Unidad de Gestión Operativa Ferroviaria de Emergencia (UGOFE) was a temporary consortium of Argentine companies formed on 7 January 2005 by Ferrovías, Metrovías and Trenes de Buenos Aires to take over the running of commuter railway services in Buenos Aires after concessions granted to Metropolitano in 1994 for the operation of these services were revoked.

Metropolitano, a company formed in 1994 to take over rail concessions granted by the Argentine government, as part of railway privatisation during the presidency of Carlos Menem, operated commuter rail services over Línea San Martín, Línea Roca and Línea Belgrano Sur in Buenos Aires which had previously been run by state-owned companies since nationalisation of the railways in 1948. In spite of the large state subsidies received by the company a serious decline in the standard of its services led to the concession for the San Martin Line being revoked in 2004 and to these services being taken over by the newly formed UGOFE. When concessions for the other two Lines were revoked in 2007, UGOFE assumed control of these services as well.

History
The UGOFE was established as a S.A. on January 7, 2005 through a consortium formed by Ferrovías, Metrovías and Trenes de Buenos Aires (the companies operating the urban services in Buenos Aires Province) with the purpose of taking over the San Martín line until the Government of Argentina gave it in concession to a private company.

The salaries of UGOFE employees were paid by the Government through the Ferrocarril Belgrano S.A., a freight rail company that had been separated from Ferrocarriles Argentinos. On May 22, 2007, when the Government revoked the contract to operate the Roca and Belgrano Sur lines, the UGOFE took over those lines temporarily on June 7 that year.

On May 24, 2012, the contract with TBA to operate the Mitre and Sarmiento lines was revoked after the Once station rail disaster. Both lines were temporarily operated by a consortium formed by Ferrovías and Metrovías, being TBA excluded from UGOFE a few days later.

On February 12, 2014, the Government of Argentina announced that some companies would take over the lines operated by UGOFE. The consortium was officially dissolved.

Chronology

References

External links

Official website (archived, 6 Aug 2013)

Defunct railway companies of Argentina
Railway companies established in 2005
Railway companies disestablished in 2014
Rail transport in Buenos Aires Province


In recent years, the use of biologically inspired methods such as the evolutionary algorithm have been increasingly employed to solve and analyze complex computational problems. BELBIC (Brain Emotional Learning Based Intelligent Controller) is one such controller which is proposed by Caro Lucas, Danial Shahmirzadi and Nima Sheikholeslami and adopts the network model developed by Moren and Balkenius to mimic those parts of the brain which are known to produce emotion (namely, the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus and sensory input cortex).

Emotions and learning

Traditionally, the study of learning in biological systems was conducted at the expense of overlooking its lesser known counterparts: motivation and emotion. However these phenomena can not be separated. Motivation is the drive that causes any system to do anything – without it, there is no reason to act. Emotions indicate how successful a course of actions have been and whether another set of actions should have been taken instead – they are a constant feedback to the learning system. Learning on the other hand, guarantees that motivation and emotional subsystems are able to adapt to constantly changing conditions.

Thus, in the study of biological organisms, emotions have arisen to prominence as an integral part of any biologically inspired system. But how does any living organism benefit from its emotions? It is crucial to answer this question as we attempt to increasingly employ biologically inspired methods in solving computational problems.

Every creature has innate abilities that accommodate its survival in the world. It can identify food, shelter, partners, and danger. But these "simple mappings between stimuli and reactions will not be enough to keep the organisms from encountering problems." For example, if a given animal knows that its predator has qualities A, B and C, it will escape all creatures that have those qualities. And thus waste much of its energy and resources on non-existent danger.

We can not expect evolution to provide more advanced algorithms for assessing danger, because the predator is also evolving at the same speed. Thus, biological systems need to be equipped with the ability to learn. This learning and re-learning mechanism allows them to adapt to highly complex and advanced situations.

To learn effectively, every learning organism needs an evaluation of the current situation and also feedback on how beneficial the results of learning were. On the most part, these evaluation mechanisms are built-in. And so we encounter a new problem: whereas creatures take appropriate measures in real time based on their evaluations, these built-in evaluation procedures are developed in evolutionary time. But all creatures need to learn of new evaluation techniques in their lifetime just as they learn the proper reactions.

This is where the ability to condition emotional reactions comes into play. Biological organisms associate innate emotional stimuli with other stimuli they encounter in the world and thus give them an emotional significance when needed. These evaluations can be monitored to operate at very specific times, specific places or when accompanied by other specific stimuli.

There is another reason why these observations are so significant and that is the creation of artificial systems. These systems do not evolve over time but are designed with certain abilities from the start. Thus, their adaptability must be built-in.

Computational model

A model is a simplified description of a phenomenon. It brings to life some aspects of this phenomenon while overlooking others. What aspects are kept in the model and what are overlooked greatly depends on the topic of study. Thus, the nature of a model depends on the purpose the investigator plans to carry out. A computational model is one which can be mathematically analyzed, tested and simulated using computer systems.

To construct a computational model of emotional learning in the brain requires a thorough analysis of the amygdala  and the orbitofrontal cortex and the interaction between them:

In mammals, emotional responses are processed in a part of the brain called the limbic system which lies in the cerebral cortex. The main components of the limbic system are the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus and the sensory cortex.

The amygdala is an almond shaped area that is placed such that it can communicate with all other cortices within the limbic system. The primary affective conditioning of the system occurs within the amygdala. That is, the association between a stimulus and its emotional consequence takes place in this region.

It has been suggested that learning takes place in two fundamental steps. First, a particular stimulus is correlated with an emotional response. This stimulus can be an endless number of phenomena from observing a face, to detecting a scent, hearing a noise, etc. Second, this emotional consequence shapes an association between the stimulus and the response. This analysis is quite influential in part because it was one of the first to suggest that emotions play a key part in learning. In more recent studies, it has been shown that the association between a stimulus and its emotional consequence take place in the amygdala. "In this region, highly analyzed stimulus representations in the cortex are associated with an emotional value. Therefore, emotions are properties of stimuli".

The task of the amygdala is thus to assign a primary emotional value to each stimulus that has been paired with a primary reinforcer – the reinforcer is the reward and punishment that the mammal receives. This task is aided by the orbitofrontal complex. "In terms of learning theory, the amygdala appears to handle the presentation of primary reinforcement, while the orbitofrontal cortex is involved in the detection of omission of reinforcement."

The first thing we notice in the computational model developed by Moren and Balkenius is that quite a number of interacting learning systems exist in the brain that deal with emotional learning. The computational model is presented below where:

 Th : Thalamus
 CX : Sensory Cortex
 A  : Input structures in the amygdala
 E  : Output structures in the amygdala
 O  : Orbitofrontal Cortex
 Rew/Pun : External signals identifying the presentation of reward and punishment
 CR/UR   : conditioned response/unconditioned response
 V  : Associative strength from cortical representation to the amygdala that is changed by learning
 W  : Inhibitory connection from orbitofrontal cortex to the amygdala that is changed during learning

This image shows that the sensory input enters through the thalamus TH. In biological systems, the thalamus takes on the task of initiating the process of a response to stimuli. It does so by passing the signal to the amygdala and the sensory cortex.

This signal is then analyzed in the cortical area – CX. In biological systems, the sensory cortex operates by distributing the incoming signals appropriately between the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex. This sensory representation in CX is then sent to the amygdala A, through the pathway V.

This is the main pathway for learning in this model. Reward and punishment enter the amygdala to strengthen the connection between the amygdala and the pathway. At a later stage if a similar representation is activated in the cortex, E becomes activated and produces an emotional response.

O, the orbitofrontal cortex, operates based on the difference between the perceived (i.e. expected) reward/punishment and the actual received reward/punishment. This perceived reward/punishment is the one that has been developed in the brain over time using learning mechanisms and it reaches the orbitofrontal cortex via the sensory cortex and the amygdala. The received reward/punishment on the other hand, comes courtesy of the outside world and is the actual reward/punishment that the specie has just obtained. If these two are identical, the output is the same as always through E. If not, the orbitofrontal cortex inhibits and restrains emotional response to make way for further learning. So the path W is only activated in such conditions.

Controller

In most industrial processes that contain complex nonlinearities, control algorithms are used to create linearized models. One reason is that these linear models are developed using straightforward methods from process test data.

However, if the process is highly complex and nonlinear, subject to frequent disturbances, a nonlinear model will be required. Biologically motivated intelligent controllers have been increasingly employed in these situations. Amongst them, fuzzy logic, neural networks and genetic algorithms are some of the most widely employed tools in control applications with highly complex, nonlinear settings.

BELBIC is one such nonlinear controller – a neuromorphic controller based on the computational learning model shown above to produce the control action. This model is employed much like an algorithm in these control engineering applications. In these new approaches, intelligence is not given to the system from the outside but is actually acquired by the system itself.

This simple model has been employed as a feedback controller to be applied to control design problems. One logic behind this use in control engineering is a belief held by many experts in the field that there has been too much focus on fully rational deliberative approaches, whereas in many real-world circumstances, we are only provided with a bounded rationality. Factors like computational complexity, multiplicity of objectives and prevalence of uncertainty lead to a desire to obtain more ad-hoc, rule-of-thumb approaches. Emotional decision making is highly capable of addressing these issues because it is neither fully cognitive nor fully behavioral.

BELBIC, which is a model free controller, suffers from the same drawback of all intelligent model free controllers: it cannot be applied on unstable systems or systems with unstable equilibrium point. This is a natural result of the trial and error manner of the learning procedure, i.e. exploration for finding the appropriate control signals can lead to instability. By integrating imitative learning and fuzzy inference systems, BELBIC is generalized in order to be capable of controlling unstable systems.

Applications

To date, BELBIC and its modified versions have been tested on the following applications:

 HVAC Systems (heating, ventilating and air conditioning): these are some of the most challenging plants in control systems which consume 50% of the total world energy consumption.
 Unstable Systems (or stable systems with unstable equilibrium point)
 Inverted pendulum systems
 Nonlinear systems
 Cell-to-Cell Mapping Algorithm
 Electrically heated micro heat exchanger: this device has been developed to accelerate fluid and heat exchange in reduced systems.
 RoboCup Rescue Simulation: a large, multi-agent system is one of the most challenging environments to control and coordinate because there needs to be a precise coordination between agents.
 Control of intelligent washing machines: intelligent control of home appliances has gained considerable attention by scientists and the industry in recent years. In the case of washing machines, intelligent control could mean both easier use and energy and water conservation.
 Autolanding system
 Speed Regulation of DC motors
 Active queue management
 Aerospace launch vehicle control
 Impossibles AIBO 4-legged Robocup competition
 Predicting geomagnetic activity index; In this application, the various extended models are proposed by researchers. Babaei et al. presented multi agent model of brain emotional learning and Lotfi and Akbarzadeh proposed supervised learning version of brain emotional learning to forecast Geomagnetic Activity Indices.,
 Gene expression microarray classification.,
 Speed control of switched reluctance motor
 Intelligent control of Micro Heat Exchanger
 Model Free Control of Overhead Travelling Crane
 Autopilot Control Design for a 2-DOF Helicopter Model
 Path Tracking for a Car
 Attitude Control of a quadrotor
 Digital Servo System
Multi-Agent Systems
Secondary Control of Microgrids
Position control of a real laboratorial EHS actuator: Electrohydraulic servo valves are known to be nonlinear and non-smooth due to many factors such as leakage, friction, hysteresis, null shift, saturation, dead zone, and especially fluid flow expression through the servomechanism.

