The  San Diego Chargers season was the franchise's 32nd season in the National Football League (NFL) and the 42nd overall  and the third and final season under head coach Mike Riley. The team improved on their 1–15 record in 2000 to finish 5–11 but missed the playoffs for the 6th straight year. It was Mike Riley's final season as the team's head coach. At the end of the season running back LaDainian Tomlinson won the Offensive Rookie of the Year award. Despite finishing 5–11 after losing their final nine games of the season, eight of the Chargers' losses were by less than a touchdown, five of them were by three points, and three of them were by ten points.

Offseason

Becoming the "Bills West"

In December 2000, Buffalo Bills owner Ralph Wilson fired his general manager, John Butler, and his entire staff. The Chargers immediately signed Butler, and within weeks, Butler had cut several players from the roster including quarterback Ryan Leaf, and lured several recognizable names from the 2000 Bills team: defensive end Marcellus Wiley, linebackers Sam Rogers and John Holecek, kicker Steve Christie and most notably, quarterback Doug Flutie, who had been cut by the Bills in a bitter quarterback controversy involving Rob Johnson. With so many former Bills connections, the team was often referred to as the "Bills West". (See also the 1995 Carolina Panthers season, in which Bill Polian brought several Bills contributors from the team's Super Bowl era to Carolina in its inaugural year of play.)

As such, the October 28 matchup between the Bills and Chargers in San Diego was heavily promoted as a dual grudge match, not just between Johnson and Flutie, but also between Wilson and Butler, with Wilson having been quoted as wanting to win the Chargers game more than the Super Bowl. Despite the fact that the Bills were having a very bad season, and the Chargers' fortunes (at the time) had turned significantly, the game was very competitive, coming down to the final minutes play. Trailing 24–20, Flutie scrambled 13 yards to put the Chargers up 27–24; when kicker Jake Arians attempted a 44-yard field goal to tie the game, it was blocked. The Chargers, then 5–2, would not win another game the entire season, going 0–9 in the remaining nine games.

NFL Draft
Michael Vick was selected in the 2001 NFL Draft as the first overall pick and first African American quarterback taken number 1 in the NFL Draft. The San Diego Chargers had the number one selection spot in the draft that year but traded the rights to the first overall choice to the Atlanta Falcons a day before the draft, for which they received the Falcons' first round pick (5th overall) and third round pick in 2001 (used to draft CB Tay Cody), a second round pick in 2002 (used to draft WR Reche Caldwell) and WR/KR Tim Dwight. With the Chargers' downgraded spot (the 5th overall), they selected Texas Christian University running back LaDainian Tomlinson, who went on to become league MVP in 2006. Although Vick has never become league MVP, he finished second in voting in 2004. In this way, Tomlinson and Vick are linked as having been "traded" for each other, although the transaction was actually the result of traded draft picks and contract negotiations. The Chargers' other notable draft pick was Drew Brees, who would eventually win Super Bowl XLIV as a member of the Saints.

Personnel

Staff

Roster

Preseason

Regular season

Schedule

Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.

Game summaries

Week 1: vs. Washington Redskins

Both teams opened with a three-and-out. When Washington punted, Dwight took the ball at his own 16 and profited from good blocking as he wove to the left sideline and completed an 84-yard touchdown without being touched. Dwight and Conway caught passes of 17 and 24 yards from Flutie on back-to-back plays on the next Charger drive, setting up a field goal. When Tomlinson scored his first career touchdown after a short drive in the 2nd quarter, it was 17–0 without Washington having crossed midfield. They did reach a 1st and 10 at the Charger 46 on the following drive, but Jeff George's long pass was then intercepted in the end zone by Alex Molden. Richey's second field goal was set up by a 15-yard Dwight punt return.

Five of the first eight possessions after halftime resulted in turnovers. John Parrella recovered a George fumble in Washington territory, but Flutie was intercepted three plays later. After three punts, Tomlinson fumbled in his own territory, and Washington reached the San Diego 1 yard line before Seau forced a fumble that Rodney Harrison recovered. Two plays later, Conway lost a fumble, setting up the only Washington points of the game. The Chargers responded with Richey's third field goal on their next drive and concluded the scoring when Dwight drew a 34-yard defensive pass interference penalty in the end zone, and Tomlinson scored again two plays later.

The San Diego defense gave up 161 yards, which would be comfortably their best total of the season; both teams committed four turnovers.. Tomlinson's 36 carries were tied for the third-most in Charger history at the time, while his 113 yards rushing yards remain a record for a Charger on debut . Both teams' head coaches (Riley and Marty Schottenheimer) would be sacked at the end of the season, with Schottenheimer taking over the San Diego job.

Week 2: at Dallas Cowboys

Jamal Williams recovered a mishandled snap at the Dallas 38 on the game's second play. The Cowboys extended the ensuing Charger drive with a penalty on a successful Richey field goal, and Flutie converted 3rd downs with completions to Dwight and Freddie Jones, the latter for a touchdown. After a Dallas three-and-out and a short punt, San Diego again took over in opposition territory, and Flutie again converted two 3rd downs, this time with completions to Graham, and Conway for the touchdown. McNeil intercepted Anthony Wright late in the 1st quarter and lateralled to Harrison, who ran the ball back to the Dallas 43; this time the Chargers added a field goal to lead 17–0 after three possessions each. The Charger defense were beaten by a deep pass on the game's following play, Rocket Ismail catching Wright's pass at the San Diego 25 en route to an 80-yard touchdown. San Diego almost returned the favor later in the half – on 3rd and 4 at the Charger 15, Dwight caught Flutie's pass over the middle at the Dallas 45 and reached the 7 yard line before being tackled for a gain of 78. The Chargers had to settle for another field goal, and Dallas pulled back within six points on their following drive.

Graham gained 34 yards on a flea-flicker on the opening play of the second half, but Tomlinson lost a fumble the play after. The Cowboys were forced to punt, and San Diego drove for another touchdown, Dwight taking an end-around to the left and dodging between tacklers near the sideline before completing a 16-yard touchdown. Conway's 36-yard catch was the biggest play on the drive for Richey's third field goal, after which Wright threw his third touchdown with nine minutes to play. Leading by eight points, San Diego then took six minutes off the clock, but Richey was wide right from 43 yards with a chance to make the game safe. Dallas advanced to their own 43 before McNeil made his second interception of the game and returned the ball 33 yards to the Dallas 34. San Diego had one more scare when Tomlinson fumbled again, but Kendyl Jacox recovered, and Richey hit the clinching field goal soon afterwards.

San Diego dominated several statistical categories, with 475 offensive yards to 289, 5 takeaways to 1, and 26 first downs to 14. Their time of possession was a second short of 38 minutes. The 475 yards of offense were the highest for San Diego since 1986.

Week 3: vs. Cincinnati Bengals

McNeil intercepted Jon Kitna late in the 1st quarter, leading to a Richey field goal that was wide left from 38 yards. Seau produced another interception two plays later, this time leading to a touchdown; Flutie enjoyed excellent protection before finding Conway ahead of his markers in the end zone. Cincinnati levelled the score shortly before halftime with Chad Johnson's first career touchdown catch.

After both teams punted on their first possession of the second half, Graham got the Chargers over midfield with a 28-yard catch on 3rd and 7, leading to Tomlinson's first touchdown. Harrison forced a Corey Dillon fumble on the next play from scrimmage, with Rogers Beckett recovering. Tomlinson started the ensuing drive with back-to-back carries of 10 and 13 yards, and finished it by going around left end for another touchdown. Cincinnati went three-and-out, and Tomlinson had gains of 23, 19, 4 and 3 yards, the last of these for his third touchdown in as many possessions. The Bengals were able to recover an onside kick after their late touchdown, but McNeil intercepted Kitna again on the next play.

It was McNeil's fifth interception of the season, leading the league at that point. Tomlinson was the first Charger to rush for three touchdowns since Natrone Means in 1994.

Week 4: at Cleveland Browns

With the score at 3–3 midway through the 2nd quarter, Cleveland faced a 3rd and 17 at their own 7. The Browns gained only 14 yards, but a face mask penalty on Alex Molden prolonged the drive, which eventually ended with a touchdown shortly before halftime.

On the first play of the 3rd quarter, Tomlinson started to the left but cut back to the right and broke free for a 54-yard gain. Conway caught a 17-yard pass on the next play, then Tomlinson scored from the 2. Cleveland kicker Phil Dawson missed a 48-yard field goal late in the quarter, and the Chargers converted three 3rd downs before Tomlinson's 17-yard run brought up a 1st and goal at the 1. They were driven back two yards and had to settle for a field goal. On the next play from scrimmage, Seau forced a fumble that Orlando Ruff recovered, setting up Richey's third field goal. Dawson pulled his team within three points on the following drive, and San Diego went three-and-out. Tim Couch converted two 3rd downs to Kevin Johnson on the following drive, the latter for the game-winning touchdown with 75 seconds to play. On the game's final drive, Flutie scrambled for 11 yards on 4th and 10, then completed two passes for 27 further yards. That brought the Chargers to the Cleveland 45, from where Flutie threw two incompletions into the end zone to end the game.

Tomlinson's third 100-yard game left him the league-leader in both rushing yards (412) and rushing touchdowns (6). He had already surpassed the 384 yards with which Fletcher led the team the previous season.

Week 5: at New England Patriots

Trailing 3–0 late in the opening quarter, San Diego reached a 3rd and goal at the 1, but Tomlinson was stopped for a loss of 2 yards, and they settled for a game-tying field goal. Richey missed a 36-yard kick on their next possession. After New England scored the game's first touchdown, San Diego reached a 3rd and 3 and the Patriots 9, but Flutie threw incomplete and they again took a field goal. New England also missed scoring chances in the first half, with Adam Vinatieri failing on both an extra point attempt and a 44-yard field goal as the half ended.

Jenkins returned the opening kickoff 51 yards to the New England 37, but Tomlinson lost a fumble two plays later. The Chargers faced a 3rd and 13 on their own 24 on their next drive, which Flutie converted by finding Conway along the left sideline for a 56-yard completion. This was followed by a 19-yard Conway catch and a 1-yard Tomlinson touchdown on the next two plays. New England responded with a touchdown, but Dwight later gave his offense excellent starting field position with a 26-yard punt return to the opposition 34. That led to Steve Heiden's touchdown, but the Charger lead remained at three points after Bennett mishandled the snap on the extra point attempt. San Diego extended their lead when Patriots punter Lee Johnson tried to dodge Derrick Harris instead of attempting a punt. Harris forced a fumble that he returned for a touchdown himself. New England tied the score with ten points in the final four minutes. First, Antowain Smith gained 5 yards on 4th and 2 midway through a field goal drive then, after Tomlinson was stopped for no gain on a 3rd and 1, they drove 60 yards for a touchdown.

San Diego took over at their own 23 with 31 seconds to play. Tomlinson gained 14 yards, and they called their final timeout. Conway was then tackled just in bounds on a 24-yard reception. Flutie attempted to spike the ball with a second left; after official review, he was ruled to have fumbled while doing so. New England had recovered the ball, but San Diego maintained possession because the whistle had been blown before the recovery. Nonetheless, they lost 2 yards, as the ball was re-spotted where it had landed, and Richey was just short on a 59-yard attempted game-winner. The Chargers received the ball in overtime, but went three-and-out. Molden's 37-yard pass interference penalty helped set up Vinatieri's game-winner.

