The 2008 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill as a member of Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by second-year head coach Butch Davis, the Tar Heels played their home games at Kenan Memorial Stadium in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. North Carolina finished the season 8–5 overall and 4–4 in ACC play to tie for third in the Coastal Division. The Tar Heels lost to West Virginia in the Meineke Car Care Bowl. In 2011, North Carolina vacated all its wins from the 2008 and 2009 seasons.

Recruiting
The Tar Heels received 16 letters of intent on National Signing Day, February 6, 2008. One student athlete had already enrolled before National Signing Day and one signed several days later, making this class smaller and less-heralded than the previous year's class.

Coaching staff
After signing a contract extension at the end of the 2007 season, Butch Davis enters his second season as head coach.  Chuck Pagano resigned as defensive coordinator and defensive backs coach to become an assistant coach with the Baltimore Ravens in the NFL. He was replaced by Minnesota assistant  Everett Withers.

 Brad Davis (graduate assistant)

Roster

Schedule

Game summaries

McNeese State

Brandon Tate put on a dazzling one-man show, scoring on an 82-yard punt return and putting North Carolina ahead for good with a 57-yard touchdown catch to help the Tar Heels hold off McNeese State 35-27. Tate finished with a school-record 397 all-purpose yards for the Tar Heels, who showed little else in an unimpressive start to their second season under Butch Davis. In a game suspended nearly two hours due to weather, they blew a 14-0 first-half lead and had to rally from a third-quarter deficit against Football Championship Subdivision McNeese State, who outplayed the Heels much of the way. T. J. Yates had 221 passing yards and 2 touchdowns.

Rutgers

T. J. Yates threw three touchdown passes and the Tar Heels won for the first time outside North Carolina since 2002, beating error-prone Rutgers 44-12 in a nationally televised game that pitted Butch Davis against his former pupil, Greg Schiano. Hakeem Nicks and Brandon Tate combined for 10 catches, 204 receiving yards, and three touchdowns as the Heels offense rolled over Rutgers. Carolina's defense generated 4 Rutgers turnovers (3 INTs and a fumble) and scored off of a 66-yard interception return by Bruce Carter.

References

North Carolina
North Carolina Tar Heels football seasons
North Carolina Tar Heels football


Sappukei ("Tastelessness") is the third studio album by Japanese rock band Number Girl, released on July 17, 2000. It peaked at number 82 on the Oricon Albums Chart. It was ranked at number 37 on Snoozers "100 Greatest Japanese Albums of All Time." The album was produced by David Fridmann of the Flaming Lips.

Track listing

Charts

References

External links

2000 albums
Number Girl albums
Albums produced by Dave Fridmann
Albums recorded at Tarbox Road Studios


Château La Gaffelière, previously Château Gaffelière-Naudes, is a Bordeaux wine from the Saint-Émilion appellation, ranked among the Premiers grands crus classés B in the Classification of Saint-Émilion wine. The winery is located west of Château Pavie, just south of the town of Saint-Émilion, within the commune of the same name.

The château also produces a second wine named Clos La Gaffelière.

History
Founded on the ruins of a Gallo-Roman villa named "Le Palat", and later a 17th-century leper colony, the estate was sharecropping land that came to the ownership of the Comte de Malet-Roquefort. The word "gaffet" translates to leper.

Near the end of the 19th century, the original extensive estate was divided into what became Château Canon-la-Gaffelière, and the area then called Puygenestous-Naudes, renamed Château Gaffelière-Naudes. The name was simplified after 1963. After three centuries, it still belongs to the Malet-Roquefort family.

Production
From 25 hectares the vineyard area extends 22 hectares, with a grape variety of 66% Merlot, and the remainder split between Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon.

Chateau La Gaffelière annually produces on average 10,000 cases of the Grand vin.

References

Bordeaux wine producers


South Carolina Highway 219 (SC 219) is a  highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway is designated on an east–west direction, from SC 34 in Newberry to U.S. Route 176 (US 176).

Route description

History

Major intersections

See also

References

External links

SC 219 at Virginia Highways' South Carolina Highways Annex

219
Transportation in Newberry County, South Carolina
Newberry, South Carolina


Eriogonum ursinum is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Bear Valley buckwheat and talus buckwheat. It is endemic to northern California where it is found on mountains from the northern Sierra Nevada to the southern Klamath Mountains.

Description
This is an uncommon perennial herb growing mats of leaves from a woody caudex, spreading to 60 centimeters wide at the base and growing erect inflorescences up to 40 centimeters high. The leaves are pale green to yellowish, woolly, and up to about two centimeters long. The compound inflorescence is made up of clusters of pale yellow to pale pink flowers atop long, naked stems.

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
Photo gallery

ursinum
Endemic flora of California
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


A livestock carrier is a large ship used in the live export of sheep, cattle and goats. They are specially built new or converted from container ships.

Livestock carriers
Seagoing vessels modified or purpose-built for the transportation of live animals.

Subject to appropriate regulation, live animals may be transported as part of the cargo on various classes of ship. That particular method of transportation is more common on short sea crossings (e.g. ferries) and usually involves relatively small numbers of animals.
Livestock carriers are those ships, which specialise exclusively in the transportation of large numbers of live animals together with their requirements for the voyage. (food, water, sawdust bedding, medication, etc.).
Voyages on livestock carriers generally last from three days to three or four weeks. Some have lasted for months when disease outbreaks are suspected.

Main sub-types of livestock carriers

Open livestock carriers – in which all, or most, of the animal pens are installed on open decks. In theory, this provides continuous natural ventilation of the pen areas and avoids reliance on mechanical ventilation systems. Ventilation is a key factor in the transport of live animals. When animal pens become poorly ventilated, oxygen depletion and a build-up of toxic gases, develops very rapidly. Circumstances vary according to ambient conditions but a failure of ventilation systems in some tropical conditions can result in asphyxiation of animals in as little as two or three hours.

In practice, natural ventilation alone isn't adequate for all situations. One obvious limiting factor would be in following wind conditions at sea, when the air moves at the same speed as the ship. In that condition the natural air flow ventilating the animal pens can be insufficient. On most open livestock carriers there is also some type of supplementary mechanical ventilation installed in critical zones, along with appropriate back-up equipment for emergencies.

Closed livestock carriers – in which more or less all of the animals pens are located within the holds and internal decks of the ship. This has the advantage of providing a more controlled environment in which the animals and their feeding and watering arrangements are sheltered from adverse weather. However, ventilation is almost entirely dependent on mechanical systems and construction rules require specific ventilation standards for the internal spaces. These usually stipulate the minimum number of air changes per hour. Regulations also require back-up systems and auxiliary power arrangements which are separate from the main engine room. This is to ensure that adequate ventilation, lighting, watering and feeding can be maintained for the animals in the event of fire or machinery failure in the main engine spaces.

Types of animals transported
Various species have been transported in this way, but by far the most numerous are the domesticated breeds of sheep and cattle. During the latter half of the twentieth century, millions of sheep and many thousands of cattle were transported on livestock carriers. Other domesticated species which have been transported, though in smaller numbers, include horses, camels, deer, goats and, on at least one occasion, ostriches.

The transportation of live fish, on small specialised vessels, is a similar trade which has developed in the early 21st century in association with fish farming.

National authorities, which permit the export or import of live animals, regulate and monitor the ships and the associated aspects of the trade very closely, in particular to minimise the likelihood of introducing infectious disease.

Sizes and capacities

This type of ship exists in a variety of sizes, depending on market demands in different parts of the world at different times. In the latter half of the twentieth century, the prime route for such vessels was from Australasia to the Middle East. The principal livestock exporting nations were Australia and New Zealand, with the main importers being nations in the Middle East. Vessels engaged in that trade have covered a broad range of sizes,  from  to .

The limiting factors on ship size are complex. Bigger vessels can achieve economies of scale in their operations but also require more extensive port facilities to handle the larger numbers of livestock likely to be loaded or discharged.

Typically, livestock carriers carry more crew members than conventional cargo ships of a similar size, with experienced stockmen an essential part of the crew. The total number of stockmen required depends on the number of animals and also factors such as the arrangement of the livestock pens and the extent of automated systems installed for feeding and watering.

During the last three decades of the twentieth century, there was a progressive trend towards large vessels carrying greater numbers of animals in pursuit of economies of scale. Prior to that, a significant limitation had been fresh water storage capacity on ships; to maintain condition, average-sized cattle require at least forty litres of water per head, per day, with sheep requiring less- at least four litres per head, per day. Developments in water production technology (salt water evaporators or reverse-osmosis systems) have led to livestock carriers with equipment capable of producing up to 600 tonnes (600,000 litres) of fresh water per day.

Sheep and cattle also require fodder amounting to at least 2% of their body weight per day. Livestock carriers are required to carry sufficient feedstuffs for the maximum length of the voyage, as well as adequate reserves for emergencies.

Medium-sized vessels with capacity for about 30,000 to 40,000 sheep (or 3000 to 4000 head of cattle) are a common size for this type of ship. However, during the last two decades of the twentieth century, there were a small number of sheep carriers which had capacity for 130,000 sheep.

There were at least two other large livestock carriers which specialised in combined cargoes of cattle and sheep. One had capacity for about 7,000 cattle and 70,000 sheep and the other could carry 14,000 cattle and 20,000 sheep.