See also
 Fuzzy logic
 Evolutionary algorithm
 Neural network
 Genetic algorithm
 Caro Lucas

References

External links
A Practical Tutorial on Genetic Algorithm Programming a Genetic Algorithm step by step.
Fuzzy logic – article at Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
International Society for Genetic and Evolutionary Computation
IEEE Computational Intelligence Society (IEEE CIS)
A collection of non-linear models and demo applets (in Monash University's Virtual Lab)
Nonlinear Dynamics I: Chaos at MIT's OpenCourseWare
 PSO-BELBIC scheme for two-coupled distillation column process
 Brain Emotional Learning-inspired Models

Cognitive science
Control engineering


Ursa Astronomical Association () is the largest astronomical association in Finland. Ursa was founded on 2 November 1921. Founding members include a renowned Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä. In 1926 Ursa established the Ursa Observatory in Kaivopuisto district of Helsinki. In 2007 the Tähtikallio Observatory & Education Center was established in Artjärvi, its current equipment includes an Astrofox 36" Folded Newtonian Open tube telescope, an Alluna 16" Ritchey-Chrétien telescope, a Meade 16" LX200GPS Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope, a Sky-Watcher ED 120mm refractor telescope fitted with a Baader AstroSolar Solar Filter and a piggybacked Coronado SolarMax 40 H-Alpha telescope. Ursa's primary functions include advancing amateur astronomy and astronomical education. They have also published a magazine Tähdet ja avaruus since 1971. Anyone can join Ursa for an annual fee.

Sections
The organization has thirteen sections specialized in different aspects of amateur astronomy (and meteorology):
 Solar section
 Halo section
 Instrument section
 Atmospheric optical phenomena section
 Clubs and organization
 Lunar, planetary and cometary section
 Mathematics and information technology section
 Meteor section
 Storm chasing section
 Minor planet and occultation section
 Aurora section
 Deep sky section
 Satellite section

In addition, Ursa has two loosely organized hobby groups:

 Variable stars
 Observation conditions

See also
 List of astronomical societies

References

External links
 English section of Ursa website

Organizations established in 1921
Amateur astronomy organizations
Scientific organisations based in Finland


Sculcoates railway station was a railway station on the North Eastern Railway's Victoria Dock Branch Line in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was first opened by the York and North Midland Railway on 1 June 1853 and closed in November 1854. It was reopened in August 1865, before closing permanently on 9 June 1912.

The station has been demolished but an associated railway goods shed remains in use by a road haulage firm.

References

Disused railway stations in Kingston upon Hull
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1853
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1912
Former York and North Midland Railway stations
Hull and Holderness Railway
Hull and Hornsea Railway
Sculcoates


Maren Kroymann (; born 19 July 1949) is a German actress, comedian and singer.

Career
Kroymann was born in Walsrode. She studied English, Roman studies, and American studies at University of Tübingen. After spending time in Paris and the United States, Kroymann moved to Berlin, where she sang in the Hanns-Eisler Choir. As Nachtschwester Kroymann (1993–1997), she was the first woman in German public television with her own satirical show. In recent years, Kroymann has appeared in a number of German films.

Awards
 2019 Rose d'Or Lifetime Achievement Award
 2019 Grimme Preis for comedy show Kroymann
 2020 Carl-Zuckmayer-Medaille
 2020  (Honorary Award)
 2021 Deutscher Comedypreis for lifetime achievement

Personal life
Kroymann is gay. In an interview with the German Taz, Kroymann has said that she always wanted people to know that she was a lesbian, but also that she can still play any role that she would be able to play if people didn't know that she was gay, and that it took some time before producers finally accepted the fact that an out lesbian can play straight characters.

Filmography (selection)

 1986: Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg (Hikes through the March of Brandenburg, based on the travelogue by Theodor Fontane) IMDb
 1988: Oh Gott, Herr Pfarrer (Oh God, Reverend)
 1990: Baldur Blauzahn (Baldur Bluetooth)
 1992: Vera Wesskamp
 1992:
 1992:  (No Pardon)
 1993–1997: Nachtschwester Kroymann (Night Nurse Kroymann, comedy show)
 1996: The Superwife
 1998: Gisbert
 1998: Der Campus (The Campus)
 1999: Schande (Shame)
 2000: Tatort: Bienzle und das Doppelspiel (Bienzle and the Double Game)
 2001–2007: Mein Leben & Ich (My Life and I)
 2001: Durch dick und dünn (Through Thick and Thin)
 2003: Der Preis der Wahrheit (The Price of the Truth)
 2004: Ein Baby zum Verlieben (A Baby to Fall in Love)
 2004: Tatort: Bienzle und der steinerne Gast (Bienzle and the Guest of Stone)
 2006: Nicht ohne meine Schwiegereltern (Not without my Inlaws)
 2006:  ( Punish Me)
 2007: Pastewka (TV series, guest)
 2008:
 2008: The Wave
 2009:
 2009: Horst Schlämmer – Isch kandidiere!
 2010: The Hairdresser
 2013: Free Fall
 2014: Zu mir oder zu dir?
 2016: Too Hard to Handle
 2017–2021: Kroymann (comedy show)
 2018:
 2020: How to Sell Drugs Online (Fast)
 2021: Mutter kündigt (Mother resigns)
 2021: Mona & Marie

References

External links

1949 births
Living people
German film actresses
German women singers
German LGBT rights activists
German LGBT singers
German lesbian actresses
German lesbian musicians
Lesbian singers
German television actresses
20th-century German actresses
21st-century German actresses
German women comedians
People from Heidekreis


Sport Wales (Welsh: Chwaraeon Cymru) is the national organisation responsible for developing and promoting sport and physical activity in Wales. Working alongside partners such as governing bodies of sport and local authorities, they aim to encourage sporting ambitions in the young and promote championship standards nationally.

They are the main adviser on sporting matters to the Welsh Government and are responsible for distributing National Lottery funds to both elite and grassroots sport in Wales.

National centres

Sport Wales National Centre

The Sport Wales National Centre, located in Sophia Gardens, Cardiff, was established in 1972 to provide facilities to help develop Welsh sport. It is the national sports centre for Wales and is part of a network of facilities enabling Wales to compete in international sport.

The centre has indoor sports halls, next to Glamorgan CCC's SWALEC Stadium in Sophia Gardens. Sports activities in the Main Hall include gymnastics, table tennis, trampoline, badminton, netball, basketball, archery, martial arts, fencing, dance and boxing. The site also contains squash courts and weight training rooms. Outdoors, the Institute has an international standard permeable artificial pitch, which is one of the home international venues for Welsh hockey. The pitch is also used for lacrosse and football. Their outdoor tennis courts are also used for netball and five-a-side football.

Some of the country's national teams train at the Sport Wales National Centre, including the Wales National Rugby Team (on the Institute's full-size, floodlit rugby pitch), Wales National Badminton Team, the Wales national netball team and the Wales National Gymnastic Team. Owned and operated by Sport Wales, the Institute supports national governing bodies of sport and acts as a training base for elite athletes.

Several of the country's multi-sport agencies have their headquarters at the Sport Wales National Centre. Including the Welsh Sports Association the National Governing Bodies Coaches, the Federation of Disability Sport Wales and Sport Wales.

Governing bodies of sports in Wales with their headquarters at the Sport Wales National Centre include Basketball Wales, Welsh Judo Association, Welsh Gymnastics, Welsh Hockey and Squash Wales.

Plas Menai
Plas Menai, owned and run by Sport Wales, is the National Watersports Centre for Wales (). A purpose-built watersports centre on the Menai Strait, Gwynedd, overlooking Anglesey, it was opened in 1986. Watersports courses are run at the centre, including canoeing, cruising (yachting), dinghy sailing, kayaking, powerboating and windsurfing.

The centre is also the headquarters of the Welsh Yachting Association () (WYA), the governing body for the sports of powerboating, sailing and windsurfing in Wales. The Welsh Yachting Association is jointly funded by Sport Wales and the Royal Yachting Association (RYA). Sailing clubs in Wales are members of the RYA and, as individuals must join the RYA to race, the WYA has no personal members. Its purpose is "... to feed the RYA GBR performance pathway, and ultimately Team GBR 2012 and beyond". Wales contributed 10 -15% to the Great Britain Olympic Sailing Squads in 2008.

Other Facilities
Key national and regional facilities include the Welsh Rugby Union Centre of Excellence at the Vale Resort, the Wales National Football Development Centre, Wales National Velodrome in Newport and the National Whitewater Centre in Bala and regional centres abound across a number of sports. National Lottery funding has been invested into these facilities.

The 2012 Olympic Games was the most successful for any Welsh contingent in 100 years. More than 25% of the Great Britain Paralympic team's gold medals in 2008 came from Welsh sportsmen and women, who made up around 16% of the team. With help from the National Lottery, Sport Wales has invested in the Wales National Velodrome, Wales National Pool, and other national and regional centres across a number of sports such as athletics, swimming and golf, as well as a National Centre of Excellence for rugby which opened in 2009.

References

External links
 Sport Wales website
 Plas Menai website

Physical education in the United Kingdom

Sports organisations of the United Kingdom
Welsh Government sponsored bodies
1972 establishments in Wales
Sports organizations established in 1972


Keswick School is a coeducational 11–18 academy in Cumbria, UK with 1360 pupils on roll. There are 309 students in the sixth form and 40 boarders.

The school is the successor of the former free grammar school of Keswick, founded at the latest by 1591.

The symbols on the schools crest are a reference to the miracles of Saint Mungo.

Two pupils of the school were killed on 24 May 2010 when a coach returning from a school trip was involved in a traffic collision on the A66 road.

School performance and inspections

, the school's most recent inspection by Ofsted was in 2014, with a judgement of Outstanding.

References

External links
 School Profile
 School Website

Boarding schools in Cumbria

Secondary schools in Cumberland (unitary authority)
Academies in Cumberland (unitary authority)
Keswick, Cumbria


The Island is a ZX Spectrum text adventure developed and released by Crystal Computing in 1983. The player is the survivor of a plane crash. The aim of the game is to find the valuable treasure and escape from the island.

