Jason Sebastian Russo (born August 16, 1973, in Yonkers, New York) is an American rock musician and writer, currently a MFA student at Bennington Writing Seminars in Bennington, Vermont and a published poet and short story writer. He was a member of Mercury Rev from 1994 to 2001, and rejoined in 2011 for the Don't Look Back concert series Deserter's Songs reunion tour. He founded the psychedelic rock band Hopewell in high school. Hopewell has since gone on hiatus. They released their fifth album, Good Good Desperation, on Tee Pee Records in 2009. He is also leader of the band Common Prayer.

Common Prayer's debut record There Is A Mountain was released in the UK by Big Potato Records, a label founded in part by Slowdive's Neil Halstead. It was recorded on the site of the Truck Festival in Steventon, Oxfordshire, by Joe and Robin Bennett of Goldrush. Other players include Russo's brother, Justin Russo.

In 2014, he began a new band called Guiding Light with the musician/filmmaker Tara Autovino. Their debut LP was released by Bleeding Gold Records (US) and Eggs In Aspic Records (UK) in late 2017.

In 2018, while simultaneously recording their sophomore album, Guiding Light became one half of the band Pete International Airport, recording and touring the album Safer With The Wolves... (A Recordings). They also contributed, separately, remixes for the band's remix LP SFR WTH TH WLVS...RMX.

Childhood
"Jason Russo grew up in a religious household with two brothers, a sister and no TV. The son of a psychiatrist, he spent the better part of his youth in graveyards, woods and strip malls in upstate New York before music consumed much of his life. At the age of 19, Russo found himself touring alongside his brother Justin as bassist for critically acclaimed Mercury Rev during the band's peak, before moving on to focus entirely on his own eclectic psychedelic rock band Hopewell. - NY Post".

Discography

Albums
 Harmony Rockets Paralyzed Mind of the Archangel Void (Big Cat, 1995)
 Hopewell Contact (Burnt Hair Records, 1997)
 Grasshopper and the Golden Crickets The Orbit of Eternal Grace (Beggars Banquet, 1998)
 Mercury Rev All is Dream (V2 Records, 2001)
 Hopewell The Curved Glass (Priapus, PIAS, 2001)
 Grand Mal Bad Timing (Arena Rock Recording Company, 2003)
 The Silent League The Orchestra, Sadly, Has Refused (File-13, Something in Construction, 2004)
 Hopewell Hopewell & The Birds Of Appetite (Tee Pee Records, Star Mole Records (Japan), 2005)
 Hopewell Hopewell and the Birds of Appetite (TeePee Records, 2005)
 Mercury Rev The Essential Mercury Rev: Stillness Breathes 1991-2006 (V2 Records, 2006)
 Grand Mal Love Is The Best Con In Town (New York Night Train, 2006)
 Hopewell Beautiful Targets (TeePee Records / Star Mole (Japan), 2007)
 Grand Mal Congratulations You've Re-joined the Human Race ( Groover Recordings, 2007)
 The Silent League Of Stars and Other Somebodies (Something in Construction, Rallye/Klee, 2007)
 Camphor Drawn To Dust (Friendly Fire Recordings, 2008)
 Hopewell Good Good Desperation (TeePee Records, 2009)
 Grand Mal Clandestine Songs (Groover Recordings, 2010)
 Common Prayer There Is A Mountain (Big Potato Records / South Cherry Entropy, 2010)
 Hopewell Live Volume 1 (Virtual Label / South Cherry Entropy, 2010)
 Common Prayer Frame The River (O+ / South Cherry Entropy, 2013)
 Kevin Devine Instigator (Procrastinate! Music Traitors, 2016)
 Pete International Airport Safer With The Wolves... (A Recordings, 2017)
 Guiding Light Guide the Lightning (Eggs in Aspic / Bleeding Gold, 2017)
 Pete International Airport SFR WTH TH WLVS...RMX (Little Cloud Records, 2019)

Soundtracks
 Jesus' Son Soundtrack (1999)
 Tarnation Soundtrack (as Hopewell) (2003)
 Alphonso Bow Soundtrack (2009)
 Psycho Guru Soundtrack (2010)
 Lapse: Confessions of a Slot Machine Junkie Soundtrack (2013)
 River Of Bears Soundtrack (2013)

EPs and singles
 Hopewell "Windy & Carl" / "Hopewell" (Burnt Hair Records, 1996 7" Single)
 Hopewell "Stranger" (Priapus Records, 1997 7" Single)
 Hopewell "Purple Balloon" (Priapus Records, 1998 EP)
 Mercury Rev "Goddess on a Hiway" (V2 Records, 1998 Single)
 Mercury Rev "Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp" (V2 Records, 1998 Single)
 Mercury Rev "Opus 40" (V2 Records, 1999 Single)
 Mercury Rev "Holes" (V2 Records, 1999 Single)
 Hopewell "Planetarium" / "Hopewell" (Burnt Hair Records, 1998 12" S/Sided, Ltd)
 Hopewell "Small Places" (Zeal Records, 2000 7" Single)
 Hopewell "Safe As Milk" (Cutty Shark, 2001 CD/ 7" Single)
 Hopewell "The Angel Is My Watermark" (Cutty Shark, 2001 CD/ 7" Single)
 Hopewell "The Notbirds EP" (Sunnylane / South Cherry Entropy, 2006 EP)
 Hopewell "Hopewell" / "Lions & Tigers Keep - Mother Vol 3" (Fire Records, 2006 10" Ltd)
 Hopewell "Good Good Good Desperation" / "Opus Part 2" (TeePee Records, 2009 7" Single)
 Hopewell "Another Music" (TeePee Records, 2012 CD/7" Single)

Compilations
 Hopewell Clooney Tunes (Fierce Panda Records, 2000)
 Hopewell Psychedelica Vol: 2 (Northern Star Records, 2007)
 Hopewell Psychedelica Vol: 4 (Northern Star Records, 2011)
 Hopewell Songs From A Sonic Land (Reverb Records, 2011)
 Half feat. Jason Sebastian Russo Blue Thunder, a Tribute to Galaxie 500 (TBTCI, 2016)

References

External links
 Official home page

 Hopewell web site
 Common Prayer web site
 IFC.com
 Common Prayer Interview/Article from Perfect Sound Forever
 Little Cloud Records

1973 births
Living people
American rock bass guitarists
Theremin players
Mercury Rev members
Musicians from Yonkers, New York


Michael Potekhen (born August 15, 1979) is an American racing driver from Silverthorne, Colorado who competed in the Firestone Indy Lights Series.

After starting in karts, Potekhen began racing in the Star Mazda West Series and Formula Vauxhall Winter Series in 1997. He competed in Star Mazda West until 2001 when he moved to U.S. Formula Ford 2000.

In 2003, he made his professional debut and finished fifth in the Star Mazda Pro Series. He competed in the Formula Mazda pro series from 2004 to 2006 and in May 2006 he made his Indy Pro Series debut at the Freedom 100 where he started and finished 11th. Potekhen made four other IPS starts that year. In 2007, he competed in a full season of the Indy Pro Series and achieved an IPS career-best finish of 2nd at the Milwaukee Mile and finished in a surprising 5th place in the championship.

With Apex Racing shutting down before the start of the season, Potekhen did not start the 2008 Indy Lights season until May 23, with SWE Racing/Chastain Motorsports in the Firestone Freedom 100. He returned to the team late in the season to make four more starts.

He missed the first four races of the 2009 season, but signed to join Alliance Motorsports for the Freedom 100. Potekhen returned to the team to make seven more starts and led his first laps in the series at Chicagoland Speedway late in the season. He finished 18th in points participating in only 8 of 15 races with a best finish of fourth at Homestead-Miami Speedway.

Indy Lights

References

External links
 Mike Potekhen's homepage
 Two audio interviews with Mike Potekhen

1979 births
Indy Lights drivers
Living people
People from Summit County, Colorado
Racing drivers from Colorado
Indy Pro 2000 Championship drivers


William Mitchel Daily (1812–February 5, 1877) was an American academic, preacher and theologian. He served as the third president of Indiana University and resigned under pressure after fewer than six years. He served a one-year term as the chaplain of the US House of Representatives and also served as a hospital chaplain during the US Civil War.

Early life and education

William Daily was born in 1812 in Coshocton, Ohio. Later that year his father moved to a farm in Franklin County and Daily spent his childhood there. He attended the country school, and later attended school in Brookville. At fifteen years of age he took charge of a school in an adjoining county. Daily was baptized as a baby and grew up in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was preaching by age 16. He joined the Conference in 1831, was ordained deacon in 1833, and elder in 1835. Daily was stationed in Bloomington, Indiana in 1835-1836 where he had duties as a local pastor and was a student at Indiana University. He graduated from the university in 1836.

Early career

Daily was an agent of the Preacher's Aid Society in 1837, then was transferred to the Missouri Conference in 1838 and stationed in St. Louis. Shortly thereafter he became a professor at St. Charles College. Daily returned to Indiana in 1840 after a lung hemorrhage. In 1843 he took charge of a congregation in Madison, Indiana. While there he met Permelia A. Northcraft and they married. He was a chaplain in the United States Congress in the winter of 1844-1845, then stationed at Rising Sun and Evansville. During this time he was made agent for Indiana Asbury (now DePaw) University, then a presiding elder of the Bloomington and Madison districts. Daily was a member of the General Conference in 1852.

Daily attended and chaired the first session of the newly created Indiana State Teachers Association on December 25, 1854. He would go on to be elected the association's first President serving in that role until 1855.

Tenure at Indiana University
William Daily was elected a trustee of Indiana University on February 10, 1853, and was seated on July 30, 1853. His resignation of the post was accepted by the Board of Trustees on August 2, 1853. He had served for one and a half days. His place was taken by Cyrus L. Dunham. The current Indiana University President at the time, Alfred Ryors, resigned on August 3, 1853, and William Daily was elected the third President of Indiana University that same day.

In July 1858, charges were brought against Daily by A. M. Murphy. He was accused of being incompetent, not paying debts, plagiarism, immorality, and not being a proper disciplinarian. On July 13, 1858, the eight members of the Board of Trustees met to consider the charges, but were unwilling to do so without proper evidence. Murphy then withdrew the charges, for reasons unknown, and the matter was not resolved. Daily attended the annual Indiana Methodist Conference that fall, but criticism of his behavior continued. He resigned under pressure on January 26, 1859. In the fall of 1859, the Indiana Methodist Conference examined the case of William Daily and decided to expel him. Daily had been the first Methodist to hold an important position at Indiana University.

Late career

In 1862, Abraham Lincoln appointed Daily hospital chaplain at St. Louis, where he remained until the end of the war in 1865. Daily was associated with the Louisiana Conference in 1869, and was appointed in turn to the Baton Rouge district and the Upper Coast district, each for a four-year term. After that, he was appointed to the North New Orleans district but became seriously ill shortly after and died a few days later on February 5, 1877. A few months after his death, his remains were moved to Madison, Indiana.

