Carlos Edilson Alcântara Morais (; born 16 October 1985) is an Angolan basketball player for the Petro de Luanda of the Angolan Basketball League. Standing at , he plays as shooting guard, or small forward.

Morais is one of the most decorated players ever in Angolan basketball, as he has won nine Angolan League titles and was the league's MVP once (in 2007) and scoring leader four times. He spent two years in Portugal for Benfica, winning the national treble in 2017.

Representing the Angola national team, Morais has won four AfroBasket tournaments and has played at the 2008 Olympics.

Early career
Morais left for the United States in 2004 to attend Community Christian School in Stockbridge, Georgia. He had the option to play college basketball after, but chose to sign a professional contract.

Professional career

Angola (2001–2016)
Morais started his professional career with Angolan powerhouse Petro de Luanda.

Toronto Raptors (2013)
On September 19, 2013, Morais signed a non-guaranteed contract with the Toronto Raptors. He was later waived by the Raptors on October 26. He played in three pre-season games with Toronto and totalled 6 points in 21 minutes.

Benfica (2016–2018)
In 2016, Morais signed a two-year deal with Portuguese side Benfica. He played in the Liga Portuguesa de Basquetebol (LPB) and was named an All-Star in two consecutive seasons (in 2017 and 2018). Morais also guided Benfica to the Portuguese Cup title and was named MVP of the tournament in 2017.

Mens Sana Siena (2018–2019)
On July 22, 2018, Morais signed with Italian club Mens Sana of the second level Serie A2. In March 2019, the team was dismantled and excluded from the Series A2 due to economic issues.

Return to Angola (2019–present)
On February 25, 2019, Morais returned to Petro de Luanda for a third stint with the team.

In the 2021–22 season, Morais won the national treble with Angola winning the league, cup and supercut competitions. They also reached the 2022 BAL Finals where they lost to US Monastir. Morais was selected to the All-BAL First Team for the first time.

National team career
Morais has been a member of the Angola national basketball team. He played for his country at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. He has won four AfroBasket gold medals with Angola, in 2005, 2007, 2019 and 2013.

He has also played at the 2008 Summer Olympics, where Morais faced the United States roster, which included all-time legends Kobe Bryant and LeBron James.

Achievements
Petro de Luanda

 Angolan Basketball League: (2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023)
 Taça de Angola: (2007, 2022, 2023)
 Basketball Africa League:
 Runners-up: (2022)
 Third place: (2021)

Benfica

 Liga Portuguesa de Basquetebol: (2017)
 Portuguese Basketball Cup: (2017)
 Portuguese Basketball Super Cup: (2017)

Individual awards

 Angolan Basketball League top scorer: (2011, 2013, 2016, 2021)
 FIBA Africa Clubs Champions Cup All-Star Team: (2011, 2012, 2015)
 FIBA Africa Clubs Champions Cup MVP: (2012)
 FIBA Africa Clubs Champions Cup scoring champion: (2012)
 AfroBasket MVP: (2013)
 Portuguese League All-Star: (2017, 2018)
 Portuguese Cup MVP: (2017)
 LPB Import Player of the Year: (2017)
 All-BAL First Team: (2022)

BAL career statistics

|-
|style="text-align:left;"|2021
|style="text-align:left;"|Petro de Luanda
| 6 || 6 || 26.0 || .343 || .341 || .700 || 3.8 || 1.5 || 1.3 || .0 || 11.5
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|2022
|style="text-align:left;"|Petro de Luanda
| 8 || 8 || 27.8 || .344 || .317 || .667 || 3.9 || 3.2 || 1.4 || .1 || 13.1
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|2023
|style="text-align:left;"|Petro de Luanda
| 8 || 8 || 27.5 || .442|| .419 || .789 || 4.4 || 3.1 || .8 || .0 || 15.6

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Angolan expatriate basketball people in Portugal
Angolan expatriate basketball people in the United States
Angolan men's basketball players
Atlético Petróleos de Luanda basketball players
Basketball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
C.R.D. Libolo basketball players
Olympic basketball players for Angola
Shooting guards
S.L. Benfica basketball players
Mens Sana Basket players
Basketball players from Luanda
2006 FIBA World Championship players
2010 FIBA World Championship players
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup players


The McDowell Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in southeastern Mendocino County, California near Hopland.  The wine appellation is located on sloped bench land at elevations as high as  above sea level that overlook the Russian River to the west.  McDowell Valley is slightly cooler than the surrounding areas of Mendocino County.  There is currently only one winery operating within the boundaries of the AVA, McDowell Valley Vineyards.

See also
Mendocino County wine

References

External links
 McDowell Valley: Mendocino County Wines

American Viticultural Areas
American Viticultural Areas of California
American Viticultural Areas of Mendocino County, California
1981 establishments in California


Carlos Morais may refer to:

 Carlos Morais (basketball) (born 1985), Angolan basketball player
 Carlos Pedro Silva Morais, Cape Verdean association football (soccer) player


Mrs Ratcliffe's Revolution is a 2007 British comedy drama film, directed by Bille Eltringham and starring Catherine Tate, Iain Glen and Brittany Ashworth, about a British family who move to East Germany in 1968, during the Cold War. It was filmed in Hungary and the United Kingdom (UK), and was released on 9 July 2007 at the Cambridge Film Festival, and nationwide in the UK on 28 September.

Cast

Reception
, Mrs Ratcliffe's Revolution holds an 83% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on six reviews with an average rating of 5.6/10. Because of its limited release, there were few reviews, but Channel 4 Online and The Guardian Films cited the film as a vehicle for the blooming film careers of both Catherine Tate and Brittany Ashworth. The film won the Audience Award at the Wurzburg International Film Weekend.

References

External links
 Official Site

 Guardian Review

 Channel 4 Film Review

2007 films
2007 comedy-drama films
British comedy-drama films
2007 comedy films
2007 drama films
Films set in East Germany
Films with screenplays by Peter Straughan
2000s English-language films
2000s British films


Continental was the quarterly in-flight magazine for Continental Airlines. The magazine was previously published on monthly basis. The Pohly Company, a Boston-based customer communications company, was the long-term publisher. It was read by approximately 55 million passengers a year. On May 2, 2010, Continental agreed to a merger with United Airlines. Subsequently, Continental flights now issue the Hemispheres magazine.

References

External links
 Continental Magazine website

2010 disestablishments in Massachusetts
Monthly magazines published in the United States
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
Transport magazines published in the United States
Continental Airlines
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Inflight magazines
Magazines with year of establishment missing
Magazines disestablished in 2010
Magazines published in Boston


Michael Lawrence Cox (born July 11, 1985) is a former American football fullback. He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. He was undrafted in the 2008 NFL Draft, but signed as a free agent with the Kansas City Chiefs. Cox graduated from Red Land High School in 2004.

Professional career

Undrafted in 2008, he began as the starting fullback in Week 1 against the New England Patriots and garnered two receptions. Cox later paved the way on the Chiefs, helping Jamaal Charles rush for 1,000 yards in 2009. He scored his only NFL touchdown in the season finale against the Denver Broncos. The next year Cox was an impetus for the Chiefs to lead the NFL in rushing. Kansas went 10-6 and won the AFC West, but lost in the Wild Card round to the Baltimore Ravens.

Cox was then released by Chiefs and he signed with the Atlanta Falcons in 2011. He appeared in 9 games with the team before being cut in 2012 after the team signed Lousaka Polite. On November 7, 2012, Cox re-signed with the Falcons after the team released Polite. Cox was with the Falcons for the rest of 2012 through the playoffs, chiefly starting the NFC Championship Game in a close defeat to the San Francisco 49ers. It was also when Cox had his only carry as a Falcon, a 4-yard rush coming out from the Atlanta 1-yard line. He ended his career playing in 59 games with 27 receptions, 5 carries and one touchdown.

References

External links
Kansas City Chiefs bio
Mike Cox college statistics, ESPN.com

Living people
1985 births
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football players
American football fullbacks
Players of American football from York County, Pennsylvania
Kansas City Chiefs players
Atlanta Falcons players
Sportspeople from Woodbury, New Jersey


The Wyoming Air National Guard (WY ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of Wyoming, United States of America. It is, along with the Wyoming Army National Guard, an element of the Wyoming National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the Wyoming Air National Guard are not in the active-duty United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Wyoming though the office of the Wyoming Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The Wyoming Air National Guard is headquartered in Cheyenne, and its commander is  Major General Greg Porter.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, Wyoming Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF). Wyoming ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized. In addition, the Wyoming Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal reserve obligations, as state militia units the elements of the Wyoming ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The Wyoming Air National Guard consists of three major units:
 153d Airlift Wing
 Established 11 August 1946 (as: 187th Fighter Squadron); operates: C-130H Hercules
 Stationed at: Cheyenne Regional Airport (Air National Guard Base), Cheyenne; Gained by: Air Mobility Command
 Performs tactical airlift providing rapid airlift and airdrop of cargo and troops.

 253d Command and Control Group
 Stationed at: F.E. Warren AFB, Cheyenne; Gained by: Air Force Global Strike Command
 Mobilizes communications, automated data processing, and combat logistics for United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) commanders.

 243rd Air Traffic Control Squadron (USAF)
 Stationed at: Cheyenne Regional Airport (Air National Guard Base), Cheyenne; Gained by: Air Combat Command
 Provide personnel and equipment ready to deploy and provide Air Traffic Services worldwide.

History

Cold War

On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.

The Wyoming Air National Guard was first organized in a small hangar on the southwest side of Cheyenne Municipal Airport, Wyoming, under Maj. Robert E. Sedman. It was extended federal recognition and activated on 11 August 1946 and was equipped with F-51D Mustangs. 18 September 1947, however, is considered the Wyoming Air National Guard's official birth concurrent with the establishment of the United States Air Force as a separate branch of the United States military under the National Security Act.