Reception
"Compared to similar adventures, The Island is dull stuff with nothing out of the ordinary to recommend it.". Sinclair User

"It seems unlikely that any Spectrum owner will find it fun for more than a few minutes to play this repetitive, text-only adventure, which is filled with the programmer's inane humour". Sinclair Programs

References

External links

1980s interactive fiction
1983 video games
Europe-exclusive video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games set on islands
ZX Spectrum games
ZX Spectrum-only games
Crystal Computing games


Wilmington railway station was a station that served the suburb of Wilmington, Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was on the Hull and Hornsea Railway and acted as a temporary terminus of the line.

It was replaced in 1912 by a station of the same name west of Wilmington junction on the Victoria Dock Branch Line. The station closed 1964.

History

1864–1912

The station was constructed at the Hull end of the Hull and Hornsea Railway, directly east of its junction (Wilmington junction) with the Victoria Dock Branch Line. The Hull and Hornsea opened 28 March 1864, with services terminating at Wilmington. Through running from Hornsea  to Paragon station was planned from 1 June 1864, but delayed until 1 July due to the safety requirements of the board of trade.

The station closed after 9 June 1912.

1912–1964

In 1912 a new station was constructed west of the original on the Victoria Dock Branch Line; the level crossing at Cleveland Street was replaced with a bridge, at the same time a new double track swing bridge was constructed over the River Hull, slightly to the north of the original single track line. The station was built to an island platform design, accessed via a subway at the booking office on Foster Street.

The new station came into use in June 1912, replacing both the 1854 Wilmington station, and Sculcoates station to the west.

The station closed to passengers on 19 October 1964. As of 2010 the 1912 booking office and an entrance to a subway under the former trackbed are still extant, (as of 2014 in use as cafe).

References

Sources

External links

Disused railway stations in Kingston upon Hull
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1864
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1964
Former North Eastern Railway (UK) stations
Beeching closures in England
Hull and Hornsea Railway
Hull and Holderness Railway


Mapo-gu Office Station is a Seoul Metropolitan Subway station near the Mapo district office in Seoul, opened in December 2000.

Station layout

Exits
 Exit 1 : Seoul Traffic & Safe public corporation, Sinbuk elementary school, Sungsan 2dong town office, Ways to Gyeryong, Daerim, Sungsan Siyoung, Sewon, Iaan apartment complex, Southern part of Seoul World Cup
 Exit 2 : Sungsan 2 dong, Benz-Hanseong vehicles (service center), several apartment complex.
 Exit 3 : Mapo gu office, Seongsu middle school, Seongsan 1dong office
 Exit 5 : Hapjeong-no, Worldcup market
 Exit 6 : Mangwon 2 police center, Mangwon elementary school
 Exit 7 : Seongsanno, Civil park of Han River

References

Metro stations in Mapo District
Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations
Railway stations in South Korea opened in the 2000s
Railway stations in South Korea opened in 2000


Henry Gregory (1744–1782) was an English mathematical and optical instrument maker. Gregory was apprenticed to John Fowler in 1732  and was himself in business from c. 1750–1792 from premises in Francis Court, Clerkenwell, London and an establishment known as "The Azimuth Compass" in Leadenhall Street, London.  His company later became known as Gregory and Son.

Gregory manufactured navigational instruments, including quadrants of the type invented by John Hadley and compasses. One of his azimuth compasses traveled with the explorer James Cook on his second voyage to the southern Pacific Ocean in 1772–1775.  An azimuth compass is a compass fitted with vertical sights, used to take the magnetic azimuth of a star or planet. Surviving examples of the azimuth compass exist in the collections of the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich and the Smithsonian National Museum of American History.

References

1744 births
English inventors
1782 deaths
British scientific instrument makers
Engineers from London


Sutton-on-Hull railway station was a railway station that served the village of Sutton-on-Hull in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was on the Hull and Hornsea Railway.

The station opened on 28 March 1864, and was originally named "Sutton", on 1 December 1874 the station became "Sutton-on-Hull". The station closed following the Beeching Report on 19 October 1964 and the station building was demolished; the station-master's house is still extant and is a private residence.

References

External links
 Sutton-on-Hull station on navigable 1947 O. S. map

Disused railway stations in Kingston upon Hull
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1864
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1964
Former North Eastern Railway (UK) stations
Beeching closures in England
Hull and Hornsea Railway


Djorkaeff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
 Jean Djorkaeff (born 1939),  retired French footballer
 Micha Djorkaeff (born 1974), French footballer
 Oan Djorkaeff (born 1997), French footballer
 Youri Djorkaeff (born 1968), retired French international footballer, son of Jean


Red Mecca is the third studio album by English industrial band Cabaret Voltaire, released in September 1981 through Rough Trade Records.

Background
While touring the United States in November 1979, Cabaret Voltaire became strongly interested in the rise of the Christian right and its use of television, especially the fund-raising broadcasts of TV evangelist Eugene Scott. They compared this to the rise of Islamism, devoting a side to each strand of religious politics on their 1980 mini-album Three Mantras. Red Mecca was a culmination of this interest. According to Richard H. Kirk: "The whole Afghanistan situation was kicking off, Iran had the American hostages [...] we were taking notice [...] it's not called [Red Mecca] by coincidence. We weren't referencing the fucking Mecca Ballroom in Nottingham!"

Red Mecca was recorded at Western Works in Sheffield in May 1981.

Release
Red Mecca reached No. 1 on the UK Independent Albums chart.

Critical reception

NME named Red Mecca the ninth best album of 1981.

Andy Kellman of AllMusic retrospectively praised the album, writing, "Unlike a fair portion of CV's studio output, Red Mecca features no failed experiments or anything that could be merely cast off as 'interesting.' It's a taught, dense, horrific slab lacking a lull." Uncut cited Red Mecca as Cabaret Voltaire's "masterpiece", where the band "struck the perfect balance between experimentalism and entryism". Record Collectors Ian Shirley called it "a seismic release" and noted "its timeless sheen, with the Cabs' use of echo, space and phasing lending depth and vibrancy to the album." In 2019, Pitchfork ranked Red Mecca as the fourth best industrial album of all time, deeming it a "paranoid, claustrophobic masterpiece".

Track listing

Personnel
 Cabaret Voltaire

 Christopher R. Watson – organ, tape, production, recording, sleeve design
 Richard H. Kirk – synthesizer, guitar, clarinet, horns, strings, production, recording, sleeve design
 Stephen Mallinder – vocals, bass guitar, bongos, production, recording, sleeve design

 Additional personnel

 Nik Allday – drums
 Porky – mastering
 Neville Brody – sleeve design

References

External links

1981 albums
Cabaret Voltaire (band) albums
Music in Sheffield
Rough Trade Records albums


Kari Ukkonen (born 19 February 1961) is a Finnish former football player and current football manager. As player, Ukkonen was fielded as defender as well as midfielder.

Ukkonen represented Finland at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Three years later, he earned his first cap for Finland in a 1–1 draw against Poland. The same year, Ukkonen was voted Finnish Footballer of the Year by sports journalists and the Football Association of Finland.

In between, in 1982, Ukkonen had moved from Finland to Belgium, when he was bought by Cercle Brugge. Ukkonen made his Belgian début on 13 November, when Cercle defeated SV Waregem with 2–1. Ukkonen would go on to win the Belgian Cup with Cercle in 1985. Ukkonen would spend most of his career in Belgium, also playing for other First division teams as Lokeren, Anderlecht and Royal Antwerp. Ukkonen ended his playing career with French side LB Châteauroux. He stayed in football as manager. First he was coach of Finland's national youth team. He was head coach of Finland at the 2001 World Youth Championship in Argentina. His next job was manager of Turun Palloseura.

Honours
Belgian Cup:
Winner (4): 1985, 1988, 1989, 1992
Runner-up (1): 1986
Belgian First Division:
Winner (1): 1990–91
Runner-up (2): 1988–89, 1989–90

References

Cerclemuseum.be
Kari Ukkonen player profile

1961 births
Living people
Finnish men's footballers
Finland men's international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football midfielders
Finnish football managers
Footballers from Kuopio
Olympic footballers for Finland
Footballers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Cercle Brugge K.S.V. players
K.S.C. Lokeren Oost-Vlaanderen players
R.S.C. Anderlecht players
Royal Antwerp F.C. players
LB Châteauroux players
Belgian Pro League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Men's association football utility players
Turun Palloseura managers
Mestaruussarja players


Pierre de Bellefeuille, OC (May 12, 1923 – September 30, 2015) was a Canadian politician and a two-term Member of the National Assembly of Quebec.

Background
He was born on May 12, 1923, in Ottawa, Ontario. He became an accountant.

Federal politics
De Bellefeuille ran as a New Democratic Party candidate in the 1972 election in the federal district of Ahuntsic. He finished second against Liberal candidate Jeanne Sauvé.

Member of the National Assembly
He ran as a Parti Québécois candidate in the 1976 election against Liberal incumbent Jean-Paul L'Allier in the provincial district of Deux-Montagnes and won. He served as a parliamentary assistant from 1976 to 1984.

He was re-elected in the 1981 election, but he crossed the floor during the Parti Québécois Crisis of 1984. He sat as an Independent by November 20, 1984, and became the only sitting Member of the Parti indépendantiste.

de Bellefeuille ran for re-election as a candidate of that party in the 1985 election. He finished third.

Footnotes

1923 births
2015 deaths
New Democratic Party candidates for the Canadian House of Commons
Parti Québécois MNAs
Politicians from Ottawa
Quebec candidates for Member of Parliament
Officers of the Order of Canada


Port Solent is the commercial business name of a housing and leisure development located in the Paulsgrove suburb of the English city of Portsmouth, Hampshire, comprising a marina, a housing estate, shopping and leisure facilities.

The Port Solent development was built during the late 1980s on reclaimed land taken from the east side of Paulsgrove Lake in Portsmouth Harbour, specifically between the north of Horsea Island and the shoreline of Paulsgrove Quay in Paulsgrove.

Facilities for residents and visitors include a multiscreen cinema, health club, and restaurants and shops along a precinct known as The Boardwalk. The marina is owned and managed by Premier Marinas.

Port Solent was officially opened on 29 July 1988 by H.R.H. Anne, The Princess Royal. The first boat to use Port Solent was the 36-foot cutter Lively Lady, sailed by Sir Alec Rose (1908-1991).

Port Solent is politically within the Paulsgrove electoral ward and the Portsmouth North UK Parliament constituency.

The main entrance road junction into the Port Solent development is built almost exactly over the site of the former Paulsgrove Quay shoreline.

