Giulio Bevilacqua, Orat (14 November 1881 – 6 May 1965) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who devoted himself to pastoral work in Brescia and served as a military chaplain, known for his opposition to fascism. A few weeks before his death he was made an auxiliary bishop of Brescia and a cardinal. He was a teacher and spiritual confidant of Pope Paul VI.

Biography
Giulio Bevilacqua was born in Isola della Scala to a family of merchants. He studied at the University of Louvain in Belgium and the seminary in Brescia, and later entered the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri.

Bevilacqua was ordained to the priesthood on 13 June 1908, and then did pastoral work in Brescia until 1914. During World War I, he served as a chaplain to the Italian Army and was captured by Austrian forces in 1916. Following his release in 1918, he resumed his ministry in Brescia, where he became the spiritual director and a personal friend of Giovanni Battista Montini, the future Pope Paul VI, while the latter was a student.

He was made an official of the Vatican Secretariat of State for his protection against Fascist threats and lived in the Vatican from 1928 to 1933. He also did pastoral work in Rome during this time. He then returned to Brescia. During World War II, served as a chaplain on an Italian hospital ship.

In 1964, he preached to Pope Paul and the small group of Church officials who were preparing to visit the Holy Land; he accompanied Pope Paul on that visit.

On 15 February 1965, Bevilacqua was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Brescia and Titular Archbishop of Gaudiaba by Paul VI, in advance of his elevation to the College of Cardinals. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 18 February from Bishop Luigi Morstabilini, with Bishops Giuseppe Carraro and Carlo Manziana, Orat, serving as co-consecrators, in the basilica of Saints Faustus and Jovita.

Pope Paul created him Cardinal Deacon of San Girolamo della Carità in the consistory of 22 February of that year. By the special permission of the pope, Bevilacqua continued to serve as pastor of Sant'Antonio parish in Brescia. He assured his parishioners that he would also continue to wear a simple black cassock.

He died fifteen weeks later in Brescia on 6 May at the age of 83. He is buried in the church of Santa Maria della Pace.

References

External links
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
Catholic-Hierarchy

1881 births
1965 deaths
20th-century Italian cardinals
Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI
Italian military chaplains
World War I chaplains
World War II chaplains
Royal Italian Army chaplains
Royal Italian Navy chaplains
20th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops


Admiral Sir Thomas Sabine Pasley, 2nd Baronet,  (26 December 1804 – 13 February 1884) was an English officer of the British Royal Navy during the nineteenth century who never saw action but served across the globe in numerous positions. A career officer, Pasley inherited his grandfather Sir Thomas Pasley, 1st Baronet's title aged only four and spent much of his career in shore appointments as he paid for and cared for his large family.

Biography
Born 26 December 1804, Pasley was the son of Major John Sabine of the Grenadier Guards and Maria Pasley, daughter of Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley, 1st Baronet, a long-serving officer who had lost a leg at the Glorious First of June. As Pasley had no male heirs, his baronetcy would have become extinct but for an act of parliament permitting the title to fall to his grandson on his death. When Pasley senior died in 1808, his four-year-old grandson became Sir Thomas and added the Pasley to his surname.

Young Pasley was schooled at Dr. Pearson's School in East Sheen, Durham School, and by his aunts at Burnfoot, near Langholm. In 1817, aged 14, Pasley attended the Royal Naval Academy and the following year joined Sir Thomas Fremantle's ship HMS Rochfort as a midshipman under the patronage of his relation Pulteney Malcolm. The ship was later commanded by Sir Graham Moore. In 1823, Pasley moved to the brig HMS Redpole and later HMS Arachne. In 1824 he was promoted to lieutenant and joined HMS Tweed for service off the Brazilian Coast.

Returning in 1826, Pasley married Jane Matilda Lily Wynyard and the couple would ultimately have seven sons and two daughters, putting great financial strain on Pasley and once his sons entered the Navy, forcing him to provide patronage for all of them by doing favours for other officers. As a result, his career would stalemate. In 1828, Pasley was promoted to commander and he joined HMS Cameleon and HMS Procris in command. As acting captain he also commanded the frigates  HMS Rattlesnake and HMS Blonde.

Pasley was made full captain in 1831, and spent several years on the Brazilian station in HMS Curacoa. In 1848, after a period of unemployment he took over Pembroke Dockyard and in 1856 he was made rear-admiral and commanded HMS Royal Albert and HMS Agamemnon in the Black Sea at the end of the Crimean War. On his return in 1859 Pasley commanded Devonport Dockyard and in 1866 became commander-in-chief at Portsmouth. His lengthy shore commands were the result of the pressures maintaining his large family placed him under.

In 1869, Pasley retired as a full admiral and in 1873 was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. He died in 1884 and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his grandson Thomas Edward Sabine Pasley, his eldest son having died in 1870. He was buried in Shedfield Chuchyard.

See also

References

|-

1804 births
1884 deaths
Royal Navy admirals
Baronets in the Baronetage of Great Britain
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
Royal Navy personnel of the Crimean War
Military personnel from London


Eragrostis pectinacea is a species of grass known by the common name tufted lovegrass. This plant is native to the Americas from Canada to Argentina. It is widespread, growing in most open spaces at varying elevations and habitats, including in disturbed areas and roadsides.

Description
Eragrostis pectinacea is an annual tuft-forming bunchgrass, reaching maximum heights of anywhere from 10 to 80 centimeters. It is mostly hairless except for a fringe of hairs near where the leaf blade meets the sheath. The inflorescence is open with spreading branches holding yellowish to purplish spikelets, each just under centimeter long. Each narrow spikelet has up to 15 or 20 tiny florets.

Taxonomy
Eragrostis pectinacea was first described by André Michaux in 1803, as Poa pectinacea. It was transferred to Eragrostis in 1841 by Christian Nees von Esenbeck. Eragrostis tracyi is treated by some sources as a variety of this species, but recognized by others as a separate species.

Distribution
Eragrostis pectinacea is widely distributed in the Americas, from Canada through the United States to Mexico in northern America, in Central America and the Caribbean, and in parts of South America. It has been introduced into Europe and further south than its native range in South America, in northeast Argentina and Uruguay.

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment - Eragrostis pectinacea
Grass Manual Treatment

pectinacea
Bunchgrasses of North America
Bunchgrasses of South America
Grasses of the United States
Native grasses of California
Grasses of Mexico
Grasses of Argentina
Grasses of Canada
Flora of Northern America
Flora of Central America
Flora of the Caribbean
Flora of northern South America
Flora of western South America
Flora of Brazil
Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands
Natural history of the Central Valley (California)
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Plants described in 1803
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


Utricularia raynalii is a small, annual, suspended aquatic carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. raynalii is endemic to tropical Africa and can be found in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Rwanda, Senegal, and Sudan. It was described by Peter Taylor in 1986 and was named in honor of Jean Raynal of the Paris Herbarium who had collected this species in Cameroon and Rwanda.

See also
 List of Utricularia species

References

Carnivorous plants of Africa
Flora of Burkina Faso
Flora of Cameroon
Flora of Chad
Flora of Rwanda
Flora of Senegal
Flora of Sudan
Flora of the Central African Republic
raynalii


Eragrostis tracyi is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Florida in the United States. It was first described by Albert Hitchcock in 1934. It has also been treated as a variety of Eragrostis pectinacea under the name E. pectinacea var. tracyi.

References

tracyi
Flora of Florida
Plants described in 1934


Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency of Birmingham South was one of them.

It consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham Hall Green, Birmingham Handsworth, Birmingham Ladywood, Birmingham Northfield, Birmingham Selly Oak, Birmingham Small Heath, Birmingham Sparkbrook, and Birmingham Yardley.

Member of the European Parliament

Results

References

External links
 David Boothroyd's United Kingdom Election Results

European Parliament constituencies in England (1979–1999)
Politics of Birmingham, West Midlands
1979 establishments in England
1984 disestablishments in England
Constituencies established in 1979
Constituencies disestablished in 1984


Pennsylvania State Senate District 42 includes part of Allegheny County. It is currently represented by Democrat Wayne D. Fontana.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Allegheny County:

Senators

References

Government of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Senate districts


State Highway 95 (abbreviated SH-95) is a state highway in the Panhandle region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. This route, which is  long, runs entirely through western Texas County. SH-95 does not have any lettered spur routes.

Route description

SH-95 begins where Farm to Market Road 1290 crosses into Oklahoma from Texas. Feet (meters) after crossing the state line, the highway curves to the west to parallel the state line as it approaches Texhoma. In Texhoma, the route crosses US-54. SH-95 then turns north immediately after the intersection. It then bridges the Beaver River and heads north for , after which it meets US-64/412/SH-3.

SH-95 turns west to run concurrent with the other three routes. The four routes proceed together for . SH-95 then splits off to the north at Four Corners. The route then passes through Eva and runs east of Surrey Hills before meeting US-56 just south of Elkhart, Kansas. This intersection serves as SH-95's northern terminus.

History
State Highway 95 began as an unnumbered farm-to-market road. It was first assigned the SH-95 designation between 1950 and 1954. By 1955, US-56 had been established through Oklahoma. Its original route followed the section of SH-95 north of US-64, so SH-95 was truncated back to the US-64 junction. This change was reverted in 1961, and US-56 and SH-95 ran concurrent north of US-64. The following year, US-56 was rerouted over SH-114, leaving SH-95 on its own once again.

Before 2003, SH-95 extended  beyond US-56 to the Kansas state line, connecting to K-27. After KDOT realigned K-27 to run east of Elkhart, ODOT truncated SH-95 to US-56.

Junction list

References

External links

SH-95 at OKHighways

095
Transportation in Texas County, Oklahoma


College Hill station was a former train station located in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, United States. The structure was designed by architect Joseph Ladd Neal and built by the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad to help transport goods and passengers in and out of the neighborhood of College Hill in Beaver Falls. Downtown Beaver Falls once had a passenger station of its own, but it has since been demolished, along with the freight station in 2007.

History
The station was constructed in 1910 by "The Little Giant", and was mostly used by Geneva College students and community members of College Hill.  Between the 1950s and 1980s, many railroad stations in Western Pennsylvania, and across the United States began shutting down. Unlike many stations in the area, College Hill did not close down and survived well into the 1980s. During this time, the P&LE ran a commuter train between Beaver Falls and Pittsburgh with the College Hill station located at the north terminus.  On July 12, 1985, the P&LE made its last commuter run, making College Hill the last station to be used by passengers on the railroad. This would also be the final passenger train for the station. By 1993, the P&LE was bought by CSX Transportation, and the station was abandoned.