The 187th Fighter Squadron was activated on 1 April 1951 for service during the Korean War, with personnel assigned to Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico, West Germany, Okinawa, and South Korea. In Korea, 18 Wyoming ANG pilots flew 1,500 combat missions. In 1956 the Wyoming ANG became the 187th Fighter Interceptor Squadron. Two years later, during 1958, it received its first F-86L Sabre, and was re-designation as the 153rd Fighter Interceptor Group.

The most dramatic change came for the Wyoming unit in 1961 when it changed from a fighter unit to flying Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar and airlifting medical patients, with the newly designated 187th Aeromedical Transport Squadron. On 21 June 1963 it received the Lockheed C-121 Constellation aircraft and expanded its military airlift role to worldwide mission capabilities.

Vietnam War
During the Vietnam War, the Wyoming Air Guard flew its first mission into the Vietnam combat zone in late 1964, and continued to do so through the take over of South Vietnam by its enemies. During early 1966 the unit became the 153rd Military Airlift Group, under the Military Airlift Command.

Airborne fire-fighting
In 1972, the Wyoming Air Guard received its first C-130B Hercules aircraft, which the unit continues to fly over 30 years later. In 1975, the Wyoming Air Guard was selected for the unique role of aerial firefighting. Two Wyoming C-130s were equipped with MAFFS and began water/fire retardant bombing of fires throughout the United States. Those fire fighting missions still continue through the present.

In the meantime, the 153rd Tactical Airlift Group expanded to regularly flying missions with the United States Southern Command out of Howard Air Force Base, Panama, as part of Operation Phoenix Oak. From supplying embassies in Central and South America, to searching for sinking ships in the middle of tropical storms, the Wyoming C-130s and aircrews carried out military and humanitarian missions. Those missions continued through Operation Just Cause, the United States invasion of Panama in 1989–90.

Gulf War
During the Gulf War, the Wyoming Air Guard flew continental U.S. and Central and South America missions, beginning on 9 August 1990, the first day of Operation Desert Shield, and into Operation Desert Storm. During that time, the Wyoming 187th Aeromedical Evacuation Flight and the 153rd Clinic were both activated, with a large number of those medical personnel being sent to Saudi Arabia. After the end of hostilities, Wyoming Guard members continued with Operation Provide Comfort, which supplied humanitarian aid to Kurdish people displaced by the Iraqi military.

Humanitarian missions
During 1993 and early 1994, the 153rd Airlift Group traded its older C-130B model aircraft for new Lockheed C-130H3 models, which greatly enhanced the Wyoming ANG's worldwide flying capabilities. From July 1993 through February 1994, the 187th Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron, provided volunteer medical personnel during Operation Restore Hope in Somalia. Three of those medical personnel subsequently received commendations for saving United States Army Rangers' lives while under attack in Somalia in October 1993. During 1993–94, a number of Wyoming pilots, navigators, and loadmasters volunteered to fly missions into and over Bosnia/Serbia, while temporarily assigned Operation Provide Promise.

The years between the Gulf War and 2001 proved to be a period of continued activity for the Wyoming Air Guard. Major unit deployments included Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti in 1995, Operation Southern Watch in Iraq in 1996 and 1998, Operation Joint Endeavour in Bosnia in 1996, Operation Shining Hope in Bosnia in 1999, Operation Joint Forge in Bosnia and Kosovo in 1999, Operation Coronet Oak in Panama in 2000, and the yearly MAFFS mission as directed.

During this same period numerous individuals volunteered for such missions as Operation Sea Signal for Haitian refugees at Guantanamo in 1995 and Operation New Hope in El Salvador in 1999.

In April 1997 the Wyoming 153rd Airlift Wing was reassigned to the Air Mobility Command, and continued its federal and state airlift, fire fighting, and humanitarian missions. From 10 November to 5 December 1997 the Wyoming Air National Guard flew 250 airborne fire-fighting missions in the jungles of Indonesia as Operation Tempest Rapid I. This was the first time U.S. airborne fire fighting had ever been done outside of the continental U.S.

War on Terror
As with the rest of the U.S. military, the wing's focus changed abruptly after the September 11 attacks, 2001. Responding immediately, the 153 AW became the first unit to resume flying, by answering the call to ferry blood donations around the western United States. By the end of September virtually all of the 153rd Security Forces Squadron had been called to active duty and assigned to active Air Force bases. As a result, numerous individuals volunteered to be activated as security forces augmentees, an assignment that lasted half a year for many. Three others volunteered for temporary civilian airport security duties.

In December 2001 the expected call up for more of the unit arrived. This resulted in five aircraft, their crews, and support personnel deploying to Oman as part of Operation Enduring Freedom. During the unit's eight-month deployment, it flew 5,500 hours (including 4,000 combat hours in Afghanistan), and earned the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with Valor. In addition, the unit's air traffic controllers served in Pakistan during this period, while numerous other members answered the call in their individual Air Force Specialty Code capacity.

As the War on Terror expanded to include operations in Iraq and continued operations in Afghanistan, the 153rd Airlift Wing was repeatedly called for. In addition to its ongoing commitment to MAFFS, Operation Joint Forge in Europe, and Coronet Oak in Latin America, the 153 AW maintained a two-year-long, two-aircraft commitment to Operation Iraqi Freedom during 2004–2005. In 2000 and 2007 the unit returned to Afghanistan for two and three aircraft Aerospace Expeditionary Force rotations. In the U.S., the end of 2007 found four aircraft responding to the great Southern California wildfires.

In Cheyenne the period 2004-2007 witnessed the 153 AW receiving a remodeled dining facility, a new petroleum oils and lubricants facility, a new air operations building for Air Traffic Control and Aerial Port, and approval of a new squadrons operations building. Numerous temporary modular buildings also supported the unit.

The time period 2006-2007 also witnessed a unique combination of active duty and National Guard forces in Cheyenne. In July 2006 the 30th Airlift Squadron, an active duty unit, stood up at Cheyenne Regional Airport, under the operational direction of the 153 AW. Known as an active associate unit, the addition of the 30 AS resulted in the 153 AW receiving an additional four C-130 aircraft during 2007, and increased the wing's aircraft strength from eight to twelve aircraft.

For the years 2008-to present, the 153 AW continued to be deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan.

See also

Wyoming Wing Civil Air Patrol

References

 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,
  Wyoming Military Department website

External links

 Wyoming Department of Military Affairs
 153rd Airlift Wing

United States Air National Guard
Military in Wyoming


Mansour Ebrahimzadeh (; born 29 May 1956 in Isfahan) is an Iranian retired football player and former manager of Sepahan.

Early life
He was born on 29 May 1956 in Isfahan, Iran. He graduated from Isfahan University.

Playing career

Youth career
He began playing football in 1973 in Sepahan. Then he played for Isfahan XI between 1974 and 1975.

Bank Melli
He joined the Bank Melli in 1975 and left that club in 1977 after two years.

Sepahan
He returned to Sepahan in 1977 and played for the club until 1979. He scored ten goals in fifty two matches. He retired from playing football on May 9, 1979 after a match against Persepolis.

Coaching career

Early years

After Nasser Hejazi became head coach of Zob Ahan in December 1998, he named Ebrahimzadeh as his assistant. Ebrahimzadeh was a trainer in the club in the last years. Hejazi left the club in December 2001, but Ebrahimzadeh kept his position in the club under the new head coach Bahram Atef. After Atef resigned as the club's head coach, Ebrahimzadeh left the club to become Sepahan's assistant head coach. He returned to Zob Ahan in summer 2003. He stayed in Zob Ahan until Sepahan appointed him as assistant head coach for a second time in June 2006.

In July 2002, Ebrahimzadeh left Zob Ahan and returned to his former club. Sepahan won the Iran Pro League in the 2002–03 season. Sepahan's head coach, Farhad Kazemi proposed another assistant to the club and Ebrahimzadeh resigned after it. On 1 June 2006, Luka Bonačić became head coach of Sepahan and Ebrahimzadeh was named as one of his assistants. Bonačić gave more power to Ebrahimzadeh as the other assistants. He also led Zob Ahan in the 2007 Hazfi Cup Final Second Leg when Bonačić traveled to his country for personal reasons. He resigned after becoming the caretaker manager of the Iran national football team.

In 2007, after Amir Ghalenoie became head coach of the national football team, Ebrahimzadeh was appointed as one of his assistants along with Afshin Peyrovani. He kept his position in Sepahan as assistant head coach. He was a member of coaching staff in the 2007 AFC Asian Cup.

After Ghalenoie's dismissal as head coach, Ebrahimzadeh was named as caretaker head coach and led three matches which were all drawn. After Javier Clemente traveled to Iran to become the new head coach of the national team, Ebrahimzadeh was named as assistant again but Clemente refused to become Iran national team's head coach and left Iran. Ali Daei was named as new head coach but he was not belief Ebrahimzadeh.

Appointment as head coach of Zob Ahan
He was chosen as the head coach of Zob Ahan in summer 2008 and won the Hazfi Cup in his first season and finished second in the league where he lost the trophy on the final week of the season. He finished second again in his second season and also qualified to the finals of ACL but was defeated and became runner up. He finished the 2010-11 Persian Gulf Cup in third position with Zob Ahan. Zob Ahan failed to replay their last year's good results in the AFC Champions League and failed to reach the semifinal. He was later named as 16th best coach in the world by the IFFHS in 2010. On 6 May 2012, he announced that he would leave Zob Ahan at the end of season.

Naft Tehran
On 28 May 2012, he signed a one-year contract with Naft Tehran. He started successfully at his new team, leading them to fifth place at the end of the season, with one point behind Foolad which qualified them for the champions league. He was offered a contract to extend his contract with the club, which he refused to sign.