Week 6: vs. Denver Broncos

Jenkins put the Chargers ahead to stay when he returned the opening kickoff 88 yards for a touchdown, breaking a single tackle at the Charger 25. After two punts each, McNeil intercepted Brian Griese; the Chargers drove into Denver territory, but Fletcher lost a fumble at the 17. After Denver went three-and-out, Conway gained 28 yards on a double reverse bringing up 1st and goal from the 2. San Diego were unable to reach the end zone, and Richey kicked his first field goal; he added another on the following drive. After Denver got on the scoreboard in the final minute of the first half, Flutie completed four consecutive passes for 39 yards, but was then intercepted on 1st and goal from the 6.

Denver continued their momentum into the second half, drawing within three points with a field goal then forcing a punt. Two plays later, Zeke Moreno forced a fumble that Jason Perry recovered at Denver's 33, setting up Graham's first touchdown. In the final quarter, Wiley deflected a pass that Al Fontenot intercepted. This again set San Diego up in Denver territory, and they once more converted the opportunity with a Graham touchdown. A missed 42-yard field goal by Jason Elam on the following drive effectively made the game safe.

Week 7: vs. Buffalo Bills

Tomlinson gained 20 yards on the game's first play, and Conway converted 3rd downs with 18- and 16-yard receptions, eventually leading to a field goal. On San Diego's second drive, they reached a 1st and goal at the 1 before losing a yard on two running plays. Flutie then threw incomplete to Graham, but Buffalo were flagged for defensive pass interference, giving the Chargers a fresh set of downs. Jones' touchdown catch came on the next play. Riley sacked Rob Johnson soon afterwards, with Leonardo Carson recovering at the Buffalo 20. The Chargers reached 2nd and goal at the 1, but Tomlinson was stopped twice and Richey added another field goal. The Bills responded midway through the 2nd quarter when Johnson found Peerless Price for 46 yards, and scored himself on the next play. Richey wide right missed from 36 yards, and Bills kicker Jake Arians made a 41-yard field goal as the half ended.

The best scoring chance of the 3rd quarter ended when Arians was short on a 45-yard attempt. In the final period, Perry intercepted an underthrown Johnson pass and returned it 47 yards down the sideline for a touchdown. Johnson bounced back on the next play from scrimmage, finding Price open up the right sideline for a 61-yard touchdown. After Richey was wide right again, this time from 41 yards, the Bills began their go-ahead drive with 6:36 to play. Johnson ran for 6 yards on 3rd and 6, Eric Moulds caught a deflected pass for 31 yards on 3rd and 5, and McNeil committed defensive holding after the Chargers stopped Johnson short on 3rd and goal from the 10. Buffalo took their first lead of the game on the following play, with 90 seconds left. It took the Chargers only 20 seconds to respond: Jenkins returned the kickoff 72 yards to the Buffalo 26, an unsportsmanlike conduct penalty moved the ball to the 13, and Flutie dodged a sack before scrambling up the middle for the winning touchdown. Johnson was able to position Arians for a 44-yard game-tying attempt, but it was blocked by Ed Ellis with 7 seconds left.

Week 8: vs. Kansas City Chiefs

On their first drive, San Diego reached a 3rd and 7 on the Chiefs 44 before Flutie was intercepted; the ball was run back to the Charger 33, leading to a field goal. The Chargers then went three-and-out, with Bennett's punt only going 26 yards. Priest Holmes had back-to-back runs of 26 and 21 yards as Kansas City drove for their first touchdown, though Parrella blocked the extra point. In the 2nd quarter, San Diego drove as far as the Chiefs 15 before losing yardage on three straight plays, including an 11-yard sack that knocked Flutie out of the game with a concussion. Richey then missed a field goal from 49 yards and, after being given another chance due to a Chiefs penalty, missed from 43 yards as well. After another Kansas City touchdown, Brees entered the game for his first NFL action, but was sacked the first time he dropped back to pass. Kansas City added another field goal for a 19–0 halftime lead.

Cody intercepted Trent Green early in the 3rd quarter, and Brees led four consecutive scoring drives. Firstly, he converted a 4th and 3 with a 6-yard pass to Conway, setting up Richey's first field goal. A Wiley sack of Green pushed Kansas City out of field goal range on the next drive, and Graham's 40-yard catch was the biggest play of an 89-yard drive that featured no 3rd-down conversions and ended with Tomlinson's touchdown run. Next, Graham's 20-yard catch positioned Richey for another field goal. Finally, San Diego moved from their own 11 to a 3rd and 10 at their own 40, from where Brees threw completions on three straight plays: 14 and 26 yards to Conway, then a 20-yard touchdown to Jones in the front of the end zone. Behind for the first time, Kansas City responded immediately, their game-winning touchdown drive draining San Diego's last two timeouts and leaving only 86 seconds to respond. Aided by a personal foul penalty, the Chargers reached Kansas City's 41 with 13 seconds left. Brees then scrambled as far as the 28, but couldn't reach the sidelines to stop the clock. His attempt at a lateral went forwards with 2 seconds left, counting as an illegal forward pass and causing the final seconds to be run off the clock as a penalty.

Brees would later hold the NFL career record for most touchdown passes; Jones caught the first of the 571 touchdowns he would throw during his career. Holmes' 181 rushing yards were the most in any game against the Chargers up to that point.

Week 9: at Denver Broncos

San Diego failed to cross midfield on any of their first three possessions, punting each time while Denver scored two field goals. The Chargers did manage to reach opposition territory on their next drive, but Flutie was sacked for a loss of 18 on 3rd down. Denver then drove for Griese's first touchdown pass; 39 seconds later he had a second, after Flutie was intercepted deep in Charger territory.

Chargers kick returner Reggie Jones fumbled a punt return early in the 3rd quarter, leading to a Broncos field goal; he then returned the kickoff 74 yards; setting up a Charger field goal. After a fourth Denver field goal, the Broncos led 26–3. San Diego managed their first touchdown on the first play of the 4th quarter, with Conway taking advantage of blown coverage downfield for an easy 72-yard touchdown. On the following Denver drive, Griese fumbled under pressure from Gerald Dixon, with Raylee Johnson recovering and returning the ball 45 yards for an easy touchdown. Fletcher was stopped short on the two-point conversion attempt, leaving the Chargers two scores behind. They got no closer, with Flutie throwing interceptions on their next three drives.

The Chargers gained a season-low 9 first downs. Flutie's 4 interceptions would prove to be the most of his career.

Week 10: at Oakland Raiders

After the Raiders scored on the game's opening drive, San Diego responded on the next play – Conway took a reverse to the left, then worked his way back around to the right while profiting from several key blocks, eventually completing a 67-yard touchdown. San Diego failed to cross the Raider 40 on their next five possessions, all punts, and trailed to a Jerry Rice touchdown at halftime.

Jenkins returned the second-half kickoff for 67 yards before Raiders kicker Sebastian Janikowski tackled him at the Raider 25. Despite the ensuing drive being prolonged by a Raider penalty on a 3rd down play, San Diego had to settle for a short Richey field goal. McNeil stopped the next Raider drive by intercepting a deep Rich Gannon pass near the goal line, but San Diego went three-and-out, and Oakland soon added a Janikowski field goal. Jenkins returned the next kickoff 93 yards for a touchdown, his second of the season. Zack Crockett converted a 4th and 1 on the following drive, which ended with Rice's second touchdown. Flutie began San Diego's response with completions of 22 and 10 yards to Conway, before finding Graham for 16 yards on a 3rd and 9. Tomlinson finished the drive by going through the line for a touchdown on 3rd and goal from the 1. Each side then punted once before the Raiders drove for Rice's third and game-winning touchdown. Flutie soon fumbled on a 3rd and 7 from his own 33, and Oakland added a field goal to clinch the win.

Raylee Johnson had 3 of the Chargers' 4 sacks. Jenkins returned 6 kickoffs for 250 yards and a touchdown; , this remains a franchise record for kickoff return yardage in a single game.

Week 11: vs. Arizona Cardinals

On their second possession of the game, San Diego opted to try a field goal on 4th and 1 from the Arizona 8, but Richey missed from 25 yards out. Dixon intercepted Jake Plummer three plays later, and Richey made his second attempt after the offense could only gain 8 yards. Their next possession covered 66 yards in 15 plays, featuring three 3rd-down conversions, but produced no points after Richey missed again, from 27 yards. Arizona responded with an 80-yard touchdown drive, and led 7–3 at halftime.

Arizona reached a 3rd and goal at the 1 on the opening drive of the second half, but Seau and Johnson stopped Michael Pittman short of the end zone and the Cardinals settled for a chip shot Bill Gramatica field goal. A Tomlinson fumble then gave Arizona the ball at the San Diego 36. Pittman converted a 4th and 1, but Perry intercepted a tipped pass at his own 1. On the ensuing 99-yard touchdown drive, Flutie completed 11 of 11 passes for 111 yards, converting three 3rd downs and finding Conway for the game-tying touchdown. When Arizona retook the lead in the final quarter, Flutie responded with completions of 26 yards to Trevor Gaylor and 28 yards to Graham, the latter for a touchdown on the first play after the two minute warning. The Cardinals reached a 3rd and 1 at the Charger 35, which Plummer converted with a 13-yard pass to David Boston. This enabled the Cardinals to run all but a second off the clock, with Gramatica kicking the game-winner from 42 yards.

As well as his 21 carries for 75 yards, Tomlinson caught 13 passes for 72 yards. The 13 receptions set a new record for a Chargers running back. The Chargers lost despite holding the ball for over 34 minutes, outgaining the Cardinals by 392 yards to 298, and creating two of the game's three takeaways. After this game, San Diego signed Steve Christie as their main field goal kicker.

Week 12: at Seattle Seahawks

Tomlinson opened the game with carries of 10 and 19 yards, but the Chargers' drive stalled and they were forced to punt. Seattle then drove 72 yards to their lone touchdown of the day. In the 2nd quarter, San Diego reached a 3rd and 1 at the Seattle 8, but Tomlinson was stopped for no gain, and Christie came in to convert his first field goal as a Charger. Dwight had catches on three consecutive plays on their next possession, covering 40 yards and positioning Richey for a 53-yard attempt, which he missed wide left 11 seconds before halftime.

San Diego took the lead with a touchdown drive midway through the 3rd quarter. Flutie completed consecutive 15-yard passes to Conway and Tomlinson, before Tomlinson barely crossed the goal line on 3rd and goal from the 1. After Seattle tied the score, the Chargers reached a 2nd and 4 at the Seahawks 19, but a Flutie pass was deflected and intercepted. On their following drive they faced 3rd and 6 at the Seahawks 42. Graham caught an 8-yard pass, but fumbled and Seattle recovered. Seahawks kicker Ryan Lindell missed a 43-yard field goal on the next drive and, following a Chargers three-and-out, missed a 48-yard kick as time expired in regulation. However, he got a third chance after Seattle won the overtime coin toss, winning the game from 24 yards out.