Education

 M.A. from Indiana University Bloomington.
 Honorary M.A. from Augusta College, Kentucky during the presidency of Bishop Bascom.
 Honorary Doctor of Divinity from Indiana University in 1851.
 LL.D. from University of Louisville.

References

External links
 William M. Daily Collection at Indiana University

1812 births
1877 deaths
Indiana University Bloomington alumni
People from Franklin County, Ohio
Death in Louisiana
Presidents of Indiana University


Fleurie () is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.

Medieval charters record Fleurie as Floriacum.

Fleurie AOC is a division of the Beaujolais wine region.

In the 1970s the British Conservative politician and tax fugitive Ernest Marples (1907–78) owned a Fleurie château and vineyard, to which he retired after fleeing from an Inland Revenue investigation in 1975.

Notable residents
Désiré Charnay (1828–1915), archaeologist specializing in Mayan and Aztec studies

See also
Communes of the Rhône department

References

Communes of Rhône (department)


Ben Vaeau (born 7 January 1982) is a professional rugby league footballer who currently plays for Eastern Suburbs Tigers in the Queensland Cup. His position of preference is at prop.

Playing career
Vaeau played for the Manukau Magpies in the 2002 Auckland Rugby League competition.

Vaeau played for the Brisbane Broncos in 2006 and North Queensland Cowboys from 2007 to 2008 in the National Rugby League.

Representative career
Vaeau has represented the Cook Islands and was part of their squad at the 2009 Pacific Cup.

Statistics

Club career

References

External links
North Queensland Cowboys profile
 https://web.archive.org/web/20070905183724/http://www.cowboys.com.au/gallery.php?gallery=21&image=165

1982 births
Living people
Brisbane Broncos players
Cook Islands national rugby league team players
Cook Island rugby league players
Eastern Suburbs Tigers players
New Zealand rugby league players
New Zealand sportspeople of Cook Island descent
North Queensland Cowboys players
Manukau Magpies players
Rugby league players from Auckland
Rugby league props
Rugby league second-rows
New Zealand expatriate rugby league players
Expatriate rugby league players in Australia
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in Australia


Uvs is a province in Mongolia.

Uvs or UVS may also refer to:

 Europa Ultraviolet Spectrograph
 UVS (Juno)
 Uvs Lake, in Mongolia and Russia
 Uvs Lake Basin, in Mongolia and Russia
 UVS (football), association football club in Leiden, Netherland. Former professional club.


The Rise was a five-piece American band from Austin, Texas. Their sound is a combination of metalcore, hardcore techno, post-hardcore and metal. The band is currently signed to ReIgnition Recordings and their latest album, Reclamation Process, was released on as a free album for subscribers of Law of Inertia, the rock mag product of Cory Killduff. on May 31, 2005. They toured constantly in 2001–2004, and from their inclusion on the Hellfest 2002 compilation DVD.

Band members

Last lineup
 Kemble Walters – drums (Now plays in Volume. He has also played in the bands Juliette and the Licks and Vise Versa.)
 Cory Kilduff – vocals/electronics
 Danny Wood – bass (Also plays in the bands …And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead and The AM Syndicate.)
 Ben Hicks – guitar
 Stuart Reilly – guitar

Former members
 James Welsh – electronics
 Colin Fee – drummer on Signal to Noise

Discography

Albums
2002: Signal to Noise
2005: Reclamation Process

DVDs
 Hellfest 2002

References

External links
 Official website
 ReIgnition profile
 Ferret Records profile

Musical groups from Austin, Texas
Metalcore musical groups from Texas
Musical groups established in 2001
2001 establishments in Texas
Ferret Music artists


Chris Romer (born 1959) is a former American politician from the U.S. state of Colorado. Elected to the Colorado State Senate as a Democrat in 2006, he represented Senate District 32, which encompasses south Denver. As of 2022, Romer is the CEO of Project Canary, an independent certification organization that measures, tracks, and delivers ESG data across the energy value chain.

On November 30, 2010, Romer announced his candidacy for Mayor of Denver. He then resigned from the state senate, and, after qualifying for the runoff election, lost the race to Michael Hancock.

Biography
Born in Denver, the son of former Colorado governor Roy Romer, Romer graduated from Graland Country Day School and Denver's East High School and then attended Stanford University, earning a bachelor's degree in economics.

Romer has helped to build several public-private mission-driven B-Corp companies, including Guild Education and Project Canary. Project Canary is a B-Corp with a mission to help the oil and gas industry reduce methane leaks and so limit its climate impact. Previously he worked as a financial consultant focusing on biomass energy plants and transit development projects such as Denver Union Station. Romer has worked as a public finance banker with JPMorgan Chase, working on public projects including the Denver International Airport, Children's Hospital, the Denver Center for the Performing Arts, National Jewish Medical and Research Center and FasTracks.

In late 2008, Romer left his position at JPMorgan Chase to work with the Knowledge is Power Program, a Denver network of charter schools. He was named the group's president in December 2008.

At the age of 28, Romer founded the Colorado I Have a Dream Foundation, a non-profit providing mentoring and scholarships to at-risk children; he has also served as its president. He has chaired the Colorado Children's Campaign and served on the boards of the Denver School of Science and Technology, the Metropolitan State College of Denver Foundation, and Open World Learning, as well as Denver's New America Schools, where he spent two years as a volunteer superintendent. He was also a founder and president of Great Education Colorado which advocates for improved funding of Colorado schools and promotes education reform; in 2006, the group proposed an increase in severance taxes provide funding for public schools, but the measure was never placed on the statewide ballot. Romer was also a leader behind Colorado's Amendment 23, a ballot measure approved by voters in 2000 which guarantees state funding levels for Colorado public schools, and a member of the Colorado Supreme Court Nominating Commission. In 2019, Romer founded Project Canary a public benefit corporation working to change the course of climate change by cutting methane emissions and providing engineering-based certifications and high-fidelity continuous monitoring.

Legislative career

2006 election

Romer faced two other candidates for the Democratic Party nomination for the state senate — community activist Jennifer Mello and Rep. Fran Coleman. Romer emphasized his financial and budgetary expertise in the contest, ultimately prevailing over both opponents in the historically Democratic district. In the general election, Romer won election to represent the 32nd Senate District, defeating Republican Dave Lewis with 70 percent of the popular vote.

In December 2006, outgoing Rep. Dan Grossman resigned from the legislature slightly before the end of his term because of newly enacted ethics laws. Instead of appointing Romer to the remainder of Grossman's term, Gov. Bill Owens appointed Donna R. Johnson, Grossman's long-time legislative aide, to the remaining month of the Senate term. Romer supported her brief appointment as a state senator and was sworn in himself on January 10, 2007.

One of Romer's daughters is Rachel Romer Carlson, the founder and CEO of Guild Education.

2007 legislative session

In the 2007 session of the General Assembly, Romer served on the Senate Agriculture, Natural Resources & Energy Committee, the Senate Finance Committee, and was vice-chairman of the Senate State, Veterans & Military Affairs Committee. During the session, Romer was also named the chair of a select Senate committee on renewable energy.

During the 2007 legislative session, Romer introduced a proposal to sell operations of the Colorado Lottery to a private firm in order to raise funds for public schools.
The proposal would have been referred to Colorado voters in a statewide ballot measure, and would have used the proceeds from the sale to endow a trust fund to support college scholarships, public schools, state parks, and veteran's services. After facing criticism on legal grounds, and from Governor Bill Ritter, who had offered a competing proposal for school funding, Romer pulled the measure from consideration.

Romer also introduced a measure to require that Colorado high school students demonstrate English competency as a requirement for graduation. Garnering support largely from Republicans, the measure passed the state senate, but was voted down in a house committee due to concern over mandating requirements upon local school districts. Romer also joined Republicans in supporting a measure to enact statewide science and math standards, and introduced a measure that created a pilot dual enrollment program for Colorado students.

Although Romer made a number of proposals to amend the state budget, only one — a requirement that private prison operators provide information on cost breakdowns — was adopted.

Following the regular session, Romer served on the legislature's interim committee on allocation of severance tax and federal mineral lease revenues.

2008 legislative session

In the 2008 session of the General Assembly, Romer served on the Senate Agriculture, Natural Resources & Energy Committee, the Senate Appropriations Committee, and was vice-chair of both the Senate Finance Committee and the Senate State, Veterans & Military Affairs Committee.

During the 2008 session, Romer floated a proposal to charge a toll Interstate 70 users traveling to mountain ski resorts during weekend rush hours as a way of reducing congestion; the proposal garnered a strong negative reaction and competing suggestions from members of the public. In response to the feedback, Romer proposed a mechanism for citizen participation in a collaborative online bill-drafting process, declaring "I want to have the first Wikipedia bill, where the citizens write the bill." Romer proceeded to create a website using Google Groups to solicit public comment and proposals; he later introduced a bill based in part of suggestions received online. The proposal would charge tolls to low-occupancy vehicles during peak hours, and create reversible HOV lanes. The bill was denounced by legislators representing the I-70 mountain corridor, and was defeated in a house committee.  Romer then offered his support to a competing proposal to charge $5 tolls along I-70, which ultimately died for lack of support.

Romer also planned on sponsoring legislation to educate consumers on scams, to create statewide high school graduation standards, to allow homeowners to collect rainwater for irrigation, and to eliminate CSAP testing for high school students. Romer was also the senate sponsor of a proposal to increase severance taxes to provide additional funding for higher education, and sponsored a successful bill creating the Colorado Clean Energy Finance Program to provide below-market rate loans to homeowners for energy efficiency projects.

In the contested 2008 Democratic presidential primaries, Romer supported Barack Obama.

2009 legislative session

For the 2009 session of the Colorado General Assembly, Romer was named to seats on the Senate Transportation Committee and the Senate Education Committee, where he served as vice-chair.

After several deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning in his district, Romer pressed for quick consideration of a bill to require carbon monoxide detectors in new homes at the start of the 2009 session; Romer was the bill's Senate co-sponsor. Romer also floated a proposal to alter the inflation formula used to allocate money to education under Colorado's Amendment 23, in order to increase the legislature's flexibility in allocating funds.

Romer introduced legislation changing taxi cab regulations, attempting to increase competition by shifting burden of proof onto parties opposing new cabs. The bill had bi-partisan support.

As part of a comprehensive education package, Romer sponsored Senate Bill 256 which overhauls the state’s education system by rewarding student and teacher performance. Romer remarked, “I think you will hear about this around the country. This is a good move for Colorado and is a big, big deal”.

A bill introduced by Romer to allow in-state tuition to immigrant children, after being amended to become effective upon passage of the federal DREAM Act, failed in the Senate.

2010 legislative session
In the 2010 session of the General Assembly, Romer served on the Senate Business, Labor and Technology committee, the Senate Health and Human Services committee, and the Senate Local Government & Energy committee.