In 2007 the livestock carrier Deneb Prima was loading cargoes amounting to 20,000 cattle and 2000 sheep.

The numbers detailed above are only general indications. The space allocated to animals on livestock carriers is officially regulated according to their size and weight ranges. Larger and heavier animals are allocated proportionately more space per head.

Safety record
The DANNY F II capsized in the Mediterranean Sea in December 2009 resulting in the loss of many crew members and more than 20,000 animals.

Fire broke out onboard livestock carrier Estancia (IMO 7404944) anchored off Berbera, in the Gulf of Aden, in August 2013.

In May 2015, the Asia Raya caught fire with 634 cows on board, originally destined for East Kalimantan in Indonesia; many of the cattle lost their lives.

On 12 July 2015, a livestock carrier sunk in the Gulf of Aden, with the death of all the animals onboard and two crew.

Livestock carrier losses in 2015 included the Haidar, in Barcarena, Brazil, in October, carrying 5,000 cattle (an unknown number drowned, and only few survived). Also in the autumn of 2015 the Nabolsi I caught fire in the Mediterranean Sea off Ierapetra, Crete while en route from Beirut to Alexandria.

In January 2019, the Wardeh was involved in an incident when it ran aground in the Mediterranean Sea near Mersin, Turkey.

In November 2019, the livestock carrier Queen Hind capsized and sank in the Port of Midia, Romania, with 14,000 sheep onboard.

On 2 September 2020, some 6,000 cattle and 41 crew died during the loss of the Gulf Livestock 1 in the East China Sea. Two crew members survived.

In October 2020, livestock carriers were assessed as being twice as likely to be declared an accidental economic loss as other types of cargo vessel.

On 12 June 2022, some 15,000 sheep drowned in the sinking of the Badr 1 in the Red Sea port of Suakin, Sudan.

See also
Seagoing cowboys: WW2 relief ships

References

External links
Australian Maritime Safety Authority. Marine Orders. Livestock. (AMSA MO 43)
Livestock ship in record voyage with 22000 animals
Campaigns - Naturewatch

Container ships
Ship types
Livestock transportation vehicles


This is a list of bridges and other crossings of the Black Warrior River from its confluence at the Tombigbee River near Demopolis upstream to its source at the confluence of the Mulberry and Locust forks in Jefferson County, Alabama.

Crossings

References
 Bridge Tables from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Black Warrior River
Crossings


Yiliangella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites


Yiliangellina is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites


Yinites is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Yorkella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Australia
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Kenneth James Eustice is a former Australian rules footballer who played with West Adelaide, Central District and Glenelg in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

Eustice started his career in 1958 with West Adelaide and was a member of their premiership side in 1961. He usually played on the wing at West Adelaide and it was in that position that he won the 1962 Magarey Medal. During his time as captain-coach at Central District he played as a centreman and won their best and fairest award in 1967. He also a best and fairest winner at Glenelg, taking out the award in 1969 as he neared the end of his 224-game SANFL career. A regular for South Australia at interstate football, Eustice was used mostly as a half back flanker.

External links
SA Football Hall of Fame – Ken J Eustice
WAFC Magarey Medallists – Kenneth James Eustice

Central District Football Club coaches
Central District Football Club players
West Adelaide Football Club players
Glenelg Football Club players
Magarey Medal winners
Australian rules footballers from South Australia
South Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)


Frank Ritter may refer to:

Frank Ritter (psychologist), professor at Pennsylvania State University
Frank Ritter (entrepreneur), founder of The Ritter Company and contributor to a forerunner of the Rochester Institute of Technology
Frank Ritter Memorial Ice Arena on the RIT campus, named after the above person
Frank Ritter Shumway, ice skating official, grandson of the entrepreneur.


Parazhenbaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Polliaxis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Corynexochida genera
Edelsteinaspididae


Olenelloides armatus is an extinct, small sized (about  long) olenelloid redlichiid trilobite arthropod. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period. The most conspicuous feature is the hexagonal head shield that carries 6 ray-like spines..

Etymology
The genus is named after its originally supposed close relationship with Olenellus. The species epithet , a Latin adjective meaning 'armoured', is a reference to the fierce looking spines of the head shield.

Occurrence
Olenelloides armatus lived during the late Lower Cambrian deposits presumably contemporary with the middle Olenellus-zone (Wanneria subzone), that probably represents the late Botomian, approximately between 519 and 516 million years ago.

Distribution
Olenelloides armatus has been collected from the Fucoid Beds, Northern slopes of the Meall a'Ghiubhais, County Ross and Cromarty, Scotland, UK.

Description

As with most early trilobites, Olenelloides has an almost flat exoskeleton, that is only thinly calcified, and has crescent-shaped eye ridges. As part of the Olenellina suborder, Olenelloides lacks dorsal sutures. Like all other members of the Olenelloidea superfamily, the eye-ridges spring from the back of the frontal lobe (L4) of the central area of the cephalon, that is called glabella.

The exoskeleton of Olenelloides armatus is small (up to ) and narrow (less than  as wide as long, measured between the base of the outermost spines).

Its head shield (or cephalon) is hexagonal, with three pairs of spines extending from each of the corners of the cephalon, all almost  as long as the diameter of the cephalon. The frontal pair (or procranidial spines) have an angle of about 25° to the axis, the middle pair (or genal spines) of about 100°, and the rear pair (or intergenal spines) of about 150°. The intergenal spines do not emerge from the cephalic border, but rather from the sides of the 2nd lobe of the glabella from the back - the scientific convention is to count glabellar lobes back to front, giving them the following names: occipital ring or lobe (OR or OL), 1st lobe (L1), 2nd lobe (L2), 3rd lobe (L3), and anterior lobe (AL or L4) -. The front side of the cephalon is slightly bulging out forward to accommodate the frontal lobe (L4) of the raised central area called glabella. The eye lobes are short, wide and strongly curved, occupying most of the middle rd of the area outside the glabella (the 'cheeks' or genae). The occipital ring is wider than the other glabellar lobes, and carries a node on the rear edge at midline.

The thorax has a wide axis of about  of the total width of the thorax, not including the spines, and consists of 9 segments. The frontal 3 are equal in size, but segments further back get smaller at an increasing rate. The thorax segments carry a node on the rear edge at midline, that diminishes towards the back. The 1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th thorax segments (counting front to back) do not carry spines, the frontal edge of the outer lobes (or pleurae) suddenly angles back at 150° ending in a blunt tip. The 3rd segment ends laterally in a straight spine that angles back at about 150° and extending backwards beyond the axis. The 6th-10th segments carry spines that curve backwards and increasingly inwards to the midline and extending increasingly less far backwards, the 6th ending parallel to the midline and extending as far back as the spine of the 3rd segment.

Taxonomic history
Ben Peach described the species as Olenellus (Olenelloides) armatus, assigning it to a new subgenus of Olenellus. Other early scholars regarded Olenelloides armatus as a separate genus closely related to Olenellus. McNamara argued that O. armatus developed from Olenellus ancestry through retention of juvenile features (paedomorphosis), and regarded the original ranking more appropriate. More recent scholars however suggest to treat Olenelloides as a peculiar but valid genus within the Olenellidae, and assign it provisionally to the subfamily Laudoniinae. They argue that the absence of a preglabellar field and the presence of advanced genal spines are not immature features, but are shared with Laudonia. Lieberman does not support assignment to the Laudoniinae, and alternatively proposes inclusion in the Biceratopsinae.

Habitat
Olenelloides armatus probably was a fast-moving low-level epifaunal detritivore.

References

Redlichiida genera
Biceratopsidae
Cambrian trilobites
Monotypic arthropod genera
Cambrian trilobites of Europe
Cambrian genus extinctions


Richard Sutcliffe (26 January 1849 – 23 July 1930) was an Irish mining engineer and inventor, active in England.

He was born on a farm in Tipperary and worked at coal mines in Ireland between 1857 and 1885. He moved to Barnsley, England in August 1885.  In 1892 he invented the world's first coal cutting machine.  In 1905 he invented the world's first underground conveyor belt. This invention revolutionized the mining industry by greatly reducing the amount of labour needed to transport coal. His company, Richard Sutcliffe Ltd., based in Horbury near Wakefield pioneered the manufacture of conveyor belts used in the mining and assembly line industries. His company devised many other types of mining equipment. His company also produced four documentaries about the manufacturing industry, directed by Lindsay Anderson between 1948 and 1954.

After his death, his children took over his business which was later bought out by a larger company. Today, his descendants run a company that manufactures playground equipment.

References and further reading

Sutcliffe, Richard Joseph Sutcliffe, Edward D. Richard Sutcliffe: The Pioneer of Underground Belt Conveying. Surrey, UK:  R.W. Simpson & Co, 1948

External links
Sutcliffe Play : Playground Equipment - Design and Manufacture at www.sutcliffeplay.co.uk
"Richard Sutcliffe" - Google Patents at www.google.com US patents
Esp@cenet results view at v3.espacenet.com Worldwide patents held

1849 births
1930 deaths
Irish mining engineers
Irish inventors
Engineers from County Tipperary
19th-century Irish engineers
20th-century Irish engineers


Nodiceps is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Corynexochida genera
Edelsteinaspididae


Kepingaspis is an extinct genus of redlichiid trilobite that lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Drepanopyge is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Prehistoric animals of China
Redlichiida genera


Cambropallas is an extinct genus of trilobite in the family Holmiidae. There is one described species in Cambropallas, C. telesto.