Rah Ahan
He was named as Rah Ahan's head coach for the 2013–14 season after coming to an agreement with the club. He was previously linked to Tractor Sazi, Persepolis and Saba Qom. He officially signed his contract on 1 June 2013. His first match as head coach of Rah Ahan was a 0–0 draw over Mes Kerman. He led Rah Ahan to 11th place and left the team at the end of the season, when the club faced ownership problems.

Paykan
Ebrahimzadeh became head coach of Paykan on 1 June 2014, replacing Farhad Kazemi. However, he was sacked on 25 November 2014 after five months.

Mes Kerman
He was the head coach of Mes Kerman form Azadegan League in 2016–2017 season.

Sepahan
Mansour Ebrahimzadeh was appointed as the head coach of Sepahan on January 27, 2018.

Statistics

Honours

Club

Zob Ahan
 AFC Champions League Runner-Up: 2010
 Iran Pro League Runner-Up: 2008–09, 2009–10
 Hazfi Cup: 2008–09

Individual
IFFHS 16th best coach in the world: 2010, 2011

References

External links
PersianLeague.com – Ebrahimzadeh among The World's best Coach of the 21st Century
goal.com
Aftab

1956 births
Footballers from Isfahan
Living people
Iran national football team managers
Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. managers
Iranian football managers
Persian Gulf Pro League managers


Monestier is derived from monasterium, Latin for monastery, and may refer to the following places in France:

 Monestier, Allier, a commune in the department of Allier
 Monestier, Ardèche, a commune in the department of Ardèche
 Monestier, Dordogne, a commune in the department of Dordogne
 Monestier-d'Ambel, a commune in the department of Isère
 Monestier-de-Clermont, a commune in the department of Isère
 Monestier-Merlines, a commune in the department of Corrèze
 Monestier-Port-Dieu, a commune in the department of Corrèze
 Saint-Paul-lès-Monestier, a commune in the department of Isère
 Le Monestier, a commune in the department of Puy-de-Dôme
 Le Monestier-du-Percy, a commune in the department of Isère
 Monestier, a family name of different branches especially in France, Italy and the Americas.


Michael Altenburg (27 May 1584 – 12 February 1640) was a German theologian and composer.

Altenburg was born at Alach, near Erfurt. He began attending school in Erfurt in 1590; he began studying theology at the University of Erfurt in 1598, and was awarded a bachelor's degree in 1599 and a master's in 1603. From 1600 he taught at the Reglerschule in Erfurt; he was Kantor at St. Andreas from 1601 and rector of the school at St. Andreas in Erfurt from 1607. In 1609 he quit teaching to become a pastor, moving to Tröchtelborn and preaching there until 1621. During this period Altenburg published music, and was compared to Orlando di Lasso.

After 1621 he moved to Sömmerda, working at the Bonifaciuskirche. While he continued to publish and was respected for his compositions, the Thirty Years War sapped his efforts. In 1636 a massive plague wiped out most of his congregation, and his wife and ten of his children died before himself. He returned to Erfurt in 1637, where he remained as deacon and, from 1638, minister at St Andreas.

Much of Altenburg's compositional output consists of vocal concertos, motets and chorales.

Works, hymns, editions and recordings
Works
Passion after Isaiah ch. 53 for eight voices. Erfurt, 1608
Marriage motet for eight voices. Erfurt, 1613
Gaudium Christianum. Jena, 1617
Musikalischer Schirm und Schild der Bürger etc. oder der 55. Psalm a 6. Erfurt, 1618
Cantiones de adventu. Erfurt, 1620
Erster Theil Newer Lieblicher vnd Zierlicher Intraden a 6. Erfurt, 1620
Christliche liebliche und andächtige neue Kirchen- und Haus-Gesänge a 5, 6, 8. 3 Vols. Erfurt, 1620–21
Cantiones de adventu a 5, 6, 8. Erfurt, 1621
Musikalische Weihnachts- und Neujahrs-Zierde for 4-9 voices. Erfurt, 1621
Musikalisches Festgefüge for 5 to 14 voices. Four vols, (only 3rd and 4th survive). Erfurt, 1623

Hymn melodies
Aus Jacobs Stamm ein Stern sehr klar
Herr Gott, nun schleuß den Himmel auf
Herr Gott Vater, ich glaub an dich
Jesu, du Gottes Lämmlein
Verzage nicht, o Häuflein klein
Was Gott tut das ist wohlgethan, kein einzig Mensch ihn tadeln kann.

Editions
 Intraden  I-XVI, 2 Vols
 Puer natus in Bethlehem, from 1621 collection.
 Sechstimmige Advent- und Weihnachtsgesänge,
 Vierstimmige Weihnachtsgesänge

Recording
 Gaudium Christianum (Jena 1617) - Festmusik zur Reformationsfeier: Compositions: Das Lutherische Jubelgeschrey; Die Prophezeiung von Luthero; Das Lutherische Schloß oder Feste Burgk; Die Engelische Schlacht; Das Amen. Item Von Nun an bis in Ewigkeit; Das Amen Gott Vater und Sohne. With organ works by Sweelinck and Franz Tunder and motets to the Feast of Saint Michael by Samuel Scheidt, Heinrich Schütz, Melchior Franck, Demantius, and Johann Christoph Bach. Simone Schwark, Johanna Krell, Raimund Fürst, Kammerchor Bad Homburg, Johann Rosenmüller Ensemble, directed by Susanne Rohn. Christophorus. 2012

References

Further reading
 Konrad Ameln, Michael Altenburg, in: Jahrbuch für Liturgik und Hymnologie 8, Stauda, Kassel 1963, 153–158.
 Karl Ernst Bergunder, Michael Altenburg, in: New Grove Music Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Vol. 1 A-Aristotle, 2nd ed., Macmillan Publishers, Oxford 2001, 425–426.
 Bießecker, Georg, Fünfstimmige Choralsätze des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts: die Sätze in den Notendrucken - ihre Verwendung und ihre Besonderheiten ; die Sätze und die Komponisten - ihre Merkmale, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 2001, zugl. Diss, 20, 83–88, 105 f., 111f., 120, 122, 167–169, 182–184, 217, Notenbeispiele 43, 44, 64. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
 Friedrich Blume, Die evangelische Kirchenmusik, Handbuch der Musikwissenschaft, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Athenaion, Potsdam 1931, 100, 120f., 125.
 Friedrich Blume, Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart : allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik, Bd. 1: Aa – Bae, 1. Auflage, Bärenreiter u. a., Kassel u. a. 1951, Bildtafel 12.
 Robert Eitner, Biographisch-bibliographisches Quellen-Lexikon der Musiker und Musikgelehrten christlicher Zeitrechnung bis Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Bd. 1, Akad. Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz 1960, 118–119.
 Hans Engel, Musik in Thüringen, Bd. 39 Mitteldeutsche Forschung, Böhlau Verlag, Graz und Köln 1966, 1, 3, 16, 34, 44, 89, 184, 188,
 A. Fischer, W. Tümpel, Das deutsche evangelische Kirchenlied des 17. Jahrhunderts, Band 2, Gütersloh 1905, 56–63.
 Karl Goedeke, Grundriß zur Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung, Bd. 3, Vom Dreissigjährigen bis zum Siebenjährigen Kriege, Reprint der Ausgabe von 1887, Berlin 1979, 163 f.
 Walter Grundmann, Michael Altenburg: Gustav Adolfs Feldlied "Verzage nicht, du Ha¨uflein klein", Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Jena 1954.
 Berthold Kitzig, Dichter und Komponist von "Verzage nicht, du Häuflein klein!", in: Beilage zur Sömmerdaer Zeitung, 1932, 237.
 Berthold Kitzig, Gustav Adolf, Jacobus Fabricius u. M. A., die drei Urheber des Liedes »Verzage nicht, du Häuflein klein!«, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1935.
 Berthold Kitzig, Läßt sich die Frage nach dem Ursprung des Liedes »Verzage nicht, du Häuflein klein!« wiss. lösen?, in: Forschungen und Fortschritte: Nachrichtenblatt der deutschen Wissenschaft und Technik 11, Berlin 1935, 360–362.
 Wolfram Klante, "Ein neuer Aspekt in Michael Altenburgs Beziehungen zu Erfurt", in: Beiträge zur Musikwissenschaft, Academia Verlag, 1991, Bd. 33, 75–78.
 Daniel R. Melamed, Christoph Wolff, "Anguish of Hell and Peace of Soul – Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen" compiled by Burckhard Grossmann (Jena, 1623), A Collection of Sixteen Motets on Psalm 116 by Machael Preatorius, Heinricht Schütz and Others (Harvard Publications in Music, 18), Harvard 1994, 102–124.
 Ludwig Meinecke, Michael Altenburg: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der evangelischen Kirchenmusik, in: Sammelbände der Internationalen Musik-Gesellschaft V, 1903/04, 1-45.
 Hermann Mendel, Michael Altenburg, in: Musikalisches Conversations-Lexikon, Eine Encyclopädie der gesamten musikalischen Wissenschaften, reprint der Ausgabe von 1870, Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2001, 185.
 Markus Rathey, Gaudium christianum. Michael Altenburg und das Reformationsjubiläum 1617, in: Schütz-Jahrbuch 1998, 107–122.
 Stephen Rose, The Mechanisms of the Music Trade in Central Germany, 1600–40, in: Journal of the Royal Music Association 130 No. 11-37, 1-36.
 Fritz Vahldieck, Gustav Adolfs Trutzlied, in: Die christliche Welt: protestantische Halbmonatsschrift 46, Leopold klotz Verlag, Gotha 1932, 972–975.
 Arno Werner, Die thüringer Musikerfamilie Altenburg, in: Sammelbände der Internationalen Musikgesellschaft 7 H1, Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1905, 119–124.
 Arno Werner, Die alte Musikbibliothek und die Instrumentensammlung an St. Wenzel in Naumburg a. d. Saale, in Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 8 H4, Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1927, 390–415.
 Carl von Winterfeld, Der evangelische Kirchengesang, vol. 2, Leipzig 1845, 78–87.