During the 2010 session, Romer introduced legislation that would provide tax credits to businesses who re-hire laid-off workers. According to the bill’s note, 7,300 workers would be rehired sooner because of the incentives provided.

Romer introduced Senate Bill 109, the first regulatory medical marijuana bill in the country, stating “I think this is the beginning of the end of the Wild West”. After some heated controversy, Romer helped negotiate a compromise in the legislature, and the Bill was signed into law on June 7, 2010.

References

Living people
Democratic Party Colorado state senators
Politicians from Denver
Stanford University alumni
1959 births
21st-century American politicians
Candidates in the 2011 United States elections


Chénas is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.

See also
Chénas AOC
Communes of the Rhône department

References

Communes of Rhône (department)
Beaujolais (province)


Chiroubles () is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.

See also
Chiroubles AOC, a Beaujolais wine from Chiroubles
Communes of the Rhône department

References

Communes of Rhône (department)


Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway No. 6 was the only locomotive in Class A-2. Purchased from the Northern Pacific Railway for  A. B. Hammond's Astoria and Columbia River Railway, number 6 came to the SP&S secondhand. It was used as a switch locomotive until 1931 when it was sold to the St Helens Terminal and Dock Co. at St. Helens Oregon.

Background
The Astoria and Columbia River (A&CR) ran from Astoria to Goble, Oregon, where the A&CR met the Northern Pacific. In 1907 the NP purchased the A&CR to be a feeder line for the new Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway. To help the new feeder line handle increasing freight traffic, an NP Switcher was sold to the A&CR on August 7, 1907. The SP&S took over the A&CR and on February 24, 1911, obtained all A&CR locomotives. The former A&CR switch locomotive number 1 became SP&S number 6.

Construction history
Number 6 was built for the Northern Pacific by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1887. Its builder's number was 8617.

Operational history
SP&S Number 6 continued with switching duties at Astoria, Oregon. On June 30, 1931 SP&S Number 6 was sold to the St. Helens Terminal and Dock Company.

Numbering
Originally numbered NP 386, and then NP 988, the A&CR numbered NP 988 as A&CR Number 1. The SP&S renumbered A&CR 1 to SP&S Number 6.

Disposal
SP&S Number 6 was sold to St. Helens Terminal & Dock Co (StHT&D Co). Grande Claims that Number 6 then "blew up and was scrapped." However he gives no dates for this. Gartner only states that when the SP&S bought the St.HT&D Co in 1933 that an SP&S locomotive (SP&S 201) had to be brought in.

Discrepancies
Gartner and Grande differ on several dates. Grande gives a build date of 1897. He also states that the date SP&S No. 6 was sold to the StHT&D Co was 1921. Gartner gives dates of 1887 and 1931.

References

Steam locomotives of the United States
A-2
0-6-0 locomotives
Baldwin locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1887
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Shunting locomotives


Chenas (, also Romanized as Chenās, Chanas, and Chonās; also known as Chūnās) is a village in Qarah Kahriz Rural District, Qarah Kahriz District, Shazand County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 352, in 92 families.

References

Populated places in Shazand County


Erythronium californicum, the California fawn lily, is a species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae, endemic to moist woodland habitats in the mountains of Northern California.

Description
It is an herbaceous hardy perennial growing from a pointed bulb 3 to 6 cm wide and producing two basal leaves which are sometimes spotted with brown. The reddish-green stalks grow up to  tall and each bears one to three nodding, slightly scented flowers in spring. The flower has yellowish-white tepals 2 to 4 cm long, sometimes with red or brown banding or striping toward the bases. The stamens, anthers, and stigma are whitish in color.

The cultivars 'Brocklamont Inheritance'  and  'White Beauty' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment — Erythronium californicum
Erythronium californicum — Photo gallery

californicum
Endemic flora of California
Flora of the Klamath Mountains
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Natural history of the California Coast Ranges
Plants described in 1904


Aleksandr Yakovlevich Dokuchayev was an aircraft designer and builder in Russia prior to and during World War I.

Aircraft

Most aircraft built by Dokuchayev were modified Farman designs, each unique.  His first aircraft, completed in 1910, was an Anzani-powered biplane of pusher configuration.  With 50 hp, the aircraft was tested, but may never have flown.  In 1912, he completed a sesquiplane version of a Farman IV, and in 1914 he flew another modified Farman type, this time a trainer aircraft with equal span wings and producing 80 hp with its Gnome-Rhone engine.  His fourth model was a return to the sesquiplane configuration, producing a trainer with three rudders operated on skis.  Number 5 was a simple monoplane of his own design, but his final design was another Farman modification.

See also

 List of aircraft (C-D)
 Vasily Dokuchaev

References

Aircraft manufacturers of Russia
Russian aerospace engineers
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing


Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway's Class A-3 was a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive switchers.

Background

Design Features

Construction History

Operational history

Numbering

Disposition

References

A-3
0-6-0 locomotives
ALCO locomotives
Steam locomotives of the United States
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1914


Ballmertshofen Castle is a 16th-century castle located in the Ballmertshofen section of Dischingen in the Heidenheim district of Baden-Württemberg in Germany.  It is located in the south east corner of Ballmertshofen on the road to Giengen and Dattenhausen.  The castle is owned by the community and includes a local art gallery.

See also
List of castles in Baden-Württemberg

References

External links
  Schloss Ballmertshofen
  Dischingen Town website
  Schloss Ballmertshofen in Castle Inventory Website

Art museums and galleries in Germany


Antonino Barges (fl. 1546–1565) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, active in Venice and Treviso.  While known as a composer of light popular secular forms such as the villotta, he also wrote motets and a Requiem.  He was a friend and probably a student of Adrian Willaert, the founder of the Venetian School, and was listed as a witness to Willaert's last will and testament.

Little is known about his early life.  He was born in Barges.  Like many of his countrymen, he received a good musical education in the Low Countries, and either in youth or early adulthood came to Italy, where employment prospects for singers and composers were better than at home.  By 1550 he had become maestro di cappella (choirmaster) at the church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari (known as the Ca' Grande) in Venice, a prestigious post.  He left Venice in 1555, going to Treviso, where he became a Franciscan and joined the convent of San Francesco.  Further records show that he was employed at Treviso Cathedral between 1562 and 1565 as maestro di cappella. No further records of his life have yet been found, and he has not yet been the subject of a dedicated scholarly biography.

Barges venerated his teacher and friend Willaert, and mentioned him glowingly in the dedication to his first book of villotte (Di Antonino Barges maestro di cappella alla Casa grande di Venetia il primo libro de villotte a quatro voci con un'altra canzon della galina novamente da lui composte & date in luce, Venice: Gardano, 1550):  "l'unico inventore della vera e buona musica" ("the sole inventor of music which is true and good.") Indeed, friendship is a theme of the dedication: in addition to the reference to Willaert, Barges characterizes his relationship with Girolamo Fenaruolo, the dedicatee, as a friendship, and mentions their mutual friends Stefano Taberio and Marco Silvio. If Barges's dedication is to be believed, these men were among the first to hear and sing his songs, but the songs might also have found a home in Domenico Venier's salon.

Barges published only this one book of light secular music, although it contains music besides villottas such as a dozen villanescas and four madrigals not by Barges but by Andrea Patricio (composers at this time often admitted a few works by others into their publications).  Other music by Barges included some sacred works, including two motets for four voices, published in 1563, an Alleluia, and a Requiem for four voices (not dated).  It is not known if he wrote this for Willaert.  The style of the secular music is as light as anything found in northern Italy at the time:  dancelike, quick, often triple meter, and often with nonsense syllables in a "patter" style.

Barges also wrote three instrumental ricercars.

Notes

References

 Gustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance.  New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.
 Alfred Einstein, The Italian Madrigal.  Three volumes.  Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, 1949.
 Martha Feldman, City Culture and the Madrigal at Venice (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995). Available at http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft238nb1nr/.
 Martha Feldman, 'The Academy of Domenico Venier, Music's Literary Muse in Mid-Cinquecento Venice', Renaissance Quarterly, xliv (1991), 476–512.

16th-century births
16th-century deaths
16th-century Franco-Flemish composers
Renaissance composers
Venetian School (music) composers
Madrigal composers
French classical composers
French male classical composers


This is a list of coaches of the California Seals, Oakland Seals and California Golden Seals. Eight men coached the Seals from their creation for the 1967–68 NHL season until the team moved to Cleveland, Ohio after the 1975–76 NHL season. Fred Glover had two stints as coach of the Seals. Bert Olmstead is the only Seals coach inducted in the Hockey Hall of Fame.

Coaches

Key

See also

 List of NHL head coaches

References
General

Specific

California Golden Seals head coaches
Head coaches


United Nations Security Council Resolution 320, adopted on 29 September 1972, after reaffirming previous resolutions, the Council expressed concern that despite the previous resolutions, several states were covertly and overtly violating the sanctions on Southern Rhodesia. The Council requested that the committee which had been established in resolution 253, consider the type of action which should be taken "in view of the open and persistent refusal of South Africa and Portugal to implement sanctions" and asked for the report no later than 31 January 1973.

The resolution was adopted with 13 votes to none; the United Kingdom and United States abstained.

See also
 List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 301 to 400 (1971–1976)
 Unilateral Declaration of Independence (Rhodesia)

References
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org

External links

 0320
 0320
 0320
 0320
United Nations Security Council sanctions regimes
September 1972 events


Cataldo is an unincorporated community in Kootenai and Shoshone counties in northern Idaho.  It is located at an altitude of . Cataldo lies on the southeast banks of the Coeur d'Alene River and Interstate 90 passes the south side of the community. The community of Kingston lies along I-90 to the east.  The ZIP Code for Cataldo is 83810.

History
The nearby area was the site of the Cataldo Mission which lies west of the river in Kootenai County. It is a former mission established by the Jesuits and is a National Historic Landmark that is the site of the oldest building in the state of Idaho.

Cataldo's population was estimated at 100 in 1909 and was also 100 in 1960.

References

Unincorporated communities in Kootenai County, Idaho
Unincorporated communities in Shoshone County, Idaho
Unincorporated communities in Idaho


"Brand New Day" is a comic book storyline in The Amazing Spider-Man, published by Marvel Comics beginning in 2008. It chronicles the start of Spider-Man's adventures in the aftermath of the status quo-altering "One More Day" storyline, and continues afterwards into "Spider-Man: Big Time". Although the banner only runs across the front covers of #546-564 and the Spider-Man: Swing Shift (Director's Cut) one-shot (itself a reprint, with new material, of the Free Comic Book Day 2007: Spider-Man one-shot), "Brand New Day" is also used to refer to the entire 102-issue run of stories featured in Amazing Spider-Man #546-647 and accompanying tie-in series, one-shots, and annuals.