Both teams entered the game having lost seven consecutive overtime times in games that went to overtime. , the Chargers' eight straight overtime loss represents the second-worst such run in NFL history, behind the New England Patriots with ten consecutive from 1977 to 1987.

Week 13: at Philadelphia Eagles

Philadelphia opened the scoring on their first possession of the game, but San Diego quickly tied the score. Graham converted a 3rd and 10 with a 16-yard catch, then scored a 61-yard touchdown on a 3rd and 9. Graham jumped and reached over the shoulders of defensive back Troy Vincent for an underthrown ball, bobbling it briefly before completing the catch at the Philadelphia 40 and racing into the end zone. Later in the opening quarter, Dwight took a pass in the left flat for 29 yards; two plays later, San Diego had a 3rd and 1 at the Eagles 38. Tomlinson then fumbled while trying to make a cut, with Brian Dawkins recovering and scoring when Tomlinson could not make the tackle. Two further Charger drives that crossed midfield ended with a Flutie interception and a missed 34-yard field goal by Christie. After Philadelphia extended their lead late in the half, San Diego were able to respond in less than a minute. Flutie completed 4 of 6 passes for 60 yards on the drive, including a 29-yard connection with Conway and a 10-yard touchdown to Graham.

While San Diego's defense kept Philadelphia out of the end zone in the second half, the offense struggled, failing to cross midfield on any of their first six possessions. The fifth of these ended when Flutie lost a fumble while scrambling for a first down, leading to a Philadelphia field goal. The Chargers did manage a longer drive late in the game starting from their own 4 yard line and advancing over midfield with back-to-back Jones catches of 34 and 20 yards. The drive stalled at the Philadelphia 19, and Christie missed a 37-yard field goal to effectively decide the game.

Tomlinson passed the 1,000-yard rushing milestone during the game. He was the first Charger to do so since Natrone Means in 1994, and the first Charger rookie since Don Woods in 1974.

Week 14: vs. Oakland Raiders

Oakland reached the San Diego 1 yard line in the opening quarter, but settled for a field goal after Gannon threw incomplete on 3rd and goal. In response, the Chargers converted three 3rd downs before their drive stalled at the Oakland 11 and Christie tied the score. All other drives in the first half ended with punts.

Flutie opened the second half by completing his first four passes for 55 yards, guiding the Chargers to a 2nd and 8 at the 11. His next pass, however, was thrown into the arms of defensive lineman Darrell Russell for an interception. Oakland drove 88 yards the other way, and Rice beat Beckett to score his fourth touchdown in two games against the Chargers. Two plays later, a Flutie pass deflected off Conway and was intercepted, but the Chargers got the ball back soon afterwards when Beckett forced a fumble and Johnson recovered. The ensuing drive was extended when Tim Brown muffed a Bennett punt and Jenkins recovered at the Oakland 15, though the Chargers could only capitalize with another field goal. Harrison intercepted a deflected pass, and Flutie converted a 4th and 1 with a 5-yard pass to Conway. The Chargers reached 2nd and goal from the 2 with six minutes to play before Flutie was intercepted for a third time. Oakland drained the last Charger timeout and all but 67 seconds of the clock before Janikowski's second field goal. Jenkins returned the ensuing kickoff 38 yards, and a 34-yard catch and run by Conway had the Chargers at the Oakland 24. After two plays gained one yard, Flutie overthrew Graham in the end zone, then Graham dropped his 4th-down pass inside the 10 with 15 seconds to play.

Week 15: at Kansas City Chiefs

On the game's opening drive, Trent Green converted three 3rd down situations with completions to Snoop Minnis, and a fourth with a touchdown to Jason Dunn. San Diego responded with Tomlinson's 34-yard run around right end setting up Jones' touchdown catch. Beckett intercepted Green on the next play, and Tomlinson had back-to-back gains of 10 and 22 yards to move the Chargers across midfield, but they eventually punted from the Chiefs' 36 yard line. The closest either team came to scoring for the rest of the half was a missed 41-yard field goal by Kansas City kicker Todd Peterson.

Kansas City retook the lead with a 3rd quarter field goal. Following an exchange of punts, San Diego drove to a 2nd and goal from the 4, whereupon Conway was ruled to have caught a Flutie pass out of bounds; the call was reversed to a touchdown on official review. Following another Peterson field goal, Conway converted a 3rd and 26 with a 27-yard catch, eventually leading to a 46-yard field goal that Richey missed wide left. McNeil intercepted Green on the following play, and a 27-yard catch by Trevor Gaylor moved the Chargers back into Chiefs territory, and Christie extended their lead with a 27-yard field goal five minutes from time. Green and Minnis combined for 21 yards on 3rd and 4 as Kansas City drove inside the San Diego 10 yard line. A controversial play then followed, as Green was intercepted by Leonardo Carson, but the Chiefs retained the ball when Harrison was judged to have struck Green with a forearm after he threw, counting as roughing the passer. Tony Richardson scored the winning touchdown three plays later. The game ended with a Charger false start penalty on their own 29 yard line, causing a ten-second runoff.

Week 16: vs. Seattle Seahawks

Conway opened the scoring four plays after Jeff Feagles shanked a 13-yard punt for Seattle, then set up a field goal with a 38-yard catch, made while drawing a defensive pass interference flag. Conway had 21- and 18-yard catches on the following drive, but had an 11-yard touchdown ruled out when he was judged to have stepped out of bounds prior to making the catch; the Chargers settled for another field goal, and a 13–0 lead. Trent Dilfer and Darrell Jackson turned the game around by combining for two similar touchdowns in the space of five minutes, with Jackson beating McNeil for catches 45 yards up the left sideline both times.

In the second half, Christie restored the Charger lead with his third field goal, striking both the right upright and the crossbar before going through. Dilfer responded with passes for a touchdown and a two-point conversion. A 31-yard catch by Gaylor moved San Diego into opposition territory early in the final period. The Chargers reached a 3rd and 1 from the 19, but Tomlinson was stopped inches short; they were poised to go for it on 4th down, but Jacox was flagged for a false start, and Christie hit another field goal instead. Lindell missed a 48-yard field goal with 2:37 to play, and Flutie completed four passes while leading his team from the San Diego 39 to a 1st down at the Seattle 11. He was sacked for a loss of 7 on the next play, then threw two incompletions before Christie converted his fifth field goal from five attempts with 16 seconds to play. Charlie Rogers fielded the ensuing kickoff at his own goal line and returned it for 64 yards before Jenkins caught him from behind. Lindell's 54-yard game-winning kick easily cleared the uprights as time expired.

Conway's 11 catches and 156 receiving yards would both be career highs. Also, Flutie's 34 completions, 53 attempts and 377 yards would all be career highs.

Standings

Notes

References

San Diego Chargers
San Diego Chargers seasons
San Diego


Charles Clements, 5th Earl of Leitrim (23 June 1879 9 June 1952), styled Viscount Clements until 1892, was an Irish nobleman and Unionist. He was commissioned into the British Army after college, and served in the Second Boer War, during which he was made a prisoner of war in the debacle at Lindley, Free State. He was appointed Lord Lieutenant of the City of Londonderry in 1904, shortly after the close of the war. During the Home Rule Crisis, he commanded the Ulster Volunteers in County Donegal and smuggled arms into the country for their use. He held a commission in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers during World War I, recruiting Volunteers into the regiment, and served as Private Secretary to fellow-Unionist Walter Hume Long, Secretary of State for the Colonies. The Earl had no children by either of his two marriages; his only heir, his brother Francis, went to America under an assumed name, disappeared, and was pronounced dead in 1917. Accordingly, Leitrim's titles became extinct on his death in 1952.

Biography
Clements was the eldest son of Robert Clements, 4th Earl of Leitrim, whom he succeeded in 1892. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. Leitrim was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 5th Battalion, Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own) on 9 February 1898 and promoted to lieutenant on 7 December 1898. Following the outbreak of the Second Boer War in late 1899, he volunteered for active service in the Imperial Yeomanry, where he was commissioned a lieutenant on 3 March 1900, leaving Liverpool for South Africa on the SS Cymric later the same month. He transferred to a regular army commission in the 9th (Queen's Royal) Lancers as a second lieutenant on 21 April 1900. While serving with the 13th Imperial Yeomanry, Leitrim was captured at Lindley. He was promoted lieutenant in the 9th Lancers on 5 July 1901, but returned to the United Kingdom when the war was drawing to a close in March 1902, and resigned his commission on 21 June 1902.

Leitrim married at St Andrew's church, Nuthurst, on 22 October 1902 Violet Lina Henderson, the daughter of Robert Henderson, a director of the Bank of England, and sister of the ambassador Sir Nevile Henderson. He was appointed Lord Lieutenant of the City of Londonderry in 1904.

Leitrim commanded the Ulster Volunteer Force in County Donegal, and arranged to run guns into the county in his yacht, SS Ganiamore, in 1913. During World War I, Leitrim was commissioned a major in the 11th Service Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers but resigned due to ill health on 10 January 1917. He was Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, Walter Hume Long, in 1917.

Later in life, he divorced Violet, and married Hon. Anne Mary Chaloner Vanneck, sister of William Vanneck, 5th Baron Huntingfield, on 29 April 1939. Leitrim had no children by either of his marriages. His sometime heir presumptive, his brother Hon. Francis Patrick Clements, disappeared in 1907, and was declared dead in 1917. Reports from the New York Times dated 12 July 1907, and 20 August 1911, suggested that he had gone to the US and worked as a stoker. The Earl was said to have spent thousands of dollars trying to establish his whereabouts. With no heir, the Earldom of Leitrim became extinct upon the Earl's death in 1952.

References

Book Sourced

1879 births
1952 deaths
9th Queen's Royal Lancers officers
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
British prisoners of war of the Second Boer War
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
British Army personnel of World War I
Military personnel from County Leitrim
Lord-Lieutenants of the City of Londonderry
People educated at Eton College
Rifle Brigade officers
Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers officers
Imperial Yeomanry officers
Ulster Volunteers
Charles
5


Halden Station () is a railway station located in downtown Halden in Østfold, Norway, located on the Østfold Line. The station is served by Vy on an hourly or semi-hourly service from Oslo Central Station, with Halden being the terminal station for all but three daily services to Gothenburg. The station was opened in 1879 as part of the Østfold Line.

The restaurant was taken over by Norsk Spisevognselskap on 1 January 1921, but then leased out to remain under the company's control. Three years later, the company again started operating the restaurant.

References

External links

Railway stations in Halden
Railway stations on the Østfold Line
Railway stations opened in 1879
1879 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1870s


The 2000 season was the San Diego Chargers' 31st in the National Football League (NFL), their 41st overall and their second under head coach Mike Riley. The Chargers failed to improve on their 8–8 record from 1999, and finished the season 1–15, the worst record of any Chargers team in history. The team lost its first eleven games before their only victory of the season against the Kansas City Chiefs (by one point, which was obtained on a last-second field goal). The 2000 Chargers were also the first team to finish 1–15 and have their only win of the season be at home. Oddly enough, out of the eleven teams in NFL history to finish 1–15, only three others had their only win at home (2007 Miami Dolphins, 2016 Cleveland Browns, and 2020 Jacksonville Jaguars). The Chargers were also the third 1–15 team to win their lone game by a single point; the others, the 1980 New Orleans Saints and 1991 Indianapolis Colts, each defeated the New York Jets on the road. It was also Ryan Leaf’s final season with the Chargers.