Land Reclamation
The land for the residential section of Port Solent and the nearby M275 motorway spur was reclaimed during the 1970s by draining the marshland and the eastern mudflat sections of the Paulsgrove Lake water channel within Portsmouth Harbour.  The present-day grassy southern section of the development is a former Portsmouth City Council owned rubbish dump, which bridged the northern side of Horsea Island to the former Paulsgrove Lake area and was covered with grass turf when filled.  There are many methane gas outlets situated to the south and at the southern edge of the site, allowing the gases occurring from the decomposing waste beneath the site to escape.

References

Marinas in England


Molly Crabapple (born Jennifer Caban; 1983) is an American artist and writer. She is a contributing editor for VICE and has written for a variety of other outlets, as well as publishing books, including an illustrated memoir, Drawing Blood (2015), Discordia (with Laurie Penny) on the Greek economic crisis, and the art books Devil in the Details and Week in Hell (2012). Her works are held in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art, The Barjeel Art Foundation and the New-York Historical Society.

Early life
Molly Crabapple was born Jennifer Caban in 1983 in Queens, New York City, New York to a Puerto Rican father and a Jewish mother, who was the daughter of a Belarusian immigrant. Crabapple began drawing at the age of four with guidance from her mother, an illustrator who worked on toy product packaging. Crabapple has remembered herself at age 12 as a "snotty goth moppet in a pair of Doc Martens, who blared Hole on her Walkman, drew headless cheerleaders, and read the Marquis de Sade in class". Her school diagnosed her with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and she was expelled from the seventh grade. Crabapple has described herself in high school as "gothy, dorky, and hated". She never liked her given name, so she started using the name Molly Crabapple after a boyfriend suggested it reflected her character.

After graduating from high school at age 17, Crabapple traveled to Europe. In Paris, she was welcomed by George Whitman, the proprietor of the English-language bookstore Shakespeare and Company. After receiving a notebook as a gift she began drawing on a serious basis.

Career
Crabapple went on to work as a life model and a burlesque performer, and modeled for the Society of Illustrators. At age 19, she was modeling for SuicideGirls and responding to Craigslist ads for nude photographic modeling. Crabapple earned more money modeling than at a typical day job and continued working on her illustrations. She briefly attended the Fashion Institute of Technology, withdrawing during her first year. For four years she worked as the house artist for the Box, a New York City nightclub. Crabapple has called her time at the Box her "artistic coming-of-age".

Dr. Sketchy's Anti-Art School

After working as an artist's model, Crabapple became disenchanted with the structure of a formal sketch class. She believed that life drawing courses were fine for teaching students about anatomy, but that the models were treated more like objects than people, and that the sexual aspects of modeling were ignored.

In 2005, she and illustrator A. V. Phibes founded Dr. Sketchy's Anti-Art School, a burlesque life-drawing class. At a typical sketching session, artists may drink alcohol while sketching burlesque models, and play art games in a venues ranging from bars to art museums. After an artist inquired about starting a Dr. Sketchy's in Melbourne, Australia, it began to spread around the world. As of 2010, there were approximately 150 licensees using the Dr. Sketchy's name.

Comics

Crabapple has contributed her illustrations to a number of comics, often with writer John Leavitt. They worked on Backstage (2008), a webcomic at Act-i-vate that tells the story of how fire eater Scarlett O'Herring was murdered. Scarlett Takes Manhattan (2009), a graphic novel published by Fugu Press, is a prequel to Backstage. Puppet Makers (2011), a steampunk web comic that depicts an alternate history of the industrial revolution and the court of Versailles, was released for digital download by DC Comics. Crabapple also illustrated two Marvel anthologies, Strange Tales vol. 2 and Girl Comics vol. 2.

Occupy Wall Street
In September 2011, Crabapple was living in a studio near Zuccotti Park. Occupy Wall Street protesters had begun to use the park as a camp for their movement, artists began creating posters, and Crabapple contributed work and engaged in the movement. "Before Occupy I felt like using my art for activist causes was exploitive of activist causes", she told the Village Voice. "I think what Occupy let me do was it allowed me to, instead of just donating money to politics or just going to marches, it allowed me to engage my art in politics." Artists and journalists who had come from all over the world to report on the protests used Crabapple's apartment as an "impromptu salon" for the Occupy movement. In Discordia (2012), British journalist Laurie Penny remembered how "Occupy Wall Street had set up camp two streets away from Crabapple's apartment in Manhattan and we'd just spent a sleepless week documenting arrests. Molly perched at her desk churning out protest posters and handing them to activists to copy and wheat-paste all over the financial district...After three days, the word went out that there was an apartment near the protest camp where you could find hot drinks, basic medical attention and a place to charge your gadgets and file copy. The flat became a temporary sanctuary for stray activists and journalists" "I started doing protest posters", Crabapple has recalled. "And in doing these, I found my voice." Author Matt Taibbi called Crabapple "Occupy's greatest artist", noting the use of the "vampire squid" theme in her Occupy artwork. A fan of Taibbi's writing,  Crabapple had read his 2009 Rolling Stone article "The Great American Bubble Machine", in which Taibbi called Goldman Sachs "a great vampire squid wrapped around the face of humanity, relentlessly jamming its blood funnel into anything that smells like money." When Crabapple used Taibbi's metaphor as a stencil depicting a vampire squid and released it for anyone to use, it went viral throughout the Occupy movement.

On September 17, 2012, Crabapple was among a group of protesters arrested during a rally to mark the one-year anniversary of the Occupy Wall Street movement. She wrote about her experience in a CNN opinion piece. In 2013, the Museum of Modern Art acquired "Poster for the May Day General Strike, 2012" for its Occuprint Portfolio. The poster is a collaborative work by Crabapple, John Leavitt, and Melissa Dowell. It shows a woman holding a match, playing off the word "strike" as an homage to the London matchgirls' strike of 1888.

Art projects
In September 2011, Crabapple engaged in a week-long performance art piece, "Week in Hell". She locked herself inside a hotel room, covered the walls with paper, and spent the next five days filling the paper with illustrations. The project was funded on Kickstarter, garnering 745 backers and over $20,000. In pitching the work, she wrote, "I'm interested in what happens when an artist leaves their studio, their cliches, and their comfort zone and draws beyond the limits of their endurance." Every day of the endeavor was live-streamed to backers. During the week she was continuously visited by friends and fellow artists. A book documenting the project, Art of Molly Crabapple Volume 1: Week in Hell, was released in March 2012.

In 2012, Crabapple raised $30,000 on Kickstarter for The Shell Game, a project involving the creation of ten paintings about the Great Recession. She met her goal in two days, ultimately raising $64,799. An exhibition was held at New York City's Smart Clothes Gallery in April 2013. The show sold out. Uzoamaka Maduka of The American Reader wrote that the paintings were reminiscent of political cartoons during the Gilded Age and the Tammany Hall period of American history, which depicted similar subjects, like "greed, corruption, and structural treason...around the American ideal, and how that ideal is both undone and constructed by these forces." Crabapple wrote in her memoir that she regards drawing as "exposure, confrontation, or reckoning. Every line a weapon."

Illustrated journalism
Starting in 2013, Crabapple began to make trips to the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base to sketch Guantanamo military commission hearings. Her drawings, accompanied by written accounts, were first published in Vice magazine under the title "It Don't Gitmo Better Than This". Further articles and illustrations were released by Vice and The Paris Review.

In 2015, Crabapple collaborated with FUSION on an animation of a series of illustrations by Crabapple. She also wrote and narrated the video. The video portrays how the policing strategy Broken Windows Theory has been incorporated in New York City. Like other critics, Crabapple objects to the strategy as discriminating against ethnic minorities. Examples of racial discrimination enabled by the theory Crabapple mentions in the video include Eric Garner, who died after police held him in a chokehold for selling loose cigarettes, and Kang Wong, who was bloodied by police after jaywalking.

Scenes from the Syrian War is a collection of illustrated articles serialized in Vanity Fair and made in collaboration with an anonymous source in Syria. Using photos sent via cellphone, Crabapple recreated rare glimpses of daily life in ISIS-occupied Syria. The series so far consists of "Scenes from Daily Life in the De Facto Capital of ISIS", which focuses on the city of Raqqa, "Scenes from Daily Life Inside ISIS-Controlled Mosul", and "Scenes From Inside Aleppo: How Life Has Been Transformed by Rebel Rule".

The Paris Review also featured Crabapple's sketches of anarchist bikers who provided relief following Hurricane Maria.

Books

In December 2015, HarperCollins published Crabapple's illustrated memoir, Drawing Blood. The book covers her life, from her great-grandfather Sam Rothbort and her rebellious childhood in Far Rockaway, Queens, to her current illustrated journalism projects. Each of its 30 chapters focuses on a period of her life, notably her childhood, her time as a model, her tenure as house artist for the New York and London nightclub The Box, Kim Boekbinder and her involvement with the Occupy movement and other post-financial crisis protests.

Drawing Blood was well received in the press, garnering attention and praise from many major news outlets. The New York Times wrote of it: "The book reads like a notebook of New York, a cultural history of a certain set. Filtered through her eyes, we see 9/11, the excesses of the aughts boom, the aftermath of the crash, Occupy Wall Street, Hurricane Sandy and onward. But what makes the book captivating and sets it apart from other descriptions of these much-reported events is how it is essentially one long glorious description of what Crabapple drew and why she drew it. ... At 32 Crabapple is a lion for her own cause—ferocious and feminist, hardworking and weepy—a new model for this century’s young woman."

In May 2018, Penguin Random House published Brothers of the Gun, co-written (and illustrated) by Crabapple and Marwan Hisham. The book offers an intimate view into the lives of three friends during the beginning of the 2011 Syrian protests through its descent into civil war and violent chaos. One friend is killed by regime forces, another became a revolutionary Islamist and Hisham, a journalist in exile in Turkey.

Brothers of the Gun received several positive reviews, including one from Angela Davis, who wrote: "A revelatory and necessary read on one of the most destructive wars of our time...In great personal detail, Marwan Hisham and Molly Crabapple poignantly capture the tumultuous life in Syria before, after, and during the war—from inside one young man’s consciousness."

In September 2019, Crabapple announced that she would write a book on the Jewish Labor Bund, to be published by Random House.

Animation
In 2010, Crabapple collaborated with Canadian singer Kim Boekbinder and filmmaker Jim Batt on the crowdsourced, stop-motion animated film I Have Your Heart. The film is based on Boekbinder's song "The Organ Donor's March". They raised $17,000 on Kickstarter from over 400 backers in April 2011.

Crabapple continued her collaboration with Boekbinder and Batt to create a series of  five videos on political topics in 2015 for the media website fusion.net. The videos combine live-drawing and animation with voice-over by Crabapple. Each one delves into a controversial or underreported issue and provides facts and commentary on it.

In 2015, Crabapple, Boekbinder, and Batt collaborated with the Equal Justice Initiative to create the video "Slavery to Mass Incarceration". Crabapple illustrates the animations, paired with Executive Director Bryan Stevenson's narration, which depict the history of mass enslavement and modern-day mass incarceration.