During this time, Marvel made The Amazing Spider-Man the company's sole Spider-Man title, upping its frequency of publication to three issues monthly and cancelling the other then-current Spider-Man titles The Sensational Spider-Man and Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man, and inaugurated the series with a sequence of "back to basics" story arcs. This marks the first time since December 1976 (when Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man #1 was published) that only one regularly published title featured Spider-Man in its title.

Plot

The new status quo
Following the events of "One More Day", Spider-Man's marriage to Mary Jane Watson has been erased, resulting in adjustments to his own history. Spider-Man's secret identity has also been forgotten by everyone, including people who knew his identity before his public unmasking. Harry Osborn is again alive; he has been living in Europe for several years. Aunt May is alive and well and volunteers in a homeless shelter. Peter has his original mechanical webshooters. Although "some people" vaguely recall that Spider-Man unmasked himself during the events of Civil War, they do not remember whose face was under the mask, and even if this is brought to their attention, they soon cease to worry about it.

Brand New Day
Spider-Man has not been seen for one hundred days due to the implementation of the Superhuman Registration Act. In the meantime, Peter Parker has been residing at Aunt May's house as he searches for an affordable apartment. Feeling concerned, Peter decides to visit the Daily Bugle and is shocked to learn about the publication's severe financial troubles. Unfortunately, the stress takes a toll on J. Jonah Jameson, who suffers a heart attack.

In light of the Bugles financial difficulties, Robbie Robertson asks Peter to do what he can to get Spider-Man pictures that he believes would boost circulation, which convinces Peter to return to the web-slinging. Robbie is finally getting on top of things as Dexter Bennett, a celebrity businessman, arrives to inform him that he's bought all of Jameson's Bugle shares and is now running operations.

After encountering supervillain Menace, Peter is concerned that Harry might have returned to his goblin-glider ways, but Harry's girlfriend, Lily Hollister, provides an alibi.

Mary Jane Watson, Bobby Carr, and Jackpot
It is established that Mary Jane and Peter were in a long-term relationship, but things ended badly, and their relationship is now frosty at best. As far as Peter (or anyone else) remembers, he and Mary Jane did not get married, but cohabited as a couple since the day of the aborted wedding. It is unclear whether Mary Jane has an awareness of her previous marriage to Peter, and their deal with Mephisto.

In one conversation, Spider-Man asks, "Do I know you?", to which MJ responds, "We've met. In another life." Spider-Man is not aware it is MJ he is speaking to; she is concealing her identity as per her current boyfriend's (film star Bobby Carr) wishes.
However, based on their dialog from "One Moment In Time", neither MJ nor Peter seem to have any recollection of the deal.

Spider-Man speculates that Mary Jane Watson may be the new registered superhero Jackpot. Jackpot herself tells Spider-Man that her real name is Sara Ehret, but when Spider-Man visits this woman, she denies all knowledge of this. Sara is later seen approaching Mary Jane at the airport for an autograph.

Cast

New supporting castCarlie Cooper - A very close lifelong friend of Lily Hollister, Carlie works as a forensics expert in the crime scene unit. New to her job, she shows interest in the more "exotic" cases, but has to start at the bottom. Her father is Ray Cooper, a deceased cop who was well respected by his peers. While preparing a body found in the river for the Medical Examiner, she finds a spider-tracer in its mouth, which initiates the police warrant for the "Spider-Tracer Killer" (believed by most to be Spider-Man).

She is kidnapped by Dr. Rabin, an insane professor intent on using human sacrifices to appease an ancient Mayan god. He drags a bound and gagged Carlie out into a blizzard and attempts to murder her and offer her to the god, but she is saved when Spider-Man arrives and defeats Rabin.Dexter Bennett - The new owner of the Daily Bugle, which he renames the DB. He has a personal vendetta against both Spider-Man and Peter Parker, which leads Peter and Robbie Robertson to leave the paper.Lily Hollister - Harry Osborn's girlfriend. Her father, Bill Hollister, is running for the Mayoralty of New York, chiefly at her insistence. As the supervillain Menace, she is the most recent goblin to become an enemy of Spider-Man, with a particular interest in the Mayoral elections.Vin Gonzales - He works for the NYPD, and hates Spider-Man, thinking that the webhead is up to no good. However, his friend Al O'Neil, who also works for the NYPD, disagrees. Peter moves into Vin's apartment and becomes his roommate . When Peter resigns from the DB, he doesn't want Vin to know, because he fears Vin would think he was rooming with a flake. When he does find out he is furious that Peter lied to him; however, they have since reconciled.

Other charactersRyan Maxwell - A construction worker who is knocked off a platform by Menace while changing the sign on the exterior of the Daily Bugle building. Spider-Man arrives to catch Bill, but Ryan's neck is injured in the process. Ryan later approaches the lawyer Matt Dowd, asking if he can sue Spider-Man for knocking him off a building.  Dowd tells him that because his identity is unknown, they can file a "John Doe" complaint and serve him by publication; if he doesn't respond, they get a default judgment against him.Bruno Karnelli - The overweight son of a Karnelli and a Manfredi, who credits his parents' marriage with bringing the two crime families together, although he is offended that he has not been invited to their big meeting. He makes a deal with Mister Negative, who promises to make Bruno head of both families. After Sean Boyle accidentally plants a spider-tracer on him, Spider-Man follows him (hoping it will lead him back to Boyle) as he is pulled into a blue van and kidnapped. Bruno is tied to a table by Mister Negative and his Inner Demons as they extract a large amount of blood from him, until they are interrupted by Spider-Man, who lets them escape in order to save Bruno. Spider-Man believes that the only way Bruno would become leader of the crime families is if all other candidates for the job are killed, which makes Bruno realize that this has been Mister Negative's plan all along. Bruno then tells Spider-Man where to find them.

New villainsSean Boyle - This crook insulted Spider-Man by wearing a mask resembling his while committing crimes; he came to be known as the "Spider-Mugger". Boyle steals several wallets, including Peter Parker's and, accidentally, one of his Spider-Man webshooters. He attempts to sell the device to his fence, Dooley, at the Blind Spot (a waterfront bar for crooks), but Dooley considers the webshooter useless and returns it. When Boyle puts it on only to discover what it actually is, he accidentally shoots a spider-tracer onto the back of Bruno Karnelli, who is also at the bar. Boyle hides this from Dooley and starts using the webshooter to restrain his victims, until he realises that he must have stolen it from the real Spider-Man and one of the wallets he's given to Dooley contains his ID. He returns to the Blind Spot and asks for it to be returned, attacking Dooley with webbing, but Dooley turns it around on him and starts strangling Boyle with it. Later on, as Dooley drives off, Spider-Man finds Boyle's lifeless body with the webshooter and tracer still on him. Gonzales and O'Neil witness Spider-Man doing this and assume he has murdered Boyle.Overdrive - Introduced in Free Comic Book Day's Swing Shift, this villain can "pimp out any ride", using nanites to control and reshape any vehicle he manages to steal. Claiming to be Spider-Man's biggest fan, he often remolds cars into replicas of his old Spider-Mobile.Mister Negative - Martin Li, caring owner of a homeless shelter, has a dark secret: he can switch to a "negative mode", becoming a crime boss.Freak - After ingesting drugs and the Lizard's stem-cell research specimens, an addict morphs into a mammal-like being. Unlike the Lizard, Freak has his own mind when transformed and is obsessed with getting high. When nearly killed, Freak enters a metamorphosis state inside a cocoon and hatches in a significantly mutated form; he now cannot be defeated the same way as before.Paper Doll''' - A teenaged girl who is obsessed with actor Bobby Carr. She dresses like a goth, and has blue skin and the power to become paper thin and blend into backgrounds. She targets people who slander Bobby Carr and compresses them into her paper thin condition, thus killing them.

In other media
 An episode of Marvel's Spider-Man titled "Brand New Day" is somewhat of a reference to the "Brand New Day" comic series, as it marks the beginning of a new story arc within the show's second season. The biggest difference is that the episode takes place after the "Superior Spider-Man" story arc rather than one based on "One More Day". Additionally, Mr. Negative, Overdrive, and Screwball appear in minor roles in various episodes.
 The 2018 video game Spider-Man takes some elements of Martin Li / Mister Negative's plan to wipe out rival crime gangs and use of the "Devil's Breath" bioweapon although here a part of his scheme is to take revenge on the creator, Norman Osborn, who inadvertently killed Li's parents as a child by injecting and exposing Li with the serum that caused an unstable reaction.
 The Marvel Cinematic Universe film Spider-Man: No Way Home'' features elements from the comic when at the end, Dr. Stephen Strange conducts a reversal spell to make the world forget the public unmasking of Peter Parker as Spider-Man which includes his best friend Ned Leeds and girlfriend MJ, although his aunt May - who was killed by Green Goblin earlier in the film - is still dead. Unlike the comics, Peter's girlfriend MJ had forgotten Peter.

See also
 "Kraven's Last Hunt"
 "New Ways to Die"
 "One Moment in Time"
 "Big Time"
 List of issues

References

External links
 Fanboyradio interview with Dan Slott on Spider-Man: Brand New Day
 Newsarama: Review for all "Brand New Day" issues

2008 comics debuts
2008 comics endings


Andrew Wylie (April 12, 1789 – November 11, 1851) was an American academic and theologian, who was president of Jefferson College (1811–1816) and Washington College (1816–1828) before becoming the first president of Indiana University (1829–1851).

Early life and education
The son of Adam Wylie, a Presbyterian immigrant of Scottish descent from County Antrim, Ireland and farmer in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, Andrew was educated at home and in local schools in Washington County, Pennsylvania.  In 1804, at age fifteen, Wylie entered Jefferson College, in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.  He graduated with honors in 1810 and was immediately appointed a tutor at the college.

President of Jefferson and Washington Colleges
The next year, in 1811, Wylie was elected unanimously to serve as president of Jefferson College.  He was licensed to preach in 1812, and in 1813 was ordained as a Presbyterian minister.  In 1813 he married Margaret Ritchie, daughter of a wealthy Canonsburg merchant.

Wylie was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1815.

While president of Jefferson College, Wylie led a controversial effort to merge with nearby Washington College.  When that effort failed, in 1816 Wylie moved on to become president of Washington College and pastor of the Presbyterian church.  In 1825 Wylie was given an honorary Doctorate of Divinity from Union College, in  Schenectady, New York.  Wylie resigned his presidency in 1828, over a theological dispute among local Presbyterian groups in Washington, Pennsylvania.

He was close friends with William Holmes McGuffey, who lived in Wylie's house for a time; they often would walk the 3 miles to Washington College together.

He was one of the original members of the Presbytery of Washington (in Pennsylvania), which was founded on October 19, 1819.