References

Olenelloidea
Articles created by Qbugbot


Chelediscus Rushton, 1966,  is a genus of Eodiscinid trilobite belonging to the family Weymouthiidae Kobayashi T. (1943),  Order Agnostida Salter (1864).  The Treatise assigns this genus to the Calodiscidae; Cotton and Fortey (2005)  however move it to the Weymouthiidae. Chelediscus lived during the later part of the Botomian stage..  Chelediscus is known from upper lower Cambrian strata in England, Newfoundland, New York State and Russia (Rushton, 1966;  Fletcher, 2003; Rasetti, 1967; Jell in Kaesler, 1997;

Distribution
 The Holotype of C. acifer Rushton (1966, p. 19, pl. 2, figs. 26 a - e), is A 57104, held at the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge and was collected by Rushton from about 450' above base of the Purley Shale Formation (Protolenus Biozone) at Camp Hill, St. Paul's Church, Stockingford, Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England [Closest ICS interval: Cambrian Series 3 – Terreneuvian Epoch].

C. acifer is also recorded from a Limestone at the top of the Torneträsk Formation, probably Ornamentaspis? linnarssoni Assemblage Zone, in the Luobakti section, south of Lake Torneträsk, northern Swedish Lapland  and the lower to middle Brigus Formation (Hupeolenus Zone; Tannudiscus balanus Subzone) at Cape St Mary's, Newfoundland (Fletcher, 2003).

 C. chathamensis Rasetti (1967, p. 46, pl. 3, figs. 11 - 17) was recovered from the Malden Bridge road cut, on Columbia County Route 32, about one mile W. of Malden Bridge, New York State. In the eastern part of the cut, a few medium-grey, granular, 1-3 inch thick limestone beds yielded a rather large Lower Cambrian faunule very similar to the Acimetopus bilobatus faunule from limestone exposures on the Griswold farm, about 1 mile southeast of North Chatham, Columbia County, New York State, USA. The strata holding this faunule are referred to as the Leptochilodiscus punctulatus beds.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Weymouthiidae
Agnostida genera
Fossil taxa described in 1966
Trilobites of North America
Trilobites of Europe

Cambrian genus extinctions


Sectigena is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Ellipsocephalidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Trilobites of Africa


is a railway station in the town of Tatsuno Town, Kamiina District, Nagano Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Lines
Ono Station is served by the old route of Chūō Main Line  (Okaya-Shiojiri branch)  and is 17.8 kilometers from the branching point of the line at Okaya Station and 228.2 from the terminus at Tokyo Station.

Station layout
The station consists of two opposed ground-level side platforms connected by a footbridge. The station is a  Kan'i itaku station.

Platforms

History
Ono Station opened on 6 June 1906.  With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2017, the JR East portion of the  station was used by an average of 143 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

Surrounding area

Ono Jinja

See also
 List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links

 JR East station information

Railway stations in Nagano Prefecture
Chūō Main Line
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1906
Stations of East Japan Railway Company
Tatsuno, Nagano


Xilingxia is an extinct genus of ptychopariid trilobites in the family Antagmidae. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago of the Cambrian Period.

References

Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Trilobites of Asia


Rinconia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Ellipsocephalidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites


Qingkouia is an extinct genus of redlichiid trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Wanneria is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period. Wanneria walcottana is the only known species in this genus (i.e. the genus is monotypic).

Description
As with most early trilobites, Wanneria walcottana has an almost flat exoskeleton, that is only thinly calcified, and has crescent-shaped eye ridges. As part of the Olenellina suborder, Wanneria lacks dorsal sutures. Like all other members of the Olenelloidea superfamily, the eye-ridges spring from the back of the frontal lobe (L4) of the central area of the cephalon, that is called glabella. The dorsal exoskeleton of Wanneria has an inverted egg shaped outline, approximately 1½ times longer than wide, ignoring the pleural spines, and is at its widest at the back of the cephalon. The horizontal outline of the head (or cephalon) is semi-circular with the back (or posterior margin) perpendicular to the midline or somewhat arching backwards. The L4 is wider than the other lobes, and touches the raised ridge (or anterior border) at the front of the cephalon. The right and left furrow (S1) between the first (L1) and second (L2) pair of side lobes (counted from the back of the cephalon) do not join across the midline, and angle forwards from the middle to the side. The sickle shaped eyes are attached to the back of L4 and extend backwards to the most backward set of side-lobes of the glabella (or L1). The rim of the cephalon is extended into backward pointing genal spines, that reach back to approximately the 4th thorax segment. Its body (or thorax) has 17 segments, with nodes on thorax segments 1 to 14, and a short spine on segment 15 that is at its base about ¼ as wide as the axis. The axis is about ¼ as wide as the thorax. Unlike in the majority of the Olenelloidea, in Wanneria thorax segment 3 is not macro-pleural, but equal in size and shape to neighboring segments. Pleural spines slightly arched backwards, extending sideward in the most frontal thorax segments, but gradually more backward and eventually even arching slightly inward in segment 17.

Distribution
Wanneria walcottana occurs in the middle Upper Olenellus-zone of Pennsylvania (Kinzers Formation, road metal quarry and walls of demolished tenant house on Noah L. Getz farm, on Harrisburg Pike, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Rohrerstown, about 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Lancaster, Lancaster County, ), of Nevada (Harkless Formation, North-East of Goldpoint, Dyeran, Esmeralda County, ), Mexico (Buelna Formation, Cerro Rajon, Caborca Region, ) and of Greenland.

Taxonomy

Relationship within the Olenellidae
Wanneria walcottana is close to the common ancestor of the Holmiidae, and of the clade comprising Fritzolenellus, Mummaspis, Laudonia, the Biceratopsinae and the Bristoliinae. So far, cladistic analysis could not determine which two of these groups are closer. This large group together is the sister group to Elliptocephala.

Species previously assigned to Wanneria
 W. halli = Fremontella halli
 W. jaquetti p. 74-75, pl. VI, fig. 5 = Neltneria jaquetti
 W. jaquetti p. 74-75, pl. VI, fig. 1-4 = Bondonella typica
 W. logani = Elliptocephala logani
 W. lundgreni = Elliptocephala lundgreni
 W. macer = Mummaspis macer
 W. mediocris = Elliptocephala mediocris
 W. mexicana prima = Lochmanolenellus mexicana
 W. occidens = Mummaspis occidens
 W. mirabilis = Elliptocephala mirabilis
 W. parvifrons = Elliptocephala parvifrons
 W. ruginosa = Elliptocephala  mediocris
 W. subglabra = Elliptocephala  mediocris
 W. troelseni = Elliptocephala  mediocris
 W. walcottanus = Mummaspis macer

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of North America
Paleozoic life of Newfoundland and Labrador
Olenelloidea
Cambrian genus extinctions


Drepanuroides is an extinct genus of trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago during the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Fossils of China
Redlichiida genera


Châu Đức is a rural district of Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 149,707. The district covers an area of 421 km². The district capital lies at Ngãi Giao.

There are some natural sights here such as Bàu Sen and the Xuân Sơn waterfall.

Administrative divisions
The district is subdivided to 16 commune-level subdivisions, including the township of Ngãi Giao and the rural communes of: Cù Bị, Kim Long, Xà Bang, Quảng Thành, Láng Lớn, Bàu Chinh, Bình Ba, Suối Nghệ, Bình Trung, Bình Giã, Xuân Sơn, Sơn Bình, Suối Rao, Đá Bạc and Nghĩa Thành.

References

Districts of Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province
Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province


Runcinodiscus Rushton (in Bassett et al. 1976, p. 636-7)  is a genus of Lower Cambrian Eodiscinid trilobite belonging to the family Weymouthiidae (Kobayashi 1943), Order Agnostida (Salter 1864).

Type Species
By Monotypy and original designation, Runcinodiscus index Rushton (in Bassett et al. 1976). Holotype is A 15360 in the collection of the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge.

Locality and age
The Type specimen (Cobbold, 1931) was collected from the Protolenus Limestone (Ac5) [Comley Series], 180m south of Comley Quarry, near Church Stretton, Shropshire, England -  according to Morris (1988, p.205).

Remarks
Fletcher & Theokritoff (2008)  designated Shaw’s (1950, pl. 79, fig. 24)  specimen of “ Weymouthia nobilis (Ford, 1872)”  as the holotype of a new species, Serrodiscus weymouthioides, and considered Runcinodiscus Rushton (in Bassett et al., 1976) [= ?Weymouthia nobilis (Ford, 1872)] to be a junior synonym of Serrodiscus; Rushton (1976) had previously regarded Weymouthia and Runcinodiscus as closely allied with Serrodiscus.  Weymouthia nobilis (Ford 1872), first described from the Taconic region of New York State, was also recorded by Cobbold (1931) from the Protolenus Limestone (Ac5) [Protolenid-Strenuellid Zone] at Comley, Shropshire, England, but Rushton (in Bassett et al., 1976, p. 637) showed that the English specimens are specifically distinct from W. nobilis as described by Ford (1872) and, with some reservation, erected new genus and species, Runcinodiscus index.

Runcinodiscus cf. index Rushton, described originally by Kiær (1917) as Weymouthia nobilis, was recovered from the Lower Cambrian Holmia Shale (Holmia Kjerulfi Assemblage-zone) at Tømten, close to Lake Mjøsa, Southeast Norway (Ahlberg, 1983, p. 289, fig. 1).