San Diego had a historically inept running attack in 2000; their 1,062 total team rushing yards (66.4 per game) is the lowest total of rushing yards by any team in NFL history in a 16-game season. For perspective, the strike-shortened 1982 NFL season—which was a nine-game schedule—included thirteen teams who rushed for more yards than San Diego did in 2000, and the 1992 Seattle Seahawks, who scored only 140 points in 16 games, rushed for 1,596 yards.

Despite this, there were a few bright spots; Darren Bennett and Junior Seau would be selected for the Pro Bowl that year.

After their miserable season, the Chargers earned the first overall pick in the next season's draft. The Chargers would trade that pick to the Falcons and draft LaDainian Tomlinson and also Drew Brees.

The last remaining active member of the 2000 San Diego Chargers was David Binn, who played his final NFL game in the 2011 playoffs, although he played his final regular season game in 2010.

Offseason

NFL draft

Personnel

Staff

Roster

Preseason

Regular season

Schedule

Game summaries

Week 1: at Oakland Raiders

Week 2: vs. New Orleans Saints

Week 3: at Kansas City Chiefs

Week 4: vs. Seattle Seahawks

Week 5: at St.Louis Rams

Week 6: vs. Denver Broncos

Week 7: at Buffalo Bills

Week 9: vs. Oakland Raiders

Week 10: at Seattle Seahawks

Week 11: vs. Miami Dolphins

Week 12: at Denver Broncos

Week 13: vs. Kansas City Chiefs

Week 14: vs. San Francisco 49ers

Week 15: at Baltimore Ravens

Week 16: at Carolina Panthers

Week 17: vs. Pittsburgh Steelers

Standings

References

San Diego Chargers
San Diego Chargers seasons
San Diego


Mark Malkoff is an American comedian, writer, and filmmaker. He is a graduate of New York University and currently lives in New York City, where he hosts The Carson Podcast.

Career

The Carson Podcast

Malkoff currently makes videos for the comedy website My Damn Channel and has hosted The Carson Podcast since February 18, 2014, a single-microphone weekly audio interview series in which he examines the career of talk show host Johnny Carson by interviewing employees and guests of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, an NBC-TV television program broadcast for almost thirty years from 1962 to 1992.
He has also interviewed some of the few surviving staff members of Carson's three earlier television series, Carson's Cellar (1951–53), The Johnny Carson Show (1955-56) and Who Do You Trust? (1957-1962; originally entitled Do You Trust Your Wife? for most of the first year of Carson's tenure, until July 1958).

Malkoff's guests have included Dick Cavett (who also discusses former Tonight Show host Jack Paar in depth), Mort Sahl, Peter Bogdanovich, John Landis, Chevy Chase, Dave Thomas, Steven Wright, Brooke Shields, Teri Garr, Carl Reiner, Mel Brooks, Kate Capshaw, Shecky Greene, Kliph Nesteroff, Michael J. Fox, Larry King, Tom Brokaw, Tonight Show bandleader Doc Severinsen and dozens of comedians, writers, singers, actors and backstage personnel who appeared on or worked for The Tonight Show, including the fellow who pulled the curtain open for Carson and guests as they entered the stage. Every interview is readily available online for free and the audio runtime is approximately an hour to an hour and forty-five minutes in most cases, although a few are shorter and several are longer. Several guests have appeared more than once, including Cavett, Reiner, Rich Little and Charles Grodin.

171 Starbucks in One Day
Malkoff gained worldwide media attention when he made a video detailing his attempt to visit all 171 Starbucks franchises in Manhattan in a single day during the summer of 2007.

A Week in an IKEA Store
He made headlines in January 2008 when he moved into an IKEA store in Paramus, New Jersey for a week as his apartment was fumigated.

A Month on a Jet
In June 2009, Malkoff lived on an AirTran jet for 30 days in order to conquer his fear of flying.  After completing this endeavor, he broke the Guinness World Record for most flights taken in a 30-day period with 135 flight segments.

95 Keys to the Cities
On October 5, 2009 Malkoff traveled for four weeks in a Ford Fusion Hybrid around the country seeing how many U.S. mayors he could get to present him their key to the city. As of December 20, 2009, Malkoff has been presented 95 keys from mayors of cities that include Baltimore; Milwaukee; Tampa, Fla., Harrisburg, Pa.; Frederick, Md.; Durham, N.C.; Marietta, Ga.; and Fairfax, Va.

Physically Carried by 155 People in One Day
In February 2010 Malkoff made headlines again with a video in which to disprove the myth that New Yorkers are rude he was physically carried 9.4 miles in Manhattan by 155 individuals.

The Will Ferrell Talk Show Curse
On January 20, 2010 Malkoff wrote a piece for Huffington Post entitled "The Will Ferrell Curse" which was featured by Nikki Finke on Deadline Hollywood. In it Malkoff discusses the fact that every time Will Ferrell has appeared as the first guest on a talk show, the show has not made it past a season. Ferrell appeared as the first guest on The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien, The Megan Mullally Show, and John McEnroe's talk show McEnroe, which aired on CNBC.

Racing an NYC Crosstown Bus on a Tricycle
In April 2011 Malkoff raced a crosstown Manhattan bus while riding a Big Wheel tricycle to point out how slow the buses in New York are.

Apple Store Stunts
In July 2011, Malkoff tried to get thrown out of a Manhattan Apple Store with stunts that included having a pizza delivered, bringing in a band to play live music, bringing in a pet goat, and trying to have a quiet candlelit dinner with his wife.

Other Things to Do in Holland Aside From the Obvious
In August 2011, Malkoff launched "101 other things to do in Holland," besides the smoking of weed, including ascending the 328-foot high Euromast tower in Rotterdam, trying to pay off the U.S. debt by collecting money in the Vondelpark in Amsterdam, and fooling around with street performers at the Dam square in Amsterdam.

Bizarre Taxi Rides
On September 29, 2011, Malkoff gave free cab rides out in New York with the catch of strange behavior and other quirks from the driver, as well as antics such as the passenger area slowly filling with popcorn.

252 Netflix Movies in One Month
In April 2012, Malkoff tested the limits of Netflix by watching as many movies as he could in one month. During the month, he watched 252 movies from opening to ending credits. For being the heaviest Netflix user that month, Malkoff was invited to Netflix Headquarters where he met Reed Hastings, CEO of Netflix.

Skyped With 162 Countries in One Month
In August 2013, Malkoff used Skype to video chat with residents of 162 countries, including North Korea.

References

External links

American male comedians
Living people
Male actors from New York (state)
Comedians from New York (state)
21st-century American comedians
Year of birth missing (living people)


The following is a list of  railroad companies that serve(d) Dallas. The first year is the year service began; the last is the year service was halted.

1872–1934 Houston and Texas Central Railroad (absorbed into the TNO)
1873–1976 Texas and Pacific Railway
1878–1880 Dallas and Wichita Railroad
1878 Dallas, Cleburne and Rio Grande Railroad
1878–1879 Chicago, Texas and Mexican Central Railway (purchased right of way from the DC&RG)
1879–1965 Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railroad (acquired CT&MC)
1880–1989 Missouri-Kansas-Texas
1880–1881 Texas Trunk Railroad
1881–1961 Texas and New Orleans Railroad (acquired the TT)
1901–1904 Red River, Texas and Southern Railroad
1902–1964 Saint Louis, San Francisco and Texas Railroad (nickname Frisco, absorbed the RRT&S)
1903–1932 St. Louis Southwestern Railway
1903–1980 Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad
1925–1982 Fort Worth and Denver Railway
1932–1996 Southern Pacific (acquired the SLSW in 1932 and the T&NO in 1961)
1964–1980 St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (parent company merged with subsidiary)
1965–1996 Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe (acquired the GC&SF)
1980–1996 Burlington Northern (acquired the SLSF and the bankrupt CRI&P lines in the Dallas area, merged the FW&D in 1982)
1989–present Union Pacific (acquired the MKT in 1989, Southern Pacific in 1996)
1994–present Kansas City Southern Railroad (purchased right of way from AT&SF)
1996–present BNSF Railway (merger between BN and AT&SF)
 Trinity and Brazos Valley

See also
 Former transit companies in Dallas, Texas
 List of defunct Texas railroads

Dallas
Dallas
Railroad companies
Rail transportation in Dallas
Dallas railroad companies
Dallas railroad companies


Harvest Operations Corp. is a Canadian oil and natural gas company based in Calgary, Alberta.  Unlike many oil and gas trusts, which consist only of production fields, Harvest had both "upstream" (oil and gas wells) and "downstream" (refining and distilling) components. It operated as an open-ended investment trust in Canada, and was one of the equities known as "Canroys" – short for "Canadian royalty trusts."    In 2009 the Korea National Oil Corporation made a buyout offer for Harvest, which was accepted, with shareholder approval.  The trust was delisted from the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange in December 2009.

The former Harvest Energy Trust's oil fields are mainly in Alberta, with two in Saskatchewan; it also has assets in northern British Columbia known as the Hay River Field.  Oil sand deposits and all natural gas properties were in Alberta.  As of the end of 2007, Harvest claimed a production of 61,000 BOE/d (barrels or equivalent per day), and a probable lifespan of existing assets of about ten years, before depletion.  It claims a total original oil in place (OOIP) amount of , and another  in oil sands.  Future plans include drilling approximately 1,000 new oil and gas wells on about  of land which has previously not been developed for oil and gas production.

Harvest Energy Trust was formed in July, 2002.  In 2006 it purchased the  North Atlantic Refinery in Come By Chance, Newfoundland and Labrador from Vitol Refining Group, B.V., and in so doing became the first Canadian energy trust to own its own refinery.  Harvest had 924 employees and a market capitalization of US$3.22 billion at the end of 2007.  On 22 December 2009, Harvest closed its Plan of Arrangement with the Korea National Oil Corporation, which offered C$10.00 per unit through its Canadian subsidiary, KNOC Canada Ltd.  Unitholders received cash payouts in late December, with non-Canadian holders receiving payouts based on the exchange rate as of the date of closing.

The Harvest Energy Trust paid a high dividend, for example yielding an annual rate of 16.0% in early 2008; it also paid out monthly, a relative rarity for equities listed on the New York Stock Exchange.  Its dividend payments were not taxed at the regular dividend rate, but rather at a 15% "Qualified Dividends" rate; this is an additional tax advantage in the United States, and applies to many royalty trusts.

References and notes

 Employees approximately 400

External links

Companies based in Calgary
Oil companies of Canada
2002 establishments in Alberta
2009 disestablishments in Alberta
Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Non-renewable resource companies established in 2002
Companies disestablished in 2009


Tramping Lake (2016 population: ) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Tramping Lake No. 380 and Census Division No. 13. The village gets its name from nearby Tramping Lake, which is a lake along the course of Eagle Creek.