President of Indiana University
In 1828, the trustees of the newly formed Indiana College wrote to Wylie offering him the position of president.  Wylie accepted and began in the fall of 1829.  There he joined two other faculty members, Baynard Rush Hall who taught Ancient Greek and Latin, and John Hopkins Harney who taught mathematics, natural philosophy, mechanical philosophy and chemistry.  In addition to serving as President, Wylie taught classes in moral philosophy, mental philosophy, rhetoric, evidences of Christianity, belles lettres, and the Constitution of the United States.  When he arrived at Indiana College the total enrollment was 40 students.  Additionally, he found local schools lacking and established a preparatory department in the College.  Several students from Washington College followed Wylie to complete their degrees at Indiana College.

In 1837 he recruited his half-cousin Theophilus Adam Wylie to Indiana College to teach mathematics, natural philosophy and chemistry.

He guided the school through an important time of transition as the state legislature rechartered the college as Indiana University in 1838.

In 1842, Wylie established the law department at Indiana University, which became the School of Law in 1889.

In Bloomington, Wylie continued to have conflicts with Presbyterians over Calvinist theology.  In 1841, he left the Presbyterian Church to become a deacon in the Protestant Episcopal Church, and became an ordained priest in 1842.

Wylie died in office in 1851, after complications from a wood-chopping accident. He is buried in Rose Hill Cemetery in Bloomington, Indiana.

During his time as president at Indiana University, student enrollment increased from 40 to 74 enrolled in the college, 58 in the preparatory department, and 28 in the law department.

Wylie’s Bloomington, Indiana home, is preserved as the Wylie House Museum by Indiana University and is administered by the IU Libraries.

Works

References

External links

Indiana University President's Office records, 1820-1851
Andrew Wylie papers, 1808-1858, at the Indiana University Archives.

1789 births
1851 deaths
People from Washington County, Pennsylvania
American Presbyterians
American people of Scotch-Irish descent
Washington & Jefferson College alumni
Presbyterians from Pennsylvania
Presidents of Washington & Jefferson College
Indiana University faculty
Members of the American Antiquarian Society
Presidents of Indiana University


The Fairfield Minuteman was a local newspaper of Fairfield, Connecticut.  Combined with the  Westport Minuteman, both of which were owned by the Journal Register Company, the Minuteman had a combined readership of roughly 30,000. In 2017, Hearst purchased the Minuteman from JRC successor Digital First Media. The Westport Minuteman was merged into the Fairfield Minuteman, then the combined paper was closed later in 2017.

References

External links

Defunct newspapers published in Connecticut
Mass media in Fairfield County, Connecticut


Tendoy is an unincorporated rural service point in Lemhi County, Idaho, United States, located at  (44.9593700, -113.6447780) on State Highway 28, at an altitude of 4,842 feet (1,476 m). It consists of a small general store and house.  It was named for Tendoy, a prominent Lemhi Shoshone chief in the mid-19th century.

It is the nearest location to Lemhi Pass over the Bitterroot Range, where the Lewis and Clark Expedition first crossed the Continental Divide in 1805. Sacagawea, the Shoshoni woman who guided the Expedition, was born near Tendoy.  Lemhi Pass is a National Historic Landmark.

The site of Fort Lemhi is 2 miles north of Tendoy.

References

Unincorporated communities in Lemhi County, Idaho
Unincorporated communities in Idaho


State Highway 28 (SH-28) is a  state highway in Idaho which runs from Idaho State Highway 33 (SH-33) near Mud Lake to U.S. Route 93 in Salmon. The entire length of the route is designated as the Sacajawea Historic Byway by the state of Idaho.

Route description

Idaho State Highway 28 begins at an intersection with ID 33. The route heads northwest before passing the Mud Lake Airport, proceeding to an intersection with State Highway 22.  After a long distance, it proceeds through the Lemhi Valley, bending north before curving northwest again for a short distance. The roadway passes the Leadore Airport on its way into Leadore, meeting Idaho State Highway 29 while in the community. Just after exiting the town, the road travels parallel to the Lemhi River for several miles before ending at U.S. Route 93 in the community of Salmon.

Major junctions

See also

 List of state highways in Idaho
 List of highways numbered 28

References

External links

028
Transportation in Jefferson County, Idaho
Transportation in Butte County, Idaho
Transportation in Clark County, Idaho
Transportation in Lemhi County, Idaho


SM UB-46 was a Type UB II submarine or U-boat for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. UB-46 operated in the Mediterranean and the Black Seas, and was sunk by a mine in December 1916.

UB-46 was ordered in July 1915 and was laid down at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen in September. UB-46 was a little more than  in length and displaced between , depending on whether surfaced or submerged. She was equipped to carry a complement of four torpedoes for her two bow torpedo tubes and had an  deck gun. As part of a group of six submarines selected for Mediterranean service, UB-46 was broken into railcar sized components and shipped to Pola where she was assembled and launched in May 1916, and commissioned in June.

In early December 1916, during the submarine's fifth patrol, UB-46 struck a mine in the Black Sea a short distance from the north entrance to the Bosphorus and sank with all hands. In her six-month career, UB-46 sank four ships of .

Design and construction
The German UB II design improved upon the design of the UB I boats, which had been ordered in September 1914. In service, the UB I boats were found to be too small and too slow. A major problem was that, because they had a single propeller shaft/engine combo, if either component failed, the U-boat became almost totally disabled. To rectify this flaw, the UB II boats featured twin propeller shafts and twin engines (one shaft for each engine), which also increased the U-boat's top speed. The new design also included more powerful batteries, larger torpedo tubes, and a deck gun. As a UB II boat, U-47 could also carry twice the torpedo load of her UB I counterparts, and nearly ten times as much fuel. To contain all of these changes the hull was larger, and the surface and submerged displacement was more than double that of the UB I boats.

The Imperial German Navy ordered UB-46 from AG Weser on 31 July 1915 as one of a series of six UB II boats (numbered from  to ). UB-46 was  long and  abeam. She had a single hull with saddle tanks and had a draught of  when surfaced. She displaced  while submerged but only  on the surface.

The submarine was equipped with twin Daimler diesel engines and twin Siemens-Schuckert electric motors—for surfaced and submerged running, respectively. UB-46 had a surface speed of up to  and could go as fast as  while underwater. The U-boat could carry up to  of diesel fuel, giving her a range of at . Her electric motors and batteries provided a range of at  while submerged.

UB-46 was equipped with two  bow torpedo tubes and could carry four torpedoes. The U-boat was also armed with one  Uk L/30 deck gun.

UB-46 was laid down by AG Weser at its Bremen shipyard on 4 September 1915. As one of six U-boats selected for service in the Mediterranean while under construction, UB-46 was broken into railcar-sized components and shipped overland to the Austro-Hungarian port of Pola. Shipyard workers from Weser assembled the boat and her five sisters at Pola, where she was launched on 17 June.

Service career
SM UB-46 was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 12 June 1916 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Cäsar Bauer. UB-46, Bauer's third U-boat command, was assigned to the Navy's Pola Flotilla (). Although the flotilla was based in Pola, the site of the main Austro-Hungarian Navy base, boats of the flotilla operated out of the Austro-Hungarian base at Cattaro which was located farther south and closer to the Mediterranean. German U-boats typically returned to Pola only for repairs. After a month at the helm of UB-46, Bauer was promoted to Kapitänleutnant.

On 2 August, Bauer achieved his first success in command of UB-46 when the Japanese steamer Kohina Maru was sunk off Alexandria just short of her destination of Port Said. A week later the U-boat sank the Greek sailing vessel Basileios which was headed back to the Adriatic from Egypt. On 2 October, Bauer torpedoed Huntsfall which was carrying hay to Salonica, and took the ship's master prisoner. The  British steamer was the largest ship sunk by UB-46.

After Germany's conquest of Romania (see Romania during World War I), the German Imperial Navy had sufficient fuel oil for submarines located in the Black Sea. UB-46 and three of her sister ships in the Pola Flotilla were ordered to Constantinople and, en route, had to navigate through the Dardanelles, which had been heavily mined by the Allies in the middle of 1916. UB-46 joined the Constantinople Flotilla () on 7 October.

The German submarines in the Black Sea accomplished little, sinking only six ships between August and the end of the year. UB-46 sank one of the six ships when she sent down the 116 GRT Russian ship Melanie north of Cape Tarkhan on 7 November. Melanie was the last ship sunk by UB-46. By early December, UB-46 was based out of Varna, Bulgaria.

Fate
On 7 December 1916, the stern of UB-46 struck a Russian mine  off the shore of the Turkish village of Akpınar, approximately  north-west of the entrance to the Bosphorus. The vessel's entire complement (reported by Helgason as 20) perished in the sinking.

A  portion of the wreck comprising the forward section of the torpedo room and battery compartment was located in 1993 during coal extraction operations and was salvaged by the Turkish navy; the remainder of the vessel could not be located. She was put on display in an outdoor exhibit at the Turkish Naval Museum in Istanbul. The wreckage was transferred to the Dardanelles Naval Museum at Çanakkale in 2008, where the remains of the vessel are currently on display.

Summary of raiding history

Notes

References

Bibliography

German Type UB II submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1916
World War I submarines of Germany
Maritime incidents in 1916
U-boats sunk in 1916
U-boats sunk by mines
World War I shipwrecks in the Black Sea
Ships preserved in museums
1916 ships
Submarines lost with all hands


Castalian Springs is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Sumner County, Tennessee, United States.

History
In the early 19th century, it was known locally as Bledsoe's Lick, and was the location of Bledsoe's Station, a fortified trading post. As of the 2010 census, its population was 556.

Native American history
During the Mississippian culture period of prehistory, the Castalian Springs Mound Site was a major local earthwork mound center, built and occupied from about 950 into the 14th century. The Native Americans who built and occupied the complex site preceded the historic tribes later known to European-American settlers in the area. This was one of the sites constructed throughout the Mississippi Valley and its tributaries, connecting regions from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.

The site was first excavated in the 1890s. It was excavated professionally in the 2005 to 2010 archaeological field school led by Dr. Kevin E. Smith from Middle Tennessee State University. A number of important finds have been associated with the site, most particularly several examples of Mississippian stone statuary and the "Castalian Springs shell gorget," now held by the National Museum of the American Indian.

2008 Super Tuesday tornado
In the 2008 Super Tuesday tornado outbreak of February 5–6, the tiny village was hit by a strong tornado (at least EF2) that claimed seven lives. The historic structure Wynnewood was heavily damaged by the storm and the United States post office was destroyed. Castalian Springs captured national news headlines when an 11-month-old boy, Kyson Stowell, was found alive in the debris of his house. Originally thought to be a children's doll, the boy moved just slightly and rescuer, David Harmon, noticed the movement. He had been blown 150 yards from the house. Kyson's mother had shielded him but died in the storm.

Demographics

Geography
Castalian Springs is located along Tennessee State Route 25, about  of Gallatin.

Post office
The area has its own United States post office, designated by the ZIP code 37031.