On December 31, 1997, the station was sold by P&LE to Geneva College for $35,000.

The Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation (PHLF) proposed a plan to restore College (Hill) Station in 2007/2008 as part of a restoration plan for Geneva College made possible by a grant from The Getty Foundation Campus Heritage Grants and Geneva College.  This plan appears to have never been fulfilled.

On May 28, 2008, the station was sold by Geneva College to AES Realty, LLC for $10,000 (after calculating for inflation, the $35,000 paid for College Station in 1997 would equal $46,950.81 in 2008).

Current status
The station building was still standing as of 2016, but was slowly deteriorating after being closed for more than twenty years.  It was also located at the bottom of a large embankment along the Beaver River near the Eastvale Bridge. Because of its locale, the station could easily be missed. As of 2016, there were no plans to restore the structure. On June 19, 2017, fire destroyed the structure.

References

External links
PA RR Stations Past & Present page for College Hill
Real photo postcard of College Hill station

Former Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad stations
Railway stations in Beaver County, Pennsylvania
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1910
1910 establishments in Pennsylvania
Railway stations closed in 1985
Railway stations in the United States closed in the 1980s


Bristol was a European Parliament constituency centred on Bristol in England, but covering much of Avon. Until 1984, it included parts of southern Gloucestershire and northwestern Wiltshire.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

When it was created in England in 1979, it consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Bristol North East, Bristol North West, Bristol South, Bristol South East, Bristol West, Chippenham, Kingswood, and South Gloucestershire. In 1984, it was redrawn to consist of Bath, Bristol East, Bristol North West, Bristol South, Bristol West, Kingswood, Northavon, and Wansdyke. In 1994, it consisted of Bristol East, Bristol North West, Bristol South, Bristol West, Kingswood, Northavon, and Woodspring.

The seat became part of the much larger South West England constituency in 1999.

Members of the European Parliament

Results

References

External links
 David Boothroyd's United Kingdom Election Results

European Parliament constituencies in England (1979–1999)
Politics of Bristol
1979 establishments in England
1984 disestablishments in England
Constituencies established in 1979
Constituencies disestablished in 1984


Girolamo Campagna (1549–1625) was a Northern Italian sculptor.

Born in Verona, he went to Venice in 1572 and studied under both Jacopo Sansovino and Danese Cattaneo, and completed many of the latter's works. He was responsible for the figure of Doge Leonardo Loredan on the tomb which Cattaneo made in Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice. After his master's death, Campagna went to Padua where he secured the commission intended for Cattaneo in the Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua. This was his masterpiece, a bas-relief of the saint bringing back to life a man who had been murdered.

Some years later Campagna made another trip to Padua and wrought the bronze tabernacle for in the Basilica of St Antony of Padua, in the Chapel of the Holy Sacrament (Cappella del Santissimo Sacramento, also known as Cappella Gattamelata), in the right aisle.

The greater part of his life was spent in Venice, where he produced the majority of his works:
the statues of St Francis and St Clare bearing the ostensorium at Santa Maria dei Miracoli;
the statue of St Justina of Padua over the door of the Arsenal, commemorating the Battle of Lepanto (1571), which occurred on her feast-day (7 October), during Campagna's lifetime;
the colossal St Sebastian at the Zecca;
the figures of the Virgin Mary, the Archangel Gabriel and patron saints of Venice, in relief on the Ponte di Rialto;
the group in bronze of Christ on a globe, supported by the Four Evangelists and a Madonna for the second altar in the left nave at San Giorgio Maggiore;
the statues of Saint Roch (Sala terrena), Saint John the Baptist and St. Sebastian (Sala superiore) at Scuola Grande di San Rocco;
the statues at San Sebastiano;
a chimney piece for the Sala del Collegio at the Doge's Palace.
He also made terracotta figures in San Zulian and worked in the Frari.

At the end of the 16th Century he was the most famous sculptor in Venice and was commissioned with the most important artworks.

In Verona there is an Annunciation over the portal of the old Palazzo del Consiglio and a Madonna at the Collegio dei Mercatanti.

In 1590 he first produced bronze statues.

References
  cites:
 Perekins, Historical Handbook of Italian Sculpture (New York, 1883).
 Getty-Museum Campagna
 Rossi, Paola, "Girolamo Campagna," Verona 1968
 Schulz, Juergen, review of P. Rossi, "Girolamo Campagna," Verona 1968 IN: Art Bulletin, vol. LIII, 1971, pp. 250–253

External links

museumplanet Arsenal
museumplanet SS Giovanni e Paolo
museumplanet Doge's Palace
European sculpture and metalwork, a collection catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Campagna (see index)

1549 births
1625 deaths
Artists from Verona
16th-century Italian sculptors
Italian male sculptors
17th-century Italian sculptors
Catholic sculptors


The Serenade in D major for Violin, Viola and Cello, Op. 8, is a string trio composition by Ludwig van Beethoven. It was written from 1796–97, and published in 1797 by Artaria in Vienna.

Structure

The composition is in six movements

 Marcia: Allegro (4/4) – Adagio (3/4)
 Menuetto: Allegretto (3/4)
 Adagio - Scherzo: Allegro molto - Adagio - Allegro molto - Adagio, in D minor (2/4)
 Allegretto alla polacca, in F major (3/4)
 Andante quasi allegretto (2/4) - Variation 1 - Variation 2 - Variation 3 - Variation 4 (2/4) - Allegro (6/8) - Tempo I  (2/4)
 Marcia: Allegro (4/4)

A typical performance takes around 26–30 minutes.

Transcriptions

In 1803, Franz Xaver Kleinheinz arranged this piece for viola and piano. It was published in 1804 as the Notturno for Viola and Piano in D major, Op. 42.  In September 1803 Beethoven wrote to his publisher: "I have gone through [the arrangements] and made drastic corrections in some passages. So do not dare to state in writing that I have arranged them [...] If you do, you will be telling a lie, seeing that, moreover, I could never have found the time, or even had the patience, to do work of that kind."  Nonetheless, Beethoven was incorrectly credited as the author of the arrangement.  In addition to straightforward correction of the transcription, Beethoven permitted himself an odd extra bar and occasional new imitative counterpoint.

In his book Classic Music: Expression, Form, and Style, Leonard G. Ratner cites the fourth movement as a representative example of the polonaise.

References
Notes

Sources

External links

String trios by Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven
1797 compositions
Compositions in D major


Pennsylvania State Senate District 36 includes part of Lancaster County. It is currently represented by Republican Ryan Aument.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Senators since 1955

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania


A cartel is a tight organization based on a formal agreement among commercial enterprises with conflicting interests.

Cartel may also refer to:

Various cartels
 Cartel, adopted from Dutch language Kartel (electoral alliance), a public and formal electoral alliance between political parties (hence, cartel parties)
 Cartel party theory, evaluates influences among state and political parties (hence, cartel parties)
 Drug cartel, a drug trafficking organization (the article lists specific cartels)
 State cartel theory, addresses international relations formed by states (hence, cartel states)
 Cartel (intergovernmental agreement)

Music

Groups and labels
 Cartel (band), an American pop punk band
 Cartel (rap group), a Turkish hip hop group
 The Cartel (record distributor), a network of record distributors in the UK

Albums
 Cartel (Cartel album), the band's self-titled album
 Cartel (hip hop album), a German 1995 compilation album

Film
  Cartel (web series), a 2021 webseries on ALTBalaji
 Cartels (film), a 2017 action film starring Steven Seagal
 The Cartel, a 2010 documentary film by Bob Bowdon that covers the failures of public education in the United States by focusing on New Jersey

Other uses
 Cartel (concept), an ambiguous concept, which usually refers to a combination or agreement between rivals
 Cartel (intergovernmental agreement), spread throughout the 17th to 19th centuries in the Western world
 Cartel (ship), a vessel engaged in a humanitarian voyage, such as the exchange of prisoners
 Galindo cartel, a cartel that figured largely in Sons of Anarchy (season 4) and the spinoff series Mayans M.C.
 The Cartel, a professional-wrestling stable in the Global Wrestling Federation in the 1990s
  - historically, a written letter of defiance or  challenge

See also
 Cartell, an Irish vehicle checking company
 El Cartel (disambiguation)
 Kartel (disambiguation)
 Kartellen, Swedish gangsta-rap and hip hop formation


Gustav Kastropp (30 August 1844 – 11 September 1925) was a German poet, librettist and musician. Kastropp's texts were used by composers such as Georg Schumann, Eugen d'Albert and Bernhard Stavenhagen.

Biography
Kastropp was born in Salmünster, Hesse. He went to Gymnasium in Göttingen and just like his father he worked as a pharmacist. He studied music at the conservatories in Stuttgart, Göttingen and Sondershausen. From 1874 to 1877 he taught literature at the Großherzogliche Orchesterschule in Weimar.

He died in Hildesheim, Germany.

Works
 König Elfs Lieder (1875)
 Helene (1875)
 Suleika (1876)
 Gnomenmärchen (1877)
 Dornröschen (1877)
 Das vierblättrige Kleebatt (1879), with Richard Roltsch
 Kain (1880)
 Heinrich von Ofterdingen (1880)
 Agamemnon (1890)
 Gunhild (1891)
 Phantasien und Märchen (1891)
 Gernot (1896), libretto for an opera by Eugen d'Albert
 Der Improvisator (1902), libretto for an opera by Eugen d'Albert

References

External links
 Poets and librettists

1844 births
1925 deaths
German male poets
German poets
State University of Music and Performing Arts Stuttgart alumni


Highway 7 is a highway in the South District of Israel from Ashdod to Yesodot. It connects the Port of Ashdod with the Trans-Israel Highway (Highway 6).

Upgrade
The road was rebuilt to include additional lanes and interchanges to create a continuous controlled-access highway between Ashdod Interchange with Highway 4 in the west and Highway 3 in the east. Upon completion in August 2014, the section previously numbered Highway 41 between Highway 4 and Highway 40 was renumbered "7".

Junctions (west to east)

See also

 List of highways in Israel

References

7


Pennsylvania State Senate District 35 includes part of Centre County and all of Cambria County and Clearfield County. It is currently represented by Republican Wayne Langerholc.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

All of Cambria County

Centre County:

All of Clearfield County

Senators

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Bedford County, Pennsylvania
Government of Cambria County, Pennsylvania
Government of Clearfield County, Pennsylvania


Ruan (, ) is a Chinese surname.

The Taiwanese Hokkien version  or  is transcribed Oán and Ńg in Pe̍h-ōe-jī. The Cantonese version  is romanized Jyun2 in the Jyutping system or Yún in the Yale system, or more commonly Yuen or Un (the latter is typical in Macau). In Hokchew Chinese, it is Nguang.