History
Tramping Lake incorporated as a village on April 10, 1917.

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Tramping Lake had a population of  living in  of its  total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the Village of Tramping Lake recorded a population of  living in  of its  total private dwellings, a  change from its 2011 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2016.

See also

 List of communities in Saskatchewan
 Villages of Saskatchewan

Footnotes

Villages in Saskatchewan
Tramping Lake No. 380, Saskatchewan
Division No. 13, Saskatchewan


Henk Wijngaard (b. Stadskanaal, June 13, 1946) is a Dutch country singer.

Personal life

He was born in Stadskanaal.

Wijngaard's mother was a refugee from France and his father a Canadian allied soldier. He was initially employed as a truck driver. In 1978 he had his breakthrough hit with the self-penned song, "Met de vlam in de pijp". After this followed 20 further Dutch Top 40 hits, many on the themes of truck driving, the most famous being "Ik zie de wereld door de voorruit van mijn wagen"

Wijngaard is the paternal half-brother of Clarence Edwards, the father of Canadian country singer Shania Twain.

Wijngaard's "Ik zie de wereld" won the title of Best Non-English Song at the 1978 International Country Music Awards in Bristol, Tennessee.

Discography
Singles (Dutch chart positions)
 1976 	 "B'dai dai die"
 1977 	 "Wagen volgeladen"
 1977 	 "Stoere Jongens uit het Noorden"
 1977 	 "Zomertijd/kunnen wij elkaar niet vergeven"
 1978 	 "Met de vlam in de Pijp" (#6)
 1978   "Ik Heb M'n Wagen Volgeladen" (#20)
 1978 	 "Nachtrijders" (#25)
 1979 	 "Kilometervreters" (#26)
 1979 	 "Asfaltrockers" (#32)
 1980 	 "Containersong" (#11)
 1981 	 "Truck als Mn woning" (#22)
 1981 	 "Oh Suzanne"
 1981 	 "Als chauffeur ben ik geboren" (#36)
 1982 	 "Bak roest op 18 wielen" (#30)
 1982 	 "Truckcarrace" (#39)
 1983 	 "Trucker Olè" (#33)
 1983 	 "Blij dat ik rij"
 1983 	 "Wie niet weg is"
 1983 	 "Nachtrijders"
 1984 	 "Samen in een Truck", Duet with Irene Lardy
 1984 	 "Aan elke vrouw waar ik..."
 1984 	 "Weg van de snelweg"
 1984 	 "Wat een baan"
 1986 	 "Gooi nog eens een blok op het vuur schat"
 1986 	 "Jimmy is Lazarus"
 1987 	 "120 Varken naar Beiroet"
 1987 	 "Deze jongen gaat naar huis"
 1988 	 "Zo rij ik Europa rond"
 1988 	 "Sneeuwwittebruidsjurk" (#16)
 1989 	 "Zo, zoals je bent"
 1989 	 "Rijk als een koning"
 1989 	 "Radio Noord - Er zijn zoveel mooie steden"
 1990 	 "Die kleine deur naar 't paradijs" (#35)
 1990 	 "He Suzie" (#8)
 1990 	 "Als ik ga moet je niet om me huilen"
 1991 	 "Ik moet nog wat jaren mee" (#12)
 1991 	 "Ik ben veel liever alleen" (#32)
 1992 	 "Kijk uit hier ben ik" (#35)
 1992 	 "Rosie" (#31)
 1993 	 "Teken van leven"
 1993 	 "Beun de Beunhaas" (#29)
 1994 	 "De zon schijnt weer in m'n cabine" (#38)
 1994 	 "Ik heb jou"
 1994 	 "Heimwee naar jou"
 1995 	 "Ik ben voor de liefde"
 1995 	 "De vlam is gedoofd"
 1996 	 "Ma petite boom boom"
 1996 	 "Doar zakt mie de broek van af"
 1997 	 "Geloof, Hoop en Liefde"
 1997 	 "Mijn Daffy Duck"
 1998 	 "18 Wielen"
 1998 	 "Kleine waker"
 1999 	 "Ik ben een oorlogskind"
 1999 	 "In mijn cabine"
 2001 	 "Geboren als een trucker"
 2002 	 "Sophie"
 2004 	 "Zolang de motor draait"
 2004 	 "Meisie meisie"
 2005 	 "Het Zwarte Asfalt"
 2006 	 "Was ik maar een Dichter"
 2019   "Tranen op het stuur"

References

1946 births
Living people
Dutch male singers
People from Stadskanaal
Truck drivers


Sven Olof Nylander (born 1 January 1962) is a Swedish retired hurdler, who is best known for winning two silver medals at the European Championships in 1990 and 1994. He represented his native country in three Summer Olympics (1984, 1992 and 1996), and set his personal best (47.98 s) in the men's 400 metres hurdles on 1 August 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia.

Nylander finished fourth in four global championships (World Athletics Championships 1983 and 1987 - Olympic Games 1984 and 1996).  He also finished fifth in the 1995 World Athletics Championship.

Nylander attended Southern Methodist University ("SMU") in Dallas, Texas, USA on an athletic scholarship, where he was a member of the track and field team.

During the European Championships in Gothenburg 2006, Nylander attended a party at a night club in central Gothenburg. He, former high jumper Patrik Sjöberg and sprinter Patrik Lövgren, were later stopped by the police and brought to the police station where they left urine samples, under suspicion of drug use. In interviews, Nylander at first claimed that he had not used narcotics. A couple of days later, Nylander confessed to having used cocaine during the party.

International competitions
All results regarding 400 metres hurdles

Notes

References

1962 births
Living people
Swedish male hurdlers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Sweden
European Athletics Championships medalists
People from Varberg
Sportspeople from Halland County


RNJ may refer to:

 RNJ, the IATA code for Yoron Airport, Japan
 RNJ, the Indian Railways station code for Runija railway station, Madhya Pradesh, India


A dead hedge is a barrier constructed from cut branches, saplings, and foliage. The material can be gathered from activities such as pruning or clearing, and in traditional forms of woodland management, such as coppicing. Its ecological succession can be a beetle bank or hedge.

Restoration ecology and biological pest control
In coppicing, dead hedges are useful for keeping compartments of a coppice tidy, and keeping the public from certain areas. At the same time, they can provide excellent habitats and corridors for wildlife habitat conservation and restoration ecology. They offer habitats for insects such as beetles, and shelter and feeding opportunities for small mammals and birds. Dead hedges can be used to create habitats for natural 'biological control agents' to provide biological pest control. They have roles in the tending of natural landscapes, wildlife gardening, and organic gardening.

Agriculture
Dead hedges can provide enclosures for livestock. They can also play a role in biological pest control (for example, in organic farming and sustainable agriculture).

Dead hedges provide a carbon-efficient way of recycling biomass, without the need for transport or burning.

Gallery

See also
 Beetle bank
 Biodiversity
 Coarse woody debris
 Hedge laying
 Hibernaculum (zoology)
 Insect hotel
 Windrow (dead hedges may be thought of as "tidy wind-rows")

References

External links

Agricultural terminology
Habitat management equipment and methods
Biological pest control
Environmental conservation


Malkoff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amy Malkoff, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer
Dave Malkoff (born 1976), American television journalist
Mark Malkoff (born 1977), American comedian
Sol Malkoff (1918–2001), American calligrapher


A butcher is a person who slaughters animals, dresses their flesh and sells their meat.

Butcher, The Butcher, Butchers,  or Butcher's may also refer to:

People
 Butcher (surname), a common surname

Epithet

In real life
 Butcher of Amritsar: Reginald Dyer (1864–1927), British Indian Army officer responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar
 Butcher of Baghdad: Saddam Hussein (1937–2006), President of Iraq until deposed in 2003
 Butcher of the Balkans (disambiguation), several people
 Butcher of Balochistan and Butcher of Bengal: Tikka Khan (1915–2002), Pakistan Army four-star general and first Chief of Staff
 Butcher of Bega: Graeme Stephen Reeves (born 1949), Australian deregistered gynecologist and obstetrician
 Butcher of Beijing: Li Peng (李鹏; 1928–2019) top level Chinese Communist Party official known for supporting the use of violence against the Tiananmen Square Protests
 Butcher of Beirut: Ariel Sharon (1928–2014), Israeli Prime Minister and general
 Butcher of Beslan: Shamil Basayev (1965–2006), Chechen militant Islamist and rebel leader
 Butcher of Bosnia:
 Ratko Mladić (born 1943), Bosnian Serb former general and Chief of Staff of the Army of Republika Srpska
 Radovan Karadžić (born 1945), Bosnian Serb former politician and President of Republika Srpska
 Butcher of La Cabaña: Che Guevara (1928–1967), Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat and military theorist
 Butcher of Cesena: Antipope Clement VII (1342-1394)
 Butcher of Congo: King Leopold II of Belgium
 Butcher of Drogheda: Oliver Cromwell (1599–1658), Commonwealth military and political leader
 Butcher of Eastern Visayas: Jovito Palparan (born 1950), Filipino fugitive, politician and former army general
 Butcher of Genoa: Friedrich Engel (1909–2006)
 Butcher of Hanover: Fritz Haarmann (1879–1925), German serial killer
 Butcher of Kentucky: Stephen G. Burbridge (1831–1894), Union major general during the American Civil War
 Butcher of Kurdistan: Ali Hassan al-Majid (1941–2010), Iraqi Defense Minister, Interior Minister, military commander and chief of the Iraqi Intelligence Service, better known as "Chemical Ali"
 Butcher of Lyon: Klaus Barbie (1913–1991), World War II SS-Hauptsturmführer and Gestapo member
 Butcher of Mirpur: Abdul Quader Molla (1948–2013), Bangladeshi Islamist leader and politician
 Butcher of Plainfield: Ed Gein (1906–1984), American murderer
 Butcher of Prague: Reinhard Heydrich (1904–1942), German World War II Nazi official and one of the main architects of the Holocaust
 Butcher of Rangoon: Sein Lwin (1923–2004), Burmese brigadier general and briefly President of Myanmar (Burma)
 Butcher of Riga: Eduard Roschmann (1908–1977), Austrian SS officer and commandant of the Riga ghetto during 1943
 Butcher of Rostov: Andrei Chikatilo (1936–1994), Soviet serial killer
 Butcher of Samar: Littleton Waller (1856–1926), US Marine Corps officer
 Butcher of the Somme: Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig (1861–1928), British First World War field marshal
 Butcher of Uganda: Idi Amin (c. 1925–2003), President of Uganda and major general
 Butcher of Warsaw:
 Josef Albert Meisinger (1899–1947), German SS officer
 Heinz Reinefarth (1903–1979), German SS officer

In fiction
 Butcher of Arlav: Biff Simpson (Hunters)
 Butcher of Bakersfield: Benjamin "Ben" Richards (The Running Man)
 Butcher of Blaviken: Geralt of Rivia (The Witcher)
 Butcher of Bogon: Ratchet (Ratchet & Clank)
 Butcher of Skull Moon: The Doctor (Doctor Who)
 Butcher of Stilwater: The Protagonist/The Boss/"Playa" (Saints Row)
 Butcher of Torfan: Commander Shepard (Mass Effect)
 Butcher of White Orchard: Geralt of Rivia (The Witcher)