Notable sites
 Wynnwood State Historic Site – historic inn located in Castalian Springs.
 Bledsoe's Fort Historical Park – public park that protects the site of the 18th-century Bledsoe's Station and several other historic structures
 Cragfont State Historic Site – A historic home and the former home of James Winchester

Notable natives and residents
William B. Bate, a governor of Tennessee, U.S. Senator, and Confederate major general in the American Civil War
Humphrey Bate, an early Grand Ole Opry string band leader
Edward W. Carmack, a U.S. Senator for Tennessee and an early editor of The Tennessean.
William Hall, who served briefly as Governor of Tennessee in 1829.
John W. Head, Tennessee Attorney General and state senator

References

Census-designated places in Tennessee
Census-designated places in Sumner County, Tennessee
Unincorporated communities in Tennessee
Unincorporated communities in Sumner County, Tennessee


Signal to Noise is the first full-length album by The Rise, released in 2002.

The album combines electronic beats with post-hardcore music, much like Refused did with their 1998 album, the prophetically titled, The Shape of Punk to Come.

It was re-released in 2005 on ReIgnition Recordings.

Critical reception
Stylus Magazine wrote that "it’s extremely refreshing to see a heavy band that actually cares a little bit about their dynamics and sound textures as opposed to just wanting to hit the listener over the head with E chords." The Austin Chronicle called the album "stellar," and likened it to "Atari Teenage Riot with real songs." CMJ New Music Report wrote that "by toying with instrumentation that traditionally doesn't have a home in hardcore, Signal to Noise is as refreshing as it is exciting."

Track listing
 "The Fallacy of Retrospective Determinism"  – 5:23
 "An Automated Response If You Will"  – 2:06
 "If All You Have is a Hammer Everything Begins to Look Like Nails"  – 3:54
 "Constructive Criticism for a Predetermined Body Type"  – 2:42
 "The Concept of Transience"  – 5:04
 "Station Identification for the Print Less"  – 4:08
 "Sophisticated Approach"  – 3:31
 "51/17"  – 3:26
 "Goals Methodology Assessment"  – 6:36
 "The Machine Question"  – 4:14

References

The Rise (band) albums
2002 debut albums


Don McKenzie (born 22 July 1942) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1960s.

McKenzie played 137 games for Footscray but didn't get to play finals football. He kicked 128 goals with a best season tally coming in 1969 when he kicked 32 goals. McKenzie played his last game in 1970 before leaving Footscray and in 1972 won the J. J. Liston Trophy while captaining and coaching Sunshine in the Victorian Football Association.  During the 1978 VFL season he took over coaching duties at Footscray from Bill Goggin and remained coach until the end of 1979.

External links

1942 births
Living people
Western Bulldogs players
Western Bulldogs coaches
Sunshine Football Club (VFA) players
Sunshine Football Club (VFA) coaches
J. J. Liston Trophy winners
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Spotswood Football Club players


The 1963 Pittsburgh Steelers season was the team's 31st in the National Football League (NFL). The Steelers won seven games, lost four, and tied three to finish fourth in the Eastern Conference. It was also their final season of splitting home games between Forbes Field and Pitt Stadium before moving all of their home games to the latter for the next six seasons.

In the second game of the season, the Steelers shut out the New York Giants 31–0 in the home opener at Pitt Stadium. The Giants had won the conference title the previous two seasons and four of the last five, but were without hall of fame quarterback Y. A. Tittle.

Because tie games were not included in NFL standings at the time (for winning percentage), the Steelers had a chance to win the conference title and advance to their first-ever NFL Championship Game. They needed to defeat the Giants at Yankee Stadium in the season finale, but lost 33–17 and fell to fourth; it was their last winning season until 1972.

This year marked the debut of the Steelers' trademark black helmets with their logo on one side of the helmet. They had used the logo previously on yellow helmets, but 1963 was the first season in which their now-signature look was used full-time in the regular season.

Prior to the season in May, defensive tackle Big Daddy Lipscomb died of an overdose of heroin at age 31; his final game was the Pro Bowl in January 1963, in which he was named the lineman of the game.

Regular season

Schedule

Game summaries

Week 1 (Sunday September 15, 1963): Philadelphia Eagles

at Franklin Field, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 58,205
 Referee: Bill Downes
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Philadelphia – McDonald 13 pass from Jurgensen (Clark kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 38
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 50
 Philadelphia – Smith 6 pass from Jurgensen (Clark kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 17
 Pittsburgh – Johnson 1 run (kick failed)
 Philadelphia – McDonald 75 pass from Jurgensen (Clark kick)
 Pittsburgh – Johnson 11 pass from Brown (kick failed)

Week 2 (Sunday September 22, 1963): New York Giants

at Pitt Stadium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 46,068
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Pittsburgh – Hoak 1 run (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 11
 Pittsburgh – Hoak 2 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – Johnson 1 run (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 46 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)

Week 3 (Sunday September 29, 1963): St. Louis Cardinals

at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 28,225
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 St. Louis – Triplett 63 run (Bakken kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 21
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 40
 St. Louis – FG Bakken 28
 Pittsburgh – Hoak 1 run (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 21
 Pittsburgh – Ferguson 4 run (Michaels kick)

Week 4 (Saturday October 5, 1963): Cleveland Browns

at Cleveland Municipal Stadium, Cleveland, Ohio

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 84,684
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 18
 Cleveland – Brown 8 run (Groza kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 8
 Pittsburgh – Dial 24 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Cleveland – Collins 15 pass from Ryan (Groza kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 41 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Cleveland – Ryan 13 run (Groza kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 8
 Cleveland – Collins 20 pass from Ryan (Groza kick)
 Cleveland – Krietling 19 pass from Ryan (Groza kick)

Week 5 (Sunday October 13, 1963): St. Louis Cardinals

at Busch Stadium, St. Louis, Missouri

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 23,715
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 St. Louis – FG Bakken 44
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 45
 Pittsburgh – Mack 83 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 47
 Pittsburgh – Brown 1 run (Michaels kick)

Week 6 (Sunday October 20, 1963): Washington Redskins

at Pitt Stadium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 41,987
 Referee:
 TV announcers:
 Pittsburgh – Brown 1 run (Michaels kick)
 Washington – FG Khayat 49
 Pittsburgh – Hoak 8 run (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 9
 Washington – Snead 1 run (Khayat kick)
 Washington – James 36 pass from Snead (Khayat kick)
 Washington – James 5 run (Khayat kick)
 Pittsburgh – Hoak 1 run (Michaels kick)
 Washington – FG Khayat 15
 Pittsburgh – Haley 24 interception return (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 4 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)

Week 7 (Sunday October 27, 1963): Dallas Cowboys

at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 19,047
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Dallas – Clarke 5 pass from Meredith (Baker kick)
 Dallas – Folkins 35 pass from Meredith (Baker kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 83 pass from Browns (kick failed)
 Dallas – Howton 13 pass from Meredith (Baker kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 25 pass from Brown (Tracy kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 14 pass from Brown (Tracy kick)
 Pittsburgh – Mack 85 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)

Week 8 (Sunday November 3, 1963): Green Bay Packers

at Milwaukee County Stadium, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance:
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Pittsburgh – Hoak 2 run (Michaels kick)
 Green Bay – FG Kramer 23
 Green Bay – FG Kramer 36
 Green Bay – FG Kramer 12
 Green Bay – Taylor 1 run (Kramer kick)
 Green Bay – Pitts 2 run (Kramer kick)
 Green Bay – FG Kramer 37
 Pittsburgh – Mack 33 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Green Bay – Pitts 1 run (Kramer kick)

Week 9 (Sunday November 10, 1963): Cleveland Browns

at Pitt Stadium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 54,497
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Cleveland – Collins 4 pass from Ryan (Groza kick)
 Pittsburgh – Safety, Brown tackled by Schmitz in end zone
 Pittsburgh – Ballman 9 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)

Week 10 (Sunday November 17, 1963): Washington Redskins

at D.C. Stadium, Washington, DC

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 42,219
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Washington – Crabb 53 interception return (Khayat kick)
 Pittsburgh – Johnson 3 run (Michaels kick)
 Washington – Mitchell 19 pass from Snead (Khayat kick)
 Pittsburgh – Ballman 67 pass from Brown (Khayat kick)
 Pittsburgh – Johnson 1 run (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 27
 Washington – Mitchell 20 pass from Barnes (Khayat kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 18
 Washington – Richter 21 pass from Snead (Khayat kick)
 Pittsburgh – Ballman 92 kickoff return (Michaels kick)

Week 11 (Sunday November 24, 1963): Chicago Bears

at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 36,465
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Chicago – Galimore 1 run (Jencks kick)
 Pittsburgh – Hoak 6 run (Michaels kick)
 Chicago – Bull 1 run (Jencks kick)
 Pittsburgh – Curry 31 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 11
 Chicago – FG Leclerc 18

Week 12 (Sunday December 1, 1963): Philadelphia Eagles

at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 15,721
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 10
 Philadelphia – Retzlaff 24 pass from Hill (Clark kick)
 Philadelphia – Brown 14 run (Clark kick)
 Philadelphia – FG Clark 23
 Pittsburgh – Ballman 57 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Philadelphia – FG Clark 40
 Pittsburgh – Ballman 8 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 24

Week 13 (Sunday December 8, 1963): Dallas Cowboys

at Cotton Bowl, Dallas, Texas

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 24,136
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 Dallas – FG Baker 53
 Dallas – Meredith 2 run (kick failed)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 55 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – Carpenter 28 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 24
 Dallas – FG Baker 46
 Dallas – Meredith 4 run (Baker kick)
 Pittsburgh – Sapp 24 run (Michaels kick)

Week 14 (December 15, 1963): New York Giants

at Yankee Stadium, The Bronx, New York

 Game time:
 Game weather:
 Game attendance: 63,240
 Referee:
 TV announcers:

Scoring Drives:

 New York Giants – FG Chandler 34
 New York Giants – Shotner 41 pass from Tittle (kick failed)
 New York Giants – Morrison 3 pass from Tittle (Chandler kick)
 Pittsburgh – FG Michaels 27
 Pittsburgh – Ballman 21 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 New York Giants – Morrison 22 pass from Tittle (Chandler kick)
 New York Giants – Morrison 1 run (Chandler kick)
 Pittsburgh – Dial 40 pass from Brown (Michaels kick)
 New York Giants – FG Chandler 41

Standings

References

External links
 1963 Pittsburgh Steelers season at Profootballreference.com
 1963 Pittsburgh Steelers season statistics at jt-sw.com

Pittsburgh Steelers seasons
Pittsburgh Steelers
Pittsburgh Steel


21 Days (also known as 21 Days Together, The First and the Last and Three Weeks Together) is a 1940 British drama film based on the short 1919 play The First and the Last by John Galsworthy. It was directed by Basil Dean and stars Vivien Leigh, Laurence Olivier and Leslie Banks. The film was renamed 21 Days Together for the American market.