Its Vietnamese equivalent is Nguyễn (pronounced  in Northern Vietnamese and  in Southern Vietnamese), and is the most common Vietnamese family name.

Notable people named Ruan
Ruan Zongze, Dr. Ruan served in the Chinese Embassy in the United States as Minister Counselor. Currently, he is Executive Vice President and a senior research fellow at CIIS. He is also editor-in-chief of the CIIS journal -China International Studies, and member of the UNDP Human Development Report Advisory Panel.
Ruan Chengfa, a Chinese politician, governor of Yun Nan and Party secretary of Wu Han.
Ruan Yu, a literature writer during Han Dynasty (Chinese: 阮瑀; ?-212)
Ruan Xiaoxu, a bibliography writer during North Southern and Northern Dynasties (Chinese: 阮孝緒; 479－536)
Ruan Ji, is one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove (Chinese: 阮籍;210-263)
Ruan Xian, a Chinese scholar who lived during the Six Dynasties period (Chinese: 阮咸;3rd century)
Ruan Yuan, a scholar-official of renown in mid-Qing China prior to the Opium War (Chinese: 阮元, 1764–1849)
Ruan Lingyu, 20th-century Chinese actress (阮玲玉, 1910–1935)
Ruan Lufei, Chinese chess player (阮露斐, b. 1987)
Ruan Xiaoqi, character in the novel Water Margin (阮小七)
Ethan Juan, a Taiwanese actor
Wan Soon Bee, Singapore politician and businessman.
Kitty Yuen, Hong Kong entertainer
Louis Yuen Siu-cheung, Hong Kong actor
John Ruan, an American businessman and founder of Ruan Transportation
Yongbin Ruan (born 1953), Chinese mathematician
Xinbo Ruan, Chinese engineer

See also
Nguyễn
Ng (surname)

Chinese-language surnames
Individual Chinese surnames


PlayCafe (formerly LiveFire) was an interactive Internet game show network which billed itself as "the first online game show network." PlayCafe was founded in April 2007 by Dev Nag and Mark Goldenson, funded by angel investors. PlayCafe produced over 300 hour-long episodes, which were broadcast live from Redwood City, California and hosted by Daniella Martin from August 2007 to August 7, 2008, then by Chad Mosher in Flint, Michigan from August 14, 2008 to December 18, 2008.

PlayCafe broadcast two shows daily, Monday through Friday, at 6:00 pm and 7:00 pm Pacific Time (UTC -7) until May 30, 2008. On the last daily show, it was announced that the broadcast schedule would change to one show a week, starting the following week. On June 5, 2008, PlayCafe broadcast its first weekly shows on Thursday at the same time as the daily shows until its final show on December 18, 2008.

History
Under the name "LiveFire," the show premiered in May 2007, which featured twenty players invited by the co-founders. Production of one show a day, Monday through Friday, commenced on October 29, 2007 and expanded to two shows a day on December 31, 2007. The name changed to PlayCafe in late October 2007. However, on May 30 of 2008, the show's format shifted from daily shows (Monday-Friday) to once a week shows on Thursday. On October 30, it was announced that remaining investor money had been returned, no prizes would be given after the previous week's shows (and as such, the raffle tickets earned in the previous week's shows were null and void), and live PlayCafe broadcasts would be ending. The final broadcast was held on December 18, 2008, culminating with a three-hour special.

Live shows were no longer produced after December 18, 2008.  Users could host their own shows using the site's interface, some of which differed from those that PlayCafe ran.  On January 30, 2009, the game user interface was replaced with a redirect to the PlayCafe blog, which stated:

"...[W]e have decided to hold off on producing shows for now. We are thrilled with the enthusiasm of so many of you.... Unfortunately in these challenging times, it has been difficult to continue our growth. We are exploring partnerships with companies that can use PlayCafe's technology and give our shows wider distribution.... Thank you all for your enthusiasm and support and we hope to see you again soon!"

Interface
Every user that watches PlayCafe during a live show is a contestant on the show: players enter answers via an Adobe Flash interface, which displays the question, answer choices, statistics of the user, and a leaderboard after each question. PlayCafe is currently streamed through Stickam.

Format
Each hour-long episode consists of three segments with a choice of six different formats: Media Mash-up, Predict the Poll, Mix and Match, Either-Or, Missing Links, and Letter Perfect.  Players may also participate in Live Call-ins, which take place during the fourth question of each segment. Before the last question of the third segment, a Bonus Round is played.

Media Mash-up
In Media Mash-up, a video, image, or audio clip is shown, and players answer three questions about the media played. Each question has four answer choices unique to each question. Players are awarded points for each correct answer, the value of which is determined by how fast the player answers each question. The point counter starts at 3,500 points at the start, but continuously decreases to 0 at a rate of 100 points per second. Players may change their answers after answering each question, but each time a player changes their answer, the points possible for that question is changed to reflect the lower number of points on the timer.

Either-Or
In Either-Or, players match four items in a list to one of two choices.  Some examples of these choices, which were used so far, include "Play (Shakespeare character) or Plague (disease)" and "Dead or Canadian".  Scoring and game play are identical to Media Mash-up.

Mix and Match

In Mix and Match, players match four different parts of question to one of five answer choices, common to each part of the question. Scoring and game play are identical to Media Mash-up.

A previous version of this round featured seven answer choices.

Predict the Poll

In Predict the Poll, players have ten seconds to answer one question. Players either type their answer or drag-and-drop a blue triangle to represent their answer to the question. Points are awarded depending on how close guesses come to the actual answer.

There are two types of questions in the Predict the Poll round. The original (and more common) format of questions featured in the Predict the Poll round ask players to try and accurately predict the findings of opinion polls, which are either national polls from polling organizations, such as The Gallup Organization, or in-house polls conducted online. An exact guess awards players 10,000 points. Players may guess within a thirty-percent range above or below the correct answer to receive points. Points gradually decrease over the thirty-percent range, as shown in the table below:

The second format of the Predict the Poll round is also known as Name That Number, which asks players to accurately predict a numerical quantity, such as a population of a country or calories in a food. Like the traditional format of Predict the Poll, this format awards 10,000 points for a correct guess. Players must guess within thirty percent of the entire range above or below the correct answer. For example, in a range between zero and 200 calories, the margin allowed would be 60 calories above and below the correct answer.

Missing Links
In Missing Links, players link words together to form a chain, each word being part of a two-word term, connected by common words.  Four of those words are to be picked by the players, with other words already given.  Occasionally, there is no given word between the two answers, meaning the two answers themselves link together, potentially raising the difficulty.  Scoring and game play are identical to Media Mash-up.

Letter Perfect
In Letter Perfect, players are given a clue to a 6-, 7-, or 8-letter mystery word, then must fill in the missing letters to complete the word.  Essentially, for each correct letter a player selects within the time limit, they are awarded points. Scoring and game play are identical to Media Mash-up.

This game was debuted on PlayCafe on May 15, 2008, and is the first user-created game to be featured on the show.

Live Call-ins
Before the fourth question of each segment, a phone number is displayed and players are encouraged to participate in a Live Call-in and interact directly with the studio crew during question five. Only one player may participate in a Live Call-in each segment. No additional game points are won for calling in, but if the call-in player earns more than 5,000 points during the question, he or she wins a $5 Amazon.com gift certificate.

Originally, players were awarded five raffle tickets, as call-ins were done more frequently.  Call-ins are no longer done.

Bonus Round
Before the final question of each show, the Bonus Round is played. For each 10,000 points players earn in a segment, they earn a key. Unlike points earned in each segment, keys are kept until the end of each show, when they are redeemed in the bonus round. Players choose a number of treasure chest icons from a field of 30 equal to the number of keys they have, with a limit of 6 keys. After 45 seconds, icons that were "inside" the chests are revealed. If a player matches a certain number of identical icons, they win the prize indicated by the icon. Some prizes available in the bonus round include raffle tickets to the next week's drawing, Reactee T-shirts, Amazon gift cards, Audible audiobooks, ITunes songs, Wiis, and US$1,000. A player needed to find all six "cash" icons to win the $1,000, the odds of which were 1 in 593,775. The final bonus round was October 23, 2008. The $1,000 was never awarded, although two players did win Wiis.

Weekly Raffle
The Weekly Raffle segment occurred during the second hour of every show. Originally, raffles were done during the Monday show based on the tickets awarded the previous week. As PlayCafe no longer broadcasts daily from Monday through Friday, raffles for one Thursday show were done in the following Thursday show.

As players answer questions in a segment, they accumulate points based on the objective of the round. If players have one of the ten highest point totals at the end of the segment, they earn between one and ten "Raffle Tickets:" ten tickets to the first-place finisher, nine to the second-place finisher, all the way down to one ticket for the tenth-place finisher. Should an equal score between two or more players result at the end of a segment, each tied player is given the same number of tickets. In the following show, three tickets are randomly selected from the tickets of the previous week, winning prizes such as Amazon.com or iTunes Store gift certificates.

A team raffle and an invite raffle were done in addition to the individual raffle. Teams, as a whole, were awarded tickets based on their point totals, and in the following show, one ticket would be drawn, awarding $5 Amazon.com gift certificates to every member on the team, up to 50. The invite raffle was based on the number of invites a user sent during the week, through social networking websites such as MySpace and Facebook. The winner of the invite raffle won a $10 Amazon.com gift certificate.

As of the July 24, 2008 show, the team and invite raffles were discontinued in favor of larger individual prizes. The second October 23, 2008 show was the last program to have an individual raffle, although a condensed raffle did appear on the December 4 and 11, 2008 programs.

External links
 PlayCafe official website

References

2000s American game shows
Internet television channels


Cambridgeshire was a constituency of the European Parliament located in the United Kingdom, electing one Member of the European Parliament by the first-past-the-post electoral system. It was first created in 1979 for the first elections to the European Parliament, but was abolished in 1984 election.

It was re-created in 1994 and abolished in 1999 on the adoption of proportional representation for European elections in the United Kingdom. It was succeeded by the East of England region.

Boundaries

1979—1984
On its creation in 1979, it consisted of the parliamentary constituencies of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Ely, Peterborough, and Wellingborough.

When it was abolished in 1984, the subsequent seats were based on the parliamentary constituencies created by the 1983 boundary changes. The area covered by the new parliamentary constituencies of Cambridge, Huntingdon, North East Cambridgeshire, Peterborough and South West Cambridgeshire became part of the Cambridge and Bedfordshire North constituency, while Wellingborough was transferred to Northamptonshire and South East Cambridgeshire was transferred to Suffolk.