Nickname
 Imre Arakas, Estonian criminal known as "The Butcher"
 Prince William, Duke of Cumberland (1721–1765), son of King George II of Great Britain and general known to his political enemies as "Butcher" Cumberland
 John Ronald Brown (1922–2010), American surgeon convicted of second-degree murder after operating without a license
 Edward Cummiskey (died 1976), New York City mobster known as "The Butcher"
 Robert Hansen (died 2014), an American serial killer, nicknamed the Butcher Baker
 Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet (1892–1984), Marshal of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War
 Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, "adulescentulus carnifex" (Latin for "The Teenage Butcher"), also known in English as "Pompey the Great"
 Andrew Mrotek (born 1983), "the Butcher", American drummer for the band The Academy Is...
 William Poole (1821–1855), leader of the New York City gang the Bowery Boys, bare-knuckle boxer, and a leader of the Know Nothing political movement, known as "Bill the Butcher"
 Valeriano Weyler, 1st Duke of Rubí (1838–1930), Spanish general and Governor General of the Philippines and Cuba
 Andoni Goikoetxea (born 1956), Spanish footballer, "The Butcher of Bilbao"
 Lisandro Martínez  (born 1998), Argentinian footballer, "The Butcher" or "Butcher of Amsterdam" when playing for Ajax Amsterdam

Aliases
 The Butcher (Brutus Beefcake, born 1957), ring name of professional wrestler Edward Leslie
 Abdullah the Butcher (born 1941), ring name of professional wrestler Larry Shreve
 "Butcher", a ring name of former professional wrestler Paul Vachon (born 1938)
 The Butcher, ring name of professional wrestler Andy Williams (born 1977)
 The Butcher Brothers, alter-egos of American film directors Mitchell Altieri and Phil Flores

Arts and entertainment

Fictional characters
 Billy "The Butcher" Butcher, from the comic series The Boys, its spin-off Butcher, and TV series adaptations
 The Butcher (American Horror Story), from the TV series American Horror Story: Roanoke
 The Butcher, a demon in the Diablo video game series and Heroes of the Storm
 The Butcher, a monster in the video game Silent Hill: Origins
 The Butcher, a physical embodiment of "rage" of the Emotional Electromagnetic Spectrum, the emotion that powers the Red Lantern Corps in the DC Comics universe
 On the British soap opera Eastenders:
 Bianca Butcher
 Diane Butcher
 Frank Butcher
 Liam Butcher
 Mo Butcher
 Ricky Butcher

Film and television
 Le Boucher (The Butcher), a 1970 French drama/thriller
 The Butcher (2006 film), an American horror film
 The Butcher (2007 film), an South Korean horror film
 The Butcher (2009 film), an American action film
 The Butchers (film), a 2014 American horror film
 Butcher's Film Service, a British film production and distribution company
 The Butcher (TV series), a 2019 butchering reality competition show
 Butchers (2020 film) 0 a 2020 American horror film

Music
 "The Butcher" (song), a 2011 song by Radiohead
 Butcher Bros., American record producers

Places
 Butcher Hills, Montana

 Butcher (or Butcher's) Inlet, on which Cossack, Western Australia is situated
 Butcher Island, off the coast of Mumbai, India
 Butcher Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica
 Butcher Ridge, Oates Land, Antarctica
 Butchers Knob, part of Cooper Mountain
 Butchers Lake, Victoria, Australia
 Butchers Spur, Ross Dependency, Antarctica
 Butcher Hollow, Kentucky

Other uses
 Butcher, Baker, Candlestickmaker, spin-off comic miniseries of The Boys, following Billy Butcher
 Butcher, a small beer glass in South Australia
 4th Armored Division (United States), nicknamed "Roosevelt's Butchers"
 Butcher baronets, two titles in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom, both extinct
 Shankill Butchers, an Ulster loyalist gang active between 1975 and 1982 in Belfast, Northern Ireland

Nicknames


A cavalcade is a procession or parade on horseback, or a mass trail ride by a company of riders.  The focus of a cavalcade is participation rather than display. Often, the participants do not wear costumes or ride in formation. Often, a cavalcade re-enacts an important historical event and follows a long-distance trail.  A cavalcade may also be a pilgrimage.

Many cavalcades involve ceremonial entries into and departures from towns and villages along the way.  A small version of such a ceremonial entry is the "grand entry" that is traditional in many rodeos.  Long-distance cavalcades may acquire more riders who join from populated places along its route.

The term cavalcade comes from the classical Latin word caballus, used to describe a strong work horse.  This developed into the word caballicare, "to ride horseback," which in Italian became cavalcare. In Spanish the term for cavalcade is cabalgata.

United States

In New Mexico, Philmont Scout Ranch includes a week-long cavalcade among its programs. The annual pilgrimage to El Santuario de Chimayó includes a cavalcade of classic cars on Good Friday. Traditionally, the pilgrimage had been made on foot. Today, in addition to traveling by car and foot, a few pilgrims ride horses.  Columbus, New Mexico is the end point of the annual Cabalgata Binacional Villista (see #Chihuahua).

In Texas, numerous long-distance cavalcades occur annually in conjunction with the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo; the oldest of these was established in 1952, creating a new tradition based on historic activities.  A 110-mile cavalcade is held annually on the Chisholm Trail (paved roads) from Cuero to San Antonio in conjunction with the San Antonio Livestock Show and Rodeo.

Mexico

Sonora
In Sonora, cavalcades are regular annual events in March and October.

On 26 through 28 October 2007 the Governor of Sonora, Eduardo Bours, and the regional Cattlemen's Association led a cavalcade of approximately 7,000 cowboys who were primarily from the local area, the state of Sonora, some other Mexican states and several western U.S. states.  The cavalcade was called Remontando El Río Sahuaripa 2007, and the route covered 61 kilometers. Beginning in Sahuaripa, the group traveled south following the river upstream, through the municipality of Arivechi, passing the banks of the Cajon de Onapa Reservoir Lake, and ending in the village of Guisamopa. The cowboys and horses were fed and supplied by an elaborate "Chuck Wagon" system.  That cavalcade is the focal end stage of the  Cabalgando por Sonora from the Río Sonora to the Sierra Alta.

Chihuahua
In Chihuahua, two separate cavalcades commemorate the history of the Mexican Revolution and Francisco (Pancho) Villa.

Cabalgata Binacional Villista
Each year in February and March, the Cabalgata Binacional Villista commemorates the 9 March 1916 invasion of the United States by Pancho Villa's men.  The first cavalcade took place in 1999 and followed the same route that Pancho Villa used, coming from the Hacienda de San Jerónimo, Bachíniva.  A handful of riders were expected but more than 125 showed up.  The Cabalgata passed Namiquipa and Cruces, as during the original 1916 event. In 2008 the 9th cavalcade began on 27 February in Ciudad Madera with more than 200 riders. During the next 10 days, they traversed  north through towns and villages in northern Mexico (Ignacio Zaragoza, Buenaventura, Galeana, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Casas Grandes, Colonia Graciano Sánchez, Janos, Ascensión, Seis de Enero) to Puerto Palomas de Villa, arriving on 7 March with a complement of 400 riders and twice as many crew.

On 8 March 100 riders continued across the United States–Mexico border 3 miles to the Pancho Villa State Park and Museum in the village of Columbus, New Mexico. From the border the Villistas were accompanied by 200 American riders.  The 8th cavalcade in 2007 was larger, with 500 riders arriving in Puerto Palomas de Villa.  The 7th cavalcade in 2006 was smaller but the arrival of the 100 Villistas at Pancho Villa State Park coincided with ceremonies attended by New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson, Chihuahua Governor José Reyes Baeza Terrazas, and many other dignitaries. The cavalcade in 2010 was the opening event of the centennial celebrations Tres Siglos, Tres Fiestas (Three Centuries, Three Fiestas).

The riders are received each night with a dinner, rodeo, music and dancing, and their horses are fed and watered. The growing popularity of the cavalcade presented increasing financial challenges for the communities along the route. In 2008, the community presidents formed an association, Presidentes Municipales de la Región Noroeste, to coordinate and manage the event.

Horses traveling from Mexico to the United States normally are subject to quarantine of at least 3 days, but starting in 2006, a special 12-hour waiver was obtained for up to 100 horses (hence the limit of 100 Villistas).  Before 2006, the Mexican horses were left behind in Mexico, and the Villistas rode American horses from the border to the park.

The 11th cavalcade in 2010 began on February 23 in Hacienda San Jerónimo, Bachíniva, repeating the historical original route, passing through Namiquipa, Cruces to Buenaventura. There the cavalcade joined the group coming from Madera, continuing together up to Columbus, New Mexico.

Cabalgata Villista
Each year in July the Cabalgata Villista (also known as La Gran Cabalgata Villista) commemorates the assassination of Francisco (Pancho) Villa on 20 July 1923 in Parral.  The cavalcade was initiated by José Socorro Salcido Gómez in 1996.  It travels to Parral from Chihuahua City, a distance of , led by municipal, state, and federal dignitaries. In general, its route passes through Satevó and
Valle de Zaragoza, with riders (jinetes) joining the cavalcade along the way.  Since 1996 the cavalcade has grown progressively larger; in 2007 3,000 riders participated.  The 2008 cavalcade was still larger.  In 2009, the cavalcade began with 500 riders departing from Chihuahua City.  Participating villages, cities, and municipalities included Matamoros, Valle de Allende, San Francisco del Oro, Santa Bárbara, municipio de López, Zaragoza, El Tule, Huejotitán, Balleza, Coronado, and Jiménez.

Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas
In Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas, on 12 March 2005 the fifth Cabalgata Interestatal (tri-state cavalcade) included 10,500 riders along a  portion of its  length.

Guanajuato
In Guanajuato, a cavalcade pilgrimage occurs at Epiphany to the shrine of Cristo Rey.

New Zealand
In New Zealand, an annual Otago Goldfields Cavalcade is held. Different towns in Central Otago play host at the culmination of the cavalcade each year, with Cromwell, Ophir, and  Clyde having been among the host towns. Some years the cavalcade's route follows the Dunstan Trail, a principal route of the Central Otago Gold Rush, from Clarks Junction near Middlemarch to the site of the former Dunstan goldfields. This route covers much the same journey as the Otago Central Rail Trail, though it is shorter and over far rougher terrain.  The first re-enactment cavalcade was in 1991, from near Dunedin to Cromwell.  More than 200 people (and 240 horses) took part in the 1991 cavalcade.

Colombia

In Colombia, riding in cavalcades is a recreation enjoyed throughout the mountains. In Medellín, a cavalcade is an important part of the annual Festival of the Flowers.

See also

Parade horse
Stibbert museum

References

Horses in culture
Parades


is located in Tarama, Miyako District, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.

The airport is operated by the prefecture, and is classified as a third-class airport.