References

Weymouthiidae
Agnostida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Europe
Cambrian genus extinctions


Eriogonum wrightii is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names bastardsage and Wright's buckwheat. It is native to the Southwestern United States, California, and northwest Mexico, where it grows in many plant communities, such as chaparral, in rocky habitats from mountains to deserts.

Description
It is quite variable in appearance; it may be a small perennial herb 10 centimeters tall or a bushy shrub over a meter wide. There are several varieties as well. In general it has basal leaves as well as a few leaves along the stem, which are usually narrow and woolly. The inflorescence has long, straight branches which may be hairless to woolly and have flower clusters and sometimes small leaves at the nodes. The flowers are usually white to light pink.

Taxonomy

Varieties

 Eriogonum wrightii var. brevifolium Reveal (San Borja buckwheat) – An uncommon endemic from the Sierra de San Borja in Baja California to the Tres Vírgenes in Baja California Sur.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. dentatum (S. Stokes) Reveal (La Mision buckwheat) – A rare endemic occurring along the mesas and bluffs above the Pacific coast between La Mision and Ensenada, Baja California.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. linearifolium Reveal (Linear-leaf island buckwheat) – A rare endemic existing on Angel de la Guarda Island in the Gulf of California.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. membranaceum S. Stokes ex Jeps. (Foothill buckwheat, Ring-stem buckwheat) – In Mexico, this variety occurs in the upper foothills and mountains of the Sierra de Juarez and the Sierra de San Pedro Martir and disjunctly to the south in the Sierra La Asamblea. In the United States, it is found in California, occurring primarily in the Peninsular Ranges.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. nodosum (Small) Reveal (Knot-stem buckwheat, bastardsage) – A rare variety occurring in the more arid portions of the southwest. In Mexico, it occurs in Sonora, and the Baja California Peninsula, on the Sierra de Juarez and Sierra de San Pedro Martir south to the Sierra de San Borja in Baja California and on the Cerro Azufre in Baja California Sur. In the United States, it is found in Arizona and California.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. olanchense (J.T. Howell) Reveal
 Eriogonum wrightii var. oresbium Reveal (San Pedro Martir buckwheat) – An uncommon variety endemic to the Sierra de Juarez and the Sierra de San Pedro Martir in Baja California, Mexico. Differs from all other forms of the species with its broadly elliptic to nearly oval leaf blades.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. subscaposum S. Watson
 Eriogonum wrightii var. taxifolium (Greene) Parish (Yew-leaf buckwheat) – A rare variety endemic to Cedros Island, but also on the Punta Baja near El Rosario in Baja California.
 Eriogonum wrightii var. trachygonum (Torr. ex Benth.) Jeps.

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment - Eriogonum wrightii
Photo gallery

wrightii
Flora of Northwestern Mexico
Flora of California
Flora of the Southwestern United States
Flora of the California desert regions
Flora of the Chihuahuan Desert
Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of the California Coast Ranges
Natural history of the Colorado Desert
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
Natural history of the Santa Monica Mountains
Natural history of the Transverse Ranges
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Ghost orchid, is a common name for several orchids, and may refer to:

Dendrophylax lindenii, the American ghost orchid
Epipogium aphyllum, the Eurasian ghost orchid


Đất Đỏ is a rural district of Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003, the district had a population of 62,683. The district covers an area of 190 km². The district capital lies at Phước Hải.

This district is the home area of the prominent communist Võ Thị Sáu.

Administrative divisions
The district is divided administratively into 2 townships: Đất Đỏ, the capital, and Phước Hải. Đất Đỏ contains the following wards: Phước Long Thọ, Long Tân, Láng Dài, Lộc An, Phước Hội and Long Mỹ.

References

Districts of Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province
Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province


Howelluella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Trilobite genera


Long Điền is a rural district of Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003, the district had a population of 118,862. The district covers an area of 77 km². The district capital lies at Long Điền.

Administrative divisions
The district is divided administratively into 2 townships: Long Điền, the capital, and Long Hải, and 5 communes: An Ngãi, Tam Phước, An Nhất, Phước Hưng and Phước Tỉnh.

References

Districts of Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province
Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province


Ellipsuella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Trilobite genera


Korobovia Korovnikov, 2007, is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

Etymology
The genus has been named after the Russian paleontologist M. N. Korobov. The species epithet khorbosuonica refers to the Khorbosuonka River (a tributary of the Olenyok River), in the vicinity of which fossils of this species have been found.

References

 CEREGATO, A., RAFFI, S. & SCARPONI, D. (2006) The circa-littoral/bathyal paleocommunities in the Middle Pliocene of Northern Italy: The case of the  Korobkovia oblonga - Jupiteria concava  paleocommunity type. Geobios, 40: 555-572

Eodiscina
Cambrian trilobites
Fossils of Russia


Olgaspis is an extinct genus of trilobite arthropods. Species lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Serksioides is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Trilobite genera
Cambrian trilobites


Palaeolentus is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Trilobite genera


Kueichowia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Prehistoric animals of China
Redlichiida genera


Elliptocephala is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from the later part of the Tommotian (upper Schmidtiellus mickwitzi-zone) to the upper Botomian (early middle Olenellus-zone). Elliptocephala can easily be confused with Ellipsocephalus, a trilobite genus of the Ptychopariida order.

Etymology
The species E. walcotti was named in honor of Charles Doolittle Walcott, a renowned early paleontologist, that described many trilobite species.

Taxonomy

Relations within Elliptocephala
According to Lieberman E. sequomalus is an early species, close to the common ancestor of the genus. The rest of the species fall into two distinct groups. The first consists of the closely related E. bicensis and E. asaphoides, with E. walcotti and twin species E. praenuntius slightly less close and E. mediocris near the basis of this group. The second group consisting of the closely related E. mirabilis and E. lundgreni, with E. logani and E. parvifrons slightly further removed, followed by E. paraoculus, and E. laxocules near the basis of this second group.

Relationship within the Olenelloidea
Elliptocephala is the sistergroup of the clade comprising Wanneria walcottana, the Holmiidae, Fritzolenellus, Mummaspis, Laudonia, the Biceratopsinae and the Bristoliinae. Including Elliptocephala, this clade is the sistergroup of the Olenellidae.

Distribution
 E. asaphoides was collected in the Middle Olenellus-zone of eastern New York State (Greenwich Formation).
 E. bicensis is found in Quebec, Canada and believed to be from the Olenellus-zone (limestone boulder found in a conglomerate that has probably formed during the Lower Ordovician).
 E. laxocules occurs in the Middle Olenellus-zone of the Northwest Territories (type section of the type section of the Sekwi Formation, 0.2 miles Southeast of June Lake, Mackenzie Mountains).
 E. logani was excavated from the Middle Olenellus-zone of the Northwest Territories (type section of the type section of the Sekwi Formation, 0.2 miles Southeast of June Lake, Mackenzie Mountains, and the Illtyd Formation, Wernecke Mountains).
 E. lundgreni  is present in
 E. mediocris was collected in Northwestern Greenland, questionably from the Olenellus-zone (Wulff River Formation, Marshall Bugt, Inglefield Land).
 E. mirabilis is found in Northwestern Greenland, questionably from the Olenellus-zone (Wulff River Formation, Marshall Bugt, Inglefield Land).
 E. paraoculus is present in the Middle Olenellus-zone of the Northwest Territories (type section of the type section of the Sekwi Formation, 0.2 miles Southeast of June Lake, Mackenzie Mountains).
 E. parvifrons was excavated from the Middle Olenellus-zone of the Northwest Territories (type section of the type section of the Sekwi Formation, 0.2 miles Southeast of June Lake, Mackenzie Mountains, and the Illtyd Formation, Wernecke Mountains).
 E. praenuntius occurs on the eastern Ellesmere Island, Canada, in what possibly belongs to the Lower Olenellus-zone (430 feet above the basis of the Kane Formation, 6 miles Northwest of the head of Scoresby Bay).
 E. sequomalus is found in the Middle Olenellus-zone of the Northwest Territories (type section of the type section of the Sekwi Formation, 0.2 miles Southeast of June Lake, Mackenzie Mountains).
 E. walcotti was collected in the Middle Olenellus-zone of the Northwest Territories (type section of the type section of the Sekwi Formation.

Description
As with most early trilobites, Elliptocephala has an almost flat exoskeleton, that is only thinly calcified, and has crescent-shaped eye ridges. As part of the Olenellina suborder, Elliptocephala lacks dorsal sutures. Like all other members of the Olenelloidea superfamily, the eye-ridges spring from the back of the frontal lobe (L4) of the central area of the cephalon, that is called glabella. The head shield (or cephalon) of Ellipticephala carries backwards directed spines at the corner between the halfcircle shaped frontal and side margin and the backmargin that is roughly perpendicular to the midline. The frontal lobe of the glabella (L4) is roughly 1½× the length of the backward ring-shaped lobe (also called occipital ring or L0) and the most backward set of side lobes (L1) taken together, measured along the midline (or sagittally). L4 is also much wider than L0. Side lobes L2 and L3 do not merge with each other. The line between the backward tip of eye lobe and the junction of the back margin of lobe with glabella with the midline is 10-20°. L3 touches the eye ridge. L0 carries a node at the midline. The third thorax segment from the front (T3) is not larger than the neighboring segments and does not carry larger spines. Thoracic pleural furrows extend onto spines. Long backward directed spine on the midline of T15, and this spine is broad at its base.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Extinct animals of North America
Olenelloidea


Rape of Malaya may refer to:

Battle of Malaya
Japanese occupation of Malaya
The US title of the 1956 film version of A Town Like Alice


Meitanella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 million to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiida genera


Parayinites is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Phú Mỹ is a district-level town of Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province in southeast Vietnam.  the town had a population of 175,872. The town covers an area of 333.84 km².