1994—1999

The Cambridgeshire constituency was re-created in 1994 from parts of Cambridge and Bedfordshire North and Suffolk. The re-established constituency consisted of the Westminster parliamentary constituencies of Cambridge, Huntingdon, North East Cambridgeshire, Peterborough, South East Cambridgeshire and South West Cambridgeshire. Cambridge, Huntingdon, North East Cambridgeshire, Peterborough and South West Cambridgeshire had previously been part of the Cambridge and Bedfordshire North constituency, while South East Cambridgeshire had been part of the Suffolk constituency.

MEPs

Election results

References

External links
 David Boothroyd's United Kingdom Election Results

European Parliament constituencies in England (1979–1999)
Politics of Cambridgeshire
1979 establishments in England
1984 disestablishments in England
Constituencies established in 1979
Constituencies disestablished in 1984


A designated place (DPL) is a type of community or settlement identified by Statistics Canada that does not meet the criteria used to define municipalities or population centres. DPLs are delineated every 5 years for the Canadian census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns, and villages.

Though lacking separate municipal government, DPLs otherwise physically resemble incorporated places. They are created by provincial or territorial governments for the purpose of providing data for settled concentrated populations that are identifiable by name but are not legally incorporated under the laws of the province/territory in which they are located. The boundaries of a DPL therefore have no legal status, and not all unincorporated communities are necessarily granted DPL status.

Some designated places may have a quasi-governmental status, such as a local services board in Ontario or an organized hamlet in Saskatchewan. Others may be formerly unincorporated settlements or formerly independent municipalities that have been merged into larger governments, and have retained DPL status in order to ensure statistical continuity with past censuses.

DPLs are similar to the function of census-designated places in the United States, but are defined differently. One significant difference is that Statistics Canada applies the designation to much smaller communities than does the United States Census Bureau.

Statistics Canada indexes designated places numerically, with each designated place referred to by a unique six-digit code, the first two digits of which are the Standard Geographical Classification code for the province or territory in which the place is located, an example being 590066 for Shawnigan Lake in British Columbia.

Criteria
As of the 2016 census, Statistics Canada requires small communities or settlements to meet the following criteria in order to become a designated place:

 an area less than or equal to
 "a boundary that respects the block structure from the previous census, where possible."

In 2006, the criteria required for a community to be defined as a designated place included:
 a minimum population of 100 and a maximum population of 1,000. The maximum population limit may be exceeded provided that the population density is less than 400 persons per square kilometre, which is the population density that defines a population centre.
 a population density of 150 persons or more per square kilometre
 an area less than or equal to 10 square kilometres
 a boundary that respects the block structure from the previous census, where possible
 a boundary that respects census subdivision (CSD) limits. If a named area with DPL status crosses the boundary of two or more census subdivisions, then it is enumerated as multiple DPLs, each designated "Part A", "Part B", etc., rather than as a single DPL.

The status of designated place was created for the first time in the Canada 1996 Census. Prior to 1996, such areas were only counted as regular enumeration areas within the applicable census divisions, and no special aggregation of figures was published.

Types
The provinces and territories of Canada can also have their own designated place types. The following are the designated place types as recorded in the 2016 census. (There were no designated places in Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut for the 2016 census.)

By province and territory
In the 2021 Census of Population, there were 1,685 designated places in Canada, an increase from 1,629 in the 2016 Census of Population. Designated places are present in nine provinces and two territories. Only Prince Edward Island and the Northwest Territories were without designated places in 2021.

Alberta

British Columbia

Manitoba

New Brunswick

Newfoundland and Labrador

Northwest Territories
There were no designated places in the Northwest Territories in 2021.

Nova Scotia

Nunavut
In the 2021 census, Nunavut had one designated place, an increase from none in 2016.

Ontario

Prince Edward Island
There were no designated places in Prince Edward Island in 2021.

Quebec

Saskatchewan

Yukon
In the 2021 census, Yukon had two designated places, an increase from one in 2016.

See also
Census subdivision
Census-designated place

References

Demographics of Canada

Statistics Canada


Pennsylvania State Senate District 44 includes parts of Berks County, Chester County, and Montgomery County. It is currently represented by Democrat Katie Muth.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Berks County:

Chester County:

Montgomery County:

Senators since 1939

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Berks County, Pennsylvania
Government of Chester County, Pennsylvania
Government of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania


Pennsylvania State Senate District 37 includes part of Allegheny County. It is currently represented by Republican Devlin Robinson.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Government of Washington County, Pennsylvania


Waiting (等待) is a 1999 novel by Chinese-American author Ha Jin (哈金) which won the National Book Award the same year. It is based on a true story that Jin heard from his wife when they were visiting her family at an army hospital in China. At the hospital was an army doctor who had waited eighteen years to get a divorce so he could marry his long-time friend, a nurse.

The plot revolves around the fortunes of three people: Lin Kong, the army doctor; his wife Shuyu, whom he has never loved; and the nurse Manna Wu, his girlfriend at the hospital where he works. Beginning in 1963 and stretching over a twenty-year period, Waiting is set against the background of a changing Chinese society. It contrasts city and country life and shows the restrictions on individual freedoms that are a routine part of life under communism. But Waiting is primarily a novel of character. It presents a portrait of a decent but deeply flawed man, Lin Kong, whose life is spoiled by his inability to experience strong emotions and to love wholeheartedly.

Plot summary
Army doctor Lin Kong marries Shuyu, a village woman, as decided upon by his parents. While Lin spends most of his time away from home working as a doctor in Muji City, Shuyu raises their daughter, Hua, and cares for Lin's sick parents in Goose Village. Lin feels no love for her, and once he meets Manna Wu, a nurse at the hospital, he falls in love with her and feels that he must divorce his wife. Year after year, Lin tries to divorce the woman he is embarrassed to be married to, and every year when he comes home for a few days during the holidays, he goes with her to the courthouse. Shuyu agrees to the divorce but each time a hiccup crops up at the last moment. Meanwhile, Manna is frustrated that she cannot be Lin's official wife. Though she endures for the sake of Lin, Manna receives unwanted attention for remaining unmarried, particularly by male coworkers who sexually harass her.

Lin finally succeeds in divorcing Shuyu due to a law that states that if a man and wife have been separate for 18 years, the man can divorce her without her consent. Once he lives with Manna, however, he feels unhappy with her as well, despite expecting that he will love her since they had chosen each other. After the divorce, Shuyu and their daughter move to Muji City as well. Shortly after Manna gives birth to twin sons, Lin is devastated to learn that her heart is failing and he will be left to raise his children alone. After a heated argument with Manna, Lin reflects on the foolishness of waiting for something that ultimately failed to assuage his discontent.

During this time, he realizes too late how much he relied on and failed to appreciate Shuyu's devotion to him. He goes to Shuyu, asking her to forgive him, to wait, and help him raise his children after Manna dies. Lin's visit fills Shuyu with joy, and when Hua goes over to visit Manna and the twins, she tells Lin that they will always be waiting for him.

Reception
Waiting won both the National Book Award for Fiction
and the PEN/Faulkner Award, was a finalist for the 2000 Pulitzer Prize, and has been lauded for its insights into life in communist China.

Censorship
In June 2000, an article attacking the novel was published in a weekly publication called Chinese Reading News. The author of the article was Liu Yiqing, a professor from Beijing University. Liu accused Ha Jin of portraying China in a negative light, and claimed that he had been used by the American media to vilify China. After the publication of this article, Beijing Publishing Group, a major publishing house in China owned by the Chinese government, decided to cancel the plan to translate and publish the novel in China.

Publication in China

A Simplified Chinese translation of the novel (Chinese title: 等待), translated by Jin Liang, was published in 2002 by Hunan Wenyi Publishing and in 2015 by Sichuan Wenyi Publishing.

References

1999 American novels
National Book Award for Fiction winning works
Novels by Ha Jin
Novels set in China
Pantheon Books books
PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction-winning works


Arsi Robe is a town in south-eastern Oromia. It is named after the nearby Robe River. It is the administrative centre of the Robe (Aanaa) in the Arsi Zone of the Oromia State, this town has a latitude and longitude of  with an elevation of 2435 meters above sea level.

According to the Oromia Regional government, this town currently has telephone and postal service, and is supplied with electricity for 24 hours from Melka Wakena Hydroelectric Power. A market is held on Saturdays. A notable local landmark is the prison farm, which existed as early as 1961, and in the 1980s housed 850 prisoners.

Demographics
Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Robe has an estimated total population of 17,144 of whom 8,200 are men and 8,944 are women. The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 9,599 of whom 4,447 were men and 5,152 were women.

Notes

Populated places in the Oromia Region


Erechtites is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family known commonly as fireweeds or burnweeds. They are native to the Americas and Australia, but some species are widely distributed weeds.

Description
Erechtites consists of annual or perennial herbs with large taproots and very often with a pungent odor. Leaves are usually ovate or lanceolate (sometimes pinnately lobed or pinnatifid). Flower heads may sometimes contain  as many as 100 yellow or white (rarely pink) disc florets but no ray florets.

Taxonomy and species
Some species in this genus are treated as members of Senecio by some authors, and several other species are considered variants of Erechtites hieraciifolius, so there may be as few as 5 distinct species in this genus.  In particular, not all authors agree on whether to include a dozen or so species native to Australia and New Zealand in Erechtites.

Species

27 species are recognised by Plants of the World Online

Erechtites apargiifolius  - Australia
Erechtites atkinsoniae  - Australia
Erechtites bathurstianus  - Australia
Erechtites bukaensis  - Solomon Islands
Erechtites diversifolius  - New Zealand
Erechtites glabrescens  - Australia
Erechtites glomeratus  - Australia, New Zealand
Erechtites glossanthus  - Australia
Erechtites goyazensis  - South America
Erechtites gunnii  - Australia
Erechtites hieraciifolius  - North America, South America, West Indies; introduced in Europe and Asia
Erechtites hispidulus  - Australia
Erechtites ignobilis  - South America
Erechtites kermadecensis  - Kermadec Islands
Erechtites laceratus  - Australia
Erechtites leptanthus  - Chile
Erechtites minimus  - Australia, New Zealand
Erechtites missionum  - South America
Erechtites petiolatus  - South America
Erechtites picridioides  - Australia
Erechtites quadridentatus  - Australia, Java
Erechtites runcinatus  - Mexico
Erechtites scaberulus  - New Zealand
Erechtites sonchoides  - Australia, New Zealand
Erechtites tenuiflorus  - Australia
Erechtites valerianifolius  - Mexico, South America, Central America
Erechtites wairauensis  - New Zealand

Alternatively, a more limited genus circumscription restricts the genus to New World species and only recognises six species in two sections:

 Erechtites sect. Erechtites
 Erechtites hieracifolius
 Erechtites missionis
 Erechtites valerianifolius
 Erechtites petiolatus
 Erechtites sect. Goyazenses Belcher
 Erechtites goyazensis
 Erechtites ignobilis

The genus name Erechtites is considered masculine by some botanists and feminine by others. Hence some species names may end in "-us" or "-a," for example, Erechtites valerianifolius versus  E. valerianifolia. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Art. 62.4) specifies that generic names ending in "-ites" are to be treated as masculine, hence the "-us" ending in such cases is to be preferred over the "-a" ending.