In 2016, Crabapple animated a video produced and narrated by Jay-Z, "The War on Drugs Is an Epic Fail", which presents a critical view of how federal drug laws instituted by the Nixon administration in 1971, as well as those implemented by New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller, targeted the Black community, resulting in the explosion of the nation's prison population.

In 2017, Crabapple collaborated with Boekbinder, the ACLU, Laverne Cox, and Zackary Drucker on a video about transgender history and resistance.

Other work
Crabapple learned Arabic and traveled to Turkey and Turkish Kurdistan. Near the Syrian border, she was briefly detained by police. Her impressions of the artistry and culture of the Ottoman Empire in the Near East influenced her style and work.

In 2012, Crabapple was one of several artists CNN commissioned to illustrate the theme of power for a digital art gallery pertaining to the 2012 presidential election, as well as the forces that drive debates over controversial issues such as money, health, race, and gender. Crabapple created the illustration "Big Fish Eat Little Fish Eat Big Fish" for the gallery.

Style and influence
Crabapple uses a crosshatch style of illustration based on Arthur L. Guptill's art technique found in Rendering in Pen and Ink (1976), originally published as Drawing with Pen and Ink (1928). Her style is influenced by Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder, English illustrator Aubrey Beardsley, French painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Russian-American artist Zoetica Ebb, American artist Travis Louie, American photographer Clayton Cubitt, and American illustrator Fred Harper.

Der Spiegel called her approach to writing unique, saying she had created a new role, that of the political journalist-artist ("die politische Journalistenkünstlerin"), and in October 2016 Time magazine named her one of its Next Generation Leaders, "sketching from the front lines of conflicts in the U.S. and around the world" writing, "Her work is a perfect slow-media commentary on our current fast-media climate."

Publications
Brothers of the Gun (Penguin Random House, May 2018)
Drawing Blood (Harper Collins, December 2015)
Art of Molly Crabapple Volume 2: Devil in the Details (2012)
Art of Molly Crabapple Volume 1: Week in Hell (2012)
Scarlett Takes Manhattan (2009)
Dr. Sketchy's Official Rainy Day Colouring Book (2006)

References

Further reading

External links

 Dr. Sketchy's official website

 My Great-Grandfather the Bundist
 Bundism Today panel appearance held under the aegis of YIVO.

American women illustrators
American illustrators
Living people
1983 births
Fashion Institute of Technology alumni
People from Far Rockaway, Queens
Members of the Democratic Socialists of America
American people of Puerto Rican descent
American people of Belarusian-Jewish descent


was a Japanese actor and voice actor from Toshima, Tokyo. He was the founder of the Shiki Theatre Company. He remarried with actress Fujiko Kimura in 2010.

Roles

Live action films
Assassination (1964) (Narahara Shigeru)
Honoo to onna (Flame and Women) (1967)
The Petrified Forest (1973)
Fumō Chitai (1976) (Koide)
Tempo suikō-den (1976)
Antarctica (1983) (Hokkaidō University professor)
Deaths in Tokimeki (1984)
Those Swell Yakuza (1988)
Teito Taisen (1989) (Fumimaro Konoe)
Noh Mask Murders (1991)
Mr. Moonlight (1991)
Maadadayo (1993) (Doctor Kobayashi)
Kaettekite Kogarashi Monjiro (1993)
Shin sarariiman senka (1997)
Mars Sweet Home (2000)

Live action television
 Ten to Chi to (1969) (Sanjōnishi Sanezumi)
 Naruto Hichō (1977–78) (Zeami)
 Ōoku (1983) (Ryūkō)
 Ōedo Sōsamō (1984) (Narrator)
 Sanga Moyu (1984)

Anime television
Ginga Eiyū Densetsu (Document voiceover (episode 56))

Theater
The Cherry Orchard
Hamlet
The Merchant of Venice
Alderle or a saint
Antigone
Troy war will not happen
Orphe and Yuriddis
lark
Understand and accumulate!
Whose life？
Equus
Sluice
Hikarigoke
Yuriddis
Ondine
A man who sells memories
Rokumeikan
Anne of Green Gables
Beauty and the Beast
Devil and God’'

Theatrical animationStreet Fighter II: The Animated Movie (Vega)Twilight of the CockroachesDubbing roles
Live-action99 and 44/100% Dead (Harry Crown (Richard Harris))Amadeus (Antonio Salieri (F. Murray Abraham))Avalon (Game Master (Władysław Kowalski))The Bridge on the River Kwai (Major Clipton (James Donald))The Cassandra Crossing (Dr. Jonathan Chamberlain (Richard Harris))Columbo (Milo Janus (Robert Conrad); episode "An Exercise in Fatality")Hannibal (TV Asahi edition) (Hannibal Lecter (Anthony Hopkins))Les Misérables (Inspector Javert (Anthony Perkins))Sitting Bull (Major Robert Parrish (Dale Robertson))The Thief of Paris (Georges Randal (Jean-Paul Belmondo))The Untouchables (Eliot Ness (Robert Stack))
AnimationThe Hunchback of Notre Dame (Judge Claude Frollo (speaking voice))SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron'' (Dr. Harley Street)

Honors
Medal with Purple Ribbon (1996)
Order of the Rising Sun, 4th Class, Gold Rays with Rosette (2002)
Art Festival Award- Incentive award
Arts Reward - Minister of Education Award
Kinokuniya Theater Award

References

External links
Profile

1931 births
2017 deaths
20th-century Japanese male actors
21st-century Japanese male actors
Male voice actors from Tokyo
People from Toshima
Japanese male stage actors
Japanese male voice actors
Recipients of the Medal with Purple Ribbon
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 4th class


Brévillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Geography
The commune is situated on the D200 road, some  southwest of Arras.

Population

See also
Communes of the Somme department

References

Communes of Somme (department)


Dudley Allen Doust (17 January 1930 – 13 January 2008) was an American-born sports journalist and author who in addition to publishing a number of books wrote for The Kansas City Star, Time and The Sunday Times.

Biography
Born in Syracuse, New York on 17 January 1930, the son of a paediatrician, Doust had no desire to enter into the medical profession like his father. He had his heart set on writing, and attended the University of Rochester and then spent a year studying journalism at Stanford University. His first job in journalism was with The Kansas City Star, before he later joined Time as a foreign correspondent. He was assigned to London to report on arts and theatre, and it was during this time that he met his wife, Jane Ingram. His next assignment was to Mexico City, but when this was completed, rather than return to base, he moved, along with his wife and daughter to a mud hut in Valle de Bravo in Mexico, with the aim of writing a novel. The stay did not last long, and an old colleague from Time enticed him to move to London to work as a sports writer for The Sunday Times. He began writing "Inside Track", a column in which he wrote sports diaries, writing about subjects which most writers would actively avoid. Upon the retirement of Henry Longhurst, he became golf correspondent for the paper, and worked for a short time in 1989 as sports editor of the Sunday Correspondent. When that paper ceased publication the year after, Doust became a freelance writer, which gave him more time to work on a number of sports books. He died from cancer aged 77 on 13 January 2008.

Publications
  (with Mike Brearley)
  (with Mike Brearley)

  (with Scyld Berry)

References

1930 births
2008 deaths
Cricket historians and writers
Writers from Syracuse, New York
Time (magazine) people
University of Rochester alumni
Journalists from New York (state)
Sportswriters from New York (state)
20th-century American journalists
American male journalists


Parliamentary elections were held in Sierra Leone on 1 May 1982. They were the first elections since the country had become a one-party state under the 1978 constitution, with the All People's Congress being the sole legal party.

Background
Following an amendment to the constitution in 1981, prior to the election, primaries were held to choose up to three candidates (all selected by the APC) to stand in each of the 85 constituencies. As a result, elections in 66 of the 85 constituencies were contested (13 of the 19 seats left uncontested were held by cabinet ministers).

The elections were marred by violence in which up to 50 people died. The APC used the army to crush opposition SLPP supporters in what became known as the "Ndogboyosoi [bush devil] war".

In addition to the 85 elected seats, the parliament consisted of 12 paramount chiefs elected through tribal councils and 7 MPs appointed by the president, Siaka Stevens.

Results

Aftermath
The results in 13 constituencies were cancelled due to "serious irregularities". By-elections took place on June 4.

40 sitting MPs and two ministers lost their seats, whilst a woman was elected to parliament in a constituency seat for the first time.

References

Elections in Sierra Leone
One-party elections
Sierra Leone
1982 in Sierra Leone
Election and referendum articles with incomplete results
May 1982 events in Africa


Adversus omnes haereses may refer to:

The work On the Detection and Overthrow of the So-Called Gnosis by Irenaeus, usual Latin title Adversus Haereses
A work by Pseudo-Tertullian
A lost work by Gennadius of Massilia


Jack White (born Jacob Weiss; March 2, 1897 – April 10, 1984) was a Hungarian-born American film producer, director and writer. His career in the film industry began in the late 1910s and continued until the early 1960s. White produced over 300 films; directed more than 60 of these, and wrote more than 50. He directed some of his sound comedies under the pseudonym "Preston Black."

Early life
Immigrating to America from Hungary in 1905, White and his family lived in Hollywood, California. A nearby stable was used to engage in the new business of motion pictures. Jack and his three brothers, Jules White, Sam White, and Ben White rode horses as extras in outdoor westerns. This was the start of the brothers' movie careers; they became directors and/or producers. The fourth brother, Ben White, became a cameraman.

Career
While still a teenager, Jack White became the leading producer for Educational Pictures, making very popular comedy shorts with Lloyd Hamilton, Lupino Lane, Lige Conley, and Al St. John.

In 1926, White produced a comedy short for Educational Pictures, The Radio Bug, directed by Stephen Roberts in both a silent and Phonofilm version. Also in 1926, Jack White hired one of his younger brothers, Jules White, as a film editor. By the 1930s Jules had eclipsed Jack as a leading producer of comedy short subjects, largely with the Three Stooges. In 1935 Jules hired Jack as a writer and director. Jack's first Stooges film was Ants in the Pantry (1936); he worked in Columbia's shorts department through 1937. He rejoined the unit briefly in the early 1940s before serving in the military, then returned to Columbia for good in 1951.

During the 1950s, rising production costs forced Columbia to economize, and reuse sequences from older pictures. Jules White called upon Jack White to write new scripts that plausibly incorporated scenes from some other movie. Jack's biggest challenge was probably the Stooge short Scheming Schemers (released 1956), for which he not only had to insert old scenes from three older Stooge shorts, but he had to write around the absence of co-star Shemp Howard, who had died in 1955. Jack's creative ideas cleverly hid the patchwork; according to Columbia director Edward Bernds, neither audiences nor exhibitors ever noticed the old footage in the new comedies. White worked at Columbia until the comedy shorts unit closed on December 20, 1957.

