act
1798 Candos ou Les sauvages du Canada 3 Acts
1798 La paix ou Le triomphe de l'humanité
1803 Mahomet II 3 Acts
1804 Jean Bart et Patoulet 1 Act
1804 Mon cousin de Paris 1 Act
1804 La grand-mère 2 Acts
1805 Les trois prétendus 1 Act
1805 Le grand-père ou Les deux ages 1 Act
1805 Charles Coypel ou La vengeance d'un peintre 1 Act
1806 Les deux aveugles de Tolède 1 Act
1807 Les arts et l'amitié
1810 La partie de campagne 1 Act
1812 L'auteur malgré lui ou La pièce tombée 1 Act
1816 L'inconnu ou Le coup d'épée viager 3 Acts
1817 La gueule du lion ou La mère esclave 3 Acts
1822 Fanfan et Colas ou Les frères de lait 1 Act
Jean et Geneviève (unperformed)

Orchestral
Fantaisie concertante in g for Harp, Piano, and Orchestra
 Allegro risoluto
 Adagio
 Allegro moderato
4th Piano concerto in D minor (1810)
Allegro maestoso
Siciliano. Larghetto
Finale. Chasse
Symphonie concertante for Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Orchestra (1803)

Concert Band
Marche en F (1794)
Ouverture en C (1794)
Pas de manoeuvre en F (1794)
Symphonie en F (1794)
Suites d’harmonies militaires

Mass
Requiem for 3 solo voices, 3 trombones, and double-bass

Chamber music
Sonate en ré Majeur for harpsichord with flute obligéeSonate en sol majeur opus X n° 3 for harpsichord or piano-forte, flute, and bassSonate en sol majeur opus XIII n° 1 for piano-forte, flûte et basseSonate en sol majeur for harpsichord or piano-forte with flute accompagnement 4 Arien for Horn and HarpDuo for Harp and PianoTrois grands quatuors for two violons, alto, and violoncelleMedia

References

Fend/Noiray, "Louis-Emmanuel Jadin". The New Grove Dictionary of Opera'' online.

External links

1768 births
1853 deaths
French male classical composers
French opera composers
Male opera composers
French Classical-period composers
French harpsichordists
French conductors (music)
French male conductors (music)
French music educators
Musicians from Versailles
Academic staff of the Conservatoire de Paris
Knights of the Legion of Honour
18th-century keyboardists
19th-century French male musicians


The Revolution: A Manifesto is a New York Times #1 best seller by Republican former U.S. Congressman Ron Paul. The work was published on April 30, 2008 by Grand Central Publishing. According to Paul, the book is based on written notes during his 2008 presidential campaign.

Reception
Upon release, the book moved to the top of several bestseller lists. It was one of Amazon's Top 10 best sellers, its #1 seller of all political books, and became its #1 seller among all categories. Revolution debuted at #7 on the New York Times nonfiction bestseller list and at #2 on its list of bestselling political books for the period of April 12 to May 3, 2008; some bookstores reported receiving bulk orders. It became #1 on the nonfiction list for the week of May 18, 2008. The book spent its third week on the New York Times best seller list at #7, its fourth at #5, its fifth week at #8 and its sixth week at #10. In its seventh and eighth weeks it was #13 on the  list. It took a dip in its ninth week to #22 on The New York Times Bestsellers list and in its 10th week it held steady at #23.  As of August 3, 2008 the book is at #24 on the New York Times Best Seller List. On the week of September 15, The Revolution bounced to #10 on the New York Times best seller list and the following week dropped down to #27.

Reviews
Glenn Reynolds of Instapundit gave the book a favorable, though mixed, review, saying, "The book benefits from many of the Paul campaign's virtues, in the form of accessibility, clarity, and straightforwardness. On the other hand, it also suffers from some of the Paul campaign's vices." Paul Constant at The Stranger likened Paul to an "ancient high-school civics teacher" who "puffs up" at the notion of the Constitution as a "living document."

David Weigel of Reason reviewed the book favorably, comparing Paul's political ideas to those of fellow anti-war conservative Sen. Chuck Hagel. "Paul has a grand unified theory to offer readers, knowing full well that he's opening minds, not programming them," Weigel wrote, adding that Paul "offers readers, first and foremost, the lesson that 'leaders' and universally accepted concepts shouldn't be trusted. It is worried and informed neostructuralists who can change things, not historical 'great men.' If Ron Paul doesn't provide perfect solutions, he certainly provides a blueprint."

In September 2008, The Washington Post reported that the book was "largely written" by Thomas Woods.  Woods contends that his role in authoring the book has been "overemphasized" and that "this is Ron Paul's book in every way."

References

2008 non-fiction books
Books by Ron Paul
American political books
Non-fiction books about elections
Books about ideologies
Books about liberalism
Books about international relations
Books in political philosophy
Books about the 2003 invasion of Iraq
War on Terror books
Books about globalization
2008 United States presidential election


WEBQ may refer to:

 WEBQ (AM), a radio station (1240 AM) licensed to Harrisburg, Illinois, United States
 WEBQ-FM, a radio station (102.3 FM) licensed to Eldorado, Illinois


WFIW may refer to:

 World Federation of Industry Workers, a former global union federation
 WFIW (AM), a radio station (1390 AM) licensed to Fairfield, Illinois, United States
 WFIW-FM, a radio station (104.9 FM) licensed to Fairfield, Illinois, United States


WFMB may refer to:

 WFMB (AM), a radio station (1450 AM) licensed to Springfield, Illinois
 WFMB-FM, a radio station (104.5 FM) licensed to Springfield, Illinois


Debbie Hughes (born May 14, 1958 in Lexington, Kentucky) is an American artist specializing in science fiction and fantasy illustration. Her work has appeared in over 150 publications.