References

External links
USDA Plants Profile

Senecioneae
Asteraceae genera


Johanne Sutton (1 December 1966 – 11 November 2001) was a French radio reporter and journalist.

Early life and education
Born in Casablanca, Morocco, she graduated from the École supérieure de journalisme de Lille in 1990 and began working for Radio France International in 1991. Sutton had covered conflicts in Kosovo, Macedonia, and the Middle East, though she specialized in investigative reporting.

Death
Sutton, along with fellow French journalist Pierre Billaud and German journalist Volker Handloik, was killed in an ambush in Dashti Qaleh, Takhar Province, Afghanistan on 11 November 2001. The trio were travelling on a Northern Alliance armoured personnel carrier when they came under attack by Taliban troops with machine guns and a rocket-propelled grenade launcher. Australian journalist Paul McGeough and French journalist Véronique Reyberotte survived the attack. According to Reyberotte Billaud and Sutton jumped off the tank.

Reaction
Former French president Jacques Chirac and former French Prime Minister Lionel Jospin praised Sutton and Billaud for their courage.

See also
 List of journalists killed during the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

References

External links
 TopYaps: 10 Journalists Who Died in the Line of Duty

1966 births
2001 deaths
Women war correspondents
French war correspondents
Journalists killed while covering the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Women in 21st-century warfare
Women in war in South Asia
French women writers
20th-century French journalists
20th-century French women


Dance Dance Revolution Solo is a short-lived series of games spun off of the main Dance Dance Revolution series. It consists of three arcade releases in Japan. The game mode was also adapted for use in a children's arcade version and two console releases (as a game mode).

Gameplay
Gameplay in the Solo series is nearly identical to that of the main Dance Dance Revolution series, but with a few differences to optimize the game for single-player mode.  In addition to the four-panel mode offered in the main series, Solo adds a three-panel mode in its Bass Mix and 2000 releases, as well as a six-panel mode in all of its releases.  Both modes add two new panels: up-left and up-right.  The three-panel mode adds the down arrow to these, while the six-panel mode combines both the four traditional panels and the two new panels.

Games

Main series

Dance Dance Revolution Solo Bass Mix
 is the first game in the series. It was released as an arcade game by Konami on August 19, 1999 in Japan. The game premiered 16 songs to the series and takes its name, as well as most of its soundtrack, from the Dancemania BASS albums. This is the first game that features a live-action intro.

Dance Dance Revolution Solo 2000
 the second game in the series. It was released as an arcade game by Konami on December 16, 1999 in Japan. DDR Solo 2000 premiered 20 songs to the series and also featured all 16 songs from Bass Mix, for a total of 36 songs.

Dance Dance Revolution Solo 4thMix
This game and Dance Dance Revolution Solo 4thMix Plus were released concurrently with 4thMix and 4thMix Plus respectively, designed for use with Solo cabinets. The changes in the actual game engine are few, but significant. The 4 and 6-panel modes are offered instead of the usual options, and the chubby arrows of the Solo series also appear. Multi-player Mode from the Solo series is not present in either game.

Derivatives
While not Solo releases per se, these games offer a one-player mode inspired by Solo.
 Dance Dance Revolution Extra Mix for the PlayStation in Japan featured a total of 50 songs: 33 of the 36 songs from Solo 2000, plus 11 songs that premiered in 4thMix Plus, four previews from 5thMix and two songs that later premiered in DDRMAX 6thMix. Of these, only the Solo 2000 and 4thMix Plus songs include Solo steps, though Edit Mode allows players to create custom Solo steps for any of the 50 songs.
 Dance Dance Revolution Konamix for the PlayStation is the first release in North America to feature a Solo mode.
 Dance Dance Revolution Kids , sometimes abbreviated as , is a game in the Dance Dance Revolution series aimed at a younger audience. Released in December 2000 by Konami for the Japanese arcade rooms, DDR Kids is limited in comparison to the main series. Only one player can play at a time, the steps are very simplistic and it's easier to score a passing grade. The arcade machine is smaller than a typical DDR machine, designed for smaller players. The song selection is also limited with only a couple of tracks from the main series. The rest are mostly exclusive to this release and feature theme songs to children's shows that have aired in Japan.
 Dancing Karaoke DKara was released on January 16, 2001. It combined the gameplay of Dance Dance Revolution with karaoke style singing. Konami had previously released two titles with similar gameplay in the past as very rare arcade machines. The song selection was primarily download driven and features a unique set of music that has not been repeated in any other DDR game. The downloadable songs were sold for ¥150 a song and released in packs of varying size a week or so apart from each other. As of August 9, 2001 the total number of songs available for DKara including the original game and downloadable content was 80, however an undetermined number of songs have been released since then. A newer release, Karaoke Revolution Party, features similar gameplay.

Music

Songs
All songs from Solo BASSMIX can also be played in Solo 2000.

Dance Dance Revolution Kids
 アンパンマンマーチ (♪)
 ウルトラマンガイア (♪)
 おどるポンポコリン (♪♪)
 ターゲット～赤い衝撃～(♪♪♪)
 ダメダメのうた (♪♪)
 プラチナ (♪♪♪♪)
 めざせ! ポケモンマスター (♪)
 SHAKE (♪♪♪♪)
 全部抱きしめて (♪♪)
 LOVEマシーン (♪♪♪)
 WAになっておどろう (♪♪)

Dancing Karaoke DKara

Courses

Soundtrack
A combined soundtrack for both DDR Solo mixes was released by Toshiba-EMI under their Dancemania dance music brand. It contains 35 tracks from the game and all 9 megamixes.

Controversy
In 2002, a bowling alley in San Diego, California removed a Solo 2000 machine after Jennifer Stoefen and several members of a local group, known as Youth Advocacy Coalition (YAC), complained that the background movies of selected songs contained images that could promote substance abuse, such as a scantily clad nurse and pills in "I'm Alive" and alcoholic drinks appearing in "Club Tropicana". The news received coverage on FOX 6 News and NBC 7/39 News.

Other arcades also opted to replace their Solo 2000 machines with DDRMAX Dance Dance Revolution 6thMix or its sequel, which do not feature the nurse theme and alcohol references, but do include profanity in a few songs. Konami responded by warning arcades that such machines are illegally imported. Using the DDR Freak fan site, the YAC located other Solo 2000 machines and considered contacting the operators, asking for the games to be removed or replaced. DDR Freak published a statement criticizing the news reports for their lack of journalistic objectivity and denying allegations of Dance Dance Revolution promoting substance abuse. The community pointed out that Solo 2000 is portraying a medical theme, and that fighting and shooting arcade games such as Street Fighter and The House of the Dead have moderate to strong life-like violence.

See also
 Dance Dance Revolution
 Oha Suta Dance Dance Revolution, also designed for kids

References

Konami franchises
Dance Dance Revolution games
Video game controversies


Pennsylvania State Senate District 49 includes part of Erie County. It is currently represented by Republican Dan Laughlin.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

Erie County:

Senators

Recent election results

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Erie County, Pennsylvania


The Meaning of Life is a 35mm animated short film, written and directed by Don Hertzfeldt in 2005. The twelve-minute film is the result of almost four years of production and tens of thousands of drawings, single-handedly paper animated and photographed by Hertzfeldt.

In the film,  the evolution of the human race is traced from prehistory away (mankind as blob forms), through today (mankind as teeming crowds of selfish, fighting, or lost individuals),  to hundreds of millions of years into the future as our monster species evolves into countless new forms;  all of them still behaving the monsters world same way.  The film concludes in the extreme future, with two creatures (apparently an adult and child subspecies of future human), having a conversation in an alien language about the meaning of life on a colorful shore.

Like all of Hertzfeldt's films prior to World of Tomorrow, The Meaning of Life was photographed entirely in-camera, without the use of computers, post-production compositing, or digital tools. The special effects were created via multiple exposures, optical light effects, and trick photography. Though working with an antique camera, Hertzfeldt often had to invent new techniques to capture his visuals.

The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and toured film and animation festivals in 2005–06. Though its abstract nature puzzled some critics, it received almost universally positive reviews. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution called the film "the closest thing on film yet to Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey."

In 2006, The Meaning of Life was remastered and restored in high definition for inclusion on the DVD, "Bitter Films Volume 1", a compilation of Don Hertzfeldt's short films from 1995 to 2005.  Special features relating to The Meaning of Life include a time-lapse documentary called "Watching Grass Grow" of Hertzfeldt animating the film (apparently over the course of a few years), another documentary about the creation of the special effects narrated by Hertzfeldt, original pencil tests, and dozens of pages devoted to Hertzfeldt's original sketches, storyboards, notes, and deleted ideas from the film.

In 2009, Hertzfeldt noted, "I don't often make the same sort of movie twice in a row. It’s always been whatever's next in my head. From a commercial standpoint I guess I’ve made some pretty inscrutable decisions, like following up "Rejected" with a sprawling abstract film about human evolution, but it's really just been whichever ideas won't go away at the time. There's always a lot of new things I'd like to try."

In 2014, Time Out New York named the film one of the "thirty best animated short films ever made."

In 2015, the film was remastered from a new 4K scan, for inclusion on the Blu-ray release of Hertzfeldt's It's Such a Beautiful Day.

References

External links

American animated short films
Abstract animation
Short films directed by Don Hertzfeldt
Works about meaning of life


Just a Little Lovin is the tenth studio album by Shelby Lynne, released in the United States and Canada on January 29, 2008. The album is a tribute to British singer Dusty Springfield, and features covers of nine songs popularized by her, in addition to "Pretend", an original song written by Lynne. In contrast to the more fully instrumented original versions Dusty Springfield recorded, Lynne's remakes featured sparse arrangements, favoring acoustic guitars and pianos rather than a string or horn section.