Phú Mỹ was formerly Tân Thành District, a rural district of Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province, with its district capital lying at Phú Mỹ township. In 2018, Tân Thành District was dissolved to form the new district-level town of Phú Mỹ.

The town seat lies at Phú Mỹ ward (former Phú Mỹ township). Phú Mỹ is a highly industrialized town with several industrial parks. It is the site of CS Wind's largest Vietnam wind tower factory.

Phú Mỹ is home to deep water ports replacing Saigon Port when the latter relocated here. Phú Mỹ Power Plant Complex with a total capacity of 4,000 MW contributes nearly 35% of Vietnam's electricity.

Port of Phú Mỹ
The Port of Phú Mỹ (pronounced foo-me) serves as the main deep water cargo port for Ho Chi Minh City, as well as for the resort town of Vũng Tàu. The port is 65 km from Ho Chi Minh City and 45 km from Vũng Tàu city.

Administrative divisions
The town is divided administratively into five wards and five communes:

 Châu Pha
 Hắc Dịch
 Mỹ Xuân
 Phú Mỹ
 Phước Hoà
 Sông Xoài
 Tân Hải
 Tân Hòa
 Tân Phước
 Tóc Tiên

References

Districts of Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province
Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province
County-level towns in Vietnam


Xuyên Mộc is a rural district of Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003, the district had a population of 132,117. The district covers an area of 642 km².

Overview
This city is home to primitive forest in which there exists a significant elephant population. Xuyên Mộc is noted for its hot spring in Bình Châu - Phước Bửu natural reserve which is available to tourists. Xuyên Mộc is located by the South China Sea and is known for its white sand, beaches and seafood.

Beaches in the area include Hồ Tràm Beach, which is starting to see numerous new high end developments come up, including The Grand Hồ Tràm Strip (formerly known as MGM Hồ Tràm Casino & Resort), Melia Ho Tram Beach Resort and several additional private developments along the main Hồ Tràm Beach. Hồ Cốc beach is also nearby is a common weekend destination for Ho Chi Minh City residents.

Administrative divisions
The district is divided into one township, the capital of Phước Bửu, and 12 communes: Phước Thuận, Phước Tân, Xuyên Mộc, Bông Trang, Bàu Lâm, Hòa Bình, Hòa Hưng, Hòa Hiệp, Hòa Hội, Bưng Riềng, Tân Lâm and Bình Châu.

References

Districts of Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province
Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu province


is a railway station in the town of Tatsuno Town, Kamiina District, Nagano Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Lines
Shinano-Kawashima Station is served by the old route of Chūō Main Line  (Okaya-Shiojiri branch)  and is 13.8 kilometers from the branching point of the line at Okaya Station and 224.2 kilometers from the terminus at Tokyo Station.

Station layout
The station consists of one ground-level side platform serving a single bi-directional track. The station does not have  station building, but only a shelter on the platform. The station is unattended.

History
Shinano-Kawashima Station opened on 1 April 1955.  With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2011, the station was used by an average of 19 passengers daily (boarding passengers only) and was the least utilized of any station on the Chūō Main Line.

Surrounding area

See also
 List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links

 JR East station information

Railway stations in Nagano Prefecture
Chūō Main Line
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1955
Stations of East Japan Railway Company
Tatsuno, Nagano


Gentilapsis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Trilobite genera


Megapalaeolenus is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. They lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Palaeolenidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Parapaokannia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichiida genera
Redlichioidea
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia

Cambrian genus extinctions


Qiaotingaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites


Tuyunaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Trilobite genera


Syndianella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Sichuanolenus is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Estaingiidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Shatania is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichiida genera
Redlichioidea
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Eodontopleura is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Prehistoric animals of China


Feilongshania is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period. Its name means "[animal] of/from Flying Dragon Mountain".

References

Oryctocephalidae
Cambrian trilobites
Fossils of China
Corynexochida genera


Fremontella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the part of the Toyonian stage. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period. Fremontella shares with the other genera of the Bristoliinae subfamily, Lochmanolenellus and Bristolia conspicuous and long curved spines (called genal spines) on the headshield (or cephalon). These reach back equal to 4-5 thorax segments (measured parallel to the midline). The furrows that separate border, eye ridges, glabella and its lobes are distinct (unlike in the Biceratopsinae). The area outside of the axis (or pleural lobes) of the third segment of the thorax is enlarged, and carries large trailing spine on each side.

Distribution
Fremontella halli has been collected in the Upper Olenellus-zone of Alabama, USA (Rome Formation, North-East of Helena).

References

Cambrian trilobites
Fossils of the United States
Redlichiida genera
Biceratopsidae


Litaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Corynexochida genera
Edelsteinaspididae


The Fo Guang Shan Temple of Auckland is a temple and community centre of the Fo Guang Shan Chinese Buddhist movement in the East Tāmaki/Flat Bush suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. The temple and complex were built over seven years. It was designed in the architectural style of the Tang dynasty. The temple also includes a large Buddha statue and a two-tonne bell.

Opened in late 2007, the mission of the new temple is to promote Humanistic Buddhism. But it is also intended to benefit (and is open to) non-Buddhists, "through education and teaching people how to lead good lives." Even before its official opening, the temple had provided community courses such as Chinese calligraphy, Chinese language, yoga and martial arts, as well as providing a venue for crime prevention talks and meetings.

Facilities
The temple grounds are open six days a week (closed Monday) and are open on most public holidays. Hours are normally 9 am until 5 pm but some parts of the temple (notably the exhibition hall and the external shrine) may open later and close earlier. During festivals, the temple may be open later in the evening and occasionally will be open past midnight such as on the Lunar New Year.

Main Buddha hall
The main Buddha hall contains a single large Chinese-style statue of the Buddha Gautama in Calling the Earth to Witness pose. On the walls are thousands of bas-relief Buddha images.

Exhibition hall/Art gallery
Adjacent to the Buddha Hall is an exhibition hall. Exhibits are often, though not always, works of art about Buddhism, such as paintings, calligraphy and woven art. Several exhibits are shown throughout the year with each exhibit lasting for a few months but sometimes there are special exhibitions of a shorter duration. Occasionally, there will be activities for children, such as calligraphy writing during a calligraphy exhibition.

Exhibitions by local artists are also held, such as the late 2019 - early 2020 exhibition by Dean Buchanan inspired by bicycling through the Waitākere Ranges.

The exhibition hall is open slightly shorter hours than the rest of the temple grounds. (As of 2022, the hall is open from 10 am to 2 pm, while the rest of temple is open from 9 am to 3 pm.) Entry is free.

Other areas
The entrance hall contains a statue of Avalokitesvara. A desk to the left is manned by a volunteer member of Buddha's Light International Association (BLIA) and/or a resident nun to assist visitors and worshippers.

Outside and to the left of the main temple structure and below ground is a shrine to Ksitigarbha. This shrine shuts earlier than the rest of the temple.

The central area of the courtyard is divided into large flagstones separated by a grid of several inch high plants which lends itself to a slow walking meditation practice. (There is clear space to either side as well as level pathways for those with mobility concerns.)

To one side of the central courtyard is a series of short raised wood paths amongst cherry and other trees that lends itself to fast-walking meditation practice.

Other rooms off the central courtyard are often used for various services and activities such as language and calligraphy, sutra-chanting, and study groups.

A substantial area of the property is given over to car-parking. During larger festivals (notably Chinese New Year) portions of the front grounds will be covered with various food and activity stalls.

Water Drop Teahouse
On site is a tea house providing vegetarian food and a variety of teas or tizanes.

Gift shop
Sharing the same room as the tea house is a small gift shop providing a number of works of literature about Buddhism, particularly the writings of Hsing Yun (Fo Guang Shan's founder), a variety of religious objects (such as statues, mala, icons) and similar.

See also
 IBPS Manila
 Zu Lai Temple
 Nan Hua Temple
 Hsi Lai Temple
 Chung Tian Temple
 Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum

References

External links
Fo Guang Shan New Zealand (North Island) (official website)

Asian-New Zealand culture in Auckland
Chinese-New Zealand culture
Religious buildings and structures in Auckland
Buddhism in New Zealand
Fo Guang Shan temples
2000s architecture in New Zealand
East Auckland


Lusatiops is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Ellipsocephalidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Europe


Maopingaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Mayiella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiida genera


Palaeolenus is an extinct genus of ptychopariid trilobites of the family Palaeolenidae. Species lived during the later part of the Botomian stage of the Cambrian Period, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period

References

Palaeolenidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Fossils of China


Paokannia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiida genera


Paramalungia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Redlichiida genera


Pseudichangia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Estaingiidae
Ptychopariida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Dacryodes excelsa is a tree native to Puerto Rico with a habitat that extends into the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean region.  Its English vernacular names include gommier and candlewood. Its Spanish common name is tabonuco. According to Richards, "it is the most conspicuous large emergent tree" in the Luquillo mountains of Puerto Rico. It is also found in Toro Negro State Forest, in Puerto Rico Cordillera Central. Dacryodes excelsa grows to around , and grows best in soil with a PH of 4.5–5.5.