Early career
Hughes is the granddaughter of Hildegarde Hamilton, an impressionist painter, well known in the U.S. and Europe. Hughes received her BA from Furman University.  Her first published cover was for Science Fiction Chronicle.  Her next book covers appeared on Baen Books in 1989 which included covers for Roger Zelazny, Aline Boucher Kaplan and Don Wismer. This was followed by frontispiece work for Easton Press/MBI books which included illustration for such authors as Alexei Panshin, Sir Kingsley Amis, Charles Pellegrino, Mike Resnick, Allen Steel, Gentry Lee, Sheri S. Tepper, Spider Robinson, and Jack McDevitt.

Hughes did interior color illustrations for Amazing Stories Magazine, Science Fiction Age Magazine and Realms of Fantasy Magazine. She created interior illustrations for Ben Bova, Martha Soukup, A.J. Austin, Vivian Vande Velde, Deborah Wheeler, Gary W. Herring, and Joyce K. Jensen.
In her work for a CD Rom Company: The Bookworm, Hughes illustrated the entire book Little Women with over 45 illustrations. She illustrated the works of Edgar Allan Poe with 12 illustrations, Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter with seven illustrations and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein with 10 illustrations. From 1992 to 1994, Hughes did illustration work for Cyberflix, a local game company in Knoxville, TN. Cyberflix also signed on with Paramount Interactive and as a result Debbie worked for both companies. She worked on the CD Rom titles: Title JumpRaven, Viper and Dust. She went on to work for The Bookworm and The Learning Company. At the Learning Company she illustrated for numerous Language learning CD titles and she also worked on the Title: Reader Rabbit.

Games, cards and software
Hughes' work has been seen in the CD Rom games JumpRaven and Dust.  The Bookworm's Illustrated Classic Series, The Learning Company's Learn to Speak Series, and Reader Rabbit feature her artwork. She also created animation work for Dust, Reader Rabbit and the Bookworm's Illustrated Classic Series.

Her collectible game card work includes illustrations for Wizards of the Coast, Thunder Castle Games, DragonStorm Games, Gatekeeper Press, Mayfair Games, Companion Games, Last Unicorn Games, Five Rings Publishing, Precedence Entertainment, and Iron Crown Enterprises.

Recent work
Debbie's work "Dark Streets" is featured in Neither Beginnings nor Endings, The JordanCon 2022 Anthology.

Debbie's work was featured in the 2020 December issue of Utopia Magazine where she was interviewed by the Editor Tristan Evarts. This is a very in depth interview with many of Debbie's published and unpublished works.

Debbie's work was featured in the 2019 Yandex - Museum of the Future (Russian Magazine)

Hughes' recent work includes 2011 ASFA Journal cover,  the frontispiece illustration for Spider Robinson's newest novel, Very Hard Choices, published by Easton Press; the frontispiece illustration for Sheri S. Tepper's novel The Margarets, published by Easton Press, a full color wrap around illustration for Nancy Farmer's Sea of Trolls, published by Editorial Presenca, Portugal and a full color wrap around cover illustration for the Postscripts Cover, Spring issue 6, 2006, P & S Publishing, UK.

The book Ruins Metropolis by Eric T. Reynolds (editor) is the third volume in the Ruins series from Hadley Rille Books. It is a collection of 35 fantasy and science fiction stories based on Hughes' art work.

Hughes has been the artist guest of honor at many conventions in the North and Southeast United States.  She is listed in the 2009 edition of Science Fiction and Fantasy Artists of the Twentieth Century written by Jane Frank. Her work has been exhibited in galleries across the United States.

Honors
Debbie received The Bernadette Award for her work: "Impedance in Slumber" from The National Association of Women Artists 132nd Annual Exhibition. This was held at One Art Space, 23 Warren Street(Tribeca)NY. NY. Oct. 16-23 2021.
Debbie' work, "Seasons of Wither won an Honorable Mention with The National Association of Women Artists exhibit: "Grand Visions, we are here", September 2020. This was held at the Grand Central Library, NYPL, 135 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017.

Debbie received the Chesley Award from the Association of Science Fiction & Fantasy Artists (ASFA) October 2020.Category: Unpublished Color Art work for her painting: "The Raven, the Wolf and the Maiden".

On November 14, 2019, Debbie was inducted into the National Association of Women Artists which is the oldest women's fine art organization in the country. Debbie joins a list of distinguished American women artists.

References

1958 births
Living people
Artists from Lexington, Kentucky
Artists from Knoxville, Tennessee
American women illustrators
American illustrators
Science fiction artists
Kentucky women artists
21st-century American women


WGFA may refer to:

 WGFA-FM, a radio station (94.1 FM) licensed to Watseka, Illinois, United States
 WIBK, a radio station (1360 AM) licensed to Watseka, Illinois, which held the call sign WGFA from 1961 to 2017