Inspiration
Shelby Lynne's 1999 breakout album I Am Shelby Lynne had drawn widespread favorable critical comparison to the 1968 classic Dusty Springfield album release Dusty in Memphis, and in promoting I Am... Lynne, when asked about the Dusty Springfield comparisons, she replied: "That's the ultimate [compliment]...I've had the Dusty in Memphis record for many years." (Lynne would elsewhere indicate her familiarity with Dusty in Memphis dates from 1998 when she received a copy of the album as a gift.) In 2010 Lynne would take a different perspective: "Through the years, people have made silly [Lynne/ Springfield] comparisons [although] there’s absolutely nothing about us that’s alike" while allowing of Springfield: "[Her] songs are so amazing and she was such a great singer."

In the spring of 2005 Lynne received an email from Barry Manilow suggesting that she cut an album of Dusty Springfield songs. About to go on tour behind her newly released Suit Yourself album, Lynne was at the time unable to deal with any future project but remembered Manilow's suggestion, in May 2006 getting her manager Elizabeth Jordan's endorsement of Lynne recording a Dusty Springfield tribute album. After receiving approval from Capitol Records in July 2006, on Jordan's recommendation, Lynne phoned veteran producer Phil Ramone (who early in his career had engineered the Dusty Springfield recording of "The Look of Love"). Ramone was agreeable to the project, over which he and Lynne brainstormed for the remaining half of the year, commencing the recording of what would be the Just a Little Lovin' album on January 7 in Capitol Records Studio A. The album's tracks were all recorded complete as sung and played with no overdubs.

Tracks

The cover of Just a Little Lovin'' showed Lynne posing in a similar way to Springfield on the cover of Dusty in Memphis (Lynne acknowledged the resemblance, saying that it was serendipitous), and the album featured four remakes from the Springfield album while passing over its highest-profile cut: the 1969 Top Ten hit "Son of a Preacher Man" (Shelby Lynne quote:) "I would never ever ever attempt to cut 'Son of a Preacher Man.' [Dusty Springfield] owns that." The title cut of Lynne's album: "Just a Little Lovin'", had been introduced on Dusty in Memphis, from which album Lynne also remade "Breakfast in Bed" and  "I Don't Want to Hear It Anymore", the latter a Randy Newman composition which Lynne described as "the song that I [heard and] fell in love with Dusty": Lynne also remade the shelved Dusty in Memphis track "Willie and Laura Mae Jones", a 1969 Dusty Springfield single release written by Lynne's friend  Tony Joe White, known to Lynne via Waylon Jennings 1972 version.

Although Lynne commented that the omission of a remake of Springfield's 1964 Top Ten hit "Wishin' and Hopin'" was due to (Shelby Lynne quote:) "[it] not [being] my favorite song"  a "Wishin' and Hopin'" remake was included on the UK release of Just a Little Lovin'. Lynne did record two other compositions by "Wishin' and Hopin'" writers Burt Bacharach and Hal David, one of them the 1967 Dusty Springfield hit "The Look of Love" and the other "Anyone Who Had a Heart" which had itself been a "cover" for Springfield, being one of a number of U.S. hits recorded for her 1964 debut album A Girl Called Dusty. (A U.S. hit for Dionne Warwick, "Anyone Who Had a Heart" would be a #1 hit in Springfield's native UK in February 1964 for Cilla Black.) Critic Dave Madeloni opined: "Lynne takes 'The Look of Love' and 'Anyone Who Had a Heart' and boils them down to a hush, with understated arrangements that [showcase] her gorgeous voice".

Two songs remade by Lynne she was familiar with but not as Dusty Springfield hits, one of them being "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me", Springfield's career record from 1965 which Lynne actually knew via the 1970 Elvis Presley recording: (VVN Music:)"The fullness and beauty of Lynne's voice is shown wonderfully [on 'You Don't Have to Say...', whose] a capella intro [leads] into an emotional torch song." The second: "How Can I Be Sure", a 1970 Top 40 UK hit for Springfield, Lynne knew from the original 1967 Young Rascals' version: Lynne's version, eschewing the song's trademark 3/4 waltz time in favor of a 2/4 time signature arrangement featuring only a lone guitar, "stripped [the song] of its Parisian street-song flavor [to end the album on] a [note of] naked need."
Just a Little Lovin' also featured Springfield's inaugural solo hit from 1963: the "bouncy pop confection"  "I Only Want to Be With You", from which Lynne "strains the sugar and bounce, leaving [it as] a bittersweet bossa nova", and included one song not recorded by Springfield: "Pretend", which Lynne had written prior to her Dusty Springfield project but which struck Lynne as a song Springfield could have sung.

Asked in 2012 of the possibility of her Dusty Springfield tribute serving as template for another album saluting a revered singer, Lynne replied: "Hell no. She was it. I think every [singer's] career [allows for] one cover album[: more and] you turn into a [bleep]ing jukebox. If you want to hear [another singer's song] go listen to the original."

Release and impact
Lynne would recall: "We cut the [album] the week Capitol Records busted up. So we're downstairs wondering why upstairs isn't coming down to check us out. Turns out there was no upstairs there." Lynne pitched her album to Lost Highway Records who released Just a Little Lovin 29 January 2008 with a promotional EP recorded in conjunction with radio station KCRW released four days prior to the album. Outside the United States and Canada, the album was distributed by Mercury Records whose UK division had in 1999 given the I Am Shelby Lynne album its first release. The sole single from the album, "Anyone Who Had a Heart", was released through the US edition of iTunes on December 18, 2007.

In its debut week of sales, the album garnered a career sales high for Lynne, according to Billboard. While this album entered the magazine's main album chart (the Billboard 200) within the 50 most popular albums of the week, Lynne's previous album (Suit Yourself) had failed to make the chart.

Critical reception

The reimagining of Springfield's songs has been a frequent mention in reviews of the album, e.g. the four-star critique by Bill Friskics-Warren in Nashville's largest newspaper, The Tennessean: Friskics-Warren, who found Lynne's "Delta-bred vocals...as supple and expressive as any this side of Bobbie Gentry", opined that "in terms of phrasing and arrangements Lynne's performances sound almost nothing like Springfield's originals. Peeling back the [originals'] sweeping orchestras and production...Lynne and her emphatic rhythm section reinvent Dusty's material, underscoring the desperation and vulnerability at [each song's] core". Jim Farber, a critic for the New York Daily News, stated in his review that Lynne "[makes] Springfield's hits her own by inverting them on almost every level."

While reviews were generally favorable for the album, some critics missed the more forceful vocal style which had characterized the original versions by Springfield — and also Lynne's own previous albums. As Louisville Courier-Journal critic Jeffrey Lee Puckett wrote in his album review, "She instead decided to make the record one long, slow burn — very slow, to the point where most songs tend to barely ignite or even bleed together. The result is, at best, killer make-out music and, at worst, background for a pleasant meal." George Lang, reviewing Just a Little Lovin' for The Daily Oklahoman, opined that Lynne "could not sing a dishonest syllable if she tried" but that her "emotion-drenched vocals" were impeded by the "sleepy spare arrangements" with which the album replaced the "lushness" of Dusty in Memphis: (George Lang quote:) "It's not as if Lynne is averse [to] big production: this disc could have been transcendent if [produced by] Bill Bottrell, the gifted eccentric who produced...I Am Shelby Lynne...Lynne deserves to be surrounded  in sounds as big as her personality. As it is, Just a Little Lovin' is a mild affair that could have been a torrid romance."

The album garnered one award nomination in the Best Engineered Non-Classical Album category for the 51st Grammy Awards, recognizing the work of album engineer Al Schmitt. Just a Little Lovin' lost to the eventual winner, Consolers of the Lonely, performed by The Raconteurs.

Track listing

Personnel

Kevin Axt – bass guitar, upright bass
Curt Bisquera – drums
Jill Dell'Abate – production coordination
Gregg Field – drums
Steve Genewick – assistant
Shelby Lynne – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, lead vocals, backing vocals
Rob Mathes – keyboards
Karen Naff – design
Dean Parks – acoustic guitar, electric guitar
Phil Ramone – producer
Randee Saint Nicholas – photography
Doug Sax – mastering
Al Schmitt – engineer, mixing

Charts

References

External links
"The Return of Blue-Eyed Soul", Chebatoris, Jac. Newsweek (web exclusive), November 21, 2007, accessed January 23, 2008
"Shelby Lynne's Dusty Trail", Hoerburger, Rob. The New York Times Magazine, January 13, 2008, accessed January 24, 2008(including comparison of "Breakfast In Bed" audio clips of Springfield and Lynne)
"Anyone Who Had a Heart" streaming audio from Entertainment Weekly
"Shelby Lynne talks about her new album 'Just A Little Lovin’,' an homage to Dusty Springfield", www.edgeboston.com, January 25, 2008, accessed February 1, 2008

2008 albums
Shelby Lynne albums
Dusty Springfield tribute albums
Albums produced by Phil Ramone
Lost Highway Records albums


Pennsylvania State Senate District 50 includes part of Lawrence County and all of Crawford County and Mercer County. It is currently represented by Republican Michele Brooks.

District profile
The district includes the following areas:

All of Crawford County

Lawrence County:

All of Mercer County

Senators

References

Pennsylvania Senate districts
Government of Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Government of Erie County, Pennsylvania
Government of Mercer County, Pennsylvania
Government of Warren County, Pennsylvania


Dance Dance Revolution Ultramix 2, or simply Ultramix 2, is a music rhythm video game released on November 18, 2004 by Konami in American markets for the Microsoft Xbox.

Gameplay

Music
Ultramix 2 has a unique songlist compared to previous releases on other console systems. Rather than focusing on songs pulled from specific arcade versions, there is more emphasis on completely new material. This is also the first DDR release to feature licenses from A Different Drum records, a trend that would continue on throughout the Ultramix and DDR Universe series, as well as the arcade release of Dance Dance Revolution X. This is also the second DDR game to utilize downloadable content after its predecessor, allowing users to download song packs off of Xbox Live.

A large portion of the new songs were ported over to the Japanese PlayStation 2 release, Dance Dance Revolution Strike.

Downloadable content

Music sampler

Dance Dance Revolution Ultramix 2 Limited Edition Music Sampler is a bonus music CD featuring songs from the game. These samplers are available only to those who reserve the game before its release, typically at a GameStop or EB Games retail outlet. The CD contains tracks taken directly from the game as well as unique remixes done by Konami's in-house artists from a broad range of musical styles.

Known to Konami as V-RARE SOUNDTRACK-4 USA, the V-RARE moniker had first been used by Konami to release similar albums in Japan to commemorate Bemani game releases there and still are to this date are. In Japan the music CDs are usually bundled with a given game upon release. To date Konami has released 13 V-RARE discs  in the US to promote various Dance Dance Revolution game releases and has released them through various video game and non-video game vendors such as GameStop, EB Games, Toys "R" Us, and Burger King.