References

excelsa
Trees of the Caribbean
Flora of Puerto Rico
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


The Taennchel is one of the summits of the Vosges Mountains, rising to .  The Taennchel rises at the East of France, in the département of Haut-Rhin (region Alsace), halfway between Strasbourg to the North and Mulhouse to the South, around  from both cities.

The general area around the crest, which is 6 km long, is enigmatic.  The ground is strewn with rocks and various inscriptions, many of them undeciphered and remaining mysterious.  Another curiosity is the "pagan wall" which covers its sides and whose origin is unknown.

The summit shelters numerous vegetable and animal species, including the lynx, which was reintroduced to the area during the 20th century.

Geography

Location

The peak of the mountain, situated opposite to the Haut-Koenigsbourg, in the massif des Vosges, separates the valley of Ribeauvillé from the val de Lièpvre on a surface of about 800 hectares. On the north-east of the Taennchel hides the village of Thannenkirch, and south from the mountain can be reached the old glass arts of the Ribeaupierre which overhang the rocky blocks of the Mittelberg (about 600 metres), the Venuskopf and the Schelmenkopf (905 m). The Taennchel is one of the summits which, from west to east, make up the continental divide between the basin of the Liepvrette up north and the one of the Strengbach down south. It's a huge mountain, its sides are widely open and strongly backed up on the side of the valley of the Liepvrette, while on the opposite side towards Ribeauvillé, it hollows out vertically in a grandiose cirque around the small twin valleys of the Big and Little Glass Art. The Taennchel has the shape of a crescent extending on almost 4 kilometers from the rock of the Rammelstein which is 988 meters high to the mountain which overhangs the low Taennchel from where can be seen the three ruined castles belonging to the sires of Ribeaupierre : Haut-Ribeaupierre, Saint-Ulrich and Girsberg.

North-West can be reached the forest area of the Hury (named in old documents Jefurthe) which belong to Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines. The forests of the Hury, Hinterwald and Kaelblin were part of the goods of the priory of Lièpvre until the high Middle Age as shown by the Charlemagne charter signed in 774. Then the Hinterwald and the Kaelblin were taken up by the Alsatian neighbours following the change of those villages landlords, hence frequent frictions between the monks of Saint-Denis' abbey and the Alsatian towns. Those disputes poisoned relations between Alsace and Saint-Denis' abbey and also the Duchy of Lorraine until 1718.

Aside the North-East point rises the Rock of Crows which dominates an abrupt side and lets appear rocks with strange and impressive bends. A bit farther stands the Rock-shelter with the shape of a cave. The Pointed Rock (or Sharp Rock) looks like a seated boar. Bad weather, winds and storms gnawed at its outward side, letting visible quartzite stones of several colours. Not far from this place stand cracked rocks, made of huge units and a bit farther can be seen the beginning of the pagan wall.

According to tradition this place was dedicated to hunting, and the Lords of Ribeaupierre shut away and fed there stags and does. However this place was not intended for such a use, for the reason that its wall isn't closed and could never have been built for that use.

Hydrology
There are three sources south of the massif that supply with water the Ilbach and the Beam of the Petite Verrerie and an eastern source from which waters all flow into the Strengbach upstream from Ribeauvillé.

At North, the number of harnessed sources is the most important and they supply with water the Liepvrette.

Geology
The Taennchel stands on a basis of gneiss from Precambrian, its base is made of granite from the upper Carboniferous (about 300 million years) and is covered with a strong sheet of sandstone from the Triassic (about 200 million years) which wraps in horizontal layers the summits and the sides of the mountain.

Etymology
Some say that the "Thannen" fir would have given its name to the massif of Taennchel ; other say it would come from Tan or Taen which means oak bark.

According to Robert Forrer, a famous archaeologist who studied the Mont Sainte-Odile between 1898 and 1899 and published several books or articles devoted to medieval time, "Taennchel" would come from the Gallic word dunon or dunom which meansfortified wall.

The name "Taennchel" was first quoted in an archive document from 1357. Its name appears then under various spellings : Taennchel in 1441, Thennichel in 1473, Dannchel in 1538, Tenchel in 1416, Thaennchel, Tannchel, Dannichel, Taennchel, Tännel in 1871 and Taennchel starting to 1918.

The famous rocks

See also

Bibliography
 Armand Hampé, Du haut des sommets vosgiens, guide panoramique et géologique, Éditions Coprur, Strasbourg, 2001
 Guy Trendel, Le Taennchel, la montagne aux mystères, Éditions Coprur, 1994
 L.G Werner, Contribution à l'étude du Taennchel, Bulletin de la Société Industrielle de Mulhouse, 1927
 Fritz Kessler, Les murs dits païens de l'Alsace, Bulletin de la Société Industrielle de Mulhouse, 1913
 Adolphe Landspurg : Hauts-lieux d'énergie, Alsace - Vosges - Forêt-Noire, Éditions du Rhin, Strasbourg, 2000
 André Philippe Grandidier, Histoire ecclésiastique, militaire, civile et littéraire de la province Alsace, Argentorati, Lrenzii et Schulerii (Tome I) et Levrault (Tome II), 1787
 Christophe Carmona, Bernard Riebel, Marc Schultz,  Haut-Koenigsbourg, Frankenbourg, Taennchel, triangle tellurique, I.D L'Édition, Rosheim, 2005,
 Les 120 ans du Club vosgien, numéro spécial, 67 pages, N° 7, décembre 1992 (Cercle de Recherches Historiques de Ribeauvillé et environs)
 Félix Voulot, A.B.C. d'une Science nouvelle : Les Vosges avant l'histoire,  Veuve Bader et Cie, Mulhouse, 1872
 Les bornes armoriées du ban de Ribeauvillé - Pierres remarquables et histoires insolites, Revue historique de Ribeauvillé et environs - Bulletin N°15 - Décembre 2006 -
  Henri Kugler, Bann-un andere Grenzsteine in Ribeauvillé, Bulletin N°20, Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Ribeauvillé, année 1957.
 Jean-Paul Patris, La vallée de Sainte Marie-aux-Mines : l'étrange et le merveilleux - Éditions Oberlin, Strasbourg, 1990

Press review
 Claude Jouve : Note du Naturel Elsass, octobre 1991, Éd. Alsacienne du Guide, Bulletin 143, Sélestat
 André Lemblé : À la découverte du Massif du Tennchel - Les Vosges, organe du Club vosgien n°3, 1999, p. 8-9
 L'Alsace du 30 - Taennchel : les archéologues enthousiastes (Édition de la Moyenne Alsace)
 L'Alsace du 3 - Archéologies allemands et autrichiens au Taennchel
 L'Alsace du 19 - Les mystères du Taennchel (article signé Lucien Naegelen)
 L'Alsace du 15 - Taennchel : messieurs les archéologues ...
 L'Alsace du 9 - Nature : un lynx dans le viseur et sur la crête de la vallée (article signé Georges Jung)
  Lucien Naegelen, W. Knaus : Magazine 2000plus, N°199 - Der Zauber von Tennchel, p. 72-74
  J.P. Dillenseger : Der Taennchel die Unberkannnte Stätte der Götter - Freudeskreis Geomantie, janvier 2000
 Charles Albert Spindler : Le Taennchel sauvage, p. 5-8, Les Vosges N°4, 1996, organe du Club vosgien
 Jean Daniel Kientz : Magique Taennchel - Saisons d'Alsace N°32, septembre 2006

Notes and references

Mountains of Haut-Rhin
Mountains under 1000 metres
Mountains of the Vosges


Pseudoredlichia is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia
Redlichiidae
Redlichiida genera


Qiaodiella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the later part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

References

Redlichioidea
Redlichiida genera
Cambrian trilobites
Cambrian trilobites of Asia


Heavier Than Heaven, Lonelier Than God is the second full-length album by Philadelphia hardcore band Blacklisted, released through Deathwish Inc. on April 1, 2008, in both CD and vinyl format.

Track listing

Personnel
Kurt Ballou – engineer
Alan Douches – mastering
Alex Garcia Rivera – drum technician

2008 albums
Blacklisted (band) albums
Deathwish Inc. albums
Albums with cover art by Jacob Bannon


The Corpus Catholicorum (Corp. Cath., CCath., CC) is a collection of sixteenth-century writings by the leading proponents and defenders of the Roman Catholic Church against the teachings of the Protestant reformers.

The full title of the series is: Corpus Catholicorum: Werke katholischer Schriftsteller im Zeitalter der Glaubensspaltung i.e. Body of Catholic [writings]: Works of Catholic authors in the Time of the Splitting of the Faith.