Personal life
Jack White married silent-film actress Pauline Starke on September 4, 1927; the marriage was unhappy and they divorced in 1931. Starke's lawyers pressured White, prompting White to adopt the "Preston Black" pseudonym to avoid further distress.

White died on April 10, 1984.

Filmography
The Radio Bug (1926), producer

References

External links

1897 births
1984 deaths
Hungarian emigrants to the United States
Hungarian Jews

American film directors
American film producers


William Jeremiah Tuttle (February 21, 1882 – February 22, 1930) was an American freestyle swimmer and water polo player who represented the United States at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and died in Los Angeles, California.

In the 1904 Olympics, he won silver medals as a member of the U.S. 4x50-yard freestyle relay team and as a member of Chicago Athletic Association water polo team. He also competed in the 200m obstacle course in the previous Olympic competition (1900), failing to place in the individual event.

See also
 List of athletes with Olympic medals in different disciplines
 List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men)

References

External links

1882 births
1930 deaths
American male freestyle swimmers
American male water polo players
Olympic medalists in water polo
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in swimming
Olympic water polo players for the United States
Swimmers from Chicago
Swimmers at the 1904 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1904 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1904 Summer Olympics
Water polo players from Chicago


The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, written by University of Oxford editor in chief John B. Hattendorf, was published by the Oxford University Press in 2007. The encyclopedia was issued in four volumes available in the Oxford Digital Library. The encyclopedia contains more than 950 articles devoted to global maritime history.

In summarizing its contents, the Oxford University Press states that:

Awards
 Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division (PSP) of the Association of American Publishers 2007 Awards for Excellence: Honorable Mention in the "Best of Multivolume Reference" Category
 Library Journal Best Reference of 2007
 North American Society for Oceanic History's 2007 John Lyman Book Award in the Reference Category

Dartmouth Medal
In January 2008, the American Library Association at its annual meeting in Philadelphia announced that it would award its Dartmouth Medal to the Encyclopedia of Maritime History. The ALA news release explained:
Of all the titles the Dartmouth Medal Committee considered for this year's award, one left the others in its wake. You might say it floated to the top, or that it swam past the competition. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History is the first English-language scholarly reference log of its kind. Its four volumes hold a cargo of nearly one thousand signed entries and four hundred illustrations. One can scarcely fathom the depths of its contents. It contains all the seafaring topics you may expect "Shipwrecks," "Navigators," and "Ballast" and many you may not "Film," "Terrorism," and "Religion." Not only did the international crew of naval, academic, and independent authors admirably achieve their goal of creating an interdisciplinary resource, they also made it fun. This title is destined to be the flagship resource in maritime history for years to come.

References

External links
complete online edition
 Table of contents

2007 non-fiction books
Encyclopedias of history
Books of maritime history
Naval history
Encyclopedia Of Maritime History
British encyclopedias
21st-century encyclopedias


Mike Got Spiked are an Irish rock band, from Dublin, Ireland, formed in 2002 by Conall McMahon (guitar/Backing vocals), Gavin McGuire (vocals), David E. Lodge (drums/backing vocalist) and Jonathan Myles (bass). mike got spiked disbanded amicably in December 2012.

mike got spiked has been described as 'blender music' and 'schizo-melody tinged rock' given the wide range of influences the quartet draw on including: Jazz, Funk, Ska, Rock, Punk and Metal

The band gained multiple chart successes in Ireland and have toured extensively worldwide to date. Their roster includes Ireland, the UK, mainland Europe, Canada and over 40 states in the United States. They have shared the stage with some of the biggest rock bands in the world including The Offspring, Biffy Clyro, Fall Out Boy, My Chemical Romance, The Dillinger Escape Plan, Dropkick Murphys, Thrice, Anthrax, Kerbdog, Head Automatica and Republic Of Loose.

History
The music industry first took notice of mike got spiked ("MGS") in July 2003, when they contributed "5 Second Heaven" to the top-10 charting compilation album "Gigsmart Ireland-The Best Of Irish Unsigned". The following year, continuing their work with Gigsmart Ireland, they embarked on a 19-show, 10-day tour covering the length and breath of Ireland, scoring a top 30 hit with "Whiskey For Me Tae/All You Need".

Landing a record contract with Irish label, "Conflict Of Interest Records", their debut album, "Caveat Emptor" was recorded from November 2004 to January 2005 in Creamy Sonic Studios in Dublin, Ireland, with American producer "Peter Slankster", following his work with Faith No More's "Roddy Bottum". The band enlisted legendary engineer "Eddie Schreyer" (System Of A Down, Alice In Chains) to master the album. In March 2005, Caveat Emptor was released and spent a number of weeks in the Irish Charts.

The band consequently secured a slot on 2005's "Van's Warped Tour" in Canada and shared the stage with some of the world's biggest rock bands, gaining a top 10 slot on the Warped Tour's official download chart. This led to a decision to trade Ireland's limited scene for the massive USA rock scene.

Before their departure, the band recorded an EP, "Poetry And Prozak" with Gigsmart Ireland, leading to a music placement of the track "Come Dancing" on "The Ex-Files", a program shown on RTÉ, Ireland's national TV channel.

Move to America
June 2006 saw MGS leave for US shores. Over the next four years the band toured almost constantly, playing over 700 shows stateside, encompassing over 40 states and over 400,000 miles in their travels. This built a cult following of fans nationally, gaining the band 26,000 friends and hundreds of thousands of plays on their Myspace page between 2006 and 2008 as well as performances on "NTV", Nebraska's state TV station and on southern California's "Stim TV". In June 2008, MGS signed with the Los Angeles-based management company, Associated Talent Management (Dead Kennedys etc.).

The band first worked with Grammy nominated Irish producer Jason Donaghy (Band Of Horses/Sum 41) in October 2009 producing a live acoustic album recorded at LA's Cat Club released on April 23, 2010. Their work together continued in Perfect Sound Studios in Hollywood, leading to the contribution of MGS's version of "Dry Riser" to 1990s cult Irish rock band "Kerbdog's" tribute album, "Pledge: A Tribute To Kerbdog".

In March 2010 MGS began work on their sophomore studio album "No Is Not An Answer" ("NINAA") with Donaghy producing again, however the album was set back after tracking when bassist and founding member Jonathan Myles departed the band to pursue other interests. The band found their new bass player in fan, Barry Monahan, playing together for the first time in January 2011 before returning to the states.

Continuing to tour the US, the band started their own record company, "Hysterica Records" and set about funding the release of NINAA via Pledgemusic.com. Their successful campaign lead to the production of the video for "Sleeping With The Enemy" and the worldwide release of NINAA in April 2012.

After the a tour of the US to promote the album, mike got spiked played a handful of shows in Ireland before disbanding in December 2012.

Videos
5 Second Heaven (Included as a bonus on the All You Need single), directed by Aidan Maguire.
All You Need, directed by Aoife Kelleher.
Aversion, directed by Aidan Maguire.
To Have You Here, directed by Aidan Maguire.
Sleeping With The Enemy, directed by Johnathan Rothell, produced by David E. Lodge.

References

External links
 Facebook
 Myspace

Irish alternative rock groups
Musical groups established in 2002
Irish musical quartets


Raymond Comstock Thorne (April 29, 1887 – January 10, 1921) was an American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. In the 1904 Olympics he won a silver medal as a member of American 4×50 yard freestyle relay team and was sixth in the 50 yards swimming. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and died in a car crash in Los Angeles, California.

See also
 List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men)

References

1887 births
1921 deaths
American male freestyle swimmers
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in swimming
Road incident deaths in California
Swimmers from Chicago
Swimmers at the 1904 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1904 Summer Olympics


The Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade (; abbreviated IIPB), also known as the Islamic International Brigade, the Islamic Peacekeeping Army, was the name of an international Islamist mujahideen organization, founded in 1998. IIPB was designated a terrorist entity by the United States in February 2003.

History
The unit was composed of between 400 and 1,500 militants, most of them Dagestanis (mainly Avars and Darginians), as well as Chechens, Arabs, Turks and other foreign fighters.

Its Emirs (leaders) were the Arab Mujahid Ibn al-Khattab and Chechen Shamil Basayev, and was active in the War in Dagestan where many of its members were killed or captured by Russian forces. They gained notoriety during their involvement in the Tukhchar massacre where they executed six Russian POWs on tape who were members of the Russian Interior Troops. Most of its remaining members fought in the Second Chechen War, in which its former leaders died (Khattab in March 2002 and Basayev in July 2006).

References

Jihadist groups
Organizations established in 1998
Defunct organizations designated as terrorist
Organizations designated as terrorist by Bahrain
Organizations designated as terrorist by Iraq
Islamic terrorism in Russia
Moscow theater hostage crisis
Second Chechen War
Defunct Islamic organizations
Pan-Islamism
Organizations disestablished in 2002
Islamic organizations established in 1998


Allowable Strength Design (ASD) is a term used by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) in the 14th Edition of the Manual of Steel Construction.

Allowable Stress Design philosophy was left unsupported by AISC after the 9th edition of the manual which remained an acceptable reference design standard in evolving building codes (e.g. International Building Code by the International Code Council). This presented problems since new research, engineering concepts and design philosophy were ignored in the minimum requirements and references in the aging 9th edition. As a result, structures that were code compliant based on design using the Allowable Stress Design methods may not have been code compliant if reviewed with the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) requirements - particularly where the LRFD procedures explicitly defined additional analysis which was not explicitly defined in the Allowable Stress Design procedures.

AISC's Allowable Strength Design applies a quasi-safety factor approach to evaluating allowable strength. Ultimate strength of an element or member is determined in the same manner regardless of the load combination method considered (e.g. ASD or LRFD). Design load combination effects are determined in a manner appropriate to the intended form of the analysis results. ASD load combinations are compared to the ultimate strength reduced by a factor (omega) which provides a mathematical form similar to Allowable Stress Design resolved with a safety factor.

This AISC Allowable Strength Design does not attempt to relate capacity to elastic stress levels. Therefore, it is inappropriate to refer to the procedure or philosophy as either Allowable Stress or Permissible Stress Design.

Construction
Engineering concepts
Structural steel


Denise Leblanc-Bantey, also known as Denise Leblanc, was a Canadian politician and a two-term Member of the National Assembly of Quebec.

Background

She was born on December 15, 1949, in L'Étang-du-Nord, Quebec. She made her career in education.

Member of the legislature

Leblanc ran as a Parti Québécois (PQ) candidate in the 1976 election against Liberal incumbent Louis-Philippe Lacroix in the provincial district of Îles-de-la-Madeleine and won.  She served as a parliamentary assistant from 1976 to 1981.

Cabinet Member

She was re-elected in the 1981 election.  She was appointed to the Cabinet in 1981 and served as Minister of the Civil Service until 1984 and as Minister responsible for the Status of Women from 1983 to 1984.