External links

1584 births
1640 deaths
German classical composers
German Baroque composers
17th-century classical composers
German male classical composers
German Lutheran hymnwriters
17th-century German composers
17th-century male musicians


Monestier () is a commune in the Allier department in central France.

Geography
The river Bouble forms most of the commune's southwestern border, then flows east through its southern part.

Population

See also
Communes of the Allier department

References

Communes of Allier
Allier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Isitt is an English surname. It may refer to:

Debbie Isitt, English director and writer
Frank Isitt (1843–1916), New Zealand Methodist minister
Kate Isitt (journalist) (1876–1948), New Zealand journalist and writer
Kate Isitt, English actress
Leonard Isitt (minister) (1855–1937), New Zealand Methodist minister and politician
Sir Leonard Isitt (aviator) (1891–1976), New Zealand military aviator and administrator


"Mr Blobby" is a novelty song performed by character Mr Blobby, famous for appearing in the TV programme Noel's House Party. The song originally peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart on 11 December 1993 for one week but reclaimed the top spot to become the Christmas number one single, and spent a total of three weeks at No. 1.

It was written by Philip Raxster, produced by Paul Shaw and David Rogers, and was released on 22 November 1993.

Despite its chart success, it has been critically panned by critics, often naming it as one of the worst songs ever recorded.

Chart performance
The single reached No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart on 11 December 1993, replacing Meat Loaf's "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)", which had been in the No. 1 spot for seven weeks. A week later, "Babe" by Take That demoted Mr Blobby from the top spot for one week. Mr Blobby made a surprise return to the No. 1 spot on Christmas Day, and repeated that position the following week.

Critical reception
An MTV critic said that Blobby "tried to kill music... with what might be the worst song of all time"; the track is often named as such. Rupert Hawksley of The Telegraph ranked it as the worst Christmas number one in history, arguing that Blobby "set the bar so low with this bizarre single, it's hard to imagine that it could ever be usurped". Daily Record writer Euan McColm named it the third-worst Top 10 single of all time. It placed first in an HMV public poll of the worst-ever festive songs, and second in a VH1 viewer survey of the worst number one singles of all time. The track also came sixth in a Channel 4 poll of the 100 worst pop songs in history.

Music video
A music video was created for the single and was filmed in the Kew Bridge Steam Museum. It spoofed several music videos such as "Addicted to Love" by Robert Palmer, "Stay" by Shakespears Sister, Snap!'s "Rhythm Is a Dancer", and "I Can't Dance" by Genesis.

The video featured Noel Edmonds, Carol Vorderman, Wayne Sleep, Garth Crooks and Top Gear presenter Jeremy Clarkson as Mr Blobby's limo driver.

It premiered on BBC1 during the episode of Noel’s House Party broadcast 2 days before the single's release.

Track listing
"Mr Blobby"
"Mr Blobby's Theme"
"Mr Blobby" (Instrumental Mix)
"Mr Blobby "Blobby, Blobby, Blobby""

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Certifications

References

1993 songs
1993 debut singles
UK Singles Chart number-one singles
Novelty songs
Songs about television
Songs about fictional male characters
Christmas number-one singles in the United Kingdom
Bertelsmann Music Group singles


The Mississippi Air National Guard (MS ANG), commonly known as the Mississippi Air Guard, is the aerial militia of the State of Mississippi, United States of America. It is, along with the Mississippi Army National Guard, an element of the Mississippi National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the Mississippi Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Mississippi though the office of the Mississippi Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The Mississippi Air National Guard is headquartered in Jackson, and its commander is  Major General Barry A. Blanchard.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, Mississippi Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF).    Mississippi ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized.  In addition, the Mississippi Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal reserve obligations, as state militia units the elements of the Mississippi ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The Mississippi Air National Guard consists of the following major units:
 172d Airlift Wing
 Established 1 July 1953 (as: 183d Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron); operates: C-17 Globemaster III
 Stationed at: Allen C. Thompson Air National Guard Base Field, Jackson
 Gained by: Air Mobility Command
 The 172nd Airlift Wing operates the C-17 Globemaster III, and has participated in an all-volunteer mobilization and activation since 2005, flying weekly missions into harm's way to return wounded patients of the Total Force safely back to the U.S.

 186th Air Refueling Wing
 Established 27 Sepatember 1939 (as: 153d Observation Squadron); operates: KC-135R Stratotanker and C-26 Metroliner
 Stationed at: Key Field Air National Guard Base, Meridian
 Gained by: Air Mobility Command
 The 186th ARW provides worldwide air refueling support to major commands of the United States Air Force, as well as other U.S. military forces and the military forces of allied nations flying the KC-135 Stratotanker.

Support Unit Functions and Capabilities:
 238th Air Support Operations Squadron, Meridian
 248th Air Traffic Control Squadron, Meridian
 Gulfport Combat Readiness Training Center, Gulfport
 255th Air Control Squadron, Gulfport
 Shelby Auxiliary Field #1, adjacent to Camp Shelby in Hattiesburg
 209th Special Operations Civil Engineer Squadron

History
The Militia Act of 1903 established the present National Guard system, units raised by the states but paid for by the Federal Government, liable for immediate state service. If federalized by Presidential order, they fall under the regular military chain of command. On 1 June 1920, the Militia Bureau issued Circular No.1 on organization of National Guard air units.

The Mississippi Air National Guard origins date to 18 August 1939 with the establishment of the 153d Observation Squadron and is oldest unit of the Mississippi Air National Guard.   It is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.  The 153d Observation Squadron was ordered into active service on 15 October 1940 as part of the buildup of the Army Air Corps prior to the United States entry into World War II.

On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.

The modern Mississippi ANG received federal recognition on 12 September 1946 as the 153d Fighter Squadron at Key Field, Meridian.  It was equipped with F-47 Thunderbolts and its mission was the air defense of the state. 18 September 1947, however, is considered the Mississippi Air National Guard's official birth concurrent with the establishment of the United States Air Force as a separate branch of the United States military under the National Security Act.

A second Mississippi ANG unit, the 183d Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, was organized and federally recognized at Hawkins Field, Jackson and extended recognition as a new unit on 1 July 1953.

On 15 October 1962 the 153d Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level, and the 186th Tactical Reconnaissance Group was allotted by the National Guard Bureau, extended federal recognition and activated. On 1 July 1965 the 183d Air Transport Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level, and the 172d Air Transport Group was federally recognized at Jackson.

Today, the 172d Airlift Wing (172d AW) flies weekly missions into harm's way to return wounded patients of the Total Force safely back to the U.S.   The 186th Air Refueling Wing (186 ARW) provides worldwide air refueling support to major commands of the United States Air Force, as well as other U.S. military forces and the military forces of allied nations.

After the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, elements of every Air National Guard unit in Mississippi has been activated in support of the Global War on Terrorism. Flight crews, aircraft maintenance personnel, communications technicians, air controllers and air security personnel were engaged in Operation Noble Eagle air defense overflights of major United States cities.  Also, Mississippi ANG units have been deployed overseas as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq as well as other locations as directed.

See also

Mississippi Military Department
Mississippi National Guard
Mississippi State Guard
Mississippi Wing Civil Air Patrol

Notes

References

Further reading

 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,

External links

 172d Airlift Wing
 186th Air Refueling Wing
 209 Squadron on the Air National Guard website

Air National Guard
 Air National Guard
Air National Guard
Military units and formations established in 1939
Air National Guard
Organizations based in Jackson, Mississippi
Air National Guard


Bernard Joseph Flanagan (March 31, 1908 – January 28, 1998) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Norwich in Connecticut (1953–1959) and as bishop of the Diocese of Worcester in Massachusetts (1959–1983).

Biography

Early life
Bernard Flanagan was born on March 31, 1908, in Proctor, Vermont, to John B. and Alice (née McGarry) Flanagan. He studied at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, and at the Pontifical North American College in Rome.

Flanagan was ordained to the priesthood for the Diocese of Burlington by Cardinal Francesco Selvaggiani on December 8, 1931. He earned a doctorate in canon law from the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., in 1943. Flanagan then served as secretary to Bishop Edward Ryan and as chancellor of the diocese.

Bishop of Norwich
On September 1, 1953, Flanagan was appointed the first bishop of the Diocese of Norwich by Pope Pius XII. Flanagan received his episcopal consecration on December 3, 1953, in Immaculate Conception Cathedral in Burlington, Vermont, from Bishop Edward Ryan, with Bishops Vincent Waters and John Cody serving as co-consecrators. He was formally installed five days later, on December 8, in St. Patrick's Cathedral in Norwich. During his tenure, Flanagan oversaw the establishment of several secondary schools and parishes within his diocese.

Bishop of Worcester
Flanagan was named the second bishop of the Diocese of Worcester on August 8, 1959, by Pope John XXIII.  Flanagan was installed by Cardinal Richard Cushing on September 24, 1959. Flanagan attended the Second Vatican Council in Rome from 1962 to 1965, and was an ardent supporter of ecumenism. He once declared, "There are many paths that we can and must travel, as we work and pray for the fulfillment of Christ's prayer that 'all be one'. One of these paths is the association of yet separated Christian churches in local and regional councils."In 1973, the diocese joined the Worcester County Ecumenical Council, a predominantly Protestant organization. Flanagan also engaged in active dialogue with Archbishop Iakovos of the Greek Orthodox Church in America.

Retirement
Pope John Paul II accepted Flanagan's resignation as bishop of the Diocese of Worcester on March 31, 1983. Bernard Flanagan died on January 28, 1998, in Worcester at age 89.