The series, intended as a counterpart to the Corpus Reformatorum, was conceived by Professor Joseph Greving  (1868–1919) of the University of Bonn in 1915, and was announced that same year in the Theologische Revue as a "Plan für ein Corpus Catholicorum" or "Plan for a Corpus Catholicorum"

List of volumes in the Corpus Catholicorum
Vol. 1, Dr. Joseph Greving, S.J., ed., Münster in Westfalen, 1919, Verlag der Aschendorffeschen Verlagsbuchhandlung - HathiTrust.
Johann Eck. Defensio contra amarulentas d. Andreae Bodenstein,
Vol. 2, Johannes Metzler, S.J. ed., Münster in Westfalen, 1921 - HathiTrust.
Johannes Eck, Epistola de Ratione Studiorum Suorum (1538)
Erasmus Wolph, De Orbitu Ioan. Eckii Adversus Calumniam Viti Theodorici (1543)
Vol. 3. Joseph Schweizer, ed., Munster in Westfalen, 1920.
Johann Cochlaeus. Adversus cucullatum minotaurum wittenbergensem: De sacramentorum gratia iterum, (1523),
Vol. 4, Dr. Franz Xaver Thurnhofer, ed., Munster in Westfalen, 1921 -  HathiTrust.
 Jerome Emser (Hieronymus Emser), De disputatione Lipsicensi, quantum ad Boemos obiter deflexa est, (1519)
A Venatione Luteriana Aegocerotis Assertio, (1519)
Vol. 5, Dr. Ulrich Schmidt O. F. M, ed., Münster in Westfalen, Aschendorff, 1922 - HathiTrust.
Kaspar Schatzgeyer, O.F.M., Scrutinium Divinae Scripturae pro conciliatione dissidentium dogmatum (1522).
Vol. 34. Pierre Fraenkel, ed., Münster in Westfalen, Aschendorff, 1979.
Johann Eck. Enchiridion locorum communium adversus Lutherum et alios hostes ecclesiae; mit den Zusätzen von Tilmann Smeling. [Enchiridion (i.e., handbook or manual) of Commonplaces against Luther and other Enemies of the Church: with the additions by Tilmann Smeling]
Vol. 43. Pierre Fraenkel, Münster, Aschendorff, 1992,  .
Henry VIII. Assertio septem sacramentorum adversus Martinum Lutherum, Henry VIII, King of England.
Vols. 45-48: Mary Ward und ihre Gründung: Die Quellentexte bis 1645 (Mary Ward and Her Foundation. The Source Texts to 1645), 4 vols, 2007, Sr. Ursula Dirmeier, CJ, ed., Münster 2007.
Vol. 45 (Band 1),
Vol. 46 (Band 2),
Vol. 47 (Band 3),
Vol. 48 (Band 4)

Notes

Books
Joseph Greving, Plan für ein Corpus Catholicorum (Sonderabdruck aus der Theologischen Revue, Jahrgang. 14, i.e. printed separately from the Theological Review, vol. 14, Nr. 17/18), Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, [1916], Münster in Westphalen
Joseph Greving, Johann Eck als junger Gelehrter. Eine literar- und dogmengeschichtliche Untersuchung über seinen Chrysopassus praedestinationis aus dem Jahre 1514,Aschendorff, [1906], Münster in Westphalen.

Counter-Reformation
Series of books
16th-century Christian texts


Hiệp Hòa is one of nine rural districts of Bắc Giang province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2019 the district had a population of 237,900. The district covers an area of 201 km2. The district capital lies at Thắng.   This is the home country of Trạng nguyên Đoàn Xuân Lôi of the Trần dynasty, Tiến sĩ Trịnh Ngô Dụng of the Lê dynasty, and Đình nguyên Nguyễn Đình Tuân of the Nguyễn dynasty.

Geography
Hiệp Hòa District borders to the north with Tân Yên district, to the south with Yên Phong district, to the east with Việt Yên district, and to the west with Thái Nguyên province and Sóc Sơn district of Hanoi.

 The total natural land area of the district is 20,110 hectares
 Agricultural land is 13,479 hectares or 67%
 Forest land occupies 190.3 ha or 0.9%
 Unused land occupies 1,653.2 ha or 8.2%

Land type varies and is suitable for different types of agriculture; the district also supports industry.

Administrative divisions
The district is divided into one township (thị trấn) Thắng, and 25 communes (xã): Bắc Lý,  Châu Minh, Đại Thành, Danh Thắng, Đoan Bái, Đông Lỗ, Đồng Tân, Đức Thắng, Hòa Sơn, Hoàng An, Hoàng Lương, Hoàng Thanh, Hoàng Vân, Hợp Thịnh, Hùng Sơn, Hương Lâm, Lương Phong, Mai Đình, Mai Trung, Ngọc Sơn, Quang Minh, Thái Sơn, Thanh Vân, Thường Thắng, and Xuân Cẩm.

Topography
Hiệp Hòa is topographically uneven, with hills and low mountains in some communes in the north, the Red River Delta in the east and generally sloped from the northwest to the southeast.

Climate
The weather is influenced by the tropical monsoon, with the average temperature being 23-24 degrees Celsius, and the average annual rainfall is 1,500 mm.

Natural resources

Forest
The district has a lack of natural forest; forest plantings have been accomplished in seven communes, totalling 167 hectares.

Sand and gravel
The district has resources of construction industry-quality sand and gravel.

Water
Hiệp Hòa's water supply for agricultural use is plentiful, drawn from ponds and the Cầu River system.

Infrastructure

Electricity
By 2003 the national electricity grid has covered 26 of 26 towns and reached 100% of villages. The district now has 124 transformers with capacity of 16,525 kVA.

Water
Residents mainly use water from well], as well as natural river water and rainwater.  The district has 34,788 wells. 2,600 households are using natural river water. Overall about 70% of the population have water in the toilets. Currently, the water project in Quảng Minh is in the process of funding and construction.

Transportation
District Highway 37 runs 14 km in-district; 3 provincial highways - Road 295, Road 296 and Road 367 - have a total length of 39.6 km.  Roads linking communes total 103.2 km and roads linking villages and hamlets total nearly 600 km. Highways and provincial roads are 100% paved.

Communication
Each commune has a post office in the commune cultural center. Many households and every village have a telephone. Daily newspapers and magazines enjoy good circulation.

Manpower
The 2006 district population was more than 300,000 people; people of labor age total 133,650 people or 44.8% of the population. The proportion of agricultural workers, though still large, has been reduced as industrialization and the development of industrial parks continues apace.

References

Districts of Bắc Giang province


The Yokohama Silk Museum is a museum located in Naka-ku, Yokohama, Japan that covers the silk trade in Japan. The museum displays silk kimono and covers the importance of Yokohama as a silk port.

The objective of the museum is, according to their website:

To disseminate an understanding of the science and technology of silk production, display beautiful costumes for people to admire and promote the demand for silk.

References

External links

Silk Museum

Museums in Yokohama
Naka-ku, Yokohama
Textile museums in Japan
Silk


Stephen Yagman (born December 19, 1944) is an American federal civil rights lawyer, and general advocate. He has a reputation of being an advocate in cases regarding allegations of police brutality. He has argued hundreds of federal civil rights cases before a jury, and has been involved in over a hundred federal appeals.

Youth, education and early career
Stephen Yagman was born in 1944 in Brooklyn, New York to working-class parents. His father was a dental technician and his mother was a secretary. Yagman attended Abraham Lincoln High School. After attending the State University of New York at Buffalo, he then graduated from Long Island University in Brooklyn.

Yagman received a B.A. in American History, with co-majors in philosophy and political science. He later earned an M.A. in philosophy from New York University, where his mentor was Professor Sidney Hook, and his master's dissertation was on the Fifth Amendment's self-incrimination clause. He attended Fordham University School of Law, receiving a J.D. in 1974, where he was on the dean's list and received the Jurisprudence Award of the Guild of Catholic Lawyers. During graduate school and law school, he taught (English, remedial reading, social studies, economics, and Spanish) in the New York City public school system in Harlem and Bedford Stuyvesant, in Title I schools, from 1967-74. From 1967 until their divorce in 1994, he was married to Marion R. Yagman, with whom he practiced law for many years after their divorce.

Legal career
Yagman's legal career began before he graduated, as an attorney-intern with the New York City Legal Aid Society. Yagman was mentored by former N.Y. City Legal Aid Society director Martin Erdmann, attorney Charles Garry, house counsel to the Black Panther Party, and former U.S. Attorney General, Ramsey Clark. After graduating law school, he was appointed by New York State Attorney General Louis J. Lefkowitz to the office of the New York State Attorney General as a Special Assistant Attorney General, assigned as an Assistant Special Prosecutor for Nursing Homes, in the Manhattan office of the Special State Prosecutor for Nursing Homes.

In 1986, Yagman successfully challenged a proposed nationwide suspension of federal jury trials due to budget shortfalls, in Armster v. U.S. Dist. Ct., 792 F.2d 1423 (9th Cir. 1986). In a unanimous opinion in a related proceeding, Armster v. U.S. Dist. Ct, 817 F.2d 480 (9th Cir. 1987), Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt said, "Yagman's vigilance in the protection of his clients' constitutional rights served all citizens. His fortitude and tenacity in the service of his civil rights clients exemplifies the highest traditions of the bar." In January 2002, Yagman brought the first case seeking habeas corpus relief for Guantanamo Bay detainees, Coalition of Clergy, Lawyers & Professors v. George Walker Bush & Donald Rumsfeld, 310 F.3d 1153 (9th Cir. 2002). In December 2003, he won the first case in which it was declared that Guantanamo detainees were entitled to seek habeas corpus relief in United States courts.