Of the tracks that comprise this CD the more notable ones are MAX 300 (Super-Max-Me Mix) a remix of MAX 300 from the Japanese DDRMAX arcade and is also one song of many that marks the first time Konami has allowed outside talent to remix their in-house music, and In My Eyes (Midihead Remix) which introduces Bemani fans to Midihead, an artist that also goes by the name Monolithic and has been well received by DDR fans for his unique vocals and song structure.

Reception

Promotions

References

External links
Dance Dance Revolution Ultramix 2 official website

2004 video games
Dance Dance Revolution games
Multiplayer online games
Video games scored by Jesper Kyd
Video games developed in the United States
Xbox-only games
Xbox games
Multiplayer and single-player video games


Joseph Dewey Soper (May 5, 1893 – November 2, 1982) was a widely traveled Canadian Arctic ornithologist, explorer, zoologist, and prolific author.

Early years
Soper was raised near Rockwood, Ontario where he developed an interest in wildlife and natural history. His mother wanted Soper to be a minister; his father wanted Soper to work on the farm. Soper was influenced by Henry David Thoreau's Walden and the works of Ernest Thompson Seton. He attended Alberta College and the University of Alberta where he studied zoology. Soper was first published at age 20.

Career

Arctic expedition of 1923
In 1920, William Edwin Saunders invited Soper to a naturalist's meeting at Point Pelee, Lake Erie where Soper met Dr. R. M. Anderson who went on to invite Soper to work as a naturalist on the Federal Government's East Arctic Expedition. Soper was commissioned to document the Arctic flora and fauna of Baffin Island, Beechey Island, Bylot Island, Devon Island, Ellesmere Island, northern Greenland, and areas of Labrador.

Arctic expedition of 1924–1926
In 1924, the National Museum of Canada retained Soper for an expedition to Baffin Island.  Soper headquartered at a Royal Canadian Mounted Police base that was also a Hudson's Bay Company post. During this trip, Soper explored Nettilling Lake, Koukdjuak River, Cumberland Gulf to Foxe Basin, Amadjuak Bay on Hudson Strait, Cape Dorset covering more than  by dog sled, boat, and canoe.

Arctic expedition of 1928–1931

Soper's biggest accomplishment, with the help of local Inuit, was the  successful six-year, 30,000-mile (50,000 km) search on Baffin Island for the blue goose (C. c. caerulescens) nesting grounds on Bluegoose Plain near Bowman Bay in the Foxe Basin in the spring of 1929. The find was featured in Ripley's Believe It or Not!, earning Soper the nickname "Blue Goose Soper".(Martin, 1995)

Government service
Soper joined the government service in 1934, becoming the first Federal Chief Migratory Bird Officer for the Prairie Provinces in the Canadian Wildlife Service. In 1948, he became the Chief Federal Wildlife Officer for Alberta, Northwest Territories, and Yukon.

By the end of his career, Soper conducted three Arctic expeditions and published over 130 research papers and articles. His personal records, notebooks, mammal and bird collections, and research materials were bequeathed to the University of Alberta.

Personal life
Soper visited his sister in Wetaskiwin, Alberta, in 1927 where he met and married the first graduate nurse in the Eastern Arctic, Carolyn ("Carrie") Freeman. Soper took his wife on his travels, and sometimes his young son, Roland. Though Soper was a zoologist, ornithologist, and explorer, he also collected Inuit art, including ivory figures and enjoyed hunting. When he died in 1982, he was survived by his wife, daughter, son, daughter-in-law, and five grandchildren.

Awards and honors
 1960: Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, University of Alberta
 1978: Commissioner's Award, Northwest Territories
 1980: Douglas H. Pimlott Conservation Award, Nature Canada
 Soper River; Soper Lake; Dewey Soper Migratory Bird Sanctuary (the  of western Baffin Island from Bowman Bay to the Koukjuak River) were all named after Dr. Soper
 J. Dewey Soper Award by the Alberta Society of Professional Biologists, awarded to Canadian biologists

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

External links

1893 births
1982 deaths
Baffin Island
Canadian ornithologists
Canadian science writers
20th-century Canadian zoologists
Explorers of Canada
Explorers of the Arctic
Ornithological writers
People from Guelph
Royal Canadian Geographical Society fellows
University of Alberta


The Bradley Airport Connector (also the Bradley Field Connector) is a  expressway built to connect Bradley International Airport to Interstate 91 in Windsor, Connecticut. It begins at Exit 40 of I-91 and heads west following Route 20 for about 4 miles along the town line between Windsor and Windsor Locks. The expressway then turns north, leaving Route 20 and briefly becoming an unsigned state road (with designation Special Service Road 401) ending at the airport terminals.

On October 10, 1999, the Connector was named the "82nd Airborne Memorial Highway", in honor of the U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne Division. According to the Connecticut Department of Transportation, the expressway carries as many as 54,900 vehicles per day (as of 2007).

Route description

The highway begins at Exit 40 of I-91 in the town of Windsor. After traveling about a quarter of a mile along the exit ramp, the main roadway starts as a four-lane expressway with unnumbered exits. The highway's first exit is with Old County Road a mile later. The second exit is signed for Route 75, which provides access to the long-term parking lots of the airport and leads to the town of Suffield. After about , the highway has another exit for Hamilton Road. Soon after this exit, Route 20 exits at the highway's fourth exit to continue on surface roads to East Granby. At this point, the expressway turns north to enter Windsor Locks and soon enters the perimeter of Bradley International Airport. After a partial interchange with Hamilton Road North, the highway ends at Schoephoester Road, a one-way road that connects to the terminal access road.

The highway designation becomes Special Service Road 401 (SSR 401) after Route 20 leaves the Connector. The SSR 401 designation continues east on Schoephoester Road, which continues for another  as a four-lane surface road to connect with Route 75. Schoephoester Road also provides access to the Bradley Airport parking lots. The airport terminal access road connects to Schoephoester Road about half a mile east of the end of the expressway at a jughandle intersection. The airport terminal access road is a one-way, unsigned state road with designation Special Service Road 403 (SSR 403).

History
The project to build this connector was proposed in the early 1950s, but was not started until 1958. Three years later, on July 3, 1961, the four-lane expressway was open to traffic. The highway cost $3.9 million to construct. When the Connector opened to traffic, Route 20 was relocated to use the east–west portion of the highway. This resulted in Route 20 being truncated to end at I-91. The portion of the highway that is not part of Route 20 was assigned as SSR 401 in 1963.

Exit list

References

External links

State highways in Connecticut
Transportation in Hartford County, Connecticut
Buildings and structures in Hartford County, Connecticut
1961 establishments in Connecticut


Alberto Arnoldi (or di Arnoldo) was a 14th-century Italian sculptor and architect. He was born in Florence.

In 1364, he made the colossal group of the Madonna and Child with two angels (originally attributed by an error of Giorgio Vasari to Andrea Pisano) for the Loggia del Bigallo in Florence. Arnoldi worked at this group from 1359 to 1364. As architect, he directed the works of Florence Cathedral about 1358. The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo houses a marble relief from the base of the Florentine bell tower depicting the baptism attributed to Arnoldi. The date of the work is determined to be around 1375.

References

 cites:
Cicognara, Storia della scultura

External links
, by Stephan Bourgeois; Parnassus, Vol. 7, No. 3 (Mar., 1935), pp. 7–8

Sculptors from Florence
Italian male sculptors
Architects from Florence
14th-century people from the Republic of Florence
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
Catholic sculptors


S. F. Said (born 1967) is a British children's writer.

His first novel was Varjak Paw (2003), illustrated by Dave McKean and published by David Fickling Books in January 2003; four months later in the U.S., Varjak Paw won the 2003 Nestlé Smarties Book Prize. The sequel, The Outlaw Varjak Paw (2005), won the 2007 Blue Peter Book of the Year. Phoenix (2013) is a longer novel written for older children. It was shortlisted for the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize and was selected to represent the U.K. on the IBBY Honour List for 2016.

Biography
S. F. Said is a British Muslim author of Middle Eastern background, who was born in Beirut and spent his first years in Jordan. He describes his origins as "Iraqi, Egyptian, Kurdish, and Circassian." He grew up in London, moving there with his mother at the age of two. After graduating from the University of Cambridge, he worked as a press attaché and speech writer for the Crown Prince of Jordan's office in London for six years. He began a Ph.D. in 1997 looking at the lives of young Muslims in Britain, but left academia to focus on film journalism for The Daily Telegraph – where he brought attention to much so-called world cinema, including contemporary Islamic cinema – and on writing for children. Said has also written a number of articles and reviews for The Guardian about children's books.

Writing career
S. F. Said has published three novels for children thus far. Varjak Paw tells the story of a Mesopotamian Blue cat called Varjak who leaves his sheltered upbringing to explore the city and learn the "Seven Skills of the Way", taught to him in dreams by his ancestor Jalal. In his dreams, Varjak finds himself transported from his gritty urban surroundings to the deserts, rivers and mountains of Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). With the Skills, he is able to fight the Gentleman. Varjak was staged as a play by Playbox Theatre, and was performed as an opera by The Opera Group in 2008. Said wrote 17 drafts of the book.

In the sequel, The Outlaw Varjak Paw (2005), the domineering "white cat with one eye", Sally Bones, invades the territories of other cats and ruling them with torture and terror, and Varjak leads the other cats – and some dogs – in the fight against her. In 2020, Blue Peter asked the audience to vote for their all-time favourite Blue Peter Book Award-winner, and The Outlaw Varjak Paw was included in the top ten.

Phoenix is not a Varjak-world novel. The Internet Speculative Fiction Database calls it young-adult science fiction rather than (animal) fantasy. It made the shortlist of four books for the 2014 Guardian Children's Fiction Prize, whose judges recommended it for ages 10 and up, and whose coverage by The Guardian called it a "space epic".

Said has contributed an essay to The Gifts of Reading (2020), an anthology inspired by Robert Macfarlane's essay of the same name. He also contributed a story to The Book of Hopes (2020), edited by Katherine Rundell, an anthology for young readers that raised money for NHS charities during the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.K.

Tyger, is Said's latest novel. The New York Times writes that the "novel shares that fight of good against evil, but this time the lead cat is a magical “tyger”, an immortal being who comes to an alternative 21st-century London where the abolition of slavery was never achieved and empire is still going great guns".