See also

 Catholic Church hierarchy
 Catholic Church in the United States
 Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States
 List of Catholic bishops of the United States
 Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

References

External links
Roman Catholic Diocese of Norwich
Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester

1908 births
1998 deaths
College of the Holy Cross alumni
Catholic University of America alumni
Pontifical North American College alumni
People from Proctor, Vermont
Roman Catholic Diocese of Burlington
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States
Roman Catholic bishops of Norwich
Participants in the Second Vatican Council
Religious leaders from Vermont
Roman Catholic bishops of Worcester, Massachusetts
Catholics from Vermont
American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent


Raymond Knight is the name of:

Ray Knight (rodeo organizer) (1872–1947), rodeo performer and American settler of Alberta
Raymond Knight (radio) (1899–1953), American radio comedian
Raymond L. Knight (1922–1945), American aviator

See also
Ray Knight (born 1952), American baseball player


The Montana Air National Guard (MT ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of Montana, United States of America. Along with the Montana Army National Guard it is an element of the Montana National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the Montana Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Montana though the office of the Montana Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The Montana Air National Guard is headquartered in Great Falls, and its commander is  Brigadier General Buel J. Dickson.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, Montana Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF).   Montana ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized.  In addition, they are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal obligations, Montana ANG elements are subject to activation by the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The Montana Air National Guard consists of the following major unit:
 120th Airlift Wing
 Established 26 June 1947 (as: 186th Fighter Squadron); operates: C-130H Hercules
 Stationed at: Great Falls Air National Guard Base, Great Falls
 Gained by: Air Mobility Command

Support Unit Functions and Capabilities:
 219th RED HORSE Squadron
 The mission of the 219th RHS (Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron) is to organize, train and equip its 120 personnel for its role as a highly mobile, rapidly deployable, self-sustaining heavy construction and repair unit capable of supporting airpower worldwide and especially in remote and austere operating environments.

History
On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.

Lt. Col. Willard Sperry, a decorated combat pilot, began building the Montana Air National Guard at Gore Field, Great Falls. On 27 June 1947, the 186th Fighter Squadron was activated and federally recognized. Within two weeks, six F-51D Mustangs arrived. Its mission was the air defense of the state.  18 September 1947, however, is considered the Montana Air National Guard's official birth concurrent with the establishment of the United States Air Force as a separate branch of the United States military under the National Security Act.

On 1 July 1955 the 186th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron was authorized to expand to a group level, and the 120th Fighter Group (Air Defense) was allotted by the National Guard Bureau, extended federal recognition and activated.

Today the Montana ANG performs an airlift mission, equipped with C-130 Hercules Transport Aircraft.

After the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, elements of every Air National Guard unit in Montana has been activated in support of the Global War on Terrorism. Flight crews, aircraft maintenance personnel, communications technicians, air controllers and air security personnel were engaged in Operation Noble Eagle air defense overflights of major United States cities.  Also, Montana ANG units have been deployed overseas as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq as well as other locations as directed.

Notable members of the Montana Air National Guard include the likes of champion bowler MSgt Thoroughman, ex-crew chief and Red Dick winner Ed Moyer, and "The Man" Monte Howse.

References

 Montana Air National Guard website
 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,

External links

 Montana National Guard
 Montana Air National Guard
 120th Fighter Wing

United States Air National Guard
Military in Montana


The North Carolina Air National Guard (NCANG) is the aerial militia of the State of North Carolina, United States of America. It is, along with the North Carolina Army National Guard, an element of the North Carolina National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the North Carolina Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of North Carolina through the office of the North Carolina Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The North Carolina Air National Guard is headquartered in Raleigh, and its commander is  Major General M. Todd Hunt.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, North Carolina Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF).   North Carolina ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized.  In addition, the North Carolina Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal reserve obligations, as state militia units the elements of the North Carolina ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The North Carolina Air National Guard (NC ANG) consists of the following major unit:
 145th Airlift Wing
 Established 15 March 1948 (as: 156th Fighter Squadron); operates: C-17 Globemaster III. The last C-130H Hercules left on 18 December 2017; the first C-17 arrived on 7 April 2018.
 Stationed at: Charlotte Air National Guard Base, Charlotte
 Gained by: Air Mobility Command
 Provides tactical airlift capability to the United States Military and deliver supplies wherever needed

The NC ANG also contains the following support units and capabilities:
 118th Air Support Operations Squadron
 Stationed at: Stanly County Airport.  The 118th ASOS provides Tactical Command and Control of air power assets to the Joint Forces Air Component Commander and Joint Forces Land Component Commander for combat operations.

 235th Air Traffic Control Squadron
 Stationed at: Stanly County Airport. Mobile Air Traffic Control.

 263rd Combat Communications Squadron
 Stationed at: Stanly County Airport.  Provides theater communications for the Commander of the United States Central Command.

 156th Weather Flight
 Stationed at: Stanly County Airport. Combat weather team.

History

On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.

The North Carolina Air National Guard origins date to 15 March 1948 with the establishment of the 156th Fighter Squadron and is oldest unit of the North Carolina Air National Guard.  It was federally recognized and activated at Morris Field, near Charlotte and was equipped with F-47D Thunderbolts.  Its mission was the air defense of the state.

In 1950 the 156th was re-equipped with former World War II F-51 Mustangs, now designated RF-51D which had been used in the United States in a training role.  The squadron became part of Tactical Air Command (TAC) as a Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron.  The 156th Fighter Squadron was federalized due to the Korean War on 10 October 1950.  During its federalization period, the 157th was deployed to Toul-Rosières Air Base, departing for Europe in January 1952.  On 9 July 1952 the activated North Carolina Air National Guard was released from active duty and returned to state control.

In 1955 the facilities at Morris Field were expanded, two years later the 145th Fighter Group was organized consisting of the 156th Fighter Squadron and subordinate units. In 1960 the 145th FG group was redesignated the 145th Aeromedical Transport Group flying evacuation missions. In 1964 the 145th ATG was redesignated 145th Air Transport Group (Heavy). From 1966 to 1971 the 145th ATG was deployed to Vietnam, flying over 20 million km without an aircraft accident.

In 1990  North Carolina Army and Air National Guard units were mobilized for Operation Desert Shield, followed by Operation Desert Storm in 1991. Personnel from the 145th Airlift Wing were deployed to Germany and other locations. In 1995 North Carolina Army and Air National Guard troops were mobilized for service in Bosnia, Hungary, and Germany.

After the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, elements of every Air National Guard unit in North Carolina have been activated in support of the Global War on Terrorism. Flight crews, aircraft maintenance personnel, communications technicians, air controllers and air security personnel were engaged in Operation Noble Eagle air defense overflights of major United States cities.  Also, North Carolina ANG units have been deployed overseas as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq as well as other locations as directed.

In 2012, the White Draw Fire burned 8 miles northeast of Edgemont, South Dakota. On 1 July 2012, an NC Air National Guard C-130 aircraft that was tasked as a Modular Airborne FireFighting System crashed, killing four military personnel and injuring two.

On 18 December 2015, Clarence Ervin became the first African-American chief of staff of the North Carolina Air National Guard in its history.

Notes

References

Further reading
 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,

External links
 145th Airlift Wing

1947 establishments in North Carolina
Air National Guard
Military units and formations established in 1947
Air National Guard
Air National Guard
United States Air National Guard


Karen Taylor may refer to:

 Karen Taylor (comedian) (born 1976), English comedian
 Karen Taylor (EastEnders), fictional character in the British soap opera EastEnders
 Karen Taylor (Hollyoaks), fictional character in the British soap opera Hollyoaks
 Karen Taylor (The Young and the Restless), fictional character in the American soap opera The Young and the Restless
 Karen E. Taylor, American horror and fantasy writer
 Karen T. Taylor (born 1952), American forensic artist
 Karen Taylor, basketball player and mother of basketball player Stanley Johnson
Karrin Taylor Robson, Arizona politician


The following article presents a summary of the 1939 football (soccer) season in Brazil, which was the 38th season of competitive football in the country.

Campeonato Paulista

Final Standings

Corinthians declared as the Campeonato Paulista champions.

State championship champions

Other competition champions

Brazil national team
The following table lists all the games played by the Brazil national football team in official competitions and friendly matches during 1939.

References

 Brazilian competitions at RSSSF
 1939 Brazil national team matches at RSSSF

Seasons in Brazilian football
Brazil


Murat () is a commune in the Allier department in central France.

Population

See also
Communes of the Allier department

References

Communes of Allier
Allier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia


Events from the year 1725 in Ireland.

Incumbent
Monarch: George I

Events
June 24 – first recorded meeting of the Grand Lodge of Ireland in Dublin, making it the second most senior Grand Lodge in world Freemasonry, and the oldest in continuous existence.
Irish Presbyterian ministers who refuse to subscribe at ordination to the Westminster Confession form the Presbytery of Antrim.

Births
May 15 – James Fortescue, politician (d. 1782)
September 27 – Patrick d'Arcy, mathematician (d. 1779)
September 28 (possible date) – Arthur Guinness, brewer and founder of the Guinness Brewery business and family (d. 1803)
December 20 – John Parr, Governor of Nova Scotia (d. 1791)
Robert Hellen, English-born lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
Alexander McNutt, British Army officer and coloniser of Nova Scotia (d. 1811)

Deaths
March 31 – Henry Boyle, 1st Baron Carleton, Chancellor of the Exchequer of England and Lord Treasurer of Ireland (b. 1669)
April 16 – James Barry, politician (b. 1661)
December 26 – Katherine FitzGerald, Viscountess Grandison, heiress (b. 1660)
James Terry, Jacobite officer of arms.

References

Years of the 18th century in Ireland
Ireland
1720s in Ireland


The North Dakota Air National Guard (ND ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of North Dakota, United States. Along with the North Dakota Army National Guard, it is an element of the North Dakota National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the North Dakota Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of North Dakota though the office of the North Dakota Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The North Dakota Air National Guard is headquartered in Fargo, and its commander is  Major General Alan S. Dohrmann.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, North Dakota Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF). North Dakota ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized.  In addition, the North Dakota Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal reserve obligations, as state militia units the elements of the North Dakota ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The North Dakota Air National Guard consists of the following major unit:
 119th Wing
 Established 1 February 1947 (as: 178th Fighter Squadron)
 Stationed at: Fargo Air National Guard Base
 Gained by: Air Combat Command
 The mission of the 119th Wing is reconnaissance.
The 178th Reconnaissance Squadron includes operations of the General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper, a medium-altitude, long-endurance, remotely piloted aircraft.
219th Security Forces Squadron, attached to 91st Missile Wing, Twentieth Air Force

History
On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.