On November 12, 1997, Yagman was sworn in by U.S. District Judge Robert M. Takasugi as Special Prosecutor for the State of Idaho to prosecute FBI sniper Lon T. Horiuchi in the August 22, 1992 Ruby Ridge killing of Vicki Weaver. In 2001, Yagman won a decision from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit declaring that federal law enforcement agents did not enjoy sovereign immunity and could be prosecuted criminally for state law homicide. Idaho v. Horiuchi, 253 F.3d 359 (9th Cir. 2001) (en banc). In January 2002, Yagman brought the first case seeking habeas corpus relief for Guantanamo Bay detainees, and in December 2003, won the first case in which it was declared that Guantanamo detainees were entitled to seek habeas corpus relief in United States courts. Gherebi v. Bush & Rumsfeld, 374 F.3d 727 (9th Cir. 2004).

In County of Los Angeles v. U.S. Dist. Ct. (Forsyth v. Block), 223 F.3d 990 (9th Cir. 2000), federal Ninth Circuit Chief Judge Alex Kozinski noted that Yagman: "has a formidable reputation as a plaintiff's advocate in police misconduct cases; defendants in such cases may find it advantageous to remove  him as an opponent." Some of his most notorious cases involved the Los Angeles Police Department and the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department .

Yagman lodged complaints of judicial misconduct against U.S. District Judge Manuel Lawrence Real which, according to one commentator, "were at the center of the controversy over the effectiveness of the federal judicial disciplinary system and exerted a uniquely powerful influence on subsequent attempts at reform." The United States Judicial Conference cited the Yagman disciplinary case in adopting its 2008 nationwide procedures for handling complaints of misconduct against federal judges. In his 2011 book, Lawyers on Trial, UCLA School of Law Professor of Law Emeritus Richard L. Abel rated Yagman as a "highly competent, dedicated lawyer who is a champion of unpopular causes".

Yagman has tried over 200 federal civil rights actions to jury verdict and has argued over 150 federal appeals and certiorari petitions to the United States Supreme Court.

Criminal conviction
Yagman was convicted of one count of tax evasion, one count of bankruptcy fraud, and 17 counts of money laundering on August 23, 2007.  Yagman was convicted of "attempting to avoid payment of more than $100,000 in federal taxes", and he was sentenced to three years in federal prison.  Yagman also failed to pay "significant amounts of federal payroll taxes" by his then-law firm, Yagman & Yagman, P.C.  Although Yagman claimed he was singled out as retaliation, an appeals court upheld his conviction.  Yagman was summarily disbarred from the State Bar of California on December 22, 2010.

Yagman served 29 months in federal prison and then worked as a paralegal and UCLA lecturer for 11 years before, at age 76, passing the California bar exam again and winning decisions from both the California State Bar Court and the California Supreme Court (unanimous) that reinstated his license to practice law, in 2021. He also was reinstated to the Bar of the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California by its chief judge, in 2021. He currently practices federal civil rights law and prosecutes cases for homeless clients, as well as for victims of police brutality, jail and prison abuses, and racial profiling.

Yagman, now 79, has resumed taking cases against the government. As class counsel, Yagman represents all of the homeless people in the City of Los Angeles, the County of Los Angeles, the City of Santa Barbara, and the County of Santa Barbara, in five, different, putative class actions.

UCLA
In 2007, after Yagman's tax evasion conviction, he was invited to co-teach and taught a course at UCLA Law School on law, morality, and social justice with professor Frances Olsen.

Writings
Yagman has written two national legal practice books, Section 1983 Federal Jury Practice and Instructions (West Publishing, 1998, ), and Police Misconduct and Civil Rights, Federal Jury Practice and Instructions (Thomson Reuters West, 2002, ), a play, Guantanamo, Act IV (Beyond Baroque, 2004), and hundreds of newspaper columns.

Sources
 Los Angeles Reader, “L.A.P.D. Death Squad”, April 10, 1992, cover
 Los Angeles New Times, “Cop Cruncher”, October 2, 1997, cover
 Los Angeles Times Magazine, “One Angry Man”, June 28, 1998, cover
 California LawBusiness, “Sympathy for the Devil”, November 6, 2000, cover
 Jerome Herbert Skolnick and James J. Fyfe, Above the Law, Police and the Excessive Use of Force (Free Press, 1993), pp. 17–18, 146-64, 203.

References

Long Island University alumni
Fordham University alumni
American civil rights lawyers
Disbarred California lawyers
Living people
1944 births
Activists from New York (state)
American people convicted of tax crimes
Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn) alumni
Lawyers from Brooklyn


Carita Parahyangan (, official Sundanese script: ) is a text contained in a single manuscript written around the late 16th century, registered as Kropak 406 from the former collection of the Bataviaasch Genootschap voor Kunsten en Wetenschappen (Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences), now in the Perpustakaan National (National Library) in Jakarta. It was identified as early as 1882 by Holle as the "Carita Parahyangan", the name derived from Parahyangan highlands in West Java, originated from Sundanese words which means "the abode of hyangs (gods)". Since that time the manuscript has received much scholarly attention.

The Carita Parahyangan tells the history of Sunda Kingdom, from the early Galuh period in the early 8th century, during the era of Wretikandayun and King Sanjaya, until the fall of Pakuan Pajajaran in the 16th century, the capital of Sunda kingdom under invasion by the Banten Sultanate assisted by the Cirebon and Demak Sultanates.

The manuscript consists of 47 leaves of lontar palm leaf manuscript measuring ; each leaf contains four lines, written in Old Sundanese script in Old Sundanese language.

Content and translations
This manuscript consists of two parts. The larger part, the Carita Parahyangan proper, is a text on Sundanese kings and kingdoms from the pre-Islamic period. After earlier publication by Holle (1882a) and Pleyte (1914a) it was Poerbatjaraka /91919-21) who gave a complete transliteration of the manuscript. In 1962 Noorduyn (1962a, 1962b) devoted two important papers to the texts; in the first he managed to restore the order of the folio of the manuscript which was in disarray; in the second he gave an annotated transliteration and translation of the first part of the text. In a third paper Noorduyn (1966) published a number of additions and corrections to the earlier text edition, which were based on a careful rereading of the original manuscript.

Based on Noorduyn's restoration of the order of the leaves in the major part of the manuscript, a new transliteration, with a translation in Indonesian and notes, was published by Atja and Danasasmita (1981c). In 1995 Darsa and Ekadjati presented a new edition and translation of the manuscript. In this work the other part of the manuscript, called by the editors Fragmen Carita Parahyangan, was published for the first time. This is a text found on 13 leaves (lempir) or 25 “pages”; graphically the two texts are different insofar as the Fragmen has an irregular number of lines (3-6) per page, unlike the Carita Parahyangan proper which consistently has four lines writing per page. Moreover, there are minor scriptural differences between the two parts of the manuscript. The Fragmen contains “three main stories of rulers of Sunda kingdom with capital city of Pakuan Pajajaran”. Its second, larger part is quite interesting from the viewpoint of social and economic history (Darsa and Ekadjati 1995:6). In a more recent paper Darsa (1999) has discussed in more detail the relation between the two texts in Kropak 406; it is clear that at an early stage the two texts must have been brought together in a single manuscript.

References

External links
 Carita Parahyangan Text from docs.google.com

See also

 Sunda Kingdom
 Sunda Wiwitan

Indonesian manuscripts
Sundanese language


Nicholas Naumenko (born July 7, 1974) is an American former professional ice hockey defenseman. He most notably played in the International Hockey League (IHL) and American Hockey League (AHL) before finishing his career with Europe in the Swiss National League A (NLA).

Playing career
Naumenko was drafted in the eighth round, 182nd overall, in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft by the St. Louis Blues. Naumenko played his college hockey at the University of North Dakota from 1992–96, during his time at UND he played in 146 game for the Fighting Sioux scoring 38 goals and adding 102 assists. Prior to college hockey he played two seasons in the USHL for the Rochester Mustangs and Dubuque Fighting Saints.

Nick's younger brother Gregg Naumenko is also a professional ice hockey goaltender who played two games in the NHL for the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim during the 2000–01 season.

Career statistics

Awards and honors

References

External links

1974 births
Adler Mannheim players
HC Ambrì-Piotta players
American men's ice hockey defensemen
EHC Biel players
Chicago Wolves players
Cleveland Lumberjacks players
Dubuque Fighting Saints players
Grand Rapids Griffins players
Hershey Bears players
Ice hockey people from Chicago
Kansas City Blades players
Kassel Huskies players
Las Vegas Thunder players
Living people
North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's ice hockey players
Portland Pirates players
Rochester Mustangs players
St. Louis Blues draft picks
SCL Tigers players
Utah Grizzlies (AHL) players
Worcester IceCats players


Lạng Giang is a rural district of Bắc Giang province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2019 the district had a population of 216,996. The district covers an area of 246 km². The district capital lies at Vôi.

Administrative divisions
The district is split administratively into the townships of Vôi, Kép and the rural communes of: Thái Đào, Đại Lâm, Tân Dĩnh, Xương Lâm, Tân Hưng, Hương Sơn, Xuân Hương, Mỹ Thái, Tân Thanh, Mỹ Hà, Tiên Lục, Đào Mỹ, An Hà, Hương Lạc, Nghĩa Hưng, Nghĩa Hòa, Quang Thịnh, Dương Đức and Yên Mỹ.

References

Districts of Bắc Giang province