Additionally, Said has judged a number of major U.K. book prizes, including the Costa Book Awards, the Guardian Children Fiction Prize, the inaugural Amnesty/CILIP Honour, and the BookTrust Lifetime Achievement Award.

Books
 Varjak Paw, illustrated by Dave McKean (David Fickling Books, 2003)
 The Outlaw Varjak Paw, illus. Dave McKean (David Fickling, 2005)
 Phoenix, illus. Dave McKean (David Fickling, 2013), 489 pp.,
 Tyger, illus. Dave McKean (David Fickling, 2022), 304 pp.

Awards
 Nestlé Smarties Book Prize (2003) – Varjak Paw
 Blue Peter Book Award, Book of the Year (2007) – The Outlaw Varjak Paw
 IBBY Honour List (2016) – Phoenix
 Foyles Children's Book of the Year (2022)

References

External links
 Official website: www.sfsaid.com

 Guardian children's fiction prize book club: Phoenix by SF Said (July 2014)

1967 births
British children's writers
British fantasy writers
British science fiction writers
Living people
Muslim writers
British Muslims
Writers from Beirut


"You Can Feel Bad" is a song written by Matraca Berg and Tim Krekel, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless.  It was released in December 1995 as the first single from her eight album, The Trouble with the Truth (1996). The song charted for 20 weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles and Tracks chart, reaching No. 1 during the week of March 23, 1996.

Critical reception
Wendy Newcomer from Cash Box wrote, "Loveless’ new single from her upcoming album Trouble With The Truth is delivered with the elan of a great interpreter—loose, soulful and confident. Loveless is an artist who consistently records well-written songs with just the right amount of feisty attitude."

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

1995 singles
Patty Loveless songs
Songs written by Matraca Berg
Song recordings produced by Emory Gordy Jr.
Epic Records singles
Songs written by Tim Krekel
1995 songs


Mortimer Henri-Robert Fournier-Sarlovèze (January 14, 1869 – July 13, 1937) was a French politician and polo player in the 1900 Summer Olympics. He was born in Paris and died in Compiègne. In 1900 he was part of the Bagatelle Polo Club de Paris polo team which won the bronze medal.

References

External links

1869 births
1937 deaths
Politicians of the French Third Republic
French polo players
Olympic polo players for France
Polo players at the 1900 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for France
Medalists at the 1900 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in polo


The Córdoba and Huatusco Railroad (Ferrocarril de Córdoba a Huatusco, FCCH) was a  narrow gauge railway connecting Huatusco with Córdoba. It was opened in 1902 and closed in 1953.

History

The FCCH built in an effort to provide rail service to the Veracruz town of Huatusco from the Ferrocarril Mexicano (FCM) at Córdoba.  Julio Limantour was an investment partner in the banking firm of Hugo Scherer Jr. and Company for many years. He was well known in Mexico City’s business circles and abroad. Along with engineer Juan Navarro and Carlos Moricard, Limantour joined in a society to build a railroad line in Veracruz. In 1900 Navarro had acquired the rights to a railroad concession granted in 1898 to build a railroad line to run from Córdoba to Huatusco.  The line was surveyed by the son of Porfirio Díaz, and  of  narrow gauge rails reached Coscomatepec in 1902.

The route across the flanks of Pico de Orizaba required expensive construction.  The bridge at Tomatlán was  above a tributary of the Río Jamapa; and  of 3.7% grade with 19 degree ( radius) curves were required to reach Coscomatepec from Tomatlán.  The construction of the railroad as well as the transportation of passengers, products and supplies were affected by the weather, topography, and infectious diseases, which were more prevalent near the coast. Construction was also delayed by the need for specialized equipment, some of which had to be acquired from firms in the United States and overseas.  Funds were unavailable to complete the final  to Huatusco, and the line was sold to the Ferrocarril Mexicano in 1909 after Limantour's death.

FCM purchased three new passenger coaches for their  narrow gauge line and transferred a Shay locomotive from their Zacatlán Branch for use as a helper from Tomatlán to Coscomatepec. The locomotives had been built as coal burners with wooden cabs and  boilers, but were later given steel cabs and converted to burn fuel oil. Mixed trains ran through 1951 with a  2-6-0 pulling the coaches, a 4-door boxcar as a baggage car, and a flatcar with cloth roof to shade 3rd class seating on a longitudinal bench.  Rails were removed in 1953, and Luisa was placed on display in Mexico City. The other two 2-6-0 locomotives were scrapped in 1954.

Locomotives

References

Defunct railway companies of Mexico
2 ft gauge railways in Mexico
History of Veracruz
Transportation in Veracruz
Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México
Railway companies established in 1902
1953 disestablishments in Mexico
Railway lines opened in 1902
Railway companies disestablished in 1953
Buildings and structures in Córdoba, Veracruz
Mexican companies established in 1902


Sixty county courts in Wales have closed since the modern system of county courts in England and Wales was established by the County Courts Act 1846. The Act created 491 courts on 60 circuits; of these, 53 courts were in Wales and Monmouthshire, a Welsh county that had ambiguous status at the time and was sometimes treated as being in England. Since then, new courts have been opened in various locations, and 80 towns and cities in Wales have, or have had, county courts. As of 2012, there are 20 county courts in Wales. Reasons for closure have included a decision that it was "inexpedient" to continue to provide a court, the volume of business no longer justifying a court, or the state of the building housing the court. The first closure was Fishguard in 1856. The most recent closures are the county courts in Aberdare and Pontypool, which closed on 1 August 2011.

History
The modern system of county courts in England and Wales dates from the County Courts Act 1846, which received Royal Assent on 28 August 1846 and was brought into force on 15 March 1847. England and Wales (with the exception of the City of London, which was outside the scope of the Act) were divided into 60 circuits, with a total of 491 courts. Four of these circuits were wholly in Wales, as were 46 of these courts. A further seven courts were located in Monmouthshire (which had at the time an ambiguous status and was sometimes treated as being part of England) and these seven courts were part of a circuit for Monmouthshire and Herefordshire. One county court judge was appointed to each circuit, assisted by one or more registrars with some limited judicial powers, and would travel between the courts in his area as necessary, sitting in each court at least once a month. Few permanent courts were needed initially, given the infrequency of court hearings, and temporary accommodation such as a town hall would often be used where there was no existing courthouse for use.

Over time, although new courts have been opened in various locations, there has been a reduction in the number of locations where a county court is held. In all, 80 towns and cities in Wales have held county courts since 1847; 60 have closed and, as of 2012, 20 county courts in Wales are still open. The most recent opening of a county court took place in Caerphilly in 1965, although this closed in 2000. The first county court to close was Fishguard, in 1856. The latest county courts to close in Wales were Aberdare and Pontypool in 2011.  Blaenavon is the only town in Wales to have a county court close and then reopen, both events taking place in 1938.

Courts have been closed for various reasons. The county courts at Fishguard, Ruabon and Cowbridge were closed because it was considered "inexpedient" to continue to hold courts there. In other cases, it was thought that it would be "of advantage to the public" to move the location of a court: the court at Pembroke was replaced by one at Pembroke Dock. The volume of court business declined during the Second World War and some little-used courts, including Presteigne and Llandeilo, were closed as a result.

There has been pressure to close courts for economic reasons since the 19th century. In 1872, more than 300 of the county courts in England and Wales cost more to run than they received in fees, but widespread closures were politically impossible. In 1899, there were proposals to close courts where fewer than 20 claims were issued per year, but these plans were frustrated by local pressure to keep courts open, since having a county court in a town was generally regarded as a mark of the town's importance. A review of the provision of county courts after the First World War concluded that Mid Wales had an "unjustifiably generous" number of county courts, but only one (Llangollen) was proposed for closure, given the need to maintain courts in rural areas.

More recently, considerations in deciding whether to close a court have included "the costs and practical implications of running a court, the public facilities, waiting times, workload levels and the overall standard of service that can be made available over the area as a whole". Monmouth, for example, was based in the Shire Hall until it was closed in 2002 because of the poor standard of the court accommodation, the lack of access for people with disabilities and the high cost to run the court compared with the use it received. The Government estimated in March 2000 that the closure of 55 county courts in England and Wales (including 9 courts in Wales) in the previous 6 years had saved a minimum of £6 million, through reductions in rent and accommodation charges, running costs and judicial expense.

In June 2010, the Ministry of Justice announced plans to close 54 county courts and 103 magistrates' courts in England and Wales, in order to save £15m in annual running costs and £22m in necessary maintenance. The courts threatened with closure in Wales were Aberdare, Llangefni, Pontypool and Rhyl. In addition, it was proposed that Newport County Court would no longer hold hearings at Chepstow every fortnight (as had been done since the county court there closed in 2002). After consultation, it was decided to keep Llangefni County Court open, but the other closures were confirmed.

Closed courts

Until 1 January 1937, the full title of each court was "The County Court of (county) holden at (location/locations)", using the historic county names. Thereafter, each court was renamed as "(location/s) County Court". For brevity, the latter form is used throughout in this table, with "County Court" being abbreviated to "CC". All name changes in the table reflect changes in the locations where the court sat since, until 1 August 1983, a county court with more than one location in its title would sit at each location named.

See also
Courts of England and Wales
List of County Court venues in England and Wales

References
General
Polden, Patrick (1999). A History of the County Court, 1846–1971. Cambridge University Press. .
For the courts that opened on 15 March 1847: the Order in Council of 9 March 1847 bringing the 1846 Act into force on 15 March 1847 and establishing the original 491 county courts was published in a supplement to the London Gazette on 10 March 1847.
Specific
Save where references are given to publication in The London Gazette, the Statutory Instruments listed below were published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office and the date that the Order was made is given. Statutory Instruments from 1987 onwards are available online.

County Courts
Wales
County Courts in Wales
County courts in England and Wales
County Courts in Wales
County Courts in Wales
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Agassiz Glacier is in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. It is named after Louis Agassiz, a Swiss-American glaciologist. The glacier is situated in a cirque to the southeast of Kintla Peak west of the Continental Divide. Agassiz Glacier is one of several glaciers that have been selected for monitoring by the U.S. Geological Survey's Glacier Monitoring Research program, which is researching changes to the mass balance of glaciers in and surrounding Glacier National Park.

The glacier is being monitored using remote sensing equipment and repeat photography, where images of the glacier are taken from identical locations periodically. Tree ring samples have also been used previously to determine the extent of glacier retreat. Between 1966 and 2005, Agassiz Glacier lost a third of its surface area.

See also
List of glaciers in the United States
Glaciers in Glacier National Park (U.S.)

References

Glaciers of Flathead County, Montana
Glaciers of Glacier National Park (U.S.)
Glaciers of Montana