PQ Crisis

During the Parti Québécois Crisis of 1984, Leblanc resigned from the Cabinet and crossed the floor.  She sat as an Independent by November 17, 1984.  She did not run for re-election in the 1985 election.

She was the President of a Quebec sovereignty group known as the Rassemblement démocratique pour l'indépendance in 1985 and 1986.

Death

Leblanc died on February 8, 1999, in Montreal due to natural causes.

Footnotes

1949 births
1999 deaths
Parti Québécois MNAs
Women MNAs in Quebec
20th-century Canadian women politicians
French Quebecers


Alfred Braunschweiger (October 16, 1885 – June 29, 1952) was a German diver who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. In the 1904 Olympics he won a bronze medal in the platform diving event.

References

External links

 Alfred Braunschweiger's profile at Sports Reference.com

1885 births
1952 deaths
German male divers
Olympic divers for Germany
Divers at the 1904 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Germany
Olympic medalists in diving
Medalists at the 1904 Summer Olympics
20th-century German people


The Hull and Holderness Railway was a branch line in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England that connected the city of Kingston upon Hull with the seaside resort of Withernsea via the town of Hedon and the villages of Keyingham and Patrington.

History

Background
An early proposal for a railway eastwards from Hull into Holderness was made in 1845 by the York and North Midland Railway for a line from a junction on a line to the east Dock (Victoria Dock) at Drypool to Patrington via Hedon; the Patrington line was not included in the resultant acts of 1846.

A second attempt at a line was promoted by Hull businessman Anthony Bannister, with the intention of linking Hull with the rich agricultural area of South Holderness, and the development of a coastal village (Withernsea) into a new seaside resort. The silting up of Patrington and Hedon Havens was another incentive for the construction of a line, since it could no longer be used for transportation by water.

A prospectus was issued in 1852, and the "Hull and Holderness Railway Act" passed 1853. Construction of the line in the flat and open Holderness plain was rapid and the line of about  was opened on 24 June 1854.

Description and operations
The line was originally built as a single track line, except sections at Hedon and near Ryehill. At Withernsea (which in 1851 had a population of only 109) a hotel, the "Station Hotel" (later called "Queen's Hotel") was built.

The line began at the York and North Midland Railway's Victoria Dock station and ran east, passing Hedon to the north; it then turned south-east, passing Burstwick to the south, halfway between Ottringham and Ryehill, then the line passed Keyingham to the north and then east and south to Patrington, before entering Withernsea, which was to the north-east, and in which the line terminated.

Up till 1859 the Hull and Holderness Railway operated its own trains, but from 1860 the line was operated by the North Eastern Railway on lease rental, and in 1862 the same company acquired the line; a short connecting chord was built that allowed trains to run through onto the dock branch, and, from 1864, services ran to Paragon station in the city centre via the Victoria Dock Branch Line.

Closure
Passenger service ended following the Beeching Report. The last passenger train ran on 19 October 1964. Goods traffic continued to use the whole line until 3 May 1965, after which it only operated between Hull and Hedon railway station. This service continued until 3 June 1968, the goods service to Marfleet lasting until 1972.

Line post closure
Most of the trackbed remains, and parts of it have become a footpath. The Queen's Hotel in Withernsea became a convalescence home. Most of the station buildings have become private residences, with the exception of Withernsea station and Hollym Gate which have been demolished.

See also
Hull and Hornsea Railway

Notes

References

Sources

External links

 Cab ride video

Closed railway lines in Yorkshire and the Humber
Rail transport in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Beeching closures in England
Rail transport in Kingston upon Hull
Railway companies established in 1853
Railway lines opened in 1854
Railway companies disestablished in 1862
1853 establishments in England
British companies disestablished in 1862
British companies established in 1853


Karen Blake is a Radio Disc Jockey from Boston, Massachusetts. She has been on the Boston airwaves since the early 1980s.

Early life and education
Blake graduated from Endicott College in Beverly, Massachusetts, majoring in Communications.

Career
Karen began her career at Pyramid Broadcasting with six years at Kiss 108 WXKS-FM, Boston. She then joined Ardman Broadcasting's WZOU 94.5 (now WJMN) where she was also known as "The Madam" doing Contemporary Hit Radio. She could be heard Mornings on the "Morning Zoo" Evenings and on Afternoon Drive for nearly a decade.

Blake was also heard on Country Format WKLB-FM owned by Fairbanks Communication's for three years hosting Afternoon Drive.

She then spent 9 years at Entercom, Boston - CHR/Rhythmic station Star 93.7 WQSX (now WEEI-FM) co-hosting Morning Drive.

In October 2005, Blake joined CBS Radio's Variety Hits station 103.3 WODS (Oldies 103) in Boston, hosting the Afternoon Drive position from 2:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.

In September 2008, she moved to the Morning Drive slot on WODS and was heard on-the-air weekdays from 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m.

In August 2012, Karen began working on-air at CBS station Mix 104.1 WBMX Boston.

Beginning in February 2014, Blake began hosting mornings at WQRC “999TheQ” on Cape Cod.

On April 15, 2019, Karen began hosting afternoons at WMJX (Magic 106.7) in Boston from 2:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.

Honors and awards
Blake was voted Boston's most popular DJ by the Boston Herald Readers' Poll. She was also voted Boston's most popular DJ by the Rhode Island Journal. She has received accolades in many national magazines. Blake also received a nomination as "Major Market Air Personality of the Year."

External links
Click link to listen to Karen Blake in "Mix 104.1" Boston (August 2012)
Karen Blake Web Site

American radio personalities
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


(International title: Only You / ) is a Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Louie Ignacio, it stars Angelika dela Cruz. It premiered on March 26, 2001. The series concluded on November 1, 2002, with a total of 425 episodes. It was replaced by Habang Kapiling Ka in its timeslot.

A remake aired in 2011.

Cast and characters
Lead cast
 Angelika dela Cruz as Katherine Morales/Mylene Fuentebella/Carmencita San Diego

Supporting cast
 Sunshine Dizon as Clarissa delos Santos/Clarissa Fuentebella
 Dina Bonnevie as Martina Buenaventura
 Albert Martinez as Ferdinand Fuentebella
 Gina Alajar as Lilian delos Santos
 Cogie Domingo as Jepoy San Pedro
 James Blanco as Joseph Marcelo
 Eddie Gutierrez as Tony Madrigal
 Alicia Alonzo as Meding Morales
 Chanda Romero as Amarra Luna Fuentebella
 Carmi Martin as Beatrice Madrigal
 Janice Jurado as Mamu Lambana
 Sherwin Ordoñez as Charles Madrigal
 Gabby Eigenmann as Marc Fuentebella
 Marjorie Barretto as Vanessa Fuentebella
 Ana Capri as Gina Reyes
 K Brosas as Flor
 Mel Martinez as Finky
 Isabella de Leon as Ninay San Pedro
 Mia Gutierrez as Bebang San Pedro

Recurring cast
 LJ Moreno as Cassandra Fuentebella
 Chynna Ortaleza as Melanie Fuentebella
 Richard Gutierrez as Iñigo Zeñorosa
 Jaime Fabregas as Roberto Zeñorosa
 Russel Simon as Doctor Ruel
 Rita Avila as Corrine Martinez
 Bojo Molina as Maui Marcelo
 Mark Anthony Fernandez as Gabriel/Lorenzo
 Raven Villanueva as Yolanda/fake Mylene
 Mystica as Vera
 Geneva Cruz as Melody
 Patricia Javier as Aravella
 Danica Sotto as Agatha Narciso
 Jennifer Sevilla as Diana
 Charlie Davao as Don Joaquin Narciso
 Ian Veneracion as Paolo
 Paolo Ballesteros as Paul
 Gerard Pizzaras as Bato

Guest cast
 Veka Lopez as young Katherine Morales
 Empress Schuck as young Clarissa
 Gary Estrada as Red Peralta
 Zoren Legaspi as Pilot Perez
 Tanya Garcia as Jessica
 Toni Gonzaga as Maya
 Trina Zuñiga as Marga
 Gary Valenciano as Ricky Lopez
 Michael de Mesa as Elmo
 Mark Gil as Miguel
 Glaiza de Castro as Marga's friend
 Tricia Roman as Enok
 Bembol Roco as Ruben
 Beverly Salviejo as Loleng
 Marky Lopez as Mike
 Rez Cortez as Basil
 Maureen Mauricio as Caring
 Kenji Marquez as Jake
 Robin da Rosa as Carlos
 Ruel Vernal as Badong
 Tom Olivar as Malvar
 Georgina Sandico as Gigi

References

External links

2001 Philippine television series debuts
2002 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Philippine romance television series
Television shows set in Manila


Leeuwin ("Lioness", also spelt Leeuwine in some Dutch East India Company (VOC) documents), was a Dutch galleon that discovered and mapped some of the southwest corner of Australia in March 1622. It was captained by Jan Fransz and was the seventh European ship to sight the continent.

Leeuwins logbook has been lost, so very little is known of the voyage. However, VOC letters indicate that the voyage from Texel to Batavia took more than a year, whereas other vessels had made the same voyage in less than four months; this suggests that poor navigation may have been responsible for the discovery. The same is suggested by the 1644 instructions to Abel Tasman, which states that

The land discovered by Leeuwin is recorded in Hessel Gerritsz' 1627 Caert van't Landt van d'Eendracht (Chart of the Land of Eendracht). This map includes a section of coastline labelled t Landt van de Leeuwin beseylt A° 1622 in Maert ("Land made by the ship Leeuwin in March 1622"), which is thought to represent the coast between present-day Hamelin Bay and Point D'Entrecasteaux. Portions of this coastline are labelled Duynich landt boven met boomen ende boseage ("Dunes with trees and underwood at top"), Laegh ghelijck verdroncken landt ("Low land seemingly submerged") and Laegh duynich landt ("Low land with dunes").

Australian reference to the ship
The south-west corner of Australia was subsequently referred to by the Dutch as 't Landt van de Leeuwin ("The Land of the Leeuwin") for a time, subsequently shortened to "Leeuwin's Land" by the English. This name Leeuwin still survives in the name of Cape Leeuwin, the most south-westerly point of the Australian mainland, so named by Matthew Flinders in December 1801.

The sail training ship STS Leeuwin II, based in Fremantle, Western Australia, is named in honour of Leeuwin, although the "II" refers not to the original Leeuwin but to a yacht that was already entered in Australia's ship's register under the name.

References

1620s ships
1622
Exploration ships of the Dutch Republic
European exploration of Australia
Exploration of Western Australia
Ships of the Dutch East India Company


Vinicio "Chico" García Uzcanga (24 December 1924 – 17 August 2007) was a Mexican second baseman. He played in Major League Baseball for the Baltimore Orioles during the 1954 season. Listed at 5' 8", 170 lb., García batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Veracruz City, Mexico. Outside of MLB, García enjoyed a distinguished baseball career that spanned five different decades as a player from 1946 to 1970 and as manager from 1966 to 1984.