Airlines and destinations

References

External links
 Tarama Airport
 Tarama Airport Guide from Japan Airlines

Airports in Okinawa
Tarama, Okinawa


The taraban (; ) is a percussive drum-like folk instrument of Turkish origin, which was once used in Ukraine and, to a lesser extent, in Poland.

The etymology of the term comes from a word meaning to make a lot of noise. The first mentions of the taraban date back to the 11th century. It was most likely introduced in East-Central Europe by the Ottoman Janissaries.

The taraban consists of a wooden ring with a diameter of up to  which has a skin (often made of dog or cat hide) tightened over both sides. The taraban is struck with the hand or a stick. In comparison to the bubon, the taraban usually has two sides with a stretched skin and no cymbals.

It was a popular instrument among the Ukrainian Cossacks and is considered a Ukrainian folk instrument. Taraban is also mentioned in the Polish anthem and was once utilised by some army units of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Related instruments
 Resheto
 Bubon
 Lytavry

See also
Ukrainian folk music

References

Sources
Humeniuk, A. Ukrainski narodni muzychni instrumenty, Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1967
Mizynec, V. Ukrainian Folk Instruments, Melbourne: Bayda books, 1984
Cherkaskyi, L. Ukrainski narodni muzychni instrumenty, Tekhnika, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2003 - 262 pages.

Ukrainian musical instruments
Turkish musical instruments
European percussion instruments
Membranophones


The Saxon Mill is a former mill at Guy's Cliffe, Warwickshire, England, situated about one mile northeast of the town of Warwick. It is now a restaurant and bar. It is on the River Avon and it has a water wheel, although a larger waterwheel has gone. At the rear of the mill, there is a pedestrian footbridge and weir crossing the River Avon towards Old Milverton. The building has been designated as a Grade II listed building on the National Heritage List for England since 1951.

History

The mill was originally called Gibbeclive Mill in the 12th century. It was the property of St Mary's Abbey, Kenilworth and the Augustinian canons until the Dissolution of the Monasteries. It was rebuilt in 1822. It was a working mill until 1938, and it was converted into a restaurant and bar in 1952.
, the restaurant has a glass window cut-away in the floor where the water can be seen flowing under the building.

Places nearby
 Old Milverton
 Milverton
 Leek Wootton
 River Leam

References
The History of Guy's Cliffe
National Heritage List for England Entry

External links
Official website

Buildings and structures in Warwickshire


The following article presents a summary of the 1943 football (soccer) season in Brazil, which was the 42nd season of competitive football in the country.

Campeonato Paulista

Final Standings

São Paulo declared as the Campeonato Paulista champions.

State championship champions

Other competition champions

Brazil national team
The Brazil national football team did not play any matches in 1943.

References

 Brazilian competitions at RSSSF
 1939-1946 Brazil national team matches at RSSSF

Seasons in Brazilian football
Brazil


Montana's second congressional district is a congressional district in the United States House of Representatives that was apportioned after the 2020 United States census. The first candidates ran in the 2022 elections for a seat in the 118th United States Congress.

From 1913 to 1993, Montana had two congressional seats. From 1913 to 1919, those seats were elected statewide at-large on a general ticket. After 1919, however, the state was divided into geographical districts. The 2nd covered the eastern part of the state, including Billings, Glendive, Miles City, and other towns. After 1993, the second seat was eliminated and the remaining seat was elected .

After the release of the 2020 United States census results, Montana regained its 2nd congressional district. On November 12, 2021, Montana's Districting and Apportionment Commission approved a new congressional map in which the 2nd congressional district would cover the eastern portion of Montana, in a configuration similar to the 1983–1993 map. However, the state capital, Helena, which had historically been in the 1st district, was drawn into the 2nd district.

Except for the city of Helena and some Native American areas like Big Horn County and part of longtime national bellwether Blaine County, the district is powerfully Republican. Overall, it is the third-most-Republican district in the West, with a Cook Partisan Voting Index of R+16, and it voted for Donald Trump by nearly 27 percentage points in the 2020 presidential election. Geographically, it is the largest district in the U.S. to not contain an entire state.

Statewide election results

List of members representing the district

Recent election results

2022

See also
 Montana's congressional districts
 List of United States congressional districts

References
General

Specific

 Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

02
Constituencies established in 1919
1919 establishments in Montana
Constituencies disestablished in 1993
1993 disestablishments in Montana
Constituencies established in 2023
2023 establishments in Montana


Top Gear is an American motoring television series, based on the BBC series of the same name. The show's presenters were professional racing driver Tanner Foust, actor and comedian Adam Ferrara, and automotive and racing analyst Rutledge Wood. As with the original British version, the show had its own version of The Stig, an anonymous racing driver, and a celebrity guest was featured each week for the first two seasons.  The show premiered on November 21, 2010, on History.

Format
The show's first two seasons followed a similar format of the BBC version: three main hosts present, The Stig (an anonymous race driver) tests vehicles, and celebrities are invited for interviews and to drive vehicles around a test track. In addition, challenges similar in nature to the ones presented in the original show are replicated in Top Gear. The "Star in a Reasonably Priced Car" (retitled "Big Star, Small Car") segment uses a Suzuki SX4 Sportback.  Filming of this segment, along with in-studio segments take place at the former Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, now known as the Orange County Great Park, in Irvine, California.

Beginning in season 3, the show changed its emphasis to the hosts' stunts involving car customization, with all studio-based segments, as well as car reviews and Power Laps, discarded from the series.

Segments

Power Laps
During the first two seasons, Power Laps was a segment of the program in which The Stig completes a lap around the track in a reviewed car to compare its performance to previous contenders.

All laps are timed with the car's manufacturer-provided adjustable settings configured for maximum performance — all adjustable suspensions are set at their most efficient, all gear shift maps are at their most aggressive, and driving aids such as traction control are deactivated.

Power Lap Times

 1:18.6 - Ariel Atom
 1:19.5 - Tanner Foust's Ford Fiesta Rallycross
 1:22.0 - Dodge Viper SRT 10 ACR
 1:22.4 - Chevrolet Corvette C6 ZR1
 1:22.6 - Lexus LFA
 1:22.8 - Lamborghini Gallardo LP 570-4 Superleggera
 1:23.3 - Ferrari 458 Italia
 1:23.4 - Lamborghini Murciélago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce
 1:25.3 - Porsche Panamera Turbo
 1:26.9 - Lamborghini Gallardo LP 550-2 Balboni
 1:27.2 - Cadillac CTS-V Sport Wagon
 1:27.4 - Cadillac CTS-V Coupe
 1:27.6 - Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG
 1:28.2 - Aston Martin V12 Vantage
 1:28.2 - Ford Mustang 302 Boss
 1:28.4 - Lotus Evora
 1:28.5 - Ferrari California
 1:28.8 - Audi Rs6 2021
 1:28.9 - Ford Mustang Roush
 1:29.2 - Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution X GSR
 1:30.0 - Subaru Impreza WRX STI
 1:30.0 - BMW X6 M
 1:39.0 - Hennessey F-150 VelociRaptor 600
 5:22.0 - Lamborghini R 485

Big Star, Small Car
During the first two seasons, Big Star, Small Car was a recurring segment on Top Gear, inspired by the "Star in reasonably priced car" on the original Top Gear. During each episode, a celebrity is interviewed by one of the three presenters. Discussion is normally amusing, and focuses on car-related matters, such as the celebrity's car history. Then the presenter and the studio audience watch the guest's fastest lap on the Top Gear test track.

The car used for this segment is a Suzuki SX4 Sportback. Each guest practices with The Stig before making several attempts to complete the test track in the fastest time. The guest does not learn their time until the interview. Practice laps, crashes and the drivers' facial expressions are also shown during the segment.

Star Lap Times
Note: (wet) means the track was wet when the lap was taken.
 1:39.3 – Stephen Moyer
 1:41.8 – Patrick Warburton
 1:42.4 – Arlene Tur
 1:43.2 – Tony Hawk
 1:43.9 – Kid Rock (wet)
 1:44.0 – Tim Allen
 1:44.3 – Jon Huertas
 1:44.3 – Bill Engvall
 1:44.4 – Bret Michaels
 1:45.3 – Dominic Monaghan
 1:46.6 – Ty Burrell (wet)
 1:46.7 – Edward Burns
 1:48.1 – Rick Harrison
 1:49.2 – Adam Levine
 1:49.9 – Kal Penn
 1:51.1 – Joe Mantegna
 1:51.5 – Austin "Chumlee" Russell
 1:55.2 – Steve Schirripa
 1:55.2 – Michelle Rodriguez (wet)
 1:55.4 – Lake Bell
 1:55.6 – Buzz Aldrin
 2:06.9 – Bridget Marquardt

Episodes

History

Top Gear on Discovery Channel
In 2005, Discovery Channel made a pilot for an American version of the show featuring actor and IHRA driver Bruno Massel, actor John Jenkinson, and actor John Littlefield as the hosts. The attempt was not picked up by the Discovery Channel. The pilot featured Iron Man director Jon Favreau as the Star in a Reasonably Priced Car, a race between Littlefield's 2005 Ford Mustang and Jenkinson's 2005 Dodge Charger R/T, and a review of the Lexus RX 400h. After the pilot proved to be unsuccessful, the Discovery Channel later began airing a slightly "Americanized" version of the British Top Gear show with presenters Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May. This show featured clips of features and challenges from Series 1–5 from the BBC Two show with introduction segments recorded by Clarkson, Hammond and May at the Dunsfold Aerodrome studio especially for the US audience.  Regular features like "The News" and "Star in a Reasonably Priced Car" were not shown on the Discovery Channel version.

Top Gear on NBC
In April 2007, the BBC was still looking to launch a locally produced version of Top Gear in the United States. NBC announced, in January 2008, that it had ordered a pilot for an American version of the show, retitled Gear. BBC Worldwide had been contracted to produce the pilot for NBC. According to NBC reality chief Craig Plestis, many automakers had shown interest in America's version of Top Gear.

On June 16, 2008, NBC and the BBC officially announced an American version of Top Gear, to be hosted by Adam Carolla, Tanner Foust and Eric Stromer. The studio segments for the pilot were taped on July 26, 2008 to generally favorable reviews citing close following of the UK version's format. NBC was expected to have Top Gear premiere as a midseason replacement in 2009.

Jay Leno, who originally turned down offers to host the show, expressed concern in 2008 over whether or not a show like Top Gear could be successful in America. In a column published by The Sunday Times in 2008, Leno expressed concern that an American version could lack the critical reviews for which the British version is known. The British show is produced for the BBC with public funds while the American show airs on commercial television. Leno believes that the show may have to worry about offending current and potential sponsors by giving their products poor reviews, leading to a compromise in the journalistic integrity and freedom of the original show.

On December 11, 2008, NBC reversed its decision to place the show as a midseason replacement, citing concerns about the potential success of a car-themed show in light of the failure of Knight Rider. NBC allowed the BBC to shop it around to cable networks to possibly pick it up. In February 2009, Jeremy Clarkson stated that the American version had been "canned", claiming that focus groups "... just don't understand a single word we're on about. They just don't get it really."