The North Dakota Air National Guard received federal recognition on 1 February 1947 as the 1178th Fighter Squadron at Hector Field, Fargo.  It was equipped with F-51D Mustangs and its mission was the air defense of the state. 18 September 1947, however, is considered the North Dakota Air National Guard's official birth concurrent with the establishment of the United States Air Force as a separate branch of the United States military under the National Security Act.

The North Dakota Air National Guard has been tasked to perform its state mission on many occasions. Prominent examples include Operation Haylift in 1949, providing relief to blizzard-bound farms and ranches, and more recently, Operation Snowball and Operation Good Neighbor in 1997, to combat unprecedented winter snowfall and spring flooding conditions throughout North Dakota.

Federalization of the North Dakota Air National Guard occurred during the Korean War, with the unit mobilized and ordered to active duty in 1951, returning to Fargo and state control in 1953. It also occurred following the September 11 attacks in 2001, when hundreds of airmen were voluntarily recalled to active duty status for Operation Noble Eagle, under the North American Aerospace Defense Command and the "all States agreement".

Air Defense alert has been a major part of the North Dakota Air National Guard's tasking since September 1953. The unit provided alert coverage at Fargo, with either two or four aircraft continuously on status, until March 1990 when home station alert was discontinued. Other alert sites include March Air Reserve Base, California, and Kingsley Field, near Klamath Falls, Oregon. The most recent permanent alert detachment was at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia with 36 full-time personnel operating aircraft maintenance, munitions, supply, administrative and operational command responsibilities. The detachment closed in October 2006 due to the change from the F-16C fighter to the Learjet C-21A transport.

The first overseas deployment of the North Dakota Air Guard occurred in 1983, with six F-4D Phantom II fighters and 120 support personnel deploying to Naval Air Station Keflavik, Iceland. Eight Soviet Tupolev Tu-95 reconnaissance aircraft were intercepted by the "Happy Hooligan" pilots during the deployment. In 1986, the 119th Fighter Group became the first core unit to assume the USAF Zulu alert mission at Ramstein Air Base, Germany. Referred to as "Creek Klaxon", the 119th and other air defense units stood continuous alert for one year providing air sovereignty in Europe for NATO. During Operation Desert Storm, 107 North Dakota ANG members were mobilized and deployed in support of operations at numerous locations in the United States. The Lockheed C-130 Hercules support aircraft assigned to the North Dakota Air National Guard and aircrew also provided stateside airlift of personnel and equipment to support Operation Desert Storm. Most recently, after Hurricane Katrina destroyed the Gulf Coast of the United States, the 119th Fighter Wing answered the call for assistance, responding with less than forty-eight hours notice and deployed 64 personnel from the Civil Engineering Squadron, prepared 228.1 tonnes of equipment and supplies and loaded three C-5A Galaxy and one C-130H transport aircraft for deployment to Gulfport, Mississippi, to build and support the tent city required to house over 2,000 National Guard relief workers. The Services Flight also prepared over 210,000 meals over a 60-day period for the relief workers.

In its 2005 Base Realignment and Closure recommendations, the United States Department of Defense recommended to realign the 119th Fighter Wing and retire the wing's 15 F-16s. Hector IAP ranked low in military value. The reduction in the F-16 force structure and the need to align common versions of the F-16 at the same bases argued for realigning Hector IAP to allow its aircraft to retire without a flying mission backfill.  the NDANG flew the Learjet C-21A executive transport until the mission ended in 2013. The North Dakota ANG was also running a General Atomics MQ-1 Predator flight operations squadron in Fargo which flew daily in Iraq.

See also

Grand Forks Air Force Base
Minot Air Force Base
South Dakota Air National Guard (Sioux Falls)
Minnesota Air National Guard (Twin Cities, Duluth)

References

 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,
 North Dakota Air National Guard

External links

 North Dakota National Guard
 119th Wing official site

United States Air National Guard
Military in North Dakota
1947 establishments in North Dakota


{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= Virginia Air National Guard
|image= 192d Fighter Wing F-22 Raptor.jpg
|image_size= 280px
|caption= An F-22 Raptor of the 149th Fighter Squadron at Joint Base Langley–Eustis. The 149th is the oldest unit in the Virginia Air National Guard, having over 70 years of service to the commonwealth and nation.
|dates= 21 June 1947 - present
|country=
|allegiance=
|branch=   Air National Guard
|type=
|role= "To meet commonwealth and federal mission responsibilities."
|size=
|command_structure=  Virginia Department of Military AffairsUnited States National Guard Bureau
|garrison=  Virginia Air National Guard, Joint Force Headquarters, Richmond, Virginia
|garrison_label=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=
|colors_label=
|march=
|website =
|mascot=
|battles=
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=

|commander1= President Joe Biden(Commander-in-Chief)Frank Kendall III(Secretary of the Air Force)Governor Glenn Youngkin''(Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia)
|commander1_label= Civilian leadership
|commander2= MG Timothy P. Williams
|commander2_label= Adjutant General
|commander3= BG Toni M. Lord
|commander3_label= Air Component Commander
|notable_commanders=

|identification_symbol=
|identification_symbol_label= Emblem of the 192nd Wing/Virginia Air National Guard

|aircraft_attack=
|aircraft_bomber=
|aircraft_Command_and_Control=
|aircraft_electronic=
|aircraft_fighter= F-22A Raptor
|aircraft_interceptor=
|aircraft_patrol=
|aircraft_recon=
|aircraft_transport=
|aircraft_tanker=
}}

The Virginia Air National Guard (VA ANG)''' is the aerial militia of the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States of America. It is, along with the Virginia Army National Guard, an element of the Virginia National Guard.

As commonwealth militia units, the units in the Virginia Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Virginia through the office of the Virginia Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The Virginia Air National Guard is headquartered in Richmond, and its commander is  Brigadier General Toni M. Lord.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, Virginia Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF). Virginia ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized. In addition, the Virginia Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal reserve obligations, as commonwealth militia units the elements of the Virginia ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. Commonwealth missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The Virginia Air National Guard consists of the following major unit:
 192nd Wing
 Established 21 June 1947 (as: 149th Fighter Squadron); operates: F-22A Raptor
 Stationed at: Joint Base Langley–Eustis, Hampton
 Gained by: Air Combat Command
 The 192nd is co-located with the active duty 1st Fighter Wing as an associate unit.  The 149th Fighter Squadron is the first Air National Guard squadron to fly the F-22 Raptor.

History
In May 1946, the United States Department of Defense reactivated the 328th Fighter Squadron and redesignated it the 149th Fighter Squadron. The 328th had been organized at Mitchell Field, New York, on 10 October 1942, and saw action in Europe. The newly designated 149th FS was assigned to the Virginia Air National Guard, which earned official recognition from the National Guard Bureau in June 1947.

Korean War
The unit was called to active federal service on 1 March 1951. This activation temporarily resulted in the dissolution of the Virginia Air National Guard, as members were sent to various places, including for many, duty in the Korean War. The Virginia ANG was reorganized in November 1953 as a B-26 bomber outfit.

Cold War
In 1957, the unit was redesignated the 149th Fighter Interceptor Squadron and was scheduled to get F-86E Saber jets. However, later that year, the unit became the 149th Tactical Fighter Squadron, and F-84F Thunderstreak fighter-bombers began replacing the B-26.

At the height of the Cold War in 1961, the squadron was federalized as a result of tensions concerning the Berlin Wall. The squadron remained at Richmond in an active-duty status for about a year before being released. Twenty-two Virginia ANG members were sent to Chaumont-Semoutiers Air Base, France, in December 1961 to support the 7180th Tactical Fighter Wing, a deployed unit of the 108th Tactical Fighter Wing. They spent eight months in Europe.

In October 1962, the Virginia ANG unit was redesignated as the 192nd Tactical Fighter Group, with the 149th TFS becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 192nd Headquarters, 192nd Material Squadron (Maintenance), 192nd Combat Support Squadron, and the 192nd USAF Dispensary.

During 1971, the Virginia ANG was assigned the F-105D Thunderchief, a supersonic fighter-bomber that was the backbone of the USAF's fighter element during the Vietnam War. The group's special tasking during the next 10 years included several deployments to Red Flag live-fire exercises in Nevada and a deployment to RAF Lakenheath, United Kingdom, in 1976.

In 1981, the unit transitioned to the A-7D Corsair II. The 10-year A-7 era included several deployments, to Ecuador, Norway, and to Panama, in support of the defense of the Panama Canal. A Virginia contingent competed in Gunsmoke '85, the USAF's tactical fighter competition, and the 192nd was named the world's "Best A-7 unit". The 192nd also earned the General Spruance Safety Award and was recognized as having had the best Operational Readiness Inspection in the Ninth Air Force during 1985. That string of accomplishments helped the 192nd earn its first USAF Outstanding Unit Award, which was presented in 1987.

Peacekeeping operations
In 1991, the Virginia ANG became the first Air National Guard unit to receive the F-16C/D. The 192nd's designation shortened somewhat during 1992 from 192nd Tactical Fighter Group to 192nd Fighter Group. This change reflected the retirement of the former Tactical Air Command and creation of the multi-role mission of the new Air Combat Command. The unit was initially assigned 24 single-seat F-16C models and two F-16D models. By early 1994, defense cutbacks had reduced the unit's assigned inventory to 18 F-16s, and eventually to only 15 fighter jets.