Plot
Larry Darrant, the black sheep of his family, returns home to London from an unsuccessful business venture in Kenya and embarks on an affair with a married woman, Wanda. When Wanda's long-absent husband, Henry, who is Russian, shows up, he tries to extort money from the lovers, and pulls a knife on Larry when he refuses to pay. In the ensuing fight Henry is accidentally killed when he strikes his head on the fire fender.

Larry places Henry's body in a quiet brick archway at Glove Lane. He then visits his brother Keith, a successful barrister hoping to soon become a judge, for advice. Keith tells Larry to leave the country for a while to avoid capture. In part Keith's motivation is to avoid the damage Larry's arrest would do to his own career.

However, Larry refuses to leave, and returns to the alley where he had left the body. There he encounters John Evan, a former minister turned tramp, who picks up bloody gloves that Larry has dropped in the street. When Evan is found with the gloves, he is arrested for Wallen's murder, and the police believe they have sufficient evidence for a conviction. Evan's sense of disgrace for robbing the dead body of a ring is such that he insists on his guilt.

When Larry learns of Evan's arrest, he considers himself a temporarily free man and decides to marry Wanda. Larry and Wanda try to compress 30 years of idyllic life into the course of just 21 days, as Larry plans to turn himself in to the police before Evan's trial begins. On the day when Evan is sentenced to hang, Keith begs his brother to remain silent and let the condemned man die. Larry, set on doing the right thing, refuses and leaves for the police station. He is stopped on the steps of the station by Wanda, chasing after him, who has learned that Evan died from a heart attack on his way to jail.

Cast

 Vivien Leigh as Wanda Wallen
 Laurence Olivier as Larry Darrant
 Leslie Banks as Keith Darrant
 Francis L. Sullivan as Mander
 David Horne as Beavis
 Hay Petrie as John Aloysius Evan
 William Dewhurst as the Lord Chief Justice
 Esme Percy as Henry Wallen
 Frederick Lloyd as Swinton
 Robert Newton as Tolly
 Victor Rietti as Antonio
 Morris Harvey as Pawnbroker Alexander MacPherson
 Elliott Mason as Frau Grunlich
 Arthur Young as Ascher
 Meinhart Maur as Carl Grunlich
 Andreas Malandrinos as Cafe Tyrol Waiter (uncredited)

Production
Producer Alexander Korda intended 21 Days to be a star vehicle for Vivien Leigh, but his constant interference caused great problems on the set. He rearranged shooting schedules and even added a sequence, and director Basil Dean reputedly never saw a rough cut or the finished product. The title change to 21 Days was attributed to Korda. Principal photography took place in 1937 at Denham Film Studios. Korda's younger brother Vincent Korda was the film's art director on and was responsible for the set design.

Following Vivien Leigh's star turn with her performance as Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939), Korda shelved 21 Days for two years before releasing it to Columbia Pictures.

Reception
In a review for The New York Times, critic Bosley Crowther wrote: "True, it is no deathless drama—is little more than a cultivated penny-thriller, in fact—and Miss Leigh, as the party of the second part, is required to devote her charm and talents to nothing more constructive than making the apparently inevitable parting from poor Mr. Olivier seem exceedingly painful, indeed. But it is a highly charged 'meller,' rigid throughout with suspense and nicely laced with much tender emotion."

References
Notes

Bibliography

 Walker, Alexander. Vivien: The Life of Vivien Leigh. New York: Grove Press, 1987. .

External links

Films based on works by John Galsworthy
1940 films
1940 drama films
British drama films
British black-and-white films
1940s English-language films
British films based on plays
Films directed by Basil Dean
London Films films
Films with screenplays by Graham Greene
Films produced by Alexander Korda
Columbia Pictures films
Films set in 1938
1940s British films


The Rise may refer to:
 The Rise (band), a five-piece American rock band
 The Rise (Futuristic album), 2015
 The Rise (Carl Riseley album), 2008
 The Rise (DJ Sammy album), 2005
"The Rise", a 2012 song by Charlotte Church from One
 The Rise (film), a 2012 British crime film
Pushpa: The Rise, a 2021 Indian film


Erythronium grandiflorum is a North American species of plants in the lily family. It is known by several common names, including yellow avalanche lily, glacier lily, and dogtooth fawn lily. The Ktunaxa name for glacier lily is maxa.

Description
Erythronium grandiflorum grows from a deep bulb (or corm) which is 3 to 5 centimeters wide. Its two green leaves are wavy-edged and up to 20 centimeters long. The stalk may reach 30 centimeters tall and bearss one to three showy flowers. Each flower has bright lemon yellow petals, white stamens with large white to yellow to red anthers, and a white style.

The Flora of North America recognizes two subspecies, the yellow-flowered subsp. grandiflorum and the white- to cream-flowered subsp. candidum. More recent publications consider subsp. candidum to be a distinct species, called Erythronium idahoense.

Distribution and habitat
It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta south to New Mexico and California, though it has not been reported from Arizona or Nevada. It can be found in subalpine mountain meadows, slopes, and clearings.

Ecology
The flower is pollinated by bumblebees and other bees. The bulbs are an important and preferred food of the grizzly bear. Mule deer readily eat the foliage.

After hummingbirds migrate 1,500 miles each year from Mexico to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado they collect energy from the nectar of the lilies, however, rising temperatures from global warming cause the flowers to bloom, and also to wither, earlier each year. As of 2023, the danger is foreseen that in 20 years the birds may arrive from their long migration to find their usually reliable nourishment unavailable because of premature withering.

Uses
The bulbs can be eaten cooked or raw to avoid starvation (though they can cause nausea this way). The leaves and flowers are also edible raw or cooked.

Gallery

References

External links
United States Department of Agriculture, National Forest Service, Index of Species Information
Calphotos Photo gallery
Northern Bushcraft

grandiflorum
Flora of Northern America
Plants described in 1814
Root vegetables


The 2005 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill as a member of Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 2005 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fifth-year head coach John Bunting, the Tar Heels played their home games at Kenan Memorial Stadium in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. North Carolina finished the season 5–6 overall and 4–4 in ACC play to place fourth in the Coastal Division.

Schedule

Coaching staff

Roster

Team statistics

References

North Carolina
North Carolina Tar Heels football seasons
North Carolina Tar Heels football


Incumbents

Federal government
President: Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
Chief Justice: Sheikh Anwarul Haq (until 25 March), Mohammad Haleem

Governors
Governor of Balochistan: Rahimuddin Khan
Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Fazle Haq
Governor of Punjab: Ghulam Jilani Khan
Governor of Sindh: S.M. Abbasi

Events

March
 2 March 1981 –  Pakistan International Airlines Flight 326 is hijacked by armed men belonging to Al-Zulfiqar. At the time, it was the longest hijacking in history.

See also
List of Pakistani films of 1981

References

Pakistan
Pakistan
1980s in Pakistan
Years of the 20th century in Pakistan


The Calling Live is the first DVD to be released by the Australian hip hop group Hilltop Hoods. It was released in 2005, two years after their breakthrough album The Calling was released. The DVD sees the Hilltop Hoods performing these songs live at a concert the group gave in their hometown of Adelaide, at Thebarton Theatre on 20 November 2004. Along with the concert, the DVD also includes interviews with the group as well as rare footage. As with their albums, the DVD was distributed by Obese Records.

Scene selection
 "Intro"
 "Dumb Enough"
 "Touring"
 "The Calling"
 "The Beginning"
 "Illusionary Lines"
 "Obese Records"
 "Testimonial Year"
 "The Making of Breathe"
 "The Sentinel"
 "Aussie Hip Hop"
 "Mic Felon"
 "Digital Music"
 "Laying Blame"
 "Cactus Garden Special"
 "The Nosebleed Section"
 "New Album"
 "Twilight"

Trivia
The performance begins with what seems to be an early version of "Recapturing The Vibe", which appears on their 2006 album The Hard Road. "The Making of Breathe" sees the group taking you behind the scenes to show a song is made. The song also appeared on The Hard Road.

Certification

References

External links
 Purchase "The Calling Live"

Hilltop Hoods video albums
Obese Records albums
2005 video albums


The Wattles Estate, originally known as Jualita, is a historic house and park in the Hollywood area of Los Angeles, California, United States. It was built in 1907 by wealthy Omaha, Nebraska, banker Gurdon Wattles as a winter home. Next to the Wattles Mansion are Wattles Park and Wattles Gardens, now administered by the City of Los Angeles and open to the public.

The estate has been recognized as "the only remaining intact example of the once plentiful Hollywood estates from the period preceding the film industry, when Hollywood was primarily agricultural and was a wintering home for wealthy Easterners and Midwesterners." According to the City of Los Angeles, "'Jualita' is one of the few remaining landscapes reminiscent of another era and tradition, possessing a genuine integrity of setting, design, workmanship, and association."

History
Noted local architects Myron Hunt and Elmer Grey designed the Mission Revival residence in 1907 with grounds featuring a Japanese garden, an Italian rose garden, a formal Spanish garden, a palm court, and orchards. It was one of Hollywood's first tourist attractions. Wattles was responsible for gradually transforming  of agricultural land into orchards, thematic gardens and naturalistic landscapes based on his trips to Japan and Mexico.

Prior to permanent residence in Los Angeles, Wattles headed the streetcar company in Omaha. His strike-breaking efforts contributed to four days of violence in the city in 1909. The attempt to unionize failed and many of the strikers had to seek work elsewhere, but the incident damaged Wattles' social standing and worsened relations between the city's rich and the general citizenry. A jury's refusal in 1906 to convict career criminal Pat Crowe for the kidnapping of Omaha packing house scion Edward Cudahy was widely seen as an expression of contempt for the city's ruling elite. Several millionaires fled the city, including the Cudahy family. With his civic reputation damaged, Wattles himself began to spend more time in Los Angeles after the strike and permanently relocated in 1920.

After Wattles' death in 1932, his wife, Julia Vance Wattles, and his son continued to live on the property. Gurdon Wallace Wattles Jr. negotiated the sale of the residence to the City of Los Angeles in 1965. In March of that year, the City of Los Angeles Board of Recreation and Parks Commission adopted Resolution 5135, designating the Wattles estate as an acquisition area, and purchased the property for $1,917,000 in June 1968.

Hollywood Heritage, a private nonprofit preservation organization, began restoration efforts in 1983, and the estate served as their headquarters until May 22, 2009, when control of the property reverted to the Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks. Over the first decade, volunteers with the Hollywood Heritage organization removed several feet of mud from the garden, replanted landscaping, and repainted and refinished the interior woodwork. Through their dedicated efforts, the Wattles Mansion was returned to its original state.

In 1993, the Wattles Mansion was designated as City of Los Angeles Cultural Monument No. 579. In 2000, the J. Paul Getty Trust donated $75,000 toward a Preserve L.A. planning project designed to further the site's preservation.