Top Gear on History
On August 6, 2010, the first Top Gear trailer was published on the web, giving fans a preview on what to expect on the upcoming episodes to be broadcast on the History Channel. In this trailer, new hosts Adam Ferrara, Tanner Foust, and Rutledge Wood were seen participating in a Moonshine Challenge and Tanner Foust also takes a Dodge Viper for a test drive. The first season premiered on November 21, 2010, and as of 2014, the series has been renewed for its fifth season.  Commenting on the second season renewal, UK host Jeremy Clarkson noted, "Top Gear is our baby so you can understand why Hammond, May and I were anxious about passing it on to the presenters of the US show. We needn’t have worried because Top Gear is clearly in safe hands, even if they do insist on speaking in those stupid accents. Watching an episode from series 1 with Richard and James, we found ourselves in a genuinely heated debate about which of the presenters’ cars was best. We were just three ordinary chaps watching a car show and loving it, which is exactly what Top Gear should be. Bring on series 2."

In a Facebook post on June 26, 2016, Wood stated his belief that the episode set to air the same week would be the last for the series on History.

Broadcast
Top Gear premiered in the US on History on November 21, 2010. On February 10, 2011, the show was renewed for a second season to premiere on November the same year. On May 11, 2012, History renewed Top Gear for a 16 episode third season, which premiered August 14, 2012. The second half of the season premiered January 29, 2013. It was renewed for a fourth season, which started filming April 30, 2013, and premiered on September 3, 2013. The fifth season premiered on June 3, 2014. Its most recent season, Season 6, began airing on April 26, 2016. On June 28, 2016, the BBC confirmed that the series had completed its contractual run on the History channel."

In the United Kingdom, the first and second seasons are broadcast on BBC Three. The first season premiered on October 14, 2011, and the second season premiered on January 13, 2012. The second season halted broadcasting on January 27, but continued its run on June 29, 2012. It is broadcast under the name Top Gear USA to avoid confusion with the original UK version.

The first season premiered on GO! in Australia on November 26, 2011 whilst season two onward aired on BBC Knowledge, a channel on Australian Pay TV service Foxtel. In Canada, it airs on BBC Canada.

In Mexico and Latin America the show broadcasts on History Channel Latino.

Reception

Before the show started, there was a mixed response to Top Gear being remade for a US audience. Stuart Heritage of The Guardian noted the brutal response to the first trailer of the History Channel version of the show on the Internet, with YouTube users noting History's version to be an "'insult to the actual Top Gear" among other less favorable comments. Agreeing with the commenters, Heritage notes that US television doesn't have "Jeremy Clarkson, Captain Slow and The Hamster," but noting the original BBC version isn't exactly "British" per se, and figured the show could possibly translate easily if done right.

Top Gear premiered at 1.9 million viewers in its first episode, which dropped to 1.3 million viewers after the first episode. The second-season premiere had a viewership of 2 million viewers. Metacritic collected an aggregated score of 72 for season one.

The show has received mixed reviews from numerous critics. Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter judged the show as a whole, noting, "It's a promising beginning for a show most thought would end up in a ditch." Goodman noted the shaky history of the show being brought over to the US (including Jay Leno's take on the Star in a Reasonably Priced Car segment for his short-lived show) and the venom of online comments, to which Goodman replies: "Everyone gets it." Mike Hale of the New York Times had mixed reactions to the show, going from how History's version almost slavishly follows the formula the BBC version uses ("that any subject or concept can appeal to a wide audience if you find the right balance of competition and destruction (the childlike smashing of large objects) with humor, sentiment and pretty locations.") to how the show has gaps between the BBC and History Channel version. Hale had concerns the show was not translating well, as the History version lacks  the "going out of the lines" aspect of the original, and the host lineup for History's version being younger and more callow than the BBC version's hosts.

John Krewson of Gawker Media, writing for Jalopnik, encouraged readers to watch the show. Watching the first three episodes of season one, he noted the first episode would be "little strange for most viewers." but towards the third episode, viewers should "have the snack tray full and an hour free," and praising the show despite its initial roughness. Chris Shunk, writing for Autoblog, was impressed with the first show, but warned readers to not compare History's version of Top Gear to the BBC version of Top Gear so easily. Also, the show would encourage Autoblog to "keep watching... at least for nine more weeks." Lee Pray of Edmunds Inside Line noted the show seems worthwhile, but while it won't match up the original BBC version, it was worth to have two versions of Top Gear around. The A.V. Club gave the show an overall rating of C, lamenting that Season One of the series ended with a clip show, and not liking host Adam Ferrara. The review compared both the BBC and History Channel versions, and claimed that History's version borrowed "the graphics, music, and editing...." of the original, but that the show felt like it was "imported from a 1980s beer commercial."

DVD release

References

External links
 Official site on History.com

2010 American television series debuts
2016 American television series endings
American television series based on British television series
English-language television shows
History (American TV channel) original programming
Television series by Reveille Productions
Television series by BBC Studios
Top Gear


A poultry was the office in a medieval household responsible for the purchase and preparation of poultry, as well as the room in which the poultry was stored.

What it was
It was headed by a poulter or poulterer (though this last term is more often for a merchant who deals in poultry). The office was subordinated to the kitchen, and only existed as a separate office in larger households. It was closely connected with other offices of the kitchen, such as the larder and the saucery.

Use today
This use of the word is largely obsolete today.

See also
 Chicken as food

References

Medieval cuisine


The WWP World Ladies Championship is a women's professional wrestling championship in the South African professional wrestling promotion World Wrestling Professionals, contested exclusively among female wrestlers of any weight. It was created in November 2005 to coincide with WWP Thunderstrike's second season.

Title history

See also

World Wrestling Professionals

References

External links

World Wrestling Professionals championships
World professional wrestling championships
Women's professional wrestling championships


Mysen Station () is a railway station located at Mysen in Eidsberg, Norway. Situated  from Oslo Central Station (Oslo S), it is served hourly by the L22 service of the Oslo Commuter Rail. It is the terminus of most L22 services. The station had 251,000 boarding and disembarking passengers in 2012.

The station opened on 24 November 1882 with a station building designed by Balthazar Lange in Swiss chalet style. The town of Mysen grew up around the station, and soon features the municipal center, shopping and industry. A grain elevator was built in 1953. The original station was demolished in 1986 to make way for a building complex. The station platforms were modernized in 2014.

History
Discussion of a railway through Eidsberg was first debated in the municipal council on 5 January 1867. The municipality approved a grant of 20,000 Norwegian speciedaler on 25 January 1873. After it was decided in 1873 that the Østfold Line was to be built, the main route controversy regarding the Eastern Line was whether it should run via Mysen, or take a straight line from Askim to Rakkestad. The railway engineers originally favored a bypass, but this was overruled by Parliament on 4 June 1874. Eidsberg was granted three stations. There was consensus about the location of Slitu Station, but both Eidsberg Station and Mysen Station were the subject of a major dispute.

One fraction supported building the main station near Eidsberg Church. This had the added bonus of being close to the ferry quay at Grønsund and was a central transport hub in the community. These proposals called for a line traversing the municipality from Moss via Eidsberg to Ørje. Once such a route was discarded in 1873, the debate cooked down to a route to the east or to the west, close to the river Glomma. The eastern alternative was ultimately victorious. The station and line opened on 24 November 1882, although temporary traffic had taken place since July.

The establishment at Mysen had a dramatic impact on Eidsberg. With the railway Mysen received a post office and telegraph. The central areas had previously been at Folkenborg, where the municipal hall and Eidsberg Sparebank was located, and the area around Eidsberg Church. Many companies and shops moved to Mysen, and both the municipal hall and the bank moved there in 1900. The largest cargo customer with the railway was the forest industry. Also farmers benefited, as the railway made it possible to export milk to the capital. The railway caused the first dairy in Eidsberg to opened in 1883, next to Mysen Station.

Originally there was a daily morning train starting in Mysen and running to Oslo and then returning. From the 1890s this increased to two. Mysen was the main station along the Eastern Line and the only station to feature an engine shed and a turntable. During the 1910s there were discussions of extending the Urskog–Høland Line to Mysen. This would allow a direct railway between Østfold and Romerike, bypassing Oslo. The proposal never passed the idea stage. The Norwegian resistance movement carried out a sabotage at Mysen Station in 1943 in which both the switches and two locomotives were blown up.

A grain elevator was built next to the station in 1953. The line was electrified on 5 December 1958. This allowed for the retirement of steam locomotives and the closing of the roundhouse. At the same time direct services to the capital were reintroduced. An interlocking system was installed on 5 April 1968. At a later date, all ticket sales were transferred to the Narvesen kiosk at the station.

During the 1960s there was a concern that Mysen and Eidsberg would see a shrinking population. However, instead an increasing number of people started commuting to jobs in and around Oslo. By 1970 a quarter of the workforce were commuting, almost all to the capital. This led to a major change in the traffic pattern on the Eastern Østfold Line. Mysen became the end of train services, with the extensions to Sarpsborg closed down in 1986. At the same time NSB made more intensive its commuter service.

It also demolished the original station and sold the property to allow Citadel-complex to be built. As the need for facilities for railway functions decreased, the NSB saw a decreasing need for station facilities. The move away from traditional station buildings became distinct in the 1980s. Mysen and Ski Stations were two which were demolished to make way for large complexes next to the station, in which NSB rented the space it needed.

The platform areas were renovated in 2014. Previously the two platforms were  long, both  tall. This was changed to  long and  tall. Two additional parking tracks were also built. The following year an overpass was completed. As one of the last commuter lines, the Eastern Østfold Line received centralized traffic control from 31 August 2015, no longer making it necessary to have a train dispatcher at the station for passing. It was the first Norwegian line to utilize European Rail Traffic Management System.

Facilities
Mysen Station is situated on the Eastern Østfold Line,  from Ski Station and  from Oslo S, at an elevation of  above mean sea level. The station has two side platforms which are  long and  tall. The main passing loop at the station is  long. Tickets are available for sale at a Narvesen kiosk and at a ticket machine. The station is there equipped with 50 parking spaces and a bicycle rack. There is transfer to bus and taxi. There is a level crossing just north of the platforms.

The overpass is built with steel trusses with glass sidings. There are elevators on each side which are heated. The rest of the overpass is not. The structure has the same design as at Råde Station. One of the purposes of the overpass is to make the station more visual, given the lack of a station building.

The now demolished original station building was designed by Balthazar Lange, who had the responsibility for all stations along the Eastern Østfold Line. The wooden building is a third-class station and has the same design as many other stations on the line, Kråkstad, Tomter, Slitu, Eidsberg, Gautestad and Ise. Mysen also featured an engine shed and a turntable.

Service
Mysen is served with hourly L22 trains operated by Vy's Oslo Commuter Rail. Travel time is 65 minutes to Oslo & and 41 minutes to Ski. The trains continue onward along the Drammen Line terminating at Skøyen Station. The station had 251,000 daily boarding and disembarking passengers in 2012, second-highest on the line. There are buses to Rakkestad and Trøgstad.

References

Bibliography

Railway stations in Eidsberg
Railway stations on the Østfold Line
Railway stations opened in 1882
1882 establishments in Norway
Railway stations in Norway opened in the 1880s