After the 192nd FG became fully operational with the F-16, it was chosen as the lead unit in a four-state Air National Guard F-16 "rainbow" detachment deployed to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, to support Operation Provide Comfort II. During that operation between 1 December 1993 and 15 January 1994, ANG pilots patrolled the no-fly zone over northern Iraq to prevent Iraqi forces from inflicting damage on the villages of Kurdish minorities. This was the first time Air National Guard units had been called to active duty to serve in a peacekeeping role in the Middle East, following Iraq's defeat in 1991. The unit returned to Incirlik in February 1996 for another round of patrols over Iraq. During October 1995, the 192nd's designation was again slightly modified to reflect unit restructuring within the Air Force and Air National Guard. This time the unit designation was changed from 192nd Fighter Group to 192nd Fighter Wing.

At the direction of the commander of Air Combat Command, in January 1996 the 192nd became a test regional repair center for F-16 engines. The 18-month assignment called for the 192nd propulsion section to strip and rebuild General Electric F110-GE-100 engines for its own F-16s as well as for F-16s assigned to Pope Air Force Base, North Carolina. With Pope designated to become a composite wing with several types of aircraft, ACC officials sought more efficient and economical ways of providing maintenance for its F-16 engines. By setting up a regional repair center at the 192nd, the Air Force reduced the number of F-16 maintenance people needed in this region, consolidated their training, reduced duplication of resources and equipment, and lowered maintenance costs per flying hour.

In April–May 1999, a number of Virginia ANG munitions personnel deployed to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, with personnel from the Florida Air National Guard to fill critical munitions slots in maintaining the northern no-fly zone. At the same time, personnel from the 192nd Communications Flight, Military Personnel Flight, Security Forces Squadron, Services Squadron and Civil Engineer Squadron deployed to Al Jaber Air Base, Kuwait, to support U.S. Air Force contingency activities to guard and protect the southern no-fly zone.

In December 2000, 29 members of the 192nd deployed to Southwest Asia and other locations in support of Operation Southern Watch. In addition to Turkey and Kuwait, they were deployed to Prince Sultan Air Base and Eskan Village, Saudi Arabia, Aviano Air Base, Italy, and Qatar.

Also in December 2000, the 192nd was deployed on its first Aerospace Expeditionary Force assignment. A 130-person detachment went to Curaçao in the Netherlands Antilles as part of Operation Coronet Nighthawk, an effort to stop drug smuggling into the United States. Aside from strictly operational matters, the fighter wing also focused on community support, humanitarian assistance and military heritage.

War on Terror
The pace of activity for the 192nd was ended with the September 11 attacks of 2001. The United States' responses to those attacks, Operation Noble Eagle and Operation Enduring Freedom, dominated the Virginia ANG in the following months. During the attacks on 9/11, two Virginia Air National Guard F-16C fighters were scrambled with live 20mm guns to intercept and recover Attorney General John Ashcroft to the Richmond International Airport and to respond as required to any known hijacked aircraft.  Ashcroft ended up landing in DC and the Virginia fighters responded to ATC requests for visual identification of aircraft over the DC area. Eventually, the two fighters landed at Langley AFB and were of the first to be loaded with live missiles and flown in support of the newly created Operation Noble Eagle.  More than 400 ANG members were called to active duty for time frames ranging up to two years, marking a period of prolonged intensity at the Air Guard base unmatched since the Berlin call-up of 1961–62.

The Virginia ANG home station in Sandston took on the look of an active-duty air force base. Beginning in mid-September, combat air patrols were flown day and night for 218 consecutive days until mid-April 2002 for a total of 820 operational sorties and 3,515.5 flying hours.

In September–October 2003, in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Virginia ANG deployed more than 300 personnel to an undisclosed base in Southwest Asia.

On 14 January 2004, a milestone was reached as the Propulsion section of the 192nd Maintenance Group completed assembly of the 300th jet engine since production started in 1994. As the year unfolded, an emphasis was placed on new mission requirements, and the future of the Virginia ANG 192nd FW. Guard members were given news about plans to relocate the unit to nearby Langley Air Force Base and the replacement of the F-16 with the F-22A Raptor. For this, the 192nd FW would be integrated with the USAF 1st Fighter Wing. In October 2005, LtCol. Phillip Guy became the first Virginia ANG pilot to transition to Langley AFB and fly the new F-22A in training missions and sorties alongside active duty Air Force pilots stationed there.

The last Unit Training Assembly was held at Sandston in September 2007. Remaining base personnel solemnly attended the 'Stand-down' ceremony in the main hangar and watched as the unit flag was rolled-up by Col. Jay Pearsall and then put away.

On 13 October 2007, the 192nd FW was reactivated in a ceremony held at the 27th Fighter Squadron, Langley AFB. Set-up as a classic 'associate wing' the 192nd FW works directly with the 1st FW yet maintains its own unit identity and command structure. It shares in the support of mission requirements for the F-22A, but does not own any of the aircraft on station.

Members of the Virginia ANG have integrated into support and medical groups, and also into the 480th Intelligence Wing. In October 2007 the 192nd Intelligence Squadron had grown to approximately 100 members.

On 6 January 2009, airmen of the Virginia Air National Guard were deployed to Kadena Air Base piloting 12 F-22As as part of a scheduled rotation of forces, an exercise that attracted significant attention from media, politicians, and civilians in Japan.

See also

 Virginia Defense Force
 Virginia Military Institute
 Virginia Wing Civil Air Patrol

References

 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,
 Virginia National Guard website

External links

 Virginia Department of Military Affairs
 192nd Wing

United States Air National Guard
Military in Virginia


The South Dakota Air National Guard (SD ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of South Dakota, United States of America. It is, along with the South Dakota Army National Guard, an element of the South Dakota National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the South Dakota Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of South Dakota though the office of the South Dakota Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The South Dakota Air National Guard is headquartered in Sioux Falls, and its commander is  Major General Timothy Reisch.

Overview
Under the "Total Force" concept, South Dakota Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF). South Dakota ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized. In addition, the South Dakota Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.

Along with their federal reserve obligations, as state militia units the elements of the South Dakota ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

Components
The South Dakota Air National Guard consists of the following major unit:
 114th Fighter Wing
 Established 20 September 1946 (as: 175th Fighter Squadron); operates: F-16 Fighting Falcon
 Stationed at: Joe Foss Field Air National Guard Station, Sioux Falls
 Gained by: Air Combat Command
 The 114th Fighter Wing deploys worldwide and executes directed tactical fighter sorties to destroy enemy forces, supplies, equipment, communications systems and installations with conventional munitions.

History
On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.

The War Department authorized the establishment of Air National Guard Squadrons, Groups and Wings in 48 States. The formation of a South Dakota - Iowa Air National Guard and assignment of Col. Frederick Gray, Jr., who was a veteran fighter pilot having served with the 8th Air Force and The RAF, as group instructor for both units, was announced by Brigadier General Charles H. Grahl, Iowa Adjutant General, at Des Moines, Iowa on 26 June 1946. Squadrons of the Air Force, each with 34 planes of various types, were located in Sioux Falls, at Sioux City and Des Moines, Iowa. Air Guardsmen under Col. Gray were trained to throw 102 planes into battle within 12 days. Lt. Col. Ted Arndt assistant to the Adjutant General surveyed local air field facilities, making note of buildings and installations to be needed by the new Air Force. The South Dakota Air National Guard 175th Fighter Squadron, with Thirteen officers, was approved by Col. E.A. Beckwith, Adjutant General, Rapid City, South Dakota on 20 September 1946. The 175th Fighter Squadron was assigned to the 132d Fighter Wing, Des Moines, Iowa. The unit was equipped with the F-51D Mustang, and several types of support aircraft.  18 September 1947, however, is considered the South Dakota Air National Guard's official birth concurrent with the establishment of the United States Air Force as a separate branch of the United States military under the National Security Act.

Cold War

The 175th was reassigned to the 133rd Fighter Interceptor Wing along with units from Fargo, Duluth and Minneapolis in November 1950. The unit was called to active duty during the Korean War on 1 March 1951 and moved to Ellsworth Air Force Base, Rapid City, South Dakota, to provide support for the Convair B-36 bombers of the 28th Bombardment Wing stationed there. The unit was returned to state control and reorganized on 1 December 1952.

Two Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star trainers were assigned to the unit in July 1954 to start the transition of the pilots into jet aircraft. The first jet assigned was the F-94A/B Starfire. On 16 April 1956, the 175th Fighter Interceptor Squadron became part of the newly constituted 114th Fighter Interceptor Group, headquartered at Sioux Falls.

In May 1956, the first F-94C Starfire was received and in 1958, the F-94s were retired for the more powerful and longer range Northrop F-89 Scorpion. After two years this plane was already replaced by the Convair F-102 Delta Dagger.

In 1960, the unit received the F-102As and was placed under the direct supervision of the Aerospace Defense Command. The 114th FIG was assigned to the 132d Fighter Wing. As part of taking over a more active role in the defense of the continental United States, aircrews were placed on five-minute alert, and four aircraft were armed and ready to intercept and destroy enemy targets.

A significant change was encountered in May 1970 when the 114th Fighter Group, Aerospace Defense Command, was redesignated to the 114th Tactical Fighter Group, Tactical Air Command. The F-102s were replaced with the F-100D Super Sabre. The mission became that of controlling the combat skies from enemy use and to reinforce the combat forces on the ground. The South Dakota ANG deployed with their F-100s to Italy and Norway. In March 1976, news was received that the unit's F-100D aircraft would be replaced by the A-7D Corsair II. The last Super Sabres left Joe Foss Field in June 1977.

In 1979, the unit began a 12-year era of participation in Operation Coronet Cove at Howard Air Force Base, Panama Canal Zone, providing for defense of the Panama Canal. Both aircrew and support personnel were extended there in the summer of 1979 during the Nicaraguan Revolution. The unit was awarded the Armed Forces Expeditionary Streamer for combat duty as a part of Operation Just Cause during 1989–1990. Overseas deployments with the A-7 included Portugal, the United Kingdom and Belgium.