Wattles Mansion
The home is two stories with a full basement. The first-floor rooms include a paneled library, a formal dining room, a large living room with a picture window to the south gardens, two large bathrooms off the entrance hall, a servant's dining hall, and a kitchen and pantry. Five bedrooms and three baths are on the second floor.

Some of the original features in the Wattles Mansion include a black-and-white-checkerboard marble floor in the foyer, and intricately carved walnut bookcases and a hand-painted ceiling in the library. Hardwood moldings, white stucco walls, wood-beamed ceilings, and hardwood floors with Oriental carpets are found throughout the house. There is a terracotta tile terrace and a wide, sloping lawn. Brick landings on a wide stairway go down toward landscaped terraces on each side, with a Spanish balustraded patio overlooking  of formal gardens.

Wattles Farm
Once the avocado and fruit orchard of the Wattles Mansion, in 1975 a group of local residents converted a  section of the then-neglected Wattles estate into a community garden. Today, this members-only organic garden is among the oldest community gardens in Los Angeles. It is run by a nonprofit organization called the Wattles Farm and Neighborhood Gardeners Inc. in partnership with the Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks.

Wattles Park
Some of the gardens surrounding Wattles Mansion have been designated as Wattles Park. Gurdon Wattles met the original head gardener during his world travels in 1910, and retained him for the next 20 years until his death in 1930. Gurdon's concept for the gardens was influenced by trips to Mexico and Japan; he bought a tea house, shrines and lanterns from Japan for use in the gardens. Four gardens were eventually developed, with the first corresponding to the architecture of the house, the second Italian, the third American, and the fourth Japanese.

Today, Wattles Park occupies approximately  of a long narrow corridor of space that rises  from Hollywood Boulevard. The lower park is  in size and fronts on Hollywood Boulevard. The Wattles Mansion and formal garden area runs along the private roadway to the building. The early American garden area is directly behind the residence and was composed of rose and vegetable gardens. The Japanese teahouse along Curson Avenue was a gift to the City of Los Angeles from Nagoya, its sister city in Japan. The Japanese garden portion of the grounds was designed by Fugo, an influential landscape architect in Japan. All of the shrubs, plants, and vegetation were brought directly from Japan for the garden.

In the 1970s and 1980s, the park was popular among L.A.'s punk scene. In the 1980s and 1990s, crime at the park increased, with individuals using the tea house for drug sales and use. Vandalism and a couple of fires ruined the tea house, which has since been off limits to all visitors, and only a small portion of the tea house is still standing. Heavy flooding overflowed the small lake and stream, drying them up forever. Some of the palm trees had to be cut down. The place became unkempt as a result of the cutbacks, making it difficult to maintain the gardens. Graffiti was reported on the white columns and the Japanese entrance, as well as the outdoor temple, and the roof of the temple was removed. The park now has a sign warning of rattlesnakes in the area. Benches were removed as well.

Wattles Park has become popular with dog walkers.

Eviction notice
Hollywood Heritage was served an eviction notice in 2008 by the City of Los Angeles for failure to maintain the landmark and for throwing loud parties. Hollywood Heritage denied the allegations but ultimately agreed to vacate the mansion in May 2009.

Cultural references
Author Lucky McKee used the park as a backdrop in the novel May. The mansion was featured on the television series The O.C. and Buffy the Vampire Slayer ("Reptile Boy"), in the movie Troop Beverly Hills, and the sanatorium scenes in the film Rain Man were shot there as well. It was also featured in Jennifer Lopez's first film, My Family. Wattles was also used extensively for the 1985 movie Ghoulies and for the Diana Ross music video "Eaten Alive". The park was used for many scenes in the 1984 film The Lost Empire directed by Jim Wynorski. Portions of the Nirvana music video for "Come as You Are," directed by Kevin Kerslake, were filmed at the park in 1992.

See also
 History of Hollywood, California
 Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in Hollywood

References

External links
 Wattles Mansion and Gardens
 Wattles Farm and Neighborhood Garden

Buildings and structures in Hollywood, Los Angeles
Gardens in California
Parks in Los Angeles
Community gardening in California
Culture of Hollywood, Los Angeles
Houses completed in 1907
Houses in Los Angeles
Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments
Elmer Grey buildings
Myron Hunt buildings
Mediterranean Revival architecture in California
Mission Revival architecture in California
1907 establishments in California


Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway Class L-1 was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives built in 1889 by Schenectady Locomotive Works.

References

L-1
4-4-0 locomotives
Schenectady Locomotive Works locomotives
Steam locomotives of the United States
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1889


Waubojeeg, also written Waabojiig or other variants in Ojibwe, "White Fisher" (c. 1747–1793) was a warrior and chief of the Ojibwe people. He was born into the Adik (caribou) doodem (clan), some time in the mid-18th century near Zhaagawaamikong on the western end of Lake Superior. His father Mamongazeda ("King of the Loons") was also a noted warrior, who fought for the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. Although Waabojiig's family had intermarried with the Dakota people during times of peace, and he had several Dakota relatives, including the famous chief Wapasha I, he fought in several battles against the Dakota and Meskwaki during his lifetime. His children, notably his son Weshkii ("the renewer") and his daughter Ozhaguscodaywayquay, became prominent in the Sault Ste. Marie area, a major fur trading post.

Waubojeeg distrusted white men because of their encroachment on Native territory. When John Johnston, a young Scots-Irish fur trader, fell in love with his daughter, Ozhaguscodaywayquay, and asked the chief to be allowed to marry her, Waubojeeg at first refused.

While a respected warrior, Waubojeeg was also known for his poetry. He created "Waubojeeg's Battle Song", which his son-in-law John Johnston translated into English:
"On that day when our heroes lay low, lay low,
On that day when our heroes lay low
I fought by their side, and thought, ere I died,
Just vengeance to take on the foe,
Just vengeance to take on the foe.

On that day, when our chieftains lay dead, lay dead,
On that day, when our chieftains lay dead,
I fought hand to hand at the head of my band,
And here on my breast have I bled, have I bled,
And here on my breast have I bled.

Our chiefs shall return no more, no more,
Our chiefs shall return no more -
Nor their brethren of war, who can show scar for scar,
Like women their fates shall deplore, deplore,
Like women their fates shall deplore.

Five winters in hunting we'll spend, we'll spend,
Five winters in hunting we'll spend,
Till our youth, grown to men, we'll to the war lead again,
And our days like our fathers' will end, will end,
And our days like our fathers' will end.''

References

1740s births
1793 deaths
Native American leaders
Ojibwe people


Nature of America is a series of twelve self-adhesive stamp sheets that the United States Postal Service released annually between 1999 and 2010 starting with the Sonoran Desert sheet and ending with the Hawaiian Rain Forest Sheet. Like the Celebrate the Century stamp series, these were printed on large sheets 9"x8¾" (233mm x 171mm), but differed from the former in that they were self adhesive and not gummed.

Design process
The sheets were designed by Ethel Kessler and illustrated by artist John D. Dawson for the USPS. The original idea for the series, conceived 1996, was for a set of four American desert stamps.  This was inspired by the success of Desert Plants commemorative stamps released in 1981. Artist John D. Dawson was recommended by art director Howard Paine and selected for the illustration of these four stamps. Paine had worked with Dawson on three previous USPS issues: American Cats (1988), Idaho Statehood (1990), and Flowering Trees (1998). From four stamps the idea expanded into a proposed  set of six stamp sheets covering six ecosystems. After the commercial success of the first sheets the USPS decided to extend the series by six more ecosystems from the Sonoran Desert to the Hawaiian Rain Forest.

The design team drew inspiration from The World of Dinosaurs two-sheet issue of 1997. These sheets were panoramic in design with punched perforations on a gummed sheet. Since the punched perforations would distract the visual continuity of the design, the team decided to go for the self-adhesive format with serpentine die cutting for the individual stamps. Each sheet consisted of a large panoramic image of a U.S. geographical region, with the region's flora and fauna clearly visible. Ten stamps were die cut on to the design, each composing one or more species indigenous to the depicted region. The rear of sheet had a brief descriptive text of the stamp images, accompanied with a graphic outline of the stamp images. The flora and fauna depicted were identified and labelled.

The sheets
Starting with the Sonoran Desert sheet, the USPS issued a total of twelve sheets in the series. The sheets issued along with date and place of issue denomination and printer:

References and sources
References

Sources
 USPS News Releases
 Nature of America - US stamp sheets

Postage stamps of the United States


Naturism is a lifestyle and cultural movement advocating social nudity.

Naturism may also refer to:
 Naturalism (philosophy), the idea that only natural laws operate in the universe (see also Metaphysical naturalism)
 Nature worship, the religious and devotional practices that focus on natural phenomena
 , a late 19th-century French literary movement

See also
 Naturalism (disambiguation)


The House of Maghalashvili (Magalashvili; ) or Maghaladze (Magaladze, მაღალაძე) is a Georgian noble family; according to Cyril Toumanoff, an offshoot of the medieval house of Mkhargrdzeli. The surname Maghalashvili is a combination of Maghala (which means tall or "Great" in Greek language) and shvili (meaning "son" in Georgian language).

Bibiluridze
According to Georgian genealogic tradition of Prince Ioann (1768–1830), the Maghalashvili came from Imereti (western Georgia) to Kartli (central Georgia) in 1415, in the reign of Alexander I of Georgia, who granted them an estate at the village of Tsinarekhi in Shida Kartli. An 18th century Georgian Orthodox Christian monastery, named the Maghalashvili or Maghalaanti Castle complex, was also built in their name, located on a hill outside of Tsinarekhi.

By the end of the 17th century, the family had been bestowed with the hereditary office of Mayors of the Palace (Georgian: სახლთუხუცესი, saxlt'-uxuc'esi) of the Church of Georgia. In 1701, the Georgian king Erekle I (Nazar Alī Khān) elevated the Maghalashvili to a princely rank or tavadi. After Russian annexation of Georgia, the family was incorporated among the princely nobility (knyaz Magalov; ) of the empire in 1825.

Tsinarekhi and the Maghalashvili monastery
in the reign of Alexander I of Georgia the Maghalashvilis were granted an estate in the village of Tsinarekhi located in the Shida Kartli region of Georgia (country). The family was given several pieces of farmland property in the village. in 1716 the construction of the Maghalshvili castle complex or Maghalashvili monastery began, the monastery was built as a Georgian Orthodox Church or monastery where monks and priests prayed. the monastery was built on a small hill beside a field and the kavtura river about 2 kilometres away from Tsinarekhi. A watchtower entrance with a large wooden door was built in the front with a wall going around the monastery, behind the entrance is another watchtower and a small basement entrance on the left side for the watchtower. the inside of the main building was painted depicting Georgian christian saints and a graveyard was built beside the building.

See also
Tsinarekhi
Nikita Magaloff
Simon Magalashvili, Israeli Olympic judoka

References

External links

Georgian-language surnames
Noble families of Georgia (country)
Russian noble families