Career
A solid infielder and contact hitter, García played nine Triple-A seasons in the Arizona-Texas and American Association leagues and one season in Cuban baseball, before serving as a backup infielder for the Orioles in the American League. He won four minor league batting titles in the Arizona-Texas League (1949), Mexican Gulf League (1950, 1951) and Mexican League (1963).

Following his playing career, García managed in Mexico from 1966 through 1984, winning four championship titles in the Mexican Pacific League (LMP) for Tomateros de Culiacán in 1966–67 and 1969–70, Algodoneros de Guasave in 1971–72 and Cañeros de Los Mochis in 1983–84. García ranks as the second most winning manager of the LMP and it is the only manager to have won Mexican Pacific League titles with three different franchises.

He also managed Monterrey, Veracruz, Sabinas, Jalisco, Monclova and Nuevo Laredo in the Mexican League. In 1981, he gained Mexican Baseball Hall of Fame honors.

Vinicio Garcia was married to Carolyn Foshee (who died in 1995) and has two sons, Jerry Vinicio and David and also has two daughters, Becky and Carolyn Lee.

García died on 16 August 2007 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico at age 82.

Highlights
1949 - Led Arizona-Texas League in runs, hits, triples and batting average (.377).
1963 - At 38 age, won his second batting title in the Mexican League (.368) and hit a career-high 21 home runs.
His minor league career totals show a .306 average over 2,803 games.
As a second baseman for the Baltimore Orioles he played 39 games and his batting stats are: 62 AB, 6 R, 7 H, 2 3B, 5 RBI, 8 BB, 3 SO, 1 SF, 0.113 Avg., 0.211 OBP, 0.177 SLG.
Fielding stats: 245 G, 105 TC, 4.4 TC/G, 101 CH, 57 PO, 44 A, 4 E, 15 DP, 0.962 FLD %.
He coached the Mexican League team Sultanes de Monterrey for 260 games, reaching a winning percentage of .430 in three seasons.
The number he used with the Sultanes de Monterrey team from 1965-1965 & 1970 was retired on 06/11/1999.
He is the Sultanes player with most All-Star games played with this team (14).
He is the title second baseman in the All-Time players team of the Sultanes de Monterrey.
With the Sultanes de Monterrey 4 times was top scorer and 2B batter, three times leader in batting, two times in games played and hits batted and one time lead the team in times at bat and home runs.
Was inducted in the Mexico Hall of Fame of Baseball in 1981, the 14th Sultanes player in the Mexican HOF.

References

External links
Chico García - Baseballbiography.com

Retrosheet
Mexican Baseball Hall of Fame

1924 births
2007 deaths
Angeles de Puebla players
Baseball players from Veracruz
Baltimore Orioles players
Caribbean Series managers
Corpus Christi Aces players
Dallas Rangers players
Diablos Rojos del México players
Indianapolis Indians players
Indios de Ciudad Juárez (minor league) players
Major League Baseball players from Mexico
Major League Baseball second basemen
Mexican Baseball Hall of Fame inductees
Mexican expatriate baseball players in the United States
Mexican League baseball second basemen
Minor league baseball managers
Shreveport Sports players
Sultanes de Monterrey players
Tigres del México players
Toledo Sox players
Tuneros de San Luis Potosí players
Rojos del Águila de Veracruz players
Wichita Braves players
Sportspeople from Veracruz (city)


Briquemesnil-Floxicourt (; Picard: Bricmangni-Tchot Flichcourt) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Geography
The communes is situated on the D211 road, some  west of Amiens.

Population

See also
Communes of the Somme department

References

Communes of Somme (department)


The United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1900 was an election for California's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred as part of the general election of the House of Representatives on November 6, 1900. California's seven-seat delegation remained all-Republican.

Overview

Results

District 1

District 2

District 3

District 4

District 5

District 6

District 7

See also
57th United States Congress
Political party strength in California
Political party strength in U.S. states
United States House of Representatives elections, 1900

References
California Elections Page
Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives

External links
California Legislative District Maps (1911-Present)
RAND California Election Returns: District Definitions

1900
California
United States House of Representatives


The Memphite Tomb of Horemheb is located in the Saqqara necropolis, near Memphis, Egypt. It was constructed before Horemheb ascended to the throne and was never used for his burial, since he later built the Theban tomb KV57 for this purpose. His two wives Mutnedjmet and Amenia were buried within the structure.

The tomb was discovered by art robbers at the beginning of the 19th century. Looted reliefs were acquired by a number of European and American museums. The tomb's location was then lost, it was relocated in 1975 and excavated in 1979.

The tomb was built in three phases, as Horemheb's status rose. The first design consisted of an entry pylon into forecourt, a colonnaded court containing the burial shaft and three chapels or offering rooms. Intrusive burials were found in the side chapels. The forecourt was then walled to produce two small chapels, one at each side. They were entered by two new piercings through the pylon. A new walled forecourt was constructed in front of the pylon. To make this extension a 5th–6th Dynasty mastaba was demolished and the burial shaft with a burial chamber some 17m below incorporated into the new forecourt. Burials from the 19th Dynasty were found at 9m depth. Finally the forecourt was closed by a pylon some 7m high and colonnaded to form the first peristyle open court. The narrowed original forecourt was covered with a vaulted roof and contained statues while the chapels became storage rooms.

Military scenes were carved on the original peristyle court and scenes showing Horemheb's duties in office on the walls of the later, first peristyle open court including one where he deputised for Tutankhamun on the north wall. On the North wall are scenes from the funeral, showing kiosks with smash pots and mourners. Only the lowest register is well preserved. From the next register above only the legs of horses and the wheels of chariots are visible. On the east wall, on the north side are shown houses. The wall is in general only badly preserved.

Careful inspection shows that the uraei were added to the images after Horemheb became Pharaoh.

Notes and references

References

Bibliography

External links
 Virtual Tour in Horemheb’s Tomb created by Salma ElDardiry and Karim Mansour. Saqqara Online. Friends of Saqqara Foundation. Retrieved 2023-05-20.

Horemheb
Saqqara
Tombs of ancient Egypt


Invasion of the Body Snatchas! is a 1983 horizontally scrolling shooter developed and published by Crystal Computing for the ZX Spectrum. Despite its name, it has no connection to the 1956 film and 1978 film of similar names. It is a clone of the 1981 arcade video game Defender.

Reception

Sinclair User, CRASH, and ZX Computing praised the game.

References

External links

Original source code  at Design Design

1983 video games
Horizontally scrolling shooters
Video game clones
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
ZX Spectrum-only games
Crystal Computing games


Pseudo-Tertullian is the scholarly name for the unknown author of Adversus Omnes Haereses, an appendix to the work De praescriptionem haereticorum of Tertullian. It lists 32 heresies, and there is consensus that this work is not by Tertullian himself.

A traditional theory is that the work is a Latin translation of a Greek original, a lost work Syntagma written by Hippolytus, c. 220. Recent scholarship, agreeing with a theory of Richard Adelbert Lipsius, suggests that this work Syntagma was the common source for Philastrius and the Panarion of Epiphanius, also.

The name "Pseudo-Tertullian" is also applied to the author of a poem written against Marcion. The Catholic Encyclopedia describes it as "doggerel hexameters", and mentions two theories: that the poem was written by Commodian; and that Adversus Omnes Haereses was written by Victorinus of Pettau.

Notes

External links
tertullian.org on Spurious Works

Church Fathers


Ned Charles (born 28 May 1957 in Mahébourg) is a Mauritian former professional footballer who played as a striker. He represented Mauritius national team nine times, scoring once.

Charles spent most of his career in Belgium, after Cercle Brugge had discovered him. Even though he would only stay for one season and play twice for the green and black side, he settled in the Bruges area. At the end of his active playing career, Charles became youth coach for local team SV Oostkamp and in a later stage Cercle Brugge and VV-Emelgem-Kachtem.

After a spell in France with USF Le Puy, Charles returned to Belgium, ending his career with two Walloon teams: UR Namur and Wallonia Walhain.

References

External links

 Cerclemuseum.be

1957 births
Living people
People from Grand Port District
Men's association football forwards
Mauritian men's footballers
Mauritius men's international footballers
Cercle Brugge K.S.V. players
Le Puy Foot 43 Auvergne players
R. Wallonia Walhain Chaumont-Gistoux players
Belgian Pro League players
Mauritian expatriate men's footballers
Mauritian expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium
Mauritian expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate men's footballers in France


The Swedish School in Majorca is a private school (pre-school, beginning at age 3, through secondary level) in Palma, Mallorca, Spain. Its courses are multilingual: approximately 60% of the instruction is in Swedish; the remainder is in Spanish and English.

Administration
The school is funded by student fees, augmented by participation from the government of Sweden. A board of directors oversees the operation; a School Director is hired by this Board to operate the school. The school's studies are operated per regulations of the Swedish school system, in coordination with Spanish school authorities.

Graduates of the Swedish School receive an International Degree, but its requirements are the same as those of schools in Sweden.

The Swedish School participates in a pupil exchange programme with a school in Sweden from the island of Gotland. It also has an arrangement with a school in Stockholm.

The School also offers Distance Learning, via internet classes.

Language classes
From the first year, students are taught in Spanish, both in conversation and formal studies (oral and written). English is used where appropriate, more in the activities and stage presentations than Spanish. In addition, the school offers weekly Swedish-maintenance classes, for persons who wish to maintain their knowledge of the language, and adult-study classes for learning Swedish and Spanish.

Eating
The school provides a weekday lunch and afternoon snack to students.

Sports and recreation
Twice-weekly classes are provided at a local sports facility. In addition, the island offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities, from water sports to hiking to horseback riding.

Monthly field trips are organized to various sites, for vocational or cultural instruction.

The school organizes musical and theater productions. The school year is capped with a June musical presentation in which all participate.

The school shares an activity field ("Recreation Square") with the German School in Majorca.

References

The Swedish School in Majorca (Swedish)
The Swedish School in Majorca (Spanish)

Schools in Spain
International schools in Spain
Palma de Mallorca
Education in the Balearic Islands


Miche may refer to:

Miche (bag), a handbag company
Miche (bread), a type of Pain de campagne
Miche (company), an Italian bicycle company
Miche (cycling team),
Miche, alcoholic drink of Venezuelan Andes
Miche (horse), an Argentinian Thoroughbred racehorse
Miche, a system of self-reconfiguring modular robot
Miche, a pin used in the sport of León bowls, a variation of Basque bowls
 Miche (film), a 1932 French film

See also
Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia, known within his family as "Miche-Miche"