The 114 TFG received the first F-16C/D fighters in August 1991 with the official conversion from the A-7 to the F-16 occurring on 1 January 1992. The unit was redesignated as the 114th Fighter Group on 16 March 1992 and became a part of the newly formed Air Combat Command on 1 June 1992.

Iraq

The unit was one of the first four Air National Guard units tasked to deploy in support of Operation Provide Comfort based out of Incirlik Air Base, Turkey. Combat air patrol missions were flown over the northern "No Fly" zone of Iraq from December 1993 to January 1994. The 114th Fighter Group was redesignated as the 114th Fighter Wing in October 1995. The unit subsequently supported Operation Northern Watch, based out of Turkey in 1995 and 2002, and Operation Southern Watch based out of Kuwait in 1998 and Saudi Arabia in 2001. The South Dakota ANG aircraft were also deployed to Belgium, Singapore, the Netherlands Antilles and Israel.

War on Terror
A new chapter was opened in the history of the Air National Guard with the September 11 attacks, in 2001. In addition to the ongoing tasking as part of the Air Expeditionary Force, South Dakota ANG members were also activated to support Operation Noble Eagle within the United States along with Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom abroad. Over two-thirds of the 114th FW 1,000 members have actively supported the War on Terror either at home or abroad. Mobilization orders were received for members of the 114th Security Forces Squadron, Civil Engineering Squadron, Maintenance Squadron (Munitions) and Logistics Readiness Squadron (Transportation). Unit members deployed to the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Jordan, Cyprus, Pakistan, Romania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Turkey, Spain, France and Germany.

See also

South Dakota State Guard
South Dakota Wing Civil Air Patrol

References

 Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense,
 South Dakota Department of Military & Veteran Affairs website

External links

 South Dakota Department of Military & Veteran Affairs
 South Dakota National Guard
 114th Fighter Wing
 South Dakota National Guard Museum

United States Air National Guard
Military in South Dakota


Horneophyton is an extinct early plant which may form a "missing link" between the hornworts and the Rhyniopsida.  It is a member of the class Horneophytopsida. Horneophyton is among the most abundant fossil organisms found in the Rhynie chert, a Devonian Lagerstätte in Aberdeenshire, UK. A single species, Horneophyton lignieri, is known. Its probable female gametophyte is the form taxon Langiophyton mackiei.

Description

The sporophyte had bare stems (axes) up to 20 cm high and about 2 mm in diameter with an undivided cortex. Stomata were present but rare. There was a thin central strand of conducting tissue, but this was not reinforced with spiral and reticulate thickenings and thus does not constitute true vascular tissue. Early stages of development of the sporophytes of Horneophyton (as of hornworts) may have been dependent on their parent gametophytes for nutrition, but mature specimens have expanded, corm-like bases  to their stems, up to 6 mm in diameter, that bore rhizoids and appear to be anchored in soil, suggesting a capacity for independent existence after the gametophyte had degenerated.

The sporangium (spore-forming organ) is unique among both living and fossil plants, consisting as it does of branched lobes at the apex of some of the branches of the stem. Each lobe contains a central collumella, analogous to the sporangia of hornworts; however, the sporangia of hornworts are not branched. The number of lobes possessed by a sporangium varied; at least three orders of dichotomous branching have been found, resulting in more than four lobes. The sporangia were much less regular than shown in most reconstructions (including that opposite), and they had 'bumps' or emergences on them. Spores were released through a slit at the top of each lobe. The sporangia of Horneophyton contained trilete meiospores, the surfaces of which were decorated with short conical protuberances.

The female gametophyte of the plant has been recognised and described as the form taxon Langiophyton mackiei. It grew to a height of around 6 cm, and was free-living. The species was dioicous (unisexual), since it produced male and female gametes on separate gametophytes.

Horneophyton grew on sandy, organic-rich soil in damp to wet locations. They usually grew as isolated individuals.

Taxonomy
First named by Kidston & Lang in 1920 from Early Devonian fossils in the Rhynie chert, the original generic name Hornea was later found to occupied by a flowering plant in the family Sapindaceae, Hornea mauritiana, leading Barghoorn and Darrah to propose renaming the genus to Horneophyton in 1938. It was classified as a rhyniophyte (subdivision Rhyniophytina) by Banks, but the absence of true vascular tissue led Kenrick and Crane in 1997 to create a new class, Horneophytopsida, for this and similar genera. A single species, Horneophyton lignieri, has been described.

Phylogeny
A possible phylogeny for Horneophyton is shown below (based on Crane et al. for the polysporangiophytes and Qiu et al. for the bryophytes.

With vascular tissue but bryophyte-like vascular tissue and sporangia, the organism has been considered a missing link between the hornworts and the vascular plants or tracheophytes (which molecular data suggest are sister groups). Features suggesting a relationship with the hornworts include the general form of its sporangia; its corm also resembles the foot of some hornworts.  The free living nature of its sporophytes, and the fact that they branching repeatedly, are marked differences which force it into the stem group of tracheophytes (along with Aglaophyton).

References

External links
 Horneophyton at the University of Aberdeen. Includes images. (The apparent size of the corms in the reconstruction is inconsistent with the cross-sections shown earlier. See .)
 Cladogram from

Early Devonian plants
Prehistoric plant genera


Lucas Ngonda is an Angolan politician.

Ngonda has led one of two factions on the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) since the division emerged in February 1999. He previously served as the FNLA spokesman.

References

Angolan military personnel
People of the Angolan Civil War
Living people
National Liberation Front of Angola politicians
20th-century Angolan people
21st-century Angolan people
Year of birth missing (living people)


USRC Scammel was one of the first ten cutters operated by the United States' Revenue Cutter Service (later to become the US Coast Guard).

Scammel was named by Alexander Hamilton for Adjutant General Alexander Scammell of New Hampshire, but one notes that Hamilton was rather careless about spelling - as were many men of letters of that time. This was the second cutter to receive the name of a Revolutionary hero but with an incorrect spelling (the  was the first, the correct spelling is Greene).

Description
The surveyor who examined Scammel prior to her entering service noted that "she had two masts, one deck, a short quarter deck, low waists with rails fore and aft, and was schooner rigged."

Operational service

As in the case of so many of these cutters, the Scammels monthly journals have been lost.  Nevertheless, some information has survived.  She cruised from Nantucket to Passamaquoddy and on occasion did sail in tandem with the cutter Massachusetts.  Scammel seized the Lucy of Stamford for "illegal registration" which was eventually condemned and sold, along with her cargo for $750.  The money was awarded to Yeaton.

Overall it would seem that Yeaton and his cutter carried out their duties effectively.  The local collector, under whose authority Scammel sailed, Joseph Whipple, informed Hamilton that:

The services performed by the Cutter I conceive to have been very important to the safety and preservation of the Revenue.  The Coast which is assigned to her, that of New Hampshire and the District of Maine, extending nearly 300 miles, many of which afford convenient places for fraudulent practices which have been checked by the attention and vigilance of the officers of the Scammel.  The services for the year past consisted in cruising the aforementioned Coast, in entering and examining the Vessel's papers, instructing the ignorant coasters, and in bringing to justice those who break or evade the laws.  Instances of contraventing of the laws have been discovered and prosecuted and some of them failed by the unaccountable determination of the court.

She was sold on 16 August 1798 to Clement Jackson for $565.

Crew

Hopley Yeaton, Master, 1791-1798.  Yeaton probably brought along his slave, Senegal, during the Scammels patrols as was this practice was permitted by the Treasury Department at this time.

John Flagg, First Mate, 1791-1791.
John Parrott, Second Mate, 1791-1791.
Samuel Hobard, Third Mate, 1791-1791.

Yeaton fired three of his crew after their first few months of service.  The men had been in "open rebellion" over issues of pay and daily food rations - particularly after they learned that their fellow sailors on board the Massachusetts received more and varied foods each day than they did.

Benjamin Gunnison, First Mate, 1792-1798.
John Adams, second mate, 1792-1796.

Sam Odiorne, second mate, 1796-1798.

In 1796, the enlisted crew were:

Danzil Donnavin, Seaman.
James Smith, Seaman.
Thomas Fowler, Seaman.
George Yeaton, Seaman (he was Yeaton's son).

Joseph Call, Boy.
Stephen Weeks, Boy.

References
Scammel, 1791, US Coast Guard website.

First ten Revenue Service cutters
1791 ships


Trinity Lutheran School (TLS) is a private Lutheran school in Bend, Oregon, United States. It is owned and operated by Trinity Lutheran Church of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. TLS serves approximately 550 students from pre-kindergarten through high school.

History
Trinity opened in 1959, offering only kindergarten. In 1994 the school moved from the church property at the base of Pilot Butte onto a  parcel on Butler Market Road. Having added pre-school through 5th grade in the original building, the new school building allowed TLS to add grades through grade eight. After completion of a new gymnasium, the church also moved to the property. A donation of modular class buildings allowed TLS to open a high school in 2006. Beginning with only five students, The high school graduated its first class in 2012.

Current demographics
Total enrollment grades PK-12 hovers around 300 students, averaging 75 students per department (primary, intermediate, middle school, and high school). However, Trinity has seen rapid growth during the 2020–21 school year with enrollment for 2021–22 going over 450 students.

Future plans
Trinity Lutheran Church has plans to add a new middle school and high school building, and a new sanctuary.

Accreditation
Trinity Lutheran is fully accredited through both National Lutheran Schools Accreditation and AdvancED,

References

External links

Private middle schools in Oregon
High schools in Deschutes County, Oregon
Christian schools in Oregon
Lutheran schools in Oregon
Educational institutions established in 1959
Education in Bend, Oregon
Private elementary schools in Oregon
Private high schools in Oregon
1959 establishments in Oregon
Schools affiliated with the Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod